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Q: weighted average based on a variable window in pandas I would like to take a weighted average of "cycle" based on a "day" as window. The window is not always the same. How do I compute weighted average in pandas? In [3]: data = {'cycle':[34.1, 41, 49.0, 53.9, 35.8, 49.3, 38.6, 51.2, 44.8], 'day':[6,6,6,13,13,20,20,20,20]} In [4]: df = pd.DataFrame(data, index=np.arange(9), columns = ['cycle', 'day']) In [5]: df Out[5]: cycle day 0 34.1 6 1 41.0 6 2 49.0 6 3 53.9 13 4 35.8 13 5 49.3 20 6 38.6 20 7 51.2 20 8 44.8 20 I would expect three values (if I have done this correctly): 34.1 * 1/3 + 41 * 1/3 + 49 * 1/3 = 41.36 cycle day 41.36 6 6.90 13 45.90 20 A: If I'm understanding correctly, I think you just want: df.groupby(['day']).mean()
John Malloy, DO, is an orthopedic surgeon specializing in minimally invasive procedures used to treat musculoskeletal and spinal injuries or disorders. He has completed advanced training in sports medicine, arthroscopy, trauma and joint replacement as well as a fellowship in spinal reconstruction at Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Malloy graduated with honors from Philadelphia College of osteopathic medicine in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. He completed his orthopedic surgery residency at pinnacle health hospital system and Penn State Hershey medical center where he was named chief resident in the Department of orthopedic surgery. Dr. Malloy is a pioneer in his field. He has authored numerous publications in the orthopedic and spinal surgery literature. He has presented and continues to speak at conferences both locally and on a national level. He develops and improves surgical techniques and trains other surgeons in the implementation of new technologies. His goal is to ensure that his patients receive the best care possible through the most recent advancements in modern medicine.	https://www.myusadr.com/john-malloy-do/
Access to society journal content varies across our titles. If you have access to a journal via a society or association membership, please browse to your society journal, select an article to view, and follow the instructions in this box. Moore, MD, a pediatric endocrinologist at Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Mo., presented the data at the annual meeting of the Endocrine Society.“Despite the fact that human growth hormone is a proven treatment for growth hormone deficiency, daily use of our current formulations can be a factor that affects compliance,” said Dr. He cited a 2008 Misperceptions about the consequences of missed doses and discomfort with injections were strongly associated with noncompliance, the authors of that paper noted. Last year, the Growth Hormone Research Society a consensus paper calling for more research into longer-acting formulations (Eur J Endocrinol. The group of 55 international experts described several strategies for creating long-acting growth hormone formulations, including depot formulations, pegylation, prodrugs, noncovalent albumin binding growth hormone compounds, and growth hormone fusion proteins. These findings were almost superimposable with those in the ANSWER registry. At baseline, the mean hemoglobin A was 5.2%; this was unchanged at 3 years. The most commonly reported adverse event was injection site pain (48%). Bone age and chronological age came into alignment within the first year and that association was maintained throughout the study – again, in almost superimposable curves with the registry data. Injection site erythema was reported in 5% of patients, but no injection site nodules occurred. The women taking estrogen experienced the flattest response, gaining about 2 SDs. However, the response curve was nearly identical, with a rapid, sharp increase in IGF-1 within the first week, followed by a gradual decline to baseline by 22 days. If they were on any growth hormone therapy, they underwent a 14-day washout period. The subjects were divided and dosed by age and gender. Comments Human Growth Hormone Research Paper - Long-acting growth hormone moves forward based on. Apr 4, 2017. An extended-release human growth hormone formulation offers a. year, the Growth Hormone Research Society published a consensus paper.… - Transdermal Delivery of Human Growth Hormone Through RF. Research Paper. Transdermal Delivery of Human Growth Hormone. Through RF-Microchannels. Galit Levin,1,3 Amikam Gershonowitz,1 Hagit Sacks,1 Meir.… - Current Status of Biosimilar Growth Hormone International. Aug 23, 2009. The scientific viability of biosimilar growth hormone is reviewed. Somatropin growth hormone in Europe and the US prompted this paper. a recombinant human growth hormone that is structurally identical to Pfizer's.… - The Growth Hormone Receptor Mechanism of. - Frontiers Feb 13, 2018. The growth hormone receptor also activates the Src family kinase. Partners JAKs and Negative Regulators SOCS View all 8 Articles. proximal 150 residues of the cytoplasmic domain of human GHR. has promoted subsequent research is its involvement in growth and its relation to growth hormone.… - Claims for the anabolic effects of growth hormone a case of. True pharmaceutical grade human GH hGH preparations are available for self. here, but the one of most concern is the extent to which the scientific and medical. The most recent paper available on this topic described the effects of.… - Long-term safety and effectiveness of growth hormone therapy. May 16, 2019. long-term safety and effectiveness of recombinant human growth hormone rhGH in. Data Availability Raw data of this paper can be found in the. In addition, pharmaceutical companies carried out research on the safety.… - Molecule of the Month Growth Hormone - PDB-101 Human growth hormone top left, prolactin top right, and insulin-like growth factor. Growth hormone continues its work in adults, playing an important role in.… - Current Concepts Regarding Human Growth Hormone.	https://postellife.ru/human-growth-hormone-research-paper-247.html
SEARCHED FOR: MONGLA PORTS India, Bangladesh ink pact to enhance bilateral trade The SOP has been framed as per the terms and conditions of the Agreement on Coastal Shipping and both the countries have agreed to its provisions. Opening up shipping routes: Bangladesh pact to make travel to northeast easier India and Bangladesh share 54 rivers and the two have a pact, ... Fifteen stocks in focus on Friday, 27 January 2017 Eveready Industries, India Cements, ITC, Just Dial and Tata Coffee will announce their fin... India, Bangladesh sign SOP to operationalise Agreement on Coastal Shipping” Several Joint Technical Committee (JTCs) meetings have also taken place between India and Bangladesh on the issue of coastal shipping. Bangladesh to follow WTO rules in fixing transit fees for India According to summit outcome, Bangladesh could have direct routes to Nepal & Bhutan while India would get access to its isolated northeastern region. 3.5 lakh liters furnace oil spills in fragile Sunderbans as tankers collide in fog An oil tanker carrying around 350,000 litres of oil capsized on the Shele River in the Sundarbans early Tuesday morning, threatening the world's largest mangrove ecosystem which is also a Unesco World Heritage Site, Bangladesh media is reporting. Why India is dredging rivers in Bangladesh New Delhi has tied up with Dhaka to dredge two river stretches. It has committed 80 per cent of the total amount required for these two stretches. 350-tonne oil spill by Bangladeshi ship threatens Sunderbans The site, near Mongla port, is about 100 km from the Kolkata port and Indian officials are on alert over the possibility of the oil slick spreading to the Indian side. 350-tonne oil spill by Bangladeshi ship threatens Sunderbans The fragile Sundarbans region stared at an ecological nightmare after a vessel carrying 350 tonnes of oil crashed, spilling the toxic liquid over an 80-sq-km area along the Sela river in Bangladesh and threatening a sanctuary of rare Irrawaddy and Ganges dolphins. PM Modi's Bangladesh trip: LBA raises hopes of subcontinent’s Berlin Walls coming down Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Bangladesh trip and the ratification of the LBA with Bangladeshi PM Sheikh Hasina will undo a damaging legacy of Partition. PM Modi's Bangladesh visit: 22 agreements signed, LBA centrepiece; tone set for future cooperation PM Modi's Bangladesh visit has been a success due to the ratification of the LBA and West Bengal CM Mamata Bannerji's willingness to accompany the PM. Boost to road, rail, sea connectivity: India gets access to transit routes through Bangladesh Several of Centre’s development projects for the seven states of Northeast ran into delays as the gateway remains the Siliguri corridor in West Bengal. Bangladesh urges India to remove trade barriers The Bangladesh government has urged India to remove "trade barriers" against Dhaka's exports to reduce the trade imbalance between the countries. South Asia towards greater connectivity? It is possible for India to secure surface connectivity and transit through Bangladesh and Pakistan by taking the initiative for a small number of key, imaginative concessions. Govt plans to develop inland waterways system Inland waterways, once considered a poor cousin of road and rail transport, are now being given a new thrust. These are being developed by the government as an alternative means for movement of goods instead of the conventional road and rail option.	http://css.etimg.com/topic/mongla-ports/3
Welcome to Telefónica The Data Transparency Lab (DTL) held its 4th Annual Conference last week at Telefónica headquarters in Barcelona. The event brought together more than 85 companies of 15 nationalities, experts in the protection and investigation of personal data online. For two days, world experts from different fields discussed about real cases, tools and legal data management environments that empower users and show how companies exploit their personal information. Besides, Nikolaos Laoutaris, Chief Scientist of the DTL, introduced the winners of the Grants Program of the DTL 2017. Francesca Bria, commissioner of Technology and Digital Innovation of Barcelona City Council, opened the event in which she advocated to turn Barcelona into the capital of technology and ethical transparency of data for the common good of citizens. “We want to use data and technology to improve the lives of citizens and create value for them. We need a strong ecosystem with research centers, universities, start-ups and investment by the public sector. We are working to ensure that data is a common asset and that companies can create services focused on data management and privacy by design”, said Francesca. For this reason, Ramón Sangüesa, coordinator of the DTL, announced that Barcelona will be the permanent venue of the event after having held its previous editions at MIT in Boston and Columbia University in New York. Francesca Bria Tools for data transparency The first session, conducted by David Choffnes, Assistant professor at Northeastern University, dealt with “Tools for data transparency”. Franck Baudot, Privacy Engineer at the Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés, said that “there is a need to create tools that show the user the information that is being generated”. In the meanwhile, Andrea Martens, Senior Economist at the European Commission, and Kashmir Hill, reporter at Gizmondo, stressed that one of the biggest challenges we face in creating these tools is that public procurement rules need to be approved to create them. Moreover, they also added that such research is very complex since each user wants to know different things, which in turn creates different restrictions. Disruptive approaches in transparency: Implementing Transparency Josep María Pujol, Scientific Director of Cliqz, moderated the next roundtable where it was debated whether the user knows the importance of privacy and stressed the role of search engines as tools that filter what the user is watching and looking for. Jean-Paul Schmetz, founder and CEO of Cliqz, submitted that we do not need to infringe the user’s privacy for advertising since it has been around for a long time and has always seemed to work. For his part, Andrei Sambra, Technology Lead of Qwant, added that no one really knows why they need more data from users since having so much information becomes a complex activity that needs to be categorized. Value creation from data transparency for users and companies As last panel of the day, Nathan Kinch, Founding Partner of >X; Valérie Peugeot, Digital Studies Researcher at Orange Labs; Manish Bahl, Senior Director of the Center for the Future of Work in Cognizant and James Harvey, Product designer at Ascential discussed about “the value creation from data transparency for users and companies”. The panelists concluded the day by discussing how users want rights in the control of their data and by giving them a focused environment, with integrity, simple and sure will achieve a progress in transparency. Day 2 The second day of the Conference was opened by Isabella de Michelis, CEO and founder of Earnieapp: “Users are an essential part of creating value and therefore they need tools that are easy to use and that everyone can use and give consent in it. On the other hand, companies must know how to differentiate which data, created by the user, are of value among the large quantity that exists”, she commented. How to Foster the progress of transparency Nozha Boujemaa, Inria Research Director, Director of DATAIA Institute & TransAlgo Project Leader, started the session indicating that transparency should be made between the data and the algorithms, since the algorithms are encapsulated opinions that are given through decision parameters and learning data. Lofred Madzou and Judith Herzog of the Conseil National du Numérique demanded transversal principles in our society since we need to trust real users since they are the ones who are sharing apps and their testimonies with them. Usable Transparency in the time of AI and Machine Learning Paolo Ciuccarelli, Associate Professor at the Politecnico de Milano, wanted to emphasize that the simple explanation of the algorithms of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are necessary for users concerned about their personal data. José Ramón Gómez Utrilla, Manager of the 4th Platform and Aura at Telefónica, stated that the objective of Artificial Intelligence should be to create a relationship with the client based on trust. Discrimination and data Ethics The last panel was led by Simone Fischer-Hüber, professor at Karldstad University, who opened the discussion on “Discrimination and data ethics”. Julia Stoyanovich, professor at Drexel University, said that “the data life cycle is a responsible science that begins with the conscious data collection, exchange, integration, consultation, classification and responsible management of data”. To learn more, follow us on our accounts: Twitter, visiter the website of Transparency Data Lab or suscribe to our newsletter.	https://www.telefonica.com/en/web/public-policy/blog/article/-/blogs/transparency-and-privacy-of-data-to-debate-in-dtl-2017
(TAS), is a not-for-profit organization started in 1979 by some of our Saint Louis Telugu veterans to establish a vibrant platform for the Saint Louis Telugu Community by collaborating, celebrating, sharing, serving, and representing the values of our great community with the sole purpose of service, support and entertainment. TAS is also the go-to place for local Telugu newcomers to find cultural and social networking opportunities. TAS conducts many cultural activities and events every year that are designed not only to celebrate our language, traditions, art and heritage but also to pass them on to our next generations. We welcome you to come and join this great organization in promoting its goal of bringing this community together through its rich cultural heritage. To sponsor TAS programs or to advertise with TAS, please contact:	http://stltelugu.org/aboutus.html
I am learning about the necessity for self-expression, especially during trauma recovery, in my Expressive Arts Trauma Therapy course. Cathy Malchiodi described, “Language, a function of declarative memory, is generally not readily accessible to trauma survivors of any age after a traumatic event. In particular, Broca’s area, a section of the brain that controls language is affected, making it difficult to relate the trauma narrative. In fact, when a trauma survivor attempts to speak, PET scans actually show that Broca’s area tends to shut down. Meanwhile, other parts of the brain, including the limbic system, are in overdrive, particularly in individuals with posttraumatic stress symptoms…We all encode psychological trauma in a sensory way and we all have the possibility to use our senses in the recovery process.” She explained how trauma burrows within and, when it isn’t processed, its impact will show up in negative behavior most of the time without the individual who has suffered the trauma even realizing it is happening. In distress, when biologically verbal language isn’t available, art expression gifts an unspoken language to survivors; it enables you to put action to the disruptive feelings. If you know someone suffering, who isn’t able to put this pain into words, encourage creativity. It helps them start to process the distress and it gives those in the sidelines a glimpse into this person's psyche. In a sense, it’s like looking through a viewfinder and seeing snapshots of the trauma that is layered within. It is important not to under estimate the power of healing arts. It is an area that is undervalued in our society. We are born with the tool of creativity. I believe this therapeutic channel taps into a celestial offering that enables a person to unblock pain and cross a philosophical bridge to recovery. If you’re suffering, take on a creative project; give it a shot, what can it hurt?	http://www.examiner.com/article/expression-recovery?cid=rss
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a feedback statement relating to the call for input on accessing and using wholesale data. In the feedback statement, the FCA summarizes the responses received and the FCA's findings on whether data are being priced and sold competitively. The FCA confirms that it will undertake the following work to gain a deeper understanding of the potential harm and, where appropriate, take steps to mitigate any harm. In particular, the FCA will focus on the following: [View source.] See more DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations. © Shearman & Sterling LLP Refine your interests »	https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/uk-financial-conduct-authority-4721006/
Howard, R. J.; Trudell, J. R.; Adron Harris, R., Seeking structural specificity: direct modulation of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels by alcohols and general anesthetics. Pharmacol. Rev. 2014, 66 (2), 396-412, 17 pp. Abstract Alcohols and other anesthetic agents dramatically alter neurologic function in a wide range of organisms, yet their molecular sites of action remain poorly characterized. Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels, long implicated in important direct effects of alcohol and anesthetic binding, have recently been illuminated in renewed detail thanks to the determination of atomic-resolution structures of several family members from lower organisms. These structures provide valuable models for understanding and developing anesthetic agents and for allosteric modulation in general. This review surveys progress in this field from function to structure and back again, outlining early evidence for relevant modulation of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels and the development of early structural models for ion channel function and modulation. We highlight insights and challenges provided by recent crystal structures and resulting simulations, as well as opportunities for translation of these newly detailed models back to behavior and therapy.	https://creativematter.skidmore.edu/chem_fac_schol/22/
“States are leading the way right now,” Dimanchev said. “That’s where climate policy is taking place and renewable energy policy is largely taking place.” But there are still state battles, too, especially in the Rust Belt. Dimanchev presented his research on Ohio’s senate floor in June as it deliberated on whether to roll back its renewable portfolio standards to subsidize nuclear energy and coal. Throwing out the standards completely would lead to an average of 50 premature deaths per year starting in 2030. However, not everyone agrees with these perceptions about renewable sources. The conception that renewables are unsuitable for providing baseload power is termed by some ‘The Baseload Fallacy’. Those who hold this view claim that some renewables are indeed able to produce reliable continuous power.And then there are the health risks, ranging from more annoying allergy seasons to a jump in heat-related illnesses and deaths.But this study, published August 12th in examined the health benefits and financial incentives that come along with states using more renewable energy. On top of limiting greenhouse gases that warm the planet, moving away from dirtier sources of energy also affects air quality.Ten states across the Midwest and Great Lakes region of the US could see .7 billion in health benefits in 2030 if they stick with current renewable energy standards, according to a new study from MIT.That’s about a 34 percent return on the .5 billion price tag associated with actually building out that infrastructure of renewable energy sources such as wind or solar farms.Ohio Governor Mike De Wine eventually signed a bill that didn’t gut the standards completely, but significantly walks them back.“The negative impacts on health will be significant and will not be very far off from the numbers we estimated for a full repeal,” Dimanchev says.They suggest that more use can be made of the similar profiles of diurnal output levels from solar-based renewables and the daily electricity demand curve; and that integration of a distributed system utilising a variety of renewable energy sources will have the capacity to provide reliable power on a continuous basis.This paper investigates the degree to which renewable sources of generation can deliver power, including baseload power.The MIT team strategically honed in on local measures that can be taken even as Trump rolls back federal action on air quality and climate change.His administration is facing a massive lawsuit filed by 22 states and seven local governments challenging his Affordable Clean Energy Act, which would weaken emissions standards for coal plants.	https://arenda-proektorov.ru/research-paper-on-renewable-energy-sources-186.html
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS The following examples further illustrate the invention. EXAMPLE 1 This example illustrates the preparation of 4- hydroxyacetophenone by the Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate using hydrogen fluoride as catalyst. To a 300 cc Hastelloy C autoclave was charged 40.8 g (0.3 mol) of phenyl acetate. The autoclave was sealed, immersed in a dry ice/isopropanol bath and cooled internally to -45° C., and evacuated to ca. 100 Torr. Addition of 120 g (6.0 mol) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride was performed in a manner such as that the internal temperature of the autoclave did not exceed 0° C. The internal pressure of the reactor was then adjusted to 0 psig with nitrogen. The contents of the autoclave were stirred and heated to 75° C. for 1 h. The hydrogen fluoride was vented over a 45 min period at ca. 45. degree. C. The mixture was poured onto 25 g of ice and neutralized with 45% potassium hydroxide solution. The aqueous mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic fraction was then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was removed on a rotary evaporator to yield 44. 0 g of a dark green solid corresponding to 99.9% conversion of phenyl acetate and 94.3% selectivity to 4- hydroxyacetophenone. EXAMPLE 2 This example illustrates the preparation of 4- hydroxyacetophenone by the Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate using hydrogen fluoride as catalyst with acetic anhydride as additive. To a 300 cc Hastelloy C autoclave were added 30.6 grams (0.3 mole) of acetic anhydride. The autoclave was cooled to -50° C. and evacuated to 5 Torr whereupon 120 g (6.0 mole) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride was transferred from a cylinder to the autoclave. After the transfer of hydrogen fluoride was completed, the internal temperature and the internal pressure of the autoclave was adjusted to -50° C. and 0 psig using nitrogen, respectively. To the stirred autoclave was added 81. 6 g (0.6 mol) of phenyl acetate at such a rate that the temperature of the mixture did not exceed -23° C. Upon completion of phenyl acetate addition, the contents were warmed to 50° C and stirred for 3 h during which time a pressure of ca. 40 psig was generated. At the end of the run, the hydrogen fluoride was vented through a caustic scrubber and the contents of the autoclave were poured onto ca. 30 g of ice. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to 6.5 using 45% potassium hydroxide and the mixture was then extracted with 75 ml of ethyl acetate (3x). The organic solution was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The reaction proceeded with 98.1% conversion of phenyl acetate and with the following selectivities: phenol 1%; 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4- HAP) 82.3%; 2-hydroxyacetophenone (2-HAP) 4.3%; 3-hydroxyacetophenone (3- HAP) 0.1%; 4-acetoxyacetophenone (4-AAP) 3.8%; and 4-(4'- hydroxyphenyl) acetophenone (HPAP) 0.4%. EXAMPLE 3 This example describes the formation of 4-hydroxyacetophenone by the Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate using hydrogen fluoride as catalyst and acetic acid as additive. The procedure for Example 2 was repeated except that 18 grams (0. 3 mole) of acetic acid rather than acetic anhydride were charged to the reactor before it was cooled and charged with the hydrogen fluoride. A conversion of 99.0% of phenyl acetate was obtained with the following selectivities: phenol 3.3%; acetic acid 0.8%; 4-HAP 80.8%; 3-HAP 0; 2- HAP 5.8%; 4-AAP 0.3%; and HPAP 0.3%. EXAMPLE 4 This example illustrates the preparation of 4- hydroxyacetophenone (4- HAP) by the Friedel-Crafts acetylation of phenol with acetic acid as the acetylating agent. To a 300 cc Hastelloy C autoclave were charged 9.4 g (0.1 mol) of phenol and 12.0 g (0.2 mol) of acetic acid. The autoclave was sealed, internally cooled to -20° C., and evacuated to 150 Torr, whereupon 100 g (5.0 mol) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride were transferred from a cylinder to the autoclave. The contents of the autoclave were heated to 80° C. and maintained at that temperature for 1 hour. The contents of the autoclave were then cooled to ca. 20° C. and the hydrogen fluoride was vented to a potassium hydroxide scrubber. Ethyl acetate was added to the contents of the autoclave and the resulting solution was neutralized with a 45% solution of potassium hydroxide. The organic phase was separated, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed on a rotary evaporator to afford 13.1 g (96% yield) of crystalline 4-HAP. EXAMPLE 5 This example illustrates the preparation of 4- hydroxyacetophenone by the Friedel-Crafts acetylation of phenol with acetic anhydride as the acetylating agent. To a 300 cc Hastelloy C autoclave cooled to -20° to . degree.C. and evacuated to 50 Torr was added 150 g (7.5 mole) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride. The content of the autoclave was warmed to 50° C. resulting in an internal pressure of 25 psig. A solution of 23. 5 g (0.25 mole) of phenol and 25.5 g (0.25 mol) of acetic anhydride was added to the autoclave over a 3 minute period causing the pressure to drop to 14 psig. The solution was stirred for 1 hour at 50. degree. C. whereupon the hydrogen fluoride was vented at the reaction temperature. The contents of the autoclave were poured onto ice and the aqueous phase was adjusted to pH - 6.0 with a 45% solution of potassium hydroxide. The aqueous phase was extracted with 75 mL of ethyl acetate (3x); the organic fractions were combined, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The reaction proceeded with 99% conversion based on phenol and 95% selectivity to 4-hydroxyacetophenone. The following example illustrates the reaction of 4- hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP) with acetic anhydride to form 4- acetoxyacetophenone (4-AAP). EXAMPLE 6 A solution of 136.2 g (1.0 mol) of 4-hydroxyacetophenone and 400 mL of acetic anhydride was heated at reflux for 3 h under a nitrogen atmosphere. The acetic acid and acetic anhydride was distilled overhead in vacuo (39. degree.-41° C., 2.6 mm Hg). The remaining oil was then distilled in vacuo (132° -134° C., 2.0 mm Hg) to yield 169.7 g (95.2%) of white crystals identified as 4- acetoxyacetophenone. Examples 7 to 10 illustrate the oxidation of 4- acetoxyacetophenone (4- AAP) to 4-acetoxybenzoic acid (4-ABA). EXAMPLE 7 A 300 cc Hastelloy C autoclave was charged with 17.8 g (0.1 mol) of 4- acetoxyacetophenone (4-AAP), 0.25 g of manganese (II) acetate tetrahydrate, 1.0 g of acetaldehyde, 25 g of acetic anhydride, and 125 g of acetic acid. An oxygen/nitrogen mixture was sparged into the autoclave at 1000 cc/min such that 5% oxygen was maintained in the vent. A 10% acetaldehyde in acetic acid solution was fed at a rate of 3.0 cc/h. The reaction was run at 150° C. and 100 psig for 3 h. using a stirring speed of 1000 rpm whereupon the acetic acid and acetic anhydride were removed on a rotary evaporator to yield orange crystals. The crystals were dissolved in ca. 150 mL of ethyl acetate and the solution was extracted with 100 mL of water (3x). The organic phase was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was removed on a rotary evaporator to yield 4-acetoxybenzoic acid (4-ABA) at a conversion of 92.7% based on 4-AAP and with 55.1% selectivity to 4-ABA. EXAMPLE 8, 9, 10, 11 Following generally the procedure of Example 7, 4- acetoxyacetophenone was converted to 4-acetoxybenzoic acid. The reactants, conditions, conversions, and selectivities are reported in the following table. ##TBL1## The 4-ABA of this invention, may be utilized as monomer in the preparation of polymers capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase and suitable for being formed into shaped articles such as molded articles, fibers and films, as shown, for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,339,375; 4, 341,688; 4,351,918; and 4,355,132. As stated, the 4-ABA of this invention, may also be hydrolyzed to form 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) which has many uses in organic syntheses, and as an intermediate for the production of preservatives, dyes and fungicides. The following example illustrates this process. EXAMPLE 12 A solution of 4.5 g (0.025 mole) of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid, 25 g of dimethoxyethane, 25 g of water, and 6.1 g of concentrated sulfuric acid was heated at reflux for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. The solution was cooled, saturated with sodium chloride, and extracted with 75 mL of ethyl acetate (3x). The organic fractions were combined, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. Rotary evaporation afforded a substantially quantitative yield of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid based on the 4-acetoxybenzoic acid.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a glass composition suitable for producing a distributed-index optical element having a refractive index distributed in a radial direction by a thermal-interdiffusion process using a double crucible, and a distributed-index optical element made by said glass composition. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART A distributed-index optical element having a parabolically varied refractive index distribution across its cross section has been broadly used for e.g., optical heads in a copy machine, an optical printer, a facsimile or the like, since the distributed-index optical element has a mechanism of image formation like a spherical lens even if the end surface of the element is flat and advantages such that a lens having smaller diameter and shorter focal length can be produced. Conventionally, there have been three kinds of glass, i.e., thallium glass, cesium glass and lithium glass as glass materials used for a distributed-index optical element (e.g., a rod lens) produced by fiber forming and subsequent ion-exchange in molten-salt. Thallium glass allows a distributed-index rod lens to have a very large acceptance angle due to its large electronic polarization, on the contrary a chromatic aberration of the rod lens made by thallium glass becomes large so that such rod lens can not be used for a color optical system. Contrary to thallium glass, cesium glass can make a chromatic aberration of the rod lens made thereby small, but such rod lens can only have a small difference in refractive indices because it is impossible to contain a large quantity of cesium in the glass. In addition to this, the melting temperature of cesium glass is quite high. Cesium glass further has economical disadvantages such that it is very high cost. Different from these thallium glass and cesium glass, lithium glass allows the rod lens made thereby to have a suitable difference in refractive indices and a quite small chromatic aberration, so that it is very useful glass for a high performance distributed-index rod lens in respect of optical quality. The melting temperature of lithium glass is also suitable for fiber-forming. However, lithium glass tends to be devitrified, so that a caution is required for the fiber forming step. As to the method of forming a base glass fiber for the distributed- index rod lens while inhibiting the devitrification of glass, Japanese Patent Publication No.5-72337 proposes such technique that the outer surface of high devitrijying lithium glass core is covered by low devitrifying glass. According to this method, a refractive index distribution is provided to the base glass fiber by an ion-exchange process after the fiber-forming and cutting processes. The compositions for lithium glass are known in the following references, for example. Japanese Patent Publication No.63-64941 discloses the glass composition suitable for providing a refractive index distribution by ion exchange, i.e., the glass composition in which SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2 and MgO as major components and Li.sub.2 O and Na.sub.2 O as alkaline components are mixed, the maximum concentration of Li.sub.2 O being 15 mol %. Japanese Patent Publication No.59-49134 discloses the glass composition comprising SiO.sub.2, TiO2, MgO+PbO, Li.sub.2 O and Na.sub.2 O as major components, the maximum concentration of Li.sub.2 O being 18 mol %. The reference "Soviet J.Glass Phy. & Chem. 1979, vol.5, p207" discloses the combination of alkali ions for contributing to a large difference in refractive indices is discussed and that the combination of lithium and sodium is desirable. This reference further discusses the devitrification and the chemical stability (or durability) of lithium glass, and shows the glass composition comprising 40 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 20 mol % of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 6.5 mol % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 25 mol % of Li.sub.2 O, 5 mol % of Na.sub.2 O and 3.5 mol % of ZrO.sub.2. The following references discloses the glass compositions which contain a large quantity of lithium. The reference "J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1969, vol.52, p169" discloses the glass composition comprising 75.0 mol % of SiO.sub.2 and 25 mol % of Li. sub.2 O, and the glass composition in which a part of Li.sub. 2 O of said composition is substituted by Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O or Cs.sub. 2 O. The reference "J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1972, vol.55, p254" discloses the glass composition comprising 50.0 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 25.0 mol % of Al. sub.2 O.sub.3 and 25.0 mol % of Li.sub.2 O. The reference "J.Non-Crystalline Solids, 1980, vol.38, p705" discloses the glass composition comprising 74 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 25 mol % of Li. sub.2 O and 1 mol % of P.sub.2 O.sub.5. The reference "ICG, 1980, vol.12, p385" disclcses the glass compositions comprising 65.0 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 4.5 mol % of B.sub.2 O. sub.3, 12.5 mol % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 18.0 mol % of Li.sub.2 O; and 60.0 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 10.0 mol % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 30.0 mol % of Li.sub.2 O. The reference "J.Material Science, 1983, vol.18, p1049" discloses the glass composition comprising 66.75 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 23. 45 mol % of Li. sub.2 O, 1.00 mol % of K.sub.2 O, 8.00 mol % of ZnO and 0. 80 mol % of P. sub.2 O.sub.5. The reference "J. Am. Ceram. Soc.,1984, vol.67, p270" discloses the glass compositions comprising 76.9 mol % of SiO.sub.2 and 23.1 mol % of Li.sub.2 O; 71.4 mol % of SiO.sub.2 and 28.6 mol % of Li.sub.2 O; 50 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 20 mol % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 20 mol % of Li.sub. 2 O; 50 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 25 mol % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 25 mol % of Li. sub.2 O; 72.5 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 7.25 mol % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 20. 25 mol % of Li.sub.2 O; 69.4 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 6.95 mol % of Al.sub. 2 O.sub.3 and 23.65 mol % of Li.sub.2 O; 66.7 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 6.65 mol % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 26.65 mol % of Li.sub.2 O; and 64.1 mol % of SiO.sub.2, 6.4 mol % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 29.5 mol % of Li.sub.2 O. As methods for fabricating a distributed-index rod lens by process other than ion-exchange, a number of methods are known in which a refractive index distribution is providers by thermal-interdiffusion between core glass and cladding crlass using a double crucible (for example, Japanese Patent Publications 47-824, 47-26983, 49-48774 and 62- 21737). According to the thermal-interdiffusion process, using a double crucible having coxal nozzles, two kinds of Grlass for core and cladding are poured into the double crucible and heated therein. The resultant two kinds of molten glass axe pulled from the coxal nozzles of the double crucible. The molten glass for core from the inner crucible and the molten glass for cladding from the outer crucible are contacted to each other at a high temperature in order to exchange positive ions constituting modifying oxide in the glass for core with positive ions constituting modifying oxide in the glass for cladding. As a result, a refractive index distribution is formed in a core/cladding type base glass fiber, which is continuously varying in a radial direction of the base glass fiber. Distributed-index rod lenses can be obtained by cutting the base glass fiber to a suitable length. Consequently, the method by the thermal-interdiffusion process has advantages such that the distributed-index rod lenses may be continuously manufactured in a short time. The profile refractive index distribution of the distributed- index rod lens of core/cladding type, is shown in FIG. 1 in which the upper part designates the cross-section of the rod lens, and the lower part the refractive index distribution curve wherein the abscissa is a refractive index n and the ordinate a distance r from the center of the rod lens. In the figure, the reference numeral 1 designates core glass and the reference numeral 2 cladding glass. The distribution curve 3 shows that the refractive index are varying in a radial direction and the center of core glass 1 has the maximum refractive index n. The refractive index distribution in the core glass 1 shows a parabolic cure, while that in the cladding glass 2 shows the distribution out of the parabolic curve. In this description, forming a refractive index distribution by thermal-interdiffusion of ions between two kinds of high viscous fluid in contact is referred to as a thermal-interdiffusion process, and forming a refractive index distribution by ion-exchange between solid and liquid (i. e., molten salt) is referred to as an ion-exchange process. Forming a refractive index distribution by immersing a core/cladding type glass rod in molten salt is also referred to as an ion-exchange process. According to the method described in said Japanese Patent Publication No.5-72337, the thickness of low devitrifying glass covering the core glass is required to be as thin as possible in order to implement the ion- exchange to the core glass. If the thickness of the low devitrifying glass is too thick in order to suppress the devitrification of the core glass, the distributed-index rod lens obtained can not have good optical characteristics. If the thickness of the low devitrifying glass is too thin in order to proceed successfully the ion-exchange process, it may be impossible to inhibit the devitrification of glass. Therefore, when the base glass fiber is forming while covering the outer surface of the high devitrifying lithium glass with the low devitrifying glass, the concentration of Li. sub.2 O in the glass is up to 15 mol % and the acceptance angle of the rod lens obtained is at most 15.3 degrees. It should be noted that as shown in FIG. 2, "acceptance angle" means the allowable maximum incident angle &thgr;.sub.max of a light beam 6 with respect to the central axis 5 of the distributed-index rod lens 4, in which sin&thgr;.sub.max ={square root}A•n.sub.0 •r. sub.0 where {square root}A is a diffractive index distribution constant, n. sub. 0 is a refractive index on the central axis and r.sub.0 is a radius of the part which can be utilized as a lens. The method for producing a distributed-index rod lens using an ion- exchange process has a problem such that it takes a lot of time to product the rod lens, because a base glass fiber is formed and cut to a suitable length, and then the cut base glass fiber is exposed to an ion- exchange process. Further, the ion-exchange process is a batch processing, then the length of rod lens to be produced is limited. On the contrary, in the method for producing a distributed- index rod lens using an thermal-interdiffusion prociess, a double crucible may be used so that the continuous fiber-forming is possible in the condition that the glass materials for core and cladding are continuously applied, resulting in no limitation for the length of rod lens to be produced. Accordingly, not only a distributed-index rod lens but also a long distributed-index fiber may be produced. The thermal-interdiffusion process has been conventionally known technique and this process has often been applied to thallium glass. However, the cases are less in which lithium glass was fiber-formed in fact by means of the thermal-interdiffusion process. While the inventors of this patent application have known the distributed-index rod lenses described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-121333 and 52-124013, the Li.sub.2 O concentration in glass in each rod lens disclosed in these Publications is less than or equal to 11.3 mol %, resulting in a small acceptance angle. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a glass composition suitable for core/cladding structure used for a distributed- index optical element having a small chromatic aberration and a large acceptance angle. Another object of the present invention is to provide a distributed- index optical element made from said glass composition. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a distributed-index optical element using said glass composition. The present invention provides glass compositions for a core/cladding type distributed-index optical element produced by a thermal- interdiffusion process using a double crucible. The glass compositions comprises a glass composition for core containing 18 mol % < Li.sub.2 O&lE;30 mol %, 0 mol %&lE;Na.sub.2 O&lE;12 mol %, 0 mol %. ltoreq.PbO&lE;5 mol %, 8 mol %&lE;MgO&lE;18 mol %, 0.5 mol %. ltoreq. BaO&lE;5 mol %, 1 mol %&lE;TiO.sub.2 &lE; 10 mol %, and 40 mol %&lE;SiO. sub.2 &lE;65 mol % as major components, where 18 mol %&lE;(Li.sub.2 O+Na. sub.2 O)&lE;30 mol %, 50 mol %&lE; (SiO.sub.2 +TiO.sub.2)&lE;66 mol % and 8 mol %. ltoreq.(MgO+PbO). ltoreq.22 mol %; and comprises a glass composition for cladding containing 18 mol % < R.sub.2 O&lE;30 mol %(R. sub.2 O&boxH; Na.sub. 2 O+K.sub.2 O), 0 mol %&lE;PbO&lE;5 mol %, 8 mol % . ltoreq.MgO. ltoreq.18 mol %, 0.5 mol %&lE;BaO&lE;5 mol %, 1 mol %. ltoreq.TiO. sub.2 &lE;10 mol %, and 40 mol %&lE;SiO.sub.2 &lE; 65 mol % as major components, where 50 mol % &lE;(SiO.sub.2 +TiO.sub. 2). ltoreq. 66 mol %, and 8 mol %&lE;(MgO+PbO)&lE;22 mol %. According to the present invention, the concentration of Li.sub. 2 O for core glass may be as high as in the rancre of 18 mol % < Li. sub. 2 O&lE;30 mol %, so that it is possible to produce a distributed- index rod lens having a large acceptance angle up to 25.3 degrees. The distributed-index rod lens produced by a thermal-interdiffusion process using a double crucible has core glass and cladding glass which covers the core glass concentrically. This rod lens has the same structure as that of the rod lens described in said Japanese Patent Publication No.5- 72337. According to the thermal-interdiffusion process which is different from the ion-exchange process, the thickness of the cladding glass is not limited during the process. Therefore, it becomes possible to produce the distributed-index rod lens having core glass composition containing Li. sub.2 O (tends to be devitrified) of 18 mol % < Li.sub.2 O&lE;30 mol % by controlling the thickness of the cladding glass depending upon the devitrification of the glass. According to the ion-exchange process, if the ratio of the concentration of Li.sub.2 O versus that of Na.sub.2 O doeis not have particular values e.g., from 1.2 to 1.6, the optical characteristics of the distributed-index rod lens is degraded (see Japanese Patent Laid- open No.63-64941). On the contrary, it has found that a core/cladding type distributed-index rod lens of the present invention may have good optical characteristics, even if said ratio of Li.sub.2 O concentration versus Na.sub.2 O concentration in the core glass is not in the range of said particular values. It has also found that causing Na.sub.2 O to contain in the core glass is desirable, but the quality of the rod lens may be attained to some degree so long as the formed images by the rod lens are evaluated, even if no Na.sub.2 O is contained in the core glass. The concentration of all the alkali metals (Li.sub.2 O+Na.sub.2 O+ K. sub.2 O) in the glass have a large effect on the chemical durability of glass. In accordance with the present intzention, Li.sub.2 O concentration in the core glass can be controlled independent of Na.sub. 2 O concentration, so that all the alkali metals can be assigned to lithium to produce the distributed-index rod lens. In this case, it is preferred that the glass composition containing Li.sub.2 O in the range of 18 mol % < Li.sub.2 O&lE;30 mol % is used as the core glass. When Li.sub.2 O concentration of the core glass is less than or equal to 18 mol %, the acceptance angle of the rod lens becomes large, and when Li.sub.2 O concentration is more than 30 mol %, the devitrification of glass is too high to form a fiber even if the thermal- interdiffusion by a double crucible is used. It is, therefore, desirable that Li.sub.2 O concentration is 18 mol % < Li.sub.2 O&lE;30 mol %, more preferably 18 mol % < Li.sub.2 O&lE;25 mol %, or further preferably 20 mol %&lE;Li.sub.2 O&lE;25 mol %. The concentration of all the alkali metals is preferably less than or equal to 30 mol % in view of the chemical durability for the core glass. Consequently, Na.sub.2 O concentration is &lE;12 mol %, more preferably &lE;10 mol %, or further preferably 3 mol %&lE; Na.sub. 2 O&lE; 7 mol %. It is, therefore, unnecessary that the ratio of Na.sub.2 O concentration versus Li.sub.2 O concentration is limited to the values from 1.2 to 1.6 as described in Japanese Patent, Publication No.59-41934. SiO.sub.2 is a major component which constitutes the network structure of glass. If SiO.sub.2 concentration is less than 40 mol %, the devitrification and chemical durability of the glass are excessively degraded. Also, if SiO.sub.2 concentration is more than 65 mol %, the content of modifying oxide for forming a refractive-index distribution is limited and the difference in refractive indices of the rod lens becomes small. As a result, a distributed-index rod lens suitable for practical use may not be obtained, and sometimes the resultant increasing of the melting temperature makes the fiber-forming of glass difficult. Accordingly, SiO.sub.2 concentration is preferably 40 mol %. ltoreq.SiO. sub.2 &lE;65 mol %, or more preferably 50 mol %&lE; SiO.sub.2 . ltoreq.60 mol %. TiO.sub.2 is a major component for forming a suitable refractive- index distribution and is an essential component in the glass composition according to the present invention. The content of TiO.sub.2 is desirable to be most suitably adjusted according to the content of Li. sub.2 O and other components. However, if TiO.sub.2 concentration is less than 1 mol %, its effect on the formation of a refractive-index distribution is not enough, and if more than 10 mol %, the devitrification of glass becomes high so that the fiber-formation is made difficult. Particularly, the glass composition of the present invention contains a large quantity of Li.sub.2 O, then the devitrification of glass tends to be easily caused. Accordingly, while TiO.sub.2 is an essential component, it is desirable to limit the content of TiO.sub.2 to the range in which a suitable refractive-index is formed, in view of the devitrification of glass. Therefore, TiO.sub.2 concentration is preferably 1 mol %&lE; TiO. sub.2 &lE;10 mol %, more preferably 2 mol %&lE;TiO.sub.2 . ltoreq.7 mol %, or further preferably 3 mol %&lE;TiO.sub.2 &lE;6 mol %. According to the glass composition described in said Japanese Patent Publication No.59-41934, the refractive-index distribution is provided by the ion-exchange process, so that TiO.sub.2 concentration is required to be more than or equal to 2 mol %. It is also described that TiO.sub.2 concentration may be up to 16 mol %. According to the present invention, the refractive-index distribution is provided by the thermal-interdiffusion process, so that the lower limit of TiO.sub.2 concentration may be 1 mol %, and the upper limit 10 mol %. SiO.sub.2 +TiO.sub.2 are components for forming the network of glass, and are the content thereof is preferably 50 mol %&lE;(SiO. sub.2 + TiO.sub.2)&lE;66 mol %. MgO and PbO are contained as the modifying oxide for glass, and are superior to other RO oxide in view of making large the difference between the refractive-index in the center of rod lens and that in the peripheral thereof. MgO, in particular, is an important component for forming a suitable refractive-index distribution, and then is an essential component in the glass composition according to the present invention. When MgO concentration is less than or equal to 8 mol %, the difference in refractive-indices becomes small, and when larger than 18 mol %, a suitable refractive-index distribution may not be obtained. PbO is not an essential component, but is most superior component in view of improvement of the devitrification of glass without making the difference in refractive-indices small. PbO concentration may be in the range of 0 mol %&lE;PbO&lE;5 mol %. If PbO concentration is larger than 5 mol %, the chemical durability of glass is degraded. Therefore, the concentration of MgO+PbO is preferably in the range of 8 mol %&lE;(MgO+PbO)&lE;22 mol %, or more preferably 10 mol %. ltoreq.(MgO+PbO)&lE;20 mol %. According to the present invention, at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of 0 mol %&lE;ZrO.sub.2 &lE;3 mol %, 0 mol %&lE;Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 &lE;1 mol %, 0 mol %&lE; BPO.sub.4 . ltoreq.4 mol %, 0 mol %&lE;Zno&lE;3 mol %, 0 mol %. ltoreq.La.sub. 2 O.sub.3 &lE;3 mol %, 0 mol %&lE;Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 . ltoreq.3 mol %, 0 mol %&lE;Al.sub.2 O. sub.3 &lE;3 mol %, and 0. ltoreq.As.sub. 2 O.sub.3 &lE;1 mol % can be added to the major components, with the total of the major components being 100 mol %, without degrading the characteristics of the distributed- index rod lens. It is desirable that the cladding glass used together with the core glass has the same composition as that of the core glass except alkali metals. The cladding glass has a high resistivity for devitrification compared with the core glass, because all of Li.sub.2 O is substituted with R.sub.2 O (Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O). Also, the cladding glass has the same network structure as that of the core glass, so that thermal- interdiffusion tends to be easily caused, resulting in a refractive-index distribution along the ideal parabolic curve. Furthermore, the cladding glass has the same density as that of the core glass, because the components of cladding glass and core glass are substantially the same. It is important for the thermal- interdiffusion process using a double crucible that respective densities of core glass and cladding glass are closely approximate. This is due to the fact that if the densities of core glass and cladding glass are different to a large extent, the speeds and amounts of core glass and cladding glass to be pulled from the double crucible are different, so that the control for the fiber-forming becomes difficult, the thermal- diffusion is not successfully operated and then refractive-index distribution along a parabolic curve may not be obtained. According to the thermal-interdiffusion process using a double crucible, ions are diffused to each other between the core glass and the cladding glass. It is, therefore, desirable that respective numbers (concentrations) of alkali forms in the core glass and the cladding glass are closely approximate. If the numbers of alkali ions in the core glass and the cladding glass are excessively different, the counterpart ions to be interdiffused therebetween may not exist, so that the thermal- interdiffusion does not successfully proceed. Therefore, it is desirable that the ratio of the concentration of (Li. sub.2 O+Na.sub.2 O) containing alkali ions in the core glass versus the concentration of (Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O) containing alkali ions in the cladding is in the range of 0.8-1.2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The foregoing and other objects, aspects and advantages will be better understood from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a refractive index distribution curve of a distributed- index lens. FIG. 2 shows an acceptance angle of a distributed-index lens. FIG. 3 shows a double crucible used for producing an distributed- index rod lens according to the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a bar graph designating a relationship between the content of Li.sub.2 O and an acceptance angle. FIGS. 5A and 5B show a photograph of a grid pattern being imaged by a rod lens of the present invention and a traced drawing of a part of lens. