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Abstract: This paper provides one of the first studies on the role of social media in shaping collective memory in contemporary China. Social media enable the ordinary to participate in creating, interacting, and distributing alternative narratives of the past. Therefore, collective memory has being reconfigured under the influence of social media. Nevertheless, previous collective memory studies largely took cultural artefacts that are mainly created by social elites as straightforward manifestations of the collective understanding of the past. Few collective memory studies have included “user-created” narratives as an important representation of collective memory. To fill the gap, this article identifies narratives on microblogging platform as a new source of collective memory and examines their influences on prescriptive memory. It draws on the theory of counter-public sphere and takes the debate over the history of the Great Chinese Famine on Weibo – a twitter-like microblogging service in China as a case. A combined research design, namely case study and online ethnography, has been employed to scrutinize how ordinary people utilize Weibo to facilitate a counter-public sphere and cultivate pluralistic and communicative collective memories. Findings suggest that alternative narratives on Weibo generated by ordinary Chinese people resist against the authoritarian narratives on politically sensitive memory while constructing their own narratives of the past. For one thing, Weibo acts as a tool for ordinary people to give out their voices and struggle against prescriptive remembering. For another, Weibo shakes the dust of previous marginal memories and excluded knowledge, helping the ordinary to construct their own narratives of the past. In conclusion, Weibo gives “history back to the people in their own words.” In this sense, Weibo as social media provides a valuable platform for ordinary Chinese people not only to challenge but also to change the dominant memory in contemporary China. | https://portal.research.lu.se/portal/en/publications/civic-engagement-in-collective-remembering-social-media-information-credibility-and-knowledge-production-in-contemporary-china(c3cafa44-0ae4-4e33-bc01-1500dc6eb89a).html |
In the wake of the tragic deaths of two of its most prominent cast members, “The Walking Blackout” has struggled to find its footing as a series.
But if AMC is serious about making sure it keeps its promise to its loyal audience, it might want to rethink its plan for a fourth season.
According to multiple reports, the network is developing a fourth “The Blackout,” which is set to premiere on the CW in 2019.
In the meantime, “Walking Dead” fans will have plenty of reasons to be sad, especially after two of the show’s biggest stars were killed in a freak accident.
The most important thing to know about the tragic events is that none of the actors involved were ever going to be alive to tell their story.
Here’s a rundown of the latest news: Who were the cast members killed in the “The Walk”?
It’s hard to say without revealing the identities of the dead, but “The Dead” actor Andrew Lincoln, who played Governor Abraham Lincoln on “The Leftovers,” died last week at age 73.
“I am deeply saddened to report that Andrew Lincoln passed away in the early hours of Sunday, January 10, 2018,” a statement from Lincoln’s rep reads.
“He was an integral part of the production team and was beloved by his cast and crew.
Andrew was a longtime fan of the series and a huge fan of his characters and universe.
He will be deeply missed.”
According to AMC, Lincoln was diagnosed with prostate cancer in December.
He would have turned 76 on February 1.
“The show will continue as planned,” AMC said.
“We will be able to announce more details when we are able to do so.”
It’s unclear if Lincoln was ever going for the role of Governor Lincoln, but it’s possible he may have wanted to take a shot at the title.
According “The Dark Tower,” he was interested in the role because of his love of science fiction and fantasy and his role in the 2012 film “The Stand.”
“The world that Andrew and I grew up in was always a world of magic and wonder and magic and horror and adventure,” showrunner Nikolaj Arcel told the Associated Press last week.
“It was just a place that we wanted to live in.”
Lincoln’s death is yet another blow to the beloved series.
While it’s unlikely he’d ever play the role again, AMC is clearly hoping he’ll return for the next season.
The Walking Dead’s next installment will be released in 2019, and Arcel has said he’d love to see Lincoln back.
“As long as I can do it, and if I’m given the opportunity, I’m excited to do it,” Arcel said in December, according to the Associated Media.
“That would be an honor for me.
But I can’t do it now, unfortunately.”
“Waking up on the other side of the world to get back into the story,” he added.
“Maybe I’ll do it when the time is right.”
In an interview with Variety earlier this year, Arcel talked about how the show might adapt “The Tower” as a standalone novel.
“There’s a way to do that, of course,” he said.
The series finale aired back in March, but the fate of the characters and the world have yet to be revealed.
AMC is currently in the midst of its third season, which is already one of the most popular in the network’s history.
The network has also had some big hits this year.
“Better Call Saul,” a dramedy starring Luke Wilson, won for best drama series in the fall, and “The Handmaid’s Tale” won best drama.
In 2017, AMC also made a splash when it picked up “Empire” for a second season.
In addition, the studio released a number of series based on its most popular movies.
“Breaking Bad,” which won an Emmy for best series in 2017, also starred Vince Gilligan, and AMC has also made some notable spinoffs in recent years.
In 2018, the AMC series “Bones” brought together several of its characters, including Vince Gilligans brother and creator Vince Gillan, who is also the showrunner of the upcoming “Better Things.”
“Breaking Dead” has also been a huge success, with the series averaging more than 20 million viewers per episode since its premiere in January.
“Wake Up, AMC” airs Mondays at 9 p.m. ET on AMC. | https://muhammadandco.com/archives/118 |
Occupational noise exposure and regulatory adherence in music venues in the United Kingdom.
Noise in most working environments is an unwanted by-product of the process. In most countries, noise exposure for workers has been controlled by legislation for many years. In the music industry the "noise" is actually the "desired" product, and for a long time the UK entertainment industry was exempt from these regulations. From April 2008, however, it became regulated under the Noise at Work Regulations 2005, meaning that employers from orchestras to nightclubs are legally required to adhere to the same requirements (based on ISO 9612:2009) for controlling noise exposure for their staff that have been applied to other industries for many years. A key question is to what degree, 2 years after implementation, these employers are complying with their legal responsibilities to protect the staff from noise? This study assessed four public music venues where live and/or recorded music is regularly played. Thirty staff members in different roles in the venues were monitored using noise dosimetry to determine noise exposure. Questionnaires were used to determine work patterns, attitudes to noise and hearing loss, and levels of training about noise risk. Results showed that the majority of staff (70%) in all venues exceeded the daily noise exposure limit value in their working shift. Use of hearing protection was rare (<30%) and not enforced by most venues. The understanding of the hazard posed by noise was low, and implementation of the noise regulations was haphazard, with staff regularly exceeding regulatory limits. The implication is that the industry is failing to meet regulatory requirements.
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Britain’s Music Venues Are Under Threat
Since the Coalition Government in the UK came to power in 2010 there has been a concerted effort by politicians to put housing back at the top of the list of national priorities amid worries that a housing ‘superbubble’ may be happening in London and the South East of England.
The change in the law that has coincided with the government’s plans to spark another wave of house building came into effect on the 30th of May last year. Since then the Music Venue Trust (a Non Profit that represents the interests of the live music sector) knows of 7 premises that are under threat from the legislation which allows local residents (and more importantly) new and encouraged local developments to make complaints about established music venues with impunity.
As a result the Trust are now campaigning for an urgent review of Noise Abatement Legislation to ensure that a fair balance is met between the concerns of local residents, developers and the local business owners and music fans who frequent various live music hotspots up and down the country.
“The campaign we’re running at the moment is one specifically aimed at the noise legislation, and that’s for two reasons” says Mark Davyd, CEO of the Music Venue Trust. “Number one is it’s a series of laws, there’s not actually one specific law we’re going up against. The series of laws – all of which are quite good in themselves – are great but unfortunately when you put them together you can start to see where the loopholes are. Specifically on noise abatement, the loophole that’s emerged there has come about through changes to the planning laws which encourage the building of flats and apartments in town centres. Now that seems like a good idea.”
“Specifically, the Clean Air Act 2005 and the Environmental Protection Act 1990 — both of those seem pretty good but when you put them together with some stuff that was done in 2013 about local authorities listening to local residents’ and their noise complaints, you realise you can build a flat right next door to a music venue and have it shut down. Which is plainly against common sense.”
“And so our complaint isn’t necessarily that anybody has made a mistake with any of these laws, it’s just the accumulative effect of those laws needs to be reviewed and we need to be saying ‘Well, what about people and their right to a music venue?’”
“Are we seriously going to close down all the music venues in the UK because somebody wants to build a block of flats next to them?”
“When a lot of these venues started it was kind of a punky, outlandish thing to do but increasingly they are the places that have become the cultural spaces of town centres where young people go to. I’m getting on a bit now but I still go to Music Venues. The atmosphere around them needs to change, people’s understanding of them needs to change and the attitude towards them [from other parts of the cultural sector] needs to change also.”
“Secondly, I think we also have to be quite honest in saying ‘some of this looks like intentional abuse of some of these acts’. That’s the other thing we’re really trying to bring to the attention of the Secretary Of State for The Environment. We have people who are looking at property values and realising that the presence of a local music venue depresses property prices because they’re loud and noisy places to live by. It becomes a bargain if you can move in, shut down your local venue, remove the noise and then inflate the value of your property.”
“The local authorities largely aren’t to blame though.”
“The Fleece in Bristol is threatened by development, so is The Vault in Rugby, The Picture House in Edinburgh went because of noise, there’s a venue in Brighton at risk too. There is a particular responsibility for music venues to act and behave like good neighbours. And I think the Music Venue Trust should support people who say ‘please can our music venue behave responsibly’”
“But people who are saying, ‘Hey, I wanna live wherever I want to live and I want to change the environment so it’s suitable for me’, need to think differently in our opinion. The law shouldn’t really be supporting people who are buying up properties that aren’t really suitable for people to live in and then shutting down the problem, which in this case is music.”
“This wasn’t happening five years ago. Since the change in the law we know of at least 7 venues that are under threat from noise abatement legislation. Lots of people who have chosen to live in vibrant parts of the UK’s towns are quite happy to live near a music venue, they have often made that choice knowing full well that there is a venue in the area. Why should that venue be shut down just because of a new development?”
“We’re the first venue to fall foul of that rule,” says Chris Sharp from The Fleece in Bristol, one of the venues under threat from a new development being built “20 metres from the stage”. “Within three months of the laws we had a notice issued to us saying the offices next door were due to be turned into residential flats”
“The change in the planning laws has opened the doors for anyone with an office block to turn those into flats, and since most office blocks are in town and city centres they are also close to music venues.”
“The Government made an electoral promise to build a certain number of houses and their way of trying to meet an almost impossible target is to put through legislation like this. It will create a lot of housing but it will also create a lot of problems too.”
“I had a meeting with Kerry McCarthy, a Bristol Labour MP, and she said it was ‘rushed through’ and not ‘thought through’ and as a result there’s this huge loophole and people are suffering.”
ConcertTour.org reached out to The Noise Abatement Society, an NGO that promotes ways to combat antisocial noise, for comment on the issue.
“With the Music Venue Trust there are ways in which we have common interest on this issue and we see no reason why venues and residents cannot co exist together,” says Lisa Lavia, the organisation’s Managing Director. | https://concerttour.net/britains-music-venues-threat.php |
When thick black clouds of smoke billow up over the horizon, the reaction of some Bulloch County residents is to call 911.
But during late spring and early summer months, those smoke clouds usually mean someone is burning off a wheat field.
Farmers harvesting wheat often follow the crop with another after either harrowing the stubble under or burning the fields to get rid of the wheat stubble, said Bulloch County Extension Agent Wes Harris. Sometimes they will even plant through the stubble, but if they don’t have the right equipment to handle such soil and water conservation measures, burning or harrowing the land is best.
With the bumper crop of wheat this year, plentiful rains over late winter and early spring mean an especially thick amount of wheat straw. Farmers usually bale the straw and sell it as well as the wheat grains, but the stubble left behind can be thick.
“It is difficult to plant in thick stubble, and when the rain delayed wheat harvest, farmers are pushed (for time) to plant new crops (behind the wheat),” he said.
With time being important and farmers hurrying to prepare fields for new crops, “it is faster to burn than to harrow,” he said.
Burning the wheat stubble also helps control weeds and insects.
But burning off the fields can be dangerous, and safety measures need to be in place, Bulloch County Public Safety Director Ted Wynn said.
“Burning wheat fields can be very dangerous, but I understand the necessity,” he said. Usually farmers notify the Georgia Forestry Commission to obtain burn permits, and the forestry staff contacts Bulloch County 911 operators to let them know where the burning will take place.
Every time a field is burned, 911 operators “get one or two calls” from people asking about the clouds of smoke or reporting the possibility of a wildfire.
Sometimes land owners will also burn tracts of woodlands in what forestry rangers call “prescribed burns.”
Wendy Burnett, the public information director for the Georgia Forestry Commission, said these prescribed burns are essential to “reduce hazardous fuels” that will keep structures and other property from burning in case of a wildfire, to prepare woodland sites for planting seedlings, improve wildlife habitats, control insects and disease, and enhance appearance.
After a burn, land may be blackened for a time but “comes back really green,” she said.
Both she and Wynn stressed the importance of obtaining a burn permit before starting a fire of any kind. Permits may be obtained from the Georgia Forestry Commission’s Bulloch County office at (912) 681-5920.
Burning large areas of property can be dangerous, and Wynn recommends having enough people to help keep the flames under control and help if anyone ends up in the line of danger.
“Wheat stubble burns fast, and you wouldn’t want to become trapped,” he said.
A man in Ellabell died in 2010 when he was trapped by flames while burning off property.
Wynn said the area William DuBose, 67, of Walter Williams Road, was burning was not a wheat field, but just an area of winter overgrowth at his home near the Bulloch-Bryan county line.
At the time of the fire, authorities suspected DuBose’s clothing caught fire as he burned off his property.
Wynn said people who plan to burn off a wheat field or other tract should call the Bulloch County Public Safety office at (912) 489-1661 and report their plans, as well as get a burn permit from Georgia Forestry. That way, when the calls come in from curious or concerned residents, authorities will know what is causing the clouds of smoke and Bulloch County firefighters won’t respond to a situation the farmers and landowners have under control, he said.
Holli Deal Bragg may be reached at (912) 489-9414.
When thick black clouds of smoke billow up over the horizon, the reaction of some Bulloch County residents is to call 911. | https://www.statesboroherald.com/local/a-burning-issue/ |
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Zapata, Sebastian
Castaneda, Monica
Jimenez, Maritza
Aristizabal, Andrés Julián
Franco, Carlos J.
Dyner, Isaac
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Abstract
The power industry is changing worldwide from fossil-based energies to renewables, this trend has been mainly fostered by governments seeking to reach decarbonisation. In particular, renewable energies as solar and wind pose benefits and challenges on traditional power system, e.g., they are environmentally friendly but their intermittency and seasonality is a challenge for security of supply. Though, this is not obstacle for countries to produce almost 100% of its electricity from renewables, such is the case in Costa Rica, Paraguay and Iceland. In this context, and given multiple uncertainties tied to the spread of renewable energies, this paper uses a simulation model to analyse a scenario with 100% renewable energy supply. This paper concludes that for the Colombian case, a large hydroelectric component and its complementarity with solar and wind reduce prices and increase energy efficiency, while helping security of supply.
Link to resourcehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2018.10.008
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Respuesta Comentario Repositorio Expeditio
Gracias por tomarse el tiempo para darnos su opinión. | https://expeditiorepositorio.utadeo.edu.co/handle/20.500.12010/8853 |
Lead ion effect on creatine kinase: equilibrium and kinetic studies of inactivation and conformational changes.
The effects of lead ions on creatine kinase (CK) were studied by measuring activity changes, intrinsic fluorescence spectra and 8-anilo-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS)-binding fluorescence along with size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). Below 5 mM Pb(2+) concentration, there was nearly no change of the enzyme activity and a slight change of the ANS-binding fluorescence. The CK activity decreased significantly from 10 to 25 mM Pb(2+) concentrations. No residual activity was observed above 25 mM Pb(2+). The kinetic time courses of inactivity and unfolding were all mono-phase courses with the inactivation rate constants being greater than the unfolding rate constants for the same Pb(2+) concentration. The changes in fluorescence maximum and fluorescence intensity were relatively slow for 40-80 mM Pb(2+) as well as in the initial stage for less than 5 mM Pb(2+), showing that two transition states exist for Pb(2+) induced equilibrium-unfolding curves. The intrinsic fluorescence spectra and ANS-binding fluorescence measurements showed that even for high Pb(2+) concentrations, CK did not fully unfold. Additionally, the SEC results showed that the enzyme molecule still existed in an inactive dimeric state at 20 and 40 mM Pb(2+) solutions. All the results indicated the presence of at least one stable unfolding equilibrium intermediate of CK during Pb(2+) unfolding.
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Mercury detoxification by absorption, mercuric ion reductase, and exopolysaccharides: a comprehensive study.
Mercury (Hg), the environmental toxicant, is present in the soil, water, and air as it is substantially distributed throughout the environment. Being extremely toxic even at low concentration, its remediation is utterly important. Therefore, it is necessary to detoxify the contaminant within the acceptable limits before threatening the environment. Although various conventional methods are being used, irrespective of high cost, it produces intermediate toxic by-product too. Biological methods are eco-friendly, clean, greener, and safer for the remediation of heavy metals corresponding to the conventional remediation due to their economic and high-tech constraints. Bioremediation is now being used for Hg (II) removal, which involves biosorption and bioaccumulation mechanisms or both, also mercuric ion reductase, exopolysaccharide play significant role in detoxification of mercury by acting a potential instrument for the remediation of heavy metals. In this review paper, we shed light on problems caused by mercury pollution, mercury cycle, and its global scenario and detoxification approaches by biological methods and result found in the literature.
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Thornton City Council recently heard the results of a comprehensive survey of city residents conducted in the fall of 2020.
“I’m proud of the work done to ensure a high quality of life and improved safety in our City.” – Angie
The full report from the survey can be viewed by clicking this LINK.
View survey presentation HERE.
Some headlines from the report show:
- 83% of respondents expressing an opinion stated things were going in the right direction in the city. The survey company reports this is a very high number and makes Thornton a leading community when it comes to providing services and creating a great community to live in.
- Satisfaction ratings for the city of Thornton rated above the U.S. average in 17 of the 24 areas that were assessed. The city of Thornton rated significantly higher than the U.S. average (difference of 5% or more) in 15 of these areas.
- Public Safety. The highest levels of satisfaction with public safety, based upon the combined percentage of "very satisfied" and "satisfied" responses among residents who had an opinion, were: fire services (86%), police services (78%), and safety of neighborhoods during the day (78%). | https://angiebedolla.com/news.html |
Background
==========
The accurate regulation of the expression of genes into biological functions is essential for all living organisms. Coordinate regulation is necessary for the adaptation to different environmental conditions, for stress response, for development, for cell cycle control, and for many additional processes. Regulation can operate at various levels, from the initiation of transcription to posttranslational control of protein activity and beyond. While selected examples have been studied for decades, methods for the global analysis of gene expression have been developed more recently. Most widely used is the determination of transcript level changes using DNA microarrays. However, it has become more and more obvious that regulation of gene expression happens at all levels, and thus the post-transcriptional regulation should not be neglected in genome-wide studies of differential gene expression \[[@B1]-[@B3]\]. 2D gel electrophoresis is a well established global approach to analyze the steady state level of proteins in parallel. However, disadvantages are that only subproteomes can be studied (e.g. the cytoplasmic, membrane, or extracellular proteome), that the identity of every single spot has subsequently to be identified by mass spectrometry, and that proteins can be very stable and the presence of a protein does not necessarily mean that it is synthesized and needed under the conditions under investigation.
Therefore it would be better to determine translational efficiency more directly. One global approach was to predict the translational efficiencies of all *E. coli*genes using a neural network \[[@B4]\]. The bioinformatic analysis was based on the experimental determination of the reporter gene activities of 185 clones carrying randomized ribosome binding sites \[[@B5]\]. However, transcript levels were not determined but assumed to be identical in all cases. Another approach to quantify the protein production rate is the combination of pulse-labeling with 2D gel electrophoresis. Very few studies exist, but the protein production levels have not been correlated to the transcript levels \[[@B6],[@B7]\] and thus translational efficiencies could not be calculated.
Global methods for the determination of translational efficiencies and identification of translationally regulated genes typically are comprised of density gradient centrifugation of a cytoplasmic extract, resulting in the separation of mRNAs according to their ribosome association, followed by the comparison of RNA fractions using DNA microarrays \[[@B3],[@B8]-[@B11]\]. In a method called \"ribosome density profiling\", many fractions are collected and used to measure the exact ribosome density of each mRNA. The transcript levels in all fractions are compared to a common reference with DNA microarrays \[[@B12]\]. This method is extremely demanding in terms of costs, DNA microarrays, and time. An alternative is the comparison of combined fractions of a gradient containing either free, non-translated RNA or translated, polysome-bound RNAs \[[@B13]\]. For both approaches, the experiment has to be performed with two defined culture conditions to be able to discriminate mRNAs that are subject to differential regulation of translational efficiencies from mRNAs that have a constitutive low translation initiation efficiency. Most often, cultures are compared before and after the application of a stress condition, the addition of an inhibitor, etc.
While genome-wide studies of differential transcription and mRNA decay are already available for all three domains of life, global analyses of translational regulation have until now only been performed with three species of eukaryotes (*Saccharomyces cerevisiae*: \[[@B2],[@B12]-[@B16]\], *Arabidopsis thaliana*: \[[@B17]-[@B20]\], human cell cultures: \[[@B11],[@B21]-[@B23]\]). All these studies identified translationally regulated genes, their fractions varied from about 1% to 25%, in part exceeding and in part falling below the number of transcriptionally regulated genes. Some studies revealed that translational regulation was responsible for more than half of the detected protein synthesis rate changes \[[@B2]\], while other analyses rather indicated a specific translational inhibition of a defined set of genes containing specific regulatory elements \[[@B24]\].
While it is now well-established that a considerable fraction of eukaryotic genes is regulated on the translational level, it is generally assumed that the fraction of translationally regulated genes is much smaller in prokaryotes, which are thought to nearly exclusively use transcript level regulation. However, no global analysis of translational regulation was available for any prokaryotic species. Some specific genes have been characterized showing that translational regulation involving regulatory proteins or small non-coding RNAs does occur at least in bacteria \[[@B25]-[@B28]\].
Almost nothing is known about translational regulation in archaea. For some genes it has been found that the changes of mRNA levels and protein levels do not fit, and this had been taken as circumstantial evidence that translational regulation might exist also in the domain of archaea \[[@B29]\]. To clarify the occurrence and importance of translational regulation in archaea, genome-wide analyses of translational efficiencies were performed by comparing exponentially growing cells with stationary phase cells. Two haloarchaeal model species, *Halobacterium salinarum*and *Haloferax volcanii*\[[@B30]\], were used. This allowed to evaluate the evolutionary conservation of translational control in archaea. Furthermore, DNA microarrays were used to analyse growth phase-dependent transcript level regulation and determine whether the so-called potentiation of regulation (regulation of genes on both levels) exists in haloarchaea.
Results and Discussion
======================
Experimental approach for the identification of translationally regulated genes in two species of different haloarchaeal genera
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Translationally regulated genes are characterized by differential translational efficiencies of their transcripts under different conditions. We chose to compare exponentially growing and stationary phase cells to identify translationally regulated genes. Exponentially growing cultures were defined to have a cell density of 4 -- 5 × 10^8^cells/ml, about two to three cell divisions before they enter stationary phase. Stationary phase cultures were grown to the maximal cell density and incubated for another 24 hours before the cells were harvested. In both cases cytoplasmic extracts were fractionated using sucrose density gradients to separate free mRNA, which was not translated, from polysome-bound mRNA, which was actively translated at the time of cell disruption. Fig. [1A](#F1){ref-type="fig"} gives an overview of the experimental approach. Fig. [1B](#F1){ref-type="fig"} shows the RNAs that were present in the different fractions of a typical density gradient. The two top fractions and the bottom three fractions were pooled, respectively, and were used for RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, labelling with different fluorescent dyes, and comparison using DNA microarrays. To ensure a high fidelity of results, at least three biological replicates were performed. All transcripts with an at least twofold deviation from the average value of all genes under only one of the two growth conditions were assumed to be translationally regulated. It should be noted that only \"free\" and \"ribosome-bound\" transcripts have been quantified, but that growth phase-dependent differences in the number of ribosomes on translated transcripts could not be resolved. This would have required to divide the gradient into a higher number of fractions and the individual analysis of all fractions with DNA microarrays (\"ribosome density mapping\"). The translational efficiency is typically determined by the translation initiation rate, but for transcripts with rare codons at their 5\'-end can also be determined by the elongation rate \[[@B31]\]. Changes of one of these parameters without a concomitant alteration of the fraction of free transcripts would not have been noted. Therefore the results described below define the lower limit of translational regulation in haloarchaea.
{#F1}
Two different species, *H. salinarum*and *H. volcanii*, were used for the analysis, because we aimed to characterize the evolutionary conservation of translational regulation. All results have been deposited in the ArrayExpress database (accession numbers see Methods). For both species, the majority of protein-coding genes were found in the ribosome-bound fraction and thus were actively translated in the two growth phases, i.e. 70% of all *H. salinarum*genes and 65% of all *H. volcanii*genes. These values are similar to the results obtained with *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*. Up to 80% of all yeast genes were reported to be translated \[[@B32]\].
Genes with differential translational repression in *H. salinarum*
------------------------------------------------------------------
In *H. salinarum*, 21 genes were found to be at least twofold undertranslated in one growth phase, but not in the other (Table [1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). 14 of these genes exhibit a translational repression in exponential phase, while the translation of seven genes is repressed in stationary phase. The highest level of translational regulation was detected for the transcript encoding translation initiation factor aIF-1A (OE3470F), which has a 13-fold higher translational efficiency during exponential phase than during stationary phase. The initiation factor aIF-1A is conserved in all three domains of life and was shown to be essential both for *E. coli*and *S. cerevisiae*\[[@B33]\]. The eukaryotic homologue, eIF-1A, is important for ribosome-scanning and for initiation codon selection \[[@B34]\]. If the archaeal factor had the same function, a decrease of the aIF-1A concentration due to translational repression in stationary phase could be expected to lead to a general decrease in initiation rate at many or all transcripts. As the initiation step is rate limiting, this would lead to a general decrease in translational efficiency and thus potentiate the regulatory effect.
######
*H. salinarum*genes with a differential translational repression in exponential phase or in stationary phase^\*1^
Translational repression factor Transcript level
----------- ---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------ --- --------- ----- --- --------- ----- ---
OE4511R Hypothetical protein **9.0** 3.8 4 **1.2** 0.2 3 **0.1** 0.0 3
OE1119F dTDPglucose 4,6-dehydratase **4.7** 2 **1.2** 0.0 2 0
OE3538R Hypothetical protein **3.5** 2.0 4 **0.9** 0.1 2 **0.5** 0.1 2
OE3049R Hypothetical protein **2.7** 1.8 3 **1.2** 0.4 3 **1.3** 0.2 2
OE4187R Probable DNA-binding protein **2.6** 1.1 4 **1.4** 0.2 2 **0.2** 0.1 3
OE2082F Conserved hypothetical protein **2.5** 0.2 2 **1.1** 0.2 2 0
OE2024F Conserved hypothetical protein **2.4** 0.6 3 **1.1** 0.4 2 **0.7** 1
OE1114F Probable glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase GraD3 **2.4** 0.6 3 **1.3** 0.2 2 **1.5** 0.1 3
OE1982R Conserved hypothetical protein **2.2** 0.3 2 **1.0** 0.0 2 **1.5** 1
OE3090R Conserved hypothetical protein **2.2** 0.8 4 **1.1** 0.3 3 0
OE1222R tRNA adenylyltransferase, CCA-adding **2.2** 0.2 2 **1.1** 0.1 3 **2.3** 0.7 2
OE2021F Conserved hypothetical protein **2.1** 0.9 4 **1.0** 0.1 2 **0.8** 1
OE1385F Conserved hypothetical protein **2.1** 0.7 4 **1.0** 0.2 3 **0.9** 0.2 2
OE1147R Protein-L-isoaspartate O-methyltransferase PimT1 **2.0** 1.2 4 **1.0** 0.1 2 **1.1** 0.2 3
OE3470F Translation initiation factor aIF-1A **0.6** 0.2 4 **8.4** 6.1 3 **0.7** 0.1 3
OE1405R Conserved hypothetical protein **2.4** 0.9 4 **5.1** 0.2 3 **0.3** 0.0 3
OE1083R Probable transposase (ISH3/ISH27) **1.5** 0.4 4 **3.1** 1.1 2 **1.0** 0.3 3
OE5071F Protein kinase weak homolog **0.6** 0.3 4 **2.7** 0.1 3 0
OE7017R Probable transposase (ISH3/ISH27) **0.6** 0.2 4 **2.7** 0.4 3 **1.1** 0.2 3
OE3100F Bacterioopsin-linked protein Blp **0.6** 0.1 3 **2.5** 0.3 3 **3.2** 0.6 3
OE2433A1F Probable transposase (ISH3/ISH27) **1.0** 0.5 4 **2.3** 0.5 3 **1.5** 0.4 3
^\*1^All genes are tabulated which have a \"translational repression factor\" of ≥2 differentially in exponential phase (upper part) or in stationary phase (lower part). The translational repression factor is the quotient of free RNA to polysome-bound RNA (normalized to the average of all genes). If available, also the relative transcript levels of these genes are listed (quotient stationary phase/exponential phase). ORF numbers and gene products were taken from the genome website HaloLex \[62\]. The columns ∅, SD and n list average value, standard deviation and number of repetitions.
The biological reason for translational regulation of the other 20 genes is less clear. 10 of the genes are annotated to encode \"hypothetical proteins\". The association of their transcripts with polysomes in one growth phase strongly indicates that the proteins are produced during that phase and proves that the proteins are not \"hypothetical\". Three genes encode transposases for one family of insertion elements (ISH3/ISH27), indicating that transposition of members of this family is less efficient in stationary phase. The remaining seven genes belong to different functional categories.
Confirmation of microarray-based results of 14 genes using qRT-PCR
------------------------------------------------------------------
To confirm the results with an independent method, quantitative Realtime Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied. Eight of the 21 differentially regulated genes were chosen, five with a translational repression in the exponential phase and three that were undertranslated during stationary phase. As a control group, six genes were chosen arbitrarily which had average translational efficiencies in both growth phases. Three biological replicates were performed. All qRT-PCR curves were analyzed using the $2^{- \Delta\Delta\text{C}_{\text{T}}}$ method \[[@B35]\] and normalized to the average of the control group. In Table [2](#T2){ref-type="table"} the qRT-PCR results of all 14 genes are summarized and compared with the DNA-microarray results. In 13 of the 14 cases, the results obtained with both methods were in agreement. In three cases, the values obtained with DNA microarrays were higher than those obtained with qRT-PCR (Table [2](#T2){ref-type="table"}). In one case, qRT-PCR and DNA microarray analysis yielded deviating results (OE5071F). One theoretical explanation, i.e. cross-hybridization of other genes on the microarray, could be excluded because there are no similar sequences in the genome. The reason for the conflicting results with gene OE5071F could not be clarified.
######
Verification of DNA microarray-derived results with qRT-PCR^\*1^
Translational repression factor exp Translational repression factor stat
--------- ------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- --- --------- ----- --- ---------- ----- --- --------- ----- ---
OE2010R **1.2** 0.1 3 **1.0** 0.0 4 **1.2** 0.4 3 **1.0** 0.1 3
OE2055F **1.0** 0.1 3 **1.0** 0.2 4 **1.3** 0.1 3 **1.0** 0.1 3
OE2563R **0.8** 0.1 3 **1.0** 0.1 4 **0.7** 0.1 3 **1.0** 0.1 3
OE2595F **1.2** 0.1 3 **1.0** 0.2 4 **1.0** 0.1 3 **1.0** 0.1 3
OE3637R **0.7** 0.1 3 **1.0** 0.2 4 **0.9** 0.4 3 **1.0** 0.1 3
OE4674F **1.1** 0.1 2 **0.9** 0.1 4 **0.8** 0.2 3 **0.9** 0.0 3
OE4511R **45.4** 16.3 3 **9.0** 3.8 4 **12.7** 5.3 3 **1.2** 0.2 3
OE3538R **19.6** 2.9 3 **3.5** 2.0 4 **4.3** 1.4 3 **0.9** 0.1 2
OE4187R **8.7** 1.0 3 **2.6** 1.1 4 **6.4** 0.7 3 **1.4** 0.2 2
OE1119F **3.0** 1.0 3 **4.7** 2 **1.4** 0.2 3 **1.2** 0.0 2
OE3049R **2.2** 0.6 3 **2.7** 1.8 3 **1.6** 0.2 3 **1.2** 0.4 3
OE1405R **9.2** 1.2 3 **2.4** 0.9 4 **13.5** 4.9 3 **5.1** 0.2 3
OE3470F **1.9** 1.0 3 **0.6** 0.2 4 **7.4** 4.1 3 **8.4** 6.1 3
OE5071F **2.7** 0.6 3 **0.6** 0.3 4 **1.5** 0.3 3 **2.7** 0.1 3
^\*1^The relative levels of free mRNA and polysome-bound mRNA of selected genes were quantified by qRT-PCR in exponential phase (\"exp\") and stationary phase (\"stat\") cultures. The results for the 14 genes were normalized to the average values of six genes (upper part, OE2010R -- OE4674R) which were presumed to be not translationally regulated based on the DNA microarray results. For comparison, the DNA microarray results are also listed. ORF numbers were taken from the genome website HaloLex \[62\]. The columns ∅, SD and n list average value, standard deviation and number of repetitions.
The possibility of cross-hybridization was also an issue for the gene encoding the translation initiation factor discussed above (OE3470F), because the *H. salinarum*genome contains a second, orthologous gene (OE4136R), and both share a high sequence identity of 66%. However, the DNA microarray analysis as well as qRT-PCR both revealed that only one of the two transcripts is translationally regulated (OE3470F), while the other one (OE4136R) is translated with average efficiency in both growth phases (data not shown). In summary, the DNA microarray results could be confirmed with qRT-PCR in 13 out of 14 cases, and even very similar genes could be differentiated.
*H. salinarum*genes with growth phase-dependent above-average translational efficiency
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The microarray data were also analyzed with respect to genes with an above-average ribosome association. Genes were classified as growth phase dependent overtranslated if they showed an at least twofold below average level of free mRNA in one growth phase, but not in the other. This group is comprised of 394 different genes, equivalent to 20% of all genes analyzed (Table S1 -- Additional file [1](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). 393 of these genes have a differential above average translational efficiency in exponential phase, while only a single gene encoding a hypothetical protein is better translated in stationary phase (OE3542R). The genomic organization of this group of genes is striking. 69% of these genes (271) are located on the megaplasmids of *H. salinarum*, while only 21% of all analyzed genes are megaplasmid encoded. In total, 68% of all megaplasmid-encoded genes are translated at least twofold better and 90% are translated at least 1.5 fold better than average. This is in contrast to the genes localized on the chromosome. Only 8% of chromosomal genes are differentially translated with above-average efficiency.
171 of the 394 differentially translated genes are annotated as \"hypothetical proteins\", \"conserved hypothetical proteins\", or \"genes with no known function\" (Table S1). The differential translation of their transcripts proves that they are real genes and suggests that the encoded proteins are especially needed in exponential phase (OE3542R in stationary phase). Among the remaining 223 genes some functional categories are obviously enriched. Examples are 1) 33 genes involved in translation, including 27 ribosomal protein genes, 2) 13 genes for elements of the basal transcription machinery, including nine genes for TBP and TFB paralogs, 3) 21 genes for the chemotaxis machinery, including CheA, CheB, histidine kinases and haloarchaeal transducers, 4) 15 genes of the two gas vesicle gene clusters, and 5) 22 genes for transposases (Table S1). This non-random distribution prompted us to analyze the differential translational efficiencies of all *H. salinarum*genes as well as of the chromosomally encoded and of the megaplasmid encoded subfractions (Table [3](#T3){ref-type="table"}). Exponential phase overtranslation was found for all functional categories of genes localized on megaplasmids. In contrast, among the chromosomally localized genes differential overtranslation is confined to very few functional categories. All genes of the functional classes \"basal transcription apparatus\" (TC) and \"translation\" (TL) are on average at least twofold better translated in exponential than in stationary phase. A somewhat lower average exponential phase overtranslation was also detected for the functional classes \"chaperones\" (CHP), \"cellular processes\" (CP), \"signal transduction\" (SIG), and \"transposases and insertion elements\" (ISH). These genes encode fundamental cellular processes like transcription, translation, protein folding, cell cycle and cell division, all of which have a higher activity in exponentially growing than in stationary phase cells.
######
Growth phase-dependent translational regulation in different functional categories of the *H. salinarum*genome^\*1^
Whole genome Main chromosome Megaplasmids
--------- -------------- ----------------- -------------- --------- ----- ----- --------- ----- -----
**AA** **1.0** 0.5 72 **1.0** 0.4 68 **1.7** 0.7 4
**CE** **0.8** 0.3 2 **0.8** 0.3 2
**CHM** **0.7** 0.3 10 **0.7** 0.3 10
**CHP** **1.6** 0.8 3 **1.6** 0.8 3
**CHY** **1.4** 0.9 430 **0.9** 0.5 295 **2.3** 0.7 135
**CIM** **1.2** 0.7 40 **1.2** 0.7 40
**COM** **1.0** 0.5 57 **1.0** 0.5 57
**CP** **1.7** 0.8 26 **1.5** 0.8 20 **2.2** 0.3 6
**EM** **1.3** 0.7 39 **1.2** 0.7 37 **2.3** 0.5 2
**HY** **1.2** 0.8 349 **0.8** 0.3 255 **2.3** 0.7 94
**ISH** **1.9** 0.8 71 **1.1** 0.6 22 **2.3** 0.6 49
**LIP** **1.1** 0.6 33 **1.1** 0.4 32 **3.6** 1
**MIS** **1.3** 0.8 207 **1.1** 0.7 166 **2.1** 0.8 41
**MOT** **0.9** 0.2 6 **0.9** 0.2 6
**NOF** **1.1** 0.6 312 **0.9** 0.4 274 **2.4** 0.7 38
**NUM** **1.2** 0.9 39 **1.0** 0.7 37 **3.9** 0.2 2
**REG** **1.1** 0.6 11 **0.9** 0.3 8 **1.8** 0.8 3
**RMT** **0.8** 0.2 6 **0.8** 0.2 6
**RRR** **1.3** 0.8 33 **1.0** 0.6 26 **2.2** 0.7 7
**SEC** **1.2** 0.9 9 **1.2** 0.9 9
**SIG** **1.8** 1.0 53 **1.8** 1.1 49 **2.1** 0.4 4
**TC** **2.0** 0.9 26 **1.6** 1.0 14 **2.4** 0.6 12
**TL** **2.1** 1.8 76 **2.1** 1.9 75 **2.5** 1
**TP** **1.3** 0.8 103 **1.0** 0.5 81 **2.3** 0.7 22
^\*1^The average \"exponential phase induction factors\" for all genes of the different functional categories are listed for the whole genome, the main chromosome, and the megaplasmids. Functional categories and corresponding genes were taken from the genome website HaloLex \[62\]. The exponential phase induction factors were calculated by dividing the translational repression factors in stationary phase with the translational repression factors in exponential phase. In addition to the average values (∅), the standard deviations (SD) and the number of genes in the respective functional classes (n) are listed. If no value is given, the megaplasmids do not contain genes of the respective functional class. The functional classes are: AA-amino acid metabolism, CE-cell envelope, CHM-carbohydrate metabolism, CHP-chaperones, CHY-conserved hypothetical protein, CIM-central intermediary metabolism, COM-coenzyme metabolism, CP-cellular processes, EM-energy metabolism, HY-hypothetical protein, ISH-transposases and ISH-encoded proteins, LIP-lipid metabolism, MIS-miscellaneous, MOT-motility, NOF-no function assigned to experimentally identified protein, NUM-nucleotide metabolism, REG-gene regulation, RMT-RNA maturation, RRR-replication, repair, recombination, SEC-protein secretion, SIG-signal transduction, TC-transcription, TL-translation, TP-small molecule transport.
The high number of genes with coordinate differential regulation indicates that a common regulatory mechanism exists. It seems well possible that they bind a common positive or negative translational regulator and thus form a \"RNA regulon\", as has recently been proposed to exist in eukaryotes \[[@B36],[@B37]\]. An alternative explanation might be that the transcripts of this group of genes interact differently with elements of the basal translation initiation apparatus compared with the rest of genes. This would be analogous to the situation in *Arabidopsis thaliana*, where the translation initiation factor eIF3 is involved in the translational regulation of genes with specific 5\'-leader sequences \[[@B38]\].
*H. salinarum*genes with constitutive non-average translational efficiency
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No genes were found with at least twofold lower translational efficiency and no growth phase-dependent translational regulation. In contrast, 17 genes showed at least twofold higher translational efficiency both in exponential and in stationary phase (Table S2 -- Additional file [2](#S2){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Examples are *cctA*and *cctB*encoding the thermosome and genes for a superoxide dismutase, a heat shock protein, and three subunits of an AAA-type ATPase. There are two possible explanations for this pattern of translation. 1) The genes could have a constitutive above-average translational efficiency. This possibility is reinforced by the fact that some of them belong to the group of predicted highly expressed (PHX) genes suggested by Karlin et al. \[[@B39]\], which are characterized by an optimal codon usage. 2) The genes could be differentially regulated, but not in response to growth phase, but to an as yet unidentified stimulus.
Growth phase dependent transcript level regulation in *H. salinarum*
--------------------------------------------------------------------
To enable a comparison of translational control and transcript level regulation in *H. salinarum*, the transcriptomes of exponentially growing and stationary phase cultures have been analyzed. Again, the data were normalized to the average of all genes, easing the identification of genes with non-standard transcriptional patterns. 353 genes had an at least twofold different transcript level in exponential versus stationary phase, compared to the average transcript level. The results for these genes are listed in Table S3 (Additional file [3](#S3){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), which also includes gene names, functional categories, and the degree of translational control. The 353 genes correspond to 17% of the 2120 genes with good hybridization signals in at least two out of three biological replicates. This fraction of differentially regulated genes is slightly smaller than that in *E. coli*. 27% of all *E. coli*genes have at least twofold different transcript levels in exponential versus stationary phase \[[@B40]\].
The majority of regulated genes have elevated transcript levels in exponential phase (243 of 353, Table S3). There is no enrichment of plasmid genes in this group in contrast to the group of overtranslated genes discussed above. 76% of the genes with above-average transcript levels have a known function, a considerably higher value than the average value of 60%. This indicates that these genes are involved in biological functions that have been extensively studied in the past. The largest group belongs to the functional group of \"translation\" and is comprised of genes encoding 40 ribosomal proteins, three translation factors and one aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase. Only five ribosomal proteins were not found to have a more than twofold higher transcript level in exponential phase. Also the basal transcription machinery is differentially regulated (eight subunits of the RNA polymerase). This group also contains many genes encoding enzymes of the central metabolism, e.g. glucose degradation (6 genes), TCA cycle (5 genes), NADH dehydrogenase and electron transport (12 genes), and ATP-synthase (7 genes).
The genes with differentially induced transcript levels are enriched in genes that are also regulated on the translational level and thus show potentiation of the regulatory effects. 30% of the 243 genes with induced transcript levels in exponential phase are also overtranslated in exponential phase (average value 21%). The fraction of genes regulated on both levels is even more pronounced for highly regulated genes. Of the 61 genes with an at least fourfold transcript level induction in exponential phase, 39 are also translated with enhanced efficiency in exponential phase (Table S3). In some cases, interesting differences in regulatory strategies are obvious, e.g. the subunits of the RNA polymerase are regulated on the transcript level (and do not have differential translational control), while -- as mentioned above -- nine TBP and TFB paralogs were found to be translationally regulated (and are not regulated on the transcript level).
A smaller fraction of the genes have a differentially induced transcript level in stationary phase cells (110 of 353, Table S3). In contrast to the group of genes discussed above, this group of genes is not enriched in translationally induced genes. Among the genes with highest induction level are the subunits of the DMSO reductase, which is an alternative terminal oxidase under anaerobic conditions, and three subunits of an ABC transporter (sugar/glycerolphosphate-specific). Notably, this group of stationary phase-induced genes also includes several DNA repair proteins, two paralogs of the origin-binding Cdc6 protein, and two members of the \"structural maintenance of chromosomes\" (SMC) protein family. Induction of these genes underscores the importance to guarantee the integrity of chromosomal DNA in stationary phase. The remaining genes encode either proteins without a known function, or are scattered over various functional classes.
