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S1385894720313450 | Many hydrogel scaffolds for bone regeneration do not satisfy clinical needs due to uncontrollable mechanical properties and calcium supply and a lack of outstanding osteogenic functions . Herein a novel acid responsive composite hydrogel scaffold platform was developed to provide controllable stiffness and calcium supply for enhanced bone regeneration . For this purpose pluronic F127 diacrylate was selected as the model scaffold matrix material due to its good biocompatibility and easy formulation capability . Nano CaCO | A novel acid responsive F127 DA nano CaCO. composite hydrogel was fabricated. Acid treatment leaded to space controlled distribution of nano CaCO. in a hydrogel. Space controlled distribution of nano CaCO. in a hydrogel improved its mechanical properties. Space controlled distribution of nano CaCO. in F127 DA hydrogel was beneficial to the expression of osteogenic factors. The composite hydrogel platform performed well in bone regeneration. |
S1385894720313462 | Crystal violet is one of the most toxic organic dyes thus there is a critical need to remove it from wastewater before discharging into the environment . To tackle this challenge new resources should be exploited to construct green and environmentally friendly adsorbents . Herein we designed a novel cryogel by freeze thaw of naturally derived polysaccharides salecan and locust bean gum without any toxic and organic cross linkers . Their three dimensional network structure was established by strong hydrogen bonding interactions between the two polysaccharides and has been characterized systematically . More specially salecan LBG ratio could be accurately tuned to enhance the storage modulus and to adjust the hydrophilicity and pore architecture of these cryogels . Batch experiments with the subject of salecan LBG ratios pHs initial dye concentrations as well as contact time were studied . The adsorption equilibrium data could be well fitted with pseudo second order model and Langmuir model revealing monolayer chemical adsorption mechanism . The maximum CV adsorption capacity calculated by Langmuir equation was 309.5mg g higher than many reported CV adsorbents . Notably the regenerated cryogel could be easily reused with high adsorption capacity for at least five cycles . This work provided a facile avenue to develop sustainable cryogel adsorbent for deep cleaning of CV in wastewater . | Freeze thaw of salecan and locust bean gum LBG into cryogel without crosslinkers. Cryogel properties could be accurately tuned by adjusting salecan LBG ratio. The maximum adsorption of crystal violet onto cryogel can even reach 309.5mg g. Adsorption followed the pseudo second order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. Cryogel can be reused and adsorption capacity retained over 95 after 5 cycles. |
S1385894720313474 | The integration of bioelectrochemical system into conventional anaerobic composting process can accelerate the degradation of excess dewatered sludge . However no reports have been made concerning antibiotic resistance genes profile and abundance in BESs fuelled with ES and the effect of CaO | AnC. was conducted to investigate the CaO. addition on the attenuation of ARGs. The abundances of ARGs in AnC. at CaO. dosage of 0.4 and 0.5g gVSS were the lowest. ARGs distribution was affected by both CaO. and bioelectrochemical assistance. Microbial community contributed 62.8 to explain the ARGs compositions. There were positive correlations between. G and. and MRGs. |
S1385894720313498 | The presence of residual sulfonamide antibiotics such as sulfadimethoxine in surface waters has become an emerging concern due to their adverse effects on the environment and human health . In this study UV alone UV PMS and UV H | The degradation processes of SDM were systematically investigated. Degradation pathways in UV alone UV PMS and UV H. systems were proposed. Three initial reaction sites were determined by theoretical calculations. ECOSAR analysis suggested that the degradation products of SDM were not toxic. |
S1385894720313504 | Inserting obstacles such as cylindrical pins in a micromixer has the potential to significantly enhance scalar transport and improve species mixing between two co flowing streams . However it remains unclear how the mixing efficiency in confined microchannel flows is affected by the positioning of the fluid interface and the cylindrical pin with respect to the wall or to each other . The present work investigates the mixing induced by a single cylindrical pin placed at different gap distances from the wall of a Y type micromixer . Two fluid interface positions are considered by mixing the fluid streams at different ratios one located at the channel centreline and one shifted towards one of the walls . Micro particle image velocimetry is applied to investigate the velocity fields and streamline patterns for the different pin locations and micro laser induced fluorescence to acquire the instantaneous concentration fields and assess the mixing performance utilising the intensity of segregation technique . Prior to the onset of vortex shedding and when the fluid interface coincides with the channel centreline slightly offsetting the pin from the centreline is found to yield the best mixing performance compared to centreline or near wall pin locations . However when vortex shedding is present a centreline pin location exhibits the best mixing performance . The present measurements indicate that single micropins can enhance mixing even in the absence of vortex shedding and when vortex shedding occurs they are most efficient when the pin axis and fluid interface are aligned . | Passive micromixers with confined micropins investigated at high Reynolds numbers. Mixing enhancement depends on pin fluid interface position and vortex shedding. Micro Particle Image Velocimetry and micro Laser Induced Fluorescence employed. The convective mixing mechanisms for steady and unsteady flow regimes elucidated. |
S1385894720313516 | Metal organic gels as outstanding heavy metals adsorbents suffer the problems of ex situ construction and not being able to reutilize which restricts the widespread applications . To deal with this challenge an in situ ultrasound assisted technology integrated adsorbent fabrication with heavy metals removal in actual wastewater was firstly proposed . Characterizations analyses showed that the multivariate MOGs was successfully constructed in industrial wastewater and simultaneous obtained a superb removal efficiency of 97.2 95.3 and 98.1 for Cu Cd and Cr and the treated wastewater can reach the effluent standard . X ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and density functional theory calculation indicate that MMOGs obtained the most stable structure owing to the most stable binding energy mainly attributed to the interaction between Cu andCOOH of gelators that generates additional bonding sites for capturing Cd and Cr during the synthesis of adsorbent . Furthermore we successfully show the possibility to reuse the adsorbed MMOGs in the oxyanions contaminated water and it exhibits satisfactory removal capacity for Sb with favorable biodegradability . This study provides a new insight and promising model for actual heavy metal wastewater treatment as well as resource utilization . | An in situ heavy metal removal strategy by MMOGs in actual wastewater was proposed. In situ method realized full exposure and generation additional of binding sites. The adsorbed MMOGs can be reutilized for Sb V capture. |
S1385894720313528 | Incorporating inorganic thermoelectric fillers into conductive polymers is one promising strategy to develop high performance flexible thermoelectric films . However due to the relatively high interfacial contact resistance between fillers and polymers carriers tend to be scattered at the interfaces during the interfacial transports which deteriorates the electrical properties of the system and in turn leads to low energy conversion efficiency . Here a new strategy is developed to optimize interfacial carrier transports in Bi | Facilely realizing the boost of interfacial carrier transports. Effectively coating Bi. Sb. Te. fillers with highly conductive CuTe layer. Achieving highly crystallized PEDOT PSS as the matrix. Producing promising. of 2300Scm. and peak. of 312Wm. at room temperature. Generating promising open circuit thermovoltage of 7.7mV with human wrist as the thermal source. |
S138589472031353X | Preparation method is of importance for development and application of polymers . Herein we proposed a continuous flow strategy for the preparation of polyimide precursors through solution polymerization in microreactors for the first time . The polymerization time was significantly reduced from several hours in a batch reactor to twenty minutes in a microreactor . Lower temperature more appropriate molar ratio of monomers and longer residence time in the polymerization process resulted in polys with higher molecular weights . Moreover the relationship between the molecular weight and the residence time was used to discuss the polymerization kinetics . Meanwhile the rapid preparation of polys from pyromellitic dianhydride 4 4 diphthalic anhydride benzophenone 3 3 4 4 tetracarboxylic dianhydride 4 4 oxydiphthalic dianhydride or cyclobutane tetracarboxylic dianhydride was achieved in the microreactor . In particular the number average molecular weight of the PAA prepared by BTDA and 2 2 bis 4 4 diaminodiphenyl ether reached 36.3kg mol at the polymerization time of 19.6min . This work demonstrated that microreactors would provide a promising and efficient pathway to prepare polyimide precursors with high molecular weights . | A continuous flow strategy for preparation of polyimide precursors was proposed. Microreactors largely reduced the polymerization time compared to batch reactors. Parameters of PAA preparation were optimized and reaction kinetics was discussed. Excellent PI films were obtained after the imidization of PAAs synthesized in flow. Various commercial dianhydrides could be applied to synthesize PAAs in microreactors. |
S1385894720313541 | Versatile composite materials integrating extreme water repellency with a series of characteristics have been seen as potential competitors for innovative applications . In this work the author designs a three dimensional superhydrophobic composite material featuring robustness and repairability by utilizing organic polymer components polydimethylsiloxane and epoxy acrylate and inorganic component silica particle SiO | A material was designed by photo polymerization hydrolytic polycondensation. The composite material exhibits a three dimensional superhydrophobic state. The superhydrophobic material possesses high damage insensitive behavior. The superhydrophobic material presents repairable ability via polishing treatment. The design control and aquatic show are sequentially achieved. |
S1385894720313553 | With rapid development of large scale grid storage system aqueous Zn batteries with features of superior safety low cost and high energy density have attracted a growing number of researchers . However severe corrosion and dendrite growth of Zn anodes have hindered their cycling performance and commercial application . Here we fabricated an indium based protective layer on Zn metal surface via a facile ion exchange route . The insulating indium based compounds provide necessary potential gradient to induce Zn plate underneath the coating film . Meanwhile indium and its derivatives can effectively suppress corrosion and regulate Zn plating behavior due to unique physical and chemical properties . The symmetric cells with In coated Zn anodes maintain stable stripping plating process over 1400h . Improved performance of full cells with modified Zn anode paired with MnO | A surface ion exchanging strategy is utilized to prevent Zn corrosion and dendrite growth. A necessary driving force is generated to induce Zn to plate beneath the coating film. The complicated parasitic reactions between the anode and electrolyte are suppressed. Symmetric cells with In coated Zn anodes can maintain a stable voltage profile with smooth surface morphology. |
S1385894720313565 | Metal oxides based materials are promising electrodes for energy storage devices however the low rate performance and the high energy consumption in the preparation limit their practical applications . Herein a novel amorphous hydroxyl rich Co | Novel Co. flexible electrode is fabricated via electrochemical oxidation of Co MOF. This Co. electrode owns the amorphous hydroxyl rich hierarchical structure. It expresses higher C. than a highly crystalline hydroxyl deficient Co. electrode. It also exhibits better rate performance than many cobalt oxide based electrodes. ASC based on this electrode shows excellent rate capability and cycling performance. |
