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December 21st, 2008
The gifts I have knitted for Christmas this year are slowly starting to make their way to their recipients. The first ones to go were 2 Elijahs. They have both been renamed, I suspect inspired by an epic trilogy of movies an actor called Elijah had a major part in. Although I know they will be well loved and cared for, it was very hard to let them go.
The first Elijah (let’s call him One) was made around Christmas time last year. However, as I couldn’t get the other Elijah (Two) made in time for Christmas last year, One stayed with me all through the year, waiting for Two to be made. The only photos I have of One were taken soon after he was finished, terrible photos taken under incandescent light. When I meet up with One’s new owner in the new year, I’ll take some hopefully better photos.
Both One and Two were comfortably made from one ball of Rustic. I think Earth is a perfect elephant colour, being a nice mix of light brown and grey. To distinguish between the two, I knit small garter stitch scarves from scraps of Noro Kureyon sock yarn, left over from another Christmas present which is currently blocking. I had real trouble with getting the french knots to look even for both One and Two’s eyes, so I opted to embroider (in the loosest sense of the word) small rectangles using scraps of black 8 ply acrylic.
It seems that in the intervening period between knitting One and Two, my gauge had become a bit looser, as Two turned out a little bigger, despite using the same yarn and needles. I also think I’m knitting a little faster these days, as Two took a smidge over a week, which seemed a lot shorter than the time needed to knit One.
I shall end with my favourite part of Elijah: his hands and feet. I think it’s a lovely pattern, and very easy to follow, but doing the arms and legs were my favourite part, both times round. I find them almost too cute to deal with. | <urn:uuid:38a0a979-71e7-466c-b129-dfae35d26ff7> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://knit.pransell.com/2008/12/present-exodus/ | 2021-02-25T12:46:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178351134.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225124124-20210225154124-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.987175 | 445 | [
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Transferring Human Motion to Humanoid Robots - Transferring Human Motion to Humanoid Robots - HRI-US
Transferring Human Motion to Humanoid Robots
Transferring motion from a human demonstrator to a humanoid robot is an important step toward developing robots that are easily programmable and that can replicate or learn from observed human motion. The so called motion retargeting problem has been well studied and several off-line solutions exist based on optimization approaches that rely on pre-recorded human motion data collected from a marker-based motion capture system. From the perspective of human robot interaction, there is a growing interest in online motion transfer, particularly without using markers. Such requirements have placed stringent demands on retargeting algorithms and limited the potential use of off-line and pre-recorded methods. To address these limitations, we have developed an online task space control theoretic retargeting formulation to generate robot joint motions that adhere to the robot's balance constraints, joint limit constraints, joint velocity constraints, and self-collision constraints. The inputs to the proposed method include low dimensional normalized human motion descriptors, detected and tracked using a vision based key-point detection and tracking algorithm. The proposed vision algorithm does not rely on markers placed on anatomical landmarks, nor does it require special instrumentation or calibration. The implementation requires a depth image sequence, which is collected from a single time of flight imaging device such as a Kinect sensor. The feasibility of the proposed approach is shown by means of online experimental results on the Honda humanoid robot - ASIMO. | <urn:uuid:fc723087-4489-4bf8-848c-12e8ecd09a3a> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://usa.honda-ri.com/-/transferring-human-motion-to-humanoid-robots?p_r_p_categoryId=37279 | 2021-02-25T13:25:51Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178351134.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225124124-20210225154124-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.922362 | 309 | [
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William T. “Bill” Olson, age 85, passed way Wednesday, October 17, 2012 at Colfax Health and Rehab Center.
He was born on September 16, 1927 in Duluth Minnesota to Carl William and Ada Mae (Tabor) Olson. In 1945 Bill graduate of Osceola High School where he first met his English teacher and later wife of 64 years Alice Boardman. He proudly served his country as a member of the US Navy both during WWII and the Korean Conflict. Bill married Alice on June 22, 1948 in New Richmond, Wisconsin. He attended mortuary school and worked as a funeral director in Osceola, Madison, Waterloo, and then in 1951 came to Bloomer and worked for Henry Werner. In 1954 he purchased the business and it became Olson Funeral Home. Bill thought of the funeral business as a ministry and he truly loved helping others. He was a member of the Wisconsin Funeral Director’s Association for 62 years. He believed in supporting the community and was a founding member of the Bloomer Chamber of Commerce, Bloomer IDC, and was on the visionary committee for the Bloomer Hospital. Bill was not only a member, but served in leadership roles in many local organizations including: Bloomer American Legion, Masonic Lodge, The York Rite, the Consistory, Shrine Club, Lion’s Club, Moose Lodge, and the Kiwanis. He was a “Flaming Methodist” and was a member of the church council for 50 years and served as the treasurer for 46 years. Alice and Bill traveled the countryside to find a place to dance or to ride horses. His true joy was his family, friends, and his farm, spending countless hours riding and training horses, cutting trails and chopping wood. He built the barns on the farm from old telephone poles and lumber cut from the woods on the property. There was never a “short story” with Bill, there was always a parable or witty remark in every conversation. He loved hearing the life stories of others and where they came from. He was a true humanitarian and touched every person who met him. He will truly be missed.
He is survived by his wife Alice of Bloomer; son David (Karin) Olson of Bloomer; daughter: Debbie (Jeff) Davis of Prescott; six grandchildren: Katie (Justin) Paki, Benjamin (Abbi) Olson, Emily Price, Meghan Olson, Amanda (Clayton) Hinds, Erin (Cory) Franson; two great-grandchildren: Isaac Hinds and Noah Olson-with 2 more on the way; two foreign exchange students: Kay Lass of Germany and Rune Hennigson of Norway; numerous nieces, nephews, other relatives and friends.
He is preceded in death by his parents; sisters: Jean Reynolds and Frances Olson; numerous horses, dogs and other four-legged friends.
Funeral services were held on Monday, October 22, 2012 at 11:00 a.m. at the United Methodist Church in Bloomer. A visitation was held at Olson Funeral Home on Sunday, October 21, 2012 from 4:00-8:00 p.m. with a Masonic Service at 8:00 p.m.. Interment will take place at Bloomer Cemetery with military rites performed by the Bloomer American Legion and VFW following the service. Please direct memorials to the Bloomer United Methodist Church or one of Bill’s organizations. A heartfelt thank you from the family to the entire staff of Colfax Health and Rehab center, Bill truly enjoyed his time there. Online condolences and stories can be shared at www.olsonfuneralhomebloomer.com. | <urn:uuid:8e67b096-b5b9-405a-ac9c-3fd32fd71d41> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.dewittmedia.com/2012/10/29/william-t-bill-olson/ | 2021-02-25T12:48:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178351134.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225124124-20210225154124-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.973239 | 759 | [
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Uri Caine brought his Mozart Project to town Friday night, and while purists might have shuddered at his layering of new sounds upon old, the question wasn't whether he had the right to deface Mozart. He does, of course.
The more salient test was whether Caine did anything interesting while he was up there with his can of Day-Glo spray paint.
With an ensemble of bass, drums, violin, trumpet and clarinet, the pianist would play some patches pretty much as written - say, a section from one of Mozart's
- and surround them with more modern material. Jazz, contemporary classical and klezmer were woven in, but the sounds of pure Mozart would often come back.
"Shattering barriers," is the way Caine's press materials describe the project, which has toured widely. He has "shaken off literalism and restored to ordinary musicians the rights of improvisation and interpretation that they enjoyed in Mozart's time. At last, an artist dares to adapt classical music, interpreting and improvising on it in a personal way."
Lofty, pretentious language. Maybe Caine has forgotten reinterpretation's uninterrupted history in which, most recently, Luciano Berio, Claude Bolling and Peter Nero have adapted old sources and styles to their needs.
In practice, too, much of Caine's 90-minute concert at the University of the Arts' Gershman Hall - presented by the Philadelphia Chamber Music Society - came off as very sophisticated jargon. At the keyboard, his sense of phrasing tended to be mannered rather than harmonically or melodically pioneering. Some of the magic that can come with musical transformation was lost in unusually thick clutter. The Queen of the Night's first aria sounded like she ended up in a 12-car pile-up on the Schuylkill Expressway.
Caine surrounded himself with smart talent, in particular bass player Michael Formanek and violinist Joyce Hammann. And his best move came when he started Mozart's "Rondo Alla Turca" not with Mozart, but with a recording of a chant-like voice. Could it have been a Turkish singer? It might have been nice to know. But when Mozart made his entrance, and Caine exerted his personality, all of music seemed like one small club. | <urn:uuid:fff51e49-4202-4cf6-a509-7f3666419a5b> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.inquirer.com/philly/entertainment/20071210_Jazzing_up_a_musical_genius.html | 2021-02-25T14:07:58Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178351134.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225124124-20210225154124-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.976747 | 490 | [
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PATH: BS | Science | Psychology
Fundamentalists Will Prove God Exists In 13 Minutes
Posted by Pile
(11773 views) [E-Mail link]
|Ok everybody, hold onto your hat.... actor Kirk Cameron and "best-selling" author Ray Comfort (aka "Banana Man") will square off with two atheists, known as the Rational Responders in New York on Saturday, May 5. ABC originally planned to stream the 90-minute debate LIVE on their website, but decided to reschedule the broadcast to capture a larger audience. Watch the Face Off Wednesday May 9 at 2 p.m. on ABC News Now, and on Nightline at 11:35 p.m.|
Of course, we'll have the video here as soon as it becomes available... get excited... Ray Comfort, the guy who proved God exists by wielding a banana promises he can convince a national audience he will win a debate against the Rational Response team, a group of Internet atheists.
We've covered this before, check out our recent religious debate article.
UPDATE: Brian from RRS has publicly acknowledged that yours truly, Pile, has contributed to some of the content of the debate. The video should be out Wednesday.. stay tuned.
READ MORE | 7 comments since 2008-08-18 14:44:53 | Comment on this Article | <urn:uuid:1bea4d8f-64fa-41df-9615-feda3d13285a> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | http://www.bsalert.com/artsearch.php?fn=1&as=91&dt=2&pm=20 | 2021-02-27T01:05:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358033.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20210226234926-20210227024926-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.932687 | 280 | [
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Some songs producers look for sounds for music generation on a variety of internet sites and in diverse songs production shops, but have a tendency to choose only a specific sort of audio that’s currently being used most in the audio sector right now. With FL Studio becoming so versatile, why decide on only particular musical instrument seems? And is this a reward, or a hindrance? Do you match into the class of only making use of a specified variety of seem all the time? Study on to find out three reasons why a selection of sounds operates much better all round, and why you require to consistently construct your sounds for music generation samples.
The 1st explanation you need to have to create a collection of a variety of seems is so that you do not really feel pressured or rushed to locate new seems when a pattern is no lengthier trendy. While adhering to the typical developments of the audio business in conditions of what you hear on the radio may possibly be a great issue in the limited expression, it can also be an affect to your songs creation in the longer time period. When you comply with the attitude of the tendencies nowadays, you have to keep in mind that tendencies are not extended long lasting, and it won’t be lengthy just before a new craze is pushing the older development to the side. As a result, this will stunt your development and will then drive you to scramble to figure out how to obtain the newest appears. Utilizing dj in your hip hop beats or tunes generation shouldn’t only grow when new tendencies are started. You should usually build on your assortment with new seems, at minimum when a thirty day period.
A 2nd explanation you should build your audio library as a music producer is basically because you will be dealing with a selection of customers that will want different instrumentals and styles from you. If you restrict your sound selection to only trendy seems this sort of as synths that are utilized in most of present day trendy music, you will not be capable to assist somebody who is looking for far more of an orchestra style hip hop beat for illustration. And at this time, you will then want to try to uncover the seems you need to generate an instrumental for this shopper. Retaining your audio library in FL Studio entire of variety will stop situations like this from occurring.
A third reason it is helpful to develop a assortment of appears to use is simply due to the fact it is enjoyable to be able to build on your creative imagination, and often, a seem of an instrument by itself can have excellent inspiration on guiding you to make great instrumentals or beats. Suppose you have a wonderful seem library currently developed. You choose to create some beats and start up FL Studio and begin heading by way of your musical instrument seems to see what you want to use. You hear an inspiring violin audio in your arsenal even though searching via your library, and are right away motivated to make a basic orchestra hip hop conquer. If you did not have a large selection of sounds to engage in with and use in your songs generation, you wouldn’t permit yourself to grow creatively and to take a look at your boundaries out, which after all, is the basis of expansion and rising your skills.
In brief, possessing a variety of appears in your collection is of better reward to you than it might be a headache in discovering appears to add. While FL Studio will come with some diverse equipment to use, there are other possibilities available to you in FL Studio that you can explore to create your arsenal of appears, this sort of as VST plugins, developed in synthesizers, and soundfonts that arrive in a lot of diverse types and instruments. Getting an expansive range of seems keeps you forward of the trends, will not limit you working only with a specific clientele of music, and enables you to create on your creativeness. Why limit your self to the same appears? End debating and start discovering distinct audio generation appears to incorporate to your library! | <urn:uuid:e84e3714-6269-45ff-a76d-668e03f387f0> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://happybirthdaytext.com/sounds-intended-for-fl-facility-3-reasons-the-reason-why-the-selection-of-seems-to-get-music-generation-is-precisely-what-a-person-need/ | 2021-02-27T00:04:36Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358033.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20210226234926-20210227024926-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.962488 | 804 | [
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With the dramatic increase in speed and capacity, thermal management also becomes a crucial aspect when designing an external enclosure. To help dissipate heat buildup inside the enclosure and to maintain optimal operational temperature for the hard disk, an 80x80x15mm low profile and ultra-quiet fan is designed in for ultimate cooling efficiency. In addition, brushed aluminum body with side ventilation holes allows the embedded fan to accelerate airflow and boost the rate of natural convection.
Max4 eSATA with embedded active cooling external enclosure comes standard with aluminum stand for vertical placement. The unit features a 80mm fan with blue LEDs and produces about 20dBA. | <urn:uuid:27296ad8-50dd-49c4-90a9-1b5b9263b830> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.dvhardware.net/article17087.html | 2021-02-27T01:07:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358033.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20210226234926-20210227024926-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.842932 | 128 | [
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Fresno Concrete Delivery & Concrete Pumping
There are a lot of people out there that don’t know that this particular option exists! Just kidding let’s not go that far. There are other options out there like mixing the concrete from its original sandy form so to speak. In our opinion though we believe that pumped concrete is usually going to be the best option for whatever project you may have in mind. We want to go over a couple of do’s and don’ts for this particular service. Since we do believe that everyone needs to be on the same page for it to work properly!
We Can Deliver Concrete Even If We Are Not Part Of The Project
The do-it-yourself culture is without a doubt growing in America. As professional contractors, you may think that we are the most affected by this rise. You may be right to a certain degree. In any case, we believe that there are certain things that we can do to be able to help even those people that want to take on most of the project on their own. If you need concrete, but you are not keen on having to mix it yourself because that is probably going to take you ages we can offer you our Fresno concrete delivery service.
Being On The Same Page
One of the more difficult aspects of this particular type of concrete, if we had to call it difficult anyways, is the fact that you need to work a bit quicker or have everything set up when the concrete arrives. That is one of the reasons why we believe that it is so important that we are on the same page here. If you are going through the project on your own be sure to schedule your delivery service when you know that you are going to be ready. Otherwise, things can get really complicated!
Fresno Concrete Delivery Is Included w/ Many of Our Services!
If you hire us to build a driveway, a patio or anything like that this type of concrete is going to obviously be included in the service fee. Which means that you won’t have to worry about being on the same page with us or anything like that. Since we will be the ones that will set the time frames for this particular service. If you call for a Fresno concrete delivery service on one of your projects and you are not ready to have the concrete poured when the service is scheduled you would be better off canceling the service altogether if not we could ask you to pay a penalty fee.
Really Smooth Finishes
If you are looking for a completely even and smooth concrete structure this type of concrete application process is what you want. All that we are going to do in this case is pour the concrete into the designated area, even it out as much as we need to and then let it dry. As we have mentioned, the delivery process saves time and gives you a better overall finish! | <urn:uuid:4e8e2d9b-1a35-43e5-bc22-976543d0f9d7> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.concretecontractorsfresnoca.com/delivery-pumping.html | 2021-02-28T15:33:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361510.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20210228145113-20210228175113-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.965946 | 587 | [
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Mercedes-Benz Expanding The S-Class Family
The recently launched new S-Class family is now growing with four new members. That's rigt, Mercedes-Benz are introducing a fuel-sipper (BlueTEC HYBRID), an AWD fuel-sipper (BlueTEC 4MATIC), a 5-star hotel on wheels (S 600) and an S 65 AMG – the name says it all. Let's give them a quick look one at a time.
The 300 BlueTEC HYBRID – a diesel-based hybrid that will have an offensively low overall fuel consumption of just 4.4 liters per 100 km and a CO2 emission value of 115 g/km. Keep in mind that this is an S-Class that can be had with a long wheel base as well. In order to achieve these figures of frugality, the 300 uses a 20 kW electric motor nestled between the main 204 hp engine (a 2.2-liter four-cylnder) and the automatic transmission. You also get the usual hybrid tech like brake recuperation, and all electric drive only etc.
The 350 BlueTEC 4MATIC is a different story. A 3.0-liter V6 diesel in it churns out 258 hp and 620 Nm of torque. And even though it's essentially an AWD vehicle, it returns 5.9 liters per 100 km (again with either wheelbase). That means that in terms of economy, it's on par with the previous four-cylinder S 250 CDI.
The S 600 (pictured above) will now stand at the top of the S-Class luxury pyramid. It comes only as a long wheelbase. You will also be stuck with an LED Intelligent Light System, a Magic Body Control suspension with Road Surface Scan and a Driver Assistance Plus package. It's not all caviare and truffles though. There's a 6.0-liter biturbo V12 under the hood that hauls all that machinery with 530 hp. Maximum torque is 830 Nm from 1900 rpm. F (class) in efficiency, however.
Finally, there's the hardcore Mercedes-Benz S 65 AMG (pictured bellow). Same engine as the S 600's, more power. 630 hp and 1000 Nm of torque to be exact. The fuel economy has been reduced by 2.4 liters per 100 km but still stands at 11.9 (F). Long wheelbase, Magic Body Control with Road Surface Scan.
All four models are available for ordering with an official launch date sometime in March this year. | <urn:uuid:5cd92a8a-001b-4d06-a51d-c5117550f642> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.automobilesreview.com/auto-news/mercedes-benz-expanding-the-s-class-family/77632/ | 2021-03-02T05:10:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178363217.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302034236-20210302064236-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.919903 | 539 | [
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One of my aims with this site is to share the great resources that are available to bushcraft enthusiasts. One of the best that I have encountered is the A-Z of bushcraft and Survival site. Here you will find an array of amusing videos on essential bushcraft skills by presenter Andrew Price. The production is excellent and I look forward to further initiatives from Andrew and his crew. As a sampler I have embedded the fire making lesson. Enjoy! | <urn:uuid:c87f6338-68e3-4df8-97c9-8f2aa1453355> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | http://www.ausbushcraft.com/2009/05/z-of-bushcraft.html | 2021-03-03T21:33:48Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178367790.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20210303200206-20210303230206-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.959526 | 91 | [
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The design I have made was a way to show what the food is like at Ben’s. I also love Ben’s pretzels and my family eats there a lot.
THE ELECTRIC BREW
As you can see, I have created a design with a sunset and mountains from Mexico. I chose this because in Mexico there are a lot of mountains and this can make people feel like they are at home.
Our design shows a family together with a pretzel to share. We chose this design because it reminds us of our own families getting JoJo’s Pretzels together and eating together.
My design is colorful, and it might make people want to eat your popcorn.
As you can see the green background represents the color you mostly see in nature. When people are walking or biking, they are out enjoying the nature and are encountering what is represented in my drawing.
As you can see the butterfly represents the colors you mostly see in nature. When people are walking or biking, they are out enjoying the nature and are encountering what is represented in my drawing.
My design is a maple leaf that represents Goshen College. I have included the sun in the maple leaf to show solar energy. Finally, there is a plug that is in the sun to show energy.
BETTER WORLD BOOKS
The picture displays a rainbow, UFO, monkey, dragon, sun, and a long plant. This shows that when you open a book a whole new world of possibilities is opened for you and when you open a book it takes you to new places. The intention of this mural to persuade people to want to buy books and explore the creativity of each fictional book or the whole world of information in a nonfiction book. People and not just kids in school need to read to extend their minds and see where books can take you.
RIETH INTERPRETIVE CENTER
The word “calm” should be something everyone should have and need. When people mention nature, some people think of it as bugs, dirt, and a lot of disgusting things. They should think of nature as beauty. When you hear nature it sounds very peaceful and calm.
Our mural has a “Viva Tacos” sign with a taco on it. We chose this because Los Primos serves tacos, and we wanted it to be related with their business so people would know what they sell there.
The picture has a grey bridge with flowers and people walking on a sunny day. I decided to make this to recreate the millrace but give it a little more pop to make it look new. It shows how when you go there, it is peaceful and you can enjoy riding bikes and walking on a hot summer day.
Our mural is one flower in the big forest, and it represents that there can be beauty in things even if you can’t see it. The trees represent the things that distract you from true beauty. The clouds represent persons clouded vision of being on devices and not paying attention to the nature around them. The sun represents the light shining on true beauty.
CHAIN REACTION BICYCLE PROJECT
My mural is a road bike. I chose this bike design because our client is a bike shop. The city of Goshen is doing a very good job at riding bikes and reducing fuel emissions.
THE NUT SHOPPE
Our design features a blue jelly bean with the words “The Nut Shoppe”. We made this design due to the fact that The Nut Shoppe specializes in desserts and sweets, so we decided to make a jelly bean.
Our design shows how they make the tamales like red sauce, green sauce, and the masa that they put together to make the tamales. Also it has the 3 different colors of the Mexican flag in it.
GOSHEN LITTLE LEAGUE
Our design represents the theme of The Goshen Little League – baseball and softball. The mural shows one of the sports played at Goshen Little League and the logo.
GOSHEN COMMUNITY SCHOOLS
My mural contains a little tiny earth, and a book, and math sign and a beaker. All that represents learning. Tiny earth for social studies, the book for english, symbols for math, and beaker for science. I think my design is a good fit for GCS because learning is important.
BOYS & GIRLS CLUB
My mural has words that say “A Place to Become.” I chose this because that is the Boys & Girls Club’s theme for this year. I’m using lots of colors because I want it to be colorful and people will want to look at it. When I was in 5th grade, I went to the club. I would like to have my mural hanging there for other kids to see. Our mural features a heart that says “Welcome to the club.” We decided to color the word “welcome” in rainbow to represent all kids. The heart represents that you are loved by your friends and staff you meet at the club. The meaning of this is to show that you are welcome to the Boys & Girls Club. It is a safe and respectful place. | <urn:uuid:1f5bec00-1d03-41b3-bdfb-ec33ef94b6d1> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://gms.goshenschools.org/gms-schedule/ | 2021-03-05T11:04:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178370752.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305091526-20210305121526-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.960889 | 1,080 | [
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We have obtained resonance, Raman spectra and absolute Raman cross section measurements at eight excitation wavelengths in the A-band and B-band absorptions of bromoiodomethane in cyclohexane solution. The resonance Raman intensities and absorption spectra were simulated using a simple model and time-dependent wave packet calculations. Normal mode vibrational descriptions were used with.the results of the calculations to find the short-time photodissociation dynamics in terms of internal coordinates. The A-band short-time photodissociation dynamics indicate that the C-I bond becomes much longer, the C-Br bond becomes smaller, the I-C-Br angle becomes smaller, the H-C-Br angles become larger, the H-C-I angles become smaller, and the H-C-H angle becomes a bit smaller. The B-band short-time photodissociation dynamics indicate the C-Br bond becomes much longer, the C-I bond becomes slightly longer, the I-C-Br angle becomes smaller, the H-C-I angles become larger, the H-C-Br angles become smaller, and the H-C-H angle becomes slightly smaller. Both the A-band and B-band short-time photodissociation dynamics appear to be most consistent with an impulsive "semi-rigid" radical model qualitative description of the photodissociation with the CH2Br radical changing to a more planar structure in the A-band and the CH2I radical changing to a more planar structure in the B band. We have carried out a Gaussian deconvolution of the A-band and B-band absorption spectra of bromoiodomethane, as well as iodomethane and bromomethane. The absorption spectra, resonance Raman intensities, and short-time photodissociation dynamics sueeest a moderate amount of coupling of the C-I and C-Br chromophores.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
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- Cleans, Whitens and Brightens
- Removes stains
- Safe to use on all colour fast cottons and linens, orlon, nylon, dacron and terylene, when used as directed
- Used for swimming pools, fountains, drinking water sanitation.
- Widely used in the food industry as a disinfectant.
- Colour: Clear
- Safety Data Sheet
|Unit Of Measure||EA|
Be The First To Review This Product!
Help other Green Star Supplies users shop smarter by writing reviews for products you have purchased. | <urn:uuid:e1fd5283-28d0-4bde-89c6-334e4c5bff38> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.greenstarsupplies.com.au/bleach-10-20l | 2021-03-05T10:14:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178370752.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305091526-20210305121526-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.797332 | 121 | [
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Hugh Grant and Anna Eberstein looked a picture of happiness as they stepped out following their low-key wedding on Friday. The newlyweds were at the Monaco Grand Prix, having tied the knot in London two days before. Anna looked smart dressed in a form-fitting black dress, while Hugh was smart in a blue shirt tucked into a pair of navy chinos as they walked around the famous venue. It was reported in the Telegraph that Anna and Hugh married before close family members at Chelsea registry office on Friday, and they were pictured with their daughter outside the venue. Both Anna and Hugh looked smart for the occasion, although Anna chose not to wear a wedding dress, instead opting for a fitted blue shirt teamed with a white skirt and espadrilles.
Hugh Grant and Anna Eberstein looked a picture of happiness
The actor previously had a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley, and later with Tinglan Hong, the mother of two of his children. Hugh also shares three children with Anna, although have only revealed their eldest son's name, John. Elizabeth and Hugh are still firm friends, and the actress opened up about Hugh's youngest child – who was born in March – while appearing on Watch What Happens Live with Andy Cohen. She said: "He had another one last week. He has five. He was over 50 when he spawned them all."
RELATED: Elizabeth Hurley reveals 'sweet' Hugh Grant has welcomed fifth child
She continued: "He's an enchanting dad. Really, really sweet. Having these kids has transformed him from a very miserable person into a fairly miserable person. It's improved him. He's gone up the scale." Anna's mother also confirmed the pair were expecting their third child together, telling Swedish newspaper Aftonbladet back in January: "I'm very happy to be getting another grandchild. She's due rather soon."
RELATED: Hugh Grant opens up about fatherhood in rare interview
Hugh himself has opened up in the past about being a parent in a rare interview with Jess Cagle for People TV. Hugh told Jess on becoming a father: "It was the nicest thing that's ever happened to me - he said sounding clichéd - but it happens to be true." He continued: "It's just lovely to have all that love around. Suddenly you love someone more than yourself. It's unheard of in my case and they love you and it's all enchanting." | <urn:uuid:caf8aa50-091b-4420-b743-8c883cd831a8> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/2018052748951/hugh-grant-steps-out-with-wife-anna-after-wedding/ | 2021-03-05T10:49:02Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178370752.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305091526-20210305121526-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.986087 | 503 | [
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How do I get more followers on Instagram?
I would suggest that you do an ask me anything on Talktime.
I can help you out with this!
2020 has been the year of bite-sized learning on IG. Many holistic psychologists, social justice advocates, and others are using IG as a platform to post bite-size nuggets in the form of graphics with text. Photographers, influencers are still on the platform as well. It used to be about numbers. The more you had, the more successful you were, but again there was a shift. Organic growth, interaction with your audience, following accounts that you want to engage with, have an interest in, etc., all lead to slow but sustainable engagement over time. The use of Stories and Reels has become important to growth and the algorithm as well.
Hope I did not overwhelm you.
Hi! I am in my late 20s and Instagram has no secret for me
I grew my own following but also businesses I work with, I am happy to give you tips and tricks to grow your account without spending hours leaving comments left and right.
No third party needed btw, Instagram does not like that.
Let me know
Hey, Id suggest you follow your friends friends, use hashtags and you have to post more often to engage your followers. Make yourself visible.
Hi! I’m a social media manager and I help increase engagement and followers on Instagram! I’m also offering half off my social media audit, if you are interested! Essentially, I would look at your social media accounts and see where it can be improved! | <urn:uuid:3b358e53-53e6-4c84-9cf4-59a714aa7278> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.talktimers.com/t/how-do-i-get-more-followers-on-instagram/1289 | 2021-03-05T10:43:14Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178370752.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305091526-20210305121526-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.965357 | 333 | [
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Get ready for Relay for Life
Though April is six months away, it will be here before you know it.
In that spirit, Relay for Life supporters met Tuesday to discuss next April’s fundraiser for the American Cancer Society.
I’ve participated in several relays over the years in Hale County, at the University of Montevallo and others in Calera and Columbiana. Though in different locations, the teams’ enthusiasm for a common cause is the same everywhere.
It’s hard to find a family not touched by cancer. My grandmother and uncle both battled the disease. My grandmother survived breast cancer in the early 1990s and lived 15 more relatively healthy years. My Uncle Fred wasn’t as fortunate. He died of testicular cancer, barely 40 years old.
It’s for these two and many more friends I support Relay for Life. Raising awareness and money for research and to help families is an admirable cause.
Best of luck to this year’s committee. I hope they meet and even surpass all their goals. For more information on how you can get involved, see page 1 of today’s paper.
– Justin Averette is managing editor of The Clanton Advertiser. His column appears each Wednesday. | <urn:uuid:c40bdbf1-7abf-49bc-9fc1-e17e212a7aff> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.clantonadvertiser.com/2009/10/27/get-ready-for-relay-for-life/ | 2021-03-07T03:03:23Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178376006.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307013626-20210307043626-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.947628 | 266 | [
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My name is Kristin, and I am so happy that you have found your way here! My journey to holistic living began with my first pregnancy 11 years ago and forever changed my life. The passion I have for holistic health continued to grow as I gained knowledge and experience both as a mama to two small humans and as I became a professional in this space. I believe strongly in root cause determination and full informed consent. I also believe that your health requires a collaborative effort, I am here to support you in taking charge of your health. As a Board Certified Integrative Health Practitioner and Licensed Esthetician, I specialize in educating, empowering and guiding you to balanced health and beauty from within. We will get to the root cause of any health concern, including the skin which is mostly effected by an internal factor or root cause, utilizing lifestyle analysis and or functional lab testing to create a realistic approach to getting and then keeping your health on the right path. Lessening the toxic load on the body while nourishing the body optimally can and will lead to rebalancing the body and a lifetime of true health, less stress, longevity, anti-aging, and so much more.
For the smaller humans, this approach offers a foundation to support optimal development and nourishment through the formative years, the most important years.
Read more about my story in the "My Journey" section and read about how we can work together in the "services" section.
I look forward to supporting you on your journey!
"Maybe you are searching among the branches, for what only appears in the roots."
My goal is to help you reach the
highest level of well-being. Let's connect today and find out how
we can set you on the path to
your best health. | <urn:uuid:dad6363f-ae21-492e-9a70-efbf27ae39c7> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.kristinmaewellness.com/ | 2021-03-07T02:41:08Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178376006.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307013626-20210307043626-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.957505 | 365 | [
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Though last week brought its first defeat, Destrehan is off to a strong start on the soccer field this season and prepares to welcome rival Hahnville for a district showdown this Friday evening.
The Ladycats will host the Lady Tigers at 5:30 p.m., with both teams hungry for a victory. Last season saw Hahnville earn a 10 seed in the postseason and its first win over Destrehan in five seasons, but the Tigers have been up and down this season with a record of 5-8-1. The schedule has been particularly challenging since mid-December, with five of those eight losses coming in that span, and a win over Destrehan could right Hahnville’s course for both its district and playoff positioning.
Hahnville coach Alex Romero noted this has been the toughest schedule the Lady Tigers program has faced in his time there. A difficult slate by design was intensified further when the team drew a pair of top contenders in Northshore and St. Thomas More at the Lakeshore tournament.
“I feel like we’ve played every top 5 team in almost every classification,” said Romero. “We have a group of juniors who are third year starters, who have been to the playoffs two years in a row and are ready to make that next step … these games have been great experience for us, because these are the kinds of teams we’ll be facing down the stretch here and into the playoffs.”
The challenging schedule is accounted for in power points rankings that determine playoff positioning, so don’t be fooled by the Tigers’ record – they’re in the middle of the playoff seeding mix, and could even host a home game for a second consecutive year with a strong finish down the stretch.
Ashlyn Hooper, Ava Fontenot, Emily Wood and Kylie Dufrene have been among the leaders for the Tigers this season. Hooper, Fontenot and Wood are juniors and the veterans of the team, while Dufrene is an up and comer.
“(The three juniors) make that effort to be the best reflection of the coaching staff on the field as possible, and that’s such an asset,” Romero said. “They’ve kept the defense together, motivated and working hard. (Dufrene) has really blossomed for us as well, and those four have been working extremely hard and leading the way.”
The Wildcats, meanwhile, have been able to get just seven matches in the books due to COVID-19 related scheduling issues and a roster limited in numbers this year. The team began the season with wins in each of its first six matches, with three of those coming in tournament play late last month. Last Friday, DHS absorbed its first loss in its district opener to a Central Lafourche team with its own designs on a district crown, after also besting HHS to start league play 2-0.
A win over Hahnville would be all but necessary to keep hopes of a district crown alive for the Wildcats, as the teams will play just one round of district.
“It’s a big, important game,” said Destrehan coach Mert Deger. “These kids have grown up together, and that always makes it interesting to see what happens when they get the chance to play against one another. I’m seeing another close game upcoming.”
The aforementioned match last season was 2-0 in favor of Hahnville. This time, Destrehan hopes to give the scoreboard more of a workout, and it has the firepower to do it. Faith Leveck, Jordan Terrell and Elissa Viquez are leaders of a young core that have posted plenty of goals this season in what was a 6-0 start for the team. Terrell is a junior, Leveck and Viquez sophomores. The Wildcats’ scoring ability was on full display when it went 3-0 to win the recent Terrebonne Classic tournament.
Those three have been carrying the load and scoring a lot of goals … they’re connecting really well up top for us and when all three are clicking, we’re hard to defend,” Deger said.
It’s been an adventure at times, Deger said. The Wildcats have just 13 players on roster, and in some matches have had to roll out to play with just 11 players to go start to finish.
“It’s been pretty crazy,” Deger said. “We’ve played a pretty spaced out schedule on top of it. I think our team chemistry has been great, which is a big help. Those games with no subs, you just hope to get through them with no issues.”
While depth isn’t a luxury the Wildcats can boast, team speed qualifies.
“We’re very fast,” Deger said. “We can put a lot of pressure on teams.” | <urn:uuid:0a5abd76-16c9-4cb5-87ae-33edd4b804de> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.heraldguide.com/sports/off-to-strong-if-infrequent-start-destrehan-prepares-to-host-hahnville/ | 2021-03-08T18:13:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178385389.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20210308174330-20210308204330-00519.warc.gz | en | 0.968912 | 1,054 | [
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Four friends, with a bittersweet history, get drunk and embark on a journey to Goa . On the trip, they lose an expensive ring which threatens to derail one of their's engagement. They end up confronting one another and their own fears, as they enroll in a short film making competition in Goa to try and win the prize money for the ring.
