text1
stringlengths 1
270
| text2
stringlengths 3
2.46k
| label
int64 0
1
| idx
int64 0
105k
| label_text
stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What can be accounted for by a feedback between diversity and community structure complexity? | The hyperbolic character of biodiversity growth can be similarly accounted for by a feedback between diversity and community structure complexity. | 0 | 3,000 | entailment |
When was the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship formed? | Members of both groups originally identified as Southern Baptist, but over time the groups "became permanent new families of Baptists." | 1 | 3,001 | not entailment |
How much of the earth is covered by oceans? | Sunlight absorbed by the oceans and land masses keeps the surface at an average temperature of 14 °C. | 1 | 3,002 | not entailment |
What did the query starter believe had been done by Mary's direct maternal line that contradict the conception theory of immaculate for Mary ? | Bernard would seem to have been speaking of conception in the active sense of the mother's cooperation, for in his argument he says: "How can there be absence of sin where there is concupiscence (libido)?" and stronger expressions follow, showing that he is speaking of the mother and not of the child. | 0 | 3,003 | entailment |
How many number one singles did Queen release? | The band have released a total of eighteen number one albums, eighteen number one singles, and ten number one DVDs worldwide, making them one of the world's best-selling music artists. | 0 | 3,004 | entailment |
Who were responsible for the revolts that ended with Youlou's removal? | The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat. | 1 | 3,005 | not entailment |
Portuguese primary school enrollment is close to what percent? | In addition to being a destination for international students, Portugal is also among the top places of origin for international students. | 1 | 3,006 | not entailment |
What part of the organism is usually created which becomes a developed genetically altered organism? | However, the genomes of cells in an adult organism can be edited using gene therapy techniques to treat genetic diseases. | 1 | 3,007 | not entailment |
Who maintains the Unicode Standard? | The standard is maintained by the Unicode Consortium. | 0 | 3,008 | entailment |
In 2011, how much time each day did Schwarzenegger say he lifted weights? | Schwarzenegger continues to work out even today. | 1 | 3,009 | not entailment |
What does Dawkins explain must compete with each other in living begins? | In his book, The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution, biologist Richard Dawkins grapples with the question of why pain has to be so very painful. | 1 | 3,010 | not entailment |
What is another name for Nanjing Fuzimiao? | Thus, one can see the statues of the famous teachers and educators of the past not too far from those of the courtesans who educated the young men in the other arts. | 1 | 3,011 | not entailment |
What didn't the king have in Miskito society? | Historical information on kings is often obscured by the fact that many of the kings were semi-mythical. | 1 | 3,012 | not entailment |
What was the profession of George Marshall? | Directors included Jack Conway, John Ford, Rex Ingram, Robert Z. Leonard, George Marshall and Lois Weber, one of the few women directing films in Hollywood.:13 | 0 | 3,013 | entailment |
What is the effective f-number proportional to? | The equation may be expressed as ratios, or, by taking the logarithm (base 2) of both sides, by addition, using the APEX system, in which every increment of 1 is a doubling of exposure; this increment is commonly known as a "stop". | 1 | 3,014 | not entailment |
UK aid had risen to how much in the same period? | Wages and salaries represent about 38% of recurrent expenditure. | 1 | 3,015 | not entailment |
What was New Haven's nickname? | As in other cities, many of the elms that gave New Haven the nickname "Elm City" perished in the mid-20th century due to Dutch Elm disease, although many have since been replanted. | 0 | 3,016 | entailment |
How many torchbearers carried the torch? | A total of 120 torchbearers were selected to participate in the event consisting of celebrities, athletes and pro-Beijing camp politicians. | 0 | 3,017 | entailment |
What was the name of the new regime created when the Cisalpine Republic separated from Switzerland? | The fierce French suppression of the Nidwalden Revolt in September 1798 was an example of the oppressive presence of the French Army and the local population's resistance to the occupation. | 1 | 3,018 | not entailment |
What caused lower classification status for African Americans? | Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry. | 1 | 3,019 | not entailment |
In terms of whites, what is an argument that is used to try and refute the benefits of affirmative action as it relates to the compensation argument? | In addition, arguments are made that whites today who innocently benefited from past injustices should not be punished for something they had no control over. | 0 | 3,020 | entailment |
