text1
stringlengths
1
270
text2
stringlengths
3
2.46k
label
int64
0
1
idx
int64
0
105k
label_text
stringclasses
2 values
Who placed it in his 1787 work?
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart placed it in his 1787 work Don Giovanni and Beethoven created four variations of it.
0
3,200
entailment
What subject is seen throughout Avicenna's Book of Healing?
Avicenna's legacy in classical psychology is primarily embodied in the Kitab al-nafs parts of his Kitab al-shifa (The Book of Healing) and Kitab al-najat (The Book of Deliverance).
0
3,201
entailment
What is the Jewish Legion?
Arab opposition to British rule and Jewish immigration led to the 1920 Palestine riots and the formation of a Jewish militia known as the Haganah (meaning "The Defense" in Hebrew), from which the Irgun and Lehi, or Stern Gang, paramilitary groups later split off.
1
3,202
not entailment
What else did Finlay do with his little person?
Finlay also occasionally threw him at his opponent(s).
0
3,203
entailment
What is the name of the 1801 document that aimed for reconcilliation between revolutionaries and Catholics?
It solidified the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church of France and brought back most of its civil status.
1
3,204
not entailment
Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1992?
The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods?
1
3,205
not entailment
What year did season ten of American Idol first air?
Season ten of the series premiered on January 19, 2011.
0
3,206
entailment
What is a proctodaeum?
The rectum absorbs 90% of the water in these fecal pellets, and the dry pellet is then eliminated through the anus (element 17), completing the process of digestion.
1
3,207
not entailment
What is the purpose of a pesticide?
Pesticides are substances meant for attracting, seducing, and then destroying any pest.
0
3,208
entailment
What city did Jayapala invade at least twice?
Jayapala defaulted on the payment and took to the battlefield once more.
1
3,209
not entailment
Along with with ethnicity and genetics, what is the other factor associated with differences in pain perception?
Some individuals in all cultures have significantly higher than normal pain perception and tolerance thresholds.
1
3,210
not entailment
Who discovered tyrothricin?
It was one of the first commercially manufactured antibiotics universally and was very effective in treating wounds and ulcers during World War II.
1
3,211
not entailment
What are poultry eggs used for aside from consumption?
Many vaccines to infectious diseases can be grown in fertilised chicken eggs.
0
3,212
entailment
What's an example of a softwood that isn't "soft," and is actually harder than a lot of hardwoods?
The well-known balsa (a hardwood) is actually softer than any commercial softwood.
1
3,213
not entailment
What type of Roman item was traded on the Silk Road network?
These connections marked the beginning of the Silk Road trade network that extended to the Roman Empire, bringing Han items like silk to Rome and Roman goods such as glasswares to China.
0
3,214
entailment
Vocal music in the Renaissance is noted for an increasingly elaborate what?
The principal liturgical forms which endured throughout the entire Renaissance period were masses and motets, with some other developments towards the end, especially as composers of sacred music began to adopt secular forms (such as the madrigal) for their own designs.
1
3,215
not entailment
What year did Schumann review Chopin's piano concertos?
The biography of Chopin published in 1863 under the name of Franz Liszt (but probably written by Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein) claims that Chopin "must be ranked first among the first musicians ... individualizing in themselves the poetic sense of an entire nation."
1
3,216
not entailment
How many commercial airports did the British Airports Authority originally operate?
For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five.
0
3,217
entailment
Who was the traditional partner with Great Britain at the beginning of the conflict?
France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV.
0
3,218
entailment
Which Tigranes successor composed Greek tragedies?
Tigranes' successor Artavasdes II even composed Greek tragedies himself.
0
3,219
entailment
What instrument was the precursor of the tuba?
Brass instruments included the buccin, the ophicleide (a serpent replacement which was the precursor of tuba) and the natural horn.
0
3,220
entailment
Who did Madonna's look and style of dressing influence?
It attracted the attention of organizations who complained that the song and its accompanying video promoted premarital sex and undermined family values, and moralists sought to have the song and video banned.