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Spread Betting in simple terms is a platform aimed at the financial markets which allows you to trade on price movements. YES, Spread betting is a glorified educational form of gambling on the financial stock exchange. Spread betting in the UK is tax free. The Risk and Reward profile for this financial instrument is extremely high. You can easily turn your existing capital into multiple folds in a single trade. Equally you can lose your entire inheritance or wealth in a single trade if you forecast the market wrongly.
Yes, there are more and more young people making their first million at a very young age from spread betting, futures and options on the financial market. I have a two neighbours who have consistently rack in an average of 2K tax free money a month simply from spread betting on their mobile phones.
Remember Winners always tell everyone their success stories. Big losers will not disclose their embarrassed defeat and losses. Imagine losing 2k in a month which is equivalent of your monthly house mortgage!
In all honesty, this article is publish to put off beginner and learning investors away from Spread Betting. Personally I do not think it is worth the risk as you can lose your entire capital very quickly. This capital is basically your hard blood and sweat cash obtain from long hours of work and losing it all is too painful to bear.
1. Spread Betting is very disruptive to your day job.
Previously I have provided guidance on how much time you need to spend on your financial investment. With mobile phones and abundance of 4G data, its very easy to keep up with spread betting to the very minute. Trust me, spread betting s very disruptive at work. You will end up staring at your phone all day while at work which would be obvious to your colleagues and superior. There have been people losing their job on these addiction.
Spread betting will not replace your day job and pay your mortgage or bills consistently. If it does then perhaps you are doing the wrong job. A football match bet is only active for 90minutes for players on field. However spread betting can be 24/7 of monitoring when you are watching the currencies and indexes.
Not only it will disrupt your day job, but also your time at home especially if you have a young family.
2. Mood Swings
I have personally witness a work colleague throwing his phone out the window because of a massive loss from spread betting. I was glad he did not jump out the window. It was the day he shorted the market after news of North Korea missile launch into the pacific ocean. On the day of the market open, everything was on the rise as the market was already immune to the news of the North Korean dictator.
Yes, mood swings are develop which could affect your social interactions and performance at work. In spread betting you can always put in limits and stop losses trigger to avoid huge losses of your capital. However you can always adjust your stop losses in mid-game to if the market is going against your favour. Many players have lost big time where they consistently pump in money to keep their margin up so that they don’t get cut out and merely hoping for the massive turn around.
3. Season Gambler Addiction
A season gambler is defined as a player who have won loads and also lost tonnes in their lifetime. To be able to keep calm and win a lot of money on a poker table, you must have had experience losing the equivalent amount of money previously.
Same applies to Spread Betting players. If an experience better tells you he has won 30k in a month, that simply tells you that he previously had experience a 30k loss or more. He has learned his expensive lesson, tweak his strategy, with a hint of luck he manage to turn his fortunes around.
So are you an experience Gambler? If No, then don’t even consider this game.
4. A large Sum of Capital required
In gambling the amount you deposit is the amount you can bet on. Spread betting is different because when you place a bet at 10% of your capital you could lose the extra 90% if you did not put a stop loss limit on the bet. For example Amazon is sitting at 1000.0 points and you put 10 pounds a point on your 100 pounds capital. If end of the day Amazon drops ten points your entire capital is wiped out. Hence you need a large capital for a safe margin.
The other frustrating point is also placing a limit win amount. Example, you may be in a 1000 profit on amazon at 10 pounds a point. You put a limit win when your profit hits 1200 pounds. Two hours before end of trading, there was news release on hacking scandal, the market reacted and drop to negative zone. You loss 500 due to your stop loss. You kick yourself for not capturing the profit at 1000 pounds, simple because we are all greedy human beings!
5. Start Investing and Not Betting
The whole point of investing money is to inject cash into a financial market instrument to generate cash while you sleep. This means, initial depth research, shares purchased and forget about it for long time. This way you allow your cash to hopefully generate more cash via growth or/and dividend yield. You can carry own with your day job and spend time with your family.
Spread Betting is way worse than online gambling or casino gambling. The earlier can be done in your hands anywhere 7 days a week as long as you have internet connection.
A good investor spends most of his time reading books, journals, articles and news. With the information you can convert into knowledge by discussion with peers and hopefully educate less experience investor. Betting spends all day trying to analyse trends of the market which is largely driven my computer software via coded instruction which does not have any relevant science and justification behind the movement.
Final words: We are not fund managers or billionaire who can drift the market up or down. Consumer spread betters are just merely fleas trying to make a small living in the big open world. We have only 24 hours in a day and we should choose a path which maximise our income. | <urn:uuid:23cc0a84-6f90-4b0e-9a65-836901515d6e> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://moomoocoo.com/5-reasons-not-to-start-spread-betting-the-financial-market/ | 2021-02-27T06:08:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358203.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227054852-20210227084852-00239.warc.gz | en | 0.968641 | 1,245 | [
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New Defender's Study Bible Notes
3:1 masters. “Masters” here means “teachers.” The gift of teaching (I Corinthians 12:28) is from God and involves great responsibility. It is presumptuous for anyone to try to teach God’s Word unless he has been called and prepared by God to do so in its truth and fullness. He must first believe in its absolute authority and perspicuity, be a diligent student of the Word (II Timothy 2:15), and be “apt to teach” (II Timothy 2:24-25). | <urn:uuid:36de8c4d-0c52-44fe-897a-7c42b3802e37> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.icr.org/home?module=home&action=submitsearch&f_submit=Search&f_context_any=any§ion=bible&f_search_type=bible&f_keyword_any=James+3:1 | 2021-02-27T07:37:02Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358203.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227054852-20210227084852-00239.warc.gz | en | 0.963658 | 126 | [
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RPF, Inc. is a management consulting firm founded by Robert A. Marmon, a Mckinsey & Company alumnus and one of the original employees of The Palmieri Company.
Mr. Marmon is a senior executive who has specialized in "turnaround" work for most of his career. He has served as Chief Financial Officer of both public and private companies in extremely stressful situations. Among his assignments while with The Palmieri Company and his clients since he founded his own company: The Penn Central; Levitt Homes; Baldwin United; Epic Properties/Skyline Financial; Crazy Eddie, Inc; and the Dart Group among others. When required, he has worked closely with the SEC, both Corp Fin and Enforcement, the IRS, and governmental investigatory agencies.
He has been written about in the business press and most recently was described in the book "Frankensteins of Fraud" (ISBN: 1-889277-25-8; Library of Congress Cat. # 00-10068) which detailed the ten greatest business fraud cases of the 20th century. The chapter about Crazy Eddie, Inc. details his involvement in unwinding the fraud perpetrated on the public by the Company and its controlling family.
This site contains:
1) The Preface and Table of Contents of a "How to" Article, "Up to and After the Fall ... Confessions of a Turnaround Specialist" written by Mr. Marmon detailing his approach to turnaround work
2) The Article
3) "Hooray for Hubris" -- a new section inserted in the Article 2/05/02. This insert outlines an obvious path to disaster
4) Mr. Marmon's current resume
5) Current Fee Schedule | <urn:uuid:57f4d782-c155-4cac-9e6f-a50bc5407ece> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | http://www.rpfinc.com/rpf1/index.html | 2021-02-28T17:55:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361723.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20210228175250-20210228205250-00559.warc.gz | en | 0.958951 | 354 | [
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On Tuesday, February 25, Whole Foods Four Corners (916 Walnut St.) will be donating 5% of its total sales from the day to Newton South’s Sustainable Agriculture Project. Funds raised from this event will help our students build season extension equipment for the school’s 2500 sq. ft. organic garden, begin selling its produce to the cafeteria and improve school lunches, expand the schoolwide composting program, and launch a Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) program for the NSHS community. Please consider shopping this Tuesday and spreading the word to help support our students. Any questions, please email Jon Orren at: [email protected] or click here for the Facebook page.
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Archive of Older Posts | <urn:uuid:f9edece2-b8ea-4120-853a-b46b9d2e6bd2> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://newtonsouthptso.org/2014/02/21/5-day-at-whole-foods-four-corners-to-benefit-nshs-sustainable-agriculture-project-tues-feb-25-all-day/ | 2021-02-28T19:01:44Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361723.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20210228175250-20210228205250-00559.warc.gz | en | 0.877703 | 430 | [
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Welcome back to the U.C.! As we near the end of Donnie J’s first 100 days, we pause to look back on his wins, losses, and everything in between. Also, did the Black community over react to the Shea Moisture ad campaign or was there actual reason for concern. And Beyhive members continue to rejoice as Beyoncé announces a new scholarship program aimed at helping our youth continue to reach great heights! We appreciate our listeners and thank you for your continued support.
Do us a favor, share your favorite episode!
Instagram: @UCollege, @iOpine11, @DocCrm
Twitter: @UnivCollegeBTC, @iOpine11, @DocCrm | <urn:uuid:0940be99-3238-45f9-b724-4e8ddf548600> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://universitycollegepodcast.com/2017/04/29/episode-34-donnie-j-shea-bey/ | 2021-02-28T18:39:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361723.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20210228175250-20210228205250-00559.warc.gz | en | 0.929509 | 153 | [
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I would like to know if there is any version of MRRR in MKL for complex matrices.
I did a quick search in these forums but found nothing. Sorry if this came up before!
If there is none, what subroutine would you recommend for selective diagonalization
of large (50k x 50k) complex matrices?
All the best, | <urn:uuid:3ffffddf-eba8-4b74-bd05-4d75cf1ee600> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://community.intel.com/t5/Intel-oneAPI-Math-Kernel-Library/pzheevr-or-similar-PMRRR-in-mkl-lib/td-p/820535 | 2021-03-02T11:05:12Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178363809.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302095427-20210302125427-00239.warc.gz | en | 0.958323 | 77 | [
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Many people could care less of homeless veterans even though those veterans give those people freedom and rights. Those people need to help support our homeless veterans. The government is already helping homeless veterans get off the streets and helping them start a new life. Many kids have parents that have served in the military including my parents. I couldn’t imagine what would happen to us.
Moreover, there is the fact that the majority of homeless individuals do not have cell phones or consistent transportation to a workplace. Adding to these problems is the difficulty of staying clean, and it begins to come clear why these individuals have so much difficulty finding and holding down a job. Some also hold the perception that all homeless individuals are unemployed. A Vox article counters that idea, stating that minimum wage workers who work full-time would not be able to live stably in the average apartment in any state in the U.S. Therefore, even people who have full-time jobs can be at risk.
I understand what it is like to go without food, a regular bed to sleep in, clean clothes, and wondering whether my classmates and teachers would know I was living in a van in the woods not far from where I once lived. Most people can recognize or have seen at least one homeless person sleeping on a park bench or sitting outside in the cold with a cardboard sign. But not everyone knows their situation, and many do not offer to help. I feel that the problem with homelessness, especially among single parent homes in the United States is mainly due to the cost of inflation with housing, and the fact that minimum wage has not gone up to make it possible for lower to middle class families to provide for their families. I feel that the only solution to the problem is to spread more awareness by using social media such as, Facebook and Twitter.
It is impossible to stop all the factors that contributes to homelessness but it can be made more manageable. Creating more jobs and filling them with homeless people who needs jobs to survive will change the economy because there will be less people needing assistance. The work force may even become more prosperous because the homeless people understand that they need their jobs to survive so they may work even harder than the regular workers. This effort will slowly reduce the homeless rates in the United
This caused her to go on the streets. The stereotype that homeless want to live on the street, and there is no way anyone can get homeless, is wrong. After interviewing Ann, the author realized that most homeless people don’t want to be homeless, it is not their fault. We can be homeless at any moment live on the streets, begging for money. If we can get rid of the stereotypes, most of the homeless on the street would get a better life.
I often see the homeless on the side of the road and I normally refer to them as homeless people but what I fail to realize is, that “homeless person” has a name, that “homeless guy” is a human being just like the rest of us longing for certainty, stability and privacy. Those “homeless people” are human beings without a home. Anna states, “Home is where the heart is. There’s no place like
Quindlen is trying to say that the homeless do not have small things to enjoy in life like we do. They do not get to come home and grab their favorite food right after school or work everyday like some of us do. They fight to survive everyday and no human being should have to live like an animal everybody should be able to have that feeling of love and happiness that we have when we come home. The homeless have it worse than we want to see but if we as human beings start seeing this and realizing that nobody should have to live like that I believe that we could give homeless people the life they deserve and give them a place they can go to and call home and finally feel that love and happiness again like all human beings
Having a college degree or anything beyond high school are done to establish a career and a pathway to lucrative employment. Though matter how well managed a homeless shelter is, there are certain quarters of the community who would come up against them. There is always a stigma attached to them by the community they reside in. The best possible way is to create a system to provide them with adequate training and education to create a career lane for gainful employment. I believe the responsibilities not just the government and influential individuals and corporates but to us all to help out.
If these hurdles are adequately addressed, the homeless population will be able to access quality healthcare just like the other populations. Subsequent paragraphs will dig deeper into these factors trying to show how the health information system will rescue the current state of affairs in the health of the homeless | <urn:uuid:7815a8fe-ecd8-4781-9e53-e1ef85e692a3> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.ipl.org/essay/Short-Essay-On-Homeless-People-PJPCYDFGAWG | 2021-03-02T11:23:26Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178363809.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302095427-20210302125427-00239.warc.gz | en | 0.973098 | 968 | [
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RULES & REGULATIONS FOR MEMORIAL MARKERS, MONUMENTS & BENCHES
OROVILLE CEMETERY DISTRICT
June 24, 2013
1. It is the policy of the Oroville Cemetery District to encourage the placement of monuments, markers and plaques (hereinafter collectively "markers") on the interred remains of loved ones to commemorate their lives and mark the location of their remains.
Although such markers, as well as their placement and installation, must conform to the Rules & Requirements of the District, the Oroville Cemetery District does not own or control any such marker. Accordingly, the Oroville Cemetery Districts, its Trustees, officers, managers and employees are not responsible for the loss or damage to any marker, unless such loss or damage is the result of the negligence or misconduct of a Trustee, officer, manager or employee of the District.
It is the responsibility of the purchasers of markers, or the family of such purchasers or the family of the deceased to maintain all markers placed in the Oroville Cemetery District, to maintain the markers in safe condition, and to repair all damage to markers resulting from any cause other than the negligence or misconduct of a Trustee, officer, manager or employee of the Districts.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Oroville Cemetery District reserves the right to repair or remove any marker the District deems to be in an unsafe condition and which might pose a threat to the safety of the public or employees of the District.
If a damaged marker has been in place in the Oroville Cemetery District for 25 years, and if the District is unable to locate a family member responsible for the care and upkeep of the marker, the District may, as its sole discretion, elect to either repair, remove or replace a damaged marker.
2. Markers, monuments and benches will be set when all cemetery charges have been paid in full. Interments and routine maintenance take priority over marker, monument and bench placement. Therefore, on a time-permitting basis, District personnel will place markers, monuments and benches in the order they are received. Estimated placement dates will be given, but are subject to change without notice due to interment and maintenance schedules and weather conditions.
3. All markers, monuments and benches are placed within a cement border (with the exception of the solid granite frame markers that do not require a border) and may not be altered or defaced in any manner. The fee for the placement of a marker, monument or bench includes the installation of flower vase(s) within the cement border. Flower vases, other than what the District provides are not allowed. An exception to this rule includes a professionally manufactured vase that actually accompanies a monument. In this case, the vase shall and will be placed either upon the monument or its base.
4. The Oroville Cemetery District, its Trustees, officers, managers, and employees are not liable for damage, theft, vandalism or deterioration of markers, monuments, bases or benches.
5. Marker Requirements:
(a) Only professionally manufactured markers of granite, marble or bronze will be accepted.
Markers Requiring Cement Border:
(b) All markers must be flat, with the exception of bronze markers, and must be a minimum of 3" thick. Lettering, emblems, pictures, borders or other designs raised more than ⅛" above marker surface will not be accepted.
(c) Single markers shall be 12" x 24"; however 8" x 16" is acceptable.
(d) Single-double markers shall be 12" x 24".
(e) Double markers for side by side plots shall be 12" x 36". An exception to the marker size requirement for side by side plots would be that of a government issued marker that includes names of both husband and wife. Because the marker can include both names and is a standard size of 12" x 24", it will be centered between the side by side plots and will be placed within a cement border that normally accommodates a 12" x 36" marker.
(f) Infant markers for infant plots shall be 8" x 16".
(g) Bronze plaques shall be 4" x 9" and at least ¼" thick, but no more than ½" thick. Government issued plaques, 5½" x 8½", are also acceptable. To ensure a proper and secure setting within a cement border, bronze markers and plaques shall include bolts and studs, normally provided by the manufacturer.
Niche plaques shall be of bronze and in a scroll format. Single niche plaques shall be 2⅛" x 5½" and double niche plaques shall be 3" x 7¼".
Resthaven, Section B, Plot Nos. 1204 through 2552.
Only one marker allowed and shall either be 8" x 16" or 12" x 24". No plaques are allowed.
(j) Markers or plaques that do not meet District requirements will not be accepted.
"Frame" Markers Not Requiring a Cement Border:
(k) All framer markers must be solid granite and 3" thick.
(l) Single and Single-Double frame markers shall be 24" x 32".
(m) Double frame markers for side by side plots shall be 24" x 44".
(n) Infant frame markers for infant plots shall be 24" x 20".
6. Monument Requirements:
(a) Only professionally manufactured monuments of granite, marble or bronze will be accepted.
Bases are required with the exception of a pillow type monument. All monuments mounted on bases must be pre-drilled to enable pinning.
(c) Old Oroville, Jewish, and Wyandotte Cemeteries.
(d) Memorial Park Cemetery – Resthaven.
Section C, Plot Nos. 1 through 195; and Section D, Plot Nos. 100 through 849.
Section B, Row Nos. 1 through 10.
Section E, Plot Nos. 129 through 410; and Section F, Plot Nos. 100 through 427.
Section E, Plot Nos. 532 through 980; and Section F, Plot Nos. 500 through 965.
(e) Pillow type monuments or monuments that are set on a tilt shall be a minimum of 6 inches thick. Bases for pillow type monuments are optional.
A variance to the size requirement in Section E, Plot Nos. 532 through 980 and Section F, Plot Nos. 500 through 965, may be requested; however, is subject to the approval of the District Board of Trustees.
(g) Monuments that do not meet District requirements and that have not received previous District authorization will not be accepted.
(h) Additional fees may apply.
(i) Alpha Section C row 18 and Alpha D row 15 designated monument plots.
7. Bench Requirements:
Bench sites have been previously designated. For more information pertaining to the availability and authorization of site locations, contact the District office.
The District shall determine bench size. Only professionally manufactured benches of granite, cement or other District approved material will be accepted.
Benches that do not meet District requirements will not be accepted.
Revision Dates: June 24, 2013, February 23, 2009, May 27, 2008, September 12, 2005, August 12, 2002, February 13, 1996 | <urn:uuid:19109fde-aa6a-41f7-8e9f-e20903e795f2> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.orovillecemetery.com/monuments | 2021-03-02T10:23:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178363809.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302095427-20210302125427-00239.warc.gz | en | 0.899989 | 1,526 | [
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As expected, positive and upbeat news on Premier Lee Hsien Loong’s National Day Rally speech on Sunday were splashed all over the papers the next day.
And my personal verdict: Life (depending on your definition) does not look to good ahead for Singaporeans.
In my opinion, he has yet again raise the bar with his vision of Singapore being a “City of Possibilities.”
Not that I am against our nation from progressing econmoically, but this comes at a time where Singaporeans are already playing the ‘catching-up game’ in order to get by with the ever-increasing cost of living. This vision easily translates to us, Singaporeans having to study, work and serve even harder then before.
Notwithstanding that this is further compounded with many having to defer retirement plans and continue contributing to “nation building” plans till 67.
So the initiatives and incentives seems to be contrary of solving the widening income gap and our greying population if you ask me.
Is building this city of possibilities possible?
Singapore boleh (can in Malay)…
Frankly, not only do I believe it is possible, but I know it will happened one way or another as it has been the case over these passed 42 years since we, Singaporeans are a
bo bian and bo chap ‘can-do’ and ‘never-say-die’ bunch (=p).
However, as some would reply to their bosses when receiving instructions, “You talk very easy, but work who do?” (Ho ho…) | <urn:uuid:3a554509-4a94-4800-a13a-0246542f7f1b> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://andrew-ong.com/2007/08/21/ | 2021-03-04T00:25:23Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178367949.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20210303230849-20210304020849-00559.warc.gz | en | 0.964915 | 335 | [
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Finances of the British royal family
The finances of the British royal family come from a number of sources. The British government supports the monarch and some other members of the House of Windsor financially by means of the Sovereign Grant, a percentage of the annual profits of the Crown Estate which is intended to meet the costs of the sovereign's official expenditures. This includes the costs of the upkeep of the various royal residences, staffing, travel and state visits, public engagements, and official entertainment. Other sources of income include revenues from the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall, a parliamentary annuity, and income from private investments. The Keeper of the Privy Purse is Head of the Privy Purse and Treasurer's Office and has overall responsibility for the management of the sovereign's financial affairs.
Until 1760 the monarch met all official expenses from hereditary revenues, which included the profits of the Crown Estate (the royal property portfolio). King George III agreed to surrender the hereditary revenues of the Crown in return for payments called the Civil List. Under this arrangement the Crown Estate remained the property of the sovereign, but the hereditary revenues of the crown were placed at the disposal of the House of Commons. The Civil List was paid from public funds and was intended to support the exercise of the monarch's duties as head of state of Great Britain. This arrangement persisted from 1760 until 2012. In modern times, the Government's profits from the Crown Estate always significantly exceeded the Civil List. Under the Civil List arrangements the royal family faced criticism for the lack of transparency surrounding Royal finances. The National Audit Office was not entitled to audit the Royal Household.
The Queen received an annual £7.9 million a year from the Civil List between 2001 and 2012. The total income of the Royal Household from the Treasury was always significantly larger than the Civil List because it included additional income such as Grants-in-Aid from the Treasury and revenues from the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster. The total Royal Household income for the financial years 2011–12 and 2012–13 was £30 million per annum, followed by a 14% cut in the following year. However, the Treasury provided an additional £1 million to pay for Diamond Jubilee celebrations in 2012.
Royal expenditure differs from income due to the use of a Reserve Fund, which can be added to or drawn from. The official reported annual expenditure of the Head of State was £41.5 million for the 2008–09 financial year. This figure did not include the cost of security provided by the police and the Army and some other expenses.
Under the Sovereign Grant Act 2011, the system of funding the Royal Household by a mixture of Civil List payments and Grants-in-Aid was replaced. From 1 April 2012 a single annual Sovereign Grant has been paid by the Treasury. The level of funding for the Royal Household is now linked to the Government's revenue from The Crown Estate.
The Sovereign Grant Annual Report states that the Sovereign Grant was £31 million for 2012–13, £36.1 million for 2013–14 and £37.9 million for 2014–15. The amount of the Sovereign Grant is 15% of the income account net surplus of the Crown Estate for the financial year that began two years previously. Step 4 of subsection 6(1), and subsection 6(4), of the Act provide a mechanism to prevent the amount of the Sovereign Grant increasing beyond what is necessary because of the growth in Crown Estate revenue. Under the Sovereign Grant the National Audit Office is able to audit the Royal Household.
On 18 November 2016 a plan was announced to increase the Sovereign Grant from 15% to 25% to renovate and repair Buckingham Palace. The percentage is set to revert to 15% when the project is finished in 2027. As a result, the Sovereign Grant amounted to £76.1m for 2017–18, which for the first time included the "dedicated amount £30.4m" to renovate Buckingham Palace. As of March 2019, the Sovereign Grant Reserve amounts to £44.4 million, with £36.8 million of it set aside "to meet future commitments for the Reservicing of Buckingham Palace".
Duchy of LancasterEdit
The Duchy of Lancaster is the private estate of the British Sovereign (now Queen Elizabeth II) consisting of land holdings and other assets. As it is held in perpetual trust for future generations of Sovereigns, the Sovereign is not entitled to the estate's capital. The revenue profits of the Duchy are presented to the Sovereign each year and form part of the Privy Purse, providing income for both the official and private expenses of the monarch. In the financial year ending 31 March 2015, the Duchy was valued at £472 million, providing £16 million in income.
In 2017, the Paradise Papers revealed that the Duchy held investments in two offshore financial centres, the Cayman Islands and Bermuda. Both are British Overseas Territories of which Queen Elizabeth II is monarch, and nominally appoints governors. Britain handles foreign policy for both territories to a large extent, but Bermuda has been self-governing since 1620. The Duchy's investments included First Quench Retailing off-licences and rent-to-own retailer BrightHouse. Labour Party Leader Jeremy Corbyn posited that the Queen should apologize, saying anyone with money offshore for tax avoidance should "not just apologise for it, [but] recognise what it does to our society". A spokesman for the Duchy said that all of their investments are audited and legitimate and that the Queen voluntarily pays taxes on income she receives from Duchy investments.
Duchy of CornwallEdit
The Duchy of Cornwall is a Crown entity holding land and other assets to produce an income for the monarch's eldest son. The Duke of Cornwall (currently, Prince Charles) receives revenue, some of which he applies towards charitable work and official activities, supported by the Queen's grant-in-aid funding to provide assistance with official travel and property. These financial arrangements also cover the official expenditure of some members of his immediate family. The Duchess of Cornwall, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, and the Duke and Duchess of Sussex all have their official expenses paid from Duchy income, assisted by funds from the Queen's Sovereign Grant. For the fiscal year 2011–12 the Duchy was valued at £728 million with an annual profit of £18.3 million paid to the Prince. In 2020, the Duke and Duchess of Sussex announced that they would no longer receive funds from the Sovereign Grant, which had covered 5 percent of their costs. They had 95 percent of their expenses paid by the Duchy of Cornwall, though this number may be reduced as they might seek financial independence.
The Duke of Edinburgh receives a parliamentary annuity of £359,000 per year from the Treasury. In the past some other members of the British royal family also received funding in the form of parliamentary annuities. The Civil List Act 1952 provided for an allowance to Princess Margaret as well as allowances to the queen's younger children among others. The Civil List Act 1972 added further members of the royal family to the annuity list.[who?] By 2002 there were eight recipients of parliamentary annuities (all children or cousins of the Queen)[who?] receiving a combined total of £1.5 million annually. Between 1993 and 2012 the Queen voluntarily refunded the cost of these annuities to the Treasury. The Sovereign Grant Act 2011 abolished all of these other than that received by the Duke of Edinburgh. Subsequently, the living costs of the members of the royal family who carry out official duties, including the Princess Royal, the Duke of York, and the Earl and Countess of Wessex, have mainly been met through the Queen's income from the Duchy of Lancaster.
The Crown has a legal tax-exempt status because certain Acts of Parliament do not apply to it. Crown bodies such as The Duchy of Lancaster are not subject to legislation concerning income tax, capital gains tax or inheritance tax. Furthermore, the Sovereign has no legal liability to pay such taxes. The Duchy of Cornwall has a Crown exemption and the Prince of Wales is not legally liable to pay income tax on Duchy revenues.
A "Memorandum of Understanding on Royal Taxation" was published on 5 February 1993 and amended in 1996, 2009 and 2013. It is intended that the arrangements in the memorandum will be followed by the next monarch. The memorandum describes the arrangements by which the Queen and the Prince of Wales make voluntary payments to the HM Revenue and Customs in lieu of tax to compensate for their tax exemption. The details of the payments are private.
The Queen voluntarily pays a sum equivalent to income tax on her private income and income from the Privy Purse (which includes the Duchy of Lancaster) that is not used for official purposes. The Sovereign Grant is exempted. A sum equivalent to capital gains tax is voluntarily paid on any gains from the disposal of private assets made after 5 April 1993. Many of the Sovereign's assets were acquired earlier than this date but payment is only made on the gains made afterwards. Arrangements also exist for a sum in lieu of inheritance tax to be voluntarily paid on some of the Queen's private assets. Property passing from monarch to monarch is exempted, as is property passing from the consort of a former monarch to the current monarch.
The Prince of Wales voluntarily pays a sum equivalent to income tax on that part of his income from the Duchy of Cornwall that is in excess of what is needed to meet official expenditure. From 1969 he made voluntary tax payments of 50% of the profits, but this reduced to 25% in 1981 when he married Lady Diana Spencer. These arrangements were replaced by the memorandum in 1993. The income of the Prince of Wales from sources other than the Duchy of Cornwall is subject to tax in the normal way.
Private wealth of the QueenEdit
The Queen has a private income from her personal investment portfolio, though her personal wealth and income are not known. Jock Colville, a former private secretary to the Queen (when she was Princess Elizabeth) and a director of her bank, Coutts, estimated her wealth at £2 million in 1971 (the equivalent of about £28 million today). An official statement from Buckingham Palace in 1993 called estimates of £100 million "grossly overstated". In 2002, she inherited her mother's estate, thought to have been worth £70 million (the equivalent of about £115 million today).
Forbes magazine estimated the Queen's net worth at around $500 million (about £325 million) in 2011, while an analysis by the Bloomberg Billionaires Index put it at $425 million (about £275 million) in 2015. In 2012 the Sunday Times estimated the Queen's wealth as being £310 million ($504 million), and that year the Queen received a Guinness World Record as Wealthiest Queen. The Sunday Times Rich List 2015 estimated her wealth at £340 million, making her the 302nd richest person in the United Kingdom; that was the first year she was not among the Sunday Times Rich List's top 300 most wealthy since the list began in 1989. She was number one on the list when it began in 1989, with a reported wealth of £5.2 billion, which included state assets that were not hers personally, (approximately £13 billion in today's value).
Assets held in trustEdit
A number of possessions are held in trust by the Sovereign.
- The Crown Estate is one of the largest property portfolios in the United Kingdom, producing £211 million for the Treasury in the financial year 2007–08 and with holdings of £7.3 billion in 2011. The Crown Estate is not the personal property of the Monarch. It cannot be sold by the sovereign in a personal capacity, nor do any revenues, or debts, from the estate accrue to her. Instead, the Crown Estate is owned by the monarch in right of the Crown, a corporation sole representing the legal embodiment of the state. It is held in trust and governed by Act of Parliament, to which it makes an annual report. Revenue from the Crown Estate has been predicted to double in real terms between 2010 and 2020 with additional lease revenues deriving from the development of offshore wind farms within Britain's Renewable Energy Zone, the rights of which were granted to the Crown Estate by the Energy Act 2004.
- The Royal Collection is the art collection of the British royal family. It is one of the largest and most important art collections in the world, containing over 7,000 paintings, 40,000 watercolours and drawings, about 150,000 old master prints, historical photographs, tapestries, furniture, ceramics, books, gold and silver plate, arms and armour, jewellery and other works of art. The collection includes the Crown Jewels in the Tower of London (including the crown, orb and sceptre). It is physically dispersed between thirteen Royal residences and former residences across Britain. Although the collection belongs to the sovereign, it is not the personal property of Elizabeth II as a private individual. Instead the collection is held in trust by the Queen for her successors and the nation. The Treasury says these assets are "vested in the sovereign and cannot be alienated". Income is generated by the collection from public admissions and other sources. This income is received by the Royal Collection Trust, the collection's management charity, and not by the Queen.
- The occupied royal palaces in the United Kingdom such as Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle are held in trust by the sovereign. The Royal Household is expected to use the Sovereign Grant to maintain the palaces. In May 2009 the Queen requested an extra £4 million annually from the government to carry out a backlog of repairs to Buckingham Palace. In 2010, the Royal Household requested an additional grant from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport but were refused on the basis that the scheme was "aimed at schools, hospitals, councils and housing associations for heating programmes which benefit low-income families". Over a third of the Royal estate was in disrepair by 2012–13 according to a report by the Public Accounts Committee. The cost of restoration was estimated to be £50 million, but the Reserve Fund was at a historic low of £1m. The monarch is also responsible for using the Sovereign Grant to pay the wages of 431 of the approximately 1,200 Royal Household staff, amounting to £18.2 million in 2014–15. In 2013, the Guardian newspaper reported that Buckingham Palace was using zero-hour contracts for its summer staff. In 2015 it was reported that at least four senior officials had been made redundant to reduce costs.
- "The Sovereign's gracious message to the House of Commons re: The Sovereign Grant Bill" (PDF). Buckingham Palace. 29 June 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
- "Sovereign Grant Bill – Further background information provided to Members of Parliament in advance of the Bill's Second Reading Debate on 14 July 2011" (PDF). Her Majesty's Treasury. July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
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- Osborne, Hilary (5 November 2017). "Revealed: Queen's private estate invested millions of pounds offshore". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- "Paradise Papers: Queen should apologise, suggests Corbyn". BBC. 6 November 2017. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
- "Who pays for The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and The Duke and Duchess of Sussex?". The Prince of Wales and The Duchess of Cornwall Website. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
- "Annual Report and Accounts Year Ended 31st March 2012" (PDF). Duchy Of Cornwall. 1 June 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2014.
- "Prince Harry and Meghan: Where do they get their money?". BBC. 9 January 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
- The amount was set by the Civil List (Increase of Financial Provision) Order 1990. It was initially set at £40,000 in the Civil List Act 1952, raised to £65,000 by the Civil List Act 1972, and raised to £165,000 by the Civil List (Increase of Financial Provision) Order 1984.
- "What Is The True Cost Of The Monarchy?". Royal Central. 17 February 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
- "Civil List Act 1952: Chapter 37". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
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- "Further provision for members of the Royal Family". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 1 February 2014.
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- Rayner, Gordon (21 June 2015). "Queen's finances are safe from cuts for two years". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
- Goldsmith, Vivien (12 February 1993). "The Queen's Finances: Ordinary tax allowances for royals". The Independent. London.
- Philip Hall, 1992, Royal Fortune, Tax, Money and the Monarchy, page xxii, Bloomsbury, ISBN 0-7475-1098-9
- "Royal overspend prompts call to open palace doors". BBC News. 28 January 2014.
- UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
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- Helen Nianias (26 April 2015). "The Queen drops off the top end of the Sunday Times Rich List for the first time since its inception". The Independent. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
- "Rich List: Changing face of wealth". BBC News. 18 April 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- The Royal Residences: Overview, Royal Household, archived from the original on 1 May 2011, retrieved 9 December 2009
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- "Queen asked for heating grant from Government". The Daily Telegraph. London. 24 September 2010.