What was the monetary base value in 1994? | The adjusted monetary base has increased from approximately 400 billion dollars in 1994, to 800 billion in 2005, and over 3000 billion in 2013. | 0 | 3,021 | entailment |
What notable football player played at Notre Dame from 1916 to 1920? | It was in 1928 that famed coach Knute Rockne used his final conversation with the dying Gipp to inspire the Notre Dame team to beat the Army team and "win one for the Gipper." | 1 | 3,022 | not entailment |
What widely-used product is almost always made of wood fibers? | Wood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). | 1 | 3,023 | not entailment |
East Slavic people consist of which nationalities? | Modern Slavic nations and ethnic groups are considerably diverse both genetically and culturally, and relations between them – even within the individual ethnic groups themselves – | 1 | 3,024 | not entailment |
What type of party system is the United States? | The United States has become essentially a two-party system. | 0 | 3,025 | entailment |
After resigning where did Stratford Canning sail off to? | The Leader of the Opposition in the British House of Commons, Benjamin Disraeli, blamed Aberdeen and Stratford's actions for making war inevitable, thus starting the process which would eventually force the Aberdeen government to resign in January 1855, over the war. | 1 | 3,026 | not entailment |
What was Germany going to be called if Prussian won? | As German nationalism grew strongly inside the German Confederation and neither could decide on how Germany was going to be unified into a nation-state. | 1 | 3,027 | not entailment |
What famous writer has a house in Philadelphia? | Other historic sites include homes for Edgar Allan Poe, Betsy Ross, and Thaddeus Kosciuszko, early government buildings like the First and Second Banks of the United States, Fort Mifflin, and the Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') | 0 | 3,028 | entailment |
Who still could handle the structural calculations for designing at that time? | A revival of the Classical style in architecture was accompanied by a burgeoning of science and engineering which affected the proportions and structure of buildings. | 1 | 3,029 | not entailment |
What dynasty ruled Egypt in this period? | Umayyad descendants took over the Iberian Peninsula, the Aghlabids controlled North Africa, and the Tulunids became rulers of Egypt. | 0 | 3,030 | entailment |
Paraffin wax is an example of what kind of storage media? | Phase change materials such as paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are another thermal storage media. | 0 | 3,031 | entailment |
When was Weld re-elected governor? | Kerry won re-election with 53 percent to Weld's 45 percent. | 1 | 3,032 | not entailment |
What will happen if too many consumers save or pay down debt simultaneously? | Too many consumers attempting to save (or pay down debt) simultaneously is called the paradox of thrift and can cause or deepen a recession. | 0 | 3,033 | entailment |
What did the Patriot Act make it easier for law enforcement to search? | The act also expanded the definition of terrorism to include domestic terrorism, thus enlarging the number of activities to which the USA PATRIOT Act's expanded law enforcement powers could be applied. | 1 | 3,034 | not entailment |
In what era were there many socio-technological trends? | Regarding the 21st century and the late modern world, the Information age and computers were forefront in use, not completely ubiquitous but often present in daily life. | 1 | 3,035 | not entailment |
What city in Poland is a sister city to Philadelphia? | Philadelphia has dedicated landmarks to its sister cities. | 1 | 3,036 | not entailment |
What is the railway that runs South to North called? | door of the east and west, throat of the south and north”. | 1 | 3,037 | not entailment |
What type of literature does Tusiata Avia write? | Albert Wendt is a significant Samoan writer whose novels and stories tell the Samoan experience. | 1 | 3,038 | not entailment |
Who were the final two contestants? | Fantasia and Diana DeGarmo were the last two finalists, and Fantasia was crowned as the winner. | 0 | 3,039 | entailment |
What sacred texts are some of the oldest in India? | The Vedic period is named after the Indo-Aryan culture of north-west India, although other parts of India had a distinct cultural identity during this period. | 1 | 3,040 | not entailment |
What are among the most complex characters in modern dictionaries? | The most complex character that can be input using the Microsoft New Phonetic IME 2002a for traditional Chinese is 龘 (dá, "the appearance of a dragon flying"). | 1 | 3,041 | not entailment |
What company did Laemmle found in June 1909? | That company quickly evolved into the Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP), with studios in Fort Lee, New Jersey, where many early films in America's first motion picture industry were produced in the early 20th century. | 1 | 3,042 | not entailment |
What was most likely Siddhārtha Gautama's father? | The evidence of the early texts suggests that Siddhārtha Gautama was born in a community that was on the periphery, both geographically and culturally, of the northeastern Indian subcontinent in the fifth century BCE. | 1 | 3,043 | not entailment |