1
3,221
not entailment
With whom did Rome have alliances at the end of the regal period?
By the end of the regal period Rome had developed into a city-state, with a large plebeian, artisan class excluded from the old patrician gentes and from the state priesthoods.
1
3,222
not entailment
Often regular everyday craftsman were most likely what?
Greek figural mosaics could have been copied or adapted paintings, a far more prestigious artform, and the style was enthusiastically adopted by the Romans so that large floor mosaics enriched the floors of Hellenistic villas and Roman dwellings from Britain to Dura-Europos.
1
3,223
not entailment
When did Sammy Sosa explode into pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record?
In June, 1998 Sammy Sosa exploded into the pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record.
0
3,224
entailment
After what event did the Prince of Wales' health begin to improve?
In late November 1871, at the height of the republican movement, the Prince of Wales contracted typhoid fever, the disease that was believed to have killed his father, and Victoria was fearful her son would die.
1
3,225
not entailment
The Wanamaker Mile is an event by which annual track and field meeting?
The Millrose Games is an annual track and field meet whose featured event is the Wanamaker Mile.
0
3,226
entailment
Where can one find the San Diego Zoo?
The Columbia district downtown is home to historic ship exhibits belonging to the San Diego Maritime Museum, headlined by the Star of India, as well as the unrelated San Diego Aircraft Carrier Museum featuring the USS Midway aircraft carrier.
1
3,227
not entailment
Some of the kites remain at what National Historic Site?
Some of Bell's kites are on display at the Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site.
0
3,228
entailment
In which year did Umayyad Caliphate's empire collapse?
After almost two centuries, the Emirate became the Caliphate of Córdoba in 929, until its dissolution a century later in 1031 into no less than 23 small kingdoms, called Taifa kingdoms.
1
3,229
not entailment
When were tricyclic antidepressants developed?
Amphetamine was eventually developed for the treatment of narcolepsy, post-encepheletic parkinsonism, and mood elevation in depression and other psychiatric indications.
1
3,230
not entailment
How many tram stops are on Melbourne's tram network?
Melbourne's is Australia's only tram network to comprise more than a single line and consists of 250 km (155.3 mi) of track, 487 trams, 25 routes, and 1,763 tram stops.
0
3,231
entailment
Bell implemented Gray's design as a what?
After March 1876, Bell focused on improving the electromagnetic telephone and never used Gray's liquid transmitter in public demonstrations or commercial use.
1
3,232
not entailment
Shell announced it was in the process of doing what in April 2010?
On 27 August 2007, Royal Dutch Shell and Reitan Group, the owner of the 7-Eleven brand in Scandinavia, announced an agreement to re-brand some 269 service stations across Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark, subject to obtaining regulatory approvals under the different competition laws in each country.
1
3,233
not entailment
How many volumes was Principia Mathematica?
To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (professional mathematicians) that it was initially published at a loss of 600 pounds, 300 of which was paid by Cambridge University Press, 200 by the Royal Society of London, and 50 apiece by Whitehead and Russell themselves.
0
3,234
entailment
When were the last slaves freed in New York state?
The last slaves in New York were not freed until 1827.
0
3,235
entailment
What did the former opposition parties declare?
On 1 April, the former opposition parties declared that they would boycott the government.
0
3,236
entailment
What new groups were formed as a result of the Third Great Awakening?
New groupings emerged, such as the Holiness, Nazarene, and Christian Science movements.
0
3,237
entailment
When did Ramanuja live?
They saw Brahman as an eternal oneness, but also as the source of all creation, which was omnipresent and actively involved in existence.
1
3,238
not entailment
How many records did Beyoncé sell as part of Destiny's Child?
Throughout a career spanning 19 years, she has sold over 118 million records as a solo artist, and a further 60 million with Destiny's Child, making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time.
0
3,239
entailment
Dogs can understand and communicate with what other species?
As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to our behaviors.
1
3,240
not entailment
Are adolescents or children more bound to concrete events?