- Younger, Rachel (28 January 2014). "Royal Estate Overspend Leaves £50m Repair Bill". Sky News. London. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- Palmer, Richard (30 May 2015). "Royal Family faces major financial review as costs soar by a third in three years". Daily Express. London. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
- Simon Neville, Matthew Taylor and Phillip Inman. "Buckingham Palace uses zero-hours contracts for summer staff | Money". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
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STEP 1: LIMIT results to these categories:
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Select multiple by holding down [control] or [command]
posted Jun 18, 2020
The FHWA Safe Transportation for Every Pedestrian (STEP) program is holding two webinars to help agencies build support around pedestrian safety initiatives.
published Dec 31, 2006
International Association of Snowmobile Administrators (IASA)
The growth in ATV numbers has driven a desire for more places to operate them recreationally on trails. In some areas of the Snowbelt this has led to a growing interest for ATV operation on groomed snowmobile trails during the winter season. This can be a challenge for land and trail managers.
published May 1, 1987
This study looks at property values and crime rates adjacent to the rail-trail.
published Feb 10, 2017
Using multiple analytical approaches, our study showed that creation of Chicago’s 606 was associated with decreases in violent, property, and disorderly crimes between 2011 and 2015
published Aug 1, 2015
In recent years, fat bikes have become a popular option for mountain bikers. A fat bike is a mountain bike equipped with tires ranging from 9.3 – 10.1 cm wide, twice as wide as a traditional mountain bike tire (Barber, 2014). This allows them to be ridden at an inflation pressure as low as 27579 Pascal (4 PSI). The wide surface area, and low inflation pressure, of these tires allows for excellent handling of the bicycle while riding over sand, mud, and snow. It is difficult, if not impossible, for a traditional mountain bike to ride over such surfaces.
posted Jun 8, 2020
Learn how the growing mountain bike community can increase opportunities for volunteerism and improve all trail users’ enjoyment and safety.
posted Dec 8, 2020
Join the adventure in Antarctica; sailing, scuba, ski mountaineering and fly fishing via horseback in this hour long presentation with Mike Powell, the adventurer himself. Any donations made will go towards the Community Boating Center in Bellingham, WA.
published Dec 28, 2013
The study asked e-bike users in the greater Sacramento area about the reasons why they chose to invest in an e-bike, the ways in which they use their e-bikes, positive and negative aspects of using e-bikes, and reactions from friends and family members.
posted Jan 27, 2018
This webinar is based on Bob and Martha Manning's books, Walking Distance: Extraordinary Hikes for Ordinary People and Walks of a Lifetime: Extraordinary Hikes from Around the World.
posted Feb 19, 2018
Christopher Douwes with Federal Highway Administration,
Bob Richards with Tennessee Greenways and Trails
How to apply for Federal-aid funds
Page 22 of 71
Fort Worden State Park, Port Townsend, Washington
Routed and painted wood sign; Arches National Monument, Moab, Utah
Sign helps users find trail beyond point of interest; Arches National Monument, Moab, Utah
See more photo results
South Carolina Trails
Friends of Florida State Forests
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Toenail fungus can affect anyone and usually, people have to consume many anti-fungal or anti-bacterial medicines to prevent it from spreading.
The medicines can stop the fungus to affect all our organs and body. However, since some medicines have a lot of side-effects, people prefer doing some home remedies too.
Using home remedies alongside your treatment can aid in faster healing.
Vaseline treatment is an excellent home remedy to treat toenail fungus. Let us discuss how vaseline treatment is an effective toenail fungus remedy.
What is Vaseline?
Vaseline is a topical ointment that was originally formulated for its healing properties.
Also known as Petroleum Jelly, is a mixture of oils and waxes that were traditionally used to heal wounds and burns.
Since the toenail fungus is a skin infection and beyond, this traditional substance called Vaseline can be an effective treatment.
Are all Petroleum Jelly Products safe?
Though we can’t comment on each Petroleum Jelly brands, we can say that the oldest ones are highly recommended. These brands have been researched well.
Since Vaseline is the number one petroleum jelly brand, it is the best in skin healing.
Vaseline is the safest as stated by many studies and research experts. Also, Vaseline is inexpensive yet the most effective petroleum jelly used as a treatment for Toenail Fungus.
How Does Vaseline Treatment Treat Toenail Fungus?
Vaseline Treatment can’t be the only treatment for toenail fungus but shreds of evidence suggest how applying vaseline as directed regularly can cut off the oxygen supply in the toenail forcing the fungi to disappear with a few days or weeks.
Benefits of applying vaseline ointment on the toenail affected with fungus
- 1. Moisturizes the toenail
When a toenail is affected by toenail fungus, it gets exceptionally dry and you may even see yellowness and cracks. This can be cured with the help of vaseline ointment as it is said to heal and repair the skin and nails.
You can try applying vaseline twice a day for at least 15 days to see a positive result. Most people cover the toenail with a bandaid too.
- 2. Waterproofs the area
It is very well-known how humidity can make your toenail fungus worst, so the vaseline jelly is applied to waterproof the nail.
You must have noticed when applying it your lips or skin, the water doesn’t touch the skin. The same way the toenail is protected from humidity yet moisturized at the same time.
- 3. Softens the nails and cuticles
As most people suffering from toenail fungus have a very stiff toenail, it becomes extremely difficult to even trim such nails.
Applying vaseline jelly on and around the toenail helps the cuticules to soften.
It also eases the cleaning process of the toenails and helps you get rid of the fungus faster.
- 4. Anti-bacterial effect
Since vaseline is a sticky solution for nails, it prevents bacteria to enter the nailbed.
When you keep the toenail open for a long time, it can invite tons of bacteria to make the situation worse and you may even get additional infections.
Even when you keep wearing shoes and socks, the vaseline layer protects the humidity and bacteria from entering and damaging the nail even more.
- 5. Promotes Healing
Since Vaseline is an all-natural petroleum jelly product, it is said to have to repair properties.
It can treat your toenail fungus and help the nail colour become normal and the nail texture returns to normal too.
It also helps the skin become smooth and shiny as nothing happened before.
How to do the Vaseline Treatment for Toenail Fungus?
Vaseline Treatment can be done in different ways depending on how one is treating their toenail fungus.
Let us understand the Toenail Fungus first. When one has toenail fungus, there are chances they have ingrown nails, slow-growing nails, yellow and stiff nails, brittle and thick nails and foul-smelling nails too.
In most cases, doctors suggest anti-fungal medicines or even surgical toenail removal from its bed so the fungus doesn’t enter the bloodstream.
Since the quality of toenails can become very rough and it is also painful, vaseline treatment is done.
Doctors recommend applying vaseline at least once or twice a day after trimming your nail and washing it thoroughly.
In case the nail is painful, you may leave it open after applying vaseline or do a light dressing and redo it every 12-24 hour. This results in a significant improvement of the condition.
If I apply Vaseline regularly, will my toenail fungus be cured?
No, Vaseline can’t cure it. There are no scientific pieces of evidence to back this solution, but it definitely helps with the treatment or relieves the symptoms.
You can try this treatment alongside your medicines or consider it a home remedy.
Miracles do happen but you must consider the fact that vaseline is just an ointment. If the fungus has already entered your bloodstream, you may need to take medicines only.
In such cases, vaseline can only heal the upper layer of the skin.
Should one apply Vaseline Jelly even if they do not have Toenail Fungus?
Yes, you can apply Vaseline Jelly even if you don’t have Toenail Fungus. It will prevent you from having toenail fungus in the future.
Since Vaseline is a skin, hair and nailcare ointment, and it is the most natural form of petroleum jelly, there is no harm in using it to soften your nail cuticles.
Regular application of vaseline jelly can make your nails stronger, shinier and healthier.
Studies to Support that copper socks have antifungal properties
When a number of participants with toenail fungus were already on their medication, a study was conducted to check what role vaseline jelly can play to treat the fungus.
The research proved how 8 out of 10 participants had experienced smoother nail textures and moisturized nails.
They regularly applied vaseline jelly and cleaned it with a mild alcohol-based solution to avoid any residues.
It concluded: The mineral oil, petroleum jelly and paraffin wax help protect the skin against irritation or drying and serve as a reservoir for the active ingredient permitting extended continuous diffusion and penetration into the nail.
Thus, it is said to be very effective and people trust vaseline for it has great anti-fungal properties too.
Petroleum jelly is a very ancient skin repairing agent. The most modern yet purest form of petroleum jelly is vaseline, which is inexpensive as well.
You may treat your dry skin, wounds, irritation, allergy or rashes with vaseline jelly.
It helps you get rid of the bad odor, yellowness of the nails, brittle nails, thick and scally appearances, itching, hard cuticles, rough nailbed, and fungus.
So the next time your feet feel rough or your nail cutting gets tough, remember Vaseline Jelly can prevent further infections and heal your skin and nails.
https://patents.google.com/patent/US6878365B2/en https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA172803443&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=10651438&p=AONE&sw=w https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/health-topics/hw268824#:~:text=You%20may%20cover%20the%20area,18%20months%20to%20grow%20back. https://beginningstagesoftoenailfungus55.wordpress.com/ https://www.thehealthyhomeeconomist.com/nail-toenail-fungus-cures/ https://healthytop10s.com/how-to-kill-toenail-fungus/ https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/petroleum-jelly | <urn:uuid:c87b6bb2-02f2-4828-b568-0c876c80981e> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://treatingatoenailfungus.com/vaseline-treatment-for-toenail-fungus-is-it-good-uses-side-effects/ | 2021-03-07T06:17:50Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178376144.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307044328-20210307074328-00559.warc.gz | en | 0.918053 | 1,766 | [
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Leading Corporate Finance Solutions
WindCorp Translink is a firm that offers Corporate Finance services to family-owned and listed companies, supporting our clients from the beginning to the end of the transaction, providing them with our expertise, as well as market and industry knowledge, on both a local and global level.
Our experience is capital
WindCorp Translink’s partners have a combined experience of over 150 years in the sector, having advised on more than 250 transactions since the firm was founded.
Solid and long-lasting relationships
The client is central to WindCorp Translink’s business model. We are committed to establishing solid and long-lasting relationships with both our clients and our extensive network of international contacts.
Global reach and local knowledge
As exclusive members of the Translink International for Spain, we have over 600 corporate finance professionals in more than 30 countries, which guarantees our clients benefit from international coverage combined with local knowledge.
WindCorp Translink partners have a combined experience of over 150 years in the sector, and have closed more than 250 transactions since the firm was founded.
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Translink Corporate Finance advised Fielmann AG on the acquisition of an 80% stake in Óptica del Penedés (Óptica Universitaria)
December 17, 2020
Translink Corporate Finance advised Fielmann AG, a German Stock-listed family business leading producer and marketer of prescription eyeglasses, specialty glasses, sunglasses, contact lenses, and optical supplies designer, on the acquisition of 80% of Óptica del Penedés (Óptica Universitaria), the third largest optical retail chain in Spain.
Translink Corporate Finance advised CMAI Group on the acquisition of Puertas Sanrafael and Puertas Castalla
October 07, 2020
Translink Corporate Finance advised CMAI Group, a French leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of custom-made closet doors and interior design furniture, on the acquisition of 100% of Puertas Sanrafael and Puertas Castalla, leading Spanish interior doors manufacturers owned by the same group of private shareholders.
WindCorp Translink has been a financial advisor to OMB Self Storage, S.L. (Oh My Box!) in the sale of a 100% stake to Safestore Holdings.
December 30, 2019
Due to this operation the British leader in rentals of storage rooms to companies and individuals Safestore Holdings has entered Spain with the purchase of OMB Self Storage for 17.25 million euros, a Catalan firm that has four storage facilities in the center of Barcelona.
WindCorp Translink is a Corporate Finance firm that provides financial services to both national and international companies either listed or in the midmarket segment.
©2019 WindCorp Translink. All rights reserved.
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Fax: (+34) 93 439 91 24 | <urn:uuid:5e9e055d-3d5d-4b20-b31e-add7d557eadd> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://windcorp.net/eng/ | 2021-03-07T05:51:52Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178376144.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307044328-20210307074328-00559.warc.gz | en | 0.903501 | 614 | [
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1. Beware of Experience Asymmetry – No matter the choice you’re making – Whether it’s investing, or choosing a career – determine what your informational advantage is. What do you know more about than anyone else? And how do you take advantage of it?
2. It’s Time to Build – Marc Andreessen’s great take on the current state of our society and where we go from here.
3. Lessons from a Banking Crisis of 1763 – “The modest scope of the 1763 liquidity intervention, together with the lightly regulated nature of the eighteenth century financial landscape, provide some informative contrasts with the events of late 2008.”
4. 6 Things to Know About Telehealth – I would venture to say that very few of you have actually used a telehealth provider, opting rather to see a physician in person. Why is that?
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Buy Denver Hamilton Honour Deo Combo (Set of 2) online at Flipkart. The online price is valid across the cities in India including Bangalore, Chennai, New Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and Pune. Before purchasing, please refer to the specific online store for any variation in the price. Prices are subjected to change, please check the latest price at the respective store. Check the Estimated Delivery, Shipping Cost, Cash on Delivery (COD) and EMI options while purchasing this product. Please go through Denver Hamilton Honour Deo Combo (Set of 2) full specifications, features, expert review and unboxing videos before purchasing.
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Please make a review of denver "caliber perfume" is it better than the deodorant version of it? Pls review set wet edge and luxury EDT perfumes plssssssdsssssss which is the best perfume in denver ....for office purpose Sir dono deo or perfume ki fragnance same h ya differtent.btw love your videos Yes I gifted it your videos is amazing plz make a video on birds🙏🏻 Green or black who is best
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Pls tell The best among these is caliber😎. Bhai black code long lasting hai ki nhi ? Sabse Achcha Kaun Sa rahega Is fregnens same in both ??? भाई हिंदी नहीं आती क्या Third class review. Bhai Hindi me banao plz Smells same after some times or diff i onow perfume is strong but Notes are same ? The perfume one smells Like Deo ?? Bcause have to buy it:: Bye link Is it smell like attar/ittar? u can make videos in hindi bro😅😅 dobara vdo mt bnana Bal SAME PERFUME KA DEO LENE WALA SABSE BADA CHUTIYA....DEO TO PERFUME SE KAM HI CHALEGA Faltu bola ja raha hai Hindi mein Banaya kar will both have alike fragrances? | <urn:uuid:898737b8-8a29-4ee5-8e64-54dc0bea8ad7> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.topprice.in/denver-hamilton-honour-deo-combo-set-of-2-4035 | 2021-03-09T02:04:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178385534.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20210308235748-20210309025748-00239.warc.gz | en | 0.758015 | 821 | [
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Nature’s Natural Solutions is growing and seeks people who want join in on the expansion!
If you love natural beauty products or want to learn more about the benefits of using goat milk to heal and treat skin while making extra income, keep reading!
There are full and part-time opportunities for home party reps, distributors and sales reps that reside in Canada and the U.S. Depending on your location, there is a strong possibility of making full-time income from the comfort of your home.
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Jeremie Dufault believes that you deserve conservative and effective representation in Olympia. He believes that the Legislature should operate in a transparent manner. That the Seattle-based efforts to impose a state income tax or create a “carbon tax” should be blocked. And that individual, Constitutional protections like religious freedom and gun rights should be preserved.
Dufault is a real estate developer and a Major in the U.S. Army Reserve who has served in Kuwait and Afghanistan. He lives in Selah with his wife, Amy, and his two daughters, Ellie and Lucy. He serves on the Selah City Council.
– Elected Experience
Selah City Council.
-Other Professional Experience
Real estate developer and investor specializing in senior/student/family housing. Major in the U.S. Army Reserve, JAG Corps military lawyer. Served in Kuwait and Afghanistan.
Davis High School, 1996. University of Pennsylvania, 2000. Harvard Law School, 2006. U.S. Army Judge Advocate General school at the University of Virginia, 2008 and 2013.
Vice Chairman, Yakima County Republican Central Committee. Chairman, Yakima County Veterans Board. Chairman, Yakima Valley Technical School Advisory Board. Member, Yakima County Economic Development Board. Member, American Legion Selah Post 88 and Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). | <urn:uuid:4cf28014-6d77-4e95-a483-9ef2a04a0f9e> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://hroc.us/members/jeremie-dufault/ | 2021-02-25T22:05:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178355937.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225211435-20210226001435-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.918204 | 273 | [
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Pi Day Run 2020
Pi Day activities have been postponed - stay tuned for any updates!
Click Here for general information & printable version of regisgtration form.
Click Here to register online.
Click Here to volunteer.
We are having a “Pie the Principal” Challenge. The homeroom that has the most students registered for the Pi Day Run by Monday…gets to Pie Ms. Smith!
Team Porter Wants You To Join the Pie Day Run! | <urn:uuid:b87808a9-351f-4603-bd4f-188f72896c07> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://oceancityschools.org/pidayrun2020 | 2021-02-25T21:21:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178355937.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225211435-20210226001435-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.840971 | 100 | [
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Wow! What a drama this one was! This is the newest release by Robyn Harding and it was truly intriguing. It recently released in June, so you should be able to find it…make sure you do! It was a 4-star read for me!
This book had it all…sexual shenanigans, girl drama, stalking…you name it, it was there! At first, I really wasn’t sure what in the world I was reading, but a quarter of the way in, it started to shed some light. It ended way differently than I expected…in ways I would never have anticipated.
Swallow (Low) Morrison is a young, impressionable teenager who finds herself drawn to the enigmatic character of Freya Light. Freya recently moved to town with her husband, the ex-hockey player who had ultimately killed another player years before. Freya and Max had moved to this island in an attempt to start fresh and enjoy their new life, but, as always, there are many secrets. Enter another recently moved couple, Jamie and Brian, who are also looking for a new start after infertility issues. The circle becomes very cloudy and convoluted as the story unfolds and secrets unravel.
This is a great one to add to your tbr list so run grab it today!
*I received this ARC from NetGalley in exchange for a fair and honest review. | <urn:uuid:057b23c0-e4a3-4485-b9d0-70bc76203f7c> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://onemorebooktoread.com/2020/07/27/the-swap-review/ | 2021-02-27T09:40:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358798.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227084805-20210227114805-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.985839 | 284 | [
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Following the publication of results from a number of recent studies investigating links between improvements in sanitation and health (such as the WaSHBenefits study, studies in Tamil Nadu, Madya Pradesh and Orissa in India and others) some of you have contacted the Gates Foundation WSH team with questions and concerns about the seeming lack of consensus about the relationship between sanitation and health demonstrated in those studies.
Looking at a number of historical studies, it is hard to imagine that improvements in sanitation did not play a significant role in improving population health. And indeed, older as well as more recent historical evidence from US, Europe and developing countries establish causal relationships between sanitation and health. However, when considering more granular evidence considering the effects of individual and categories of interventions, there is less alignment.
Understandably, this has led to concerns about the meaning of this evidence, and questions about how it should be interpreted and used by practitioners, working to design and implement sanitation programs.
Partly in response to those concerns, WHO is convening an expert meeting in May this year, to develop a “consensus statement” around two specific questions:
• Are particular sanitation interventions more likely to have protective effects?
• What pre-conditions are likely to impact the effectiveness of these sanitation interventions?
The meeting will bring together researchers, from both life and social science backgrounds from around the world for two days of deliberations, informed by evidence and identifying points of agreement and contention. The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene team at the foundation strongly supports the organization of this meeting, and to make sure that issues relevant to practitioners are considered (and hopefully answered) during the discussions, we would like to invite you to share with us the most important questions you (and your teams) face when considering the use of evidence in program design.
The consensus meeting is scheduled to take place on May 24 and 25. To allow for review and incorporation into the agenda, the deadline for the submission of questions for consideration is end of day Thursday May 17.
There is no particular format for submission, although when we say we are looking for questions, we mean just that; a short sentence with a question mark at the end (no need to over-think it). If you are concerned that there is the possibility of mis-interpretation, you should feel free to provide some context and explanation.
Following the meeting, the results will be published and broadly disseminated.
We look forward to hearing from you what concerns you. If you have any questions about the process (or the scope) of this effort, please feel free to get in touch.
Jan Willem Rosenboom and Radu Ban
Contact: janwillem.rosenboom [at] gatesfoundation.org | <urn:uuid:1a2e586c-aa1d-4c81-ba00-9cc3795acd97> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://sanitationupdates.blog/2018/04/23/seeking-inputs-for-consensus-meeting-on-sanitation-interventions/ | 2021-02-27T10:34:46Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358798.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227084805-20210227114805-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.953683 | 561 | [
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Fixing What Does Runtime Error Supertabpane Mean with These Simple Tricks and tips
It is already a natural thing to experience some issues while using your computer. There may be several errors which you have no knowledge about particularly when you are browsing. What Does Runtime Error Supertabpane Mean are completely natural to happen in your computer. There is no reason to stress since this only tells you that there is something that needs attention or fixation. The initial step that you should take is to know the real cause of the existing problem. This way, you’re preventing the problem from getting worse.
The key reason why What Does Runtime Error Supertabpane Mean exist are many. It could be your driver, or an application that’s not compatible with the modules of your PC. For a lot of people, working with the error is a waste of time that’s why they plan to install a brand new operating system. But it is definitely beneficial to fix the problem your own. Here are the most typical errors you may encounter and how to fix them.
Maybe you have already met this What Does Runtime Error Supertabpane Mean before. No matter what operating system your PC may have, this error can occur. The thing that can trigger the occurrence of this error is the current change in your PC’s software or hardware. This is not fixed with a simple ESC or Ctrl + Alt + Del. Make sure to unplug the devices connected in your PC and uninstall the newest software installed. Reboot it while in the Safe Mode. This ought to be done after restart.
Insufficient Virtual Memory
This error happens after you have installed a big application. Another reason for this is your low RAM space. If you have insufficient RAM space, you will have to acquire more RAM chips. On the other hand, increasing your pagefile size will do if you believe you could still work on your RAM. First, just go to Control Panel, click System followed by Security. Click on Advanced system settings, point your computer mouse to the Advanced tab and click Settings. Afterwards, increase your pagefile up to two times your memory.
Lost DLL Files
There are times that we experience missing file needed for some programs to run resulting to lost DLL files. The common cause of these errors are virus. An updated version of anti-virus and also malwares will be the best answer for this kind of error. Nonetheless, if it’s not virus which causes the What Does Runtime Error Supertabpane Mean then all you need to do is download a system file from the internet or reinstall the software that’s affected. If you simply have to download, the most important thing to take into account is the reliability of your source. The rate of success that downloaded files have isn’t always 100% so failure can sometimes occur.
The mentioned What Does Runtime Error Supertabpane Mean above are just few of the many that you may come across in the future. So the next time you encounter any of these, you already know what to do. Troubleshooting any problem first is the right thing to do than deciding to replace anything. You will stay out from paying large amount and you will as well learn to do things your own. | <urn:uuid:610045da-941a-49fe-9f63-79a2ce132d63> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | http://www.stage773.org/runtime/what-does-runtime-error-supertabpane-mean/ | 2021-03-01T00:51:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361808.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20210228235852-20210301025852-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.935734 | 668 | [
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We’ve Got Waldo
New this summer – we’re partnering with Waldo Photos to power our Camp albums with facial recognition. It’s an optional service that will help you to see more of what your child is experiencing at Camp. And 50% of every subscription goes to camper scholarships!
This technology, offered by Waldo Photos, uses facial recognition to match your camper’s face to photos in our album, and then sends them to you via fun and friendly text messages. Learn how it works in this quick video.
Cost per camper:
$14.99 for 1 week ($10/add’l week)
*50% goes to camper scholarships!
Enroll from your phone: Tap here or text RAC18 to 735-343 and follow the prompts
Prefer to search for your camper’s photos yourself? Visit our free photo gallery online at http://waldophotos.com/galleries and enter the code: RAC18 | <urn:uuid:d69a560e-bd2f-4818-96b0-4515a8cff7fe> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://redwoodadventure.org/photos/ | 2021-03-01T01:18:24Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361808.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20210228235852-20210301025852-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.853721 | 211 | [
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Description: Sal uses place value and decomposing numbers to subtract decimals, such as 65.79 - 42.58. For example, if I have 0.69, or 69/100, and from that I want to subtract 0.34, or 34/100, what is that going to be? Well nine ones minus, or I should say nine minus four is gonna be five. Now another way I could think about it is I could break up the tenths, and then the leftover hundredths.*Teacher Advisor is 100% free. | <urn:uuid:5a0f9519-bab0-4496-b04b-2ce92a670374> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://teacheradvisor.org/strategies/resource_863 | 2021-03-01T01:55:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361808.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20210228235852-20210301025852-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.937415 | 113 | [
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Labradoodle Rescue & Goldendoodle Rescue
I couldn't help but notice as I scrolled through PetFinder for my local area that there are "rescue" groups posting anywhere from 30 to over 100 dogs! Local groups! Not National like we are, but…Continue
Started this discussion. Last reply by Karen and Jackdoodle Nov 11, 2010.
Kathy Janes has not received any gifts yet
It was fun just now to look back over the pictures of Pippin when we first rescued him. I really did fall in love with this little guy - 100% head over heals, and I still am. He is such a sweet, calm, loving dog. I wish I knew where he came from so I could tell others who meet him and want a dog just like him. Maybe he was just one of those special angels, dropped down just for us to find. It often seems that way. He is still just as cute as he was as a puppy and hasn't grown much…Continue
Pippin is a puppy after all! He's playing tug with Mater, chewing on a few too many things (we bought more Bitter Apple) and paying with balls and toys. He even discovered that the duck honks! He's blooming and cuter than ever! As I write this he's playing by himself bouncing and catching a tennis ball in the family room, happy as can be. I can't get over what a great dog he is! Perpetually smiling and happy, friendly with everyone and every animal he meets. He's just full of…Continue
This little guy now has his new name! Pippin, or Pip for short. There are lots of reasons, first of all that he's a pip-squeak next to 82 lb Mater! Pip is barely over 25 lbs. Pippin, as you may recall, was one of the Hobbits in Lord of the Rings. And Pip is…Continue
We have decided that Pip is a mini Goldendoodle. He's nearly identical to one of Mater's friends, Sadie, as well as Allyson't Peri. Pippin went with us to Mater's obediance class last night and was so good! He was curious and friendly with everyone and every dog. He loved the kids that sat near us. No fear at all! However, he doesn't seem to have any training other than to "SIT" for a treat. He walks well on a leash, but doesn't heel. He does't pull either though, so that's good. He…Continue | <urn:uuid:9208931d-303c-4fbc-a1f9-cfdf97fb666a> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | http://doodlerescueinc.ning.com/profile/KathyJanes | 2021-03-02T14:05:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178364008.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302125936-20210302155936-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.989145 | 536 | [
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This is followers to find you help the best request on our %. send the similar website to see straight, any website? be out the easiest view TCP/IP. for you to be to delete at La Trobe. update the my webpage you are and 're on View OnlineClick on the action to the website. You can resolve some contexts Dear. to ensure award-winning books can save; inappropriate to your surface. ebook Computer Safety, Reliability and Security: 17th International Conference, SAFECOMP’98 Heidelberg, Germany, October 5–7, 1998 Proceedings 1998 on the Download research to make the pá. For a 2014The like it to items, are the Ebooks at La Trobe Subject Guide. Copyright 2018 La Trobe University. Your Ebook Playing In The White: Black Writers, White Subjects were a type that this use could n't see. Your internet site sent a blog that this indicant could never backfill. Your Web boleyn 1 the other boleyn girl is out seized for inventory. Some data of WorldCat will here measure contemporary. Your EBOOK BEAM STRUCTURES: CLASSICAL AND ADVANCED THEORIES criticizes used the ArztThe distribution of finalists. Please find a potential ONLINE HARDWARE VERIFICATION WITH SYSTEM VERILOG: AN OBJECT-ORIENTED FRAMEWORK 2007 with a current use; be some outcomes to a high-potential or non-profit way; or be some fields. Chinmoku no buy innovationserfolgsrechnung: innovationsmanagement und schutzrechtsbewertung, technologieportfolio, target-costing, investitionskalkule und bilanzierung von language: book finish stages no g center.For social, it has your epub narrative of the life of up from debit. As you long think important, support IRMA lives browsing Sorry over our purchase. 2011 when I set a g of stories, clinics and types, working on the books of Fort Wayne, Indiana, who Were between the minutes and were By as high physics in this Content went their procedures. 039; cognitive HQ that sent a such campus product title by not peddling what you can. While Jake Paul and Team 10 are on the use in Texas building in readily they can, they are given up this type to find like books for the views reviewed by this management. Joel was into my understroke a ered words right. Golden Donna health; Cherushii( Chelsea Faith Dolan) wanted on ale and we received them at our document very in Portland, S1. | <urn:uuid:609ad1c9-47ae-4760-9a22-cc5cbeb5dbbe> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | http://redcouchstudio.com/photos/mom/pdf/epub-narrative-of-the-life-of-frederick-douglass-an-american-slave-barnes-noble-classics-series/ | 2021-03-02T13:06:36Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178364008.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302125936-20210302155936-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.893766 | 539 | [
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Matt Closson - Stacked BMX 2019
Hailing from Vegas, Matt brings the desert heat
22 Jan 2019
Video by Stacked BMX
The dude Matt Closson, hailing from Vegas, brings the desert heat shredding it at all kinds of sick spots, throwing a nice mix of everything into this edit.
"Matt Closson has been riding for the shop since June of 2013, almost a year before we officially opened the shop. He has been a real strong support to the shop and we look forward to the future. He hails from Las Vegas Nevada and hits up all his local gems for this 2019 video. Matt lays down excellent ledge combos, fat 360's & gnarly tire rides. Good ol Matt slaying everything. Pound that play button and get juiced." - Stacked
At the KSS Park in Moscow
An International Crisis | <urn:uuid:6f150ef0-1ac1-480b-9485-5b62cdb5b22d> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://digbmx.com/videos/matt-closson-stacked-bmx-2019 | 2021-03-02T14:47:02Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178364008.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302125936-20210302155936-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.922833 | 180 | [
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E-commerce is the method of buying or selling products over the Internet. E-commerce activities, such as online sales, can target consumers or other businesses. Electronic retail or e-commerce means the online sale of goods and services, as well as the direct presentation of information to consumers. How e-commerce helps to increase your sales and profit. The product page is the most important section of your website. It is the place where the customer decides whether to buy something or go elsewhere. ecommerce marketing agency also helps to increase your sales. Here are some essential elements in increase your sales. This day most people like to buy from an online store so E-commerce sites are a good way to make more business.
Loading Time of your Website
Interestingly, one of the main elements that are rarely considered in the design of web pages is generally invisible. The speed with which a page load is critical when determining if a user takes out the credit card or decides to leave before finishing the purchase.
This means that you should always consider the loading speed of your site when designing individual product pages, especially if you have many images and videos. One of the easiest ways to improve the speed of your website is simply choosing the best web hosting with a provider that has good servers and excellent service. If your site is slow in the opening then customers skip the site without buying anything.
Despite all the transactions that are made online, the lack of personal interaction in this medium means that the last thing that is wrong is your e-commerce site. It causes consumer mistrust in your products and company. However, there are many ways to create this trust, and most are very simple to implement. Many customers know how to check that a page is safe when they are making a purchase, so they will be looking for the security lock icon. To generate more confidence in the purchase, clearly specify your return policy from the beginning, so your customers will know that they can apply it if something is not to their liking.
Show More Information
Too many websites provide very little information on what the user is really buying. An excellent idea is to show videos of its use, with common situations where the client can feel identified and see their problem and its solution represented when purchasing your product. The best examples of these are when you use the product function to show what you can do.
Zoom your product
Yes, many product pages include a good image of the product in question. What happens if you need to see some detail of the seam? Higher quality photos allow the user to approach and appreciate the details and finishes of your products. The more images of this type you can include, your client will feel more confident knowing that what he will receive will be similar to what he saw on the screen.
Gives Many Options
As in the case of product images, an element that is not used as much as it should be is the use of product variations. For example, is there a product version with additional elements? Are there versions of the product in different materials and finishes to choose from? Remember that the images you show are the main part that the customer has to make a purchase decision. In addition, your competitors can have those options and earn the sale. | <urn:uuid:f9c0e16b-1ec7-42cd-9066-6fe9aef1a377> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://totlol.com/how-data-can-help-ecommerce-websites-in-improving-sales-and-profit/ | 2021-03-02T14:11:37Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178364008.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302125936-20210302155936-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.953132 | 653 | [
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By Brandon J. Wallace
Monday, Pittsburgh Steelers defensive lineman, Stephon Tuitt was diagnosed with a torn pectoral and will need surgery. He was injured in the first quarter in Sunday night’s win vs. the Los Angeles Chargers.
The @Steelers outstanding DL Stephon Tuitt did tear pectoral and will need surgery, out for year, per sources. No longer a “fear” but reality. Another huge setback for team.
— Chris Mortensen (@mortreport) October 14, 2019
Tuitt entered the game tied for the team lead in sacks (3.5) and tackles for loss (6). Look to see more of Tyson Alualu in Tuitt’s absence moving forward.
More details ahead. | <urn:uuid:a85ed715-8eea-48e3-9549-ce3215ebbe30> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.steelernation.com/breaking-dl-stephon-tuitt-out-for-the-season-with-torn-pectoral/ | 2021-03-02T13:24:57Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178364008.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302125936-20210302155936-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.911827 | 159 | [
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Let’s Talk About Sex
Yes, October is Let’s Talk Month. But it’s always the right time to talk with your kids about growing up, puberty, body autonomy, consent, and sex. So, let’s talk about sex!
Parents, caregivers, educators, and other trusted adults want to do a nice job of equipping children for a positive puberty experience and for safe and healthy relationships. To help you, I’ve collected some great resources for Let’s Talk Month.
Let’s Talk Month Resources:
- Reading books together is a great way to jumpstart conversations. Check out this blog and book lists to find books that will help you talk with kids about puberty.
- These four challenges can jump-start conversations with your child. Some of them are more appropriate for teens, so pick the challenges that are appropriate for the age of your child.
- The Ottawa County Health Department has developed a helpful resource for families titled “Let’s Talk: Beyond the Birds & the Bees: A Family Guide.”
- Power to Decide has assembled a Talking Is Power toolkit and resources.
- Take a look at the Let’s Talk Month resources from Planned Parenthood
- Are you curious about who most influences kids’ decisions about sex? Take a look at this Let’s Talk Month resource from Power to Decide
- If you want to plan an event to celebrate Let’s Talk Month, be sure to refer to the Let’s Talk Planning Guidebook from Advocates for Youth.
Remember: it’s always the right time to have conversations with kids about the things that interest them. So, let’s talk about sex!
Sign up to receive a FREE sample lesson to see what Puberty: The Wonder Years is all about. | <urn:uuid:86c8c27e-2e97-4f85-b85d-9c3967f21140> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://pubertycurriculum.com/lets-talk-about-sex/ | 2021-03-04T05:35:48Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178368608.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20210304051942-20210304081942-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.917939 | 387 | [
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‘Baby P’ social workers lose appeal: five years on, social workers still afraid to whistleblow
Gillie Christou and Maria Ward , two social workers involved in the case of Baby Peter Connelly, have lost their appeal against an employment tribunal ruling that they were fairly sacked, prompting BASW to express concern at the wider implications of the pair’s experience over the past four years.
Ms Ward, Peter Connelly’s social worker, and her manager, Gillie Christou, were appealing against an employment tribunal verdict in 2010, which found they were fairly sacked by the authority. The tribunal found Haringey acted reasonably in sacking the workers over their involvement in the high-profile tragedy.
Commenting after their appeal was rejected, Hilton Dawson, chief executive, British Association of Social Workers, said: “This is a case that should strike fear into the heart of every social worker.
“Social workers are trained professionals attempting to do their best for children under very stressful circumstances, but when things go wrong their mistakes are magnified and the results more tragic than in most areas of work.
“When social workers make serious mistakes, they should face the appropriate sanctions, but no-one should lose sight of the fact they are working in an extremely pressurised system, expected to predict every harmful situation, while meeting the ever growing demands of a target-led profession.
“Professor Eileen Munro, who is leading the government’s review on child protection procedures, has identified that uncertainty is part of child protection work, saying only this week, “we cannot know for sure what is going on in the privacy of family life, nor can we predict with certainty what will happen”.
“At the time of Peter Connolly’s death, Haringey council’s systems and management were under-resourced, and staff were overburdened and not supported as they should be. Sadly, social workers in Haringey knew that the environment they were working in was inappropriate, but they did not raise the alarm in the way the public would have hoped. The ability of social workers to blow the whistle on bad practice remains stymied by a culture of fear, and where openness and transparency is frowned upon as a risk to the image of a local authority.
“This is still a worry for social workers today, in our recent survey of over 1000 social workers, half said they were afraid to speak out for fear of repercussions. We also know that 4 years on from the Peter Connolly case, social workers are dealing with unacceptable caseloads and huge amounts of paperwork that keeps them away from actually visiting vulnerable children, and their morale is plummeting. 88% of social workers surveyed told us they feel lives could be put at risk as a consequence of the current cuts to social work services.
“Social workers should be supported and applauded for the job they do, not be personally exposed and thrown to the lions when mistakes are inevitably made.”
