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S1385894720309219 | Alignment of anisotropic thermo conductive filler involving in plane or out of plane orientation is a significant strategy to extend thermal management applications of polymer materials while the impact of the anisotropic thermal conductivity on thermal management performance is still lack of thoroughgoing study . Herein a gradually thinning and re assembling method is reported to fabricate in plane and out of plane orientated polypropylene graphite and PP graphene composites whose anisotropy could reach 8.37 and directional thermal conductivity achieves more than 4W m K. Based on this a visualized study supported by infrared imaging and finite simulation analysis was carried out to investigate their thermal management performance for different applications . Results demonstrate that merely pursuing high directional thermal conductivity does not necessarily achieve optimal thermal management effect it is equally important to customize oriented structure according to application scenarios . Our out of plane orientated polymer composites are proved beneficial to quick heat dispassion along vertical direction making it perfect candidates as parallel thermal interface materials . However when applied to scenarios where heat is generated from localized regions this structure inevitably causes overheat due to the restricted heat flux while the in plane orientated composites show much better performance . | A thinning then reassemble strategy was reported to make anisotropic composites. Their thermal management performance was evaluated through a visualized study. High anisotropic thermal conductivity doesnt equal to good thermal management effect. |
S1385894720309220 | The currently mass produced graphene materials are typically graphene nanoplatelets with multiple layer structures the properties of which are not comparable to those of mono layer or few layer graphene . In this work high concentrations of commercial GnPs were effectively exfoliated in polypropylene GnP nanocomposites using supercritical CO | High concentrations of GnPs were highly exfoliated in PP GnP composites by sc CO. The pressure threshold to delaminate graphene was significantly reduced in PP GnP. The electrical conductivity increased by 5 orders of magnitude after sc CO. treatment. |
S1385894720309232 | Nanosheets and nanosheet based sorbents display great potential for adsorption and separation but low recognition selectivity the site loss caused by agglomeration and stacking and difficulty in collection are the main bottlenecks for their practical application . In this work the mosaic inspired magnetic Alginate composite sorbents are prepared by combining Alg Ca | Janus MIPs Nanosheets act as Pickering emulsion stabilizer and recognition sites. Mosaic type Alg Ca. microparticles overcome site loss caused by agglomeration and stacking. J SNs MMIPs Pickering shows excellent uptake kinetics high adsorption capacity and affinity. J SNs MMIPs Pickering could be easily separated by an external magnetic field. This work is useful for selective enrichment and analysis of dA in complex biological samples. |
S1385894720309244 | Self healing is an indispensable property of the next generation wearable electronic devices . However it is a hugely difficult problem to achieve good self healing abilities and good elastic properties at different conditions . Herein we report a self healing substrate from commercially available methyl vinyl silicone rubber that has been cross linked through metal ligand coordinate bonds . The strain sensor was then assembled by coating nanostructured conductive layer film and silver film onto the self healing elastomeric substrate . The resulting flexible sensors show a desirable healing efficiency under both high temperatures and underwater conditions . Notably the healed strain sensors can still precisely capture diverse human activities such as large limb movements and minute physiological activities . The self healing strain sensors demonstrated in this study will push forward the design and application of stretchable and flexible electronic devices . | Self healing elastomers based on commercially available rubber were fabricated. The metal ligand coordinate bonds endows the elastomers with self healing property. The strain sensors show a desirable self healing ability under both high temperature and underwater conditions. |
S1385894720309256 | Few layer of phosphorene is considered to be a promising sensing material due to its unique structure and extraordinary physiochemical properties . However further applications are extremely restricted due to chemical degradation of phosphorene nanosheets in ambient oxygen and moisture . Here we prepared anthraquinone nanowire decorated phosphorene through anti solvent crystallization of AQ during liquid exfoliation of black phosphorus and demonstrated that the sensing stability of AQNW P significantly improved compared with bare phosphorene . Interestingly a remarkable sensitivity increase was observed for AQNW P during aging . An enhancement mechanism for the sensitivity increase based on oxygen defects was proposed and further validated by the experimental characterization of the surface chemical state . The sensing performance of AQNW P was experimentally investigated and compared with that of bare P and other widely investigated two dimensional materials including graphene and MXene and the results demonstrated that AQNW P is superior in all aspects including sensitivity selectivity and sensing speed . These findings could guide future exploration in extending the stability of phosphorene based sensing platform and provide a comprehensive understanding of the sensing behavior of phosphorene or its derivative onto aging . | AQNW P was prepared through anti solvent crystallization during the liquid exfoliation of BP. Extended sensing stability and enhanced sensitivity were simultaneously acquired. The sensitivity of AQNW P and bare phosphorene remarkably increased during initial aging. An enhancement mechanism for the sensitivity increase based on oxygen defects was proposed. |
S138589472030927X | To guide the practical application of ozonation coupled with tubular ceramic membranes the performance and the mechanism of mitigated membrane fouling by pre ozonation filtration and | EfOM decay in effluent by pre ozonation was the key to decreased membrane fouling. Pre ozonation did not improve backwashing efficiency but. O F was favored. ozonation destroyed the adhesion between fouling and membranes. |
S1385894720309281 | Meeting with severe environmental problems highly efficient environmental friendly and multiple reusable catalysts are demanding to develop . In this work carbon based bimetallic oxides with oxygen vacancies were prepared toward peroxymonosulfate activation for 4 aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester degradation . Among different molar ratios of ferrous ions and manganese ion Fe | Pyrolysis treatment of Prussian blue analogues to prepare defect rich carbon based Fe Mn bimetallic oxides. Lattice oxygen was the main reactive site for ABEE degradation. Transition of pyridinic N and sacrifice of lattice oxygen were responsible for enhanced catalytic performance. Degradation pathway included electrophilic and radical addition hydrogen abstraction reaction and diazotization. |
S1385894720309293 | This study elucidates the different mechanisms contributing to heel formation during cyclic adsorptiondesorption of volatile organic compounds from a painting process in a full scale adsorber desorber . Two batches of beaded activated carbon one subjected to normal operation and the other inadvertently exposed to oxygen during desorption were investigated . Both batches displayed sharp increases in apparent density during early cycles which indicate high heel formation due to occupation blockage of high energy adsorption sites . Thermogravimetric analysis and gas chromatography mass spectrometry results identified non desorbed adsorbates adsorbate reaction by products and char from adsorbate decomposition . The main heel formation mechanisms include physisorption and chemisorption followed by thermal oxidation pyrolysis and eventually char formation . We hypothesize that non ideal heat and purge gas distribution across the desorber is the reason for the accumulation of non desorbed species and heel formation shortening the lifetime of the adsorbent . In addition to pyrolysis reactions that partially contributed to heel formation in the absence of oxygen accumulation of thermal oxidation products also contributed to the deterioration of adsorbent performance in the presence of oxygen during desorption . Moreover extended exposure of the non desorbed physisorbed and chemisorbed heel species to repetitive desorption cycles ultimately transformed them to permanent heel via polymerization and char formation . Therefore to reduce heel buildup and maximize long term adsorber performance it is recommended to ensure effective desorption conditions to prevent or minimize the accumulation of non desorbed physisorbed species and maintain sufficiently low oxygen levels in the desorption purge gas to minimize the detrimental effects of any species that do accumulate . | Beaded activated carbon samples from a full scale adsorber desorber were analyzed. Heel was due to Physisorption chemisorption polymerization and pyrolysis. In O. is present during desorption thermal oxidation also contribute to heel buildup. If it was not mitigated desorbable heel transforms into permanent heel with time. Ultimately permanent heel can accumulate as char and or polymeric species. |
S1385894720309311 | While diesel engines are extensively employed soot from diesel engines lead to serious air pollution which should be eliminated through catalytic soot oxidation processes . As Co | Hierarchical Co. Microspheres HCOMs with Various Nanostructures are fabricated. Catalytic properties of four HCOMs are greatly influenced by their morphologies. Co. with pyramid structures COP is the most advantageous HCOM for soot oxidation. These HCOMs could be also recyclable for soot oxidation over multiple cycles. The relationship between morphologies properties and catalytic activities can be correlated. |
S1385894720309323 | Biomass gasification has attracted significant interest as it generates less toxic emissions and the combustion of syngas is more efficient and easier to control than solid fuel combustions . An accurate mathematic model could be used as a cost effective tool to understand various physical and chemical effects in the gasification process which is essential for the optimization of thermal efficiency economic viability and particulate matter emission reduction . In this work we have developed a hybrid peripheral fragmentation and shrinking core model which considers the intra particle heat and mass transfer peripheral fragmentation porosity evolution and chemical reaction kinetics . The model development involves two steps the first step is developing a data driven model to correlate PM emissions with operating conditions based on experimental data the second step is coupling the PM model in the mass balance of the shrinking core model to simulate the transient of solid phase mass loss due to peripheral fragmentation . The numerical predictions have been validated with experimental data and the maximum deviations are 10.24 12.95 and 1.47 for syngas biochar and PM emission respectively . To the best of the authors knowledge this is the first attempt to quantify syngas generation biochar production and PM emission in a single model . | Novel shrinking core particle model addressing peripheral fragmentation phenomenon. Quantify syngas generation biochar production and PM emission in a single model. Numerical PM emission model developed to modify the gasification solid conversion. PM emission biochar and syngas outputs validated in different operating conditions. |