S1385894720313589 | This study elucidates volatile fatty acids accumulation reasons during organic solid wastes degradation via kinetics and thermodynamics assessments of degradation mechanisms of representative VFA under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions . Acetate exhibited the highest maximum microbial specific growth rates of 0.18 d | The effects of temperature on the methanogenic mechanism of VFAs were investigated. Kinetics and thermodynamics of VFAs degradation processes were compared. Propionate showed self inhibition with increasing concentration. Thermodynamic barrier was more obvious under thermophilic conditions. |
S1385894720313607 | The microbial fuel cell is an emerging bioelectrochemical technology which can harvest energy and purify wastewater simultaneously . Microorganisms not only have been shown critical to oxidize substrates to generate electricity in the anode but have been used as the catalyst to improve the cathode performance . However the scaled up applicability of biocatalyzed cathodes still needs to be explored . This study evaluated the electrochemical and treatment performance of long term serial connection of oxygen reducing biocathode based MFCs . Results showed that biocathode based MFCs could reach stable wastewater treatment performance without influenced by serial connection . Voltage reversal shock was previously observed in bioanodes during serial connection but our analysis of cathode potential demonstrated voltage reversal would also occur in biocathodes . Furthermore our results revealed that the voltage reversal of biocathodes could be self recoverable after roughly one month of operation which is much longer than the reported duration in bioanodes . Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis of the biocathode recovered from voltage reversal revealed the substantial increase of polarization resistance due to the capacitance effect . The output voltage of serially connected biocathode based MFCs could be successfully harvested through charging the capacitor in the power management system . The 16S rRNA gene high throughput sequencing of biocathode samples revealed the presence of abundant nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria and moreover the unique microbial composition in the biocathode recovered from voltage reversal with | A voltage reversal shock on the biocathode was observed during serial connection. Self recovery of voltage reversal in the biocathode was further observed. The increase of biofilm capacitance was found on the recovered biocathode. populations were highly enriched on the recovered biocathode biofilm. Serially connected biocathode MFCs could drive an environmental sensor with a PMS. |
S1385894720313619 | This study proposes a high efficiency natural gas hydrate storage method involving the formation of NGH in a water oil emulsion with the addition of suitable thermodynamic additives . First the CH | NGH production by using the water diesel CP emulsion was proposed. CP substantially increased formation rate and gas uptake of hydrate in w o emulsion. The NGH hydrate diesel slurry formed from w o CP emulsion showed good flowability. A continuous NGH crystals production process was proposed. |
S1385894720313620 | New electrode composite materials consisting of NiMnCr layered double hydroxides coated on carbon spheres supported on nickel foam NiMnCr | NiMnCr LDH decorated on carbon spheres supported on Ni foam is prepared. The electrode material exhibits a high specific capacitance of 569 Cg. at 3Ag. A supercapacitor is prepared and exhibits a high energy density of 48Whkg. at a power density of 402.7Wkg. The supercapacitor can operate home designed windmill device for about 25s. The supercapacitor was used to light up a red LED and a yellow LED. |
S1385894720313632 | Extensive efforts have been made for research on the development of selective separation membranes however the simultaneous promotion of stable selectivity and high permselectivity still faces its challenges . For the first time a subversive synthesis strategy with hierarchical structure was proposed for the preparation of double layer based molecularly imprinted nanocomposite membranes . Herein the polydopamine based imprinting process was initially performed on the surfaces of SiO | Double layer based molecularly imprinted membranes were successfully synthesized. An imitated core shell synergistic integration process was designed for selective separation of TC. Well designed hierarchical DLMIMs were first applied as selective separation membranes. High rebinding capacity and permselectivity performance could be simultaneously obtained. |
S1385894720313644 | The co pyrolysis technology of the second generation feedstocks has both engineering and environmental advantages towards resource recovery waste stream reduction and energy generation . However there exists a large knowledge gap about the co pyrolytic mechanisms kinetics emissions and products of biomass wastes . This study aimed to quantify the co pyrolytic interactions between the five N | Sewage sludge SS and coffee grounds CG were co pyrolized in five atmospheres. Eight parallel DAEM elucidated the co pyrolytic kinetics in five atmospheres. Temperature dependency of gases evolved from co pyrolysis were quantified. A strong interaction existed with SC64 co pyrolysis in CO. atmosphere. SC64 co pyrolysis changed the co pyrolytic product selectivity and distributions. |
S1385894720313656 | Though zein is gaining more and more attention because of its multifunctionality and biodegradability the high sensitivity to humidity limits its further applications . In the present study the multifunctional zein nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning with the assistance of polyvinyl alcohol followed by cross linking with glutaraldehyde . In this way the moisture resistance of the nanofibers was significantly improved while the air filtration performance was well retained . The optimized nanofibers exhibited over 97 filtration efficiency of PM | A zein based nanofiber was prepared via an electrospinning process. Chemical cross linking improved the properties nanofibers. Nanofibers can maintain good surface morphology even in high humidity environments. Nanofibers demonstrate high adsorption efficiency for pollutants of various sizes. |
S138589472031367X | Improving catalytic efficiency is a yet still challenge in thermal catalytic oxidation . One of the key issues is to understand its catalytic oxidation mechanism . Here a series of Co | Co. nanotubes and nanoparticle were synthesized via solvothermal method without template. Co. nanotubes exhibited high catalytic efficiency for toluene oxidation. The role of surface lattice oxygen and gas phase oxygen were investigated and illustrated in detail. Toluene oxidation process were investigated by combination of in situ DRIFTS PTR TOF MS quasi in situ XPS UVvis DRS. |
S1385894720313681 | Anthropogenic carbon dioxide especially emitted from coal fired power plants is a major contributor to global warming . Various carbon capture materials have been developed to mitigate CO | A nitrogen doped carbon derived from polypyrrole shows high CO. adsorption capacity. Impact of water on CO. adsorption was investigated by multicomponent breakthrough. This N doped carbon retains the majority of the CO. adsorption capacity in moisture. This work shows the possibility of this potential material for post combustion CCS. |
S1385894720313693 | In this study a biochar derived from the pruning wastes of apple trees was thermally modified and was evaluated as a catalyst to explore an innovative strategy of valorization . The BC was thermally modified at 400 550 and 700C denoted as BC400 BC550 BC700 respectively . The removal of 50mg L acetaminophen with 1.0g L biochars was 9.0 except for BC700 without an oxidant . However it was greatly enhanced in the presence of 0.5g L sodium persulfate . The surface area normalized ACT removal rate constant increased from 6.5610 | Graphitization degree defects and basic sites increased with the temperature of biochar modification. Acetaminophen degradation was enhanced increased with the temperature of biochar modification. Graphitization degree defects C O C O and basicity were correlated with catalytic activity. Persulfate was activated via persistent free radicals and delocalized electrons in graphitic structures. Different electron donors activated persulfate for the biochars modified under different temperature. |
S138589472031370X | Toxic cyanobacterial blooms in source waters could impair drinking water quality and chlorine was a common oxidant to treat cyanobacteria in drinking water treatment plants . In natural freshwaters cyanobacterial bloom is a successive process mainly including development and maintenance stage . However previous studies only focused on one stage of cyanobacteria . Here we collected | Characteristics of. at development and maintenance stage were compared. Elevated cell density and DOC at maintenance stage caused faster chlorine consumption. Chlorine could completely inactive. of development and maintenance stage. Possible reactive chlorinated intermediates promoted toxin degradation at maintenance stage. Sufficient chlorine exposure could completely degrade total toxin for. at both stages. |
S1385894720313711 | The micro structured catalytic converter which has proven to be 5 times more efficient than packed bed reactors for the total oxidation of residual methane opens the door for a new line of catalytic converters that will be smaller cheaper and more durable than traditional catalytic converters . | A new line of convertors is underpinned by the micro structured catalytic convertor. Large S V ratio of support makes the deposition on non precious catalysts feasible. Methane conversion under real conditions was 5 times larger than that of a PBR. Catalyst was active within the exhaust temperature range of natural gas turbines. Catalyst was stable at 450C in the presence of SO. 5 ppmV and H. O 10 vol . |
S1385894720313723 | In the pursuit of high energydensity lithium ion batteries silicon is a promising candidate to replace graphite due to its high specific capacity low electrochemical potential low cost and environmental friendliness . However the fast capacity decay of Si impedes its practical applications . The essential modifications for Si have been taken for granted in the development of Si based composites . This review highlights the recent progress of Si based composites with different morphologies and structures to suppress volume variation and enhance electrical conductivity . Analysis of the feasibility regarding design rules and chemical engineering is also provided . Finally we briefly highlight the existing challenges and future perspectives for improving Si based anode materials . | An overview of silicon anode based on various structural design for lithium ion batteries. The reactions mechanism of silicon based anode materials have been summarized. The relationship between structure and electrochemical performance have been inducively discussed. Methods of preparation of Si composite have been discussed. Commercialization challenges and future perspective for improving the Si based anode materials are proposed. |
S1385894720313747 | Nowadays inorganic and organic pollutants always coexist in the environment thus an economic and efficient treatment is urgently required . In this paper a novel nanoscale zero valent iron produced from the reaction of acid mine drainage with NaBH | A high performance of Cr VI removal was obtained in AMD nZVI PDS process. Transformation products of Cr VI Cd II and ATZ were identified. SO. contributed to nearly 84 of the overall ATZ degradation. The possible pathways of ATZ degradation were proposed. A reaction mechanism for the removals of Cr VI Cd II and ATZ was proposed. |
S1385894720313772 | Pseudocapacitive energy storage offers short charging time long term cycling stability and high rate capability but developing nanostructured electrodes with high pseudocapacitance is still challenging . Herein we present a facile template assisted nanocasting method to fabricate three dimensional ordered porous MoS | Novel 3D ordered porous MoS. C hierarchies are fabricated via a template method. MoS. C demonstrates excellent high rate long life sodium storage performance. MoS. C architecture displays extraordinary pseudocapacitive energy storage behavior. Carbon hybridization enhances the charge transfer and sodium diffusion rates. |
S1385894720313784 | Recovering lithium from natural sources such as seawater is a sustainable alternative to meet its high demands . Li recovery from seawater must be enhanced to attain economic efficiency . In this work the potential of enhancing Li recovery from seawater by acid treated manganese oxide ion sieve is evaluated by increasing Li concentration in seawater using direct contact membrane distillation and reducing competitive ions . DCMD achieved enhanced water recovery upon pre treatment with oxalic acid compared to caustic soda ash and without pre treatment . Caustic soda ash required Na addition in alkaline condition for Ca removal while oxalic acid removed Ca in acidic condition without any inorganic ion addition . The low ion concentration in acidic condition upon oxalic acid pre treatment enabled DCMD to concentrate seawater to high levels increasing Li concentration by 7 times . In Li solution HMO achieved a maximum adsorptive capacity Langmuir Q | Oxalic acid efficiently removed Ca from seawater without any added ion residues. MD obtained 8690 water recovery and concentrated Li with oxalic acid seawater. In seawater Li uptake by H form manganese oxide sieve HMO was reduced due to Mg. HMO maintained high Li uptake in seawater upon Mg removal in alkaline condition. Seawater treatment in stages recovered water Li and other resources Ca and Mg. |