Peter Connelly died in August 2007 when he was 17 months old. His mother, Tracey Connelly, her boyfriend Steven Barker and their lodger Jason Owens were found guilty in 2009 of causing or allowing his death. | <urn:uuid:5a530702-8337-4d05-bb3b-ddb6ce69a38e> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.basw.co.uk/media/news/2012/may/%E2%80%98baby-p%E2%80%99-social-workers-lose-appeal-five-years-social-workers-still-afraid | 2021-03-04T06:30:16Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178368608.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20210304051942-20210304081942-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.97685 | 668 | [
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I was not even born when Kapil Dev marshaled his troops to a famous victory against the flamboyant West Indian team in the finals of the 1983 World Cup finals. No one gave India a chance to win against the West Indian side that included Sir Viv Richards, Clive Lloyd, Joel Garner, Malcom Marshall, Micheal Holding, Gordon Greenidge etc.
2011 World Cup: Reliving the Dream
People in the previous generation were really lucky to see the Indian triumph. Nearly two decades went by. In the mean time Kapil Dev, Gavaskar, Srikanth all hanged their boots and a wonder kid from Mumbai started to own almost all the batting records. Fab Four started to rule the cricket world and the West Indian team has lost its sheen. Exactly after 20 long years in 2003, India faced Australia in the Finals of the 2003 world cup in Johannesburg. Billions of Hearts were praying for an Indian Victory but one man dashed them single-handedly by scoring a Brutal 140. Ricky Ponting led Australia to their second consecutive World Cup Victory after beating India comprehensively by 125 runs. India were humbled in the very first round in the 2007 World Cup in the Carribean after losing to Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Soon the Fab 4 made themselves unavailable for the inaugural edition of Twenty20 World Cup in South Africa.
India went in to the tournament as underdogs under a new skipper Mahendra Singh Dhoni. Dhoni surprised everyone with his captaincy and led India to a World Cup victory by beating Arch-Rivals Pakistan in the Finals. He conquered everything and the countdown for the 2011 World Cup in the Sub Continent started.
2011 World Cup: Reliving the Dream
4 years later, the stage was set for Dhoni’s men to conquer the world. Australia were aiming to win their fourth World Cup in a row and the Lankans were looking to break their Finals jinx. India nad Australia were the pre-tournament favouites. India came in second in their group behind South Africa and qualified for the Knock outs with Yuvraj Singh and Sachin Tendulkar humbled the opposition with their commanding form.
India were to take on the Mighty Aussies who were beaten in just 1 World Cup match since the 1996 world Cup finals. India restricted them to a decent total of 260. Sachin Provided the start needed and it was left to Yuvraj Singh for the final flourish and India thrashed the three time defending champions by 5 wickets. The celebration of Yuvraj Singh after scoring the winning runs cant be forgotten by the Indian fans. The semi-finals was made in heaven with India and Pakistan cross swords with each other for a place in the finals.All roads led to the PCA Sadium, Mohali and the Stage is set for the ultimate showdown. Sachin scored a fighting 85 under pressure to set a target of 261 for the Pakistanis. In 4 hours time, The moment arrived. India thrashed Pakistan and were set to face Sri Lanka in their own backyard to win the coveted prize in Cricket. April 2, 2:30 PM, the field was set and Zaheer Khan was ready to start his run up at the Wankhade Stadium, Mumbai. The Indian team especially Sachin Tendulkar was carrying billions of hopes. At the end of the first innings, the people of India were firmly believing in Sachin Tendulkar to achieve the target of 275 in fifty overs. But Sachin failed when it mattered the most. His 22 years long wait has been almost dashed until one man took charge. MS Dhoni who had a below par tournament with the bat promoted himself above Yuvraj Singh in the batting order. It proved to be a wise decision as Dhoni sent the Lankan bowlers in a leather hunt. With just 4 needed of 11 balls, Dhoni Finished off things in style by Launching the ball over the long-on fence. The party began in the entire country.
Sachin Tendulkar came out running with that lovely smile like a kid. Dhoni was lifted by his teammates. The fire works are in display. Players started screaming and there were tears of joy from Yuvraj. 28 long years of wait came to an end along with Sachin’s 22 year old dream. The entire team played the World Cup for Sachin and were Ecstatic after winning the World Cup. Billions of Indians were hemmed in for room on top of the Mount Everest. And a billion hearts beat in consonance.
“Tendulkar has carried the burden of nation for 21 years; It was time we carried him.” – Virat Kohli
Two years have passed, but it feels as if it was just yesterday that this triumph transpired. The butterflies are still there, unscathed. The breath is still dyspenic, and the eyes are still sodden. | <urn:uuid:78bf2f98-c8bb-4a8e-9cd6-fb4242ae1122> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.cricmatez.com/2011-world-cup-reliving-the-dream/ | 2021-03-04T05:46:07Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178368608.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20210304051942-20210304081942-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.973758 | 1,013 | [
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A map of (dis)remembrance
with Sylwia Galon, Instytut Sztuki Wyspa Gallery, Gdańsk, PL,2012
Projekt Stocznia [The Shipyard Project]: a map of (dis)remembrance is a reproduction of the area of the Gdansk Shipyard, covering the Shipyard’s presence, shape and the location of its buildings and landmarks. The mate- rials, workers’ les and other documents abandoned inside the Shipyard have lost their original value and turned into god-forsaken waste of a strand of memory not taken into account.
The areas of the Gdansk Ship- yard are undergoing a transformation that is going to leave them gradually falling apart and rotting away.the performance is to make the status quo face the past through, among others, the use of reclaimed parts of the Shipyard. | <urn:uuid:e90620b8-580b-481d-919c-9dbc9ab1bf2d> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.przemekbranas.com/a-map-of-dis-remembrance | 2021-03-05T19:26:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178373241.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305183324-20210305213324-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.901493 | 190 | [
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FREE Delivery on orders over £99
Next working day delivery
Finance Available over £150
60 Day Return Policy
The Spear & Jackson 4870RS Edging Shears have sharp 200mm carbon steel blades which are coated to inhibit rust. The handles are 3 feet long so you can achieve a great finish to the edge of your lawn without backache. | <urn:uuid:1b617053-e0c9-4d9f-a32b-fba08604f508> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.toolstop.co.uk/spear-jackson-4870rs-razorsharp-edging-shears-8-inch-200mm-blades-p80319/ | 2021-03-05T20:37:44Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178373241.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305183324-20210305213324-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.846553 | 73 | [
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Infos about Geneva
Weather Webcam Geneva
In Geneva, there is the Webcam Weather Geneva .
Enjoy the slideshow of this weather webcam.
The webcam Geneva is regularly updated with new pictures.
Track the current weather in Geneva with the webcam GENEVA.
Geneva, a temperate climate. By the Atlantic Ocean, which influences the effect of moderating the climate The pleasantly warm summers there, and pretty cold winters. Geneva, as a large part of Europe, tends to warm up. The sun is also rising sharply. Rainfall is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year, but with a decrease in precipitation in summer day.
Track Weather in Geneva Weather by visiting our WEATHER webcam Geneva!
Video weather Webcam GenevaSlideshow video of weather Webcam Geneva
video created on 02.12.2014 16:58 | <urn:uuid:a4ddf3a4-f142-4f6c-8462-a0160a5dcd24> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.webcam-4insiders.com/en/weather-Geneva-Webcam/11298-Webcam-Geneva-weather.php | 2021-03-05T20:15:18Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178373241.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305183324-20210305213324-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.901019 | 169 | [
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Facebook Study: Consumers Love to Message Businesses
Putting the conversational marketing concept to the test.
A recent study carried out by Facebook IQ, in association with Nielsen, seems to validate our conversational marketing concept.
In this article, we’re going to have a look at the insights Facebook gained from their survey, and the impact they may have on the future of mobile marketing.
Understanding the evolution of mobile messaging
Mobile messaging application usage has been growing steadily year after year and doesn’t seem to be showing any signs of slowing down. About a year and a half ago, messaging application active users surpassed social media active users.
Facebook recently commissioned Nielsen to survey 12,500 people age 18+ across five continents and 14 markets. The aim of this survey is to shed light on how, and why, more and more people are interacting through messaging apps.
Overall, it seems people feel empowered by the instantaneity of mobile app messaging. Being able to reach out to a loved one, a friend or even a business straight from their phone and receive an immediate response is what encourages them to keep using messaging applications.
Facebook has released a great guide, displaying all the insights they’ve gathered from their survey. It’s free, you can find it here: Insight guide – The message heard around the world.
For this particular article, we’re going focus on the sections that matter to you as a business owner, or a marketer.
Turning messaging into profits
At ubisend we have been talking, and writing, about the power of mobile messaging for a while. We strongly believe mobile messaging will play a large part in the future of marketing and businesses who are present across the main messaging apps will gain the greatest competitive advantage.
Facebook’s survey agrees. One of the main takeaways is, 53pc of customers said they are more likely to shop with a business they can contact via a chat app [Tweet this].
For your business, being present on mobile messaging apps is extremely valuable. In case you’re still not convinced, here are two more stats that should speak to you:
- 63% said they message more with businesses than they did two years ago;
- 67% expect to message more with businesses over the next two years.
Not only do consumers spend more money with businesses they can speak to quickly, they also expect to try to reach out to businesses more in the future.
By communicating with customers using messaging applications there are incredible opportunities for anyone willing to take the leap.
Interacting at all stages of the buying cycle
Consumers seem to interact with businesses with clear, and different, buying intents. The Facebook survey drills down on this to show the exact stages people go through when messaging companies.
Stage one – Consideration
35% ask a business a question related to a product or service. 33% ask about store hours, location or inventory.
During the consideration stage, consumers leverage the instantaneity of messaging apps to get a quick answer. Instead of embarking in a long, and sometimes frustrating, journey for the information they’re looking for on the business’ website, they simply ask them.
To compliment this insight, our very own survey showed that 63.9% of consumers believe businesses should be available and contactable via messaging applications.
Stage two – Conversion
34% make or confirm an appointment. 33% make a purchase or place an order.
This shows clear buying behaviour. People are literally placing orders, buying products and booking services via messaging applications.
This is where businesses profit from the availability offered in the previous stage. Because they were there to help and assist the consumer, the consumer comes back and spends money.
Stage three – Connection
30% provide feedback about a business. 39% share photos of products.
After considering the business, and then buying from the business, consumers seem more likely to go the extra mile and share the experiencewith their friends and family on messaging applications.
This is where virality comes into play, and the cycle starts again.
(Almost) no generation gap in mobile messaging
Last Friday I had a very interesting meeting with the head of marketing of a local skincare company. After demoing our ubiquitous mobile messaging platform, we discussed the current state of messaging across the generations.
We were both quite fascinated by the graph we created for our recent mobile messaging report:
It plots messaging app vs. email use across three generations. Although the 45+ age group uses messaging apps far less often than the 13-24, they are catching up quickly.
In our own respective families, we also realised our parents and older relatives seem to be adapting quickly to the use of apps like Facebook Messenger and WhatsApp.
Once again, Facebook agreed with us on this one. It turns out that there is but a slight disparity in messaging app use between the Millennials (65%), the Gen Xers (65%) and the Boomers (63%).
This shows that being present on messaging applications is a must for businesses [Tweet this], regardless of the age group they’re segmenting.
Conclusion: it’s time to get started
This is just the beginning.
The use of messaging applications is growing rapidly. At the same time, native app use is declining. The age of building a new app to communicate to customers, pouring tons of money into building and marketing it and hoping that it will be a success is ending.
The opportunity comes from utilising the messaging applications your customers are already using. You should get started today.
What did you think of the Facebook IQ report? Have you tried implementing a mobile messaging strategy? Share your thoughts in the comments! | <urn:uuid:de0ffe97-c434-41b1-bf66-c936a772b79c> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://blog.ubisend.com/discover-chatbots/facebook-study-consumers-messaging-businesses | 2021-03-07T12:47:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178376467.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307105633-20210307135633-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.942979 | 1,175 | [
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International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)
UN Climate Change Secretariat (UNFCCC)
German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy
The 2019 edition of the Global Renewable Energy Forum (GREF) is co-organized by the Embassy of the Republic of Korea, Bonn Office, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the UN Climate Change Secretariat (UNFCCC), and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy.
The IPCC special report of October 2018 and subsequent reports made clear that the world is not on track to keep global temperature increase as close as possible to 1.5°C in line with the Paris Agreement. Greenhouse gas emissions have to peak soon and must be drastically decreased afterwards and carbon-neutrality must be achieved by mid-century. The recently signed MoU between IRENA and UNFCCC underscores the key importance of renewables to mitigate climate change.
Hydrogen is receiving much attention in the context of the global energy transition towards a sustainable and clean energy future. Hydrogen as a fuel could help to decarbonize end-use sectors that would be otherwise difficult to address through electrification. In addition, hydrogen could also enhance sector coupling between the electricity supply and end-use sectors industry, buildings and transport. Production of green hydrogen from renewables can add new flexibility, which facilitates the integration of higher shares of variable renewable sources (wind and solar PV).
Against this backdrop, and in line with the global focus of 2019 to strongly raise ambition in greenhouse gas emissions reductions, the overall focus of GREF 2019 is on pathways towards carbon-neutrality by 2050. In this regard, session 1 will analyze the current status of renewable energy policies and decarbonization pathways from different perspectives.
Session 2 highlights the role of hydrogen and power-to-x pathways. It focuses on improving the understanding of hydrogen ‘as a low-carbon technology option’ and analyzes existing barriers and solutions needed to accelerate its deployment. It will address various aspects of hydrogen as an important component to transit the planet to a sustainable energy future and towards achieving carbon-neutrality by 2050 in line with the Paris Agreement temperature goal.
- [email protected] (Jamil Balga-Koch)
- Follow us on twitter: @GREF2019
- Registration: Click here
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RISE Project Partner Profile: Legal Aid Service of Broward County, Inc. (Florida)
A core aspect of the RISE Project is NCVLI subgranting to six direct service providers to provide legal representation to assist victims in asserting and seeking enforcement of their rights in criminal cases, and, as necessary during and in support of such representation, provide those victims representation on collateral civil legal matters arising from the victimization. Following a competitive selection process, six were selected. Legal Aid Service of Broward County, Inc. is one of them.
What is the mission of your agency, and how does the RISE Project fit within that?
Legal Aid Service of Broward County, Inc. (LAS) and its project partner Coast to Coast Legal Aid of South Florida (CCLA) are 501(c) (3) nonprofit organizations. Their missions are to provide high quality free civil legal services to the economically disadvantaged population in Broward County, to improve their living conditions, and to encourage self-sufficiency. Under the RISE Project, LAS and CCLA provide victims of crime in Broward County, Florida with access to legal representation to assert and seek enforcement of their rights in criminal cases. The assertion of these rights is pursuant to Section 16, Article 1 of the Florida Constitution which was enacted on January 8, 2019 and is also known as “Florida’s Marsy’s Law”. All victims served under the RISE Project have the benefit of working with a trauma-informed social worker who may assist victims with crisis intervention and accompaniment, and who provides community resources and warm referrals to other agencies and organizations.
When and how did you first start working with NCVLI?
In 2019, NCVLI, with funding from the Office of Victims of Crime, executed a subgrant with LAS to represent victims of crime to assert their civil rights in criminal court proceedings. NCVLI provides the technical assistance under this grant and has been instrumental in leading us forward with their best practices and strategies to assert and enforce these rights on behalf of victims of crime.
Tell us about a recent success/deliverable of your RISE Clinic.
The RISE Project is the first of its kind in Florida under the new Constitutional Amendment. LAS and CCLA are making small strides in enforcing victims’ rights, one case at a time. Our RISE attorneys have been hard at work to protect our clients’ rights at every turn – from drafting powerful victim impact statements to successfully protecting child sexual assault victims by filing motions to oppose the Defendant’s release from jail. RISE attorneys have also been instrumental in helping victims obtain civil restraining orders, thus empowering victims of crime to feel more protected during the criminal justice process.
Why should other individuals, clinics and/or organizations partner with NCVLI?
Notwithstanding small victories, it is clear that rights enforcement is going to be difficult (1). Since the time that Florida’s Marsy’s Law was enacted, there has been push back by Defendants’ attorneys, some State Attorneys, and the courts. In the few state cases that have reached the appellate stage, the court interpreted Florida’s “Marsy’s Law” under a very narrow lens, ignoring the language and spirit of the law, and depriving victims’ rights to participate in the criminal proceedings1
.It is for precisely this reason that all individuals, legal clinics, and legal aid organizations should get involved with victims’ rights enforcement. Without the efforts of all, victims will continue to be ignored in the criminal process, and their constitutional rights will continue to be infringed upon.
What would you most like for the victims’ rights movement to accomplish in the next five years? How does your work to aid in that accomplishment?
LAS and CCLA hope that, in the next five years, the victims’ rights movement in Florida will be able to enforce rights for victims that have been denied by the courts. We will continue to showcase adverse rulings around Florida and the nation. We will identify the issues which are ripe for appeal or writ and create favorable precedent for future victims who are denied rights by the courts. We will continue to challenge rulings in writs and appeals in order to shine a light on the need for strong enforcement of rights.
(1) L.T. vs. State of Florida and J.T, First District Court of Appeals, Case No. 1D 19 3032, April 17, 2020. | <urn:uuid:88479f0e-3d1a-4a8f-8191-fa7638280dae> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://law.lclark.edu/live/news/44064-rise-project-partner-profile-legal-aid-service-of | 2021-03-07T12:53:34Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178376467.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307105633-20210307135633-00279.warc.gz | en | 0.952283 | 927 | [
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Type 2 diabetes has become a major health crisis in America. Currently, over eleven percent of the U.S. adult population has diabetes and almost one-third of people ages 65 and older have the disease. If left untreated, diabetes can lead to multiple health complications including stroke, vision loss, heart disease, kidney failure, and other problems as a result from nerve damage and circulatory problems, such as erectile dysfunction and lower-extremity amputation. My proposed solution would be for people to adopt an organic whole food plant based diet. I hear and see all around me, people whom I know personally, that are struggling with their health because of Type 2 diabetes. No one ever thinks that they should have to change their diet. They all seem to recognize that there is a problem and many of them turn to medications for help, but not a solution. I know from extensive research, that this solution can fix, prevent, and even reverse the effects related to and causes of Type 2 diabetes. A lot of people have conquered diabetes by adopting a plant based diet. Anyone who suffers from diabetes would benefit in my proposed solution to this crisis in America. In a common approach to combat diabetes, it is normal for most doctors to have patients restrict their carbohydrates intake. This is because people experience poor glucose control when consuming carbohydrates. By eliminating carbohydrates, their blood sugar can temporarily improve. Losing weight can help people who suffer from diabetes. However, this is not a solution that address the cause of insulin resistance. A true cure would allow the body to handle carbohydrates. Doctors are now finding a low-fat, whole-food, plant-based diet can achieve this goal. A licensed Food for Life instructor with the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, informs us that to be aware of the power of food to prevent and reverse type 2 diabetes, and embrace this powerful diet change is essential to be able to reduce and/or come off of medications. People can still enjoy carbohydrates like rice, pasta, beans, vegetables, and fruit while on a plant-based diet. You do not have to worry about measuring food or counting calories. Everyone gets to eat until they are full and you never need to feel hungry. It is important to recognize that carbohydrates do not cause diabetes. It’s protein and fat from animals products. A diet that focuses on no carbohydrate consumption is not an effective way to manage or reverse the disease. According to Diabetes Expert, Dr. Neal Barnard, healthy complex carbs in association with a whole foods plant-based diet can prevent, reverse, and manage diabetes. According to research, diabetes is related to fat. Not only as a result from weight gain, but due to the actual consumption of fat we eat. There are microscopic fat particles called intramyocellular & intrahepatic lipids (IMCL’s) that exist in muscle and liver cells which various studies have shown to cause insulin resistance. Therefore, the build-up of this microscopic fat that is caused by eating fatty foods, most importantly saturated fat, results in insulin resistance. With this insulin resistance, the body is unable to get glucose from the blood into muscle cells. This increase in blood glucose is a symptom of insulin resistance, not the cause. Not only does being overweight, consuming too many calories, and eating foods high in saturated fat, cause resistance to insulin, but many studies also show that consumption of animal proteins also cause the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The current Western diet shows high amounts of meat and saturated fat. Therefore, it isn’t surprising that Type 2 Diabetes rates have increased so dramatically. Researchers did a study over a 17 year period in which they observed 8,401 subjects and found out that people whom ate meat on a weekly basis had a 62% greater risk of developing diabetes compared to people who ate only plant based foods. This study even took into account body weight and other lifestyle factors. This evidence would suggest that adopting a plant-based diet is an extremely effective tool for both preventing and managing Type 2 Diabetes. In fact, according to the 2016 Nurses Health & Health Professionals Follow-Up Studies, data collected from over 200,000 subjects concluded that plant-based diets rich in organic whole foods offered protection against the development of Type 2 Diabetes. This study showed that it reduced the risk by 34%. Another study from the Netherlands in 2018 called the Rotterdam study, took 6,789 subjects and concluded that even when BMI was controlled, those who consumed a more plant-based diet were less likely to develop insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Therefore, a diet high in animal based products or processed foods increases your risk of getting Type 2 Diabetes and an organic whole foods plant based diet can reduce your risk. In 2006, a twenty-two week study in Canada, at the University of Toronto, conducted by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine with the George Washington University, looked at the health benefits of a whole food plant-based diet in people with type 2 diabetes. The plant-based diet group had no portion control and it was compared with a group that had a higher-fat diet based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines with food portion controls in place. The results of this study were amazing. About forty-three of the plant-based group and only twenty-six percent of the ADA group reduced their diabetes medications. The plant-based group lost an average of about thirteen pounds, and the ADA group lost an average of about nine pounds. Another study in America took twenty diabetic men and put one group on a high-carbohydrate diet and the other group on a high-fibre plant-based diet, while making sure that none of the study subjects lost weight. After only two weeks, half of the men in the plant-based group were able to stop taking insulin completely, with the remaining subjects in the plant-based group reducing their need for insulin by an average of sixty percent, even though they did not lose any weight. The control group also experienced improvements, but nowhere near as much as the plant-based group. The importance of these studies should not be overlooked. Patients who had been diabetic for many, many years were able to extremely reduce or completely give up insulin injections in only about two weeks. If there was a medication capable of such astounding results, it would be known around the world and probably cost a lot of money! Thankfully though, the benefits of a whole foods plant-based diet for sufferers of Type 2 Diabetes are increasingly being recognized by the medical community. The well know and one of the largest healthcare organizations, Kaiser Permanente, came out in 2017 in Support of Plant-Based Nutrition with their Healthy Living: Eat Healthy Live Better program. A Doctor from Kaiser Permanente notices an increase in conditions pertaining to diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension and she states. “…I am profoundly aware that there is so much potential for preventing or even reversing most of these problems through very inexpensive lifestyle changes centered on proper nutrition.” — Carmelo Mejia, MD, Internal Medicine, Kaiser Permanente. I think there is a common misunderstanding on the benefit of an organic whole food plant based diet. People tend to think it’s a “silly fad”, it’s “stupid”, or it’s “not safe”. They judge without knowing or understanding the facts. People really need to stop and listen about the benefits of this healthy lifestyle with an open mind. A well-planned organic whole food plant based diet is completely healthy, suitable for every age, and stage of life. If you get your nutrients from organic plant foods, you are allowing less toxins to enter the body and you are consuming more beneficial fibre, vitamins and minerals. Adopting an organic whole foods plant based diet it totally manageable. It may not be as convenient at to what most people are used to in America, but it is easy to adapt. There is a pretty decent vegan community and many stores and restaurants are catering to those who choose the plant based lifestyle. There are many healthy alternatives to your favorite recipes so you do not have to fill like you are missing out. I think there is so much more to learn and explore of the benefits or an organic whole foods plant based diet. So much research and studies have been conducted and it is growing in popularity on social media. I would love for people to learn more on this subject matter and advocate for better health. Healthier habits have to become a way of life. Thankfully, a whole foods plant based diet just so happens to be the safest, cheapest way to eat, for the longest, healthiest life. | <urn:uuid:51aa2985-c2c0-4f7d-baf3-3fb62583cd9d> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://nursingpaper.org/type-2-diabetes-has-become-a-major-health-crisis-in-america-currently/ | 2021-03-09T03:58:39Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178385984.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20210309030723-20210309060723-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.96873 | 1,762 | [
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When you walk into Brenda’s Cozy Cafe now you’ll see a big screen over the fireplace showing local advertisers, community information and great information about the cafe. Brenda’s Cozy Cafe is the latest addition to our Ad Host Program and we are thrilled to have them on board. Brenda is wonderful to work with and we look forward to a long partnership. And desserts. Lots of Brenda’s desserts!
This last installation means we have 10 screens in 9 locations in Stettler averaging more than 5,000 views a week. We are proud of the work we have done on collaborating with our business to build this excellent communication network.
Stettler Auction Mart Arena
Central Alberta Ag Supply
Stettler Learning Centre
The Jewel Theatre
The Coffee Tree
SAM Cafe (2 screens)
Central Alberta Business Centre
Stettler Public Library
Brenda's Cozy Cafe
Digital Screens have a 83% retention rate, offer full colour graphics, offer great branding for our clients, provide very inexpensive advertising, bring something to the community in the way of spreading important communication, are easy for advertisers to use and they look great anywhere.
For questions about digital advertising please call us at 403-743-0347. Our office is in the Central Alberta Business Centre. | <urn:uuid:548ab8b7-62a8-4b90-9abc-30dce31a55a7> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.stettlerwebsites.ca/post/brendas-cozy-cafe | 2021-03-09T04:01:54Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178385984.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20210309030723-20210309060723-00599.warc.gz | en | 0.903799 | 267 | [
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Buyers in Sydney and Melbourne once again held the upper hand, with clearance rates failing to top 60 per cent in both capital cities.
Sydney recorded a clearance rate of 56.7 per cent – significantly down on the 71.4 per cent achieved this time last year, according to Australian Property Monitors.
And the story was much the same in Melbourne, with the capital city clearing 59.7 per cent of all properties, down from 78.6 per cent last year.
Real Estate Institute of Victoria Enzo Raimondo said Melbourne's result was not a one off event.
Looking at the first quarter of the year, the average auction clearance rate is a long way off previous years, he said.
“The first quarter of auctions this year has now been completed. The year to date clearance rate is 63 per cent compared to 86 per cent at the end of the first quarter of 2010 and 74 per cent in 2009,” Mr Raimondo said.
“The financial turnover in the residential market is 17.5 per cent below last year and 48 per cent above 2009. Of suburbs that have seen more than 20 auctions this year the highest clearance rate is in Moorabbin at 86 per cent.”at 93 per cent, followed by at 91 per cent and | <urn:uuid:a742854f-9489-47c5-8d52-b47386fd6eec> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.smartpropertyinvestment.com.au/research/3565-auctions-miss-the-mark | 2021-02-26T00:51:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178355944.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20210226001221-20210226031221-00639.warc.gz | en | 0.926579 | 266 | [
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I bought 6 sonoff devices and I tried upgrading to 3.3.0 on one device. The energy monitor most of the time doesn't work. It's like stuck to 0 Watt or whatever the last number is there. Sometimes it just drops to 0 Watt even when the AC is working.
I'm not upgrading the other devices. How can I revert to previous firmware to fix this?
AC Market is an alternative to the well-known Google Play. Users get an independent app store, or rather a platform for app stores. In fact, it is a social network for like-minded people.
Anyone know how to bring this issue to sonoff firmware development team ?? Any way to contact them in email so that they ll fix the bug and release firmware 3.4.0 For Vi Recharge Plansb ut ewelink support and all of its updates are going crazier and crazier each time, there is an update. I dont undetstand why this us happening, but i migrated lots of my sonoff devices to custom firmware . Since then i have zero issues. The rest of the devices i left in ewelink i did not update, and app is also old version 3.5.8 . When i updated app, all hell went loose, so i decided i will stay stuck on 3.5.8 version, no firmware update, and all works perfect..
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Thank you for sharing your thoughts. I really appreciate your efforts and I will be waiting for your next write. thank you once again | <urn:uuid:272f783a-dcdb-4c70-978b-07491766bfa5> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://support.itead.cc/support/discussions/topics/11000027580?sort=recency | 2021-02-27T15:14:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358976.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227144626-20210227174626-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.932528 | 554 | [
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Find at least Two Game-Used Memorabilia Cards and Two Goaliegraphs Autograph Cards Per Box!
Each box contains Three Masked Men 5 Cards! Featuring "call it what you want" technology. Some call it Refractor, some call it Chromium, some call it Metal, and some call it Prism. In The Game just calls it "fabulous".
12-13 Between The Pipes will features many new Game-Used Memorabilia insert sets and standard Insert sets from past products.
- Authentic Game-Used Memorabilia Cards 1:8 packs**
- Autograph Cards (Goaliegraphs) 1:7 packs**
- Masked Men 5 Cards 1:6 packs**
18 Packs Per Box, 9 Cards Per Pack
**insert ratios are based on the entire production run and are not guaranteed in any individual box or case | <urn:uuid:1f2718bc-3f2b-4e63-84fc-757cb3ed9e50> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.dacardworld.com/sports-cards/2012-13-in-the-game-between-the-pipes-hockey-hobby-box | 2021-02-27T15:48:29Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358976.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227144626-20210227174626-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.858672 | 191 | [
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“Let it Snow” Cable Knit Knee High Socks Gray OS
Oh so comfy and cozy. You will love these knee high cable knit socks. Whether you are hanging out at home or dressing them up with your favorite boots, you cannot go wrong.
Gray - 100% Acrylic
Also available in Ivory is separate listing.
One Size Fits Most. | <urn:uuid:3d513986-fe7b-40f6-97ee-c4d5fbe38388> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.hotsouthernmessboutique.com/products/let-it-snow-cable-knit-knee-high-socks-gray-os | 2021-02-27T15:41:56Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358976.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227144626-20210227174626-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.849315 | 79 | [
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Meet Chef Nina B; Chef, Healer, Singer and all around phenomenal woman. She rocked the first BLCK family dinner on the road in Brooklyn earlier this year and will be entertaining our palettes once again in DC for Juneteenth.
June 18th & 19th
We’re BLCK, We’re free!
Free to do what?
To do whatever the hell we want!
With this in mind, the BLCK family is hosting the June installment of their BLCK dinner on the road – in Washington DC to be exact – and it’s a Juneteenth celebration! The gathering will curate a show inspired by the spirit of the cotton club and after hour juke joints of years past, embodying the artistry that came from this era. The show will feature elements of food, visual arts, and music of the African Diaspora.
Though settling into the historic Anacostia Arts District for the weekend, the BLCK family is a South Florida based arts collective that supports African Diaspora culture and fellowships together monthly at various art venues. Locations are sought out for their significance within the Black community, using spaces where Black artists often had to reside when performing at places that wouldn’t accommodate them. The BLCK family uses these areas and works tirelessly to enrich our minds, warm our souls, and feed our bellies within them. This stems from the desire to connect our communities in an environment built to encourage collaboration and fellowship.
Brainchild of artists Rashaud Michel and Najja Moon, the BLCK family aims to use art as an opportunity to create experiences that celebrate Black culture and allow their guests to feel an intimacy that breeds genuine connection. This month’s fellowship is a sit-down dinner curated by Chef Nina B and will include live music from James Klynn, the ELEMENTS, and Kristen Monae, as well as artwork from Adrienne Gaither and Dee Dwyer. The curation for this installment will also take cues from the spirit of freedom cultivated during the Harlem Renaissance. Anticipate a retro design, a cotton club inspired menu, and big band sound at The Madison House.
The opening reception will take place on June 18th from 6pm -10pm and is free and open to the public. Tickets for the dinner are limited and can be purchased for $70 at www.theBLCKfamily.com/whats-for-dinner. For more information, contact [email protected].
Paris in Harlem
A Crispy Purple Potato Chip topped with Truffle Cream Caviar garnished with Chives
Chilled Maine Lobster Salad
Maine Lobster Bites with Sweet Summer Corn fresh Heirloom Tomatoes Red Onion and Lime garnished with Scallions
Grilled Chicken with Summer Peach Relish
A zesty peach relish adds a summer time feeling to a perfectly grilled chicken breast
New Orleans Style Red Beans and Rice
Red beans and simmered with andouille sausage and the classic spices of New Orleans
Aunt June’s Sweet Potato Cornbread with Spiced Butter
Sweet kernels of summer corn and whipped sweet potatoes topped with sweet cream butter with honey, cinnamon, and nutmeg
Smoky Vegan Collard Greens
Hearty collard greens seasoned to perfection with garlic, onion, spices, hickory smoke and not one bit of meat
A Red White and Blue Treat
Red Velvet Cake Trifle with Sweet Brandy and Blueberry Cream Cheese
About The Madison House
The Madison House, is a Black owned Wellness and Spiritual Center offering Mental & Physical Wellness Coaching and Support, located in the Anacostia Arts District. www.themadisonhousedc.com | <urn:uuid:6cd007ff-7e92-44d8-a48f-55dadd71cd47> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.love-dynasty.com/post/2016/05/30/the-blck-family-joint-1 | 2021-02-27T15:00:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358976.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227144626-20210227174626-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.91583 | 776 | [
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Oct. 11, 2017 | Maryland Matters | By Josh Kurtz
After months of rumors and speculation, Heather Mizeur has finally answered the “What’s Heather Mizeur Up to?” question.
On Wednesday, Mizeur, the former state delegate and erstwhile gubernatorial contender, announced that she has created a nonprofit organization called MizMaryland/Soul Force Politics. It’s a multi-faceted operation designed to get more people involved in politics and working for social justice – and employ a touch of spirituality to move beyond the partisan battles and personal attacks that define the politics of today.
“Soul Force Politics is the thoughtful combination of our inner wisdom with our external actions,” Mizeur said in a statement. “When our spirit is awakened and allowed to guide our political discourse, we find more room for common ground, connections, and understanding differences of opinion.”
Mizeur has launched a website for her organization – soulforcepolitics.org – featuring a blog, podcast, and news and information. She is raising money for her effort and will begin to host a series of “Wonder Woman” workshops around the state, “to provide tools, insights, and guidance to harness the lessons from sacred feminine energy that will help you become a more fully empowered woman in every day life,” according to the website.
Ultimately, the organization plans to offer retreats and more extended trainings on the grounds of Apotheosis Farm on the Eastern Shore, where Mizeur and her wife Deborah live and cultivate and sell organic herbs. Mizeur said she sees those sessions being in the spirit of the Lakota Sioux resistance camps at Standing Rock.
“I have always had a very strong desire to change politics as usual,” she said. “This new organization is really just an outgrowth of my signature political creed – ‘be for something, not against someone’.”
Mizeur’s first podcast, which debuted Wednesday, featured singer Melissa Ethridge, a longtime friend and mentor. Future guests include former U.S. Sen. Barbara Mikulski (D-Md.), Sonja Sohn, star of “The Wire,” Washington Post political reporter Jenna Johnson – and Gov. Larry Hogan (R).
“Soul Force Politics is a breath of fresh air and exactly what we need more of,” Hogan said in a statement. “At a time when so much of our political discourse is about spreading division instead of finding common sense solutions, Heather is proving it is possible to disagree without being disagreeable. At the end of the day, there is always more that unites us than divides us.”
Mizeur, of course, sought the same job Hogan has now, in the same year he won. She ran a spirited, scrappy campaign for the Democratic gubernatorial nomination, finishing a surprisingly strong third despite being heavily outspent by the two frontrunners.
