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S1385894720310718 | Optical stimuli materials have been applied in many fields since it can be activated from external system and localized in time and space . Although optically healable polymers have been well developed in recent years to be healed under mild conditions remains a big challenge for these materials . Herein we report the design and synthesis of a metallo supramolecular polymer containing azopyridine ligands to address this conundrum . The resulting photo healable polymer is highly stretchable with a high toughness 16.33MJ m | Supramolecular networks based on metal ligand coordination were fabricated. Photoresponsive metallo supramolecular performed dynamic properties and self healing abilities under light stimulus. Light healing process displayed excellent self healing behavior in different conditions. The supramolecular elastomer exhibited excellent sensing behavior in sensor applications. |
S138589472031072X | Photocatalysis driven by functionalized metalorganic frameworks is a promising direction for the development of renewable energy conversion and environmental pollution rehabilitation by direct utilization of solar energy . Among various MOFs titanium based MOFs are an appealing set of MOFs for practical applications due to their relation to the commonly used TiO | Structure and features of Ti MOF based photocatalytic systems are summarized. Three types synthetic strategy of Ti MOFs are introduced. Ti MOFs composites and derived porous materials for photocatalysis are discussed. Challenges and future directions of Ti MOFs for photocatalysis are provided. |
S1385894720310731 | Malignant bone tumors have caused great obstacles and serious illnesses for tumor recurrence and difficulty in reconstructing and repairing large defects after tumorectomy . Additionally long term efficacy satisfactory biocompatibility and excellent properties for anti tumor agents are necessary in the biomedical field . To solve these problems a novel idea has been proposed on building an integrative anti tumor bone repairing scaffold by covering photothermal therapy composite MoS | Integrative treatment anti tumor bone repair BGM scaffolds were fabricated. BGM can retain MoS. for 60days implying its photothermal ability. BGM can reduce MNNG HOS viability and inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. BGM stimulate differentiation of rBMSCs upregulate osteogenetic genes expression. The BGM scaffolds can promote bone tissues repairing in rat calvarial defects. |
S1385894720310743 | Water stressed countries have been shifting their sources of clean water from inland freshwater to seawater . This led to a comprehensive exploration of seawater desalination processes to address water scarcity however membrane processes have expensive operational costs and high energy consumption . In this regard this study presented a novel energy self sufficient desalination system design that incorporates rechargeable seawater batteries as an additional energy storage system . Experimental data were projected using the reverse osmosis system analysis model to determine the configuration that achieved the lowest energy consumption and highest charging rate . The results show that the seawater battery achieved a satisfactory desalination performance with 90 and 74 82 removal of sodium and chloride ions from actual water samples respectively . Among the configurations using ultrafiltration as pretreatment and applying 1.8mA as initial current yielded the lowest energy consumption 1.35kWh m | Designing a novel seawater battery desalination system using seawater battery and the reverse osmosis system. Energy projection of the seawater battery experimental data using the reverse osmosis system analysis model. Desalination performance of seawater battery yielded a 74 to 90 salt removal. Ultrafiltration permeate gave the most optimal energy consumption 53.9kWh m3 and salt removal 75 to 92 . |
S1385894720310755 | Mineral dust has a significant effect on the atmospheric heterogeneous chemistry and environmental risk prediction of VOCs . In this work a comprehensive theoretical study for the gaseous and heterogeneous reactions process of four Low Molecular Weight unsaturated ketones with O | The gaseous and heterogeneous reactions of LMW unsaturated ketones with O. are compared by DFT. SiO. represents a strong sinking of LMW carbonyl compounds. More HMHP detected on SiO. than that in gas phase may be related to the promotion of SiO. on CH. OO H. O. The environmental risks may increase due to the promotion of SiO. to the studied reactions. |
S1385894720310779 | Sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron has showed higher reactivity towards organic pollutants and metal ions than nZVI . However the competitive reaction and electron transport mechanism of organic metal ions with S nZVI in one pot need further clarification . In this study the removal mechanism of Pb and decabromodiphenyl ether complex contaminants by S nZVI was systematically investigated . Compared with nZVI the removal kinetic constants of BDE 209 and Pb by S nZVI increased 7.29 and 5.15 times respectively . Pb can be immobilized to PbO Pb | S nZVI can quickly remove BDE 209 and Pb II composite pollutants. Compared with BDE 209 Pb II can preferentially react with S nZVI. Pb. enhances the electron transfer rate from S nZVI to BDE 209. Pb II adversely affects the longevity of S nZVI. |
S1385894720310780 | Fine particles pose a dangerous threat to our environment and human health . Although a series of air filters have been developed to achieve high removal efficiency while maintaining a low pressure drop is still a challenging task . Herein we introduce an additional force into action the space charge when designing the filter to capture the particulate matters . The corona discharge drives the PMs toward graphene aerogel filter under the imposed electrostatic force . The prepared filter displays a very high PM removal efficiency and low pressure drop under an extremely high concentration 10000g m | Robust graphene aerogel filter is rationally designed and constructed. Particulate matters PMs were captured by the imposed electrostatic force. Filter displays a good removal efficiency under an ultrahigh PMs concentration. Renewable filters are sustainable for PMs capturing under a low pressure drop. |
S1385894720310792 | Nanofiltration has been recognized as a cost effective membrane technology for wastewater reclamation while little information is available about its performance in pilot scale for practical engineering application . In addition the biofouling issue is always a barrier to membrane process for its long term stable operation which requires further investigations . In this study the performance of a pilot scale two stage NF system was continually monitored for three months . The membrane autopsy characterization was conducted when the irreversible membrane fouling occurred . The rejections of COD TOC and TP by NF were 96.51.2 91.91.9 and 97.72.1 respectively . A total of 23 emerging contaminants have been detected in NF influent including 19 pharmaceuticals and personal care products and four environmental estrogens . Except for bisphenol A and ibuprofen the rejections of other 21 emerging contaminants were all higher than 80 by the NF system . Microbial community structure analysis showed that | Performance of a pilot scale NF system for actual engineering application was studied. NF system showed more than 80 rejections to 21 emerging contaminants. Abundance and distribution of microbial community structures differed between the two stages. was an extremely stubborn genus on the membrane surface. |
S1385894720310810 | In situ deposition of nanofibers onto living organs could improve the adhesion between nanofiber membranes and organs and thus accelerate the hemostatic effect . Electrospinning is preferable over blow spinning for in situ hemostasis as blow spinning may damage the wound because of the strong airflow and introduces a recoil phenomenon when the airflow encounters the organ that fibers would deposit onto the surrounding organs causing tissue adhesion . Minimally invasive surgery has increased recently and become the first choice for patients due to its minimal trauma and slight pain . Herein we combine in situ electrospinning with minimally invasive surgery and show that electrospun nanofibers can be fabricated through the laparoscope and directly deposited onto the living organ . A cone converging structure was also introduced in this laparoscopic electrospinning which can more precisely deposit nanofibers and decrease the deposition area of the nanofiber membrane without thickening the fiber diameter . During a minimally invasive surgery performed on pigs this laparoscopic electrospinning technique exhibited rapid hemostasis less postoperative inflammatory responses and faster recovery than traditional hemostasis methods . The hemostasis time of electrospinning method was approximately 5s which was faster than that of the suture group at 3min and smear group at 14s . The electrospun membrane thickness was approximately 300m which was thinner than that of the smearing group at approximately 1mm . The deposition area of the electrospun NOCA membrane can also be finely tuned by the cone converging structure and electrospinning distance and it is superior to the smear method because the operation is performed through a long laparoscopic tube which minimizes the effect of hand shaking on targeting the wound site . | In situ electrospinning combined with laparoscope for minimally invasive surgery. Simultaneously achieve precise deposition without thickening fiber diameter. Faster hemostasis than many other traditional laparoscopic hemostasis methods. More rapid recovery rate after the hemostasis with laparoscopic electrospinning. |
S1385894720310834 | Pollution of antibiotics in water has aroused global concerns . In this study non thermal discharge plasma oxidation was applied to eliminate three antibiotics with different substituent groups and chemical properties tetracycline sulfadiazine and ciprofloxacin . All the three antibiotics could be effectively degraded but with different reaction kinetics and the reaction rate of TC was always the highest followed by SD and CIP . Reactive oxygen species including | Discharge plasma was used to remove antibiotics with different structures. Antibiotics removal efficiency under various experimental conditions was evaluated. Contributions of reactive substances to antibiotic decomposition were analyzed. Gaussian with DFT was used to predict the sites on antibiotics susceptible for ROS attack. Possible decomposition pathways of different molecular structures were proposed. |
S1385894720310846 | Due to its high redox potential zinc sulfide is considered an excellent semiconductor photocatalyst . However the rapid recombination rate of the photogenerated electron hole pairs limits the efficiency of ZnS for photocatalytic reactions . Herein we suggest a design rule of heterojunction structure of ZnS for improvement of its photocatalytic performance . Two specific properties are specially emphasized phase immiscibility and the different growth rates of the component materials . The phase immiscibility not only guarantees a well separated interface it also enables the technical convenience of one pot synthesis . The different growth rates help form wide heterojunctions that foster the efficient consumption of materials . We found that the ZnS Ni | Immiscibility is important in an efficient heterojuction photocatalyst. Immiscibility of ZnS and NiS were proposed and experimentally proved. ZnS NiS composites showed superior photocatalytic activities. Mechanism study explained that NiS plays a role as a co catalyst of ZnS. |
S1385894720310858 | Controlled release of pesticide is highly desirable for improving efficacy and reducing side effects . Hydrophobic hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions have been widely investigated to control the release of pesticides . However metal coordination bonding is yet to be fully explored for controlled release of pesticides . In this study copper ions Cu | Copper ions chelated mesoporous silica nanoparticles via dopamine chemistry was developed. Copper ions and polydopamine could endow azoxystobin pH responsive release profiles by coordination bonding. Azoxystrobin loaded nanoparticles exhibited better fungicidal activity against. PDA coating could improve deposition efficiency toward cucumber leaves. |