S1385894720309335 | Disulfide bonds are commonly exploited as dynamic crosslinks to fabricate degradable self healing hydrogels . However the low energy dissipation capability and low density of disulfide crosslinks in the hydrogel networks give these hydrogels poor mechanical properties slow and non autonomous self healing and incomplete polymer degradation . This paper reports a strategy for synthesizing multifunctional hydrogels by copolymerizing 2 3 dimercapto 1 propanol and | Novel poly disulfide based hydrogels with multifunctional properties are designed. They show very fast self healing in air and underwater without external stimuli. They show extraordinary stretchability and fast complete degradability. They have good electrical conductivity and non cytotoxicity. These hydrogels can be used for 3D printing both in air and underwater. |
S1385894720309347 | Traditional solid state fermentation processes can give fluctuating product quality and quantity due to difficulties in control and scale up . This paper describes an engineering study of an industrial scale anaerobic solid state fermentation process for Chinese liquor | Mathematical models can describe the industrial anaerobic solid state fermentation. The models describe product concentrations and predict temperature. The models predict overheating in large fermenters and at higher soil temperatures. Our findings can be useful to improve traditional anaerobic solid state fermentations. |
S1385894720309359 | Carbonization is a low temperature thermochemical process that converts organic matter in the absence of oxygen mainly into char gas and liquids . Bio coke is a char prepared from a mixture of biomass charcoal and a coal blend . It can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing coke and reducing coal consumption in the ironmaking process . In this study the carbonization characteristics such as char conversion gas and tar composition of bio coke were determined using a batch type carbonization reactor . Yellow poplar wood used as a biomass was added to a coking coal in different ratios and the resulting raw bio coke was carbonized at different final temperatures . The calorific value of bio coke was higher than 7000kcal kg exceeding the standard value . Moreover the initiation combustion temperature of the resultant bio coke determined using TGA was in the range of 400600C . It is concluded that bio coke is a suitable substitute for conventional fossil fuels reducing CO | Carbonization characteristics of biomass and coking coal blends were examined. CH. and H. were the main gases of coal and biomass coal blends during carbonization. Calorific value of the bio coke was higher than 7000kcal kg. Ignition temperature of the bio cokes was 400600C meeting coke standards. Resultant bio coke is a good substitute for coal reducing CO. emissions. |
S1385894720309360 | Elevated chromium concentrations in drinking water or ground water can pose a public health concern . In this study layered double hydroxides isethionate assisted covalent and electrostatic co crosslinked cationic hydrogel was prepared as a potential adsorbent for Cr removal from aqueous solution . The scanning electron microscopy and X ray diffraction results indicated that the LDH ise sheets were exfoliated and crosslinked with the 3 propyltrimethylaminium chloride polymer chains . The adsorption of Cr onto the CH LDH ise was highly pH dependent and the removal efficiency by CH LDH ise composites was much higher than the CH . The adsorption kinetic followed a pseudo second order and reached equilibrium within 2h . The corresponding maximum Cr adsorption capacity of CH LDH ise was 408.4mg g at the equilibrium concentration of 364.4mg L. The enhanced adsorption of Cr was also achieved in the presence of competing anions including Cl | CH LDH ise exhibits high Cr VI adsorption capacity of 408.4mgCr g. CH LDH ise shows wide pH applicability 311 with enhanced Cr VI selectivity. The co cross linked CH LDH ise improved the surface area and hydrophobicity. The column adsorption capacity of CH LDH ise was 2250 BV. Cr VI adsorbed mechanisms were electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond effect. |
S1385894720309372 | In this work we report the pioneering gas phase conversion of glycerol into glycidol in one step over CsZSM 5 zeolite catalyst with SiO | Glycidol was first time synthesized by green one step way from glycerol in the gas phase. 20wt Cs HZSM 5 1500 catalyst showed promising results in the glycidol production. The highest glycidol yield achieved was 40.4mol at 86.3mol glycerol conversion. A correlation between the catalytic activity and the total basicity was found. A reaction scheme was proposed for the glycidol production. |
S1385894720309384 | Dehydrofluorination is the major process for the production of fluorinated monomers and treatment of synthetic greenhouse gases . It is usually catalyzed by the Lewis acids such as AlF | AlF. particles are confined in quasi MOF structures MIL 101 with NH. AlF. as the precursor. AlF. is stabilized by the confinement and interaction with CUS of Cr in quasi MOF. Large amounts of 4 fold coordinated Al in AlF. are achieved due to the interaction. Reaction rate of confined AlF. is about 9 times higher than that of supported AlF. It provides a potential strategy for preparation of metal fluoride Lewis acid catalysts. |
S1385894720309487 | Graphene is considered as one of the most promising anode materials for alkali ion batteries in term of large specific surface area and high conductivity whereas low initial Coulombic efficiency poor capacity and fast capacity decay severely block the commercialization process . Here we designed reduced graphene oxide with three dimensional interconnected hollow channel architecture via electrospinning electrospray and carbonization techniques . Benefiting from the unique 3D interconnected hollow channel architecture 3D IH rGO anode exhibits extraordinary lithium storage ability with high initial Coulombic efficiency outstanding reversible capability 1216.0mAhg | 3D IH rGO is firstly synthesized by using PA66 as the removal template. The hollow structure can efficiently prevent pulverization and aggregation of rGO. The interlaced channels provide more transmission pathways and absorption sites. 3D IH rGO exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance in LIBs NIBs and KIBs. |
S1385894720309499 | The use of biogas as feedstock for hydrogen production was widely proposed in the literature in the last years as a strategy to reduce anthropogenic carbon emissions . However its lower heating value compared to natural gas hampers the revamping of existing reforming plants . The use of composite carbon molecular sieve membranes for biogas upgrading CO | Carbon membranes have been investigated experimentally for biogas upgrading. The performance of carbon membranes exceeds the Robeson limit of polymeric membranes. The economics of biogas upgrading with carbon membranes have been evaluated. Carbon membranes can be installed in existing reforming plants for H. production. 95 of carbon emissions can be avoided by using biogas for H. production. |
S1385894720309505 | The pH switchable UiO 66 were engineered via in situ amino acids doping for the highly selective adsorption of anionic dyes . Three AA doped samples i.e . UiO 66 V UiO 66 T and UiO 66 Y have fabricated hierarchical structure and endowed NH | pH switchable UiO 66s were fabricated via three amino acids. Asymmetric carboxylic coordination expanded pore size with NH. surface in UiO 66. UiO 66 Y realized 1.9 times higher adsorption uptake for SY than pristine sample. UiO 66 Y exhibited 10 times higher selectivity 390 for SY MB than pristine one. UiO 66 Y realizes self ad desorption for 6 consecutive recycling via pH switch. |
S1385894720309517 | Two dimensional Ruddlesden Popper perovskite films have attracted considerable attention for the environmentally stable perovskite solar cells . However there is a big space for improving the film crystallinity and its crystallographic orientation to enhance the efficiency of solar cells . In addition the assistance of anti solvent is commonly used to obtain a better crystallinity and orientation of 2D RP perovskite films . Nevertheless the anti solvent method produces a lot of volatile organic compounds toxic to human health and is challenging to control . Here we prepared 2D RP perovskite | High crystallinity and vertically oriented 2D perovskite films were achieved. The anti solvent treatment was avoided by MACl additive. An intermediate phase composed of perovskite phase was induced by MACl. MACl additive effectively improves the power conversion efficiency. |
S1385894720309542 | The aluminum fluorine reaction hold great potential in crippling Al pre combustion sintering and agglomeration during combustion . Herein the laser sensitive Al PVDF fuel rich films were prepared by employing a sponge like microvoids structure through a phase inversion method coupled with micro segmented flow displaying the laser power threshold and ignition delay time by less than 4.8Jcm | Sponge like microvoids structure Al PVDF fuel rich films were prepared. These films exhibit excellent combustion performance and laser sensitivity. The reactions ratios of Al O. and Al PVDF when burning were determined. The released H. H. O and AlF. gases from Al droplet reduce Al NPs sintering. |
S1385894720309554 | The adsorption of 1 2 4 trimethylbenzene on beaded activated carbon in a six stage countercurrent fluidized bed adsorber was simulated employing a two phase model assuming the gas in particulate phase to be either in plug flow or in perfectly mixed flow . A rather simple model considering equilibrium state on each stage was also used for comparison . Simulation results were compared with experimental data obtained at different values of adsorbent feed rate superficial gas velocity TMB initial concentration and weir height . The results demonstrate that the Equilibrium model overpredicts the overall removal efficiencies when the adsorbate adsorbent system is far from equilibrium condition . On the other hand both EGPF and EGPM show good agreement with the experimental results over industrially relevant operating conditions . Stage wise removal efficiencies show that the EGPF model tends to predict removal efficiency better than EGPM when the weir height is high . The sensitivity analysis of the EGPM model indicates that internal diffusion within the BAC is rate limiting for adsorption while BAC diameter strongly influences the overall removal efficiency and can be optimized for different conditions . The effect of changes in BAC adsorption capacity on overall removal efficiency depends on the number of available adsorption sites as well as proximity to equilibrium condition . The model developed in this study is also able to predict the effect of the number of stages on overall removal efficiency of the adsorber . The results of this study could pave the way for optimizing the design and operation of fluidized bed adsorbers leading to cost savings and performance improvements . | Models were developed to simulate adsorption in a multistage fluidized bed. The two phase model predicted the effect of different variables well. Internal diffusion within the BAC was rate limiting for adsorption. Particle size strongly influenced the overall removal efficiency. |
S1385894720309566 | To achieve a highly efficient charge transfer and separation for photocatalysis we propose a bridging effect to construct a direct charge transfer path in g C | Superficial potential trap is formed near Co atom in g C. Co . Co atom act as a bridge to connect g C. and Pt NPs. The bridging effect of Co atom can rapidly transfer the photo induced electrons. The water molecule is more easily dissociated by Co atom bridge. The photocatalytic activity of g C. Co Pt is 145.8 times that of pristine g C |