Translational regulation in *Haloferax volcanii*
------------------------------------------------
As one important aim was to address the evolutionary conservation of translational regulation, the analysis of non-average translational efficiencies in exponential and stationary phase was also performed with *Haloferax volcanii*. The genome of *H. volcanii*has been sequenced by TIGR, but the annotation has not been completed. Therefore a shotgun DNA microarray with a onefold coverage of the genome was used \[[@B41]\]. It is comprised of 2880 PCR products of an average length of 1.5 kbp. They have been sequenced from both ends and the encoded proteins have been deduced from BLAST searches against public databases. The clones contain full or partial sequences of one or two (in rare cases up to three) genes. The hybridization signals are thought to be dominated from the longest gene sequence of each clone. If the sequences of two genes have similar lengths in a specific clone, both are included in the results.
Genes with growth phase-dependent differential translational regulation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
A more than twofold differential repression was determined for 26 cloned genomic fragments and the results are summarized in Table [4](#T4){ref-type="table"}. This represents 1.4% of the 1866 clones that generated significant hybridization signals in at least two of the biological replicates. Three pairs of cloned sequences overlap, reducing the number of identified translationally repressed genes to 23. Nine transcripts are translationally repressed in exponential phase, including those of genes for transcriptional regulators and one paralog of the basal transcription initiation factor TFB, which could potentiate the regulatory effect. 14 transcripts were translationally repressed in stationary phase, including the *csg*transcript encoding the cell surface glycoprotein.
######
*H. volcanii*genes with a differential translational repression in exponential phase or in stationary phase^\*1^
Translational repression factor
-------- --------------------------------------------------------- ------ --------------------------------- ------ --- ---------- ------ ---
451B11 Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 365 **49.7** 56.0 3 **8.8** 2.9 3
431C4 Phage integrase-site-specific recombinase Xer 644 **17.5** 19.8 2 **1.9** 1.2 2
Conserved hypothetical protein 528
432A4 NAD dependent epimerase-dehydratase 770 **12.8** 5.6 4 **5.4** 2.9 3
439E12 Tfb2 -- transcription initiation factor IIB 590 **10.4** 9.0 3 **1.6** 0.3 2
435D7 Nitrate transporter NarK 606 **7.6** 3.8 4 **3.0** 1.1 3
431H5 Alpha amylase AglA 613 **5.4** 0.5 2 **2.4** 1.3 3
Nitrate transporter NarK 455
435A4 **4.7** 2.7 3 **1.4** 0.8 2
437B8 HoxA-like transcriptional regulator (Hrg) 578 **4.5** 0.1 2 **1.5** 0.3 3
Transcription regulator 413
453C11 Tfb2 -- transcription initiation factor IIB 335 **3.6** 0.3 2 **1.9** 0.9 3
451G12 Hypothetical protein 581 **2.5** 0.3 2 **0.9** 0.9 2
Conserved hypothetical protein 441
433F2 Glycosyltransferase 953 **2.3** 1.4 3 **0.5** 0.1 3
Stage V sporulation protein R-like (SpoVR) 593
435F2 CRISPR-associated protein, TM1814 family (Cas6) 222 **8.6** 3.5 4 **21.9** 12.7 3
432H1 Methyltransferase type 11 415 **5.0** 4.2 2 **13.1** 2.7 3
Hypothetical protein 362
Domain of unknown function (DUF309) family 232
443B4 Transposase (Tnp) 518 **4.5** 0.8 4 **7.9** 3.5 3
441F8 Tat pathway signal sequence domain protein 1008 **2.2** 0.1 3 **4.8** 2.6 3
459C3 Cell surface glycoprotein (Csg) 1167 **1.1** 0.3 4 **3.9** 2.0 3
445E9 **0.6** 0.4 2 **3.3** 0.2 2
433A10 Helicase family protein 1307 **1.1** 0.2 2 **3.3** 2.1 3
Hypothetical protein 431
441E1 DSBA-like thioredoxin domain protein 683 **1.3** 0.1 2 **2.8** 1.7 3
Ferredoxin like protein 377
Mut-nudix family protein 363
443C1 Ubiquinol oxidase subunit I, cyanide insensitive (CydA) 1391 **0.9** 0.1 3 **2.4** 1.1 3
431D10 Solute-binding periplasmic ABC transporter 1148 **1.0** 0.1 3 **2.3** 0.4 2
ABC transporter, permease protein 475
452E1 Ferrichrome-binding protein 848 **1.2** 0.3 4 **2.3** 0.6 3
451E8 Ribonuclease HII (RnhB) 579 **1.1** 0.5 4 **2.2** 0.7 3
Preprotein-export translocase chain SecD 408
460F5 Preprotein-export translocase chain SecD 988 **1.2** 0.6 3 **2.2** 0.2 3
440D1 Conserved hypothetical protein 992 **1.0** 0.1 3 **2.0** 0.0 2
444G9 Conserved hypothetical protein 1120 **0.5** 0.1 3 **2.0** 0.4 3
Fibronectin type III domain protein 408
^\*1^All genes are tabulated which have a \"translational repression factor\" of ≥2 differentially in exponential phase (upper part) or in stationary phase (lower part). The translational repression factor is the quotient of free RNA to polysome-bound RNA (normalized to the average of all genes). The identifier is the clone designation in the onefold coverage genome library used to generate the shotgun DNA microarray \[41\]. The \"putative functions\" are derived from blast searches against public databases. The \"length\" is the partial or total length of the gene which is present in the respective clone. The columns ∅, SD and n list average value, standard deviation and number of biological replicates included in the analysis.
4.2% of *H. volcanii*genes were translated with at least twofold elevated translational efficiency in one of the two growth phases (79 clones, Table S4 -- Additional file [4](#S4){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). In contrast to *H. salinarum*, the *H. volcanii*genes of this group are evenly distributed on the chromosome and the megaplasmids (21% of the regulated genes and 25% of all predicted ORFs are megaplasmid encoded) and no functional category is over-represented. If overlapping clones are taken into account, the 79 clones represent 71 different genes. Of these, 65 are overtranslated in exponential phase and 6 in stationary phase. Exponential phase overtranslated genes include genes for a paralog of a basal transcription initiation factor, several transcription regulators, and one translation initiation factor, which could potentiate the regulatory effect.
*H. volcanii*genes with constitutive non-average translational efficiency
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87 clones contain genes with an at least twofold elevated translational efficiency in both growth phases (Table S5 -- Additional file [5](#S5){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). If overlapping clones are taken into account, the clones represent 58 different genes. Several of these genes belong to the \"predicted highly expressed\" genes \[[@B39]\], and examples of the encoded products are ribosomal proteins, RNA polymerase subunits, stress proteins, and a Cdc48 homologue. The biological function of the high translational efficiencies of the remaining genes, which represent different functional categories, is less clear.
28 clones contain genes with a constitutive more than twofold below-average translational efficiency, a category that is totally absent in *H. salinarum*. Virtually all of these genes encode hypothetical proteins or transposases. It might well be that the translational efficiency of these genes is not regulated in response to growth phase, but that another stimulus is needed for the induction of translation, e.g. specific stress conditions.
Evolutionary conservation of translational regulation
-----------------------------------------------------
Characterization of translational control in *H. salinarum*and *H. volcanii*has revealed that the fraction of regulated genes in both haloarchaeal species is much higher than anticipated for prokaryotes until now. In total, more than 400 genes and more than 100 genes are translated with differential efficiency in exponential phase compared to stationary phase cells in *H. salinarum*and *H. volcanii*, respectively. Therefore the fact that translational control constitutes a non-negligible part of the regulation of gene expression is shared by both species.
However, all other aspects are remarkably dissimilar: 1) the different groups of co-regulated genes have very different sizes. The fractions of all translationally-regulated groups of genes are compared in Figure [2](#F2){ref-type="fig"}, which illustrates the differences in both species, 2) the above-average translational efficiency of plasmid-encoded genes is only found in *H. salinarum*, 3) the group of genes with under-average translational efficiency in both growth phases is only found in *H. volcanii*, 4) most importantly, there is no overlap of genes that are regulated identically in both species.
{#F2}
These differences cannot easily be rationalized. Two very different types of DNA microarrays were used, but this could not have been the reason. The shotgun DNA microarray of *H. volcanii*was used in several studies and has generated very specific and biologically meaningful results, e.g. comparison of glucose-dependent versus amino acid-dependent metabolism \[[@B41]\], identification of genes involved in xylose catabolism (unpublished data), characterization of a regulon (Dambeck M, Soppa J: Characterization of the biological role of IftA (important for transition), a *Haloferax volcanii*member of the enolase superfamily, in preparation), and identification of a tryptophane-regulated promoter \[[@B42]\]. Characterization of translational regulation in eukaryotes revealed that -- depending on the experimental conditions -- very different sets of genes can be regulated even in the same species, e.g. in *S. cerevisiae*during amino acid starvation and after fusel alcohol addition (see below) \[[@B16]\]. However, in the present study the conditions were kept as identical as possible. Both species grew under aerobic conditions in complex medium with nearly identical growth rates with doubling times of about four hours. In both species mid-exponential cultures (4 × 10^8^cells/ml) were compared to cultures that had been cultivated in stationary phase (3 × 10^9^cells/ml) for 24 hours. Therefore, the only explanation seems to be that there is no evolutionary conservation of the identity of translationally regulated genes in these two haloarchaeal species of different genera. The different sets of growth phase-regulated genes add to the previously known differences of *H. salinarum*and *H. volcanii*. In short, *H. salinarum*is a rod-shaped flagellated archaeon with an optimal salt concentration of over 4 M NaCl. It can grow by aerobic respiration, arginine fermentation and phototrophically using bacteriorhodopsin. It can orient its swimming motility by chemotaxis, phototaxis and aerotaxis and, in addition, it can produce gas vesicles. In contrast, *H. volcanii*is a pleiomorphic archaeon with an optimal salt concentration of about 2.2 M NaCl. It can grow by aerobic and by nitrate respiration. It does not contain retinal proteins and does not produce flagella or gas vesicles.
A comparison whether translational control is conserved in other prokaryotic species is not possible, because no data are available for any other archaeal or for any bacterial species. However, several studies have been performed with three different species of eukaryotes, i.e. *S. cerevisiae, Arabidopsis thaliana*, and human cell lines \[[@B2],[@B11]-[@B23]\]. The reported extent of translational regulation varies widely, from about 1% to about 25% of all expressed genes. Low fractions of translationally regulated genes were reported e.g. for *S. cerevisae*transferred from a fermentable to a nonfermentable carbon source \[[@B14]\] or *A. thaliana*starved for sucrose \[[@B20]\]. High fractions of translationally regulated genes were reported e.g. for *S. cerevisiae*treated with rapamycin \[[@B12]\] or *A. thaliana*during dehydration stress \[[@B19]\]. Quantitative comparisons between the different studies are not easy, because species, stimuli, experimental methods and data handling vary. However, it is clear that the applied stimulus can have tremendous influence on differential translational control. One example is the comparison of the effects of amino acid starvation and the addition of fusel alcohol to *S. cerevisiae*\[[@B16]\]. Although both treatments are thought to target translation initiation factor eIF-2B, 615 genes changed translational efficiencies after the former treatment, while only 167 genes were effected after the latter. Moreover, the two groups of genes were nearly mutually exclusive.
Even if comparisons of the results obtained with eukaryotes is hampered by the small number of species and the variability of conditions and experimental approaches, the available data do not indicate evolutionary conservation of translationally regulated genes among eukaryotes. This is in congruence with the lack of conservation of growth phase-regulated genes in two haloarchaeal species revealed in this study. Taken together, the results indicate that either translational regulation was added to the inventory for regulating gene expression late in evolution, or that the mechanism evolved early, but that the identity of translationally regulated genes and the level at which each gene is regulated are readily exchanged.
Extent of transcriptional control, translational control, and potentiation
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In total 17% of all expressed genes of *H. salinarum*have different transcript levels in exponential phase compared to stationary phase. The fraction of translationally regulated genes is even higher with a value of nearly 22%. If the large group of plasmid genes is subtracted as possibly exceptional, a value of 8% remains. But even this value is much higher than anticipated and it indicates that transcriptional and translational control are of similar importance for *H. salinarum*.
A comparison with bacteria is not possible, but several studies with eukaryotes have been performed. Similar fractions of transcriptionally and translationally regulated genes were found during stress response of yeast \[[@B16]\] and sucrose starvation of *Arabidopsis thaliana*\[[@B20]\]. Two further studies detected even more translationally than transcriptionally regulated genes, i.e. in oxygen-deprived *A. thaliana*seedlings \[[@B17]\] and in irradiated human cell lines \[[@B22]\]. Taken together, comparison of our new results with previous studies challenges the current view that the relative importance of transcriptional and translational regulation is very different in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
The fraction of genes that is simultaneously regulated on the transcriptional and the translational level, which was called \"potentiation\" of regulation, seems to be specific for the species as well as for the stimulus used. A very good correlation with up to about 50% co-ordinately regulated genes occurred after heat shock, rapamycin treatment, and amino acid starvation of *S. cerevisiae*\[[@B12],[@B14]\]. In contrast, a low level or no potentiation was detected after butanol-treatment of *S. cerevisiae*, rapamycin treatment and irradiation of human cells \[[@B16],[@B21],[@B22]\]. The results of *H. salinarum*are between these extremes. Coordinate changes of transcription and translation were detected for about 70 genes characterized by above-average transcript levels and translational efficiencies during exponential phase.
Possible mechanisms of translational control
--------------------------------------------
The different groups of translationally regulated genes are of very different size, e.g. 393 genes are differentially overtranslated and five are differentially undertranslated in exponential phase in *H. salinarum*. This indicates that several mechanisms -- more general and more gene-specific -- might operate in haloarchaea. In eukaryotes both types of mechanisms have been characterized. Many general initiation factors are involved in translation initiation, and their concentration or posttranslational modification can influence translational efficiencies of many genes \[[@B43],[@B44]\]. In contrast, translational efficiencies of small groups of genes can be regulated by gene-specific regulatory proteins, which have specific binding sites in the 3\'-UTRs or the 5\'-UTRs of the respective transcripts \[[@B45]-[@B47]\]. In bacteria evidence is accumulating that small non-coding RNAs are involved in translational regulation \[[@B28],[@B48]\].
Archaea share some of the translation initiation factors with eukaryotes \[[@B33]\] and harbor small non-coding RNAs \[[@B49]\], but molecular mechanisms of translational regulation have not been investigated. It has been proposed that archaea have two different classes of transcripts, i.e. transcripts with 5\'-UTRs and leaderless transcripts, and that two different mechanisms of translation initiation exist \[[@B50]\]. Determination of the 5\'-ends and 3\'-ends of 40 haloarchaeal transcripts revealed that most of them are leaderless and that leadered transcripts with and without a Shine-Dalgarno sequence exist \[[@B51]\]. Several of the translationally regulated transcripts were found to lack a 5\'-UTR, indicating that the 3\'-UTR might be involved in regulation. A reporter gene system was established that permits to study the *in vivo*function of 5\'-UTRs and 3\'-UTRs \[[@B51]\], an *in vitro*translation system was established \[[@B52]\], and the generation of *in frame*deletion mutants is easily possible \[[@B53],[@B54]\]. These methods will be applied to unravel the molecular mechanisms of translational regulation of the different groups of co-regulated genes described above, and to reveal whether principles known from eukaryotes or bacteria operate, or whether archaea-specific mechanisms have evolved.
Conclusion
==========
Global analysis of growth phase-dependent translational regulation in two haloarchaeal species revealed that the fraction of differentially regulated genes is much higher than anticipated for prokaryotes and is as high as had been detected in eukaryotes. There is only a small overlap between the translationally regulated genes of the two species, indicating a lack of phylogenetic conservation, again in congruence with the results obtained with three eukaryotic species. The large number of co-regulated genes indicates that \"translational regulons\" of transcripts exist which bind a common regulatory protein. The fraction of genes with growth phase-dependent differential regulation of the transcript level is in the same range as the translationally regulated genes. About 70 genes are regulated on both levels (potentiation of regulation), but the most genes are regulated by either of the two mechanisms.
Methods
=======
Strains, media and culture conditions
-------------------------------------
*H. salinarum*(German culture collection strains DSMZ670 and DSMZ671) was grown in complex medium as described previously \[[@B55]\]. Growth phase-dependent translational and transcriptional regulation was studied with DSMZ670. DSMZ671 is a gas vesicle-negative derivative of DSMZ670. It had been used for genome sequencing (Pfeiffer F, Schuster SC, Broicher A, Falb M, Palm P, Rodewald K, Ruepp A, Soppa J, Tittor J, Oesterhelt D: Evolution in the laboratory: the genome of *Halobacterium salinarum*strain R1 as compared to strain NRC-1, Genomics, in press) and was therefore used for construction of the DNA microarray. *H. volcanii*WR340 \[[@B56]\] was kindly provided by Moshe Mevarech (Tel Aviv University, Israel) and was grown in complex medium according to Cline et al. \[[@B57]\]. Both species were cultivated aerobically at 42°C and 250 rpm, resulting in doubling times of 4 h.
Isolation of free and polysome-bound RNAs
-----------------------------------------
\"Exponential phase\" cultures were grown to a cell density of 5 × 10^8^cells/ml, and \"stationary phase\" cultures were incubated further 24 hours after onset of stationary phase. 200 ml of *H. salinarum*culture or 400 ml of *H. volcanii*culture were collected by centrifugation (15 min, 8000 *g*) and resuspended in buffer A (100 mM magnesium acetate, 10 mM HEPES pH 7.6, 3.4 M KCl for *H. salinarum*and 2.5 M KCl for *H. volcanii*). Cells were disrupted by sonication (3 × 30 s, output control 3, duty cycle 50%, Branson Sonifier 250), and the DNA was degraded by addition of 20 μl RNase-free DNase (RQ1 DNase, Promega, Mannheim, Germany) for 15 min at room temperature. 0.5 ml aliquots were laid on top of sucrose gradients consisting of 2 ml 50% (wt/vol) nuclease-free D-sucrose (Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany) at the bottom and a 9.5 ml gradient of 15% (w/v) to 40% (w/v) in buffer A. Centrifugation was for 16 h at 82000 *g*using a SW 40 Ti rotor (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, USA). The gradients were divided into eight fractions of 1.5 ml. Initial small scale RNA isolation and analytical agarose gel electrophoreses were used to identify the positions of free RNA, small and large ribosomal subunits, and polysomes. The two fractions from the top were used to isolate free RNA, and the three bottom fractions to isolate polysome-bound RNAs.
RNA isolation
-------------
For RNA isolation from sucrose gradients, corresponding fractions from four tubes were combinded and filled up to 9 ml with RNase-free water. RNA isolation was performed essentially as described \[[@B58],[@B59]\]. Phenol chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation were performed according to Gauthier et al. \[[@B59]\] except for different centrifugation conditions (15 min 3000 *g*and 30 min 48000 *g*). The RNA was suspended in 150 μl RNase free water. It was further purified with the RNeasy Midi kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) following the manufacturer\'s instructions for RNA clean-up including DNase on column treatment. RNA concentration was determined photometrically, and its integrity was checked using denaturing formaldehyde gels \[[@B60]\].
For transcriptome analysis, RNA was isolated using the Qiagen RNeasy system (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) with DNase on column treatment according to the manufacturer\'s instructions. For exponential phase cells, the Mini kit was used to isolate RNA from 1 × 10^9^cells, and for stationary phase cells, the Midi kit was used to isolate RNA from 1 × 10^10^cells.
Isolation of genomic DNA from *H. salinarum*
--------------------------------------------
Genomic DNA of *H. salinarum*was needed as template for PCR reactions to produce the DNA microarray. It was isolated essentially as described \[[@B61]\]. 10 ml of an exponentially growing culture was centrifuged (15 min, 4000 *g*) and the cells were resuspended in 300 μl basal salts (medium without carbon source). They were lysed by the addition of 2.5 ml lysis buffer (100 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris pH 8.0, 1 mM EDTA, 0.05% (wt/vol) SDS). The lysate was overlaid with 3 ml ethanol and the precipitated DNA at the interphase was spooled onto a bended Pasteur pipette. The DNA was washed twice with ethanol and once with ether, dried and dissolved in TE (10 mM Tris pH 7.2, 1 mM EDTA).
Production of DNA microarrays
-----------------------------
The genome sequence of *H. volcanii*ist still not published, therefore production of a gene-specific DNA microarray was not possible. Production of a shotgun onefold-coverage DNA microarray for *H. volcanii*has been described previously \[[@B41]\]. It is comprised of 2880 cloned genome fragments of an average size of about 1.5 kbp. In the course of this project all clones were sequenced from both ends using standard methods, and the encoded proteins were identified by BLAST searches against public databases.
Some time ago the genome sequence of *H. salinarum*was completed \[[@B62]\] (Pfeiffer F, Schuster SC, Broicher A, Falb M, Palm P, Rodewald K, Ruepp A, Soppa J, Tittor J, Oesterhelt D: Evolution in the laboratory: the genome of *Halobacterium salinarum*strain R1 as compared to strain NRC-1, Genomics, in press) and enabled the generation of a gene-specific DNA microarray. For each gene, primers for PCR amplifications were designed with the software PrimeArray \[[@B63]\], using the following criteria: all primers had annealing temperatures of 70°C -- 72°C, the PCR products were 300 bp to 500 bp in length, and sequence similarities to other parts of the genome apart of the target gene were minimized. The primers were obtained from Metabion (Munich, Germany). The PCR amplifications were performed in 96 well plates with 100 μl volume using HotStar*Taq*, buffer, and \"Q solution\" according to the manufacturer\'s instructions (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). 200 ng genomic DNA of *H. salinarum*were included as template, the concentration for each primer was 0.5 μM, the dNTP concentrations were adjusted to the GC content of the genome (160 μM for dATP and dTTP and 240 μM for dCTP and dGTP). The PCR was conducted with 15 min initial denaturation at 95°C followed by 25 cycles of 1 min at 96°C, 30 sec at 55°C and 50 sec at 72°C followed by a final extension of 7 min at 72°C. The PCR products were checked by analytical agarose gel electrophoresis. The efficiency of PCR product generation of the 2530 genes was \>95%. The PCR products were transferred to V-shaped 96 well plates and precipitated as described \[[@B41]\]. The DNA microarray was produced with a MicrogridII spotter (Genomic Solutions, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) as described for *H. volcanii*\[[@B41]\].
DNA microarray analysis
-----------------------
RNA was isolated as described above and reverse transcribed into Cy3- or Cy5-labelled cDNA using random hexamer primers and M-MLV reverse transcriptase RNase H minus (Promega, Mannheim, Germany). cDNA generation and its preparation for hybridization were performed as described before \[[@B41]\] For the analyses of translational regulation, equal amounts of \"free\" and \"ribosome-bound\" RNA (10--20 μg each) were labelled. Dye-swap experiments were included to exclude effects of disproportionate incorporation of Cy3- or Cy5-dUTP.
For the analysis of transcript levels, initial experiments showed that the use of equal amounts of \"exponential phase\" RNA and \"stationary phase\" RNA samples led to a general under-representation of the stationary phase signals. Obviously the mRNA content of the total RNA used for cDNA generation is lower in stationary phase RNA. Therefore, 45 μg stationary phase RNA and 15 μg exponential phase RNA were used for reverse transcription and labelling.
Prehybridization of the microarrays, hybridization of the combined Cy3- and Cy5-labelled cDNA, and posthybridization processing was performed as described previously \[[@B41]\]. The hybridization temperatures were 68°C for *H. salinarum*and 64°C for *H. volcanii*, respectively.
Data acquisition, data normalization and data analysis
------------------------------------------------------
Cy3- and Cy5-fluorescence intensities were acquired using a GenePix 4000A laser scanner (Axon Inc., Union City, USA) basically as described before \[[@B41]\]. The raw fluorescence data were processed with the software GenePixPro 3.0 (Axon Inc.). The further data analyses were performed using the spreadsheet software MS Excel (Microsoft, Redmond, USA). First, all spots were removed that did not meet the following criteria: 1) signal to noise ratio of at least 3 for the red or green fluorescence, 2) a fluorescence intensity of at least 100 (translational control) or 500 (transcriptional control) for at least one colour, and 3) flagged \"good\" by the spot finding software. If only fluorescence for the free RNA fraction could be detected, the quotient free to ribosomal was set to ∞ and this result was taken as a strong hint at a translational repression. As no internal standardization is possible in an experiment using density gradient fractions, these data were then normalized to the average of all evaluable data points. Then average values were calculated from the biological replicates. Only genes with results from at least two replicates were further analyzed. Genes were considered undertranslated or overtranslated if they deviated from the average by ≥2 or ≤0.5 in at least one growth phase (on average and in at least two single measurements).
Database submission
-------------------
All DNA microarray results have been submitted to the ArrayExpress database and obtained the following accession numbers: determination of differential translational efficiencies and transcript levels of *H. salinarum*-- E-MEXP-1180; determination of differential translational efficiencies of *H. volcanii*-- E-MEXP-1191.
Quantitative Realtime RT PCR
----------------------------
RNA was isolated as described above. Reverse transcription of 2 μg RNA was carried out with 400 U M-MLV reverse transcriptase RNase H minus (Promega, Mannheim, Germany) and 0.6 μg random hexamer primers (Sigma, Steinheim, Germany) in 40 μl 1× reaction buffer (Promega) in the presence of 0.2 mM dATP and dTTP as well as 0.3 mM dCTP and dGTP. Prior to enzyme addition, the reaction mix was heated for 10 min to 65°C and cooled on ice for 2 min. After reverse transcriptase addition, the reaction was performed for 1 h at 42°C. Then, additional 200 U reverse transcriptase were added and the incubation was continued for 1 h. Finally the reaction was heat inactivated for 5 min at 80°C.
The quantitative Realtime PCR was performed in a RotorGene 3000 (Corbett Research, Melbourne, Australia) in a volume of 25 μl with DyNAmo SYBR Green qPCR Mastermix (Finnzymes Oy, Espoo, Finland), 0.4 μM each forward and reverse primer (biomers.net, Ulm, Germany; sequences see Table S6 -- Additional file [6](#S6){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) and cDNA in an appropriate dilution (usually 0.5 μl) as template. Controls without template and controls without RT reactions were included. Average data for the genes OE2010R, OE2055F, OE2563R, OE2595F, OE3637R and OE4674F, which had been found to be unregulated using the microarrays, were used for normalization of the results. The PCR consisted of 10 min initial denaturation at 94°C, at least 50 cycles of 30 sec 94°C, 45 sec 60°C (OE1405R, OE3470F, OE4136R: 68°C), 30 sec 72°C and a final extension for 5 min at 72°C. A subsequent melting point analysis was performed to check the uniformity of the product. Data analysis was conducted with the RotorGene 6.0 software (Corbett Research). Relative levels of \"free\" mRNA to \"polysome-bound\" mRNA were calculated according to the $2^{- \Delta\Delta\text{C}_{\text{T}}}$ method \[[@B35]\], first normalizing the C~T~of each RNA fraction to the average C~T~of the presumed unregulated genes (see above), and then setting the amount of \"polysome-bound\" RNA to 1. Three biological replicates were performed for each gene.
Authors\' contributions
=======================
AZ, CL and MH performed the global study of translational regulation. CL performed the global transcriptome analysis and the Quantitative Realtime RT PCR. AZ, JT, GR, SCS, DO, and JS cooperated in the development of *H. salinarum*microarrays. SCS sequenced the 2880 PCR products comprising the *H. volcanii*DNA microarray. AZ established the microarray techniques. JS designed research. CL and JS wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Supplementary Material
======================
###### Additional file 1
*H. salinarum*genes with growth phase-dependent above-average translational efficiencies
######
Click here for file
###### Additional file 2
*H. salinarum*genes with constitutive non-average translational efficiency
######
Click here for file
###### Additional file 3
Growth phase dependent transcriptional regulation in *Hb. salinarum*
######
Click here for file
###### Additional file 4
*H. volcanii*genes with growth phase-dependent above-average translational efficiency
######
Click here for file
###### Additional file 5
*H. volcanii*genes with constitutive non-average translational efficiency
######
Click here for file
###### Additional file 6
Oligonucleotides used in the quantitative Realtime PCR analysis
######
Click here for file
Acknowledgements
================
This work was supported by the DFG through grants SO264/9 and project B6 in the framework of the special research program SFB 579 \"RNA ligand interactions\".
| |
Pages tagged "Koalas"
Koala endangered listing must push NSW Government to protect habitat
Today’s announcement that koalas will be finally listed as Endangered under the Biodiversity Conservation Act is a huge wake up call for protecting koala habitat in New South Wales.
“The devastating endangered listing of koalas comes as no surprise in a state where the government refuses to protect habitat. Koala numbers have been in freefall for years and the NSW Government must act immediately to protect their habitat” Nature Conservation Council Deputy Chief Executive Jacqui Mumford said.
"The reality is koalas are dwindling across New South Wales and we don’t have a proper mechanism to protect their habitat.”
“If you want to save koalas you have to protect their trees. It is not complex. But koala habitat continues to be destroyed because of weak government policy that prioritises land clearance for grazing, agriculture, urbanisation, timber harvesting and mining.”
“The recently released NSW Koala Strategy was inadequate for protecting the species and we are seriously lacking a state-wide mechanism to bring this iconic species back to a healthy population. Any party looking to lead NSW into the future needs to have this as a commitment.”
“We are calling on the NSW Government to immediately:
- Ban the destruction of koala habitat, on both public and private land;
- End native forest logging; and
- Expand the National Parks estate to protect high quality koala habitat including the proposed Great Koala National Park”
The NSW Threatened Species Scientific Committee found:
“Human activities including deforestation and land clearance for grazing, agriculture, urbanisation, timber harvesting, mining and other activities have resulted in loss, fragmentation and degradation of koala habitats” (page 3)
“Large areas of forest and woodland within the koala’s range were cleared between 2000 and 2017 (Ward et al. 2019) with clearing for grazing accounting for most of this loss of koala habitat”. “Land clearing continues to impact habitat across the koala’s range” (page 3)
“Clearing of native vegetation’ is listed as a Key Threatening Process under the Act.” (page 4)
“Modelled climatic suitability from 2010 to 2030 indicates a 38-52% reduction in available habitat for the koala and a 62% reduction in koala habitat by 2070 has been forecast” (page 4)
“... it is facing a very high risk of extinction in the near future...” (page 5)
Government fails to rule out burning native forest for electricity
The Nature Conservation Council is deeply disappointed that the NSW Government hasn't done more to plug loopholes and shut down attempts to marketise our native forests in its response to the Sustainability of energy supply and resources in NSW inquiry.
Jacqui Mumford, Deputy Chief Executive of NCC: “The NSW Government has missed an opportunity to provide additional protections to our increasingly vulnerable native forests, and the wildlife they support.
“Burning trees for electricity is backwards; it destroys habitat for NSW’s iconic species and is dirty, costly and unnecessary.
“When the government says that only native forest residues are allowed to be woodchipped and burnt to generate electricity, they don't say that this can include entire trees.i
“Proposed projects such as the Verdant Biomass Power Station in Singleton, if approved, will create a market for bulldozing smaller and wonky trees that should be left standing in the forest to provide critical habitat to koalas and other species.”
The Verdant Biomass Power Station in Singleton could burn 850,000 tonnes of biomass per year, sourced within 300km of the Singleton. It could see a massive increase in native forest logging on the north coast of NSW, if the Perrottet government neglects to amend the definition of wood residues.
“This report comes only a week after the koala was uplisted to endangered, and was a real opportunity to take a step in the right direction.
“This Inquiry made it clear that the Protection of the Environment Operations (General) Regulation 2009 must be amended to close loopholes that allow native forests to be woodchipped and burnt for electricity. The Government has ignored the advice of experts.”
Talk to your MP about koala protection
Koalas have now been listed endangered by the federal government. We need to the state government to also list the koala as endangered and implement strong protection for koala habitat.
Over the last few years the National Party has been the most threatening predator of koalas — allowing more land clearing and blocking action to protect koalas and their habitat. That's why it is vital that Australians talk to their local MP and ensure they know that their constituents are appalled that koalas are heading towards extinction and that real action needs to be taken to protect koalas and their habitat.
Sign up to talk to your local MP about koala protection. We will link you up with others in your community, help organise the meeting and provide you with material to help the conversation.Become a volunteer
Koala endangered listing must compel NSW Government to act
Today’s announcement that koalas will be finally listed as Endangered under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act is a huge wake up call for protecting koala habitat in New South Wales.
“The endangered listing of koalas is a devastating reflection of the reality for koalas in Australia. Koala numbers have been in freefall thanks to habitat destruction. The NSW Government should follow suit and list koalas as endangered under the Biodiversity Conservation Act” Nature Conservation Council Chief Executive Chris Gambian said.
“The Commonwealth finally acknowledging that koalas are endangered is good news, and should now prompt NSW to follow suit so that they can be properly managed, starting with protecting habitat”
“If you want to save koalas you have to protect their trees. It is not complex. But koala habitat continues to be destroyed because of weak government policy at both state and federal levels.”
“The infamous koala wars of 2020 has now seen the New South Wales Government sit on its hands while this iconic species has been in decline. It’s time they resolved the impasse on land clearing and private native forestry codes and properly protect habitat”
“The NSW Koala strategy expired on 30 June last year and we are yet to see a new one. There are many opportunities for the NSW Government to drastically improve how koala habitat is managed in this state’
“We are calling on the NSW Government to immediately:
- Ban the destruction of koala habitat, on both public and private land;
- End native forest logging; and
- Expand the National Parks estate to protect high quality koala habitat including the proposed Great Koala National Park”
Christmas comes early for Port Macquarie koala colony
Koala lovers are celebrating today after almost 200 hectares of prime habitat near Port Macquarie were put beyond the reach of property developers.
NSW Environment Minister Matt Kean announced this morning the government, with a $3.5 million contribution from Koala Conservation Australia, had bought a 194ha block of forest next to Lake Innes Nature Reserve.
The purchase follows a long community campaign to conserve one of the best unprotected patches of koala habitat left in the district.
“This is a great victory for the community and for the region’s koalas,” Nature Conservation Council Acting Chief Executive Jacqui Mumford said.
“While it is a relatively small patch, it will make a significant addition to the existing nature reserve and improves the chances that koalas will persist in the area for many years to come.
“Koala Conservation Australia has done an amazing job raising more than $3 million to ensure this land does not end up in the hands of developers who have destroyed huge areas of koala habitat around Port Macquarie.
“It is a pity the public had to chip in to protect this land when people expect their taxes to be used to ensure the long-term survival of the species.
“But putting that aside, today is a great result for our most loved species.”
Ms Mumford said many thousands of hectares of koala habitat in NSW were still not protected from logging, land clearing and property development, including Lend Lease’s housing development at Mt Gilead on Sydney’s southwest outskirts.
“The government has the power to protect koalas for future generations and to honour its pledge to double koala numbers by 2050, but only if it acts swiftly and boldly to protect their habitat across the state,” Ms Mumford said.
“Koala protections in NSW have been weakened since the National’s threatened to blow up the government because they wanted to let landholders keep bulldozing koala habitat.
“The government’s new Koala Strategy is now well overdue, and with every month’s delay, the species edges closer to the brink.”
Koala carers speak up
Koala carers have written to the NSW Premier saying that without koala habitat protection, their work caring for koalas can only be a Band-Aid solution.
"The continuing loss of bushland is not only forcing more koalas into care, it is making it harder every year for carers to find healthy habitat where koalas can be safely released."
They are calling for three key solutions:
- Strengthen koala protections in key laws and codes.
- Declare the 175,000ha Great Koala National Park and the 7,000ha Sandy Creek Koala Park.
- Protect koala habitat from intensified logging under weakened forestry regulations.
Please email your member of NSW Parliament to alert them to this letter and implement these key protections for koalas and their habitat.
CLEAN, GREEN AND LOCAL NSW 2021
Priorities for nature and climate in the 2021 local government elections
Sign up to campaign in your local area!
BUSHLAND, GREEN SPACE AND TREES
Set ambitious targets for bushland and urban tree canopy cover
- Set targets for urban trees and urban tree canopy cover. If a target already exists, review it. Develop a plan to achieve the target.
- Set a target for bushland cover. If a target already exists, review it. Develop a plan to achieve the target. Protect and restore remnant bushland, revegetate, protect significant trees
- Enhance protections for remnant bushland and trees through Local Environment Plans and
Development Control Plans.
- Invest more in bushland restoration through the control of weeds and feral animals.
- Oppose removal of bushland and significant trees to enable development.
- When planning and executing bushfire hazard reduction measures, use the latest scientific advice to minimise environmental impacts.
Ensure a koala-friendly council
- Pass the Nature Conservation Council’s Koala Friendly Council motion (available at https://www.nature.org.au/koala_friendly_councils)
Create wildlife corridors
- Identify potential wildlife corridors to link significant wildlife habitat remnants.
- Invest in tree planting, revegetation and ongoing maintenance for these corridors.
Encourage use of native plants
- Use more native plants in council parks and gardens.
- Provide free native plants to home gardeners.
CLIMATE AND ENERGY
Clean up council operations
Set a target of net-zero emissions for all council operations by 2025 by:
- Using 100% clean electricity for all council operations.
- Making all council vehicles, including garbage trucks, electric.
Clean up local transport
- Accelerate the installation of rapid charge electric vehicle stations by working with the local community, businesses and state governments.
- Enhance active transport infrastructure by building and maintaining more and higher quality bike paths and footpaths.
Help locals, businesses and organisations slash their emissions
- Create and implement a local-emissions reductions plans with clear targets.
- Set ambitious energy performance standards for all new developments.
Support national and international movements to reduce emissions
- Adopt the Climate Emergency Declaration, which is already supported by more than 2000 councils across 34 countries.
- Sign up to the Climate Council’s Cities Power Partnership, Australia’s largest local government climate network, made up of over 145 councils from across the country, representing over half of the Australian population.
WATER CONSERVATION
Ensure a diverse and drought-resilient water system
- Oppose the construction of new dams or other rainfall dependent water sources.
- Invest in system-wide water efficiency.
- Investigate stormwater harvesting and recycling.
- Investigate the use of purified recycled water.
Reduce water waste
- Encourage water saving in households with education and water saving devices.
- Investigate current water wastage across the LGA and implement ways to reduce waste.
- Subsidise rainwater tanks for residential use across the LGA.
Restore our rivers and waterways
- Restore natural wetlands for benefits including stormwater management.
- Set ambitious targets to improve the health of all rivers within the LGA.
- Invest in the active restoration of riparian zone vegetation.
Sign up to campaign in your local area!
FOOTNOTES
The NSW Government has pledged to plant 1 million trees in Greater Sydney by 2022 and 5 million by 2030. It also wants to increase tree canopy cover in Greater Sydney from 16% to 40% by 2030. See Total Environment Centre and NSW Government.
If a project is considered critical infrastructure, apply best-practice approaches to offsetting. First, try to avoid impacts entirely. Second, if impacts are unavoidable, minimise them by modifying the proposal. Third, as a last resort, offset the impacts by restoring and permanently protecting similar habitat nearby.
https://climateemergencydeclaration.org/climate-emergency-declarations-cover-15-million-citizens/
Sign up to be a Koala Champion!
The koala population in NSW has been plummeting for decades, primarily due to development and deforestation leading to immense habitat loss.
Koalas don’t have a voice or the deep pockets of developers, they need the voice of human champions to campaign and lobby for their survival. They need community groups around NSW to organise to protect koala habitat. If we work together from the ground up, we can prevent koalas from going extinct by 2050.
If you sign up, we can connect you with other koala champions and groups in your area, or even help you start a group.
Sign up now to become a koala champion and help us save koalas!Sign up
Rallies across NSW on World Environment Day demand action to save koalas
People have rallied across the state today, calling on the NSW Government to strengthen protections for koalas and their habitat.
More than 500 people gathered in Hyde Park, Sydney, and were addressed by a range of speakers, including:
- Nature Conservation Council Chief Executive Chris Gambian,
- Animal Justice Party MLC Mark Pearson,
- Greens MLC David Shoebridge,
- Muruwari and Budjiti man Uncle Bruce Shillingsworth, and
- Bob Brown Foundation Campaign Organiser Doro Babeck.
Rallies were also held at Lismore, Bowral, Coolongolook (Port Stephens), Hornsby, Ku-ring-gai Chase and Tahmoor.
Mr Gambian said: “Koalas in NSW are on death row. Business as usual is simply no longer an option – this is an emergency that requires drastic action. Their numbers were plummeting before the Black Summer bushfires killed thousands of koalas and incinerated millions of hectares of forest. We need a step-change in our conservation efforts or koalas will join the Tasmanian Tiger as an emblem of our failure as ecological stewards.
“Any credible strategy for the species’ long-term future must include a strict ban on the destruction of koala forests and significant investment in new nature reserves, habitat restoration and ecological research. This issue is above politics – it is now time all parties worked together to implement the solutions we need.”
Doro Babeck from Bob Brown Foundation said: “We must do all to protect this iconic species from extinction. The world is looking at us and what we do to protect them. We must stop logging their habitat, whether it is on private land or public. If we can’t even stop koalas from becoming extinct, what hope do we have?
“People love koalas all over the world, yet, here, we have a government that sits on its hands and does nothing to protect them. Koalas are dying the death of a thousand cuts, as development after development gets approved and each time we say ‘oh, it’s just a few hectares lost here and there, it won’t affect the koala population overall’. But it does affect the koala population as we need to look at their cumulative effect.”
Muruwari and Budjiti man Bruce Shillingsworth said: “Koala’s are First Nations totems that need to be protected. Our totem’s die, we die.”
Alea Babeck, SS4C youth activist: “This has become the most urgent issue. Land clearing and logging are huge contributors to the climate emergency we are facing. We need our forests as vital carbon sinks and as habitat for our wildlife, like koalas. We are logging more forests than any other developed country. We should be doing all we can to protect the remaining wild places, not cut them down for woodchips. We can’t afford to do this anymore.”
THE KOALAS NEED TREES CAMPAIGN
The Nature Conservation Council in March launched its Koalas Need Trees campaign, which is underpinned by a policy agenda that includes:
- Adding of 200,000 hectares of koala forest to the national parks estate;
- Banning the destruction of koala habitat, on both public and private land;
- Setting up a $1 billion koala conservation and restoration fund; and
- Ending native forest logging.
BACKGROUND
Koala populations in NSW have plummeted in the past 30 years - estimated to be fewer than 20,000 before the Black Summer Bushfires that destroyed almost 25% of koala habitat on public land.
In late 2019, the NSW Government introduced a new Koala State Environmental Planning Policy (Koala SEPP 2019) that marginally increased legal protections for koalas.
In late 2020, the National Party threatened to “blow up” the Coalition if the SEPP was not scrapped. The Nationals objected to the policy controlling logging on private land (private native forestry) and land clearing for farming and property development.
To end the war, the Coalition partners agreed to:
- Limit the application of the new Koala SEPP to Sydney, the Central Coast and Blue Mountains;
- Exclude rural areas from the new Koala SEPP; and
- “Protect” koalas in rural areas through amended land-clearing and logging codes.
Conservation groups and environmental lawyers have grave concerns the new codes will weaken rather than strengthen protections.
The process for developing those new codes, a new Koala Strategy, and the timing for the release of both, have still not been made public.
Conservation movement ready to work with the new Labor leadership on koalas, climate, water and forestry
Statement by Nature Conservation Council Chief Executive Chris Gambian
“We welcome Chris Minns’ election as leader of NSW Labor and look forward to working with the new Labor leadership team to put climate action and the protection of nature at the top of the political agenda.
“The people want an effective Opposition with a comprehensive set of policies to tackle our most urgent environmental issues and force the government to compete for votes in these vital areas of public policy.
“We hope that the new Labor leadership team can start a race to the top against the Coalition in the critical areas of koala conservation, climate action and the reform of water and forestry management.
“Labor has an opportunity and a responsibility to come up with a plan to end native forest logging in a way that supports workers into a sustainable plantation-based industry.
“And Labor must take up the fight on land clearing, especially terrible proposals that would accelerate the extinction crisis for koalas.
“The Coalition government is taking strong action on the energy transition and national parks, but is getting wrong on water, koalas, logging and land clearing.
“The new leader must lead on climate action policies that go beyond a just energy sector transition and includes electric vehicles and agriculture. And end the false choice between jobs and a livable climate.
“Labor must recommit to supporting a healthy Murray-Darling Basin through better water management and flow targets. | https://www.nature.org.au/tags/koalas |
Performing Hesch springing
In spite of any appearance to the contrary, Springing with Awareness SM is a simple, straightforward TOOL available to clinicians who routinely evaluate soft tissues. This method of spring/micro-motion testing is simply an enhancement of the skill set of soft tissue evaluation, so that it can be performed on denser connective tissue.