S1385894720313796 | In this study natural chalcopyrite was employed in the activation of peroxymonosulfate for bisphenol S degradation . Firstly the NCP catalyst was characterized via X ray diffraction scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques . Then several key parameters such as catalyst dosage PMS dosage and initial pH were investigated in NCP PMS system . Furthermore the transformation of various free radicals SO | The natural chalcopyrite can efficiently activate PMS to degrade bisphenol S. The main free radicals responsible for BPS degradation at different initial pH were studied. The role of copper iron and sulfur species were investigated. Bisphenol S degradation mechanism in NCP PMS system was proposed by DFT calculation. |
S1385894720313802 | This paper presents an innovative approach to producing energy dense carbonneutral liquid ammonia as a means for carrying energy . This approach synergistically integrates microwave reaction chemistry with novel heterogeneous catalysis that decouples dinitrogen activation from high temperature and high pressure reactions altering reaction pathways and increasing ammonia formation rate . Results presented here demonstrate that ammonia synthesis can be conducted at 280 and ambient pressure to achieve 1mmol ammonia g cat h over supported ruthenium catalyst systems utilizing microwave irradiation . It is further shown that adding promoter ions such as potassium cerium and barium significantly improves the ammonia production rate over undoped ruthenium based catalysts . This effect could be attributed to enhanced dielectric loss processes that lead to stronger microwave absorption by the catalyst . Measurement of the equilibrium constant under microwave conditions showed a higher ammonia yield than under thermal equilibrium conditions for both the iron and ruthenium based catalysts . Finally this study also illustrates the advantages of using a variable frequency microwave reactor for ambient pressure ammonia synthesis . Mechanistically investigators believed that the oscillating electric fields of the radiation can couple with adsorbed nitrogen on the surface and accelerate its dissociation . Since dinitrogen dissociation on the surface is rate limiting this effectively accelerates the reaction . Overall the study provides an in depth analysis of the parameters affecting the use of microwaves in catalyzed ammonia synthesis . This process is fundamentally different from the commercial HaberBosch process and provides an alternative method of ammonia synthesis for certain applications as it is tolerant to intermittent supplies of renewable energy therefore effectively operating at variable rates of production . | Sustainable and stable NH. production under ambient pressure and low temperature. Conversion of stranded renewable energy to storable energy carrier. Microwave irradiation enhances catalytic NH. synthesis. |
S1385894720313814 | Cavitation used to be associated with negative outcomes in hydraulic turbomachinery but nowadays it is often used for water cleaning microorganisms destruction and degradation of organic compounds . This study investigated the amount of | High concentration of SA significantly influences cavitation dynamics. Physical and chemical explanations for the observed anomalies are given. Change in surface tension coalescence and nucleation influence cavitation the most. Past results on radical formation by cavitation may be falsely interpreted. Special care needs to be given to cavitation characteristics in dosimetry studies. |
S1385894720313826 | The plasmon induced interfacial charge transfer transition involves the direct electron transfer from a plasmonic metal to the acceptor state in a semiconductor . Such plasmonic decay is fostered by strong orbital coupling and mixing of electronic levels in plasmonic metals and SC . Although the effectiveness of PICTT for charge transfer has been testified its realization still remains a great challenge . Herein we employed a facile electroless reduction strategy for the in situ growth of copper nanoparticles over Cu | Plasmonic Cu Cu. O octahedrons fabricated via an electroless reduction method. The CO. photoreduction PR activity is investigated. Plasmon induced interfacial charge transfer transition PICTT is realized. Much higher CO. PR activity fostered by the PICTT mechanism. The unique PICTT induced PR under approximate NIR irradiation. |
S1385894720313838 | To effectively mitigate hazardous volatile organic compounds in air adsorption techniques for their complex mixtures rather than individual species are of great demand in light of the scarcity of relevant data . Four types of broadly studied metal organic frameworks Co Zr and UiO 66 NH | Various Metal organic frameworks were evaluated for the removal of 8 gaseous VOCs. MOF 199 displayed the best performance towards polar VOCs. Activated carbon was found as the superior adsorbent for less polar VOCs. MOF 199 displayed the maximum adsorption capacity of 101mgg. for MiBK. MOFs predominant adsorption mechanism was linked to the Lewis acidic sites. |
S138589472031384X | Combination of porous catalyst carriers and high performance catalysts has attracted increasing attention due to their efficient reusable and durable characteristics in water purification . Herein we report a design of three dimensional printed hierarchical porous ceramics that can | 3D printing of hierarchical porous ceramics decorated with MOFs was realized. The. exhibit outstanding catalytic degradation efficiency to dyes. Superior reusability and long term stability were achieved for the. All 3D printed catalytic devices were demonstrated for proof of concept purpose. |
S1385894720313851 | Moderate temperature chemical looping processes circumvent challenges including the sintering of oxygen carrier materials and the deterioration of the reactor at elevated temperatures . While the activation of hydrocarbons and oxygen releasing from metal oxides are difficult at lower temperatures leading to slow redox kinetics in chemical looping . Herein we proposed a moderate temperature chemical looping scheme composed of methane partial oxidation and splitting of CO | Chemical looping H. O CO. co splitting and CH. partial oxidation over Ni CeZrO. Moderate temperature redox produces syngas with a desirable H. CO molar ratio. Ni CeZrO. interfaces enhance CH. selective oxidation and CO. splitting. |
S1385894720313863 | The efficiency of microbial electron transfer is fundamental for determining the performance of fermentative hydrogen methane production . To facilitate microbial electron transfer conductive magnetite nanoparticles were added into a cascading dark fermentation and anaerobic digestion system that was inoculated with | and CH. production were both enhanced with magnetite nanoparticles MNPs . production HP pathway shifted to acetate pathway leading to high NADH NAD. Hydrogenase and electron transport system activities increased with MNPs during HP. MNPs promoted the secretion of redox active humic substances during CH. production. and. were selectively enriched in the presence of MNPs. |
S1385894720313887 | Achieving high immobilization performance to reduce the toxicity and bioavailability of heavy metals is critical for the remediation of heavy metals contaminated sediment . Herein a novel chlorapatites with high stability and dispersibility is successfully synthesized using sodium lignin sulfonate as dispersant . Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy characterization demonstrated that SNClAP possessed an internal layered structure and exhibited better dispersibility which was conducive to the immobilization of lead in sediment . Besides SNClAP showed excellent remediation performance towards Pb contaminated sediment with the highest Pb immobilization efficiency of 80.29 which was much higher than that of pristine chlorapatite . The results of available phosphorus showed that the better dispersion of chlorapatites could make soluble phosphorus released by chlorapatites more fully combine with Pb to form the extremely stable Pb | Sodium lignin sulfonate was applied to fabricated a novel chlorapatite SNClAP . SNClAP was used for the remediation of Pb contaminated sediment. SNClAP led to excellent immobilization efficiency 80.29 of Pb. The reduction efficiency of TCLP leachable Pb was 94.13 by SNClAP remediation. Precipitation dominated the whole remediation process. |
S1385894720313899 | A magnetic aggregation bed photocatalytic reactor was designed and constructed to achieve continuous photodegradation of methyl orange solution without subsequent photocatalyst separation . A magnetic photocatalyst CoFe | The magnetic aggregates could increase the irradiation surface and enhance mass transfer. Shallow film flow can enhance transmission while rough surface effectively avoids internal reflection. The reactor operated continuously without catalyst separation use of solar energy for environmental protection. Performance comparison preferred optimal experiment conditions. |
S1385894720313905 | Sand is the most used filter adsorbent material in a drinking water treatment plant or household purpose filters . However sand poses challenge for the micropollutant removal in presence of metals natural organic matter total organic carbon ammonia and other macro pollutants . In this study sand was coated using laboratory synthesized graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide to enhance its surface properties in terms of hydrophobicity roughness and specific surface area 6 times higher for GO rGO as compared to 5.5m | Sand used as the filter media could only remove 20 MC LR during adsorption phase. Bioaugmentation of rGO coated sand enhanced the MC LR removal by 45 . GO coated sand showed a specific surface area of 33.8m. g uncoated sand 5.5m. g . pi pi interaction and presence of C O C functional group enhanced the MC LR removal. |
S1385894720313929 | A kind of tubular bio electrochemical system with functional biocathode coupling with oxygen producing submerged plants was developed to remove pollutants from polluted surface water and sediment . The coupled system showed an excellent performance in comparison with normal BES without plants only plant system and control system only containing sediment and water . The average removal efficiency of TOC and TN in water of P BES were 30.3 and 44.7 which was 2.9 and 2.4 times higher than that of CS . The rate coefficient k of nitrate of P BES was 26.2 lower than that of PS . The untransformed nitrogen in P BES accounted for 14.6 which was 8.0 65.2 and 81.0 lower than that in PS CS and NP BES . The maximum power density of the coupled system was 20.8mW m | Tubular BES coupling with submerged plants was applied to restore surface water. Best removal efficiency of TOC 30.2 and TN 61.1 was obtained in P BES. Proper DO level was provided by plants and biocathode to improve nitrogen removal. |
S1385894720313930 | In this study bimetallic metal organic frameworks containing the metalloligand unit linked by Fe and Co cations were synthesized successfully with different stoichiometric ratio of precursors . FeCo BDC were investigated by XRD FT IR SEM XPS ICP MS BET and TEM techniques . Effects of stoichiometric ratio of precursors peroxymonosulfate concentrations catalyst dosages and initial pH on the phenanthrene degradation were evaluated . The results indicated that 99.0 of phenanthrene removal efficiency was achieved at pH 3.15 50mg L FeCo BDC 2 0.6mM PMS 1.0mg L phenanthrene and 30min reaction time . Based on the scavenger experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance analyses SO | Signals of DMPO. OH SO4. transformed to DMPOX with addition of TBA. OH SO4. and O2. were the primary ROS for degradation of PHE. Phenanthrene products containing S atom were detected for the first time in the SR AOPs. Degradation pathways and mechanism of phenanthrene were proposed. |
S1385894720313942 | Nanocarbon materials have been well developed due to their excellent properties whereas the hydrophobicity and surface inertness always limit their further application . In this study a novel smart nanodrug loading system based on porous carbon nanofibers were proposed which obtained excellent properties in dispersibility suitable near infrared absorbance photothermal conversion ability and dual responsive drug delivery . The pores benefited PCNFs to achieve high drug absorption and shortened release rate to prolong the delivery period . In vitro and | Porous carbon nanofibers PCNFs were prepared via electrospun by PAN and PMMA. Acid and layer by layer processes were used to solve the dispersibility of PCNFs. PCNFs obtained good biocompatibility hemocompatibility and photothermal ability. PCNFs showed higher drug loading ability and pH photothermal dual responsiveness. Better tumor inhibition was achieved by synergistic chemo photothermal therapy. |