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT The present invention will be explained in accordance with the preferred embodiments hereinafter. It should, however, be noted that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. First, a thermal-interdiffusion process is discussed with reference to FIG. 3 which shows a schematic cross-section of a fiber- forming furnace 10 using a double crucible. A pot portion has a double construction comprising an inner pot 11 positioned in center and an outer pot 12 surrounding angularly the outer of the inner pot 11. A core nozzle 13 and a cladding nozzle 14 which forms a double construction with the nozzle 13 are extended from the bottom of the inner pot 11, these pots 11 and 12 being made by platinum. The cullet for core glass is feeded into the inner pot 11 and the cullet for cladding glass the outer pot 12 from a cullet feeder 20, respectively, and then are melted in the pots. These two kinds of molten glass flow downward to be joined at a junction part 16 of the nozzles 11 and 14, resulting in a base glass fiber of core/cladding structure. The molten glass in the pot 11 is preferably homogenized by stirring it by means of a stirrer 22. Alternatively, the cullet may be melted in another melting pots, and the two kinds of molten glass thus obtained for the core and cladding may be feeded into the pots, respectively. It is further desirable that the surface level of molten glass in each pot is maintained constant in order to makes the quantity ratio of the core/the cladding constant. While the molten core glass and cladding glass flow through a nozzle 15 which is a single nozzle extended from the outer pot 12, Al. sup.+ ions contained in the core glass and cladding glass respectively are thermal-interdiffused each other between them, resulting in the refractive ion distribution in the glass. The portion of the double crucible 11, 12, the junction 16 and the nozzles 13, 14, 15 are sectioned into some heater zones 17 (six zones in FIG. 3). By controlling the temperatures in these heater zones 17 respectively, the interdiffusion of Al.sup.+ ions may be controlled. The temperature conditions for the heater zones 17 depend on the composition of glass used, for example, controlled temperatures range from a liquid phase temperature (about 1000° C.) at the pots 11, 12 to an operation temperature (about 600° C.) at the tip of the nozzle 15. The glass discharged out of the tip of the nozzle 15 passing through the heater zones 17 is pulled at the constant speed by means of pulling rollers (not shown) and is rewound, by a take-up roller (not shown). A diameter measuring device may be provided in the line to measure the diameter of the pulled glass fiber in order to control the amount of cullet or molten glass to be feeded and the speed of the take- up roller so that the diameter of the pulled glass fiber is constant. Distributed-index rod lenses of core/cladding structure may be produced by cutting the pulled glass fiber, i.e., the base glass fiber to the predetermined length. The measured results for rod lenses thus obtained (samples) are shown in Tables 1-9, which include glass compositions, various characteristics of glass composition, quantity of added stabilizer and acceptance angle. In Table 1, there is shown major components of glass for core/cladding used for producing the samples (1)-(4). In these samples, the contents (mol %) of Li.sub.2 O and Na.sub.2 O in particular are caused to be varied, with the total content of the main components being 100 mol %. TABLE 1 _________________________________________________________________________ _ Sample No. (1) (2) (3) (4) Component (mol %) Core/Cladding Core/Cladding Core/Cladding Core/Cladding _________________________________________________________________________ _ Li.sub.2 O 20/-- 20/-- 25/-- 20/-- Na.sub.2 O 5/25 5/25 --/25 5/25 PbO 3/3 3/3 3/3 3/3 MgO 12/12 14/14 14/14 14/14 BaO 2/2 2/2 2/2 2/2 TiO.sub.2 3/3 3/3 3/3 3/3 SiO.sub.2 55/55 53/53 53/53 53/53 Total 100/100 100/100 100/100 100/100 _________________________________________________________________________ _ The quantity of stabilizers added into the glass for core/cladding used for producing said samples (1)-(4) is shown in Table 2. TABLE 2 _________________________________________________________________________ _ Sample No. (1) (2) (3) (4) Component (mol %) Core/Cladding Core/Cladding Core/Cladding Core/Cladding _________________________________________________________________________ _ Stabilizer ZrO.sub.2 0.5/0.5 0.5/0.5 0.5/0.5 0.5/0.5 Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.3/0.3 0.3/0.3 0.3/0.3 0.3/0.3 BPO.sub.4 2/2 2/2 2/2 2/2 _________________________________________________________________________ _ It should be noted that the content of stabilizers is designated in mol % with respect to the total 100 mol % of said major components. In Table 3, there is shown various characteristics of the core glass and cladding glass for the samples (1)-(4). Nd is a refractive index, D is a density, Tg is a transformation temperature, At is a glass softening temperature and &agr; is an expansion coefficient in the Table. TABLE 3 ______________________________________ Sample No. (1) (2) (3) (4) Core/ Core/ Core/ Core/ Characteristic Cladding Cladding Cladding Cladding ______________________________________ Nd 1.598/1.566 1.599/1.566 1.613/1.566 1.601/1.566 D (g/cm.sup.3) 2.85/2.85 2.84/2.87 2.91/2.89 2.87/2.87 Tg (° C.) 447/452 485/500 470/499 446/501 At (° C.) 497/508 445/541 500/539 490/542 &agr; 116/132 123/136 111/135 120/137 (× 10.sup.-7) ______________________________________ In Tables 4 and 5, there are shown the measured results of a diameter (mm), a core ratio (%) and an acceptance angle (degree) for a plurality of samples with respect to said each samples (1)-(4), said plurality of samples being produced with fiber-forming conditions varied. The acceptance angles measured herein depends upon such assumptions that the cladding part of rod lens also contributes to the convergence of light and thus the total of glass including both core glass and cladding glass constitutes a lens. The core ratio means the ratio of the radius of core part versus that of rod lens. It is understood from Tables 4 and 5 that the maximum acceptance angle obtained is 25.3 degrees (see the samples No. (3-10) in Table 5). TABLE 4 ______________________________________ Radius Core ratio Acceptance Angle Sample No. (mm) (%) (degree) ______________________________________ (1-1) 0.25 70 18.4 (1-2) 0.25 70 21.3 (1-3) 0.25 70 19.8 (1-4) 0.25 70 19.2 (1-5) 0.25 70 20.7 (2-1) 0.25 63 20.3 (2-2) 0.25 68 19.0 (2-3) 0.25 64 18.8 (2-4) 0.25 59 19.9 (2-5) 0.25 67 18.9 (2-6) 0.25 68 18.8 (2-7) 0.25 66 20.3 (2-8) 0.25 66 20.3 (2-9) 0.25 67 21.4 (2-10) 0.25 62 20.2 (2-11) 0.25 70 18.1 (2-12) 0.25 70 17.3 ______________________________________ TABLE 5 ______________________________________ Radius Core ratio Acceptance Angle Sample No. (mm) (%) (degree) ______________________________________ (3-1) 0.25 77 19.1 (3-2) 0.25 65 23.3 (3-3) 0.25 70 22.5 (3-4) 0.25 71 21.3 (3-5) 0.25 74 22.8 (3-6) 0.25 72 22.3 (3-7) 0.25 72 21.8 (3-8) 0.25 66 23.6 (3-9) 0.25 -- 22.5 (3-10) 0.25 70 25.3 (3-11) 0.25 63 24.3 (4-1) 0.25 68 19.8 (4-2) 0.25 70 19.5 (4-3) 0.25 70 20.8 (4-4) 0.25 70 19.4 (4-5) 0.25 73 18.6 (4-6) 0.25 73 19.3 (4-7) 0.25 70 19.1 (4-8) 0.25 68 19.1 ______________________________________ In Table 6, there is shown major components of glass for core/cladding used for comparative samples (5)-(8) of a distributed- index rod lens in order to make a comparison with said measured results for acceptance angles shown in Tables 4 and 5. TABLE 6 _________________________________________________________________________ _ Sample No. (5) (6) (7) (8) Component (mol %) Core/Cladding Core/Cladding Core/Cladding Core/Cladding _________________________________________________________________________ _ Li.sub.2 O 9/-- 10.5/-- 12/-- 31/-- Na.sub.2 O 13.5/22.5 9/23 10.5/23 --/31 PbO 2/2 2.5/2 2/2 3/3 MgO 10/9.5 11/9.5 9.5/9.5 12/12 BaO 2/2 2/2 2/2 2/2 TiO.sub.2 5.5/5 5/5 5/5 3/3 SiO.sub.2 58/59 60/58.5 59/58.5 49/49 Total 100/100 100/100 100/100 100/100 _________________________________________________________________________ _ In addition to Table 6, Table 7 shows the quantity of stabilizers added into the core glass and cladding glass used for producing the comparative samples (5)-(8). TABLE 7 _________________________________________________________________________ _ Sample No. (5) (6) (7) (8) Component (mol %) Core/Cladding Core/Cladding Core/Cladding Core/Cladding _________________________________________________________________________ _ Stabilizer ZrO.sub.2 0.5/0.5 0.5/0.5 0.5/0.5 0.5/0.5 Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.3/0.3 0.3/0.3 0.3/0.3 0.3/0.3 BPO.sub.4 --/-- --/-- --/-- 2/2 _________________________________________________________________________ _ The measured results of a diameter, a core ratio and an acceptance angle for a plurality of samples included in said each comparative samples (5)-(8) are shown in Tables 8 and 9. TABLE 8 ______________________________________ Radius Core ratio Acceptance Angle Sample No. (mm) (%) (degree) ______________________________________ (5-1) 0.13 72 10.4 (5-2) 0.13 68 9.6 (5-3) 0.13 74 13.0 (5-4) 0.13 70 10.6 (5-5) 0.13 73 12.0 (6-1) 0.13 73 12.6 (6-2) 0.25 70 14.6 (6-3) 0.52 74 8.5 (6-4) 0.54 72 12.2 (6-5) 0.82 72 11.8 (6-6) 0.55 71 15.5 (6-7) 0.72 73 14.7 (6-8) 0.68 71 15.1 (6-9) 0.75 68 15.5 ______________________________________ TABLE 9 ______________________________________ Radius Core ratio Acceptance Angle Sample No. (mm) (%) (degree) ______________________________________ (7-1) 0.51 72 13.0 (7-2) 0.52 76 12.3 (7-3) 0.50 78 12.0 (7-4) 0.52 73 14.8 (7-5) 0.58 70 12.9 (7-6) 0.50 78 12.8 (7-7) 0.54 74 13.8 (7-8) 0.51 72 14.8 (8- -- -- Devitrification ______________________________________ According to Table 9, it is understood that the comparative sample of No.8 containing 31 mol % of Li.sub.2 O in the glass composition for core is devitrified. It is also appreciated that an acceptance angle can not become large if the content of Li.sub.2 O in the glass composition for core is less than or equal to 18 mol %. In FIG. 4, there is shown the bar graph illustrating a relationship between Li.sub.2 O content and an acceptance angle &thgr;. The abscissa designates the content (mol %) of Li.sub.2 O and the ordinate the acceptance angle &thgr;. The bars 1-4 show the distributions of acceptance angles for the samples (1)-(4), and the bars 5-7 shows that for the comparative samples (5)-(7). According to the bar graph in FIG. 4, it is understood that the acceptance angle &thgr; increases nearly in proportion to the content of Li.sub.2 O. Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-41934 discloses that the difference in refractive indices do not necessarily increase linearly, even if the content (or concentration) of Li.sub.2 O increases. Such tendency, however, is not appeared in the rod lens according to the present invention in which the refractive index distribution is provided by the thermal-interdiffusion. In FIGS. 5A and 5B, there are shown a photograph of an image of grid pattern formed by the distributed-index rod lens according to the present invention, and a traced drawing of a part of the lens. It is understood from these figures that the grid pattern is clearly imaged in the core excepting the cladding, as a result of which a rod lens having a high quality can be obtained. While the embodiments have been explained in accordance with distributed-index rod lenses, it is apparent that the present invention can be applied to distributed-index fibers. According to the present invention, as described above, the glass compositions suitable for producing core/cladding type of distributed- index optical elements may be obtained. Furthermore, using these glass compositions, distributed-index rod lenses or fibers having a small chromatic aberration, a large acceptance angle and a high durability can be produced. Furthermore, according to the glass compositions of the present invention, it is unnecessary to contain a large quantity of TiO.sub.2 as described in Japanese Patent Publication No.59-41934, which is useful for avoiding the devitrification of glass. While the invention has been described in terrns of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
FIT TO PRINT The looming crisis in digital imaging is that the last 15 years or so of documenting social history has not been committed to print. We’re doing more snapping than ever before, but it’s merely the moment that matters now and not what happens next. Probably millions of images currently existing on smartphones won’t survive beyond that device’s lifespan. The brief posting on Facebook, Instagram or whatever sharing platform is currently in fashion is the only requirement, and we move on. It’s not even about making prints at this point, it’s about actually bothering to move images off the smartphone into more permanent storage. OK, so a fair proportion of these images probably aren’t worth saving, but a lot of them are visual records of a particular point in time… and history has already proved that snapshots can be a valuable historical record, far more so than a creative image that’s primarily an artistic statement more than anything else. The vast collection of photography held by the State Library Of NSW, for example, is largely made up of snapshots from the time when photography became accessible to the masses to the end of film. Nobody who simply stored all their old photographs in shoeboxes is likely to have thought they were building an archive which would have historical significance in the future, but that’s actually what was happening. Now those prints tells us, in broader terms, interesting things about fashion, architecture, technology, transport, social conventions and sporting activities. And, of course, they’re records of family occasions and outings, gatherings of friends and personal milestones… equally important if, down the track, somebody wants to document a family’s history. Unless somebody has been very diligent in their cataloguing and archiving of digital images over the last decade (and into the future), these sorts of pictures will be hard to find, if they still exist at all. In the ‘old days’ of film processing every frame got printed, but now we’re very selective about whether an image is ‘worthy’ of being made into a print… probably because we rarely think of anything smaller than A4 size. This means that even at the enthusiast level, very few images are being printed and, I’m prepared to bet, virtually no family-type pictures beyond perhaps weddings and the ‘big 0’ birthdays. My wife is the social photographer in our household and there’s a neat line of photo albums dating from the early 1990s to 2012… then nothing. Even when she switched to a digital compact, she still diligently copied the files to a DVD and had the local minilab make sets of prints. So what happened after 2012? The smartphone, that’s what (and, perhaps not so coincidentally, the minilab closed its doors shortly after). There hasn’t been a print made since, not just because the files are titchy, but because I’m not sure we know where they are. Apple, in particular, makes the process of transferring images between devices so illogical – even in these days of cloud storage – that nobody can be bothered. Yet those albums – and even ones from further back – are often pulled out to recall an event, confirm a detail that’s been long forgotten or irrefutably solve an argument. There’s a tangible pleasure in looking at old prints and it’s all to do with memories… many a dinner party has gone on long into the night as albums are pored over and you’re instantly transported back to that party, holiday or special event. And the medium itself helps here… prints are easy to look at in any lighting, and you can have multiple prints being handed around at any time so everybody is involved and there’s no need to wait until the device gets to you, the screen has gone blank and its owner has to come and help you find the folder again… talk about killing the moment. We need to get back into the habit of making prints just for the fun of it. You don’t have to do it yourself either… it’s still easy to find a camera store that can print from a DVD or memory card, or has a self-service kiosk where you can create your own orders. However, it’s much more fun to do it yourself and, I must confess, until recently I hadn’t printed anything for quite a while, but on a whim decided to make a few A4 prints from a recent trip to Italy. And I was hooked again. Nothing beats a good print, even at ‘only’ A4 size – there’s a lot more to see, people take more notice of the content, and there’s no better conversation starter. A friend of mine prints out all his shots on postcard-size paper so he can give them away to anybody who likes the image… and it’s led to orders for bigger editions. Commercial sales, that is. Making a print is part of making a photograph, and it’s certainly part of ensuring its preservation. If you thought the picture was worth taking in the first place, then it’s worth printing.	http://www.pressreader.com/australia/camera/20170101/282724816563870
I am a full stack software engineer who has been building cyberinfrastructure for computational social science at Arizona State University since 2006; projects include the Digital Archaeological Record, the Virtual Commons, the Social Ecological Systems Library, Synthesizing Knowledge of Past Environments (SKOPE), the Port of Mars, and CoMSES Net, where I serve as co-director and technical lead. I also work to improve the state of open, transparent, reusable, and reproducible computational science as a Carpentries certified instructor and maintainer for the Python Novice Gapminder lesson, and member of the Force 11 Software Citation Implementation Working Group and Consortium of Scientific Software Registries and Repositories. My research interests include collective action, social ecological systems, large-scale software systems engineering, model componentization and coupling, and finding effective ways to promote and facilitate good software engineering practices for reusable, reproducible, and interoperable scientific computation. Dr. Mariam Kiran is a Research Scientist at LBNL, with roles at ESnet and Computational Research Division. Her current research focuses on deep reinforcement learning techniques and multi-agent applications to optimize control of system architectures such as HPC grids, high-speed networks and Cloud infrastructures.. Her work involves optimization of QoS, performance using parallelization algorithms and software engineering principles to solve complex data intensive problems such as large-scale complex decision-making. Over the years, she has been working with biologists, economists, social scientists, building tools and performing optimization of architectures for multiple problems in their domain. I´m a full Professor at Chemistry and Engineering School at the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California in Mexico. I teach computer sciences and software engineering in graduate and undergraduate academic programs. Cloud Computing Security, Network Security ,Software Engineering Currently working on Agent Based Demography. Dr. Chairi Kiourt is a research associate with the ATHENA - Research and Innovation Centre in Information, Communication and Knowledge Technologies - Xanthi’s Division, multimedia department since 2014. Also, as of December 2017, heis PostDoctoral researcher with the Hellenic Open University, School of Science and Technology, and as of 2018, visiting Lecturer at the Department of Informatics Engineering, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, Greece. In 2003, he received his BSc degree in Electrical Engineering from the Electrical Engineering Department of the Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, Greece. He also received an M.Sc. in System Engineering and Management in the specialty area: A. Information and Communication Systems Management from the Democritus University of Thrace, Greece. In 2017, received his PhD in Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering from the Hellenic Open University. He has participated in several national and European research programs and co- authored to the writing of several scientific publications in international peer-reviewed journals and conferences with judges in the fields of collective artificial intelligence, multi-agent systems, reinforcement learning agents, virtual worlds, virtual museums and gamification. Game playing multi-agent systems, reinforcement learning, colelctive artificial intelligence, distributed computing systems, virtual worlds, gamification I’m a PhD researcher at the University of Glasgow working on modelling national identity polarisation on social media platforms using ABMs.	https://www.comses.net/users/?tags=software%20engineering
In the North Pacific Ocean, underwater noise has doubled in intensity every decade for the past 60 years1. In areas of high vessel traffic, killer whale echolocation and communication can be almost completely masked by boat noise2, and can interrupt important behaviours such as foraging, group cohesion, resting, and mating3. Vessel noise can also increase a whale’s stress level and cause them to avoid certain areas2. Haro Strait is known to be a key foraging area for southern resident killer whales during the summer months4. It is also a geographically constrained area with a busy shipping lane, which creates the potential for loss of foraging as a result of vessel noise. Avoidance of key foraging areas due to acoustic disturbance places additional stress on the endangered southern resident killer whale population, whose survival is already threatened by a reduction in prey availability, environmental contamination, and vessel disturbance5. In order to determine how vessel noise impacts killer whale foraging behaviour, the Port of Vancouver’s ECHO (Enhancing Cetacean Habitat and Observation) Program conducted a research trial to slow down vessels through Haro Strait. The Port requested piloted commercial vessels to voluntarily slow down to 11 knots while transiting Haro Strait from August 7th to October 16th, 2017. Previous studies have indicated that slower ships are quieter; a one knot reduction in vessel speed may result in one decibel reduction in vessel noise6. The trial aims to better understand the relationship between vessel speed and sound, the effects of reduced speed on the total underwater ambient noise in critical killer whale habitat, and the potential benefit that reduced speed might have on killer whale foraging behaviour. To analyze the potential noise benefits achieved by slower speeds for different vessel classes, two hydrophones were deployed in the shipping lanes in Haro Strait to directly measure the acoustic signature of passing vessels and compare noise levels before, during and after the trial. Monitoring of total ambient underwater noise was conducted at the Lime Kiln hydrophone off San Juan Island, which serves as an indicator of potential received noise levels by killer whales in this important foraging area. Comparison between trial and non-trial months will identify important factors affecting ambient noise levels. Visual observations and acoustic detection will be used in conjunction with a computer model, developed by JASCO Applied Sciences, in order to analyze the relative change in southern resident killer whale behavioural response. Preliminary results of the trial suggest that speed reduction is an effective method for reducing vessel noise. Approximately 60% of piloted vessels participated in the slow down trial. On average, vessels reduced their mean speed by 2.2 to 5.8 knots, resulting in a 4.9dB to 9.3dB reduction in vessel noise. Every 3dB reduction reduces sound energy by 50%, so this represents a significant improvement! Slowing speed by 40% reduced noise emissions by approximately 10dB, and this relationship is even stronger at 15kHz, the echolocation frequency of killer whales. During the trial, there was a 44% reduction in ambient noise levels when a vessel was within acoustic detection range (6km) of the Lime Kiln hydrophone. These initial findings support speed reduction as a promising mitigation measure to help reduce underwater noise in the Salish Sea. The next steps will include a fine scale analysis of changes in ambient noise levels and behavioural modeling of killer whale response. Stay tuned for more updates in March 2018, when the final results are anticipated! References: - Hildebrand, J. (2009). Anthropogenic and natural sources of ambient noise in the ocean. Marine Ecological Progress Series, 395, 5-20. - Erbe, C. (2002). Underwater noise of whale-watching boats and potential effects on killer whales (Orcinus orca), based on an acoustic impact model. Marine Mammal Science, 18, 394-418. - Williams, R., Lusseau, D., & Hammond, P. (2006). Estimating relative energetic costs of human disturbance to killer whales (Orcinus orca). Biological Conservation, 133(3), 301-311. - Fisheries and Oceans Canada (2011). Recovery Strategy for the Northern and Southern Resident Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) in Canada. Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa. ix + 80pp. - Fisheries and Oceans Canada (2017). Action Plan for the Northern and Southern Resident Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) in Canada. Species at Risk Act Action Plan Series. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa. v + 33pp. - International Maritime Organization (2014). Guidelines for the reduction of underwater noise from commercial shipping to address adverse impacts on marine life, MEPC.1/Circ.833. London, U.K: IMO Publishing. 8pp.	https://wildwhales.org/2017/12/16/slowing-down-to-save-whales-preliminary-findings-of-the-echo-program-slowdown-trial/
Consider a chemical reaction, involving any number of reactants and products and any number of phases, which may be written where Mi represents the chemical formulae of the reaction constituents and Vi represents the stoichiometric coefficients, negative for reactants and positive for products. An example would be where, if MI is SiO2(s), M2 is H2O, and M3 is H4SiO4(ag), and v1 = –I, i/2 = –2, and V3 = 1, the reaction is Now let’s recall (from Chapter 3) what we mean by an equation such as (13.3). If there are no constraints placed on the system containing M1, M2, and M3 other than T and P (or T and V; U and V; S and P; etc.) then M1, M2, and M3 react until they reach an equilibrium state characterized by a minimum in the appropriate energy potential as indicated by expressions like dGT,p = 0. A corollary of this equilibrium relationship, to be fully developed in the next chapter, is that the sums of the chemical potentials of the reactants and products must be equal. In the example, this would be or or in general terms, No notation is necessary for the phases involved because μ must be the same in every phase in the system. However, if more than the minimum two constraints apply to the system, then any equilibrium state achieved will be in our terms a metastable state, (14.25) does not apply, and the difference in chemical potential between products and reactants is not zero. In our example, a solution might be supersaturated with H4SIO4 but prevented from precipitating quartz by a nucleation constraint, so that μ H4SiO4 – μ SiO2 ~ 2 μ H2o > 0. Keywords: density model Oxford Scholarship Online requires a subscription or purchase to access the full text of books within the service. Public users can however freely search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter. Please, subscribe or login to access full text content. If you think you should have access to this title, please contact your librarian. To troubleshoot, please check our FAQs , and if you can't find the answer there, please contact us .	https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/oso/9780195064643.001.0001/isbn-9780195064643-book-part-21
Our clients are of all ages, infants to seniors, and our treatments are tailored to their specific needs. Please find some of our therapy services for Speech Therapy below: Articulation therapy is a form of intervention that focuses on the accurate production of speech sounds to improve speech clarity. OPT is a type of oral-motor therapy used to target specific movements needed for speech clarity and feeding. From a speech (articulation) perspective, one’s oral rest posture is the starting place for all speech sounds. PROMPT is a technique used to assist with the planning and sequencing of speech sounds in words. K-SLP is an evidenced-based assessment and treatment approach for children with apraxia, speech sound disorders, and expressive language challenges... S. L. Hunter Speechworks is committed to providing accessible services to our clients. We will make all client feedback, written information and other forms of communication accessible, upon request. If you require accessible information or communication supports, we will work with you to determine how to meet your needs. If we do not have accessible formats on hand, we will provide one to you in a timely manner.	https://www.slhunterspeechworks.com/Therapy-Services/Speech-Therapy
Automatic detection and recognition of lesions in medical images through artificial intelligence algorithms provides an economic, efficient, and effective computer-aided approach for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis monitoring. Furthermore, it makes a contribution to alleviating the labor intensity of radiologists, compensating the shortage of senior professional radiologists, and providing auxiliary imaging evidence. Unfortunately, automatic lesion (organ or tissue) recognition in medical images remains several challenges: the sizes and shapes of lesion regions vary among individuals; in some cases, obvious individual differences increase the recognition difficulty; high-precision segmentation is prone to the low contrast between the lesions and background. In order to solve these challenges of medical Image segmentation, the research team led by Prof. FAN Jianping and LI Ye from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of Chinese Academy of Sciences has proposed a boundary-aware context neural network. Their research was published in Medical Image Analysis. Fig.1. Examples of different modes of medical image (Image by SIAT) In this study, benefiting from the designed pyramid edge extraction module, multi-task learning module, and cross-feature fusion module, multi-level and fine-grained image features are adaptively extracted, which improved the perception of the neural network on complex structures such as lesion shape, distribution, and edge information, and reduces the interference of surrounding normal tissues, organs, and noise. The proposed method has been quantitatively and qualitatively validated in various lesion segmentation tasks of multi-modal medical images, such as dermoscopy images, endoscope images, and X-ray images. Compared with other deep learning methods, this approach achieves state-of-the-art performance. Concretely, the recognition accuracy for the melanoma segmentation based on dermoscopy image is 81.0%; that for colon polyp recognition based on endoscope image is 88.5%; that for lung organ segmentation based on X-ray image is 92.8%. Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of context-aware deep neural network based on boundary information response (Image by SIAT) "The target areas are accurately located with the aid of effective image context representations. This indicates that our model is able to simultaneously process fine structures and rectify errors, which can assist doctors to speed up the diagnosis process and better the diagnosis precision." said Dr. WANG Ruxin, the first author of this study. Media Contact:	https://english.siat.ac.cn/News2017/RP2017/202203/t20220315_302325.html
Article from a local Dover, New Hampshire news outlet about Piper Bartlett-Browne's expedition aboard the USCGC Healy for the Northern Chukchi Integrated Study expedition. Watch the archive of a live event with PolarTREC educator Piper Bartlett-Browne and the team working on the Northern Chukchi Integrated Study. Piper was joined by Dr. Lee Cooper and other teammates aboard the USCGC Healy for this event. Students will learn about adaptations that allow fish to survive the frigid waters of Antarctica and will make calculations to demonstrate how they survive these conditions. * Students will determine how much antifreeze an Antarctic fish needs to lower the temperature of it's body fluids to -2.5°C. * * Students will develop an experimental procedure to conduct their Craig Kasemodel is joining researcher Lee Cooper aboard the USCGC Healy in the Bering Sea. This live event highlights some of the research and activities taking place on board the ship. There were about 11 parties who joined the event, and there were about 60 students. Anchorage School District newsletter talking about teacher, Craig Kasemodel, deploying to the Arctic as part of PolarTREC. Boerne High teacher to join scientists on Antarctica excursion. 12 teachers, 76 students, 4 ARCUS staff and teacher Sarah Anderson and researchers on board the NB Palmer.	https://www.polartrec.com/resources/search?search_api_fulltext=&f%5B0%5D=expeditions%3A3166&f%5B1%5D=expeditions%3A4347&f%5B2%5D=expeditions%3A44098
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently carry out bundling work of a plural number of wires with intervals on an earth anchor. SOLUTION: A plural number of wires 2 are bundled by a spacer assembly body 9 arranged a specified interval in the longitudinal direction. This assembly body 9 is furnished with a plural number of spacer pieces 10, 20 and a ring 30. Support recessed parts 13, 23 are formed on connecting surfaces 11, 12, 22 of the spacer pieces 10, 20. A support hole 40 to insert and support the wires 2 is formed as the support recessed parts 13, 23 of the adjacent spacer pieces 10, 20 match each other. The spacer pieces 10, 20 in a connecting state are held by the ring 30 inseparably from each other. COPYRIGHT: (C)2000,JPO
We’re Problem-Solvers. Let Us Help. MIT prides itself on educating the best and brightest scientists and engineers — in short, the world’s best problem solvers. Why is it then that the MIT administration’s default modus operandi is to lock students out of the chance to help solve the problems the Institute faces today? The cutting of eight varsity sports is the latest in a line of top-down decisions that have left students as the group most affected but least empowered to help. In deciding to cut entire sports and in deciding which sports to cut, MIT’s athletics department told students to trust that administrators had made the best possible decision — without giving students a real chance to look for better solutions. We appreciate the effort administrators made to keep the community informed through town hall meetings, but there is a difference between having a chance to provide input and having a chance to provide meaningful input. In explaining the decision to cut entire sports, administrators shared only vague rationales while refusing to disclose the numbers behind their decision. When it came to choosing which sports to cut, it was only after the sports had been chosen that administrators shared the detailed criteria of an ancient “Health and Vitality” report giving broad qualitative categories with which to evaluate sports. And they still have not detailed how those criteria were scored or weighted. MIT students have tremendous intellect and problem-solving abilities; it’s what we’re trained to do. And as the most affected parties, students have a strong incentive to help solve the budget problems facing the athletics department and the Institute as a whole. But in order for MIT to take advantage of our creativity and problem solving skills, it must approach its problems in a more straightforward and transparent manner. Without hard numbers and data to look at, the students can offer nothing but blind shots in the dark. Even if, as administrators claim, the data truly points to only the solution they chose, releasing that data can only build student support for the varsity team cuts. We’re rational people, but we’re also scientists, trained to always look for evidence to back up hypotheses. This is why students have protested: we want to see the reasoning behind decisions that could alter our daily lives. By obscuring the data, MIT leaves open an ominous possibility: perhaps the data does not really match MIT’s conclusions, and personal or systemic bias had some effect. Athletics administrators hurt their credibility by refusing to release the reasons and the data behind their decisions. In the next three years, all areas of the Institute will be seeing even bigger cost cuts. If administrators follow the model of the varsity sports cuts, the MIT community will continue to roil in turmoil. But the effects of these cuts on community morale can be blunted by giving students, faculty, and the wider community a chance to do free consulting work and possibly come up with innovative, better solutions. When student issues come up, give us access to the same data, constraints and ranking factors that administrators or so-called “experts” have, and allow the us to put forth proposals. We have come to the Institute because we want to solve problems — MIT should give us the opportunity to solve those have the most impact on our daily lives.	https://thetech.com/2009/04/28/editorial-v129-n22
Today’s spooky saturday story is the one that inspired the Child’s Play movie. In the early 1900s, Robert the Doll was made by a servant and gifted to Eugene Otto. Eugene and the doll were initially inseprable and said to have a freinship that would last a lifetime. It wasn’t long before things got strange, and it was thought the doll was cursed with Vodoo by the servant who made it. The parents were awakened one night to Eugene screaming and the sounds of furniture moving, only to find the boy curled up on his bed and Robert sitting at his feet. On other occasions, they would pass the boys’ room and hear him talk to the doll and hear the doll respond in a different voice. They soon locked the doll in the attic but would see him in the window of the upstairs bedroom. After Eugeen passed away, the new owners of the house had a 10-year-old child who was excited to find Robert. Unfortunately, Roberts reign of terror continued. Robert The Doll now lives in a glass case at East Martello Museum. Are you familar with this story? We watched the Child’s Play movies growing up, but I never knew they were inspired by this story? Now I want to visit the museum, how about you? I would love to hear your favorite spooky story! Be Peaceful, ~Nettie Resources:	https://peacelifeandpurple.com/2022/10/22/blogtober-day-22-spooky-saturday/
Even though little kids can't tell time, their bodies can. Going to bed at the same time every night helps them physically and mentally get into a sleep routine. It’s tempting to change the schedule on weekends or during the summer, but try to keep bedtime consistent. Later bedtimes can make it hard for kids to get back on a normal schedule. Don't use TV or other electronic devices to help kids relax before bed. Shows that have violence, suspense, drama, or conflict may make it hard for them to calm down enough to sleep. Scary shows can even cause nightmares. But even calm content can interfere with sleep. The light from a screen close to bedtime can trick the body into thinking that it’s still daytime. Quiet, off-screen activities are better, like reading, drawing, or listening to quiet music. A bedtime routine with three or four steps helps a child wind down and get ready to sleep. A typical one might be taking a bath, putting on pajamas, brushing teeth, and reading a book. For teens, you may want to sit and have a chat about the day. Just keep things simple with quiet, consistent habits. Parents may not realize that an earlier bedtime results in an easier bedtime. When kids are too tired, they have a harder time settling down enough to fall asleep. Some experts suggest kids have a bedtime between 7:30 and 8:30 through elementary school. For preschoolers, a bedtime chart lets them see all the steps they're going to take before they go to bed. Draw a picture of a bath, pajamas, and the exact number of books you read each night, for example. That will help with last-minute requests for one more story -- you can just point to the chart and show her the number of books on it. When your child is working through his bedtime routine, make sure that all the activity moves toward one place -- his bedroom. Don't start upstairs for a bath, then go down to the kitchen for a snack, then go back to his room to get into pajamas, then head to your room to read a book. It's important that all the action makes him end up in his room. If your child calls after he's in bed and requests something else -- like a drink or hug -- give him one. If he asks again, try a firm "no," or simply ignore the request and silently put him back into bed. Be consistent and patient. You may have to do it several times. But once he knows you mean it, the requests will probably stop. Make your child's bedroom a comfortable place for sleep. Keep the temperature cool enough in summer and warm enough in winter. To control light, get room-darkening shades or blinds. A soft night light can be fine if it makes her feel better. A good pillow will help her feel comfortable. And make sure her bed isn't overrun with dozens of stuffed animals or toys. A computer, TV, phone, or video games in your child's room can make sleeping hard because they have a hard time turning them off. They want to play to the next level or check the next text. Plus, the up-close bright lights keep the body from making melatonin, a sleep hormone, at the right time. When it’s bedtime, have everyone plug in their devices in a common area of the house, and leave them there overnight. Caffeine can make your child so jumpy that it might be hard for his body to slow down for sleep. A 12-ounce regular soda has 25 milligrams of caffeine, but a 12-ounce orange soda or a 16-ounce flavored iced tea can have around 40 milligrams. Be mindful of other sources of caffeine as well such as chocolate and some nuts. Kids don’t need caffeine, so try to keep it out of their diets. If he does have some, avoid giving it to him after midday. Make sure your child gets enough activity during the day so that she's not full of energy at night. In addition to making kids' bodies and minds healthier, exercise helps them sleep better. Just try to make sure they're finished biking, running around, and dancing at least a couple of hours before they hit the sack. It's normal for toddlers to nap until they're at least 3 years old. They need them to get the 12-14 hours of sleep they require every day. Toddlers older than 18 months generally nap just once a day for 1 to 3 hours. Try to avoid late afternoon naps because it can make it harder for them to fall asleep at night. By the time kids are 5 years old, they should no longer need a midday snooze. It can be tough on a parent when kids are begging for one more book or pleading to stay up late. But remember: Sleep is what your child really needs. Hannah Chow, MD, pediatrician, Loyola University Health System; associate professor of pediatrics, Loyola University Chicago School of medicine. Kaiser Family Foundation: "Children's Media Use and Sleep Problems: Issues and Unanswered Questions," "The Media Family: Electronic Media in the Lives of Infants, Preschoolers, and Their Parents." Cantor, J. Journal of Communication, Autumn 1996; vol 46: pp 139-152. Jodi A. Mindell, PhD, associate director, Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; author, Sleeping Through the Night. National Sleep Foundation: "How Much Sleep Do We Really Need?" "Children and Sleep." American Psychological Association: "How to get a good night sleep." MedicineNet: "Hidden Sources of Caffeine." Center for Science in the Public Interest: "Caffeine Content for Food & Drugs." KidsHealth: "Kids and Exercise," "What to Do if You Can't Sleep."	https://www.webmd.com/parenting/raising-fit-kids/recharge/ss/slideshow-make-bedtime-easier
Use this area to filter your search results. Each filter option allows for multiple selections. Search Results: 76 Jobs Loading... Please wait. Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration Oklahoma City, Oklahoma NEW! NEW! Brookwood Baptist Medical Center Birmingham, Alabama NEW! NEW! The Hospitals of Providence Sierra Campus El Paso, Texas NEW! NEW! Loading... Please wait. Registered Dietitian Nutritionist A cover letter is required for consideration for this position and should be attached as the first page of your resume. The cover letter should address your specific interest in the position and outline skills and experience that directly relate to this position.The Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) who fills this role will support care for patients receiving primary care services at Michigan Medicine.Approximately 24 hours each week of this role will be dedicated to provide care to patients with Type 2 Diabetes through The Michigan Collaborative for Type 2 Diabetes (MC2TD). MCT2D is a Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) sponsored Collaborative Quality Initiative (CQI). MC2TD is focused on statewide dissemination of newer strateg Loading. Please wait.	https://careers.chpa.org/jobs/16185263/registered-dietitian-nutritionist
The exact period of the cemetery establishment is unknown. It is marked on maps from the 1900s and as such it was presumably founded in the 19th century. It was closed for burials after WWII, and demolished in 1960. Not long after its closure, a school and a sports ground were built. Some of the tombstones were transferred to the Jewish sector of the municipal cemetery. A Jewish leaseholder is known to have lived in Korosten’ (Ukr., Rus. Коростень, until the early 20th century Iskorost, Rus. Искорость, Yid. איסקערעסט) as early as 1618. A Jewish community in a larger sense only emerged in the 19th century. Korosten’ had a Jewish population of 331 in 1847 and about 1300 in 1897, which was 48% of the total population. During the Civil War of 1918–21, the community survived several pogroms. The construction of the railroad in 1902 caused rapid population growth: there were 4,322 Jews in Korosten’ in 1923, 6,089 in 1926 (51%). Zionists were active until at least 1925. A conference of 90 Ukrainian rabbis, attended by 1,500 guests, was held in Korosten’ in 1926 and a cheder continued working underground. The Soviet authorities promoted a secular Yiddish-languge culture: Korosten’ had 2 Jewish clubs, several libraries, 2 Jewish schools (one with ten grades). In 1925, Jews from Korosten’ founded 7 agricultural colonies in the Kherson District. In 1939, the Jewish population of Korosten’ was 10,991 (36%). When Germany invaded the USSR in 1941, many of Korosten’s Jews were able to evacuate. Over 6,000 Jews were murdered in 1941–42, although some 200 fought with partisan groups in the area. Jewish community life resumed after the war, with the synagogue reopened in 1946, Jews in need received financial support and the community had a shochet. The synagogue was closed in 1957. The 1970s–80s saw a revival of Jewish activism: a minyan gathered illegally, shechitah was performed. Mass emigration occurred in the late 1980s and the early 1990s, when most Jews left for Israel or the US. At the same time, new Jewish cultural and educational institutions were established. A synagogue with a mikveh and a yeshivah were opened in 1995. According to the 2001 census, Korosten’ had a Jewish population of 331. According to the 1994–95 survey of the Jewish Preservation Committee (KSEN), the cemetery was likely founded in the 19th century. It is marked on maps from around 1900. The cemetery was demolished in 1960, and the area was built over. Some of the tombstones were moved to the Jewish part of the municipal cemetery.	https://www.esjf-surveys.org/survey/korosten-old-jewish-cemetery/
When you're constantly advancing your industry and helping secure today's leading organizations, people notice. Explore our cutting-edge information security news and research. Posted by Julian Dunning There is currently an architectural vulnerability within the Windows SMB authentication protocol that affects modern Windows Operating System. The core of this issue is due to the presumptive nature of current SMB authentication methods. When a user accesses a file share or remote file (by typing “file://” or “\\” in a browser or file explorer) hashed Windows credentials from the current user are automatically sent to the remote server in attempt to authenticate and access the remote file. The default behavior of assuming the remote server is trusted allows for systems to quickly access file shares in large corporations so that users won’t need to sign in with their company credentials each time to access network resources. However, this implementation presents a significant security risk to user accounts and passwords. Posted by Kelby Ludwig Authorization is a strange beast. In theory, it appears to be rather straight-forward: a user should not be able to create, read, update, or delete data that it does not have access to. However, from our experience, theory tends to deviate from practice. Missing or incorrect access controls are a dime a dozen for applications we test and this very rarely stems from a complete lack of access controls. More often then not, authorization issues spring up during assessments where the application manages a complex authorization model and an incorrect assumption was made or an edge case was missed. Conversely, we have seen applications that have incredibly complicated authorization models that have zero access control problems. Posted by Josh Abraham Penetration testers and malicious adversaries often focus on using the easiest attack vector to achieve their objectives. One common attack vector that has been around for several years is to use a tool called Mimikatz and steal cleartext credentials from memory of compromised Windows systems. Posted by Elvis Collado Over the course of the past few months I've been traveling around educating people on exploiting embedded devices. My slides alone aren't able to provide enough information, so I wanted to write everything out for people to digest online. The following blog post is "Part 1", which will introduce the reader to the software side of embedded devices. I decided to cover software first since most flaws reside within the software stack, ranging from binary applications to drivers. Part 2 will cover the Hardware stack with a focus on educating the reader on how JTAG actually works and how to leverage Hardware modifications to either bypass password protections or to extract secrets that may be baked into the targeted devices. Posted by Josh Abraham One of the common attack vectors for penetration testing is to leverage an attack known as Broadcast Name Resolution Poisoning. Recently, US-CERT posted an advisory about this attack being used externally. Attackers purchased new generic Top-Level Domains (gTLDS) and setup entries for the Web Proxy Auto-Discovery Protocol (WPAD). This is pretty interesting since it’s an old attack used in a new way. Let’s dive into how Broadcast Name Resolution Poisoning is used during internal penetration testing and go over recommendations for how to fully mitigate all forms of attack. Posted by Kelby Ludwig In my previous blog post covering WhatsApp end-to-end encryption, I spoke about Signal Protocol and how certain design decisions allowed Signal Protocol to be efficient on mobile devices. For this blog post, I’ll cover deniable authentication, how it has worked in the Off-The-Record (OTR) Messaging protocol, and how Signal Protocol has approached this problem. Deniable authentication tries to digitally recreate “off-the-record” conversations in the physical realm. If you tell Bob an embarrassing story in-person and Bob proceeds to tell Mallory about that story, it is possible for you to claim that Bob made the story up. Conversely, if you were to “sign” every statement you have ever made to Bob it would be practically impossible to deny that you told that story to Bob. Posted by Frank Gifford Highlight is a simple utility that creates an image from a text stream, automatically draw boxes around user defined content and automatically blurs sensitive content. Sometimes we have a text stream, such as the output of a configuration file, and we want to include that as an image into a document. At the same time, we might want to highlight a particular string of text that's found and we might want to hide other details that might contain things such as passwords. We could use a screen capture utility and then proceed with marking up the image. This leads to inconsistent boxes around text and certainly does not lend itself to automation. With this utility, the entire process can be automated. Posted by Dylan Ayrey Do you suspect some pins on your device are JTAG? There are several methods out there for identifying if pins are likely to be JTAG or not. One of those methods involves buying a $200 JTAGulator, however there is a cheaper Arduino-based alternative I will be detailing in this post. First I'll explore the expensive way. Posted by Mark Judice It's no secret that spear phishing is a prevalent threat and is making an appearance in many CISOs' nightmares. The Verizon’s 2016 breach digest is out and—for anyone who hasn’t looked through it yet—the answer is 30%. That’s the percentage of breaches from 2013 to 2016 that leveraged social engineering tactics to stage a compromise. Of those attacks, phishing accounts for 72% of them. That means that nearly 22% of breaches in the last 3 years have leveraged phishing in some way or another. It's hard enough to secure external and internal assets... but having to secure your employees too? It’s a scary thought. Definitely something to keep one up at night. Current solutions include improving user awareness through training exercises, minimizing and controlling damage through defined incident response programs, and stopping phishing emails before they ever make it to employees' inboxes through email/spam filtering solutions. We're here to talk about the last one. Using a collection of benign and phishy emails alongside a spam filter testing service called Email on Acid, we've taken a stab at comparing 22 different spam filtering solutions. These tests measure each spam filter's ability to stop spear-phishing emails in their tracks. To anyone afraid of long articles, the “tl;dr” reads something like this: Spam filters are okay. They’re not perfect and not terribly intelligent, but they can be effective at times and represent one layer of defense that should be in-place to protect an organization from phishing or spear-phishing attacks. Posted by Kelby Ludwig WhatsApp recently announced that client communications are now end-to-end encrypted using Open Whisper System’s “Signal Protocol” (previously Axolotl). This has received quite a bit of press lately due to WhatsApp's massive user base, along with the controversial going dark debates. Less importantly, the crypto-nerd in me loves Signal. Because of all of this, I thought I would write a blog series on some of Signal's design decisions that I feel are well-designed.	https://p16.praetorian.com/newsroom/P20
The utility model relates to a tea caddy with a scoop, which can be used for conveniently, sanitarily and quantitatively taking tea. The tea caddy comprises a caddy body and a caddy cover, wherein the outer side surface of the caddy body is provided with a scoop storing chamber, and the scoop is stored in the scoop storing chamber. The utility model has the advantages that the tea can be taken in a sanitary way and can be conveniently taken without the excessive taking, the structure is simple, the manufacture cost is low, and the use is convenient.