What is the dominant religion of North Africa? | Officially, North African countries prefer to give preference to the Literary Arabic and conduct much of their political and religious life in it (adherence to Islam), and refrain from declaring each country's specific variety to be a separate language, because Literary Arabic is the liturgical language of Islam and the language of the Islamic sacred book, the Qur'an. | 0 | 3,044 | entailment |
How does Arsenal Ladies rank as compared with other English women's football teams? | Arsenal Ladies are the women's football club affiliated to Arsenal. | 1 | 3,045 | not entailment |
What two things declined during the attacks in Britain? | Many civilians found that the best way to retain mental stability was to be with family, and after the first few weeks of bombing avoidance of the evacuation programs grew.:80–81 Glover speculated that the knowledge that the entire country was being attacked, that there was no way to escape the bombs, forced people to accept and deal with the situation.:118 | 1 | 3,046 | not entailment |
At what floor do the doors open on the way down? | The downwards journey is completed at a reduced speed of 600 meters per minute, with the doors opening at the 52nd second. | 0 | 3,047 | entailment |
How much of Ireland's Russian speakers are Irish citizens? | According to the 2011 Census of Ireland, there were 21,639 people in the nation who use Russian as a home language. | 1 | 3,048 | not entailment |
Most vertebrates usually devote how much metabolism to the brain? | Most vertebrate species devote between 2% and 8% of basal metabolism to the brain. | 0 | 3,049 | entailment |
When where the Eclogues likely published? | Sometime after the publication of the Eclogues (probably before 37 BC), Virgil became part of the circle of Maecenas, Octavian's capable agent d'affaires who sought to counter sympathy for Antony among the leading families by rallying Roman literary figures to Octavian's side. | 0 | 3,050 | entailment |
Which Muslim scholar studied the Quran's inimitability until his death in 1078? | Medieval Muslim scholars including al-Jurjani (d. 1078) and al-Baqillani (d. 1013) have written treatises on the subject, discussed its various aspects, and used linguistic approaches to study the Quran. | 0 | 3,051 | entailment |
What film depicts the Chicago Cubs defeating a baseball team from Miami in the 2015 World Series? | The 1989 film Back to the Future Part II depicts the Chicago Cubs defeating a baseball team from Miami in the 2015 World Series, ending the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues. | 0 | 3,052 | entailment |
At which park does W 122nd Street end? | This segment runs in the Mount Morris Historical District and crosses portions of Lenox Avenue (Sixth Avenue), Seventh Avenue, Frederick Douglass Boulevard (Eighth Avenue), and Manhattan Avenue. | 1 | 3,053 | not entailment |
What is the basic, primitive part of the immune system known as? | The study of the molecular and cellular components that comprise the immune system, including their function and interaction, is the central science of immunology. | 1 | 3,054 | not entailment |
What is the name of the city's airport? | Ann Arbor Municipal Airport, which is south of the city at 42°13.38′N 83° | 0 | 3,055 | entailment |
The fourth truth consists of how many factors? | These eight factors are: | 1 | 3,056 | not entailment |
What is the oldest medical college in Asia? | Fortificação e Desenho of Rio de Janeiro) in 1792, as well as the oldest medical college in Asia (the Escola Médico-Cirúrgica of Goa) in 1842. | 0 | 3,057 | entailment |
What is an example of a lesser-known instrument taught at Eton? | The current "Precentor" (Head of Music) is Tim Johnson, and the School boasts eight organs and an entire building for music (performance spaces include the School Hall, the Farrer Theatre and two halls dedicated to music, the Parry Hall and the Concert Hall). | 1 | 3,058 | not entailment |
What is one of the most common traits of religion according to Boyer? | Anthropologist Stewart Guthrie contends that people project human features onto non-human aspects of the world because it makes those aspects more familiar. | 1 | 3,059 | not entailment |
Who composed the La conquista della Spagne di Scipione Afriacano il giovance? | Others include Giovani Battista Gervasio (Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo), Giuseppe Giuliano (Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo), Emanuele Barbella (Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo), Domenico Scarlatti (Sonata n.54 (K.89) in D minor for Mandolin and Basso Continuo), and Addiego Guerra (Sonata in G major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo). | 1 | 3,060 | not entailment |
How many songs did most albums contain? | When the 12-inch vinyl LP era began in 1949, the single record often had the same or similar number of tunes as a typical album of 78s, and was still often referred to as an "album". | 1 | 3,061 | not entailment |