S1385894720313954 | The extensive research and interest in superhydrophobic surfaces have not yet resulted in their widespread utilization . Limitations include high cost complex fabrication techniques and poor durability . Herein we report a facile economic and scalable spray coating fabrication technique that utilizes an epoxy silica nanocomposite to create robust and durable superhydrophobic coatings . To overcome its inherent high surface energy the epoxy was modified using an amino functionalized polysiloxane . The newly developed nanocomposite coating demonstrated excellent water repellency with contact angles of 165 and sliding angles of 3 for different substrate materials such as metals wood glass and textile . Our results revealed that a nanocomposite coating with a silica concentration of 28wt provides an optimum balance between superhydrophobicity and durability . We also investigated the effect of solvent volatility on the hierarchical structure and superhydrophobicity of the coated samples which is rarely considered in the literature . It was found that a spray emulsion with lower solvent volatility results in an enhanced surface microstructure that improves water repellency . Moreover the coated samples demonstrated excellent robustness and durability against peeling abrasion corrosion and high temperature environments exposure tests . The outcome of our efforts confirms that the epoxy modification process leads to enhanced superhydrophobicity without compromising the robustness and durability of the coating . This remarkable performance offers a great potential for large scale production of superhydrophobic surfaces operating in harsh working conditions . | An epoxy silica nanocomposite was developed to fabricate durable superhydrophobic coatings. The fabrication technique is facile economic and scalable. An amino functionalized polysiloxane was used to modify the epoxy. The coating is suitable for different substrate materials such as metals glass wood or fabrics. The coating demonstrated exceptional durability against peeling abrasion corrosion and high temperature tests. |
S1385894720313978 | The development of general strategies for efficiently loading drugs with distinct physicochemical properties for example hydrophilicity lipophilicity and hydrophobicity is currently a great challenge in the field of drug delivery . In this work a poly nanoparticle with reversible hydrophilic to hydrophobic property was first prepared . Owing to the switchable property of the PNIPAAm particles all the water soluble lipo soluble and poorly soluble drugs could be successfully loaded in the PNIPAAm particles . Then these drug loaded PNIPAAm nanoparticles could be introduced into electronspun fibrous as a medical scaffold . Another advantage of such two stage drug loading strategy is that an extended release of the loaded drug would be achieved . We also found that the preparation of this nano in micro system also showed negligible effects on the drug loading ratio and drug activity probably due to the mid and efficient nature of this approach . Moreover the nano in micro scaffold exhibits excellent drug release characteristics such as a slow and persistent drug delivery for up to 4months . A preclinical application of this 20S Ginsenoside Rg3 loaded nano in micro scaffold showed a pronounced hypertrophic scar inhibitory effect in both early stage and later stage of HS formation . In short the nano in micro scaffold with reversible hydrophilic to hydrophobic property in the drug loaded nanoparticles would provide a facile effective and general strategy to fabricate diverse drug delivery system with long term release . | Thermo responsive PNIPAAm nanoparticle was used for drug loading. The nanoparticles could load water soluble lipo soluble and poorly soluble drugs. A nano in micro electronspun fibrous was fabricated using the nanoparticles. The nano in micro fibrous showed long term drug delivery up to 4months. Rg3 loaded nano in micro scaffold could efficiently inhibit hypertrophic scars. |
S138589472031398X | Bio oil is a highly valuable product derived from biomass pyrolysis which could be used in various downstream applications upon appropriate upgrading and refining . Extraction and fractionation are two promising methods to upgrade bio oil by separating the complex mixture of bio oil compounds into distinct fine chemicals and fractions enriched in certain classes of chemical compounds . In this review various extraction techniques for bio oil their associated features the characteristics of bio oil extracts and their applications are presented and critically discussed . It was revealed that the most promising technique is via organic solvent extraction . Furthermore the technological gaps and bottlenecks for each separation techniques are disclosed as well as the overall challenges and future prospects of oil palm biomass based bio oil value chain . This review aims to provide key insights on bio oil upgrading via extraction and fractionation and a proposed way forward via technology integration in establishing a sustainable palm oil mill based biorefinery . | 9 current separation techniques of bio oil fractionation extraction are reviewed. Extraction efficiency of bio oil and their potential applications are reviewed. Advantages and challenges of each separation technique are identified. Bio oil refining using organic solvent appears to be most promising for upscaling. Oil palm based bio oil value chain with conversion technology is promising. |
S1385894720313991 | Due to the flexible tenability adjustable structure and the facile exchangeability of intercalated anions some kinds of LDHs and their derivatives have demonstrated excellent photocatalytic or electrocatalytic activity hence they could be used as catalysts for organic pollutions degradation harmful anion ions reduction the yield of hydrogen and oxygen carbon dioxide reduction nitrogen fixation and so on . This review mainly summarizes recent developments in photocatalytic electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic properties of LDHs based materials . In addition based on the published experimental data in the references to analyze the difference of their catalyst properties . Obviously an enormous challenge in this fast development field is to synchronously enhance the catalytic activity selectivity and stability of these LDHs based materials by designing novel structure of the catalysts . All in all these LDHs based materials can be used for helping efficiently solve the energy shortage and environment pollution and improve the usage of solar energy . | The preparation methods of series LDHs based functional materials are summarized. Discussion on photo electro catalytic applications in environment and energy sectors. An outlooke of possible future research directions for LDHs based materials. |
S1385894720314005 | Graphene based materials have attracted considerable attentions due to their unique properties . However the negligible and uncontrollable band gap of graphene greatly limits its further applications . Hydrogenation is a facile and well studied chemical modification technique to widen the band gap of graphene with a high tunability . Herein we reveal the structure properties and forming mechanism of hydrogenated graphene summarize recent advances in its synthesis and engineering in terms of plasma hydrogenation thermal cracking Birch reduction and electrochemical reduction and discuss its potential applications in hydrogen storage electronics biomedicines etc . In the last part we further outline the challenges and future research directions for highly efficient graphene hydrogenation . | This article provides a comprehensive overview on hydrogenated graphene HG . Structures properties and applications of HG are discussed. Synthesis methods are evaluated with emphasis on hydrogenation degree of HG. Challenges and future research directions for HG are outlined. |
S1385894720314017 | The main focus of this review is recent advances in the preparation of bio based nanostructures . The structures especially prepared from natural resources have recently gained an interest in researchers work . We summarize novel routes of application in medicine as drug delivery systems and in environmental protection . Additionally their important practical utility in 3D and 4D printing microfluids based synthesis or lab on a chip and organ on a chip has been emphasized . Finally we discuss possible future developments and challenges which may in the future have and influence on industrial and scientific processes . Nanostructures can be presented in various shapes including spheres boxes tubes nanorods and nanohorns . A variety of different shapes are discussed . A significant part of this review is focused on spherical structures which have gained great popularity because of their unique properties and unlimited potential for applications . In most cases they are prepared using inorganic organic compounds or hybrid materials . Recently there has been increasing interest in the fabrication of bio based nanostructures . Natural polymers including lignin chitin cellulose starch as well as peptides can serve as substrates for the production of such particles . These materials are often plant derivatives or by products of industrial processes and are cheap and environmentally friendly . Being nontoxic and biocompatible they offer possible uses in contrast imaging as sensors and as selfcleaning and anticorrosion surfaces . More of the potential application routes are also described . | Current trends in the fabrication and application of biopolymer based micro and nanostructures. Application of advanced structures in medicine environmental protection and biotechnology. Natural polymers including lignin chitin cellulose starch as well as collagen and zein. Core shells hollow spheres and spherical particles from synthesis to practical utility. Organ on a chip lab on a chip and microfluidic devices based on biopolymers. |
S1385894720314029 | The application of polyacrylonitrile fiber in textile and industrial fields faces two important concerns flammability and fiber waste . Herein to address these concerns novel sandwich type Co Zn ZIF MoS | Sandwich type Co Zn ZIF MoS. hybrids were synthesized via in situ growth. Co Zn ZIF MoS. hybrids were applied in reinforcing PAN fiber. Co Zn ZIF MoS. hybrids enhanced mechanical thermal and flame retardant properties. Flame retardant PAN fiber was recycled as hybrid carbons for solar steam generation. |
S1385894720314030 | Integration of microreactors with ultrasound is a promising way to intensify gas liquid mass transfer . The present study locally visualized and characterized the O | Local investigations of the gas liquid mass transfer in microreactors under ultrasonic oscillation. Ultrasound can significantly affect the gas liquid hydrodynamics. Ultrasound can induce a periodic expansion and contraction of the bubble. Enhancement of gas liquid mass transfer by ultrasound is more pronounced during bubble flowing than the formation stage. |
S1385894720314054 | Surfactants have been used often in environmental remediation strategies due to their special amphiphilic nature which alters surface and water interfacial properties . When the aqueous concentration of a cationic surfactant far exceeds the critical micelle concentration a large concentration of cationic micelles will form in water . These micelles each consist of tens to hundreds of surfactant monomers and collectively can be utilized as nano sized ion exchangers to assist with ultrafiltration separation of anionic pollutants from natural waters or wastewaters . Target anionic pollutants include nitrate phosphate arsenate and chromate . However most polluted waters contain a complex mixture of anions with these different anions competing for the micellar pseudo phase thus potentially reducing the overall removal efficiency of the target anions . Further loss of surfactant monomers through the membrane also reduces process efficiency as replenishment of surfactant over time is required . In this review the existing researches on inorganic anion removal by micellar enhanced ultrafiltration and similar processes are summarized . Operating condition factors are discussed including pressure membrane pore size surfactant contaminant concentration ratio and water chemistry conditions . Because most micellar surfactant anion interactions are through outer sphere electrostatic association emphases in this review are given to the measurement of selectivity coefficients used for identifying the affinity of anions to the micelles which generally decreases in the order of Fe | The existing studies on inorganic anion removal by MEUF and similar processes are summarized. Emphasis is given to the measurement of the affinity of anions to the micelles. The development of a speciation model for predicting anion distribution in micellar solutions is summarized. Ways to address improved MEUF process efficiency are also discussed. |