You will develop an understanding of the cognitive processes of geospatial knowledge acquisition and examine current visualization techniques for geospatial data. Cartographic and Graphic theories are explored to develop an appreciation of effective map-making with an emphasis on 3D thematic mapping. You will also explore and develop skills in the areas of multimedia mapping, map animation, visualizing uncertainty and the development of 3D and virtual GIS using a variety of software including ESRI's 3D Analyst(ArcGlobe), Terragen, Google Earth/Sketch-Up. Prerequisite(s) for this course - GISC9318 - Spatial Analysis and Spatial Statistics Equivalencies for this course - GISC9312 - Geospatial Models in Visualization The information on this page reflects course details for course GISC9322P in the 2019 Spring term. Find details for another term.	https://www.niagaracollege.ca/courses/GISC/9322/term/1192/plan/P2058/
2020 Designated Hitter The 2020 MLB season will be unusual in many ways. The season will last 60 games and the National League will play with a designated hitter. The American League first adopted the designated hitter in 1973. Since then, all AL games and interleague games played at AL stadiums have utilized a designated hitter. The idea of a universal designated hitter is highly controversial, but there is no doubt it will increase offensive production and reduce the risk of pitchers getting injured while batting or running the bases. As a team that has recently struggled offensively, the St. Louis Cardinals will benefit from the added designated hitter. The Cardinals now have the opportunity to utilize their excess position players and showcase their young talent. It appears that St. Louis will use multiple designated hitters across the season. Some potential occupants of the position are Matt Carpenter, Brad Miller, and a rotation of outfielders. Matt Carpenter As of now, veteran third baseman Matt Carpenter appears to be the most natural fit for the position. The 34-year-old has had a largely successful career behind the plate. In 2013, he batted .318 over 626 at-bats and led the league with 55 doubles. However, Carpenter has been streaky and inconsistent in recent years. In 2018, he hit 36 home runs. The following season, he batted only .226 and hit just 15 home runs. Hopefully, the designated hitter role will allow him to focus his attention on finding his swing again. Another advantage of using Carpenter as a designated hitter would be the opening at third base for Tommy Edman. Edman excelled both offensively and defensively over limited playing time in 2019. Brad Miller Brad Miller signed a one-year contract this winter, adding a left-handed bat to the bench. Although Miller experienced a slump in 2017, he has been at least an average batter throughout most of his career. He split his 2019 season with the Indians and the Phillies, batting .263 over 118 at-bats in Philadelphia. Miller has also struggled defensively at each infield position, making him a good fit for the designated hitter role. If Carpenter doesn’t produce offensively, Miller could be another viable option. Outfielders The Cardinals have an abundance of outfielders, but not enough room in the roster or lineup for each of them to see regular at-bats. This will allow the Cardinals to give their young outfielders more opportunities at the plate and in the field. The Cardinals outfield has been relatively weak offensively, so the designated hitter will also provide the Cardinals with some flexibility to move players around based on performance. Expect to see Dexter Fowler, Harrison Bader, Tyler O’Neill, and Lane Thomas split time in the outfield. O’Neill is likely to spend the most time as a designated hitter. The outfield roster will be even more crowded if and when 21-year-old Dylan Carlson is added to the roster. This will make it easier for Carlson to accumulate more at-bats and playing time this season. Overall Every team will be interesting to watch this season, but the Cardinals certainly have an edge. St. Louis will benefit from the addition of a designated hitter and one of the easier schedules in baseball based on opponent 2019 winning percentages. Whether the Cardinals adopt a more permanent designated hitter or rotate through a few players remains to be seen. Regardless, the 2019 NL Central division winners are poised to remain competitive in 2020.	https://lastwordonsports.com/baseball/2020/07/21/st-louis-cardinals-designated-hitter-2020/
The Kingdom of Poland, also known as the Congress Kingdom or Russian Poland, was created by a decision of the Congress of Vienna as part of its attempt to set up a post-Napoleonic European order. It incorporated lands that for many decades had been the most important centers of Polish politics, finance, education, and culture, and which also had the largest concentration of Jews in eastern Europe. Because of these factors, and because its semi-autonomous status allowed for the development of a liberal policy towards Jews quite different from that of Russia proper, the Kingdom of Poland became a fertile ground for the growth of Jewish cultural and political movements of all sorts, many of which continue to be influential to this day. This book brings together a wide range of scholars to present a broad view of the Jewish life of this important area at a critical moment in its history. In the 19th century, tradition vied with modernization for Jews' hearts and minds. In the Kingdom of Poland, traditional hasidic leaders defied the logic of modernization by creating courts near major urban centers such as Warsaw and Lodz and shtiblekh within them, producing innovative and influential homiletic literature and attracting new followers. Modernizing maskilim, for their part, found employment as government officials and took advantage of the liberal climate to establish educational institutions and periodicals that similarly attracted followers to their own cause and influenced the development of the Jewish community in the Kingdom in a completely different direction. Their immediate successors, the Jewish integrationists, managed to gain considerable power within the Jewish community and to create a vibrant and more secular Polish Jewish culture. Subsequently, Zionism, Jewish socialism, and cultural autonomy also became significant forces. The relative strength of each movement on the eve of the rebirth of Poland is extremely difficult to measure, but, unquestionably, the ferment of so many potent competing movements was a critical factor in shaping the modern Jewish experience.	https://global.oup.com/academic/product/polin-studies-in-polish-jewry-volume-27-9781906764227?cc=us&lang=en
Q: A curious problem with striking similarity to L'Hospital's Rule I got this problem in a book "A Problem Seminar" by Donald J. Newman which caught my attention. I am trying to find a solution and hence if possible please provide a hint only kind of solution. Let $f, g$ be differentiable on $(0, 1]$ and $g'(x) > 0$ for all $x \in (0, 1]$ and further let $f'(x)/g'(x)$ tend to a limit (in the extended sense) as $x \to 0^{+}$. Prove that $f(x)/g(x)$ also tends to a limit (in the extended sense) as $x \to 0^{+}$. By existence of limit in extended sense I mean that the limit is either a real number or is infinite but in any case the function does not oscillate. Update: It appears that the requirement $g'(x) > 0$ is redundant. This is because $f'(x)/g'(x)$ is defined as $x \to 0^{+}$ and hence $g'(x)$ is non-zero and by intermediate value properly of derivatives $g'(x)$ maintains a constant sign as $x \to 0^{+}$. Further update: The condition $g'(x) > 0$ is more for the non-vanishing of derivative $g'$ and this also ensures that $g$ is non-vanishing and hence both $g', g$ are of constant sign (via intermediate value property). We then have $(f/g)' = (g'/g)(f'/g' - f/g)$ and therefore if $f'/g' < f/g$ as $x \to 0^{+}$ or $f'/g' > f/g$ as $x \to 0^{+}$ then $f/g$ is monotone and hence it has a limit (in the extended sense). The difficult case is when there are infinitely many values of $x$ as $x \to 0^{+}$ for which $f'/g' < f/g$ and there are infinitely many values of $x$ for which $f'/g' > f/g$. In this case I guess (but not sure) the $f/g$ remains near $f'/g'$ and the both tend to same limit. I wonder if this line of reasoning is correct. It appears that this reasoning is correct after all. See my answer. Another reasoning goes like this. Since $g$ is monotone and of constant sign it follows that $g$ tends to a limit in the extended sense. If this limit is infinite then we know by a version of L'Hospital's Rule that $f/g$ tends to same limit as that of $f'/g'$. If $g$ tends to a finite limit (including $0$) then we need to show that in this case $f$ also tends to a limit in the extended and hence $f/g$ tends to a limit in extended sense. A: Finally I found a solution myself. I am assuming the following definition of limit of a function. Let $f$ be defined in a certain deleted neighborhood of $a$. Then $f(x) \to L$ as $x \to a$ if for any arbitrary number $\epsilon > 0$ there is a number $\delta > 0$ such that $$\|f(x) - L\| < \epsilon$$ whenever $0 < \|x - a\| < \delta$. Thus a pre-condition for existence of limit of $f(x)$ as $x \to a$ is that the function $f$ must be defined in a certain deleted neighborhood of $a$. If we accept this definition then the constraint $g'(x) > 0$ is redundant in the question. So I paraphrase the question: Let $f, g$ be differentiable in $(0, 1]$ and let $f'(x)/g'(x)$ tend to a limit as $x \to 0^{+}$. Then prove that $f(x)/g(x)$ also tends to a limit as $x \to 0^{+}$. Since $f'(x)/g'(x)$ tends to a limit as $x \to 0^{+}$ it follows that $g'(x)\neq 0$ when $x \to 0^{+}$ and by intermediate value property it means that $g'(x)$ is of constant sign as $x \to 0$. And therefore $g(x)$ must have constant sign as $x \to 0^{+}$. And the ratio $f(x)/g(x)$ is defined as $x \to 0^{+}$. We have $$\left(\frac{f(x)}{g(x)}\right)' = \frac{g'(x)}{g(x)}\left(\frac{f'(x)}{g'(x)} - \frac{f(x)}{g(x)}\right)$$ If the difference $$\frac{f'(x)}{g'(x)} - \frac{f(x)}{g(x)}$$ maintains a constant sign as $x \to 0^{+}$ then it means that $f(x)/g(x)$ is monotone and hence tends to a limit. If this difference changes sign infinitely many times as $x \to 0^{+}$ it means that derivative of $f(x)/g(x)$ changes sign infinitely many times and thus we are led to maxima and minima of $f(x)/g(x)$ and at these points $f'(x)/g'(x) = f(x)/g(x)$. Since $f'(x)/g'(x)$ tends to a limit it follows that the values of $f(x)/g(x)$ at the critical points also tends to same limit and therefore all the intermediate value of $f(x)/g(x)$ tend to the same limit. In all cases we can thus see that $f(x)/g(x)$ tends to a limit.
Customs and culture are like herbs, they deliver a distinctive flavour and colour to life, and can have healing and health-giving properties. We all have a “culture” - a set of beliefs, values, stories, traditions and customs that we feel most comfortable with. Most of us function quite happily in other cultures, but our own is where we feel ‘at home’, where we understand others and they understand us, where we can truly be ourselves. Acknowledging the culture we come from and honouring its customs gives us strength, comfort, healing, sharing and meaning. Don’t spare the herbs in your recipe for life: • Tune in to your culture: respect it, celebrate it, cultivate it and pass it on. • Preserve your memories of ‘home’ – and tell stories that pass them on. • Take part in the ceremonies and rituals that you enjoy. • Keep your language alive. Speak it whenever you can - and pass it on. • Cook the dishes you love - and pass the recipes on. • Immerse yourself in the words, wisdom and stories that give your life meaning. • Open yourself to cultures other than your own.	https://www.ageconcern.org.nz/ACNZ_Public/Customs_and_culture.aspx
Budgeting seems to be going out of vogue in some company circles as financial markets, and the economy at large, is becoming increasingly volatile and more difficult to predict. In the place of budgets, companies have introduced rolling forecasts, flexible budgets and event-driven planning. These forecasting tools afford companies the opportunity to continue using a prospective financial tool without the rigidity of a traditional budget. A recent business survey found that only 11% of companies are satisfied with their financial planning capabilities. Companies become stuck in a budgetary quagmire whenever there are significant changes in the economic conditions related to the company. In these cases, a company budget may seem like a shackle to the company’s ability to react quickly to developments that threaten the company’s stability. Worse yet, is the time spent during the budget-planning process. Managers seldom build their budgets in a week and they are often inaccurate. Typically, the budgeting process takes upwards of a month or longer, depending on the size of the organization and the complexity of the budget involved. This means that the information on which your budget could be outdated by the time it is implemented. Combine that with the unpredictability of today’s economic forces and you may face unexpected challenges. The problem with eliminating a budget is that quite a few companies do not know what to utilize in its place as a financial forecaster. Some businesses have employed rolling forecasts, which are similar to budgets in that they are predictive. However, they are based on current numbers and forecast a set period based on these numbers. Instead of looking at the last calendar years’ worth of data, a rolling forecast looks at current data and applies such data to formulate a prediction of future performance. This methodology regularly updates your prospective financial analysis based on current information and it remains adjustable should conditions vary. When considering the elimination of your budget, you may also want to rethink your calendar-year style method of disbursements. One of the advantages of not budgeting is that you can adjust when you disburse monies to various programs and departments within your company. This can be advantageous for the reason that oftentimes your beginning-of-year estimates do not comport with your actual needs at the end of the year. By divvying monies as needed, you stand a better chance of better spending habits as your departments will not attempt to manipulate the budgetary system as this is much more difficult to do. However, if your business is not ready to eliminate its budget, you can engage in activities that help you budget more accurately and adjust for discrepancies more quickly. Reviewing your budget monthly can help your business create processes to adjust to varying conditions that were unexpected when you put the budget together. You may also adopt a hybrid system that combines budgeting with a rolling forecast model. Use your budget as your baseline and identify trends and changes to business situations as part of your rolling forecast. This gives the hard, fact-based advantages of a budget but still allows you to implement operational adjustments based on emerging trends and data uncovered as part of your rolling forecast. Financial forecasting is one of the more significant activities in which your business engages. Ensuring that the process is accurate and flexible oftentimes can spell the difference between profit and loss. Our professionals have the experience and resources to assist with your budgeting needs. We can identify your budget drivers and make impactful recommendations for budgeting policy and procedures. Call us today.	https://www.walzgroupcpa.com/forecasting-new-way-planning/
Home For The Holidays ... Or At Work? New Study Reveals Workers' Plans for the Final Week of the Year Dec 03, 2015, 06:00 ET MENLO PARK, Calif., Dec. 3, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- Is it possible for employees to spend the last days of 2015 in a state of carefree holiday bliss? Not necessarily, according to new research by staffing firm Robert Half. Fifty-nine percent of workers surveyed will work at least part of the week of December 28 and plan to make good use of the time, with 79 percent expecting to be productive. For staff taking time off, including those whose companies close for the week, 60 percent plan to check in with the office. More than 1,000 U.S. workers employed in office environments were surveyed by an independent research firm for the study. The poll was conducted in mid-November. "Shutting down does not mean shutting off for most companies," said Paul McDonald, senior executive director at Robert Half. "The last days of the year are critical to complete quarter- and year-end projects, make billable hours goals, and get organized for the new year. Additionally, some firms face 'use it or lose it' consequences on budget and headcount if they fail to spend or hire by December 31, so they're laser-focused on these issues." The Robert Half study also found: - Twenty-eight percent of U.S. workers are taking the entire week of Dec. 28 as vacation. Among this group, 52 percent are taking the time off because their company closes for the week. More than eight in 10 report this is paid time off and they don't need to take from their vacation time. - Sixty percent of employees will check in with the office if they're away. Men are significantly more likely to check in than women. Seventy-one percent of workers in the Northeast region plan to stay in touch - the highest percentage of any geography. - Thirteen percent of employees haven't solidified their plans for the last week of the year and don't know if they're taking time off. - Workers in the 55+ age group are significantly more likely to report they'll be "very productive" in the final days of 2015. Their 45 percent is nearly twice the figure of the 18-34 and 35-54 groups (which both reported 24 percent). About Robert Half Founded in 1948, Robert Half is the world's first and largest specialized staffing firm. The company has more than 340 staffing locations worldwide and offers online job search services on its divisional websites, all of which can be accessed at roberthalf.com. For career and hiring advice, visit the Robert Half blog at roberthalf.com/blog.	https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/home-for-the-holidays--or-at-work-300187313.html
What meats are traditionally featured in gyro? Depends where the gyros is made. In Australia, lamb, with chicken a more recent innovation. In Greece, pork. Given that gyros derives from döner kebab, I suppose the Turkish original is beef. Posted on January 21, 2016 September 10, 2017 Leave a comment on What meats are traditionally featured in gyro? What is the name for the ‘condition’ that sometimes occurs when people wake from a coma and can speak a foreign language without any prior study? There is indeed Foreign accent syndrome . And the simplest explanation is the easiest: people wake up with a kind of speech disorder, which listeners match to whatever accents they are familiar with. It does not mean they are speaking a different languages, or that they have been exposed to another accent natively. Pareidolia, the Wikipedia page politely calls it. Despite an unconfirmed news report in 2010 that a Croatian speaker has gained the ability to speak fluent German after emergence from a coma, there has been no verified case where a patient’s foreign language skills have improved after a brain injury. So “speaking a foreign language” outright doesn’t happen. And if someone was going to wake up from a coma speaking German, Croatia is more plausible than I dunno, Madagascar. Like John Nurse’s answer says, you don’t know a new language out of thin air. Posted on January 21, 2016 September 10, 2017 Leave a comment on What is the name for the ‘condition’ that sometimes occurs when people wake from a coma and can speak a foreign language without any prior study? What is the best Greek New Testament? The Textus Receptus is the traditional Orthodox Greek bible, as passed down from Byzantine copyist through Byzantine copyist (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/By… ), into one particular manuscript that Erasmus got hold of, and missing one page that Erasmus translated from the Vulgate. It is distinguished for being the first widely disseminated Greek text in the age of printing. It is the authoritative text of the Orthodox church, but noone involved was making an attempt to reconstruct the original text. The other two major families of New Testament manuscripts are the Alexandrian text-type and the Western text-type. Posted on January 21, 2016 September 10, 2017 Leave a comment on What is the best Greek New Testament?	http://quora.opoudjis.net/2016/01/21/
When should you use brackets in a sentence? Brackets (parentheses) are punctuation marks used within a sentence to include information that is not essential to the main point. Information within parentheses is usually supplementary; were it removed, the meaning of the sentence would remain unchanged. Can you use brackets in academic writing? Writers use brackets in academic writing to add information to a quote without changing the meaning of the sentence. This means that the writer can add words, if necessary, to make the sentence clearer or add a correction or comment to quoted material. What are brackets used for in MLA? Square Brackets. [ ] Used when a writer needs to include additional information to a quotation. Should ellipses be in brackets? If the original quotation says: You also don’t need to use the ellipsis at the end of a quote unless you are omitting words from the end of a multi-sentence quote. Use brackets around the ellipsis in this case, to show that the mark itself is not a part of the original sentence. What can you use instead of brackets? em dashes What punctuation can be used instead of brackets? Dashes How do you use brackets correctly? Rule 1. Use parentheses to enclose information that clarifies or is used as an aside. Example: He finally answered (after taking five minutes to think) that he did not understand the question. If material in parentheses ends a sentence, the period goes after the parentheses. When we use be and being? It is used after ‘be’. I have been busy. NOT I have being busy. ‘being’ is the present participle of the verb ‘be’ and can be used with the continuous form of the verb ‘be’ is all its forms i.e. am, is, was, are and were. Where do we use been? Been is the past participle. Use it after the verbs have/has (present perfect) and had (past perfect). Examples: I’ve been busy lately. What is the use of AT and in? For the most specific times, and for holidays without the word “day,” we use at. That means you will hear, “Meet me at midnight,” or “The flowers are in bloom at Easter time.” When English speakers refer to a place, we use in for the largest or most general places. Where we use be? It is commonly found joining a subject to its complement.As a main verb, be is used to talk about: Feelings and states. For this we use the simple tenses of the verb with a suitable adjective. See Tense and Aspect. What are the 3 forms of verbs? There are 3 forms of verbPresent.Past.Past Participle. Which is been used? Has been used is the correct singular form. The past participle been — indeed all past participles — is accompanied by forms of the verb to have. The present participle being — indeed all present participles — is accompanied by forms of the verb to be. How do you properly write grammar?	https://pegaswitch.com/super-blog/when-should-you-use-brackets-in-a-sentence/
The Center for Lifelong Learning, together with the Central Library of Charles University, organizes a seminar on the topic of promoting ethical academic behavior. The lecturer will be Deborah Novakova, Head of the Academic Skills Center at CERGE-EI, who has long been dedicated to raising awareness of academic integrity. Promoting Ethical Academic Behavior Issues around violations of academic integrity, particularly student cheating and plagiarism, are becoming the focus of more and more practical research. The “Promoting Ethical Academic Behavior” seminar focuses on practical strategies professors and institutions can use to support ethical behavior. The seminar is specifically aimed at the classroom and institutional levels. The seminar is in the pilot stage and participant input after the event is welcomed as we continue to develop the work. The seminar will be held in English. The date: 3rd of October Time: 15.00 - 17.00 pm The room: Small auditorium Contact person: Registration in this link.	https://paedagogium.cuni.cz/PAEDEN-28.html
Hello all. This may sound like a basic math problem for some, but I’m really bad in trigonometry and “visual” mathematics (a.k.a geometry ). I need to compute the hypotenuse and one side of a right triangle, knowing the angle (in degrees) and the non-hypotenuse side’s length linked to that angle. So I made this test code, in a TextField’s TextChange event, to test whether I got it right (I didn’t): dim Angle As Double=val(me.Text)3.1415926535/180 //Convert to radian dim hy As Double=100/sin(Angle) //100 being the known side's length; should return the hypotenuse length dim co As Double=100tan(Angle) //should return the other side's length LblResult.Text="hy="+str(hy)+EndOfLine+"co="+str(co)+EndOfLine+"Angle="+str(Angle) When I input 45, the values seem right, but as more as I increase the input, the more the answer is wrong (for 90 degrees, I’m getting a side of 2.227341e+12, which is clearly wrong; for 80 degrees, I get 567.12). I’ve checked on some websites, but they seem to use the same formula; so I’m wondering if it’s a Xojo issue or if I did the same mistake as the websites I visited… An idea?	https://ifnotnil.com/t/a-xojo-issue-or-im-not-writing-my-code-properly/1383
The permanent secretary of the Ministry of Trade, Regional Integration and Employment on Wednesday highlighted the importance of Certification of Food Safety Management Systems at a one-day seminar held at the Paradise Suites Hotel in Kololi. In her opening address, PS Naffie Barry said certification "is a very important issue in our drive to be more competitive". The procedure by which an independent and competent third party certifies that a product, process or service conforms to specified requirements is what is referred to as certification. Even though certification is a voluntary affair, PS Barry says market forces compel enterprises all over the world to have certification of their products, processes and services to stay in competition. "Like inspection and testing, certification is an integral component of the vital building blocks needed to construct an efficient quality infrastructure and as key stakeholders, you are inevitably implicated in this process of building and benefiting from an efficient quality infrastructure," PS Barry said. "You cannot afford to be left behind; this is why you need to take full advantage of the opportunity presented by this information-sharing on Certification." Mrs Barrie added that government is geared towards the establishment of the Gambia Standards Bureau and the National Measurement System as part of the national quality infrastructure. The Gambia government is committed to upgrading the national quality infrastructure, she said, while thanking the EU, and the UN agencies such as UNIDO and FAO, for funding the West African Quality Program. (WAQP) For his part, the coordinator of the WAQP, Joseph Ndenn, said: "The WAQP is a regional technical assistance programme funded by EU, executed by UNIDO and implemented by ECOWAS in the ECOWAS member countries and Mauritania." The WAQP is established to strengthen the competiveness of enterprises and to ensure compliance with trade and regulations with special focus on WTO, TBT and PSP agreements. Mr Ndenn said the WAQP made an attempt in 2009 to start intervening in Certification by engaging potential candidate enterprises interested in ISO certification. The programme's interventions are designed to support the upgrading of national and regional quality infrastructures, thus the basic components of this national quality infrastructure are standards, metrology inspection, testing certification and accreditation, he says. The seminar on certification for food Safety Management Systems, he explained, was part of the activities being organised in certification alongside the Gap Analysis of the enterprises. "We believe that the seminar will contribute to further raising the awareness of the various stakeholders not only the benefits and costs of certification to HACCP and ISO 22,000 but also the requirements," he said. The participants at the seminar were drawn from the manufacturing and trading enterprises, food business, government regulatory bodies and consumer groups.	https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/trade-ministry-underscores-import-of-certification-for-food-safety-management
Except for the area in use, where the houselights can be dimmed for the event, all remaining areas of the building are to stay fully illuminated during regular operating hours. All lighting shall be controlled by Event Services and may not be altered by the group. If strobe or similar lighting is being used during an event, signage must be posted at the entrance doors warning participants about the lighting effects. Only designated University Personnel is permitted to operate University audio equipment and shall determine acceptable sound limits to be maintained throughout the event. High Decibel Sound: Sound amplified about 80 dB shall be considered high decibel and is prohibited within 100 feet of any residence hall or 100 feet of any academic building during academic class times. Additionally, high decibel sound will only be allowed between Noon and 9:00 pm, unless otherwise approved by the Assistant Director of Scheduling, Operations, & Event Services. Groups are solely responsible for arranging all production needs not met by the University. Event Services must receive in writing any additional production equipment procured by the group at least 14 days prior to the event. This is to ensure that any special accommodation for this equipment can be met. Disk Jockey’s and Bands: DJ's, bands, and other vendors must provide all their own equipment. Event Services will not provide any equipment other than tables, chairs, and power connection cables. Failure of a DJ, band or other vendors to provide their own equipment will prohibit the vendor from conducting business with the University for 18 months, in addition to a policy violation for the group.	https://www.lamar.edu/students/student-engagement/setzer-student-center/room-reservations/policies/1.13-1.14-1.15-1.16-rentals-security-safety-sound.html
Does Apex Legends Support Cross-Platform Play? Apex Legends reached a staggering number of 70 million players worldwide as of October last yearRead full story How internet is changing the game for casinos Gambling has been gaining more and more popularity during the last years.Read full story What is iGaming? Simply put, iGaming is any online game where a person places a bet on the outcome of the game.Read full story Famous figures of the Canadian gaming scene While Canada may be known first for aspects like their sports, music, food, and culture, it also has a very respectable community of professional poker players.Read full story Gaming's popularity continues to rise - but what are the most popular game genres in Canada? As we take our first tentative steps into 2021, it seems as if just about everyone is into gaming.Read full story What online casinos in Canada have the best payout?	https://www.ottawalife.com/games
The information shared on this page is designed to support parents and students to understand the remote learning offer at our academy. More in-depth detail has been provided to parents and children throughout the year through letters, class dojo messages and news updates. If you have any questions at all, please get in touch with us at [email protected] The remote curriculum 1. What is taught to pupils/students at home? We are using a mixture of Class Dojo for the younger children and Teams as our online learning platforms. Class teachers have shared timetables. We are using a mixture of live, recorded lessons and tasks to complete according to the age of pupils. The academy will endeavor to deliver the full curriculum to children, in line with the schemes for learning that children would be following in normal circumstances. Our curriculum offer will remain broad, balanced, and mirror the EYFS, KS1 and KS2 National Curriculum. Whilst we will cover the subjects, there may be some adjustments that need to be made to the existing curriculum for more practical subjects (such as PE, Art, Design Tech and Music). 2. What should my child expect from immediate remote education in the first few days? If children need to engage in remote learning, due to self-isolation, bubble closure or whole school closure, the academy will work hard to ensure that no child is left without work to do in the immediacy. Pupils will be able to access learning through Class Dojo or log into and access Microsoft Teams, to access their lessons and work resources. Pupils will have access to teachers for support and guidance at set times within the normal school day hours. Please see section 2 in accessing remote education below for questions about access at home. Remote teaching and study time 1. How long can I expect work set by the academy to take my child? The minimum amount of time remote education should be in practice for Key Stage 1 (Years 1 and 2) is 3 hours per day. This may be less for younger children. For Key Stage 2 children (Year 3, 4, 5 and 6) this increases to 4 hours per day. This includes live lessons or pre-recorded video/ PowerPoints; the work children are set following these, and other learning tasks such as times-table practice and reading. Accessing the remote education 1. How will my child access the online remote education? All children from Reception onwards have a personal tablet, which can be collected from the academy in the case of isolation. Pupils will be able to log into and access Microsoft Teams, or use links on Class Dojo, to access their lessons and work resources. Please contact your child’s class teacher through dojo or via [email protected] in the first instance if you need any support in accessing your child’s learning. 2. If my child does not have access to online learning at home, how will you support us? Where pupils do not have access to internet at home, we will be in contact to discuss the support we can offer to provide internet access at home or other resources. We will do our very best to support any children without access to a device or internet at home with the support to rectify this. We are doing this through 4G dongles and tablets as part of the Horizons project. If we are unable to rectify this then a child without internet or device access is able to attend our on-site provision, in line with the government guidance. 3. How will my child be taught remotely? We will use a variety of approaches to teach pupils remotely, according to circumstances, topic and age. We will be ensuring that years 3-6 have daily live lessons and check ins through Microsoft Teams, Years Reception to Year 2 have a combination of live check-in sessions with their teacher, live lessons and pre-recorded lessons. Information about how to access this is available by messaging the class teacher using Class Dojo or by contacting [email protected] Engagement and feedback 1. What are your expectations for my child’s engagement and the support that we as parents and carers should provide? We expect every student to engage in lessons as they would in the classroom, and similarly our staff will be checking student understanding regularly. This could take the form of online quizzes, marking/assessment of assignments or work returned by Class Dojo, or through in-class engagement. Student behaviour is expected to be in line with behaviour when in the academy, and additional rules will be in place for things such as microphone and camera use, raising hands, or class conversation through MS Teams. We know that strong parental engagement is important to make this successful, and therefore endeavour to communicate regularly with you around how the remote learning is going. We will be there to offer support on how to access the information remotely around resources, lessons and will quickly follow up any absences or failure to complete tasks. We ask that you support your child by creating a quiet place for them to attend lessons at home, and do not record any lessons for your own use due to GDPR and data protection. 2. How will you check whether my child is engaging with their work and how will I be informed if there are concerns? We will be checking in with children during lessons and responding to the work submitted to ensure we have a good overview of their understanding and engagement. As always, we will be monitoring attendance and checking that children are uploading their learning so we can give appropriate feedback and address any errors. . If there are any concerns, we will ensure we are in contact with you as parents and carers by telephone or class dojo. 3. How will you assess my child’s work and progress? We will be assessing your child’s progress through work submitted daily via Microsoft Teams, engagement through questions in lessons, using online programmes tools and other work returned by Dojo This will help us identify needs of the individual or needs of the class quickly and effectively. Additional support for pupils with particular needs 1. How will you work with me to help my child who needs additional support at home to access remote education? We recognise that some pupils, for example some pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND), may not be able to access remote education without support from adults at home. We acknowledge the difficulties this may place on families, and we will work with parents and carers to support those pupils in the following ways: additional support from teachers as part of teams lessons, small group teaching as appropriate, differentiation within recorded and live lessons; support from SENCO; accessing a place in school if deemed necessary Self-isolating pupils (outside of national lockdowns) 1. If my child is not in school because they are self-isolating, how will their remote education differ from that of the rest of their class?	https://www.oasisacademylimeside.org/curriculum/remote-learning
In December 2022 the world finally delivered one of the most consequential decisions for nature this decade, a new Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), or global goals for nature, at COP15 in Montreal. The GBF consists of a mission, 4 goals for 2050, and 23 targets that need to be met by 2030 to show the world is on track to deliver on the goals and mission. The meeting was postponed no less than three times due to the COVID-19 pandemic and ultimately required four years of negotiations. What we got was a surprisingly good deal – it isn’t perfect by any means, but it still has the potential to be a global game-changer for nature. And for the first time in a long time, Australia played a leading role in improving the agreement. We need to meet or exceed all of the goals and targets in order to reverse nature destruction, they all matter, but here are the some of the key ones: We often talk about the twin crises of climate change and biodiversity destruction - both are urgent threats to the planet, both stem from the same failures, and we have to solve both together or we’ll solve neither. COP15 was billed by many as the opportunity for nature to have its ‘Paris moment’, that is, to get a global commitment on reversing nature destruction equivalent to the Paris Agreement to limit global heating to 1.5C. Biodiversity is too multifaceted to get a single goal like 1.5C, but the 2030 mission to “halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030 to put nature on a path to recovery” is an attempt to define something as clear and measurable as possible. It’s close to the ‘Nature Positive’ global goal for nature many of us were calling for. The current trajectory for biodiversity is rapid and unprecedented decline, so what this mission means is that we have to take urgent action to ‘bend the curve’ of nature destruction so that by the end of the decade nature’s health is improving – species are recovering, there are more healthy forests and wetlands, and we’ve put a stop to the most damaging activities that have created the nature crisis, like deforestation and land clearing. Given a million species globally are threatened with extinction, the world shamefully failed to deliver an ambitious species target – target 4 calls for ‘action to halt human induced extinctions’, but sets no deadline for extinction to end so effectively allows for plants and animals to continue to disappear from the face of the earth through 2050. This is one target where Australia’s leadership was clear. Our domestic commitment to end all extinctions immediately is world-leading, so long as it is backed by the government-led action needed to deliver it. That’s easier said than done for a country that is megadiverse, has a global deforestation front, and has the current worst record on mammal extinctions in the world. It will take strong and ambitious action including new laws that actually protect nature, an independent regulator to enforce them, and a substantial increase in funding to protect and restore threatened species and ecosystems. It went down to the final hours, but we got an agreement to protect 30% of the world’s land and ocean including terrestrial, inland waters, coastal and marine ecosystems. The 30x30 target (Target 3) was easily the most headline-grabbing of all the targets. It’s big and ambitious, and means almost doubling the area of the world under protection in only eight years. It was also contentious because of the history of protected area conservation trampling First Nations rights and disregarding the important land management approaches Indigenous Peoples have practised for millennia that have delivered good outcomes for people and biodiversity. In the end, the target included recognition and respect for the rights of Indigenous Peoples, including over their traditional territories. Australia was already committed to delivering a representative 30% protection of land and of sea, and again our government showed some leadership in Montreal by offering to assist our Island neighbours to deliver their own 30x30 outcomes. Photo: Minister for the Environment and Water Tanya Plibersek at COP15. Credit: Tessa Stevens / ACF One of the big surprises was that we also got a target (Target 2) to have 30% of the landscapes we’ve already degraded, through things like farming and urban development, under restoration by 2030. That’s a big deal, and an essential part of restoring nature to health in Australia, considering we've already cleared about half of Australia’s forest and woodland, converted wetlands, redirected rivers, and covered so much of our coastlines with concrete. It’s also going to need a genuine commitment of funding from governments, the good news is it only needs a fraction of what we already spend on things like the military. And since our economy is completely dependent on nature, every dollar invested in improving nature’s health comes back to us multiplied. Nature is hot right now in business and finance circles and COP15 saw unprecedented attendance from the corporate world. Unlike the fossil fuel company presence at recent climate COPs which has hampered ambition, in Montreal groups like Business for Nature and Finance for Biodiversity actually pushed a more ambitious agenda than most national governments, including calling for mandatory reporting standards and a reduction of negative business impacts by half. Sadly, very few Australian businesses showed up compared to European, Asian, and American counterparts. Like the Paris Agreement, the global goals for nature will set the expectation for responsible business globally. Of course, businesses have largely failed to align themselves with the goals of the Paris Agreement, so the proof of COP15’s success will be in the implementation. That’s why it’s so important that for the first time in a global nature agreement, there are targets that will require the business world to align their operations with the global goals. Target 15 means that governments will need to introduce regulation that requires big business and financial institutions to disclose their risks, impacts, and dependencies on nature through their investments and value chains. Business will also be affected by targets that require them to provide people with the information they need to make sustainable choices (also Target 15); reduce the footprint of consumption and halve global food waste (Target 16); and ensure areas under agriculture, forestry, fisheries are managed sustainably (Target 10). They will be also affected by an end to subsidies that are harmful to nature (Target 18). Of course, the goals and targets agreed at COP15 will only be achieved when they are implemented by national governments. Because agreement on the global goals for nature was delayed by two years, we’ll need to get started right away if we’re to halt and reverse nature destruction by the end of the decade. Over the next year or so, Australia will have to develop a plan for how it will achieve each of the goals and targets agreed in Montreal. Which rivers and forests will be added to our national protected area network to achieve a 30% target that is representative of the biodiversity that needs protecting? Which degraded woodlands and wetlands will we restore first? How much funding will governments commit? And what new laws will be put in place to protect threatened species and ecosystems and ensure businesses reveal their impact on nature, avoid further harm, and repair the damage they’ve already caused? Along with every country that’s signed up to the UN Biodiversity Convention, the federal government will then have to submit its National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) to be scrutinised in the lead up to the next nature COP, in 2024 and then give regular progress reports. We, and the world, will be watching.	https://www.acf.org.au/cop15-delivered-an-historic-deal-for-nature-so-what-next
World debt hits record $164 trillion: Should we be worried? The global economy has been in its strongest upswing since 2011, but there's a monster under the bed. In 2016, the world's debt reached a record $164 trillion, which amounts to approximately 225% of the world's GDP, according to IMF figures from its semi-annual fiscal monitor report. Interestingly, China accounted for almost three-quarters of the global increase in private debt since the 2008 financial crisis. The IMF forecast an expansion of 3.9% in 2018 and 2019 for the world economy, saying that in subsequent years, the global economy could be impacted by tighter monetary policy, and the fading effects of US fiscal stimuli. Notably, the last time world debt figures had peaked to such an extent was in 2009. "$164 trillion is a huge number. When we talk about the risks looming on the horizon, one of the risks has to do with the high level of public and private debt," said Vitor Gaspar, head of the IMF's fiscal affairs department. The effects of the 2008 financial crisis' debt hangover can be seen in the IMF figures even a decade after the world economy went into recession. Governments had to increase spending to boost economic growth, thus adding to public debt. Meanwhile, central banks resorted to unconventional means to ease financing in economies, such as buying bonds. According to 2017 data, one-fifth of emerging economies and middle-income countries had debt-to-GDP levels above 70%, led by Brazil at 84%, and India at 70.2%. Interestingly, despite China's massive contribution to the rise of private debt, its gross government debt stood at 47.8%. Large debts could impede the ability of national economies to increase spending if their economies fall into recession. Additionally, large debts could cause a drag on economic growth. Notably, the IMF said that high levels of sovereign debt could make it difficult for governments to refinance when their debt reaches maturity, especially if financing conditions tightened in the future. More than one-third of first world economies had debt-to-GDP ratios above 85%, three times more than what they had in 2000. Japan had the highest debt-to-GDP ratio last year, at 236%, followed by Italy (132%), and the US (108%). The IMF has asked governments to take decisive actions and rebuild their fiscal buffers so they can increase spending, should hard times come. Additionally, the fund urged the US to "recalibrate" its fiscal policy to its debt-to-GDP levels decline over the medium term. The US' budget deficit is set to surpass $1 trillion by 2020.	https://www.newsbytesapp.com/news/business/imf-world-debt-hits-record-high/story
In this forum and throughout Filemaker’s help system, you’ll encounter the terms “Table” and “Table Occurrence”. In many places, the terms are used interchangeably even though they refer to distinctly different but related concepts. This has generated some confusion among new Filemaker users. Table: A table represents the blue print for storing a group of data items into a single object known as a record. The individual data objects that make up a record are called fields. You can represent this structure with a grid of rows and columns where each row represents a record and each column of data is a specific field, in other words, a table. Every Filemaker Pro database stores its data in one or more tables. These tables can be stored all in one file or different tables and/or groups of tables can reside in separate files. One of the goals of good relational database design is to structure the tables in an efficient logical manner that avoids storing duplicates of the same information in multiple records. Table Occurrence: A table occurrence is the term for each “box” you see in Filemaker’s relationship graph. Each one refers to a specific table and is used to help identify a relationship linking two or more tables in your database. For any given table, you can create as many table occurrences for it as you need to design different relationships linking your tables. This is where the confusion starts for many new users: When you first define a new table in Filemaker, the system automatically creates a matching Table Occurrence with the same exact name places it in the Relationship Graph. Though it has the same name as your table, it is not the same object. In fact, you can delete the table occurrence from the graph and your table will remain part of your database. Likewise, if you click on the tables tab and delete the table, the (now orphaned) table occurrence with the same name will remain in your relationship graph. To see what table serves as the data source for a given Table Occurrence (TO), point your mouse at the arrow in the upper left corner of the TO box and the name of the TO’s data source table will popup. You can also double-click it to see the TO’s data source table and you can use this dialog to change the TO name or point the TO at a different source table. There are buttons at the bottom of your graph for creating new TO’s or duplicating an existing one. An especially helpful button is found just to the left of the magnification percentage. Click on a TO and use this button to “Select tables with same source table” (it should really read "Select Table Occurrences with same source table".) Now use the color palette to assign these TO’s a unique color and you can identify all these TO’s that have the same source table at a glance. Why would I need more than one Table Occurrence for the same table? Frequently, you need to define more than one relationship between a pair of tables. In order to define a 2nd (or 3rd, or 4th…) relationship, you need a new “box” on your relationship graph or there would be no way to keep straight which fields you want to use as keys in each relationship. You’ll also find that you can’t connect TO’s in a “circle”. If you try to relate TO A to TO B and TO B to TO C and TO C back to TO A, you’ll find the Filemaker forces you to create a new TO (confusingly called an “instance” in the dialog that appears) for TO A to prevent such a “circle” of related TO’s. Since Filemaker allows you to reference records in related tables 2 or more TO’s away from your current TO, preventing such “cycles” makes this work with more consistent results and avoids circular definitions. How Filemaker uses a TO to manage relationships: Selecting a TO tells Filemaker what table to go to for the data, it also tells Filemaker what relationships to use when linking to other tables. Thus, you can get very different results for a layout, value list, calculation or portal just by selecting different TO’s even when they refer to the same data source table. Filemaker really needs three things in order to determine what related records to reference in a given situation: The parent table, the related child table and the list of key fields and operators that will be used to match the records between the two tables. If you look at any situation where you select a TO, you’ll find that there’s a way to identify the TO of the parent table. - If you are selecting a TO so you can place a field or portal on a layout, the source table of the layout’s specified TO is the “Parent Table”. - In a calculation field, you use a “from the context of” drop down to identify the Parent Table’s TO. - If you use a relationship to filter the values in a value list, there’s a “starting from” drop down in the bottom of the layout to specify the parent. - In a script, you frequently have to use Go To Layout to specify a layout (and thus its specified TO) before you can successfully use a script step that refers to fields in a related table. In each case, Filemaker uses the TO name to determine what Table will function as the parent table. Once you’ve specified the Child TO by selecting its name from the drop down in the specify field, specify calculation, specify portal or other such dialog, Filemaker can both locate the table that will serve as the related “child” table and also determine what key fields you selected in the Relationship graph in order to link the two TO’s. Some places in Filemaker where you see “Table” and it’s really a “Table Occurrence”: - “Table:” shown in tool bar while in layout mode and used to identify the selected TO for the current layout.. - “Current Table” and “Related Tables” in the Specify Field, Field / Control \| Setup… , Part Definition (“sorted by” field), dialogs. - “From table:” in Go To Related Record script step (as seen in the script editor). - Numerous locations within Filemaker Pro help also refer to “Table” where it should really refer to a table occurrence. - 1. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)mrvodka Nov 18, 2009 6:21 AM (in response to philmodjunk)Michael Harris's Key Concepts Paper is always one of my favorite ones to point new users to. It does a pretty good job of breaking it down. - 2. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)jms_1 Apr 16, 2010 5:42 AM (in response to philmodjunk) Thank you Mr Vodka!!! That is an awesome resource - all newbees (Like me) should read it Cheers Mark - 3. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)nmurphy24 Feb 13, 2012 3:19 PM (in response to philmodjunk) Where can I get a copy of Michael Harris's "Key Concepts Paper"? When I click on the link above, I get "Page Not Found" Thanks in advance. Neil Murpny - 4. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)SamTetherow Feb 15, 2012 9:29 AM (in response to philmodjunk) Not sure if this is the same file referenced above but I found a PDF titled Key Concepts in Filemaker 7 by Michael Harris at http://www.ddbainbridgeassoc.com/upload/images/fm7_key_concepts.pdf - 5. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)solvberg_1 Aug 31, 2012 11:09 AM (in response to philmodjunk) This is a very good explanation. Thank you.. - 6. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)dig Aug 16, 2016 8:20 PM (in response to solvberg_1) Neither of the resources mentioned above are available anymore. Anyone have a new reference that explains this easily, please? - 7. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)beverly Aug 16, 2016 8:36 PM (in response to dig) perhaps eric from DigFM can tell us if the document is still available? Michael was one of the co-founders of DigFM beverly - 8. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)eric Aug 17, 2016 3:37 AM (in response to beverly)1 of 1 people found this helpful I didn't know this about Michael Harris. I guess this explains his recent offer to host the DIGFM database and website: As far as I know, the DIGFM database and collection of DIGFM resources began with me in 2009, after Michael Harris' regular involvement. I do remember him spurring speakers to keep their presentations relevant to the audience. Anyway, I think I found yet another copy of that paper on the Internet: http://www.alquimia-digital.com/filemaker/Key%20Concepts%20in%20FMP7.pdf I uploaded another copy of it here in the Community: - 9. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)beverly Aug 17, 2016 4:42 AM (in response to eric) Thank you, eric! Yes. I was a co-founder, too. And web maven for a while. I first suggested that DigFM 'go FM web published', before that it was just HMTL. BTW, "http://www.digfm.org" goes to a Plesk Control Panel page. You might see that it has a re-direct to go to the WD link. beverly - 10. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)philmodjunk Aug 17, 2016 8:07 AM (in response to philmodjunk)1 of 1 people found this helpful After I wrote the above attempt at a tutorial, it generated a lot of questions so I rewrote it and posted a simpler run at this which has been very well received. You might search this forum for that more recent posting (still pretty old) and read it. The one year newer post may be found here: What are Table Occurrences? - 11. Re: Table vs. Table Occurrence (Tutorial)eric Aug 17, 2016 11:43 AM (in response to beverly) beverly wrote: BTW, "http://www.digfm.org" goes to a Plesk Control Panel page. You might see that it has a re-direct to go to the WD link. Yeah, I know. James Toland has been keeping the name for us, and we're in the process of either transferring it to a new owner or just having him point it to the new server.	https://community.filemaker.com/thread/127118