It also makes adolescents more skilled debaters, as they can reason against a friend's or parent's assumptions.
1
3,241
not entailment
Why was John motivated?
Viewed positively, Lewis Warren considers that John discharged "his royal duty of providing justice ... with a zeal and a tirelessness to which the English common law is greatly endebted".
1
3,242
not entailment
What is the title of the Barcelona club song?
Founded in 1899 by a group of Swiss, English and Catalan footballers led by Joan Gamper, the club has become a symbol of Catalan culture and Catalanism, hence the motto "Més que un club" (
1
3,243
not entailment
What year was the Southampton Docks company created?
The Southampton Docks company had been formed in 1835.
0
3,244
entailment
Where has a non-native rodent known as a nutria become very destructive?
Varmint hunting is an American phrase for the selective killing of non-game animals seen as pests.
1
3,245
not entailment
How many orginal founding patrons are there of the Great Amphictyonic League ?
This was an ancient association of Greek tribes with twelve founders which was organized to protect the great temples of Apollo in Delphi (Phocis) and of Demeter near Thermopylae (Locris).
0
3,246
entailment
Who was the only provider of dial up service in Somalias SouthCentral regions in 2009?
It was at the time the only provider of dial up services in Somalia's south-central regions.
1
3,247
not entailment
Who runs Tucson's main power plant?
Tucson's primary electrical power source is a coal and natural gas power-plant managed by Tucson Electric Power that is situated within the city limits on the south-western boundary of Davis-Monthan Air-force base adjacent to Interstate-10.
0
3,248
entailment
What type of dielectric layer is used in electrolytic capacitors?
Electrolytic capacitors use an aluminum or tantalum plate with an oxide dielectric layer.
0
3,249
entailment
Who proposed using a table to store data?
The relational model solved this by splitting the data into a series of normalized tables (or relations), with optional elements being moved out of the main table to where they would take up room only if needed.
1
3,250
not entailment
What kind of device can access the Twilight Princess manga?
The series is available solely via publisher Shogakukan's MangaOne mobile application.
0
3,251
entailment
Galschiøt and two fellow protesters were denied to entry to Hong Kong for what reason?
Legislator Cheung Man Kwong have also said the government's decision allowing Farrow to enter while denying others is a double standard and a violation to Hong Kong's one country, two systems policy.
1
3,252
not entailment
In what year did Bell open his own school?
While he was working as a private tutor, one of his most famous pupils was Helen Keller, who came to him as a young child unable to see, hear, or speak.
1
3,253
not entailment
What is the name of the first tropical aquarium in Germany?
Some points of interest are the Tropical House, the Cactus House, the Canary House and the Orchid House, which hosts one of the world's biggest collection of orchids, and free-flying birds and butterflies.
1
3,254
not entailment
Who signed the Union of Utrecht?
This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
1
3,255
not entailment
When did Belon make his shipbuilding observations?
Then, in the 1830s, there was a surge of interest, and asphalt became widely used "for pavements, flat roofs, and the lining of cisterns, and in England, some use of it had been made of it for similar purposes".
1
3,256
not entailment
How long do members of the supreme court serve?
Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate, serving until the age of 70.
0
3,257
entailment
Children inherited polish nobility from whom?
All children of the Polish nobility inherited their noble status from a noble mother and father.
0
3,258
entailment
How were working conditions and employment at the end of Nasser's presidency?
Nasser made Egypt fully independent of British influence, and the country became a major power in the developing world under his leadership.
1
3,259
not entailment
The oldest section of the original wall around the town dates from what year?
The extensive rebuilding—part of the walls dates from 1175—culminated in the completion of the western walls in 1380.
0
3,260
entailment
What has the Real growth in GDP since 2001 in Swaziland in percentage?
Real GDP growth since 2001 has averaged 2.8%, nearly 2 percentage points lower than growth in other Southern African Customs Union (SACU) member countries.
0
3,261
entailment
What institute promotes awareness of native culture?