Spring/micro-motion testing is a challenging read, and the readers are encouraged to first observe video on the topic to appreciate the simplicity and the sequential manner in which it is performed. Viewing the videos should make the reading much easier, by providing a dynamic visual frame of reference.
Searching YouTube.com using the key words “Jerry Hesch,” then “sacroiliac spring test” will lead you to several video demonstrations that contrast Springing with AwarenessSM with the traditional forward-thrust method. One video addresses false-negative and false-positive tests. These concepts are quite relevant, especially if the concept of springing is novel to the reader.
For the rest of this chapter, any use of the terms spring, spring/micro-motion, springing, or Springing with AwarenessSM refers to the Hesch Springing with AwarenessSM technique, unless stated otherwise.
When preparing to do a spring test, be sure to orient the direction of force to the anatomical plane that is altered by the patient’s position, so that the direction of force is, indeed, a pure P-A directed spring/micro-motion test that is perpendicular to the posterior face of the sacrum. Initially, this method can seem challenging, but it can be easily learned with a little practice, while slowly reading the sequence with your hands on an anatomical model or volunteer. With practice, each spring/micro-motion test can be performed with three repetitions in 10 seconds or less.
Below, the procedure is abbreviated one line at a time
Palpate the sacral quadrants in yoga child pose (Fig. 13).
Step 1: Position hand to perform spring/micro-motion test with zero pounds on one quadrant (Fig. 14).
Step 2: Take up the SLACK using 10 pounds.
Step 3: Impart spring/micro-motion with an additional 10 pounds. The total force on the sacrum is now 20 pounds.
Allow the recoil to return to Position 2, maintaining the 10-pound position.
Repeat spring/micro-motion tests as desired, going from Position 2 to 3 and back to 2 as necessary.
Step 4: When finished springing, briefly hold the final 10 pounds and then let go to zero pounds.
Step 5: Repeat the entire test at the other three sacral quadrants.
Fig. 14: This photo shows a spring test to left lower sacral quadrant below left oblique axis. The circles overlie the left and right PSIS. The client is in yoga child pose position. The spring/micro-motion test is applied to the left lower quadrant, below the left oblique axis.
Springing a sacral torsion
The above method of springing will work on sacral quadrants and joints that have normal mobility. The sacrum will behave differently when torsion is present. If torsion is present, you will be able to spring three sacral quadrants. However, you will not be able to take up the slack on the prominent and stuck sacral quadrant in yoga child pose, nor in prone neutral a small percentage of the time.
Even by increasing the force to 20 pounds or somewhat greater, the joint will not spring. In time, you will easily realize that the prominent sacral quadrant is always the stuck one, and you can skip the spring/micro-motion test and directly proceed to treatment.
| |
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Thursday 27th of January
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solving quadratic equations extracting the root
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Message
Naansow
Registered: 25.02.2003
From: This Post
Posted: Wednesday 27th of Dec 12:17
Hi gals and guys I require some aid to solve this solving quadratic equations extracting the root which I’m unable to do on my own. My homework assignment is due and I need assistance to work on monomials, proportions and lcf . I’m also thinking of hiring a math tutor but they are not economical . So I would be really grateful if you can extend some assistance in solving the problem.
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nxu
Registered: 25.10.2006
From: Siberia, Russian Federation
Posted: Thursday 28th of Dec 13:47
Algebrator is one of the most powerful resources that can render help to people like you. When I was a newbie , I took help from Algebrator. Algebrator offers all the basics of Basic Math. Rather than using the Algebrator as a step-by-step guide to solve all your homework assignments, you can use it as a coach that can offer the fundamental principles of least common denominator, side-angle-side similarity and graphing lines. Once you get into the principles, you can go ahead and work out any tough assignments on Algebra 1 very quickly .
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nedslictis
Registered: 13.03.2002
From: Omnipresent
Posted: Friday 29th of Dec 08:46
I second that. Algebrator has already helped me solving problems on solving quadratic equations extracting the root in the past, and confident that you would like it. I have never been to a good school, but all because of this software my math problem solving skills are as good as than students studying in one of those fancy schools.
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denbered007
Registered: 27.06.2004
From:
Posted: Friday 29th of Dec 21:59
https://polymathlove.com/rational-exponents.html
and
https://polymathlove.com/quadratics.html
are a couple of authentic resources that offer the Algebrator. But, before placing the order, understand what it offers and how is it unique by reading the customer reviews online. From my personal experience, I can say that you can begin using Algebrator right away without any aid since the utility is fully easy and very much self- informative .
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Gog
Registered: 07.11.2001
From: Austin, TX
Posted: Sunday 31st of Dec 16:51
Algebrator is a incredible product and is certainly worth a try. You will also find quite a few exciting stuff there. I use it as reference software for my math problems and can say that it has made learning math more fun .
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Ashe
Registered: 08.07.2001
From:
Posted: Monday 01st of Jan 12:44
Thanks for the information. I have purchased the Algebrator from
https://polymathlove.com/the-ellipse.html
and I happened to read through triangle similarity yesterday. It is pretty cool and very much readable . I was impressed by the descriptive explanations offered on factoring expressions. Rather than being test preparation oriented, the Algebrator aims at educating you with the fundamental principles of Algebra 1. The money back guarantee and the unimaginable rebates that they are currently offering makes the purchase particularly appealing . | https://polymathlove.com/polymonials/midpoint-of-a-line/solving-quadratic-equations.html |
SUMMARY:
Perceptive and dedicated professional with 12 years of proven Healthcare and Information Technology experience. Self - directed and stimulated for growth, desiring a position where my vast knowledge can be fully utilized to support constant changing IT landscape while collaborating to maximize and achieve success for an organization.
EMPLOYMENT:
Confidential, Philadelphia, PA
Senior Systems Integration Engineer
Responsibilities:
- Coordinate and facilitate the interface testing with the client and EMR vendor
- Provide ongoing status reports for deployment phases of all assigned hospices
- Client training on interface workflow inclusive of leading the client training calls
- Ensure all client and vendor inquiries are responded to within 4 hours of initial receipt
- Work with the team on production configuration of new interfaces
- Document best practice workflow for the client
- Provide post go - live monitoring and analysis for new client interface implementations
- Conduct interface production support prior to passing from Interface Implementation to Interface Support
- Troubleshoot Incoming Messages if there are processing errors
- Schedule calls with clients for go live and post go live topics
- Maintain all interface information databases in Salesforce and other designated locations
- Keep all active interface implementation cases up to date in Salesforce
- Document processes and procedures
- Provide ad hoc written or verbal status of critical issues to management
- Identify and address inefficiencies to streamline current operational procedures
- Assist in maintaining accurate Standard Operating Procedures
- Create reports in Salesforce to monitor interface activity with accounts
Confidential, Calabasas, CA
Application Engineer
Responsibilities:
- Understands the various deployment options of ATLAS products and interface options. Then maps these options to meet client business needs
- Creates and executes detailed technical checklists and processes to facilitate the implementation of ATLAS products and services
- Analyzes clients business rules and effectively communicates them to development, product management, documentation, support, and other individuals or teams
- Assists in the development of test plans for alpha and beta phases of the implementation, based on client specific business models
- Analyzes technical issues and develop creative solutions which minimize risk and ensure the successful deployment of software solutions
- Prepares and provides product demonstrations for clients
- Prepares and provides product training for clients
- Develops solutions and educates clients in the various stages of the product and service implementation cycle
- Assists project managers in preparing project plans, client business model analysis, design specifications and proof of concept documents.
- Assists in the training and mentoring of new Application Engineers.
- Consults with clients and external data source/destination vendors to determine interface requirements
- Designs and develops interface solutions to meet the requirements given constraints such as limited client resources, time deadlines and technological impediments
- Analyzes and documents interface specifications
- Tests, deploys and validates interfaces
- Promotes and maintains a positive relationship with other client
- Identifies risk to the organization and communicates that risk to management, and protect confidential information, including, but not limited to, business trade secrets and protected health information
- Adheres to ATLAS policies and procedures
- Performs other assigned duties
Confidential, Charlotte, NC
Data Integration Engineer
Responsibilities:
- Analyzes interface/integration capabilities between client hospital information systems and Confidential products by reviewing specifications and working with interface vendors and client technical teams to determine the best interface options.
- Analyzes raw data for structure, format, content, and relationships to ensure compatibility and requirements for the various analyses performed.
- Develop and maintains scripts, regular expressions, and other data transformations needed to support data interfacing.
- Sets up data processing for new clients to ensure proper data flow, analysis, and reporting.
- Serves as a liaison with vendors, clients, and consultants to resolve data integration issues.
- Collaborate with the Clinical and Quality Assurance teams to ensure proper data context, mapping, and analysis processing.
- Provides application and client user support.
Confidential, Charlotte, NC
HL7 Developer
Responsibilities:
- Training support analyst s applications, HL7 messages, SQL server and network topology.
- Review and modify application interface specifications and other documents.
- Maintain a strong and positive relationship with all application vendors
- Communicating with all levels of the organization, both written and verbally, in a clear and concise manner and delivering informative, well - organized project updates
- Hands on use of Citrix, Remote desktop and symphonia message mapping tool
- Communicating, prioritizing, tracking project progress and resolving issues in a timely manner
- Managing multiple projects concurrently, monitoring the status of projects containing multiple resources and escalating issues when appropriate
- Participating in go-live" deployment of integrated application systems and troubleshooting and optimizing any functional issues that may arise
- Provide post go-live support and certification for all EHR interfaces including troubleshooting issues, data mapping, and data validation.
- Work with major third party software systems such as Data Innovations middleware solutions, Atlas development, Confidential and Canvas IT.
- Building strong working relations with hospital administrators and team members
- Meet with department heads, managers, supervisors, vendors, and others, to solicit cooperation and resolve problems.
Confidential, Fort Myers, FL
Technical Support Representative
Responsibilities:
- Troubleshoot remote client desktops through various remote access applications such as Cisco Confidential Client, Remote Desktop, VNC and pcAnywhere
- Work with numerous IT technicians and Lab technicians to perform onsite installation of clinical interfaces at hospital laboratory on a daily basis
- Help with setting up Hospital LIS / HIS systems that use ASTM and HL7 protocols
- Troubleshoot communication and data issues between instruments and Laboratory Information Systems by use of transmission logs at low level communication.
- Provide 24/7 support through phone, email and remote access
- Troubleshoot remote client desktops through various remote access applications such as Cisco Confidential Client, Remote Desktop, VNC and pcAnywhere
- Provide daily troubleshooting for hardware and software issues
- Apply critical security patches to clinical application servers to prevent malicious attacks
- Perform routine back-ups of critical server files. | https://www.hireitpeople.com/resume-database/68-network-and-systems-administrators-resumes/156771-senior-systems-integration-engineer-resume-philadelphia-pa |
Drug Safety Manager DACH (m/f/d)
If you’re passionate about changing lives for the better, this is the opportunity you’ve been waiting for. In Research & Development, we’re continuously exploring innovative new treatment options to make a stronger, more positive impact on the lives of the patients we serve. You’ll work with talented colleagues in a state-of-the-art Research & Development environment, developing innovative medicines that change the live of patients for the better and help us make progress towards our vision of a world free of pain. Join us today, and discover the difference you can make.
What the job looks like
Each day you´ll enjoy a variety of challenges, such as:
- Support and deputize LRP-PV DACH (Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Lichtenstein) in Drug Safety Operations, including acting for Germany as deputy Stufenplanbeauftragter §63a AMG and Informationsbeauftragter §74a AMG – Kennzeichnungen, Packungsbeilagen, Fachinformationen
- Operationally manage the local pharmacovigilance system as well as ensuring patient safety related to local products or where GRT is Marketing Authorisation Holder within DACH Cluster, in close cooperation with responsible Head Office
- Operationally ensure that all safety information received within the designated territory from all sources are collected, translated and forwarded to Head Office in compliance with required timelines, quality guidelines and internal and external standards
- Manage local process/standard procedural documents for collecting safety information from a range of sources and working with LRP-PV DACH and Head Office on managing data/topics, including implementation of measures in the territory
- Ensure PV tasks for any local product are performed to maintain a benefit safety profile (including signal management and risk assessment) in compliance with local legal/regulatory requirements and global standards
- Monitor safety issues related to Grünenthal products in the reference territory to ensure issues are processed, assessed and reported to all stakeholders (e.g. Authorities, QPPVs, Licensors, Licensees, etc.).
- Contribute to the oversight of and manage local pharmacovigilance tasks for studies and other organized data collection activities (e.g. clinical trials, market research) in the assigned territories
- Track and analyse updates in legal and regulatory local/regional PV requirements, including respective communication to relevant internal stakeholders
- Supports in ensuring the affiliate is GVP inspection-ready, provides support in regulatory authority inspections, business partner or internal audits
- Manage and conduct PV trainings (onboarding / refresher) to the affiliates in scope or vendor staff according to contracted needs, including ensuring training documentation is in place
What you´ll bring to the table
To make the most of this role and truly thrive, you should have:
- A university degree in medical, pharmaceutical or comparable biological discipline
- Demonstrated and relevant minimum 1-2 years of experience within PV
- Experience in supporting a PV system in at least one country within the DACH region, preferably Germany; additional experience in other countries is beneficial
- A solid working knowledge of local/regional PV relevant guidelines, codes or practice and regulations
- Fluency in German (preferably mother tongue) and business English language skills
- Microsoft based and good IT/system competence
- Strong communication skills
- Ability to support less experienced colleagues
- Very structured and attention-to-detail working style
- Ability to work across a matrix organisation. Flexible, proactive and open working style, supportive of training. | https://careers.grunenthal.com/job/Stolberg-Drug-Safety-Manager-DACH-%28mfd%29/893621501/ |
Whale and Dolphin Research Projects
We conduct research on dolphins in Shark Bay, Western Australia and the coastal Everglades. During his time with National Geographic, Mike helped other scientists by deploying “Crittercam” on humpback whales, pilot whales, false killer whales, and bowhead whales. Recently, the lab started a study of deep-diving species in the Caribbean.
Dolphins of the Everglades
Marine mammals feed at multiple trophic levels and occur from freshwater to open-ocean ecosystems of all latitudes. Due to their abundance, large-scale movements, and high metabolic rates, they have the potential to affect the structure and function of ecosystems from both top-down and bottom-up pathways. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are an abundant top predator of the coastal Everglades. We’re investigating trophic interactions of dolphins and how these interactions might vary within and among habitats. To reveal the factors influencing their habitat use and foraging decisions, the team has conducted a combination of boat-based sighting, photo-identification, passive acoustic monitoring using C-PODS, and biopsy sampling throughout the Shark River Estuary, Whitewater Bay, Florida Bay and coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico.
Whales and Dolphins of Guadeloupe
In 2014, the lab initiated a study of sperm whales and other cetaceans offshore of the west coast of Guadeloupe in the Carribean. In collaboration with SPAW-RAC, and funded by the Total Foundation (France), the team is using animal-borne video cameras developed by Exeye Ltd and biopsy sampling to study the behavior of deep-diving species. From the biopsy samples, it is possibe to measure contaminant loads, conduct genetic studies, and analyze the chemical composition (stable isotopes) of skin and blubber. Together with the behavioral data from the video cameras the team will be able to understand foraging behavior and patterns and potential threats to a variety of species, especially sperm whales. Educational activities including video projects for students will also be developed. | https://mikeheithaus.com/research/whale-and-dolphin-research-projects/ |
Medications at School
MEDICATION INFORMATION:
All prescription medications must be in the original pharmacy labeled container with the student’s name, medication name, route of delivery, dosage, time interval of use, expiration date and the current date. Prescriptions must include the name of the prescribing licensed California healthcare provider. If necessary, request a duplicate bottle from the pharmacist for the school. If any medication is not in the original container, it CANNOT accepted or administered. Non-prescription over the counter medications must also be in the container with the manufacturer’s original label and expiration date.
SELF-ADMINISTRATION:
In order for a student to self-carry and self-administer medication, additional medication must also be kept in the Health Office. This policy is to ensure the safety of our students in the event of an emergency. An Authorization for Medication form and a Self Administration form must be completed for a student to self-carry.
MEDICATION AUTHORIZATION FORMS:
A written physician’s order and parent/guardian authorization form must be completed for each medication for every school year. In addition to the Authorization for Medication form, if the student will be self-carrying medication, a Self Administration form must be completed. An Allergy and Anaphylaxis Emergency Care form must also be completed if the medication to be administered is an EpiPen. These forms are available in the school Health Office and as links on this page below.
MEDICATION DELIVERY TO HEALTH OFFICE:
Medications must be brought to school by the parent/guardian. Under no circumstances will the school administer medications brought to school by a student. Medication may not be carried in a student’s backpack unless they have an Authorization for Medication and Self Administration forms on file in the Health Office.
For further questions please call the Health Office at (707) 453-7234 ext. 109
Student Accident Insurance
INSURANCE COVERAGE:
K-12 ACCIDENT PLANS PAID FOR BY THE SCHOOL OR PARENT:
-
School Time & 24-Hour Accident Coverage
-
Interscholastic Sports
-
Tackle Football
-
Field Trips
-
24-Hour Dental
SPECIAL RISK PLANS FOR PAID BY THE SCHOOL: | https://www.kairospublicschools.org/foods-policy |
The RAHA is a nonprofit, tax-exempt organization. Maintenance of its tax-exempt status is important both for its continued financial stability and for public support. Therefore, the IRS as well as state regulatory and tax officials view the operations of RAHA as a public trust, which is subject to scrutiny by and accountable to such governmental authorities as well as to members of the public.
Consequently, there exists between RAHA and its board and officers and the public a fiduciary duty, which carries with it a broad and unbending duty of loyalty and fidelity. The board and its officers have the responsibility of administering the affairs of RAHA honestly and prudently, and of exercising their best care, skill, and judgment for the sole benefit of RAHA. Those persons shall exercise the utmost good faith in all transactions involved in their duties, and they shall not use their positions with RAHA or knowledge gained for their personal benefit. The interests of the organization must be the first priority in all decisions and actions.
This statement is directed to directors and officers, and any other parties who may play a role in the organization’s management. For example, this would include all who make purchasing decisions and anyone who has proprietary information concerning RAHA.
1. Persons and firms supplying goods and services to RAHA.
3. Donors and others supporting RAHA.
4. Using RAHA’s time, personnel, equipment, supplies, or good will for other than RAHA -approved activities, programs, and purposes.
RAHA. Receipt of any gift is disapproved except gifts of a value less than $50, which could not be refused without discourtesy. No personal gift of money should ever be accepted.
may give rise to conflict, as listed in Section 4, are not exhaustive. Conflicts might arise in other areas or through other relations. It is assumed that the directors, officers, and management employees will recognize such areas and relation by analogy.
importance, or if material, that upon full disclosure of all relevant facts and circumstances it is necessarily adverse to the interests of RAHA.
in Section 4 shall be disclosed before any transaction is consummated. It shall be the continuing responsibility of the board and officers to scrutinize their transactions and outside business interests and relationships for potential conflicts and to immediately make such disclosures.
transaction is in the best interest of the organization.
he is the one with the conflict, then to the Vice President), who shall bring the matter to the attention of the Board of Directors.
The board of directors shall determine whether a conflict exists and in the case of an existing conflict, whether the contemplated transaction may be authorized as just, fair, and reasonable to RAHA. The decision of the board of directors on these matters will rest in their sole discretion, and their concern must be the welfare of RAHA and the advancement of its purpose. | http://ridgefieldhockey.org/Page.asp?n=52959&org=M.RIDGEFIELDHOCKEY.ORG |
The Complete Soccer Goalkeeper also includes advice from leading goalkeepers, analysis of many of the game's stellar saves, and exclusive insights from today's top attackers on the defensive weaknesses they try to exploit.
From tactics to strategies, The Complete Soccer Goalkeeper is simply the most complete guide available for players and coaches of the game's most challenging position.
| |
6 Totally Underrated State Parks You Need To Visit in Colorado
COLORADO STATE PARKS are some of a treasure-filled state’s hidden treasures. Here are a few popular State Parks you won’t want to miss — and out of the way State Parks that offer lots of opportunities, from pioneer camping sites to historic mine settings.
1. Vega State Park
Vega State Park is tucked out of the way off I-70 on the state’s western slope. Once you are there in its 1823 acres, there is plenty of it to explore. You’ll wind through a mountainous scenic drive. The park offers a selection of camping options, from a pioneer set-up to cabins to tradition tent sites.
2. James M. Robb State Park
Also known by its former name, Colorado River State Park, this park is a glorious 890-acre paradise that offers 63 campsites. It is located off I-70 near the town of Fruita. The State Park is noted for wildlife, hikes, and fishing.
3. State Forest State Park
With 71,000 acres situated between Laramie and Jackson counties, State Forest dates back to its designation in 1970. More than half the park is filled with diverse pine trees. There are a number of camping spots available to reserve. Opportunities while camping are endless — wildlife viewing, hiking trails, and beautiful natural vistas.
4. Lory State Park
Lory State Park is popular because it consists primarily of 26 miles of trails used for mountain biking and because of the park’s convenient location just a short drive from the bustling university town of Fort Collins. The trails are not exclusively for biking. Horse riders frequent the paths as do hikers and trail runners. The park is adjacent to Horsetooth Reservoir, where canoeing, fishing, and boating are available.
5. John Martin Reservoir State Park
This park is in a remote location that allows incredible access to wildlife viewing. The visitors’ experiences are all the richer due to the park’s location in the southeastern corner of the state where the weather tends to be mild year around.
6. Trinidad State Park
Trinidad State Park is 800 acres of trails found in the southern part of Colorado. The park has a rich history. On its premises, there are coal mine ruins, a reservoir and an archaeological site. A lesser known park, there is plenty of room on its hiking and running trails. Fishing and boating enthusiasts will have lots of opportunities. | https://matadornetwork.com/read/6-totally-underrated-state-parks-need-visit-colorado/ |
You've tried everything you can think of to abate a hazardous situation, but the hazard remains. Maybe it's time to think "outside the box."
Brainstorming and looking beyond traditional problem-solving concepts may provide the answer you need to abate that hazard. In the fourth printing of his book, "OSHA Inspections: Preparation and Response" (McGraw-Hill), safety consultant Rick Kaletsky of Bethany, Conn., offers several suggestions on how to creatively approach abatement.
One is to talk to those affected by the hazardous situation. It could be as simple as asking them what they would suggest to involving workers in team-based, problem-solving settings. Sometimes, the best ideas may start as "seemingly wild or strange notions" and should not be dismissed with mocking, sarcasm or insulting criticism, Kaletsky writes.
"If you're going to get to creative solutions, you've got to look at the hazards and talk to the workers affected," said Kaletsky, who worked for OSHA for 20 years as a compliance officer and assistant area director.
Throughout the book, enhanced and updated for 2000, Kaletsky writes about how employee involvement can help with hazard abatement,especially when preparing for an OSHA inspection. Beyond that, the author lists other examples to creatively abate a pesky hazard:
- When machine hazards noted during inspections appear to be very difficult to abate, it may be feasible to simply eliminate the machine. Can the work be done on another kind of in-house machine?
- If several tasks are performed on each of several machines and it is difficult to abate the task-specific hazard, perhaps each machine can be dedicated to only one or two tasks.
- When dealing with process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals, decrease the amount of chemical to less than the threshold quantity that triggers the regulation.
- Try substituting a flammable chemical with a water-based, nonflammable solution to avoid costly and necessary elimination of in vapor-ignition hazards.
- Where possible, eliminate a highly hazardous operation from the facility by contracting the work. A contractor may be more adept at controlling a hazard because of his expertise. Examples of contracted tasks are permit-required confined spaces, hazardous waste operations, emergency response and electrical safety-related work practices. On top of that, the facility might be able to "max out" of certain OSHA standards that no longer apply to the work situation, Kaletsky writes.
"Understand that there are other avenues open to hazard abatement," he said. "You don't always have to deal with just what's in front of you."
Open minds can flourish on safety teams, Kaletsky writes. Forget the expression, "It has always been done that way." Ask why it was always done that way and how it should be done now.
"The bottom line," Kaletsky says, "is that it is good business practice to avoid being locked into the confines of conventional, cookie-cutter approaches to risk reduction. Innovation and alternative ("out of the box") thinking falls right into this philosophy."
Other subjects with updated material in the latest edition of Kaletsky's book include respiratory protection, workplace violence, late-shift work, personal protective equipment, OSHA inspection scheduling and ergonomics. The book is divided into two sections: Part 1 prepares the work site for an OSHA inspection; Part 2 deals with responding to OSHA after the inspection. | https://www.ehstoday.com/news/ehs_imp_32445 |
Berikut kami bagikan contoh soal hortatory exposition texts beserta jawaban. Teks hortatory exposition ini bersumber dari dokumen asli soal UN tahun 2017.
The following text is for questions 1 to 4.
Pakistan's houbara bird facing extinction
The indiscriminate hunting of endangered houbara bustard birds in Pakistan by rich hunting parties from the Gulf nations have pushed the species toward extinction. The hunting was initially banned by the Pakistani courts, but under continuous pressure from the provincial governments of Sind, Baluchistan, and Punjab, as well as the federal government, recently the courts lifted the ban on the hunting of this vulnerable species.
Some people in Pakistan have been advocating for sustainable hunting of the species instead of a complete ban, but this is highly debatable. Reckless hunting for decades has pushed this beautiful species toward extinction and it is now critically endangered in Pakistan.
No reliable or credible statistics on the population dynamics of the species are available either. Unless specially protected by the law, the species runs the risk of becoming extinct in the wild in the next few decades.
Under these circumstances, the only logical approach to save the species from extinction in the not-so-distant future is to immediately start comprehensive captive breeding program for the species across the nation.
If the captive breeding program runs successfully and produces an appreciable number of chicks, then reintroduction programs could be initiated in their wild habitats.
Only after rebuilding population for some time in the wild and allowing them to breed naturally to reach a sustainable population could some restricted hunting be planned. Currently, the low numbers have made this species vulnerable and with zero or poor monitoring, sustainable hunting practices in Pakistan for this dwindling species will not work.
Game hunting works only when a stable population is achieved with strict monitoring on the ratio of males to females hunted per season. If the females (no true statistics available) are being taken out of the population through random hunting, the population is sure to pass through a bottleneck in the wild habitat, with high vulnerability to eventual extinction.
The people of Pakistan need to decide what is more important-a few petrodollars or protecting the biodiversity of the nation.
Saikat Kumar Basu
Lethbridge, Canada
A. The extinction of Pakistan's houbara bird.
B. The hunting of Pakistan's houbara bird.
C. The conservation of Pakistan's houbara bird.
D. The rehabilitation of Pakistan's biodiversity.
E. The protection of Pakistan's biodiversity.
2. From the text, we know that the writer ...
A. Enjoys hunting the houbara bird.
B. Advocates for sustainable houbara bird hunting.
C. Approves all kinds of houbara bird hunting.
D. Tries to persuade people to conserve houbara bird
E. Breeds houbara bird in captivation.
3. According to the text, why does the writer want all kinds of houbara bird hunting be banned?
A. The population of houbara bird is getting smaller and smaller.
B. The captivation of houbara bird has been unsuccessful.
C. The houbara bird is difficult to catch.
D. The houbara bird is beautiful.
E. The hunters are reckless.
4. From the passage, we can conclude that people can resume hunting the houbara bird only ... a sustainable population is reached. | https://www.englishahkam.com/2019/02/contoh-soal-hortatory-exposition-text-beserta-jawaban.html |
Cave-ins pose the greatest risk in trenching and excavation operations, and are much more likely than other excavation-related accidents to result in worker fatalities. Other potential hazards include falls, falling loads, hazardous atmospheres, and incidents involving mobile equipment.
What are the hazards of excavation?
Types of Excavation Hazards
- Asphyxiation due to lack of oxygen.
- Inhalation of toxic materials.
- Fire.
- Excavated Soil or Equipment falling on workers.
- Moving machinery near the edge of the excavation can cause a collapse.
- Falling, Slips, Trips.
- The accidental severing of underground utility lines/power lines.
24.09.2019
What is the greatest risk with excavations?
Cave-ins pose the greatest risk and are more likely than some other excavation-related incidents to result in worker fatalities.
How can excavation hazards be prevented?
Provide protection by: Set spoils and equipment at least 2 feet back from the excavation. Use retaining devices, such as a trench box that will extend above the top of the trench to prevent equipment and spoils from falling back into the excavation.
What are the hazards of working in trenches and excavations?
The hazards include: Cave-ins or collapses that can trap workers. Equipment or excavated soil falling on workers (e.g., equipment operated or soil/debris stored too close to the excavation). Falling into the trench or excavation.
How many types of excavation are there?
According to Type of Material Excavated
A common method of classifying excavation is by type of excavated material: topsoil, earth, rock, muck, and unclassified.
What you should avoid during excavation works?
What measures should be taken to prevent materials falling onto workers in excavations?
- Do not store spoil or other materials close to the sides of excavations. …
- Make sure the edges of the excavation are protected against falling materials. …
- Always wear a hard hat when working in excavations.
What are 3 main protection methods against cave-ins?
To prevent cave-ins: SLOPE or bench trench walls. SHORE trench walls with supports, or. SHIELD trench walls with trench boxes.
Which of the following is the deadliest excavation hazard?
Cave-ins are a deadly hazard of excavation work.
What depth do you need shoring?
Trenches 5 feet (1.5 meters) deep or greater require a protective system unless the excavation is made entirely in stable rock. If less than 5 feet deep, a competent person may determine that a protective system is not required.
What is excavation in safety?
Excavation work involves the removal of. soil or a mixture of soil and rock, and even. some of the most experienced workers. have been trapped, buried and injured in.
How do you prevent soil collapse during excavation?
Soil collapse in a trench can be prevented either by side slope or by benching of side wall or by shoring.
What type of soil Cannot be benched?
Type C soil cannot be benched.
What are the three methods of excavation?
Types of excavation
- 3.1 Cut and fill excavation.
- 3.2 Trench excavation.
- 3.3 Basement excavation.
- 3.4 Road excavation.
- 3.5 Bridge excavation.
- 3.6 Dredging.
- 3.7 Over excavation.
5.10.2020
Why are trenches dangerous?
Trenches literally are filled with a variety of potential safety and environmental hazards. Cave-ins perhaps are the most feared trenching hazard as one cubic yard of soil can weigh as much as a car. Asphyxiation due to lack of oxygen in a confined space is a major risk. So are inhalation of toxic fumes and drowning.
How is shoring done?
Shoring is the process of temporarily supporting a building, vessel, structure, or trench with shores (props) when in danger of collapse or during repairs or alterations. Shoring comes from shore, a timber or metal prop. Shoring may be vertical, angled, or horizontal. | https://tractocass53.com/road-engineering/what-are-the-risk-of-excavation.html |
Sir,
The editorial on patient-centered approach in endocrinology made interesting reading, and is apt according to the need of the hour.\[[@ref1]\]
An old saying quotes, "Salus populi suprema lex esto", i.e., Let the welfare of the people be the supreme law. Analogous to this stands the concept of patient-centered approach where the welfare of the patient is of prime importance. For this to be achieved, patient-centered approach has to be adopted. This has been put up in simple words appropriately by McWhinney as one where "the physician tries to enter the patient\'s world, to see the illness through the patient\'s eyes".\[[@ref2]\] The editorial presents a relatively complete and better acronym CARES (C-Compassionate competence, A-Authentic accessibility, R-Reciprocal respect, E-Expressive empathy and S-Straightforward simplicity) for patient-centered care.\[[@ref3]\]
To establish good patient centered care, we must break down critical barriers between clinicians and patients. Two important barriers of patient-centered approach include communication skills and cultural competence of the treating doctor.
Patient-Practitioner relationship must be strengthened to eliminate the communication gap between them. The accessibility of the doctor, work hours, and more importantly his or her behavior, play a significant role in this. Patients should also be emotionally supported and empowered so that they can express their values and preferences and ask questions without any inhibitions from their clinicians. Patients should be educated about the essential role they play in decision-making and be given effective tools to help them understand their options and the consequences of their decisions.\[[@ref4]\]
Interviewing the patient in detail followed by psychosocial motivation can result into better compliance and improved satisfaction levels amongst patients. This term has been defined as "Motivational Interview" by clinical psychologists worldwide. It comprises of the ability to ask open-ended questions, the ability to provide affirmations, the capacity for reflective listening, and the ability to periodically provide summary statements to the patient.\[[@ref5]\] This helps the patient in making optimal decisions and having a better health. To further improve communication, as suggested in earlier studies, it should be made a mutual dialogue by convincing all patients to provide feedback (e.g., Participate in surveys and focus groups) and improve the design of their treatment protocol as per their needs and preferences.\[[@ref6]\]
Cultural competence is another necessity of good patient-centered treatment. Health care specialists face cultural and linguistic barriers between themselves and patients which interfere with the effective delivery of health services.\[[@ref6]\] Moreover, in a country like India, with numerous languages, cultures and religions, it becomes even more challenging for the treating clinician to be culturally competent and understand the patient well. Trans-cultural health care training which involves the integration of cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural encounters, and cultural desire in the clinician can be used to strengthen the patient-practitioner bond.\[[@ref7]\]
Patient-centered care has already become ubiquitous in modern healthcare. Call for patient-centered management in chronic diseases especially diabetes have already been made.\[[@ref8]\] The time has come when we as clinicians, need to think above the rhetoric of guidelines and evidence-based treatment plans, and focus on the "voice of our patients."
Francis Weld Peabody, in 1927, said, "The treatment of a disease may be entirely impersonal; the care of a patient must be completely personal."\[[@ref9]\] Similarly, we do not need just doctors with the best of degrees and treating capabilities, but what our patients need, compassionate empathetic clinicians who believe in the intent to heal.
| |
CATALOG DESCRIPTION:
Math 01.341 Modern Algebra
II
3 s.h.
(Prerequisite: Math 01.340 Modern Algebra I with a grade of C- or better)
This course extends the study begun in Modern Algebra I to a more detailed investigation of abstract algebraic structures. Included are Sylow theorems, rings and ideals, polynomial rings, ring and field extension and Galois theory.
CONTENT:
1. Group Theory
1.1 Normal subgroup
1.2 Fundamental Theorem of Groups (Quotient Group)
1.3 Group isomorphism theorems
1.4 Cauchy's Theorem for abelian groups
1.5 Group automorphisms
1.6 Cayley's Theorem
1.7 Permutation groups
1.8 Sylow Theorems
2. Ring Theory
2.1 Ideal and prime ideals
2.2 Euclidean rings and principle ideal rings
2.3 Polynomials and zeros of a polynomial
2.4 Polynomial factorization theorem
2.5 Irreducibility criteria
2.6 Systemetric functions
3. Theory of Fields
3.1 Subfields and prime fields
3.2 Field adjunction
3.3 Simple field extensions
3.4 Linear dependence over a skew field
3.5 Linear equations over a skew field
3.6 Algebraic field extensions
3.7 Normal extension fields
3.8 Roots of unity
3.9 Finite commutative fields (Galois fields)
3.10 Separable and inseparable extensions
3.11 Perfect and imperfect fields
TEXTS:
*Joseph Gallian, CONTEMPORARY ABSTRACT ALGEBRA, Houghton Mifflin, 6th Edition
Rotman, J.J. A FIRST COURSE IN ABSTRACT ALGEBRA, Prentice Hall 2000 (2nd ed)
Pinter, C.C. ABOOK OF ABSTRACT ALGEBRA, (2nd ed) McCraw Hill, 1990.
Herstein, I.N. TOPICS IN ALGEBRA, 2nd. Ed., Xerox, Mass., 1975. | http://www.rowan.edu/colleges/csm/departments/math/syllabi/UND.COURSES/ModAlgII.html |
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), would on Monday September 1, distribute more than 700 waste bins to 60 state institutions to enable them to separate their solid waste from others.
The programme falls under EPA’s source segregation of solid waste project, being undertaken in conjunction with Jekora Ventures, and Zoomlion, private waste management companies, in partnership with Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation.
Waste segregation is the process by which waste is separated, sorted and grouped according to types.
Mr Godson Cudjoe Voado, Principal Programme Officer, EPA said some common problems associated with solid waste management in Ghana are inadequate service coverage, irregular waste collection, waste spill over from bins and storage containers, and the attitude of the people towards indiscriminate disposal of waste at unauthorised places.
These problems or actions would eventually lead to public health impact, aesthetic nuisance, and environmental pollution, he said.
He explained that the segregation would therefore help increase the volumes of waste diverted through reuse and recycling, increased recovery of materials and obtain energy from waste; reduce total volumes of waste disposed to landfill, create wealth and minimize the incidence of public health issues and environmental pollution.
He said the rationale for segregation at the source of solid waste before collection is to help improve efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery and minimise the amount of waste being land-filled and also gain value from secondary raw materials.
The wastes are supposed to be segregated based on colour coded “recycle bins” with assigned colours of green, blue and brown.
Green bins are to collect organic waste, blue bins for plastic waste while brown coded bins for paper waste.
He said more than 500 bins have been distributed to the ministries, departments and agencies (MDAs) under the first phase to be used to collect waste on the main premises of their offices while the second tranche of 30 liter bins would be sited within the corridors of each block of offices.
Mr Voado said the project would be gradually extended to schools and gated communities and later extended to the regions and district.
“This programme if extended will eventually reduce the quantity of solid waste that ends up in the available but limited landfill sites thereby increasing the lifespan of the landfills. This will also lead in improved quality of life and contribute largely to the reduction in the incidence of severity of communicable and other diseases in our towns and cities.”
Ms Cindy Badoe, Deputy Director and Head of Built Environment, EPA asked workers at the Ministries to lead the way in waste segregation, which would attract reward systems as a way of motivating people to separate waste.
She urged people to stop buying hot food in plastic bag since they emit toxins due to their light weight.
Ms Akua Akyea Nkrumah, Innovation Manager of JekoraVentures said her company, which is a sole collector of waste in the Ministries Area is ready to collect the segregated waste promptly.
Mr Immanuel Nartey Tokoli, Operations Manager, Jekora Ventures urged the MDAs to pay their waste collection fees on time for prompt collection, saying, most of the ministries are owing. | https://citifmonline.com/2014/08/epa-to-distribute-over-700-waste-bins-to-state-institutions/ |
Psst, buddy. This is RTA's page. Don't edit it without permission from the guy first.
AJ Nilsson is a woman from the RTAverse. A cruel and vicious leader during the 16th century, AJ was frozen alongside her mortal enemy Athena Lee and completely forgotten by the history books until they were revived in the 21st century.
Physical appearance
AJ is a tall 453-year-old woman, although she still has the 26-year-old physique she had when frozen and sealed away from history. AJ has dark skin and long pink hair, usually underneath a Viking helmet, and red eyes. AJ has reprised most of her outfit from her medieval days, which comprises of a fur scarf, a black leather tunic with a light blue undershirt, black leather gloves, baggy black leather pants and black high heeled leather boots. AJ also carries a very large, heavy sword wherever she goes.
Abilities
AJ was born with superhuman strength. AJ is very capable with this power and can lift up to 100 tons without breaking a sweat. She shares this power with her enemy Athena, but she is far stronger with this ability. Also like Athena, AJ can fly. Unlike Athena however, AJ does not have any wings that grow upon her getting ready to fly, and AJ tends to glide for much less time. AJ also has pyrokinetic powers, which she commonly uses in battle in order to force her enemies to keep their distance from her which gives AJ more time to attack them. Her pyrokinesis is very strong, reaching 350 degrees Celsius and is capable of boiling most things it comes into elongated contact with. Last of all, AJ is capable of manipulating other people's thoughts at any time. She does this through strong telepathy, which can break through most defenses, although she isn't capable of manipulating Athena, whose own psychic powers cancel out AJ's telepathy.
Personality
AJ is cold and ruthless, and never shows any regard for human life. AJ tends to kill anyone who decides to oppose her power and sometimes simply kills people unprovoked, such as her own husband. AJ is purely set on trying to take over the world and has built up a gruesome reputation from the minute details rooted up about her since she was frozen. AJ has been in an incredibly angry mood ever since she and Athena were unfrozen in the 21st century, almost killing the woman who freed them both the moment she got out of the ice. Her main reason for being angry is mainly the fact that her followers simply allowed her to be frozen without fighting for her at all. AJ is regularly rather deceptive too, using her thought control powers in order to trick people into thinking she is a good person so she can gain great amounts of trust from them, only for her to kill them later on and take their belongings in order to try and make herself stronger than she already is.
Trivia
- Like Athena, AJ originated from Soulcalibur 4, where her fighting style was based off Nightmare.
- AJ's weapon was the Steel Paddle, which was more of a slab than it was a sword, but it was changed to a sword for the sake of her story.
- AJ is ambidextrous, but always used her right hand in medieval times. In the modern ages, she has started using her left hand much more.
- AJ was originally going to be a Viking leader, which is why she has the Viking helmet, but this would have been a glaring anachronism, even by the RTAverse's standards. The Viking age had ended 500 years before AJ was even born. | https://fantendo.fandom.com/wiki/AJ_Nilsson |
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Former Wallabies captain John Eales claims opposition teams need to defuse the All Blacks haka by reclaiming the moments before kick-off.
Eales played 55 tests for Australia from 1991-2001, leading them to World Cup victory in 1999. He faced New Zealand 20 times during his career - 11 of them as captain - and enjoyed winning records in both capacities.
But he still regrets the two tests in 1996, when he instructed his team to turn their backs on the All Blacks haka. Eales addresses those incidents in a Discovery Channel documentary entitled "John Eales Reveals: The Haka", screening 7pm tomorrow.
"It really polarised people," Eales told Newstalk ZB's Tony Veitch. "Some people - Australians and New Zealanders - said it was a disgrace to turn our backs on that history, that we weren't brave enough as Australians.
"Other people said 'good on you, you don't have to let them dictate what you do in response'.
"I wanted to go on this journey, and learn a bit more to make up my own mind whether it was right or wrong, what we did that day."
On the first occasion, the Wallabies suffered a 43-6 hiding, acknowledged as one of the greatest-ever All Black performances in horrible conditions at Wellington's Athletic Park. Three weeks later, the Aussies were desperately unlucky to lose the rematch in Brisbane.
"People often ask me about the haka and I do regret not facing the haka at this time."
While filming the documentary, Eales, 47, was guided through his cultural journey by former All Blacks captain Wayne Shelford, who really rekindled the haka during the late 1980s.
Adam Coleman of the Wallabies watches the haka before the Bledisloe Cup match against New Zealand. Photo/Getty Images
Adam Coleman of the Wallabies watches the haka before the Bledisloe Cup match against New Zealand. Photo/Getty Images
"The true value of the haka is in connection, and as the opposition, you need to decide how you are going to connect and not dissipate as a team in that moment."
Later in Eales' career, under coach Rod McQueen, the Wallabies decided to face the haka in their tracksuits and then huddle together afterwards to refocus.
"We turned it around," he said. "We respected the haka, but went back to owning those last few minutes before the kick-off.
"It didn't mean the other team couldn't do something as well, but that was how we turned the focus back to us and reconnected as a team before kick-off."
For a while, Aussie singer John Williamson would also lead home crowds in a few verses of "Waltzing Matilda" in answer to the haka.
"That really engaged the crowd and got them singing," said Eales. "But I'm not sure everyone identifies with 'Waltzing Matilda' like they would with a haka on a true meaning perspective.
"They identified it as an Australian song, although I don't know that it's a great Australian song as far as the messages in it."
While critics claim the haka has been overdone in recent years, Eales doesn't necessarily buy into that view. Most New Zealand national sporting teams have incorporated the ritual into their pre-game routines, and even Super Rugby franchises composed and performed their own haka when they face the British & Irish Lions.
"There's no quota for it," insisted Eales. "You can't say only these teams can do it, how many times they can do it and where ... it's difficult to be precise on those issues.
"As long as it means something, then it gives the team the opportunity to connect and not only connect with the team, but also with their fans, their people.
"If it means something, it will do that ... if it means nothing, it won't do that, and it's a waste of time and space." | |
You’ve probably watched your dog do some rather bizarre things while sleeping that may make you wonder, “Do dogs have dreams?” Sometimes dogs may unexpectedly start vocalizing, either barking, whimpering or growling in their sleep. Sometimes dogs shake, quiver, and twitch. Some dogs even behave as though they are running, with their legs pumping in the air as they snore away. Occasionally dogs have even been known to snap at the air in their sleep, like they are trying to bite something or someone only they can see.