Family attitudes towards final school exams, particularly the Basic State Exam (BSE, previously SAE – the State Attestation Exam taken at the end of the 9th grade), change once the exam is over, and the chances of passing it successfully are no longer regarded as extremely low. In fact, once their children pass the BSE and go on to the 10th grade, most parents agree that students do not really need any additional classes to prepare for the exam. In their paper Barriers to Passing the State Final Exams as Perceived by School Students' Parents in Moscow, Pishnyak, Associate Professor of the HSE Department of Economic Sociology and Deputy Director of the Megapolis Humanitarian Development Institute (IMHD), and Khalina, IMHD research fellow, summarised their findings from a survey of 1,516 parents of school students from the 1st to 11th grades, conducted by the IMHD in Moscow in 2014. However, many of the parents’ concerns about the final exams may reflect widely-held stereotypes – such as the opinion that schools fail to properly prepare students for the tests. Interestingly, parents of junior as well as senior students share this opinion, indicating that it is formed well before the BSE and USE take place and, quite possibly, "merely reflects a popular stereotype and is only partly based on evidence," according to Pishnyak and Khalina. Most respondents define good performance at the BSE and USE as between 70 and 77 points, depending on the subject; e.g. 71.3 and 74 in mathematics and 73.2 and 76.5 in Russian at the BSE and USE, respectively. These expectations, however, are much higher than the actual average scores, according to the researchers. Thus, in 2013, the average score for Russian in the USE stood at 64.5, i.e. lower by 12 points than the parents' expectation, while in mathematics, the gap between the actual and expected score at the USE was even wider at 24 points (the actual 49.3 vs. the expected 74). More parents expect their children to score more highly in the BSE than in the USE; according to the survey, "more than 40% of parents expect their children to score highly in mathematics in the BSE and only 10% in the USE." The share of parents who would be happy if their children scored just enough to pass the mathematics exam is 7% for the BSE and 39% for the USE; similarly, in terms of other subjects, at least 40% of parents expect their children to score higher than the passing point in the BSE and just 10% to 14% in the USE (10% in Russian, 14% in the foreign language, and 12% in the elective subject). Since the above numbers are based on responses given by parents of students who have and have not yet taken the BSE and USE, they reflect objective post-factum assessments as well as parents' expectations of the exams. According to many respondents, excessively complicated and confusing test assignments are considered the single biggest obstacle to passing both the BSE and USE (57% and 65%, respectively), followed by two other major obstacles, namely poorly designed school courses (31% and 36%) and insufficient time for preparation (18% and 21%). As to other obstacles, their relative importance differs depending on the exam; thus, students’ psychological characteristics and teacher competence seem to matter more for performance at the BSE than the USE (32% and 15% vs. 16% and 10%, respectively); by contrast, students’ lack of ability and insufficient resources to prepare for the exam are mentioned far more often in the context of the USE – 32% vs 19% (lack of ability) and 19% vs. 10% (lack of resources) for the BSE and USE, respectively. By summarising the most common types of responses, Pishnyak and Khalina have identified the three key obstacles to passing the BSE and USE successfully, from the parents' perspective, namely: As far as the BSE is concerned, 57% of the entire sample blame the content, followed by 43% who believe that students’ individual characteristics play a role, and 37% who insist that inadequate teachers and courses are responsible for students’ poor performance in the exam. Regarding the USE, 65% blame the content, 44% mention students’ characteristics, and 41% point to problems with courses and teachers. Interestingly, how parents feel about the complexity of the exam tends to change over time both before and after the exams. As the exams approach, familiies increasingly perceive the test assignments as too difficult (Fig. 1; the rise of the broken dark blue line on both sides of the graph indicating the exam content). However, after the BSE, the proportion of parents criticising the tests decreases (the blue line peaks at above 65% and then drops to 57%). Even though the sample did not include parents whose children have passed the USE and thus finished school, Pishnyak and Khalina assume that "likewise, the USE test assignments may no longer seem so difficult after the exam." A similar change in opinion is observed regarding the "inadequate teachers and courses" arguments (the broken green line). The study's authors examined other issues associated with the school finals by asking the respondents to rate a series of statements about the USE and BSE on a scale of one to five (one meaning 'completely disagree' and five 'completely agree'). The statement suggesting that 'one cannot pass the USE without additional classes' was supported by 41% of the respondents who completely agreed with it (3.9 of 5 on average); the second most popular statement supported by 38% of the respondents was that one must begin preparing for the final exams well before time (3.9 for the BSE and 4.1 for the USE), followed by the statement that preparing for the exams is a major time investment (29% completely agree with it with regard to the BSE and 37% with regard to the USE). In addition to that, about one third of the sample mentioned that all the school students they know were taking additional classes to prepare them for the USE. The respondents were asked about financial investment in preparing students for the school finals; 15% said that preparation for the BSE required a major investment of money, and 26% said the same about preparation for the USE. Comments from focus groups complement the survey responses, in particular by pinpointing the main sources of tension, particularly uncertainty about the rules of the game; according to some parents, the rules governing the school finals are revised every year. In addition, some parents mentioned the widely varying teacher performance – as one respondent put it, "Some [teachers] cover their subject in depth, while some others offer very little." Another source of tension is uncertainty about the exam content – some respondents believe that test assignments may contain questions outside the studied content. Yet another problem is that teachers, starting from junior grades, reportedly use the final exams to pressure students causing stress in both students and their parents. In summary, preparation for the school finals as well as actually taking the exams are stressful for both students and their parents and asociated with an increased workload and investment of time and money. Once the exams are over, however, the formerly perceived obstacles to passing the tests – such as difficult assignments and inadequate school courses – no longer appear insurmountable.	https://iq.hse.ru/en/news/177664619.html
Protests are one thing. Effective organization is another. There has been a lot more “grassroots organizing” lately. We’ve had people marching in the streets, use of small contributions to build a bigger pot, and campaigns that people can show their support for on facebook. None of these are really the kind of effort that builds an organization or lends themselves to strategic operations. They are instead a show of force – a demonstration that people are already onboard and committed to the cause. Building a lasting operation is a very different thing altogether. The easiest strategic planning examples always involve community organization. When the need is defined geographically, it has boundaries and definitions. People also have a stake, both monetary and emotional, invested in the built-up world that fits within the lines of the ‘hood. Where strategic planning comes into play is when things may have changed within those boundaries. That is where there is no substitute for what is often called a “Needs Assessment” – walking and talking and listening to people to find out what’s really going on. Take a community organization has been offering a variety of services and programs for years. Participation remains high and client surveys are very positive. Is that good enough? Not if a new need has come in, especially if the population is changing. The beauty of community organizations is that while the boundaries might be obvious, the skills required to serve well within that area are as diverse as the needs. You have to ask the people who have not shown up why they aren’t there as much as you ask your existing clients if you want to have a long-term focus. Issue organizing can be very different because people may not be as invested in the cause. The territory can also drift a bit if people have an angle on your issue that really sells it in ways that you never anticipated. You may even have something that no one cares about, in which case you have to convince people or drop the matter. The only way to find out is to ask. None of this has a lot to do with government upfront. FDR famously told people who lobbied him, “You’ve convinced me – now go out and put pressure on me”. What he meant was that you can never expect representative government to take the lead on an issue because, very simply, it has a limited ability to listen to people and their real needs. Organizing is the only way that small voices can be heard, and if the matter is a bit out of the mainstream it takes an organization with a clear strategic goal to make a big change. You can’t be in it for the short haul – and nothing builds an organization better than shared work. You have to start someplace. Political organizing also has very strong limits. If you want to win an election against an incumbent, which is to say make a change, there are really only two avenues that work. One is that they’ve lost touch with the community, which is to say the challenger has walked and talked the streets, or there is a wedge issue, meaning that something which resonates with voters has been identified. There still has to be a strategic focus, and it always comes down to walk and talk one way or another. Large companies are really no different than government when it comes to strategic focus. “Undercover CEO” is a new show that premiered just after the Superbowl which puts the reality into reality teevee. The CEO of Waste Management went in disguise into his own company to hear just how the grand plans of the corporation worked on the ground. They had everything going for them as an organization, including well defined goals, shared history of working together, and incentive in the form of a paycheck. But it took some walk and talk time for the CEO to understand the limits on his employees. Organizations need strong leadership and clear vision to thrive, especially in changing times. What is often less obvious is that this comes from an understanding that is, literally, pedestrian in origin. A useful strategic plan comes from the people that it serves and reflects back to them in clear, concise language. Anything else is unlikely to be successful. This entry was posted in People & Culture, Politics and tagged change, organizing, Politics. Bookmark the permalink. Managers need to get out of the meetings and see what is really happening. Simple as that.	https://erikhare.com/2017/02/24/walk-talk/
Introduction of Efficiency of Transformer Transformers form the most important link between supply systems and load. Transformer’s efficiency directly affects its performance and aging. The transformer’s efficiency, in general, is in the range of 95 – 99 %. For large power transformers with very low losses, the efficiency can be as high as 99.7%. The input and output measurements of a transformer are not done under loaded conditions as the wattmeter readings inevitably suffer errors of 1 – 2%. So for the purpose of efficiency calculations, OC and SC tests are used to calculate rated core and winding losses in the transformer. The core losses depend on the transformer rated voltage, and the copper losses depend on the currents through the transformer primary and secondary windings. Hence transformer efficiency is of prime importance to operate it under constant voltage and frequency conditions. The rise in the temperature of the transformer due to heat generated affects the life of transformer oil properties and decides the type of cooling method adopted. The temperature rise limits the rating of the equipment. The efficiency of transformer is simply given as: - The output power is the product of the fraction of the rated loading (volt-ampere), and power factor of the load - The losses are the sum of copper losses in the windings + the iron loss + dielectric loss + stray load loss. - The iron losses include the hysteresis and eddy current losses in the transformer. These losses depend on the flux density inside the core. Mathematically, Hysteresis Loss : Eddy Current Loss : Where kh and ke are constants, Bmax is the peak magnetic field density, f is the source frequency, and t is the thickness of the core. The power ‘n’ in the hysteresis loss is known as Steinmetz constant whose value can be nearly 2. - The dielectric losses take place inside the transformer oil. For low voltage transformers, it can be neglected. - The leakage flux links to the metal frame, tank,etc. to produce eddy currents and are present all around the transformer hence called stray loss, and it depends on the load current and so named as ‘stray load loss.’ It can be represented by resistance in series to the leakage reactance. Efficiency Calculation of the Transformer The equivalent circuit of transformer referred to primary side is shown below. Here Rc accounts for core losses. Using Short circuit(SC) test, we can find the equivalent resistance accounting for copper losses as Let us define x% be the percentage of full or rated load ‘S’ (VA) and let Pcufl(watts) be the full load copper loss and cosθ be the power factor of the load. Also, we defined Pi (watts) as core loss. As copper and iron losses are major losses in the transformer hence only these two types of losses are taken into account while calculating efficiency. Then the efficiency of transformer can be written as : Where, x2Pcufl = copper loss(Pcu) at any loading x% of full load. The maximum efficiency (ηmax) occurs when the variable losses equal to the constant losses. Since the copper loss is load dependent, hence it is a variable loss quantity. And the core loss is taken to be the constant quantity. So the condition for maximum efficiency is : Now we can write maximum efficiency as : This shows that we can obtain maximum efficiency at full load by proper selection of constant and variable losses. However, it is difficult to obtain maximum efficiency as copper losses are much higher than the fixed core losses. The variation of efficiency with loading can be represented by figure below : We can see from the figure that the maximum efficiency occurs at unity power factor. And the maximum efficiency occurs at same loading irrespective of power factor of the load. All Day Efficiency of Transformer It is an energy-based efficiency calculated for distribution transformers. Unlike power transformer which is switched in or out depending on the load handled by it, a distribution transformer loading continuously fluctuates for 24 hours a day. As core losses are independent of load, the all-day efficiency depends on the copper losses.We define it as the ratio of output energy delivered to input energy for a 24 hour cycle. High energy efficiencies are achieved by restricting core flux densities to lower values (as the core losses are dependent on flux density) by using relatively larger cross-section or larger iron/copper weight ratio.	https://www.electrical4u.com/efficiency-of-transformer/
Religious Studies is a subject for the curious: for those people who always ask ‘Why?’; those who are not content to just accept things at face value, but enjoy digging deeper, beyond the stereotype or the preconceived idea, to reach the heart of a topic. \| \| In Religious Studies, students develop skills such as analysis, critical thinking, debate and argument, as well as empathy and respect. They build a solid foundation of religious literacy (understanding the key teachings of all the major world religions), and use this to engage in thoughtful debate and reflection. They are taught how to construct strong arguments. What will I learn? \|Years 9, 10 and 11\| \| \| Students study the key beliefs and practices of Christianity and the other major world religions. They apply this knowledge when exploring religious, philosophical and ethical studies in topics including:	http://withernseahigh.org.uk/religious-studies-ks4
Many of the positions on this list require a body of knowledge not covered in the typical college curriculum. A textbook on how to carry out the duties and responsibilities of a police or fire chief, for example, would be a poor substitute for real-world experience gained on the job. In lieu of a bachelor’s degree, most police chief positions and other high-paying jobs in such non-academic fields require years of experience, training, and advancement through the ranks. In high-paying professions for which there are no degree-granting programs associated with the discipline — gaming manager and commercial airline pilot, for example — there often is a professional association that offers an alternative form of credentialing. To work as a captain, mate, or pilot of a water vessel, candidates must have a license administered by the U.S. Coast Guard. In some cases, the duration of the certification process is nearly as long as the four-year college experience. To apply for a nuclear power plant operator’s license, for example, candidates must have at least three years experience working in a power plant, and they must have spent at least six months at the plant in which they seek employment. While not a formal requirement, employers in some fields may prefer candidates with some college experience. For example, college-level courses in electronics and electrical engineering may provide a beneficial foundation for on-the-job training in electrical repair positions. Approximately 41% of all police detectives and criminal investigators have taken some college courses without graduating. While these higher-paying jobs do not require a college degree, like a great deal of blue collar work, these jobs appear to be disappearing. Of the 50 jobs on this list, 16 are projected to shrink between 2016 and 2026. All but nine of the 50 will either decrease in total employment or increase less than the national 7.4% growth rate over that period. Methodology To identify the highest paying jobs that do not require a college degree, 24/7 Wall St. reviewed annual median wage estimates for all occupations from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor. Wage data are from the May 2017 survey. The typical education needed to enter the 50 occupations listed — high school diploma or equivalent, no formal education credential, postsecondary nondegree award, and some college but no degree — came from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ 2014 Employment Projections program. The share of workers 25 and older that completed each major tier of education — no formal education through a doctoral or professional degree — also came from the BLS Employment Projection Program. Full- and part-time occupations are counted across all employment types, including federal, state, and local governments, as well as all private establishments. The Employment Projections program includes self-employed workers. The OES excludes self-employed workers.	https://247wallst.com/special-report/2018/06/14/highest-paying-jobs-you-can-get-without-a-college-degree-2/12/
Surgeon's professional relationship with colleagues, staff broke down, hearing tribunal found The Supreme Court of Canada has dismissed the application for leave to appeal filed by an Alberta orthopedic surgeon who was suspended for allegedly engaging in a pattern of disruptive conduct amounting to unprofessional conduct over an 11-year period. The Supreme Court’s decision, Mohammed Al-Ghamdi v. College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta, 2020 CanLII 102981 (SCC), was released on Dec. 23, 2020. The Hearing Tribunal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta determined that the doctor’s dealings with colleagues and staff at the Queen Elizabeth II Hospital in Grande Prairie had broken down his professional relationship with them and had breached his obligations under s. 52 of the Canadian Medical Association Code of Ethics, as well as under Standards of Practice No. 3 and No. 28 established under Alberta’s Health Professions Act. In particular, the hearing tribunal found that the doctor failed to abide by the hospital’s on-call schedule and procedures for orthopedic surgery, failed to cooperate with colleagues and staff so that surgical cases would be done on the basis of medical need for urgent care and failed to adhere to the applicable dispute resolution processes. He also made nursing staff open sterilized packs of surgical instruments which were not reasonably required for his current procedure, the hearing tribunal said. The doctor was also found to have cultivated a culture of fear and distrust by filing complaints to the Alberta Human Rights Commission and to professional regulation bodies, by filing several complaints to hospital administration and to the health authority and by initiating or threatening to initiate legal action. The doctor appealed from the November 2018 decision of the Council Review Panel of the College, which made a finding of professional misconduct and imposed certain sanctions, such as a three-year suspension of the doctor’s licence to practice medicine, to the Court of Appeal of Alberta in Edmonton. The Alberta Court of Appeal’s decision, Al-Ghamdi v College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta, 2020 ABCA 71, released in February 2020, stated that the hearing tribunal and the review panel had inappropriately relied on some of the evidence relating to one example of the doctor allegedly failing to cooperate with colleagues and staff to ensure that cases would be conducted on the basis of medical need for urgent care, as well as focused too much on the doctor’s complaint to the Alberta Human Rights Commission. However, the appeal court still opted to dismiss the appeal, finding no reviewable error. The appeal court said that the hearing tribunal’s and the review panel’s errors were not enough to overcome the overall finding of professional misconduct considering the other evidence of the doctor’s alleged disruptive conduct. The doctor contended that disruptive behaviour should not constitute unprofessional conduct under the Health Professions Act. The appeal court said that the definition of the term under the Act is conceptual and is not meant to provide a detailed list of all acts and omissions that would amount to unprofessional conduct. The appeal court found that the charge against the doctor would, as a matter of law, fall within the definition of professional misconduct, which includes workplace conduct with a serious detrimental effect on the delivery of patient care and on the operations of the healthcare facility. The hearing tribunal did not intend to treat disruptive behaviour as a separate category of professional misconduct, but instead treated the term as an appropriate description of the pattern of the doctor’s misconduct, the appeal court stated. As to the sanctions, the appeal court said that while the length of suspension was disproportionate to the offence, this issue was moot. The other sanctions imposed included undergoing a comprehensive assessment program and a recommended course of therapy.	https://www.canadianlawyermag.com/practice-areas/medical-malpractice/scc-denies-appeal-of-doctor-charged-with-cultivating-culture-of-fear-in-hospital-disruptive-conduct/336790
The City Bar’s building is open on a limited, appointment-only basis. To schedule a visit, and for the latest on how the City Bar is responding to the coronavirus, click here. Job Listing: Development Officer Job Title: Development Officer The Cyrus R. Vance Center for International Justice The Vance Center is a non-profit program of the New York City Bar Association that brings together leading law firms and other partners worldwide to pioneer international justice initiatives and provide pro bono legal representation to social justice NGOs. The Vance Center advances global justice by engaging lawyers across borders to support civil society and an ethically active legal profession. With a staff of 10 lawyers and 2 other professionals, the Vance Center operates various programs (1) providing pro bono representation, in partnership with more than 170 law firms worldwide, to civil society and international organizations in the areas of the environment, human rights, and good governance, and (2) promoting diversity, pro bono practice, ethics, and public interest law education, particularly in the Latin American and sub-Saharan African legal professions. For more information: https://www.vancecenter.org/ The Vance Center has annual revenue of approximately $1.2 million, mostly from contributions by individuals, particularly members of the Vance Center Committee and the law firms where the Committee members work. Additional funding comes from public and corporate foundations, as well as government programs. The Bar Association provides administrative services. The Committee also provides strategic and program guidance and facilitates member participation. The Position The Development Officer will report to the Vance Center Executive Director and be responsible for developing the organization’s fundraising strategy and overseeing its implementation, with the support of the Fundraising Sub-Committee of the Vance Center Committee and in coordination with the Development and Communications Manager of the Bar Fund. This is a new position for the Vance Center. In particular, the Development Officer will lead the Vance Center’s efforts to expand the donor base and increase the sources of revenue from public, private, and family foundations, corporations, and appropriate government initiatives. The Development Officer also will coordinate ongoing outreach to individual contributors and consider ways to extend this outreach to others. In planning and implementing fundraising efforts, the Development Officer will collaborate closely with the Vance Center colleagues who direct and manage its programs, including the Human Rights and Access to Justice, Environment, and Good Governance programs, the Women in Profession program, the Pro Bono Promotion program, Keep Families Together, and the Lawyers Council for Civil and Economic Rights in the Americas. The Development Officer will collaborate with Vance Center colleagues and the Communications Sub-Committee of the Vance Center Committee to develop strategic communications messaging and materials to support fundraising strategies and to highlight the organization’s mission and impact. Responsibilities - Develop and implement a fundraising strategy with program-based concepts, goals, and plans - Engage, develop and cultivate relationships, and regularly follow through with public, private, and family foundations, as well as corporations and government agencies, to identify and pursue grant and other funding opportunities - Maintain donor and contributor management database Salesforce, ensuring professional data management - Develop concepts, proposals, and materials for strategic communications messaging, aligned with the fundraising strategy - Create and implement an events and outreach strategy that introduces the Vance Center’s work to new audiences, including speaking opportunities for Vance Center staff and Committee members at relevant conferences and other events - Plan, draft, review, and submit letters of inquiry, grant applications, including narrative proposals and proposed budgets, and grant reports - Over the first year, take the lead in securing at least $250,000 in grants and/or contributions from public, private, and family foundations, and government initiatives, including new sources, ideally with multi-year commitments of comparable amounts - Starting in the second year, take the lead in securing annually at least $500,000 in grants and/or contributions from public, private, and family foundations, and government initiatives, ideally with multi-year commitments of comparable amounts Qualifications - Bachelor’s degree required, with master’s degree preferred - At least five years of experience in nonprofit development and fundraising, preferably at one or more social justice research and advocacy organizations, including: - Developing and implementing fundraising strategies and plans - Conceptualizing, writing, and presenting donor and grant proposals and reports - Organizing fundraising and awareness building events - Developing strategic communications messaging and materials to support fundraising efforts - Demonstrated ability or proven track record of securing four-, five-, six-figure gifts from both institutional and individual donors - Excellent English-language research, writing, and oral communication skills, as well as attention to detail - Strong external relationship building with emotional intelligence and persuasive communications - Team oriented, including ease of working with colleagues and partners from varied backgrounds and collaborating in virtual groups - Strong organizational skills and ability to work quickly and effectively under pressure, to manage multiple tasks, and to meet tight deadlines - Strong digital technology and social media knowledge and skills - Familiarity with international policy issues, preferably including experience with law and/or human rights - Authorization to work in the United States (we are interested in every qualified candidate who is eligible to work in the United States; however, we are not able to sponsor visas for this position) - Willingness to travel, both domestically and internationally Competitive public interest salary commensurate with skills, experience, and size of our organization, with ongoing recognition of achievement. We provide a competitive benefits package, including generous paid time off (vacation, personal, sick time, holidays, day off for volunteer work, extra time off in summer), choice of medical plans, dental, vision, 401K, life insurance, commuter benefits, Employee Assistance Program, short-term/long-term disability insurance and employee discounts, among others. Work will be remote until Vance Center employees return to the Association’s building. Application instructions: Applications are welcome until April 12, 2021, and will receive consideration as received, until a qualified candidate is hired. To apply, please email a resume, a cover letter with salary expectations, and a list of three references to [email protected]. In the subject line please write "Development Officer". No phone calls please. The Vance Center is a proud equal opportunity and affirmative action employer. We encourage diverse candidates to apply. It is our policy to ensure equal employment opportunity without discrimination or harassment on the basis of race, color, creed, age, national origin, alienage or citizenship status, gender (including gender identity and sexual harassment), sexual orientation, disability, arrest or conviction record, pregnancy, credit history, salary history, caregiver status, marital status, partnership status, or status as a victim of domestic violence, stalking and sex offenses, religion, sex, genetic information, military status, unemployment status or any other characteristic as protected by law. With regard to the Americans with Disabilities Act and other related laws, we will endeavor to make reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities.	https://www.nycbar.org/about/employment/job-listing-development-officer
Andrew Jackson's stated his greatest achievement was destroying the Bank of The United States, which was a central bank that's exactly the equivalent of The Federal Reserve Bank that's currently in place. In doing so, he greatly aided our nation’s victory in the war. Andrew Jackson was the 7th president of the United States. Andrew Jackson - Andrew Jackson - Jacksonian Democracy: The election of 1828 is commonly regarded as a turning point in the political history of the United States. Andrew Jackson's election in 1828 is described as The Revolution of 1828. Andrew Jackson Timeline Timeline Description: Andrew Jackson was the seventh president in America. Andrew Jackson Accomplishments in Presidency By:Gianna Millan During Andrew Jackson's presidency he made little accomplishments he had implemented the theory of rotation in office. The pros and cons of Andrew Jackson as President are debatable in retrospect. Andrew Jackson was born in the Waxhaws wilderness, somewhere along the border of North and South Carolina. This led to the procurement of millions of acres in the present-day southern United States, including Florida. Along with his brother Robert, he was taken prisoner by the British and nearly starved to death. General Andrew Jackson. During the War of 1812 General Andrew Jackson led his troops through enemy territory to victory in several tide-turning battles. Family Life, the Law, Business and Politics: 1767-1811 A timeline from Andrew Jackson’s birth through his marriage and early career in the new nation. 10 Things You May Not Know About Andrew Jackson While John F. Kennedy was the first Irish-Catholic president, Andrew Jackson was the first chief executive with roots in the Emerald Isle. He grew up in a poor family and his father left his mother. With his quick temper, he would always pick fights with everyone at the "drop of a hat and he would even drop the hat at times." Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States from 1829 to 1837, seeking to act as the direct representative of the common man. In 1780, at the age of 13, Jackson joined the local militia during the American Revolutionary War. Also President Jackson managed to reduce the federal debt to $33,733.05 which was the lowest debt had been since 1791. He was a well-known war hero, and his nickname was "Old Hickory" because he was tough as wood. It brought to power the first American President not rooted in the Eastern aristocracy. He is remembered for many good points in his presidency, but also for several bad points. He was born to a poor family and his father died at 29, just three weeks after Andrew was born. How To Avoid Using Second Person In Writing , 7sage Law School Applications , Orange Anime Studio , Paraphrasing Practice Worksheet , Linen Paper Without Watermark , Personal Essay About Curiosity , Harvard Referencing In-text Quote , Biology Past Papers , Julius Caesar Timelineillinois State Transfer Scholarships , Marketing Internship Reflection Paper , Climate Change Thesis Statement , Sustainable Architecture Google Scholar , The Crucible Act 2 Questions And Answers Pdf , Labour Day Usa , How To Cite A Book APA , Business Report Writing Services , Psychological Need For Religion , Parents Advice Essay , Letter Writing Stationery Kits , Igcse Art Top In The World , Types Of Qualitative Research Methods Pdf , Custom Butter Molds , Droid Sans Mono , Citation Checker Chicago , Cheap Sandwich Fillings , Mass Incarceration For Dummies , Commercial Kitchen Slideshare , Charlotte's Web Project , Uchicago Video Introduction , The Debate About Animal Testing Gail Terp , Thesis Statement Examples For Serial Killers , 200 Word Short Story Competition , How To Say You Are A Good Leader On A Resume , Ronald Mcdonald House Philadelphia , Hitler's Panzers East , Tyler Durden Twitter , Gaia Cornwall Twitter , Script Font Alphabet , Cross My Heart , Portrait Photography Quotes , Be A Good Person Quotes , Berlin Wall Instagram Captions ,	http://www.ecophoto.de/9gcc5l1.php?a59fd7=andrew-jackson-accomplishments
Animals that are kept as pets rely on their human owners for complete care, including grooming, feeding, dental care, and entertainment among many other things. Understanding your pet’s daily needs will allow for better communication and understanding between you and your pet. The following pages offer information about routine care for animals and how to adjust to living with your pet. Related Procedures Connect With Us Contact Us We encourage you to contact us with any questions or comments you may have. Please call our office or use the quick contact form below. Ready to come in for an appointment? Contact us today!	https://www.essingtonroadanimalhospital.com/you-and-your-pet/living-together/
The invention provides an electric automobile and a battery management system thereof. The system comprises a mainboard, a plurality of sub boards and a plurality of battery monomers, the mainboard acquires the message quantity and recurrence rate corresponding to each sub board sent by each sub board in the same network in a certain time period so as to calculate a bus load rate of a CAN bus in the time period; the mainboard also obtains the temperature information and voltage information of the battery monomer corresponding to each sub board in the time period, the mainboard/sub board calculates the score of the each board according to the score parameters obtained by using a sorting algorithm according to a variance of an average temperature and a variance of an average voltage of the sub board in a certain time period so as to obtain the priority of the sub board; and the mainboard judges whether the bus load rate is in an expected range or not, and dynamically adjusts the frequency of sending messages by each sub board according to the priority of each sub board when the bus load rate exceeds the expected range. The battery management system can reduce the bus load rate according to the data weight, achieves the reliability and safety of message information transmission of each sub board, and further improves the performance of the electric automobile.
WELCOME TO THE EURORACK DRUM MACHINE The Pittsburgh Modular Lifeforms Percussion Sequencer is a seriously featured, 4 channel eurorack beat programmer with a classic drum machine style interface. The familiar interface allows for quick mastery of all the features leaving the focus on the music. Seamlessly move around the module tweaking patterns and effects without ever stopping the beat. Easily create new patterns using the live performance or step recording modes, then add one of the powerful pattern effects to each channel to take the sequence to a new level. Eurorack drum programming has come to life. Lifeforms Percussion Sequencer Features include:	https://pittsburghmodular.com/news/2016/9/12/introducing-the-lifeforms-percussion-sequencer
Technology Plan The district technology plan meets the benchmark standards described by the Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. The goals of the Blueprint for Technology Planning 2009-2014 address the local needs and requirements of the instructional program and administrative management. Goal 1: Technology and information literacy skills will be integrated into teaching and learning in all curricular areas to provide students with increased opportunities to practice and meaningfully apply these skills in real life situations. Goal 2: The Infrastructure, hardware, software, and technical support will be sufficient to meet 21st century needs for accessibility and reliability to sustain teaching, learning and administrative environments. Goal 3: Apply communication tools and practices to create new models of connecting and collaborating so that teaching, learning, management and communications tasks are effective and efficient. Goal 4: Modern information systems will be in place and used regularly to efficiently manage school and district operations that support teaching and learning. The digital decade in the Needham Public Schools, 1997-2007, was informed by three technology plans that guided decisions about teaching and learning, professional development, instructional setting design, infrastructure, budget, staffing and information systems. During this period, the school district made considerable progress; redesigning classrooms to provide equitable access to local and global curriculum resources; retooling instructional settings with new productivity, communications and multimedia tools for students and teachers; and providing access to student information for teachers, students and parents. School administrators have also developed new ways of communicating and using information systems to manage and analyze data. All of this is supported by a growing infrastructure of hardware, software, professionals and support staff. See previous technology plans, 2002-2004and 2005-2008.
Two multibeam sonar surveys of west-central San Francisco Bay, California, were conducted in 1997 and 2008. Bathymetric change analysis between the two surveys indicates a loss of 14.1 million cubic meters (-3.1 cm/yr) of sediment during this time period, representing an approximately three-fold acceleration of the rate that was observed from prior depth change analysis from 1947 to 1979 for all of Central Bay, using more spatially coarse National Ocean Service (NOS) soundings. The portions of the overlapping survey areas between 1997 and 2008 designated as aggregate mining lease sites lost sediment at five times the rate of the remainder of west-central San Francisco Bay. Despite covering only 28% of the analysis area, volume change within leasing areas accounted for 9.2 million cubic meters of sediment loss, while the rest of the area lost 4.9 million cubic meters of sediment. The uncertainty of this recent analysis is more tightly constrained due to more stringent controls on vertical and horizontal position via tightly coupled, inertially aided differential Global Positioning Systems (GPS) solutions for survey vessel trajectory that virtually eliminate inaccuracies from traditional tide modeling and vessel motion artifacts. Further, quantification of systematic depth measurement error can now be calculated through comparison of static surfaces (e.g., bedrock) between surveys using seafloor habitat maps based on acoustic backscatter measurements and ground-truthing with grab samples and underwater video. Sediment loss in the entire San Francisco Bay Coastal System during the last half-century, as estimated from a series of bathymetric change studies, is 240 million cubic meters, and most of this is believed to be coarse sediment (i.e., sand and gravel) from Central Bay and the San Francisco Bar, which is likely to limit the sand supply to adjacent, open-coast beaches. This hypothesis is supported by a calibrated numerical model in a related study that indicates that there is a potential net export of sand-sized sediment across the Golden Gate, suggesting that a reduction in the supply of sand-sized sediment within west-central San Francisco Bay will limit transport to the outer coast. Abstract The Impacts of the 2015/2016 El Niño on California’s Sandy Beaches By Schuyler Smith The El Niño Southern Oscillation is the most dominant mode of interannual climate variability in the Pacific. The 2015/2016 El Niño event was one of the strongest of the last 145 years, resulting in anomalously high wave energy across the U.S. West Coast, and record coastal erosion for many California beaches (Barnard et al., 2017). Currently, 26 million people live in California’s coastal counties (2010 U.S. Census), and over 600,000 people in California will likely be at risk of coastal flooding by the end of this century due to projected sea level rise and storms (Barnard et al., 2019). To better manage our coastal resources, it is critical that we understand the impacts of both short-term climate variability and long-term climate impacts across the varied coastal settings of California. This study is the first to quantify the effects of one of the strongest El Niño events in the historical record across the entire coast of California, represented by 8000, 50-m spaced shore-normal transects across sandy beaches along the length of the state’s shoreline. The response of sandy shorelines to the extreme El Niño winter of 2015/2016 is quantified in the context of net shoreline movement, using the mean high water (MHW) line as a shoreline proxy. MHW contours were extracted from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) digital elevation models (DEMS) from the Oregon border to Mexico using ArcGIS, to represent the 1998/2002, 2015 and 2016 shorelines. Both net shoreline movement values (from fall of 2015 to spring of 2016) and long-term end-point rates of change (1998/2002-2016) were calculated. Satellite-derived long-term (1984-2019) rates of shoreline change acquired from Luijendijk et al. (2018) are summarized for comparison. To determine the influence of wave energy on the coastal response observed here, wave energy flux values for the El Niño winter were calculated at the 20 m depth contour every 100 m along the entire California coastline using hindcast data generated by O'Reilly et al. (2016). We find that central and northern California experienced the most sandy beach erosion during the El Niño winter, with 96% of analyzed beaches in Central California eroding (mean = 45.7 m of erosion), compared to 89% in northern California (mean = 25.5 m of erosion), and 79% in southern California (mean = 9.7 m of erosion). Although local beach response was highly variable, much of the erosion was observed at river mouths, and on the southern side of structures impeding littoral drift, with accretion observed on the northern or upcoast side of these structures. Within west-facing embayments, more extreme erosion was observed in the north than in the south. These erosional patterns contrast to those of typical El Niño events, when the direction of alongshore transport has been observed as south to north, and accretion occurs in the northern end of embayments. In the long-term (1998/2002-2016), southern California and central California beaches are moderately accreting, while northern California is eroding on average at 79 cm per year. A significant correlation was found between cumulative wave energy flux and shoreline change during the El Niño winter across the state of California (R2 = -0.45, P<0.001). The correlation is lower (-0.25, P<0.001) for the 2015/2016 winter cumulative wave energy flux anomaly and shoreline change in southern California. After assessing the impact of the 2015/2016 El Niño event, spatial patterns indicate that an unusual, more northerly wave direction, extreme wave energy, and coastline orientation were key factors in the observed shoreline response. This response was markedly different from the classic El Niños of 1982-83 and 1997-98, where more southerly storm tracks and southerly wave directions were key factors controlling shoreline behavior.	https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ABarnard%2C%20Patrick
GE-Reagan Foundation Scholars are among America’s foremost young leaders who personify the values that President Reagan took to Washington and inspired a nation with three decades ago. Like President Reagan, candidates use the formative experiences of their youth to lead, serve and pursue a life of purpose and significance, both individually and for their communities. LEADERSHIP Scholars exemplify, inside and outside the classroom, President Reagan’s vision and destiny to lead and serve. They thrive in extracurricular activities and pursue leadership roles to make a positive difference in their school, in their community and on the job. Scholars appreciate the value of a quality education and have an affinity for discovery and lifelong learning. They are conscientious about their studies and earnestly pursue academic achievement. Their initiative, imagination and innovation will play a significant role as our country tackles the problems of tomorrow. DRIVE Just as President Reagan did, scholars optimistically look toward the future and pursue success with faith and determination. They have the conviction, ambition and courage to make their dreams reality. They approach their goals with an “it can be done” persistence, and are not deterred by life’s challenges. Scholars aspire to advance themselves, their families, and their communities with perpetual hope, self motivation and the power of hard work. They model uncompromising discipline, reliability and work ethic in balancing school obligations with employment. INTEGRITY Scholars are rooted in their principles, values and ethics. They possess the unique combination of self confidence and humility that defined President Reagan’s leadership. They earn the respect of their peers by demonstrating genuine integrity, dependability and hope for a brighter future. Scholars value family and demonstrate a strong commitment to their role as a contributing member. Often, they make sacrifices to support the overall needs of those around them. CITIZENSHIP Scholars are driven by a sense of civic commitment and pride to actively engage in their communities and affect positive change. They deeply value the freedom and equality that make our nation unique and prosperous. Scholars exhibit President Reagan’s ideals of personal accountability, tolerance and a belief in the human potential. They possess the awareness, empathy and internal motivation to improve their communities. They serve selflessly in pursuit of prosperity for their fellow students and citizens. President Reagan envisioned a society where individual liberty, economic opportunity, global democracy and national pride are cherished. Scholars share President Reagan’s unwavering patriotism and belief in the virtues and abilities of free people and the country they built. Applicants who have questions about the application process may contact the program’s administrator, Scholarship Management Services, at 1-507-931-1682 and ask for the GE-Reagan Foundation Scholarship Program or email [email protected] . Applicants should anticipate a response to inquiries within one business day. Personnel at GE and The Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation cannot address applicant questions.