The Estonian Academy of Arts (Estonian: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia, EKA) is providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation while Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu has an approach to popularise native culture through such curricula as native construction, native blacksmithing, native textile design, traditional handicraft and traditional music, but also jazz and church music.
0
3,262
entailment
Who is trying to attract investments for hydropower in Tajikistan?
Tajikistan's rivers, such as the Vakhsh and the Panj, have great hydropower potential, and the government has focused on attracting investment for projects for internal use and electricity exports.
0
3,263
entailment
What size was the Swiss Federal budget in 2010?
The main sources of income for the federal government are the value-added tax (33%) and the direct federal tax (29%) and the main expenditure is located in the areas of social welfare and finance & tax.
1
3,264
not entailment
On what date did the AFL take control of one of its teams?
The AFL stated this move was made after months of trying work out an arrangement "to provide financial and operational support."
1
3,265
not entailment
How long was symphonic instrumentation faithful to Beethoven's after he died?
For several decades after he died, symphonic instrumentation was faithful to Beethoven's well-established model, with few exceptions.
0
3,266
entailment
Who created Westminster Abbey as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster?
Westminster Abbey is a collegiate church governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, as established by Royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1560, which created it as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster and a Royal Peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the Sovereign.
0
3,267
entailment
What political structure did Vietnam have?
American forces effectively established and maintained control of the "traditional" battlefield, however they struggled to counter the guerrilla hit and run tactics of the communist Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army.
0
3,268
entailment
Rather than being carried by an athlete, how did the torch end its route in Paris?
A scheduled ceremony at the town hall was cancelled at the request of the Chinese authorities, and, also at the request of Chinese authorities, the torch finished the relay by bus instead of being carried by athletes.
0
3,269
entailment
What weather trend ocured in the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic periods?
The Late Cretaceous featured a cooling trend that would continue on in the Cenozoic period.
0
3,270
entailment
Emotion is called what in Hellenistic art?
Hellenistic art saw a turn from the idealistic, perfected, calm and composed figures of classical Greek art to a style dominated by realism and the depiction of emotion (pathos) and character (ethos).
0
3,271
entailment
When did Travel + Leisure list Yale as one of the most beautiful campuses?
In 2011, Travel+Leisure listed the Yale campus as one of the most beautiful in the United States.
0
3,272
entailment
What happened to the Fatburger chains that Kanye established?
His company, KW Foods LLC, bought the rights to the chain in Chicago.
1
3,273
not entailment
What Tory did Victoria commision after Melbourne resigned his postion?
In 1839, Melbourne resigned after Radicals and Tories (both of whom Victoria detested) voted against a bill to suspend the constitution of Jamaica.
1
3,274
not entailment
What was Berkeley's ethnicity?
Subjective Idealism (immaterialism or phenomenalism) describes a relationship between experience and the world in which objects are no more than collections or "bundles" of sense data in the perceiver.
1
3,275
not entailment
What is one property of copper that makes it so useful in electrical wiring?
Many electrical devices rely on copper wiring because of its multitude of inherent beneficial properties, such as its high electrical conductivity, tensile strength, ductility, creep (deformation) resistance, corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion, high thermal conductivity, solderability, and ease of installation.
0
3,276
entailment
When was the Grand Service made?
On these occasions, for up to 170 guests in formal "white tie and decorations", including tiaras, the dining table is laid with the Grand Service, a collection of silver-gilt plate made in 1811 for the Prince of Wales, later George IV.
0
3,277
entailment
What kind of aircraft are capable of taking off vertically?
Although STOVL aircraft are capable of taking off vertically from a spot on the deck, using the ramp and a running start is far more fuel efficient and permits a heavier launch weight.
0
3,278
entailment
What designation was added to British dates to differentiate them from countries not using the new calendar?
"Old Style" (OS) and "New Style" (NS) are sometimes added to dates to identify which system is used in the British Empire and other countries that did not immediately change.