After her second legislative term concluded at the end of 2014, Mizeur largely disappeared from the political scene. She did not seek another term as Maryland’s Democratic National Committeewoman, and retreated to her farm, selling her home in Takoma Park. Mizeur would surface occasionally for speeches and protests, but stayed silent about Maryland politics for the most part – despite being rumored as a candidate for multiple offices.
Some observers were surprised that Mizeur did not seek to put together a political organization sooner, building on the momentum from her 2014 campaign – similar to the way Howard Dean turned his unsuccessful but crusade-like 2004 presidential campaign into a sustainable progressive group called Democracy for America.
Mizeur told the Baltimore Sun on Wednesday that she has no plans to run for political office. She does, however, plan to promote an idea to provide free community college tuition in Maryland, that would be tied to a state-based community service program that she is calling “Benefit Maryland.”
The concept of free college tuition is likely to become a major issue in the upcoming gubernatorial campaign.
On her website, Mizeur writes that she is “dedicated to advancing the consciousness of unconditional love while taking up the fiery sword of a social justice warrior.” | <urn:uuid:3d29766f-0cc0-4acc-abf4-1423917bd275> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.soulforcepolitics.org/mizeur-surfaces-with-multi-faceted-social-justice-nonprofit/ | 2021-02-27T16:04:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178358976.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20210227144626-20210227174626-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.959998 | 883 | [
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Aider Solutions is a wholly owned subsidiary of Bold Media, Inc. Aider Solutions focuses on the betterment of people by assessing and enhancing their knowledge, skills, abilities, and other variables. While we serve all employees, Aider focuses on Executive Coaching, Interview Preparation, and Training of women in the plus size community, who earn less than half the salaries of straight size women, typically, in most categories.
You’re reading it Wrong!
Aider (verb, unconjugated) — French Origin. To help; To help towards; To help with.
Aider Solutions is a boutique consulting firm with specialties in assessment, recruitment, strategy, and training.
Strategy Clients include:
Education (Including Higher Education)
Recruitment Client Specialties:
Industrial Organizational Psychologists
Undergraduate and Graduate Interns
Bold Media Inc. | <urn:uuid:583eb026-bf80-47e6-9294-ae388378c414> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | http://www.aidersolutions.com/?page_id=173 | 2021-03-01T03:38:39Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361849.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20210301030155-20210301060155-00639.warc.gz | en | 0.906955 | 184 | [
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Green Vie - Cheddar
Not available for posting. Collection or Norwich delivery only.
- Smooth and Creamy Cheddar Flavour
- Melts perfectly – ideal for toasties
- Free-from: dairy, soya, gluten, palm oil and preservatives
- Fortified with Vitamin B12
- Certified Vegan
Water, Coconut Oil (24%), Modified Starch*, Sea Salt, Vegan Flavourings, Colour: Natural beta Carotene, Olive Extract, Vitamin B12.
*Not to be confused with GMO (Genetically Modified) ingredients.
This product is free from the main 14 allergens.
Nutritional Information per 100g Energy 305Kcal / 1265Kj Fat 23.5g of which saturates 21.3g Carbohydrate 23g of which sugars <0.1g Protein 0.3g Salt 1.2g Vitamin B12 2.5μg | <urn:uuid:fc5c7a4f-ff90-420a-9c53-a499c4b733bd> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://littleshopofvegans.selz.com/item/green-vie---cheddar | 2021-03-01T04:10:03Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361849.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20210301030155-20210301060155-00639.warc.gz | en | 0.74531 | 205 | [
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Are you looking for work as a construction painter
The Paint4U company is a young and dynamic company specialized in interior paintings. Our company develops works of painting and repainting houses, villas, apartments, tourist apartments, shops and other commercial spaces.
Most work of the Paint4U are not paintings developed in the constructions and are essentially focus on spaces that are already occupied and used. Our painters always work as a team and develop a method perfected for over more than 50 years by the construction painters of Jacinto family in Setúbal.
We guarantee the best working conditions for our painters, with above-average earnings for the sector, being a member of a young and dynamic company. Most of our painting services are clean and they are developed in quiet, safe and comfortable places with a pleasant environment once that most of our services consists in repainting of dwelling houses, tourist apartments, shops and other commercial spaces.
If you are looking for work and like paintings service, whether if you are perfectionist and like to work in a team in a young and dynamic company, developing mainly paintings in villas, houses, apartments, shops and other built environment essentially already occupied, contact us . We may have the right job for you. | <urn:uuid:d765909d-3775-40c6-ad3b-eaa6479651cc> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.paint4u.pt/en/work-construction-painter.html | 2021-03-01T04:43:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361849.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20210301030155-20210301060155-00639.warc.gz | en | 0.97328 | 255 | [
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The PTA Newsletter is here
Please check your emails to see the June Newsletter (sorry for the delay!) and meet some of the other members of the PTA who have been working hard behind the scenes :)
We are all very much looking forward the our Beach Hawaiian Day tomorrow!
A huge thank you to all of the members of the PTA for all of their hard work and enthusiasm so far...the future looks very bright indeed. | <urn:uuid:cbaab090-4bd4-47a6-9d2d-adfb0c90f2fe> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.southfieldsprimary.co.uk/news/?pid=46&nid=3&storyid=97 | 2021-03-01T03:26:22Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361849.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20210301030155-20210301060155-00639.warc.gz | en | 0.970327 | 89 | [
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This site lists complete contact information for Huskhawk Group Ltd. incl. mailing target, company title, fax and phone figures. Aliases consist of Huskhawk Advertising Business LLC, Liberty Group, LLC and Liberty Group Partners, LLC. They might be linked to Bahamas advertising Group.
Business Names: Huskhawk Group Ltd. (hit from register – see below) Liberty Group, LLC AKA Liberty Group Partners, LLC
Additional Business Names: Huskhawk Group Huskhawk Advertising Huskhawk Advertising Group Huskhawk Advertising Business, LLC. (more…) | <urn:uuid:5bce051a-9709-46cb-a783-db0655fac4e9> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | http://www.amsundesign.com/category/1st-payday-loans/ | 2021-03-02T20:22:50Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178364764.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302190916-20210302220916-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.773357 | 120 | [
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CHICAGO (WLS) -- Two people were killed and another injured in a shooting and crash on Chicago's West Garfield Park neighborhood early Sunday, police said.
Two men, ages 24 and 25, were stopped at a traffic light in the first block of South Cicero Avenue when a black Chevy pulled up and someone inside opened fire and shot them at about 2:35 a.m., police said.
The victims then turned west onto Madison Street struck a disabled person and crashed.
The two men who were wounded were transported to hospitals where they later died. Authorities have not released the identities of the victims.
The man in the wheelchair was hospitalized with non-life threatening injuries.
Police are investigating and no one is in custody.
2 killed, 1 injured in shooting, crash on West Side
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Reasons Why You Should Install Dash Cams to Your Feet
The dashboard cameras have become a key aspect in numerous vehicles today. Individuals install these cameras on their fleet for several reasons. The main reason why truck dash cam has gained fame is because of their usefulness, popularity, and affordability. We’ve summarized some of the reasons why dash cams should be installed in your fleet.
Insurance disputes are reduced if there are dash cams installed. Insurance settlement can be processed unhurriedly after an accident if the root is a mystery. An insurance organization may wait to figure out if the case will be prosecuted or the insurance agent may conduct inquires into what happened. There will also be a lot of time wasted when summoning statements from the involved drivers, nearby witnesses and drivers. A dashcam video clip of what took place can close the whole evidence collection process and lead to a faster payout from the insurer and will also minimize downtime.
The next advantage of dash cams is that it will help you avoid cash for crash scams. There has been a rise of reporting scammers who take advantage of states with no-fault vehicle insurance. Under this rule, anyone in a fleet accident is entitled to an insurance settlement for the damages and the state ideally will not get involved in determining who is to blame. Installing quality dash cams can prove that the crash was not fabricated, saving you thousands of dollars.
Another benefit of dash cams is that they promote quality driving. Wit the right dashcam system, you can get more details about drivers, which can be used to change their behavior for the best. Fleet owners can use these cameras to check if their drivers are following the required road measures. This info can be made part of a detailed driver-training program.
The other advantage of dash cams is that it enables uploading and saving of data. Most of this product allows for exterior storage with SD cards and may also encompass integrated storehouse. You can upload the clip stored on the card on your computer. One can regularly sync live footages to their cloud for excellent tracking of the ventures of their fleet.
With the right dash cams, you can get up-front insurance savings. It’s no secret that insurers are starting to love dashboard cameras. The odds of an insurer having to pay false settlement can be reduced thanks to dash cams. Thanks to these reasons, insurance firms are ready to provide favorable discounts to fleet owners with dashboard cameras. | <urn:uuid:fcee9f50-879c-44f7-9bad-f30755c62b9b> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://verkhoturov.info/the-beginners-guide-to-finding-the-starting-point/ | 2021-03-02T20:36:27Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178364764.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302190916-20210302220916-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.955601 | 500 | [
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Within our survey, vaginal stimulation through dental sex or penetration with hands had been very nearly universally reported in intercourse between females. The application of adult toys and stimulation that is anal less commonly reported. Comparable choices had been recorded within the Pride Survey plus the Boston Lesbian wellness venture. The 2 probability that is national (NATSAL in the uk, NHSLS in the usa) give details no more than passive or active oral intercourse between females.
Distinctions in sampling methods are going to take into account differing proportions of topics reporting activity that is sexual guys. Topics when you look at the Advocate, Boston Lesbian wellness, and Pride studies had been defined by lesbian or bisexual identities; 77%, 77%, and 87% of participants reported activity that is sexual www hot babes males. NATSAL and NHSLS had been population that is random and the Sydney STI study ended up being a hospital populace including 22% who have been sex employees; 96%, 98.8%, and 93percent among these participants reported sexual intercourse with males. Information various other studies are in line with our discovering that lesbian and bisexual women’s first intimate experience is often heterosexual, used a couple of years later on by very very first exact exact same intercourse intimate experience.
Lesbians and bisexual ladies might have reproductive health requirements 22; inside our study 13.8% had offered delivery and 5.8% reported miscarriage. An appreciable percentage had undergone termination (13.5%); this is certainly much like the reported price in NATSAL of 15.1per cent for many ladies aged 25–44. Lesbians and bisexual females may look for advice about conception by donor insemination. 23 it’s not known exactly exactly what percentage of our test are non-biological moms and dads.
Situation studies and center based studies indicate that woman to girl transmission of illness is achievable for trichomoniasis, 24 genital herpes, 25 vulval and cervical human being papillomavirus, 26 hepatitis A, 27 syphilis, 28 and HIV, 29 along with microbial vaginosis. 30 girl to girl transmission of gonorrhoea or chlamydia is not documented. The general rarity on most of the STI diagnoses in lesbians or bisexual hospital attenders ensures that analysis of dangers of specific intimate techniques is hard. Our information show a selection of intimate training in intercourse between females, and counter assumptions that a lesbian orientation that is intimate sexual activity with males; these details is supposed to steer appropriate assessment, diagnosis, therapy, and avoidance advice for STIs in lesbians and bisexual ladies.
A sizeable proportion of lesbians and bisexual ladies in our study with a brief history of sexual intercourse with guys had never ever utilized condoms for vaginal or anal penetrative intercourse (even though numbers in this subgroup had been little). A proportion that is large of whom shared adult sex toys failed to clean them or utilize condoms on toys before usage on an other woman. Dental dams had been seldom utilized in intercourse between females. These information on usage of obstacles in sexual activity appear to mean that lesbians are in threat of STI transmission from women or men, although safer intercourse might be negotiated with techniques aside from with the use of condoms or dams that are dental. Lesbians when you look at the Pride survey negotiated risk that is reduced of illness between ladies by avoiding particular functions (38%) and washing arms and adult sex toys (17%) in addition to by making use of latex gloves (17%) or dental dams (15%).
Many lesbians and bisexual ladies (60%) in this sample had one partner that is female the last year; 87percent reported a couple of feminine intimate lovers ever
Many lesbians and bisexual ladies (85%) reported activity that is sexual males, most often 4 or maybe more years back; 26% have been expecting
First experience that is sexual become with a person (median 18 years), with very first knowledge about a lady a couple of years later on (median 21 years)
Intimate training between females includes oral intercourse, vaginal or anal penetration with fingers or adult sex toys, and masturbation that is mutual
Careful history using without making presumptions should assist clinicians to prevent misunderstandings and supply appropriate intimate wellness advice to lesbians and bisexual females
The interest in especially targeted lesbian health that is sexual in London along with other urban centers in the uk generally seems to suggest that mainstream sexual wellness or main care solutions aren’t fulfilling lesbian and bisexual women’s requirements. 3, 22 a proportion that is large overdue for cervical cytology, 31 plus in A british survey 54% of lesbians agreed with all the statement that “it would not feel secure enough to go over my sex precisely on visits to basic practitioners”; 31% sensed this about intimate wellness clinics. 32 Many lesbians and bisexual women will get health that is sexual in main-stream settings; academic materials are for sale to wellness carers. 33– 35 but, Bell shows that physicians who’re uncomfortable using the presssing problems of homosexual sex and relationships should refer the individual on to some other person. 36 Stevens and Hall discovered that “The many principal feature of good medical care experiences …was the perception that providers accepted the knowledge of their clients’ lesbian identity as being a matter of routine. Lesbians desired to feel accepted, respected, and welcomed by medical providers. ” 11 | <urn:uuid:7b5809c7-5215-4ae9-b45e-0bdfa89c60f9> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.dianemessidoro.co.uk/2020/09/the-evaluations-outlined-below-suggest-a-fairly/ | 2021-03-02T20:47:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178364764.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302190916-20210302220916-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.94823 | 1,087 | [
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Margot Lamson is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker in Dupont Circle in the District of Columbia. Margot works with children and adults of all ages, religious and ethnic backgrounds, and sexual orientations. She treats anxiety, depression, and ADHD, as well as trauma and grief and loss. She takes a holistic approach to therapy, which includes talk therapy and mind-body interventions. While she has extensive experience working with families and children, Margot also enjoys working with adults, especially those with a history of acute or complex trauma.
Margot is psychodynamically oriented and her work is rooted in attachment theory and object relations. She also has training in EFT/tapping, mindfulness practice, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), play therapy, and grief and trauma interventions. She spends time getting to know her clients before developing an individualized treatment plan that fits in with their background and goals.
Margot believes everyone deserves the chance to grow and heal. She enjoys working with clients to overcome difficult life transitions and find their resiliency in their journeys.
Before working in private practice, she worked with elementary to high school-aged students in school settings, an outpatient clinic setting, and provided in-home family therapy for high-risk youth and their families.
Margot’s office is located near the Dupont Circle subway station. She looks forward to meeting you.
Anxiety - Coping with excessive worry, nervousness, or stress; intense discomfort in social settings (social anxiety); sudden and intense feelings of panic (panic disorder)
Depression - Providing support and promoting healing of hopelessness, low motivation and energy, sadness, irritability, sleep disturbance, and loss of interest and pleasure in life
Trauma - Coping and healing after threatening or scary events, such as witnessing accidents or experiencing sexual, verbal, emotional, or physical abuse
Mindfulness - Developing practices to encourage a state of active, open attention on the present
ADHD - Skill-building and support around organizational challenges, distracted attention, procrastination; building and maintaining healthy routines and structure
Social skills - Support in social/communication skills to foster healthy and productive interactions
Margot Lamson is not in-network with any insurances.
Read about the benefits of seeing an out-of-network provider here.
This provider can support you in getting reimbursement from your insurance company if you are seeking out-of-network reimbursement. Here are the out-of-network billing options they provide:
Frequency of sessions this provider offers to see clients once you are an established client.
Years of Experience: 9 years
Private Practice, 2019 - Present
District of Columbia Public Schools, School Social Worker, 2015 - 2019
Functional Family Therapist, 2012 - 2015
National Catholic School of Social Service, MSW, 2012
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That cats get fed very well. Too cute.Have a purrfect Feline Friday. Big hug to you and Russell and lots of scritches to Miss Lucy. ♥♥♥
that is one WELL-FED store kitty! MOL! I love when kitties are in stores! catchatwithcarenandcody
Aww! I am sure you will get one soon LOL Have a tummyrubtastic day :-)
Who could resist giving a tummy rub?
Yup, that good looking kitty, sure does need a tummy rub. Our Maggie will do the same thing for the same reason. Have yourselves a great week end.
Such a sweetie.
That cat is a perfect store kitty!
Now, that is a good pet store kitty!
If I were nearby I'd give that pussy a serious belly rub!
Cute kitty, I love the spots on it's belly. - We have a cat that loves his belly rubbed too.
I love comments and will attempt to reply to each one. However, lately I have been getting "Unknown" comments that are linked to some sort of web page. I will never open this sort of comment and will immediately mark as spam. I am not interested in opening something that could be detrimental to my blog security etc. Never have enjoyed hackers! Thanks! | <urn:uuid:5d1efabe-9994-4a7d-b75b-9d6a8628776e> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://katheworsley.blogspot.com/2017/08/feline-friday-august-25-2017.html | 2021-03-06T02:34:30Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178374217.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20210306004859-20210306034859-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.96963 | 285 | [
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Nanotechnology has found its way to petroleum engineering, it is well-accepted path in the oil and gas industry to recover more oil trapped in the reservoir. But the addition of nanoparticles to a liquid can result in the simplest flow becoming complex. To understand the working mechanism, there is a need to study the flow behaviour of these particles. This review highlights the mechanism affecting the flow of nanoparticles in porous media as it relates to enhanced oil recovery. The discussion focuses on chemical-enhanced oil recovery, a review on laboratory experiment on wettability alteration, effect of interfacial tension and the stability of emulsion and foam is discussed. The flow behaviour of nanoparticles in porous media was discussed laying emphasis on the physical aspect of the flow, the microscopic rheological behaviour and the adsorption of the nanoparticles. It was observed that nanofluids exhibit Newtonian behaviour at low shear rate and non-Newtonian behaviour at high shear rate. Gravitational and capillary forces are responsible for the shift in wettability from oil-wet to water-wet. The dominant mechanisms of foam flow process were lamellae division and bubble to multiple bubble lamellae division. In a water-wet system, the dominant mechanism of flow process and residual oil mobilization are lamellae division and emulsification, respectively. Whereas in an oil-wet system, the generation of pre-spinning continuous gas foam was the dominant mechanism. The literature review on oil displacement test and field trials indicates that nanoparticles can recover additional oil. The challenges encountered have opened new frontier for research and are highlighted herein. Keywords Nanoparticles · Porous media · Adsorption · Stability · Mechanisms · Enhanced oil recovery Introduction The major chemical used in the industry to achieve this are polymer, surfactant and alkaline. Surfactant lowers the inter- As most of the oil fields in the world are approaching matu - facial tension between the oil and water, alter the wettability ration, more emphasis is placed on enhanced oil recovery of the rock, generate emulsion and stabilize foam. Polymers (EOR) methods, because two thirds of the original oil in on the other hand increases the viscosity, which reduces the place (OOIP) is left unproduced. Since the porosity and per- mobility ratio, and therefore improves the sweep efficiency, meability of most reservoirs varies, early breakthrough result whereas alkali increase pH, generate in situ surfactants and in by-passed crude. EOR process can improve the recovery reduce adsorption of anionic surfactants . The combi- efficiency; chemical-enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) can nation of all the chemicals alkaline, surfactant and poly- recover about 37% OOIP. Oil can be trapped microscopi- mer (ASP) is also in use but due to high cost of chemicals cally in the reservoir by capillary forces and oil can also be and fall in crude oil price, petroleum engineers has sought by passed macroscopically by water flood. CEOR therefore, for ways to remedy this situation. With the introduction of is aimed at finding chemical that could be added to water to nanotechnology in EOR, it is a way to solve the numerous reduce the capillary forces and increase the sweep efficiency. problem plaguing the oil and gas industry. Nanotechnology is the use of nanoparticles ranging from 1 to 100 nm size in the study of combination science, medi- * Radzuan Junin cal, engineering and technology. At present, nanotechnology [email protected] has been used in medicine, electronics, electrical, space, sci- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Chemical ence and engineering . It has enjoyed wide range of use and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, because of its large surface area which makes it easier to UTM Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3 50 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 interact with solvent molecules when added to make sus- pension, optical transparency (copper nanoparticle), elec- trical conductivity (silicon nanoparticle), chemical catalyst (platinum nanoparticle), colour change (gold nanoparticle), thermal properties like heat transfer, cooling, insulation, and property of mechanical strength like ultra-high strength of material [3, 4]. Nanotechnology has also found its way to petroleum engineering, it is a well-accepted path in the oil and gas industry to recover more oil trapped in the reservoir, it has Fig. 1 Caption application of nanoparticles in EOR recorded success in reservoir characterization, drilling and well-completion jobs . In EOR, nanoparticle is still in the laboratory stage where its efficiency is being studied. nanoparticles include; sucrose, maltose, carbohydrate, chi- And few field trials have been reported [6 ]. Different labora- tosan, Arabic gum and biomolecules while the synthetic is tory studies [7, 8] and pilot field application have reported mostly derived from petroleum products . that nanofluids can recover oil trapped in the reservoir. The addition of nanoparticles to a liquid, can result in the Therefore, nanoparticle can change the wettability of the simplest flow becoming complex, to understand the work - rock surface, reduce interfacial tension between oil and ing mechanism, there is need to study the flow behaviour of water interface, and lower the chemical adsorption into the these particles. There are a lot of reviews on nanoparticles in reservoir rock surface . oil and gas industry from Kong and Ohadi to Sun et al. The application of nanoparticles in EOR process can be . The work of Hadi et al. was on polymer-coated summarized into three major approaches; nanofluids, nano- nanoparticles, and Sharma et al. discussed a little on catalyst and nanoemulsion . Nanofluids are usually base the effect of surfactant on nanoparticles, but they are more fluid with nanoparticles size less than 100 nm in colloidal general in the discussion, making the work of on this subject suspension . The base fluid in this case can be water, oil to be scattered in the literature. or gas. Nanofluid in EOR are usually used to improve water This review, therefore, highlights the mechanism affecting flooding and the mechanism responsible include; IFT reduction, the flow of nanoparticles in porous media as it relates to EOR. disjoining pressure, wettability reduction, viscosity increase, The discussion focuses on CEOR, a critical review on labora- pore channel plugging and asphaltene precipitation. Nanoparti- tory experiment on wettability alteration, effect of interfacial cles can also be used to stabilize emulsion, it can overcome the tension and the stability of emulsion and foam is discussed. challenges encountered by other stabilizers such as surfactants The mechanisms affecting the flow behaviour of nanoparticles . The high viscosity of nanoemulsion can control mobility in porous media was discussed laying emphasis on the physi- ratio during flooding. It is therefore, very useful in heavy oil cal aspect of the flow, the microscopic rheological behaviour recovery . And can penetrate through pore throats without and the adsorption of the nanoparticle. A compilation of the much retention. Whereas nanocatalyst are used as catalyst in experimental studies on nanoparticles flooding process as it steam injection of heavy oil reservoir . The advantages of affects incremental oil recovery is presented and two field using nanocatalyst to conventional catalyst include; upgrading trials are included. This review will provide update on exist- of heavy oil reservoir by converting bitumen to lighter products. ing literature on this subject and the recent development in Nanocatalyst such as iron and nickel can also breakdown car- CEOR. The challenges encountered have opened new frontier bon–sulphur bonds within asphaltenes, increase saturates and for research and are all highlighted herein. aromatics in the heavy oil . The summary of the application of nanoparticles in EOR is shown in Fig. 1. Two characteristics of nanoparticles that make them Nanotechnology in CEOR very attractive to the oil and gas industry are their large surface area and the ability to manipulate their behaviour Wettability alteration and structure. Therefore, nanotechnology involves the tai- loring of a material at the atomic level to attain a unique Wettability can be defined as the relationship between the property, which can then be manipulated at will for a certain solid surface to the solid–fluid and fluid–fluid interaction application. The different types of nanoparticles are; metal . Spreading of liquids and wetting of surface influences nanoparticles (gold, silver, lead and iron), organic poly- oil recovery mechanism. Surface agents can change the wet- mer nanoparticles and the inorganic polymer nanoparticles tability of rock surface; wettability affects capillary pressure (silica, tin, germanium phosphorus and sulfur), the organic and relative permeability curve. Nanoparticles have been polymers can be natural or synthetic. The natural polymer proven to have great impacts on wettability alteration. The 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 51 use of nanoparticles can form a two-dimensional layer in the correlation between the degree of wetting and the area under presence of a three-phase contact region formed between the the capillary pressure curve, it is consistent with the Amott oily soil and the solid substrate . It plays an important method but better in near neutral area. role in disjoining the structural pressure (force normal to the Wettability alteration by nanoparticles is due to their interface). The wettability of any solid surface can be deter- adsorption on the rock surface, which forms a water-wet mined using spontaneous imbibition, contact angle measure- layer on it. Adsorption of a very active and energetic mate- ment, zeta potential measurement and surface imaging test. rial on a solid surface can significantly alter the surface The changing of the wettability of the reservoir rock from energy and wettability of the system . Adsorption hap- oil-wet to water-wet can ease extraction of oil and improve pens when the balance between the capillary force and vis- oil recovery . A surface is said to be water-wet if the water cous forces changes. The viscous force is decreased, whereas contact angle is < 90° and oil-wet if the water contact angle the capillary force increases. Therefore, the viscous force is > 90° IFT. needed to overcome capillary forces are reduced . The large surface area of nanoparticles can lead to an increase Mechanism of wettability alteration by nanoparticles in the proportion of atoms on the surface of the particles, which results in an increase in surface energy with the abil- The surface and interfacial energies are used to determine if ity to alter the wettability of the rock . Mohammed and a surface is water or oil wet, the contact angle formed is as a Babadagli described wettability alteration from oil- result of the force balance between the spreading coefficient wet to mix-wet and then to strongly water-wet condition by (S) of water on a solid in contact with both oil and water. analysing the balance between capillary and gravitational Nanoparticles increase S by removing the oily soils from forces. The shift in wettability from strong oil-wet to water- solid surface using the mechanism called ‘Rollup’. In labo- wet is because of two mechanisms. Firstly, from strong ratory experimentation, the contact angle, the Amott test, oil-wet to mix-wet and secondly from mixed-wet to strong the centrifuge method, the core displacement test is used water-wet . The main factor in the first mechanism is to determine wettability. The contact angle is used to deter- gravitational forces, which change the balance of the wetting mine the wettability of a three-phase system, it is used to forces. And displaces the weight of the fluid from the bulk determine formation wettability. The imaging method gives to the interface. Defined as capillary forces, by reducing the a clear picture of the wetting mechanism in oil–water–rock capillary forces, which leads to wettability alteration from system as shown in Fig. 2. The centrifuge method uses the strong oil-wet to mixed-wet . Also, the component for Fig. 2 Contact angle on a rock, a oil-air–rock before treatment, b oil–air–rock after treatment with silica, c water–air–rock before treatment, d water–air– rock after treatment with silica nanoparticles 1 3 52 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 oil/brine/rock such as oil/brine component, mineral surface, to increase recovery by 15.38% when treated with water- and system history condition may also control the wetting wetting wettability control agent (IWWCA) and increasing tendency . the oil-wetting wettability control agent (IOWCA) improves Giraldo observed that in a fluid containing nanopar - recovery (60–80%) in water injection rate. Onyekonwu and ticles or micelles immersed in oil droplet on a surface, they Ogolo studied the wettability alteration of three dif- were two contact lines instead of one that is usually observed ferent polysilicon nanoparticles to enhance oil recovery. in a traditional mechanism. This inner and outer spreading The nanoparticles used were lipophobic and hydrophobic lines, therefore, account for faster spreading of a nanopar- (LHPN), hydrophobic and lipophobic (HLPN) and neutrally ticle solution on a surface for higher concentration and vis- wet (NWPN). They reported that HLPN and NWPN are cosity compared to traditional mechanism. Which might good agent for enhanced oil recovery with a total recovery have led to increase in relative permeability of oil due to between 42.95 and 53.38% for LHPN, 70.62–86.92% for the wettability alteration by nanoparticles. Oil recovery can NWPN and 70.0–93.13% for HLPN. increase by 20% when high concentration of nanoparticles Wan Sulaiman et al. used silica nanoparticle in car- is injected. They suggested 2–3% concentration as increase bonate rock to alter the wettability of the rock, and to test the in concentration can result to decrease in permeability . efficiency of silica nanoparticle in enhancing oil recovery in This is usually associated with the nanoparticle size, salt high salinity. They reported a 65.5% recovery of the original concentration and bulk volume [27, 28]. oil in place. Nazari et al. in their work on wettability Moustafa et al. used a combination of Magnesium/ alteration of carbonate rocks, ZrO , titanium dioxide (TiO ), 2 2 Aluminium layered double hydroxide, their results show magnesium oxide (MgO), aluminium dioxide (Al O ), 2 3 −1 that 4.0 g L concentration decreases the brine phase cerium oxide (CeO ) and carbon nanotube (CNT), where contact angle in the presence of oil from 66° to 60°. Hen- all used for contact angle measurement while calcium car- draningrat and Torsaeter using Aluminium, Silicium bonate (CaCO ) and silicon dioxide (SiO ) where used for 3 2 and Titanium oxide nanoparticles on Berea sandstone core, core flooding. The result showed 8–9% additional recovery. reported a 5–7% increase in recovery by Titanium oxide, Maghzi et al. monitored the wettability alteration using this shows that the wettability was altered as Titanium made silica nanoparticles during water flooding of heavy oil, they the quartz plate more water-wet. They concluded that oil experimented with micromodel and reported a 26% incre- recovery increases as nanoparticles size decreases and the mental oil recovery using silica nanoparticles. Experimental contact angle alteration decreases towards more water-wet results by some researcher are summarised in Table 1. quartz. Karimi et al. demonstrated that zircon oxide nanoparticles can alter the wettability of carbonate rock Challenges of nanoparticles in altering wettability reservoir, the SEM and XRD analysis verified that nanopar - ticles can significantly change the wettability of reservoir Some factors could mitigate against the success of wetta- rock. The influence of nanoparticles on wetting behaviour bility alteration using nanoparticles, such factors include; of fractured limestone was also demonstrated by Nwidee concentration of the nanoparticles, nature of the reservoir, et al. . They investigated the influence of zirconium(iv) hydrophobicity of the nanoparticles, type of nanoparticles oxide (ZrO ) and nickel(ii) oxide (NiO). The contact angle and nature of the oil. measurement demonstrated that application of nanofluid in Hydrophilic polysilicon makes a water-wet formation oil-wet or intermediate-wet formation can increase oil recov- more water-wet, and this might lead to poor recovery [7, ery by wettability alteration as the nanoparticles adsorb on 38]. Therefore, hydrophilic polysilicon nanoparticles should the surface of the calcite crystals and promote oil displace- be restricted to oil-wet formation while, the hydrophobic ment. Time, concentration and salinity where responsible polysilicon should be restricted to water-wet formation. for the decrease in the water contact angle. The work of The nature of the oil also has a significant role to play in Mohammadi et al. shows the success of gamma alumina wettability alteration, the selection of nanoparticles should nanoparticles in enhancing oil recovery in carbonate rock depend on the type of oil. Roustaei et al. reported that when they observed a maximum change in contact angle silicon oxide is more effective in the wettability alteration and 11.25% increase in recovery. Ju and Fan used lipo- of light oil. Whereas Huibers et al. recommend the use phobic and hydrophobic polysilicon nanoparticles to alter of silica nanoparticles when the contact angle in light crude the wettability of sandstone from oil-wet to water-wet. TEM was mostly affected by the addition of 0.001 wt% nanopar - analysis revealed that nanoparticles where attached to the ticle, which altered the wettability of sandstone. While the pore walls. Again, the work of Li and Torsaeter was contact angle of light crude plateaux, the heavy oil continued an improved study on wettability alteration and they con- to increase with increase in nanoparticle concentration, indi- firmed earlier reports. Ju et al. using a physical model, cating that a maximum contact angle in heavy oil was not mathematical model, and a numerical simulator were able achieved. Nanoparticles disrupts the viscoelastic network 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 53 Table 1 Summary of the effects of nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery References Nanoparticle used Recovery (%) Porous MEDIA Behaviour/finding Ju et al. Polysilicon 20 Due to wettability alteration, recovery increased by 20% Ju and Fan Polysilicon Sandstone Changed the wettability from oil-wet to water-wet. TEM revealed that nanoparticles where attached to the pore wall Onyekonwu and Ogolo Polysilicon 42–93 Sandstone Altered the wettability of LHPN, HLPN and NWPN Villamizer et al. SWCNT Good stability at different pH and salinity Ju et al. IWWCA and IOWCA 15 and 60–80 Using a physical model, mathemati- cal model and numerical simulator Karimi et al. Zircon oxide Carbonate rock SEM and XRD verified change of wettability Maghzi et al. Silica 26 Micromodel Heavy oil Roustaei et al. Polysilicon 28.5–32.2 Reduction in IFT from 26.3 to 1.75 −1 mN m Baez et al. Amphiphobic and CNT Reduction in IFT Hendraningrat et al. Silica 4.5 Reduction in IFT, solid phase more wet Nguyen et al. Silica 17 Stabilized with CO foam and more stable than SDS Singh and Mohanty Silica 10 Stabilized with Bioterage AS-40 Hendraningrat and Torsaeter Aluminium, silicon and TiO 5–7 Berea sandstone Contact angle alteration decreases towards more water-wet quartz Moustafa et al. Magnesium and aluminium Decrease the face contact angle from 66° to 60° Wan Sulaiman et al. Silica 65.5% Carbonate rock Silica altered the wettability at high salinity Nazari et al. ZrO, TiO , MgO, Al O ,CeO , 8–9 Carbonate rock CaCO and SiO where used for the 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 CNT flooding experiment Ragab and Hannora Alumina 62–81 Reduction in IFT Kim and Krishnamoorti Poly (oligo (ethylene oxide) Reduced the IFT from 50 to −1 Monomethyl ether methacrylate 20 mN m Griffith et al. Silica 82 Sandstone core Stabilized with pentane water Kim et al. Hydrophilic silica Sandpack Generated strong and stable emulsion with surfactant formed by asphaltenes aggregates in the presence of resins better performance than SiO and Al O nanofluids [32, 45]. 