S138589472031086X | In this study rice straw biochar modified by copper oxide was successfully fabricated via a hydrothermal method and used as a catalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants by peroxydisulfate . RSBC CuO activated PDS exhibited an outstanding performance on the decomposition of phenacetin . Electron paramagnetic resonance confirmed that the reactive oxygen species included SO | Rice straw biochar modified by CuO RSBC CuO was fabricated via a hydrothermal method. 100 of phenacetin 10mg L and 64.5 of TOC was removed in the PDS RSBC CuO system. Reactive oxygen species include SO. OH O. radicals and singlet oxygen. . RSBC CuO exhibited excellent stability and reusability. RSBC CuO PDS possessed universal degradation potential towards various organic pollutants. |
S1385894720310871 | Norfloxacin has been extensively applied worldwide to treat various infectious diseases which is ubiquitous in the aquatic environments . In this study ionizing irradiation was used to degrade NOR in aqueous solution . The results showed that 540mg L NOR could be degraded completely at 0.44kGy . The mineralization of NOR was enhanced by 1.553.02 times in the presence of 1040mg L H | Norfloxacin could be effectively removed by ionizing radiation. Effect of influencing factors on norfloxacin degradation was investigated. Degradation pathway of norfloxacin was proposed based on the intermediates. The antimicrobial activity of norfloxacin solution against. was eliminated. |
S1385894720310883 | In this work a novel jet electro absorber is presented as an efficient process that combines absorption and electro oxidation for the treatment of gaseous pollutants . This system based on the Venturi effect enhances the absorption of vapor wastes in absence of a mechanical compressor . It has been tested with a model organochlorine compound perchloroethylene that it is widely used as solvent and easily promoted to the gas phase because of its high vapor pressure . Results confirmed that the target compound can be absorbed into the electrolytic solutions proposed being the efficiency highly influenced by the electrolyte absorbent composition . Opposite to it was expected it was also confirmed that the electrolysis does not mineralize the compound but it promotes mainly the transformation of the raw pollutant into refractory products . Also it was determined the paramount influence on the perchloroethylene removal pathway of the bubble size produced by jet absorbers with different throat width even modifying the products distribution . A gaseous intermediate phosgene and carbon tetrachloride are promoted in the electro oxidation treatments with | Jet electro absorption can be applied to remove volatile compounds. Higher concentrations were absorbed using methanol as solvent. Bubble size controlled by the throat width modifies the absorption behavior. Final products depend on current density tested. No mineralization but transformation of perchloroethylene into other products. |
S1385894720310895 | The oxygen carrier plays a vital role in chemical looping combustion . Development of low cost oxygen carriers is of great significance to the engineering application of chemical looping techniques . In this study pyrite cinder a byproduct from the process of sulfuric acid production was used as an oxygen carrier in CH | Pyrite cinder presented stable redox performance with the highest CH. conversion and CO. selectivity. Active lattice oxygen in pyrite cinder enhanced complete CH. combustion at low reaction temperature. Pyrite cinder showed high resistance to sintering deactivation. |
S1385894720310901 | The bone defects caused by trauma tumor resections and congenital diseases can lead to deformity and dysfunction . Developing a biodegradable scaffold with tunable osteogenesis and degradation rates is highly essential for improving bone defect regeneration . Eggshell is a kind of natural biomaterial of which the major inorganic component is CaCO | Waste chicken eggshell was used as template for the synthesis of CaCO. MgO nanocomposites. The as prepared CaCO. MgO nanocomposites and Chitosan were integrated into a biomimetic scaffold. The composite scaffold exhibited significant mineralization ability and strong osteogenic differentiation potential. |
S1385894720310925 | There is growing evidence on the importance of the redox properties of biochar for many environmental applications . However its variability and the difficulty in controlling its redox properties could be delaying the use of biochar in those areas that involve the exchange of electrons like microbial fuel cells or contaminant degradation related to microbial electron shuttling . To help with these issues we produced a wide range of biochars showing different redox capacities through a variety of strategies . These include optimizing production and processing parameters feedstock selection preloading biomass with redox active metals and post pyrolysis treatments . A modified Hummers method was the most efficient treatment increasing the electron donating capacity from 0.244mmol e | A variety of approaches were tested to enhance the redox properties of biochar. Post pyrolysis modification was able to triplicate the EEC of the original biochar. Surface area pH and conductivity can also be tuned by selecting the right method. Biochar with an acceptable conductivity and EEC was produced for electron shuttling. Tailored designer biochars can be produced to target specific applications. |
S1385894720310937 | The high efficiency separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes are significant to achieve highly photoelectrochemical water redox efficiency . Here we integrate anatase TiO | Anatase TiO. is fabricated with abundant oxygen vacancies by acid treatment. Rutile and anatase TiO. homojunction can avoid the formation of electron trapping sites. Oxygen vacancies increase carrier concentration and enhance the conductivity. ZnFe LDH lowers the onset potential and accelerate surface OER kinetics. r TiO. a TiO. ZnFe LDH exhibits largely promoted performances in the PEC water oxidation. |
S1385894720310949 | Polyurethanes foams are used in a wide variety of applications therefore the quantity of the PUF residues generated is an ecological and environmental problem . Hence the concerns about the disposal of PUF scraps can be minimized by their recycling . Although some companies are already using acidolysis as a chemical route the main degradation mechanisms and chemical reactions involved in this recycling process have received little or no attention . Hence this study aims at contributing to a better understanding of the reaction path involved in the depolymerization of PU . For that purpose PU wastes of flexible foams were depolymerized using succinic acid and the reaction was monitored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy nuclear magnetic resonance and determination of the hydroxyl number OH | The chemical recycling of PUF wastes using succinic acid was successfully achieved. The main degradation paths involved in acidolysis of PUF wastes have been identified. The reaction time at which further studies are required was identified. The recycled polyol was successfully used in the production of rigid PUFs. |
S1385894720310962 | In this study green and high efficient ionic liquids crystal assisted hydrothermal exfoliation method was developed for exfoliation and functionalization of fluorinated graphene . The proposed method was efficient for exfoliating FG from bulk fluorinated graphite at yield reaching 48 . Meanwhile the reliable interaction between FG and ILC led to noncovalent functionalization of exfoliated nanosheets where exfoliated FG suspensions were highly stable at room temperature for more than three months without formation of agglomerates . The tribological properties of exfoliated FG nanosheets were then tested as lubricating additive and showed significant decrease in friction coefficient by 82 when compared to pure water . On the other hand well dispersed homogeneous FG poly composite film with robust mechanical properties and photothermal effects were fabricated thanks to the excellent dispersibility of the FG nanosheets . | A novel one step hydrothermal preparation of fluorinated graphene assisted by ionic liquid crystal is proposed. The simultaneous exfoliation and functionalization of fluorinated graphene was achieved. Fluorinated graphene exhibit excellent remarkable lubrication behavior in water. A well dispersed homogeneous FG PVA composite film with robust mechanical property and photothermal effects were fabricated. |
S1385894720310974 | We present a novel procedure for surface modification of boehmite nanoparticles via tanning inspired coating . The impact of tannic acid coated boehmite as a nanofiller on preparation of nanocomposite membranes were evaluated in terms of wettability permeability membrane morphology and fouling resistance capability . The surface morphology and chemical structure of TA BM PES blend membranes were investigated by SEM AFM measurement of contact angle and pore structure FTIR and XRD analysis . Both of surface hydrophilicity and permeation flux of pure water improved significantly with incorporating of TA BM nanofiller . The SEM image exhibited the wider finger like pore of TA BM PES embedded membranes compared to bare PES membrane . The AFM image analysis indicated that the roughness parameters of membranes reduced remarkably in presence of TA BM nanostructures . In order to assessment of nanofiltration performance the removal capability of Direct Red 16 and licorice dye was studied . The results revealed that the TA BM embedded membranes possessed superior dye removal capability in comparison of bare membrane . The antifouling performance tests of membranes studied by protein rejection . It was shown that the best antifouling performance was belonged to 0.5wt TA BM PES blend membrane FRR 96.4 R | A novel tanning inspired coating is suggested to surface modification of boehmite. Hydrophilicity and surface softness was improved in novel embedded membranes. The significant increment of permeability was observed in TA BM PES membranes. The novel membranes show antifouling performance toward licorice and Direct Red. |
S1385894720310986 | Tremendous interests have been aroused in exploring efficient and readily prepared barcode particles with information coding and specific identification features for biomedical analytical applications . Here we propose a novel type of barcode for optical encoding and fluorescence enhancement via depositing quantum dots on natural pollens intermediated by a polyelectrolyte layer . The exquisite prickly surface morphology and an intrinsic high surface to volume ratio of the pollens resulted in a fluorescence enhancement due to which a much lower detection limit was reached . Besides the easily tunable fluorescence peak and intensity of QDs and the repeatable deposition process allowed for the generation of coding combinations for the simultaneous determination of multiple targets . These features endow the QD coated pollens extraordinary barcodes for applications in multiplexed bioassays . | A natural pollen derived multicolor barcode is fabricated for multiplexed bioassays. The layer by layer method was used to deposite quantum dots on natural pollens. Pollens exhibit prickly surface morphology and an intrinsic high surface to volume ratio. The as prepared barcode possessed an enhanced fluorescence signal and a lower detection limit. Tuning layers of fluorescence peak and intensity of QDs can obtain various coding combinations. |
S1385894720310998 | In recent years metal free carbocatalysis and persulfate based advanced oxidation processes have appealed much attention due to the high efficiency and environmental sustainability . This study aimed to investigate catalytic performance of carbon nanofibers on persulfate for removal of 2 4 dichlorophenol and elucidate the intrinsic mechanism of PS activation . Singlet oxygen | generation was the dominant pathway for nonradical activation of PS using CNF. Defective edges and vacancies were respectively favorable to electron transfer and PS adsorption. Higher state density and lower work function led to a lower electron excitation energy barrier. |