Based on canine research, it’s highly probable that dogs do in fact dream. Even cooler, they actually may dream in the same or similar ways that humans dream, by replaying the prior day’s events during their sleep cycle. This is because structurally, dogs have brains that are a lot like humans. When a dog is sleeping, brain wave patterns that resemble the same as humans exhibit while sleeping can be observed. Dogs appear to go through the same stages of electrical and brainwave activity while sleeping that people go through, which points to the probability they are in fact dreaming.
Psychology Today actually says it would be surprising if dogs didn’t dream, because it’s been observed that even simple-minded rats appear to dream in a similar way as humans, and dogs are more intelligent than rats. The American Kennel Club cites a study from researchers at MIT where rats were trained to run a maze. They monitored the rats during REM sleep and observed their brain activity. REM sleep is the time in the sleep cycle humans dream. According to the study, the findings showed the rat’s brain activity was the same as the activity displayed when the rats were running, which leads to the conclusion that the rats were dreaming about their day and the maze they’d run through before sleeping.
What are Dreams?
Dreams are still a bit of a mystery. Most experts believe they are subconscious imaginings that could be related to emotions, memories, and/or past events. A dream can include vivid sensory experiences like colors, sounds, and images. Sometimes (with humans at least), dreams can be so vivid they can be mistaken for reality.
Other experts think that dreams may be a way to process information. This information could be associated with whatever you did that day or even something you did years ago in the form of repressed or forgotten memories. Dreams can be confusing and frightening or seem perfectly real and rational.
Some experts believe that dreams are necessary for optimal health, both mentally, physically, and emotionally, whereas other researchers think that dreams serve no real purpose or function and are just a byproduct of the sleeping imagination. Still other experts believe that dreams are a blend of both memories and experiences, although they aren’t exactly memories of experiences. They are more like puzzle pieces of memories and experiences, put together in the brain in new and different ways that help dogs (and people) learn from their environment and experiences.
Either way, it’s agreed all across the board that dreams are tricky and complex. Until new breakthroughs in the science behind dreams occur, they may remain so for the foreseeable future.
Do Dogs Dream Differently Than Humans?
Though there are many similarities between dogs and humans, dogs do dream a little bit differently. Dogs experience sleep cycles in the same manner humans do, although their cycles operate a bit differently than ours. It appears that like people, dogs dream during the REM (or rapid eye movement) stage of sleep. But the REM stage occurs at different points in the cycle with dogs. Whereas a human may have five 90 minutes full sleep cycles in a night, dogs are thought to have more frequent, shorter sleep cycles. It’s not uncommon for a dog to experience 20 sleep cycles in a night, averaging about 15 minutes each in length.
This means that even though humans and dogs experience similar sleep stages, dogs sleep a lot more than humans. A dog’s sleep cycle starts with periods of wakefulness, followed by REM sleep, and then non-rapid eye movement sleep. Humans experience the same stages, but also dream during non-REM sleep. However, it’s the REM sleep dreams that are often vivid and weird and the most memorable. Whether dogs also dream during this non-REM phase of sleep is unknown, but if they are similar to humans in all other stages of sleep, then it’s possible they dream during this stage as well.
Could a Medical Condition Be Mistaken as Dreaming?
It could, but it’s not likely. A dog that is asleep and dreaming behaves much differently from a dog with a health problem or medical disorder such as canine seizures or REM behavior disorder. Even though a dog’s actions and movements during sleep can get somewhat excited, a dog that is having a seizure will behave in a way that is noticeably different. When a dog has a seizure, the movements of his body are jerkier, and they tend to be faster than sleep movements. Additionally, a dog that is having a seizure won’t be able to wake up from it when you call his name.
If a dog is merely sleeping and dreaming, when he hears you say his name he will awaken right away. Dogs experiencing REM behavior disorder will also behave in a way that’s different from dreaming. In REM behavior disorder, the pons doesn’t appear to work properly. So, a dog can remain sleeping yet still get up and walk around like they are awake. Much like humans that sleepwalk. If you suspect some kind of REM sleep disorder, it’s wise to talk to your vet and try to get an accurate diagnosis. Your vet can help you decide what course of treatment is best for your dog and how you can keep your dog safe in spite of their behaviors.
What Do Dogs Dream Of?
Currently, it’s a sort of “best guess” scenario. Many dream experts think that the brain uses dreams to process information and past events. Dreams may often recall memories of things that we experience when we are awake, whether it’s a memory of something that happened that day or last week. It’s thought that a dog’s dreams may be similar in that they recall events that have happened when they were awake too, and dream about them.
In both humans and dogs there is something in the brainstem called the pons. When it’s working, it keeps humans (and dogs) from acting out dreams physically. This is a good thing, because acting out dreams could get dangerous. An experiment was done where researchers deactivated the pons in dogs temporarily as a way to try to determine what dogs might be dreaming about when they fall asleep. The findings showed that dogs seemed to be clearly dreaming about life as a dog. When the pons were deactivated, they found the dogs would begin to move in their sleep during the REM stage associated with dreaming, even though they were still sleeping. Despite still being asleep, the dogs would move in real time, performing the action they appeared to be dreaming about.
For instance, if a dog was dreaming about digging a hole, or chasing something, or even fighting with another dog, with the pons deactivated, he would act it out even though he was still sleeping. Another interesting aspect about the REM stage of sleep is if you watch your dog closely, you can see when he enters this REM state and starts dreaming. During the REM sleep a dog’s eyes will move rapidly back-and-forth beneath the eyelids as images and memories are replayed in his mind. This phenomenon occurs with humans as well when they enter the REM state and begin to dream. Their eyes move back-and-forth beneath their lids, and sometimes you may notice little, involuntary muscle twitches and spasms in the body.
Do All Dogs Dream the Same?
Actually, it’s thought that smaller dogs may have more dreams than larger dogs even though those dreams may be shorter in duration. This appears to be related to the length of his sleep cycles. A smaller dog appears to dream more frequently, having a dream every 10 minutes during his sleep cycle. Whereas a larger dog will dream less often, having a dream every 90 minutes or so as he progresses through the sleep cycle and his dreams will last longer in duration.
It’s also thought that what a dog does throughout his day may direct his dream state. Dogs that are trained to hunt and point will often display hunting and pointing behaviors while sleeping, whereas a guard dog may display guarding behavior in his dreams. A dog that likes to play fetch may exhibit fetching behavior during his sleep, indicating he is dreaming of chasing a ball and fetching it. So, whatever breed of dog you have and what he does all day, whether it’s something he is innately bred to do or it’s just something he does as a quirky habit, could make its way into his dreams.
Puppies are also thought to dream more than adult dogs dream, which is possibly related to the massive amount of information puppies acquire in the first few months to a year of life. Puppies are like any other baby, little sponges soaking up their experiences and the quirks of the environment around them. The dream state may be the way a puppy processes all that new information and catalogs it within his mind. The same seems to hold true for senior dogs, they appear to dream more often than middle-aged dogs, although it’s not fully understood why.
Is It Dangerous to Wake a Sleeping Dog?
It can be dangerous to wake your dog if you know they are in the middle of a dream. It’s usually fairly easy to tell when a dog is dreaming, because of the involuntary movements and vocalizing they may do. Even though the pons is active and keeping their major muscles from moving, it has no control over smaller muscles that could still twitch and move while dreaming. If you wake a dog in the middle of a REM stage of sleep, they could be confused and act out. That means you could accidentally get bit before they are fully awake and aware of what they are doing, even if your dog has never shown signs of canine aggression. So, the best thing to do if you know your dog is dreaming is to let them sleep it out and wake up on their own.
Can a Dog Have Nightmares, Too?
Unfortunately, dogs can have bad dreams too. This is why it’s important not to wake your dog during the REM stage of sleep, because he could be having a dream that is bad or scary. It’s tough to watch a dog that appears to be trapped in a nightmare, you might instinctively want to wake your dog and comfort him, but that’s a bad idea. If you wake him in this state, he could inadvertently snap or bite you before he reorients himself and realizes he is safe with his humans.
Ultimately, a dog’s brain really isn’t so different from the human brain, so the question of do dogs dream can be answered with a resounding yes. The bigger question is determining what a dog dreams about and how those dreams may impact a dog’s health. If doggie dreams are anything like humans, they are an important part of the sleep process. Having healthy sleep patterns serve to help a dog not just survive but thrive.
Sources:
- “Do Dogs Dream?” Psychology Today, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/canine-corner/201010/do-dogs-dream.
- Donovan, Liz. “Do Dogs Dream?.” American Kennel Club, 9 Nov. 2015, www.akc.org/expert-advice/lifestyle/do-dogs-dream/.
- “Do Dogs Dream?” PetMD, 26 Sept. 2016, www.petmd.com/dog/general-health/do-dogs-dream.
- “Do Dogs Dream?” VCA Hospitals, www.vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/do-dogs-dream. | https://canna-pet.com/articles/do-dogs-dream/ |
Athletes receive ranking points when they place 1st, 2nd, and 3rd place in any division. Rankings are separated by age and belt division, as well as Gi and No-Gi. Ranking points do not transfer across age or belt rankings, and points earned in a Gi tournament are not counted towards the No-Gi rankings and vice-versa. The IBJJF ranking shows the athletes with their current total points in each specific ranking.
Points are calculated based on the three most recent ranking seasons, with the current season carrying the most weight. Once the new season starts, points from the previous seasons drop down in weight. You can find more information on how points are calculated at https://ibjjf.com/athlete-ranking-info.
Points do not transfer between belt rank or age division. Points earned in different weight categories of the same age and belt division are all counted for the total rankings, but do not transfer across weight divisions for the weight division rankings.
Tournaments carry different weights, with points earned in Worlds carrying the heaviest weight of 7. Points earned in Worlds are multiplied by 7 and are also multiplied by that season’s current weight, but does not necessarily mean you will have the most total points for all tournaments of that age and belt division.
Athletes will only appear in the rankings for their current belt rank. Once an athlete has been promoted and updates their membership to their new belt rank, they are no longer in the rankings for the previous belt rank, since they are no longer that belt rank. | https://help.ibjjf.com/ranking/ |
Many common themes run through the lives of those who have suffered trauma in early childhood. Feelings of being out of control- issues in fact with control itself, are very common. Many survivors “pretend” they are stronger, more assertive and more in control than they actually feel… this mask gives a false sense of safety and security. Because it’s a facade, the pain of what happened is exacerbated by the mask that needs to be worn all the time. It’s an exhausting circle of hide and seek with the self and others.
Some people decide to grasp control through extensive discipline and reproach. Limiting of nutrients and sustenance through diet and exercise is a common way that unresolved issues with control manifest. ….Anorexia, bulimia, cutting, bruising…. all coping mechanisms meant to give this false sense of safety.
While the root of the issue with control is the silence that abuse engenders; the very idea of “speaking up” is difficult for some; especially if this method was tried before but the message fell on deaf ears.
Parents and loved ones don’t always deny an abuse story because they don’t believe it- the denial comes from their own sense of guilt and shame from being the person who “allowed it to happen”.
Denial and/or the lack of support-full understanding from those close create the feeling of a deficit within the abused person which leads to the desire to “replicate and change” the outcome of the abuse and subsequent reactions to the abuse by replaying it in present day situations with the hope that they are finally “good enough” to attain a different result. This is a self defeating exercise.
Trying to change a toxic situation into a positive one only fuels and triggers the toxicity already present. To change the situation, one must move from it.
Healing from trauma is a process that is constantly spiraling back to itself. We reach new levels of understanding as we revisit the pain to gain the extra wisdom hidden within.
We can only reach others as deeply as we reach ourselves. Survivors are the deepest healers because they have had to reach deep within themselves, to the darkest spots; soothing them with loving kindness, compassion, joy and freedom (the four elements of love).
~acknowledge, accept, release, repeat~
If you are a survivor looking for more, looking for a place of safety within yourself, looking for a divine purpose…. find your breathe… silence your mind… and allow the universe to reside inside. | https://mystichealingreiki.com/2019/09/14/abuse-survivors-and-the-need-to-control/ |
The Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) is one of the most dynamic university campuses in Europe and ranks among the top 20 universities worldwide. The EPFL employs 6,000 people supporting the three main missions of the institutions: education, research and innovation. The EPFL campus offers an exceptional working environment at the heart of a community of 16,000 people, including over 10,000 students and 3,500 researchers from 120 different countries.
Contribute to research conducted at the International Risk Governance Center (IRGC) https://irgc.epfl.ch about governance of risks related to digitalisation, machine learning and cyber security.
Work for a Horizon 2020 project about the governance and regulation of and by digital technologies such as AI, distributed ledger technologies and the IoT. The field is developing much faster than the pace at which institutions and governance can adapt. Advancements represent both opportunities to mitigate some existing risks, and also new risks, including risks to cybersecurity, privacy, data protection and institutions themselves.
First: research and writing (IRGC publications and scientific papers).
Then: presentation to stakeholders and communication to a broad (technical or non-technical) audience.
Multi-disciplinary education in computer / data science and one branch of social sciences (e.g. political science, sociology, public administration): University education, preferably at the Doctoral degree level.
Given IRGC's mission to bridge technical and social science research with policy decisions, including developing recommendations to governing opportunities and risks from new technology, the candidate must be familiar with both on-going developments in machine learning and security / privacy preserving solutions, and the international policy and regulatory context. Previous experience in similar research and policy questions will be an asset.
Ability to speak and write perfectly in English, and previous experience (demonstrated by writing samples).
Interpersonal skills, team spirit, reliability, flexibility.
Communication skills and experience in building trust, consensus and mutual dialogue in multicultural and multi-stakeholder environments.
Commitment to the importance of science, technology, policy, innovation and risk governance for governments and society, and to making IRGC’s work relevant to policy and society.
Opportunity to work in an international and dynamic university that does breakthrough research and innovation in some emerging technologies.
Opportunity to influence the public policy agenda about technologies.
A challenging, highly-skilled multicultural and multi-disciplinary working environment, connected to the IRGC Foundation (www.irgc.org).
Strong external visibility and contact with numerous international institutions and stakeholders.
EPFL is one of the two Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology. With the status of a national school since 1969, the young engineering school has grown in many dimensions. | https://fr.academicpositions.ch/ad/ecole-polytechnique-federale-de-lausanne-epfl/2019/scientific-collaborator-risk-governance-and-digitalisation/123713 |
The Shorenstein Center’s Setti Warren, Nancy Gibbs, and Joan Donovan sit with Rob Faris, author of Network Propaganda and Senior Researcher at the Shorenstein Center. Together they discuss how the COVID-19 pandemic will impact our elections, campaigns, and journalism.
This talk is part of the Big, If True webinar series hosted by Joan Donovan, Ph.D., who heads up the Technology and Social Change Research Project (TaSC) at Harvard University’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy.
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BIO: Rob Faris
Robert Faris is the research director at the Berkman Klein Center where he contributes and provides oversight to research at the center. His research includes the study of digital communication mechanisms by civil society organizations and social movements, and the emergence and impact of digitally-mediated collective action, as well as the influence of networked digital technologies on democracy and governance and the evolving role of new media in political change. His current work includes applied research into the networked public sphere drawing on the Media Cloud platform, the monitoring and measurement of Internet activity and content controls based on the Internet Monitor platform, and research into the phenomenon of harmful speech online.
Faris holds a M.A. and PhD. in International Relations from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University and a B.A. in Anthropology from the University of Pennsylvania.
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BIO: Setti Warren
Setti D. Warren served as Mayor of Newton, Massachusetts from January 1, 2010 to January 1 2018. He was the first African-American to be a popularly-elected mayor in Massachusetts. After graduating from Boston College, he began an extensive career in public service, serving as special assistant in the White House Office of Cabinet Affairs for President Bill Clinton; as New England director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency; and as deputy state director for Senator John F. Kerry (D-MA). Prior to running for mayor, Mayor Warren completed a yearlong tour of duty in Iraq as a naval intelligence specialist.
He served on the advisory board of the United States Conference of Mayors, chairing the organization’s community housing and development committee. Mayor Warren is also a life member of The Council on Foreign Relations and a board member of Discovering Justice. He is currently the Executive Director of the Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School.
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BIO: Nancy Gibbs
Nancy Gibbs is the visiting Edward R. Murrow Professor of Practice of Press, Politics and Public Policy. Until September 2017, she was Editor in Chief of TIME, directing news and feature coverage across all platforms for more than 65 million readers worldwide, as well as Editorial Director of the Time Inc. News Group. Gibbs was named TIME’s 17th editor in September 2013, the first woman to hold the position, and remains an Editor at Large. Under her leadership, TIME’s digital audience grew from 25 to 55 million, video streams passed 1 billion a year, and TIME won a primetime Emmy award for its two-part “A Year in Space” documentary, produced with PBS. During her three decades at TIME, she covered four presidential campaigns and is the author of more cover stories than any writer in TIME’s near-100 year history, including the black-bordered “September 11” special issue, which won the National Magazine Award in 2002. Bio from Harvard Kennedy School
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BIO: Joan Donovan
Dr. Joan Donovan is Director of the Technology and Social Change (TaSC) Research Project at the Shorenstein Center. Dr. Donovan leads the field in examining internet and technology studies, online extremism, media manipulation, and disinformation campaigns.
Dr. Donovan’s research and teaching interests are focused on media manipulation, effects of disinformation campaigns, and adversarial media movements.
Dr. Donovan’s research can be found in academic peer-reviewed journals such as Social Media + Society, Journal of Contemporary Ethnography (JCE), Information, Communication & Society, Social Studies of Science, and Online Information Review. Her contributions can also be found in the books, Data Science Landscape: Towards Research Standards and Protocols and Unlike Us Reader: Social Media Monopolies and Their Alternatives. Dr. Donovan’s research and expertise has been showcased in a wide array of media outlets including NPR, Washington Post, The New York Times, Rolling Stone, The Atlantic, and more.
Prior to joining Harvard Kennedy School, Dr. Donovan was the Research Lead for Data & Society’s Media Manipulation Initiative, where she led a large team of researchers studying efforts to manipulate sociotechnical systems for political gain. She continues to hold an affiliate appointment with Data & Society.
Dr. Donovan received her Ph.D. in Sociology and Science Studies from the University of California San Diego, and was a postdoctoral fellow at the UCLA Institute for Society and Genetics, where she studied white supremacists’ use of DNA ancestry tests, social movements, and technology. | https://forum-network.org/lectures/democracy-during-pandemic/ |
A juicy Top Loin Roast is rubbed with a simple mixture of garlic and thyme for big time flavor and served with roasted cauliflower for more wow!
Preheat oven to 325°F. Press 2 teaspoons of garlic evenly onto all surfaces of beef roast. Press thyme evenly over roast.
Place roast, fat-side up, on rack in shallow roasting pan. Insert ovenproof meat thermometer so tip is centered in thickest part of beef, not resting in fat. Do not add water or cover. Roast on center rack in 325°F oven 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 hours for medium rare; 1-1/2 to 1-3/4 hours for medium doneness.
Meanwhile, toss remaining 2 teaspoons garlic, 4 tablespoons oil and cauliflower on rimmed baking sheet. Season with salt and pepper, as desired. Cover with aluminum foil; bake on lower rack 45 minutes. Combine bread crumbs and remaining 2 tablespoons oil. Remove foil; sprinkle bread crumbs evenly over cauliflower. Continue to bake, uncovered, 30 to 45 minutes or until crumbs are golden brown and cauliflower begins to brown.
Remove roast when meat thermometer registers 135°F for medium rare; 145°F for medium. Transfer roast to carving board; tent loosely with aluminum foil. Let stand 15 to 20 minutes. (Temperature will continue to rise about 10°-15°F to reach 145°F for medium rare; 160°F for medium.)
Carve roast into slices; season with salt and pepper, as desired. Serve with cauliflower.
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Nutrition information per serving: 282 Calories; 13g Total Fat; 3g Saturated Fat; 7g Monounsaturated Fat; 56mg Cholesterol; 254mg Sodium; 12g Total carbohydrate; 28g Protein; 2.5mg Iron; 7.9mg Niacin; 0.9mg Vitamin B6; 158.2mg Choline; 1.4mcg Vitamin B12; 5mg Zinc; 29.7mcg Selenium; 3.8g Fiber.
This centerpiece roast is tender, juicy and full of flavor.
We all know that beef tastes great, but did you know how good it is for you too? A 3 oz. serving of lean beef provides 10 essential nutrients in around 150 calories, less than 10 grams of total fat and less than 95 mg of cholesterol.
From farm to fork, everyone plays an important role in beef safety. Safety plays an essential function across the beef lifecycle journey – from the cattle ranches across the U.S., to the meat processing plants, to your kitchen table.
Much has changed since the days of cowboys, cattle drives and the Old West. Today, it's more about drones, apps and computers. Join us as we travel across the country talking to real, modern ranchers.
We all know beef tastes great – but did you know that beef can be good for you, too? Check out some answers to your most pressing questions when it comes to incorporating beef into a heart-healthy lifestyle. | https://www.beefitswhatsfordinner.com/recipes/recipe/3848/herb-topped-beef-roast-with-roasted-cauliflower |
The primary responsibilities of the Software Developer include the development, design and implementation of new or modified software products or ongoing business projects. Duties revolve around building software by writing code, as well as modifying software to fix errors, adapt it to new hardware, improve its performance, or upgrade interfaces. Other responsibilities include system testing and validation procedures and working with customers or departments on technical issues including software system design and maintenance. The ideal candidate must be able to perform data analysis tracking data elements from the source, through transformation all the way to the target destination. The Software Developer supports delivery of business and education solutions and supports software solutions while collaborating with business users to understand requirements for solutions.
ESSENTIAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Responsibilities include:
- Researching, designing, implementing, and managing software programs
- Testing and evaluating new programs
- Identifying areas for modification in existing programs and subsequently developing these modifications
- Writing and implementing efficient code
- Determining operational practicality
- Developing quality assurance procedures
- Deploying software tools, processes, and metrics
- Maintaining and upgrading existing systems
- Training users
- Working closely with other developers, UX designers, business, and systems analysts
OTHER DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
May perform other duties and responsibilities that management may deem necessary from time to time.
TRAVEL REQUIREMENTS
10%
MANAGEMENT/SUPERVISORY RESPONSIBILITIES
N/A
POSITION IN ORGANIZATION
REPORTS TO: Chief Information Officer
POSITIONS SUPERVISED: N/A
TECHNICAL, MANAGERIAL, and PEOPLE SKILLS REQUIRED
To perform this job successfully an individual must be able to perform each essential duty satisfactorily. The requirements listed below are representative of the knowledge, skill, and/or ability required. Incumbents will be evaluated, in part, based on performance of each essential function. Appropriate reasonable accommodations may be made to enable individuals with disabilities to perform essential functions.
- Demonstrated a strong business acumen and the ability to work independently and across teams.
- Driven, self-starter who can collaborate across all levels and teams within an organization.
- Effective written and oral communication is a must.
- Advanced knowledge of Microsoft Office (including MS Access) suite required.
- Experience working in an Agile development environment, a plus.
- Ability to learn new languages and technologies; demonstrated resourcefulness and troubleshooting aptitude.
- Attention to detail.
EDUCATION and/or EXPERIENCE
- Undergraduate degree in computer science or at least 5 years of work experience in relevant field.
- Proven experience as a Software Developer, Software Engineer or similar role
- Familiarity with Agile development methodologies
- Experience with software design and development in a test-driven environment
- Experience with databases and Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) frameworks (e.g., Hibernate)
BUSINESS COMPETENCIES
- Collaborates - Building partnerships and working collaboratively with others to meet shared objectives.
- Being Resilient - Rebounding from setbacks and adversity when facing difficult situations.
- Instills Trust - Gaining the confidence and trust of others through honesty, integrity, and authenticity.
- Drives Results - Consistently achieving results, even under tough circumstances.
- Innovation - Creating new and better ways for the organization to be successful.
- Customer Focus - Building strong customer relationships and delivering customer-centric solutions.
WORK ENVIRONMENT
Work is performed primarily in a standard office environment but may involve exposure to moderate noise levels. Work involves operation of personal computer equipment for six to eight hours daily and includes physical demands associated with a traditional office setting, e.g., walking, standing, communicating, and other physical functions as necessary. | https://us63.dayforcehcm.com/CandidatePortal/en-US/usahs/Site/62539/Posting/View/2673 |
Engineering Events staff at SAE International in Warrendale, Pennsylvania, have extended the call for abstracts through September 21 for the...
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ARTISTS from across Merseyside are being invited to send in their ideas for an exhibition or project at Tate Liverpool.
The scheme named Art North West will offer one artist or artist collective to have their work represented at the art museum in spring 2021.
Any artists who are interested must respond to the call by September 10, 2019 with proposals being longlisted by Tate Liverpool's director Helen Legg and assistant curator Tamar Hemmes.
Those making the final decision also include Leeds based artist Simeon Barclay, curator of British Art at Walker Art Gallery Charlotte Keenan and curator of Contemporary British Art at Tate Britain Linsey Young.
Working with the support of Tate Liverpool staff across a number of topics such as: curatorial; learning; development; communications; art handling; visitor experience and interpretation departments, the chosen artist or collective will have 18-months to develop and ultimately present their project.
This is a unique opportunity for the successful candidate to have their artistic practice represented at Tate Liverpool, the most visited gallery of modern and contemporary art outside of London.
Helen told the Globe: "Since taking on the role of director and moving to Liverpool last year I have been struck by the thriving north west art scene that is cultivating exciting art and artists.
"We hope that this opportunity offers support and continues to build on our relationship with this community, which has been fostered through artists’ breakfasts at Tate Liverpool and numerous studio visits.
"In the long-term I want this to demonstrate Tate Liverpool’s continued commitment to the region’s artists, encouraging them to continue to work here and also inspiring artists from outside the region to consider living and working in the North West."
Tate Liverpool is looking for applicants who can show a serious commitment to their practice which is evidenced by a strong body of work.
Each applicant should have at least five years exhibiting experience and must be living and working in the North West to be eligible.
Artists and artist collectives who wish to apply can download the application form from www.tate.org.uk/about-us/working-at-tate and submit it to [email protected] by 12pm, 10 September 2019.
Helen Legg will also host three Information Sessions in venues across the north west of England for those interested in applying to ask questions and find out more. They will be taking place on Friday, August 16; Thursday, August 22, and Tuesday August 27. | https://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/17806121.merseyside-artists-invited-apply-exhibition-tate-liverpool/ |
As humans we have been uniquely configured to exhibit behavioural patterns which reflect how we feel. The expression we give to life and how we see it is often determined by these feelings – that is, those happy moments when we feel ecstatic or those sad times when we feel as if our world is crumbling.
In fact, our reactions to stimulus generated from our internal environment – our minds and our thoughts; and our external environment (people and situations around us); even, the hobbies and activities we choose to engage in, ride on the wings of these subjective inclinations – emotions,. In a nutshell, how we feel, act, react; what we perceive and the inferences we draw are products of our emotional state.
The Merriam Webster dictionary defines emotion as a strong feeling deriving from one’s circumstances, mood, or relationships with others. Don and Sandra Hockenbury, authors of the book Discovering Psychology provides a lucid appreciation of the concept by conceiving it as a complex psychological state that involves three distinct components; a subjective experience, a physiological response and a behavioural or expressive response.
The aspect of subjective experience entails that emotion is universal, though the degree of expression varies from person to person. For instance, anger can be expressed as mild annoyance by one person and as a tempestuous outburst by another. Also, events like preparation for marriage or child birth produces series of varied emotions. While some may be happy at the thought, some others may be tensed up. It could also be expressed as a purgation of a blend of mixed reaction in some people. This makes emotion subjective to individual unique psychological build up.
Emotions produce physiological reactions. Have you ever felt goose bumps rising on your face and skin simply because you feel anxious? Or you’ve felt your heart drums beating ferociously because you are angry? These are examples of physiological reactions generated by your emotional state. Other physiological reactions include widening your brow, heaving a sigh of relief and nodding intermittently when no music is playing.
Behavioural response as a component of emotion is not far-fetched. It entails your reaction towards people around you stemming from how you feel and the perception of how are being treated. Behavioural reaction ranges from verbal and non-verbal cues during communication to physical expressions such as slapping, shaking hands and hugging. However, physical expressions of emotions can be deceptive. For instance, you could shake someone or hug a friend who you know is conspiring against you just to show maturity. This is suggestive that emotions can be manipulated.
There is also the dimension of Mixed or combined emotions in the discourse of emotions. This theory was pioneered by psychologist, Robert Plutchik who conceived “the wheel of emotions.” According to him, individuals are capable of producing strings of emotions simultaneously when responding to certain stimuli just like an painter produces shades of several colours. For instance, when one intends to develop love relationships, interplay of several emotion is seen. Such feeling as that of happiness, trust, joy and satisfaction are developed by an individual and expressed at the same time towards a singular intent - love.
Paul Eckman, an American psychologist, in his book Emotion In The Human Face published in 1972 identified six basic kinds of emotions which include; happiness, disgust, sadness, anger, surprise and fear. However, in 2003, he further identified shame, excitement, embarrassment and pride as types of emotions in his book Emotions Revealed. Let’s take the six basic types into consideration.
This is the most sought after feeling. Every activity of man tends towards this end. It is an emotional state that reflects a feeling of contentment, fulfillment or satisfaction; a purgation of joy and a favourable well-being. Happiness is mostly identified by physical expressions such as smiling and dancing, vibrancy, and a relaxed poise. Happiness can be derived from achievements, financial and emotional prosperity, marital bliss and pleasure-oriented activities. Although this form of happiness (pleasure related) is short lived – it expires as soon as that activity is over.
This feeling is associated with our sense of revulsion. It is an acute dislike for something that feels bad or that tastes nasty. For instance, dead things and smelly things, rotten food and dirt can trigger a feeling of disgust. It is strongly identified with nausea.
A sad state is characterized by grief, loss, hopelessness, dissatisfaction and unhappiness. It is transient state which happens occasionally to everyone. However, a perpetual state of sadness is not healthy for one’s mental health as it could lead to depression. Sadness is earmarked by quietness, disassociation from others, moodiness and being lachrymose.
This entails a feeling of hostility and strong displeasure towards somebody or something. Basically, anger can be precipitated by disobedience, distrust, betrayal, deceit, and pain. Feelings of anger provoke responses such as glaring or frowning, turning away or walking out on someone or yelling profusely. Also, it can instigate aggressive behaviours such as kicking, hitting and attacking others with objects.
This transient emotional state is a reaction to an unexpected event or an unprecedented turn of event. It could be positive – that is, in form of amazement or astonishment; or negative – as in shock. It is often revealed by verbal responses such as yelling; physical reactions such as jumping; and physiological reactions such as opening of one’s mouth, raising brows and widening eyes
This is derived from intimidating experiences. There is an instinct to survive in man, as such, when there are situations seemingly threatening to one’s survival, subconsciously, you fret and get scared. Fear is marked by physiological responses such as uneasiness, raised heartbeat and an inclination to hide.
Lastly, emotions rule our lives daily. Hence, you mustn’t allow them control and gain dominion over your life. You must learn to gain control of it. Develop a mastery of it today and always channel it towards positivity.
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1. These International Conditions of Sale apply to all customers of Klingspor Middle East FZCO- hereinafter referred to as Klingspor ME – whose relevant place of business is not in Dubai United Arab Emirates and their Free Zones. For customers whose place of business is in the United Arab Emirates and their Free Zones, the General Conditions of Sale of Klingspor ME apply, which will be forwarded on request. In each case, the relevant place of business is the one which concludes the contract in its own name.
2. These International Conditions of Sale apply to all contracts whose preponderant object is the supply of goods (Abrasives, Cutting-Off and Grinding Discs) and Service to customers. Additional obligations assumed by Klingspor ME do not affect the application of these International Conditions of Sale.
3. Conflicting or differing terms of business of the customer do not bind Klingspor ME, even if Klingspor ME does not explicitly object to them or even if Klingspor ME unconditionally renders performance or accepts the customer’s performance irrespective of the customer’s conflicting or differing terms of business. The provisions of this paragraph equally apply insofar as the terms of business of the customer, irrespective of the contents of these International Conditions of Sale, deviate from statutory provisions.
4. These International Conditions of Sale do not apply, if the customer buys the goods for personal, use and if Klingspor ME knew or should have known that at the conclusion of the contract.
1. The customer is under an obligation to give written notice to Klingspor ME prior to the formation of a contract if the goods to be delivered are to be fit not only for normal use or will be used in circumstances which are unusual or which present a particular risk to health, safety or the environment, or which require a more demanding use or if there is a risk of atypical damages or unusual amounts of loss.
2. Orders of the customer are to be put in writing. If the customer’s order deviates from the proposal or the tender submitted by Klingspor ME, the customer will emphasize the differences as such.
3. All orders, in particular also those received by employees of Klingspor ME, will take effect exclusively if followed by a written acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME. The written acknowledgement of the order can be put down as well as pro-forma-invoice. The actual delivery of the goods ordered, any other conduct of Klingspor or silence on the part of Klingspor ME does not allow the customer to assume the formation of the contract. Klingspor ME can dispatch such written acknowledgement of the order up to and including 14 calendar days after the customer’s order has been received by Klingspor. Until this time, the customer’s order is irrevocable.
4. The written acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME shall be received in time, if it is received by the customer within 14 calendar days after its date of issue. The customer will inform Klingspor ME without delay, if the written acknowledgement of the order is received with some delay.
5. The written acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME sets out all the terms of the contract and brings the contract into effect even if – except for the price for the goods and the quantity to be delivered – the written acknowledgement is not consistent with the declarations of the customer in every respect, especially with reference to the exclusive application of these International Conditions of Sale. Particular wishes of the customer, namely warranties or guarantees with reference to the goods or the performance of the contract therefore require express written confirmation by Klingspor ME in every case. The contract will only fail to come into existence if the customer objects in writing that the acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME is not consistent with the declarations of the customer in every respect and specifies the deviations in writing and the objection is received by Klingspor ME within a short time, at the latest seven calendar days after receipt of the written acknowledgement of the order by the customer.
6. Klingspor’s ME employees, commercial dealers or other sales intermediaries are not authorized to dispense with the requirement of a written acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME or to make promises which differ from its content or guarantees. If and to what extent such persons are authorized to make or receive declarations with effect for or against Klingspor ME, is to be determined according to UAE (Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone) law.
7. Changes to the concluded contract likewise require written confirmation by Klingspor ME.
1. Subject to an exemption according to section VII.-#. B) Klingspor ME must deliver the goods specified in the written acknowledgement of the order and transfer the property in the goods. Klingspor ME is not obliged to perform obligations not stated in the written acknowledgment of the order by Klingspor ME or in these International Conditions of Sale; in particular Klingspor ME is under no obligation to deliver accessories not explicitly listed, to install additional safety devices, to carry out assemblies or to advise the customer. Klingspor ME is in no case liable to perform duties associated with the putting of the goods into circulation outside UAE (Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone Area).
2. Klingspor’s ME obligations under the contract made with the customer are owed only to the customer. Third parties not involved in the conclusion of the contract, in particular the customer’s clients, are not entitled to request delivery to be made to them or to bring any other contractual claim against Klingspor ME. The customer’s responsibility to take delivery continues to exist even if it assigns rights to third parties. The customer gives Klingspor ME an unlimited indemnity against all claims made by third parties against Klingspor ME out of the contract made with the customer. The indemnity includes in particular the reimbursement of expenses incurred by Klingspor ME and is granted by the customer waiving any further conditions or other objections, in particular waiving any defense of limitation.
3. Klingspor ME undertakes to deliver goods of average kind and quality taking account of the tolerances customary in trade concerning the kind, quantity, quality and packaging. If the goods cannot be delivered in the condition offered at the time of the formation of the contract because technical improvements to goods of series production were made, Klingspor ME is entitled to deliver the goods with the improvements. Klingspor ME is entitled to make part deliveries and to invoice them separately. Slight discrepancies in the color of the product are not considered as a defect, and therefore do not authorize a complaint.
4. If further specification is required in relation to the goods to be delivered, Klingspor ME will carry this out having regard to its own interests and to the identifiable and legitimate interests of the customer. A request to the customer to specify the goods, or to participate in the specification, is not required. Klingspor ME does not undertake to inform the customer of the specification it has made or to give the customer the option of a differing specification.
5. Klingspor ME undertakes to place the goods at disposal for collection by the customer at the agreed time of delivery at the place of delivery indicated in the written acknowledgement of the order or by way of precaution at its premises or in other Production Factories. Previous separation or marking of the goods or notification to the customer of the goods being placed at disposal is not required. Klingspor ME is not obliged to arrange for the shipment of the goods or to insure the goods. Under no circumstances, not even when INCOTERMS are agreed Klingspor ME is obliged to inform the customer of the delivery or to examine the goods with respect to their conformity with the contract on the occasion of delivery. The agreement of INCOTERMS in Group F, Group C or Group D or of clauses such as “delivery free……….” or similar ones merely involve a variation of the provisions as to the transportation and the transportation costs; moreover, the provisions laid down in these International Conditions of Sale continue to apply.
6. Agreed delivery time periods or delivery dates are subject to the customers procuring any required documents releases permits, approvals, licenses or any other authorizations or consents in sufficient time, opening letters of credit and/or making down-payments as agreed and performing all other obligations incumbent upon it properly and in good time. Moreover, agreed delivery time-periods begin on the date of the written acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME. Klingspor ME is entitled to deliver earlier than at the agreed delivery time.
3. Without prejudice to its continuing legal rights, Klingspor ME is entitled to fulfill its obligations a%er the delivery time agreed upon, if it informs the customer that it will exceed the delivery time limit and of the time period for late performance. Subject to the aforesaid conditions, Klingspor ME is entitled to make repeated attempts at late performance. The customer can object to late performance within reasonable time, if the late performance is unreasonable. An objection is only effective, if it is received by Klingspor ME before commencing late performance. Klingspor ME will reimburse necessary additional expenditure, proven and incurred by the customer as a result of exceeding the delivery time to the extent that Klingspor ME is liable for this under the provisions laid down in section VII.
4. Risks as to price and performance even in relation to goods which are not clearly identifiable to the contract and without it being necessary for Klingspor ME to give notice, pass to the customer at the latest as soon as the loading of the goods has begun or as soon as the customer does not take delivery in accordance with the contract or title to the goods has passed to the customer. The loading of the goods is part of the customer’s obligations. The agreement of INCOTERMS in Group F, Group C or Group D or of clauses such as “delivery free…..” or similar ones merely involve a variation of the provisions as to the transportation and the transportation costs; moreover, the provisions laid down in these International Conditions of Sale continue to apply.
5. Klingspor ME is not obliged to procure documents or certificates not expressly agreed, to obtain any licenses, authorizations or other documents necessary for the export, transit or import, to satisfy security measures, such as the United States Container Security Initiative, in respect of containers or to procure customs clearance. However, Klingspor ME renders at the customer’s request, risk and expenses every assistance to the customer. The agreement of INCOTERMS in Group F, Group C or Group D or of clauses such as “delivery free……” or similar ones merely involve a variation of the provisions as to the transportation and the transportation costs; moreover, the provisions laid down in these International Conditions of Sale continue to apply.
7. Without prejudice to its continuing legal rights, Klingspor ME is entitled to fulfill its obligations after the delivery time agreed upon, if it informs the customer that it will exceed the delivery time limit and of the time period for late performance. Subject to the aforesaid conditions, Klingspor ME is entitled to make repeated attempts at late performance. The customer can object to late performance within reasonable time, if the late performance is unreasonable. An objection is only effective, if it is received by Klingspor ME before commencing late performance. Klingspor ME will reimburse necessary additional expenditure, proven and incurred by the customer as a result of exceeding the delivery time to the extent that Klingspor ME is liable for this under the provisions laid down in section VII.
8. Risks as to price and performance even in relation to goods which are not clearly identifiable to the contract and without it being necessary for Klingspor ME to give notice, pass to the customer at the latest as soon as the loading of the goods has begun or as soon as the customer does not take delivery in accordance with the contract or title to the goods has passed to the customer. The loading of the goods is part of the customer’s obligations. The agreement of INCOTERMS in Group F, Group C or Group D or of clauses such as “delivery free…..” or similar ones merely involve a variation of the provisions as to the transportation and the transportation costs; moreover, the provisions laid down in these International Conditions of Sale continue to apply.
9. Klingspor ME is not obliged to procure documents or certificates not expressly agreed, to obtain any licenses, authorizations or other documents necessary for the export, transit or import, to satisfy security measures, such as the United States Container Security Initiative, in respect of containers or to procure customs clearance. However, Klingspor ME renders at the customer’s request, risk and expenses every assistance to the customer. The agreement of INCOTERMS in Group F, Group C or Group D or of clauses such as “delivery free……” or similar ones merely involve a variation of the provisions as to the transportation and the transportation costs; moreover, the provisions laid down in these International Conditions of Sale continue to apply.
10. Klingspor ME is not obliged to bear levies, duties and charges accruing outside UAE/ Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone, to comply with weight and measuring systems, packaging, labeling or marking requirements or registration or certification obligations applicable outside UAE/ Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone or to comply with any other legal provisions applicable to the goods outside UAE/ Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone. Klingspor ME is not obliged to make available documents or other written materials about the goods in any language other than English or German or to take back according to legal provisions regarding waste-disposal from the customer or a third party goods delivered to the customer or packaging material. Irrespective of any statutory provisions, the customer shall at its own cost take care of or in any other way ensure renewed utilization, material recycling or otherwise prescribed waste-disposal of the goods delivered by Klingspor ME to the customer and of the packaging material. The customer shall ensure that Klingspor ME is released from all statutory duties to take back or otherwise dispose of the goods and from all rights of third parties in connection there wise. Klingspor’s ME claims under this paragraph against the customer are not subject to any limitation of action until the expiry of two years from the ending of the use of the goods.
11. Without prejudice to its continuing legal rights, Klingspor ME is entitled to suspend the performance of its obligations so long as, in the opinion of Klingspor ME, there are grounds for concern that the customer will wholly or partly fail to fulfill its obligations in accordance with the contract. In particular, the right to suspend arises if the customer insufficiently performs its obligations to enable payment to Klingspor ME or a third party or pays late or if the limit set by a credit insurer has been exceeded or will be exceeded with the forthcoming delivery. Instead of suspending performance Klingspor ME is entitled at its own discretion to make future deliveries, even if confirmed, conditional on payment in advance or on opening of a letter of credit confirmed by one of the big UAE commercial banks. Klingspor ME is not required to continue with performance of its obligations, if an assurance given by the customer to avoid the suspension does not provide adequate security or could be challenged pursuant to an applicable law.
12. Except as provided in section III.-3., Klingspor ME is only obliged to inform the customer of possible disruption in performance, once the commencement of the disruption is definitely certain for Klingspor ME.
1. Irrespective of continuing obligations of the customer to guarantee or to enable payment, the customer undertakes to pay the agreed price for the goods in the currency specified in the written acknowledgement of the order transferring it without deduction and free of expenses and costs to the financial institution designated by Klingspor ME. To the extent that a price for the goods has not been agreed, the price which is at the agreed time of delivery Klingspor’s ME usual price for the goods will apply. Klingspor’s ME employees, commercial agents or other sales intermediaries are not authorized to accept payments.
2. The Minimum value per order is EUR 2.500,--, insofar as no special agreements have been made.
3. The payment to be made by the customer is in any event due for payment at the time specified in the written acknowledgement of the order, or otherwise on receipt of the invoice. The due time for payment arises without any further pre-condition and, in particular, does not depend on whether the customer has already taken delivery of the goods and/or the documents and/or has had an opportunity to examine the goods. The periods granted for payment will cease to apply and outstanding accounts will be due for immediate payment, if insolvency proceedings relating to the assets of the customer are applied for or commenced, if the customer without providing a justifiable reason does not meet fundamental obligations due towards Klingspor ME or towards third Parties, if the customer has provided inaccurate information regarding his creditworthiness or if the cover given by a credit insurer is reduced on grounds for which Klingspor ME is not responsible.
4. The customer warrants that all legal requirements and documentations for the fiscal treatment regarding value added tax of the delivery and/or any service will be fulfilled. To the extent that Klingspor ME has to pay any fine or Tax in the UAE and/or foreign value added tax, the customer will indemnify Klingspor ME in all and every respect without prejudice to any continuing claim by Klingspor ME. The indemnity is granted by the customer waiving any further requirements or other defenses, in particular waiving the defense of limitation or prescription and also includes the reimbursement of the expenses incurred by Klingspor ME.
5. Regardless of the currency and of the jurisdiction of any court, Klingspor ME is entitled at its own discretion to set off incoming payments against claims existing against the customer by virtue of its own or assigned rights at the time of payment.
6. Any statutory rights of the customer to set-off against claims of Klingspor ME are excluded, except where the corresponding claim of the customer is in the same currency, is founded in the customer’s own right and has either been finally adjudicated or is due and undisputed.