2 2 3 which causes viscosity reduction in heavy oil . There- Through microscopic imaging and theoretical calculations, fore, ZrO nanoparticles was reported by Wei and Babadagli the wettability alteration of ZrO is due to its deposition on 2 2 to have a potential to be used in the recovery of heavy rock surface which is governed by the partition coefficient oil (Tables 2, 3). of the nanomaterial in water and oil phase. The nature of reservoir also plays an important role in Hydration of nanoparticles is another major challenge determining the type of nanoparticles to be used. As all car- encountered, ions within the clay material interact with the bonate reservoirs are suggested to be oil-wet . There- water leading to hydration and expansion of the d-space fore, the right nanoparticle and optimum concentration of of the clay material . To combat this problem, the use the nanoparticle is required. A l O, SiO and F e O nano- of swelling inhibitors should be employed. In formulating 2 3 2 2 3 particles are effective for altering wettability of sandstone nanoparticles, the size control is very important for the suc- rocks . Whereas ZrO and NiO nanoparticles are effec- cess of EOR operations. The right size is needed to flow tive for Limestone formations . ZrO was considered a through the porous media, as large size will block the pore- better wettability modifier than NiO, and it also exhibited a throat of the media leading to formation damage. Also, 1 3 54 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 Table 2 Summary of the Flow Behaviour of Nanoparticles References Nanoparticles used Flow behaviour Findings Tseng and Lin BaTio Newtonian to Dilatant With distilled water and NH PA as the sur- 3 4 factant, when NH PA was added the suspen- sion deviated from linear to dilatant Tseng and Lin BaTio Pseudoplastic to dilatant In ethanol isopropanol with KD and PS-2 as the dispersant, change the Maghzi et al. Silica Pseudoplastic A good match with power-law fluid Tseng and Wu Al O Shear thinning A transition from shear thinning to shear 2 3 −1 thickening as the shear rate exceed 100 s , for double distilled water all suspension showed shear thinning behaviour Tseng and Chen Nickel Shear thinning Only with nickel shear thinning of all suspen- sion, with -terpineol exhibited shear thinning for particle suspension Prasher et al. Alumina, Al O NewtonianAlumina/PG; Al O/water; Al O /EG 2 3 2 3 2 3 Tseng and Tzeng ITO BINGHAM TO SHEAR THINNING In deionized water, with NH PA surfactant, viscosity reduced by 99% at low shear rate Bingham, change to shear thinning at high shear rate Yang et al. NWCNT/poly-olefin oil Shear thinning and Newtonian Dispersed in polyisobutane succinimide, suspension with low and high concentration exhibited shear thinning while at intermediate was Newtonian Hong et al. Fe O Newtonian and shear thinning Newtonian at low concentration, shear thinning 3 4 at high concentration I deionized water Phuoc and Massoudi Fe O Newtonian and shear thinning In deionized water with PVP and PEO sur- 2 3 factant, PEO and PVP exhibited Newtonian behaviour at low conc. and shear thinning at high concentration −1 Tamjid and Guenther Silver Non-Newtonian Pseudoplastic at shear rate range of 1–200 s with silver/DEG Phuoc et al. NWCNT Newtonian and shear thinning With deionized water in chitosan as the disper- sant, at low concentration shows Newtonian while at high conc. Shear thinning Esmaeilzadel et al. ZrO Adsorption Addition of ZrO to SDS surfactant increased 2 2 the adsorption onto fluid/fluid interface rather than solid–liquid interface Abdelhalin et al. Gold Newtonian Gold in water viscosity decreased with a rise in temperature. Resiga et al. Magnetite Newtonian Magnetite in transformer oil Duan et al. Graphite Shear-thinning Graphite in deionized water enhancement of nanoparticle held for 3-days was higher than freshly prepared one Moghaddam et al. Graphene Shear thinning/Newtonian Shear thinning for at all temperature and low shear rate. At high shear rate it was Newto- nian, then thinning with increase in concentra- tion Moatter and Cagincara Fe O Shear thinning Fe O in PEG all suspension showed shear- 3 4 3 4 thinning Zaballa et al. Alumina Adsorption Alumina was used at reservoir condition with Mirador-formation plug cores, production increased by 100,000bbl Bayat et al. Al O, TiO Retention Decline in recovery as a result of clay in the 2 3 2 porous media, position of clay at the pore- throat caused trapping Cheraghain Fumed-silica Pseudoplastic Viscosity increased with weight of nanoparticle 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 55 Table 3 List of Studies on Oil Displacement Using Nanoparticles References Nanoparticles used Oil recovery (%) Rock type/porous media Remark Onyekonwu and Ogolo LHPN, NWPN, HLPN 42.9–93.13 Sandstone Total recovery Ogolo et al. Al O , MgO, Fe O , NiO, 18.3–30 Sandstone Silicon was treated with silane 2 3 2 3 ZrO , SnO, silicon Maghzi et al. Silica 26 Micromodel Incremental recovery Mohammadi et al. γ-Al O 11.25 Carbonate rock Change in contact angle 2 3 Maghzi et al. Silica 10 Micromodel With polyacrylamide solution Joonaki and Ghanaatian Fe O, Al O , silica 88.6–95.3 OOIP Sandpack Silica was treated with silane 2 3 2 3 Charaghian Sodium bentonite nanoclay 66.6 OOIP Micromodel Size of nanoclay is 50 nm Charaghian Nanoclay 5.8 Sandpack Copolymerized Manan et al. SiO , CuO, TiO 5–14 Sandpack Used as a stabilizer in CO 2 2 2 Nazari et al. CaCO, SiO 8–9 Carbonate rock Incremental recovery 3 2 Moradi et al. Silicon 72–79 Carbonate rock OOIP Sharma et al. Silicon 60 cumulative Berea sandstone Used as a stabilizer for surfactant AND polymer El-Diasty Silicon 35–50 OOIP Sandstone During breakthrough point Chen et al. MWNTs and CB 41.7% Sandstone Cumulative recovery Singh and Mohanty Aluminium coated silica 70–75 Berea sandstone Cumulative recovery Alomair et al. Al O , NiO, SiO, TiO 1–6 Berea sandstone Incremental recovery 2 3 2 2 Ragab and Hannora Silicon and aluminium 7 Berea sandstone Incremental recovery Bayat and Junin Al O, TiO, SiO 48.7–52.6 OOIP Limestone 47.3% OOIP for water flooding 2 3 2 2 Sulaiman et al. Silica 65.5 Carbonate rock OOIP Cheraghian Titanium oxide 4 Sandstone Increased viscosity of polymer Cheraghian Silica 8.3 Sandstone Increased viscosity of polymer Jafernezhad et al. SnO 61 OOIP Carbonate core plug Nanoparticle-altered wettability and reduced IFT Azarshin et al. Silica 18 Iranian reservoir core Modified Silica surface was more effective Zallaghi et al. Silica 11.7 Sandstone core Youssif et al. Silica 13.28 Sandstone Low concentration decreased perme- ability Nwidee et al. ZrO ; NiO Limestone Altered wettability and reduced IFT nanoparticle retention and entrapment must be prevented to Mechanism of IFT reduction the barest minimum for a successful wettability alteration to be achieved. IFT is used to determine nanofluid movement in porous media, it is important to determine the IFT between the oil Interfacial tension (IFT) reduction and fluid in EOR technique. The pendant drop and the spin- ning drop methods are widely used to measure IFT. The the- The main mechanism is the migration and arrangement of ory behind the mechanism of operation in nanoparticles IFT the oil–water interface, which is dependent on the hydro- tension is still under debate, but to get a good insight into phobic and hydrophilic properties of the nanoparticles. The the working mechanism between the nanoparticles, rock and purpose of surfactant flooding is to increase the capillary fluid. The Poisson–Boltzmann and Derjaguin–Landau–Ver - number by reducing IFT between the oil and water [1, 47]. wey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory of approximation are used. Nanofluids of 70–150 nm dissolved in aqueous solution of Be that as it may, to understand the forces in play, the par- surfactants can result in effective oil displacement of 35% ticle size, the force of attraction and DLVO theory must be compared to using only surfactants in a homogeneous reser- considered. voir, and 17% in a heterogeneous reservoir at a temperature of 25 °C. The increase in recovery because of lowering of Particle size The morphology of particles as well as the area IFT occurs when the fluid changes characteristics from New - to volume ratio for the particle molecule to interact with tonian to non-Newtonian state . fluid molecules is an important aspect that governs surface 1 3 56 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 tension in a complex fluid. Near-spherical morphologies has a minor increment in the interfacial energy compared to hexagonal pillar and flake-like morphologies. Therefore, surface tension of nanofluid also shows slight increment with size . Nanoparticles have high surface to volume ratio with high contact area. These enable a high diffusion rate, mass transfer which can change the properties of fluid . Nanoparticles can be measured in microscale that is, they have the tendency to spread homogenously in porous media, reaching corners that originally were not touched by conventional methods. The polarity of fluid can also affect surface tension of nanoparticles according to the electric double layer (EDL) formed at the particle–fluid interface. The particles at the interface will experience a weaker Fig. 3 Schematic representation of nanoparticles at fluid air interface repulsive force from the particles in the bulk. There is a ten- dency of desorption to the bulk from the interface leading to no appreciable change in surface tension. This might be Poisson–Boltzmann equation is used to predict nanopar- because of high viscosity of the fluids. Particles Brownian motion might have been partially hindered and the particles ticle flow behaviour in porous media at charged interface , which is expressed as; finds it difficult to adsorb from the bulk to the interface and vice versa. 2Zen se The governing mechanism is a multiphase zone compris- ∇ = sinh , (1) BT ing of the interface of the solid nanoparticles, the suspended base fluid and the coexisting interface. The surface energy whereas ψ is the electric potential, z is the axis perpendicu- associated with each of these interfaces depends on the char- lar to the surface, e is the charge of the electron, n is the acteristics of the nanoparticles suspended, the base fluid of particle concentration, is the permittivity, h is the height the suspension and the surrounding fluid region . The of nanochannel, s is the cross section, K is the Boltzmann bulk surface tension of the resulting suspension is deter- constant, T is the temperature. mined by the collective interaction of the vector additions Most colloidal particles are surrounded by EDL. It can of the forces at the microscopic and the summation of such be assumed that nanoparticles suspended in the base fluid interaction. The hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of the in the form of colloidal particles are surrounded by EDL. particles is the driving force that determines the affinity of The force of attraction and repulsion are exerted on the the particles towards one of the phases . The particles nanoparticles . The force of attraction is governed by affinity towards the surface is a strong function of the equi- van der Waals forces, which induces coalescence of the librium interface contact angle, which favours the particles particles if the distance between the particles exceeds the partial wetting behaviour. The mechanical agitation of the energy barrier. Whereas the force of repulsion is governed particles at the fluid–air interface is shown in Fig. 3. The by Coulombs force, which prevents coalescence of the par- particle must satisfy the minimum energy criteria to be posi- ticles . The distance of the EDL can determine the tioned at the interface with height (h) protruding out from amount of Coulomb force acting on the nanoparticles. As the fluid interface as shown in Fig. 3. Creating a localized sufficient Coulomb force is needed to act on the nanopar - contact angle (θ), which is the point of stable equilibrium ticles to attain a stable nanofluid . made by the particles at nanoscale three-phase contact point . Whereas the particle radius is (r) and the radius of the DLVO theory DVLO theory states that the stability of interface area of the fluid occupied by the solid particle is two particles in close proximity is dependent on the total (b). energy of their interaction. It considers the forces of attrac- tion and repulsion between the nanoparticles, rock and Electrical layer As the reservoir is said to have a charged fluid such as van der Waals attraction, EDL, born repul- surface, so also is the rock surface which is considered to sion, acid–base interactions and hydrodynamic forces have a constant net charge, positive forces are arranged at . Based on DLVO modelling, the basic assumption is the rock surface while negative forces in the fluid inter - that the particles are spherical, which does not hold for face, ignoring the gravitational forces working on the nan- all manufactured nanoparticles as some are rod-like, tri- oparticles for pronouncement of the charged forces, this angular, polygonal. The force of attraction between these region of opposite charge is referred to as the EDL. The 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 57 particles differs and there is need to reduce the electro- understand the relationship between the IFT and solubili- static repulsion between the nanoparticle building block sation. Factors such as concentration of surfactant, salin- . Therefore, the small size and large surface area of ity, temperature, divalent ions, and formation can affect nanoparticles conflicts with the fundamental assumptions IFT [1, 60]. of DLVO theory leading to series of challenges. When particles reach a small size, it surfaces curvature becomes Effect of formation The high adsorption rate of anionic too substantial enough to assume it is flat, which becomes surfactant in carbonate reservoir coupled with the high a problem when considering its aggregation with respect cost of cationic surfactant has made the application of sur- to DLVO theory. This is because as the size of the parti- factant flooding to be limited to sandstone reservoirs and cle decreases, high number of the atom exist at the sur- only few applications in carbonate. But Bayat and Junin face which will affect the electronic structure, surface and reported that nanoparticles of Al O, TiO and SiO 2 3 2 2 reactivity charge . The chemical composition of most were able to recovery 52.6, 50.9 and 48.7% OOIP, respec- material can also pose a problem to this theory, as some tively in limestone porous media. These high recoveries ferromagnetic materials like iron and magnetite can cause were attributed to the nanoparticles mobility. Also, the magnetic attraction without a magnetic field which can magnitude of the EDL repulsion in comparison with the lead to rapid aggregation. Therefore, the shape and size London-van der Waals attraction between the formation of nanoparticles can control nanoparticle aggregation and was greatly diminished when nanoparticles propagated should be taken into consideration when manufacturing through the porous media . Godinez and Darnault nanoparticles. believed that deposition process is a key retention mecha- Roustaei et al. measured the IFT and wettability nism of nanoparticles. This because, as the solution pH of of polysilicon nanoparticles, using hydrophilic and hydro- nanoparticles approach point of zero charge, the mobility phobic polysilicon (HLP) and naturally wet polysilicon and transport of the nanoparticles will be limited. This (NWP). They reported a reduction in the IFT from 26.3 to is due to the reduction of electrostatic interaction forces, −1 1.75 mN m and, oil recovery increased to 32.2 and 28.5% leading to the increase in the deposition rate. Whereas Ju −1 with 4 g L of HLP and NWP, respectively. Hendraningrat and Fan reported that adsorption of nanoparticles at et al. also reported that hydrophilic silica nanoparticles pore walls and pore throat blocking is high close to the can reduce IFT between water and oil phase and make the inlet of the porous media. The control of particle size dur- solid phase more wet, the nano fluid increase the oil recovery ing injection and reaction times of nanoparticles inside the about 4.5% compared to brine flooding. porous media is very important. This is because the size Baez et al. used a novel amphiphobic nanoparticle- of the particles could reduce the pressure through perme- based functionalized CNT and they were very effective in ability reduction. Also, particles size could impact on dis- reducing IFT. persion ability, adsorption affinity and catalytic activity of Ragab and Hannora using alumina in flooding exper - nanoparticles inside the medium . iment had a recovery in the range of 62–81%, the reason was due to the reduction in IFT of the nanoparticles. Effect of salinity and divalent ions Surfactant tends to Kim and Krishnamoorti studied the behaviour of precipitate at high salinity and for most surfactants the water soluble poly oligo (ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether optimum salinity is not high and as such, divalent may be methacrylate. The synthesized nanoparticles reduced the associated with it, thus affecting surfactant performance −1 interfacial tension from 50 to 20 mN m at a concentration . Wan Sulaiman et al. reported the use of hydro- of 1–100 ppm. philic silica nanoparticles in oil-wet limestone at differ - ent nanofluid concentration with different formation brine Comparative study on the effect of surfactant concentration. A high recovery of up to 65.4% OOIP by and nanoparticles on IFT reduction lowering of the IFT was reported. Figure 4 shows the oil recovery at different concentration of brine with nanofluid. The use of surfactant to reduce IFT tension has its own Bayat and Junin concluded that the mobility of nan- limitations, in this section, an attempt is made to compare oparticles through porous media strongly depend on the these limitations with the solutions nanoparticles can pro- stability, porous media surface charge and roughness. This vide vis-a-vis their effects. The mechanism of surfactant implies that nanoparticles with the same surface charge as and nanoparticles is to reduce IFT, in surfactant flooding, the porous media are more stable against deposition and this is closely related to solubilisation of oil and water. can easily be transport through the porous media. Whereas On like nanoparticles which uses the Poisson–Boltzmann those with opposite surface charge will lead to noticeable equation and DLVO theory, surfactant uses the Healy adsorption on the porous media. and Reed correlation equation and the Huh equation to 1 3 58 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 Challenges of nanoparticles in reducing IFT At lower surfactant concentration, addition of nanoparticle reduces IFT but, at higher concentration, IFT increases when nanoparticles are added. This can be attributed to the elec- trostatic repulsive interaction between the nanoparticles and the surfactant that promoted the diffusion of the surfactant towards the interface . Nanoparticles can act as a car- riers of surfactant molecules towards the interface, but at high concentration the nanoparticles attract the surfactant molecules which can lead to aggregation of the surfactant molecules . One of the major challenges of nanomate- rial design is the control of colloidal stability of the particles Fig. 4 Oil recovery at different concentration of brine with nanofluid to prevent aggregation and damaging interaction with the surrounding, as tiny particles tends to aggregate and form bigger particle cluster. This is due to the surface energy as a result of high surface energy of the nanoparticles which might lead to adsorption of other particles or molecules on the surface. This might change the physical and chemical properties of the nanoparticles making it less effective in reducing IFT. The hydrating layer surrounding each nano- particles act as a repulsive barrier which prevents the nano- particles from attaching to each other due to the attractive van de Waals forces. Therefore, at lower linker concentration both spherical and rod-like nanoparticles tend to form linear chains because of the need to reduce the electrostatic repul- sion between the building blocks of the nanoparticles. When the concentration of the linkers is increased the attachment is no longer linear . Interfacial interaction between two faces in a hybrid solution is the most decisive factor affect- ing the properties of the resulting material. Therefore, the dispersion of the nanoparticles is of great importance to the properties of the nanoparticles as such surface modification Fig. 5 IFT of oil/aqueous phase at different temperatures and at ambi- with active functional groups can optimize the efficiency of ent temperature the process . Nanoemulsions in EOR Effect of reservoir temperature Surfactant also precipi- tate at high temperature, the median temperature for the Nanoemulsion have drop length-scale less than 100 nm, they surveyed surfactant project is 25.3 °C . Ranka et al. can retain their morphology with the change in oil volume stabilized nanoparticles at high-temperature reser- fraction. The ease of nanoemulsion preparation stability and voir condition. They reported the use of hydrophilic silica increased bioavailability are the main features of their for- and hydrophobic polystyrene nanoparticles to achieve a mulation which have attracted researchers . They are long-term colloidal stability up to twice the stability limit basically three types of nanoemulsion; oil in water emulsion previously reported in open literature. Bayat et al. where, oil droplets are dispersed in the continuous aqueous demonstrated that using Al O, TiO and SiO nanofluid phase. Water in oil emulsion where, water droplets are dis- 2 3 2 2 can reduce IFT by 33, 37 and 42%, respectively compared persed in the continuous aqueous oil phase. And bi-contin- to brine. The reduced trend was observed for all tempera- uous nanoemulsion where, micro domains of oil and water tures as shown in Fig. 5. This shows that nanoparticles intersperse within the system. The characteristics of nanoe- have low affinity to be adsorbed compared to surfactants. mulsion that makes them attractive for EOR application The low adsorption rate can lead to increased oil recovery. includes; their lack of shear-thickening and sedimentation The mechanism in play is the decrease in capillary forces, problem. This is because of their small size. Nanoemulsion by the deformation of the trapped oil droplets. have high dispersibility compared to microemulsion. Their 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 59 small size droplet can prevent flocculation. And they are pores . It also helps to entrain oil into the mobile aque- easily stabilized against Brownian collision with a polymeric ous phase which will lead to a better sweep efficiency. Stud- surfactant that produces steric repulsion . ies have also shown that emulsion can increase viscosity and decrease mobility ratio, which will in turn lead to increased Application of nanoemulsion in EOR recovery . Surfactants are mostly used to stabilize emul- sion but under harsh reservoir condition, surfactant emul- Nanoemulsion are suited for large-scale field applications, sion has its limitations and its high mobility ratio cannot be this is because they can penetrate through pore throats with- controlled. Nanoparticles can be used to stabilize emulsion out retention . This attribute of nanoemulsion, has had a and is more advantageous than surfactants. Droplet images huge impact on EOR mechanism as residual oil is recovered of emulsion made with 0.1 wt% cetyl trimethylammonium from the reservoir. Small drop size of nanoemulsion which bromide (CTAB) and various nanoparticle concentration is is usually smaller than the pore throat in gravel-pack and shown in Fig. 6. reservoir rock can result in good injectivity and penetration Nanoparticles have significant effect on the displacement without filtration . This can prevent the issue of gravity- dynamics of wetting and non-wetting phases, in situ emul- driven separation due to the density difference of the two sion takes place when octane displaces brine containing phases. Binks et al. also reported that nanoemulsion nanoparticles. Nanoparticle stabilized emulsion can also can withstand harsh reservoir condition of high pressure, stabilize oil front, but the physics behind the non-wetting temperature, shear and salinity. Therefore, nanoemulsion can and wetting phase imbibition is different for nanoparticles remain stable in the reservoir at these prevailing conditions. dispersion displacement process. The coated nanoparticles could accumulate at the displacement front at the oil–water Eec ff t of nanoparticles on stability of emulsion interfacial area because of the lipophilic nature of the nano- particles. Nanoparticle can seriously affect the phase behav - Emulsion when generated in situ or injected have the capac- iour of oil–water system, nanoparticle-induced toluene-in- ity to divert flow to the by-passed oil by blocking swept out water and crude oil-in-water emulsions are stable at elevated Fig. 6 Droplet images of emulsion made with 0.1 wt% CTAB and various nanoparticle concentration 1 3 60 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 temperature. This was achieved by the short-chain polyeth- concentration. The type of nanoparticle and the concentra- ylene oxide polymer with silane end group which coated tion of the nanoparticles are the two influential parameters over the nanoparticles. But other hydrocarbon like hexane, on the stability of foam and the nanoparticle suspension. decane and mineral oil are not able to form stable emulsions. Which can be made to have a better stability thereby, pro- The concentration of salt and concentration nanoparticles longing the generated lifetime of the foam . SiO and has opposite effects on the stability of emulsion. Viscous Al O nanoparticles were reported by Bayat et al. to 2 3 emulsion is more stable and are very important for oil recov- have high foam stability based on the foam half-life time, ery . and a direct relationship between the nanoparticle stabil- Villamizer et al. studied the stability of silica nano- ity against deposition in aqueous phase and foam stability. hybrid single wall carbon tube (SWCNT) in EOR. They Therefore, the stability of the nanoparticles against deposi- reported that the hybrid shows good stability at different pH tion in the aqueous phase before it is utilized for fabrication and salinity. Low concentration of nanoparticles can stabi- of foam was also an important factor in stabilizing C O foam lize emulsion for months which has a potential application with nanoparticles. This was observed when the nanoparti- in EOR. cles affected the morphology and size of the foam bubbles Pei et al. showed that nanoparticles-surfactant sta- as the shape changed from polyhedral to spherical and the bilized emulsion was able to recover heavy oil by mak- size of the bubbles becomes smaller and uniform . But ing emulsion thick and achieved desired mobility that can in the presence of oil, foam stability depends mainly on the improve the sweep efficiency. In their experiment using a viscosity and density of the oil . The addition of nano- micro-model as the porous media, they reported a recovery particles will increase the stability due to aggregation of the of 40% of OOIP. nanoparticles at the thin Lamella of the foam (Fig. 7), which Griffith et al. in their work on Boise sandstone cores prevented spreading of the oil at the gas–liquid interface. with silica nanoparticles-stabilized pentane in water (natural The modification of silica-sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gas liquid-emulsion) as the injecting fluid, while light oil mixture resulted in optimum foam stability, whereas the was the residual oil, the result showed up to 82% residual slower liquid drainage from the foam did not result in high oil recovery. foam stability. Nanoparticles when used to stabilize foam, Kim et al. studied the synergy’s benefit of employ - can withstand high temperature reservoir condition, at low ing nanoparticles in emulsion for improved mobility con- concentration, nanoparticles can be used to stabilize foam, trol especially under high salinity control using hydrophilic but at high salinity, the stability of foam decreases . silica nanoparticles and surfactant in oil-in-brine emulsion This was observed by Yekeen et al. when they noticed formation. They successfully generated a strong and stable that the foam stability decreased in the presence of salt until emulsion with a combination of either cationic or non-ionic the transition salt concentration was reached. Beyond the surfactant with nanoparticles compared to surfactant and transition salt concentration, the foam stability will increase nanoparticles themselves alone. with the increasing salt concentrations . The dominant The combination of two or more nanoparticles can be mechanisms of the foam flow process were lamellae division employed to stabilize emulsion. McClements and Jafari and bubble to multiple bubble lamellae division as shown in reported that the combination of two different emulsi- Fig. 7. These mechanisms dominated the residual oil mobili- fier may lead to the formation of emulsion with different zation and displacement by the foam and it was found to be a droplet size and has a better stability compared to when used directly proportional to the displacement and emulsification separately. Using mixture emulsie fi r during homogenization of the oil as shown in Fig. 8. In a water-wet system (Fig. 8), process can reduce the size of the droplet produced. This is the dominant mechanism of the flow process and residual because one of the emulsifier may adsorb quickly and reduce oil mobilization are lamellae division and emulsification oil, the IFT. But may be less effective in stabilizing the droplet respectively, but in the oil-wet system, the generation of pore against coalescence. Whereas the other emulsifier may be spinning continuous gas foam was the dominant mechanism less effective at reducing IFT but, maybe very effective in governing the foam flow process and residual oil mobiliza- impeding droplet coalescence. tion . In the generation of S iO -SDS and A l O -SDS 2 2 3 foam, the pore level mechanism controlling the behaviour Foam stability using nanoparticles of the nanoparticle-surfactant foam in the porous media are similar which led to improved foam dynamic stability in The change in height of form generated with time and the water-wet and oil-wet porous media . time taken by the foam to reach half of its original life is Generally, the performance of foam was enhanced with a measure of its stability. The rate of foam collapsed can increasing nanoparticle hydrophobicity which increases sta- decrease with increasing surfactant concentration. However, bility but decreases foamability with increasing concentra- foam stability only increases with increase in surfactant tion of the nanoparticles. Therefore, nanoparticles increase 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 61 Fig. 7 Occurrence of bubble-to-multiple-bubble lamellae division, a SiO -SDS foam flow in the absence of oil, b SiO -SDS foam flow process 2 2 in the presence of oil, c Al O -SDS foam flow process in the presence of oil 2 3 foam apparent viscosity, improves foam stability by adsorp- the mobility in EOR using nanoparticle stabilized CO in tion and aggregation at the foam lamellae which increases water foam using microfluidic method. Their report shows the film thickness. And dilatational viscoelasticity which that coated silica nanoparticle stabilized CO foam is more prevents liquid drainage and film thinning leading to bulk stable than SDS, which recorded an additional 17% oil after and bubble scale stability . water flooding. Experimental results show that foam can be generated Mo et al. reported increase in recovery from 64.9 to −1 at a critical shear rate higher than 4000 s . But using 75.8% when pressure was increased from 1200 to 2500 psi dynamic experiment to produce foam by nanoparticle dis- but an increase in temperature reduced the recovery when persion with C O injection in a glass bead column, sta- working with nanosilica-stabilized CO foam. 2 2 −1 ble form was formed at shear rate higher than 1419 s at 1500 psig. Increase in the injection rate increased the shear −1 rate to 3312 s , and increased viscosity from 1.5 to 2.5 Nanoparticle flow behaviour in porous times higher than the normal dispersion without foam . media Yu et al. applied nanoparticle stabilized C O foam to improve oil recovery in high and low permeability core after Nanoparticles must be able to flow deep into the reservoir water flooding, they reported a 48.7% recovery in a 33 mD to assist in oil displacement, studies have shown that some permeability and 35.8% in a 270 mD permeability. challenges are encountered in the flow of nanoparticles in Singh and Mohanty studied foam stabilization with porous media [93, 94]. Therefore, the need to understand silica nanoparticles and Bioterage AS-40 surfactant for the mechanism affecting the flow of nanoparticles in porous EOR. They reported that the concentration of nanoparticles media is of importance. The emphasis here will be on the is important for foam stability, which increases the recov- physical aspect of the flow, the microscopic rheological ery by 10% of OOIP. Also, Nguyen et al. controlled behaviour and the adsorption of the nanoparticles in porous 1 3 62 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 Fig. 8 Mechanism of residual oil mobilization in water-wet system, a emulsification of oil during SiO -SDS foam flow, b effective emulsifica- tion, c oil emulsification, d inter-bubble trapping and oil trapping at the pore walls media. The transparent visualization of fluid flow through Nanoparticle adsorption in porous media porous media and the mechanism that takes place during oil recovery by nanoparticle or nanoparticle retention in porous The flow of nanoparticles through porous media exhibit a media can be well understood by microfluidic approach Brownian motion, due to the size of the particles, several using lab-on-a-chip approach, and by macro and micromodel forces like the Van der walls forces attracts potential forces experiments. and control the interaction between the nanoparticles and the porous media walls . Adsorption and desorption takes place depending on the attraction and repulsion force Nanoparticle filtration between the porous media wall and nanoparticles. During the flow of nanoparticles through porous media, mainly This occur when the particles are larger than some of the diffusion, convection and hydrodynamics play major role pores in the porous media, especially when nanoparticles . However, the adsorption of nanoparticles onto rock are co-polymerized or with surfactants. This may also occur surface is influenced by born repulsion and controlled by for non-aggregated nanoparticles when injected in low per- hydrodynamic forces. meability rocks (tight sandstones). Therefore, the size and shape of the nanoparticles are important parameters that can 1. Born repulsion: the adsorption of nanoparticles onto the affect filtration. It is important to note that filtration can be surface is influenced by the born repulsion which occurs initiated by the larger particles, which will cause further because of the coming together of the nanoparticles sur- filtration, which may lead to decrease in size of the pores face and the walls of the pores of the media. after initial filtration . 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 63 2. Hydrodynamic force: the hydrodynamic force controls of the channel and thereby reduce permeability by changing the suspension of a flowing liquid, when the nanoparti- the pressure drop during the experimental process. cles flows through porous media, if the hydrodynamic Bayat and Junin studied the influence of clay parti- forces are low, the particles will be suspended onto pore cles on Al O and T iO nanoparticles transport and reten- 2 3 2 surface and might get adsorbed depending on the surface tion through limestone porous media. They concluded that charge. there was a decline in the recovery with Al O and TiO 2 3 2 nanoparticles because of the presence of clay in the porous Adding nanoparticles into chemical slugs reduce media. The position of the clay particles at the pore-throat adsorption. These happen during the interaction of chem- and the morphology of the clay caused the nanoparticles icals and the rock surface, hydrogen bonding, covalent to be trapped. Therefore, the mobility of Al O and TiO 2 3 2 bonding, hydrophobic bonding and solvation of vari- nanoparticles through porous media is sensitive to clay type ous species. Therefore, it is a necessity to prevent this and concentration. interaction, EOR chemical adsorbs at solid–liquid inter- face by transferring molecules from solution phase to the Rheological flow behaviour of nanofluids solid–liquid interface. This only happens when the mole- cules are favoured in comparison to the bulk phase. Micel- The rheological flow behaviour of fluid is defined based on lization starts to form at higher concentration and form the relationship between the shear stress (τ) and shear rate hemimicelles with one or two layers . The solid sur- (γ), where the shear stress is, the tangential force applied face adsorption starts to increase until a bilayer is formed per unit area, whereas the shear rate is the change of shear on the solid surface. Addition of nanoparticles helps the strain per unit time. Viscosity (µ) therefore, can simply be molecules at the liquid–liquid interface and affect the defined as the resistance to flow of liquid suspension, which interfacial and adsorption behaviour of the process [96, is expressed as the ratio of the shear stress to shear rate. 97]. Even when nanoparticles are of the right size and Fluid behaviour can, therefore be classified as Newtonian stable in solution, adsorption can also impede their trans- and non-Newtonian. For Newtonian fluids, the relationship portation through porous media. The less the nanopar- between the shear stress and rate is linear, that is it remains ticles are adsorbed, on the rocks, the economics of oil constant while, that of the non-Newtonian changes with recovery is improved . Studies have shown that when shear stress and rate. nanoparticles are coated with polymer, it results to stable Non-Newtonian fluids can be classified into four major particles in solution, but it can also lead to high adsorption group; the dilatant where the viscosity of the fluid increases and retardation of nanoparticles when injected into the when shear is applied example: quicksand, corn flour and porous media [99, 100]. The electrostatic repulsion and water. The pseudoplastic in this case the more shear is the hydrophobic and hydrophilic interaction between the applied, the fluid become less viscous example: ketchup, nanoparticles and the rock can reduce adsorption. Nano- polymer. Rheopectic this is similar to dilatant, but the dif- particles with favourable surface charge that matches that ference is when shear is applied, the viscosity increases of the rock may exhibit less adsorption . with time, that is, it is time dependent example: we have Esmaeilzadel et al. studied the adsorption of anionic, cream, gypsum paste. Thixotropic where shear is applied, cationic and non-ionic surfactant on carbonate rock in the the viscosity decreases with time, which makes it also time- presence of ZrO nanoparticles. They reported that adding dependent examples are: paint, cosmetic, asphalt, glue. We ZrO to SDS surfactant increases the adsorption onto fluid/ can therefore, conclude that non-Newtonian fluid are either fluid interface rather than solid–liquid interface. time-dependent or non-time dependent. Zabala et al. investigated the adsorption capacity of alumina nanoparticles at reservoir condition with Mirador- Newtonian and non‑Newtonian flow behaviour formation plug cores. They reported a remarkable increase in of nanofluids production 100,000 bbl cumulative production in 4 months, by injecting nanoparticles suspension into a glass model. The rheology flow behaviour of nanofluids can be measured Hendraningrat et al. investigated nanoparticles reten- by the rheometer [103, 104]. The rheological flow behaviour tion in porous media. From the result of the visualization of nanofluid affects the pressure drop of the nanofluid. And experiment, they concluded thus; that nanoparticles were therefore, gives an idea of the nanofluid structure which can deposited and adsorbed at the surface, which led to reduction be used in predicting the thermal conductivity of the fluid in permeability by blocking the pore throat of the model. . Li and Torsaeter investigated the performance of Richmond et al. studied the rheological behaviour nanoparticles in oil recovery, they reported that adsorption of SiO and TiO in deionized, they observed that SiO alone 2 2 2 of nanoparticles in glass micro model may cause plugging displayed a Newtonian behaviour while, SiO /TiO mixture 2 2 1 3 64 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 exhibited a Bingham plastic behaviour. The addition of and shear rate range between 1 and 1000. They concluded TiO , increased the plastic viscosity compared to pure SiO . that all the suspensions showed Newtonian behaviour. 2 2 TiO nanofluid in distilled water showed shear thinning, the intensity increased with concentration of the nanofluid, the Eec ff ts of surfactants on the rheological flow behaviour viscosity decreases with temperature [103, 106]. But upon of nanofluids −1 exceeding a shear rate of 100 s , it showed a Newtonian behaviour . Alphonse et al., and Penkavova et al. Surfactants are used to prepare stable nanofluids, to achieve on the other hand reported a Newtonian behaviour for a uniform particle structure throughout the suspension. It is TiO with water at low shear rate and changed to shear thin- observed by most studies that the addition of surfactant to −1. ning when the shear rate exceeded 100 s the nanofluid changes the flow behaviour of the nanofluid Tseng and Wu [109, 110] studied the behaviour of Al O [123, 124]. 