What Act was the result of a meeting of Swiss politicians organized by Napolean? | In 1803 Napoleon organised a meeting of the leading Swiss politicians from both sides in Paris. | 1 | 3,062 | not entailment |
Why are groups hesitant to work with government officials ? | A 2011 report by the Hauser Center for Nonprofit Organizations found that, while contact with the Myanmar government was constrained by donor restrictions, international humanitarian non-governmental organisations (NGOs) see opportunities for effective advocacy with government officials, especially at the local level. | 1 | 3,063 | not entailment |
Which RAF technical advisor was the conversation passed onto? | The details of the conversation were passed to an RAF Air Staff technical advisor, Dr. R. V. Jones, who started an in-depth investigation which discovered that the Luftwaffe's Lorenz receivers were more than blind-landing devices. | 0 | 3,064 | entailment |
When were periods of numerous interracial relationships in the U.S.? | This has resulted in a majority of people who identify as African American having some European ancestors. | 1 | 3,065 | not entailment |
What business development did the British use to establish a hold on the global cotton market? | However, to produce a bale of cotton required over 600 hours of human labor, making large-scale production uneconomical in the United States, even with the use of humans as slave labor. | 1 | 3,066 | not entailment |
How many CDs were mass produced in 1988? | The first major artist to have his entire catalogue converted to CD was David Bowie, whose 15 studio albums were made available by RCA Records in February 1985, along with four greatest hits albums. | 1 | 3,067 | not entailment |
Which shock jock urged people to vote for Sanjaya? | Teenager Sanjaya Malakar was the season's most talked-about contestant for his unusual hairdo, and for managing to survive elimination for many weeks due in part to the weblog Vote for the Worst and satellite radio personality Howard Stern, who both encouraged fans to vote for him. | 0 | 3,068 | entailment |
What kind of medicine was practiced in India before 2500 BC? | Ayurveda is a system of traditional medicine that originated in ancient India before 2500 BC, and is now practiced as a form of alternative medicine in other parts of the world. | 0 | 3,069 | entailment |
What is a definition of signal-to-noise ratio? | The signal-to-noise ratio is defined as the standard deviation of a weighted average of the luminance and color of individual pixels. | 0 | 3,070 | entailment |
Richard M. Bowen III testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission regarding his tenure at which financial institution? | Testimony given to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission by Richard M. Bowen III on events during his tenure as the Business Chief Underwriter for Correspondent Lending in the Consumer Lending Group for Citigroup (where he was responsible for over 220 professional underwriters) suggests that by the final years of the U.S. housing bubble (2006–2007), the collapse of mortgage underwriting standards was endemic. | 0 | 3,071 | entailment |
What movement did Boston become the center of after it stopped slave trade? | Eventually Boston became a center of the abolitionist movement. | 0 | 3,072 | entailment |
Ethnohistory can study the history of what types of groups which may or may not exist today? | It is also the study of the history of various ethnic groups that may or may not exist today. | 0 | 3,073 | entailment |
In addition to Free Radio San Diego, what other pirate station is in San Diego? | The radio stations in San Diego include nationwide broadcaster, Clear Channel Communications; CBS Radio, Midwest Television, Lincoln Financial Media, Finest City Broadcasting, and many other smaller stations and networks. | 1 | 3,074 | not entailment |
The architecture of New Delhi borrows from indigenous sources but fits into what tradition? | Many elements of New Delhi architecture borrow from indigenous sources; however, they fit into a British Classical/Palladian tradition. | 0 | 3,075 | entailment |
Why were the protesters arrested? | Kerry and the other protesters later paid a $5 fine, and were released. | 1 | 3,076 | not entailment |
Along with Lorimar and National General Pictures, what library was included in the Warner Bros. library? | In March 1999, MGM paid Warner Bros. and gave up the home video rights to the MGM/UA films owned by Turner to Warner Home Video. | 1 | 3,077 | not entailment |
How did Tajikistan change their economy? | The World Bank Tajikistan Policy Note 2006 concludes that remittances have played an important role as one of the drivers of Tajikistan's robust economic growth during the past several years, have increased incomes, and as a result helped significantly reduce poverty. | 1 | 3,078 | not entailment |
What did the National Academy of Sciences independent review discover about the FBIs analytical model? | It found the analytic model used by the FBI for interpreting results was deeply flawed, and the conclusion, that bullet fragments could be matched to a box of ammunition, was so overstated that it was misleading under the rules of evidence. | 0 | 3,079 | entailment |