S1385894720314066 | In recent years researchers have combined various drugs to target different phases of impaired diabetic wound healing . Often in such cases the drug that aims to regulate the early phases may be released in the later healing processes or the drug intended to activate the later processes may be released in the early phases this can lead to side effects . Therefore a one drug delivery system that can modulate multiple phases of wound healing is expected to provide a new alternative treatment . In the present study we simultaneously incorporated free thrombin and Th loaded liposomes into a photocrosslinkable gelatin derivative hydrogel Th | Thrombin hydrogel targeting multiple phases of wound healing was designed. The hydrogen bonding enhanced the mechanical property of hydrogel. Thrombin promotes wound healing via the phosphorylation of SMAD3 Ser204 . |
S1385894720314078 | The development of alternative clean and renewable fuels has become the need of the hour due to the decreasing supply of fossil fuels . Solar hydrogen produced from water is a sustainable green substitute for fossil fuels for a variety of applications . However cost effective efficient and stable production of hydrogen fuel from water is a challenge for real world applications . In pursuit of cost effective and large scale commercialization of hydrogen from water attempts were made to describe an up to date knowledge on photoelectrochemical water splitting processes . In this respect solar hydrogen production based on semiconductor photoelectrodes is regarded as a highly effective option . In this review we summarize the development of the PEC based water splitting processes with respect to the efficiency and stability of the PEs . This study is thus expected to help open new paths for the establishment of a sustainable renewable and clean energy economy . | The recent advances achieved in photoanodes cathodes for PEC water splitting are reviewed. Key challenges in the fabrication of highly efficient and stable photoelectrodes are explicated. Deliberations are also given on emerging photoelectrode materials for PEC water splitting. Strategies and outlooks for the future improvement of solar driven PEC devices are highlighted. |
S138589472031408X | Black phosphorus are shining for its promising properties . Due to the instability and agglomeration problem the surface coordination strategy is a key point in practical applications . Herein a ruthenium sulfonate ligand is synthesized to coordinate black phosphorus nanosheets . By virtue of Ru P coordination the lone pair electrons in BP are occupied thus the RuL | Black phosphorene was successfully coordinated by a ruthenium sulfonate ligand. Excellent stability in environment was obtained. Dramatically improved flame retardant efficiency was achieved. Significantly enhanced thermal conductivity with small amount. |
S1385894720314091 | Owing to the low biodegradation and highly recalcitrant nature of pesticide wastewater the conventional anaerobic treatment process is often limited with low organic removal efficiency . In this study based on the existing wastewater treatment system of a pesticide production company a pilot scale original combined system and a pilot scale enhanced combined system were designed and operated in parallel to explore the feasibility and economics of pesticide wastewater treatment . The average effluent BOD | An enhanced combined system was proposed to treat low BOD. COD pesticide wastewater. E HAR can effectively improve the biodegradability of wastewater. Switched operation can reduce the negative impact of two stage anaerobic process. Economic analysis was introduced to evaluate feasibility of enhanced combined system. |
S1385894720314108 | In recent years the recycling of low cost and wide source biomass has caused great concern . The obtained biomass derived porous carbon is widely used as the electrode material of new energy storage device in the field of electrochemistry due to its unique properties such as large specific surface area developed pore structure acid and alkali resistance excellent conductivity and adjustable pore size . At the same time efficient energy storage devices have been gradually developed and upgraded . Various hybrid supercapacitors are widely used as new green energy equipment in hybrid power vehicles and portable electronic products . In this review various activation methods and mechanisms are introduced in detail and the application and research progress of biomaterials in electrochemical energy storage in the past three years are reviewed . The effects of different activation processing methods on the surface modification and micromachining of the obtained carbon materials on the electrochemical performance are briefly discussed . Finally this paper summarizes the current research status of biomass derived porous carbon in energy storage potential future development directions and current challenges to promote the application of biomass derived porous carbon materials in various fields which provide useful insights for further development and utilization of biomass . | Biomass derived porous carbon is widely used for electrochemical energy storage. Various activation methods and mechanisms of biomaterials are summarized. Potential future development and challenges of biomass derived are discussed. |
S1385894720314121 | Keratinous materials the third most abundant polymer in nature after cellulose and chitin are resistant to degradation by chemical and biological hydrolysis . Conventional biocatalytic conversion of refractory keratinous waste has its intrinsic limitations and disadvantages such as low activity and high cost of biocatalysts being time consuming and low yield of value added bio based products . In the present work a novel and simple route for high efficiency biocatalysis of feather wastes is proposed using proteolysis with HDSF assisted conventional protease . This route effectively eliminates the need for substrate specific keratinases as it only uses cheap proteases to degrade 95 of the feather substrate within 2h . Thereby more than 0.8g of high value nutrients and bioactive molecules such as peptides with antidiabetic anti hypertension and antioxidant activities were produced from 1g of feather wastes . In addition different hydrolysis models and degradation mechanisms of keratinolysis and proteolysis of keratins were investigated to gain further insight into the hard to degrade biomass valorization technology . This method can efficiently convert cheap feather wastes into value added bioproducts in an industrial scale . | A new route for high efficient biocatalysis of keratinous wastes was proposed. Cheap proteases can hydrolyze 95 of feather substrate within 2h. More than 0.8g of value added bioactive molecules were produced from 1g of feather wastes. Different hydrolysis modes and mechanisms of keratinolysis and proteolysis of keratins were demonstrated. Open new avenues for biocatalytic conversion of cheap keratinous waste to bio based products in an industrial scale. |
S1385894720314157 | This research was focused on the representation of the fixed bed adsorption of crystal violet dye on treated pecan pericarp | Fixed bed adsorption of crystal violet dye CV on treated pecan pericarp. Mass transfer approach based on the intraparticle diffusion and axial dispersion. The external mass transfer coefficient k. was 4.3910. cm s. The fixed bed adsorption was technically viable. The axial dispersion coefficient D. ranged from 0.7910. to 7.8110. cm |
S1385894720314169 | It is well known that single phase metal oxides can be prepared by using metal organic frameworks as sacrificial templates . In this contribution we report a facile and scalable route for the preparation of multicomponent metal oxide nanomaterials with high dispersion and tailorable chemical compositions . Specifically a series of MMONs have been prepared from the calcination of Mn BTC nanorods together with various transition metal acetylacetonate complexes | Multicomponent metal oxides with high dispersion were successfully fabricated. Transition metal acetylacetonate complexes were firmly anchored on Mn BTC surface. The designed catalysts exhibited excellent performance for VOCs and CO oxidation. Mn. served as an antioxidant which was unfavorable for the oxidation reaction. |
S1385894720314170 | In this study a series of Mn based catalysts with different oxidative states crystal structures and morphologies was applied to activate peroxymonosulfate for the degradation of atrazine . Among them MnO | The generation of Mn III and Mn II is crucial for peroxymonosulfate activation. Multiple reactive species including radicals and non radical were involved. The formation of BrO. is inhibited in MnO. nanowires peroxymonosulfate process. Sixteen intermediates were detected during the degradation of atrazine. |
S1385894720314182 | The competitive adsorption between phosphate and arsenic in natural soil and mineral systems is important for controlling subsurface contaminants . Phosphate is known to adsorb more strongly than As in Fe oxide based mineral systems . Here X ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory were employed to understand the fundamental reaction mechanisms of As and phosphate on an FeS surface . The competitive effect of phosphate in As contaminated soil systems differed with changing FeS concentrations . In soil batches with high FeS contents As was more strongly adsorbed than phosphate and no additional As release was observed in the aqueous phase in the presence of phosphate . Through the XAS measurement of laboratory batch samples the reaction mechanisms could be comprehensively understood including the reduction of As to As the secondary precipitation of sulfide minerals and the adsorption mechanism of As on the surface of FeS . The DFT calculations revealed the relative adsorption strengths on the FeS surface were As phosphate As . Comparing the adsorption energies revealed that As reacted more strongly with FeS than phosphate and As and that the effect of phosphate co occurrence was negligible in the FeSAs system in line with the experimental measurements . | Phosphate has a negligible effect on the arsenic release in the FeS dominant environment. DFT calculations revealed that the relative adsorption strength on FeS As V phosphate As III . DFT allows to understand the sole effect of the adsorption mechanisms in complex FeS chemistry. |
S1385894720314194 | The effect of various alcoholic solvents and their compositions on the size of silica particles synthesized through hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate is studied . The alcohols used are Methanol ethanol propanol i propanol butanol pentanol hexanol octanol decanol and do decanol . Ethanol was used as a co solvent with the higher molecular weight alcohols . Silica particles of size between 100nm and 2m were obtained by changing solvent composition . Concentrations of total soluble silica and silicic acid were measured and used for exploring the kinetics of hydrolysis and condensation reactions . Polarity steric hindrance and viscosity of solvent were found to have a strong influence on the rate constants and size of silica nanoparticles . An attempt is made to correlate both final particle size and rate constants with dielectric constant Wiener index and viscosity of the solvent . | Kinetics of hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS in different alcohols is studied. The reactions are fastest in decanol ethanol and slowest in pure ethanol. The hydrolysis and condensation rates increase with decreasing polarity of the solvent. Particle size could be varied from 400nm to 1700nm by changing solvent. Mixture of ethanol and butanol gives monodispersed particles. |
S1385894720314200 | MXenes have very recently emerged as an intriguing family of graphene like two dimensional layer structured transition metal carbides and or nitrides with a high specific surface area a large interlayer spacing hydrophilicity and abundant highly active surface sites and they have found a niche in environmental remediation as materials capable of efficiently removing and sequestering heavy metals dyes and radioactive nuclides . With exceptional surface tunable chemical compatibility and compositional flexibility MXenes are resistant to radiation induced damage and show high chemical compatibility and excellent thermal stability . They are thought to have the potential to serve as ideal adsorbents for a plethora of radionuclides such as uranium | Exclusively focusing on 2D layered MXenes as promising radionuclides adsorbents. Discusses state of the art research on. U. Th. Cs. Sr and. Ba removal. Discusses the structure synthesis and properties of MXenes. Discusses ion exchange inner sphere complexation in radionuclide adsorption. Discusses MXenes challenges and research directions for environmental remediation. |