S1385894720311001 | Environmentally friendly organic adsorbents with strong stability magnetic property and great adsorption capacity for heavy metals have obtained great attention recently . We developed the citric acid and Fe | The MSB had the adsorption capacities of 33mgg. for Cd and 117mgg. for Pb. The adsorption of Cd and Pb by MSB was attributed to increased carboxyl and Fe3O4. The presence of Pb decreased the removal rate of Cd by 5.123.1 by MSB. Calcium and Mg decreased the removal rates of Cd by 8.415.3 and Pb by 3.76.8 . The MSB can be used for Cd and Pb removal in aqueous systems for at least 3 cycles. |
S1385894720311025 | The mobility of liquid droplets is essential for microanalysis and reaction processes . Through previous efforts many materials and devices have been developed for controlling tiny droplets . Adjusting the external force drive of the droplet and the structure of the material surface are the main research direction at present but the corresponding time of some materials is longer or direction control is inflexible the direction is controllable the operation is flexible and the response speed is fast which can improve the practical application in this regard . Inspired by the anisotropic wettability of the butterfly wings we have developed a micromechanical device with integrated meshes with double different superwettability tracks which can mechanically adjust the comprehensive wettability by a rational rotating of a layer of superhydrophilic track and a layer of superhydrophobic track and further control the pinning and sliding of the droplets . The method provides a micromechanical manipulation device with a rotatable attachment which can be used to release and transfer single or multiple tiny droplets simultaneously in situ . Quick response low production cost and convenient operation methods provide the possibility for large scale production and use of droplet manipulation devices and a broad application in droplet transport drug delivery and microfluidics . | A device using a biomimetic surface to manipulate water droplets was fabricated. The device showed a short response time for adjusting the wettability. The pinning volume and liquid movement direction are controllable. No external energy is required. |
S1385894720311037 | Two dimensional MXene as an important member of the emerging 2D nanomaterials has received much attention in recent years especially in energy related fields . Unfortunately the controllable synthesis of high purity MXenes in a scalable way is still a challenge due to the usual utilization of hazardous etching agents . It is highly desired that a simple controllable and effective approach is available for producing MXene in a green manner . In this work an innovative thermal reduction strategy is proposed for the fabrication of MXenes from the corresponding sulfur containing MAX phases in which the weakly bonded S atoms react with hydrogen to form a volatile gas and leave 2D graphene like Ti | An innovative thermal reduction strategy was proposed for the fabrication of MXenes from sulfur containing MAX phases. This synthetic method was efficient environmentally friendly and easy for industrial scale production. The resulting 2D MXene was verified to be a promising anode material for electrochemical Li. ion storage. |
S1385894720311049 | Creating coal based new materials and finding their new applications are important for sustainable chemistry and engineering of coals . Here we prepared a new kind of coal derived three dimensional graphitic porous carbon for form stable composite phase change materials . The ultrathin graphitic walls of this material enhanced thermal conductivity and shape stability . This hierarchical porous material exhibits a specific surface area of 1351m | Graphitic porous carbon with hierarchical porosity and ultrathin graphitic walls was prepared from coal. The porous carbon was developed as supporter of form stable phase change materials for thermal storage. High thermal storage capacity was obtained even higher than theoretical value. Enhanced thermal conductivity and high shape stability were obtained for the composite PCMs. |
S1385894720311062 | Development of advanced energetic materials with promising properties has been intensely pursued over the past decades . However traditional strategies for integrating fuel skeleton and oxidizing groups into an organic molecule are very difficult to balance the contradictory relationship between high energy and low sensitivity of energetic materials . In this work we present a promising approach to develop advanced energetic materials through intermolecular assembly of nitrogen rich triazine energetic compounds and high energy oxidants . Under the direction of electrostatic potential and proton affinity calculations a novel energetic compound 2 4 6 triamino 1 3 5 triazine 1 3 dioxide was rationally designed and synthesized . The easy and effective self assembly of TTDO with high energy oxidants afforded a series of novel advanced energetic materials with a good balance between energy and sensitivity . Among these self assembled energetic materials TTDOP a self assembled energetic material between TTDO and HClO | Assembling fuel explosives with oxidants for developing novel energetic materials. A novel fuel rich explosive TTDO was designed and synthesized. TTDOP showed good energy safety balance and enhanced combustion behavior. |
S1385894720311074 | The construction of flexible all polymer based conductive aerogels for piezoresistive pressure sensors is often hindered by a trade off between robust mechanical properties and elastic responsive conductivity . Here a highly flexible and compressible conductive aerogel was fabricated by integrating poly poly with polyimide through facile strategies of freeze drying and thermal annealing . With a controlled ratio of the two components the composite demonstrates a well ordered and interconnected porous structure composed of | Flexible and compressible conductive hybrid aerogels of PEDOT PSS PI were fabricated. The hybrid displayed well ordered. porous structure linked with fibrils. The hybrid aerogel exhibited stable and linearly piezoresistive responses. It retained good compressive sensitivity and durable stability in severe environments. |
S1385894720311086 | After cow manure undergoes anaerobic fermentation process it still contains several pollutants such as nitrogen phosphorus and organic matter . If not treated properly these pollutants would cause secondary pollution . Membrane aerated biofilm reactor has been widely used to handle the wastewater with high concentration contaminants . In this study MABR was utilized to treat the cow manure anaerobic fermentation effluence . In order to avoid incomplete biofilm being affected by high concentration of CMAFE a gradient dilution of CMAFE was employed . The removal rates of NH | MABR was employed to the treatment of CMAFE. The gradual dilution was adopted to avoid the biofilm affected seriously CMAFE. Inner and outer biofilm in MABR was investigated. RDA was adopted to investigate the relationship among environmental variables bacteria and pollutants removal. |
S1385894720311098 | The accurate detection of myoglobin in human serum plays a crucial role in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction . This work presents a novel impedimetric aptasensor for sensitive and selective detection of Myo in which bimetallic MnCo oxide nanohybrids represented by MnO | MnO. CoO. hybrids with varying morphologies were derived from the bimetallic PBA. A simple anchoring platform was developed for myoglobin determination. The developed aptsensor exhibits good sensitivity selectivity and stability. The aptasensor also possesses reproducibility and acceptability in human serum. The aptamer anchoring platform can be universal for other aptamers. |
S1385894720311116 | In this study B doped graphitic porous biochar was prepared and used to activate peroxydisulfate for the removal of sulfamethoxazole . Experimental and theoretical results revealed that the introduction of boron species not only act as Lewis acid sites enhanced the surface affinity towards PDS but also modulate the electronic structure of carbon matrix evidently increase the electron transfer rate and thus result in an excellent catalytic capacity . More importantly owing to the high stability boron sites B KBC endows a superior long term durability in comparison with popular N doped carbon catalysts . Given the uncertainty of quenching experiments the electron paramagnetic resonance materials balance calculation combined with electrochemical measures confirmed the biochar mediated electron transfer mechanism rather than | Only around 50 of PDS was decomposed by the B doped graphitic porous biochar. Porous structure was formed by KOH activation. Boron species act as Lewis acid sites enhanced the surface affinity towards PDS. B doping modulate electronic structure and increase the electron transfer rate. Electron transfer mechanism rather than. dominated in the redox system. |
S1385894720311128 | Transformation from photocatalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to photocatalytic dehydrogenation of ethane is an attractive process . A series of Pd TiO | The transformation between PDHE and PODHE is realized over Pd TiO. Small Pd particle is easily reduced and it affects CB and VB of Pd TiO. No CO. reduction is found on Pd particles smaller than 3nm with a high Pd. Pd. selective formation is related to the type and the number of active sites. |
S138589472031113X | Zwitterionic super hydrophilic polymers showed fascinating prospects because of their excellent biocompatibility and antifouling characteristics . However their commercial development and the application in different fields were limited by their tedious preparation process unsatisfactory reproducibility and performance . In this study a rapid fabrication approach based on a sole monomer system ethyl | Zwitterionic super hydrophilic polymer is rapid fabrication via sole monomer system. The preparation strategy turns out to be very simple time saving and reproducible. The polymer combines the advantages of phospholipid layer and hydrophilic material. It exhibits excellent enrichment capacity for. glycopeptides or C reactive protein. Binding sites of the polymer and C reactive protein are explore for the first time. |
S1385894720311141 | Metallic lithium is considered as the optimal anode material for the high energydensity rechargeable lithium based battery . However the commercial application of Li metal anode is plagued by uncontrollable dendrites growth and unstable SEI layer derived from the nonuniform nucleation and undesired deposition process . Herein a hybrid 3D porous Ni foam current collector decorated by nanostructured lithiophilic layer of interconnected NiF | NiF. @Ni foam was prepared via a succinct fluorination strategy. LiF enriched SEI layer can be in situ formed through the reaction between NiF. and Li . @NF composite anodes exhibit excellent stability in both symmetry battery and full cell. |
S1385894720311153 | Hierarchical anisotropic superparticles derived from the controlled assembly of individual plasmonic nanoparticles have been recognized as promising building blocks for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy nanosensors . Thus the protocols that precisely control the near field coupling of individual plasmonic nanoparticles and the diffusion of highly diluted analytes to the plasmonic surface are of great interests . Herein we have synthesized a series of aromatic amphiphilic block copolymers named as polyarylene ether nitrile containing a hydrophobic backbone of aromatic moieties with hydrophilic sulfonate carboxyl and cyano groups in the side chain . Next the surfactant stabilized water in oil reverse emulsion is constructed to induce the confined self assembly of amPEN leading to the formation of functional micro reactors for the | Aromatic amphiphilic block copolymer named of amPEN has been synthesized. AmPEN based micro reactors are obtained via reverse emulsion self assembly. Silver nanoparticles Ag NPs are synthesized in the obtained micro reactors. Ag NPs are self assembled into 300nm cube like plasmonic superstructures PSP . Chlorpyrifos is detected via the optimized PSP SERS substrate. |
S1385894720311165 | Till date the lithium ion battery still remains the principal and most widely studied rechargeable energy storage device . However drawbacks including insufficient rate and cycling performance are hindering its further development . The aforementioned drawbacks can be attributed to the unstable interface and sluggish charge storage kinetics of electrode materials . Hence endowing electrode materials with stable interface and rapid ion electron diffusion kinetics are effective methods to solve these problems . Herein by tuning the antihunt interface a high capacity self adaptive | The. nanocages are fabricated by the self template method. This Li. battery presents high reversible capacity and long term stability. The lithium storage mechanism is confirmed by advanced characterization techniques. |