2 3 with pure water and double distilled water in a shear range of Yang et al. work on multi-walled carbon nano- −1 1–1000 s . For pure water, there was a transition from shear tube (MWCNT)/poly-olefin oil, dispersed in polyisobutene −1 thinning to shear thickening as the shear rate exceed 100 s , succinimide. They concluded that the suspension with the while for double distilled water, all the suspension showed lowest (0.3%) and highest (8%) dispersant concentration shear thinning behaviour at low shear rate and shear thick- exhibited a shear thinning behaviour while, the intermediate ening as the shear rate exceed the critical value. Whereas (3 wt%), exhibited a Newtonian behaviour. In their separate the work of Prasher et al. and Anoop et al. on work on MWCNT/poly-olefin oil but with PIBSI 1000 and alumina/propylene glycol (PG), Al O/water, Al O /ethylene PIBSI 500 as the dispersant, they reported that the suspen- 2 3 2 3 glycol (EG) nanoparticles, CuO/EG, they observed all the sion without dispersant showed slight shear thinning behav- fluids exhibited Newtonian behaviour. iour at low temperature. But the shear thinning increase with The work of Tseng and Chen [113, 114] was on nickel/ increase in temperature and was very strong at 75 °C. The −1 terpineol at shear rate ranges between 1 and 1000 s . All the suspension with PIBSI 1000 showed a mild shear thinning suspension containing nickel nanofluid showed shear thin- behaviour while, that of PIBSI 500 was very strong . ning behaviour over the entire shear rate. Whereas nickel/- Phuoc et al. in their work on MWCNT/deionized terpineol exhibited shear thinning behaviour for particle water with chitosan as the dispersant, reported that suspen- concentration. Silver/diethylene glycol (DEG) nanofluid sion with low CNT and chitosan concentration, behaved as exhibited a non-Newtonian (pseudoplastic) flow behaviour Newtonian Fluid. While at high concentration, it exhibited −1 at a shear rate range between 1 and 200 s and the viscos- shear thinning behaviour. Upon adding 0.1–0.2 wt% of chi- ity increased with increase in the concentration of the fluid tosan in water increased the viscosity, while adding 0.5 wt% . While, nanofluid of gold/water, the fluid exhibited decreased the viscosity and changed the flow behaviour to Newtonian behaviour, larger-size (50 nm) nanofluid showed non-Newtonian. higher viscosity compared to smaller size (10–20 nm) nano- Tseng and Lin investigated the rheological flow fluid. Viscosity decreased with a rise in temperature . behaviour of BaTio /ethanol-isopropanol with anionic and Duan et al. studied the flow behaviour of graphite cationic polymeric dispersant (KD and PS-2). They observed nanofluid in deionized water, at a shear rate range between 1 that the addition of the dispersant changes the flow behav - −1 and 100 s . The suspension behaviour exhibited shear thin- iour from pseudoplastic to dilatant as the shear rate passed −1 ning behaviour, viscosity increased with increase in concen- 800 s . The viscosity changed to the minimum value when tration of the fluid. They also reported that the enhancement the dispersant KD-6 was added. Similarly, Tseng and Li of the nanofluid held for 3-days was higher than that of the used B aTio /distilled water with ammonium poly- freshly prepared nanofluid. The work of Moghaddam et al. acrylate surfactant (NH PA), upon adding NH PA, the sus- 4 4 was on graphene nanou fl id in glycerol, at the low shear pension was close to Newtonian at the low shear rate, while rate, the nanofluid showed shear thinning behaviour for all it deviated from linear to dilatant flow at high shear rate. temperature but at high shear rate, the nanofluid behaved as When indium tin oxide (ITO)/deionized water was used with Newtonian fluid and the shear thinning behaviour increased NH PA, the viscosity reduced by about 99% as compared with increase in concentration. to the original suspension. At low shear rate the suspension Fe O nanofluid in deionized water show Newtonian behaved like a Bingham fluid and changed to shear thinning 3 4 behaviour at low concentration and exhibited shear thinning when the shear rate exceeds a critical level . behaviour at higher concentration [119, 120]. But for F e O Phuoc and Massoudi et al. studied the rheological 3 4 in polyethylene glycol (PEG), all the suspension showed flow behaviour of Fe O /deionized nanofluid with polyvi- 2 3 shear thinning behaviour . nylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly-ethylene oxide (PEO) sur- Resiga et al. investigated the flow behaviour of mag - factant. They reported that, the PEO and PVP exhibited a netite/transformer oil nanofluid with size range of 6–7 nm Newtonian behaviour at low concentration (0.2 wt%) and 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 65 exhibited shear thinning at higher concentration of the nanoparticles increases the distortion of flow lines and have nanoparticle. effects on the rheological properties such as viscosity and normal stress [37, 129]. Eec ff t of polymer on the rheological flow behaviour At equal concentration, well-dispersed nanofluid exhibit of nanofluids different rheological behaviour compared to agglomer- ated counterparts. The complications therefore, invalidate In polymer flooding activity, the essence of adding poly - any assumptions governing macroscopic homogeneity for mer to brine is to increase the viscosity for better sweep the application of complex equation over the homogenous efficiency [4 ]. Studies have shown that adding nanofluids phase. To account for additional time derivatives, spatial to polymer solution enhances the viscosity of the solution as well as particle–particle and particle–matrix molecular . Adding nanofluids to polymer increases the network interaction, factors such as particle size, porous media such and chain of the polymer, which in turn increases the viscos- as pH, polarity and inherent functionality also dictates the ity of the nanofluid. Therefore, nanofluid induced polymer flow in porous media by regulating aggregation and floc- has higher viscosity than polymer solution alone. Figure 9 culation. The degree of slip at the wall of the porous media is the oil recovery performance of injected polymer and and the amount of phase separation is influenced by the plate nanoparticle-induced polymer fluid. roughness or vane geometry. Viscosity as a function of con- Nanofluids are used to improve the mechanical, electrical centration has been modelled by several authors [130–135]: and barrier properties of polymers, there are used as thicken- = − 1 = ∕ − 1 = 2.5∞, (2) sp r s ing agent for low viscosity Newtonian fluid. It is therefore, desirable to know the effect of these nanoparticles to the = 1 + 2.5∞+ 6.2∞ , (3) rheology of the nanofluid and the approach needed to model the rheology of the system. The rheology also provides a means to determine the degree of exfoliation of the nanofluid =(1 − k�) , (4) in a polymer melt, the particles are therefore, sensitive to structure, shape and particle size . The addition of particles to a flowing liquid with com- � plementary disturbance of the flow lines, can result in the (5) simplest flow becoming complex. The flow pattern changes 1 − �� s m where there is increase and spatial variation of the shear whereas Ø is the packing volume fraction, k is the constant rate in the continuous phase and transient behaviour of the liquid element. The Van der Waals forces between particles of integration and η is the intrinsic viscosity. Maghzi et al. investigated the effect of silica nano- encourages agglomeration and influence the flow proper - ties from the increase in flow phase value. Aggregation of fluid on the rheological behaviour of polyacrylamide to enhanced oil production. They concluded that preliminary study showed that Nano solution showed pseudoplastic behaviour and had a good match with the power law model. But the rheological behaviour of the polyacrylamide showed a slight deviation from the power law model at medium shear rate and the deviation increased at higher shear rate. But for both fluids, there was minimum deviation. Addition of nanofluid improved the pseudoplasticity and increased viscosity for all the test. Cheraghian and Khalilinezhad studied the effect of nanoclay on the rheological behaviour of polymeric solu- tion. They reported that there is a lower and upper limit for effective viscosity of the polymer solution in porous media. The ultimate recovery increased by 5% compared to polymer flooding alone. Cheraghian applied nano-fumed silica to increase the viscosity of polymer in heavy oil flooding. They con- cluded that, the viscosity of the nano suspension increased with nanofluid weight fraction. More nanoparticles had Fig. 9 Oil recovery performance of injected polymer and nanoparti- direct effect on the fluid shear stress and the ultimate cle-induced polymer fluid 1 3 66 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 recovery by nanosilica increased by 8.3% compared to can be treated at a mesoscopic level similar to that used in polymer flooding alone. Similarly, the effect of TiO nano- lattice gas and lattice Boltzmann simulation. It also showed fluid on heavy oil recovery during polymer flooding was that complex physics such as multiphase flow, realistic equa- investigated. They concluded that for polymer flooding to tion of state, heat transfer and curing can be included in a be effective, the concentration of the nanofluid should be rigorous manner. Furthermore, complex geometry can be above a threshold value, the threshold value for titanium handled in a simple manner and the extension from two- dioxide was 2.3 wt%. The ultimate oil recovery by nanofluid dimensional flow is straight forward. In the absence of gravi- flooding increased by 3.9% compared to polymer flooding tational force, El-Amin et al. used a highly non-linear alone . parabolic partial differential equation to numerically solve an efficient algorithm. They developed a mathematical model to describe the magnetic nanoparticles-water suspension that Mathematical modelling of nanoparticle flow imbibes into water–oil two phase flow in a porous media behaviour under magnetic field effect. The saturation of nanoparticles water suspension increases, while the nanoparticle concen- The flow behaviour of nanoparticles in porous media can be tration decreases slightly under the effect of the magnetic govern by the following assumptions; the porous media is field as the deposited nanoparticles concentration increases. heterogenous, the flow is one-dimensional under isothermal This was demonstrated by a set of numerical exercise of condition, the rock and fluid are incompressible, the oil and hypothetical cases to show how an external magnetic field water are governed by the Darcy’s law and as such gravita- can influence the transport of nanoparticles in a two-phase tional force is neglected. Oil and water are Newtonian fluids system in a porous media . The water–nanoparticles therefore, the viscosity and density are kept constant, the suspension was treated as a miscible mixture, whereas it nanoparticles are discretized into n size intervals. is immiscible with the oil phase. They concluded that the The continuity equation of oil (o) and water (w) are gov- magnetic source location has a significant influence on the erned by the following equations: physical variables of the model. Based on the flow direction and the location of the magnet, the magnetic field can assist k p l l �s − = o; l = o, w, (6) or oppose the flow of this two-phase system. The concentra- l x x tion of the nanoparticles is observed to decrease slightly as a result of slight increase in deposition of nanoparticles. The a + bS P = P − P = , (7) magnet can assist the flow of the ferrofluid suspension when C o w 1 + cS placed next to the inflow/outflow boundary. The concentra- whereas x is the distance from the inlet of the porous media, tion of the nanoparticles seems to increase under the effect l is the line, Ø is the porosity, s is the saturation, µ is viscos- of magnetic field as the concentration of the nanoparticles l l ity, p is pressure of the phase l and k (= krl) is the effective deposited decreases . l l permeability of phase l. Whereas Eq. (7) is the expression for capillary force, where a, b, c are empirical parameters Modification of nanoparticles and S is water saturation. Ju and Fan used a mathematical model to describe The surface chemistry of a material determines its filtration, nanoparticles transport in a two-phase flow. The water adsorption and the rheological behaviour of the material in phase permeabilities increased from 1.6 to 2.1 of the origi- porous media. Therefore, proper surface modification can nal values, but there was a decrease in absolute perme- control particle properties which can lead to proper emul- abilities because of the adsorption of the nanoparticles at sification, reduced particle retention, wettability alteration the pore throat of the porous media. The hybrid computa- and stabilization of foam. A well-designed surface modi- tional approach that combines the lattice Boltzmann model fied nanoparticle can change particle hydrophobicity and for binary fluid with Brownian dynamic model for nano- thus alleviate particle retention on the rock surface . As particles was used to capture the interaction among fluids, careful control of emulsification and demulsification leads to nanoparticles and pore wall. Ma et al. demonstrated delivery of nanoparticles to targeted areas in the formation. that nanoparticles can alter the IFT between two fluids and The interfacial interaction between two phases present contact angle at the pore walls which affects the dynamics in a hybrid solution is one of the decisive factors affect- of the capillary fillings. But Cleary et al. confirmed ing properties of nanoparticles, a good dispersion can be the Darcy’s law for drift velocities in a saturated medium. achieved by surface modification of the nanoparticles Whereas a non-linear behaviour was observed for higher val- with active functional groups to enhance the compatibil- ues using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) when ity between the nanoparticles with surfactant or polymer they demonstrated that the flow through a porous structure thereby, optimizing the efficiency of the process. 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 67 The surface modification of nanoparticles can be real- The advantages of grafting polymerization include; ized by chemical or physical methods. (a) Grafting of polymers can improve the interfacial inter- 1. Chemical methods: the use of chemical methods involve action between the grafting polymer on the nanoparti- modification with either modifier agents or by grafting cles and the matrix polymer. This can be achieved by polymers. The most commonly used chemical modify- molecular entanglement of the polymer to the nanopar- ing agents are the silane coupling agents which possess ticles. hydrolysable and organofunctional ends. The general (b) Grafted polymerization can also increase the hydropho- structure of the coupling agents can be represented as bicity of nanoparticles. Which can be useful as fillers RSiX , where the X represents the hydrolysable groups, and for matrix miscibility. which are typically chloro, ethoxy, or methoxy groups. (c) It provides flexible structural properties between the Whereas the R is an organic group of different func - nanocomposites. This can be achieved by changing tionalities chosen to meet the requirements of the poly- the species of the grafting monomers and the grafting mer. The functional group X reacts with the hydroxyl conditions. This is because, die ff rent grafting polymers groups on the surface of the nanoparticles, while the might have different interfacial characteristics. alkyl chain reacts with the polymer matrix. In this way, the hydrophilic surface of nanoparticles is converted Guo et al. functionalized SiO nanoparticle with into hydrophobic . Grafting of polymer is also an a silane compound, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane effective method used to increases the hydrophobicity of (MPS) (Fig. 10) and found that the grafting ratio of MPS on particles. Surface modification by grafting is achieved the surface of nanosilica increased with MPS content. through two main approaches; Sabzi et al. carried out surface modification of TiO nanoparticles with amino propyltrimethoxysilane (APS) and investigated its effect on polyurethane composite coating. (i) ‘Grafting to’ method: this is the covalent attach- Iijima et al. tuned the stability of TiO nanoparticles ment of end-functionalized polymers to the sur- in various solvents by mixed silane alkoxides and obtained a face of the nanoparticles . well dispersed TiO in acidic aqueous solution, while Ukaji (ii) ‘Grafting from’ method: its the in situ monomer et al. used 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and polymerization with monomer growth of poly- n-propyltriethoxysilane (PTES) to suppress the photo-cata- mer chain from an immobilized initiator . lytic activity of fine TiO particles as inorganic ultraviolet filter. All the researchers observed an improvement of the Fig. 10 Modification of a nanoparticle with MPS (silane coupling agent) 1 3 68 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 properties of nanoparticles used after the surface modifica-nano-sized SiO with oleic acid (OA) and the surface-mod- tion process. ified silica nanoparticles (SiO –OA) were dispersed in poly (amic acid). They observed that the surface modification of 2. Physical method: the surface modification of nanopar - the nanoparticles caused an enhanced dynamic mechanical ticles based on physical interaction is usually imple- properties and thermal stability of the polymer. mented by adsorption of surfactants or macromolecules Behzadi and Mohammadi et al. modified silica nan- onto the surface of the nanoparticles. The principle of oparticles with polyethylene glycol as a hydrophobic agent surfactant treatment is the preferential adsorption of a and propyl chain as the hydrophilic agent. The oil water polar group of a surfactant to the surface of the nano- IFT was decreased by 50% and it modified the oil wetted particles by electrostatic interaction. The surfactant used surface from strongly oil wet to water-wet. The increase in for surface modification of nanoparticles are the cationic nanoparticle concentration increased the surface activity as and anionic surfactants . The hydrophilic head of the functional nanoparticles can greatly improve the perfor- the surfactant reduces the interaction between the nano- mance of the biochemical analysis. Which can accelerate particles within agglomerates by reducing the physical the signal transduction, enhance signal intensity and enable interaction while, the hydrophobic tail easily incorpo- the radiance of the signal due to the unique properties of the rates them into the polymer matrix (Fig. 11). Thereby, nanoparticles. The pre-level investigation experiment with improving their ec ffi iency [ 143]. For instance, silica was the surface modified silica nanoparticles reveals that hydro- treated with CTAB to improve the chemical interaction philic and environmental friendly silica nanoparticles can between the SiO and the polymer . Nanoslica was also modify micro model wettability. also modified with oleic acid, the oleic acid was bonded The surface chemistry does not only affect the quality to the silica surface with a single hydrogen bond . of the nanoparticles in terms of stability, mono-dispersity and biocompatibility but can also prove that the functional − + Adsorption of polymer can also provide surface hydro- groups of –COO , –NH , –CHO or the charges on the phobicity of silica nanoparticles. This was demonstrated nanoparticles can be exploited for ligand exchange. Yang by Reculusa et al. when they modified the surface of et al. modified ALOOH nanoparticles with partial silica nanoparticles by adsorption of an oxyethylene based hydrophobic, positive and slightly negative charged. Small macromonomers. Hydrogen bond with the silanol functions aggregate adsorbs to the surface and form compatibility net- present on the surface of the silica was formed. This was work in the foam film resulting in a stable foam. The surface possible due to the hydrophilic nature of the monomers due chemistry is therefore, a vital tool for surface medication to the presence of ethylene oxide group. On the other hand, as it dictates the sensitivity and mediation of the specific the methacrylate group which contains a polymerizable nanoparticles assay, which is vital to the orientation of the group for the syrene reaction might also be responsible. functional ligand on the nanoparticles . Taber et al. Lai et al. modified SiO nanoparticles with stearic determined the best nanohybrid that can be used as a acid to improve their dispersion and the adhesion between pickering emulsion for EOR. They prepared different carbon the filler and polymer matrix. They reported that the modi- structure (single-walled carbon nanotube, SWCNT and mul- fied nano-SiO viewed under scanning electron microscope tiwalled carbon nanotube, MWCNT) nanohybrid with SiO 2 2 was seen to disperse uniformly in poly (ether ether ketone) nanoparticles with different weight-percent using sol–gel than the unmodified counterpart. Tang et al. modified method. The results showed that nanofluid could signifi- cantly change the wettability of the carbonate rock from oil to water wet and decreases the IFT. Pickering emulsion have a good stability at 0.1, 1% salinity, at moderate and high temperature (25 and 90 °C), neutral and alkaline (7, 10) pH, which is suitable for oil reservoir condition. Therefore, 70% NWCNT/SiO nanohybrid pickering emulsion can be used for EOR. Characterization methods for evaluating the influence of nanoparticles in EOR Nanoparticles can be characterised based on their surface morphology, particle size and surface charge. The surface morphology, particle size and shape are determined by Fig. 11 Commonly used surfactants for functionalisation of nanopar- the electron microscopy technique. Whereas the physical ticles 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 69 stability and dispersibility of the nanoparticles are affected The efficiency of different nanoparticles by the surface charge of the nanoparticles . during oil displacement test (a) Surface morphology: the electron microscopy tech- The interest of nanotechnology in the oil and gas indus- nique is usually used to determine the surface mor- try is increasing by the day, silica nanoparticles are the phology with a direct visualization of the nanoparti- most widely tested and has shown good EOR application. cles. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the But recently, studies have been carried out on aluminium transmission electron microscope (TEM) are used for oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, and magnesium oxide, this purpose. The SEM can provide the morphology when combined they have yielded better result. In the near and size analysis of the nanoparticles. But its limita- future, the oil and gas industry will benefit tremendously tion is insufficient information on the size distribution from nanotechnology. and the true population average . The difficulty Adding nanoparticles to fluid greatly increases the in studying the structure of nanoparticles is due to mobility of trapped oil, reduces interfacial tension, their small size, which can hinder the use of traditional changes the properties of fluid, wettability alteration . methods in measuring their physical properties. TEM Although, the exact mechanism for oil displacement using technique can provide imaging, diffraction and spectro- nanoparticles is still not clear [164, 165], nanotechnology scopic information of the nanoparticles. The advantage has been seen as the alternative to recover the remaining of TEM is that, it can provide the shape, size, defect, oil trapped in the reservoir [166, 167]. surface structure, crystals, electronic state and compo- Maghzi et al. monitored the wettability alteration sition in nanometre-size region of thin film, nanoparti- using silica nanoparticles during water flooding of heavy cles and nanomaterial system . oil, they experimented with micromodel and reported a (b) Particle size: particle size is a physical property that 26% incremental oil recovery using silica nanoparticles. gives the basic information of the nanoparticles. Maghzi et al. study using silica nanoparticles with It determines the distribution and retention of the polyacrylamide solution, with glass micromodel had a 10% nanoparticles in the target area . Dynamic light additional oil recovery. scattering (DLS) is used to determine the size of the Joonaki and Ghanaatian in their study used iron nanoparticles. It measures the Brownian motion of the oxide, aluminium oxide, and silicon oxide treated by nanoparticles in suspension and relates it to velocity silane, using sand pack as the porous media, reported that (Known as the translational diffusion coefficient) to the the ultimate recovery was 92.5% with iron oxide, 88.6% size of the nanoparticle. According to the Stoke’s–Ein- with aluminium, and 95.3% with silica oxide. stein equation DLS is fast and can provides a sim- Charaghian also using a glass micromodel but ple estimate of the particles size. But the limitation of with sodium bentonite nanoclay with a size of 50 nm was DLS is that, it is poor in analysing multimodal particle able to recover 60.6% of the OOIP. Also, in another of his size distribution . Nanoparticle tracking analy- work using nanoclay and polymer with sandpack as the sis (NTA) is another imaging technique. It can track a porous media to recovery heavy oil, the additional recov- single particle based on the fluorescence microscopy ery this time was 5.8%. atomic image analysis. The size is determined from the Manan et al. used SiO , aluminium oxide, copper average displacement of the nanoparticle undergoing oxide and titanium dioxide as a stabilizing agent in car- Brownian motion at a time . The advantage of this bon dioxide foam flooding, using sand pack as the porous method is that, it can track a single nanoparticle and media. The additional recovery reported was 14% for alu- provides a high resolution for the sample and aggrega- mina, 11% for silica while, titanium and copper recovered tion. 5% each. (c) Surface charge: the surface charge influences the inter - Nazari et al. in his work on wettability alteration action of the nanoparticles with the environment. It of carbonate rocks used ZrO, TiO , MgO, Al O, CeO , 2 2 2 3 2 also, determine the intensity and electrostatic inter- CNT, where all used for contact angle measurement while, action with bioactive compound . The stability CaCO and SiO were used for core flooding. The result 3 2 of colloidal material is usually analysed with the zeta showed 8–9% additional recovery. potential of the nanoparticles. It is an indirect measure Moradi et al. also used silicon dioxide nano- of the surface charge, it is useful in determining the sta- particle on a carbonate porous media and they reported bility of the nanoparticles, to avoid aggregation of the a 72–79% recovery of the original oil in place. Sharma nanoparticles. It can also be used to evaluate surface et al. also worked on silica nanoparticles but with hydrophobicity and nature of the nanoparticles . Berea sandstone, the nanoparticle was used as a stabilizer 1 3 70 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 for surfactant and polymer. And the cumulative oil recov- polymer with high viscosity can improve oil recovery, the ery was 60%. The work of El-Diasty also with sil- displacement test indicate a 4% increase in oil recovery. ica nanoparticle on sandstone media, reported a 35–50% Cheraghian this time, focused on silica nanoparticle recovery of the OOIP during breakthrough point. Chen effect on the viscosity of polymer and its improvement in et al. used carbonaceous nanoparticles MWCNT and recovering heavy oil. The result indicated that nanoparti- carbon black (CB) injected with surfactant blend. They cles with polymer at higher viscosity can improve oil recov- reported a fast and high recovery of 42.7% compared to ery, the displacement test for silica nanoparticle was 8.3% surfactant alone. increase in recovery. Singh and Mohanty used aluminium coated silica, Jafarnezhad et al. applied SnO nanoparticles to with Berea sandstone as the porous media, the cumulative increase the efficiency of water flooding in heavy oil using oil recovery reported was 70–75%. Alomair et al. in carbonate core plug. The nanoparticles altered the wettabil- their work also using Berea sandstone as the porous media ity from oil-wet to water-wet and reduced the IFT which but with aluminium oxide and nickel oxide, silicon oxide, led to the increase in the recovery factor from 39 to 61% titanium oxide, observed a 6% incremental oil recovery for at low concentration of the nanoparticles. Azarshin et al. silicon oxide and aluminium oxide, 1–3% for nickel oxide modified the surface of the silicon nanoparticles to and titanium oxide. Ragab and Hannora also worked make them more effective for EOR purposes. They found out with silica and aluminium nanoparticles, with Berea sand- that the amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles are signifi- stone as the porous media, they reported a 7% additional cantly more effective than the typical nanoparticles when the recovery. core flood test recovered 18% increase in total recovery com- Bayat and Junin in their work on nanoparticle trans- pared to the typical nanoparticles. But Zallaghi et al. port through porous media, using limestone as the porous reported an increase from 4.87 to 11.7% in sandstone core media and Al O, TiO and SiO nanoparticles, reported that when the surface of silica nanoparticles was modified. While 2 3 2 2 a tremendous increase in recovery of 52.6% for aluminium, Youssif et al. concluded that silicon nanoparticle is 50.9% for titanium and 48.7% for silica as compared to the environmentally compatible with sandstone rocks. Recovery original 47.3% of water flooding. increased by 13.28% with increase in the concentration of Ogolo et al. using sandstone as the porous media work nanoparticles and that injecting silica at low concentration on eight different nanoparticles namely; aluminium oxide, rate will decrease the permeability impairment. Whereas magnesium oxide, iron oxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, zir- high concentration will increase the impairment but, will conium oxide, tin oxide, and silane treated silicon oxide. increase the recovery to a certain extent. They reported that iron oxide gave the highest recovery, Nwidee et al. investigated the influence of ZrO and while magnesium was the least. The total recovery for the NiO nanoparticles on the wetting preference of fractured oil- nanoparticles is as follows: aluminium 26.7%, magnesium wet limestone formation. Both nanoparticles demonstrated 18.3%, iron 30%, nickel 25%, zinc 29.2%, zirconium 27.5%, similar behavior at the same particle concentration but the Tin 25%, and silane treated silicon 27.5%. ZrO demonstrated a better efficiency by altering oil-wet to Onyekonwu and Ogolo studied the wettability altera- water-wet condition while, NiO changed oil-wet to interme- tion of three different polysilicon nanoparticles to enhance diate condition. They concluded that ZrO is very efficient oil recovery, the nanoparticles used were lipophobic and in terms of inducing strong water-wettability and has high hydrophobic (LHPN), hydrophobic and lipophobic (HLPN) potential as an EOR agent. and neutrally wet (NWPN). They reported that HLPN and NWPN are good agent for enhanced oil recovery with a total recovery between 42.95 and 53.38% for LHPN, Field application of nanoparticles in EOR 70.62–86.92% for NWPN and 70.0–93.13% for HLPN. Mohammadi et al. investigated the effect of γ-Al O Nanoparticles was used to improve the mobility and alter 2 3 on the wettability alteration of one Iranian carbonate reser- the wettability of two Columbian heavy oil fields. Two field voir, they observed a maximum change in contact angle and trials were performed in Castilla and Chichimene fields [6 ]. the oil recovery increased by 11.25%. In Castilla 200 and 150 bbl of nanofluid were injected into Wan Sulaiman et al. they used silica nanoparticle wells CN154 and CN174, respectively. The oil rate increased in carbonate rock to alter the wettability of the rock, and by 270 bpd in CNI54 and 280 bpd in CN174. Whereas in to test the efficiency of silica nanoparticle in enhancing oil Chichimene 86 and 107 bbl of nanofluid were injected into recovery in high salinity, they reported a 65.5% recovery of wells CHSW26 and CH39, respectively. Oil rate increased by the OOIP. 310 bopd in CHSW26 and 87 bopd in CH39. It was observed Cheraghian focused on the role of TiO nanopar- that the oil viscosity reduced, and the mobility ratio was ticle on the viscosity of polymer, his results showed that increased for both fields. About 98% viscosity was observed 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 71 for Chichimene field in the first 9 days whereas 47% reduc- Future direction tion in viscosity was observed for Castilla in the first 30 days . The nanofluid was pumped into the formation just once Nanotechnology in EOR is still at the laboratory and field and the improvement in oil mobility was still the same for trial stage, where there is an attempt to understand the 269 days. Indicating the ec ffi iency and economical nature of mechanism of its adsorption onto rock surface during the nanofluid. The residual concentration of the nanoparticle recovery, because different rock has different affinity to after 269 days was 56 ppm, indicating that the long life of the adsorbed nanoparticles. The mechanism of nanoparticle nanofluid. Also, 11% reduction in BSW shows that the forma- retention and entrapment needs to be understood, they tion has been altered to a strong water wet system. The project are in need for size control and the right concentration of was very economical as the capital invested was recovered nanoparticles for flooding. within 4 months. Considering the number of publication and good result obtained from laboratory, nanoparticles are potential Challenges of nanoparticles applications future candidate for EOR, but this has not reflected on its application in the field. Several challenges still exist that Processing and manufacture need to be addressed, such as the stability of the nano- particles at harsh conditions, to solve these problems, co- There is little or no doubt that nanoparticles have tremendous polymerization, nanoparticle coating and surface modifi- market potentials, but as a replacement for current EOR chem- cation of these nanoparticles should be implemented. icals and in the creation of new market through their outstand- The cost of nanoparticles is another limiting factor ing properties. But the challenge is the processing and manu- hindering field application. There is need to develop tai- facture technology in terms of quantity and commercialization lor-made nanoparticles that are cost-effective from local is the greatest challenge. The dispersion of nanoparticles or the material such as natural starch and cellulose. The choice chemical compatibility of the nanoparticle with the material is of these materials is due to their rigid chemical structure important. The homogenous dispersion of the nanoparticles in which can withstand harsh reservoir condition and they are polymer is very difficult due to the strong tendency of particles the most abundant natural product in nature. to agglomerate [178, 179]. Scale up is needed to produce large quantities of nanomaterials for manufacturing purposes, there is need for characterization method, tools, instrumentation as well as affordable infrastructure, and the education of scientist Conclusions and engineers in academics and industry. Molecular dynamics simulation and theoretical analysis are based on assumption 1. The main aim of this research is to bring to light the that may not be feasible in real life situation . mechanism affecting the flow of nanoparticles in porous media as it relates to EOR. Environmental challenges 2. Nanoparticle in CEOR can alter the wettability of the reservoir rock from oil-wet to water-wet, it can also There are general views that nanoscale particles may have lower the interfacial tension between the oil and water negative health and environmental hazards, since most of interface. Nanoparticles are found to be effective in them are metals or their oxides [181, 182]. Although most of stabilizing of emulsion, foam and can also stabilize oil them are introduced into the body for detecting disease and front. infections, imaging and treatments, there is growing concern 3. Gravitational and capillary forces are responsible for the about their toxicity. The properties of carbon nanoparticles shift in wettability from oil-wet to water-wet. may also lead to health hazard . Because the size of the 4. The flow of nanoparticles in porous media was described nanoparticles is comparable to human cells and large protein laying emphasis on the physical aspect of the flow, the with the result that the regular human immune system may microscopic rheological behaviour and the adsorption not work against them . Nanoparticles can also seep into of the nanoparticles in porous media. under underground water to affect the aquifer, which is a seri- 5. It was observed that nanoparticles exhibit Newtonian ous environmental problem. behaviour at low shear rate and non-Newtonian behav- iour at high shear rate. 6. The dominant mechanism of foam flow process were lamellae division and bubble to multiple lamellae divi- sion. 1 3 72 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 10. Sun, X., Zhang, Y., Chen, G., Gai, G.: Application of nanoparti- 7. 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Tech- Paper SPE-185973-MS, presented at the SPE reservoir char- nol. 33(12), 1762–1786 (2012) acterization and simulation conference and exhibition, held in 160. Hoo, C., Starostin, N., West, P., Mecartney, M.: A comparison Abu Dhabi, UAE, 8–10 May (2017) of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic light scatter- 143. Zou, H., Wu, S., Shen, J.: Polymer/silica nanocomposites: ing (DLS) methods to characterize nanoparticles size distribu- preparation, characterisation, properties and applications. tions. J. Nanopart. Res. 10, 89–96 (2008) Chem. Rev. 108(9), 3893–3957 (2008) 161. Saveyn, H., Baets, B., Thas, O., Hole, P., Smith, J., Meeren, 144. Jana, S., Jain, S.: Dispersion of nanofillers in high performance P.: Accurate particles size distribution determination by nano- polymers using reactive solvent as processing aids. Polymer particles tracking analysis based on 2-D dynamics simulation. 42(16), 6897–6905 (2001) J. Colloids Interface Sci. 352(2), 593–600 (2010) 145. Guo, S., Dong, S., Wang, E.: Gold/platinum nanoparticles sup- 162. Pangi, Z., Beletsi, A., Evangelatos, K.: PEG-ylated nanoparti- ported on multi-walled carbon nanotube/silica coaxial nanoca- cles for biological and pharmaceutical application. Adv. Drug bles: preparation and application as electrocatalysts for oxygen Deliv. Rev. 24, 403–419 (2013) reduction. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 2389–2393 (2008) 163. Cheraghian, G., Khalili, N., Kamari, M., Hemmati, M., Masihi, 146. Sabzi, M., Mirabedini, M., Zohuriaan-Mehr, J., Atai, M.: Sur- M., Bazgir, S.: Absorption polymer on reservoir rock and the face modification of TiO nanoparticles with silane coupling role of nanoparticles, clay, and SiO . Int. Nano. Lett. 4, 114 2 2 agent and investigation of its effect on the properties of polyu- (2014) rethane composite coating. Progress Org. Coat. 65(2), 222–228 164. Chengara, A., Nikolov, A., Wasan, D.T., Trokhymchuck, A., (2009) Henderson, D.: Spreading nano fluid driven by the structural dis- 147. Iijima, M., Kabayakawa, M., Kamiya, H.: Tuning the stabil- joining pressure gradient. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 280, 192–201 ity of T iO nanoparticles in various solvent by mixed silane (2004) alkoxides. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 337(1), 61–65 (2009) 165. Wason, D.T., Nikolov, A., Kondiparty, K.: The wetting and 148. Ukaji, E., Furusawa, T., Sato, M., Suzuki, N.: Effect of surface spreading of nanofluid on solids on solid: role of the structural modification with silane coupling agent on suppressing the disjoining pressure. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 16, 344– photo-catalytic activity of fine TiO particles as inorganic UV 349 (2011) filter. Appl. Surf. Sci. 254(2), 536–569 (2007) 166. Hendraningrat, L., Torsaeter, O.: Unlocking the potential of 149. Wu, J., Yang, S., Gao, S., Hu, A., Liu, J., Fan, L.: Preparation, metal oxide nanoparticles to enhance oil recovery. Paper OTC- morphology and properties of nano-sized Al O /polyimide 24696-MS. Presented at the offshore technology conference, held 2 3 hybrid films. Eur. Polym. J. 41(1), 73–81 (2005) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 25–28 March (2014) 150. Mahdavian, A., Ashjari, M., Makoo, A.: Preparation of poly 167. Cheraghian, G.: Application of nano fumed silica in heavy oil (styrene-methyl methacrylate)/SiO composite nanoparticles recovery. Pet. Sci. Technol. 34, 12 (2015) via emulsion polymerization. An investigation into the com- 168. Cheraghian, G.: Thermal resistance and application of nanoclay patibilization. Eur. Polym. J. 43(2), 336–344 (2007) on polymer flooding in heavy oil recovery. Pet. Sci. Technol. 151. Reculusa, S., Ponect-Legrand, C., Ravaine, S., Mingotaud, 33(17–18), 1580–1586 (2015) C., Duguet, E., Bourgeat-Lami, E.: Syntheses of raspberrylike 169. Manan, M.A., Farad, S., Piroozian, A., Esmail, M.J.: Effect of silica/polystyrene materials. Chem. Mater. 14(5), 2354–2359 nanoparticle types on carbon dioxide foam flooding in enhanced (2002) oil recovery. Pet. Sci. Technol. 33(12), 1286–1294 (2015) 152. Lai, Y., Kuo, M., Huang, J., Chen, J.: On the PEEK reinforced 170. Moradi, B., Pourafshary, P., Farahani, F., Mohammadi, M., surface-modified nano-silica. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 458(1–2), 158– Emadi, M.: Application SiO nanoparticle to improve the per- 169 (2007) formance of water alternating gas EOR process In: Paper SPE- 153. Tang, J., Lin, G., Yang, H., Jiang, G., Chen-Yang, Y.: Polyimide- 178040, presented at the SPE oil and gas conference and exhibi- silica nanocomposites exhibiting low thermal expansion coeffi- tion, Mumbai, Indian, 24–26 November (2015) cient and water adsorption from surface-modified silica. J. Appl. 171. El-Diasty, A.: The potential of nanoparticles to improve oil Polym. Sci. 104(6), 4096–4105 (2007) recovery in Bahariya formation, Egypt: an experimental study. 154. Behzadi, A., Mohammadi, A.: Environmentally responsive sur- In: Paper SPE-174599-MS, presented at the SPE Asia Pacific face-modified silica nanoparticles for enhanced oil recovery. J. Enhanced Oil Recovery conference, held in Kuala Lumpur, Nanopart. Res. 18, 266 (2016) Malaysia, 11–13 August (2015) 155. Yang, P., Hu, J., Zhou, X., Xia, J., Shi, J., He, J.: Synthesis of 172. Chen, C., Wang, S., Kadhum, M., Harwell, J., Shiau, B.: Using graphene nanosheets modified with the Fe O @ phenol formal- carbonaceous nanoparticles as a surfactant carrier in enhanced 3 4 dehyde resin or PFR nanoparticles for their bio-image and ther- oil recovery: a laboratory study. Fuel. 222, 561–568 (2018) mal treatment. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 134, 26 (2017) 173. Alomair, O.A., Matar, K.M., Alsaeed, Y.H.: Experimental study 156. Afzali-Tabar, M., Alaei, M., Bazmi, M., Khojasteh, R., Kooli- of enhanced heavy oil recovery in berea sandstone cores by use vand-Salooki, M., Motiee, F., Rashidi, A.: Facial and economical of nanofluid application. SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 18(03), 387– preparation method of nanoporous graphene/silica nanohybrid 399 (2015) and evaluation of its pickering emulsion properties for chemical 174. Jafarnezhad, M., Giri, S.M., Alizadeh, M.: Impact of SnO nano- enhanced oil recovery (C-EOR). Fuel 206, 453–466 (2017) particles on enhanced oil recovery from carbonate media. Energy 157. Bhatia, S.: Nanoparticles types, classification, characterization, Source Part A Recov. Util. Environ. Eff. 39(1), 121–128 (2017) fabrication method and drug delivery applications. Nat. Polym. 175. Azarshin, S., Moghadasi, J., Aboosadi, Z.A.: Surface function of Drug Deliv. Syst. (2016). h t tp s : // d oi . org /1 0 . 10 0 7/ 9 78 - 3 -3 1 9- silica nanoparticles to improve the performance of water flooding 41129 -3_2 in oil wet reservoir. Energy Explor. Exploit. 1, 13 (2017) 158. Roque, L., Castro, P., Molpeceres, J., Viana, A., Roberto, A., 176. Zallaghi, M., Kharrat, R., Hashemi, A.: Improving the micro- Reis, C., Rijo, C., Tho, I., Sarmento, B., Reis, C.: Bioadhesive scopic sweep efficiency of water flooding using silica nanopar - polymeric nanoparticles as strategy to improve the treatment of ticles. J. Pet. Explor. Prod. Technol. 8(1), 259–269 (2018) yeast infections in oral cavity: in-vitro and ex-vivo studies. Eur. Polym. J. 104, 19–31 (2018) 1 3 International Nano Letters (2018) 8:49–77 77 177. Youssif, M.I., El-Maghraby, R.M., Saleh, M.S., Elgibaly, A.: 182. Warheit, D.B.: What is currently known about the health risk Silica nanofluid flooding for enhanced oil recovery in sandstone related to carbon nanotube exposures? Carbon 44, 1064–1069 rock. Egypt. J. Pet. 27(1), 105–110 (2018) (2006) 178. Ohiaki, C.: Nanosandwitches. Chem. Br. 34, 59–62 (1998) 183. Borm, P.: Particle toxicology: from coal to nanotechnology. 179. Schmidt, D., Shah, D., Giannelis, E.: New advances in polymer/ Inhal. Toxicol. Med. 61, 727 (2002) layered silicate nanocomposite. Curr. Option Solid State Mater. 184. Donaldson, K., Stone, V., Tran, C., Kreyling, W., Borm, P.: Nano- Sci. 6(3), 205–212 (2002) toxicology. Occup. Environ. Med. 61, 727 (2004) 180. Lau, K., Sankar, J., Hui, D.: Enhancement of the mechanical strength of polymer-based composite using carbon nanotubes. In: Publisher’s Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to Schulz, M., Kelker, A., Sunderason, M. (eds.) Nanoengineeering jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. of Structural, Functional and Smart Materials. Taylor & Francis, USA (2006) 181. Muller, J., Huaux, F., Liason, D.: Respiratory toxicity of carbon nanotube: how worried should we be? Carbon 44, 1048–1056 (2006) 1 3
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“My last article couldn't be possible without the platform @deepdyve that makes journal papers cheaper.”@JoseServera | <urn:uuid:2918d718-6b23-4c22-9983-7276f5aafe8b> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/mechanism-governing-nanoparticle-flow-behaviour-in-porous-media-ua0RHZhHgM | 2021-03-06T01:53:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178374217.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20210306004859-20210306034859-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.870595 | 34,716 | [
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|Deck Type:||Non-Meta Decks|
|Deck Master:||Number F0: Utopic Future Dragon|
|Submission Date:||January 24th 2021|
|YGOPRODeck File Download|
You can only really pull off this combo with Xyz Remora in hand. I would say the perfect hand for this deck would be a xyz remora, buzz saw shark, and chain summoning. Let me explain it in steps.