S1385894720314212 | With the progress of intelligent electronic equipment flexible and wearable strain sensors are being widely used in various applications such as electronic skins and smart robot . In this work we proposed a facile method for the preparation of stretchable strain sensors as well as compressible strain sensors by using commercially available melamine form . Firstly MF was coated with reduced graphene oxide to construct conductive networks via layer by layer assembly of polyethyleneimine and graphene oxide followed by chemical reduction . Thermoplastic elastomer poly styrene | Melamine foams were used as raw materials for strain sensors preparation. The sensors were prepared by dip coating and solution absorption of rGO and SEBS. The strain sensors could be stretchable as well as compressible. The sensors exhibited good durability and potential in human motion monitoring. |
S1385894720314236 | Heavy metal and other toxicant detection in natural resources like water air soil and food is vital for environmental safety personal hygiene and public health care . Abundant number of sensor has acquired its wide and pivotal role in establishing the peaceful and healthy environments . The reliable features such as detection range response recovery time stability and portability is in its urgency for achieving its lifetime applicability . For ultrasensitive chemosensory applications colorimetric and fluorescent nanofibers engender a linear range the lowest detection limit and faster response toward harmful toxic pollutants such as heavy metals and other toxicants including gases pH temperature humidity and cancer cells . In this review we surveyed various modes of sensing sensor fabrication and the evolution of naked eye visible color optical sensors developed with electrospun nanofibrous membranes along with their strength and weaknesses . The review outlines the obstacles trends and breakthroughs achieved in optical sensory nanofibers and it will definitely inspire the research community in recognizing and overcoming the interdisciplinary challenges to achieve the cleaner greener environment . | Electrospun optical nanofiber serves better for toxicant sensing. Optical nanofiber membranes morphology governs the toxicant sensing. Optical sensory nanofibers work promising with good sensitivity. Sensing modes and easy readouts contributes for rapid toxicant detection. |
S1385894720314248 | The practical deployment of high energy Lithium sulfur batteries has been largely impeded by inferior cycling performance and poor rate capability owning to polysulfides shuttling and sluggish reaction kinetics . To conquer both the two problems simultaneously herein an effective sulfur host has been demonstrated through implanting vanadium nitride nanoparticles homogeneously into nitrogen doped 3D interconnected pore graphene hybrid architecture . The VN nanoparticles derived from the cracking and transformation of V | VN N rGO are synthesized via carbonization process of V. GO. Theoretical simulations were performed to verify the chemisorption between the VN nanocrystals and LiPSs. The catalytic effect of VN N rGO are verified by CV and EIS test in symmetric Li. Li. batteries. |
S1385894720314261 | The preparation of surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate with both structural stability and SERS activity under extreme pH conditions faces several problems including tedious preparation time consuming processes high cost and the need for professional equipment and personnel . Herein a facile preparation protocol for a large scale nanoarray film substrate was developed for multi purpose SERS sensing . Through a simple self assembly process under specific conditions well ordered highly sensitive structurally tunable acid alkali resistant and disposable | Tunable structural. coralloid nanoarrays for multi purpose SERS sensing is proposed. Synthesized nanoarrays show excellent sensitivity and reproducibility as SERS substrate. The nanoarrays maintain its original morphology and SERS activity over a wide pH range. |
S1385894720314285 | Diabetic cataract is a kind of worrying ocular complications that eventually leads to blindness . However there are a narrow range of pharmacological interventions to enable control the progression of DC especially the eye drops based on noninvasive routes . In this work we developed a kind of strong antioxidant Pt nanoclusters coated with cell penetrating peptide conjugated dextran . The DTPNCs were dispersed in 0.1 Pluronic F127 to form eye drops which have the ability of corneal permeation . The results indicate that the presence of 0.1 Pluronic F127 resists the clearance of tear film against DTPNCs and TAT conjugated dextran contribute to the interaction and permeation with corneal barriers with the help of electrostatic interaction in vivo . More importantly the DTPNCs possess effective antioxidant capacities and can protect the lens epithelial cells against oxidative stress by eliminating ROS and impose restrictions on the crystallin glycation and crosslinking in vitro further to slow down the process of DC . We hope that our approach will provide a promising non invasive and painless treatment to DC . | Pt nanoclusters coated with TAT conjugated dextran DTPNCs dispersed in 0.1 F127 W V were developed. DTPNCs exhibit antioxidant and anti glycated activities. DTPNCs demonstrate the significant effect of corneal permeation excellent water solubility safety and biocompatibility. DTPNCs as eye drops for non invasive and painless relief of diabetic cataract in rats. |
S1385894720314297 | Bio augmentation could be a promising strategy to improve processes for treatment and resource recovery from wastewater . In this study the Gram positive bacterium | Bio augmented wastewater with. rapidly removed nitrate from wastewater. Bio augmentation promoted growth of. and. Both bio augmentation and electrical current in BES promoted butyrate production. Bio augmentation combined with BES boost denitrification and butyrate production. |
S1385894720314303 | We prepared an Ag Pd bimetallic nanozyme with the peroxidase like activity as a nanocarrier to load doxorubicin . It combines photothermal conversion ability and catalytic production of hydroxyl radicals to achieve enhanced antitumor effects . The temperature rise under near infrared laser irradiation was recorded to demonstrate the photothermal conversion ability of the Ag Pd bimetallic nanoparticles . The peroxidase like activity of the AgPd NPs was visually characterized by a color rendering experiment of TMB . Compared with bare Ag NPs bimetallic AgPd NPs exhibit better photothermal conversion capability and catalytic ability resulting from alloying with palladium . The antitumor effect was evaluated by cell experiments and tumor bearing mice experiments and it was confirmed that | AgPd bimetallic nanozyme possesses outstanding peroxidase like activity. Superior catalytic efficacy of AgPd nanozyme results from alloying of Ag and Pd. The lower pH value 7.45.5 the stronger catalytic ability of AgPd nanozyme. AgPd nanozyme has higher photothermal conversion efficiency than Ag nanoparticle. |
S1385894720314315 | It is a challenge to compound hydrophilic MXene nanosheets with hydrophobic elastomers for various applications such as stretchable devices . In this work Ti | A new method to modify MXene for improved composite interface via covalent bonding. Highly improved electrical and thermal conductivity of elastomer composites. MXene increased Youngs modulus and tensile strength by 700 and 240. Youngs moduli of nanocomposites agree well with the modified Halpin Tsai model. MXene nanocomposites outperformed those containing graphene and boron nitride. |
S1385894720314327 | Pharmaceutical pollutants have become a worldwide concern . These emerging contaminants are ubiquitously found in different water streams with concentrations above ecotoxicity endpoints deteriorating aquatic life and water quality . This study evaluated extensively the efficacy of porous graphene synthesised at relatively low temperature as a potential candidate for the removal of six widely utilised pharmaceuticals from their aqueous solutions such as atenolol carbamazepine ciprofloxacin diclofenac gemfibrozil and ibuprofen . Detailed batch tests were conducted to investigate the effects of adsorption time initial EC concentration PG dosage solution pH and temperature . Treatment efficiencies of ECs removal by PG were compared with those removed by carbonaceous counterparts . Mixed solutions of these ECs were treated in different water bodies to test PG as a tertiary treatment option . The mechanism of adsorption was explored via thermodynamic studies adsorption kinetics and isotherm modelling and characterisation of PG sorbent before and after ECs adsorption using TEM SEM EDS XRD FT IR Raman spectroscopy and other analyses . The results revealed fast kinetics and adsorption capacities exceeding 100mg EC g PG for some of ECs and high removal efficiencies for trace concentrations of all selected ECs at a low dose of PG . Removal efficiencies of mixed ECs in water and wastewater samples suffered from negative interferences which can be mitigated by increasing the PG dosage . Adsorption processes were heterogeneous and controlled by physisorption . Further results showed the exothermic nature of the enthalpy driven adsorption process and the recyclability potential of PG . It can be considered that PG could be used as a promising candidate for efficient treatment of water contaminated with ECs related to the pharmaceutical group . | Adsorption mechanisms of 6 emerging contaminants ECs on porous graphene PG were revealed. The heterogeneous adsorption was mainly described by Toth and Sips isotherm models. PGs treatment efficiency for ECs mixture was broadly robust in real samples studies. Decontaminating ECs trace concentrations reached 99 at a low dose of PG. PG showed a promising recyclability potential for the 6 ECs 10 drop after 4 cycles . |
S1385894720314339 | Polar bears have special hairs with porous microstructure and hydrophobic surface which help them keep warm in both cold air and water . Due to the large difference in temperature and heat transfer process of aquatic and terrestrial environments it is quite difficult for typical thermal insulating materials to maintain ideal insulation in air and underwater at the same time . To tackle this problem we report here a superhydrophobic porous textile mimicking the outstanding thermal insulating properties of polar bear hairs . Fibers used to weave this textile are fabricated by a freeze spinning method providing them aligned porous microstructure . After a superhydrophobic surface treatment the obtained textile with porous microstructure and superhydrophobic surface is capable of capturing air in its multi scale porous structure promising an excellent thermal insulating ability in both air and water environments . Our study paves a way for the bioinspired engineering of thermal insulation textiles both in air and underwater . | Proposes a simple and feasible method for thermal insulation underwater. The textile shows excellent thermal insulating abilities both in air and underwater. The thermal insulating ability is stable under different water environments. |
S1385894720314340 | Thermosetting resins with narrow processing window are difficult to be processed by conventional melting processing methods . In this paper a novel molding sintering processing method inspired by powder metallurgy was introduced to address the processing issue of thermosetting resin with narrow processing window . Bio based adenine phthalonitrile was employed to verify the processability of MSP . Results demonstrated that ADCN resin processed by MSP possess excellent thermal and thermomechanical properties . Furthermore MSP not only handle the processing issue of thermosetting resin with narrow processing window but also introduce the characteristics such as reducing composition segregation into thermosetting system . Graphene and ADCN composite was prepared to demonstrate the characteristic mentioned above . PADCN composite with graphene spread uniformly has been prepared by ball milling blending MSP method . Preliminary research indicated the outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of graphene ADCN composite . | A novel molding sintering processing MSP method is introduced. Processing issue of narrow processing window thermosetting resin is solved by MSP. MSP facilitates the uniform dispersion of multiple components in composites. Composite processed by MSP exhibits good electromagnetic interference performance. |
S1385894720314352 | In the present study a comparative analysis of the flow patterns and pressure drop in a serpentine miniature geometry of inner diameter 2mm and a serpentine annulus miniature geometry with an effective inner diameter 1.73mm are carried out . Three pairs of liquids have been considered for this purpose . Four different flow patterns have been observed in serpentine geometry while only two flow patterns are observed in serpentine annulus geometry . The range of occurrence of flow patterns depends on if the low or high viscous medium liquid surrounds the dispersed phase . The effect of phase properties found to be diminished if a hydrophilic wire is placed inside the serpentine geometry . It enhances slug coalescence and subsequent break up and leads to the formation of slug droplet and dispersed droplet flow patterns across all the liquid pairs . Further a unified approach is proposed to estimate the drop in pressure which shows an acceptable agreement with the experimental results . | Different liquid pairs tested for flow behavior in serpentine geometry. Appearance and existence of flow patterns depend on viscosity of continuous phase. Placing a hydrophilic wire leads to uniform flow patterns nullifying the effect of viscosity. Flow patterns characterized by Probability Density Functions of pressure signals. Unified model proposed with modified friction factor for pressure drop prediction. |