7. Any statutory rights of the customer to suspend payment or to suspend taking delivery of the goods or to raise defenses or counterclaims are excluded, except where despite written warning by the customer Klingspor ME has committed a fundamental breach of its obligations due and arising out of the same contractual relationship, and has not offered any adequate assurance.
8. The customer undertakes to take delivery of the goods at the delivery time without taking any additional period of time and at the place of delivery indicated in the written acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME or by way of precaution at the premises of Klingspor ME in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone Area/ UAE. The customer is only entitled to refuse to take delivery of the goods if it avoids the contract in accordance with the rules in section VI.-1.
1. Without prejudice to any exclusion or reduction of liability of the seller provided by law, delivery does not conform with the contract if the customer proves that, taking into account the terms in section III., at the time the risk passes the packaging, quantity, quality or the description of the goods is significantly different to the specifications laid down in the written acknowledgement of the order, or in the absence of agreed specifications, the goods are not fit for the purpose which is usual in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone Area/ UAE. Even if the goods would have been non-conforming according to the legal requirements applicable Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone Area/ UAE, the goods shall be deemed to conform to the contract, to the extent that the legal requirements applicable at the place of business of the customer do not impede the usual use of the goods.
2. To the extent that the written acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME does not contain an explicit statement to the contrary, Klingspor ME is in particular not liable for the goods being fit for a purpose which is not usual in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone Area/ UAE or for complying with further reaching expectations of the customer or for possessing the qualities of a sample or a model or for their compliance with the legal requirements existing outside of Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone Area/ UAE, for instance in the customer’s country. Any assurance or guarantee required by the customer must always be agreed to as such in the written acknowledgement of the order, also in subsequent dealings. Klingspor ME shall also not be liable for any non-conformity with the contract occurring after the time the risk has passed. To the extent that the customer, either himself or through third parties, initiates the removal of non-conformities without the prior consent of Klingspor ME, Klingspor ME will be released from its liability.
3. The customer is obliged vis-à-vis Klingspor ME to examine every single delivery comprehensively for any discoverable or typical lack of conformity with the contract at the place of delivery and moreover as required by law.
4. Without prejudice to any exclusion or reduction of liability of the seller provided by law, the goods delivered have a deficiency in title if the customer proves that the goods are not free from enforceable rights or claims of third parties at the time risk passes. Without prejudice to further legal requirements, third parties rights or claims founded on industrial or other intellectual property constitute a deficiency in title only to the extent that the rights are registered and made public in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone/ UAE and prevent the usual use of the goods in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone/ UAE. Irrespective of the legal requirements applicable in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone/ UAE, title to the goods is not defective, to the extent that the legal requirements applicable at the place of business of the customer do not impede the usual use of the goods.
5. The customer is obliged vis-à-vis Klingspor ME to give notice to Klingspor ME of any lack of conformity with the contract or any deficiency in title, and in any event directly and in writing. Such notice has to be formulated in such a precise manner as to enable Klingspor ME to effect remedy measures without need for further requests and to secure possible claims against Klingspor’s ME suppliers and moreover as required by law. Klingspor’s ME employees, commercial agents or other sales intermediaries are not authorized to accept notices or to make any statements concerning lack of conformity with the contact or of title and its consequences.
6. Following due notice according to section V.-5., the customer can rely on the remedies provided by these International conditions of Sale. The customer has no other rights or claims whatsoever and no claims of a non-contractual nature. In the event of notice not having been properly given, the customer may only rely on remedies if Klingspor ME has fraudulently concealed the lack of conformity with the contract or the deficiency in title. The customer’s remedies for deficiency in title are subject to the same statute of limitations as are the remedies for lack of conformity. Statements by Klingspor ME as to the lack of conformity with the contract or as to the deficiency in title are for the purpose of explaining the factual position only, but do not entail any waiver by Klingspor ME of the requirement of proper notice.
7. The customer is not entitled to remedies for delivery of non-conforming goods or goods with a deficiency in title, insofar as the customer is liable vis-à-vis third parties for conditions of the goods or their fitness for a use which are not subject of the agreement with Klingspor ME, or if the costumer’ claim is based on foreign law not in force in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone/ UAE.
8. To the extent that the customer in accordance with the terms of these International Conditions of Sale is entitled to remedies because of delivery of non-conforming goods or goods with defective title, it is entitled to demand in accordance with the terms of the UN Sales Convention delivery of substitute goods or repair or to reduce the price for the goods. The delivery of substitute goods or repair does not lead to a recommencement of the limitation period. The reduction of the price for the goods is limited to the damages suffered by the customer. Further claims for performance are not available to the customer. Irrespective of the customer’s remedies, Klingspor ME is always entitled in accordance with the provision in section III.-3. To repair goods which do not conform with the contract or to supply substitute goods or to avert the customer’s remedies by giving it a credit note of an appropriate amount.
1. The customer is only entitled to declare the contact avoided, if the respective applicable legal requirements are complied with, after it has threatened Klingspor ME with avoidance of the contract in writing and an additional period of time of reasonable length for performance fixed in writing has expired to no avail. If the customer claims delivery of substitute goods, repair or other performance, it is bound for a reasonable period of time to the chosen remedy, without being able to exercise the right of declaring the contract avoided. In any event, the customer must give notice of avoidance of the contract within reasonable time in writing and to Klingspor ME directly.
2. Without prejudice to its continuing legal rights, Klingspor ME is entitled to avoid the contract in whole or in part without compensation if the customer objects to the application of these International Conditions of Sale, if the written acknowledgement of the order by Klingspor ME is received by the customer more than 14 calendar days after its date of issue, if insolvency proceedings relating to the assets of the customer are applied for or commenced, if the customer without providing a justifiable reason does not meet fundamental obligations due towards Klingspor ME or towards third parties, if the customer has provided inaccurate information regarding it creditworthiness, if the cover given by a credit insurer is reduced on grounds for which Klingspor ME is not responsible, if Klingspor ME through no fault of its own does not receive supplies properly or on time, or if for other reasons Klingspor ME cannot be expected to fulfill its obligations by means which taking into consideration its own interests and that of the customer as far as ascertainable and legitimate at the time of formation of the contact, are unreasonable in particular in relation to the agreed counter-performance.
b) Klingspor ME is not liable for the conduct of suppliers or subcontractors or for damages to which the customer has contributed. Neither is Klingspor ME liable for impediments which occur, as a consequence of natural or political events, acts of state, industrial disputes, sabotage, accidents, terrorism biological, physical or chemical processes or similar circumstances and which cannot be controlled by Klingspor ME with reasonable means. Moreover, Klingspor ME is only liable to the extent that the customer proves that the executive bodies or members of staff of Klingspor ME deliberately or in circumstances amounting to gross negligence have breached contractual obligations owed to the customer.
c) In the event of liability Klingspor ME will compensate within the limits of lit. d) the losses of the customer to the extent that the customer proves that it has suffered an unavoidable loss caused by the breach of contractual obligations by Klingspor ME and foreseeable to Klingspor ME, at the time of the formation of the contract in respect of the occurrence of the loss and its amount. Moreover, the customer is required to mitigate its loss as soon as a breach of contract is or ought to be known.
d) Klingspor ME is not liable for loss of profit or damage to reputation.
e) For breach of contractual obligations owed to the customer, Klingspor ME is obliged to pay damages exclusively in accordance with the provisions of these International conditions of Sale. An Every reliance on concurrent bases of claim, in particular of a non-contractual nature, is excluded. Equally excluded is any recourse against Klingspor’s ME company organs, employees, servants, members of staff, representatives and /or those employed by Klingspor ME in the performance of its obligations on grounds of breach of contractual obligations owed by Klingspor ME.
f) Insofar as the limitation period may not already have barred the claim, claims for damages brought by the customer are excluded after six months beginning with the rejection of the claim for damages by Klingspor ME.
a) In the event of delay in payment the customer will pay the costs of judicial and extra-judicial means and proceedings, usual and accruing within the country and abroad, as well as (without evidence being necessary) interest at the rate applicable in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone/ UAE for unsecured shot-term loans in the agreed currency, at least however interest at 8 per-cent points over the base rate of the UAE Central Bank (Central Bank of the UAE).
b) In the case of a failure to take delivery of the goods by the customer or of seriously late taking delivery of the goods by the customer, Klingspor ME is entitled to claim damages without evidence being necessary up to #! per cent of the value of the goods to be delivered.
1. Title of the goods that have been delivered remains with Klingspor ME until settlement of all claims existing against the customer. The allocation of risk as to price and performance in section III.-8.is not affected by the reservation of title.
2. The customer shall, without any demand being necessary, inform Klingspor ME if Klingspor ME has to observe any particular duties of reporting or registration or providing information or prior notification or retaining documents or any other requirements for access to market, under the provisions in force in the customer’s country or in the country where the goods are to be used. Moreover, the customer will monitor the delivered goods in the market and inform Klingspor ME directly and in writing of any concern that the goods might pose a risk to third parties.
3. Without prejudice to Klingspor’s ME continuing claims, the customer will indemnify Klingspor ME without limit against all claims of third parties which are brought against Klingspor ME on the grounds of product liability or similar provisions, to the extent that the liability is based on circumstances which – such as, for example, the presentation of the product – were caused by the customer or other third parties without express written consent of Klingspor ME. In particular, the indemnity also includes the reimbursement for expenses incurred by Klingspor ME and is granted by the customer waiving further conditions or other objections, in particular without requiring compliance with control and recall obligations, and waiving any defense of limitation.
4. In relation to pictures, drawings, calculations and other documents, which have been made available by Klingspor ME in a material or electronic form, the latter reserves all proprietary rights, copyrights, other industrial property rights as well as know-how rights.
5. All communications, declarations, notices etc. are to be drawn up exclusively in English or German. Communications by means of fax or e-mail fulfill the requirement of being in writing.
6. In the case of late payment by the customer, without prejudice to Klingspor’s ME continuing claims Klingspor ME is entitled unilaterally and without compensation to modify the contract by reducing the customer’s as well as its own contractual obligations. The reduction of contractual obligations applies solely to obligations of the customer and of Klingspor ME which have not yet been performed at the time of the reduction and may only be made with the consequence that both the customer and Klingspor ME have satisfied their contractual obligations and are not obliged to perform further. The reduction does not apply to performance already rendered nor to any remedies of Klingspor ME.
1. The place of performance and payment for all obligations arising from the legal relationship between Klingspor ME and the customer is Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone / UAE. This provision also applies if Klingspor ME assumes the costs of money remittance, renders performance for the customer somewhere else or payment is to be made in exchange of documents or goods or in the case of restitution of performances already rendered. The agreement of INCOTERMS or of clauses such as “delivery free…..” or similar ones merely involve a variation of the provisions as to the transportation and the transportation costs; moreover, the provisions laid down in these International Conditions of Sale continue to apply. Klingspor ME is also entitled to require payment at the place of business of the customer.
2. The United Nations convention of 11. April 1980: on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (UN Sales Convention / CISG) in the English version as well as the usage in force in Dubai/ Jebel Ali Free Zone/ UAE governs the legal relationship with the customer. The UN Sales Convention applies, above and beyond its own area of application, and regardless of reservations adopted by other states, to all contracts to which these International Conditions of Sale are to be applied according to the provisions of section I. Where standard terms of business are used, the INCOTERMS 2010: of the International Chamber of Commerce apply taking into account the provisions stipulated in these International Conditions of Sale.
4. All contractual and extra-contractual disputes arising out of or in connection with any contract and/or agreement to which these International Conditions of Sale apply, including any question as to its existence, validity or termination, the parties shall first seek to settle such dispute amicably. In the event such dispute cannot be settled within a period of : days calculated from the date of notice of such dispute given by either party, either party may refer the dispute to arbitration to be finally resolved according to the Rules of the London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA) without recourse to the ordinary courts of law. The tribunal shall consist of three arbitrators, one of them shall be nominated by the claimant, one of them by the defendant and the chairman shall be nominated by the LCIA, or if the amount in dispute is inferior to € 10.000, there shall be one arbitrator nominated by the LCIA. The place of the arbitration shall be in the country and the city at the place of business of the customer. The language of the arbitration shall be the English language. The arbitration award shall be issued in the English language. | https://www.klingspor.de/en-ae/general-conditions |
I started thinking more strategically about how my cooking efforts could be further stretched into multiple meals – more bang for my buck and, more importantly, my time. Enter: carnitas, a delicious Mexican preparation of pork, simmered slowly until tender and caramelized.
I’ve been making this version of carnitas, which literally translates to “little meats,” for years. It’s one of many brilliant recipes from David Lebovitz. We like carnitas on corn tortillas topped with crumbled cotija cheese, pickled red onion, cilantro and a dollop of Mexican crema*. (The adults also prefer some heat in the form of fresh or pickled jalapenos and green or red hot sauce.)
This recipe allows you the freedom to choose the final texture of the carnitas: juicy and tender or crispy and crackly or a mix of both. The braising liquid offers a complex flavor profile thanks to multiple spices, and the shallots and garlic also play a role, as they cook down until nearly invisible, melting into the pork.
We are a family of five and this makes enough that we always have leftovers; carnitas find their way into other offerings throughout the week: breakfast tacos, pasta dishes and sometimes on their own as a snack, right out of the fridge.
* Below you will also find a recipe for crema, which I started making on my own because it can be difficult to locate in grocery stores. The crema gets a nice citrus boost from lime zest and lime juice; now that I’ve gotten the recipe where I want it, I never buy it.
Carnitas + Mexican Crema
Feel free to play around with the seasonings; it’s a forgiving recipe. If you don’t have ancho chili powder or smoked paprika, you can bump up the amount of chili powder or add sweet paprika. If you don't have shallots, substitute with a yellow onion (but slice very thinly so it has a chance to meld with the pork). However, don’t skip the cinnamon stick, if possible – it's a key ingredient! Regarding the Mexican crema, garlic is not a traditional element, but I'm a fan of the extra flavor it brings.
Ingredients:
CARNITAS
4 to 5 pounds boneless pork shoulder, cut into 5-inch pieces and trimmed of excess fat
Salt and freshly ground black pepper
Olive oil or vegetable oil
1 cinnamon stick
1 teaspoon chili powder
1 teaspoon ancho chili powder or smoked paprika
½ teaspoon cumin
3 shallots, thinly sliced
4 garlic cloves, peeled and thinly sliced
2 bay leaves
MEXICAN CREMA
¾ cup sour cream
½ cup heavy cream (or more to taste)
Zest of half a lime
Juice of half a lime
Salt to taste
Optional: ¼ teaspoon fresh garlic (a few passes on a microplane)
Directions:
CARNITAS
Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Pat the pork shoulder pieces dry with paper towels. Season all sides evenly with salt and pepper. Heat two tablespoons of olive oil or vegetable oil on medium-high in a large roasting pan. When the oil is hot, add the pork and sear on all sides until evenly browned, approximately 10-15 minutes.
Transfer the pork to a plate or bowl and drain any excess oil from the pan (or blot away with paper towels). Add a cup of water (or vegetable or chicken stock if you have it on hand) to the pan and, using a spatula, scrape the flavorful meat bits from the bottom of the pan. Return the pork to the pan and add enough water to cover it by two-thirds. Stir in the seasonings and bay leaves and add the cinnamon stick, shallots and garlic.
Braise the pork in the oven for 3 ½ hours uncovered or until the meat easily falls apart when pierced with a fork. (The braising liquid will have somewhat reduced at this point.) Transfer the pork to a bowl and let cool enough until it can be easily shredded with a fork and knife. At this point you have two options: 1) return the shredded pork to the roasting pan with the remaining braising liquid or 2) spread the pork in a baking pan with a decent lip (or two, depending on the size of your baking pan) and pour the braising liquid on top (distribute the liquid evenly if using two pans). I find that to achieve crispier carnitas, the baking pan method works more quickly. If you're going for a softer, juicier version, use the roasting pan.
Increase the oven to 400 degrees F. Return the roasting pan or baking pans to the oven and cook, stirring/tossing the meat every 10-15 minutes, until the pork is cooked to your liking and the braising liquid has greatly reduced. This can take 30-45 minutes (sometimes longer) depending on the desired texture of your carnitas.
MEXICAN CREMA
Whisk the sour cream, heavy cream, lime zest and lime juice together. Salt to taste. At this point, if you want a thinner crema, add another tablespoon or two of heavy cream. If using garlic, whisk in until well combined. Store in the refrigerator.
Adapted from: https://www.davidlebovitz.com/carnitas/
Leave a Comment
You must be logged in to post a comment. | https://www.foodswoon.com/carnitas-mexican-crema/ |
Between self-disclosure and privacy: How do young people protect their data?
Published on: 09.11.12
Source: Landesanstalt für Medien NRW
Uploading someone else’s photos: Hardly any awareness among adolescents
Revealing photos, information about arguments with parents or about bickering in the crowd - the so-called self-disclosure behavior is more frequent among adolescents between 15 and 17 years of age than in any other age group. Along with this behavior comes a risk as it is questionable which data belongs on social networks like Facebook and which does not. Most users between 12 and 24 years of age have restrictive privacy settings (48 per cent "little-revealers'' and 39 per cent 'privacy managers''), but one out of seven (14 per cent 'much-revealers'') uses rather open settings, has many unknown contacts and at the same time shows highly communicative behavior on the internet.
These are two significant results of the new study of the Landesanstalt für Medien NRW (LfM) concerning the data privacy behavior of young people online. The LfM study ‘Digital Privacy: Adolescents and data security on social network platforms’ was presented today (October 29th, 2012) during a conference of experts in Düsseldorf.
Especially among adolescents with low formal education there is a strong need for education regarding the question which and how personal data is made public on social networks. Most users have indeed adjusted their settings concerning their profile, and any other elements of self-portrayal on social networks, in such a way that only contacts added or approved by them have access. These settings seem to have become the new standard. Questionable is, however, how useful the restriction to one’s contact list is if said list also contains unknown people: Especially among younger people it is often enough to only know someone by name or someone’s friends ('friends-of-friends''), which clearly poses a risk.
The LfM study was created by the research center for media management and communications research of the university of Hohenheim (Prof. Dr. Dr. Michael Schenk and Julia Niemann M.A.) together with the chair of teaching and learning at the university of the Bundeswehr München (Prof. Dr. Gabi Reinmann and Jan-Mathis Schnur, M.A.) and the project team 'Projektgruppe verfassungsverträgliche Technikgestaltung'' (provet) at the University of Kassel (Prof. Dr. Alexander Roßnagel and Dr. Silke Jandt). The behavior of more than 1.300 users between the age of 12 and 24 years on social network platforms was analyzed for the survey.
Additional information about the study is available at: www.lfm-nrw.de
Get more information from this website: | https://www.socialweb-socialwork.eu/content/news/index.cfm/aus.2/action.showfull/ndcdc.3/ndc.3275/key.42 |
Kind of "Girl"y
Thursday’s WOD is a Barbara-esque rep scheme – 5 sprint triplets with 3 minutes rest between sets. If the first round takes you longer than 5 minutes, price but you are able to complete the movements as prescribed, you will need to scale the reps down – maybe 15/20/25. Ideally, visit this site the working sets should be in the 3-5 minute range, with 3 minutes rest after each set.
If you complete your first round in 3:30, look at the clock and add 3 minutes. Your next round begins at 6:30. If you complete that round at 10:05, your next round begins at 13:05 and so forth.
For scaling pull-ups, I recommend banded pull-ups, body pulls or even kettle bell swings over jumping pull-ups, as your legs will get plenty of work on the Box Jumps and Wallballs.
Workout of the Day
5RFT
20 Chest to Bar Pullups
25 Box Jumps 24/20
30 Wallball Shots 20/14
Rest 3 minutes after each round. Score is total time to complete, with rest included. | https://cfoakdale.com/kind-of-girly/ |
The Symposium is also soliciting submissions for co-located workshops. Further details on submissions can be found at http://www.ieee-security.org/TC/SP2017/workshops.html .
All deadlines are 23:59:59 EST (UTC-5).
Following a successful model used at last year’s conference, as well as other premier technical conferences, some paper submissions will be reviewed by a “shadow PC” of students and junior researchers, this year chaired by William Enck of North Carolina State University. For more information see http://www.ieee-security.org/TC/SP2017/studentpc.html.
These instructions apply to both the research papers and systematization of knowledge papers.
All submissions must be original work; the submitter must clearly document any overlap with previously published or simultaneously submitted papers from any of the authors. Failure to point out and explain overlap will be grounds for rejection. Simultaneous submission of the same paper to another venue with proceedings or a journal is not allowed and will be grounds for automatic rejection. Contact the program committee chairs if there are questions about this policy.
New this year: Submitted papers must submit an abstract by the Abstract Deadline. This new process is designed to facilitate a faster and more efficient bidding process. Only papers that have had abstracts submitted by the deadline will be eligible for review.
The rapidly increasing number of papers being submitted to security conferences has put a strain on both authors’ and reviewers’ time, with both sides concerned about the implications on the fairness of the process. Concerned reviewers worry that authors will give in to the temptation to resubmit rejected papers without addressing prior reviewers’ concerns, hoping that different reviewers will lead to a different outcome. Authors are concerned that reviewers who helped to reject an earlier draft of a paper will not read an improved draft as diligently as they would read an unfamiliar submission and may miss or disregard improvements.
Also starting this year, if a submission is derived in any way from a submission submitted to another venue (conference, journal, etc.) in the past twelve months, we require that the authors provide the name of the most recent venue to which it was submitted. This information will not be shared with reviewers. It will only be used (1) for aggregate statistics to understand the percent of resubmissions among the set of submitted (and accepted) papers; (2) at the Chairs’ discretion, to identify dual submissions and verify the accuracy of prior reviews provided by authors regarding previously rejected papers.
Papers must be submitted in a form suitable for anonymous review: no author names or affiliations may appear on the title page, and papers should avoid revealing their identity in the text. When referring to your previous work, do so in the third person, as though it were written by someone else. Only blind the reference itself in the (unusual) case that a third-person reference is infeasible. Publication as a technical report or in an online repository does not constitute a violation of this policy. Contact the program chairs if you have any questions. Papers that are not properly anonymized may be rejected without review.
Disclose whether the research received an approval or waiver from each of the authors' institutional ethics review boards (IRB) if applicable.
If the submission deals with vulnerabilities (e.g., software vulnerabilities in a given program or design weaknesses in a hardware system), the authors need to discuss in detail the steps they have taken or plan to take to address these vulnerabilities (e.g., by disclosing vulnerabilities to the vendors). The same applies if the submission deals with personal identifiable information (PII) or other kinds of sensitive data. If a paper raises significant ethical and legal concerns, it might be rejected based on these concerns.
Authors seeking ways to reduce the ethical risks of their experiments may optionally consider reaching out to the Ethics Feedback Panel for Networking and Security. The panel's mission is to help researchers identify ethics-related risks, find prior research that provides precedent or data to inform ethical decision making, to suggest ways to improve experimental designs to reduce ethical risks, and provide any other information that may assist the researchers in meeting their ethical obligations. The best time to reach out to this panel is before conducting your experiments, but they may be able to assist if concerns arise during an experiment. Contact the program co-chairs if you have any questions.
Submitted papers may include up to 15 pages of text and up to 5 pages for references and appendices, totaling no more than 20 pages. The same applies to camera-ready papers, although, at the PC chairs’ discretion, additional pages may be allowed for references and appendices. Reviewers are not required to read appendices.
Papers must be formatted for US letter (not A4) size paper. The text must be formatted in a two-column layout, with columns no more than 9.5 in. tall and 3.5 in. wide. The text must be in Times font, 10-point or larger, with 11-point or larger line spacing. Authors are encouraged to use the IEEE conference proceedings templates. LaTeX submissions should use IEEEtran.cls version 1.8. All submissions will be automatically checked for conformance to these requirements. Failure to adhere to the page limit and formatting requirements are grounds for rejection without review.
detailed description of the changes made since.
This appendix does not count towards the page limit. By their submission, the authors of these papers acknowledge and accept that the PC chairs may solicit further information about them (e.g., to verify the contents of the appendix) and pass such information on to the PC. Failure to comply with these rules will result in automatic rejection of the bulk submissions without consideration.
Papers must be submitted at https://oakland17.hotcrp.com/ and may be updated at any time until the submission deadline. The submission site will open October 10, 2016.
Authors are responsible for obtaining appropriate publication clearances. One of the authors of the accepted paper is expected to present the paper at the conference.
Authors of accepted papers must also complete and return the IEEE Copyright Release Form, available here.
For more information, contact the program co-chairs at: [email protected] if you have any questions. | https://www.ieee-security.org/TC/SP2017/cfpapers.html |
At the West African Leaders Summit, business owners, entrepreneurs and executives are expected to gain insights and practical knowledge from established industry experts, to further enable them to make balanced and informed decisions in their respective roles.
Speakers at the conference include global business thought leaders such as Mitch Barns, a 3-time World Economic Forum speaker/panellist who is renowned for his expertise in identifying consumer and market trends. Barns is the founder, Second Half Advisors and former CEO, Nielsen Holdings.
According to Barns, the Lead Speaker, the data we have available to us today can help improve our businesses in so many ways, one of which is efficiency gains. These gains are valuable because they can improve not only individual businesses, but entire markets and society as a whole.
“At the West African Business Leaders’ Summit, we will be uncovering key leadership principles, innovation possibilities and leveraging available data that has the potential to positively impact businesses, individuals and the Nigerian economy at large.” he added.
Also speaking will be Toyin Sanni, Group CEO, Emerging Africa Capital Group. Sanni is a multiple award-winning business leader and published author who leads groups that provide advisory and capital raising solutions for infrastructure and development across Africa to achieve sustainable economic growth.
Carla Harris, Managing Director and Senior Client Advisor at Morgan Stanley, a renowned banking expert with extensive industry experiences across several corporate sectors; and Horst Schulze, co-founder of The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company and a top player in the international hospitality and property industries will also be speaking at the event via a videocast. | https://www.brandiconimage.com/2020/02/the-leadership-project-to-host-mitch.html |
Covid 19 Update October 11th – Vaccinations and Masks are NOT required for an outdoor ‘Critical Service’.
In accordance with the terms of the Order, as at the date of this letter, the following interpretation is provided by Council for markets under licence by Council: 1. The Public Health Order provides a distinction between markets that predominately sell food and drink and markets that do not.
a) Markets that predominantly sell food and drinks being a Farmers Market:
• Meets the definition of a “critical retail premise” subclause (g) and defined in Schedule 6 of the Order to include “shops that predominantly sell food or drinks”.
• To satisfy clause 4.4 of the Order the markets will need a COVID-19 Safety Plan in place that complies with an approved safety checklist on the NSW Government website relevant to the nature of the premises (Schedule 4 captures retail premises as requiring a COVID-19 Safety Plan).
• As the markets are held outdoors, and are predominantly selling food and drink, the market would be exempt from density limits under Schedule 3 (the 1 person per 2sqm does not apply).
• Retail premises are required to have COVID-Safe check-ins, ie QR codes and alternate means to register attendance, that must be kept for 4 weeks (refer Schedule 5, and clause 5.3).
• There is no vaccination requirement for adults attending markets that meet the critical retail premise. Page 2 of 2 • Provided the markets are held outdoors, there is no requirement for face coverings to be worn.
COVID -19 Safety Plan July 2021
North Byron Farmers Market is the governing body of Mullum and New Brighton Farmers Markets. Both markets operate in an outdoor environment and are deemed an ‘Essential Service’ by the Australian government. This means the markets are permitted to trade whilst being mindful of public safety provisions. However, as a ‘Controlled Outdoor Event’ it is now mandatory to wear a mask in regional NSW. Due to the latest Public Health Act, anyone with exemptions is now required to carry their exemption at all times.
Our safety plan includes guidelines for the well-being of our staff and customers, physical distancing, mask-wearing, hygiene/cleaning, and record-keeping
WELLBEING OF STAFF AND CUSTOMERS
In response to COVID lockdown rules only all of our tables and chairs have been removed, the children’s area has been closed and workshops cancelled.
The coffee and food stalls will remain open for takeaway only and we are asking our customers to shop and go.
Only one person per household to shop so that we can keep the numbers down.
The cup washing station will remain closed
Where possible stalls have been spread out, with some of the largest ones completely relocated to low traffic areas. Barriers, signage and markers have been put in place in order to guide and maintain social distancing.
Hand washing and sanitizing stations have been set up at the entrance, as well as in the middle of the market. There are instructions on the most effective way to wash and sanitize your hands.
Policy and procedures have been sent to all stallholders. These include instructions for good hygiene practices, the wellbeing of their customers/staff and how to set up their stalls to implement and maintain social distancing in their stalls.
Covid-19 symptoms include (but are not limited to) fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue and shortness of breath. Covid-19 most often begins with a temperature of 37.3 degrees centigrade (99 F) or more and is contagious from the first sign of illness.
If there is any reason to believe that a stallholder or a visitor to the site may be exhibiting Covid-19 symptoms, or have recently visited a Covid hot spot, they will
be asked to withdraw to a location away from interaction with others and will be requested to leave the market site.
Physical distancing
Signage on large corflute and A3 laminated signs include messages such as ‘No Bunching, Social distancing 1.5m, Shop and Go, Takeaway food only and Touch it you take it.’ Mask wearing signs are in place
Spray paint, sports cones, bollards, flags, and tape are used to formulate barriers with
1.5m guidelines. Where possible stalls have entrance and exit points.
50% of tables and chairs will remain as they aid in social distancing.
Mask wearing
Mask wearing is now mandatory in outside organised events in regional NSW. We request all stallholders and customers to wear masks. Due to the most recent Public Health Order, all mask exemptions are required to carry documentation at all times.
It is therefore our Covid policy that all members and their staff wear masks or display an exemption clearly on their stall.
Hygiene and cleaning
Washing your hands with soap and water is one of the easiest and most effective forms
of controlling the spread of viruses.
Customer Handwashing stations/Hand Sanitizer
Hand sanitizer stations and handwashing stations are at the entrances and middle of the markets. Each station has water, anti-bacterial soap, hand sanitizer, paper hand towels, a bin and a bucket to collect the wastewater. There are also handwashing facilities in the toilet block with both antibacterial and sanitizing facilities
Signage
Posters and signs identifying hand sanitizer stations and ways to help stop the spread of viruses are displayed throughout the marketplace.
Sanitizing surfaces
All sanitizing stations, toilets and any other public surfaces within the market are sanitized on an hourly basis
Record Keeping
We have both QR codes and or record-keeping books at all our sanitise stations and main entrances. We will have staff to aid with the registration.
STALLHOLDER REQUIREMENTS
Effective Hygiene Practices
The Australian Government Department of Health offers the following
advice:
Practising good hand and sneeze/cough hygiene is the best defence against
most viruses. You should: wash your hands frequently with soap and water
(for at least 20 seconds), before and after eating, and after going to the toilet;
cover your cough and sneeze; dispose of tissues, and use alcohol-based
hand sanitizer.
Stallholder/Hand Washing/Hand Sanitizer
All stallholders are required to have clean handwashing facilities, such as soap and a 20-litre container of water along with a bucket to collect wastewater. The wastewater needs to be appropriately disposed of at home, not disposed onto market grounds.
Sanitizer
There must be hand sanitizer on every stall (minimum of 70% alcohol for it to be effective) for both staff and customers to use. You are required to wash your hands regularly.
Bowls
Containers such as the stainless-steel bowls used by customers to collect fruit and vegetables for weighing should be sanitized after each use. Bringing extra bowls and using them on rotation will help to manage this process.
Food handling
There will be no food sampling until further notice.
Table surfaces
All table surfaces need to be covered in non-absorbent easily cleaned materials. That is, not hessian or fabric materials that are absorbent and hard to clean and sanitize. Vinyl or plastic can be used over existing material
tablecloths or simply use an alternative. All surfaces should be cleaned and
sanitized after each market (and during if possible). | https://newbrightonfarmersmarket.org.au/covid-update-march-2021/ |
The aim of ACCESS4ALL is to promote the educational and social inclusion of under-represented groups as well as of non-traditional learners, thereby broadly satisfying one of the main priorities being called for in the Erasmus+ programme and addressing one of the important features of it: “promoting equity and inclusion by facilitating the access to learners with disadvantaged backgrounds and fewer opportunities compared to their peers”.
There are 4 specific objectives:
- to establish a map of the institutional policies for attending to under represented groups in relation to academic access and success,
- to establish guidelines to be implemented by higher education organisations to promote initiatives aimed to encourage the access and successful development of students who are under-represented in universities,
- to co-create strategies and measures promoting the access, continuation (and success) of vulnerable students and non-traditional learners at university,
- to create a laboratory for the creation of innovative and flexible strategies in order to promote the commitment of Higher Education institutions to the most vulnerable student groups.
At the end of the project we hope to encourage to HEIs to improve their practices to deal with non-traditional learners in vulnerable situations and to improve their access and retention at university. On completion of the project, we expect partner institutions to implement efficient strategies and policies to facilitate the social inclusion of students and head of departments and vice-rectorate of students’ affaires to include in their agenda measures to improve university access and retention. In addition, as a follow-up process to the project we expect the network created during the project lifetime between different stakeholders at regional and European level to represent a reference point for other institutions in relation to social inclusion issues. | https://developerspace.gpii.net/content/access4all |
About Wright Service Corp:
Ranked 24 in the 2019 Top Workplaces in Iowa, Wright Service Corp. is a prominent leader in several environmental services industries, as the parent company to Wright Tree Service, Wright Outdoor Solutions, CNUC, Terra Spectrum Technologies, Sustainable Environmental Consultants, Wright Tree Service of the West, Spectrum Resource Group and Arborcare.
Together as a family of companies, Wright Service Corp. provides integrated vegetation management, technology solutions, consulting and operations, commercial environmental products, and residential and commercial landscaping, tree care, and other outdoor services.
The Training and Development Specialist will collaborate with subject matter experts, management, and business stakeholders to ensure employees within our family of companies receive effective, informative and timely, job-related training to improve their skills and knowledge. The Training and Development Specialist will utilize effective and up-to-date training methodologies to create trainings with instructional activities and materials that effectively incorporate adult learning principles.
Responsibilities:
Requirements:
Wright Service Corp Offers: | http://jobs.ourcareerpages.com/job/474119?source=WrightTreeService&jobFeedCode=WrightTreeService&returnURL=http://www.wrighttree.com/ |
Augmented Reality for Enterprise Alliance
Why is this Important?
In many industries, workplaces contain a plethora of hazards. When known or anticipated, hazard management protocols reduce the risks associated with a user’s encountering a hazard when performing tasks or fulfilling a work order. However, there are also hazards which, even if made aware of them, the user is untrained to treat or has insufficient time to avoid or deescalate. Alerts can provide the user time to react. On the other hand, there may be hazards that do not require any specific user actions.
Through data collected by user location sensing technologies on devices, and potentially on users’ PPE, as well as maps of known hazards, data generated from sensors on stationary or moving machines, and other methods, artificial intelligence algorithms could be used to continuously maintain and monitor a dynamic 3D map of hazards in a user’s proximity. The user may be provided the hazard proximity map at intervals or request to visualize hazards in proximity. When the user reaches conditions with respect to the hazard that suggests appropriate actions are needed, an alert on an AR device can spatially anchor the source of risk or hazard in the user’s perception (see Automated Alert to Dangerous Settings [[ra-Salert5-dangerosity]]). If and when needed, guidance for risk mitigation can be provided.
Stakeholders
Safety managers, workplace designers, risk managers
Possible Methodologies
This research can include studying appropriate definitions of proximity and risk in diverse industries and workplaces and/or using existing risk management tools, capturing data sets and training algorithms for types of hazards and testing reliability of AI in diverse conditions. The study of user interface and user experience for hazard notification systems will contribute to this field. Further, user studies will be required to measure cognitive load and user responsiveness to notifications of hazardous or potentially hazardous circumstances.
Research Program
The scope of this research can span many industries and workplaces. It could be tailored to any industry in which AR is introduced and demonstrated with many workplace use cases. It is closely related to other proposed topic concerned with Automated Alert to Dangerous Settings, and a topic focusing on dangers due to chemical or radiation in employee vicinity. It could be combined with research on visualization of IoT data streams, 3D maps of known risk and other safety management programs. Further, it also can include or be an extension of numerous 3D user interface and user experience topics.
Miscellaneous Notes
This peer-reviewed article was published in December 2015 entitled “Proximity hazard indicator for workers-on-foot near-miss interactions with construction equipment and geo-referenced hazard areas” pertains to the topic of this research.
Keywords
Hazard detection, hazard management protocol, hazard warning, location-detection, 3D spatial mapping, artificial intelligence, user interface, user experience, risk assessment, risk management, situational awareness, occupational risks, risk assessment, risk perception, accidents, occupational health, occupational safety, safety, health and safety, health hazards, safety devices, safety factor, safety systems, fault detection, monitoring, system monitoring
Research Agenda Categories
Industries, Technology, Business
Expected Impact Timeframe
Near
Related Publications
Using the words in this topic description and Natural Language Processing analysis of publications in the AREA FindAR database, the references below have the highest number of matches with this topic:
More publications can be explored using the AREA FindAR research tool. | https://thearea.org/area-research-agenda/informing-ar-users-about-hazards-in-proximity/ |
A team led by Viviane Slon and Svante Pääbo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, in Leipzig, Germany, carried out genetic analysis on a fragment of bone, more than 50,000 years old, found in a cave in Russia. This find, however, is the first evidence that the other two human species were interbreeding too. The previous Altai Neanderthal study also suggested that Neanderthals starting breeding with archaic modern humans around 100,000 years ago, but the new analysis pushes that back even further to between 130,000 to 145,000 years ago.
The discovery of a teenage girl with a Neanderthal mother and a Denisovan father shows they were happily participating in the practice. All in all, these findings suggest that modern humans, Neanderthals and Denisovans intermingled when they encountered each another, Pääbo said. It was this DNA from Croatia that enabled the MPI team to sequence the Neanderthal genome for the first time.
Based on previous archaeological and genetic evidence, archaeologists and anthropologists suspected that Neanderthals were thinly dispersed across Europe and Asia. The lack of genetic diversity ( low heterozygosity ) in the Vindija 33.19 specimen affirms these earlier findings, showing that Neanderthals “lived in small and isolated populations” and “with an effective population size of around 3,000 individuals”, the researchers write in their study. But the Vindija 33.19 genome is different; her parents were not as closely related, so we can no longer say that extreme inbreeding is a common fixture of the Neanderthals.
According to David Reich, a geneticist at Harvard Medical School and a member of the research team, the new DNA sequence also shows that Native Americans and people from East Asia have more Neanderthal DNA, on average, than Europeans. This suggests that humans and Neanderthals interbred about 50,000 years earlier than previously thought. Now, a new study is exploring the legacy of these interspecies trysts, with a focus on Western Asia, where the first relations may have occurred.
The research team analyzed genomic data from dozens of Western Asian individuals, and observed that, on average, with a few exceptions, these populations carry less Neanderthal DNA than Europeans, Central Asians and East Asians. Neanderthals and Denisovans may have disappeared just because they were absorbed into modern human populations.
We are now in an era where whole genome information can be obtained directly from ancient human skeletons discovered at archaeological sites. The present international research team, led by researchers from the University of Copenhagen with the participation of three researchers from Kanazawa University has established technologies to efficiently extract human DNA from skeletons discovered at prehistoric remains even under very poor conditions for DNA preservation.
Upon comparison of the genomic data of ancient human skeletons with those of present – day human skeletons, it has become clear that those prehistoric populations in Southeast Asia can be classified into six groups. Conventional archaeology proposed the two – layer hypothesis that, in those periods, a large population with farming culture with rice and millet migrated into Southeast Asia and that they replaced the indigenous population.
The analysis showed that Denisovans were much more closely related to Neanderthals than to Homo sapiens, and that in spite of coming from a small population, they managed to contribute genes to modern populations in Island Southeast Asia and Australia.
It seems we are still in the early stages of understanding the material found in this small cave in Central Asia. Modern humans first moved into the region of Island Southeast Asia as early as 65,000 years ago, heralding the seaborne colonisation of Australia and New Guinea. The other is the Denisovans, whose DNA is known only from a finger bone found in a Siberian cave.
From fragments of DNA in a 50,000-year-old finger bone, scientists have identified a fascinating new character in the story of our evolution : the first – known offspring of parents from two different branches of the human family tree. Modern genetic analyses suggest that people of European and Asian ancestry have roughly 2 per cent Neanderthal DNA, and some East Asians and Pacific Islanders can trace as much as 6 per cent of their genetic material to the Denisovans. The intermingling was pervasive enough that some scientists question whether our extinct cousins should be considered a subpopulation of Homo sapiens, rather than a distinct species, as they are typically defined today. Both groups shared a common ancestor who migrated out of Africa a few hundred thousand years before that.
Around the same time, the Eurasian population of a new primate – Homo sapiens – began to explode. These two groups inhabited Eurasia – Neanderthals in the west and Denisovans in the east – until they were replaced by modern humans around 40,000 years ago.
“So, from this single genome, we are able to detect multiple instances of interactions between Neandertals and Denisovans”, study co-author Benjamin Vernot, a population geneticist at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, said in the statement. “It is striking that we find this Neanderthal Denisovan child among the handful of ancient individuals whose genomes have been sequenced”, said co-lead author Dr. Svante Pääbo, Director of the Department of Evolutionary Genetics at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
Initially, Viviane Slon, a graduate student involved with the study thought that she must have made a mistake. A female who died around 90,000 years ago was half Neanderthal and half Denisovan, according to genome analysis of a bone discovered in a Siberian cave. Together with their sister group the Neanderthals, Denisovans are the closest extinct relatives of currently living humans.
“So, we are pushing back about 50,000 years the time that modern humans and Neandertals met outside Africa ” , co – author Sergi Castellano of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology told ZME Science.
Evolutionary biology is experiencing its most serious division over the structure of evolutionary theory since the development of the Modern Synthesis nearly 100 years ago. | https://sci360.org/lucy-lived-3-2-million-years-ago/ |
Today, a growing number of interdisciplinary scholars are pushing the research program of complexity economics. However, several decades earlier, evolutionary institutionalists such as Thorstein Veblen and Gunnar Myrdal (the pioneers of institutionalist economics) already stressed the complexity of social systems, just without using the buzzword “complexity.” Thus, the emergence of the research program of complexity economics should be good news for institutionalists. Yet, there are only a few overlaps between the two research communities. This is mostly due to the different personal and disciplinary backgrounds of the researchers, a lack of an explicit meta-theory on the side of complexity economics, and a very different set of methods.
This paper shows the complementary relationship between institutionalist and complexity economics by focusing on an epistemological concept called "mechanismic explanations".
Section 1 deals with the claim that many renowned institutionalists anticipated the complexity challenge and considered the economy as a complex system. Complexity and institutional economists both share this same basic ontology.
Section 2 explains what “mechanismic explanations” are. It is a particular concept, which invites closer collaboration between institutionalists and complexity economists. In order to make further progress in the understanding of complex economic systems, scientists must seek mechanism-based explanations.
Sections 3 examines a challenge arising in the context of mechanismic explanations, namely that a meta-theoretical mean is required in order to discriminate among competing mechanismic explanations for the same observed phenomenon. Complexity economists can benefit from the deep type of explanation that comes from the philosophical framework of systemism, underlying institutionalist theory.
Section 4 examines another challenge arising in the context of mechanismic explanations, namely that forming opinions or suppositions about mechanisms that operate in the real world (without having complete information about them) and studying them empirically requires particular methods. Institutionalist economists can benefit from the toolbox of complexity economists to overcome this challenge.
Section 5 closes this essay with some remarks on the concept of a “mechanism”.
Comment from our editors:
This paper is a good recommendation for students who have already read the "Compare"and the "Explore" section on the Exploring Economics website regarding Complexity Economics, Institutionalist Economics, and Evolutionary Economics.
This paper gives a glimpse into the history of economic thought behind these three perspectives, the challenges faced by each, as well as a way for them to come to each other’s aid and co-build something that is more than the sum of each’s parts. | https://www.exploring-economics.org/en/discover/the-complimentary-relationship-between-institut/ |
The Buddhist notion of non-attachment is probably one of the most challenging concepts for Westerners to wrap their heads around. I know for me, it’s a constant battle to remember that the people, places, things that provoke prolonged—and potentially debilitating—emotional responses, as well as the things that I place a value on, are not actually “real.”
As time passes, though, and the longer I spend at Tricycle, it’s nice to notice that my emotions come and go very quickly, and trip me up less and less. Still, I notice that certain items, habits, cling more than others.
Judy Lief addresses letting go as the Dharma Talk from the Fall 2006 issue of Tricycle.
What has been the most difficult thing for you to let go of?