S1385894720309578 | Heavy metals contamination in the natural waters remains an unresolved environmental challenge pressing for the development of purification technologies . This paper presents the green engineering of a new bio sponge for heavy metals adsorption composed of alginate bio polymeric network encapsulated with reduced graphene oxide modified with iron oxide nanoparticles and covalently attached multithiol molecules using photoinitiated thiol ene click chemistry . The multithiol functionalized graphene bio sponge is designed to enhance adsorption performances of heavy metals including structural approach combined with oxygen functionalities and high density of sulfur containing groups with high binding affinity towards specific heavy metals . It was shown that the level of thiol functionalization on the graphene structure within the bio sponge can be controlled by tuning the Ultraviolet irradiation time without adjusting the concentration of the precursors . SH functionalized graphene bio sponge showed outstanding adsorption capacity for Pb 101.01 mg g and Cd 102.99mg g outperformed commercial and literature reported adsorbents in highly competitive selectivity studies using co existing heavy metal ions spiked sea water . The multithiol modified bio sponge also showcased an excellent stability and reusability feature with only 0.015mg L Pb detected conforming the strict United States Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level for lead after five recurring cycles using mixed heavy metal ions solution and acidic eluent . The outcomes from this work present valuable and promising contribution towards the development of a scalable and sustainable adsorbents for efficient remediation of heavy metals from waters . | Multithiol functionalized graphene bio sponge was prepared by UV thiol ene click method. High density 10 and controllable level of S containing groups were achieved by this process. Outstanding selectivity towards Pb II and Cd II surpassed commercial adsorbents. Remarkable regeneration ability after five cycles meeting US EPA limits for Pb. A promising adsorbent for heavy metals removal from waste waters is demonstrated. |
S138589472030958X | It is of great significance to develop versatile and cost effective point of care testing systems for simultaneous quantitation of multiple analytes on site . This work reports on 1 the customized electrodes which exhibit good analytical performance for simultaneous detection of Cd | A quantitative POCT system is developed for simultaneous detection of multiple metal ions. The system consists of a hand held electrochemical analyzer a smartphone and a customized SPCE. The customized SPCE was prepared by successive modification of SPCE with rGO the SMOF and PEI. Smartphones installed with APP DHMI can realize two way communication with electrochemical analyzer. Quantitation results of this POCT system correlate well with ICP MS measurements. |
S1385894720309591 | Reversible modulated upconversion luminescence exhibits an application potential as the photo switch fingerprint acquisition anti counterfeiting and optical storage devices . It is found that the photochromism and thermochromism could be applied to modify the upconversion luminescence . However the electrochromism induced reversible upconversion luminescence modulation was not reported . Here the WO | Reversible electrochromism of WO. Yb. Er. inverse opal was obtained. Upconversion emission of WO. Yb. Er. was reversibly modified by electrochromism. Upconversion emission modification shows excellent repeatability and stability. Optical date writing and reading out were obtained in WO. Yb. Er. inverse opal. |
S1385894720309633 | The excessive use of coumarins and their derivatives is becoming an ecological concern due to their toxicity towards different organisms . One of the possible ways of their removal is the advanced oxidation processes . The oxidative breakdown of 4 hydroxycoumarin and its two derivatives induced by a very powerful oxidizer hydroxyl radical HO | The hydrogen atom abstraction radical addition mechanism was examined. The radical adduct formation followed by hydrogen atom abstraction was proposed. The decomposition of coumarins induced by HO. was analyzed by EPR and DFT approach. Rate constants of mentioned reactions were obtained by the Transition State Theory. Ecotoxicity study showed that products were less toxic than analyzed coumarins. |
S1385894720309645 | Vanadium and chromium co exist commonly with elevated levels in groundwater at vanadium smelting sites . While bioremediation has been recognized promising for this co contamination treatment in aquifer interactions during vanadium and chromium bio reductions under autotrophic condition remain largely unknown . In this study efficient reductions of V and Cr from synthetic groundwater were realized simultaneously in a continuous flow autotrophic sulfur based biosystem with more than 85 overall removals under hydrochemical and hydrodynamic fluctuations during 276 d operation . Soluble Cr was reduced to insoluble Cr preferentially while reduction of soluble V to insoluble V was easily inhibited . Elemental sulfur was bio oxidized to sulfate . Analyses of carbon isotope microbial community and metabolic pathway revealed the synergetic mechanisms . Autotrophs e.g . | V V and Cr VI are simultaneously reduced in a autotrophic S 0 based biosystem. Cr VI is reduced preferentially while reduction of V V is easily inhabited. Reactive products of V V Cr VI and S 0 are V IV Cr III and sulfate in turn. Carbon isotope and microbial analyses reveal the synergetic mechanisms. |
S1385894720309669 | An innovative photocatalytic reactor was employed to assess the performance of a low band gap synthesized composite of graphene nano platelets and zirconium vanadate ZrV | An innovative photocatalytic reactor was designed. GNPs ZrV. nanoparticles were coated on glass plates. Successful degradation of chlorpyrifos was attained by the designed set up. Detailed oxidation mechanism and pathway were investigated. |
S1385894720309670 | It is the hot issue for Li organic battery that whether the higher specific surface area of the porous organic polymers as the electrode materials can benefit to the better battery performance . In this article the conjugated polymer based on star shaped benzene thiophene structure and benzene ethynyl thiophene structure were designed and successfully prepared . The pBHT polymer exhibits the unique stacked hollow tube morphology and possesses the high surface area 1139m | Thiophene based polymers with different morphology and surface area are designed. The pBHT with hollow tube morphology and high surface area shows the low capacity. The morphology may affect the SEI formation and possible Li transporting problem. The pBABT with the macroporous morphology shows the high capacity and stability. The morphology of electrode material influences the stability performance of LIBs. |
S1385894720309682 | The quest for high efficiency and earth abundant electrocatalysts replacing precious metals for water splitting is actively pursued for the future of hydrogen economy to wean us off the dependency on fossil fuel . Herein a moderate catalyst is constructed | Scalable synthesis of phosphide phosphorene heterostructures is demonstrated. Tuneable valence modulation of Co P bonding and Co. Co. couple can be achieved. Water electrolysis at a low operation. at 1.666V with good stability can be realized. Interface boosted water dissociation is studied by first principle calculation. |
S1385894720309694 | Understanding the dynamic transformation process of the oxygen evolution reaction catalysts is of importance for their rational design . Here we first report that Fe leaching could induce the electrochemical activation of strongly coupled Ni Fe alloy on N doped carbon composites to boost the OER performance . It is demonstrated that the leaching of unstable FeOOH mixed layer from the surface of FeNi | Fe leaching induces surface reconstruction of Ni Fe alloy NC during OER. Fe leaching during OER benefits the exposure of more active sites. The high valent Ni pyridinic N and metal N species are the exact active centers. The fully activated catalyst exhibits excellent OER activity. |
S1385894720309700 | Room temperature sodium sulfur batteries have aroused extensive interest from researchers owing to the high theoretical volumetric energy density nontoxicity and low cost . However poor conductivity of sulfur and high solubility of polysulfides in electrolyte are two major challenges for the practical application of the RT Na S batteries . Herein we report a three dimensional self supported structure with Vanadium carbide nanoparticles embedded | The cross linked structure is beneficial for electrons transport. The porous carbon nanofibers can achieve physical confinement of polysulfides. The. None. vanadium. None. carbide. None. nanoparticles. None. can. None. alleviate. None. the. None. shuttle. None. effect. |
S1385894720309712 | Because of the existence of the soluble lithium polysulfides the requirement for an ideal separator for lithium sulfur batteries is higher than that in LIBs . Herein we report a double layered MOF PAN rGO PAN nanofiber membrane as an alternative to commercial polyolefin separators for Li S battery . This PAN based membrane possesses the intrinsic advantages of good mechanical property thermal stability and high electrolyte uptake showing a high lithium ion transference number of 0.81 . The | The PAN membrane was. modified with MOF by LPCVD as the separator. This separator can effectively trap polysulfides and protect the lithium anode. The Li S battery delivered a long lifespan of 600 cycles at 5C. A high capacity of 7.8mAhcm. was obtained with sulfur loading of 7.7mgcm |
S1385894720309724 | Pyrolysis process of metal organic frameworks was analyzed by thermal analysis kinetics for the study of the synthesis of MOFs based carbon materials with high adsorption performance . The process was studied based on the thermogravimetric mass spectrometry through which the gas products of the pyrolysis process were detected . The HKUST 1 and MIL 101 were prepared by solvothermal method and characterized by XRD BET SEM and TEM . The characterization results showed that HKUST 1 and MIL 101 have been successfully prepared with cubic octahedral morphology and specific surface areas up to 1477.50m | Pyrolysis processes of typical MOFs were studied including HKUST 1 and MIL 101. HKUST 1 and MIL 101 could be divided into three stages and seven stages. The values of. in the dehydration stage of both two MOFs were less than 100kJ mol. Mechanisms of main weight loss step were all random nucleation and subsequent growth. Nature differences of MOFs might cause significant differences in deepening stage. |
S1385894720309748 | Direct interspecies electron transfer between exoelectrogenic fatty acid oxidizing bacteria and electrotrophic methanogens has recently been discovered and studies have suggested that promoting DIET by adding electrically conductive material can effectively enhance the methanogenic performance and stability of anaerobic digestion . This study investigated the effect of conductive magnetite Fe | The effect of magnetite on anaerobic digestion of sulfur rich biomass was studied. Magnetite addition did not induce an apparent enhancement of CH. production. The production of H. S in biogas was significantly reduced by magnetite addition. Magnetite promoted the anaerobic microbial oxidation of sulfide to S. through DIET. A novel electric syntrophy between unknown ASOBs and methanogens is proposed. |
S138589472030975X | Although lithium sulfur batteries have high theoretical capacity and energy density their practical applications have been hampered by the rapid decay of capacity caused by the shuttle effect of polysulfides . In this paper we synthesize the MoS | MoS. Ni. yolk shell heterostructure material was prepared by hydrothermal method. The heterostructure material itself was used for sulfur loading for the first time. The heterojunction between MoS. and Ni. accelerates reaction dynamics. Yolk shell structure enables fast electron ion transport and high sulfur loading. The MoS. Ni. composites exhibit superior electrochemical performance. |
S1385894720309761 | As two typical silicon source carrier the features of diatomite and Santa Barbara Amorphous 15 supported Mn based sorbents for moderate temperature flue gas desulfurization are investigated in this paper . The framework structure high mechanical strength and large density of diatomite make great contributions to the high desulfurization efficiency of diatomite supported Mn based sorbents M | The features of diatomite and SBA 15 supported Mn based desulfurizers are compared. The unique structure of diatomite promotes the external mass transfer process. Excessive Mn doping results in the serious self seeding nucleation of Mn. Mn. evenly spreads on the surface of SBA 15. The modular Mn diatomite SBA sorbent is developed as well as its working mechanism. |