S1385894720314376 | Materials with highly absorptive property have been used to control bleeding by creating a physical barrier at the wound . Additionally studies have suggested that macroporosity cationic chemical groups and microparticle morphology are advantageous attributes for hemostatic materials . Yet no study to date has capitalized on these properties synergistically and integrates them into the development of multifunctional materials for enhanced performance in hemorrhage hemostasis . Here we present the preparation of such a new hemostatic sponge material using a facile and green method . The process simply involves epoxy amine click reaction in water coupled with the phenomenon of temperature induced phase separation of polymer solution . It enables the convergence of multiple key features with hemostasis significance into the material . Specifically phase separation results in the epoxy amine sponge being hierarchically structured with macroporosity for high water uptake while its microparticle structural units amenable for encapsulation of hydrophobic guests . Additionally the EA sponge is inherently rich in amine groups and thus can potentially exhibit a positive charge based procoagulant effect . The material is pliable and demonstrates excellent hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility . It also shows improved hemostatic performance over commercial products of gauze and gelatin sponge supported by findings of | Integration of click reaction with temperature induced phase separation for facile preparation. Convergence of macroporosity cationic chemical groups and microparticle morphology in a single hemostatic material. Hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility demonstrated. Hemostatic activity enhanced and multifaceted hemostatic mechanisms proposed. |
S138589472031439X | Polymer composites with excellent thermal conductivity low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss are urgently required for microelectronics and wireless communication systems . However traditional thermal conductive polymer composites realized by simply adding inorganic fillers can not have high thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation concurrently which greatly hinders the practical application . In this work a facile and scalable assembly technique to construct a three dimensional boron nitride foam for the formation of 3D BN epoxy composites has been proposed to address this long standing challenge . Herein we built a self support and pressure reinforced 3D BN foam composed of only bulk BN microplates to serve as the thermal pathway . The obtained composite with greatly enhanced thermal conductivity enhancement exhibits the highest through plane thermal conductivity of 6.11Wm | A 3D boron nitride foam was fabricated by the sacrifice of NH. HCO. template. The 3D boron nitride foam serves as a more effective heat transfer pathway. Significantly enhanced thermal conductivity was achieved. Finite element simulation revealed the reasons and strategies for improving thermal conductivity. |
S138589472031442X | In consideration of urgent need to detect trace nitroaromatic contaminants in the environment an ultrasensitive environmental sensing for NACs detection based on Prussian blue analogues cubes in situ grown on glucose derived porous carbon materials was synthesized for the first time via a simple one pot pyrolysis process followed by acid pickling . The prepared PBAcs PC 800 sensor possesses abundant cyano groups with lone pair electrons conjugated effect of porous carbon and NACs high conductive carbon lattices and numerous active redox sites on PBAs which boost the pre adsorption of NACs the electron transfer rate and the electrocatalysis activity toward reduction of NACs . Those synergetic effects endow the prepared PBAcs PC 800 GC electrode with not only wide detection range from 1 to 1000ppb for dinitrobenzene detection but also an clear response to DNB at a level of 110ppb with an extremely high sensitivity of 443.1 A ppm | Prussian blue analogues cubes were in situ grown on glucose derived porous carbon. The sensitivity for nitroaromatic contaminants NACs detection is ultra high. The pre adsorption and the electrocatalysis activity of NACs reduction are enhanced. The sensor exhibited a distinctive current response to NACs at a level of 1ppb. |
S1385894720314431 | Lithium sublattice nanoparticles have recently shown to be a promising nano sized host candidate for photon upconversion of lanthanides . However it remains a challenge for the controllable synthesis of high quality lithium sublattice core shell nanostructures due to its tetragonal crystal structure in contrast to the commonly investigated hexagonal sodium sublattice counterparts . Herein we present a novel synthetic strategy of using the pre synthesized optically active seeds to guide the epitaxial growth of LiGdF | Using functional seeds for synthesis of lithium based core shell nanostructures. Both upconverting and down shifting emissions are available through IET route. Lithium based nanoparticles show good spectral Stark splitting feature. Tri channel emissions are achievable for multiple anti counterfeiting identification. |
S1385894720314443 | In this study we have prepared the series of nanohybrids of Cr based metal organic framework and cobalt phthalocyanine nanoparticles denoted as | Cr MOF and CoPc nanohybrids novel platforms of cytosensors the detection of living CT26 cells. Ultra low detection limit 36 and 8cellsmL. EIS or DPV 50110. cellsmL. High selectivity good stability and acceptable reproducibility. |
S1385894720314455 | Hypoxia inducible factor 1 plays a critical role in tumor development and chemotherapy resistance and suppression of HIF 1 has emerged as a captivating antitumor approach . To efficiently silence HIF 1 in deep hypoxic tumors we herein developed a versatile small interfering RNA delivery system that could overcome multiple physiological barriers . The system is comprised of an Fe | The magnetic nanocluster possessed both superior magnetization and superparamagnetism. The chimeric membrane integrated diverse membrane functions remedying the defects from single membrane. The enzymolysis by hyaluronidase was strengthened through membrane fluidity. The silence of HIF 1 not only inhibited tumor growth but also ameliorated chemoresistance. |
S1385894720314467 | Developing cost effective methodologies for fabricating efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts is pivotal to boost electrochemical water splitting . Herein we report an integrated composite which is composed of NiFeO | The composites consisting of NiFeO. OH. and vertically oriented MoS. nanosheets on reduced graphene oxide has been prepared. The promoting roles of MoS. nanosheets on oxygen evolution reaction have been proposed. The integrated electrocatalyst shows high activity and superior durability for water splitting. |
S1385894720314492 | Hydrogen evolution reaction on commercial precious metal catalysts in acid solution is a robust process but in alkaline media suffers from limitations in HER activity and stability because of the sluggish kinetics of water dissociation step on noble metal catalysts . Here carbon fiber supported porous nickel phosphide nanosheets have been used to decorate ruthenium nanoclusters | A facile electrodeposition process is used to decorate Ru NCs on P Ni. P NSs. A well synergistic interaction between metallic Ni. P and Ru is clarified. The. P Ru enables highly efficient and long stability towards alkaline HER. |
S1385894720314509 | Progesterone a widely used progestogen has become a refractory pollutant present in urban runoff . The removal of PGT in wastewater is urgent owing to its endocrine disruption . In this study a nano CuO loaded halloysite nanotube was prepared by a simple hydrothermal method which could be used as a catalyst to activate persulfate for the degradation of PGT . The characterizations showed that the nano CuO was uniformly loaded on the HNTs to form corn like structures with a large specific surface area . The optimal PGT degradation efficiency was achieved with the addition of 0.5g L catalyst and 7mM PS . The effects of pH HCO | The optimal conditions for the degradation of PGT by CuO HNTs PS system were explored. CuO HNTs PS system have excellent anti interference ability. Coexisting free radical and nonradical pathways were verified. The possible degradation pathway and the intermediates of PGT were proposed. |
S1385894720314522 | Decontamination and recovery of uranium from radioactive wastewater is vital to sustainable nuclear power production and reclamation of radioactive waste . As a promising technology of water treatment capacitive deionization for adsorption of U started to attract attention . Herein for the first time a floriform WO | Floriform WO. C electrode were developed for electrosorption of U VI from water. The charge discharge process of WO. C primarily belongs to capacitive controlled behavior. WO. C electrodes achieve a maximum U VI electrosorption capacity of 449.9mgg. at 1.2V. Electrosorption of U VI is credited to synergistic effect of EDLs and pseudocapacitance from WO. C. |
S1385894720314571 | In this study we designed a novel three dimensional Boron doped diamond anode by the regulation of ordered pore structures with BDD as the functional unit from the viewpoint of ordered structures with functional units enabling the prepared three dimensional interpenetrating network ordered structure 3D BDD electrodes possess the privileges of large specific surface area and high mass transfer rate . The electrochemical oxidation degradation experiment showed the prepared 3D porous ordered structure BDD anode with optimized OSFU could achieve almost 100 decolorization efficiency and 77.71 TOC removal for high concentrated 100mg L | Synthesis of novel three dimensional 3D BDD anode. 3D BDD electrodes maintain high current efficiency. Rapid liquid phase flow and high turbulent kinetic energy. The effect of BDD functional unit and ordered pore structures was verified. |
S1385894720314595 | Metal phosphide materials with unique nanostructures are of great interest for electrocatalysis . Herein an ion induction strategy is developed to synthesize a family of carbon incorporated homobimetallic phosphide electrocatalyst of hierarchical hollow polyhedral nanocages composed of ultrathin 2D subunits . The unique morphological structure effectively optimize the surface active sites accelerate the charge transfer and thus boost their superior catalytic activity . Density functional theory calculations reveal that not only the homogenously doped secondary metals but also the incorporated carbon effectively regulates the electronic structure and as a result collaboratively lower the kinetic energy barrier for the OER . Electrochemical measurements show high OER efficiency @ 10mAcm | A general ion inducing method was developed to obtain the unique electrocatalyst. The doped C and the secondary metal help to modulate the electronic structure. The hollow structure and 2D nanosheets collaborate to optimize the mass activity. Extrinsic morphology and intrinsic electronic modulation synergistically boost OER. |
S1385894720314601 | Multicomponent photocatalysts loaded with two interfacial co catalysts may exhibit greater improvement in hydrogen evolution than those without any co catalyst or with only one co catalyst . Two major issues should be solved in developing such photocatalysts . One is how to obtain photocatalysts with two interfacial co catalysts by a controllable approach . The other is what are key factors affecting photocatalytic activity . In this study TiO | TiO. based photocatalysts loaded with two interfacial co catalysts are prepared. Interface sequence of N doped carbon layer and Au nanoparticles are engineered. Direct Au TiO. interface enhances the separation efficiency of electrons holes. N Doped C layer on Au TiO. interface achieves a synergistic effect in H. production. |