S1385894720311189 | The phase equilibria of hydrate are necessary to study the gas control production from marine sediments . Considering the abundance of chloride salts in the ocean the phase equilibrium conditions of CH | Equilibrium data of CH. hydrate in chloride salt solutions are detected by the isochoric method. The Chen Guo model coupled with Hu Lee Sum correlation are used for hydrate prediction. The reliability of the experimental data is validated by three thermodynamic consistency criteria. The proposed model is successfully verified by the experimental data. |
S1385894720311207 | This manuscript presents a scientometric analysis on the studies performed on the application of biochar for soil amendment in order to investigate the research and developments in this field and to identify the existing gaps to provide recommendations for future studies . A total of 2982 bibliographic records were retrieved from the Web of Science database using appropriate sets of keywords and these were analyzed based on the criteria of authors publishing journals citations received contributing countries institution and categories in research and development . Based on these data progress of research was mapped to identify the scientific status such as current scientific and technological trends as well as the knowledge gaps . The majority of scientific developments started in the early 2000s and accelerated considerably after 2014 . China and USA are the leading countries in the application of biochar for the treatment of soils . Among the active journals Plant and Soil has received the highest number of citations . This study attempts for a comprehensive discussion and understanding on scientific advances as well as the progress made especially in recent years . | Scientific status in the application of biochar asa soil amendment is explored. 2982 bibliographic records from the Web of Science are analyzed critically. The results assist to identify the current trends and the existing knowledge gaps. Recommendations for the future studies are provided. The results can be used by various parties such as governments and academics. |
S1385894720311219 | In this study we investigated the dynamic characteristics of bubbles in a vibrated airflow force field and the mechanism under which the vibration energy restrains the bubble motion in the bubble fluidization state using digital image processing and signal analysis . Through a comparative analysis of the pressure drop signal and the bubble characteristic images the results show that the bubble coalescence causes a sudden peak value of the pressure drop signal and fracturing causes a decrease of the pressure drop signal . When the bed is fully fluidized the high amplitude pressure drop signal is mainly distributed in the range of 012Hz and the amplitude range is 4801354Pa . During the violent bubbling of bed the amplitude of pressure drop signal in the frequency range of 012Hz decreases and the frequency band of the high amplitude pressure drop signal shifts to a high frequency band . The introduction of vibration energy significantly influences on the dynamic behavior of bubbles and when the vibration frequency is | The dynamic characteristics of bubbles in the vibration airflow force field were quantitatively investigated. The pressure signals caused by the bubble movement coalescence and fracture were identified and extracted. The time average distribution characteristics of void fractions in the VFB were studied. |
S1385894720311220 | Nanozymes are attractive alternatives to natural enzymes due to their high stability and low cost . However it is still a great challenge to acquire highly active specific and multi functional nanozyme catalysts for chemo biosensing and peroxymonosulfate activation to degrade toxic dye pollutants . Metal organic frameworks are attractive templates to construct multi functional catalysts . Herein Co | Co. @Co Fe oxide DSNCs is derived from ZIF 67 and Co Fe Prussian blue analogue. Co. @Co Fe oxide shows higher peroxidase like activity than Co. and Co Fe oxide. Co. @Co Fe oxide DSNCs show high PMS activating ability to degrade dye in water. A sensitive chemo biosensing assay for H. and AChE with wide linear range. Recyclability of Co. @Co Fe oxide for AF degradation keeps 92.3 up to 10 cycles. |
S1385894720311244 | Since biomagnification takes place in food chains cadmium contamination in paddy fields has aroused substantial concern . The remediation of soil cadmium by amendment addition has been commonly implemented in agriculture . However for sustainable development this technology still has unclear microbial and metabolic effects . In the present study a 3 month in situ field scale experiment was performed to clarify how five compound amendments with different pH values affect the Cd concentration soil microbes and metabolic activities related to Cd transformation . Compared with the control treatment CK1 the five amendments noticeably decreased the content of soil available Cd which was lowest in alkaline treatments . In the acidic treatment the Shannon diversity was reduced in both June and September whereas the abundant genera related to ammonia oxidation namely | Lower pH was conducive to the intracellular Cd accumulation in microbes. Sulfate dissimilation effected the extracellular Cd immobilization negligibly. Nitrogen fixation microorganisms mediated the extracellular complexation of Cd. |
S1385894720311256 | The potential toxic issue of lead content is still a problem for prohibiting the commercialization of lead halide perovskite solar cells . As an element of group 14 metals tin is the most likely substitute for lead element in perovskites . However Sn based PSCs still suffer from the low power conversion efficiency because Sn | A new organic cation ethylammonium is successfully incorporated into CH. NH. SnI. MASnI. . High quality of Sn based perovskite film is obtained via EAI incorporation. Devices with EAI incorporation show remarkably enhanced efficiency and stability. |
S1385894720311268 | Transition metals to activate peroxymonosulfate has promising prospect to remove emerging organic contaminants among which copper is an alternative because of its relatively high regulated concentration in drinking water and wide use of organic copper pesticide . Cu shows good performance on the activation of PMS while Cu is reported to have no ability to activate PMS which is the most stable valent in natural environment . In this study degradation of bisphenol A by Cu PMS process was significantly enhanced with involvement EGCG because Cu was transformed to Cu and chelated by EGCG . Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the impacts of Cu EGCG and PMS concentration and co existing components including natural organic matters alkalinity and chloride ion . The impacts of solution pH and dissolved oxygen on BPA degradation were also evaluated to interpret the roles of Cu and superoxide radical in Cu EGCG PMS process and the generated concentration of Cu was determined . Possible generation pathway of Cu were also proposed . By quenching experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis hydroxyl radical and sulfate radical in Cu EGCG PMS process were confirmed to be main contributors for BPA degradation . Furthermore transformation products of BPA were identified and their respective eco toxicities were calculated . This work aims to unravel the interaction of EGCG and Cu and provide a deep insight to the copper conversion in the presence of EGCG and PMS . | Cu I showed better performance than Fe II to activate peroxymonosulfate. EGCG can accelerate copper conversion from Cu II to Cu I . play an important role during BPA degradation in Cu II EGCG PMS process. SO. HO. and Cu III are main contributor to BPA degradation in this process. |
S138589472031127X | Two dimensional metallic nanosheets and mesoporous nanostructures attract increasing attentions in fields of energy conversion and storage due to their own different structural advantages . However integration of their structural advantages into bimetallic or multimetallic systems for constructing highly efficient catalysts by facile methods is still a challenge yet greatly desired . Herein we propose a feasible one pot strategy for the synthesis of mesoporous IrAu nanovesicles . The synthesis could be achieved by co reduction of metal precursors in the presence of formic acid as reducing agent and poly styrene | Mesoporous IrAu nanovesicles are successfully fabricated by a one pot synthetic strategy. Mesoporous IrAu nanovesicles exhibit Pt like catalytic activity for ORR in alkaline conditions. Mesoporous IrAu nanovesicles show enhanced catalytic durability and improved methanol tolerance. |
S1385894720311281 | Ion exchange is a promising technology to remove hexavalent chromium Cr and nitrate from groundwater however its wide application is challenged by a costly disposal of spent brine . This study developed a novel photochemical process utilizing reductive carbon centered radicals to remove Cr and nitrate in IX spent brine . In the presence of formate or alcohol additives photolysis of nitrate in spent brine generated highly reductive carbon centered radicals including CO | Carbon centered radicals was utilized to reduce Cr VI and nitrate in IX spent brine. Formate radical CO. exhibited superior performance for Cr VI removal. Increasing formate dosage and decreasing pH enhanced Cr VI reduction. High levels of chloride scavenged HO and inhibited Cr VI removal. Complete removal of total dissolved chromium and nitrogen was achieved. |
S138589472031130X | Metal biochar composite is considered as a promising alternative for future carbocatalysis in environmental decontamination . Nevertheless unavoidable metal leaching impedes its scaling up application and remains an environmental concern in the present scientific progress . Herein a hierarchical Fe biochar derived from cellulose was fabricated | Tartaric acid was accommodated on hierarchical Fe biochar as electron shuttle. Introduction of tartaric acid could mitigate the Fe leaching of biochar composite. CO C C redox cycle promoted a two phase mechanism in the peroxymonosulfate activation. Improved catalyst recyclability of Fe biochar composite enhanced its environmental sustainability. |
S1385894720311311 | Highly performance fogdrop collection is of great practical importance in addressing the worldwide water shortages especially in arid regions . Although great progresses have been made to solve this problem there still are challenges in developing high performance fogdrop collecting systems to satisfy efficient fogdrop capturing and fast transport simultaneously which are two critical factors that determine the collection efficiency . The well evolved water collecting capacity of creatures that adapt to the harsh environment provides a great inspiration for the design of efficient collection systems . Here inspired by the unique hierarchical structures and the excellent fogdrop collection ability of wheat awn artificial awn like hierarchical systems are developed via a precision 3D printing strategy which exhibit excellent fogdrop capture and fast transport . The presence of hierarchical structure composed of conical spine gradient microgrooves and oriented thorns enables the fogdrop collection to transform from dropwise mode on the thorns to filmwise one on the spine . Furthermore the collection efficiency of such a bioinspired system is 5.90g cm | A series of wheat awn like systems are printed in a programmable manner. The hierarchical system exhibits excellent capture and transport towards fogdrop. Each substructure and their synergy are evaluated for efficient collection. Anticipated for effective fog collecting devices in various assembled forms. |
S1385894720311323 | Zero valent aluminum has attracted considerable attention in degradation of organic contaminants and reduction of heavy metal ions due to its very low redox potential E | Al was modified by soaking Al powder in water and then heat treating in vacuum. Modified Al has a high rate in reduction of Cr VI to Cr III ions in solution. Modified Al exhibited an excellent recyclability in removing Cr VI . XPS indicated that Al surface passive oxide films become thin after modification. |