The site of this project is a plain field between the riverbed and the woods, which is composed of four areas. On the largest is the museum, while the other three areas are used for parking, open exhibition and a subordinate building. Bamboo became the natural division for each part. Routes string through different areas, gradually float upon the ground, through the bamboos and finally lead to the entrance above the lotus pond. The Museum display is designed around an atrium, and the light, exhibits and the landscape are organized by carefully dealing with gaps between the building blocks. The museum is a collection of stone sculptures, thus the architecture wants to tell people a story of an “Artificial Stone”. As local construction technique is low and flexible modification afterwards is always possible, a combined technique of frame structure with fair-faced concrete and shale bricks is created. Bricks on the inner side of the combined wall are used as a template to make sure that the concrete is poured vertically, as well as to serve the later modifications as a soft liner. Indention templates with stripes are used to pour the fair-faced concrete walls of the main building in order that a clear pattern is formed, a strong impression of walls is made and the defect caused by the lack of experience on the pouring technique is hidden behind the dense and wild lattice. All these above are adopted to satisfy aesthetic and spiritual pursuits of the architect, at the same time, to solve various problems we faced as architects in China today. In China due to the inconsiderate forehand plan, architectural projects are more likely to change optionally afterwards. The interior of the mixed wall adopts bricklaying and plastering techniques. This can cope with different kinds of changes afterwards. Because of the rude construction technology, it’s very hard to make sure the perpendicularity of the walls during the pouring course. If laying the interior walls first, the interior walls can be the formwork when pouring the outer walls, and so the perpendicularity is ensured. I searched to find a way out, to an approach of contemporary architectural aesthetics with the local conditions on the building side.	https://www.world-architects.com/fr/jiakun-architects-chengdu/project/luyeyuan-stone-sculpture-art-museum
UNESCO and the Indonesian Internet Domain Registry (PANDI) have announced plans to work on digitizing the Indigenous scripts of Indonesia through an initiative called “Connecting the Nation through Ancient Character Digitalisation.” Indonesia is home to more than 700 languages, and while the official language is Indonesian, which has nearly 200 million speakers, many speak it as a second language. Indonesian is written in the Latin alphabet, making it a convenient language for digital communication. However, other major languages of the region, such as Javanese, have historically used other Indigenous scripts that were specifically designed for those languages. Aside from Indonesian, most of the country’s languages do not have a significant online presence—UNESCO and PANDI have set out to make the Internet more accessible to speakers of these languages. “It is important that the rich cultural and linguistic diversity of Indonesia is reflected online especially since young people nowadays are mostly digital natives,” said Dr. Yudho Giri Sucayho, chairman of PANDI, at a virtual conference on the digitization initiative. Through the initiative, PANDI plans to register at least seven indigenous scripts with Unicode and ICANN, each of which has been overlooked in recent years. Javanese, for example, historically used a traditional script distantly related to the Devanagari and Tamil scripts. Tthis has however largely been replaced with the Latin script (and to a lesser extent, Arabic script), for practical purposes. Currently the native Javanese script is still taught in some schools in Java, however few Javanese speakers use it regularly, and computers have difficulty rendering the script. PANDI hopes these digitization efforts will help increase linguistic diversity on the Internet, which is relatively scarce: around 40 languages make up the vast majority of content on the Internet, with the remainder making up less than .1% each of the Internet’s content. Prince Notonegoro of Yogyakarta, an autonomous region in Java, said at the conference that he believes digitizing the native scripts will encourage younger generations to learn about the writing systems and their heritage and keep the scripts alive.	https://www.languagemagazine.com/2020/12/18/indonesia-to-digitize-indigenous-scripts/
Were the Mayans Using Anunnaki Knowledge? As reported in a previous video, in August 2012 during an interview with National Geographic, I was asked if there was a connection between the Mayan Calendar and Planet X. My answer at the time was that there was no direct connection, but rather, a coincidental relationship. What I could not have known at that time, was that in fact there is a direct connection. Therefore, my statement at that time was in error and would have remained so had it not been for a recent analysis of the Avebury 2008 crop circle by Planet X researcher Greg deFleron. This two-stage formation, the size of three soccer fields, was featured in my book Crossing the Cusp (2011). Greg’s analysis raised some critical issues with the broadly held assumption that the Planet X system is in a 3,600 year orbit. To be frank, yowusa.com has employed this assumption for years as well. Thankfully, Greg’s insightful analysis focused our undivided attention on the use of the Gregorian (Western) solar calendar in the creation of this assumption. In the process we discovered that the use of this politically-driven calendar has skewed Planet X research for decades. Evidence of this is the Hebrew Exodus from Egypt, the last flyby of the Planet X system. The flaw in this solar calendar assumption always created a historical gap between the basic 3,600 year orbit assumption and the generally established dates for the Exodus. However, once we identified and eliminated this flawed assumption and corrected the orbit of the Planet X system based on the same dating methods used by the Anunnaki, Mayans and the Hebrews, what our findings showed is as follows: - The 3,600 year orbit for the Planet X system is based on a flawed assumption. - The correct orbital duration of the Planet X system is a spot on fit with the dates of the Exodus. - The Mayan Calendar is essentially, a Planet X ephemeris. - The assumption that the Avebury 2008 formation is based on a single time line is wrong. In this presentation of our findings by J. P. Jones, he presents the true orbital period of the Planet X system, what the Mayan Calendar date of December 21, 2012 actually meant. The consequence of this discovery is that we are now able to accurately decode the Avebury 2008 formation which in fact, gives a precise date for the coming pole shift. We are currently preparing a detailed report due out in June. In the meantime, these initial findings are of significant note for all those with an interest in Planet X. The pursuit of truth must always be an honest journey, because it is not about being right, it’s about getting it right. —Marshall Masters Were the Mayans Using Anunnaki Knowledge? J. P. Jones UPDATE: Thanks to the feedback of reader, I’ve updated this article. As Marshall said, it is about getting it right and this resulted in further investigation into the Exodus. The end of the Mayan calendar was not a sign post that the world was to end on that date. As with all prophecy and prediction, there is a harbinger date and an event date. Through their calendar, the Mayans were sending a message to their descendants as to when to prepare for the next flyby of Planet X. The celestial alignment of 12/21/2012 was the harbinger, the rest was lost to history. However, what was lost was found again, via the Avebury 2008 formation documented in Crossing the Cusp by Marshall Masters. To determine if 12/21/2012 was in fact the harbinger date, empirical data collected after that date is the only way to validate the Mayan harbinger prediction of Planet X. In this article that empirical data will clearly validate that harbinger. This in turn raises two question. First is, did the Mayans base their calendar as well as the 12/21/2012 harbinger date upon Anunnaki knowledge given directly or indirectly to them? The answer to that question will become self-evident in the dating method as described in this article. The second question is, why in the lead up to 12/21/2012 was this harbinger so grossly misunderstood? There are two reasons. First, this date only has context after the harbinger event and not before. This is because all you can do prior to the actual harbinger date is to speculate and pontificate without real substance. The substance needed, is what is observed in the real world following the harbinger date 12/21/2012. The second reason is that the Western or Gregorian calendar is solar-based, whereas the Mayan Long Count Calendar is lunar-based. To understand the difference let’s look at how a year is perceived via the Western calendar and then how a year is perceived with a lunar calendar. Solar vs. Lunar Calendars It is important to note that both solar and lunar calendars are based on a 24-hour day. Therefore, the two can be reconciled by counting the days. Not the weeks, months or years. Ergo, a day is the lowest common denominator. With this in mind, let’s see how the two calendars count the same 24-hour days. WESTERN SOLAR CALENDER: A brief and partial history of the Gregorian calendar from Wikipedia: Wikipedia Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar, also called the Western calendar and the Christian calendar, is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. The calendar was a refinement in 1582 to the Julian calendar amounting to a 0.002% correction in the length of the year. The motivation for the reform was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of the year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Because the celebration of Easter was tied to the spring equinox, the Roman Catholic Church considered the steady drift in the date of Easter caused by the year being slightly too long to be undesirable. The reform was adopted initially by the Catholic countries of Europe. Protestants and Eastern Orthodox countries continued to use the traditional Julian calendar and adopted the Gregorian reform after a time, for the sake of convenience in international trade. The Gregorian reform contained two parts: a reform of the Julian calendar as used prior to Pope Gregory XIII’s time and a reform of the lunar cycle used by the Church, with the Julian calendar, to calculate the date of Easter. The reform was a modification of a proposal made by Aloysius Lilius. His proposal included reducing the number of leap years in four centuries from 100 to 97, by making 3 out of 4 centurial years common instead of leap years. Lilius also produced an original and practical scheme for adjusting the epacts of the moon when calculating the annual date of Easter, solving a long-standing obstacle to calendar reform. Gregorian years are identified by consecutive year numbers. The cycles repeat completely every 146,097 days, which equals 400 years, and which also happens to be 20,871 seven-day weeks. Of these 400 years, 303 are regular years of 365 days and 97 are leap years of 366 days. A calendar mean year is 365 97/400 days = 365.2425 days = 365 days, 5 hours, 49 minutes and 12 seconds. The same result is obtained by summing the fractional parts implied by the rule: 365 + 1⁄4 − 1⁄100 + 1⁄400 = 365 + 0.25 − 0.01 + 0.0025 = 365.2425 The key point to remember about the Gregorian (Western) calendar is that it evolved in response to political agenda, which is not the case with Lunar calendars. LUNAR CALENDAR: From Wikipedia a partial description of the Lunar Calendar: Wikipedia Lunar Calendar A lunar calendar is a calendar that is based on cycles of the lunar phases. Because there are slightly more than twelve lunations (synodic months) in a solar year, the period of 12 lunar months (354.37 days) is sometimes referred to as a lunar year. A common purely lunar calendar is the Islamic calendar or Hijri Qamari calendar. A feature of the Islamic calendar is that a year is always 12 months, so the months are not linked with the seasons and drift each solar year by 11 to 12 days. It comes back to the position it had in relation to the solar year approximately every 33 Islamic years. It is used mainly for religious purposes, but in Saudi Arabia it is the official calendar. Other lunar calendars often include extra months added occasionally to synchronize it with the solar calendar. The oldest known lunar calendar was found in Scotland; it dates back to around 8000 BC. When we look at the history and nature of these two calendar methods we see stark differences. \|Solar-based Calendar\|\|Lunar-based Calendar\| \|Serves a political purpose\|\|Solely based on observation\| \|Requires leap years\|\|Leap years not required\| \|Solstice dates vary\|\|Solstice dates are constants\| The current Western calendar as we know it was created by Aloysius Lilius and adopted by Pope Gregory XIII. Likewise we also know who invented the first lunar calendar. The First Lunar Calendar Ancient cultures used the Moon cycles as their means of calculating time. The Moon phases complete one cycle in 29.53 days from New Moon to New Moon. For the sake of simplicity we’ll round that up to 30 days. In The Lost Book of Enki by Zechariah Sitchin, the autobiography of Lord Enki of the Anunnaki, Enki writes that he was profoundly curious about the relationship between the Earth and its Moon. Consequently, it was he who was the first in recorded history to define what we now call a lunar calendar, where a complete cycle of the Moon constitutes one month. Lord Enki further defined a year as being twelve months long with two seasons Winter and Summer. Each season spanned six months. So then, how is it the currently held 3,600 year orbit of Nibiru came to be? In translating the Sumerian cuneiform tablets Zechariah Sitchin determined that the length of Nibiru’s orbit was 3,600 years. It is he who penned the date. However, he did not specifically say that it was 3,600 lunar years. Here is where the assumption that he was speaking about solar years came to be. Also note, that while Sitchin was a brilliant translator and historian, he was not an astronomer nor a mathematician and never made such claims. So what we really have here is an honest oversight. With this in mind, let’s do the Planet X math for a solar year, and then for a lunar year. In keeping with the title of this article we will be using the Mayan Long Count Calendar. The Solar vs. Lunar Differential To establish the origin of the this dating confusion, let’s first establish the current baseline which is based on the Western, solar calendar. Given that both calendars use the same 24-hour day, it is a simple matter to calculate the precise number of 24-hour Earth days for each calendar dating system. For the solar-based Western calendar, we multiply the number of days in a Solar Year which is 365.25 days by the number of years of Nibiru’s orbit. Therefore, 365.25 24-hour days x 3600 solar years equals an orbit of 1,314,900 24-hour days. Now let’s see how that compares with a lunar calculation. The Mayans used a Lunar calendar and in the long count they used a 360 day year comprised of a lunar cycle of 30 days times 12 months. Likewise, the Sumerians used a lunar year as well. Therefore the 3,600 orbit length of Nibiru as translated by Sitchin from Sumerian artifacts was based on a lunar year. Absent specificity, it was assumed that Sitchin was referring to a solar calendar period in his translation. This is no small matter as you shall soon see. With the Sumerian and Mayan lunar calendar systems, we see 360 24-hour days x 3600 lunar years which equals an orbit of 1,296,000 24-hour days. The difference between the two is 18,900 24-hour days. To obtain the difference in years between the two calendar systems, we divide the difference by 365.25 days in a Solar Year, where 18,900 24-hour days / 365.25 24-hour days equals a difference of 51.74 Solar Years. Ergo, here is where the flawed assumption of the 3,600 year orbit for the Planet X lays. No doubt, those who oppose Sitchin work for religious and other reasons will play havoc with this, but before they do, let’s frame this error with a proper perspective. Errors of context are commonplace and a classic and rather costly example comes from none other than NASA. In 1999 the Mars Climate Orbiter crashed into Mars due to a Metric vs. English measure translation problem. According to NASA it was the fault of a subcontractor who admitted to the error. When you consider how many backyard toolboxes in America sport metric and standard wrenches and sockets, one must ask, did the subcontractor really make such a blunder? Or, were they a convenient scapegoat? Who knows? Likewise, when Sitchin translated 3600 years from the ancient artifacts, no one until now has looked at the dating in the correct context, ourselves included. (Mea culpa.) Now that we have the results clear. The Mayan and the Sumerian lunar calendar clearly define an orbit for the Planet X system of 3458 lunar years. This explains the difference of 51.74 solar years needed to express the same value in solar years. Therefore Sitchin’s 3,600 lunar years becomes 3548.26 solar years when applied to the Gregorian calendar. With this correct dating in mind, it is time to revisit the 12/21/2012 Mayan harbinger date, to see if the data supports this as a harbinger date for the approach of the Planet X system. Post-12/21/2012 Empirical Data Since 12/21/2012, we’ve documented many new and disturbing trends. Two such trends offer irrefutable, empirical data that clearly supports 12/21/2012 as the Mayan harbinger for the approach of the Planet X system into the core of our own system. These are, earthquakes and meteors. Earthquakes The most startling causality comparison is earthquakes. As reported in earlier articles a reader sent us a chart of earthquake data. In this chart we show the earthquake data for January 2012 to February 2013. The data for this short period is unsettling, but more so when viewing in a larger time span. What is clearly seen is that the earthquake rate surges steeply at the end of 2012. Evidence of external effects on the normal state of our solar system. Let’s take a closer look to emphasize the astounding increase in earthquake activity following the end of the Mayan Long Count calendar. The months of December 2012 through April 2013 are shown below. What is clear is that December 2012 and January 2013 are comparable in the number of earthquakes. However, beginning in February 2013 we see a very dramatic increase in activity and it does not stop there. With this in mind, let’s add the months of January through April for the years 2014 and 2015. This is empirical data and what it shows is that this trend was not a fluke. A similar pattern is likewise seen with meteor observations since 12/21/2012. Meteors The second of two causalities that can be viewed to support our findings is fireballs as we have reported on previously. To establish the baseline, the graph below presents the monthly fireball rate for 2011. When we add 2012 data to the graph above, we begin to see a moderate increase in monthly rates. However, with the start of 2013 we begin to see a serious escalation in the number of monthly fireballs. Despite minor variances, this overall trend continues with the addition of 2014 observations. When we add meteor observations for the period January through April 2015, this same overall trend persists. As we saw with the earthquake trends the fireballs keep coming at greater frequency. Again, it is important to stress that prior to 12/21/2012, there was no such empirical data. Absent of these facts, the Mayan Calendar harbinger date was handily buried under a media-driven interest in wild theories and speculation. Unfortunately prior to that date the elites and disinformation experts promoted this as a doomsday date and thereby turned the harbinger into non-event. The result was that the significance of 12/21/2012 was buried under a tidal wave of disinformation and misinformation. Whether this was intentional or not, is moot. It happened and that’s that for those who like Marshall often says “choose to cling to the bliss of their ignorance like jealous lovers.” For the rest of us, there is new meaning to be found in the Avebury 2008 crop circle formation. Confirmation of the Mayan 12/21/2012 Harbinger Date In a reexamination of the Avebury crop circle part 1 created July 15, 2008 the celestial alignment depicted in the first part of this two-part formation, was 12/21/2012, which directly correlates with the end of the Mayan Long Count calendar. This fact begs a very serious question. Did the Mayans use Anunnaki knowledge to create their lunar calendar system? When modern science cannot explain the advanced knowledge and feats of the ancients, they revert to voodoo explanations of mystery folklore and tools that cannot support these arrogant proclamations. So, in fairness to the Mayans, let’s set this modern day voodoo science to one side. The Mayans were very skilled and knowledgeable in the sciences. They most likely did not acquire this knowledge completely on their own. Some of it came from their predecessors the Olmec civilization. This is a key point because much like the Sumerians, the Olmec’s most likely were tutored by the Anunnaki. Keep in mind, the efforts of the Anunnaki were not restricted to the Middle East. Theirs was a global empire. For example, during this time, scholars tell us the Sumerian civilization began about 4000 BC and thrived to about 1000 BC. During this time, the Sumerian King Gilgamesh ruled around 2700 BC. Likewise, scholars tell us that the pre-classic period of the Mayan culture scholars started in about 2600 BC. According to Zachariah Sitchin’s translations of the Sumerian tablets we know the Sumerian civilization flowered thanks to the Anunnaki. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that other ancient civilizations such as the Olmecs flowered thanks to the Anunnaki. This is because in the Lost Book of Enki, Lord Enki describes how the Anunnaki went to other lands around the globe in search for gold. Therefore it is not unreasonable to believe they traveled to Mesoamerica for this very purpose. Keep in mind, history clearly shows that the Mayans and Aztecs created and held vast quantities of gold artifacts. Given that King Gilgamesh ruled Sumer in 2700 BC and that the Mayan pre-classic culture began in or about 2600 BC, it stands to reason that the Anunnaki likely influenced both cultures. Ergo, there is a very real possibility that Mayan culture was influenced by the Anunnaki, or at the very least, was the beneficiary of ancient Anunnaki knowledge. Remember, the Mayan Long Count Lunar calendar is 5125 years in length using a 360 day year. Therefore, using the common denominator of 24-hour days we can determine the number of days the Long Count calendar spans, where 360 24-hour days x 5125 lunar years = 1,845,000 24-hour days. To covert this figure to a solar years, we divide 1,845,000 24-hour days by the Solar year of 365.25 24-hour days for a total of 5051.33 solar years. With this figure, an interesting historical markers fall into place, because 2012 AD minus 5,051 solar years equals 3039 BC. The very date that was most likely the actual start of the Mayan culture from their perspective. Likewise, this date also ties back to the existence of the Sumerians at that same time, which gives further credence to the proposition that Anunnaki knowledge influenced both cultures. Ergo, the Mayan Long Count calendar marked the beginning of their culture and the end of the 13th Bactun 12/21/2012 likewise serves as a harbinger for the start of a new age of creation. What does this harbinger point to, the coming flyby of the Planet X system. Proof of this is how this more accurate orbit for the Planet X system of 3548 solar years falls into place.. The Last Planet X Flyby The end of the Long Count calendar in 2012 also marked a new age in the Earths precession. The Earth moves to Aquarius in the precession of the zodiak. Most importantly the end of the Long Count does not signify a specific doomsday event, but it does mark the beginnings of a destructive series of events. This is why the significance of the Long Count calendar tasked us to dig a little deeper. If you look at the ancient civilizations that existed between 4000 BC and 1000 BC they would have experienced a flyby of the Planet X system. This particular flyby was what we will call a best case scenario where the Earth was on the opposite side of the Sun from Nibiru. One flyby marker that can be identified in both the Kolbrin Bible, the Torah, and the Bible’s Old Testament is the Exodus of the Israelite people from Egypt. However, finding a direct spot-on correlation between the dates of the Exodus and the last flyby of the Planet X system has always been an elusive conundrum. So let’s unravel it with these new findings. UPDATE: Thanks to the feedback of a reader, I’ve updated this article. As Marshall said, it is about getting it right and this resulted in further investigation into the Exodus. Original source material used was Wikipedia which corroborated other sources that were read as well. Further research found a 111-year discrepancy which I will cite here for the reader to follow up on. It is very long but an excerpt in the conclusion section is noted here: bibleandscience.com Conclusion It seems clear after looking at a number of ancient writers that all the ancient Jewish writers took the 430 or 400 years to cover the time in Egypt as well as Canaan. The Book of Jubilees counted 400 years from Abraham’s entry into Canaan. Most of the Jewish writers counted the 400 years from Isaac’s birth to the exodus. The actual time in Egypt was only 185 to 215 years according to most writers; however, Midrash Abkhir specifically states 86 years in Egypt (Rappoport 1966, Vol.2, 286-7). Another important note is that most of the Jewish writers pushed the date of the exodus back to about the time of the expulsion of the Hyksos. Josephus would have risen to power just before or during the time of the Hyksos. Josephus says there are 592 years from the Exodus to the founding of Solomon’s Temple (960 BC) while Sedar Olan Zutta says 480 years. The best explanation of this discrepancy is the omission of the oppressions in the Book of Judges (111 years). This was a common ancient practice as seen in ancient Egyptian king lists. Josephus goes into detail quoting Manetho showing that the Jews were in Egypt. He equates the Jews with the Hyksos and the Exodus with the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt by Ahmose I, who founded the 18th Dynasty (1570 – 1550 BC.) Manetho had access to the original Egyptian hieroglyphics that modern scholars do not have. Yet modern scholars today, both liberal and conservative place the Exodus much later, and claim there is no evidence of the Exodus in Egyptian writings. The best explanation is to identify the Exodus from Egypt with the expulsion of the Hyksos for there is no other mass exit from Egypt. The Exodus and Planet X We know that Sitchin in translating the Sumerian tablets found the orbital cycle of Nibiru to be 3600 years. We also know there are references that the Torah notes the Exodus occurred 480 years before the construction of King Solomon’s temple however many scholars omit the oppressions in the Book of Judges (111 years). This puts the number of years before the construction of King Solomon’s temple at 591. This puts the date of the Exodus at approximately 1551 BC using this source: http://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm If we subtract 3600 Solar years from the year 2012 we get 1588 BC which is before the expulsion of Hyksos by Ahmose. That date of 1588 BC does not directly correlate to the Exodus of 1551 BC. As they say “close but no cigar.” However, as we showed earlier in this article, Planet X researchers have erred in using the 3600 year number with Solar year calculations. With this in mind, lets apply the correction of context to see when the last Planet X flyby probably occurred. As we have shown earlier, the time span of the orbit of Nibiru based on a 360 day Lunar Calendar is calculated by multiplying 3600 by 360 days. We then divide that number by the 365.25 days in a Solar year where 3600 years time 360 days equals 1,296,000 days. Therefore, 1,296,000 days / 365.25 = Nibiru orbital cycle expressed as 3,548.25 solar calendar years. Now let’s take the next step. For the sake of simplicity let’s round that number to 3548 Mayan years. When we subtract 3548 years from 2012 AD, we get 1536 BC. This falls during the reign of Ahmose who founded the 18th Dynasty around 1570 – 1550 BC. This takes us right back to the probable time of the Exodus based on the archaeological data. Here we have the convergence of multiple sources cross validating the last Planet X flyby. In order to determine if the celestial alignment of the solar system supports a best case flyby scenario in 1536 BC, Solar Scope was used to determine the probable alignment in 1536 BC. The alignment from solar scope for July, 1536 BC is shown below and was modified to depict the path of the Nemesis / Planet X system during its Exodus flyby. It corroborates a best case flyby scenario. Please note, given the rounding off in the calculations the date was adjusted in Solar scope to present a more accurate date based on the alignments of the Exodus and the last Planet X flyby. So does the new orbit reference of 3548 Solar years hold up for the to previous flybys of Planet X? Taking the recalculated Planet X orbit of 3548 solar years multiplying that by 2 provides a result of 7096 solar years for the flyby that preceded the Exodus flyby. By subtracting that from 2012 AD, we get 5084 BC and the alignment as shown below. Like the Exodus flyby in 1536 BC, the preceding flyby in 5084 BC was also a best case scenario. We see in the graphic that Earth is on the opposite side of the Sun from the Nemesis / Planet X system in Jul, 5084 BC. 8652 BC was the next flyby which was most likely given the alignment of the planets in our solar system as the Deluge flyby. Taking the recalculated Planet X orbit of 3548 solar years multiplying that by 3 provides a result of 10,664 solar years. Subtract that from 2012 AD and it gives us 8652 BC. The Solar Scope graphic for Jan, 8652 BC depicts a worst case flyby scenario for Earth. This flyby resulted in the Deluge (a.k.a Noah’s Flood.) In the Lost Book of Enki it states the flyby which caused the Deluge on Earth also stripped Mars of its atmosphere rendering it uninhabitable. It is important to note that these three flyby dates, 1536 BC, 5084 BC and 8652 BC corroborate the Mayan Long Count calendar. Conclusions In this article we have determined that context is everything and Planet X researchers have made an error of context. We can see that the elites have used and propagated this misnomer as a means to create confusion. The Mayan civilization created the Long Count Calendar as a means to provide knowledge and a legacy to their future generations. Sadly they did not anticipate their decline and eventually being replaced by the Tolmec’s followed by the Aztec. Likewise, the Aztec never anticipated being conquered by the Spanish and the Holy Church. Finally we can reconcile the date of the Exodus as a marker of the last flyby of the Planet X system. We can fairly trust that most if not all the Anunnaki returned to Nibiru around 1446 BC and that they will be returning soon. Therefore, the 12/21/12 date definitively did not mark a doomsday event as Hollywood sold it, but simply a harbinger date the Mayans used to inform their future generations to prepare and watch the signs of a catastrophic flyby of the Planet X system. Furthermore, post-12/21/2012 empirical data clearly support that proposition. The final question is, now that we have shown that the signs coincide with that date and they are on the increase will we take action – or not?	https://yowusa.com/mayans-anunnaki/
There are numerous factors that impact the larger picture in cardiology, especially from a business perspective. Here are several overarching trends effecting cardiology in 2019 and beyond. ... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor at TCT There is a hype cycle surrounding new technologies in all industries, but medicine is unique because of its focus on clinical trial data as one of the key determining factors of whether a new device... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor From a cardiovascular device innovation standpoint, the 2018 Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT) conference included several noteworthy trial presentations. Here are a few of the key... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor Here is a round-up of the latest technology updates and trends in cardiac computed tomography (CT) from the Society of Cardiovascular CT (SCCT) 2018 meeting in July. Trends and Advances in Cardiac... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor I attended the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) 2018 meeting in June and have the following takeaways on cardiac ultrasound technology trends. To get an overview of the big picture trends I... Al Lojewski Combatting the No. 1 Cause of Death With the Help of Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Technology Heart disease is globally pervasive and it is not going away. It’s the leading cause of death around the world, and the cause of one-third of all deaths in the United States. That’s why the... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor There is a movement toward real-time, remote cardiac monitoring with the latest generation of event and Holter monitor systems. However, to be successful and to be able to sort through and make large... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor There is a shift occurring in remote ECG monitoring technology used in Holters and cardiac event recorders that may help speed or enhance the diagnosis of arrhythmias. As we have already seen in... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor New patient monitoring technologies with wireless connectivity have enabled a revolution in cardiac event and Holter monitoring in the past few years. These technologies have expanded the ability of... Lars Thording, Ph.D. Electrophysiology is one of the most rapidly-growing areas of healthcare. That may be why it’s the focus of so many industry events including the Heart Rhythm Society’s annual conference. For those... Marilyn M. Singleton, M.D., JD Jettison Medicare and Medicaid If You Want Real Healthcare Reform — How the Government Became Involved in Healthcare “Disruptive innovation” is all the buzz. Repealing the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is so last year. Well, disrupt this: Repeal Medicare and Medicaid and get the government out of the medical care... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor The show floors at the American College of Cardiology (ACC) 2018 meeting in March and at the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) included numerous vendors offering small, easy-to-use, inexpensive, leadless... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor In the past, there was not much that could be done to mitigate the X-ray radiation exposure of interventional cardiologists or cath lab staff. Also years ago, the subspecialty of interventional... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor In March, I made a day trip to New York City to receive the 2017 Jesse H. Neal Award for Best Use of Social Media. The award was in recognition of DAIC’s extensive use of social media in 2017, which... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor The biggest workplace concern for interventional cardiologists and cath lab staff is their daily exposure to ionizing radiation from the angiographic X-ray systems that are central to their... Greg Freiherr, Industry Consultant Cardiologists need information from multiple sources to make accurate diagnoses and plan interventional therapies. The clinical and administrative staff at Palm Beach Gardens Medical Center have met... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor I have been looking for new ways to show readers interesting things I find during the medical conferences I attend, so DAIC now covers all the meetings using live posts on Facebook (our page can be... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor As a magazine that covers new technology, DAIC is introducing some new technology of its own with this issue — augmented reality. Using an app on your smartphone, you can hover over an augmented... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor at TCT Here is a list of what I think were some of the top interventional technologies discussed at the 2017 Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT) annual meeting this past fall. These technology... Dave Fornell, DAIC Editor There have been many innovative new technologies highlighted at the medical conferences I attended in 2017. Each year, I produce a series of videos from each conference I attend that highlights the...	https://www.dicardiology.com/blogs?page=1
Recent research suggests that the stress-sleep relationship is mediated by pre-sleep arousal (PSA) and that cognitive arousal has a stronger mediating effect than somatic arousal; however, this has not been directly tested. Using multilevel moderated mediation, we compared the effects of cognitive arousal and somatic arousal within the stress-sleep relationship. We also assessed whether two forms of repetitive negative thought-rumination and worry-are similarly involved in the stress-sleep relationship. Data was collected from 178 participants across the United States via an online platform. Participants completed baseline self-report surveys examining rumination tendencies and worry tendencies. Over the course of 2 weeks, participants completed daily questionnaires assessing daily stress, PSA, and sleep quality. Results indicated that indirect effects from stress to sleep quality via PSA were statistically significant at low and high levels of rumination and worry, and people at high levels of rumination and worry had stronger relationships between stress and PSA. Across all models, cognitive arousal consistently accounted for more of the variance in the stress-sleep relationship as compared to somatic arousal. Implications for the cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia are discussed. Keywords: arousal; rumination; sleep; stress; worry. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31030873/
650 P.2d 97 (1982) 58 Or.App. 655 STATE of Oregon, Respondent, v. Allen Isaac CARDEN, Appellant. No. 21-362; CA A23858. Court of Appeals of Oregon. Argued and Submitted July 12, 1982. Decided August 25, 1982. Reconsideration Denied September 29, 1982. Review Denied October 19, 1982. 98 Ernest E. Estes, Deputy Public Defender, Salem, argued the cause for appellant. With him on the brief was Gary D. Babcock, Public Defender, Salem. James E. Mountain, Jr., Deputy Sol. Gen., Salem, argued the cause for respondent. With him on the brief were Dave Frohnmayer, Atty. Gen., William F. Gary, Sol. Gen., and Sheryl D. Schneider, Certified Law Clerk, Salem. Before GILLETTE, P.J., and WARDEN and YOUNG, JJ. GILLETTE, Presiding Judge. Defendant appeals his conviction for burglary in the first degree. ORS 164.225. He argues that the court erred by admitting testimony concerning two prior burglary convictions and by giving an instruction that allowed the jury to infer an intent to steal from a finding of defendant's unlawful entry. We affirm. On November 18, 1981, defendant was discovered in the home of his next-door neighbor, George Sorenson, by two of Sorenson's other neighbors Dorothy Foland and J.E. McKinney. Sorenson had asked McKinney to check his home regularly during November while Sorenson was away. At trial, McKinney testified that he saw the porch light on in the Sorenson home at about 4:30 p.m. and that he and Foland went to investigate. After knocking, he opened the door with a key and went in. They turned on the lights and searched the house. McKinney and Foland initially saw defendant in either the kitchen or the utility room; he was wearing socks or "karate gloves" on his hands that were pulled up to his elbows. Defendant also held a knife. Foland yelled, "What are you doing here?" Defendant responded, according to McKinney and Foland, "I give up. I give up." Defendant explained to the pair that he had seen a light come on in the Sorenson home and had entered to check on it. Foland told defendant to leave, and he did. Defendant testified that he heard glass breaking and went to the Sorenson home to investigate. He said that he found the back door ajar and went in to see if someone was in the house. Inside, according to defendant, he heard someone talking, assumed it was a burglar, and hid in the closet. When defendant saw McKinney, whom he recognized, defendant left the closet and walked toward him. Defendant testified that he asked McKinney if he heard glass being broken. He also said that he put the knife he was holding on the table to avoid startling the two neighbors. Defendant denied saying, "I give up." Before trial, the prosecutor informed the court that he intended to ask defendant about his prior convictions for burglary. He also stated that defendant's record included two misdemeanor larceny convictions and a conviction for assault, about which he did not intend to inquire. The defendant objected to questions concerning the prior burglaries. The court ruled as follows: 99 "THE COURT: I think that burglary is that kind of a crime that does relate to the credibility of a witness, for that is in that witness's past, whether as a witness in an automobile case or in a criminal case, because not only does burglary, particularly in relation to theft, involve stealth, but it also involves dishonesty, and, of course, dishonesty weighs heavily on the issue of credibility, and that is what we are because thievery is dishonesty, and that issue of thievery/dishonesty weighs heavily on the issue of credibility. "I would find that the probative value of that dishonesty and issue of credibility probative value of it outweighs the prejudicial effect upon the Defendant; although, I am sure everybody will agree that it has some prejudicial effect, but it has more probative value, and therefore, I will allow the State, if the Defendant chooses to take the stand, to use those three two or three convictions, whatever they have available to them." Defendant's first assignment of error attacks that ruling. OEC 609(1)[1] states: "* * * (1) For the purpose of attacking the credibility of a witness, evidence that the witness has been convicted of a crime in other than a justice's court or a municipal court shall be admitted if elicited from the witness or established by public record, but only if the crime (a) was punishable by death or imprisonment in excess of one year under the law under which the witness was convicted, and the court determines that the probative value of admitting this evidence outweighs its prejudicial effect to the defendant, or (b) involved a false statement." Determination whether the probative value of evidence outweighs its prejudicial effect is within the trial court's discretion. The commentary to the Oregon Evidence Code sets out four criteria to guide that discretion. They are (1) the nature of the prior crime, in terms of its bearing on defendant's credibility; (2) the date of the prior conviction, in terms of its proximity or remoteness to the present proceeding; (3) the similarity of the prior crime to the crime on trial, in terms of the tendency of the jury to treat the impeachment evidence as substantive proof; and (4) the importance of defendant's testimony in relation to the issues in the case at trial. See Sixty First Legislative Assembly, Oregon Evidence Code, Rule 609, Commentary, p. 123-24. The trial court was entitled, under the first and second criteria, to admit evidence of the prior burglary convictions. Those convictions were clearly relevant to defendant's credibility, and they occurred within the time limit set out in the statute. See OEC 609(2)(a). The defendant's claim is that the final two criteria, applied to the facts of this case, weigh so heavily in favor of excluding the evidence that the trial court's ruling constituted an abuse of discretion. We discuss those two criteria in turn. The commentary explains the similarity criterion as follows: "Similarity to crime charged. This factor relates to prejudicial impact on the accused. If the elements of the prior conviction are similar to those of the crime charged, then analysis under this factor favors exclusion of the prior convictions. Where multiple convictions of various kinds can be shown, strong reasons arise for excluding those that are for the same or a similar crime. Inevitably there is pressure on lay jurors to use these as substantive evidence of guilt even though they are not admissible as such under ORS 404(3). As a general guide, these convictions should be used sparingly. See, e.g., United States v. [Bailey], 426 F.2d 1236 (D.C. Cir. 1970) (excluding evidence of prior conviction for receiving stolen goods in trial for burglary." 100 The rule and the commentary reflect a legislative attempt to reconcile the use of prior crimes that are relevant to a defendant's credibility with the obvious danger that similar considered as substantive evidence of guilt. That is, there is a danger that a defendant, charged with crime A and impeached with prior convictions for crime A, will be convicted, not on the evidence, but because the jury believes that a person who once committed crime A would do so again. The commentary suggests that, where several different crimes are available for impeachment, the need to use any particular crime decreases, and thus the argument for precluding inquiry into crimes that are the same or similar becomes stronger. Yet, there is no absolute prohibition against the use of similar prior crimes. The weighing process requires a determination of whether a defendant's prior dissimilar crimes are sufficiently numerous and impeaching of credibility to justify exclusion of any similar crimes. The legislature chose to place that difficult balancing decision in the trial court's discretion. The trial court exercised that discretion correctly here.[2] The prosecutor represented to the court that defendant's criminal history consisted of felony convictions for assault and burglary and misdemeanor convictions for larceny. He declined to use the assault conviction, presumably because it had little bearing on credibility, and the larceny convictions, presumably because they were misdemeanors and therefore inadmissible under the rule. The remaining burglary convictions were arguably the only prior crimes that were both admissible under the rule and relevant to defendant's credibility. Defendant's argument that the prosecution should be prevented from eliciting testimony as to those prior crimes that are most relevant to credibility merely because the crimes are the same as the one charged is unacceptable. To do so would be to restructure judicially a balance struck by the legislature in another way. The legislature had good reason to strike the balance as it did: defendant's version would lead to the unreasonable result of treating more favorably a defendant who has committed the type of crime charged more than once than one whose earlier crimes were different. IMPORTANCE OF DEFENDANT'S TESTIMONY Defendant also points out that the importance of his testimony to a fair resolution of his case weighs against admission of the burglary convictions. The commentary discusses the importance of a defendant's testimony to the weighing process. It states: " * * If the testimony of the accused is crucial to a fair determination of the issues, as it would be in an assault/self-defense case without independent witnesses, then this factor tends to favor exclusion. The more central the issue of credibility is to a fair determination of guilt, the more desireable it is to encourage the accused to testify. * * ." Defendant's exculpatory version of his reason for being in the house and his testimony that he did not say "I give up" when he encountered Foland and McKinney 101 was certainly crucial to an accurate determination of defendant's guilt. Under the commentary's analysis, that should militate against admissibility of the prior burglary convictions. However, as the trial court's ruling indicates, because defendant's testimony was so important the probative value of prior crimes evidence relevant to defendant's credibility increases. This supports the argument for admitting evidence of the prior crimes. Thus, the same fact that defendant's testimony was important supports opposite results under the commentary's analysis. Without purporting to resolve this conundrum fully, we point out that the factor relating to the importance of defendant's testimony is only one of four to be considered. The court apparently concluded that, balancing all four, the probative value of the prior crimes outweighed the possibility of discouraging the defendant from testifying. There was no abuse of discretion in that ruling.[3] Defendant also claims that the trial court erred by instructing the jury that an intent to steal could be inferred from his presence in a dwelling under circumstances showing an unlawful entry.[4] The state acknowledges our recent holding that giving such an instruction constitutes error. State v. Johnson, 55 Or. App. 98, 103-04, 637 P.2d 211, rev. den. 292 Or. 722, 644 P.2d 1131 (1981). After the decision in Johnson, however, we held that we would not consider a claim of error with regard to the giving of this particular instruction if the defendant had not objected in the trial court. State v. Davis, 56 Or. App. 535, 537-38, 642 P.2d 350 (1982). At trial, defense counsel expressly stated that defendant had no exceptions to the trial court's instruction. We therefore will not consider this assignment. Affirmed. NOTES [1] The Oregon Evidence Code, codified as ORS 40.010 through ORS 40.585, was enacted by the Oregon Laws 1981, chapter 892, sections 1 through 101. The Act took effect on January 1, 1982. Or. Laws 1981, ch. 892, § 101. The trial in the present case was conducted on January 27, 1982. [2] Appellate review of discretionary, evidentiary rulings is governed by the following guidelines: "`* * * If the evidence has some probative value, but also presents difficulties * * * the judge must determine whether the value of the evidence outweighs, or is outweighed by, the offsetting considerations. We sometimes call the exercise of this kind of judgment "discretion." Its exercise requires the judge to weigh the value of the evidence in light of all the circumstances of the particular case, and his conclusion, if it is reasonable, will not be disturbed on appeal. Precedent is of little value in reviewing such cases, because even when cases involve similar issues and similar types of evidence, the other factors which may properly influence the trial court's ruling are highly variable. We simply determine whether, on the facts of the particular case, the trial court's ruling was within the reasonable or permissible range. We need not determine whether his ruling was the only one possible. It may be that the record will support either admission or exclusion; if so, the trial court's ruling will be affirmed, regardless of which solution we would prefer.'" State v. Madison, 290 Or. 573, 579, 624 P.2d [599] (1981), quoting from Carter v. Moberly, 263 Or. 193, 200-01, 501 P.2d 1276 (1972). (Emphasis supplied.) [3] Defendant's attorney pointed out at oral argument that, unlike common law burglary, statutory burglary in Oregon, ORS 164.225(1) does not require entry at night. Instead, the statute merely requires an unlawful entry. He argued that conviction of such burglary therefore is not relevant to defendant's credibility. Defendant did not argue that point below and the trial court therefore did not have reason to ascertain the elements of burglary in Virginia at the time defendant was convicted in that state. We will not consider in this appeal an argument that defendant could have raised below but did not. [4] The instruction stated: "`Intent' means that a person acts with a conscious objective to cause the result or to engage in the conduct described. You are instructed that you may infer an intent to steal on the part of the Defendant from his presence in the dwelling under circumstances showing an unlawful entry."
98point6 Inc. Apply now Apply later Posted 2 weeks ago Our mission is to deliver high-quality primary care that is accessible, convenient and affordable for all. Every single day you’ll be working on challenging problems with an exceptional team to profoundly transform primary care and improve people’s quality of life. Your role and impact As the leader of the Information Security team, you will play a pivotal role in defining, implementing and maintaining our core platforms and security programs. You will work cross-functionally to evolve information security at 98point6 by driving the design and delivery of key security initiatives. This role reports directly to the General Counsel and currently includes management of the Information Security Manager. Responsibilities - Serve as the HIPAA Security Officer, leading the continuous management of information security policies, processes, procedures, training and technical systems in order to maintain the confidentiality, integrity and availability of organizational information systems - Manage a small and growing team of security professionals, including support and career development at the individual level - Establish, manage and continuously improve security strategies and policies based on new or changed regulations, business priorities and security threats - Lead information security and business continuity risk assessment processes through risk treatment planning and implementation to maintain an acceptable security risk profile - Oversee security audits, both internal and third-party, including leading and serving as the main point of contact for the SOC 2 audit and report - Partner with engineering, information technology, compliance and legal teams to refine the process for responding to external security questionnaires that are an essential part of building trust with partners and clients - Own security incident and breach evaluation, risk assessment, investigation and resolution, and oversee the completion of corrective and preventive actions - Ensure compliance with security practices and consistent application of sanctions for failure to comply with security policies for all individuals in the practice’s workforce and for all business associates (BAs) - Coordinate with management and operations to establish a mechanism to track PHI access within the practice, as required by state and federal regulations, and allow qualified individuals to review or receive a report on access activity - Maintain current knowledge of federal and state privacy laws and accreditation standards, healthcare technology industry’s threat landscape and the security industry’s strategies for mitigating such threats - Evaluate budget and expenses associated with security initiatives and programs - Provide periodic reports on performance of security programs to executive management - 7–12+ years within information security; experience working for covered entities under HIPAA preferred - 3+ years managing and building teams - Strong problem-solving skills and creativity to add value and diversity of thought to our team - Skilled at defining, documenting, implementing and maintaining information security management systems - Familiarity or experience working with SOC 2, ISO 27001, HITRUST, NIST or similar standards preferred 98point6 provides equal employment opportunities to all without regard to race, color, religion, sex (including sexual orientation or gender identity), national origin, age, disability, genetic information or other protected status.	https://infosec-jobs.com/job/2163-information-security-officer/
Loadshift towing in Joliet is more common than you think, as a number of trucking companies route their loads through this area, and not all of their loads are safely secured when leaving the yard. This issue is one that trucking companies and drivers of all sizes and skill levels must be aware of. That’s because, when a trailer shifts its load, it can lead to dangerous situations on the road. And by the time you know, it’s too late to do anything about it. On this page, we look at some of the most common causes of load shifting, as well as the potential dangers that can arise from them. We’ll also discuss the precautions that you should take to keep the worst from happening. Let’s begin! Loadshift Towing in Joliet: What Causes a Load to Shift? The first cause of load shifting is unevenly distributed weight. An overloaded trailer or one with an unbalanced weight distribution will cause excessive strain on the hitch and suspension system, resulting in swaying and increased chances of a load shift. To ensure that your trailer is not overloaded, you should always check the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) before loading your trailer. Additionally, you should make sure that the weight is balanced by evenly distributing heavy items throughout the cargo area. Another common cause of load shifting is improper tie-down techniques or inadequate tie-downs. If the tie-downs are too loose or not properly secured, they won’t be able to keep the cargo in place during transit, which increases the risk of a load shift. It’s important to inspect all tie-downs before leaving for each trip, making sure they are tight enough and secure enough to hold up under any driving conditions you might encounter along your route. The third cause of load shifting has to do with mechanical issues such as worn suspension components and loose hinges on doors or gates. Worn suspension components can lead to a decrease in stability while driving, increasing the likelihood of a shift in cargo position within your trailer. It’s important to regularly inspect all parts of your truck and trailer for signs of wear and tear so that you can replace any broken or defective parts before they become a problem on the road. Additionally, if there are any hinges on doors or gates within your truck or trailer, make sure they are firmly secured so that they don’t come loose while in transit.	https://www.jafleet.com/service/loadshift-towing/
FIELD OF THE INVENTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device, method and computer program for priming a person for carrying out a predetermined desired behavior. Healthy nutrition and regular exercise are cornerstones in healthy lifestyle management. It is particularly helpful to follow a regular nutrition plan and to avoid any food intake out of regular mealtimes. WO 2010/070645 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for monitoring eating habits. The apparatus comprises a sensor that detects eating events and identifies an eating pattern of the user. An output unit provides the user with feedback about his eating pattern. The feedback can be audible eating instruction, guidance by lighting, a tactile sensation, a release of taste materials and a release of smell materials. The apparatus can be incorporated into various pieces of silverware, such as fork, spoon and knife or alternatively into a plate or as a part of the table. A drawback of the system is that the user is only provided with feedback or guidance about his eating patterns if the user actively engages with the apparatus when eating. Hence, the system only reacts when the user is already eating. Regular exercise is a second key component in healthy lifestyle management. Although people are aware of this fact, they do not exercise regularly. In addition, adherence to exercise plans is generally low. Even though people schedule regular times for exercise in their calendar, in many cases reminders do not sufficiently stimulate a person to engage in physical activity. Furthermore calendar items are quickly replaced by seemingly more important events. Common for new resolutions is that people decide for an exercise plan, for example start a contract at a gym, but soon afterwards they forget about these plans and return to their sedentary lifestyle. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device and method for priming a person in order to support healthy lifestyle management. It is a further objective of the present invention to proactively support the willingness of a person to engage in a desired behavior. In a first aspect of the present invention, a device for priming a person is presented that comprises a detector for detecting when the person expresses or should express a predetermined behavior, a stimulus unit for providing the person with a sensory stimulus, and a control unit for controlling said stimulus unit to provide the person with a sensory stimulus when it has been detected that the person expresses a predetermined behavior and to provide the same person with the same sensory stimulus when it has been detected that the person expresses or should express said predetermined behavior. In a further aspect of the present invention a method for priming a person is presented that comprises detecting when the person expresses or should express a predetermined behavior, providing the person with a sensory stimulus when it has been detected that the person expresses a predetermined behavior, and providing the same person with the same sensory stimulus when it has been detected that the person expresses or should express said predetermined behavior. In yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer program which comprises program code means for causing a computer to carry out the steps of the method for priming a person according to the present invention when said computer program is carried out on the computer. Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims. It shall be understood that the claimed method, and computer program has similar and/or identical preferred embodiments as the claimed device and as defined in the dependent claims. Instead of reacting on a user's behavior as known in prior art, the present invention actively assists the user in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. In other words, instead of waiting until the user carries out a specific behavior, the present invention supports the willingness of a person to carry out a specific behavior before carrying out said specific behavior, in other words, priming the user for said specific behavior. In addition to supporting the willingness, the present invention can also initiate the willingness to engage in the primed behavior. The phenomenon of priming is generally known from cognitive psychology and neuroscience. The psychological phenomenon through which external stimuli activate neural pathways that are related to such stimuli is known as priming. The association between the stimuli and behavior depends on the person's past experience. The device and method according to the present invention can expose the user to one or more stimuli when the user expresses a predetermined behavior to establish a link between a said predetermined behavior and the stimuli and thus build up the person's experience over time. This is also referred to as associative learning. One can build associations between sensory stimuli and given behaviors through conditioning. A particular form of conditioning termed “classical conditioning” is a reflexive or an automatic type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus. This phenomenon has first been demonstrated by Pavlov. After associating a sound of a bell with food presentation, he managed to trigger the salivary response of a dog. Salivation is the natural response to food presentation. Even though the dog has not been presented with food yet it can be set in a state ready to eat when hearing the sound of the bell. In this case, the natural stimulus food is replaced by the artificial stimulus bell. In classical conditioning, Pavlov first presents the artificial stimulus for conditioning and afterwards presents the unconditioned stimulus, e.g. meat which naturally makes the dog salivate. The present invention has identified that it is best to condition a person while the person himself engages in a predetermined behavior by free will. The device according to the present invention detects when the person expresses said predetermined behavior and provides the person with a sensory stimulus. In other words, the present invention monitors the user and detects when he expresses the predetermined desired behavior. Hence, a natural stimulus is not required to elicit a predetermined behavior. After detecting said predetermined behavior, the sensory stimulus for conditioning is provided. In this way, the association between stimulus and predetermined behavior is established. Now that the link between sensory stimulus and the predetermined behavior has been established, the person can be exposed to the sensory stimulus again to increase the likelihood that the person will express said predetermined behavior as a reaction to said sensory stimulus. In case that the sensory stimulus delivered again while the person is already expressing the predetermined behavior, the purpose of this repeated exposition to the sensory stimulus is to strengthen the conditioning or to maintain it. In an embodiment of the device according to the present invention, the detector is configured to detect one or more behaviors of a group of behaviors including exercising, doing sports, sleeping, waking up, eating, refraining from eating or working. The detector is preferably configured to detect when a person expresses or should express said predetermined behavior by measurement of a biometrical or behavioral signal. Examples for biometrical signals include actigraphy, galvanic skin response (GSR), EEG, electrooculogram, electromyography, ECG, video analysis, speech analysis, breathing, sleeping habits, working habits, and so on. Furthermore, the skin conductance, skin temperature, heart rate or heart rate variability, or other additional psycho-physiological parameters can be used as an input to the device. In general, the physiological state determined from biometrical signals, also including an activity monitor, can be evaluated. In general a behavioral signal is derived from monitoring the behavior of the person. In one example, the behavioral signal is derived based on biometrical signals. The behavior in this context relates to actions or feelings. In second example, a video system detects, when the user stays sedentary e.g. in front of a screen all day. In a third example, a behavioral signal is derived from a response of the person to questions, e.g. an inquiry about daily activity. Answers to questions can also provide supplementary information to sensory data. In a further embodiment, the detector is configured to detect when the person expresses or should express a predetermined behavior automatically from the person's agenda or schedule. A time for going to the gym may be set up as an appointment. If the device does not detect physical activity at the time of the appointment, the person can be primed for exercising. Thus the device according to the invention supports the willingness of the person to go to the gym. The device for priming a person can further comprise an interface for receiving and/or transmitting information about the person and/or in relation to said predetermined behavior. For example, the device can be supplied with information about the body fitness, age, weight and medical condition of the person. The device can also be configured to communicate with a fitness device so as to verify that the user engaged in the desired physical activity. Information acquired by the device can also be sent to a database for a doctor to have access on the desired behavior of the person. In a further embodiment, the device for priming a person comprises a sensor for monitoring parameters related to said predetermined behavior. In an exemplary embodiment, this sensor provides further biometrical signals. The sensor can be incorporated into a fitness device and connected to the device for priming a person by the aforementioned interface. Further sensors, such as a door sensor of a fridge, an acceleration sensor, an audio capturing device, or sensors built into a mobile device such as a smart phone, can be added. The sensor can also be configured to monitor food intake or portion control. In an embodiment, the stimulus unit is configured to provide the person with a group of one or more sensory stimuli out of a set of sensory stimuli including an olfactory stimulus, a stimulus of taste, an audible stimulus, a visual stimulus or a tactile stimulus. In order to support a person in maintaining a healthy personalized meal plan the person can be provided with appetite stimulants such as black pepper, baked bread or vanilla supporting the willingness of a person to eat when it is mealtime according to his nutrition plan. Alternatively, appetite inhibiting scents can be released when it is not the right time for food intake. This can be further combined with a location sensor that releases appetite inhibiting scents when approaching a fast food restaurant with possibly unhealthy food. It should be emphasized that that the various stimuli can be simultaneously presented in order to enhance the effect. Various stimuli can be of the same modality, e.g. a combination of three olfactory stimuli, or of different modality, e.g. two olfactory stimuli in combination with an audible stimulus, such as a jingle, and a video or picture visual stimulus. In a further aspect of the invention, sensory stimuli are delivered as subliminal stimuli. In other words stimuli are delivered without the user being consciously aware. As an example a weak scent is provided that is not consciously recognized by the user. Alternatively the illumination spectrum of the living room lighting slightly changed so as to resemble the lighting spectrum in a gym. Any stimulus of the group of stimuli can be delivered as a subliminal stimulus. In yet another embodiment, said stimulus unit is configured to randomly select and provide a sub-group of one or more sensory stimuli from said group of stimuli when it has been detected that the person expresses a predetermined behavior. A random selection of a sub-group of stimuli from a group of stimuli that have been associated with a predetermined behavior can further support the willingness of a person to engage in a specific behavior by preventing habituation to a specific stimulus. For example a sound, smell or picture or any combination thereof can be randomly presented when it has been detected that the person expresses a predetermined behavior. All stimuli from the group are associated with the desired behavior. The willingness of the person to engage in said desired behavior can be randomly supported by any stimulus or sub-group of stimuli out of said group. In another aspect of the present invention, the control unit is configured to assess the effectiveness of each stimulus in eliciting the predetermined behavior. The response of the person to stimuli can be used to establish a continuously developing and learning system. For example, if it is noted that influence of a certain stimulus or group of stimuli is greater than others, this stimulus can be used more often, and by itself, while stimuli that elicit a weaker response can be used together. In addition, different stimulation algorithms and methodologies, taking into account the past learning about the effectiveness of stimuli can be developed and tailored to the needs of a specific person. The control unit can also be configured to control said stimulus unit to provide the person with a different sensory stimulus for different behaviors of the same person. For example, a first combination of audible stimulus and olfactory stimulus may be associated with doing sports, an audible stimulus with sleeping and a second combination of audible and olfactory stimulus with dinner. The device may further comprise a selection unit for allowing the selection of the stimulus for a predetermined behavior. This way the stimulus or group of stimuli can be selected according to user preferences, which ensures better conditioning and priming. In a further embodiment, the stimulus unit is a fragrance unit comprising a scent container holding a set of fragrances, a scent dispensing unit and a scent control unit for controlling the composition of fragrances in said scent container that are dispensed by said scent dispensing unit. In a different embodiment of the device according to the present invention, the detector comprises a movement detector in particular an accelerometer, an imaging unit or a motion sensor. This movement detector can monitor the activity level of a person during the day and in case the activity level has been too low issue a stimulus priming the person to engage in exercise. FIG. 1 1 2 3 4 A device for priming a person according to the present invention is illustrated by way of an example in the block diagram shown in . In the illustrated embodiment the device for priming a person comprises a detector , a control unit , and a stimulus unit . 2 2 3 3 4 The detector is configured to detect when the person expresses or should express the predetermined behavior. The type of detector depends on the application and is tailored towards the predetermined behavior that is to be detected. The detector can for example be configured to detect when a scheduled event is due. This information is provided to a control unit . The control unit in turn controls the stimulus unit to provide the person with a sensory stimulus when it has been detected that the person expresses a predetermined behavior and to provide the same person with the same sensory stimulus when it has been detected that a person expresses or should express said predetermined behavior. The stimulus unit is configured to provide the person with a group of one or more sensory stimuli out of a set of sensory stimuli including an olfactory stimulus, a stimulus of taste, an audible stimulus, a visual stimulus, or a tactile stimulus. 1 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 8 5 2 5 2 3 FIG. 2 FIG. 1 An alternative embodiment of a device ′ according to the present invention is shown in . In addition to the detector , control unit and stimulus unit as shown in , the device ′ according to this embodiment further comprises one or more of a sensor , an interface , a selection unit , and an interface of the selection unit . It should be noted that any of these elements can either be added alone or in various combinations thereof. The sensor in this embodiment is an acceleration sensor. The detector evaluates the signals coming from said acceleration sensor and evaluates how much the person moves during the day. This information in turn is supplied from the detector to the control unit . 1 6 3 6 5 2 3 3 6 3 3 4 The device ′ further comprises an interface for receiving external information. For example the control unit may be coupled to a database that has access to the schedule of a person via the interface . Supposedly the acceleration sensor has not sensed sufficient movement of the person during the day then the detector determines that the person should get more active and engage in physical activity. This information is forwarded to the control unit . The control unit now queries the database of the person via the interface . By this process the control unit may receive the information that the person has scheduled a meeting and that the meeting is going to last about one more hour. Hence, the control unit decides that it is not the right time to stimulate the person for exercise. It is appropriate to wait one more hour until the person will be stimulated for exercise by providing a stimulus via the stimulus unit that has previously been associated with exercise. FIG. 2 5 2 3 4 In an alternative embodiment the device for priming a person according to the invention as shown in , the sensor is a video camera, for example a webcam mounted on top of the screen where the person is working at. This video data can be evaluated by the detector to determine, whether the person was sitting still in front of the screen all day. Furthermore, the video data may be evaluated to determine whether the person had time for a proper meal or was just eating a little snack in front of the screen. This information is again provided to the control unit . The control unit in turn controls the stimulus unit to provide a stimulus for eating according to the desired nutrition plan. 6 7 8 8 7 4 3 7 In this embodiment the device for priming a person does not feature an interface but has an additional selection unit and an interface of the selection unit. The interface of the selection unit is a human machine interface that allows the user to select a stimulus that should be applied through the stimulus unit by configuring the control unit through a selection unit . Hence the stimulus or group of stimuli is selected according to user preferences, thereby ensuring a higher motivational effect of said stimulus or group of stimuli. The process of priming a person for a predetermined behavior—in the following example priming for exercise—is a two phase process. An association phase to establish a link between a predetermined behavior and a stimulus is followed by a priming phase to support the willingness of a person to express said predetermined behavior. FIG. 3 FIG. 2 11 10 5 12 15 11 6 11 3 4 14 16 shows a device for priming a person for exercising during association phase. A person is exercising, for example running. Physiological signals are measured by a sensor as shown in . In this example the physiological signals may include the heart rate provided by a device-internal heart rate sensor. Furthermore, if the exercise is carried out on a fitness device , then the fitness device may comprise an additional external sensor connected to the device for priming a person via an external interface . When the detector of the device detects a certain arousal level, i.e. when the user is in high arousal state for a certain duration of time, the association phase is triggered. The control unit then controls the stimulus unit to release a stimulus. In this example the stimulus is a combination of an olfactory stimulus and an audible stimulus . For example, when the user has high skin conductance and heart rate level continuously for more than three minutes, it is obvious that he is in highly active state. Observing that the user is maintaining a high activity level for a certain amount of time is an indication that he is motivated and enjoying running. This time of intrinsic motivation when the person expresses a predetermined desired behavior is the right time to release the fragrance and audio stimuli. 15 If the person is not working out on a fitness device but is running in the field the information from the external sensor of the fitness device can easily be substituted by a different sensor for example an acceleration sensor. 11 The fragrance stimuli are generally released locally using dispensers that are integrated in the device . In the case of local delivery, the fragrance can be directed to the target user. This way other people in the same environment are not influenced. The same holds true for stimuli of different modality. Alternatively, in the case of sparse delivery, the association can be established for multiple people. 11 11 In a preferred embodiment the sound is played back by the device . However, the device may equally trigger an audio player to play back the audible stimulus. The audible stimulus may be in form of a jingle that is cheerful and memorable. A jingle typically is a short sound of about one to ten, preferably two to five seconds duration. For the case that the user is listening to music during workout, the audible stimulus may be presented either between different songs or at transition points in songs where there are no vocals. In an alternative embodiment the volume of the current song can be lowered and the priming sound can be presented to the user. Sound and fragrance can be presented at different instants in time or preferably be presented at the same time to achieve the strongest effect by presenting a multi-sensory stimulus. It helps to build up the person's experience and strong association with the said stimuli if the stimuli are presented several times during exercising. Fragrances and sounds can be chosen such that they have energizing effects. At the end of this association phase the user has built up a link between exercising and the presented stimuli which can now be used for priming the person for exercising as will be explained in the next Figure. FIG. 4 FIG. 4 FIG. 4 FIG. 4 a b c illustrates the process of priming a person for exercising. In it is shown that the user sets up a training schedule. In it is shown that a stimulus or combination of stimuli is presented to the person when the activity is due. In it is shown that the user engages in a desired activity. A stimulus or combination of stimuli is presented to strengthen the association between activity and stimulus. The steps will now be described in more detail. FIG. 4 a 17 In the device for priming a person is implemented as a device that can be worn around the wrist like a sports watch. The user can program when he/she should express a predetermined behavior, for example running at 6 p.m. Programming can be done via a human-machine-interface . Alternatively this information can be provided wired or wireless from an external data source either by the user himself or by medical personnel. 11 18 19 11 14 11 20 14 10 FIG. 4 b When the time for exercise comes, the user is monitored for a certain amount of time, for example thirty minutes, to determine if he/she indeed follows the plan. The sensor for monitoring can be built into the device . Alternatively an external source monitors the person as illustrated in using the video camera mounted on top of the computer screen . When it has been detected that the activity is overdue, the device for priming a person releases one or more of the stimuli that have been associated with that desired action. An audible stimulus can be provided by the device or by an external source such as speakers . This stimulus supports the willingness of the person to engage in the predetermined activity by priming the person for said predetermined activity. 10 FIG. 4 c. The stimuli activate the brain regions that are associated with the physical activity. For example the user recalls his activity (running) and the emotions he/she felt at that time, motor regions for legs and hands become more active. These changes in the user's mental and physical state can also trigger the release of several hormones, such as dopamine. As a result, the user then feels motivated and decides to do his exercises as planned. In consequence, the person is more likely to follow his plan, as shown in Besides scheduling when a predetermined behavior should be expressed, the user may trigger the stimulus on demand. Alternatively the right time for triggering the stimulus can be determined from biometrical signals or activity monitoring. During the activity, a stimulus or combination of olfactory and audible stimulus can be repeated again to strengthen the association between stimulus and activity. FIG. 4 c 10 21 22 12 19 In an alternative embodiment during repeated exercise as shown in a different sensory stimulus is applied to the same person for the same activity. The person may be exposed to a visual stimulus presented for example on a display of the fitness device and a second audible stimulus through headphones. A visual stimulus can easily be presented to a user on the computer screen . The user now establishes an association with the newly presented stimuli and the same activity. The stimuli previously presented to the person during priming phase and the newly presented stimuli for the same activity now form one group of stimuli associated with said activity. In order to prevent habituation the stimulus unit may randomly select any sub-group of one or more sensory stimuli from said group of stimuli associated with said predetermined behavior. Furthermore, the control unit assesses the effectiveness of each stimulus, group or sub-group of stimuli in eliciting the predetermined behavior. For example one person is more responsive to audible and olfactory stimuli, while another person is stimulated best with visual stimuli. Of course, it is also possible to configure the stimulus unit to provide the person with a different sensory stimulus or group of different sensory stimuli for different behaviors of the same person. 5 5 In a further embodiment the person can be primed for recovery after exercising. Similar to the embodiment mentioned before, the person is now provided with a different sensory stimulus when the detector has detected that the person is in a relaxed quiet state, for example by evaluating a regular breathing frequency and a low heart rate with the sensor that is configured to detect biometrical signals. After exercising the user can be exposed to said stimulus that is associated with relaxation to help recover faster. FIG. 5 40 40 41 42 42 44 44 44 43 45 46 40 47 a b c shows a specific embodiment of a stimulus unit as a fragrance unit . The fragrance unit receives a control signal from the control unit. The signal is processed by the scent control unit . The scent control unit in turn controls the release of different fragrances , , that are contained in a scent container . The scent control unit may select an individual fragrance or any combination thereof. The selected fragrances are then released through the scent dispensing unit . An olfactory stimulus is released from the fragrance unit to be perceived by the user . FIG. 2 5 2 5 2 4 3 The present invention is not limited to priming a person for specific actions but can also assist in priming a person for specific feelings. Referring again to , the sensor can be an audio-capturing device. The detector evaluates a signal coming from said audio sensor . In one embodiment the detector detects laughter in said audio stream. Laughter is an indicator for positive feelings. Hence, a stimulus can be applied through the stimulus unit by control unit in case laughter has been detected in order to associate said positive feelings with said stimulus. When it is desired that the person should express said positive feelings, the user can be provided with said stimulus associated with the positive feelings to lift the mood of the person. 40 40 In an embodiment, the fragrance unit dispenses satiety-priming fragrances to diminish the appetite of the user. The user can activate or de-activate the fragrance unit depending on her/his preferences. The schedule for dispensing the appetite suppressant scents is preferably defined by taking into account the craving frequency, which is e.g. known from M. Pelchat, “Food Cravings in Young and Elderly Adults,” Appetite, vol. 28, 1997. Consequently, fragrance dispensing is done more frequently in the early evening. 43 — The scent container in such an embodiment has appetite suppressing scents such as citric scents (e.g. lemon, grapefruit), peppermint, or cinnamon (see e.g. http://www.ehow.com/list6883981_fragrances-decrease-appetite.html). The type of fragrance to be dispensed at a particular moment is randomly selected out of the set of fragrances in the scent container. Random selection prevents habituation. 42 42 43 In another embodiment the scent control unit includes a craving control program as e.g. described above for the previous embodiment. In addition, the scent control unit primes the appetite of the user at the times specified by the user's nutrition program using appetite-stimulant scents. The scent container in such an embodiment does not only contain the appetite-suppressant scents but also appetite-stimulant scents such as black pepper, baked bread, or vanilla. Extra-sensors can be used in this embodiment to monitor food intake. In this case portion control can be achieved by notifying the user when the consumed food exceeds planned limits. It is also an option to request the user to notify of her/his meals using a mobile phone application. Various mobile-phone applications exist to help the user in getting awareness of her/his eating habits. While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive; the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. A single element or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. A computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter. In the following drawings: FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device for priming a person according to the present invention; FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an alternative embodiment of the device for priming a person according to the present invention with additional features; FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention during conditioning phase on a fitness device; FIG. 4 shows an operational circle of the present invention when priming a person for exercise; and FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a fragrance unit according to the present invention.