Thank you for subscribing to Tricycle! As a nonprofit, we depend on readers like you to keep Buddhist teachings and practices widely available. | https://tricycle.org/article/letting-go-2/ |
It is suggested that information gets ergodically “diluted” in the authors' isotropic and homogeneous expanding Universe, so that an observer detects just a limited amount of the total cosmic bits.
A Survey on Quantum Channel Capacities
- PhysicsIEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
- 2018
The properties of the quantum communication channel, the various capacity measures and the fundamental differences between the classical and quantum channels are reviewed.
Local Observers in an Expanding Universe: Is the Cosmological Constant Correlated with Thermodynamic Entropy?
- Physics
- 2018
We describe cosmic expansion from the standpoint of an observer’s comoving horizon. When the Universe is small, the observer detects a large amount of the total cosmic bits, which number is fixed. …
Correlation Measure Equivalence in Dynamic Causal Structures
- PhilosophyQuantum Eng.
- 2020
It is proved that the standard causally-biased entropy function with a data correction can be used to identify correlations in dynamic causal structures and, as a corollary, all mathematical properties of the causal measure functions are preserved in the causality-unbiased space.
References
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The capacity of black holes to transmit quantum information
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A bstractWe study the properties of the quantum information transmission channel that emerges from the quantum dynamics of particles interacting with a black hole horizon. We calculate the quantum…
Black holes are almost optimal quantum cloners
- Physics
- 2015
If black holes were able to clone quantum states, a number of paradoxes in black hole physics would disappear. However, the linearity of quantum mechanics forbids exact cloning of quantum states.…
Unitarity of black hole evaporation in final-state projection models
- Physics
- 2014
A bstractAlmheiri et al. have emphasized that otherwise reasonable beliefs about black hole evaporation are incompatible with the monogamy of quantum entanglement, a general property of quantum…
Better late than never: information retrieval from black holes.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 2013
We show that, in order to preserve the equivalence principle until late times in unitarily evaporating black holes, the thermodynamic entropy of a black hole must be primarily entropy of entanglement…
Particle creation by black holes
- Physics
- 1975
AbstractIn the classical theory black holes can only absorb and not emit particles. However it is shown that quantum mechanical effects cause black holes to create and emit particles as if they were…
Notes on black-hole evaporation
- Physics
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This paper examines various aspects of black-hole evaporation. A two-dimensional model is investigated where it is shown that using fermion-boson cancellation on the stress-energy tensor reduces the…
Quantum Communication in Rindler Spacetime
- Physics
- 2010
A state that an inertial observer in Minkowski space perceives to be the vacuum will appear to an accelerating observer to be a thermal bath of radiation. We study the impact of this…
Private information via the Unruh effect
- Physics, Computer Science
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This work considers two inertial participants communicating via a noiseless qubit channel in the presence of a uniformly accelerated eavesdropper, and shows that the associated private quantum capacity is equal to the entanglement-assisted quantum capacity for the channel to the eaves dropper's environment.
Information Processing Structure of Quantum Gravity
- PhysicsArXiv
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This work provides a model for the information processing structure of quantum gravity, and shows that the quantum gravity environment is an information resource-pool from which valuable information can be extracted and can be exploited in quantum computations.
The Correlation Conversion property of quantum channels
- Physics, Computer ScienceQuantum Inf. Process.
- 2014
It is proved that the noise transformation of quantum channels that are not able to transmit quantum entanglement can be used to generate distillable (useable)Entanglement from classically correlated input, and is called the Correlation Conversion property of Quantum channels. | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-Statistical-Model-of-Information-Evaporation-of-Gyongyosi/9d6a8896f09e5ff177a26d46dbf3b64a749e6a72 |
H. Eric Cannon, PharmD, FAMCP: When we start talking about health care inequalities, especially in MDD [major depressive disorder], many things come into play, including social economics. Working with social determinants of health, we found that MDD is more common in people with lower socioeconomic status. If you look at the differences in healthcare in the states we operate in – Utah, Idaho, Nevada – there are huge rural areas making access to providers difficult. People are socially isolated to a certain extent, which makes identifying the problems and finding the people all the more difficult. Understanding these differences is critical to how we put together effective programs that could address depression in the populations we serve.
Michael Rothrock, MBA, MHA: like dr As Cannon mentioned, it’s all about access to medical care. It’s not just about drugs. This also applies to treatment options, behavioral medicine, etc. [Access can be affected] whether it is a rural area of the country or a specific industry such as Medicaid where members may not be easily identifiable by address. Your address may be out of date. How do we make [deliver] Caring for patients who are of lower socioeconomic status and may be traveling or have an outdated or no address? How do we give them not only the medicine they need, but also the help they need? Not to mention the possibility of using telemedicine where they may not even have WiFi, a laptop or a smartphone to provide them with the interface for those touchpoints.
[Dr Cannon] is exactly right. Socioeconomic status is prevalent in MDD, with fewer patients in rural and Medicaid-like settings getting the access they need. Maybe we can’t [see] these patients as regularly as we should.
Transcript edited for clarity. | https://fiorreports.com/health-care-inequalities-within-major-depressive-disorder/ |
LEP Verification Audit Program
The Commissioner may conduct an audit of any action authorized by law to be performed by an environmental professional licensed pursuant to CGS Section 22a-133v.
The purpose of the Licensed Environmental Professional (LEP) Verification Audit Program is to ensure that the opinions ("verifications") of the LEP are based on an appropriate understanding of the environmental conditions of the site and that the verification is in compliance with all applicable statutes and regulations, including the Remediation Standard Regulations (RSRs).
An audit may focus on specific issues, such as the appropriateness of a specific decision of the LEP or the application of specific provisions of the RSRs. Most audits will be a full technical review of the investigation and remediation of the subject parcel or release area and the appropriateness of the LEP’s application of the RSRs. All audits shall be conducted in accordance with established standard procedures.
If, at the conclusion of the audit, the outstanding issues regarding the verification meet the criteria for referral established by the State Board of Examiners of Environmental Professionals ("Board") and/or indicate potential violations of the LEP regulations, the Department may refer the LEP to the Board for an investigation. To obtain information about an LEP's verification record, contact Robert Robinson, Audit Program Coordinator, Remediation Division, DEEP.
LEP Verification Audit Program Fact Sheet
Investigation, or site characterization, is expected to be conducted in accordance with prevailing standards and guidelines. The Site Characterization webpage provides resources that assist the environmental professional in understanding the standard of care expected when characterizing a site under various Connecticut cleanup programs. | https://portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Remediation--Site-Clean-Up/Licensed-Environmental-Professional-Program/LEP-Verification-Audit-Program |
003: Statistical physics plays a huge role: in our daily life to building the rocket engine
Welcome back 🙏,
Until now we had a little talk about a mechanism of a rocket engine with respect to the movement and velocity of particles inside the boxes and how escape particles from the nozzle gives a negative momentum and assistances a rocket to move upwards. But have you read a very significant aspect that is mentioned in the last blog – A Gaussian’s & Maxwell Boltzmann distribution!!
Yes, absolutely there is so much to know and very less time to do work with our rocket launch project. We have to discuss some basic aspects of physics with you before we go further since these physics’ aspects will play a huge role and it is impossible to do astrophysics without these aspects. So
You might wonder what statistics has to do with the construction of a rocket engine. Let us tell you, to find out the thrust of a rocket engine, we need to simulate the gas particles that escapes from the nozzle and for that we need to know the velocities of each particle. In order to calculate these random velocities most possibility distribution functions are used.
The Maxwell–Boltzmann Equation and the distribution ofparticlesby Velocities:
The Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution concerns the distribution of an amount of energy between identical but distinguishable particles. It represents the probability for the distribution of the states in a system having different energies. A special case is the so-called Maxwell distribution law of particle velocities. Maxwell introduced this law for the velocities of particles of a fluid (Maxwell, 1868), e.g. a gas or a liquid solution and gives the probability P(v) dv that the velocity v will be found in the infinitesimal range v to v + dv and gives the frequency of occurrence of the specific value v for the chosen velocity component vx, vy, vz per each direction x, y, z.Maxwell found that the particles are distributed by velocities following a skewed, bell-shaped plot figure shown down , given by the equation
Where μ (muo) is the mean and σ(sigma) is the standard deviation
So what next !!
Meet you in the next part of the blogg!! DAB !!! | https://www.uio.no/studier/emner/matnat/astro/AST2000/h20/blogger/bloggen-til-neha-og-morten/Project%20I%20-%20Spaceflight/%22Appendix%22%20%26%20%22%20Basic%20concepts%22%20/003-statistical-physics-plays-a-huge-role-in-our-d.html |
Originally established in 1994 by the Sisters of Mercy and the Presentation Sisters in response to the needs of those seeking food, the Gathering Place receives widespread support within the community. Many service organizations, church groups, foundations, corporations and individuals make financial and in kind donations towards the operation of Gathering Place.
The Gathering Place is a registered charity and is managed by a Board of Directors with from the founding organizations and members from the community at large. The programs and services are offered through a volunteer-driven operation by more than 700 people committed to ensuring that programs and services are available on a consistent basis.
In recent years, programs and services have been added to address the needs of guests. These include foot care, a clothing supply boutique and hair care service. In addition, through collaboration with other agencies, guests of Gathering Place have access to housing experts, nurses and social workers who help address complex needs. Guests may avail of other services to include advocacy, literacy and computer programs. | http://kindnesswanted.ca/who-we-are/history/ |
Martin Luther King Jr. Dream speech-questions!!?
okay so i have to do an essay and here is the prompt;
Write an essay that values the credibility of King's argument.
In your essay, critique the relationship between generalizations and evidence.
Also answer these questions.
What is King's intent with the speech?
How does King's intent affect the structure and tone of his speech?
i think i can answer the last two parts
i just don't understand th critiquing the relationship between generalizations and evidence part
and how do i prove that the speech ws credible?
any help would be great
thanks a bunch
2 Answers
- 1 decade agoFavorite Answer
"I Have a Dream" is the popular name given to the historic public speech by Martin Luther King, Jr., when he spoke of his desire for a future where blacks and whites among others would coexist harmoniously as equals. King's delivery of the speech on August 28, 1963, from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom was a defining moment of the American Civil Rights Movement. Delivered to over two hundred thousand civil rights supporters, the speech is often considered to be one of the greatest and most notable speeches in history and was ranked the top American speech of the 20th century by a 1999 poll of scholars of public address. According to U.S. Congressman John Lewis, who also spoke that day as the President of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, "Dr. King had the power, the ability and the capacity to transform those steps on the Lincoln Memorial into a modern day pulpit. By speaking the way he did, he educated, he inspired, he informed not just the people there, but people throughout America and unborn generations."
Legend holds that King departed from his prepared text and began preaching extemporaneously, but he had delivered a similar speech incorporating some of the same sections in Detroit in June 1963, when he marched on Woodward Avenue with Walter Reuther and the Rev. C.L. Franklin, and had rehearsed other parts.
Widely hailed as a masterpiece of rhetoric, King's speech resembles the style of a Black Baptist sermon. It appeals to such iconic and widely respected sources as the Bible and invokes the United States Declaration of Independence, the Emancipation Proclamation, and the United States Constitution. Through the rhetorical device of allusion, King makes use of phrases and language from important cultural texts for his own rhetorical purposes. Early in his speech King alludes to Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address by saying "Five score years ago..." Biblical allusions are also prevalent. For example, King alludes to Psalm 30:5 in the second stanza of the speech. He says in reference to the abolition of slavery articulated in the Emancipation Proclamation, "It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity." Another Biblical allusion is found in King's tenth stanza: "No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream." This is an allusion to Amos 5:24. King also quotes from Isaiah 40:4 — "I have a dream that every valley shall be exalted..."
Anaphora, the repetition of a phrase at the beginning of sentences, is a rhetorical tool employed throughout the speech. An example of anaphora is found early as King urges his audience to seize the moment: "Now is the time..." is repeated four times in the sixth stanza. The most widely cited example of anaphora is found in the often quoted phrase "I have a dream..." which is repeated eight times as King paints a picture of an integrated and unified America for his audience. Other occasions when King used anaphora include "One hundred years later," "We can never be satisfied," "With this faith," and "Let freedom ring." | https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080101155251AA94eMc |
Scientific research into complex coastal systems and the interplay with coastal hazards is vital for predicting, responding to, and mitigating threats in these regions. Understanding the risks associated with coastal hazards requires a holistic Earth Systems approach that integrates improved understanding of and, where possible, predictions about natural, social, and technological processes with efforts to increase the resilience of coastal systems. The Coastlines and People program supports diverse, innovative, multi-institution awards that are focused on critically important coastlines and people research that is integrated with broadening participation goals. The objective of this solicitation is to support Coastal Research Hubs, structured using a convergent science approach, at the nexus between coastal sustainability, human dimensions, and coastal processes to transform understanding of interactions among natural, human-built, and social systems in coastal, populated environments. | https://beta.nsf.gov/funding/opportunities/coastlines-and-people-hubs-research-and-broadening-participation-cope |
Kigali Agreement On Ozone
The need for the amendment stems from the 1987 Montreal Protocol, which controls ozone-depleting substances. Because CFCs have been used as an alternative to ozone-depleting substances in refrigeration facilities, their role in global warming has become a major problem. In 2016, the parties to the Montreal Protocol adopted the CFC Convention concluding the 28th Meeting of the Parties (MOP 28) in Kigali, Rwanda. Governments have agreed that it will come into force on January 1, 2019, provided that at least 20 parties to the Montreal Protocol have ratified it. On 17 November 2017, Sweden and Trinidad and Tobago tabled their ratification instruments, exceeding the required threshold. “Any ratification of the Kigali amendment brings us closer to repeating the success of the Montreal Protocol in the fight against ozone-depleting substances,” said Tina Birmpili, Executive Secretary of the Ozone Secretariat. “This success is based on the cooperation of nations. I look forward to more than 100 ratifications and look forward to many more in the months and years ahead. The UNITED Nations secretariat for ozone is the secretariat of the Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Ozone Depleting Substances.
The secretariat assists and assists the contracting parties to the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol, as well as other stakeholders, in the implementation of measures to protect and strengthen the ozone layer and mitigate climate change. In the past, these applications used chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), but in the 1970s we discovered the harmful effect of these gases on the ozone layer, which was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995. The Montreal Protocol, signed by many states in 1987 and entered into force in 1989, decided to end the CFCs. The use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) then developed as a replacement. The amendment builds on the success of the Montreal Protocol, established in 1987 for the protection of human health and the environment following the depletion of the ozone layer. With the general support of 198 parties, the Montreal Protocol resulted in the abandonment of nearly 99% of ozone-depleting substances. Proof of the photo: REPORTING services IISD (2016), www.iisd.ca/ozone/resumed-oewg38-mop28/ In order to protect the climate and the ozone layer, more than 170 countries agreed on a change in the protocol at the 28th meeting of the parties to the Montreal Protocol on ozone-depleting substances in Kigali, Rwanda. The Kigali amendment aims to phase out hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by reducing their production and consumption. Because of their zero effect on ozone depletion, CFCs are currently being used to replace hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), but they are potent greenhouse gases. | http://flying.karmy.com/?p=8143 |
Modern Electrochemistry Ionics 2nd Edition by Bockris John Reddy Amulya K N
This book teaches through detailed examples, mostly taken from the analytical and physical chemistry literature, and emphasizes the advantages and pitfalls of the various methods. This third edition includes two major additions that make Excel extra useful to scientists. The first is a great extension of its capabilities in matrix algebra, with added new functions beyond the handful Microsoft provides.
Consequently you can now perform eigenanalysis or singular value decomposition with a single command, very useful for chemometrics. Author s : Elizabeth Santos, Wolfgang Schmickler. The increasing role of theory is reflected in the presentation of the basic ideas in a way that should appeal to experimentalists and theorists alike. Special care is taken to make the subject comprehensible to scientists from neighboring disciplines, especially from surface science. The book is suitable for an advanced course at the master or Ph. Processes at both macro- and micro-electrodes are examined and the simulation of both diffusion-only and diffusion-convection processes are addressed.
The simulation of processes with coupled homogeneous kinetics and at microelectrode arrays are further discussed. Over the course of the book the reader's understanding is developed to the point where they will be able to undertake and solve research-level problems.
The book leads the reader through from a basic understanding of the principles underlying electrochemical simulation to the development of computer programs which describe the complex processes found in voltammetry. This is the third book in the 'Understanding Voltammetry' series, published with Imperial College Press and written by the Compton Group. While this book was written as a tribute to Martin Fleischmann to mark his many contributions to electrochemical science particularly related to the development of techniques for understanding electrode reactions, it is not a historical document.
Rather it is intended to reflect the state of electrochemical research in Each of the chapters highlights a topic of current importance, setting out the contribution of Martin Fleischmann and reviewing the literature to the present time. The chapters are all written by one-time associates of Martin Fleischmann, now established experts within their fields.
Length of Book: 19 chapters, pages.
This book focuses on nanotechnology in electrocatalysis for energy applications. In particular, it covers nanostructured electrocatalysts for low temperature fuel cells, low temperature electrolyzers and electrochemical valorization. The function of this book is to provide an introduction to basic principles of electrocatalysis, together with a review of the main classes of materials and electrode architectures. The book illustrate the basic ideas behind material design and provide an introductory sketch of current research focuses. The easy-to-follow three part book focuses on major formulas, concepts and philosophies.
The book is ideal for professionals and researchers interested in the field of electrochemistry, renewable energy and electrocatalysis. This book presents a complete overview of the powerful but often misused technique of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy EIS. The book presents a systematic and complete overview of EIS.
The book carefully describes EIS and its application in studies of electrocatalytic reactions and other electrochemical processes of practical interest. This book is directed towards graduate students and researchers in Electrochemistry. Concepts are illustrated through detailed graphics and numerous examples. The book also includes practice problems. Additional materials and solutions are available online.
Electrochemistry is at the heart of this transverse approach through many scientific domains. Does not require a high level of mathematics: only prior knowledge of partial differentiation and integration With the help of this new tool, the modeling of physical phenomena becomes a fascinating cross-disciplinary exploration. The graphs encourage a visual, unified comprehension of the relationships between physical concepts and variables, properties, and operators.
Out-of-the-box and thought provoking, this book inspires lively discussions and fruitful thinking about the connections between mechanics, chemical reactivity, electrodynamics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry and more. More than 80 case studies are tackled through all domains. Editor: Minhua Shao Author s : R. Adzic, J. Chen, A. Wieckowski, C. Rice, P. Pickup, E. Antolini, K. Ozoemena, J. Zagal, P. Zelenay, J. Dodelet, Z. Chen, L. Dai, K. Ota, N. Alonso-Vante, J. Feliu, P. Strasser, S. Ball, J.
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Atanasoski, W. Recent intensive research efforts have led to the development of less expensive and more abundant electrocatalysts for fuel cells. This book aims to summarize recent advances of electrocatalysis in oxygen reduction and alcohol oxidation, with a particular focus on low- and non-Pt electrocatalysts. The book is divided into two parts containing 24 chapters total. All the chapters were written by leading experts in their fields. Part I contains 6 chapters and focuses on the electro-oxidation reactions of small organic fuels.
The subsequent 18 chapters in Part II cover the oxygen reduction reactions on low- and non- Pt catalysts. The book is geared toward researchers in the field, postgraduate students and lecturers, and scientists and engineers at fuel cell and automotive companies. It can even be a reference book for those who are interested in this area. This book titled "Recent Trend in Electrochemical Science and Technology" contains a selection of chapters focused on advanced methods used in the research area of electrochemical science and technologies; descriptions of electrochemical systems; processing of novel materials and mechanisms relevant for their operation.
Modern electrochemistry 1 ionics 2nd edition pdf
This book provides an overview on some of the recent development in electrochemical science and technology. Particular emphasis is given both to the theoretical and the experimental aspect of modern electrochemistry. Since it was impossible to cover the rich diversity of electrochemical techniques and applications in a single issue, the focus is on the recent trends and achievements related to electrochemical science and technology.
The book "Developments in Electrochemistry" contains five feature articles in recent advanced electrochemistry. These selected feature articles emphasize physical phenomena rather than mathematical formalisms of electrochemistry. The work represented in this book will be useful, effective, and beneficial to physicists, chemists, surface scientists, material scientists, engineers, and especially electrochemists.
Electrochemistry The Basics, with Examples. This book provides a balanced coverage of the thermodynamic and kinetic processes at the heart of electrochemical reactions and electrochemical systems. While the first half gives an overview of the fundamental concepts appropriate to undergraduate students, the second half gives an in depth account of electrochemical systems suitable to experienced scientists and course lecturers. The concepts are clearly explained and well illustrated.
Mathematical treatments are included but kept to a minimum. The book contains a number of problems with detailed worked out answers. The book ambitions to become a reference book in the fast-growing field of nanostructured materials for energy storage and conversion which is expected to shape the next-generation lithium-ion batteries driven by a highly demanding and fast-expanding market. The book consists of 11 chapters covering the most critical aspects of the science and technology of nanomaterial electrodes for application in advanced lithium-ion batteries.
The chapters include nanostructured anode materials based on Si, Ge, Sn, and other metals and metal oxides together with cathode materials of olivine, the hexagonal and spinel crystal structures. From the chemistry aspect, graphene is the extrapolated extreme of condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon molecules to infinite size.
Here, the concept of aromaticity, which organic chemists utilize, is applicable. Interesting issues appearing between physics and chemistry are pronounced in nano-sized graphene nanographene , as we recognize the importance of the shape of nanographene in understanding its electronic structure. This book comprehensively discusses the fundamental issues related to the electronic, magnetic, and chemical properties of condensed polycyclic hyodrocarbon molecules, nanographene, and graphene.
Many-electron Electrochemical Processes. Author s : Alexander A. The authors provide a unified concept for understanding multi-electron processes in electrochemical systems such as molten salts, ionic liquids, or ionic solutions.
Therefore this monograph is a unique resource for basic electrochemical research but also for many important applications such as electrodeposition, electrorefining, or electrowinning of polyvalent metals from molten salts and other ionic media. Electrochemical Dictionary, 2nd edition Editors: A. Bard, G. Inzelt, F. This second edition of the highly successful dictionary offers more than new or revised terms.
A distinguished panel of electrochemists provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of terms most used in electrochemistry and energy research as well as related fields, including relevant areas of physics and engineering. Each entry supplies a clear and precise explanation of the term and provides references to the most useful reviews, books and original papers to enable readers to pursue a deeper understanding if so desired. Almost figures and illustrations elaborate the textual definitions.
Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell technology Volume 1: Fundamentals and performance of low temperature fuel cells Volume 2: In-situ characterisation techniques for low-temperature fuel cells.
- Volume 1: Modern Electrochemistry: Ionics - John O'M. Bockris, Amulya K.N. Reddy - Google книги.
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Author s : Christoph Hartnig, Christina Roth eds. PEMFCs and DMFCs represent promising low-temperature electrochemical power generation technologies that operate on hydrogen and methanol, respectively. Volume 1 covers the fundamental science and engineering of these types of fuel cell, while volume 2 is dedicated to sophisticated in-situ characterisation methods. Author s : Keith B. Oldham, Jan C. Myland and Alan M. The book treats electrochemistry as a science in its own right, albeit firmly based on foundations provided by Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics. Early chapters discuss the electrical and chemical properties of materials from which electrochemical cells are constructed.
The behavior of such cells is addressed in later chapters, with emphasis on the electrodes and the reactions that occur on their surfaces. The role of transport to and from electrodes is a topic that commands attention , because it crucially determines cell efficiency. Final chapters deal with voltammetry, the methodology used to investigate electrode behavior. Self-Organization in Electrochemical Systems. I: General Principles of Self-Organization.
Temporal Instabilities. The two-volume monograph which discusses both the theory and experimental manifestations of self-organization periodic and chaotic oscillations, multistability in electrochemical systems. The first volume describes self-organization as a function of time, without taking into account the spatial heterogeneity. The second volume is devoted to self-organization developing in space and time, leading to corresponding dissipative patterns, including a. Characteristics of experimental and model electrochemical systems is preceded by universal mathematical foundations of nonlinear dynamics.
Length of Book Pages : pages Vol. I ; pages Vol. I: ,85 Euro hardcover ; ,79 Euro eBook Vol. II: ,25 Euro hardcover ; ,64 Euro eBook. Author s : J. Bringing together the latest research this book applies new modelling techniques to corrosion issues in aircraft structures. It describes complex numerical models and simulations from the microscale to the macroscale for corrosion of the aluminium Al alloys that are typically used for aircraft construction, such as AA The approach is also applicable to a range of other types of structures, such as automobiles and other forms of ground vehicles.
The main motivation for developing the corrosion models and simulations was to make significant technical advancements in the fields of aircraft design using current and new materials , surface protection systems against corrosion and degradation and maintenance. The corrosion models address pitting and intergranular corrosion microscale of Al alloys, crevice corrosion in occluded areas, such as joints mesoscale , galvanic corrosion of aircraft structural elements macroscale , as well as, the effect of surface protection methods anodisation, corrosion inhibitor release, clad layer, etc.
The book describes the electrochemical basis for the models, their numerical implementation, and experimental validation and how the corrosion rate of the Al alloys at the various scales is influenced by its material properties and the surface protection methods. It will be of interest to scientists and engineers interested in corrosion modelling, aircraft corrosion, corrosion of other types of vehicle structures such as automobiles and ground vehicles, electrochemistry of corrosion, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, and intergranular corrosion.
Topics examined in this volume include: single event electrochemistry, nanoparticle electrocatalysis, bipolar electrochemistry in the nanosciences, nanocarbon electrochemistry, electrochemistry within template nanosystems and electrochemistry within liquid nanosystems. The volume is a key reference in the field of electrochemistry, allowing the reader to become acquainted with the latest research and opinion.
Purchasers of the print edition can register for free access to the electronic version. This book presents problems and worked examples for a wide range of theoretical and experimental subjects in the field of voltammetry. The reader is assumed to have knowledge up to a Master's level of physical chemistry, but no exposure to electrochemistry in general, or voltammetry in particular.
The problems range in difficulty from senior undergraduate to research level, and develop important practical approaches in voltammetry. The problems presented in the earlier chapters focus on the fundamental theories of thermodynamics, electron transfer and diffusion. Voltammetric experiments and their analysis are then considered, including extensive problems on both microelectrode and macroelectrode voltammetry. Convection, hydrodynamic electrodes, homogenous kinetics, adsorption and electroanalytical applications are discussed in the later chapters, as well as problems on two rapidly developing fields of voltammetry: weakly supported media and nanoscale electrodes.
This book provides an overview of biosensors based on amperometry, conductimetry, potentiometry, square-wave voltammetry, impedance, and electrochemiluminescence and describes the use of ultramicroelectrodes for the real-time monitoring and understanding of exocytosis.
Areas of particular interest are the use of silver and gold nanoparticles for signal amplification, photocurrent transduction, and aptamer design. Moreover, advanced insights in the innovative concept of self-powered biosensors derived from biofuel cells are also discussed.
Author s : Alejandro A. This book focuses on the recent research progresses on the fundamental understanding of the materials degradation phenomena in PEFC, for automotive applications. On a multidisciplinary basis, this book provides a complete and comprehensive critical review on crucial scientific topics related to PEFC materials degradation, and ensures a strong complementarity between experimental and theoretical analysis experimental accelerated aging methods in ex-situ and in-situ conditions, stability properties of nanoparticles, structural and physicochemical characterization of methods of degradation, detailed theoretical modeling, elementary mechanisms, nano-electrocatalysts and carbon support behaviour under realistic operation conditions Laser-enabled measurements are valuable tools for the investigation of surfaces and interfaces or for the in situ investigation of interfacial processes including electrode processes.
In the first part of this book, the authors describe a range of techniques for investigating interfacial tension and surface stress, which is important for coatings, thin films, and fuel cells. The techniques covered comprise bending beam bending plate, bending cantilever, wafer curvature methods with different detection techniques. Special attention is given to methods using optical detection by laser beam deflection or interferometry. The second part is devoted to the techniques based on the detection of refractive index gradients in the solution.
The application of the techniques to surface-confined and solution electrochemical systems is described. Subsequently, a comparison with others techniques able to monitor ion fluxes is performed. Compiling the cumulative research of the last two decades on theoretical considerations and practical applications of impedance spectroscopy, this book covers all of the topics that will help readers quickly determine whether this technique is an appropriate method of analysis for their own research problems, and how to apply it.
Unique to this monograph is an emphasis on practical applications of impedance spectroscopy. Impedance Spectroscopy is developed around a representative catalogue of the most commonly encountered impedance data examples for large variety of established, emerging, and non-conventional experimental and applied systems. The book also presents theoretical considerations for dealing with impedance data modeling, equivalent circuits, relevant complex domain mathematical equations, and physical and chemical interpretation of the experimental results for many problems encountered in research and industrial settings.
A review of impedance instrumentation, selection of best measurement methods for particular systems, and analysis of potential sources of error is further included. The book presents a comprehensive overview of the theory of the technological processes of lead-acid battery manufacture and their influence on battery performance parameters. It summarizes the current knowledge about the technology of lead-acid battery production and presents it in the form of an integral theory.
This theory is supported by ample illustrative material and experimental data, thus allowing technologists and engineers to control the technological processes in battery plants and providing university lecturers with a toll for clear and in-depth presentation of the technology of lead-acid battery production in their courses. The relationship between the technological processes and the performance characteristics of the batteries is disclosed too.
This volume introduces a variety of viable electrochemical methods to identify reaction mechanisms and evaluate relevant kinetic properties of insertion electrodes. Author s : Wolfgang E. Hansal and Sudipta Roy.
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This long awaited book appears after more than 25 years of the publication of the first pulse plating book in the mid-eighties. The book aims to cover pulse plating advancements over the quarter century following the first book - from mid-eighties to the first decade of the 21st century. New understanding and developments on fundamental and applied aspects of pulse plating, which has been enabled by the rapid development of digital current rectifiers is a great differentiator against the first pulse plating book.
Novel approaches to pulse plating, using knowledge based approaches such as modeling analysis, to solve particular problems have been elaborated. Nanotechnology has attracted billions of venture capital from research institutes, governments, and industries in recent years. Traditional nanofabrication techniques, such as CVD, sol-gel, and self-assembly, have been intensively studied.
However, the electrochemical nanofabrication technique, which offers huge benefits for manufacturing nanomaterials as well as broad applications in industry, has not been paid much attention compare with the traditional nanofabrication methods. This book fits the niche of such technology. This book summarizes different electrochemical nanofabrication methods and shows the various essential applications of them in areas such as batteries, sensors, and many future applications.
KEY FEATURES -Discusses the principles of electrochemical nanofabrications and their great potential in sensors, batteries, optoelectronics, and many future applications -Presents contributions by leading scientists and researchers in the field that review current state-of-the art and future prospects for electrochemical nanofabrications -A combination of truly worldwide contribution from leading scientists in the United Kingdom, China, Germany, Finland, and Spain-Includes an extensive bibliography for further reading.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Nanomaterials in Ionic Liquids. Nanomaterials in Electrochemical Devices. The modern demand of distributed diagnostics imposes new challenges to the world of electrochemistry. In particular, low cost, easy to use, light, miniaturized, point-of-care, implantable VLSI systems need to be designed and developed. These new CMOS systems that integrate novel electrochemical sensors also have to integrate biological surfaces. This is highly required to shortening the gap between the development of electrochemical sensors, the CMOS circuitry and the biological systems of applications.
Thus, the aim of the book is to define new paradigms of the electrochemical interfaces integrated with CMOS circuits and Biological materials. Conducting Polymers. This second edition of a well-received volume has been thoroughly updated and expanded to cover the most recent developments.watch
Modern Electrochemistry, Volume 1: Ionics, 2nd Edition
Coverage now includes additional polymers such as polyindole and polyazines, composites of polymers with carbon nanotubes, metals, and metal oxides, as well as bending-beam techniques for characterization. Again, the author provides a systematic survey of the knowledge accumulated in this field in the last thirty years. This includes thermodynamic aspects, the theory of the mechanism of charge transport processes, the chemical and physical properties of these compounds, the techniques of characterization, the chemical and electrochemical methods of synthesis as well as the application of these systems.
The book contains a compilation of the polymers prepared so far and covers the relevant literature with almost references. Authors: F. Baucke, A. Bhatt, Z. Galus, G. Gritzner, G. Inzelt, K. Izutsu, H. Kahlert, T. Kakiuchi, V. Kharton, A. Kisiel, A. Lewenstam, K. Maksymiuk, A. Michalska, J. Migdalski, M. Rohwerder, F. Scholz, G. Snook, P. Spitzer, G. Tauber, E.
Tsipis, G. Tsirlina, S. Electrode potentials. Listing of New Books in Electrochemistry This feature of the ISE Website, Listing of New Books in Electrochemistry, is intended to provide visitors to the Website information about new books in electrochemistry that have been published. Download form By announcing the books on behalf of the authors, ISE is not endorsing the books nor taking any responsibility for their content. Chaparro Editors The book covers the basics of portable fuel cells: fuel cells types, fuel storage possibilities with an emphasis on hydrogen fuel cells, and their potential applications.
Alonso-Vante, Nicolas University of Poitiers, France This book addresses electrocatalysis based on chalcogenides, particularly in the nanoscale domain. Theory and applications Author s : Angela Molina and Joaquin Gonzalez This book provides a comprehensive and consistent presentation of all the techniques available in this field. Khomenko The monograph considers the modern problems and promising ways for their solving in the following key directions of applied electrochemistry: Electrochemical power sources part 1 , Electroplating part 2 , Corrosion protection part 3 , Electrochemical sensors part 4 , Modern electrochemical and related technologies part 5.
Noshin Omar, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium The internal combustion engine ICE , used for vehicular propulsion since the beginning of the automobile era, has come under pressure as a significant contributor to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions linked to global climate change. Saji The book covers the most recent advances in fuel cell technology highlighting the recent developments of novel low cost, high efficient nanostructured electrocatalysts. Jovic This book is primarly devoted to investigation of morphology of electrochemically and chemically deposited metals and alloys.
Franco Ed. Kolb, Jacek Lipkowski Catalysts speed up a chemical reaction or allow for reactions to take place that would not otherwise occur. Mercury-supported biomimetic membranes Author s : Lucia Becucci and Rolando Guidelli Word Description of Contents: Tethered bilayer lipid membranes tBLMs are biomimetic membranes consisting of a lipid bilayer interposed between the aqueous solution and a hydrophilic chain, called spacer, anchored to a metal electrode, which are used to incorporate single peptides or membrane proteins, so as to elucidate their structure-function relationships.
Mustain Recent intensive research efforts have led to the development of less expensive and more abundant electrocatalysts for fuel cells. Ujjal Kumar Sur This book titled "Recent Trend in Electrochemical Science and Technology" contains a selection of chapters focused on advanced methods used in the research area of electrochemical science and technologies; descriptions of electrochemical systems; processing of novel materials and mechanisms relevant for their operation. Jang H. Chun The book "Developments in Electrochemistry" contains five feature articles in recent advanced electrochemistry.
Nauer The authors provide a unified concept for understanding multi-electron processes in electrochemical systems such as molten salts, ionic liquids, or ionic solutions. Scholz Author s : Multi-author book This second edition of the highly successful dictionary offers more than new or revised terms.
Bond The book treats electrochemistry as a science in its own right, albeit firmly based on foundations provided by Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics. In some cases, you likewise realize not discover the proclamation volume 1 modern electrochemistry ionics that you are looking for. It will totally squander the time. However below, in the manner of you visit this web page, it will be so completely easy to get as well as download guide volume 1 modern electrochemistry ionics It will not acknowledge many become old as we explain before.
You can complete it while take steps something else at home and even in your workplace. So, are you question? | https://ohativuwug.ml/volume-1-modern-electrochemistry-ionics.php |
Q:
Sum of mutliples b/w $2$ and $10$ . What is wrong with this method
I am trying to find the sum of multiples b/w $2$ and $10$ end points non-inclusive using the following mechanism and I don't know why I am getting the wrong answer. (I selected this small range intentionally just to check the result)
First I find the no. of multiples b/w $2$ and $10$ using
No. of Multiples = $\frac{10-2}{2} - 1 = 3$ So there are three multiples of 2 b/w $2$ and $10$
Sum of Multiples now is = Multiple$(1+2+3)$=$2(6)=12$
But The answer is supposes to be $4+6+8 = 18$
Why am I getting the wrong answer.
Edit: I think the problem is with the formula:
Sum of Multiples now is = Multiple$(1+2+3)$=$2(6)=12$
I got this from here 3rd Comment after the question
A:
Maybe things will be clearer if we look at another example. Find the sum of all the multiples of 3 between 10 and 100. In this case, we are being asked to find $$12+15+18+21+\cdots+93+96+99.$$ That's the same as $$3(4+5+6+7+\cdots+31+32+33).$$ Why do the numbers inside the bracket start at 4, not at 1? Because the numbers we're adding start at 12, which is $3\times4$, not $3\times1$. Why do the numbers inside the bracket go up to 33? Because the numbers we're adding go up to 99, and $99=3\times33$.
This still leaves you with the problem of finding $$4+5+6+7+\cdots+31+32+33,$$ of course.
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What is and what will be the role of digitisation in our daily life? What kinds of opportunities and threats are created by data use? We are using an open questionnaire to collect stories about data and digitisation using the SenseMaker method. Information obtained from the questionnaire is important for planning and designing new services aimed at all Finnish citizens.
Digitisation plays a big part in our daily life. Its impact is felt both at work and in our free time. There is no digitisation, however, without the data that is created and used constantly, even though we rarely pay attention to this. In the Digital Health HUB project, we have focused on the topic of data use, considering also the perspective of the data producer – the individual. We are now collecting stories about data and digitisation in Finland.
To gather the stories we are using the SenseMaker survey tool, which combines qualitative research methods with a more traditional type of survey. This form of questionnaire is different from normal approaches in that we collect personal stories instead of answers to pre-prepared response options. The method has been developed at the Cynefin Centre at Bangor University in Wales.
The main developer of the method is the internationally renowned Honorary Professor of Knowledge Management Dave Snowden. The SenseMaker method is currently also being tried out in Sitra’s alumni training projects.
We are collecting stories about the thoughts and ideas inspired by digitisation and data using an open questionnaire and with as diverse a group of respondents as possible. We are interested in all kinds of stories – big or small, short or long. How the story is told is not important. What is important is the content. We are interested in hearing all the kinds of things which the topic brings to mind. What significance does data and digitisation have in the respondent’s daily life? Or is there any significance at all? That also interests us.
The more specific questions on the questionnaire form are answered based on the respondent’s story. The research analysis will focus on these answers, not so much on the stories themselves.
The respondents cannot be identified from the questionnaire and their answers are to be used only by the researchers. If desired, the respondent may refuse to have their story published, in which case not even the researcher will see the story.
Through these stories, we want to understand better the attitudes of Finns towards the use of their data and towards digitisation. This information is important for the planning and design of new services aimed at Finnish citizens.
We are carrying out the Data and Digitisation questionnaire in co-operation with Sitra’s Digital Health HUB project and the Cynefin Centre. The intention is to repeat the questionnaire at a later stage in other European countries in co-operation with the project’s international partners.
The survey is open until 30 April 2018. After this, the results will be analysed. We will publish a summary on the Sitra website later in the spring.
Anyone can participate in the questionnaire (in Finnish) by following this link. You can respond to the question several times if you have a number of stories that you wish to share. | https://www.sitra.fi/en/projects/data-and-digitisation/ |
It was observed by the Court that from time to time various petitions have been filed regarding the rights of workers in the unorganized sector including construction workers, especially in areas of safety, occupational health and welfare measures, and series of directions were issued pertaining to the matter regarding non-compliance with the BOCW and Cess Act and the need for its effective implementation but neither any state government nor any union territory administration took steps to implement the laws made by the legislation for the benefit of laborers and construction workers; thereby infringing the laborers’ right to social and economic justice.
In the present case, again the need for implementation of welfare schemes for workers arose with reference to BOCW act and Cess act. The present case analysis aims to scrutinize the background, facts, issues raised, and arguments on both sides and highlights concepts made in the case.
INTRODUCTION
Workers are an essential part of any country’s economy and the growth and development of a nation depend on workers largely. It should be the duty of the government to protect and work for the welfare of workers ensuring that their rights are not violated. In India, although there have been various laws made for the welfare of workers due to lack of implementation, they hardly made any change, and workers continue to suffer.
The present case is with regards to implementation of workers welfare schemes where a petition had been filed under article 32 of the Indian Constitution.
Article 32(2) – “The Supreme Court shall have power to issue directions or orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari, whichever may be appropriate, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by this Part”
FACTS OF THE CASE
The Petitioner is an organization working for workers right filed a writ petition under Article 32 in which several prayers have been made but essentially the prayer was that the BOCW Act and the Cess Act should be meaningfully implemented in letter and spirit. On the other hand, the submissions of the learned Additional Solicitor General appearing on behalf of the Union of India were to the effect that all efforts are being made to ensure that there is full and effective compliance with the provisions of the BOCW Act and that the Monitoring Committee is supervising these efforts so that all necessary entitlements and benefits are passed on to the construction workers.
ISSUES RAISED
- Can delay in the effective implementation of both the statutes be a ground for invalidating the levy of cess?
- Whether beneficial measures for the welfare of construction workers covered under the BOCW Act and Cess Act?
- Is cess, in fact, a tax?
- Whether both the statutes implemented as per the intention of the parliament?
- Does BOCW Act and Cess Act effective?
RELEVANT PROVISIONS
The BOCW Act and Cess Act were both enacted in 1996. They both provide certain obligations to the governments and other stakeholders.
The BOCW Act whose full form is Building and Other Constructions Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service), to regulate the employment and conditions of service of building and other construction workers and to provide for their safety, health, and welfare measures and for other matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
Important provisions of the act –
- Section 3 & 4 – Constitution of Central and State Advisory Committee(s) to advise the appropriate Government on matters concerning the administration of the BOCW Act
- Section 5 – constitution of Expert Committee(s)
- Section 6&7– appointment of registering officers and registration of establishments employing building and construction workers by making an application to the registering officer
- Section 12&13– registration of building and construction workers as beneficiaries under the BOCW Act and issuance of identity cards to them
- Section 18 & 22-constitution of State Welfare Boards
- Section 24 -Creation of a Welfare Fund
The Cess Act was enacted to provide for the levy and collection of Cess on the cost of construction incurred by employers with a view to augmenting the resources of the Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Boards constituted under the BOCW Act.
Important provisions of the act –
- Section 3 deals with levy and collection of cess
- Section 4 & 5 – says that every employer to furnish a return to the concerned officer or authority and that officer or authority is obliged to make an assessment of the amount of cess payable by the employer.
ARGUMENTS OF THE PETITIONERS
It was contended by the petitioner that both BOCW Act and Cess Act were made for the welfare and protection of workers but had been continuously neglected by the state and union territories governments and due to which Articles 15(3), 39(e) and (f) and also Articles 45 and 47 of the Constitution violated which provided obligation for the state to protect the basic rights of workers.
It was also argued that non-implementation also violates Article 21 of the Constitution, which provides for the right to live with dignity and also violates international convention namely the Safety and Health in Construction Convention (No. 167) adopted by the International Labour Organization in 1988 and its accompanying recommendation (No.175) which provide for a foundation of law on which safe and healthy working conditions are built.
The petitioner argued that there was a gross failure by the governments and still construction workers do not have universal access number, no registration and also no benefits under various schemes reached to them.
It was argued by the petitioner that a lot of funds being collected in the name of cess for the welfare of workers but remain unused. Also, under these two acts, there are certain obligation for the states like to create welfare fund, advisory committee which had not been fulfilled by most of the states.
ARGUMENTS BY THE RESPONDENTS
The respondents were central and state governments, union territories, and ministry of labor and CAG, who were asked to submit affidavits where it was clearly observed by the court that all of them failed to implement BOCW and Cess act and the intention and purpose for which it was made actually never fulfilled despite repeated directions by the court.
Ministry of Labour and Employment informed to the court that certain positive steps contemplated by the Government of India.
- Introduction of a Universal Access Number to be provided to every construction worker so that if he or she migrates from one State to another, the benefit of registration does not get lost, nor does that construction worker need to get registered in the other State;
- Registration of construction workers – there were more than 4 crores construction workers, only about 1.5 crores had been registered with the concerned authorities. It was expected that the remaining construction workers would be registered before the end of the financial year that is by 31st March, 2016;
- Ensuring that benefits of Government schemes are passed on to construction workers, such as scholarships, skill development programs etc.
JUDGMENT
The Apex Court showed its concern on the continuous non-compliance by the states and union territories pertaining to workers right and the failure of the intent of the BOWC and Cess Act.