About how many Libyans died in Operation El Dorado Canyon? | In Operation El Dorado Canyon, orchestrated on 15 April 1986, U.S. military planes launched a series of air-strikes on Libya, bombing military installations in various parts of the country, killing around 100 Libyans, including several civilians. | 0 | 3,080 | entailment |
What is the oldest county in liberia? | Montserrado is also the most populous county with 1,144,806 residents as of the 2008 census. | 1 | 3,081 | not entailment |
Which scientist experimented with blasting alpha particles at the nuclei of gold? | The Stanford linear accelerator deep inelastic scattering experiments of the late 1960s showed, analogously to Ernest Rutherford's experiment of scattering alpha particles on gold nuclei in 1911, that nucleons (protons and neutrons) contained point-like particles that scattered electrons. | 0 | 3,082 | entailment |
How much did Madonna have when she first went to NYC? | I came here with $35 in my pocket. | 0 | 3,083 | entailment |
How many cars can the Gateway Center at Bronx Terminal Market's parking garage hold? | The Gateway Center at Bronx Terminal Market, in the West Bronx, is a shopping center that encompasses less than one million square feet of retail space, built on a 17 acres (7 ha) site that formerly held the Bronx Terminal Market, a wholesale fruit and vegetable market as well as the former Bronx House of Detention, south of Yankee Stadium. | 1 | 3,084 | not entailment |
Where did Pliny the Elder repeat Aristotle's observations? | Aristotle noted that cranes traveled from the steppes of Scythia to marshes at the headwaters of the Nile. | 1 | 3,085 | not entailment |
When did the Qing dynasty fall? | This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in AD 1911. | 0 | 3,086 | entailment |
Who led the faction that challenged Kim-Il-sung? | The Chinese support created a deep division between the Korean Communists, and Kim Il-sung's authority within the Communist party was challenged by the Chinese faction led by Pak Il-yu, who was later purged by Kim. | 0 | 3,087 | entailment |
Along with sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology, what field is part of Somali Studies? | The field draws from old Somali chronicles, records and oral literature, in addition to written accounts and traditions about Somalis from explorers and geographers in the Horn of Africa and the Middle East. | 1 | 3,088 | not entailment |
For whom is the Weddell seal named ? | The Antarctic fur seal was very heavily hunted in the 18th and 19th centuries for its pelt by sealers from the United States and the United Kingdom. | 1 | 3,089 | not entailment |
Other than Yale, New Haven has another private college in the city, it's name? | New Haven is also home to Southern Connecticut State University, part of the Connecticut State University System, and Albertus Magnus College, a private institution. | 0 | 3,090 | entailment |
What is an example of a section of Valencia that was majorly renovated? | Whole sections of the old city, for example the Carmen Quarter, have been extensively renovated. | 0 | 3,091 | entailment |
What project used an automated version of the Sanger method in its early stages? | The subsequent development of chain-termination DNA sequencing in 1977 by Frederick Sanger improved the efficiency of sequencing and turned it into a routine laboratory tool. | 1 | 3,092 | not entailment |
Along with political controversy, what can the distinction between a language and dialect sometimes lead to? | A group speaking a separate "language" is often seen as having a greater claim to being a separate "people", and thus to be more deserving of its own independent state, while a group speaking a "dialect" tends to be seen not as "a people" in its own right, but as a sub-group, part of a bigger people, which must content itself with regional autonomy.[citation needed] | 1 | 3,093 | not entailment |
What does Houston's mayor also serve as? | The City's elected officials are the mayor, city controller and 16 members of the Houston City Council. | 1 | 3,094 | not entailment |
Where in Pakistan is Waziristan? | Pakistan was also engaged in the War in North-West Pakistan (Waziristan War). | 0 | 3,095 | entailment |
Under the deal, how many AFL playoff games did ESPN broadcast each year? | The deal resulted in added exposure on ESPN's SportsCenter. | 1 | 3,096 | not entailment |
What was the specialty of great Pietho and what is famous for ? | That new notion of nationhood engendered a deep interest in the classical past culminating in the ideas of the Neoplatonist philosopher Gemistus Pletho, who abandoned Christianity. | 0 | 3,097 | entailment |
What was the communist party agitated over? | Still, many British citizens, who had been members of the Labour Party, itself inert over the issue, turned to the Communist Party. | 1 | 3,098 | not entailment |
What was the cause of Lady Flora's death in July? | When Lady Flora died in July, the post-mortem revealed a large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen. | 0 | 3,099 | entailment |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.