Composing against the tide. Updated: Jan 17, 2019 Early 20th-century Australian female composers and their piano music A surprisingly large number of women born in Australia between 1860 and 1915 became composers of piano music. For most of them this was not a task easily accomplished - they did not always receive encouragement, let alone earn a living from their creative work. Many of these composers have been largely forgotten, most of their works perhaps irretrievably lost. Jeanell Carrigan has been researching and discovering this repertoire, playing and recording the music of these women - and now writing their story in a new book entitled Composing Against the Tide, available now from the AMC. Composing Against the Tide is the story of thirty Australian women, born between 1860 and 1915, who were composers of piano music. Although some achieved certain renown in their lifetime and their music was performed and published, most are completely forgotten today. Why have most of them been forgotten, their music relegated to library archives? Was it because their music has since been classified as old-fashioned - or because they were women composers? Were their battles any harder than those of their male peers at the same time? Was it because they wrote using outdated idioms? Not all of those composers have been forgotten: the list includes Peggy Glanville-Hicks, Margaret Sutherland, Dulcie Holland, Miriam Hyde and Mirrie Hill, and their lesser-known colleagues Meta Overman, Marjorie Hesse, Linda Phillips, Esther Rofe and Phyllis Batchelor. It also includes the almost completely unknown Mona McBurney, Una Bourne, May Brahe, Katherine (Kitty) Parker, Vera Buck, Iris de Cairos-Rego, May Summerbelle, Maud Fitz-Stubbs, Josephine Bell, Esther Kahn and Florence Donaldson Ewart. My long-term project to research the music of these composers has resulted in three concrete outputs. It was always the aim to collect as many of the scores of all the women born into this time frame and to publish those scores. This has been completed. There are now three volumes (see the AMC Shop for details volume I; volume II, volume II) of scores published, containing 65 works by 25 of the mentioned composers. Remaining works not included in the volumes are being typeset for digitisation and storage purposes. The same 65 works have also all been recorded, and the recordings are available with the scores so that anyone who can not play the instrument can still hear the music performed. Also a 'favourites' compilation disc Nostalgia - Piano Music by Australian Women has been produced, and broadcast now on many occasions nationally and internationally. Part three of the project was to put the composers' lives and works into a written document. The book Composing against the tide gives a historical overview, biographical details about the composers, and information about their piano music. The book is already available, and it'll be launched officially on 4 March in Burradoo by composer Ann Carr-Boyd. As hinted above, there are most likely several reasons why the piano music and these composers may have been discarded. I firstly assumed that it was because they were women, daring to venture into the male domain of composition. Or perhaps it was because their music was very old-fashioned, even at the time it was composed, and used an unoriginal and copied idiom. Did these composers venture into the compositional trends of the time - serialism, neo-classicism, used modes of their own devising? Or was it because the music was badly composed and had not stood the test of time - did they in fact deserve to be forgotten? Or was their music lost simply because it was not published and existed in a single, unphotocopied, facsimile form? Was it that composers of only piano music were not considered important enough? After my research, I was convinced that gender discrimination was certainly an issue. It was difficult for women living in the early part of the 20th century to gain any recognition as a composer. As composer Nigel Butterley has said: 'In the 40s and 50s commissions were scarce enough for men. They were an absolutely closed shop for women.' Margaret Sutherland received her first commission when she was 70 - she had made the decision to become a composer almost 45 years earlier, in 1923. It is also estimated that, up to that time, she had scarcely made $160 a year in royalties. This is a woman who wrote operas, symphonic works, works for small and large ensembles; at least 20 major works for piano and many other compositions. However Margaret Sutherland fared better than many women. At least she felt she could state out loud her decision to become a composer. Linda Phillips was often asked why she was not at home tending the children. Esther Rofe once said, 'The funny thing is, if you are writing a letter you are left in peace; but if you are composing… people think you can still talk about the man who fell from the Big Ben's scaffolding, or the hunger marches through Hyde Park'. May Brahe recalled having to stop composing to place the weekly meat order with the butcher who was at the door. Some of the composers married, and domestic duties and child-raising sapped energy that could have been used for creative pursuits. There were opportunities for women to study composition, however - not only in Australia but overseas as well. Fritz Hart, (1874-1949), born in England and arriving in Australia in 1909, was a teacher of a great many women composers in Melbourne in the 1920s and '30s. His students included Peggy Glanville-Hicks, Margaret Sutherland, Linda Phillips, Esther Rofe, Vera Buck and Phyllis Batchelor. Universities in Australia allowed women to study arts much more readily than medicine, and there was, from 1891, firstly the Melbourne Conservatorium, followed by the Elder and then Sydney Conservatoriums in 1915. Many of the women travelled to England or Europe and were given the opportunity to study with English and European composers such as Arnold Bax, John Ireland, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Nadia Boulanger, and others. Some of the composers missed out on the opportunity: Mirrie Solomon (Hill) would have left for England in 1914 but World War I broke out. Linda Phillips was not allowed to travel unchaperoned and went on to marry when she was very young. Phyllis Batchelor decided that it was wiser to study in Australia with Fritz Hart and then establish herself in Melbourne before the jobs were all taken! Was their music considered old-fashioned? Composer Alfred Hill, said (in an ABC interview on 28 March 1953), 'To me there are only two kinds of music - good or bad. All old music has at one time been modern and all modern music will one day become old so why worry? Time is a great critic that puts them in their place'. All of the composers that I examined wrote using a musical language that became their own, recognisable voice. Composers such as Peggy Glanville-Hicks, Margaret Sutherland and Meta Overman each developed a very original voice in their compositions, based on their experiences and influences from the teachers with whom they studied. Glanville-Hicks studied with Fritz Hart, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Egon Wellesz (the serialist - even if only for six months) and Nadia Boulanger, as well as absorbing influences from the many contemporary composers in America when she worked as critic for the Herald Tribune in New York. She began perhaps with the English pastoral style, then encountered serialism, then the neoclassicism of Boulanger. Her music is diverse while at the same time original, reflecting these influences. Margaret Sutherland began with Fritz Hart, then spent time studying with Arnold Bax who was more mentor than teacher. Her music was influenced firstly by the English pastoral style and that of Bax. She soon integrated these influences into her own personal idiom absorbing other styles of the early 20th century, such as music of Bartók, Hindemith and neo-classicism as found in Poulenc, Ravel and Milhaud. Dutch-born composer Meta Overman studied in the 1930s and '40s, before coming to Australia with teacher and composer Wilhelm Pijper who was one of the foremost Dutch teachers of composition of the 20th century. From 1930, Willem Pijper was the director of the Rotterdam Conservatorium - his own compositional style had been influenced by the music of Debussy, Ravel and Mahler. Looking at the works of Meta Overman it is possible to see that her style developed constantly. Her later works were influenced by Keith Humble and, in those works, she uses alternative notation, random theory and electronics. These three composers definitely embraced the current compositional trends of the time - it's unlikely their music would have been considered old-fashioned at the time of composition. Some of the other composers that I examined wrote in the fashion that they had adopted when learning their craft. In some cases it was the late romantic English/ European style, but all of them showed development and a willingness to be flexible in the style they used. Regarding opportunities to get works published, all Australian composers, male and female, suffered from the expectation that what originated from Australia was not as good as something from Europe or America. It was difficult to get works published, and even harder for the female composers. Almost every composer I researched had works published under pseudonyms - mostly the pseudonyms they adopted were male names. This often allowed them to be published without question. Looking at the publication history of many of these composers, it is possible to observe that the main success came through the publication of pedagogical works or songs, particularly in those cases where the works were utilised in an exam situation by, for example, the AMEB or similar organisations. The composers Miriam Hyde, Dulcie Holland, Mirrie Hill, Josephine Bell and Marjorie Hesse were all educators, performing the role of piano teachers and examiners for the Australian Music Examinations Board (AMEB). A great deal of the piano repertoire they wrote was intended for students at a particular grade or skill level. Those works that were published have, to a great extent, survived. The works that were published and held in any sort of library can now be accessed online and downloaded, thanks to the National Llibrary of Australia's digitising process. Anything which was not published, however, ran the risk of being lost. Meta Overman lost a piano sonata because it was left on a bus - there had only been one copy. Glanville-Hicks had bonfires every ten years or so, burning works she didn't want to keep. She also lived on three continents and moved constantly. It is unlikely she would have kept every piece of music she wrote in facsimile. Margaret Sutherland threw away a great deal of what she wrote. There are many records referring to piano works being composed and performed in multiple recitals, however no copies of that piano music is to be found - yet! Perhaps they may still be discovered. Another reason some composers' works are better known may be connected to the other repertoire that they wrote. I found that some of the composers, for example Iris de Cairos-Rego, Marjorie Hesse and Josephine Bell, only wrote piano music. Their colleagues who composed more and larger works, such as operas or symphonic works (for example Margaret Sutherland and Peggy Glanville-Hicks) became well known for these works and their piano music was listed as just something they also wrote. Was their music just not well written enough? Deciding whether a piece of music is good or bad is usually contemplated subjectively. In some cases, I thought the music I found was absolutely fabulous - it took my breath away. The very small output of seven works by Kitty Parker, for example, is exquisite - as well written for the piano as anything written at the same time and in the same style. Parker was a great fan of Percy Grainger, and heavily influenced by Grainger's style. He introduced Kitty to the music of Ravel and Debussy that she had never previously encountered. Grainger said of Parker: 'I have never found anyone in a million places who plays with the charm, empathy, skill, and sweet feeling that you always had in your superb playing.' Miriam Hyde, Iris de Cairos-Rego, Dulcie Holland and Marjorie Hesse were pianists as well as teachers. They understood the actual craft of playing - what is possible, what works best, what is the best way of writing on an instrument that they were so familiar with. This was good music! After great deliberation on the 'why' for the neglect, I could only surmise that it was due to a combination of different causes. It was not only gender-related, not only because they perhaps didn't evolve as composers after the initial influences that they absorbed and portrayed; not merely because they only wrote piano music or their music was only sporadically published, but a combination of all these reasons. They did often meet blatant sexism; they did suffer from a lack of publication. Their works were lost and left on buses, they were sometimes considered too old fashioned and in some case their output was very small and exclusive. These factors together created a situation of being forgotten. Why should it be important to rediscover these composers and their music - what possible connection could it have to someone living in 2016? My motto has always been: if Australians don't play and promote Australian music who will? Can we really expect musicians from Europe, America or Asia to be excited about our music if we aren't? So, for me, to play and promote the piano music written by Australian women is very important. The book Composing Against the Tide is my attempt at reviving interest in these inspirational women composers.	https://www.jeanellcarrigan.com/post/composing-against-the-tide
. . John Baptist Vanhal ranks among the most prominent composers of the late 18th century. In Viennese classicism he rightfully occupies a position next to Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Vanhal belongs to the best authors in the subgenre of symphonies written in a minor key, which appeared in late 1760’s. His Symphony in f minor (bryan f1), is unique already in its choice of key. Together with Symphony in c minor it is a perfect example of music from the short period called sometimes Sturm und Drang. Composed probably in 1773—1774, it ranks among Vanhal’s mature symphonic works. It is very impressive and belongs among the Vanhal’s best works. Especially striking is the first movement, transmitting a gloomy atmosphere. The second movement, Cantabile, attracts by a remarkable viola solo and in its character resembles a part of a solo instrumental concert, a feature occurring more frequently in Vanhal’s music. While this symphony is in three movements, the symphony in c minor, has already the classical four-movement structure with the minuet and the final allegro. Without any concern, both symphonies can be compared with those by more famous masters: Haydn (no. 44, in E minor), or Mozart (no. 25, G minor, KV 183) which were written in the same period. Between the two symphonies of today’s evening, there is inserted a rather unique composition written by another Czech composer, Franz Ignaz Anton Tuma (1704–1774). Although he spent half of his live Vienna (partially as a court organist) and dedicated himself mostly to church compositions, among his works there is also this remarkable Sonata for eight concerted instrumental voices including a pair of French horns. . Performing: violin – Magdalena Malá, Martina Kuncl Štillerová, Veronika Manová,	http://www.early-music.cz/en/concerts/valtice-baroque-night-2/jan-krtitel-vanhal-and-his-friends/
Utility Dive quoted AEE's Leah Rubin Shen on aspects of the House reconciliation bill. Read snippets below and the full article here. The House Ways and Means Committee will meet Tuesday to vote on tax incentives for clean energy and electric vehicles as part of the committee’s portion of the $3.5 trillion budget reconciliation spending plan. The committee's proposed section of the budget bill, released Friday, would extend the investment tax credit (ITC) and production tax credit for solar and wind energy for 10 years, with phase-outs for both beginning in 2032. The legislative language also adds new domestic production requirements and additional credits for clean energy projects that pay prevailing wages... Under the Ways and Means proposal, the ITC and PTC would be extended at their full rate through 2031, then drop to 80% in 2032 and 60% in 2033. The proposal would also make available additional credits of up to 10% for facilities that use domestic materials. The ITC would also be expanded to energy storage projects, microgrid controllers and biogas projects. Additionally, solar projects would be eligible for additional tax incentives for serving low-income communities, with credits determined based on community characteristics. "AEE is pleased to see a wide variety of policies proposed that would strengthen the advanced energy industry and its domestic manufacturing capacity," Leah Rubin Shen, director of federal policy at Advanced Energy Economy, said in a statement. "We urge Congress to approve this suite of policies that would create thousands of new U.S. manufacturing jobs and deliver an excellent return on investment for the U.S. economy." Read the full article here.	https://blog.advancedenergyunited.org/articles/utility-dive-house-committee-to-vote-on-expanded-ev-and-clean-energy-tax-credits-including-storage-hydrogen
Swarovski is delighted to partner with the V&A in bringing Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty to London in spring 2015. This landmark exhibition, the first major retrospective of the late designer’s work to be presented in Europe, tells the sartorial tale of a visionary designer who changed the face of fashion. Savage Beauty, which will run from 14 March to 19 July 2015, features several show pieces created by Alexander McQueen in collaboration with Swarovski, including a crystal mesh hooded top from McQueen’s Spring/Summer 1999 collection, and Bird’s Nest Headdress, which was created in collaboration with Philip Treacy and Shaun Leane for his Autumn/Winter 2006 Widows of Culloden show. The exhibition, which spans McQueen’s career from his 1992 MA graduate collection to his unfinished Autumn/Winter 2010 collection, premiered at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York in 2011, where it was one of the museum’s most visited shows. The V&A’s staging of Savage Beauty will bring the drama and spectacle that characterized McQueen’s runway shows back to London, the town where he grew up, studied and established his global fashion brand.	http://lookoutmagazine.es/en/swarovski-traslada-al-museo-va-la-retrospectiva-de-alexander-mcqueen/
Co-Authored By: Asked by: Ibraima Oldereligion and spirituality christianity What was the religion of the Byzantine Empire? Last Updated: 17th February, 2020 Click to see full answer. Considering this, what religion was practiced in the Byzantine Empire? The type of Christianity practiced in Byzantium was called Eastern Orthodox. Eastern Orthodox Christianity is still practiced today. The head of the Eastern Orthodox Church is called the Patriarch of Constantinople. There were also men called bishops in the major cities of the Empire. Also, when did Christianity become the official religion of the Byzantine Empire? With the Edict of Thessalonica in 380 AD, Emperor Theodosius I made Nicene Christianity the Empire's state religion. Regarding this, how did religion play a role in the Byzantine Empire? The state religion also united people in a common belief. The Eastern Orthodox Church played a central role in daily life. Church Hierarchy Like Roman Catholic clergy, Orthodox clergy were ranked in order of importance. In Byzantine times, the emperor had supreme authority in the Church. What happened to Christianity during the Byzantine Empire? Christianity. In the course of the fourth century, the Roman world became increasingly Christian, and the Byzantine Empire was certainly a Christian state. Only the pope in Rome was his superior. After the Great Schism of 1054 the eastern (Orthodox) church separated form the western (Roman Catholic) church.	https://everythingwhat.com/what-was-the-religion-of-the-byzantine-empire
Humans are neither individually special nor even so collectively supreme as we have lately been purporting to be. This is what Amy Dillard, in 'For the Time Being' and Karen Armstrong, in 'The Case For God', operating on the framework that God is unexplainable, focus on the human aspect of religion (religion in this sense, to give a visual, being somewhat like a short length of rope, one side being commanded by God, and the other by humankind). Using her own anecdotes and observations, peppered here and there by the philosophical extracts of various theorists, Dillard reminds us that our place on earth is not a temporary state of being, not a means to an end (heaven) but an end in and of itself. Armstrong, using a similar style, though incorporating more history and explaining the definition and usage of colloquial phrases and terms such as God, advances this idea that humans have forgotten their place in the world and emphasizes that humans have become, in a sense, too calculating for the simplicity that is supposed to be being.' Perhaps what makes Dillard so convincing is that she does not hesitate to tell us precisely what we do not want to hearthe fact that humans are not particularly exceptionaland the relaxed way in which she does so. She conveys this point in a manner in which one would least expect it: the manner of a casual storyteller, a simple observer of the world. [...] The problem with this contention is that it leads to us to see ourselves not as owners of our lives, but as mere tenants in them. Instead of accepting the reality of the existence of problems, of evil, etc. we tend to question the reason for their existence, exclaim that, whatever that reason may be, God is ultimately to blame, and conclude that we are hopeless, powerless, inept not because we made ourselves that way but because we were made that way. [...] [...] For in the beginning of her text, Dillard explains our origins. She describes an obstetrical ward as being “surely the widest deep-sea vent on earth” for that is “where people come out.” (Dillard, 36). We come out of the earth. Surely, too, years ago, forests and plains, tents and cottage huts, the backs of wagon- trains, and the bellies of ships—wherever we happened to be—were also part of this intertwining system of deep-sea vents. Dillard tells us another story of when she saw firsthand the birth of people, in the form of the excavation of the Chinese emperor, Emperor Qin's, terracotta statue army. [...] [...] The other contributing factors were the facts that biblical stories, mass, and the like, were taught as symbolism, and sermons were given in Latin, which added to an overall sense of mysticism (Armstrong, x). God's answers were really answers that we found within ourselves. Now, however, we instead “tend to tame and domesticate God's ‘otherworldliness.' We regularly ask God to bless our nation, save our queen, cure our sickness, or give us a fine day for the picnic. We remind God that he has created the world and that we are miserable sinners, as though this may have slipped his mind.” (Armstrong, viv). [...] [...] Logos, by leading us to seek to “master reality, explain it, and bring it under the control of reason” (Armstrong, xiv) resulted in scientific progress—industrialization, etc—but it also handicapped us by robbing us of our ability to think in terms of mythos. Mythos was “designed to help people negotiate the obscure regions of the psyche, which are difficult to access but which profoundly influence our thought and behavior. People had to enter the warren of their own minds and fight their person demons.” (Armstrong, xi). [...] using our reader.	https://www.oboolo.com/philosophy-literature/humanities-philosophy/book-review/earth-blanket-struggle-human-importance-described-annie-dillard-being-karen-618634.html
OpenUCT Home → Theses / Dissertations → Masters → View Item Enabling grassroots innovation by youth in Cape Town's townships http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22862 Theses / Dissertations > Masters Abstract: Grassroots innovation has been recognized as a valuable means to empower local communities to address developmental issues. Enabling youth in townships to solve local problems is of particular interest in South Africa due to the poor socioeconomic conditions in these areas. These conditions include high unemployment rates amongst youth, which leads to youth disenfranchisement. There is a lack of support for grassroots innovation because it falls outside of mainstream support structures for innovation. Standard market incentives are less relevant for this socially driven form of innovation. Innovation competitions are a potential alternate mechanism to incentivize grassroots innovation. However, the danger with external incentives is that they can crowd out intrinsic motivation through the overjustification effect. Intrinsic motivation is necessary to increase creativity, performance and long-term engagement in an activity. Therefore, this study seeks to understand what motivates youth to take part in grassroots innovation activities, and how to use an innovation competition to provide appropriate incentives for these motivations. A gamification framework is used to analyse these motivations and the effects of incentives. This is an empirical study that focuses on Innovate the Cape, a high school innovation competition in Cape Town. Furthermore, given that this form of innovation in this developmental context is poorly understood, the learning processes are analysed. An innovation systems approach is used to explore the motivations of the actors and analyse their interactions within this institutional context. A qualitative study was conducted with 18 semi-structured interviews and 9 focus groups. The analysis revealed that participants had a broad range of motivations beyond the competition prize, which was seen more as a means to an end. Dominant motivations included making a social impact, social influence, personal development and the desire to learn. By taking these motivations into account, competition incentives can be used as a means to empower participants through rich learning experiences. Diverse interpersonal interaction and experiential learning were found to be vital components of the learning process. These components are sorely lacking in the local school system. There is a lack of accessible and relevant formal institutional support for early stage grassroots innovation. Furthermore, informal institutional factors underpinned many of the findings on the motivations and learning processes of the participants. On a systems level, it was shown that facilitating innovative behaviour on the grassroots level resulted in institutional building. Reference: Louw, S. 2016. Enabling grassroots innovation by youth in Cape Town's townships. University of Cape Town. Louw, Stefan 2016 Innovation Youth Development Show full item record Files in this item thesis_ebe_2016_louw_stefan.pdf This item appears in the following Collection(s) Masters Browse All of OpenUCT Communities & Collections By Date Authors Titles Subjects Department Faculty This Collection By Date Authors Titles Subjects Department Faculty Statistics View Usage Statistics Back to top About \| Help \| Contacts \| OpenUCT \| University of Cape Town © University of Cape Town 2014. All rights reserved. Resources on this site are free to download and reuse according to associated licensing provision. Please read the terms and conditions of usage of each resource.	https://open.uct.ac.za/handle/11427/22862
Four years ago, at Newton Wellesley Hospital School of Nursing, instructor and student evaluations revealed the need for a nursing course that would clearly present communication skills applicable to the clinical setting. Communications theory, a major thread of the school's conceptual framework previously was the responsibility of the Social Science Department. Communication theory is now integrated into the first nursing course. Principles and techniques learned in the first level provide a foundation for clinical application throughout our two-year program. One of the strongest reasons for this change was the school's philosophy of man. Man may be considered as a "world" within himself, with the ability and the right to think, act, feel, react to his environment. As he reacts and interacts, he is continually changing in response to his surroundings. We believe that it is from this holistic view of man that nurses function to deliver individualized care - care which requires sharing, processing, and disseminating of information occurring in the presence of a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. Pluckham (1978, p. 152) defines the therapeutic relationship as one "in which the psychological climate ie such that it facilitates positive change and growth in the client." She further describes the therapeutic use of self as a "necessary part of the professional paraphernalia of all nurses irrespective of their area of practice." Communication takes place on many levels; verbal, nonverbal, overt, and covert interaction is implicit in all behavior. Communication may be perceived in ways that are not always intended. Awareness of these perceptions, or misperceptions, needs to be validated by those involved, emphasizing the necessity of a thorough understanding of cOmmunications theory. Communications theory is a major thread of the conceptual framework at Newton Wellesley Hospital School of Nursing, Principles and techniques learned in the first level provide a foundation for clinical application throughout our two-year program. Theory presented includes the nursepatient relationship: principles and techniques of interviewing and values clarification, process recording, evaluation of nurse-patient interaction, the Carkhuff (1979, p. 11) model of helping - paraphrasing and feedback skills, death and dying, and communicating to an audience. The first level nursing course includes 15 hours of classroom theory and 11 hours of group discussion (Table 1). Each discussion group is made up of clinically assigned students moderated by their clinical instructor, thus reinforcing the development of group process. Prior to the time when students enter the clinical area in the third week of the first term, the nurse-patient relationship is the focal point of classroom learning. The major rationale is that some students, because of previous life experience, have been involved in helping relationships; for others this is the first encounter with the helping role. A helping relationship differs from other relationships hi that it is directed towards assisting a hospitalized patient to cope more effectively. While some effects of hospitalization are unique to the individual, others may be common to all - for example, separation from family and friends; financial considerations; change in body image; inability to meet social commitments; and feelings of helplessness in the sick role. Basic elements of a therapeutic helping relationship include trust, confidentiality, humor, objectivity, empathy and sensitivity. There are many sources of information available to students to establish a data base before initial contact with the patient. The primary source of preliminary information is the patient's record. The interview is another means of gathering new data and validating previously determined needs. Students learn principles of interviewing and use of communication skills in structuring the relationship with clients. This includes theoretical orientation to the nurse's role and limitations of a relationship. Examples of specific interviewing… Students learn principles of interviewing and use of communication skills in structuring the relationship with clients. This includes theoretical orientation to the nurse's role and limitations of a relationship. Examples of specific interviewing techniques are: giving recognition and offering self, focusing, clarifying, paraphrasing and feedback, open-ended questions, restricting pursuit of topic, perception checking, giving information, touch and other non-verbal methods. A one-hour clinical group session reinforces lecture material through use of an interviewing tool. This process is further reinforced through group analysis. Table TABLE 1 COMMUNICATION COURSE CONTENT* All students actively participate in each group session. Giving and receiving feedback becomes an important part of group activities either in a direct or indirect way. Students continue to examine learned techniques through writing process recordings of observed interactions between health team members and patients. The process recording continues to be useful, periodically, in the evaluation of the student's ability to develop nurse-patient interactions. Lectures and groups introduce and reinforce Carkhuffs method of helping which involves attending, responding, initiating and communicating responses. In the group session, two students role play a helper-helpee situation. The interaction is followed by an evaluation by other members of the group using a tool based on Carkhuffs and helpers responses. Group members also evaluate the feeling tone of the environment created, i.e. trust, caring, positive regard. Communicating to a group is equally as important as communicating to an individual. Principles are presented in the classroom followed by small group exercise. Students speak extemporaneously on a topic of their choice. Evaluation by the group includes positive feedback related to the following: self-confidence; physical appearance and mannerisms; diction and volume of voice; eye contact and interest in the subject. At this point in the communications course the student is ready to participate in simulated nurse-patient situations. Role playing exercises provide an opportunity to practice communication skills in nursepatient interactions. The duo or two-person exercise allows the patient to give feedback to the nurse about helping and non-helping responses. Trio or three-people exercises involve a relater, a listener, and an observer further reinforcing the giving and receiving of feedback. Many nursing actions involve a decision making process. Decisions are based, consciously or unconsciously upon one's personal philosophy or system of beliefs and values. We believe it is important for students to clarify those personal beliefs and values which may affect interpersonal relationships. Classroom discussions revolve around defining values, forming values, and the influence of values on communication and relationships. Students learn three ways in which their values are formed. The least effective method is moralizing, or the societal laying down of rigid laws and rules of behavior in an attempt to impose a traditional set of values. The laissez-faire approach allows broad tolerance of individual rights; but the lack of guidance creates dissention, disorientation and disillusionment. Modeling, or setting a "good" example is yet another way by which people form values. TABLE 2 In addition to learning how values are formed, students participate in exercises which assist them in a process called values-clarification. Values clarification focus attention on present and future attitudes and behaviors enabling a person to know oneself and his individual values. This provides a means for growth in communications skills and an insight into future decision making practices. With knowledge and understanding of his own values, the student is better able to accept the values and subsequent behavior of others. An example of one of the exercises is as follows: Make a list often things you love to do (Column 1). There are many ways to look at this list. In the second column, if you do the activity alone, place the letter "A" beside it; if you need other people or do it with other people, place the letter "P" beside it. Place a "CR" beside those activities that involve a calculated risk for you to do them. If it costs money to do an activity, place a dollar sign "$" beside it; if you have been praised for the activities, place a star "" beside them. In the third column, write down when you did the activity last (Table 2). Now ask yourself the following questions: What can you learn from this kind of game? * What do you see on your list? * Are there a number of activities that you love to do but haven't done for a long time? * How important are these activities in your life? * Are there a number of activities for which you have been praised? * Is that the reason that the activities are so important to you? Completing this exercise is probably most useful if you can use it to effect change in your life. Can you or should you make a bigger place in your life for a particular activity? What do you gain by having a particular activity in your life - especially those that you think you love but don't ever get to do? Do your responses indicate a change in past values? Are you taking time for yourself? Student evaluation indicates that foundations developed in the communication course are used throughout the two-year program. Group process and communication theory increases the studenti ability to use and understand classroom content. For example, in the first year small group discussions focus on the issues of death and dying, providing a forum for dialogue and expression of feelings. In addition, group discussion aids students to clarify and apply components of nursing process presented in the classroom. As the first year progresses, students conduct client centered conferences. Preparation for these conferences requires communication technique in collecting data and presenting information to the group. On the second level, students again utilize these same skills in presenting an interdisciplinary conference involving many members of the health team. Our curriculum change has been in effect for three years. The most immediate positive impact, which is apparent, is the ability of the student to enter into a therapeutic goal directed nurse-client relationship. Former reluctance in communicating meaningfully with a client is not evident in most cases. Emphasis placed on communication skills from the student's first day of clinical exposure has provided a foundation for self-confidence which will continue to develop throughout their nursing career. In the spring of this year, freshmen students were asked to rate on a scale of 5 to 1 (5 - excellent; 4 - good; 3 - satisfactory; 2 - satisfactory in some areas; 1 - unsatisfactory) the effectiveness of communication skills learned in Nursing I as it related to meeting the course objective on communication "establishing a short-term positive nurse-patient relationship which is supportive and facilitates goal achievement with the patient who is not critically ill." In making the decision, the student considered the following behaviors: * Uses appropriate communication techniques * Observes client for clues indicating need for emotional support * Encourages client to express feelings * Uses attending behavior when client is speaking * Accepts client dependency and assists toward independency * Strives toward maintaining interdependency in this relationship Methods evaluated included: Carkhuffs model of communication, interviewing skills, paraphrasing and feedback skills, role playing of client-nurse situation, process recordings, direct and indirect communications, communicating to an audience, and values clarification. Eightyfive point five percent of the class responded to the survey. All methods were rated as satisfactory or above in ah* areas evaluated by the respondents. The results supported our faculty belief in the value of learning communication skills early in the nursing curriculum. 10.3928/0148-4834-19840601-10 Sign up to receive Tell us what you think about Healio.com » Get the latest news and education delivered to your inbox ©2019 Healio All Rights Reserved.	https://www.healio.com/nursing/journals/jne/1984-6-23-6/%7B80b6685c-2fb2-479b-bbd7-b410c7505e79%7D/integration-of-communication-theory-in-an-accelerated-nursing-curriculum
The course on trends and their effects on businesses have been helpful to me as a future manager. This is because I have learnt the importance of integrating these trends in business operations and strategy formulation. A key issue that has been highlighted in the course of this study is that most business managers do not know how to integrate information they already have on emerging trends into their managerial decisions. However, this behavior should be avoided as it can result in a business losing its competitive edge in the market. Our writers will create one from scratch for online Among the ways I have learnt that trends can be used in business decision making include three important approaches: infusing and augmenting, combining and transcending, and counteracting and reaffirming. Infusing and augmenting involves creation of new products that retain a majority of an older product’s attributes but incorporates some aspects of the emerging trends. Combining and transcending will involve a company combining aspects of a product’s attributes with those of emerging trends to come up with a new product. While counteracting and reaffirming involves maintaining attributes of a product that help consumers avoid negative aspects of a trend. Trends are like the waves in an ocean, the captain of a ship may have decided to commandeer the vessel in a certain route but once the waves come, the captain has to either change the route or risk losing the vessel. Same thing happens with trends, they should be researched and decisions made based on information gotten about them. This course has equipped me with the knowledge required to become an effective manager in terms of analyzing emerging trends and incorporating information I acquire about them in my managerial decisions.	https://samplefellow.com/essay-on-trends/
3 edition of School-business partnerships, why not? found in the catalog. School-business partnerships, why not? Santee C. Ruffin Published 1983 by National Association for Secondary School Principals in Reston, Va . Written in Edition Notes Bibliography: p. 14. \|Statement\|\|Santee C. Ruffin, Jr.\| \|Classifications\| \|LC Classifications\|\|LC1085 .R84 1983\| \|The Physical Object\| \|Pagination\|\|14 p. ;\| \|Number of Pages\|\|14\| \|ID Numbers\| \|Open Library\|\|OL2796517M\| \|ISBN 10\|\|0882101536\| \|LC Control Number\|\|83225834\| Business-education Partnerships: How They Work in Indiana. Andrew L. Zehner. Indiana Department of Education, - Business and education - 48 pages. 0 Reviews. From inside the book. What people are saying - Write a review. We haven't found any reviews in the usual places. Contents. Why Partnerships Matter. 7. Business and community partnerships is one of 12 elements of high-quality CTE, defined in ACTE’s comprehensive, research-based Quality CTE Program of Study Framework.. This element addresses business and community partner recruitment, partnership structure and the wide variety of activities partners should be engaged in to support the program of study and ensure programs are aligned with. The purpose of this practical guide is to increase the awareness of both educators who are responsible for building school partnerships and corporate leaders as to how school partnerships can contribute to education. Kinds of school/business partnerships are discussed, and the services provided by partners are listed. These steps in establishing and maintaining partnerships are then outlined Author: Carol O'Connell. The adage that two brains are better than one may explain why a lot of entrepreneurs and small business owners, including me, create partnerships. However, it’s not just those brains that should Author: Patrick Hull. A lack of relevance is a key reason why so many students today drop out of school, especially in urban areas where many of the NAF academies are located. However, by building strong partnerships with over 2, businesses across the country, NAF has seen their graduation rate soar to 97 percent. school-business partnerships (for ex-ample, school-to-career programs and corporate sponsorship). These two cat-egories often overlap, since school-business partnerships are components of many corporate school-reform ef-forts, and many corporate advocates of school reform assume partnership roles with school administrators and teach-File Size: KB. Civilizations of the Middle East-Library The impact of food stamp reform on the Northeast Japanese for busy people III Handbook of official grain standards of the United States island of Grenada (1650-1950) Sermons of Bishop Pierce and Rev. B.M. Palmer, D.D. Clinical Scenarios in Intensive Care The life of John Baptist de La Salle, founder of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools The dimensions of paradise guide to disease prevention in aquarium fishes and invertebrates Experts, privileges and evidence in child custody cases Two addresses Course documents and submissions Low life cycle cost design study for paratransit vehicles COVID Resources. Reliable information about the coronavirus (COVID) is available from the World Health Organization (current situation, international travel).Numerous and frequently-updated resource results are available from this ’s WebJunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus. not to ensure profit for the school or for a business partner. This misalignment in purpose is a clear challenge for sustaining school–business partnerships. The issue of competing interests can further manifest itself through power struggles. According to Abowitz (), the significant power of businesses inFile Size: KB. For 11 years, CME Group has mentored students at Washington Irving Elementary, and the school reports incredible results. But this kind of partnership is increasingly : Lisa Bertagnoli. Not every school is fortunate to have such a large company headquartered in its backyard, but that does not mean that every school cannot have partnerships that have a great impact on students. In Huntsville, Alabama, for example, principal Teri Stokes works with a handful of business partners at Weatherly Heights Elementary School. Practical steps to establishing school-business partnerships When establishing a partnership, schools need to take into consideration these vital steps: Identify an issue or goal to be addressed in your school and ask the school community what kind School-business partnerships business they File Size: KB. of virtually all school-business partnerships is to improve the education experience. A partnership can be defined as a mutually supportive relationship between a business and a school or school district in which the partners commit themselves to specific goals and activities intendedFile Size: KB. Examines reasons why schools and businesses form partnerships, whether these partnerships actually improve education, and financial and ethical implications of such partnerships. Suggests that long-term educational partnerships implemented for the mutual benefit of both parties and for the educational improvement of a school or district can be by: 3. School-Business Partnerships To keep our region competitive, schools and businesses must work together to ensure students are well prepared to meet current and future workforce demands. Along with the Allegheny Conference on Community Development, regional employers, and schools, we are mapping impactful examples of K business engagement. Read with a dog - “Heeling House” The therapy dog goes into classrooms in our school to read with students and do tricks. Writing Assembly Wendy Morris is a published author. She is currently writing a novel for middle school students. She runs the children's literature. School/business partnerships have become prevalent in our society. There is, however, limited research on why some partnerships at the elementary school level are successful while others are not. This study examined one elementary school's program which was deemed successful to determine how school/business partnerships work in an elementary Author: Barbara Carstarphen Holley. Business and Community Partnerships Katy ISD school-business partnerships are mutually beneficial, long-term relationships that provide value to both the campus and the company. Partnerships are, first and foremost, designed to give our business community the opportunity to donate human resources to our students and staff. This book captures the essence of school-business partnerships and Jim's wealth of experience in this area, distilling it so that others can benefit from his broad knowledge. It explains the who, what, why and how of school-business partnerships in a down-to-earth way that is clear, readable and often amusing.5/5(1). school-business partnerships are still not about substance. Furthermore, the literature has focused almost exclusively on partnerships from the schools’ perspective. The business half of the partnership, in fact, has generally been ignored. Lacking information from businesses on their motives. Here’s the reality: Most school-business partnerships fail. Why. They need a third-party in the early stages to establish a mutually beneficial, reciprocal partnership agreement and ensure that all the sticky questions are asked and answered, but almost none have such a person looking out for both sides. And school-business partnerships centered on the so-called STEM disciplines—science, technology, engineering, and math—are attracting particular attention at a time when companies are pleading Author: Andrew Trotter. Some school-business partnerships are only partnerships in the sense that both parties wish the relationship be as uncomplicated as possible. In this kind of partnership the business might provide funds and equipment for the school program while the school. Anchorage School Business Partnerships (SBP) is a non-profit (c)(3) with a mission To engage community to inspire youth toward a vibrant provides connections, tools and resources for meaningful partnerships between schools and local business organizations. School Business Partnerships are unique and based on the needs and resources of both the school and the business. Time, services, or resources may vary from partnership to partnership. To accomplish the mission of Cooperation BEST, the program utilizes the following categories of partnerships. The point, recall, is to explore the meaning behind school-business partnerships and raise questions about funding conflicts and the degree to which business agendas influence schooling. As though aware of my concerns, Kroger offers the following reassurance about their program: "This is real life, hands on partnering as Kroger connects. granted. While permission to reprint this publication is not necessary, the citation should be: National Technical Assistance Center on Transition (). A Guide to Developing Collaborative School-Community-Business Partnerships. Richard Luecking, Ann Deschamps, Ruth Allison, Jacque Hyatt, and. School-business partnerships in JCPS are designed to give members of our business community a chance for their employees to donate their time to help students. These relationships are not about marketing for the district or for the businesses.When asked to describe their sense of how various groups feel about partnerships, more than 80% of administrators believe that teachers, students, parents and community lead-ers consider partnerships to be moderately or strongly favorable. Most administrators do not feel, however, that the media share their sense of goodwill toward partnerships.School-Business Partnerships offers businesses the possibility of getting involved with schools at very different levels in order to support the educational system where help is most needed. Private companies can get involved financially by “adopting” a school and thus improving the infrastructure, management and access to educational material.	https://nyfinyrygodeqeg.greggdev.com/school-business-partnerships-why-not-book-21038mx.php
development will not be impacted by the prolonged suspension of school activities. · eCCA will be an important platform to allow Junyuanities to connect with their peers and to rediscover camaraderie and sense of belongings as a CCA. Since the reopening of school in early June, our various CCAs have been actively discussing and gathering feedback from some of the students to plan eCCAs. · eCCAs will commence from Term 3, week 5 onwards and will last for no more than 10 weeks, till the end of the term. · The format and schedule for eCCA will depend on the nature and type of activities planned. Students will attend no more than 1 eCCA session per week for a duration of 1 to 2 hours. · Each eCCA session can be synchronous or asynchronous. Synchronous lessons will involve lessons conducted via Zoom or Google Meet platform while asynchronous lessons will involve lessons conducted offline through instructions sent to student’s JYMail. All sessions will be supervised by a CCA teacher. · Schedule and details of each eCCA sessions have been posted on the school’s website (https://junyuansec.moe.edu.sg/cca/cca-calendar). Students and parents can check the website periodically to get the latest updates. · Please strongly encourage your child to participate actively for the eCCA sessions. If you have further queries on eCCAs, you may contact Mr Ryan Tan ([email protected]) or Mdm Gan Juok Sia ([email protected]) for clarifications.	https://junyuansec.moe.edu.sg/cca/information-on-eccas
StoryThe agency created by the King County Council to provide independent civilian oversight of the King County Sheriff’s Office (KCSO) today presented members of the Council’s Committee of the Whole its recommendations from a review of a 2012 officer-involved shooting in Auburn. In February 2012, in joint operation with state Department of Corrections officers, King County Sheriff Deputies arrested a probationer in a home in Auburn for failing to report to community supervision. After detaining him, the deputies searched the home, locating Dustin Theoharis in a bed in a separate room. The officers, believing that Theoharis was reaching for a weapon fired on Theoharis, striking him several times. In the investigation after the shooting, no weapon was found near Theoharis. The Office of Law Enforcement Oversight (OLEO) commissioned the report, “Review of Officer Involved Shooting of Dustin Theoharis,” which was done by the Los Angeles-based Police Assessment Resource Center (PARC). PARC is a nationally-recognized organization that—in cooperation with law enforcement agencies and governments— strengthens police oversight and advances effective, respectful, and publicly accountable policing. PARC’s report focuses on the tactics and decisions of King County Sheriff’s Office (KCSO) members who were involved in the incident, the investigations by KCSO that followed, and the assessment as a result of these investigations. The report examined KCSO investigation files and evidence, statements and interviews of the involved officers and witnesses, photographic and video evidence, and evidence collection documentation. The report also provides a Decision Point Analysis and recommendations for change to match national best practices. Some recommendations from the report include: • Policies that call special attention to the trauma suffered by deputies should be extended to address trauma suffered by civilian witnesses and victims as well. • KCSO should implement a policy that compels officers to participate in a scene walkthrough to help investigators develop a plan for collecting and preserving evidence. • KCSO should compel involved officers to complete a recorded interview under a deadline, and compel a written statement the same day the incident occurred. • Investigators should use metal detectors at crime scenes to locate shell casings. • Crime-scene video should be time-stamped to clarify when the footage is recorded. • Pre-interviews should be strictly prohibited, and interviews should be thorough and conducted in a neutral tone. “Quality oversight and accountability are essential to effective law enforcement and building public trust,” said Councilmember Julia Patterson, Chair of the Committee of the Whole. “Briefings such as the one we heard today are an indication that we take oversight seriously, and I’m glad that the Sheriff joined us in the Committee of the Whole to field questions and address this issue. I look forward to continue working with my colleagues, the Sheriff’s Office, and OLEO to ensure that we have an excellent system of law enforcement, one that includes top-notch oversight.” “I am very pleased by the job the Office of Law Enforcement Oversight, with the assistance of the Police Assessment Resource Center did in thoroughly assessing policies and practices involved in this shooting and their recommendations for improvements. I am also pleased that Sheriff John Urquhart not only concurs with many of the recommendations, he has already taken steps to resolve them,” said Council Chair Larry Gossett. “I am deeply concerned that it took a tragic shooting such as this to illuminate the deficiencies outlined in the report. However, I am confident that between our Office of Law Enforcement Oversight and the King County Sheriff’s Office, we will continue to make the improvements we had in mind when we began working towards the creation of independent citizen oversight years ago.” “It was informative to be able to review the facts of this particular case,” said Councilmember Reagan Dunn. “I will continue to follow this process as the Sheriff’s office implements new steps to increase transparency and accountability.” In September 2012, OLEO released a risk assessment report that examined use of force policies and employee misconduct oversight in the Sheriff’s Office, and made 25 recommendations for reforms. The risk assessment report’s recommendations were intended to provide a practical guide to implementing best practices in the law enforcement community and to ensure accountability. Following a briefing of the report, Councilmember Patterson co-sponsored legislation to track accountability reforms. Earlier this year, Sheriff John Urquhart briefed councilmembers regarding oversight and accountability reforms underway in the KCSO. Today’s briefing builds upon prior work towards reform and establishing transparency and accountability within King County law enforcement.	https://kingcounty.gov/council/news/2013/July/COW_OLEO.aspx