S1385894720309773 | Contamination of aqueous environment caused by various antibiotics has attracted wide attention . It is important to find effective adsorbents for the removal of toxic compounds . Herein Ni was anchored at the surface of porous boron nitride by a facile way to enhance the adsorption performance for tetracycline . The interaction between porous BN and Ni was proved to be B O Ni bond . It is noteworthy that Ni modified porous BN shows excellent removal percentage up to 99.769 for TC which far exceeds the pristine porous BN and most other reported adsorption materials . The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model is 429.582mgg | Ni II modified porous boron nitride BN was prepared and characterized. The interaction between porous BN and Ni II was proved to be B O Ni bond. BN Ni 3 shows dramatic removal percentage up to 99.769 for 20mg L. TC. The adsorption followed pseudo second order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm. DFT calculations reveal the changed electron transfer with the existence of Ni II . |
S1385894720309785 | Toluene and dichloromethane are two kinds of frequently encountered VOC species derived from solvent usage which severely threaten human health and the ecological environment . At the same time they are valuable industrial resources that can be recovered . In this study different types of zeolites with various topological structures including FAU MFI and BEA were employed for adsorptive recovery of both VOCs . All adsorbents were characterized by means of X ray diffraction scanning electron microscopy N | Adsorption of VOCs and water vapor was studied by static equilibrium and dynamic measurements. High silica zeolites with various structures were compared for separate VOCs from exhaust. Multi component breakthrough combined with DFT calculation was conducted to reveal the mechanism. Silicalite 1 is the best adsorbent to remove toluene and dichloromethane under humid conditions. |
S1385894720309797 | Bioinspired nanozymes are promising in mimicking natural processes and developing function enhanced architectures . However constructing artificial enzyme systems with catalytic efficiencies rivaling that of natural enzymes in a minimal principle is challenging . Herein we report the construction of minimal metallo nanozymes through amino acid coordinated self assembly by using amino acid derivatives and zinc ions as the building blocks reminiscent of the components of the catalytic architectures in natural hydrolases . The obtained metallo nanozymes possess high and robust activity comparable to that of natural lipase in catalytically hydrolyzing phenyl acetate . In addition catalytic performance of the metallo nanozymes can be facilely optimized by changing the ratio between the building blocks and the introduction of additional biomolecules . The metallo nanozymes also show catalytic activity in producing acetylsalicylic acid through the hydrolyzation of a prodrug benorilate . This work highlights the minimal principle and excellent catalytic performance of stable metallo nanozymes opening up immense opportunities in the development of highly efficient nanozymes and catalytic prodrug conversion . | Minimal metallo nanozymes are constructed through an amino acid coordinated self assembly strategy. The biomimetic nanozymes process high and robust activity comparable to that of natural lipase. The nanozymes are demonstrated to be efficient in converting a prodrug through the hydrolyzation. |
S1385894720309803 | Among the novel system configurations that remove organic matter and nitrogen simultaneously the structured bed reactor with recirculation and intermittent aeration can be mentioned . Studies addressing the SBRRIA have shown high efficiency of organic matter and nitrogen removal as well as low sludge production . However operational parameters such as the recirculation rate intermittent aeration time and airflow are not fully established . Therefore this research aimed to evaluate the effect of these three parameters on the mixing characteristics of an SBRRIA adopting established hydrodynamic models also proposing a new flow model for the reactor . Hydrodynamic tests were performed using sodium chloride as a tracer and the variables were the recirculation rate intermittent aeration time and airflow . Results showed that the reactor presented a plug flow behavior when the aeration was turned off and behaved as a completely stirred reactor when the aeration was turned on . Traditional models were not sufficient to explain the flow of the SBRRIA resulting in the development of a simplified programming pseudo code to adequately represent the flow in the reactor . The tested airflow and recirculation rates did not affect the mixing behavior in the SBRRIA . These observations represent a significant advance in SBRRIA studies as they show that energy consumption could be optimized making the system even more advantageous by saving electrical energy up to 75 due to pumping . | The hydrodynamic characteristic of SBRRIA were tested. The SBRRIA can operate without recirculation flow. The intermittent aeration promotes mixture in the reactor. The proposal of the new operational condition can save electrical energy. |
S1385894720309815 | Black shale source rocks have become a key natural gas resource in the US and China . Unlike in conventional hydrocarbon reservoirs a significant fraction of the gas in shales is adsorbed onto the inordinate specific surface areas of micropores inside organic matter with densities exceeding those of bulk gas by an order of magnitude . Yet the distribution of adsorbed versus bulk gas remains poorly understood . Experiments measure | Methane adsorption is analyzed for 12 shale samples up to 15MPa and from 35 to 120. Temperature and pressure dependent adsorption layer densities are modeled. Variable rather than constant densities improve predictions of absolute adsorption. |
S1385894720309827 | A strategy for embedding ultrasmall Pt nanoparticles in silicalite 1 was proposed . It consists of treating the zeolite with tetrapropylammonium hydroxide solution loading Pt and recrystallizing the resultant composite in a silicon containing Na | A special strategy of encapsulating in zeolite was proposed. It leads to the. with Pt nanoparticles embedded in single silicalite 1 zeolite. The. catalyst exhibited strong resistance to sintering. The catalyst is much active to CO oxidation as well as to ethylene hydrogenation. |
S1385894720309839 | Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances such as perfluorooctanoic acid are recalcitrant to conventional wastewater treatment processes . In search for a more effective technology we prepared a carbon sphere modified bismuth phosphate composite photocatalyst through a hydrothermal process . BiOHP CS was able to adsorb 99 of PFOA in 2h and subsequently | A novel bismuth phosphate and carbon sphere composite BiOHP CS was prepared. BiOHP CS showed much enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of PFOA. ATR FTIR analysis proved side on corporative adsorption of PFOA on BiOHP CS. BiOHP CS degrades PFOA via a cyclic photocatalytic chain shortening mechanism. Carbon alters electron distribution of C. F bonds and promotes hole oxidation of PFOA. |
S1385894720309852 | Composite solid electrolytes have recently attracted widespread attention due to their acceptable lithium ion conductivity and suitable flexibility . However isolated ceramic particles in composite electrolyte can not provide continuous fast Li ion transport channels . And the non uniformity caused by particle agglomeration usually leads to a decrease in the performance of the composite electrolyte . Here we design a polymer in ceramic composite electrolyte that combines three dimensional Li | Three dimensional Li. La. Zr. Al. LLZAO framework is successfully prepared via a template method. A polymer in ceramic composite electrolyte that combines 3D LLZAO with PEO LiTFSI is fabricated. The application of 3D LLZAO in the composite electrolyte effectively improves its performance. The LFP electrolyte Li cell exhibits a high discharge capacity. |
S1385894720309864 | The analysis of the effectiveness factor in catalytic particles with non uniform size was performed . The procedure proposed by Weisz and Prater to determine the intrinsic kinetic constants from experimental results was extended to cases where the catalyst particle size distribution is considered . The approach was applied to the study of reactions with power law and Langmuir Hinshelwood Hougen Watson type kinetics the catalyst particles being spheres with volume log normal size distribution . If the catalytic effectiveness factor is calculated assuming uniform particle size | Catalytic beds with non uniform particle size are common in many processes. The size distribution of catalyst particles affects the effectiveness factor. Assessing the intrinsic kinetic constants must consider particle size distributions. The wider the dispersion in sizes the higher the error in assuming uniformity. |
S1385894720309876 | Molecularly imprinted stir bar sorptive extraction is a powerful method for synchronously achieving rapid mixing and selective enrichment . Herein boronate affinity imprinted Janus nanosheets for stir bar sorptive extraction of | Janus nanosheets with different groups on each side were prepared. MI SB was obtained by assemblage of NS 2 MIP with magnetic stir bar. MI SB simplified the repair for damaged part of conventional stir bar. This work is valuable for rapidly selective enrichment and separation catecol. It achieves rapid mixing and selective enrichment of. diol containing pollutants. |
S1385894720309888 | Recently the switchable wetting surfaces between superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity have been widely studied . However for almost all existing surfaces especially inorganic responsive smart surfaces TiO | A new surface is prepared by coating the TiO. nanoparticles on the SMP pillar arrays. The surface realize the restoration of superhydrophobic superhydrophilic switching. The restorable functional application in droplet storage is demonstrated. The strategy can easily be extended to other inorganic oxides such as ZnO and V |
S1385894720309918 | With the growth of anaerobic digestion for biogas production associated increasing digestate production may cause environmental problems if the increasing agricultural land required for digestate application is limited . An alternative is to valorise the digestate . Microwave assisted low temperature hydrothermal treatment was investigated as a post treatment for AD of grass silage under two scenarios 1 AD MLHT and 2 Acid pre treatment AD MLHT . Compared to the original grass silage the digestates investigated required lower temperatures for carbonization in MLHT owing to their lower cellulose content . The higher MLHT temperatures led to significant increases in heating value and greater reductions in atomic ratios of O C and H C of hydrochar due to dehydration and decarboxylation reactions . As a result higher temperatures contributed to higher sugar recovery higher solid solubilization and better quality of hydrochar . Under the MLHT at 180C the hydrochar produced from digested grass silage in scenario 1 exhibited a mass yield of 0.79g g total solid a carbon content of 63.6 and an ash free heating value of 27.6kJ g volatile solid the biomethane potential from the process liquor was estimated as 68.7ml CH | Microwave assisted hydrothermal treatment enables bioenergy recovery from digestate. Digestates require lower temperatures for carbonization compared to raw grass silage. Hydrochar properties significantly change as temperature increases beyond 160C. Digestate from untreated grass silage produces hydrochar of high quality. |