The Apex court cited Hingir-Rampur Coal Co. Ltd. v. State of Orissa, In Builders Association of India v. Union of India, Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India , Dewan Chand Builders & Contractors v. Union of India State of W.B. v. Kesoram Industries Ltd judgments where BOCW Act and Cess Acts were upheld and are welfare measured which are obligations of states through various fundamental rights and directive principles, also it was declared that levy of cess was a fee and not a tax. The Court noticed that despite repeated directions since 2008 through various judgments and hearings, the governments were negligent and workers continued to suffer.
Again the Apex Court issued directions and this time with a warning of contempt proceedings against the government-
Direction given by the court is –
Strengthen the registration machinery, both for the registration of establishments as well as registration of construction workers – establish and strengthen the machinery for the collection of cess.
There are various schemes running at different the level which do more harm and then good as they often conflict each other and also, their implementation becomes difficult, therefore, Instead of so many welfare schemes for workers, the Apex Court ordered the Central Government to have a model scheme before 30th September 2018
Ministry of Labor and Employment, the State Governments and the UTAs to conduct a social audit on the implementation of the BOCW Act so that in future there is better and more effective and meaningful implementation of the BOCW Act.
Apart from the specific directions, some general directions were also issued, these are – Every State Government and UTA shall constitute a State Advisory Committee and Expert The committee, appoint Registering Officers for registration of establishments and construction workers, establish a Welfare Board, Welfare Fund, construction workers should be given identity cards and should be registered, utilize Cess collected for benefits of workers.
CONCLUSION
BOWC Act and Cess Act were made to protect the rights of the workers and are also an obligation of government under the constitution. It should be noted that India’s economy largely runs by an unorganized sector and therefore their role is crucial for the country’s development. There is a need to ensure that workers being part of the informal sector are being protected as they are vulnerable to various types of exploitation. Governments should consider the issue as important and should comply with the directions given by the Apex Court.
After this landmark judgment and strict directions given by the honorable court, Workers in the unorganized sector especially daily wage workers would get some protection and relief and would able to enjoy welfares schemes. | https://lawfoyer.in/national-campaign-committee-for-vs-union-of-india/ |
'Big Love' in big trouble with Mormons
Did the creators of HBO's “Big Love” cross a line in Sunday's episode by portraying a ritual that normally happens behind the sealed doors of a Mormon temple? Some members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints say there are corners of the religious landscape where Hollywood is just not welcome.
I checked in with polygamist fans of the show who I've written about in the past—fundamentalist Mormons who practice the kind of plural marriage portrayed in “Big Love.”
Anne Wilde, a plural wife for 33 years until the death of her husband, also voiced her objections to Sunday’s episode.
“It seems that many religions have sacred elements that are not for public view--and certainly the LDS temple ceremony is one of them,” said Wilde, co-founder of Principle Voices, a plural marriage advocacy group. She predicted before the show that it would offend mainstream LDS members as well as Fundamentalist Mormons, most of whom have no access to the temple because they practice plural marriage, "but nevertheless support the sacred and private nature of its ceremonies. Indeed, when I touched base with Wilde after the show, she expressed bewilderment that the show pushed the envelope as far as it did. "Of all the parts of the temple ceremony that 'Big Love' could have depicted, they selected absolutely the most sacred and confidential," she said. "I was shocked (as were the two active LDS members with whom I watched the show) that the wording, Priesthood handshake, and going through the temple veil were all shown. I don't see how that part of the ceremony was essential to the plot, as the writers had previously claimed ... I feel they really overstepped ethical boundaries.
Sunday’s episode shows Barb (played by Jeanne Tripplehorn), who is not a church member in good standing, finding a way into a temple anyhow.
“She has been conflicted about her relationship to the Church for three seasons now, but the thought of being cast into ‘outer darkness’ as excommunication promises is something deeply upsetting to her,” Mark V. Olsen and Will Scheffer, the show’s creators and executive producers, said in an e-mail. “She was brought up in this Church and still loves it. If the Church would allow her to be a member she would do so without hesitation.”
Wilde can relate to much of the show, which often illustrates how plural wives usually get along.
“One thing I have especially liked about the show so far is the family solidarity; even though the three wives have disagreements, they usually support each other in the long run,” she said. “I also like the fact that the Hendrickson family lives in a relatively upscale community, is not in an isolated area, is able to support themselves … dispelling the stereotypes that all polygamous wives are controlled and uneducated, dress in different styles, depend on government assistance.”
But in Wilde’s opinion, this isn’t the first time “Big Love” pushed the envelope. She also questions their accuracy at times. In one plot line, for example, main character Bill Henrickson surreptitiously pursued a prospective fourth wife.
“It is not acceptable, for most Fundamentalist Mormons, if the husband seriously ‘courts’ a future wife without the knowledge of the existing wives,” Wilde said. “And the fact that he ‘slept’ with her before the marriage sealing was performed is definitely immoral in our estimation.”
On Sunday night, Wilde said she did not appreciate the obvious deception Barb had to use in order to get inside the temple. Wilde also said the show got the pattern and color of the temple aprons wrong. (They are green, not blue.)
HBO apologized to those who might be offended by the fictional ceremony. Olsen and Scheffer said they went to great lengths to portray the ceremony accurately.
“In approaching the dramatization of the endowment ceremony, we knew we had a responsibility to be completely accurate and to show the ceremony in the proper context and with respect,” Olsen and Scheffer said in a statement. “In order to assure the accuracy of the ceremony, it was thoroughly vetted by an adviser who is familiar with temple practices and rituals. This consultant was actually on the set throughout the filming of the scenes to make sure every detail was correct.”
According to Olsen and Scheffer, that consultant was born into the church and taught temple ritual and practices. The individual resigned from the church eight years ago.
Sunday’s episode has prompted some mainstream Mormons to boycott and cancel subscriptions to companies owned by HBO’s parent company Time Warner. But The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has not adopted an official position.
“Certainly Church members are offended when their most sacred practices are misrepresented or presented without context or understanding," the church said in a statement. "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as an institution does not call for boycotts. Such a step would simply generate the kind of controversy that the media loves and in the end would increase audiences for the series.”
But Wilde hopes more people do watch the show and realize that all Americans (including polygamists) should be granted equal civil rights. She said plural marriage between consenting adults should be a constitutional guarantee.
“By learning more about this lifestyle, they hopefully can see that a polygamous family is very similar to a monogamous family in many ways," Wilde said. "Except there are usually more members of the family, thus more people to love and more people to love you.”
What do you think? Should Hollywood avoid the secret and sacred?Update: I checked in with Wilde after the show aired. | https://newsblogs.chicagotribune.com/religion_theseeker/2009/03/big-love-in-big-trouble-with-mormons.html |
The Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance’s Operation Safe Driver Week starts this Sunday, Oct. 15, and run through the following Saturday, Oct. 21. During that time, law enforcement personnel across the country will be focusing on identifying unsafe driving behavior by both truckers and motorists.
CVSA stated that because unsafe driver behaviors make up the leading cause of crashes, law enforcement will engage in “heightened traffic safety enforcement and educational outreach” during Operation Safe Driver Week, including issuing warnings and/or citations as warranted.
The Operation Safe Driver Program was created to help reduce the number of crashes, deaths, and injuries involving commercial vehicles due to unsafe driving behaviors. During the week, there will be increased commercial vehicle and passenger vehicle traffic enforcement.
Examples of dangerous driver behaviors that enforcement personnel will be tracking throughout Operation Safe Driver Week are speeding, distracted driving, texting, failure to use a seatbelt while operating a CMV or in a passenger vehicle, traveling too closely, improper lane changes, and failure to obey traffic control devices, as well as other offenses. | https://www.truckinginfo.com/142560/cvsas-operation-safe-driver-week-is-right-around-the-bend |
The cell is the smallest independent unit in all living organisms. The cell can also form an individual organism itself. Such organisms are referred to as microorganisms as they are not visible to the naked eye. Examination of the internal structure of the microbial cells reveals two structural types: the prokaryote (Bacteria or Archea) and the eukaryote (Eukarya) (Table 1). The previous group includes the bacteria while the latter contain protozoa, fungi, algae, plants, and animals. Prokaryotic cells have a very simple structure. They lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus and they are very small, typically being from less than 1 mm up to several micrometers. Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and structurally more complex. They contain a membrane-enclosed nucleus, and several membrane-enclosed organelles specialized in performing various cell tasks. The morphological differences between the two cell types have profound effect on their capacities to absorb and transform nutrients and energy. The pro-karyotes have a large surface in relation to their volume meaning short transportation distances within the cell not hindered by complex membrane systems. Their potential to transform and take up nutrients as well as to grow is very high; hence, they can be said to be tailor-made for high metabolic rates. Some bacteria may under optimal conditions multiply by binary division every 20 min. This will result in a rapid exponential increase in cells.
For its growth the cell needs energy, carbon, and macronutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, and several elements in minor amounts. In addition, an adequate environment is needed, with oxygen, water, temperature, and pH being the most important regulators. Most microorganisms are heterotrophs and organotrophs meaning that they derive their energy and carbon, respectively, from organic molecules (Table 2). Other energy options available are inorganic chemicals (lithotrophs) and light (phototrophs). It is not uncommon that bacteria, like plants, can use carbon dioxide as the carbon source (auto-trophs). Though the most common trait of living is organo-heterotrophic, virtually all combinations above of energy and carbon derivation exist.
Classical taxonomy of microbes is based on phenotypic characters like shape and size, and their relation to oxygen, as well as way of utilizing the carbon and energy source. Two classical shapes of bacteria are the rod and coccus, but filamentous and appendaged forms are also common. In addition to the shape, production ofdifferent enzymes is an important parameter in grouping and identifying bacteria. Recent developments within the nucleic acid-based molecular biology have provided invaluable tools in the systematic of life by genotypic characters. By
Table 1 Cell types and some typical characteristics
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Characteristic
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Morphology and genetic Cell size
Cell wall components
Cell membrane lipids Membrane-enveloped organelles DNA
Biochemistry and physiology Methane production Nitrification Denitrification Nitrogen fixation Chlorophyll-based photosynthesis Fermentation end products
Small, mostly
0.5-5 mm Peptidoglucane
Ester-linked Absent
One chromosome, circular, naked Yes
Diverse
Small, mostly
0.5-5 mm Protein, pseudopeptido-glucane Ether-linked Absent
One chromosome, circular, naked Yes
Diverse
Larger, mostly
5-100 mm Absent, or cellulose or chitin
Ester-linked
Mitochondrion, chloroplast, endoplasmatic reticulum, Golgi apparatus Several chromosomes, straight, enveloped
Rare
No No No No Yes
Lactate or ethanol
|
|
Table 2 Characterization of chemotrophic organisms according to their need of carbon and energy
|
|
Type
|
|
Carbon source
|
|
Examples of primary electron donors
|
|
Examples of terminal electron acceptors
|
|
Energy metabolism Lithotrophs
Organotrophs
Carbon metabolism
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
|
|
Fei, H2 Organic
|
|
Respiration: O2, NO3, NO2, S0, SO23, CO2
Respiration: O2, NO^ NO2, SO43, Fe3+, CO2, organic; fermentation: organic
-, not relevant to this term.
-, not relevant to this term.
comparing nucleotide sequences of not known organisms with the emerging database of sequence information, unknown organisms can be identified and/or classified.
Aggregated microbial communities called flocs or biofilms are the backbone of most WWT processes (Figures 1a and 1b). The source of microorganisms is soil and sewage coming in with influent wastewater. In the WWT system the organisms are subjected to high selective pressure. Those tolerating the new environment will develop and even thrive to form the basis for an effective WWT process. In any system organic molecules due to their chemical/energetic properties will accumulate at interfaces (gas/liquid or liquid/solid). Hence, these niches will be the first to be colonized and microorganisms with features for keeping the community tightly together, for example, production of extracellular polysaccharides acting as glue, will dominate. The microbial community so formed will consist of a web of different species of bacteria, protozoa, and metazoa. Though present, fungi, algae, and virus probably play a less important role. The communites can be observed as sludge flocks or biofilms. Another advantage of living in dense communities is that environmental gradients, for example, of oxygen and substrate, are formed, allowing many types of organisms to share the space. From the WWT point of view the cooperation of micoorganisms will result in an effective degradation and mineralization of organic matter.
Bacteria
Mineral particle
Protozoa Filamentous Air bubble Organic Polysaccharide matrix with bacteria fiber oxygen and chemical gradients
Bacteria
Mineral particle
Protozoa Filamentous Air bubble Organic Polysaccharide matrix with bacteria fiber oxygen and chemical gradients
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The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) forecasts national gross domestic product (GDP) to rise 5,4% this year, above government expectations, and sees inflation climbing to 6,3% .
In the report on global economic forecasts published today, the Paris-based body sees real GDP growing by 5,4% this year and 1,7% in 2023, due to "robust" public investments, driven by European Union funds, and the recovery of tourism. .
Although the OECD's outlook for this year is slightly more pessimistic than that of December, when it forecast GDP growth of 5,8% this year, it is more optimistic than that of the government and the Bank of Portugal. , which expect growth of 5,8% this year. year 4,9%.
The forecasts are still higher than those of the Public Finance Council (4,8%) and the International Monetary Fund (4%), being exceeded only by those of the European Commission (5,8%).
The OECD explains that strong growth in private consumption and the recovery in tourism supported GDP expansion at the start of 2022.
However, the pace of recovery is slowing, with heightened uncertainty due to the war in Ukraine, rising commodity and energy prices and falling real wages (due to inflation), indicating a expected decrease in pent-up demand and the impact of inflation on consumption.
The OECD also estimates that the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) will rise to 6,3% this year and 4% in 2023 and inflation to 5,3% this year and 3,9% next. .
The report also notes that strong nominal GDP growth will help reduce the public debt ratio to 120% this year and 116,7% in 2023, while the budget deficit is expected to fall to 1,5% this year and to 1,1% next year.
“Temporary fiscal support against high energy prices should target the most affected households and businesses,” stresses the OECD, noting that, for example, other types of financial support should replace the reduction of taxes on the fuels.
Among the aids, the OECD also suggests technical and financial support for low-income and vulnerable families, but viable businesses, such as building insulation, should increase, also encouraging the adoption of digital technologies and maintaining the government commitment to fiscal prudence. to reassure financial markets and limit rising funding costs as monetary policy normalizes.
“Given the high levels of public debt, maintaining a prudent fiscal policy and defining a credible medium-term fiscal consolidation plan will be essential to ensure favorable financing conditions,” he stresses.
The OECD also predicts that the unemployment rate will fall to 5,8% this year and 5,7% in 2023. | https://www.moveaveiro.pt/en/locde-plus-optimiste-que-le-gouvernement-voit-le-pib-augmenter-de-54-cette-annee-linflation-a-63 |
With the House and Senate recently undergoing oversight hearings of the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), it's helpful to remember what CBO is and how exactly it came about. This blog seeks to explain a few basic questions about CBO, its origin, why it's a vital part of the budget process, and how it goes about scoring legislation and forecasting budget and economic outcomes.
- What is CBO?
- Why is CBO important?
- What is the CBO Baseline and how is it constructed?
- How does CBO estimate the cost of legislation?
- What role does CBO play in the budget process?
- Does CBO score tax legislation?
- How does CBO score health care legislation?
- Can everyone access CBO's models and data used to come up with the estimates and the baseline?
- Where can I find CBO's budget reports and cost estimates?
The Congressional Budget Office was established by the 1974 Budget Act to serve as a nonpartisan scorekeeper that estimates the effects of legislation on the federal budget. Prior to its creation, Congress had to rely on the White House's Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for fiscal analysis of its proposals; by creating CBO, Congress could have its own neutral arbiter of the President's proposals as well as their own.
Though CBO technically answers to the budget committees, it is effectively an independent legislative agency. Its primary role is to issue projections of federal spending, revenue, deficits, and debt and then use this "baseline" as a neutral benchmark to score the budgetary implications of legislative proposals. In addition to issuing baselines and official cost estimates of legislation, CBO also provides technical assistance to legislators and budget writers, publishes detailed economic and program-by-program budgetary projections, re-estimates the President's budget using their own models and assumptions, reports on the nation's long-term fiscal outlook, regularly offers options to reduce the deficit and adjust various tax and spending program, and issues numerous reports on a variety of economic and budgetary topics.
CBO does not offer any explicit policy recommendations, nor do they endorse or oppose any legislative proposals.
During the legislative process, CBO plays the vital role as the neutral scorekeeper. Just as baseball players don't call their own balls and strikes, CBO ensures that policymakers are all negotiating from a common set of facts and numbers – not each using their own estimates.
CBO's estimates are generated by a highly regarded team of economists and analysts using some of the most sophisticated models in the world. And perhaps most importantly, CBO is a truly nonpartisan institution whose estimates and scores are viewed as unbiased and objective.
CBO's unbiased and thorough modeling allows Congress to exercise its power of the purse without relying on the executive branch's estimates and assistance (or lack thereof). CBO also provides a vital role in enforcement as its scores and estimates are used to ensure Members of Congress don't violate various budgetary rules meant to curb increases in the deficit.
What is the CBO Baseline and how is it constructed?
Several times per year, CBO issues a "budget baseline" that projects taxes and spending over a ten-year period. CBO's baseline is not meant to be a prediction of what will happen but rather is meant provide a neutral benchmark against which to measure the effects of future legislation.
The CBO baseline is generally based on current law, meaning it projects what would happen if all revenue and outlays occur based only on laws currently in place – regardless of what is likely to happen or what Congress may intend to do. However, CBO's current law concept sometimes deviates from a strict interpretation of current law – for example, the baseline effectively assumes Congress will extend annual appropriations bills (and grow them with inflation) year after year, continue certain temporary spending authorizations, allow most programs facing trust fund exhaustion to continue spending when resources are exhausted, and regularly increase the debt limit.
For the most part, the baseline is built from the bottom up – CBO constructs ten-year forecasts for nearly every spending programs and every part of the tax code. These projections are based on current and historic spending and predictions of future changes in prices, costs, eligibility, composition, behavioral responses, and other factors – as well as any changes in laws or regulations that may occur over time.
All budgetary projections are made in part based on CBO's economic forecasts, which analyze short-term and long-term trends in employment, prices, wages, interest rates, consumption, investment, income, labor, capital, productivity, and other factors. In the first five years of its forecast, CBO's economic assumptions combine projected changes in economic potential with predictions over the course of the business cycle; in the second five years, it assumes a steady business cycle rather than trying to project booms and busts. CBO's economic assumptions also incorporate possible policy feedback resulting from various current-law policies incorporated in its baseline.
How does CBO estimate the cost of legislation?
Generally, CBO "scores" the cost of legislation by estimating the effect it might have on revenue and spending relative to the CBO baseline. For example, if a program was projected to cost $100 billion over ten years under CBO's baseline and would cost $90 billion under new legislation, that legislation would be scored as saving $10 billion. CBO staff employ a number of different models to help them make cost estimates and attempt to collect the best data and research available to help design those models and determine possible inputs.
CBO scores are inherently uncertain but are designed to represent the central estimate among a range of possible outcomes. Estimates also aim to measure the complete impact of legislation on the federal budget; this includes any interactions a change might have with other parts of the budget or tax code and the fiscal impact of any changes the proposal may cause to individual, business, or state and local government behavior.
Because CBO scores account for behavioral changes, they are not purely "static" in nature. However, conventional CBO scores focus on "microdynamic" effects of individual behavior and do not account for the possible impact of legislation on the macro-economy (for example, on unemployment or gross domestic product). Increasingly, though, CBO has begun to provide macrodynamic scores – which account for changes to the economy and the effects of those changes on the budget – when possible.
What role does CBO play in the budget process?
When it comes to the development of congressional budget resolutions, CBO generally plays an advisory role – supplying the budget committees with estimates that can be used to help construct their budget. When it comes to the President's budget, CBO generally provides a re-estimate based on their own scores and assumptions. When possible, CBO also conducts and publishes a macroeconomic analysis of the President's budget, which features an estimate of how full enactment of the President's policy proposals would impact the greater economy.
Outside of budget resolutions, CBO is also charged with providing Congress with an estimate of the budgetary effects of appropriations legislation. Although appropriations bills are not "scored" in the traditional sense – appropriations do not follow the same rules as legislation that changes tax or spending policies – CBO estimates the outlay effects of budget authority assigned by appropriations bills. CBO also advises Congress on sequestration, though the agency is not tasked with enforcing it.
Does CBO score tax legislation?
Though CBO makes revenue projections, generally they rely on the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) to estimate the effect of specific revenue bills. JCT's estimates are then incorporated into CBO's overall scores. When legislation includes both tax and spending components, as is often the case, CBO and JCT may work together to develop a score. Importantly, all of JCT's tax legislation estimates are based on CBO's revenue baseline, so the two agencies are both vital to the process of estimating tax legislation.
How does CBO score health care legislation?
CBO's process for scoring health care legislation is similar to how it evaluates other pieces of legislation, but with the addition of simulating health insurance coverage. Health care is a particularly difficult issue to model; how many people are covered, the cost of premiums, and behavioral decisions regarding how people choose to get coverage all greatly affect government spending and revenues, and they all interact with one another. Like all other cost estimates, health care scores represent the central point estimate of a wide range of estimates.
Because the budgetary effects of the Affordable Care Act (ACA or "Obamacare") and subsequent legislative proposals to change it and/or repeal it differ greatly depending on how they affect insurance coverage, CBO developed its health coverage model over several years to try to estimate how many individuals under 65 (the Medicare eligibility age) would get coverage under Medicaid, using premium subsidies, or through employer-sponsored insurance, and how many would remain uninsured. Each of these factors contributes either directly to federal expenditures (in the case of Medicaid and premium subsidies), revenues (in the case of premium subsidies and employ-sponsored insurance), and in premium changes based on the overall risk pool and regulations underlying insurance coverage.
Can everyone access CBO's models and data used to come up with estimates and the baseline?
CBO generally does not publish its models, but CBO Director Keith Hall has said the agency is looking into publishing various computer models to help promote greater transparency. Some of the data used in cost estimates and baseline construction is sensitive and too confidential too be released widely, but CBO does release as much data as possible to help outside groups and the public to better understand where its estimates come from. For instance, with each baseline update, CBO publishes spreadsheets of its underlying spending, revenue, economic, and overall budget numbers. CBO also publishes the underlying data for figures in many of its reports and cost estimates as well.
Where can I find CBO's budget reports and cost estimates?
Each cost estimate is posted on CBO's website, typically after a committee has approved it or if it is under consideration by Congress in accordance with rules that require a score. Cost estimates are available here. CBO also publishes many of its past and current recurring reports – including its budget and economic outlook, its analysis of the President's budget, and long-term outlook – in reverse chronological order. These recurring reports can be found here.
Additionally, CRFB publishes regular analyses that break down CBO's reports and cost estimates in easier-to-digest formats. CRFB's regular breakdowns of CBO's reports can be found here. Many of CRFB's analyses of cost estimates can be found here, and others will be available via CRFB's blog The Bottom Line as they are published.
***
As CBO oversight hearings continue and Congress evaluates the budget process, it is important to keep in mind the invaluable work that this nonpartisan institution delivers every day.
For more information on CBO, you can read the following products they've recently published: | https://www.crfb.org/blogs/short-primer-congressional-budget-office |
Our Tibetan rug and homeware collections celebrate Nepalese culture by innovating traditional Nepalese craft, with modern design.
We work with local artisans and artisanal workshops in Nepal to create handcrafted pieces for the modern, international home; pieces that inspire a sense of adventure and intrigue.
Each collection has its own unique story to tell, from the application of ancient practices to the communities behind them. Bringing the beauty of one of Asia's oldest crafting cultures to homes all over the world.
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The Chakra Design Collection is influenced by ancient Buddhist and Hindu values, aiming to harness purposeful design to encourage balance and appreciation.
This Collection is inspired by the seven wheels of Chakra and uses eclectic, vibrant colour palettes and contemporary floral patterns to create stand alone styles. Approaching the different elements of Chakra with fresh eyes and originality, creating energy in designs that reflect different aspects of balanced living.
The Tibetan rug is the antithesis of throwaway culture; a covetable treasure that captures the intricacies of beautiful design through centuries of Himalayan crafts and cultural exchange.
Skilled artisans can knot up to 10,000 knots a day, taking years, sometimes decades to perfect their skill. These specialist methodologies create timeless, intergenerational heirlooms that encapsulate the mysteries of Tibetan culture and its stories. | https://chaccra.com/ |
Q:
Mean of Multiple Columns in R
I am trying take the mean of a list of columns in R and am running into a issue. Let's say I have:
A B C D
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
What I am trying to do is take the mean of columns c(A,C) and save it as a value say (E) as well as the mean of columns c(B,D) and have it save as a different value say F. Is that possible?
E F
2 3
6 7
10 11
A:
Check out dplyr:
library(dplyr)
df <- df %>% mutate(E=(A+C)/2, F=(B+D)/2)
df
A B C D E F
1 1 2 3 4 2 3
2 5 6 7 8 6 7
3 9 10 11 12 10 11
| |
The Specializing Master provides the tools to be able to express itself in the field of work, right away, at good professional levels. Students can study the synergistic roles that the marketing and creative sectors of the company perform in the implementation of the most suitable strategies to conceive new types of products and services. In particular, in the concept of Brand-Extension, we will discuss how the project develops, from strategy and organization, to the design and planning of goods to be placed on the market.
The proposed training consists of 4 modules which enable students to grasp the necessary issues in order to to engage in the profession of Licensing Manager through the study of information related to the contexts of strategy, planning, communication and distribution.The didactic approach is of an innovative and interactive nature, as it deals with the themes dealt with in a synergic and transversal way, and correlates them with each other through a sort of "direction". The student will have the opportunity to link different subjects together, putting into practice the different areas of creativity with the partner companies.The training topics are crossed among them:
- Construction of Value: Merchandising, Brand-Extension, Licensing, Brand-Protection;
- Licensing Project: Marketing, Strategy, Communication, Distribution;
- Creative Process: Project Architecture, Design, Production, Service.
Traditional lessons alternate with case discussions, meetings with exponents of the business world, exercises and application works:
- Company Visit: field activities to enhance the skills acquired in the field;
- Project Work: brand-extension project commissioned by partner companies:
- Business Game: simulation game in which to experiment strategic skills and collaborative spirit. | https://www.masterinfo.eu/master/6177-master-brand-extension/ |
A total infrastructure of over 80 state-of-the-art mass spectrometers are available in eleven transnational access sites.
Over 30 Orbitrap’s, more than 10 Q – TOF’s, and 5 Triple Quad’s. The platform also houses a series of MALDI-TOF/TOF’s and FT-ICR high resolution instruments. Different access sites will host projects with different requirements (e.g. PTM analysis, membrane protein analysis, Bio-imaging, native structure analysis, native MS).
A total of twenty four high resolution mass spectrometers are housed at this facility.
Nine of these mass spectrometers are permanently coupled to nano LC chromatrography systems.
Dissociation technique technologies such as Collission Induced dissociation (CID) including higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), electron transfer dissociation (ETD), and a combination of electron transfer and Higher-energy C-trap dissociation (EThcD), Ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD), ion mobility separation (IMS), cross linking MS and H/D exchange MS technologies are common practices at this access site.
This facility houses eight mass spectrometers, all coupled to sensitive nano-LC chromatography systems.
The instrumentation includes several high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometers, a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for targeted proteomics and a MALDI-MS/MS instrument.
In combination with PSD, CID, HCD and ETD peptide fragmentation possibilities, these instruments enable high-throughput analysis of complex proteome samples as well as intact protein measurements. In addition, workflows for targeted MS-based approaches, including selected/parallel reaction monitoring (SRM/PRM) and data independent acquisition (DIA) are in place.
This institution has eleven high-resolution mass spectrometers all equipped for analysis of high-throughput nanoLC-MSMS proteomics experiments.
For online LC-MS/MS experiments, the proteomics platform also has 12 Easy nLC1200, 2 Easy nLC1000 and 3 EvoSep One LCs.
The instruments include 10 of the latest generation of Q Exactive HF-X mass spectrometers exhibiting improved speed and sensitivity, and one Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer providing complementary fragmentation techniques and scanning techniques, such as ETD and MS3 acquisition.
This facility houses nine mass spectrometers, which are equipped for nanoLC-MS/MS proteomics-type experiments.
The instruments include state-of-the-art technologies like high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry, CID, HCD, electron transfer dissociation (ETD), and combinations thereof (EThcD), and cross-linking MS.
This joint facility houses five high-end mass spectrometers, including an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos, a LTQ-Orbitrap XL, a LTQ-Orbitrap Velos, a QTRAP 5500, and a QTOF 5600.
All mass spectrometers are equipped with nanoLC chromatographic systems for quantitative proteomics experiments, and they cover a wide range of mass analysers (orbitrap, TOF, quadrupoles, ion traps), fragmentation types (CID, HCD, ETD, and their combinations), and acquisition workflows (e.g. DDA, SRM, PRM, and DIA).
This facility houses five mass spectrometers (Q Exactive HF-X, Q Exactive Plus, LTQ Orbitrap Velos, Impact QqTOF and Qtrap 5500).
This facility houses eleven mass spectrometers for the analysis of proteomic and metabolomic experiments. The infrastructure boasts the latest hardware for proteomics including three Orbitrap Fusion Lumos instruments (equipped with electron-transfer dissociation, ETD or ultra-violet photo-dissociation, UVPD) and three Orbitrap Q-Exactive HF-X instruments.
All six Orbitrap instruments are furnished with ultra-high performance nano-liquid chromatography systems. This outstanding equipment base enables proteomic projects at any scale and ranging from high-throughput discovery (data-dependent acquisition, DDA), targeted (parallel reaction monitoring, PRM) and data-independent (DIA) experiments.
Instruments available at these facilities include: MALDI-TOF/TOF MS (UltraflexExtreme, Bruker Daltonik). LC MS/MS experiments are provided by the coupling of nano LC chromatographic systems to an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos and an Orbitrap Elite.
The Pasteur Instituut houses six mass spectrometers, all equipped for nanoLC-MS/MS proteomics-type experiments.
The instruments include state-of-the-art technologies like CID, HCD, Surface Induced Dissociation (SID), Electron Transfer Dissociation (ETD), and combinations thereof (EThcD), Ion Mobility Separation (IMS), cross-linking MS and H/D exchange MS (with an automated HDX platform). Ultra-violet photo-dissociation (UVPD) will be available soon.
This facility operates one dedicated ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system coupled with a high field hybrid quadruple-orbitrap mass spectrometer (QExactive-HF) and has additional access to an identical instrument setup is also available at the centralized Consortium (COGENTECH) of the Campus, when additional measurement is needed.
This MS platform is integrated to an ample set of consolidated biochemical and analytical protocols for histone, protein, peptide, modified peptide and sub-proteomes purification prior to MS-analysis. Standard Data-dependent acquisition (DDA) methods are normally used, but hybrid DDA-single reaction monitoring (SIM) can also be employed to specifically target modified peptides in complex matrices.
HiSeq 2000, Miseq, NovaSeq 6000, Nanostring nCounter, Biomek FX, LabChip GX; Bioanalyzer 2100, TapeStation, 10X Genomics Chromium, Covaris S220 series, to perform WGS, WES, RNAseq, ChIP-Seq, RepliSeq, Methylation, single-cells RNA analyses.
The Crystallography Unit offers Static Light Scattering, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry, Thermofluor, Mosquito nanodispenser, Crystal Imager for protein expression in insect cells (baculovirus), Biochemical characterization of macromolecular complexes and their affinities, Crystallogenesis, X-ray diffraction data collection and structure determination.
The expertise of the Cell Profiling facility is in antibody based imaging to study spatial proteomics in situ. The Cell Profiling facility offers a broad range of infrastructure services within the following pillars; proteomics, bioimaging and molecular structure, single cell biology, genomics, metabolomics, chemical biology and genome engineering, bioinformatics, drug discovery and diagnostics. | https://epic-xs.eu/technology/ |
DIAMOND FORK CANYON — The blast catches everyone by surprise, even those who were expecting it. Louder and stronger than anyone was prepared for, it throws a plume of smoke and dust high into the air and leaves ears ringing in its wake.
For a split second, everyone hesitates and the only sound is the echo of the blast bouncing off the surrounding hillsides. Then, the attack begins.
The soldiers dive out of their Humvees and seek cover behind the tires, looking to the nearby hillside to identify their attackers. One soldier takes a shot to the head but continues to fight until an officer passes by.
"You're dead, soldier," the officer says.
The young man obediently sets his gun on the ground in front of him and lies face down, the blue splash from the paintball that "killed" him spread across the top of his head.
"Sir, yes sir," he says.
Like many of his fellow soldiers, he will not "survive" this training exercise, designed to teach members of the 405th Civil Affairs Battalion of the U.S. Army Reserve, based in Pleasant Grove, how to deal with a roadside ambush using an improvised explosive device, or IED, which are blamed for nearly half of all U.S. troop deaths in Iraq.
The exercise, conducted Saturday, was a unique operation, arranged by the National Foundation for Officer Survival Training, based in Utah, with the help of the Utah County Bomb Squad, Spanish Fork Emergency Medical Service, University of Utah Air Med and a bundle of private donations. The end result was a realistic training environment one officer called "priceless."
"Today, (the soldiers) are learning a lot," said Capt. Timothy Zeisset. "This is an excellent learning exercise for them. This is private land, and the people are donating their time to come train us. It's awesome."
Zeisset, who was stationed in Iraq from January to October of 2004, said he was thankful to never be fired upon. But he said even though his unit is not intended to be directly involved in combat, the training is a must.
"Even though we're civil affairs, (insurgents) are shooting at everyone," he said. "They're not just shooting at the infantry guys."
One of the volunteers for this exercise knows all too well what happens in an ambush. Mark Mattson, a retired Navy Seal from Minnesota, now works as a security contractor and has spent a significant amount of time in Iraq. In 2004, his convoy was ambushed, and though he and most of the men on the convoy survived, he witnessed the death of a friend in the attack.
"You hate to see your buddy die," Mattson said. "You hate to see anybody die. But you don't think about that. You're maybe a little p----- off (at the attackers), but you keep that under tabs and you work through the problem."
Mattson called Saturday's training "invaluable," for its use of multiple strategies to simulate a real-life gunbattle. Insurgents are constantly updating their strategies, he said, and the key to defeating them is constant training and preparation.
Soldiers ran through a number of scenarios, from recovering disabled vehicles to using a helicopter to evacuate wounded soldiers. The first runs were chaotic, but by the time the day drew to a close, soldiers were becoming quick in their reactions and crisp in their strategies.
And for the "attackers," experienced paintball enthusiasts from the family that donated the land in Diamond Fork Canyon for the exercise, along with their friends, it's a chance to pursue their passion and help a good cause in the process.
"It really captures the essence of being in a gunbattle, because the stimuli are just out of control, and your adrenaline is screaming," Mattson said. "And these soldiers today, you can see it in them. Initially they were just out of control, but that's how they would have been in that first contact had they not had this training today."
Dave Acosta, founder and director of training for NFOST, credited the success of the exercise to all the donations and volunteers. NFOST is a nonprofit organization that trains police officers and soldiers to deal with life-threatening situations and the post-traumatic stress that may ensue. Acosta met Mattson while providing such training for soldiers in Iraq.
"At least once or twice a month, we'll get a call from someone saying how the class saved their life," Acosta said. "You see the value of it today. If (the soldiers) weren't here today, the first time they would see what they're seeing would be in real life in Iraq, and I don't know how they would have done."
Sgt. Nate Sorenson, of Provo, agreed that it was better to become familiar with the situation under these circumstances.
"It's good training," he said. "You feel the intensity while you're out there. You just hope that during training is the time you can come out and get a focus, and not when you're in Iraq." | https://www.deseret.com/2006/7/10/19963013/ambush-trains-soldiers |
Sign Club began in the spring of 2010 during Jacob LeVasseur and Katie Clifton’s freshman year, after LeVasseur heard from other students who were interested in learning sign language.
Ever since that first semester of Sign Club, it has gone strong; in the second year, they started the sign concerts.
“We want to give people the opportunity to learn this beautiful language. It’s a way of communication with a community and culture we wouldn’t have [the] opportunity to speak with otherwise,” said Clifton.
Sign language concerts give further awareness to the club, sign language, and the deaf community. And for anyone wondering what a sign language concert entails, musical tracks are played as signers rhythmically interpret the lyrics in American Sign Language.
Though the Sign Club originated with the purpose of teaching college students, members in the Sign Club now include children and adults from Quincy.
The concert opened with three performances by the children, including Professor Krejci-Papa’s twins, alongside Clifton. Those in the college sign classes performed prior to intermission, as Clifton emceed for the speaking, and LeVasseur did for those fluent in sign.
In each performance, the participants signed with passion and expression. Lauren Dempster was one of those signers.
“Once I’m there, I get so into it. I always get nervous, but the stage is where I’m most comfortable,” said Dempster, who did both a duet with Jocelyn Frederick, and a solo performance of “Give Me Your Hand.”
The concert even featured a black light performance where the only thing the audience could see onstage was the signers’ hands.
Then, the seniors came on stage, marking this show as theirs when, in the musical break of “Whispers in the Dark,” they inserted a voice clip, that they signed along with. The voices on the clip said, “Hi, I’m Katie. Hi, I’m Jacob. Hi, I’m Andrew. We’re seniors. Can’t touch this.”
After intermission, there were a number of solos, along with two duets. Of special note was Kayla Rearick’s “When I Was Your Man.” She is a freshman and has only been practicing sign language since the start of this semester.
“I chose [the song] because lots of my friends have been going through hard times lately. That was for them,” said Rearick.
Cecleia Theberge performed the song “Skin,” a performance made even more poignant when the audience learned Theberge had recently lost her mother to cancer.
After Melanie Marchetti and Rearick closed the show, they surprised the audience with a song mash-up that began with “Club Can’t Handle Me Right Now” and ended with “My Life Would Suck Without You,” the final notes of the song ending with the two seniors pointing at each other on “you”, then hugging, ending the concert on a fantastic note.
And while the founders of the club (including Monica Gonzalez who was not a part of this year’s concert) will be graduating, they will be remembered for bringing sign language to ENC.
The Sign Club meets Monday evenings from 6:30-8:30 p.m. in Angell 24 and they are always happy to see new faces, Clifton said when she ended the concert.
Sign language is here to stay at ENC and next year’s concert with a new crop of signers is sure to be something to look forward to. | https://veritas.enc.edu/2013/03/25/third-annual-sign-club-concert/ |
For this blog, I thought I would describe my seaming process for piecing the POTC (Patchwork of the Crosses) Blocks. I tried a variety of ways to construct the blocks before I settled on this method as my favorite. It is very similar to the way I piece hexagons.
You can see all of my current POTC blocks on my blog dated February 14, 2013.
| |
1. This first picture shows how I piece the center cross pieces, and the frame that surrounds it. I sew them separately, then put them together in one continuous seam.
Leaving the last piece of the outline frame un-stitched, allows me to easily sew the center into the open frame. I have tried sewing the frame completely together and adding the cross section into the circle of the completed frame, but it doesn't work as well.
2. The second picture shows the backs of these pieced items.
To create the frame, I sew the corner pink pieces together first, then sew these corners to the green pieces. Notice how the bottom edges of the pink corner sections are sewn to the sides of the green pieces to form the frame.
3. The third picture shows a closeup of the back of the center cross. Notice how the center is swirled to make it lie flat. This is so easy to do with hand piecing because you naturally end the stitching where the seams meet, rather than stitching to the edge of the fabric.
When you work with the seam on the back, it wants to swirl like this.
4. This picture shows how the outside pieces will be added by sewing them together in pairs, then attaching to the frame. This may be done before, or after adding the center cross. However, it adds weight to the frame, so I find it easier to add the center first.
Note: I am finger pressing as I go. The iron has not been used yet.
5. The last picture shows the completed, pressed block.
Note that I am making a 24-piece POTC. You can make various sizes of this block, with less, or more pieces. For the 24-piece block, this is the end of the block fabrics. Next would be to add the joining fabric.
At this point all blocks are stored flat until I have made as many as I want to use in my quilt. I will take some of the blocks with me to a fabric store to audition for fabric I want to use to join them together. Then I will add that fabric all around these blocks and join them together to complete the quilt top.
I hope this helps explain my seaming process for the POTC's, and I hope it will inspire you to begin your own POTC. | http://www.glyncor.com/blog/archives/05-2013 |
The Samuel J. Crumbine Consumer Protection Award is now accepting applications for 2018. The prestigious award is given annually to local environmental health jurisdictions that demonstrate unsurpassed achievement in providing outstanding food protection services to their communities. The purpose of the award is to encourage innovative programs and methods that reduce or eliminate the occurrence of foodborne illnesses, recognize the importance of food protection at the local level and stimulate public interest in food service sanitation. Often, winning programs offer “best practices” that may be used by others to advance their own food protection programs.
The basic criteria of an award-winning program are:
- Sustained excellence over the preceding four to six years, as documented by specific outcomes and achievements, and evidenced by continual improvements in the basic components of a comprehensive program;
- Demonstrated improvements in planning, managing and evaluating a comprehensive program;
- Innovative and effective use of program methods and problem solving to identify and reduce risk factors that are known to cause foodborne illness; and
- Providing targeted outreach; forming partnerships; and participating in forums that foster communication and information exchange among the regulators, industry and consumer representatives.
Applications are reviewed by the jury to determine whether a program meets – or exceeds – these basic criteria, then determines which is worthy of that year’s Crumbine Award.
The deadline for submission is March 15, 2018. View the 2018 award guidelines to learn how your local health department can apply. For more information about the award, please contact Amy Chang at NACCHO (202) 507-4221 or the Conference for Food Protection at (317) 696-0573. | https://www.naccho.org/blog/articles/apply-today-samuel-j-crumbine-consumer-protection-award |
FOX’s Glee explores “Guilty Pleasures” this week. We all have things that we are somewhat ashamed of liking. But because this applies to everyone, you should not feel embarrassed. And as the New Directions learn, if you are willing to share that hidden interest, you may just realize that others around you have the same love.
This is a feel-good story, to be sure, but also an incredibly cheesy one. If there’s one complaint I have about Glee overall is that every student in the club seems to know every song that ever comes up. This is incredibly unrealistic, but unfortunately also somewhat necessary to keep the story moving forward. It’s an element very apparent this week, as their songs are supposed to be more obscure, though they pick some awfully popular “obscure” pierces.
However, setting that aside, “Guilty Pleasures” is a fun episode with some nice character moments and a lot of fun musical numbers. There may be songs you don’t want to admit to enjoying, but they are enjoyed for a reason.
It all starts with Sam (Chord Overstreet) and Blaine (Darren Criss). They decide to give the club a project, since Will (Matthew Morrison) is taking the week off. Again. They pull out the guilty pleasure card, and it allows them to get some unspoken things out in the open.
After watching Tina (Jenna Ushkowitz) harbor an unrequited crush for Blaine for months, we now see Blaine hold Sam in the same regard. Thankfully, Blaine is far less creepy than Tina, and Sam and Blaine’s friendship feels more natural than Blaine and Tina’s. I don’t know if the writers think they misfired with the Tina/Blaine story and decided to try it again with Sam, but for whatever reason it came about, I like seeing the two guys together.
At first, Blaine hems and haws, avoiding talking about his feelings towards Sam. But Sam coaxes them out into the open, letting Blaine know this changes nothing between them. It’s a message many high school guys should hear, that its OK to find another man’s attention flattering without risking your masculinity, and that there is still a path to friendship there.
As much as the Sam/Blaine thing works as a story, it also helps with Glee‘s continued themes of tolerance. Gay bullying has never been more of a problem, but as society begins shifting away from this prejudice, it’s nice to see such a positive portrayal of homosexual teens on television, not new for Glee, but in using Sam, someone who is very straight, rather than a girl or another gay man, it feels fresh. For this alone, “Guilty Pleasures” is a valuable episode, even as it manages to also be entertaining.
Plus, Blaine and Sam bring us “Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go,” a beautifully staged and performed retro number by the whole glee club. I wish the same treatment would have been given to “Copacabana,” or better yet, see the story told in the song acted out. But both are good numbers as they are. And Blaine’s “Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)” also works.
While the boys work out their friendship, the girls rediscover the Spice Girls. I don’t know that today’s high schools are really familiar with the British girl group from quite awhile ago, but those of us older viewers certainly appreciate a dusting off of “Wannabe.” Any chance we can get a full Spice Girls episode at some point?