0
3,279
entailment
African dictators often have what kind of bank accounts?
In Nigeria, for example, more than $400 billion was stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 1999.
1
3,280
not entailment
In what year did Thomas Edison invent the phonograph?
Despite the similarity of name, there is no documentary evidence that Edison's phonograph was based on Scott's phonautograph.
1
3,281
not entailment
Biological and botanical derivatives have what positive effects?
New pesticides are being developed, including biological and botanical derivatives and alternatives that are thought to reduce health and environmental risks.
0
3,282
entailment
What is Miami's street plan called?
The Miami grid is primarily numerical so that, for example, all street addresses north of Flagler Street and west of Miami Avenue have "NW" in their address.
1
3,283
not entailment
The city has couple of sport stadium which one of them was torn down in 20th century?
Throughout the second half of the 20th century, New Haven consistently had minor league hockey and baseball teams, which played at the New Haven Arena (built in 1926, demolished in 1972), New Haven Coliseum (1972–2002), and Yale Field (1928–present).
0
3,284
entailment
The floor mosaic in Butrint is how much older than that of the Baptistry?
The mosaic pavement of the Vrina Plain basilica of Butrint, Albania appear to pre-date that of the Baptistery by almost a generation, dating to the last quarter of the 5th or the first years of the 6th century.
0
3,285
entailment
What is it called to check data passed between units?
The practice of component interface testing can be used to check the handling of data passed between various units, or subsystem components, beyond full integration testing between those units.
0
3,286
entailment
What did the study reveal after 5 years?
In April 1994, the results of a Merck-sponsored study, the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study, were announced.
1
3,287
not entailment
When did the emperor Constantine lose rule over in 1453 ?
Following the Fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453, many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West, particularly Italy, Central Europe, Germany and Russia.
0
3,288
entailment
Who still practices persistence hunting?
According to the endurance running hypothesis, long-distance running as in persistence hunting, a method still practiced by some hunter-gatherer groups in modern times, was likely the driving evolutionary force leading to the evolution of certain human characteristics.
0
3,289
entailment
What year were the earliest plants that grew wood discovered?
A 2011 discovery in the Canadian province of New Brunswick uncovered the earliest known plants to have grown wood, approximately 395 to 400 million years ago.
0
3,290
entailment
What percentage of Ecuador's indigenous population are Highland Quichuas?
Linguistic evidence suggests that the Salascan and the Saraguro may have been the descendants of Bolivian ethnic groups transplanted to Ecuador as mitimaes.
1
3,291
not entailment
During what century did the Russian government claim that Ukrainian was a Russian dialect?
In the 19th century, the Tsarist Government of the Russian Empire claimed that Ukrainian was merely a dialect of Russian and not a language on its own.
0
3,292
entailment
How many campus buildings are candidates for LEED design and certification?
As part of this commitment, the university allocates renewable energy credits to offset some of the energy used by residential colleges.
1
3,293
not entailment
What ruler recognized the Ottomans in 1547?
After further advances by the Turks, the Habsburg ruler Ferdinand officially recognized Ottoman ascendancy in Hungary in 1547.
0
3,294
entailment
Who did Stalin have murdered in 1937?
In 1937, Stalin had the Secretary-General of the CPY, Milan Gorkić, murdered in Moscow.
0
3,295
entailment
Who made Kurt Warner's Arena Football Unleashed?
EA Sports released another AFL video game, titled Arena Football: Road to Glory, on February 21, 2007, for the PlayStation 2.
1
3,296
not entailment
What device uses infrared LEDs to measure oxygen saturation?
Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation.
0
3,297
entailment
How did the Bovington signal course director view Gaddafi?
Noting that Gaddafi's favourite hobbies were reading and playing football, he thought him an "amusing officer, always cheerful, hard-working, and conscientious."
0
3,298
entailment
How many years was Hoover the FBI director?
After Hoover's death, Congress passed legislation that limited the tenure of future FBI Directors to ten years.
1
3,299
not entailment