S1385894720310007 | Functional materials with specific wettability surfaces are valuable for many areas . Extensive applications for superwettbility have led to demand for integrating devices with flexible and multi functional . Here inspired by the super adhesive of mussels and the hierarchical structures of mosquitos compound eyes we proposed a new method to construct functional hierarchical superhydrophobic surface by self assembly of colloidal nanoparticles . The monolayer micron scaled photonic crystal film is self assembled on the surface of the liquid and deposited on the as prepared dopamine modified substrate . Then a single layer of nanoscale photonic crystal film is self assembled on the surface of the liquid and deposited on the prepared monolayer micron scale film . In addition the assembled structure is highly ordered and presents a certain structural color . When the surface is changed the liquid will be injected into the ordered structure causing the change of structure color . The hierarchical photonic crystal films with structural hydrophobic can be prepared on arbitrary intricate surfaces . Moreover we have also explored the potential use of these hierarchical films as indicators for the surface wettability . These indicate that the hierarchical films are highly versatile for different applications . | Self assembled colloidal nanoparticles films are traditionally lack of robust. A new self assembly method to construct functional hierarchical superhydrophobic surface. This method is more operability and can prepare the desired film with structural color on arbitrary intricate surfaces. The structural color provides a visualized method to monitor the losses. |
S1385894720310020 | Although an efficient charge transport is essential to high performance perovskite solar cells the serious charge trapping in perovskite films is still a barrier to improve the efficiency of PSCs . To overcome this issue we efficiently suppress the charge trapping by using polar compound materials to reduce defects and improve the match of work functions in PSCs . 1 butyl 3 methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate BF | 1 butyl 3 methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate is used to form an interfacial dipole layer. Interfacial dipole layer decreases the surface potential of electron transport layers. Triphenylphosphine oxide passivated the defects of perovskite films. Power conversion efficiency of PSCs is improved from 18.7 to 21.1 |
S1385894720310032 | The adsorption of the methylene blue on the biomass obtained from brazilian berries seeds was studied . Experimental adsorption data and results of the physicochemical characterization of the adsorbent besides theoretical physics based calculations were utilized to understand the dye adsorption mechanism . A monolayer adsorption model was proposed to simulate the dye adsorption assuming an interaction adsorbent adsorbate via two different functional groups on biomass surface . This statistical physics model calculated the number of bonded MB dye molecules and the saturated adsorption capacity for both functional groups at different temperatures . For instance the values of n | Methylene blue adsorption on a biomass was analyzed via theoretical physics based calculations. Role of biomass functionalities for dye adsorption was explained. DFT simulation characterized the interactions between the methylene blue andbiomass surface. Experimental and theoretical findings of dye adsorption on lignocellulosic biomass ere reported. |
S1385894720310044 | Self disinfecting textiles with high efficient antimicrobial function play a vital role in the prevention of pathogen transmissions such as bacteria in hospitals and medical institutions . However low reactive oxygen species generation of current photodynamic materials can not meet the efficiency of microbial inactivation . Herein to increase the singlet oxygen | GQDs and PCN 224 were selected as a donor acceptor FRET pair. GQDs and PCN 224 were introduced into cotton fibers by chemical coupling and. growth method. FRET strategy was employed to increase the singlet oxygen production of cotton self disinfecting textile. The. generation was increased by 1.61 fold via FRET process. PCN 224 KCF GQDs showed enhanced antibacterial activities. |
S1385894720310056 | In this study a systematic comparison in morphology long term degradation regeneration and reuse were conducted between palladized and sulfidized nanoscale zero valent iron . Pd Fe and S Fe were prepared after the synthesis of precursor Fe | Particle properties in nanoscale were characterized using HAADF TEM and EDS. Pd Fe catalyze the CTC degradation greater k. and S Fe shows a better longevity. Pd Fe and S Fe effectively degraded chloroform intermediate of CTC but not for Fe. Aged Fe based particles were converted to FeOOH and Fe. Fe. Aged and regenerated S Fe lost S species and performed like Fe in CTC degradation. |
S1385894720310068 | Thermocatalysis and photocatalysis have been widely investigated to removal of volatile organic compounds . However thermocatalysis needs high temperature to activate oxygen species therefore resulting in additional energy consumption . Meanwhile photocatalysis suffers the rapid charge recombination and the slow surface process . Herein we combined thermocatalysis and photocatalysis into a free standing composite film catalyst that was prepared through a facile filtration method using two dimensional graphene oxide manganese oxide MnO | 2D 2D 2D composite film catalysts of GO MnO. CN were synthesized via filtration method. The GO MnO. CN exhibited enhanced activity for HCHO oxidation under full solar spectrum. The synergetic photothermocatalysis photocatalysis effect was demonstrated. The free standing GO MnO. CN film has superior flexibility and durability. |
S138589472031007X | 2 Methylisoborneol a major cause of taste and odor in drinking water tends to combine with the coexisting dissolved organic matter resulting in the altering of the physico chemical properties of 2 MIB and its corresponding migration and removal behaviors during water treatment . In this study dialysis and ultrafiltration were set up to differentiate bound and free 2 MIB and the binding of different types of DOMs to 2 MIB was investigated . At 298K the Freundlich constants K | Binding of 2 MIB with five types of dissolved organic matter DOM was firstly studied. Dialysis and ultrafiltration were set up and compared to differentiate bound and free 2 MIB. The combination ability followed the order NOM HEL BSA CMC SA. The binding mechanism was proposed based on thermodynamics models. The major interactions of DOM and 2 MIB were mostly van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding. |
S1385894720310093 | Surgical site infection with instrumentation is an undesired and troublesome complication in orthopaedics . Surgical debridement is currently the main treatment option . However the poor prognosis remains the major problem and over 40 of patients needed additional surgery to remove the implant . To eliminate SSI antibacterial and biocompatible implants are urgently needed . Herein a novel biocompatible polydopamine IR820 Daptomycin coating with triple therapy functions was successfully fabricated to enhance the anti infection ability and osteogenic property of titanium implants . In which PDA served as a biocompatible binder to immobilize IR820 and DAP and possessed photothermal and osteogenic properties . The releasing of DAP inhibited the growth of | Easy to perform and cost effective fabrication of PDA IR820 DAP coating. Triple therapy for. biofilm. Outstanding antibacterial and osseointegration promoting performances. |
S1385894720310111 | Transparent flexible supercapacitors are crucial for the progress of high tech modern transparent wearable electronic gadgets . Thus fabricating high opto electrochemical performance electrodes is crucial for the development of high energy density transparent flexible supercapacitors . Herein direct growth of battery type ternary nickel cobalt sulfide nanosheets on | @NiCoS core shell nanofiber network electrode structured was fabricated. NFs network electrode exhibit excellent chemical stability. @NiCoS NFs network electrode shows excellent electro optical performance. The electrode exhibits a high areal capacity of 6.94Ah cm. at 76 transmittance. The device demonstrates a high energy density of 0.48Wh cm. at 11.15W cm. power density. |
S1385894720310123 | As the effective way for utilizing low grade thermal energy chemisorption technologies have been widely researched by establishing various phenomenological models and analogical models . But the existing kinetic models have the disadvantages of complexity or narrow adaptability and they also can not adapt to the serious hysteresis phenomena found in recent years . In order to obtain wide adaptable kinetic models of halide ammonia for material level in this paper the sorption and desorption kinetics which consider hysteresis effects of halide ammonia with MnCl | Three analogical models coupled with hysteresis effect are established and compared. Kinetic parameters for MnCl. NH. and CaCl. NH. are ensured with sensitive analysis. The model prediction and feasibilty of different working paris are validated. The model adaptablity to large scale occasions is proved with 200g sorbent. |
S1385894720310135 | The pollution of tetracyclines in waters has caused public concern and scientific interest . This study investigates the effect of low level hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ion concentrations on the UV treatment of four TCs oxytetracycline tetracycline chlorotetracycline and doxycycline . The optimum addition of Fe and H | The H. and Fe II addition can enhance TCs mineralization under UV. Environmental level water constituents promoted TCs attenuation under UV. UV light. OH DOM H. and Fe II complexation can attenuate TCs. A tentative degradation pathway of TCs under UV based treatment was proposed. The evaluation for toxicity of treated solutions to zebrafish embryos was conducted. |
S1385894720310160 | The development of highly efficient electron transport layer free perovskite solar cells with simplified and economical device configurations can significantly motivate the commercialization of PSCs . However the performance of ETL free PSCs has been hampered by the sluggish charge extraction and severe charge carrier recombination due to the energy level mismatch at the interface of the perovskite and the transparent conductive electrode FTO . In this study this issue is well solved by modifying the FTO surface with a simple low cost and non toxic rubidium fluoride interlayer . An interfacial dipole layer is formed on the FTO surface by inserting a RbF layer which tunes the work function of FTO eliminates the electron transport barrier and optimizes the energy level alignment at the FTO perovskite interface thereby enhancing the charge transfer and suppressing the carrier recombination . Consequently the rigid ETL free PSCs with RbF layer yield high efficiencies of up to 18.79 higher than that of ETL free devices on bare FTO . By virtue of the low temperature processability a superior PCE of 15.7 has been achieved by flexible ETL free PSCs fabricated on RbF modified plastic substrate . This study provides a simple efficient and environmentally friendly approach to modify the FTO electrode for fabricating ETL free PSCs which contribute to promote the design of advanced interface materials for simplified and high performance perovskite photovoltaics . | A simple and low cost non toxic RbF modifier is introduced for the first time in the ETL free PSCs. A superior efficiency of 18.79 along with a reduced J V hysteresis in the ETL free PSCs is achieved. The barrier free FTO perovskite contact favors efficient electron transfer and suppresses the carrier recombination. |
S1385894720310226 | Photocatalysis is a proficient and sustainable technology to relieve or resolve the energy crisis and environmental pollution issues . The emerging 1D 2D heterojunction materials with appropriate band alignment and multidimensional features have been attracting ever growing research attention in photocatalysis field . In this review article we are focusing on the recent progress in studying the general synthetic strategy of 1D 2D heterojunction materials and highlighting their significant applications in advanced photocatalysts including photocatalytic hydrogen production photoelectrochemical water splitting removal of pollutants and CO | The general synthetic strategies of 1D 2D heterojunction materials are discussed. Various photocatalytic applications over 1D 2D heterojunctions have been comprehensively summarized. Key challenges and future prospects are highlighted for future research. |