S1385894720314613 | We propose a design procedure for the generation of the training set for Machine Learning algorithms with a specific focus on the approximation of computationally intensive first principles kinetic models in catalysis . The procedure is based on the function topology and behavior by means of the calculation of the discrete gradient and on the relative importance of the independent variables . We apply the proposed methodology to the tabulation and regression of mean field and kinetic Monte Carlo models aiming at their coupling with reactor simulations . Our tests in the context both of mean field kinetics and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations show that the procedure is able to design a dataset that requires between 60 and 80 fewer data points to achieve the same approximation accuracy than the one obtained with an evenly distributed grid . This strong reduction in the number of points results in a significant computational gain and a concomitant boost of the approximation efficiency . The Machine Learning algorithms trained with the results of the procedure are then included in both macroscopic reactor models and computational fluid dynamics simulations . First a Plug Flow Reactor is employed to carry out a direct comparison with the solution of the full first principles kinetic model . The results show an excellent agreement within 0.2 between the models . Then the CFD simulation of complex tridimensional geometry is carried out by using a tabulated kMC model for CO oxidation on Ruthenium oxide thus providing a showcase of the capability of the approach in making possible the multiscale simulation of complex chemical reactors . | A design procedure of the training data for Machine Learning algorithms is proposed. Accurate prediction with up to 80 less datapoints than evenly distributed grid. Proof of concept of multiscale simulations based on kMC and microkinetic modelling. |
S1385894720314625 | Lateral heterostructures consisting of two dimensional layered materials are generally nanosheets that are unfavourable to various applications such as photocatalysis because they are prone to agglomerate and against for multiple absorption and utilization of light . Herein for the first time we prepare ultra thin tubular LHSs of graphitic carbon nitride and carbon dots with thickness of 8.0nm via a facile one step thermal polymerization of the supramolecular complexes composed of melamine cyanuric acid and cyclodextrin as starting monomers . Interestingly the structural topology of the CN C Dots LHSs can be effectively modulated by the amount of CyD . The obtained tubular porous LHSs are nearly perfect nanotubes with wall thickness of about 8.0nm the smallest one reported so far which not only greatly increases the accessibility of active sites and light harvesting via high light absorption and scattering but also shortens the route of carriers migrating towards the surface and improves the mass transport . In comparison with CN the optimized ultra thin tubular porous CN C Dots | Ultra thin tubular porous CN C Dots LHSs were successfully fabricated. CN C Dots LHSs are nearly perfect nanotubes with wall thickness of about 8.0nm. CN C Dots LHSs is demonstrated to enhance the charge carriers transport of CN. The ultra efficient HER activity of 24 760molh. and AQY of 21.2 are achieved. |
S1385894720314649 | Titanium based spinel anodes had always been a favourite for lithium ion batteries owing to their excellent stability safety and ease of fabrication . LiCrTiO | 1.4 V class Rocking chair type Li ion cells are fabricated with LiCrTiO. cathode. Ti. to T. couple is used for the reversible intercalation of Li ions. Graphite anode is recovered from the spent Li ion battery. Prior to the fabrication of Li ion cells the anode is electrochemically lithiated LiC. . The LiCrTiO. LiC. showed a maximum energy density of 103Whkg |
S1385894720314650 | In this study secondary pyrolysis oil based drilling cuttings ash was used to remediate chromium contaminated soil . The effects of the OBCDA sp mesh OBCDA sp dosage and soil moisture content on the removal of Cr were investigated . Subsequently a kinetic experiment was conducted where the pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetic models both fitted well on OBDCA sp with the adsorption process of Cr in soil . The change of the chromium form indicated that the addition of OBCDA sp transformed Cr from an effective state to a stable form reducing its mobility and bioavailability . X ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis were used to verify the potential mechanism of Cr removal Ba Fe S and P elements in OBCDA sp were observed to play a significant role in the reduction of Cr . The results from this study indicate that OBCDA sp could be an emergent and promising alternative for the remediation of Cr contaminated soil . | The novel utilization avenue of oil based drilling cuttings ash has been proposed. OBDCA sp was used to remediate Cr contaminated soil. Addition of OBCDA sp transformed Cr from an effective state to a stable form. The mechanism of Cr VI transformation in soil has been speculated. OBDCA sp could be a promising alternative for remediation of Cr contaminated soil. |
S1385894720314674 | A framework is presented for deriving accurate predictive models of nonlinear processes based on data either experimental or computational or a combination thereof . The derived model is low dimensional hence appropriate to be used as an efficient Digital Twin of the process at hand . Diffusion Maps a nonlinear dimensionality reduction algorithm is implemented in order to identify an economical description of the data . This can be thought of as a nonlinear counterpart of Principal Component Analysis that instead of passing linear hyperplanes through the data identifies a parametrization of the low dimensional manifold on which the data are sampled from . As a result in nonlinear processes such as the tubular reactor model used here as a case study where multiple states may be observed experimentally or in simulations for the same set of parameter values the proposed approach is able to identify a low dimensional yet accurate representation of the data . In order to make out of sample predictions appropriately trained artificial neural networks are implemented . Both the training and application of the neural networks requires limited computational effort because of the dimensionality reduction step that precedes . | A low dimensional predictive model of nonlinear processes is proposed. Diffusion maps are implemented to identify low dimensional parametrization. Neural Networks infer correlation between parameters and Diffusion coordinates. Inverse map retrieves ambient space variables from Diffusion Maps coordinates. Nearest neighbor interpolation with Radial basis functions and Geometric Harmonics. |
S1385894720314686 | Polyaniline Perylene diimide organic heterojunction photocatalyst with three dimensional structure has been successfully prepared via an in situ growth process . 3D PANI PDI | 3D PANI PDI organic heterojunction was successfully constructed. Excellent photocatalytic performance and stability for TC degradation. Larger delocalized conjugated system and energy matched heterojunction structure. Possible pathways and mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of TC. |
S1385894720314698 | Multifunctional ceramic membranes have evolved to be among the most promising means of removing refractory organic pollutants . The aims of this study were to develop a ceramic membrane by coating iron oxychloride via a coupling agent and to evaluate its potential photocatalytic activation and antifouling performance . Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy spectra of the photo Fenton membrane revealed the successful incorporation of FeOCl in the materials developed . The reaction kinetics degradation mechanism antifouling performance and stability of the membrane were thoroughly investigated using nitrobenzene as a model pollutant . The experimental results showed that the degradation rate of NB and antifouling ability of the membrane significantly enhanced due to the photo Fenton reaction on the surface of the membrane . From quenching experiments we determined that the main reactive species produced in the coupling system were hydroxyl radicals | Multifunctional ceramic membranes can effectively remove organic pollutants. An FeOCl coating was developed to reduce fouling and improve pollutant removal. Photo Fenton reactions on the membrane surface improved performance and stability. The material developed can be used to treat wastewater polluted by organic matter. |
S1385894720314704 | Hypoxia plays a pivotal role in malignant tumor invasion and metastasis affecting tumor therapeutic effect and tumor immune microenvironment . Previous studies have proved that manganese dioxide MnO | PLGA MnO. cell membrane nanoplatform was fabricated by agglomerated MnO. could homogeneously target 4T1 cells and reshape tumor microenvironment. Immune activation could be improved by. under a 660 nm laser irradiation. NIF and MR imaging capability of nanoplatform can further guide cancer treatment. |
S1385894720315898 | This work analyses the deactivation of activated carbon supported Rh and Ru catalysts in the hydrodechlorination of dichloromethane and chloroform . The deactivation can be mainly attributed to the coverage of active metal centres by organometallic species resulting from the chemisorption of reaction products such as olefins at the electro deficient metal sites . With DCM the activity of Ru C decreased by more than 80 after 90h on stream at 250C and with a space time of 1.7kghmol | Rh C and Ru C are active in the HDC of chloromethanes but they deactivate strongly. The severe deactivation is attributed to the formation of organometallic complexes. Regeneration treatment with air at 250C allows recovery the catalytic activity. After each deactivation regeneration cycle the selectivity to olefins increases. Selectivity to olefins is related to the presence of C O groups in the catalyst. |
S1385894720316089 | Quinoline a refractory organic pollutant in coking wastewater will harm human health and the environment if discharged directly . However if recycled it has considerable economic value . To realise the efficient and selective adsorption of quinoline from coking wastewater a novel magnetic surface molecularly imprinted polymer was prepared for the specific removal and recycling of quinoline using magnetic carbon nanospheres as a carrier quinoline as a template molecule and acrylamide as a functional monomer . The key preparation conditions were systematically optimised . The structure morphology and adsorption behaviours of SMIP MCNSs were investigated in detail . With an imprinted layer thickness of approximately 9nm SMIP MCNSs exhibits favourable magnetic responsivity good adsorption performance and reusability . Owing to the existence of imprinted cavities for an initial quinoline concentration of 50mg L | A magnetic carbon nanosphere based SMIP was prepared. SMIP achieves the high selective adsorption of quinoline in water. SMIP can be easily separated from liquid phase by magnetic field. Performance of SMIP was proved by both adsorption capacity and PC. |
S1385894720316090 | The design and fabrication of high performance noble metal free electrocatalysts with controlled structure and composition remains a great challenge for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction . Herein self supported Co Mo | Self supported Co Mo. C carbon nanofiber mats have been developed. Co Mo. C CNF can be directly acted as electrocatalyst due to its self supported structure. The synergistic modulation of Co and Mo. C can obviously enhance the HER performance. |
S1385894720316119 | Internal concentration polarization is a significant problem in Forward osmosis membranes which reduces the water flux . In order to mitigate the ICP phenomenon rice bran and wood sawdust particles were selected as natural green pore formers and incorporated into the polyethersulfone matrix to fabricate mixed matrix membranes . Fabricated MMMs were used as the porous support layer to make thin film composite FO membranes . Firstly the water uptake experiment was performed to evaluate the water adsorption capacity of the RB and WSD particles . Furthermore all samples were characterized by FTIR FESEM AFM XPS DLS static contact angle and tensile strength . Also performance tests in reverse osmosis and the FO units were performed to evaluate the fabricated membranes . The results showed that the use of RB and WSD particles dramatically reduced the structural parameter in all MMMs resulting in lower ICP effects and high water flux . Due to the softer structure smaller size and more water uptake the RB based TFC membranes recorded better results . The TFC RB 5 was the best membrane with a water flux of about 65.71L m | TFC membranes supported on RB and WSD based MMMs were fabricated for FO process. Incorporation of both RB and WSD particles in the TFC SL resulted in a dramatic decrease in structural parameters. Control of the DICP phenomenon was achieved with the use of RB and WSD particles. The positive impact of using the RB and WSD particles on Caspian seawater desalination was evident. These valuable results achieved at a highly low cost and in a simple modifying method. |
S1385894720316132 | Thermocatalytic oxidation over supported noble metal catalysts shows a promising application prospect in eliminating VOCs . However the high consumption of the expensive noble metals and input energy as well as catalyst deactivation from H | Photothermocatalytic synergistic oxidation overcomes the negative effect of H. O. Photothermocatalytic synergistic oxidation enhances VOCs oxidation efficiency. Relative dominance of photocatalysis and thermocatalysis is identified. |
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