S1385894720311335 | Efficient modulation of the site selection of activators is of great significance for designing high performance phosphors . Herein we report that site selective occupation of Eu | Realizing a novel full visible spectrum phosphor K. BaCa PO. BO. 0.03Eu. Effectively control the site selective occupation of Eu. activator using anion group cosubstituion strategy. Revealing new insights hidden behind the site selective occupation of Eu. activator. A prototype WLED utilizing only this full visible spectrum phosphor shows excellent color quality Ra 90.4 and R9 93.8 . |
S1385894720311347 | The interfacial property of cathode materials in Li ion batteries plays a vital role for the mass transport in electrochemical process . In this paper Li | Li. RuO. is first reported as coating material for LLOs. LRO layer could form electronic ionic highways on the surface of cathode material. The interfacial stability and conductivity of cathode material were enhanced. The electrochemical performance was greatly improved after incorporation of LRO. |
S1385894720311359 | A hydrogen recycling electrochemical system can be used for energy efficient removal of TAN from wastewater . When a current is applied a concentration gradient of cations builds up between catholyte and feed solution . When no current is applied cations Na | Hydrogen recycling electrochemical system was used for ammonium removal. Exploiting Donnan Dialysis for ammonia recovery via cation exchange with ammonium. In continuous operation Donnan Dialysis did not clearly affect ammonium removal. In batch operation Donnan Dialysis increased the ammonium removal by 10 . The system was more energy efficient compared to previous studies. |
S1385894720311360 | Multinary metal oxide semiconductor based gas sensors have great potentials to attain outstanding selectivity comparing with binary metal oxides owing to their abundant structure types . While doping is a very versatile route to modify the electronic structure of MOSs and enhance the sensing response to specific gas . Inspired by the encouraging results of Mo doped in the BiVO | The sensing properties of Mo doped BiVO. were investigated for the first time. 0.2 at Mo doped BiVO. possess the best gas sensing properties to H. S at 150C. The introduced Mo in BiVO. can adjust conductivity and induce the oxygen vacancy. |
S1385894720311384 | In this research the SAPO 34 nanocatalyst has been improved in order to produce biodiesel as a green fuel . According to large molecules of free fatty acids and difficulty in the diffusion of these molecules through small pores of SAPO 34 the active charcoal secondary template was used to create meso and macro pores . Also in order to increase acidic strength and density of active sites CeO | Potential use of secondary template on increasing of pore diameter and porosity. Enhanced effect of ultrasound irradiation power on dispersion of ceria on SAPO 34. Acidic improvement of mesopore SAPO 34 by ceria dispersion. Potential application of nano ceria decorated SAPO 34 in green fuel production. Kinetics consideration of esterification reaction on nano ceria decorated SAPO 34. |
S1385894720311396 | Tin and antimony with layered structure is proposed for the first time for the exceptional anode of potassium ion batteries . The Sn Sb with a layer structure significantly alleviates the structural damage and material pulverization caused by volume expansion during the reaction of potassium ions with metal atoms in the form of insertions improving the cycling stability of PIBs . Owing to the unique structure the material can achieve a high capacity of 296mAhg | Synthesize Sn Sb layered structure material for the first time. Excellent electrochemical performance and stability. Potassium ions react with metals in the form of insertions. It opens up a new line of thought expanding research into unknown areas. |
S1385894720311402 | Highly crystalline boron nitride nanotubes having multi walls and a small diameter were synthesized using a triple DC thermal plasma reactor with hydrogen injection . Triple torch configuration not only generates larger high temperature regions than single torch but also allow precursors to directly penetrate the core of the plasma flame the hottest area in the reactor . A triple torch increases the productivity of BNNT synthesis by preventing the flow of precursors into the rim of plasma flame a problem that occurs with single torch due to the high velocity and viscosity of the central flame . The role of hydrogen in the growth of BNNTs was analyzed by thermodynamic equilibrium reaction calculations and numerical analysis of thermal flow in the system . The reaction calculations revealed that hydrogen facilitates the formation of NH NH | Boron nitride nanotubes were synthesized using direct current thermal plasma. Triple torch configuration was applied to synthesis reactor. Role of hydrogen was analyzed chemically and physically. A superior yield of 0.59g hkW for boron nitride nanotubes was achieved. |
S1385894720311414 | Oxygen evolution reaction remains the bottleneck of many energy transformation and storage technologies due to the sluggish kinetics . Transition metal hydroxide nanosheets with high valent TM ions possess high intrinsic catalytic activity toward OER . Herein by taking advantage of the inductive effect this work presents a facile and universal strategy to fabricate atomic iridium incorporated TM hydroxide nanosheets as highly active OER electrocatalysts . As a representative the fabricated Ir Ni | Atomic Ir incorporated Ni OH. nanosheet was fabricated via a facile precipitation method. The inductive effect between Ni and Ir in Ir Ni OH. nanosheets promotes the generation of high valent Ni. The fabricated catalyst exhibits remarkable OER performance in 1M KOH aqueous solution. The present method is simple and universal to synthesize other highly efficient OER electrocatalysts. |
S1385894720311438 | Precious metal free bifunctional catalysts offer scalable possibilities for achieving oxygen cathodes in rechargeable metal air batteries . Literature thus far suggests that the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions take place at different active sites . However the design and preparation of oxygen electrocatalysts with high performance is still a great challenge . This work develops a general approach to introduce a nanoparticle that offers oxygen evolution reaction sites onto an oxygen reduction reaction catalyst via rapid microwave treatment . The metalorganic frameworks derived Co N C with high ORR performance is employed as a support to homogeneously disperse OER active Ni | A efficient microwave assisted approach is introduced to fabricate Ni. Fe Co N C. Ni. Fe nanoparticles are highly dispersed on ZIF 67 derived matrix. A Pt C comparable ORR activity and IrO. superior OER performance is achieved. Ni. Fe Co N C exhibits satisfactory performance for the wearable Zn air battery. |
S1385894720311451 | are often employed to enhance the stability of iron oxides oxygen carriers but the reactivity is compromised for the dilution of the active phase . Here we report several iron oxides supported by ionic conducting gadolinium doped cerium oxides for efficient chemical looping hydrogen production . The results show that GDC support can simultaneously improve redox stability and activity . Specifically the produced Fe | The effect of different supports is compared. GDC support improves oxide ion diffusion in the bulk. Enhanced chemical looping water splitting performance is obtained by Fe. GDC 30. |
S1385894720311463 | The design and construction of superior electrocatalysts based on covalent organic frameworks for oxygen reduction reaction have attracted increasing interest . However COFs typically exhibit low electrocatalytic activity as a result of their poor electrical conductivity . In this study a highly graphitic nitrogen doped porous carbon electrocatalyst | COF derived N doped graphitic carbon heterostructures were constructed. MOF derived. with core shell structure were used as sacrificial templates. Excellent structural characteristics of. C were found to be ideal for ORR. manifested an outstanding ORR performance. |
S1385894720311475 | The direct synthesis of dimethyl ether from synthesis gas via methanol as an intermediate is a promising option for implementation of the Power to X concept involving the storage of renewable electrical energy via hydrogen or synthesis gas in synthetic fuels or chemicals . The STD reaction shifts the equilibrium conversion dictated by thermodynamics to higher values compared to methanol synthesis alone at given conditions . Notwithstanding proper catalyst materials and a suitable configuration have to be found that would support high CO conversion as well as high DME selectivity . In this work different catalyst configurations obtained by combining CuO ZnO Al | Particulate and planar catalyst configurations are modelled for the STD reaction. A crystallite pore network model is adapted to describe the catalytic configurations. For the different configurations the accordant optimum catalyst ratio is presented. Porosity in structured catalysts strongly effects CO conversion and DME selectivity. Best performance by hybrid configurations of close proximity and planar double layer. |
S1385894720311487 | Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes represent an efficient and promising strategy for dealing with the ever growing water pollution . Meanwhile carbocatalysis has long and widely been applied in the fields of synthesis and catalysis because of high activity and selectivity . In this work we combined the advantages of these two methods and for the first time proposed a conceptual new novel and promising approach of electrochemical driven carbocatalysis as highly efficient AOPs for water remediation which was simply performed by adding carbon based particles into the electrochemical system . This method shows great potentials for the simultaneous removal of both humic acid and Cr in water in which HAC was effectively mineralized with a TOC removal efficiency as high as 90 and Cr was completely removed with a total Cr removal beyond 90 . The presence of carbon particulate materials and their physicochemical properties were first indicated to play critical roles in the developed electrochemical AOPs . These added carbonaceous particles such as activated carbon and a series of modified AC materials on one side exerted an important carbocatalytic function with typical AOPs features and on another side they behaved like numerous galvanic cells with quasi homogeneous catalytic properties greatly facilitating mass and electron transfers in the electrochemical system and resulting in a synergistic effect for the removal of combined pollutants . The physicochemical properties of these carbon particulate catalysts facilitated the simultaneous occurrence of adsorption and carbocatalysis where a synergistic effect between adsorption and catalytic oxidation was confirmed in this electrochemical driven carbocatalysis system . Moreover the catalytic performances and mechanisms of this system were found to be dependent on the carbon structures . Very importantly the energy effective feature and the carbon materials stability showed a promising prospect of this approach with energy consumption much lower than the ever reported electrochemical AOPs . This work details the first insight into electrochemical driven carbocatalysis and provides a new green and promising approach for effective water remediation as well as gives new evidence for the synergistic effect between adsorption and catalytic oxidation . | A novel carbonaceous particles promoted electrochemical AOPs was first proposed. Simultaneous removal of HAC and Cr VI was effectively achieved by this method. This work detailed the first insight into electrochemical driven carbocatalysis. A synergistic effect of adsorption and catalytic reaction occurred in the system. Catalytic performances and mechanisms were indicated dependent on the AC structures. |
S1385894720311499 | Discoloration events in drinking water distribution systems caused by iron oxide particles have occurred worldwide but the mechanism of organic pollutant accumulation by iron based particles in DWDSs has not yet been fully recognized . Here iron particle dominated loose deposits were collected from a real DWDS through pipe flushing . Also FeOOH based particles as an important component of deposits were grown with various coexisting substances to further simulate the influence of structure on accumulation effects . Here we found that the presence of cations including Al | Iron based particles could have various structure transformations in DWDS. The FeOOH organic particles had higher specific area and more oxygen containing groups. The FeOOH organic particles had stronger pollutant accumulation. Hydrogen bonding played an important role in accumulation effects of FeOOH particles. |