S1385894720310238 | Zinc air batteries are an important option for energy storage applications because of their high specific capacity . However when ZABs are operated in ambient air the CO | The electrospun fiber membrane has the highest CO. adsorption capacity of 3.42 mmol. g. at 30C. The CO. adsorption membrane effectively filtered carbon dioxide 400ppm in air for up to 16h. Zinc air battery with the CO. adsorption membrane exhibited a higher discharge capacity. |
S138589472031024X | The radioresistance of tumor cells is considered to be a major factor responsible for the clinical failure of radiotherapy . Instead of simply increasing the radiation dose effective elevation the tumor radiosensitivity is an alternative strategy for successful cancer treatment . Here we report a facile solvothermal protocol to synthesize the rod shaped heterogeneous Bi | A facile protocol to synthesize the heterogeneous Bi. MoS. nanoparticles. The cation exchange formation mechanism is proposed for the first time. The dual nano radiosensitizer for triple negative breast cancer theranostics and metastasis inhibiting. The radiosensitization of nanoparticles is largely improved by photothermal effect. |
S1385894720310251 | A graphite felt electrode with electrode aeration was used for the Electro Fenton treatment of dimethyl phthalate wastewater . At pH 3.0 removal efficiencies of 200mg L DMP and solution TOC by EA were 50.0 and 55.4 higher than solution aeration respectively . At pH 4.0 and 5.5 EA showed 36.456.1 and 9.435.7 higher removal for 2050mg L DMP and TOC than SA respectively . High effective degradation performance of EA was attributed to the enhanced mass transfer of O | GF EA showed significantly the enhanced Electro Fenton performance. The in situ collection of iron sludge by EA for reuse avoided its disposal. EA regenerated the poisoning electrode at large air flux. EA significantly enhanced the mass transfer of system. |
S1385894720310275 | We present a self consistent analysis of adsorption of gases on energetically heterogeneous solids and derive expressions for the Henry constant and the isosteric heat at zero loading | Consistency between the Henry constant and the simulated isotherm at zero loading. Differences between the thermodynamic variables for excess and absolute loadings. Adsorption in a complex substrate is a composite of subsets. Derivation of equations for the isotherm and the heat for a complex substrate. |
S1385894720310305 | Compared to the traditional chemical reduction method a green and efficient strategy was successfully applied to regulate the surface heterogeneity of graphene oxide . In this work different kinds of amino acids were used to reduce and modify GO . The reduction and adsorption disparities of amino acids contributed to the difference of structural heterogeneity in terms of density thermal tolerance and disorder of the oxygen containing groups of GO . The modification also resulted in discrepancies in surface properties of the GO samples such as hydrophobicity and surface charge . The functionalized GO was employed as a carrier for the immobilization of lipase from | Graphene oxide was reduced and modified by different kinds of amino acids. The structure heterogeneity of oxygen containing groups on GO was regulated. Relative activity of lipase on functionalized GO had the maximum increase of 47 . The relative activity was 19.21 folds more than that of commercial TLIM. The increase was mainly related to its orientation and slight conformational change. |
S1385894720310317 | The performance of a fluidized bed reactor depends mostly on the fluidization quality which can be significantly affected by the gas properties especially the gas viscosity and density . The effects of gas species on the fluidization properties such as minimum fluidization velocity bed expansion dense phase voidage and pressure fluctuation of three typical types of Group C | High bed expansion and large dense phase voidage in Group C. fluidized bed. Better fluidization quality with the increase of gas viscosity and or gas density. Gas viscosity plays a more important role than gas density in fluidization processes. Dimensionless groups are effective in characterizing the fluidization quality. Smaller pressure fluctuation with the increase of gas viscosity and or gas density. |
S1385894720310329 | Coupling chemical oxidation and biodegradation to remediate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil has gained great attention in recent decades . However there remains a knowledge gap concerning the integration of persulfate oxidation and anoxic biodegradation of PAHs in subsurface soil . In this study the potential of integrated persulfate oxidation and anoxic biodegradation of PAHs in aged subsurface soil are investigated . Dynamic changes in the soil bacterial abundance and community composition are also examined . The soil bacterial abundance and community composition were negatively influenced following the application of different dosages of persulfate but these were found to be gradually restored after the depletion of persulfate . The bacteria that were capable of degrading PAHs under anoxic conditions were predominated by the phyla | Integrated PS oxidation and anoxic biodegradation of PAH in subsurface soil was investigated. Soil bacterial abundance was negatively impacted by PS but that can be restored. Both PS oxidation and anoxic biodegradation contributed to PAH removal in the soil added 1 of PS. PAH removal was primarily attributed to PS oxidation in soil added 1 of PS. Combined treatment was more efficient for PAH removal than either one alone in the soil added 1 of PS. |
S1385894720310330 | Simulated moving bed reactor increases conversion of a reversible chemical reaction by introducing continuous counter current in situ adsorptive separation of reactants and or products . Effects of temperature variance among different operating zones on the performance of a 4 column SMBR for reaction in the form of | Optimization for SMBR was done to assess effect of non isothermal operation. Optimization problems with different temperature distributions were explored. First time triple objective optimization was performed for SMBR processes. Pareto optimal solutions were explained by trends of flowrate ratios. values . Non isothermal operation may be used to reduce the solvent consumption. |
S1385894720310342 | Microbial fuel cell based biosensors are promising alternative biochemical oxygen demand detection method . However the presence of alternative electron acceptor such as nitrate will interfere BOD detection because of the heterotrophic denitrification . So it is essentially important to investigate how nitrate influences BOD detection and to make correction . In this work standard BOD solution containing 20500mg L BOD was used to evaluate performance of MFC biosensors impacted with 050mg L NO | The presence of nitrate caused underestimated BOD detection using MFC biosensors. Underestimated BOD detection can be corrected by graphical and mathematical method. Heterotrophic anodic denitrification was priority process over current production. Heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification jointly removed nitrate in whole MFC. The nitrate in standard solution changed microbial communities of anodic biofilms. |
S1385894720310354 | Refractory organic pollutants especially at low concentrations are very slowly degradable through a heterogeneous electro Fenton process . This drawback caused by limited mass transfer between in situ produced oxidizing agents and organic molecules negatively affects the overall performance of EF and thus restricts its large scale deployment . In this study we provided an innovative solution by integrating the EF process with an osmotically driven membrane technology to overcome this challenge . Osmotic dewatering was conducted to extract water continuously from the EF cell and keep the kinetics of oxidation reaction in its fast state . The hybrid process was operated in two different modes EF Forward osmosis and EF pressure retarded osmosis where the membrane active layer and underlying support faced the feed solution respectively . Rhodamine B and Reactive Red 120 were utilized as probe organic contaminants and their degradation rate total organic carbon decay mineralization current efficiency and specific energy consumption were evaluated for a single EF and hybrid EF FO and EF PRO processes . Comparing with a single EF reaction TOC decay improved by 57.92 and 70.46 using EF FO and EF PRO processes respectively . Overall MCE of hybrid processes surpassed 100 while it remained under 50 for a single EF reaction . SEC calculations showed a significant reduction in energy consumption by almost one third when the EF reaction is integrated with the FO process . To demonstrate the practicality of our hybrid process at a very low concentration of organic pollutants RhB containing solution with an initial concentration of 2ppm was subjected to EF and EF PRO processes . EF PRO system demonstrated 88.1 TOC removal which was 3 fold higher than that of a single EF process . | Electro Fenton EF process is innovatively integrated with forward osmosis FO. EF destroys organic pollutants while FO extracts pure water. The hybrid system showed a significant improvement in organic carbon decay 60. Hybrid process showed 100 mineraization current effcinecy 50 for signle EF. Energy consumption in hybrid processes reduced to one third of single EF process. |
S1385894720310366 | Three novel persulfate activators Fe based metal organic frameworks were synthesized for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole . The degradation experiment results showed that all the FeMOFs could effectively activate persulfate and degrade more than 97 SMX within 180min with higher than 77 persulfate decomposition efficiencies . It was found by Mssbauer spectra that the variation of organic ligands for synthesis have an influence on the content of Fe of these MOFs thus resulted in the order of activation capacities Fe Fe Fe . It was demonstrated that the activation of persulfate was mainly ascribed to the heterogeneous process that accomplished by surface bounded Fe acted as the main active site to provided electrons for persulfate or dissolved oxygen . EPR and molecular probe studies confirmed the coexistence of SO | Fe II MOFs are synthesized via hydrothermal self assembled coordination. Fe II MOFs exhibit diverse active sites and electron donating properties. Fe II acts as an effective electron donor for both persulfate and dioxygen. Direct electron transfer to SMX molecule by the attack of SO. was proposed. |
S1385894720310391 | In this work and for the first time an alkali metal potassium as a promoter was loaded on an activated carbon to be used for selective catalytic reduction of NO from industrial flue gas . The denitrification activity of K modified AC samples was investigated and compared with those of acid and Cu modified AC samples . The three modifications can enhance the denitrification activity of AC samples . To investigate the enhanced mechanisms of denitrification and SO | AC K shows efficient SCR activity due to increasing new active intermediates. AC K shows good sulfur resistance owing to the enhanced chemisorption of NO. AC K shows a high N. selectivity by promoting the dissociation of N. O. |
S1385894720310408 | In this study Cu LTA and Cu SSZ 13 catalysts are examined for sulfur poisoning and regeneration . The nature of the Cu species was probed with H | Cu LTA and Cu SSZ 13 were synthesized and examined for SO. poisoning. Cu OH. in Cu LTA is found to be more vulnerable to SO. than Cu SSZ 13. In SCR condition with SO. Cu LTA can store more SO. than Cu SSZ 13. Cu LTA exhibit a slower deactivation rate than Cu SSZ 13. 750C fully regenerates Cu LTA while Cu SSZ 13 show some loss at high temperature. |