The Spice Girls segment also allows Kitty (Becca Tobin) to prove she is a member of the group and can play nice. She’s been a bit of an outsider, but has been trying to fit in. Cooperating with Unique (Alex Newell), Marley (Melissa Benoist), Brittany (Heather Morris), and Tina allows her to walk the walk, and hopefully puts her in a better place in the ensemble going forward. Every series needs an antagonist, of course, but redemption is also a satisfying tale.
Lastly at McKinley, Jake (Jacob Artist) gets major flak from the girls when he wants to sing a Chris Brown song, given Chris’s treatment of women. His eventual choice of Bobby Brown’s “My Prerogative” gets a little bit better reception, perhaps because the memory of Bobby has started to fade, but Marley is still mad at him for doing it.
Jake argues that we need to separate art from the artist, which is a tough call to make, and one hotly debated in society. Can we appreciate a good song by a bad man? Some people have in the past, and will likely do so again, while others rail against such behavior. There isn’t an easy answer, as Jake learns, and I wish Glee would devote more time to the question. But at least they’ve raised it here.
In New York, Santana (Naya Rivera), Kurt (Chris Colfer), and Rachel (Lea Michele) bond as roommates after the truth about Brody (Dean Geyer) comes out. I do wonder when and how Santana moves back in, after she storms out in the previous episode. However, Santana is feisty and has a temper and it’s not surprising she’s back, even if the show skips showing us the resolution.
I really dig the chemistry between these three. Santana can be herself a lot easier in a small group, and gets to show her softer side more often. The three of them bond with arm pillows and movies, and I can’t wait to see what happens with them next. It’s kind of like the zany sitcom spin-off someone would suggest when viewing an earlier season, fully realized and integrated into the series.
It’s a shame that their “Mama Mia” is shared with the high school group as the episode’s closing number. Since it’s the only piece the New Yorkers get in “Guilty Pleasures,” it would have been great for them to really have a showcase, even if the end result is hard to complain about.
It’s also too bad that Rachel lets Brody off the hook, to an extent. She says they’re done, but she’s nicer to him than she should be, and I feel like this leaves the door open for a return of their pairing, albeit in secret from Rachel’s roommates, down the road. If she wants to be on the right path, she should ditch him altogether, but I guess everyone makes mistakes.
Speaking of mistakes, the Rachel / Brody duet of “Creep” is the one musical misstep in “Guilty Pleasures.” It’s certainly a different tone than the other songs, and I found it somewhat boring and out of sync with the rest of the hour.
Glee is going into re-run mode for the next two weeks, but will return Thursdays at 9 p.m. ET on FOX to finish out their fourth season. | https://blogcritics.org/tv-review-glee-guilty-pleasures/ |
How We Know We’re Alive is a point-and-click mystery set in Härunga, a small industrial town in the bible belt of Sweden. Players take on the role of Sara, an aspiring writer returning home after 10 years in order to investigate the unexpected death of her estranged best friend Maria.
Developer: Motvind Studios
Released: 01st May 2021
Price: Name your own price
Platforms: Windows, Mac, Linux
Available on: itch.io
Engine: Unity
Gameplay
How We Know We’re Alive consists of fairly standard point-and-click gameplay using WASD/arrow keys and a mouse. There is no inventory but players can move between locations interacting with objects to trigger a comment, memory or explanation as well as interacting with people to initiate conversation. The main aim of which is to glean details about the night Maria died, decide who is telling the truth and what information is important in order to understand what happened.
Narrative
The protagonist Sarah has been working in Stockholm for the last decade, following her dream of being a writer after a pregnancy meant her best friend Maria could not go with her. She returns to her home town a year after Maria’s tragic death in a car accident and soon gets the impression that there is something suspicious going on. Set in a small religious town in Sweden, How We Know We’re Alive features an eclectic bunch of characters including the long-serving teacher, the incompetent police officer and a bigoted shop assistant all of which have different opinions on the event and on Sara herself.
This short story has themes of love and loss, of growing up and growing apart and takes a look at human nature. It is a well-written narrative, telling a poignant and thoughtful tale with lots of emotion, diverse characters and even a bit of a twist.
Styling
How We Know We’re Alive’s visuals are made up of charming pixel art in a warm autumn colour palette and atmospheric lighting. Each scene is also intricately animated which really helps to bring the story to life and aid immersion. Equally, the sound effects, especially ambient noises such as the rain, really work to connect the player to the game world. This is also true for the beautifully emotive soundtrack by Ivan Starenius, which ranges from serene and melancholy tunes with a slight mystical sound to eerier and more dramatic pieces and reflects the tone of the game well.
Summary
Overall, How We Know We’re Alive is a fun and thought-provoking experience, taking the player on a mystery-solving adventure whilst also delivering a moving and emotive narrative and some stunning artwork. It will only take about an hour to play and is available for free and these low-risk aspects just make it even easier to recommend!
For other games set in Sweden why not try:
Year Walk – Generation Zero
Or check out this interview with Swedish game developer Acke Hallgren: | https://indie-hive.com/how-we-know-were-alive/ |
Why Do We Need Quantum Computing?
(I-HLS) iHLS (Israel’s Homeland Security) published this overview article for professionals wanting to know “Why do we need quantum computing?” A basic discussion of how quantum computers operate is also provided. The Why list is summarized:
–Quantum computing’s potential for faster speeds of data analysis can lead to stronger security and encryption. Also considering the amount of computing power used today, it is possible that in a few decades, we will run out of it. Quantum computing could solve this potential risk.
–Quantum computers could reduce the most difficult optimization problems to a number of operations. Despite the Big Data revolution of the 21st century, which allows for an unprecedented amount of data storage, data collection rate is running too fast for what we can now process and analyze.
–Quantum technology also has a strong impact on the current global arms race, especially between the US and China. Both are investing billions of dollars in quantum research in a race that can tilt the scales of global military dominance. | https://www.insidequantumtechnology.com/news-archive/need-quantum-computing/ |
Jamie and Adam explore the story that an ultra-low frequency note will make a person lose bowel control. They also test to see if the force of a bullet is enough to knock a person backwards like in the movies. Finally, Kari, Tory, and Grant investigate if Chinese water torture is effective. Scientific topics addressed include Newton’s Third Law of Motion, equal and opposite reactions, mass and inertia, speed and mass, impact force, energy dissipation, low frequency sound waves, infrasound, hertz, frequencies, biological responses, mental confusion, decibels, psychological stresses, and human ethics.
Mythbusters Mythssion Control Worksheet Season 7
Mythbusters Mythssion Control Worksheet Season 7
Adam and Jamie apply Newton’s Third Law to see if two objects heading towards each other at 50 mph have the same kinetic energy as one car travelling into a wall at 100 mph. The rest of the team explores the numerous variables involved when attempting to knock someone out of their socks. Scientific concepts include Newton’s Third Law, kinetic energy, mass, velocity, impact force, momentum, relative motion, acceleration, g-loads, transverse momentum, impact energy distribution, elastic and inelastic collisions, friction, and inertia. | https://www.conceptualsciencelessons.com/product-tag/impact-force/ |
The utility model discloses a heating coating material constant value temperature storage device which comprises a storage tank body, a storage anti-blocking device, a phase change type heat preservation assembly and a constant temperature heating assembly, the storage tank body is arranged in a double-layer hollow cavity, the phase change type heat preservation assembly is arranged between the double-layer hollow inner wall and the double-layer hollow outer wall of the storage tank body, and the phase change type heat preservation assembly is arranged between the double-layer hollow inner wall and the double-layer hollow outer wall of the storage tank body. The storage anti-caking device comprises a stirring motor, a rotating shaft and stirring blades, the constant-temperature heating assembly comprises a controller, a temperature sensor, a heating resistance wire and an operation panel, and the phase change type heat preservation assembly is made of a phase change energy storage material. The utility model belongs to the technical field of coating storage, and particularly provides an assembly which is automatically controlled according to the phase change principle, maintains the stability of constant-temperature storage of coating from multiple aspects, solves the problem that the temperature of the existing coating storage equipment cannot be controlled, and improves the storage efficiency. The heating coating material constant value temperature storage device drives the coating to move through stirring and in the vertical direction, so that the coating caking condition is avoided. | |
Network Partners’ design & development services support packaging activities for new product launches and sustaining legacy product lines. Our designs meet testing standards and demonstrate compliance to ISO 11607 Part 1 and Part 2.
Creating a safe and effective sterile barrier system requires a deep understanding of packaging materials. Developing appropriate levels of packaging provides the necessary product protection to survive challenging distribution environments.
Broad technical and regulatory expertise enables a robust technical review and, if necessary, remediation efforts to comply with the EU MDR.
Broad technical and regulatory expertise enables the generation of robust protocols and procedures to support packaging manufacturing operations.
Develop SOPs, specification templates, guides, work instructions, best practice documents, and training curriculum for GMP SOPs.
Meeting global regulations for design, performance and test methods requires expertise in developing strong defensible testing strategies.
Drawing from our deep knowledge of Global Regulations, Guidance and Standards allows efficient and effective development and execution of testing plans. | https://www.networkpartners.com/medical-device-packaging-engineering/ |
Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view objects and areas of objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye). There are three well-known branches of microscopy: optical, electron, and scanning probe microscopy.
Optical microscopy and electron microscopy involve the diffraction, reflection, or refraction of electromagnetic radiation/electron beams interacting with the specimen, and the collection of the scattered radiation or another signal in order to create an image. This process may be carried out by wide-field irradiation of the sample (for example standard light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) or by scanning a fine beam over the sample (for example confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). Scanning probe microscopy involves the interaction of a scanning probe with the surface of the object of interest. The development of microscopy revolutionized biology, gave rise to the field of histology and so remains an essential technique in the life and physical sciences. — Wikipedia
Microscopy Category (Wikipedia)
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Category: Microscopes in the Golub Collection of Antique Microscopes (Wikipedia)
Antique Microscopes.com
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Phys.org - latest science and technology news stories Phys.org internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Physics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine.
- Bacteria navigate on surfaces using a 'sense of...on July 23, 2021 at 1:59 pm
Many disease-causing bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa crawl on surfaces through a walk-like motility known as "twitching." Nanometers-wide filaments called type IV pili are known to power twitching, but scientists ignore which sensory signals coordinate the microbes' movements.
- Beetroot dye helps biologists 'track and trace'...on July 23, 2021 at 12:12 pm
Almost all crop plants form associations with a particular type of fungi—called arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi—in the soil, which greatly expand their root surface area. This mutually beneficial interaction boosts the plant's ability to take up nutrients that are vital for growth.
- Untwisting DNA reveals new force that shapes...on July 22, 2021 at 3:00 pm
Advances in microscopy have enabled researchers to picture loops of DNA strands for the first time. The images reveal how the human genome organizes itself in three-dimensional space at much higher resolution than previously possible.
- New framework applies machine learning to...on July 22, 2021 at 7:06 am
Northwestern University researchers have developed a new framework using machine learning that improves the accuracy of interatomic potentials—the guiding rules describing how atoms interact—in new materials design. The findings could lead to more accurate predictions of how new materials transfer heat, deform, and fail at the atomic scale. | https://cosma.org/microscope/ |
The your care, your way review of community health and care services was led by the CCG and the Council to ensure that everyone living in B&NES has access to the best possible health and care services in their community.
General practice will play a pivotal role in delivering this ambition. However, service and delivery models need to change to respond to the current and future needs of our local population.
We want to build a seamless, integrated service for people in B&NES that is linked to local assets in the community and maximises the benefits of non-medical interventions like social prescribing and other services provided by the voluntary sector.
As the prime provider of community health and care services, Virgin Care will take into account all of a person’s strengths and needs and those of their wider support network and community. People’s care and support needs will be met by a range of people and resources, starting with their community.
Community services will be organised around locality hubs aligned with groups of GP practices. Multidisciplinary teams will talk to each other on a daily basis to agree coordinated plans for people with complex or increasing needs.
A care coordination centre will be open seven days a week from 8am until 10pm to provide a single point of contact for those in need of support, their families and the professionals involved in their care.
Care navigators from a range of voluntary and community sector organisations will raise awareness of the wide range of support and activities available in the local area and help people to access them. | https://www.bathandnortheastsomersetccg.nhs.uk/ufaqs/new-ways-working-coming-gp-forward-view-link-new-community-health-care-services-contract-comes-place-1-april-2017 |
Spotlights VS Floodlights: What’s The Difference?
We created this resource to answer some frequently asked questions from customers about Spotlights VS Floodlights
What’s the difference between a spotlight and a floodlight?
What kind of beam spread do I need for my lighting project?
How can I know how wide my light bulb’s beam will be from a certain distance away?
First, Let’s Cover The Basics:
A spotlight casts a narrow beam of light, usually no wider than 45 degrees. This beam is more concentrated and easier to point and control.
A floodlight can have a beam spread of up to 120 degrees. It can illuminate a larger amount of space with the same wattage and lumen output as a spotlight.
Using Spotlights And Floodlights:
When highlighting specific points like display objects, wall artwork, architectural details, or landscape features, use a spotlight.
When illuminating larger areas like driveways, stages, warehouses, parking lots, or any other area that needs wide, even light coverage, go with a floodlight.
Determining Beam Width:
When planning your lighting scheme, knowing the width of a light’s beam in degrees isn’t always helpful. It would be much easier to know the beam width in feet, from a given distance away. Luckily, there’s a simple formula that can help you figure this out:
Angle of Beam x 0.018 x Distance from Light Bulb = Beam Width
So, if you have an 80 degree floodlight, and want to know how wide the beam will be from 10 feet away, just do the math:
80 degrees x 0.018 x 10 feet = 14.4 feet wide
If you have a 30 degree spotlight, and want to know how wide the beam will be from 15 feet away, here’s how you calculate it: | https://uyled.com/spotlights-vs-floodlights/ |
Incoming college freshmen studied more and partied less during their senior year in high school, an annual survey found. They also felt more depressed.
(Kent State University)
CLEVELAND, Ohio - Students who entered college in 2014 felt depressed, studied more and partied less during their senior year of high school, according to an annual survey.
The American Freshmen Survey of 153,015 first-time, full-time students at 227 universities found that 9.5 percent of the incoming freshmen "frequently" felt depressed in the past year compared to the 6.1 percent who felt that way in 2009, the year of the smallest percentage.
The annual survey, conducted for almost 50 years by the Cooperative Institutional Research Program at the University of California, Los Angeles' Higher Education Research Institute, assesses hundreds of matters and trends of recent high school seniors. It is conducted during registration and orientation.
In the latest survey, 41.3 percent reported they did not attend parties at all, 61.4 percent said they spent less than hour a week at parties and 8.6 percent said they partied six hours or more per week.
In 1987, 24.3 percent said they spent less than an hour at parties and 34.5 percent said they spent six or more hours per week at parties.
And students surveyed in 2014 reported studying more than previous incoming classes.
In the survey, 70 percent said they spent more than three hours studying per week, with 21.7 percent reporting that they studied more than 11 hours per week. That was an increase of about five percent for responses to both questions in 2010.
"We are seeing more students studying instead of socializing," Kevin Eagan, director of the research program that published the report, told Inside Higher Ed. "That's signaling that students are taking their senior year [of high school] more seriously. But we're also seeing an increased proportion of students telling us that they are frequently depressed and about one-third saying they are overwhelmed by all they have to do. Students need to find a better balance with respect to academics and social life."
The survey found the lowest self-reported rates of alcohol and cigarette use among incoming freshmen in approximately 30 years, which researchers said reflected social, health policy and legal trends of the past few decades. States have raised the minimum age to consume alcohol and tobacco.
While 74.2 percent of students in 1981 indicated they frequently or occasionally drank beer, the figure was 33.5 percent in 2014.
The percentage of students who said they consumed wine or liquor during their senior year of high school dropped to 38.7 in 2014; in 1987 it was 67.8 percent.
In 2014, just 1.7 percent of students reported smoking cigarettes frequently; in 1981, 9.2 percent did.
Students are arriving on campus with much less experience drinking alcohol, but drinking is still popular among college students, Inside Higher Ed reported.
Other findings from the survey:
- About 30 percent of students at less selective public colleges said there is a good chance they will transfer to another college, compared to about 11.8 percent of students at more selective schools.
- About 42 percent of students at less selective colleges think there is a good chance they will need more than four years to complete their degree, compared to 35.6 at moderately selective and 29.5 percent at the most selective public institutions.
- More than half of the students said they watched less than two hours of television a week but more than 25 percent said they spent more than six hours a week on social media.
- More than one-quarter of incoming freshmen said they do not have a religious affiliation. Nearly 15 percent of incoming freshmen at Roman Catholic colleges also reported not identifying with any religion, and 17 percent of students at other religious colleges said the same. | https://www.cleveland.com/metro/2015/02/todays_college_freshmen_feel_m.html |
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During the early twentieth century, Kiowa people expertly deployed material culture as symbols of themselves as a people. Beadwork specifically illustrated the significance of kinship and is use and exchange among people, which constructed family relationships and a sense of belongingness. Beadwork and other expressive forms were highlighted in the American Indian Exposition, a fair, and an event, which provided a venue of public display that encouraged intertribal competition. The chapter also examines the representation of young women as American Indian Exposition princesses.
Keywords: gender and women, peoplehood, nationhood, beadwork, American Indian Exposition, powwows, princesses
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Acclaimed screenwriter Stephen Gaghan created a story for Call of Duty: Ghosts that breaks from the typical “America’s the best” bravado and instead takes players to a vulnerable America that is fighting to protect its sovereignty.
You may feel like you’ve played this game before (besides the fact that every Call of Duty game is the same), and that’s because Gaghan has ripped off Homefront, the 2011 first-person shooter written by John Milius and inspired by his classic film Red Dawn.
This makes me wonder what the point is of working with an accomplished screenwriter if he’s just going to copy from the plot of another video game. Here are five examples of how Call of Duty: Ghosts is nothing but a piss-poor remake of Homefront.
The Middle Eastern war
Both Homefront and Call of Duty: Ghosts are set in a world where a war in the Middle East has crippled the world’s oil supply, which ushers in an age of global instability.
In Homefront, the conflict is known as the Oil War, and it was fought between Iran and Saudi Arabia. Both nations are competing for influence in the region after the U.S. withdraws its military. The U.S. military also participated in the conflict, but its actions were very limited. The end result is that the Middle East is no longer a reliable source of energy, which brings about a global economic crisis.
In Call of Duty: Ghosts, the conflict is known as the Tel Aviv War, and it’s fought between Israel and other Middle Eastern nations. The conflict began with an attempted invasion of Tel Aviv that grew into a major war that destabilized the region. Part of the conflict involved 60 Tier One operatives deployed to protect a civilian hospital from 500 enemy soldiers on the Iranian Border (Operation Sand Viper), in which the legend of the Ghosts is born. The end result of the war is that the Middle East is no longer a reliable source of energy, which brings about a global economic crisis — just like in Homefront.
An unrealistic superstate emerges
The aftermath of the Middle Eastern conflict allows an unrealistic superstate to emerge as a world power that challenges the United States. A superstate is a larger nation that has united its territory under a federalist political structure.
Homefront is set in a future in which the Korean peninsula is unified to establish the Greater Korean Republic under the rule of Kim Jong-un. With a powerful economy and military, the GKR begins to expand its borders by conquering or annexing other countries in the region. Meanwhile, in Call of Duty: Ghosts, South America becomes the world’s dominating producer of energy, which leads to the unification of the region’s nations to establish the Federation of the Americas.
Now this is unrealistic because, given the global political climate and history, it’s not possible for these superstates to be established. North Korea would not have the will power to create such a superstate or maintain it due to its dirt-poor economy and poorly equipped military. Yes, America is too weak to act, but the People’s Republic of China or Russia isn’t going to sit back and let Pyongyang fill the void. Also, South Korea with its political stability and strong economy has a more realistic chance of establishing a united Korea.
Meanwhile, the chances of South America merging to establish a superstate is unlikely because one used to exist. It was called the Spanish Empire. After the South and Central American nations achieved independence, there were many attempts to form a unified republic, which failed. In the modern era, because of the political differences and rivalries between the regional powers, it’s unlikely for the continent to unify and establish a superstate.
America is crippled by an orbital superweapon
After gaining enough influence on the world stage, the superstates aim their ambitions at the United States. Despite all that has happened, America is still a formidable opponent and will not be easy to conquer. Hence, these hostile powers use an orbital superweapon to cripple the U.S. before launching a full-scale invasion.
The Greater Korean Republic (in Homefront) uses an orbital EMP (disguised as a communication satellite) that cripples the western United States. The Federation (in Call of Duty: Ghosts) deploys commandos to hijack ODIN, an orbital-stationed weapon, and uses it to attack major cities in the U.S. The attacks cripple the federal government while bringing about the economical and social collapse of the nation, which results in America no longer being a world power.
That follows with an invasion and occupation
A full-scale invasion is launched after the superweapons have made America vulnerable. The invading forces quickly overwhelm the U.S. military (forcing them into disarray) while parts of America are under enemy occupation. In no time, the occupying army begins to round up civilians to either execute or send to a “re-education” camp.
Players have to infiltrate a re-education camp in Homefront, where they witness horrendous atrocities against civilians and uncover mass graves. In Call of Duty: Ghosts, players witness civilian executions by Federation soldiers and hear horror stories of people being rounded up.
The last battle is a turning point
Both games conclude with a battle that turns the tide of the war in America’s favor. After years of holding the lines, the United States military pools all its resources to launch one massive strike against the enemy.
In Homefront, the American Resistance, along with the United States Armed Forces, unleash a massive military operation on the Korean People’s Army in San Fransisco. The objective is to cripple the GKR command in occupied America and to liberate the Bay Area. The main force takes the Golden Gate Bridge before moving into the city while a SEAL team raids Alcatraz Island. The battle becomes a turning point as San Fransisco is liberated while the European Union begin talks about sending aid to America.
In Call of Duty: Ghosts, a joint Marine and Ghost force-attack a Federation Satellite Array in Chile while the USAF deploys a squad to hijack LOKI, an orbital-stationed weapon based on ODIN, and use it against the Federation (a little payback). The battle becomes a turning point as the Federation’s fleet and several major cities have been decimated by the LOKI attack. | https://venturebeat.com/community/2013/11/26/how-call-of-duty-ghosts-is-a-rip-off-of-homefront/ |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10261/189835
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|Title:|
Evaluating European LIFE conservation projects: Improvements in survival of an endangered vulture
|Authors:||Badia-Boher, Jaume Adrià; Sanz-Aguilar, Ana ; Riva, Manuel de la; Gangoso, Laura ; Overveld, Thijs van; García-Alfonso, Marina; Luzardo, Octavio P.; Suárez-Pérez, Alejandro; Donázar, José A.|
|Issue Date:||2019|
|Publisher:||Blackwell Publishing|
|Citation:||Journal of Applied Ecology 56: 1210- 1219 (2019)|
|Abstract:||Long-lived avian scavengers are threatened worldwide and thus, are common targets of conservation plans. However, scientific evidence of both the factors limiting populations and effectiveness of management actions are greatly needed in order to develop more efficient and successful conservation strategies. We assessed the effectiveness of conservation actions applied within a LIFE-Nature project aimed at improving the long-term survival of the critically endangered Canarian Egyptian vulture: including education campaigns for public awareness and control of illegal poisoning and the modification of power lines to reduce the risk of accidents. We formulated a multievent capture–mark–recapture model to obtain estimates of survival for juvenile, subadult and adult birds accounting for probabilities of resight, recovery and losses of metal and colour rings. Models supported a substantial enhancement in survival for subadult and adult birds and a moderate improvement for juveniles after the implementation of LIFE actions. Ring loss probabilities became notably high in the middle to long term. Poisoning events became very rare after LIFE was implemented, suggesting a positive effect of environmental education and awareness campaigns. Entanglements and collisions in power lines were also efficiently mitigated. Instead, electrocutions became the most identified cause of death in the post-LIFE stage. Synthesis and applications. Our results highlight the improvement of survival in a threatened island vulture population after the implementation of a European LIFE conservation project. On small islands, with small human populations and few stakeholders, education and awareness campaigns can be especially effective for biodiversity conservation. We also demonstrate the need to complement conservation programmes with long-term monitoring, which is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of actions, especially for long-lived species.|
|URI:||http://hdl.handle.net/10261/189835|
|Identifiers:||doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.13350|
issn: 1365-2664
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As the crisp fall air replaces the summer ease, I’ve been switching up what I’ve been putting on my plate. Apples have replaced summer berries, basil & corn have taken a seat to sweet potatoes, pumpkins, and squash – and oatmeal has reappeared into my regular routine. Oh and cinnamon is generously sprinkled on many, many things – with gusto.
I feel more aligned and at ease when I eat what the season has to offer, it creates this subtle shift. When I eat seasonally I can smoothly transition into the new space and pace of nature, rather than wanting and wishing what was (although that happens occasionally). My body expects and welcomes the new seasonal food. It’s grounding, warming, and comforting. I find myself craving these fall findings – and unable to have enough apples.
I have been LOVING oats & apples in all it’s many forms. In bowls or mason jars – depending on the amount of time I have to get out the door. Here is a simple recipe you can incorporate into your weeks to make a great breakfast or even mid-morning or afternoon snack:
Steel Cut Oats with Toasted Apples & Pecans:
* Make a batch of steel cut oats (boil 4 cups of water then add 1 cup of oats and cook uncovered on low for 30 minutes OR add 1 cup of oats to 4 cups of water – stir and let sit for a minute, then cover and put in fridge overnight!) * this will give you about 3-4 servings for the week.
* Toast toppings: Add a little butter or coconut oil to a warm pan and add cut up apples & pecans (feel free to add dried cranberries, cherries, or raisins here), stir, add cinnamon + perhaps a touch of maple syrup.
Prepare in bowl and sit and enjoy, or add to mason jar and plop in bag – I layered my to go oats by filling the jar halfway with oats + topping with cinnamon, maple syrup, and toasted treats – then repeat.
Of course this is only the beginning. Top and taste according to what your boy wishes.
Then of course there was and will always be COOKIES. As much as I am a cookie monster, I try and seek out healthy recipes with unprocessed sugar, good quality flour, and relatively little ingredients. Here is what I found: click link or picture for recipe from Real Food Real Deals, they were really quite tasty.
Pumpkin Chocolate Chip Cookies
Doesn’t it all just look like fall? Browns and oranges gently resting on the ground. What are your favorite fall treats? Would LOVE to hear. | https://leahannefox.com/oats-apples-cookies/ |
As part of its capacity-building activities, IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) held a Fellowship Program for regulators, policy makers, and national standards bodies from emerging economies during the IEEE 802 Local Area Networks/Metropolitan Area Networks Standards Committee (IEEE 802) plenary standards development meeting, held 10-15 March 2019 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Participation in this program provided insight into the IEEE-SA open standards process, the technology related to IEEE 802, and the opportunity to network with individuals and organizations from around the world.
Participants in this year’s program were Al-Ansari Mohammad Almashakbeh, Vice-Chairman-Secretary General, Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (TRC), Jordan; Afşin Büyükbaş, Head, Spectrum Management Department, Information and Communication Technologies Regulatory Authority of Turkey (ICTA); Ramy Ahmed Fathy, Director, Digital Services Planning and Risk Assessment, National Telecom Regulatory Authority (NTRA), Egypt; and Erick Alphonce Massawe, Standards Officer, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS).
“The IEEE-SA Fellowship program at the IEEE 802 plenary provided program participants the opportunity to actively engage with the standards developing expert technologists from around the world while here in Vancouver,” said Jodi Haasz, manager, Operational Program Management. “It also provided an opportunity to share views and exchange information on a variety of technical topics to the benefit of both the program participants and the IEEE 802 community.”
The Fellowship Program participants attended a variety of IEEE 802 working group meetings as well as presentations on specific technical topics of interest. Participants were also encouraged to interact with expert technologists on applied technical topics and to contribute to working group discussions.
“The program provides a platform for policy makers and the industry to discuss matters of mutual interest. The opportunity to exchange views and discuss challenges facing the industry, is indeed important for achieving a healthy ecosystem,” said Fathy. “IEEE 802 is an important body in the technology standardization landscape, and witnessing the IEEE 802 standards development process up close provides a marvelous opportunity to know the latest trends in technology, and express any regulatory and/or market requirements early on.”
“The 2019 IEEE-SA Fellowship Program was an incredible, transformative experience that changed my career trajectory,” said Massawe. “Prior to the Fellowship, I had little understanding of the IEEE standards development process and how new technologies are standardized. After the Fellowship Program, I felt equipped to create a path focused on leading my organization to get involved with IEEE-SA.”
“It was amazing to see how the volunteer engineers are coming together and putting forward the experience and knowledge in order to determine the standards in communications and shape the future,” said Büyükbaş.
“Attending this program provided me with the opportunity to learn about the IEEE standards development process, to interact with and learn from the experts developing IEEE 802 technologies, to meet many stakeholders and enabled me to appreciate the amount of work and dedication it takes to develop standards,” said Almashakbeh. “It was an interesting learning experience for me. In addition, I learned about upcoming technologies within the IEEE 802 scope, including TV White Space. This gave me insight on how to develop TV White Space regulations.”
For more information about the IEEE-SA Fellowship Program, please contact Justin Caso, Public Affairs senior manager.
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About author
Beyond Standards is dedicated to promoting technology standards and celebrating the contributions of the individuals and organizations across the globe who drive technology development. Beyond Standards is brought to you by the IEEE Standards Association, a leading consensus building organization within IEEE that nurtures, develops and advances global technologies. IEEE standards drive the functionality, capabilities and interoperability of a wide range of products and services that transform the way people live, work and communicate. With collaborative thought leaders in more than 160 countries, we promote innovation, enable the creation and expansion of international markets and help protect health and public safety. | https://beyondstandards.ieee.org/general-news/regulators-policymakers-and-national-standards-bodies-participate-in-ieee-802-march-2019-plenary/ |
Questions tagged [telecommuting]
According to Wikipedia, Telecommuting, remote work, or telework is a work arrangement in which employees do not commute to a central place of work.
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can a team lead's work ever be done working remotely
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I'd like to know what experiences others have had telecommuting full time? What software tools and processes helped maintain cohesion and maximized collaboration & productivity?
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Are companies in certain locations (big city vs small town, etc) more likely to offer telecommute contract programming work?
I'm interested in taking on more contract projects for programming and, although it'd be nice to find clients just in my area, I want to expand my search a bit to other areas where a company may allow ...
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Which languages are more conducive to telecommuting, and also less concerned with pairing?
I don't know that it may even make a difference, and I reckon if it did the differences would be cultural rather than technical, but if one were going to set out today (2011) to learn a language, and ... | https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/telecommuting?sort=votes |
"The Road Not Taken" is a narrative poem consisting of four stanzas of 5 lines each in iambic tetrameter (though it is hypermetric by one beat – there are nine syllables per line instead of the strict eight required for tetrameter) and is one of Frost's most popular works. Besides being among the best ...
www.shmoop.com/road-not-taken/symbolism-imagery.html
Roads. This poem is about actual and figurative roads: the roads we walk and drive on, and the roads we take through life. As the speaker of this poem discusses, for every road we take, there's a road we.
study.com/academy/lesson/the-road-not-taken-symbolism-analysis.html
'Two roads diverged in a wood,' and one of them will bring you to this lesson. Here, we'll explore the symbolism in 'The Road Not Taken.' Let's analyze one of Robert Frost's most notable works, then test your understanding through a short quiz.
www.brighthubeducation.com/homework-help-literature/124076-symbolic-overtones-in-the-road-not-taken
Dec 9, 2013 ... In "The Road Not Taken" Frost is caught between individualism and social obligation, personal aspiration and rationalization. This analysis of the symbolism in "The Road Not Taken" demonstrates this.
www.sparknotes.com/poetry/frost/section7.rhtml
A summary of “The Road Not Taken” in Robert Frost's Frost's Early Poems. Learn exactly what happened in this ... Identical forks, in particular, symbolize for us the nexus of free will and fate: We are free to choose, but we do not really know beforehand what we are choosing between. Our route is, thus, determined by an ...
www.bartleby.com/essay/Symbolism-Imagery-and-Theme-of-The-Road-PKJPLBYZTJ
Symbolism, Imagery, and Theme of The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost How can an author effectively convey a universal message to the broadest audience possible? Simple. The author must simply create a completely impartial narrator, devoid of sex, status, or age. The Road Not Taken is a poem told by an impartial ...
www.enotes.com/topics/road-not-taken/in-depth
Dive deep into Robert Frost's The Road Not Taken with extended analysis, commentary, and discussion.
www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-road-symbolize-poem-road-not-taken-694241
The road in Frost's "The Road Not Taken" symbolizes the path of life. At so many different points in our lives, we must make choices. The choices may seem to be small ones, to go down one street as opposed to another or to wear a yellow shirt as opposed to a blue one. But the choices can be large ones, which are more ...
www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-does-poem-road-not-taken-symbolize-robert-355114
"The Road Not Taken" is often misunderstood as meaning that the speaker believes he took the "road less travelled by." Some have interpreted this to mean an allegory: taking the less travelled road leads to a different and perhaps more rewarding experience. I do favor the reader response theory which states that the ... | https://www.ask.com/web?q=Symbolism+in+the+Road+not+Taken&qo=relatedSearchExpand&o=2603&l=dir |
I'm trying to determine what level of encryption salesforce supports for DKIM keys? In sum, when Salesforce generates a DKIM key, is it using 1024 bit encryption or 2048 bit encryption?
2 Answers
It is using 1024 bits as of today, February 6th 2019. Keys are rotated often though.
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3Please include a link to the source for your answer. See How to Answer Feb 6, 2019 at 17:01
The salesforce documentation does not explicitly describes the DKIM RSA key size, but the options are visible when creating a new key: it is either 1024-bit or 2048-bit (attached screenshot for reference)
Take note of following recommendation, which is also mentioned in salesforce documentation in above link and setup page when creating a new key:
Consider industry-specific security regulations or email recipient limitations when chosing a RSA key size. Some regulations, such as the Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS), require specific key sizes. | https://salesforce.stackexchange.com/questions/172962/encryption-size-for-dkim-keys |
Many forms observed in nature can be related to geometry (for sound reasons of resource optimization). For example, the chambered nautilus grows at a constant rate and so its shell forms a logarithmic spiral to accommodate that growth without changing shape. Also, honeybees construct hexagonal cells to hold their honey. These and other correspondences are seen by believers in sacred geometry to be further proof of the cosmic significance of geometric forms. But scientists generally see such phenomena as the logical outcome of natural principles.
Cutaway of a Chambered Nautilus
North polar hexagonal cloud feature in saturn
Signs of GOD
- is E (mathematical constant), the base of the natural logarithm,
- is the imaginary unit, which satisfies i2 = −1, and
- is pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
Sacred geometry
Sacred geometry may be understood as a worldview of pattern recognition and a complex system of religious symbols and structures involving space, time and form. According to this belief, the basic patterns of existence are perceived as sacred. By connecting with these, a person contemplates the Mysterium Magnum, and the Great Design. By studying the nature of these patterns, forms and relationships and their connections, insight may be gained into the mysteries – the laws and lore of the Universe.
The golden ratio, geometric ratios, and geometric figures were often employed in the design of Egyptian, ancient Indian, Greek and Roman architecture. Medieval European cathedrals also incorporated symbolic geometry. Indian and Himalayan spiritual communities often constructed temples and fortifications on design plans of mandala and yantra. For examples of sacred geometry in art and architecture refer:
- Labyrinth (an Eulerian path, as distinct from a maze)
- Mandala
- Parthenon
- Tree of Life
- Celtic art such as the Book of Kells
Theories
- Mathematical universe hypothesis - Max Tegmark
Digital_physics
An Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything
An Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything is a theory proposing a basis for a unified field theory or possible theory of everything, using some ideas from loop quantum gravity .
Consider a wavy, two-dimensional surface, with many different spheres glued to the surface—one sphere at each surface point, and each sphere attached by one point. This geometric construction is a fiber bundle, with the spheres as the "fibers," and the wavy surface as the "base." A sphere can be rotated in three different ways: around the x-axis, the y-axis, or around the z-axis. Each of these rotations corresponds to a symmetry of the sphere. The fiber bundle connection is a field describing how spheres at nearby surface points are related, in terms of these three different rotations. The geometry of the fiber bundle is described by the curvature of this connection. In the corresponding quantum field theory, there is a particle associated with each of these three symmetries, and these particles can interact according to the geometry of a sphere.
In Lisi's model, the base is a four-dimensional surface—our spacetime—and the fiber is the E8 Lie group, a complicated 248 dimensional shape, which some mathematicians consider to be the most beautiful shape in mathematics. In this theory, each of the 248 symmetries of E8 corresponds to a different elementary particle, which can interact according to the geometry of E8. As Lisi describes it: "The principal bundle connection and its curvature describe how the E8 manifold twists and turns over spacetime, reproducing all known fields and dynamics through pure geometry."
The complicated geometry of the E8 Lie group is described graphically using group representation theory. Using this mathematical description, each symmetry of a group—and so each kind of elementary particle—can be associated with a point in a diagram. The coordinates of these points are the quantum numbers—the charges—of elementary particles, which are conserved in interactions. Such a diagram sits in a flat, Euclidean space of some dimension, forming a polytope, such as the 421 polytope in eight-dimensional space.
In order to form a theory of everything, Lisi's model must eventually predict the exact number of fundamental particles, all of their properties, masses, forces between them, the nature of spacetime, and the cosmological constant. Much of this work is still in the conceptual stage—in particular, quantization and predictions of particle masses have not been done. And Lisi himself acknowledges it as a work-in-progress: "The theory is very young, and still in development."
Multiverse
- AND MATH RULING
String_theory
- WITH MATH RULING
ONTOLOGY AND MATHEMATICS
Philosophy Of Mathematics
(ABOUT NATURE AND REALITY)
Informações Adicionais
Quotations
- http://cauchy.math.okstate.edu/~wli/teach/fmq.html
- http://members.cox.net/mathmistakes/quotes.htm
- http://www.quotegarden.com/math.html
- http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Transwiki:Mathematics_and_God
Books about the subject
- Does God Play Dice : The Mathematics of Chaos
- Mathematics: Is God Silent?
- The Loom of God: Tapestries of Mathematics and Mysticism
- Equations from God: Pure Mathematics and Victorian Faith
- A New Kind of Science (Hardcover)
- God in Mathematics the Novel
- The Nature of Consciousness : The Structure of Reality: Theory of Everything Equation Revealed : *Scientific Verification and Proof of Logic God Is
- God Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs that Changed History
- Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid
- Is god a mathematician?
- God's Equation: Einstein, Relativity, and the Expanding Universe
- The Paradox of God and the Science of Omniscience
- Life, the Universe and Everything: Investigating God and the New Physics
- Mathematics: God's Light in Mathematics
- Myth of Invariance: The Origins of the Gods, Mathematics and Music from the Rg Veda to Plato
- Mathematical Undecidability, Quantum Nonlocality and the Question of the Existence of God
- Inside The Mind Of God: Images and Words of Innter Space
- ↑ "Mathematicians Map E8". AIM. http://www.aimath.org/E8/. Retrieved 2007-12-30.
- ↑ Invalid
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- ↑ Roger Highfield (2007-11-14). "Surfer dude stuns physicists with theory of everything". The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=/earth/2007/11/14/scisurf114.xml. Retrieved 2008-06-15. | https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/User:Mateuszica~enwikibooks/God_and_Mathematics |
By Molly Hammond, USstoragesearch.com
Whether you need a self storage unit for additional space during a move, as a place to store a car, or simply to keep basement clutter at bay, the process is easy: know what items you need to store, determine how big a unit you’ll need to rent, and transport those items into a unit. However, if you neglect to consider the best way to organize your items before pulling down that door and saying “sayonara,” you may regret it.
Look to the Future
Moving of any kind can be an arduous process, and it’s tempting to stack boxes and furniture wherever they’ll fit with no eye toward the days, weeks, or months down the road that you’ll actually be pulling some of these items out again. If you pack your storage unit with no thought to what’s stored where, you can find yourself in quite the dilemma when it comes time for you to find a certain set of boxes, or worse, a specific item.
To combat this future confusion, organize your unit by putting the things you’ll need the soonest at the front of the unit and the things you won’t need for some time closer to the back. This can be particularly helpful if you’re storing seasonal items alongside things you’ll use more frequently.
As Clear As Can Be
Cardboard boxes are a fine way to store things for a short time, but they won’t do you any favors in the organization department—no matter how clearly you attempt to label things. Self storage professionals will suggest clear plastic bins for most items in a unit. Not only are these safer for storing your belongings (since cardboard isn’t as easy to stack and more prone to damage from water or pests), but they make it a breeze to find things.
If you pack well, grouping similar items together and putting those bins near one another in your unit, you won’t have to dig through boxes at the facility and accidentally grab the wrong item(s) from your unit.
Keep Things in Line
It won’t matter how you arrange the things in your unit if what you ultimately create is an impenetrable wall of bins and boxes. One of the best ways to keep a unit organized in a way that will actually be helpful to you is to instill some order by creating and maintaining walkways.
A simple way to keep walkways clear is to invest in portable shelving that will allow bins and other items to be stacked neatly without creating precarious piles. Keeping things off the floor will also protect the items from pests or moisture that might find their way into your storage unit and prevent you from getting hurt when attempting to pull a specific box out from the bottom of a stack. Shelves also keep things organized and off the floor, making your unit easy to organize and even easier to navigate.
When you organize your storage unit, you make much better use of the space (and the money you’re spending to rent that space). Placing belongings in an order that makes sense and inside containers that keep everything visible will help keep your storage unit from becoming just another headache. | https://blog.usstoragesearch.com/organize-storage-unit-best-utilize-space/ |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention pertains to a fluid coupling member including a valve member used to control the flow of a fluid, such as, without limitation, a flow of breathing gas in a patient interface device, and, in one or more particular embodiments, to an anti-asphyxia valve for use in a patient interface device structured to deliver a flow of breathing gas to a patient to treat a sleep disorder breathing condition such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
2. Description of the Related Art
There are numerous situations where it is necessary or desirable to deliver a flow of breathing gas non-invasively to the airway of a patient, i.e., without intubating the patient or surgically inserting a tracheal tube in their esophagus. For example, it is known to ventilate a patient using a technique known as non-invasive ventilation. It is also known to deliver positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy to treat certain medical disorders, the most notable of which is OSA. Known PAP therapies include continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), wherein a constant positive pressure is provided to the airway of the patient in order to splint open the patient's airway, and variable airway pressure, wherein the pressure provided to the airway of the patient is varied with the patient's respiratory cycle. Such therapies are typically provided to the patient at night while the patient is sleeping.
Non-invasive ventilation and pressure support therapies as just described involve the placement of a patient interface device including a mask component having a soft, flexible cushion on the face of a patient. The mask component may be, without limitation, a nasal mask that covers the patient's nose, a nasal cushion having nasal prongs that are received within the patient's nares, a nasal/oral mask that covers the patient's nose and mouth, or a full face mask that covers the patient's face. Such patient interface devices may also employ other patient contacting components, such as forehead supports, cheek pads and chin pads. The patient interface device is connected to a gas delivery tube or conduit and interfaces the ventilator or pressure support device with the airway of the patient, so that a flow of breathing gas can be delivered from the pressure/flow generating device to the airway of the patient. It is known to maintain such devices on the face of a wearer by a headgear having one or more straps adapted to fit over/around the patient's head.
Anti-asphyxia features (AAF) used in conjunction with OSA therapy are required as a safety device in all masks that cover the nose and mouth. During respiratory therapy, should pressure no longer become available due to a power outage or a pump failure in the ventilator or pressure support device, the patient will continue to be able to breathe with the use of an AAF.
One typical AAF device configuration employs a flap style valve typically positioned within the fluid coupling conduit (e.g. elbow connector) of the mask. Such a flap style valve is fundamentally a reed style check valve. As the pressure from the ventilator or pressure support device is applied, the flap style valve opens, allowing air flow to the patient. When no pressure comes from the ventilator or pressure support device, the flap seats on a shelf disposed in the fluid coupling conduit and allows exhalation and inhalation at atmospheric pressure through a hole to atmosphere. The flap also serves to prevent the patient from pulling air from the volume of air in the gas delivery tubes and the ventilator or pressure support device.
A current development trends within the design of masks for non-invasive ventilation and pressure support therapies is impacting the required functionally of supporting components, such as AAF devices, used therewith. This trend is the implementation of smaller gas delivery tubing (e.g., 15 mm inside diameter). These features require a balancing of the necessary effective flow area to limit the pressure drop across the AAF while maintaining a smaller package profile. Achieving such balancing has proven to be challenging in connection with AAFs having the prior art configuration described above. For example, the shelf on which the flap style valve rests in the prior art configuration described above blocks part of the airflow to the patient.
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