Story = Characters + Conflict: How to Conceive, Create, & Complete Your Novel – Winter 2022 Characters and conflict make a story. If your characters are memorable, readers will follow their journey (and your book) to the end. We will work through steps for creating a cast of characters that ring true: the protagonist, antagonist, and all of the supporting cast. Which are larger-than-life? Which fill necessary roles in your story? How do you create memorable characters, both large and small, while avoiding stereotypes? For all levels.	https://carnegiecenterlex.org/classes/story-characters-conflict-how-to-conceive-create-complete-your-novel-winter-2022/
Retired upholstery from aircraft interiors generally ends up in landfills. As an effort to reduce the amount of waste we send to landfills, our upcycling initiative aims at transforming discarded seat covers, old carpets and employee uniform to innovative products such as bags, pouches, folders or items that can be sold in the local market. The uniforms are picked up from the collection boxes placed at our airports and offices. With this initiative, we are not only helping the environment but also creating sustainable livelihood opportunities for our communities by empowering rural women. The initiative engages Self Help Groups (SHG) of local women artisans and Community Based Organisations (CBO) that work at a local level to market these products. The upcycling project targets 2600 artisans directly as well as 10,000 street vendors who buy and showcase the end products across regions of Delhi and Patna.	https://www.goindigo.in/csr/environment/the-upcycling-project.html
We want our children to develop a secure understanding of different religions and aim to promote curiosity and a love of learning through enquiry/ question based objectives. Our intent is to be ambitious with the curriculum, to use artefacts, historical places of worship, and plan activities that help our children to become independent and resilient. We want them to be not only equipped with the minimum statutory requirements of the Cumbria locally agreed syllabus for religious Education, but also prepared for the opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of later life. In keeping with our whole school values, through our Religious Education we aim to develop pupil’s respect for all, educating our children to be tolerant and valued members of the community. Our R.E. curriculum supports our children to develop their own set of values and challenge negative opinions and actions, recognising diversity, respecting other’s viewpoints and developing tolerance of others outside of their community. At Cumwhinton Primary School we have adapted the learning challenge curriculum using big questions as the basis for our teaching, which also covers the Cumbria locally agreed syllabus. This programme supports our enquiry based learning to study the key traditions and beliefs of world religions. Children are taught to understand and respect the importance of religious beliefs in the world around them. The syllabus aims to allow pupils to explore themes and concepts within religion, drawing on beliefs from a range of different faiths and world views. We aim to ensure that the RE curriculum is challenging, dynamic and relevant to pupils of all ages – that is why an enquiry approach was implemented, encouraging higher-order thinking and allowing our children to explore in a way that is meaningful to them. We believe that our RE curriculum will provided children with a better understanding of the religions that make up the UK and how they can work alongside each other to create community cohesion. Our RE 'Big Questions' will promote inquisitive minds, respect, tolerance and understanding for all those around them including themselves. Children's work is regularly monitored within class and across school to ensure consistency and progression. Written work and discussions with pupils evidences our curriculum intent. Evidence will also be seen through children's vocabulary, explanations and respectful opinions. Assessment information is used to inform further curriculum developments and provision is adapted accordingly.	https://www.cumwhinton.cumbria.sch.uk/religious-education/
We hope these resources are helpful as you prepare for your presentation. Please do not hesitate to contact Lauren Hopper Lee, Public Education & Young Lawyers Division Coordinator with the TBA, at [email protected] or (615) 383-7421. Organizations across the country -- including bar associations, state agencies and educational groups -- offer resources for lawyers, judges and teachers to use in presenting civics and citizenship concepts to students and adults. The TBA Public Education Committee has compiled a list of these resources and is pleased to provide information about the groups and links to their online materials. Learn more below. Middle School-Adult The academy is designed to aid young people in gaining the knowledge, skills, and values needed to function effectively in a pluralistic, democratic society based on the rule of law. A free Resource Guide has been developed to assist lawyers, teachers, youth workers and other civic leaders in planning and implementing the academy. High School & Adults The ABA Dialogue program provides lawyers, judges and teachers with the resources they need to engage students, and community members in discussion of fundamental American legal principles and civic tradition. The purpose of the dialogue is to explore American civic values and traditions. Dialogues can be structured around hypotheticals that are outlined on the website. Detailed instructions for setting up a dialog can also be found on the website, as well as a checklist for organizing a Dialogue visit with a local school. K-12 A comprehensive state by state directory of civics and law-related education programs accessible to judges, lawyers and those who wish to conduct a Civics and Law Academy or simply want to know more about civic education in their community. Educate, Empower and Engage: The mission of the ABA Division of Public Education is to promote public understanding of law and its role in society. The following beliefs set forth the underlying principles that guide the Division’s work. Law provides an essential context for understanding society, institutions, norms, and values. In order to maintain legitimate authority, law and legal institutions depend on popular participation and support. Lawyers and judges have a special responsibility to foster public understanding of and confidence in the law and legal institutions. Members of a democratic society seek to resolve conflicts peacefully and through the legal process. Understanding, appreciating, and engaging an increasingly diverse society promotes effective civic participation. An understanding of the role of law in various cultures enhances effective participation in global society. Public understanding of the law promotes access to the legal system for all people to pursue justice through the legal process. Middle School & High School The ABOTA Foundation provides opportunities for teachers and students to grow in their knowledge of the Constitution, the legal system, an independent judiciary and the right to civil jury trials through curriculum, lesson plans, lectures for high school students and training for teachers. Visit the foundation online or on Facebook. High School This site connects comprehensive curriculum on the Constitution and its amendments to daily civics news and student discussion. Twice daily, nonpartisan writers sift through national and local news and select current events expressly for social studies classrooms. And twice weekly, they write an article on a portion of this news with links to the site's multimedia curriculum. These articles--called "Speak Outs"-- can be used in classrooms or online. When students "Speak Out" at AnnenbergClassroom.org, they participate in a moderated, national dialogue of their peers. The website publishes 10 news stories a day, many media resources each year, and two Speak Outs and a podcast each week. Search by keyword or by subject area for online lesson plans. K-12 Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. A civic education website designed for kids. The site is divided into K-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-12 and also has a section for parents and teachers. Middle school - adult The Bill of Rights Institute provides free eLessons on its website. Lessons help demonstrate the connection between America's founding principles and students' lives. Each eLesson includes historical content, classroom activities, discussion questions, and suggestions for further reading.Topics include: Bill of Rights in the News, Landmark Supreme Court Cases & the Constitution, Bill of Rights in Times of Crisis, etc. Middle School & High School The Classroom includes social studies related videos and discussion questions linked to national standards. The site also provides an array of videotaped speeches given by government leaders to students around the country. K-12 The Campaign is a coalition of over 70 national civic learning, education, civic engagement and business groups committed to improving the quality and quantity of civic learning in American schools. The Campaign's goal is to increase and improve civic learning in grades K-12 by working for policies that implement the recommendations of the Civic Mission of Schools report. This includes efforts to bring about changes in national, state, and local education policy. Middle & High School A project developed and implemented by the American Bar Association Young Lawyers Division to educate high school and junior high school students about lawyers and the legal profession, and to encourage students of color to consider a career in the legal profession. Includes brochures, curriculum and a film. Middle & High School Citizenship Counts is dedicated to inspiring today's youth through curriculum that teaches them to appreciate the value and responsibilities of citizenship. Their core curriculum, The Path to Citizenship, promotes pride in American citizenship and encourages students to be involved in their communities. K-12 The Civics Renewal Network is a consortium of nonpartisan, nonprofit organizations committed to strengthening civic life in the U.S. by increasing the quality of civics education in our nation's schools and by improving accessibility to high-quality, no-cost learning materials. On the network site, teachers can find the best resources of these organizations, searchable by subject, grade, resource type, standards, and teaching strategy. K-12 Site provides student programs, teacher resources, curriculum, and other materials, including civics lessons for high school, middle school, and elementary school students. K-12 ECS provides information about what states are doing in the realm of civic education, what research is being done in the field, programs available and best practices. Through the National Center for Learning and Citizenship, the group provides resources to help teachers, administrators and policymakers use and promote service-learning and citizenship education. Through the State Policies for Citizenship Education Database, the group offers access to state policies on citizenship education for K-12 students. High School The Harlan Institute features FantasySCOTUS, a fun and interactive Supreme Court fantasy league. This free resource allows students to make predictions about Supreme Court cases, write analytical blog posts about them, and compete against other students across the country. Includes comprehensive lesson plans on cases of interest for students that are currently before the Supreme Court. Middle School iCivics (formerly Our Courts) is a web-based education project designed to teach students civics and inspire them to be active participants in our democracy. The programs is the vision of Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, who is concerned that students are not getting the information and tools they need for civic participation, and that civics teachers need better materials and support. K-12 The goal of this program is to pair a legal professional with every elementary, middle, and high school in the state of Florida. The program aims to benefit students in the following ways: promote an understanding of Florida's justice system and our laws, develop critical thinking abilities and problem solving skills, and demonstrate the effective interaction of our courts within the constitutional structure. Website includes lesson plans & games for children of all ages. K-8 Kids.gov is the official kids' portal for the U.S. government. It links to over 2,000 web pages from government agencies, schools, and educational organizations, all geared to the learning level and interest of kids. ids.gov is organized into three audiences: Grades K-5, Grades 6-8, and Educators. Each audience tab is divided into educational subjects like Arts, Math, and History. Within each subject, the websites are grouped as either government sites (Federal, state, military) or other resources (commercial, non-profit, educational). Middle School-Adult Website provides a full range of resources and activities to support the teaching of landmark Supreme Court cases, helping students explore the key issues of each case. Depending upon the amount of time you have to teach the case, you may want to use one or more of the "Resources" or "Activities" in conjunction with one or more of the general teaching strategies. The general teaching strategies include moot court, political cartoon analysis, continuum exercises, and Web site evaluation. Varies Shows how courts can strengthen their relationships with the communities they serve and provides references to specific collaborative programs, such as community-outreach efforts, community courts, volunteer service programs, and court-community advisory councils. Adult Provides nonpartisan information programs to adult audiences around the state to further public knowledge and understanding of the state and federal courts in Colorado. K-12 Website designed to enhance the teaching of Tennessee civics, law, justice, citizenship, history, government and humanities in Tennessee K-12 schools through professional development programs for Tennessee teachers and legal resource people, and through statewide civic and law-related programs for students. K-12 Most public school students in Tennessee have no Tennessee history or civics textbook, even though students in about half of the grades are required to learn parts of the subject every school year. Because of this, it is more important than ever that students have a place to go for information on Tennessee history. The website includes information about civics and geography. 11th & 12th Grade Consists of a 28 minute film highlighting the achievement of a few of the thousands of young people who made a difference in the 1950s and 1960s when the struggle for civil rights reached its peak in the United States. The film includes interviews with people who as young adults helped changed their world. The film also contains a component that educates students about civil rights struggles that have occurred since the 1960s and challenges young people to become leaders today. Additionally, educators are provided with a curriculum. They Had a Dream Too: Young Leaders of the Civil Rights Movement is a project designed to assist educators, challenge and inspire students and help build future leaders. The film & curriculum may be downloaded from the website.	https://www.tba.org/programs/civics-education-resources
The recorded electrocardiogram (ECG) remains as one of the most vital monitors of a patient's cardiovascular status and is used today in nearly every clinical setting. This chapter discusses the ECG as a measure of how the electrical activity of the heart changes over time, as action potentials within each myocyte propagate throughout the heart during each cardiac cycle. By utilizing the resultant electrical field present in the body, electrodes can be placed around the heart to measure potential differences as the heart depolarizes and repolarizes. Furthermore, various techniques for obtaining ECG data are presented. Electrocardiography has progressed rapidly since it was first employed back in the early 1900s. New instruments that are smaller and more sophisticated as well as innovative analysis techniques are continually being developed. The trend has been toward developing smaller, easier-to-use devices that can gather and remotely send a wealth of information to use for patient diagnosis and treatment.	https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/basic-ecg-theory-12-lead-recordings-and-their-interpretation
The purpose of this activity is for students to take time and make sure they know the key learning points in a unit of work, can connect with prior knowledge on the subject, are able to understand the key questions or problems the unit asks them to think about, where their strengths and areas of improvement are, how this information links into other subjects or life skills and how they can set achievable goals and work towards improving the quality of work they produce. Please complete an IGS for each of the cycles of work. Fill it in at the end of the first week of each cycle and hand it in to the teacher in the first week of the next cycle. Please keep this information in your journals. Your teachers will use this information to see how they can help you meet your goals and to provide you with regular feedback on your work and participation in class. What do you see as the purpose in this unit of work? What do you already know about this topic? How is this topic relevant to you? What do you see as the key learning points in this work? What is easy for you? What is challenging for you? What skills are required to achieve the tasks set by the teacher? What goals are you going to set for yourself in this unit of work? What is your opinion about your expectations of this unit of work? What have you learnt and what do you need to revise and what is too difficult for you at the moment? Name one goal that you think is the most important for you at this point in your study.	http://bhsy7english.wikidot.com/individual-goal-sheet
This course draws upon a variety of research-based theories and applications germane to the study of leadership. Theoretical paradigms of motivation are discussed and applied to communication styles, decision making, risk taking, team building, conflict resolution, negotiation, diversity and inclusion. Leadership traits, leadership styles and roles are examined in the context of ethics, power and social responsibility. (OL) Offered at Charlotte, Denver, Denver CE, North Miami, Online, Providence, Providence CE 4.5 Quarter Credit Hours LEAD2011 Leadership and Women in History The field of leadership studies encompasses a wide and complex range of topics. This course presents students and faculty alike with a unique opportunity to examine revolving areas of current and relevant leadership theories and practices. Area of specialized leadership interest include, but are not limited to Women in History. Prerequisite(s): LEAD1010. Offered at Charlotte, Denver, North Miami 4.5 Quarter Credit Hours LEAD2012 Power and Leadership This course provides an overview of the nature and types of power and their connections to leadership. Relationships between concepts and practices of power, and their role and influence across a number of spheres, settings, roles and relationships are explored. Since issues of power present unique challenges in today's complex, networked and digitized world, special attention is given to the topics of supportive communication, relationship building, organizational politics and the effective management of power relations. Prerequisite(s): LEAD1010 or SOC1001 or SOC2005. (OL) Offered at Denver, Denver CE, North Miami, Online, Providence, Providence CE 4.5 Quarter Credit Hours LEAD2030 Leadership Through Film and Literature This course is an examination of contemporary theories pertaining to leadership in group, organizational and societal settings. The content of the course draws from the humanities as viewed through film and literature selections to illustrate different leadership styles and concepts. The course is based on the premise that leadership, like literature and film, is an art form whose effectiveness is enabled and enhanced through visual presentation. Prerequisite(s): LEAD1010 or SEE2015. (OL) Offered at Denver, North Miami, Online, Providence, Providence CE 4.5 Quarter Credit Hours LEAD2080 Sustainability, Community Engagement & Leadership This course focuses on sustainability, community engagement, leadership and global citizenship through interdisciplinary course materials and cultural immersion. Interdependence, as it is reflected through social, political, economic, spiritual and environmental perspectives, is examined. Students use this systems perspective to understand the complex factors that contribute to the challenges and proposed solutions to community and individual health, specifically in Nepal. This course introduces the Kevin Rohan Memorial Eco Foundation (KRMEF) in Nepal as an innovative and replicable model for sustainable community and leadership development. KRMEF represents an ecological systems (biodynamic) model for addressing the needs of the people and communities specifically in the Kathmandu Valley region of Nepal, with relevance to similar concerns within a global context. While in the country, students experience the impact of complex development problems in Nepal through readings, structured site visits and excursions, cultural events, and community interaction. Ongoing, intentional reflection provides opportunities for participants to engage with, synthesize and act upon what they learn from their experiences and how that relates to academic, professional, civic and leadership interests. Offered at Charlotte, Denver, Denver CE, North Miami, Online, Providence, Providence CE 4.5 Quarter Credit Hours LEAD3020 Creative Leadership The objective of this course is to develop and enhance one's own creativity, allowing each individual the opportunity to become a more productive leader of tomorrow. Extensive classroom participation and a variety of activities allow each student to experience personal growth and influence the growth of others.	https://catalog.jwu.edu/courses/lead/miami/
Culture and art constitute very interesting niches for the development of nations, underlined the participants in a webinar organized on Friday evening as part of the 9th edition of the Maghrebian Film Festival of Oujda which ended on the 29th. November in digital version. Speakers during this webinar, which had as its central theme “The future of cinema after Covid19” noted that because of this pandemic, the cultural sector has been severely affected in its production potential, that is to say – say in its productive force, but also in its human resources. He also noted that this situation has led to an awareness among officials and decision-makers of the importance of culture as a productive sector, and of the role it plays at several levels (social animation, job creation , maintaining social ties, etc.), considering in this sense that this awareness was made especially by the absence of culture. The situation linked to Covid-19 has also shown the capacity for creativity, invention and resilience of culture through the organization of major cultural meetings (music concert, festival, etc.) where digital replaces magic live, have they added yet. For some participants, this crisis was revealing and thus made it possible to realize that the cinema had occupied a very large place in the development of the cultural field, affirming in this regard that the cinema is an indicator of democracy in a country , the freedom to create and express oneself, and the degree of openness of a society. Believing that the cinema has an omnipresence in the cultural field and the lived experience of the people, they emphasized the impact and the harmful consequences of the coronavirus on the seventh art and the film industry which is an economic sector in its own right. (postponement of many large productions, closure of cinemas, …). Emphasis was also placed within the framework of this remote symposium on the development of cultural infrastructures and the cinema sector in the Maghreb, more particularly in Morocco, and a call was made on this occasion for the strengthening of cooperation in this area between the Maghreb countries and the other countries of the African continent. In the opinion of the speakers, the resumption of the cinema after Covid-19 will not be easy, arguing that following a forced intermission and a stoppage of film production, it will be necessary to deploy a lot of efforts not only in terms of production but also at the start-up level. In this vein, they evoked the need for a real cultural project which could be a real basis to be able to revive culture and art, which generate revenue, in the Maghreb countries, highlighting the imperative of the involvement of the private sector and associative actors to bring cinema back to life, to take advantage of the cultural wealth of the regions and to trust young people. Regarding the outlook, the speakers were confident about the future of cinema after this pandemic which revealed the real problems of the film sector. Other questions concerning culture and cinema were raised during this colloquium, namely “how did culture and cinema play a role in the development and promotion of certain components of society?”, “Which are the regions and destinations known in the world where culture has contributed to territorial and human development? ” and “why do some people not consider Culture as a lever capable of creating wealth?”. This webinar was attended by Mohammed Mbarki, director general of the Oriental Development Agency, Amer Chergui, director and film critic (Morocco), Lamia Belkaied Guiga, academic (Tunisia), Pierre Mateo, director of the ‘Institut français d’Oujda, Kamal Kamal, director-producer and screenwriter (Morocco), Khalil Damoun, film critic (Morocco), Mehamdi Djamel, author and film critic (Algeria) and Khalid Zaïri, producer (Morocco). Regarding the choice of the theme chosen for the webinar, the organizers argue that cinema is a lever of modernity, a development tool and a means of strengthening the common human heritage and recognized universal values. “Cinema has never been a simple spectator of the universe, but has always been interactive with it, and has been a means of its transposition and interpretation as it is, or rather as it should be. , or be imagined, or at least as it is meant to be and become, ”they say in a presentation note. The Oujda Maghreb Film Festival which is organized under the banner “Oujda, Carrefour du Cinéma Maghrébin” by the Ciné-Maghreb association in coordination with several partners, is back this year in force, more mobilized than ever, to honor its appointment. you annual despite the current situation linked to the Covid-19 pandemic. .	https://www.archyde.com/art-and-culture-for-the-development-of-nations/
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a desulfurization process and a catalytic isomerization process for hydrocarbons, particularly paraffin- containing hydrocarbon feedstreams. Natural or straight run gasoline, i.e., naphthas, contain normal paraffins (n-paraffins) which have relatively low octane numbers. In the catalytic isomerization of paraffins, such as n-hexane and n- pentane, to equilibrium mixtures of branched chain isomers, the octane rating of the paraffins is substantially increased. Previous processes directed to paraffin isomerization have employed acid- promoted aluminum chloride catalysts, Y-type crystalline zeolite catalysts containing an elemental metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table (U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,236, 761 and 3, 236,762), synthetic mordenite catalysts containing highly- dispersed platinum or palladium in the presence of hydrogen (U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,527, 835 and 3,299,153), stabilized Y-sieve hydrogen zeolite compositions (U. S. Pat. No. 3,354,077), and the like. Commonly used commercial isomerization catalysts contain significant proportions of relatively expensive platinum or palladium metal components. The hydrocarbon feedstream to an isomerization reactor is generally treated (hydrotreated) to remove sulfur and nitrogen compounds that rapidly deactivate (even poison) the relatively expensive isomerization catalyst. A common method of treating the feedstream to reduce the sulfur content is by hydrodesulfurization wherein the feed is contacted a sulfur- tolerant hydrogenation catalyst in the presence with of hydrogen. Although good sulfur removal may be achieved with hydrodesulfurization units operating under severe conditions, the efficiency of such units is ultimately limited by equilibrium and/or kinetic considerations and further desulfurization is often necessary in downstream processes. Downstream processes employing relatively inexpensive, catalytically active materials further reduce the sulfur content of a hydrocarbon by "absorbing" sulfur therefrom under either hydrogenative or nonhydrogenative conditions. The absorbent material may contain a metal component, such as nickel, copper, or silver, and the feedstocks generally treated are reformer feedstocks, particularly naphthas. Typical of such processes is that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,755,226 to Annable wherein a bed of copper molybdate pellets is used to reduce the sulfur content of naphthas. Similarly, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,224,191 to Bishop III, U.S. Pat. No. 4,204,947 to Jacobson et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,819 to Miller, the use of copper components supported on conventional carriers is disclosed for reducing the sulfur content of reformer feedstreams. Also, processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,419, 224 to Miller include reducing the sulfur content of reformer feedstreams with promoted nickel components on alumina carriers. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION Reformer feedstreams typically contain substantial proportions of hydrocarbons boiling at a temperature higher than that of n-hexane. When the sulfur content of feedstreams containing substantial proportions of lighter hydrocarbons, such as n-hexane and n-pentane, is too large, appreciable loss in a catalyst's n-pentane and n-hexane isomerization activity is observed. In the present invention, it has been discovered that the isomerization activity of relatively expensive isomerization catalysts may be improved substantially by reducing the sulfur content in the isomerization feed to below 5 ppmw, more particularly below 2 ppmw, and most particularly below 1 ppmw. Such improved activity allows a petroleum refiner to operate at milder conditions and expend less energy to produce the desired isomerized products. Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to reduce the concentration of sulfur in a hydrocarbon feedstream to be contacted with an isomerization catalyst, particularly a catalyst useful for isomerizing feedstreams containing a substantial proportion of normal paraffins, such as n-hexane and/or n-pentane, to levels at which the activity of the catalyst is significantly improved. Furthermore, in addition to protecting the isomerization catalyst from sulfur poisoning, the petroleum refiner may also desire an increase in the capacity of an isomerization unit. Therefore, another objective of the present invention to simultaneously reduce the sulfur concentration and isomerize n-paraffins. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a process wherein a paraffin- containing feedstock is isomerized (or hydroisomerized) by contact with a novel dual- function catalyst capable of simultaneously absorbing sulfur components from the feedstock and isomerizing normal paraffins in either the presence or absence of sulfur in the feedstock. The dual-function catalyst contains at least one Group VIII metal component and at least one Group IB metal component in combination with an acidic support component. Although the dual-function catalyst is active for isomerization (or hydroisomerization) in the presence of sulfur in the feedstock, such activity is better when less than 5 ppmw, and preferably no sulfur is present in the feedstock. Furthermore, it is highly preferred that the dual-function catalyst contain both nickel and copper metal components on the support, particularly when a highly stable dual- function catalyst is desired. In a two-stage embodiment, organosulfur compounds are removed from a feestock that is simultaneously isomerized (or hydroisomerized) in an upstream reaction zone by contact with the dual-function catalyst, or with the dual-function catalyst in combination with a catalytic absorbent, and subsequently further isomerized (or hydroisomerized) in a downstream reaction zone by contact with an isomerization (or hydroisomerization) catalyst under suitable conditions for producing an increased yield of branched-chain paraffins, such as pentane or hexane isomer compounds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention provides a process for reducing the sulfur content of a hydrocarbon feedstock containing n-paraffins to less than 5 ppmw, preferably less than 2 ppmw, and most preferably less than 1 ppmw, usually by contact with a dual-function catalyst active for simultaneously removing sulfur and isomerizing n-paraffins, or with the dual-function catalyst in combination with a catalytic absorbent. Such desulfurization occurs either prior to, or simultaneously with, contacting the oil with a catalyst useful for isomerizing n-pentane and/or n-hexane compounds. It will be understood that, although the term "catalytic absorbent" is used herein to describe the material of the present invention with which the hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted, and the term "absorbed" is used to describe the mechanism by which the sulfur is held thereon, the invention embraces whatever mechanism, including adsorption, absorption, deposition, chemical reactions, etc., or some combinations of such mechanisms, by which the sulfur (in the form of organosulfur, hydrogen sulfide, and the like) is removed from the hydrocarbon feedstock and retained by the catalytic absorbent. It will be further understood that the "catalytic absorbent" referred to herein, although useful for removing sulfur from hydrocarbon feedstocks, may also, in some embodiments of the invention, function as a "dual-function catalyst" for simultaneously promoting the removal of sulfur and the isomerization (or hydroisomerization) of feedstocks containing n-pentane and/or n-hexane. The Feedstock The hydrocarbon feeds isomerized and/or desulfurized in the present invention include straight run petroleum distillates obtained from crude oil, hydrocracked feedstocks coker products and the like. Examples include straight run naphthas, coker naphthas, hydrocracked naphthas, thermally cracked or catalytically cracked naphthas and blends thereof. The feedstock to the process may boil in the range from about 50° F. to about 200° F. and preferably entirely boils at temperatures less than about 175° F. The feedstock will usually comprise pentane and hexane predominantly in the forms of n-pentane and n- hexane. Usually the feedstock contains a mixture of at least 20, and typically at least about 35 weight percent n-pentane or n-hexane and may consist only of pentane and/or hexane. A highly preferred feedstock is a light gasoline fraction (i.e., boiling in the range from about 50° F. to about 185° F.) having an octane rating needing improvement. Also, the feedstock may contain sulfur largely in the form of organosulfur compounds, such as mercaptans , disulfides, thiophenes, and the like. The process of the invention is preferably utilized in conjunction with a catalytic hydrotreating operation. That is, the feedstock to be subjected to desulfurization and isomerization or hydroisomerization in the process of the invention most usually comprises the effluent from a catalytic hydrotreater. In the hydrotreating process, the sulfur and nitrogen components in a hydrocarbon-containing liquid are converted by reaction with hydrogen at elevated temperatures and pressures to hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, respectively, in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst usually comprising Group VIII and VIB metal components on a porous, essentially non-cracking refractory oxide, such as a sulfided catalyst containing nickel and/or cobalt components plus molybdenum and/or tungsten components on alumina. In a preferred method of operation, hydrotreating a feed containing a straight run gasoline will precede catalytic absorption of sulfur compounds and isomerization, and the feedstock most usually subjected to sulfur removal and isomerization in the process of the present invention will be the effluent from such a hydrotreating method after all or a portion of the hydrogen sulfide and ammonia have been removed. Such a hydrotreated feedstock typically contains organonitrogen compounds in a concentration less than about 10 ppmw, usually less than 1 ppmw, and preferably less than about 0.1 ppmw, calculated as N, and contains organosulfur compounds in a concentration less than about 30 ppmw, ideally zero, but usually at least about 0.01 ppmw, calculated as S. A typical concentration of organosulfur compounds is in the range about 0.05 to about 5 ppmw, preferably about 0 to about 2 ppmw, and most preferably in the range between 0 and 1 ppmw, calculated as S. The Catalytic Absorbent Although the sulfur content of the feedstock may be reduced to the desired level by such desulfurization processes as caustic scrubbing, hydrodesulfurization and the like, the preferred process may employ a catalytic absorbent. The catalytic absorbent in the process must be capable of removing sulfur upon contact with a sulfur-containing fluid, particularly a liquid and/or gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock. The catalytic absorbent ordinarily contains one or more metal components supported on an amorphous, porous refractory oxide having sufficient surface area for absorption of sulfur impurities and preferably having essentially all pores of diameter greater than 20 angstroms. The absorbent may contain any metal capable of reacting with organosulfur compounds at an elevated temperature, e.g., about 600° F. The support material is usually a calcined, amorphous refractory oxide and generally contains no crystalline molecular sieve. The amorphous, porous refractory oxide support is typically calcined at a temperature greater than 500° F. and ordinarily greater than 800° F., prior to being employed in the method of the invention. Preferred amorphous, porous refractory oxide supports include alumina, silica, silica-alumina, zirconia, titania, boria, magnesia and combinations thereof. The most preferred support is gamma alumina having a surface area above 100 m.sup. 2 /gram. Typical metal components are copper, zinc, nickel, platinum, cobalt, iron and molybdenum, particularly in the oxide or reduced form. The most preferred metal components contain nickel or copper. Typical catalytic absorbents treated in the present invention are disclosed in U. S. Pat. Nos. 4,204, 947, 4,582,819, and 4,336,130, which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties. A preferred catalytic absorbent of the invention is prepared by first comulling a copper component, such as copper (II) carbonate, or a nickel component, such as nickel carbonate, with alumina to form an extrudable paste, and then extruding the paste through a die and calcining the extrudate at a temperature greater than 700° F. to produce a copper-gamma alumina or nickel-gamma alumina extrudate having a circular cross-sectional diameter from about 1/4 to about 1/20 inches, preferably about 1/8 inch, containing about 10 to about 80 weight percent of copper oxide, calculated as Cu, or about 10 to about 80 weight percent of nickel, calculated as Ni, and having essentially all pores of diameter greater than about 20 angstroms. The absorbent may also be prepared by aqueous impregnation if the copper or nickel compound, such as copper or nickel nitrate, is soluble in water. The surface area of the absorbent is about 100 to about 350 m.sup.2 /gram, the compact bulk density is about 0. 5 to about 0.9 grams/ml, and the crushing strength is about 5 to about 30 lbs/1/8 inch length. (Crushing strength in "lbs/1/8 inch length" is determined for an extrudate or other absorbent sample of cylindrical shape having a 1/8 inch length and a 1/8 inch diameter, using metal jaws having a width of 1/8 inch and with the force applied diametrically on the circumferential surface of the cylinder.) The Dual-Function Catalyst The invention provides for a "dual-function catalyst" simultaneously useful (1) in the removal of organosulfur compounds from a hydrocarbon oil in the liquid and/or gaseous phase and (2) in the production of a high yield of pentane and/or hexane isomer compounds from a hydrocarbon oil containing n-pentane and/or n-hexane. The dual- function catalyst contains at least one active Group VIII and Group VIB metal component combined with at least one acidic component. Preferably, the dual- function catalyst contains at least one non-noble Group VIII active metal component, preferably a nickel metal component, and also contains at least one Group IB metal component, for example, a copper component. As will be shown hereinafter, the multi-metal dual-function catalyst utilized in the present invention proves highly stable and superior for simultaneously isomerizing (or hydroisomerizing) and absorbing sulfur compounds from sulfur-containing feedstocks as compared to a dual- function catalyst containing a single active metal component on the acidic support. The dual-function catalyst comprises an acidic component having sufficient acidity to impart activity for isomerizing a hydrocarbon feedstock, particularly a feedstock containing n-pentane and/or n-hexane. Suitable acidic components include silica-aluminas and crystalline molecular sieves having isomerizing activity. Crystalline molecular sieves are preferred acidic components. The term "crystalline molecular sieve" as used herein refers to any crystalline component which has sufficient activity for cracking or isomerization and is capable of separating atoms or molecules based on their respective dimensions. Crystalline molecular sieves may be zeolitic or nonzeolitic. The term "nonzeolitic" as used herein refers to molecular sieves whose frameworks are not formed of substantially only silica and alumina tetrahedra. The term "zeolitic" as used herein refers to molecular sieves whose frameworks are formed of substantially only silica and alumina tetrahedra such as the framework present in ZSM-5 type zeolites, Y zeolites, and X zeolites. Examples of zeolitic crystalline molecular sieves which can be used as an acidic component of the catalyst include Y zeolite, fluorided Y zeolites, X zeolites, zeolite beta, zeolite L, mordenite and zeolite omega. Examples of nonzeolitic crystalline molecular sieves which may be used as an acidic component of the catalyst include silicoaluminophosphates, aluminophosphates, ferrosilicates, titanium aluminosilicates, borosilicates and chromosilicates. The most preferred zeolitic crystalline molecular sieves for the dual- function catalyst are crystalline aluminosilicate Y zeolites. U. S. Pat. No. 3,130,007, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, describes Y-type zeolites having an overall silica-to-alumina mole ratio between about 3.0 and about 6.0, with a typical Y zeolite having an overall silica-to-alumina mole ratio of about 5.0. It is also known that Y-type zeolites can be produced, normally by dealumination, having an overall silica-to-alumina mole ratio above 6.0. Thus, for purposes of this invention, a Y zeolite is one having the characteristic crystal structure of a Y zeolite, as indicated by the essential X-ray powder diffraction pattern of Y zeolite, and an overall silica-to-alumina mole ratio above 3.0, and includes Y- type zeolites having an overall silica-to-alumina mole ratio above about 6.0. Typical Y zeolites in the sodium (or other alkali metal) form have few or no acid sites and, thus, have little or no cracking or isomerizing activity. The acidity of the Y zeolite may be increased by exchanging the sodium in the Y zeolite with ammonium ions, polyvalent metal cations, such as rare earth-containing cations, magnesium cations or calcium cations, or a combination of both, thereby lowering the sodium content. Such an ion-exchange may reduce the stability of the Y zeolite and (typically in the case of ammonium exchanges) the Y zeolite is then steam- treated at a high temperature (i.e., about 600° C. to about 800. degree. C.) followed by further ion-exchange. For sufficient cracking or isomerizing activity, the sodium (or other alkali metal) content of the Y zeolite is generally reduced to less than about 1.0 weight percent, preferably less than about 0.5 weight percent and most preferably less than about 0.3 weight percent calculated as Na.sub. 2 O. Methods of carrying out the ion exchange well known in the art. A preferred Y zeolite for the dual-function catalyst is one prepared by first ammonium exchanging a Y zeolite to a sodium content between about 0.6 and 5 weight percent, calculated as Na.sub.2 O, calcining the ammonium exchanged zeolite in the presence of at least 0.2 p.s.i. water vapor partial pressure at a temperature between 600° F. and 1,650. degree. F. to reduce the unit cell size to a value in the range between 4. 40 and 24.64 Angstroms, and then ammonium exchanging the zeolite once again to replace at least 25 percent of the residual sodium ions and obtain a zeolite product of less than 1.0 weight percent sodium and preferably less than 0.6 weight percent sodium, calculated as Na.sub. 2 O. Such a Y zeolite is highly stable and maintains a high activity. The zeolite is described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,672, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A preferred member of this group is known as Y-82, a zeolitic aluminosilicate molecular sieve available from the Linde Division of the Union Carbide Corporation. Another group of Y zeolites which may be used as a molecular sieve in the dual-function catalyst is comprised of zeolites normally having an overall silica-to-alumina mole ratio above about 6.0, preferably between about 6.1 and about 15. The zeolites of this group are prepared by dealuminating a Y-type zeolite having an overall silica- to- alumina mole ratio below about 6.0 and are described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 4,503, 023 issued to Breck et al., and European Patent Application No. 84104815. 0 published on Nov. 7, 1984 as Publication No. 0 124 120 by Best et al., the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. A preferred member of this group is known as LZ-210, a zeolitic aluminosilicate molecular sieve available from the Linde Division of the Union Carbide Corporation. LZ- 210 zeolites and the other zeolites of this group are conveniently prepared from a Y zeolite starting material in overall silica-to-alumina mole ratios between about 6.0 and about 15, although higher ratios are possible. LZ-210 zeolites contained in the dual-function catalyst have an overall silica-to-alumina mole ratio of greater than 6.0, and in contrast to Best et al. which discloses a ratio from 6.0 to 9.0, is preferably greater than 9.0 and most preferably greater than 11.0. Preferred ranges for the dual-function catalyst are from about 9.1 to about 15.0, and highly preferred from 11.0 to about 14.0. Typically, the unit cell size is at or below 24.65 Angstroms and will normally range between about 24. 