S138589472031041X | Biochars have been suggested as cheap eco friendly and commercially available media for adsorbing various organic and inorganic target compounds . However there is a dearth of systematic examinations on the design of shape and thermally stable organic phase change materials . In this investigation composite PCMs based on standard biochars and organic PCMs were developed . The as prepared composite PCMs revealed enhanced thermal stabilities chemical compatibilities and moderate heat transfer performances . Among these biochar derived composites one from oilseed rape exhibited high heating enthalpy of 73.7 and 90.5kJ kg for 1 dodecanol and n dodecane respectively . The impregnation volume of dodecane based composite reached 71.6 which can be ascribed to the favorable structural and morphological characteristics of the supporting materials . The synthesis of 1 dodecanol based composite appeared to be influenced by specific surface areas of the biochars and intermolecular interactions owing to the highly sensitive hydroxyl group of the organic PCM . In general this study is expected to serve as a foundation for the synthesis of green composite PCMs in the thermal energy storage sector . | Biochar is an eco friendly material that can be employed as PCM support. Three standard biochars were analyzed for encapsulating different PCMs with same carbon chains C. . Oilseed rape biochar showed the highest energy storage capacity and loading capacity. Biochars encapsulating n dodecane preferably exhibited high energy storage capacity compared to 1 dodecanol. |
S1385894720310421 | Oxygen vacancies are efficient to promote the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes thereby enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the catalyst . In this work Ni doped ZnO with oxygen vacancies was successfully synthesized . 3ZnO with 3wt of Ni | A simple method for Ni doped ZnO with oxygen vacancies was developed. 3ZnO with 3wt of Ni. doping got 94 depolymerization of sodium lignosulfonate. The optimal yields of vanillic acid and guaiacol were 9.3 and 1.5 respectively. Suitable concentration of oxygen vacancies promotes the production of. of O. is useful to depolymerization of sodium lignosulfonate into valuable product. |
S1385894720310433 | The preparation of epoxy compounds by catalytic oxidation with hydrogen peroxide an environmentally friendly oxidant is beneficial to reducing pollutants . A new temperature controlled phase transfer catalyst C | A new catalyst based on polyoxotungstophosphates was synthesized. It showed excellent catalytic performance for the epoxidation of allyl chloride. The catalytic mechanism was proved by FT IR and. P NMR spectroscopy. The interface reaction is the rate controlling step. The interfacial properties of the catalyst were studied. |
S1385894720310445 | Polymer based dielectric capacitors have attracted increasing attention in advanced electronics and pulsed power systems due to their high power density and ultrafast chargedischarge speed . However most of recent achievements focus on polymer based nanocomposites employing high | P VDF TrFE and PVDF were elaborately designed to form blend film and sandwich structure. A maximum. 23.6J cm. was achieved at 636 MV m in 30 70vol P VDF TrFE PVDF film. 2024J cm. were achieved in sandwich structures with optimal polarization distribution. Finite element analysis demonstrates the microscopic mechanism for achieving high |
S1385894720310457 | Multiphase flow in nanoporous media is ubiquitous in geophysics physical chemistry and bioengineering . The underlying mechanisms of two phase flow are of great importance in the prediction of water and oil flow in shale nanoporous media . In this work we use molecular dynamic simulations to investigate a laminar type oilwater two phase flow in quartz nanopores . We find that in nanochannels due to liquidliquid slip the enhancement in oil phase flow may not be neglected . As water film thickness and pore size increase such enhancement decreases gradually . According to MD results a new hydrodynamic flow model considering fluid distributions heterogeneous fluid properties liquid wall interaction and liquidliquid slip is proposed and compared to MD results and other hydrodynamic flow models . While previous hydrodynamic flow models generally underestimate oil phase flow in a laminar type OW2PF in quartz nanopores our model shows an excellent agreement with MD simulations for a wide range of pore sizes . Our work could shed some lights into flow mechanism of a laminar type OW2PF in nanoporous media and provide insights into flow modeling development in shale oil exploitation . | Molecular simulations to study oilwater two phase flow in quartz nanochannels. Liquid liquid slip enhances fluid flow and is non negligible in nanochannels. Develop a new theoretical model to describe the oilwater two phase flow in nanochannels. Apparent viscosity in two phase region is effective to depict liquidliquid slip. |
S1385894720310469 | An effective design of carbon materials with appropriate nanoarchitecture and optimized physicochemical property is critically demanded for superb lithium sodium storage capacities . N rich hollow carbon nanotubes with long aspect ratio are well developed | N rich carbon nanotubes with long aspect ratio are constructed by a simple template method. The nitrogen content in the carbon nanotubes is up to 15.7 . Excellent cycle durability and rate capability are obtained in sodium lithium ion batteries. Quantitative kinetic analysis reveals the dominated capacitive contribution. |
S1385894720310470 | The removal of chromium from contaminated water was investigated using biodegradable membranes and functionalized cellulose nanoparticles . We used poly a flexible polymer for membrane development via phase inversion technique . CNS with and without phosphorylation was used aiming to improve the removal of chromium from contaminated drinking water . The neat CNS showed limited efficiency on the Cr removal . On the other hand CNS P indicated removal of 93 and 88 of Cr and Cr respectively . The Cr removal can be associated with CNS higher surface area and active sites which allows more regions for immobilization of chromium species . Also at lower pH the CNS P presents a surface charge that can interact via electrostatic forces with the chromium species which increases the removal efficiency . CNS P also showed greater thermal stability due to phosphorylation . The addition of CNS and CNS P improved the membranes mechanical performance which improves the applicability of this material with potential application in domestic houses and water treatment stations . A small device for domestic use was tested to confirm the efficiency of the membranes and the functionalized membranes showed 71 of chromium removal which highlights its potential for water decontamination . | Cellulose nanostructures CNS were phosphorylated and improved the Cu adsorption. Biodegradable membranes of PBAT were prepared via inversion phase technique. The CNS improved the mechanical properties of PBAT membranes. Membranes with phosphorylated CNS showed better chrome removal from water samples. The developed system shows potential for future applications in water treatment systems. |
S1385894720310482 | This paper addresses the current lack of a scalable process for the extraction of hairy pectins to upcycle biomasses by describing the design methodology building and testing of a continuous microwave assisted process for potato waste pectin extraction . Hairy pectins have been shown to present prebiotic activity . Conventional pectin extraction methods are not suitable to produce them as they lead to degradation of hairy regions in part due to long heating times . Microwave heating is considered an alternative due to its selective and rapid heating . The 2kW single mode system developed in this study achieved good temperature control of 2.5C and a stable target temperature in 1 min processing time at a feed flow rate of 250mLmin | A scalable continuous and green hairy pectin extraction process developed. Microwave Assisted Extraction successfully implemented in continuous operation. Improved starch reduction achieved by sieving procedure. |
S1385894720310494 | The development of efficient technology for the purification of methane from natural gas becomes imperative for the industrial processes . We herein reported a Fe MOF with interpenetrated networks MIL 142A further investigated its separation performances of C | MIL 142A can efficiently separate C. C. CH. based on interpenetrated networks. MIL 142A performed considerable C. uptake and C. CH. IAST selectivity. MIL 142A interacted with guest molecules via van der Waals interactions. Crossing ligands in interpenetrated networks enabled favorable adsorption of C |
S1385894720310500 | Tailoring hybrid electrodes with rational microstructure and appropriate active components is crucial for developing high performance supercapacitors . Herein we assemble highly conductive arrayed NiCoP nanowires on flexible carbon cloth substrate and subsequently decorate the nanowires with MoSe | A novel 3D. grows directly on carbon cloth for the first time. possesses few layers 23 with expanded interlayer 0.76nm . The. electrode exhibits a high capacitance. The. AC achieves a high energy density and cycling stability. |
S1385894720310512 | Although graphene oxide is widely used as an antibacterial agent its efficacy still needs to be improved . In this work we present a novel medical dressing that improves antibacterial effect and promotes wound healing . Poly graphene oxide citicoline sodium lanthanum films were prepared by the solution intercalation method for usage in wound dressing applications . GO was modified by zwitterionic citicoline to improve the dispersibility of water based polymers while providing La | PVA GO CDPC La film was prepared by the solution intercalation method. PVA GO CDPC La film could absorb wound exudate while keeping the wound moist and improved antibacterial properties. PVA GO CDPC La film could be considered as a potential wound dressing material. |
S1385894720310536 | In the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries plants are normally operated on a discontinuous multipurpose logic according to which the same reactor is used for different products on a campaign basis . Moreover when dealing with relatively fast and exothermic processes the reaction is preferably performed in indirectly cooled semibatch reactors where the conversion rate and the heat release can be better controlled . In these cases if a constant product quality has to be achieved under safer and more efficient conditions the shift to a continuous plant operation should be considered this because of more reproducible operating conditions an effective minimization of dead times and lower reactor volumes for the same production output . In this work a general and easy to use experimental procedure is presented allowing for selecting the continuous process parameters at the industrial scale through semibatch laboratory experiments without a kinetic characterization of the system . | Continuous processes provide advantages in terms of productivity and safety. A new approach the Multiple Feed Semibatch Reactor MSBR is proposed. MSBR allows for a kinetic free definition of the continuous plant parameters. MBSR can be used to make continuous many multipurpose plants. |
S1385894720310548 | How to design and synthesize interfacial engineered materials that have efficient surface passivation and electron extraction properties is an important problem in the field of optoelectronic materials . Herein a simple naphthalene imide dimer namely 2FBT2NDI is developed by Stille coupling reaction with a high yield and it is used as interface engineering material for inverted perovskite solar cells . Owing to the existence of intermolecular interactions between MAPbI | A naphthalene imide dimer was developed and used as an interfacial material. 2FBT2NDI layer achieves efficient surface passivation and electron extraction. The modified PSCs show superior photovoltaic performance 20.1 . 2FBT2NDI could be used to obtain commercializable high performance PSCs. |