S1385894720311505 | Developing highly active and durable electrocatalysts with low cost for the oxygen reduction reaction is of paramount importance for promoting economical and high performance Al air batteries . Herein nitrogen doped carbon decorated with FeCo nanoparticles catalysts is prepared by a low cost and facile approach employed Prussian blue analogue and dicyandiamide as precursors . The obtained catalyst exhibits remarkable ORR activity with an onset potential and a high half wave potential as well as superior stability in alkaline conditions . The outstanding electrocatalytic performance of electrocatalysts might be resulted from the hierarchical porous structure and synergetic effect between FeCo alloy and N doped graphitic carbon species . As a demonstration the optimized catalysts are employed as the cathode catalysts in a Al air battery which shows remarkable discharge performance with higher open circuit voltage of 1.67V and large power density of 98.62mWcm | N doped graphitic carbon embedded with FeCo nanoparticles has been prepared. The PD 800 is an efficient ORR catalyst and comparable with Pt C. Al air battery for PD 800 surpasses that of Pt C catalyst. |
S1385894720311517 | A molecular design having t butyl groups surrounding a donor acceptor type core structure was developed as an approach to obtain high external quantum efficiency by suppressing concentration quenching effect caused by strong intermolecular interaction . The donor acceptor type core structure was surrounded by six t butyl groups to separate the donor acceptor core structure between molecules . A heptazine acceptor and a diphenylamine donor based thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitter protected by the multiple t butyl units achieved maximum external quantum efficiency of 32.6 at 1 doping concentration and 23.0 even at a high doping concentration of 20 by reducing concentration quenching effect . Furthermore the lifetime of the thermally activated delayed fluorescent devices was also improved relative to that of the previous emitter with the same acceptor . The external quantum efficiency and device lifetime are better than any other results reported in the orange TADF OLEDs . | High external quantum efficiency of 32.6 at 1 doping concentration. High external quantum efficiency by suppressing concentration quenching effect caused by strong intermolecular interaction. A heptazine acceptor and a diphenylamine donor based thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitter. |
S1385894720311529 | Exploring cost effective and high efficiency electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction is critical for renewable energy conversion and storage . Herein we report a novel and high efficiency OER catalyst by simply interface engineering of CoP nanosheets and CeO | A novel CoP CeO. heterostructure is developed by the selective phosphidation of Co OH. CeO. precursor. CoP CeO. heterostructure possesses abundant interface active sites and oxygen vacancies. CoP CeO. heterostructure exhibits outstanding performance towards oxygen evolution reaction. A Zn air battery with CoP CeO. Pt C as air cathode shows impressive long life cycling stability. |
S1385894720311542 | Uranium extraction from seawater has attracted attention owing to the growing demand for nuclear energy . However it remains challenging because of the complexities of the marine environment such as competing metal ions high salinity alkaline pH and continuous biofouling . In this study a new hyperbranched poly modified adsorbent PAO | Hyperbranched. PAMAM is introduced into U adsorbent for the first time. Excellent anti biofouling activity and adsorption capacity are observed. Marine applicability of adsorbents was enhanced via synergy of functional groups. |
S1385894720311554 | To date the application of electrochemical nitrogen fixation into ammonia is severely hindered by the deficiency of high performance electrocatalysts . In this paper a facile approach is proposed for the preparation of MXene Mn | Ultrafine Mn. nanoparticles are confined on MXene nanosheets as superior nitrogen reduction reaction electrocatalyst. Elaborate 0 2D heteroarchitecture is fabricated through facile and versatile van der Waals assembly. Evident synergy effect guarantees commendable activity stability and durability of composite electrocatalyst. |
S1385894720311578 | Nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands is often challenged by limited nitrification due to low oxygen transfer and or limited denitrification due to the lack of carbon source . In this study a novel tidal integrated vertical flow constructed wetland was developed to treat secondary effluent with low chemical oxygen demand total nitrogen ratio raw sewage as a carbon source . Three different mixing ratios of raw sewage to secondary effluent on nitrogen removal performance and microbial community were investigated . The results showed that mixing ratios slightly affected NH | A T IVCW was developed to treat secondary effluent using a cost saving electron donor. Efficient NH. N and TN removal rates were achieved with the C N ratio of 2.35. Partial denitrification anammox PDN AMX played a vital role in nitrogen removal. and. were responsible for PDN AMX in the saturated zone. The T IVCW is an alternative strategy for the treatment of low C N ratio sewage. |
S138589472031158X | The controlled synthesis of ultrathin metal organic framework nanosheets and the rational design of three dimensional aggregates of these nanosheets are vital for electrochemical applications . Herein ultrathin nickel terephthalate nanosheet 3D aggregates were synthesized by a facile one pot hydrothermal method and employed as electrocatalysts for overall urea electrolysis . Surprisingly the thickness of the nanosheets could be controlled by varying the synthesis time . A low dose high resolution transmission electron microscopy technique with spherical aberration corrected TEM was utilized to visualize the crystalline structures of the ultrathin MOF nanosheets . Interestingly 5 nm thick disordered layers were observed at the edges of the ultrathin nanosheets plausibly induced by vacancies that could not be identified with conventional TEM . The 3D aggregates of the ultrathin nanosheets with disordered layers required an ultralow potential of 1.381V for urea oxidation with a current density of 10mAcm | The ultrathin nanosheet 3D aggregates with disordered layers were synthesized. The 3D aggregates with disordered layers show excellent electrolysis activities. The thickness of the nanosheets could be controlled by varying the synthesis time. A low dose HRTEM technique was utilized to visualize the crystalline structures. |
S138589472031161X | The most critical bottleneck of Si anode materials is an inevitable cracking and pulverization of Si nanostructure during electrochemical cycling process resulting in a significant loss of electrical contact and rapid capacity fading . The low temperature thermolytic grafting process at 360400C was employed to produce a conformal carbon coating on a bundle like porous silicon prepared by silver assisted chemical etching . During the thermolytic grafting process polystyrene infiltrated in the por Si was depolymerized into styrenic carbon fragments rich of phenyl moieties . The styrenic carbon fragments were subsequently grafted uniformly on the por Si surface as an ultrathin carbonaceous film of 5nm which was confirmed by transmission electronic microscope X ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy . The polystyrene grafted por Si | Styrenic carbon fragments were grafted on the porous silicon por Si particles via thermolysis of polystyrene. The Si C grafted species rich of phenyl moieties were uniformly coated on the por Si surface. Ultrathin carbonaceous coating prevents the rapid pulverization of Si nanostructure as a strong passivation layer. Thermolytically grafted por Si plays as an excellent lithium storage anode material. |
S1385894720311633 | Gene therapy has been recognized as one of the most potential approaches on cancer treatment field . Arginine rich cell penetrating peptides have attracted enormous interests in gene delivery field due to their superior membrane translocation capability . Herein we developed a novel arginine rich peptide based gene delivery system consisted of tri block copolymers C | An arginine riched peptide as gene vectors. The fluorous chains conferred anti serum capability. The bridge like peptide enhanced cellular uptake efficiency. Good tumor targeting ability and strong anti tumor effects. |
S1385894720311645 | The catalytic elimination of chloroaromatics is the frontier of catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds and the screening of efficient catalysts remains challenging . In this work a series of porous Fe Mn oxides were synthesized | Porous Fe. Mn. oxides are synthesized. a simple template free oxalate route. Fe1Mn1 shows the stronger acid property enhanced redox property and rich in Mn. Fe1Mn1 presents high activity and good durability in CB combustion. CB is oxidized into less toxic products and scarce formation of chlorinated byproduct. Correlations of acidity and reducibility with CB combustion activity were observed. |
S1385894720311657 | In this work four novel hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents were prepared from a combination of menthol or thymol as hydrogen bond acceptors with 1 decanol or 2 methyl 2 4 pentanediol as hydrogen bond donors for the extraction of boron from aqueous solutions . The DESs were characterized in terms of their physical and thermal properties . The DES critical properties were estimated using a group contribution method based on the modified Lydersen Joback Reid and Lee Kesler mixing rules . Later the solvents were evaluated for their capability to extract boron from different aqueous solutions and the extraction and stripping efficiencies were used as performance evaluation criteria . The hydrophobic DES made with MPD showed high extraction efficiency of boron up to 90.1 and 83.2 for Thy MPD and Men MPD respectively . Stripping of boron from the DES phase was done using 0.1M NaOH as stripping solution . Moreover FTIR spectra were recorded before and after extraction of boron to better understand the extraction mechanism . The extraction was due to the complexation between MPD in the DES and boric acid . The hydrophobic DESs offer an environmentally benign alternative as extractants and allow for the use of water miscible diols like MPD in the extraction of boron from aqueous environments such as industrial wastewater or boron rich brines . | Deep eutectic solvents DES are developed for the first time for boron extraction. Hydrophobic DES are prepared with 2 methyl 2 4 pentanediol MPD as hydrogen bond donor. Up to 91 extraction efficiency was achieved by thymol MPD DES. Stable MPD boric acid complexes are responsible for boron extraction. |
S1385894720311669 | Recently the alarming level of pharmaceuticals active compounds pollution has exerted serious threat to the environment . It is important but still a great challenge to develop an effective and efficient adsorbent for PhACs treatment due to their bioaccumulation persistence as well as potential toxicity . Here soft foam like UiO 66 polydopamine bacterial cellulose with three dimensional connected network structure and high hydrophilicity were prepared using biomass BC as scaffold . The uniform coating of UiO 66 nanoparticles with uniform size guarantees high surface area as well as active sites for the adsorption of target pollutants . Excellent adsorption performances are obtained towards aspirin 149mgg | The prepared UiO 66 PDA BC shows three dimensional nanostructure high specific surface area and high hydrophilic. The uniform coating of UiO 66 nanoparticles present cube shape and averaged size of 50nm with uniform size distribution. The foam like aerogel can efficiently adsorb aspirin and tetracycline hydrochloride TC and can be easily recycled. The synergetic effect of chemical adsorption and interaction lead to higher sorption abilities. |