20 and about 24.65 Angstroms. LZ-210 zeolites having an overall silica-to- alumina mole ratio below 20 generally have a sorptive capacity for water vapor at 25° C. and 4.6 mm mercury water vapor partial pressure of at least 20 weight percent based on the anhydrous weight of the zeolite. Normally, the oxygen sorptive capacity at 100 mm mercury and -183° C. will be at least 25 weight percent. The LZ- 210 class of zeolites have a composition expressed in terms of mole ratios of oxides as: (0.85-1.1)M.sub.2/n O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :xSiO.sub.2 wherein "M" is a cation having the valence "n" and "x" has a value greater than 6.0. In general, LZ-210 zeolites may be prepared by dealuminating Y- type zeolites using an aqueous solution of a fluorosilicate salt, preferably a solution of ammonium hexafluorosilicate. The dealumination is accomplished by placing a Y zeolite, normally an ammonium exchanged Y zeolite, into an aqueous reaction medium such as an aqueous solution of ammonium acetate, and slowly adding an aqueous solution of ammonium fluorosilicate. After the reaction is allowed to proceed, a zeolite having an increased overall silica-to-alumina mole ratio is produced. The magnitude of the increase is dependent at least in part on the amount of fluorosilicate solution contacted with the zeolite and on the reaction time allowed. Normally, a reaction time of between about 10 and about 24 hours is sufficient for equilibrium to be achieved. The resulting solid product, which may be separated from the aqueous reaction medium by conventional filtration techniques, is a form of LZ- 210 zeolite. In some cases this product may be subjected to a steam calcination by contacting the product with water vapor at a partial pressure of at least 0.2 p.s.i. a. for a period of between about 1/4 to about 3 hours at a temperature between about 900° F. and about 1, 500° F. in order to provide greater crystalline stability. In addition to the zeolitic crystalline molecular sieves disclosed herein and used in the Example, other examples of acidic components that may be combined with nickel or other active metals and their combinations include non-crystalline acidic materials such as silica-alumina or silica- alumina in an alumina dispersion. The latter is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,097,365, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. An example of non-zeolite crystalline molecular sieves also useful as an acidic component in the dual-function catalyst is a silicoaluminophosphate, known by the acronym "SAPO," described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Another useful class of nonzeolitic crystalline molecular sieves is generally referred to as crystalline aluminophosphates, designated by the acronym "AlPO.sub. 4." The structure and preparation of the various species of aluminophosphates are discussed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,310,440 and 4,473, 663, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Yet another class of non-zeolitic molecular sieves suitable for use is known as ferrosilicates, designated by the acronym "FeSO." A preferred ferroicate denominated as FeSO-38 is disclosed in European patent application No. 83220068.0 filed on Oct. 12, 1982 and published on May 16, 1984 as Publication No. 0 108 271 A2, the disclosure of which application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Still other examples of nonzeolitic sieves include borosilicates, chromosilicates and crystalline silicas. Borosilicates are described in U. S. Pat. Nos. 4,254,247, 4,264,813 and 4,327,236, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. Chromosilicates are described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 4, 405,502, the disclosure of which is also hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A preferred crystalline silica, essentially free of aluminum and other Group IIIA metals, is a silica polymorph, i.e. , silicalite, which may be prepared by methods described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,061,724, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. In preparing the dual-function catalyst, the acidic component may be combined with a binder or matrix material comprising a porous, inorganic refractory oxide component having essentially no cracking or isomerizing activity, to produce support particulates. The acidic component is combined with the porous, inorganic refractory oxide component, or a precursor thereof, such as alumina, silica, titania, magnesia, zirconia, borilia, silica-magnesia, silica-titania, other such combinations and the like, with alumina being the most highly preferred. Examples of precursors that may be used include peptized alumina, alumina gel, hydrated alumina, hydrogels, and silica sols. Normally, the porous, inorganic refractory oxide component or its precursor is mixed or comulled with an acidic component in amounts such that the final dry catalyst mixture will comprise (1) between about 2.5 weight percent and about 95 weight percent acidic component, preferably between about 15 weight percent and about 80 weight percent, and (2) between about 5 weight percent and about 98 weight percent of porous, inorganic refractory oxide, preferably between about 10 weight percent and about 40 weight percent. The comulled mixture is then formed into particulates, usually by extrusion through a die having openings of a cross sectional size and shape desired in the final catalyst particles. For example, the die may have openings therein in the shape of three-leaf clovers so as to produce an extrudate material similar to that shown in FIGS. 8 and 8A of U.S. Pat. No. 4,028,227, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Among preferred shapes for the die openings are those that result in particles having surface-to- volume ratios greater than about 100 reciprocal inches. After extrusion, the support particulates or the finished catalyst particles are cut into lengths of from 1/16 to 1/2 inch. The resulting partiles are subjected to a calcination at an elevated temperature, normally between about 600. degree. F. and about 1600° F., to produce support particulates or catalytic particles of high crushing strength. The dual-function catalyst contains at least one Group VIII metal component, such as an oxide or free metal form thereof, typically in an amount from about 1 to about 40 weight percent, preferably between 10 and 25 weight percent, calculated as the monoxide. Suitable metal components are non-noble Group VIII metals such as nickel, cobalt and iron, with nickel being the most preferred non-noble Group VIII metal. The dual- function catalyst also contains one or more additional metal components, in particular, the metals or oxides of the Group IB metals, such as copper, and Group IIB metals, such as zinc and cadmium. The Group IB, IIB and non-noble Group VIII metals are most preferably employed in proportions each greater than 1.0 weight percent, and usually between about 5 and about 20 weight percent, calculated as the monoxide. Furthermore, when non-noble Group VIII and Group IB metals are present in combination on the catalyst, the catalyst preferably contains at least an equal weight percent, and more preferably, a greater weight percent of Group IB metal components, calculated as the monoxide, than that of the non-noble Group VIII components, calculated as the monoxide When the metal components consist essentially of nickel and copper metal components, the nickel component is usually present in proportions sufficient to ensure that the catalyst contains between 1.0 and about 20 weight percent of the nickel component, calculated as NiO, and the copper component between about 5.0 weight percent and about 20 weight percent, calculated as CuO. Although nickel, copper and the other metal components may be supplied from essentially any convenient source, the typical inorganic compounds for use herein include nickel nitrate, nickel acetate, nickel carbonate, nickel oxide, hetamcopper nitrate, copper carbonate, copper oxide, and the like. Organometallic compounds may be utilized such as cyclopentadienyl or carbonyl nickel or copper compounds. The metal components may be impregnated into the extruded support particulates from a liquid solution containing the desired component. Another method of combining the metal components with the acidic component is by mulling or comulling the metal compounds with the acidic components and binding materials. In a preferred embodiment, the extruded and calcined support particulates containing acidic components are impregnated with an aqueous solution containing dissolved nickel and copper components. The metals contained in the catalytic absorbent or dual- function catalyst, which will largely be present in their oxide forms after calcination in air, may be converted to their reduced forms, if desired, by contact at elevated temperatures in a reducing gas atmosphere comprising, for example, hydrogen. Most commonly, the reduction is accomplished by placing the absorbent or catalyst in its oxide form in the reactor vessel(s) wherein the isomerization and desulfurization reactions are to be performed and then passing gaseous hydrogen through the bed of materials under conditions of elevated temperature. The reducing agent may be present in the feedstock, or it may be a reducing gas added from an external source such as fresh or recycled hydrogen gas which has been stripped free of hydrogen sulfide. Alternatively still, the hydrogen may accompany the feedstock itself, as would be the case, for example, if the isomerization operation is performed immediately after hydrotreating. These and other equivalent methods for activating the catalytic absorbent or dual-function catalyst by conversion to the reduced form may be utilized in the invention. An unusual feature of the multi-metal dual-function catalyst of the invention is stability of such a catalyst compared to a dual- function catalyst containing a single metal component on its support. The stability of the dual-function catalyst, as defined herein, is the decline in isomerization activity of the catalyst over time of contact of the catalyst with a feedstock at isomerization conditions. The more stable the catalyst, the lesser the degree or amount of decline of isomerization activity of the catalyst over time. In the present invention as seen hereinafter in Example II, a dual-function catalyst containing at least 1.0 weight percent of a Group VIII metal component, such as nickel, and at least 1.0 weight percent of a Group IB metal component, such as copper, is more stable than a dual-function catalyst containing essentially the same composition except not containing the copper component. The Isomerization Catalyst And Conditions for Operation The isomerization catalyst employed in the process of the invention includes any catalyst having the property of promoting the isomerization or hydroisomerization of n-paraffins in a hydrocarbon feedstock, and more particularly the isomerization of n-pentane and/or n- hexane compounds. Typical isomerization catalysts contain a noble metal such as platinum and/or palladium on a cracking or acidic component as hereinbefore described. A preferred acidic component for the isomerization catalyst is a zeolitic crystalline molecular sieve such as hydrogen mordenite. A highly preferred isomerization catalyst contains platinum and hydrogen mordenite. Examples of useful isomerization or hydroisomerization catalysts are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,232,181 and 4,182,692 issued to Kiovsky et al., 3,925,503 issued to Parthasarathy, and 4,238,319 issued to Hauschildt et al., all of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties herein. Preferred isomerization catalysts include those promoting the isomerization reactions in the presence of added hydrogen (hydroisomerization) and particularly those catalysts promoting isomerization of a gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock. The conditions employed to isomerize (or hydroisomerize) a hydrocarbon feedstock will vary depending upon the particular process embodiment in which the catalytic absorbent and/or dual-function catalyst and/or isomerization catalyst is used and the nature of the feedstock. Most usually, a fixed bed of the isomerization catalyst is contacted by the feedstock in a reactor operated at a temperature less than 650° F. and usually in the range from about 50° F. to about 600° F., preferably an elevated temperature from about 450. degree. F. to about 550° F., and most preferably from about 480. degree. F. to about 520° F. The feedstock passed to the isomerization catalyst may be in the liquid phase, but is preferably is in the gaseous phase when it contacts the isomerization catalyst. Typical pressures maintained during such contacting are in the range from atmospheric to about 500 p.s.i.g., preferably less than about 400 p. s.i.g. and most preferably about 200 p. s.i.g. to about 350 p.s.i.g. The weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of the feedstock over the isomerization catalyst is about 0.1 to about 5.0, preferably about 0.5 to about 3.0, and most preferably about 1.0 to about 2.0. In the presence of hydrogen, the hydrocarbon feed contacts the isomerization catalyst under hydroisomerization conditions wherein a hydrogen recycle rate of usually about 1,000 to about 8,000, and preferably about 1,500 to about 4,500 standard cubic feet per barrel (scf/bbl). It has been observed that the activity of the isomerization catalyst for producing a hydrocarbon product of high octane quality from a feedstock containing normal paraffins, particularly n-pentane and/or n- hexane, is diminished in an unusual manner when the sulfur content of the feedstock is varied from 0 to 1, 1 to 2, or 2 to 5 ppmw of sulfur. As the feedstock sulfur content is increased from 0 to 1 ppmw, the isomerization activity of the catalyst decreases as evidenced by an increase in the n- hexane content of the product as well as by a decrease in the product octane, pentane isomer product, dimethyl butanes and methyl pentanes. In a typical situation wherein a feedstock consisting of an equimolar mixture of n-pentane and n-hexane is treated with the isomerization catalyst, the loss in activity is manifested by an increase in the mole percent of n-hexane product remaining from the total hexane product by 5. 0 to 10.0 mole percent and by decreases in research octane number by 1.0 to 3.0 numbers. Also, the mole percent of pentane isomer product in the total pentane product is increased by 2.0 to 8.0 mole percent, the mole percent of dimethyl butane in the total hexane product by 1.0 to 3.0 mole percent, and the mole percent of methyl tane in the total hexane product by 1.0 to 10.0 mole percent. An increase in the sulfur level from 1 to 2 ppmw results in an additional decline in activity of about the same magnitude as experienced when the sulfur level increases from 0 to 1 ppmw. A further increase in the amount of sulfur, from 2 to 5 ppmw, on the other hand, results in only a very small additional decline in activity. When the amount of sulfur in the feedstock is greater than 5 ppmw, little change has been observed in the activity. Clearly, it is the first 2 ppmw increment in sulfur that results in a major part of the activity decline. Such relationships between feedstock sulfur content and activity have been observed particularly at isomerization temperatures in the range from about 450. degree. F. to about 575° F., and more particularly in the range from about 470° F. to about 520° F. Process Embodiments In one embodiment of the invention, a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock containing greater than 2 ppmw, and usually greater than 5 ppmw of sulfur, calculated as S, and normal paraffins contacts a catalytic absorbent or dual-function catalyst in one or more upstream reaction zones under desulfurization conditions, e.g., sulfur-absorbing conditions including a temperature less than 650° F. and usually in the range from about 200° F. to about 600° F. and a pressure in the range from about 100 p.s.i.g. to about 750 p.s.i.g. and a space velocity of about 0. 1 to about 5.0 (WHSV). The feedstock contacts the catalytic absorbent or dual-function catalyst in either the liquid or gaseous phase and in the presence or absence of hydrogen, depending upon which environment is most effective for sulfur removal by the particular active metal components in the absorbent or catalyst at the conditions of sulfur removal. The effluent from the upstream reaction zone(s) contains sulfur in a concentration less than 5 ppmw, preferably less than 2 ppmw of sulfur, and more preferably in the range from 0-1 ppmw, and most preferably nil; i.e., less than 0.1 ppmw, calculated as S. Hydrogen is usually added to the effluent (if not already present in sufficient amount) and the effluent then passed over an isomerization reaction zone at isomerization (hydroisomerization) conditions including a temperature in the range from about 450° F. to about 575° F. Due to the isomerization (hydroisomerization) reactions, the product hydrocarbon obtained from the downstream reaction zone(s) contains a reduced concentration of normal paraffins and an increased concentration of isomerized paraffin compounds. More particularly, when the feedstock contains n-pentane and n-hexane compounds, the reactions in the isomerization (hydroisomerization zone yield product hydrocarbons containing a reduced amount of n-pentane and n- hexane, usually at least about 30 percent reduction of at least one, and an increased amount of pentane isomers (such as methyl butane and neopentane) and/or hexane isomers (such as dimethyl butanes and methyl pentanes). Such yields of isomers are usually at least about 1.2 times higher, and in some cases higher by a factor of two, than yields obtained from a process wherein essentially the same hydrocarbon feedstock contacts the isomerization catalyst without benefit of sulfur removal in the upstream reaction zones(s) containing the catalytic absorbent or dual- function catalyst. In a modified process of the preceding embodiment, it is preferred that the operating conditions in both the upstream and downstream reaction zones be essentially equivalent and that the contacting with the catalytic absorbent or dual-function catalyst in the upstream reaction zone and contacting the hydroisomerization catalyst in the downstream reaction zone(s) be in the gaseous phase. Accordingly, operating conditions in both the upstream and downstream reaction zones are those disclosed hereinbefore for the bed of isomerization catalyst, i. e., a temperature in the range from about 450° F. to about 550. degree. F., a pressure in the range from about 200 p.s.i.g. to about 350 p.s.i.g., a space velocity in the range from about 0.5 to about 3.0 WHSV, and the presence of hydrogen. Such a scheme eliminates the need for heat- exchange means between the upstream and downstream reaction zone(s) in order to provide a gaseous effluent to the downstream reaction zone. Furthermore, when the dual-function catalyst is employed in the upstream reaction zone(s), the conditions must be such that isomerization occurs in both the upstream and downstream reaction zones. In the modified process just described, the dual-function catalyst is employed in the upstream reaction zone(s) so as to simultaneously absorb sulfur compounds and isomerzone(s), in addition to containing less than 1 ppmw and preferably essentially no sulfur, also contains an increased amount of pentane isomers and/or hexane isomers as compared to that in the feedstock. Such isomerization in the upstream reaction zone(s) supplements the isomerization in the downstream reaction zone(s) to yield a product hydrocarbon from the overall process (i.e., effluent from the downstream reaction zone(s)) that contains essentially no sulfur, a reduced content of n-pentane and n-hexane, and an increased amount of pentane and hexane isomers. Although a typical flow scheme involves successively passing a hydrocarbon feedstock through at least one sulfur absorption reactor containing a catalytic absorbent and subsequently through at least one isomerization reactor containing the isomerization catalyst, the process of the invention is not limited to this particular flow scheme. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, two or more separate reaction zones may be utilized in series in one reactor, with at least one upstream reaction zone containing the catalytic absorbent and at least one downstream reaction zone containing the dual-function catalyst. Furthermore, the dual-function catalyst can be utilized alone in one or more reaction zones at isomerization conditions disclosed hereinbefore. In this latter embodiment the feedstock usually contains less than 5 ppmw, preferably less than 2 ppmw and most preferably in the range from 0-1 ppmw of sulfur, calculated as S. The invention is further illustrated by the following examples which are illustrative of specific modes of practicing the invention and are not intended as limiting the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims. EXAMPLE I A conventional isomerization catalyst designated as "HS-10" and commercially available from the Linde Division of the Union Carbide Corporation is contacted in 7 separate runs with a hydrocarbon feedstock consisting of equimolar mixture of n-pentane and n-hexane and doped with thiophene in concentacts the isomerization catalyst for 4 hours at 300. degree. C. and the feedstock contacts the isomerization catalyst in the presence of hydrogen in a stainless steel reactor (designated as R-2 herein) in each run for 24 hours under the conditions in Table I: TABLE I ______________________________________ Temperature 250° C. Pressure 300 p.s.i.g. Space Velocity 3.0/hr WHSV Hydrogen/Feedstock 4/1 molar ______________________________________ In run numbers 2 and 3 a catalytic absorbent, designated as Catalyst A (containing a nominal 20 weight percent of copper oxide, calculated as CuO, on gamma alumina), is contacted with the feedstock in an upstream separate stainless steel reactor (designated as R-1 herein) under the above mentioned conditions in Table I. In these runs the feedstock is passed serially over the materials in R-1 and R-2 and the effluent from R- 1 analyzed for sulfur content and the effluent from R-2 analyzed for octane rating and for the products set forth in Table II: TABLE II ______________________________________ R-2 Hydrocarbon Products ______________________________________ i-C.sub.5 mole percent of pentane isomer product in the total pentane product DMB mole percent of dimethyl butane product in the total hexane product MP mole percent of methyl pentane in the total hexane product n-C.sub.6 mole percent of n-hexane product remain- ing from the total hexane product RONC calculated research octane number of the C.sub.5 + isomers in the product ______________________________________ In runs 6 and 7, R-1 contains Catalyst DF, a dual-function catalyst containing a nominal 15.0 weight percent of nickel oxide, calculated as NiO, 68 weight percent of LZ-210 zeolite (having a silica- to-alumina ratio of 9.0), and 17 weight percent of alumina. Catalyst DF is prepared by comulling the LZ-210 zeolite with sufficient alumina hydrogel. The comulled paste is extruded in particulate form having a cross-sectional cylindrical shape. The particulates are of a length between about 1/4 and 1/2 inch, are dried and calcined in air. The extrudates are then impregnated with sufficient aqueous solution of nickel nitrate. In runs 8 and 9, Catalyst DF is contacted with the feedstock in R-2. The following Table III summarizes (1) the sulfur content of the feedstock (doped with mercaptan) or effluent from R-1 for each run and (2) the isomerized products and octane values obtained from effluent of R-2. Note that in runs 1, 4, 5, 8 and 9, the through only one reactor vessel, R-2, and contacts the catalytic absorbent or dual-function catalyst as shown in Table III. TABLE III _________________________________________________________________________ _ Feedstock Sulfur, ppmw S Effluent Isomer- Catalytic from R-1 Feed- ization Feedstock Absorbent that passes stock Catalyst R-2 Product Analysis Run No. to R-1 in R-1 to R-2 in R-2 in R-2 I--C.sub.5 DMB MP n-C.sub.6 RONC _________________________________________________________________________ _ 1 -- -- -- 0 HS-10 15.0 3.4 43.2 53.4 56.6 2 0 Cat. A 0 -- HS-10 15.7 3.9 40.7 55.4 56.7 3 5 Cat. A 0 -- HS-10 15.7 3.9 39.8 56.9 56.2 4 -- -- -- 5 HS-10 7.9 2.8 18.0 79.2 49.4 5 -- -- -- 100 HS-10 9.7 3.6 20.9 75.4 50.6 6 0 Cat. DF 0 -- HS-10 34.8 13.3 62.3 24.3 68.3 7 100 Cat. DF 0 -- HS-10 31.2 9.6 60.6 29.8 66.0 8 -- -- -- 0 Cat. DF 12.0 4.0 45.6 50.4 57.0 9 -- -- -- 100 Cat. DF 10.1 2.8 36.0 61.1 53.8 _________________________________________________________________________ _ --not applicable The data in Table III demonstrate that in run no. 4, 5 ppmw of sulfur causes a substantial decline in isomer product yields as compared to the yields in run nos. 1, 2 and 3 from the sulfur-free feedstocks. The process of the invention in run no. 3 provides a sulfur-free feedstock contacting the isomerization catalyst and results in isomerization products of essentially the same yields as in run nos. 1 and 2 wherein the sulfur-free feedstocks also contact the isomerization catalyst. In run no. 5, a feedstock containing 100 ppmw of sulfur contacting the isomerization catalyst in R-2 also causes substantial decline in the activity of the isomerization catalyst as compared to that when a sulfur- free feedstock contacts the catalyst (see run nos. 1- 3). However, when the dual-function Catalyst DF is utilized in the upstream reactor, R-1, in the process of the invention (run nos. 6 and 7), a substantial increase in isomerization results in the products from R-2 as compared to that in run no. 5. Such an increase in isomerization occurs when 0 or 100 ppmw of sulfur are contained in the feedstock supplied to R- 1. It is clearly shown in run no. 7 that the dual-function catalyst provides substantial desulfurization. Furthermore, the dual-function catalyst (run nos. 6 and 7) also provides substantial isomerization. In runs nos. 6 and 7 the mole percent of pentane isomer product (i-C.sub.5) is more than doubled and the mole percent of n-hexane product remaining (n-C.sub.6) is essentially reduced by at least a factor of two, when compared against run nos. 1-3 wherein sulfur-free feedstocks also contact the isomerization catalyst in R-2. Thus, isomerization occurs in both R-1 and R-2 in run nos. 6 and 7 whereas in run nos. 1-3 isomerization only occurs in R-2. In run nos. 8 and 9 wherein the dual-function Catalyst DF is employed in R-2 as the only catalyst in the process, the yield of isomerization products is at least equivalent, or in the case of n- hexane isomerization, substantially greater than that in respective run nos. 1 and 5. In the comparison of run no. 8 with run no. 1, both the isomerization catalyst, HS-10, and the dual-function catalyst are contacted with the sulfur-free feedstock to produce similar yields of isomerized products. However, when the feedstock is doped with 100 ppmw of sulfur in run nos. 9 and 5, the process of the invention (employing Catalyst DF in run no. 9) produces a substantially increased yield of isomerized hexane compounds and improved product octane compared to run no. 5 employing the conventional catalyst. Catalyst DF is clearly more sulfur tolerant than Catalyst HS-10. EXAMPLE II Two catalysts, one designated as "DFNi" and the other as "DFCu/Ni" are prepared in a similar manner to Catalyst DF of Example I, except Catalyst DFNi contains a nominal 11.0 weight percent of nickel oxide, calculated as NiO, and Catalyst DFCu/Ni contains a nominal 11.0 weight percent of nickel oxide (as NiO) and 8.1 weight percent of copper (II) oxide, calculated as CuO, with both catalysts having the balance of the composition with a support containing LZ-210 zeolite (having a silica- to- alumina ratio of 12.0) in an 80/20 weight ratio to alumina. Each catalyst is contacted in the R-2 reactor of Example I in separate 70-hour runs with the hydrocarbon feedstock of Example I, doped with thiophene to an initial concentration of 15 ppmw, calculated as S. The catalysts are initially contacted with hydrogen gas for 48 hours at 375. degree. C. and 300 p.s.i.g. and then contacted by the feedstock under the same conditions as Example I for 70 hours, except the temperature is increased to 270° C. for the run employing Catalyst DFNi and to 285° C. for the run employing Catalyst DFCu/Ni, the initial temperatures being selected to provide each catalyst with the same initial isomerization activity for each run. In accordance with the same designations as indicated for the R- 2 hydrocarbon products in Table II of Example I, the following Table IV summarizes the isomerized products obtained from the effluent of each run. Throughout each run the effluent is observed to have a nil sulfur concentration. TABLE IV _________________________________________________________________________ _ Run length, i-C.sub.5 DMB MP n-C.sub.6 hrs. DFNi DFCu/Ni DFNi DFCu/Ni DFNi DFCu/Ni DFNi DFCu/Ni _________________________________________________________________________ _ 20 36.0 37.5 19.0 19.0 60.0 60.0 21.0 21.0 30 33.0 35.0 18.0 19.0 60.0 60.0 23.5 22.5 40 27.5 32.5 14.0 17.5 58.0 60.0 27.0 23.5 50 23.0 31.0 11.5 16.0 57.0 59.5 32.0 24.5 60 18.0 27.5 7.5 14.0 51.5 58.0 41.0 27.0 70 12.5 25.0 5.5 13.0 43.0 57.5 55.0 30.0 _________________________________________________________________________ _ The data in Table IV demonstate that the Catalyst DFCu/Ni has much more isomerization stability than Catalyst DFNi over the course of each run. For example, the decrease in the mole percent of pentane isomer product in the total pentane product (i-C.sub.5) over the last 50 hours of each 70 hour run is only about 12.5 mole percent (37.5-25.0) for the nickel/copper containing catalyst compared to about twice that amount, i. e., 23.5 mole percent, (36.0-12.5) for the nickel only catalyst. Also, the decreases in the mole percentage of methyl pentane (MP) and dimethyl butane (DMB) product and the increases in the mole percentages of the normal hexane (n-C.sub.6) product over each run are much less sharp for the nickel/copper catalysts than for the nickel-only catalyst. In view of the foregoing description of the invention including the Examples thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended in the invention to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as may fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Price: $18.50 Preface to Lenten Cookbook The committee wishes to thank all contributors and recognizes that many of these recipes have been handed down from generation to generation. The Cookbook Committee Table of Contents \| \| Tips and Information Ethnic Favourites Appetizers & Beverages Soups Salads Dressings Sauces Vegetables Main Dishes Breads & Quick Breads Desserts Canning & Preserves Acknowledgements Index \| \| xii 1 15 19 27 39 41 47 59 91 103 117 123 125 It has been widely observed that never before has it been so easy to fast, as now. Whereas our ancestors survived almost totally on what they could grow in their own gardens, orchards and fields, we now are able to purchase food products from virtually all over the world, and at any time of the year. Food markets and health food stores are filled with all manner of foods that make preparing lenten meals a pleasure. Many Orthodox people have been heard to comment that they eat better, healthier meals on fasting days than on feasting days, when we fall back into our old habits of eating richer, but less nutritious, meals. Fasting foods for Orthodox Christians are those made only from vegetables, fruits, nuts, grains or seeds. When available, so-called "fishwithout-backbone," such as mussels, clams, shrimp, scallops, squid and lobster, are permissible. Vegetable oils such as canola, corn or hemp oil are always allowed. Olive oil, however, which is considered a very rich oil, is allowed only on certain fasting days. Similarly, fish is traditionally allowed only on certain prescribed fasting days. Simply eating "meatlessly" is not sufficient for Orthodox fasting. The medieval Latin idea of eating fish on fasting days is a Roman Catholic invention that even that church no longer follows. Our Orthodox Holy Tradition is more strict, and consequently more beneficial for our souls. In addition to the spiritual benefit, there is also great nutritional merit in the normal Orthodox fasting diet. Some people experience some weight loss, but more important is the value of eating more healthfully. Medical science and popular culture are promoting a trend toward eating less animal protein in our diet. Decreasing animal protein and fat, while increasing a balanced consumption of fibre, that is, of fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains, are considered essential to achieve and maintain optimum health. Almost any doctor will attest that such adjustments to dietary habits can help to lessen the chances of developing heart disease, diabetes, and many types of cancer. There are many books written on the value of the so-called "Mediterranean diet," which is essentially what Orthodox Holy Tradition prescribes for us to eat on fasting days. Book stores and public libraries are full of vegetarian and other cookbooks, which can give further information, ideas and recipes.	https://st-anthony.ca/store1/cookbooks/lenten-cookbook2
Particle accelerators are definitely not known for their compact sizes, but that might change soon thanks to a team of researchers from the University of Maryland who managed to find a way to miniaturize these devices in order to make them portable, to a certain degree at least. Sources suggest that these mini-accelerators could work by shooting plasma using a laser pulse in such a way as to intensify the pulse and create a wake. This way, electrons could be accelerated to near the speed of light without using enormous amounts of energy, and the entire device could potentially be so small that it could fit inside a regular cart. Compare that with current particle accelerators that occupy entire rooms, and you’ll quickly understand why this is such a big deal in the science world. However, some accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider can’t really be made smaller because of their immense energy requirements. More modest devices can definitely be brought down to more practical sizes, which is great news as the same principles could be applied in other fields such as medicine in order to make imaging equipment smaller and easier to carry around to patients’ rooms. I do hope that the team working on this will manage to see some results and soon.	https://www.eteknix.com/scientists-might-able-create-portable-particle-accelerators/
Direct measurement of sodium influx in vascular smooth muscle. Stimulation by aldosterone. The influx of 22Na into the smooth muscle cells of incubated rat tail arteries was measured directly, in the presence and absence of 2.8 X 10(-7) M D-aldosterone. During the analysis, extracellular 22Na and 23Na were removed by incubation of the tissue in sodium-free lithium-substituted physiological salt solution at less than 3 degrees C. Aldosterone increased the influx rate coefficient by 10% (0.104 +/- 0.004 [SE] min-1, n = 13, vs 0.095 +/- 0.003 [SE] min-1, n = 13 without aldosterone; p less than 0.01) but did not significantly reduce the sodium content. We conclude from direct measurements that aldosterone acts to increase the influx of sodium in incubated tail arteries from normal rats; we conclude from measurements of the sodium influx and sodium content that aldosterone also acts to increase the efflux of sodium in this preparation.
CODE-SWITCHING ON THE INTERNET By and large, code-switching in online contexts has been observed to resemble face-to-face, conversational code-switching (Androutsopoulos, 2006, 2007; Danet & Herring, 2007). In a study of German-based diasporic websites frequented by members of various ethnic groups (e.g., Indian, Persian, Greek), Androutsopoulos (2006) shows that code-switching is used by the bilingual participants to contextualize a shift in topic or perspective. In the Greek forum, for instance, Androutsopoulos observes that switches to Greek in largely German discussion threads contextualized contributions as non-threatening to recipients (e.g., teasing). Conversely, when a discussion thread was in Greek, German did the contextualizing. In the joke-telling area of the Persian forum, users selected Persian to narrate the jokes but used German to comment on them. In line with Auer’s conversation analytic framework, Androutsopoulos (2006) argues that switches away from the generally expected base language (i.e., German) typically signal playfulness. When the other language is used as the base code, he notes that German is selected for comment and critique. FIGURE 6.1 An Example of an English Word Embedded in a Chinese Sentence Source: Su, 2003. Reproduced by permission of Wiley-Blackwell While online code-switching is in many ways similar to language mixing in face-to-face interactions, one of the biggest differences between the two is that online communication requires writing. Code-switching on the Internet may involve switching between different orthographies, which users manipulate to produce various effects. To take an example, Su (2003) examined Taiwanese college students’ use of Chinese and English orthographies on electronic bulletin board systems (BBSs). She notes that while the main language on Taiwanese BBSs is Mandarin (which is written in standardized, traditional Chinese characters), English words or expressions sometimes appear in this Chinese-dominant environment (see Figure 6.1). But when English phrases are written in Chinese characters rather than in the Roman alphabet (see Figures 6.2 and 6.3), Su (2003) shows that it indicates playfulness on the part of the writer. In Figures 6.2 and 6.3, the actual Chinese characters found in the BBSs are indicated by an arrow. Pinyin, a Mandarin Romanization system, indicates how the Chinese characters are read. In Figure 6.2, for example, the three Chinese characters read as “ou-mai-ga,” which approximates the English pronunciation of the phrase, “Oh, my god.” However, as the gloss shows, the phrase written in Chinese means something totally different from the original English expression. Su (2003) notes that the high-low-high-falling tone contour of the three characters mimics the English intonation of the expression, “Oh, my god.” The deletion of “d” in the final position of “god” indicates that the syllable has been phonologically adapted into Chinese, making the phrase sound as if it were produced by a Taiwanese person, rather than a native English speaker. Similarly, in Figure 6.3, the low-high-falling tone contour of “gu-nai” resembles the intonation associated with the phrase “good night.” But again, the phrase written in Chinese characters means something entirely different from the English expression. Su (2003) contends that writing English phrases using Chinese characters plays down the stiffness and arrogance often linked in Taiwan with the use of English, a language with international status and overt prestige, lending this alternative linguistic practice a sense of locality and congeniality while simultaneously maintaining a level of sophistication associated with English. FIGURE 6.2 An Example of Stylized English Used in Taiwan-Based Electronic Bulletin Board Systems Source: Su, 2003. Reproduced by permission of Wiley-Blackwell FIGURE 6.3 Another Example of Stylized English Used in Taiwan-Based Electronic Bulletin Board Systems Source: Su, 2003. Reproduced by permission of Wiley-Blackwell In fact, among the Taiwanese college students Su studied, Chinese rendering of English expressions was much more widely used than English itself. Similarly, in a study of Internet Relay Chat exchanges of Cantonese-speaking university students in England, Fung & Carter (2007) show that transliterated Cantonese words or phrases inserted in an otherwise English discourse qualify the writers’ feelings. Extracts (7) and (8), taken from Fung & Carter (2007: 46), illustrate this. Cantonese is in italics. Extract (7) Kit: no, ‘ho ho may’ - (very very delicious) - (it’s very delicious) REL: ..........hhaha !! ok la !! need to do some work la ! (DM) (DM) Kit: ok, cu tommorrow Extract (8) Ying: Bill.... ho charm ho charm ar... i just failed my java exam ... (very bad very bad DM) (it’s very bad) Notice that la and ar in Extracts (7) and (8) are discourse markers (DMs) in Cantonese, which are typically found at the end of utterances and are grammatically optional (i.e., their absence does not make the utterance ungrammatical). But, as Fung & Carter (2007) point out, discourse markers perform an important function of displaying the emotional status of the bilingual participants. La, for instance, is an assertive particle which expresses mutual agreement—it establishes common understanding of situations and feelings among the participants. Since it is difficult for nonCantonese speakers to decode the meanings of these and other Cantonese expressions embedded in an otherwise English text, Fung & Carter (2007) argue that code-switching helps to reinforce solidarity among the Cantonese- English bilingual users in this online environment. To understand the bilingual chat interactions, one must be familiar with the beliefs, assumptions, and attitudes of the members of this close-knit speech community, which are manifested in their language mixing behaviors and are off-limits to nonCantonese speakers.	https://ebrary.net/113376/economics/code_switching_internet
William Henry Harrison’s term as the ninth President of the United States of America was the shortest. He immediately succumbed to pneumonia 30 days after his election as President. Although his presidency was short-lived, his political years were very colorful. William Henry Harrison left a memorable legacy not only to grandson, Benjamin Harrison who was later elected as the 23rd leader of USA, but to the entire American people as well. Early Political Contributions Born into one of the wealthiest families in the United States, William Henry Harrison started his political career as the Secretary of the Northwest Territory. The said territory included the States of Ohio, Indiana, Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin and Illinois. Harrison’s brilliance was put to the test during this time because the then Governor, Arthur St. Clair, was always absent and no one was left in-charge of the region’s affairs. Harrison became the acting governor during such absence. As a member of the elite class during his time, William Henry Harrison had close ties with businessmen and other politicians. In fact, because of Harrison’s brilliance both in business and in politics, the elite eastern people looked up to the man as a frontier leader. The main problem during this period was the expensive prices of land in the northwestern territory. Harrison vigorously fought for lower land prices and continued to gain the admiration of so many people. Harrison wanted to boost the image of the region to persuade people to migrate. Due to his advocacy, he was elected as the very first representative of the Northwestern Territory to the 6th US Congress. He was only 26 years old at that time. The said position was not a privileged one because Harrison was not allowed to take part in the approval of congressional bills. However, the committee allowed him to assist the working group, participate in various debates and to propose laws. The greatest contribution of William Henry Harrison was the approval of the Harrison Land Act. The law made it possible for ordinary people with average income to purchase their own land in the Northwestern region. People who had acres of land were allowed to subdivide the same and sell the small tracts. Settlers began flocking to the region and rapid increase in the territory’s population ensued. During his congressional term, Harrison was one of those who recommended dividing the vast Northwestern Territory into two. The proposition was approved and the bill passed the readings in 1800 and this gave rise to the creation of the Territories of Ohio and Indiana. The popularity of Harrison became immensely great and the President at that time, John Adams, believed in his capabilities. Without even breaking the news to Harrison, President John Adams designated him as the new Governor of the newly created region. President Adams knew of Harrison’s dedication to his work and his close relations to the territory. In addition to this, Harrison’s neutrality when it comes to politics is also a very important consideration. Because of his new appointment, Harrison had to resign from his congressional seat after a dialogue with the Jeffersonian group. Political upheavals were frequent during the 1800s but Harrison was assured that he will not be removed from office even assuming that the Jeffersonians gain the slot during the succeeding election. Governor of the Indiana Territory The Indiana territory had its very first Governor in the person of young William Henry Harrison. This newly established region comprises of Indiana, eastern Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin and Illinois. Harrison took this position seriously and he had to move to the capital of the region which was Vincennes. There he constructed his Grouseland home, which has become a well-known tourist attraction today. William Henry Harrison was given an all-encompassing type of authority over the entire territory and began appointing his trusted officials who will in turn come up with an effective legislature for the region. Harrison’s primordial aim was to make Indiana a state and he was so focused in achieving this objective. Research says that this was because of Harrison’s own personal gain. His entire wealth and political ambitions at that time was connected to Indiana and if it became a state, he will definitely gain the benefit. When President Thomas Jefferson was elected into office, he allowed Governor William Henry Harrison to negotiate several treaties with the Indians. A total of 13 treatises were signed through the efforts of Harrison and his staff. The agreement transferred more than 60 million acres of land from native Indian titles to the United States. A greater portion of southern Indiana, Sauk, Meskwaki and several parts of Missouri were literally surrendered to the leadership of the United States. Role during the Battle of Tippecanoe William Henry Harrison, Governor of Indiana led thousands of United States men against the Indian confederation under the leadership of Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa. Harrison’s troupe was caught by surprise in the early hours of the morning when a surprise attack was launched. However, because of good tactic and offensive strategy, Harrison was able to ward off the attack and destroyed Prophetstown and its people. Harrison’s victory greatly incapacitated Tecumseh’s group and history shows that they never really recovered from such devastating blow. The result of the battle of Tippecanoe was advantageous for Harrison and he became even more popular. Native Indian tribal chiefs of Miami, Lenape and Pottawatomie agreed to sell more than 3 million acres of land to the United States because they trusted Governor Harrison’s leadership. Harrison’s dream of turning Indiana into a State came within grasp. Established Political Career “Buckeye” Harrison, as he was endearingly called by his Westerner friends in Congress, finished the term of Ohio Representative John McLean. It was in 1819 when William Henry Harrison decided to shift to a higher post in government office and run for Senate. Because of Harrison’s good political record, he became the standard Whig candidate. Posters of Harrison’s accomplishments in war as well as his previous political career boosted his Presidential candidacy. Good propaganda was developed for the Harrison Presidential campaign and completely erased his political stigma from that of a rich pro-slave elite leader to a humble and sincere frontiersman. His role during the war of Tippecanoe became his Presidential slogan and gained the trust and confidence of the electorate. Harrison had a formidable political campaign force and this enabled him to win the Presidential seat against his popular opponent, Van Buren. President William Henry Harrison had many plans when he won the elections and mentioned all of these during his Presidential inaugural address. People had enormous hope for the Harrison administration because they regarded their leader as a formidable legislator. However, the hope began to fade because Harrison became very ill and his busy days in office did not help. President Harrison’s cold started after his inaugural speech. Several doctors were called to treat the President’s pneumonia which later became worse when he had pleurisy but his condition did not improve. He had shivers and his health continued to deteriorate after nine days of being ill. President William Henry Harrison and his dreams for the United States ended on the 4th day of April, 1841.	https://totallyhistory.com/william-henry-harrison/
You will need to log in to book media The “Probability” episode is a sure bet. Probability is a way to measure how likely it is that something will happen. Probabilities are predictions. They’re often just very careful guesses. When a scientist wants to calculate a probability, she or he gathers data and then uses the data to make her or his guess. Probabilities are between 100% (it’s definitely going to happen) and 0% (forget about it, pal, it’s not going to happen). Most things have a probability somewhere in between. Scientists use probabilities to predict the future, to decide if things will happen. The weather forecaster can predict a 67% chance of rain because all last year, and many years before that, people have been recording all sorts of information about the weather. By comparing the weather conditions today with the weather conditions from past days, the forecaster can predict what’s going to happen tomorrow. Sometimes the forecast isn’t correct, because no matter how much information is available, a probability is still a guess, not a certainty – not a sure thing. You can predict the Sun will rise tomorrow with very, very good probability. You can be sure there will be an earthquake this year, but where or when – that’s a whole ‘nother probability. Don’t press your luck – be sure to watch Bill Nye the Science Guy’s “Probability” episode.	http://www.gvlibraries.org/content/probability
An Introduction to Staffing Models Staffing Models is initially a two-step process of identifying the organizational mission, what metrics to track, and what processes there are. The next step is to find out how long it takes to do each task, how much volume they typically have, and then provide the tools to both track and report that information. Utilization Reports Utilization is a measure of how much work was accomplished with the hours spent. Tasks are determined to take an average amount of time, which is multiplied by task volume and divided by billed hours. The utilization report displays that information to evaluate and track the effectiveness of a department. Utilization is reflected in percent and optimal performance is considered to be between 90% and 100%. Excess Capacity Excess Capacity is the difference in time between what it should have taken to complete production and what we actually used to complete production. The white bar represents the time needed to complete the reported volume for each day and the red bar represents the excess capacity for that day in hours. Excess Capacity is a complementary metric to use in conjunction with Utilization to help management make staffing decisions in the future. Dashboard Views Executive dashboards provide an up-to-date snapshot of ongoing performance and trends. Dashboards should deliver clear, visual displays of a large set of data where performance is measured against expectations, goals, and deadlines. Production data is entered into the another tab within Excel for the appropriate date. The result is presented in final form on the “Report” tab, which is seen here to the left. This particular report uses micro-charts called sparklines and is designed to contain a rolling quarter year. This means the report will always have the previous two months data and the current months will be entered real-time at the bottom. Each rolling quarter is then archived for historical reporting at the end of each month. Wedding Clocks “Wedding Clocks” are a newly developed method for visually representing deadlines using special in-cell charts. In this example, the chart indicates the expectation for branches to have all batches transmitted by 6:30 PM, which is straight up and down on a clock. This chart points straight down (50% filled) at that goal and any result that varies from that (greater or lesser than 50% filled) is a reflection of meeting or exceeding that goal. Wedding Clocks are called this because Erich Stauffer noted that it is good luck to start a wedding at the bottom of the hour to catch the upswing of the second-hand. The range on both sides of 6:30 in this example is 3 hours (from 3:30 to 8:30).	https://www.erichstauffer.com/tag/excel
This chapter reflects the general overview of the topic of study. It narrates the background of the study done previously and also the statement of problem that encourages this study. It also outline the question of this research, the objectives and also the hypotheses made based on the review of literature. The significance of the study is mentioned along with definition of variables and ends with a conclusion on the matters discussed. The use of social network sites (SNS) or social media sites, such as Facebook, Twitter and Wechat had become an utterly daily routine for most of the people, especially among young adults (Sheldon, 2008), with more than 90% of them using SNS (Duggan & Smith, 2013). The rapid development of SNS in a relatively short period leads to a revolution in people?s communication (Kross et al., 2013) and eventually emerge as part of the people?s culture (Schultz, 2009). This phenomenon was similar to the time at where internet was introduced (Jones, Johnson-Yale, Perez, & Schuler, 2007). Since the year of internet being introduced, the individual?s usages of internet had gone to an extent at where addiction form of behavioral and psychological patterns similar to alcohol and gambling addiction are observable (Brenner, 1997 as cited in Xanidis & Brignell, 2016). Furthermore, studies suggested that the extensive use of internet leads to several effects on the psychological well-being such as depression, anxiety and distraction (Cardak, 2013; Ma, Li & Naoya, 2014). The SNS which are the applications derived from the internet was found to have similarities with the internet usage in its effects towards the user (Aida Abdulahi, Behrang Samadi, & Behrooz Gharleghi, 2014). To discover the recent phenomena, researches had either used the adapted versions of the internet addiction test (Cam & Isbulan, 2012) or even develop specific scales such as the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (Andraessen, Tosheim, BrunBorg, & Pallesen, 2012) and Social Media Use Questionnaire (Xanidis & Brignell, 2016) to measure the SNS addiction. Although the recent studies suggest that there is a link between the use of SNS and the aspect of psychological well-being, including the quality of sleep, the SNS has yet to be explored extensively (Xanidis & Brignell, 2016; Woods & Scott, 2016). 1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Social network sites had become the central part of young people?s life. Previous studies suggested that the excessive usage of internet could lead to sleep disturbance which influence the sleep quality and is related to the anxiety level (Canan et al., 2013). Furthermore, there is an increasing supporting research finding that showed a relationship between the internet usage such as social network sites and poor sleep quality and anxiety (Ma, Li & Naoya, 2014; Xanidis & Brignell, 2015; Woods & Scott, 2016). However, the existing literature on the association between social network...	https://brightkite.com/essay-on/association-between-social-media-sleep-quality-and-anxiety-pshychology-assignment
Remember how I was gushing about the classic Palladium boots months ago? Finally welcomed them in my closet. No more rambling. Just a bunch of pictures to show you how we have spent our first day together. LOBOGATO NECKLACE (HERE) SANDRO KNIT (SIMILAR HERE) HALE BOB JACKET (HERE) MULBERRY BAG (SIMILAR HERE) LE TEMPS DES CERISES JEANS (HERE) PALLADIUM BOOTS (HERE) 6 comments :	http://www.mirror-of-fashion.com/2013/12/outfit-of-day-made-for-walkin.html?showComment=1387631940539
Hey there friends! I am so excited to be a part of the Altenew April 2019 Washi Tape/Embossing Paste Blog Hop! If you started the hop from the beginning then you would have come from Reiko Tsuchida’s Blog. If you’ve started here, WELCOME! You can still make your way around the entire hop by clicking on the blog link at the bottom of my post. [You’ll also find a complete list of hoppers at the bottom of my post.] For my layout today, I started with a white cardstock base. I used the Sketched Lines Stencil and the new Altenew Embossing Paste diagonally down the center of the layout. I used a blue mist from my stash to add a little bit of color to the background to help the stencil lines pop. I waited for the embossing paste to be almost completely dry and then took a napkin to dab the color off the embossing paste. I love how this turned out!! It gave the embossing paste a bit more texture. Now let me give you my honest opinion of the Altenew Embossing Paste…I’m a bit of a snob when it come to embossing/texture pastes. I like them to be lightweight and really opaque! I’m so happy with how this embossing paste worked! I will definitely be reaching for it again & again!! I cut multiple rolled flowers from an older Cricut cartridge. I cut the flowers in different sizes on numerous patterned papers from the Altenew 6×6 Verdant Walk Paper Pack. I rolled the flowers and adhered them to their bases using hot glue, and then I adhered them to the layout following the same angle as the embossing paste. After I had the flowers adhered, I put the Teal Shadow Washi Tape & the Botanical Rhapsody Washi Tape on a scrap piece of white cardstock and fussy cut out the florals and leaf images. I then adhered those fussy cut images around the outside edges of the flowers. After the washi tape flowers and leaves were added to the layout, I added my title using Black Alphas from the Live Your Dream Scrapbook Collection. I added my photos to the upper right hand side of the layout and finished the layout with a few coral splatters. I absolutely love the new Altenew Washi Tapes & Embossing Paste! Now you can take a look at my YouTube Process Video. GIVEAWAYS: To celebrate this release, Altenew is giving away a $30 gift certificate to 6 lucky winners! Please leave a comment on the Altenew Card Blog and/or Altenew Scrapbook Blog by 5/1/2019 for a chance to win. Altenew will also draw a winner to receive a $15 gift certificate from the comments left on each designer’s blog on the blog hop list below. All winners will be announced on the Altenew Card Blog on 5/4/2019. I’m sure you are finding a lot of inspiration as you’re making your way around this blog hop! Next up is Marie Nicole. This blog post contains affiliate links. This means I will receive a commission (at no cost to you) from items purchased from those links. Complete Blog Hop List:	https://papercraftingwithkellyjanes.com/2019/04/25/altenew-april-2019-washi-tape-embossing-paste-release-blog-hop-giveaway/comment-page-2/
Find out if there is an existing DocuSign account in use in your department. If you are unsure, you can email the ISD Purchasing Team to find out if there is an existing account for your department. - 1. Request a departmental account for DocuSign - Email the ISD IT Purchasing Team requesting a DocuSign account. Please provide the details below in the request. - your account name (this should be your department or group name); - contact details, including name, email address, address and phone number. - 2. Activate your DocuSign account and log in - You will receive an email from DocuSign inviting you to activate your user account. Click the link in your email and log in to DocuSign. To log in: - Type in your UCL email address (e.g. [email protected]); and - Type in your UCL user ID and password. - 3. Add more users to your department's account so they can create and send documents for signing - Adding users to your account - In DocuSign eSignature Admin, click 'Users'. - Click 'Add user'. - Enter the email address for the new user and click 'Next'. - For the new user, in the Profile Information step, enter the user's full name and default language setting and complete any additional profile information as needed. After activation, the user can change these fields from their My Preferences. - Click 'Next'. - (Optional) In the Security step, add an access code to the activation email. If you add a code, you must provide the code to the user in order for them to activate their account. - Click 'Next'. - In the permission profile and Groups step: - Select a permission profile to assign to the new user. See Permission Profiles for more information. - Optional: click 'Assign groups' to select groups to assign to the new user. - Click 'Add user'. The user is added to the account with the status 'Pending'. The user will receive an activation email and must complete the activation steps to activate their new account. Once they do so, their membership status changes to 'Active'.	https://www.ucl.ac.uk/staff/task/set-esignature-account-my-department-using-docusign

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