S138589472031055X | The excessive discharge of goat manure has placed a serious burden on the environment and accordingly how to transform this type of waste into functional materials is of practical significance yet remains challenging . Herein surface loaded cobalt biochar was successfully prepared for the first time by carbonizing Co impregnated goat manure waste . The Co GMC 900 exhibited excellent performance in activating peroxymonosulfate to degrade ciprofloxacin which could remove 96.5 of CIP within 30min . Additionally in the cycle experiments the Co GMC 900 presented robust stability due to the synergy of excellent magnetism inherent ellipsoid of goat manure and strengthened interactions between cobalt nanoparticles and graphitized biochar network . In the light of a series of characterization analyses carbonization temperature played a crucial role in tailoring the physicochemical properties of composites . Based on detected active species radical process SO | Goat manure was reused to synthesize catalyst Co GMC 900 for PMS activation. Carbonization temperature greatly affected physicochemical properties of materials. The Co GMC 900 exhibited excellent performance and stability for CIP degradation. Both radical and non radical processes contributed to the oxidation reaction. |
S1385894720310561 | Previous studies have shown that introducing of an extra transition metal into the monometallic nitrogen doped carbon could benefit oxygen adsorption further weaken the O O bond energy and thus promote the electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction . Up to now the bimetallic nitrogen doped carbons were mostly prepared by direct pyrolysis of in situ mixed precursors or pre formed bimetal organic frameworks sub micro sized products with encapsulated metal particles were commonly formed leading to lower utilization of the metal atoms and less active sites density of the catalysts . In this paper surface anchored iron cobalt nitrogen doped carbon hollow nanospheres were properly designed by boiling the monodispersed polypyrrole nanospheres in Fe Co ions involved molten salt . Even a trace amount of Fe Co atoms were anchored on the nitrogen doped carbon hollow nanospheres the onset potential half wave potential and limiting current density could reach to 0.950V 0.841V and 6.898mA cm | Molten salt method could promote the utilization of metal atoms. Surface modification of nanospheres could sharply increase the active site density. Bimetallic anchorage could balance the activity and stability of the catalyst. The catalyst could deliver high onset potential 0.950V and limiting current density 6.898mA cm. . |
S1385894720310573 | This work presents a systematic and quantitative study of the optical and photon absorption performance of the solar compound parabolic collector photoreactor by a rigorous radiative Monte Carlo model . The parameters of the system such as the properties of the receiver wall the collector reflectivity the solar irradiation conditions and the optical thickness were varied to represent different experimental conditions and to investigate their impact on the radiation absorption of the CPCP . The results showed that the role of the receiver wall should be described accurately to determine an optimal CPCP design and to model its energy absorption field . Finally a new method to optimize solar CPCP was proposed based on an Energy Absorption Distribution Index . This index accounts for the cost of increasing the total rate of energy absorption on the radiation distribution in the photoreactor volume and therefore is a more comprehensive approach than the extended method followed in the literature which determines the optimum photocatalyst concentration only from the maximization of the TREA . An optimum apparent optical thickness interval was derived from these two approaches which is | A radiative MC model for solar radiation absorption in CPCP is presented. The role of the receiver wall on the CPCP radiative performance is studied. EADI is presented as a novel optimization method for slurry photoreactors. EADI includes the impact of the distribution of the absorbed energy. An apparent optical thickness interval to operate CPCP efficiently is reported. |
S1385894720310603 | The exploration of bifunctional catalysts to produce both hydrogen and oxygen will accelerate the progress of overall water splitting . This paper introduces a facile method to fabricate bifunctional photocatalysts toward the water splitting by doping nano CdS with S vacancies on | has both water reduction oxidation catalytic activities. makes the S vacancy in CdS an effective electron trap. Schottky junction acts as a pump for transfer of photo generated carriers. p n junction of the catalyst reduce the recombination of electrons and holes. The structure of catalyst extends the life of the photogenerated electrons and holes. |
S1385894720310615 | The development of high performance bi functional electrocatalysts for both oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction with low cost materials has remained a great challenge in electrochemical water splitting . Herein we design and develop novel Co doped Fe | A novel Co doped Fe. nanoplates were prepared for the first time. one pot reaction. Fe. Co. lead to enhanced OER and HER activities. This study produces the most active pyrrhotite FeS based catalyst towards electrochemical water splitting. |
S1385894720310627 | Carboxylated nanocellulose hold great application potential and research value in environmental remediation owing to its eco friendly nature high specific surface area high density of functional groups and abundant reserves properties . In present work a new type of cellulose nanofibers with high aspect ratio and high density of carboxyl groups were prepared by directly thermo oxidizing natural wasted pomelo peel with H | Cellulose nanofiber based environmental repairing materials were prepared by hydrogen peroxide. POCNF PEI has excellent Cu adsorption properties with maximum adsorption capacity of 74mg g. POCNF PEI has excellent MG adsorption ability with maximum adsorption capacity of 530mg g. POCNF PEI can be recycled four times with larger adsorption capacity of 6572mg g. |
S1385894720310652 | The versatility of rattle type microspheres is tightly correlated with the composition and morphology . Exploring advanced rattle type microspheres with simultaneous controllable composition and micro nanostructures via novel designed and regulated strategies may have great advantages for performing complex tasks . Herein cellulose inorganic hybrid rattle type microspheres produced using microalgae as natural chemical reservoirs microreactors and matrix is reported . By adjusting only pH and temperature rattle type microspheres with simultaneously controllable mesoporous outer shells and multicomponent nano cores i.e . Ca | Rattle type microspheres are fabricated using microalgae as single source precursor. Microalgae act as natural chemical reservoir microreactor and matrix. Microspheres with simultaneous adjustable pore size shell and composite nano cores. Microspheres are an ideal signal multiplier for highly sensitive immunoassay. Enhancement of sensitivity is due to the tunable compositions and morphology. |
S1385894720310664 | UV filters a kind of personal care product are intractably degraded using conventional processes because of their trace concentration in the environment . The exploration of high performance stable and reusable materials for the highly efficient removal of UV filters is of great importance . In this study a series of three dimensional graphene oxide covalent triazine based frameworks aerogels prepared with different concentration ratios were designed to remove trace concentrations of benzophenone 2 4 dihydroxybenzophenone and 2 hydroxy 4 methoxybenzophenone from water which are regenerated by sunlight . 3D GO CTF not only adsorbs UV filters with high efficiency and capacity but can also be regenerated with an extremely high percentage recovery of 9095 in the 4th cycle . These 3D GO CTF materials exhibit switchable selectivity between the adsorption of the UV filters and regeneration of the 3D GO CTF by regulating the content of GO to function as the adsorbent and CTF for photocatalytic regeneration . Moreover the high reusability and extreme stability of the 3D GO CTF aerogels were verified over seven cycles of night day testing in a real water matrix which demonstrated their potential application in the efficient removal of micropollutants from the environment . | 3D GO CTF aerogels could effectively adsorb trace concentration of UV filters. The spent aerogels can be regenerated by utilizing sunlight. Regenerated 3D GO CTF remained effective for adsorption of UV filters from natural water. Hybrid block can be easily recycled from natural water bodies. |
S1385894720310676 | Copper nanowire is one of the most promising materials for next generation flexible transparent electrodes . Currently large scale applications of CuNW in FTEs are still hindered by their poor resistance against oxidation chemical and electrochemical corrosion . Previous studies mainly focused on solving a single problem which can hardly overcome these problems simultaneously . Hence | The sheet resistance of the FTE decreased to 14.2 Ohm sq at a transmittance of 90.1 . The stability resistance to oxidation chemical and electrochemical corrosion of the FTE was greatly enhanced. A bifunctional electrochromic and supercapacitor device was fabricated based on. NW FTEs. |
S1385894720310688 | Polyphosphazene is utilized in various fields due to its versatility and nontoxic nature however the polycondensation reaction in its preparation process relies on hazardous organic solvents and acid binding agents . In this work we proposed a synthetic method based on both molecule and nanostructure design to prepare cyclomatrix polyphosphazene frameworks in a green and sustainable manner without any solvent . Using block copolymer Pluronic F127 as the structural directing agent and porogen the synthesized product was assembled by nanosheets with a mesoporous structure . The generality of the proposed strategy was also examined in depth . After being doped with cobalt its structure property relationship was studied in flame retarding polypropylene . Polyphosphazene with a high specific surface area and unique morphology was first applied as an eco friendly halogen free flame retardant . With the addition of 18wt of the product the flame retardant PP composite achieved a UL 94V 0 rating with a limiting oxygen index of 26.7 . The peak of heat release rate and total smoke production were also reduced by 60.5 and 32.6 respectively . The composite exhibited an outstanding water resistance as evidenced by constant V 0 rating after soaking in water for 3days . This systematic research will shed light on the advanced structural design and eco benign synthesis strategy of polyphosphazene for more feasible applications . | A novel dry synthetic method was proposed to prepare cyclomatrix polyphosphazene. The unique nanostructure offered uniform dispersion and strong interfacial interaction. The product was incorporated into polypropylene to improve its flame retardancy. The existence of the product had little impact on the mechanical properties of polypropylene. |
S138589472031069X | Biochar is extensively used in the remediation of pollutants because of its diverse physicochemical properties . Biochar application can alter the activity of microbial communities involved in bioremediation . However the electrochemical behavior of biochar and its potential effect on microbial nitrate reduction remains unknown . Electron transfer between microbial cells and electron donor or acceptor species is often across extracellular polymeric substances . However the role of EPS in extracellular electron transfer remains unclear . In this study we examined the electrochemical behavior of biochar and its effects on microbial nitrate reduction to elucidate the role of EPS in extracellular electron transfer . The biochar prepared by the pyrolysis of Aspen wood chips at 400600C . Electrochemical analysis using cyclic voltammetry electrochemical impedance spectrum and chronoamperometry showed that biochars could donate and accept electrons . BC 400 BC 500 and BC 600 had an electron donating capacity of 1.03mmol e | Biochar pyrolyzed at 400C significantly enhanced microbial nitrate reduction. Phenol O. H and quinone C. O surface functional groups on the biochar could contributes in the electron exchange. Biochar could act as electron donor and electron acceptor. Biochar addition significantly promoted microbial electron transport system activity. Extracellular polymeric substances act as transient media for microbial extracellular electron transfer. |
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