S1385894720311670 | The efficient depolymerization of technical lignin to produce high quality and phenolic monomer rich bio oil is challenging owing to the inherent recalcitrant structure of lignin . In addition the phenolic fragments formed during lignin depolymerization are highly reactive and easily undergo rapid repolymerization to yield undesired heavy oils or char . In the present work we report a new hybrid catalyst of Ru C combined with MgO ZrO | A novel hybrid catalyst of Ru CMgOZrO. for effective depolymerization of lignin is proposed. Ru C mainly catalyzes the reductive depolymerization of lignin to smaller phenols. The role of MgO ZrO. is to suppress recondensation of reactive phenolic fragments. The efficiency of the integrated catalyst is highly dependent on the basicity of MgO ZrO. High calorific 35MJ kg and monophenol rich 32 bio oil is produced with a high yield 80 . |
S1385894720311682 | Industrial production of formic acid requires a highly energy intensive process involving carbonylation of methanol with fossil fuel based CO to methyl formate and subsequent hydrolysis of methyl formate to formic acid . In this study we present a sustainable and selective production of formic acid from methanol reforming using electro synthesized nanoporous nickel iron oxyhydroxide borate thin film | Fe Ni Bi for Photo electroreforming methanol at near neutral pH was developed. Role of iron in improving selectivity and activity of. Fe Ni Bi was uncovered. Integration of. Fe Ni Bi activated BiVO. towards PEC methanol reforming. HCOOH production with 100 selectivity from PEC methanol reforming was realized. |
S1385894720311694 | 2 3 Dimethylmaleic anhydride decorated zinc oxide nanoparticles with doxorubicin and phenylsulfonyl furoxan loaded were designed and prepared through a step by step strategy . Amino terminated ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized in which DOX was encapsulated by forming coordination bonding between DOX and Zn | ZnO based nanospheres capable of releasing multiple therapeutic agents were developed. The charge reversal nanospheres had long blood circulation and enhanced cellular uptake. The nanospheres released therapeutic agents in response to intracellular stimuli. Synergistic cancer therapy with improved efficacy could be achieved using the nanospheres. |
S1385894720311712 | A bio inspired polydopamine molecularly imprinted substrate is fabricated by one step oxidative self polymerization of dopamine and template molecules in weakly alkaline medium on screen printed electrode . Through the catechol and amine groups on PDA surface Au nanoparticles can be easily anchored and growth on PDA MIP coating thereby forming a three dimensional architecture . By adjusting the reaction conditions the particle size and distribution of PDA and AuNPs can be well controlled . Benefiting from the hot spots generated by AuNPs and recognition sites produced by MIP the AuNP PDA MIP nanocomposite can serve as excellent SERS substrate enabling selective enrichment and identification of phthalate plasticizers . Using this substrate an enhancement factor up to 1.7010 | Bioinspired PDA based MIP substrate was fabricated under mild conditions. In situ growth of AuNPs was facially obtained rely on the reduction of PDA coating. Notable SERS enhancement generated by adjusting size distribution of PDA and AuNPs. Template mediated molecular recognition boosts the SERS selectivity and sensitivity. On site SERS detection of phthalate plasticizers in real samples was achieved. |
S1385894720311724 | The design and synthesis of efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for water oxidation are essential to advance water splitting technology which depends on developing earth abundant catalytic materials with rational compositions and structures . Here we propose a facile synthesis of FeNiOOH nanosheets grown on FeNi foam by in situ chemical oxidation as a novel 3D electrode for oxygen evolution reaction . This FeNiOOH FNF electrode shows outstanding electrocatalytic performance in alkaline electrolyte including high OER activity that requires a small overpotential of 252mV to achieve a current density of 10mAcm | FeNiOOH nanosheets are grown via in situ chemical oxidation of 3D FeNi foam FNF . Oxyhydroxide species can directly act as real active catalyst for water oxidation. The FeNiOOH FNF exhibits superior OER performance to commercial IrO. catalyst. The superb catalytic performance owes to rational composition and structure design. |
S1385894720311736 | Nanoscale metal organic frameworks are promising materials for many applications . However for actual applications it is a big challenge to change the brittle MOFs into flexible materials suitable for universal large scale fabrication . Herein we develop a facile universal controllable large scale strategy to fabricate the tightly bonded and flexible nanoMOFs based composites by flexibly controlling the nucleation and growth of nanoMOFs . Based on this universal strategy a series of tightly bonded and flexible | The fabrication method of. is controllable universal and large scale. nanoMOFs are uniformly and tightly bonded on flexible substrate. Retention of ZIF 67 on the. is up to 93.87 after rubbing of 200 cycles. Flexible. of low toxicity has antibacterial wound healing performance. |
S138589472031175X | In this work the nacre like styrene butadiene rubber crumpled graphene nanosheets heater with integrated superior performance including excellent anisotropic conductivity flexible stretchable Joule heating performance and comprehensive mechanical performance is prepared on a large scale by the blade coating technique . The excellent flexible stretchable Joule heating performance almost constant of the saturation temperature at the excitation of 8V suffering 70 strain and 4000 times of bending is originated from the selection of elastic styrene butadiene rubber matrix and introduction of flexible conductive crumpled graphene nanosheets . The excellent comprehensive mechanical performance and the ultrahigh anisotropic conductivity are attributed to the distinctive nacre like structure . Moreover the heating model of the NSGH is proposed and validated that the heating performance can be tailored and forecasted . | Nacre like styrene butadiene rubber crumpled graphene heater is prepared on a large scale. The heater with mechanical anisotropic conductive and flexible stretchable heating properties. Crumpled graphene provides superior flexible stretchable heating performance. Nacre like structure provides excellent mechanical performance and safety. The model regarding the heaters is proposed and validated. |
S1385894720311773 | Methane activation at low temperature remains a major challenge for its utilization in the field of reduction of greenhouse gases and generation of value add products while non thermal plasmas provide a promising catalyst free methane activation approach . In this work an innovative energy pooling mechanism for catalyst free methane activation at low temperature enabled by the nanosecond pulsed non thermal plasma in argon and methane gas mixture is investigated by both optical diagnostic and kinetics modelling . Importantly the evolution of the absolute density of the hydrogen atom at the ground state as a real time and in situ indicator of the methane dissociation degree is measured using the two photon absorption laser induced fluorescence method . A simple zero dimensional reaction kinetics model is built up to perform a quantitative interpretation on the density evolution of active species . Especially a good agreement is achieved between the measured hydrogen atom density and that from the kinetics model validating the reaction pathways of active species . It is demonstrated that except for the direct electron impact dissociation during the pulse on period both the charge transfer between argon ion and methane and the quenching of argon metastable species by methane contribute to a further increase of the hydrogen atom density during the pulse off period i.e . the argon ions and metastable species can function as an energy pooling for the formation of hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon radicals . The innovative mechanism proposed in this work may contribute to the catalyst free and cost effective strategies for methane utilization at low temperature . | Catalyst free approach for activating potent greenhouse gas methane. Nanosecond pulsed plasma enables new reaction pathways at low temperature 300K . Time resolved and in situ measurements for the first time reveal reaction kinetics. Energetic argon species function as an energy pooling for methane activation. |
S1385894720311785 | Sulfachloropyridazine was commonly used as a broad spectrum sulfonamide antibiotic and hard to be removed through traditional sewage treatment process . In this study we developed a simple and controllable strategy to realize | construction of Co OH. nanoparticles decorated urchin like WO. was obtained. Co OH. WO. showed high catalytic activity for removing SCP by PMS activation. Co OH. WO. induced formation of the key PMS activation species CoOH. SCP atoms with high Fukui index. were easily attacked by the SO. and HO |
S1385894720311797 | Lithium metal batteries have attracted remarkable attention because of their high theoretic specific capacity and low redox potential . However the issues including uncontrollable dendritic formation and the highly reactive nature of Li anodes hinder the practical application of lithium metal batteries . Herein LiAl layered double hydroxide modified separators LiAl | LiAl LDH nanoflakes is used to modify the PP membrane for Li metal batteries. Homogeneous interfacial Li flux is regulated through the modified PP separator. Ultra stable battery cycling performance is achieved with the modified PP separator. |
S1385894720311815 | In this work we synthesized highly porous reduced graphene oxide foams presenting augmented antibacterial activity in presence absence of peroxymonosulfate . To date this is the first investigation of photocatalytic PMS disinfection by 3D rGO materials . The foams were prepared through hydrothermal and solvothermal method and analyzed by SEM PXRD FTIR Raman spectroscopy and BET . Hydrothermally synthesized aerogels were better organized and had higher specific surface area . The higher ratio of I | Visible light catalytic activation of PMS by 3D rGO materials was investigated. The degree of functionalities in the aerogels affects the photo catalytic disinfection. inactivation was achieved under visible light exposure via radical and non radical pathways. Addition of PMS brought 5 fold increase on. inactivation under visible light. The shift in inactivation mechanisms were determined using scavenging experiments. |
S1385894720311827 | Traditional infrared radiation control materials such as metallic silver have low infrared emissivity but they are expensive dense and not compatible with absorbing performance in microwave section . Meanwhile the study of traditional absorbing materials is also limited to the synthesis and property investigation of powder materials without considering the mechanical properties thermal insulation properties corrosion resistance and other requirements required by the actual application conditions . To solve the above problems a cellulose skeleton with three dimensional structure was synthesized with polyaniline conductive polymer cladding on its surface . This aerogel could not only effectively consume the electromagnetic wave but also has great potential in thermal insulation application . The three dimensional skeleton of cellulose chitosan framework may greatly improve the conduction loss ability while polyaniline itself has a higher infrared reflectance and a lower microwave reflectance so the composite material has strong microwave loss performance and is compatible with thermal insulation . Remarkably the microwave absorption performance of the aerogel with broad | Employing cellulose as the framework to fabricate a novel sustainable microwave absorber. The cellulose framework was enhanced by the blending with chitosan to achieve a more flexible bulk. The loading of polyaniline PANI significantly improved the bulks thermal insulation ability. The broad bandwidth of 6.04GHz at thickness of 1.9mm was obtained. |
S1385894720311864 | During the wound healing process it is necessary to protect the tissue from bacterial infections and other external damage in environment . Functional artificial hydrogels as suitable wound dressings to act as barriers have attracted more and more attention . In the study described herein quaternary ammonium and double bond modified chitosan and metalorganic framework particles were used to synthesize photosensitive hydrogels through free radical polymerization . The synthesized hydrogels exhibited excellent photothermal properties under 808nm near infrared light irradiation due to the existence of PBNPs which could absorb NIR light and produce light due to the charge transfer between Fe | Prussian blue and modified chitosan were used to synthesize photothermal hydrogels. Prussian blue nanoparticles could strengthen the hydrogels as cross linker. The electropositive hydrogels could capture bacteria and kill them combined with heat. The hydrogels could kill 99.97. and 99.93. under light irradiation. |
S1385894720311876 | Biochar is considered to be the cost effective environmentally friendly and sustainable sorbent that has an extraordinary potential to efficiently remove toxic elements including arsenic from water . Until now no review has focused to understand various important and intriguing aspects on biochar use as a sorbent for As removal from water either pristine or modified . This review discusses various factors governing As removal potential of biochars sequestration mechanisms fate of sorbed As on biochar and the redox mediated interactions between biochar and As . The significance of biochar derived materials for the treatment of As contaminated drinking water wastewater and their potential regeneration ability is also critically discussed which has not been previously elaborated . This comprehensive review article could be greatly valuable for scientists policymakers water treatment industries environmentalists and graduate students who are involved in biochar As research . The review covers some new overarching and key scientific opportunities for the remediation of As contaminated water using biochar based materials which is a potential health risk to millions of people worldwide . | Biochar based materials show potential for arsenic removal from water. Various factors and feedstock type could influence arsenic removal. Arsenic fate redox transformation and removal mechanisms are discussed. Application of modified biochars for treatment of arsenic in water is elucidated. |
S1385894720311888 | Self healing and self repairing coatings are stimuli responsive materials which are of crucial importance in developing advanced smart systems . However a few has been attempted to unveil the association between the microstructure and properties of self healing organic coatings . Herein silane coupled cellulose functionalized halloysite nanotubes epoxy nanocomposite coatings showing vitrimer like behavior were developed and their crosslinking thermal mechanical and self healing behaviors were discussed . Nanocomposites with variable pristine HNT and HNT C contents were prepared where epoxy HNT C took | Developed cellulose functionalized halloysite nanotube HNT C nanoparticles. Prepared and cured epoxy HNT C nanocomposites varying HNT C content and heating rate. Heat release increased from 129 for epoxy to 456J g more than 3 fold for epoxy HNT C. exceptionally increased from 75C for the neat epoxy to 142C for epoxy HNT C system. Spontaneous self healing behavior was observed for. cured epoxy HNT C systems. |
S138589472031189X | To enhance the electrochemical performance of MXene based materials for energy storage devices the componential modification related to the electrode capacity and the structural engineering related to the electrode stability are general strategies . Herein a well designed three dimensional MXene based aerogel NiCo | NiCo. rGO aerogel is constructed by combining MXene LDHs and rGO. The aerogel shows excellent electrochemical performance as a battery type material. Capacity of the aerogel is 332.2mAhg. at 1Ag. in a three electrode system. An HSC device is fabricated with NiCo. rGO cathode and MXene rGO anode. The device shows energy density of 65.3Whkg. at power density of 700Wkg |
S1385894720311906 | Pyrochlore materials show intensive potential for various everyday applications owing to their highly stable structure with tunable lattice parameters . Energy storage tunability and switching capabilities of these materials can further be improved using suitable cationic substitutions . In this context we report a series of Nd substituted lanthanum stannate La | Phase pure and cost efficient synthesis of Nd substituted La. Sn. pyrochlores. Rietveld refinement of pyrochlore samples confirmed how well the crystalline structures developed. Optimization of conditions for a suitable recipe to achieve maximum recoverable energy density. PUND measurement revealed minimum switching charge density of pure Nd. Sn |
S1385894720311918 | The sulfonated polyethylenimine was designed and employed to prepare high performance loose nanofiltration membranes . A simple ring opening reaction of polyethylenimine with 1 3 propanesulfonate was firstly conducted to synthesize SPEI . Then NF membranes were obtained by the cross linked reaction between SPEI and trimesoyl chloride via interfacial polymerization . Thanks to the restraining effect on interfacial polymerization from the sulfonic acid groups of SPEI NF membranes with loose structures of surface layers as well as more negatively charged and hydrophilic surfaces were prepared . The optimized loose nanofiltration membrane presented high dye rejections to Victoria blue B Congo red Methyl blue and Reactive red 120 and low salt rejections to Na | Sulfonated polyethylenimine SPEI was synthesized and used for loose NF membranes. NF SPEI membrane exhibited desirable high pure water and permeate fluxes. NF SPEI membrane has high dye rejections and salt permeations for dye salt mixtures. The membrane has a good anti fouling ability and stability for dye salt mixture feeds. |
S138589472031192X | This work pursues the validation of a new reactor for the evaluation of char gasification kinetics . This novel reactor allows continuous gas flow through the fixed bed sample and accurately monitoring the mass loss throughout the reaction . Accordingly this thermogravimetric flow reactor has a great potential for the analysis of different thermochemical processes such as pyrolysis and gasification of solid feedstocks . In this paper the gasification of pine sawdust char was carried out and the effect carbon dioxide concentration and temperature have on char gasification kinetics was assessed . The experimental results were fitted to five different kinetic equations i.e . homogeneous model shrinking core model | A thermogravimetric flow reactor was developed for analyzing gasification kinetics. The effect of CO. concentration and temperature on char gasification was studied. Five different models were tested for the fitting of experimental results. The modified random pore model is the one of best fit to the experimental data. |
S1385894720311931 | Remote temperature sensing in biological media is used to monitor intracellular evolutionary process reliably and is potentially applied in the field of diagnostics and therapeutics . Ideally such nanothermometers should be functional in biological optical transparency windows across a wide range of broad absorption and emission bands strong luminescence and larger Stokes shift . Here this is achieved via using NIR to NIR transition metal Cr | Employing transition metal Cr. as the emitters for optical nanothermometers. Synthesizing Cr. doped aluminosilicate Ca. Al. SiO. Cr. nanoparticle. Being excited in first biological window and emit in second biological window. Allowing for a multi mode temperature thermal sensing within a single probe. Demonstrating its sensitivity superiority in NIR deep tissue imaging. |
S1385894720311955 | In many industrial applications particles used in fluidized bed clearly deviate from ideal spheres . This leads to an increasing need for better understanding and developing better simulation models for fluidization of non spherical particles . So far the literature is quite scarce when it comes to experimental results which can be used for validation of numerical models . Also the exact difference in fluidization behavior between spherical and elongated particles in dense fluidizing conditions is not well understood . In this work we apply X ray tomography to compare the fluidization behavior of a bed of a Geldart D type spherical particles of aspect ratio 4 to that of volume equivalent spherocylindrical particles for different gas velocities . Even though the beds of both spherical and elongated particles are operating in the slugging regime due their size and high bed height to width ratio we see clear differences in their fluidization behavior . Our results indicate that the bed of elongated particles is slugging less than the one with spherical particles . This is indicated by a lower average bubble size in the case of elongated particles together with a higher bubble rise velocity . The bed of elongated particles has a considerably higher distribution of small and medium bubbles . The slug waiting time distribution and slug frequency distribution indicate that a bed of elongated particles periodically switches between slugging and turbulent fluidization unlike the bed of spherical particles which remains in the constant slugging regime . | X ray tomography applied to fluidized bed of elongated particles. Comparison of fluidization characteristic between spherical and elongated particles. Bed of elongated particles shows more turbulent fluidization behavior. Bed of Geldart D spherical particles remains in constant slugging regime. Bed of elongated particles switches between slugging and turbulent fluidization. |
S1385894720311967 | Silicon is one of the most earth abundant elements and thus the fate and reactivity of silicate materials are often important for various energy and environmental technologies including carbon sequestration where CO | Dissolution mechanisms of heat treated serpentine were studied by. Si MAS NMR. Chemical stabilities of different silicate structures Q. were determined. The amorphous Q. and Q. structures were most reactive in carbonic acid. This study identified different reaction pathways for CO. sequestration. |
S1385894720311980 | How to realize large scale manufacture of phase change materials with high latent heat storage and excellent shape stability is still a great challenge . Recently encapsulating PCMs with three dimensional porous structure is of great interest due to its excellent leak proof ability and large latent heat storage capacity . However the conventional fabrication techniques of 3D supporting skeletons for loading PCMs commonly involves hydrothermal process freeze drying and vacuum impregnation which is difficult to operate and costly for large scale manufacture . Herein a facile and novel strategy for the potential large scale manufacture of 3D porous structure supported PCMs is presented . This strategy involves two steps rapid preparation of a novel CNC hydrogel based on UV induced thiol ene click chemistry and direct impregnation of PEG PCMs into the CNC hydrogel using solvent exchange strategy for the first time . The structure and properties of CNC hydrogels and PEG CNC hybrid PCMs are characterized . High latent heat improved thermal conductivity excellent thermal and shape stability are observed in the PEG CNC hybrid PCMs . An obvious decrease of the crystalline phase change temperature is also observed due to the strong hydrogen bonding between the well reserved CNC nanofiber network and PEG molecule chains . This solvent exchange strategy shows great potential in the large scale manufacture of high performance and shape stable PCMs . | A novel CNC hydrogel is prepared though UV induced thiol ene click chemistry. Solvent exchange strategy is used innovatively to fabricate PEG CNC hybrid PCMs. The hybrid PCMs exhibits high latent heat and excellent shape stability. This work proposes a potential strategy for large scale manufacture of PCMs. |
S1385894720311992 | High energy density remains difficult to achieve using current lithium ion capacitors because of the mismatch of kinetics between the capacitor type cathode and battery type anode . To enhance the kinetic match a graphene aerogel supported LiNbO | A novel anode LiNbO. @GA is configured for LICs. BCNNT cathode is successfully matched to the anode with enhanced kinetics. The LIC exhibits excellent performance with high energy density of 148Whkg. Kinetics analyses provide insight into cation anion storage behaviors. |
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