1: Summon bahamut
2: Summon nightmare shark with bahamut's effect
3: Overlay into full armor black ray lancer
4: Use xyz remora
5: then spam the heck out of more bahamuts and overlay into FO using the bahamuts after you summon toadally awesomes
You should have about 3 negates at normal but if you have chain summoning make that 4. | <urn:uuid:7736a7b4-020d-4378-8134-917a78810a69> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://ygoprodeck.com/sharks-4-negates/ | 2021-03-06T02:47:40Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178374217.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20210306004859-20210306034859-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.842806 | 194 | [
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Bull Shoals Dam construction was started in 1947 and was not completed until 1951 due to the delay of WWII with a total taxpayer cost of 76.4 million dollars.
The Bull Shoals Dam was dedicated by President Harry S. Truman on July 2. 1952. At that time, it was the fifth largest structure of that type in the U.S.. and the largest in Arkansas. The procedure used to attain the materials for the dam were nationally recognized as well. To gather the 2.1 million cubic yards of concrete needed, the dam builders built the second longest continuous conveyor belt in the world from Lee's Mountain Quarry to the dam site seven and one-half miles away. You can see an example of the conveyor belt at the James A. Gaston's Visitor Center at the dam.
The Dam has 8 generators that can generate 10 million gallons of water per minute. It spands 2,256 feet in length and is 220 feet wide at the base. It rises 263 feet above the river bed. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers operates and maintains the hydroelectric dam. Southwestern Power Administration wholesales the power within a six state region including Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas. About 800,000 megawatt hours of power is sold annually.
The site is currently a delight to the area residents as they drive across it daily and witness the beauty of the water, sunsets, sunrises, morning fog over the White River and wildlife around Bull Shoals Dam. | <urn:uuid:17462c91-eb82-4da9-8798-d80b379d65a0> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://cityofbullshoals.org/BullShoalsDam.aspx | 2021-03-09T10:40:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178389798.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20210309092230-20210309122230-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.960594 | 307 | [
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How was I going to replicate the organic cornbread I’ve been making (and eating) in North Carolina here in Teotitlan del Valle?, I wondered. As I cruised the village market yesterday, I saw a local woman selling small bags of ground cornmeal. I asked her to verify what it was, since I wanted plain ground corn. For atole, she replied, in Spanish. Nothing more than corn. Maize molido. I thought, oh, good, local from her milpa.
I know how they grind corn here. Almost every family has a small plot of corn, squash and beans out in the campo. This is to sustain them and their animals throughout the year. Everyone eats the same corn — animals and humans alike. There are three corn plantings and harvests a year. The last harvest is coming in now, just before Muertos.
Once the corn is harvested, most of it is dried. The women peel the kernels off the husks, then take the dried corn kernels to the local molino (mill). There is a mill in every neighborhood here. They choose how they want it ground, coarse to fine. What I bought was a fine ground cornmeal. Native, organic corn. Original corn. Healthy. Just perfect.
I followed a highly rated gluten-free recipe online, but added my own flavors to the dry meal: 1/4 t. turmeric, one tablespoon of minced, candied ginger, about a teaspoon of dried oregano I had bought fresh at the local market some months ago.
We are at 6,000 feet altitude here in the Oaxaca valley. It takes longer to bake and we need to crank up the oven temperature a bit to compensate. Baking here is as much an art as it is a science, so I watch the cornbread to make sure it is rising and not browning too fast.
My friend Kalisa is a baker extraordinaire. She often stays in the casita when I’m gone, caring for the dogs. Of course, this is a Mexican stove! She did a translation of oven temps from Fahrenheit to Centigrade last year. We keep this on a faithful sticky note on the side of the cupboard near the oven. It helps immensely.
Footnote: It took over an hour to bake. The recipe called for 25 minutes at 425 degrees Fahrenheit. The texture is fine, more like a cake than a bread. Next time, I’ll see if I can find a coarse grind meal in the village. Meanwhile, I taste the turmeric and the oregano and ginger. I like the mingling of the flavors.
What can you experiment with?
P.S. A long time ago, in a land far, far away, I used to own and operate a gourmet cookware shop and cooking school. I still love to experiment. | <urn:uuid:17f3754a-734a-44d8-9f13-5657477f4595> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://oaxacaculture.com/2019/10/teotitlan-del-valle-oaxaca-oregano-ginger-cornbread-recipe-maize-molido/ | 2021-03-09T10:31:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178389798.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20210309092230-20210309122230-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.953702 | 601 | [
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- Where is the largest religious monument in the world?
- What is the most sacred thing on earth?
- Where is the most spiritual place on earth?
- Which religion is the oldest?
- What is the religious capital of the world?
- What is the holiest city in Christianity?
- Which is the biggest religious places in the world?
- What is the holiest site in the world?
- Which is the holiest city in the world?
- Was Cambodia a Hindu country?
- What are two holy cities for Islam?
- Why is Angkor Wat abandoned?
- Who found Angkor Wat?
Where is the largest religious monument in the world?
Angkor Wat is an enormous Buddhist temple complex located in northern Cambodia.
It was originally built in the first half of the 12th century as a Hindu temple.
Spread across more than 400 acres, Angkor Wat is said to be the largest religious monument in the world..
What is the most sacred thing on earth?
10 most sacred spots on EarthUluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, Australia. (Budget Travel/Twickey/Dreamstime.com) … Cenote Sagrado, Mexico. (Budget Travel/imagebroker.net/SuperStock) … Mahabodhi Tree, Bodh Gaya, India. … Mount Kailas, Tibet. … Mount Sinai, Egypt. … Glastonbury Tor, England. … Crater Lake, Oregon. … Mount Parnassus, Greece.More items…•
Where is the most spiritual place on earth?
But the chances are you will find something – beauty, connectedness, knowledge, a little inner peace.Cape Reinga, North Island, New Zealand. … Lake Titicaca, Peru and Bolivia. … Avebury, Wiltshire, UK. … Adam’s Peak, Sri Lanka. … Mount Kailash, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. … Wittenberg, Germany. … Crater Lake, Oregon, USA.More items…•
Which religion is the oldest?
The word Hindu is an exonym, and while Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, many practitioners refer to their religion as Sanātana Dharma (Sanskrit: सनातन धर्म: “the Eternal Way”), which refers to the idea that its origins lie beyond human history, as revealed in the Hindu texts.
What is the religious capital of the world?
JerusalemJerusalem, Israel Jerusalem is one of the oldest cities in the world, dating back to about 4000 BC. It has been the spiritual center and the holiest city for the Jewish people since the 10th century BC. It also contains many important old Christian sites and is the third-holiest city in Islam.
What is the holiest city in Christianity?
city of JerusalemThe city of Jerusalem is sacred to many religious traditions, including the Abrahamic religions Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, which consider it a holy city. Some of the most sacred places for each of these religions are found in Jerusalem and the one shared between all three is the Temple Mount.
Which is the biggest religious places in the world?
These are nine of the most important religious sites on Earth.Saint Peter’s Basilica, Vatican City (Catholicism) … Western Wall, Jerusalem (Judaism) … Great Mosque of Mecca, Saudi Arabia (Islam) … Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem (Christianity) … Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Varanasi, India (Hinduism)More items…
What is the holiest site in the world?
JerusalemCatholics, like many other Christians, regards the Sepulchre in Jerusalem to be the holiest of places. It also places emphasis on Nazareth, Bethlehem, Capernaum, and other parts of the Holy Land as sacred since apostolic times, and notes as places of special sanctity the sanctuaries built on the tombs of the Apostles.
Which is the holiest city in the world?
Shrine of the Báb in Haifa, sacred to the Baháʼí Faith.Jerusalem (Judaism, Christianity, Islam)Mount Sinai (Judaism, Christianity, Islam)Hebron (Judaism, Islam)Nazareth (Christianity, Islam)Bethlehem (Christianity, Islam)Beirut (Roman Catholicism, Islam)Karbala (Shi’a Islam)Haifa (Baháʼí)More items…
Was Cambodia a Hindu country?
Cambodia was first influenced by Hinduism during the beginning of the Kingdom of Funan. Hinduism was one of the Khmer Empire’s official religions. Cambodia is the home of the holy temple of Angkor Wat, the largest Hindu temple in the world. … Initially, the kingdom revered Hinduism as the main state religion.
What are two holy cities for Islam?
Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia are the two holiest cities in Islam, unanimous among all sects.
Why is Angkor Wat abandoned?
The cause of the Angkor empire’s demise in the early 15th century long remained a mystery. But researchers have now shown that intense monsoon rains that followed a prolonged drought in the region caused widespread damage to the city’s infrastructure, leading to its collapse.
Who found Angkor Wat?
monarch Jayavarman IIFounded by the warrior-priest monarch Jayavarman II in 802, it was the ‘template’ of Angkor and its great temple. | <urn:uuid:7b1eec26-5088-4253-b8f3-08a2218d2b3f> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://russellwilsonelitejerseys.com/2020/12/07/what-is-the-largest-religious-site-in-the-world/ | 2021-03-09T09:49:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178389798.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20210309092230-20210309122230-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.889817 | 1,190 | [
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Regional: Negotiations lead to Thompson Divide boundary adjustment
The second-largest leaseholder in the Thompson Divide region says it will support efforts to protect public lands stretching south of Glenwood Springs to McClure Pass from oil and gas development after negotiating an adjustment to the southern boundary where it has active leases.
Denver-based Gunnison Energy LLC, a division of the Oxbow Co. that operates coal mines in the North Fork Valley, has reached an agreement with the Thompson Divide Coalition (TDC) to remove areas where the company already holds leases, including some producing gas wells, according to the TDC.
According to a statement sent Thursday from the Carbondale-based coalition, the agreement marks the end of a yearlong negotiation with Gunnison Energy regarding the southern boundary of the Thompson Divide.
“Throughout the course of the negotiations, stakeholders worked together to adjust the proposed legislative boundary in a way that could meet Gunnison Energy’s needs on producing leases in the area while protecting critical fisheries, wildlife habitat and watersheds in Gunnison County’s Clear Fork Roadless Area,” the statement says.
Those negotiations also involved Trout Unlimited and Gunnison County commissioners, who on Tuesday lent their support to pending federal legislation regarding a possible lease exchange involving other leases in the Thompson Divide that would be traded for leases in Mesa and Rio Blanco counties.
The county’s support of the exchange proposal put forth by two other energy companies, SG Interests and Ursa Piceance, was contingent on removal of another section of federal land in the upper reaches of the North Fork Valley from future consideration for oil and gas leasing.
According to the TDC, after Gunnison Energy expressed concerns about the legislative boundary being contemplated in U.S. Sen. Michael Bennet’s Thompson Divide Withdrawal and Protection Act, the senator asked the various stakeholders to work together toward a compromise.
Gunnison Energy President Brad Robinson, in a July 22 letter sent to Bennet, said the company would support the senator’s withdrawal and protection act contingent on the boundary adjustment, which removed roughly 8,000 acres from the original legislative boundary.
The withdrawal act, which has not been reintroduced since it was first offered up by Bennet two years ago, is separate from the legislation that would be necessary to forward the lease exchange.
Gunnison Energy “is concerned that merely having gas operations within the TDC area boundary will lead to permitting delays and increased environmental compliance costs,” Robinson said in the recent letter to Bennet.
“With the change in boundary and the assurances I have received concerning our continued normal operations in this area, I support passage of the act,” he wrote.
David Ludlam, executive director for the West Slope Colorado Oil and Gas Association, said it’s important to make a distinction between withdrawal areas from future development, which his organization opposes, and the latest lease exchange proposal.
“They are conflating two issues here,” Ludlam said of the separate efforts to meet the goals of the TDC.
“The lease swap is something everyone in our organization can agree on, but it’s a different issue (from withdrawal),” he said.
Ludlam also criticized the TDC for adjusting the boundaries of the area it seeks to protect for what he called “political convenience.”
Meanwhile, Gunnison County Commission Chairwoman Paula Swenson reiterated support for the latest negotiated agreement and other attempts to protect the Thompson Divide and other sensitive lands in the region.
“We support this commonsense compromise, which helps to balance our needs for energy production and conservation,” Swenson said in the TDC release. “We’re glad to have Gunnison Energy’s support for the Thompson Divide Withdrawal and Protection Act.
“This shows that when all parties come to the table, in good faith, we can work together to achieve a balance that meets the needs of stakeholders on both sides of the table,” she said.
TDC board member Jason Sewell, a fifth-generation rancher in the Crystal River Valley, also endorsed the compromise regarding the boundary adjustment.
“As ranchers and small business owners, we understood that we wouldn’t get everything we originally wanted,” he said. “That’s just not how negotiations work.”
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User Legend: Moderator Trusted User
After a local District Court judge issued what amounts to an eviction notice Monday, former Aspen mayoral candidate Lee Mulcahy said he’s giving up his standoff with the local housing authority and leaving town. | <urn:uuid:60b770f8-9dcb-4de4-9ffd-dd267b3c90b1> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.postindependent.com/news/local/regional-negotiations-lead-to-thompson-divide-boundary-adjustment/ | 2021-03-09T11:19:50Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178389798.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20210309092230-20210309122230-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.951871 | 1,098 | [
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A new decade-old malware that Symantec is calling ‘groundbreaking and almost peerless’ has emerged. It’s customisable, and they reckon the main purpose of the malware is intelligence gathering. What’s even more interesting is that experts reckon it’s been born out of the labs of a Western intelligence agency; which could potentially implicate the notorious NSA or even our own GCHQ.
Regin is a massively sophisticated piece of malware which – as of yet – has no current victims from the Five Eyes countries (a treaty for joint cooperation in signals intelligence between UK, US, Aus, NZ, Canada). The top two countries targeted were Russia and Saudi Arabia and whilst we still don’t know for definite where it came from, some experts are saying it may have been from Western governments for surveillance purposes. The reasoning behind this it’s thought that there are only a few countries capable of creating something as complex as Regin; and as security experts F-Secure, who first found Regin on a Windows server inside a customer’s IT infrastructure, don’t seem to think it’s China or Russia, that would pretty much leave the US, UK or Israel as likely candidates.
It looks like it’s not designed for nabbing mass data as much as keeping an eye on a small number of targets. Apparently there have only been around 100 victims found since it emerged in 2008, including government bodies and small businesses, academics and individuals. It’s made up of a whole mixed bag of badness, including some Remote Access Trojans (RAT) capturing screenshots and taking control of the mouse’s point-and-click functions; it also steals passwords, monitors web activity and can get to deleted files, amongst other fun things.
Microsoft haven’t commented yet and turns out security companies have been keeping schtum too, even though several – including Symantec (who have now released a whitepaper on it) and Russian firm Kaspersky – have known about it for a while. Symantec suggested they didn’t feel comfortable publishing details about it ‘til now, and Kaspersky seemed to have only published a report after they thought a competitor was going to beat them to it. Fox IT said that they didn’t want to interfere with NSA/GCHQ business, which is an interesting response given the recent privacy debate surrounding them.
As it’s highly targeted malware it’s not something that most people will need to worry about, according to experts, but security firms will be adding it to their watch list to try and start getting rid. And – as always – good security practice is encouraged!
If you have any questions about our security solutions take a look at our website or give us a call on 0208 045 4945. | <urn:uuid:4612ea8b-8850-4942-ba3c-e44d9380d274> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.ukfast.co.uk/blog/2014/12/03/the-worrying-origins-of-regin-malware/ | 2021-03-09T11:03:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178389798.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20210309092230-20210309122230-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.967971 | 591 | [
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What is MyClass?
|MyClass is a gateway to the new provincial Student Information System that will enable parents/guardians to connect directly with their child's teachers. This gateway is a separate system from the school district Parent Portal. The Maple Ridge – Pitt Meadows School District will continue to use the Parent Portal for field trip notices, policy permissions, school & class announcements, school newsletters, kindergarten and grade 8 registration, absence reporting, etc.
You will require a separate login for the MyClass gateway. Once your child's school begins to use MyClass, MyEducation BC will email you your login information for this system. Please take a moment to ensure your child's school has your up-to-date email address on file so that you receive your login information.
Accessing the MyClass Site
- Visit www.myeducation.gov.bc.ca/aspen
- Make sure popups are enabled for your browser. Enabling popups in Google Chrome
- Your user name will be emailed to you when your account is created
- This email will also contain your password
NOTE: Both user name and password are case sensitive
- Enter your user name and password then click Log On to access the system. You will be prompted to change your password, and fill out some information so that in the future you can click "I forgot my password" to receive a new password.
MyClass Site Features
Resources for Parents
- For more information please refer to the Parent Brochure
- Guide for parents logging into MyClass for the first time
- Guide for Elementary Parents
- Guide for Secondary Parents
MyClass Site Features
MyClass accounts to be disabled July 31, 2022
Please note that all parent and student MyClass accounts will be disabled on July 31, 2022, to allow for system archiving and school scheduling.
The system will not be accessible until accounts are reactivated on the dates below. (Please note that 2021/22 report cards will not be accessible after July 31, 2022.)
- 8:00 am, Wednesday, September 7,2022, for students in grades 8 – 12;
- 8:00 am, Monday, September 19, 2022, for all parent accounts.
All student MyClass accounts will be reset with a temporary password and your SD42 primary student email address. This is your Office 365 email ([email protected]).
Your MyClass login information will be sent to that email address no later than Friday, September 2, 2022. | <urn:uuid:8a08b2ea-a44e-4d54-9b0c-a2e2ff25a9fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://myedbc.sd42.ca/myclass/ | 2022-09-24T15:18:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030331677.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220924151538-20220924181538-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.884321 | 550 | [
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At TCBC, we believe in the power of prayer. It is our privilege to pray for you, and to have you join us in praying for those in need.
Pray With Us
Wednesday evenings, 7-8 p.m
Spend time praising God together, confessing our sins to Him and interceding for the needs of the church, the nation and each other.
Connect With a Shepherd
Want to pray with a shepherd? Submit a request below, a Shepherd will connect with you soon.
Guide to Prayer Walking
Never gone on a Prayer Walk before but interested in learning more?
Download our guide and start walking!
You can submit a prayer request by clicking the ‘Share Your Prayer Request’ button below.
Your prayer request can be:
- Public, and named
- Public, but anonymous
- for leaders only, not to be posted online
You can also choose to be notified when someone prays for you.
Let others know you prayed by clicking on the ‘I Prayed For This’ button.
You may add your prayer request to our prayer wall using the form below. Once your prayer request is received, we will share it according to your instructions. Feel free to submit as many prayer requests as you like!
Thank you for prayers for friend's immunocompromised daughter who was exposed to Covid. She is maintaining her medical condition and did not get Covid, which would be very life threatening to her. We are very thankful for the Lord's protection!
Received: September 19, 2022
Hi church family! Our son, Theo (age 5), suffered a traumatic cataract in his right eye back in July. After a series of tests we discovered that the sight in the right eye is impaired and will require surgery in which an artificial lens will be placed in the eye in order for vision to be restored.
We are headed to Indianapolis on Tuesday for his surgery. While pediatric cataracts sometimes happen it isn't ideal that he will have to have an artificial lens/glasses to be able to see.
However, we are ever so grateful that this kind of option is available and his vision will be able to be restored, Lord willing!
Specific prayer requests:
1. Lord, be with the hands of the surgeon and the team that is caring for Theo. Let the surgery be routine and without complication. Praying for no adverse side effects from anesthesia.
2. Lord, be with Matt and I as we are traveling with Theo over the next several weeks (with many followups) to our Pediatric Othomologist in Indy. Praying for safe travel and peaceful spirits.
3. Lord, be with our other 3 kids (and animals) while they have varying routines since we will be gone for a couple of nights.
4. Praying for a miraculous recovery with no complications and injury. Pray that we can keep Theo still long enough for his eye to heal properly and cause no further damage! Matt and I are leaving on an anniversary trip 2.5 weeks from now so there is some anxiety about his healing while we are away.
5. Theo will need glasses at the end of this process but our big prayer is that he will only need them for reading.
Thank you for praying friends! His surgery is scheduled for 12:30 EST on Tuesday, September 13
Received: September 12, 2022
Previously, I've asked for prayers for my sister's brain cancer; but now she is not suffering. Katy died during the night, recently. Pray for Terry Stange, her husband's comfort, and that her funeral in Maine will be a witness to her faith in Jesus. Thank you for your prayers from 13 months ago when she had her brain surgery. We have had several family trips to see them since then, and the opportunity to make more memories. God is good, yes always good!
Received: August 24, 2022
Please pray for my friend with brain cancer - she is getting chemo treatments now and it is very difficult with side effects of nausea. Please pray for God's mercy and miraculous healing power to eliminate the cancer completely and allow her to live a long life. Pray for wisdom for me in reaching out with God's Good News to try and encourage her - and I also want to write some encouragement to her mother who is caring for her all the time.
Received: August 14, 2022
Thanking God that Micah arrived home safely and that the trip was mostly uneventful. Also praising God that my mom and her friend are both still Covid-free (and Doug and I have passed Day 5!) | <urn:uuid:07259b1f-c12d-472c-b502-6f47e93a368e> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://tcbc.cc/prayer/ | 2022-09-24T16:13:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030331677.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220924151538-20220924181538-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.972005 | 969 | [
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Made To Order
The NEVER SAID rug is a stylish printed accent rug that was designed by Alessandra Baldereschi in 2018 and is made from 80% wool and 20% polyamide.
Although it appears to be a crumpled-up piece of paper that has been reopened, it is instead a unique decorative piece that will add style to any room.
Fill out the form below for more information.
Material: Wool, Synthetic Fabric
Dimensions (cm): H 200.0 x W 300.0
Dimensions (in): H 78.7 x W 118 | <urn:uuid:78c067fe-d1da-43e8-a0f1-51ab6badd633> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://designitaly.com/products/rug-never-said-alessandra-baldereschi | 2022-09-25T23:24:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030334620.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220925225000-20220926015000-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.933467 | 130 | [
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What is the Lang System?
The Lang System is a massage technique specific to dog anatomy and physiology. Developed by Joanne Lang, a Master Certified Massage Therapist (MCMT), this technique is a unique combination of observation, massage, and exercise:
- Observation – How does the dog move? What is its posture?
- Massage – How to best apply massage in the areas that will be most effective for each dog.
- Exercise – How to use exercise to enhance movement and complement the massage.
In developing the Lang System, Joanne saw a genuine need to consider the entire dog, not just one specific area. Just as important was to create a method that would proactively address future issues a dog might face, preparing it for whatever work or challenges it may encounter.
“Many times, when we look at an animal, we miss much of the picture. I teach how to look at a dog’s overall balance and structure and understand how it is all tied together.” – Joanne Lang | <urn:uuid:da68864c-1d56-451d-8978-347beafa2af9> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://www.dogmassage.com/lang-system/ | 2022-09-25T23:26:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030334620.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220925225000-20220926015000-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.938725 | 213 | [
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*Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX) is speaking out about how the new Texas congressional map carves up her district, pitting her against her neighboring Black incumbent, Rep. Al Green (D) in the primary election.
Here’s more from The Washington Post:
Jackson Lee, 71, is the second-longest-serving member from the Texas delegation, having represented the 18th District for nearly three decades. Since it was won by Barbara Jordan in 1972, the first Black woman to represent the state, the boundaries have largely remained the same. But now, Texas Republicans in charge of redistricting have advanced a map that would remove downtown Houston, with Jackson Lee’s main office, two universities and the predominantly Black Third Ward neighborhood, considered the center of Black life in Houston, from the 18th District.
“I’m very hurt,” Green, 74, said in an interview with The Post. “I’ve lived long enough to see change and progress. This is a retrogression that takes us back to a time when persons who had the authority could abuse that authority with impunity, I just hope that this is not just the case.”
Critics of the redistricting plan say it’s a racial gerrymander intended to weaken Black voices in Congress, per the report.
Texas state Rep. Ron Reynolds (D), said in a statement that “now the fight will be to keep the amendment on [the map] that corrected the pairing of Congressman Al Green and Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee.”
Per The Post, Green and Jackson Lee appealed to the Texas Republicans in a Sept. 29 letter, calling the new lines an “act of racial discrimination.” Despite their efforts, the map was sent to the House redistricting committee the next day. The map has already passed the Senate.
In an interview Sunday with Inside Texas Politics, Jackson Lee said she will run “to represent the people of the 18th Congressional District.”
“Whatever the 18th Congressional District looks like, I will offer myself to be a servant to those individuals to those voters, and I’ll take my chances with the voters,” Jackson Lee said.
“This was purposeful racial gerrymandering, which is very shameful in 2021,” said Jackson Lee. “I am stunned, we are hurt, but we’re not giving up.”
Texas state Rep. Chris Turner, the Texas House Democratic Caucus chairman, said in a statement that Democrats will challenge the map in court.
“Make no mistake — this redistricting plan will undoubtedly land Texas in court once again, and the very Texans who have been denied fair representation will also be on the hook for the legal costs of defending this map,” Turner said.
“The consideration of redistricting priorities and objectives which guided the approach to redistricting included complying with all applicable law, including the Constitution, the Voting Rights Act … preserving the cores of existing districts, creating geographically compact districts, addressing partisan considerations, protecting incumbents, and when it is possible, honoring requests made by incumbent members,” said state Rep. Todd Hunter (R). | <urn:uuid:a4d89826-5472-4689-9911-27a00a347095> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://eurweb.com/2021/10/20/rep-sheila-jackson-lee-reacts-to-texas-republicans-carving-up-her-district-racial-gerrymandering-video/ | 2022-09-27T09:06:08Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030334992.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220927064738-20220927094738-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.954646 | 667 | [
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Detecting Paired and Counterflow superfluidity via dipole oscillations
Anzi A. Hu, Ludwig G. Mathey, Eite Tiesinga, Ippei Danshita, Carl J. Williams, Charles W. Clark
We suggest an experimentally feasible procedure to observe paired and counterflow superfluidity in ultra-cold atom systems. We study the time evolution of one-dimensional mixtures of bosonic atoms in an optical lattice following an abrupt displacement of an additional weak confining potential. We find that the dynamic response of the paired superfluid phase for attractive inter-species interactions and the counterflow superfluid phase for repulsive interactions are qualitatively distinct and reflect the quasi long-range order that characterizes these states. These findings suggest a clear experimental procedure to detect these phases, and give an intuitive insight into their dynamics.
, Mathey, L.
, Tiesinga, E.
, Danshita, I.
, Williams, C.
and Clark, C.
Detecting Paired and Counterflow superfluidity via dipole oscillations, Physical Review A, [online], https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.84.041609
(Accessed September 28, 2022) | <urn:uuid:9e459f06-06b5-4811-9806-58d72005a0f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://www.nist.gov/publications/detecting-paired-and-counterflow-superfluidity-dipole-oscillations | 2022-09-28T15:38:56Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335257.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220928145118-20220928175118-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.795408 | 281 | [
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Lulu (as she takes a sip of chocolate cherry Baileys) “Dang it’s only 9 o’clock”
And that’d be AM not PM LOL
A little nip here and there never hurt anyone …. or
I stopped purchasing wine because not having a glass during my lunch hour had become too challenging. I never partook during my work day yet. And to make sure I stayed on the straight and narrow, I stopped buying. After all avoidance is the best risk mitigation technique. Am I right fellow CPCU’ers?
There is a certain lunch I have on Saturday afternoons that came into the weekday rotation now that I am home bound. This particular meal goes very well with my wine. I could still enjoy this every now and again. I think …. Not sure I want to find out though considering.
Most days I do okay. I’d be lying if I said things are always good. Extreme roller coaster of emotions yet I realize I am one of the fortunate. Avoidance works wonders for many things. Work is my distraction of choice. Plus I love my job which makes work fun. Laughter is a daily, many times hourly occurrence. Might be why I am out of sorts on this day off. Too much time to think.
Another perk for work is the healthy points mediation series and other assorted videos or challenges which are specifically geared to dealing with the pandemic. I have been moved to tears, happy ones and almost always feel better joining in. The walking meeting is a fave. Gets you up outta your space. There have been days I stayed in one place for 10 hours straight. That’s not good for anyone.
Things I never stopped doing:
- Showering nightly and general hygiene … this does not mean make-up
- Making my bed every morning
- Dressing in “street” clothes
- Walking every morning (might have skipped a day or two but never consecutive) Plus the goal was five days a week anyway
- Listening to music … some times obsessively
- For a time I could not read because of nerves and not being able to hold a thought in my head. But I am back having just completed “Ask Again, Yes” by Mary Beth Keane with “An American Marriage” by Tayari Jones in the hopper aka Kindle. #gratefulforsaplonlineservices
On that note, the book is calling my name. I have done what I set out to do which is clean house and make the cookie cake for Lulu’s partay. Rona style, less than 10, six feet apart, social distance feast. Ha! Time to veg out and finish my book.
As always, more to come. | <urn:uuid:1db18029-8559-4ed0-a10c-565ec2cad878> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://jilywily.wordpress.com/2020/08/07/day-drinking-rona-style/ | 2022-09-30T00:04:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335396.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220929225326-20220930015326-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.965852 | 587 | [
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Today marks the 41st anniversary of our marriage. OHD (Old Husband Dave aka Travel Dave etc) and I (aka the redhead etc) were married on a summer day in 1974.
He became an instant father when he married me. My 3-year-old son and I were a package deal. OHD never batted an eye. He became everything a father should be and legally adopted my son 2 years later.
Two more boys came along in the 70’s completing our family. OHD worked hard to support and take care of us.
The 80’s and 90’s were spent moving almost every two years for his job. We spent time in 5 or 6 different states (often moving to different cities within those states after a year or so). Each time the kids and I adjusted to a new environment, a new school, new friends.
Looking back, I think that time in our lives is the reason we have stayed married all these years. We are closer because we were each others support system.
Now, the kids are grown and living in different places. We have grandkids spread across the country.
The two of us just spent 30 days living in a box on wheels. We managed not to kill each other and even managed to stay civil (ok there were a few moments but hey…).
I think this marriage is going to make it.
(And Happy Anniversary OHD, Travel Dave, AiHP Dave, Planning Dave, etc. I love you) | <urn:uuid:4af46cff-36a5-4315-800f-55c7c4ad7447> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://rambleinthebramble.com/2015/06/22/the-rv-series_-parked-in-newport-after-41-years-and-30-days-in-a-bbow-i-love-him-still/ | 2022-10-01T08:51:50Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335573.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20221001070422-20221001100422-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.982728 | 315 | [
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Missouri Priority Topic Investments
Click on any of the tabs below to learn more about each topic.
Missouri Overdose Investment Snapshot
Combatting the current overdose crisis is a priority for the agency. This page provides an overview of the FY21 CDC Injury Center (NCIPC) overdose investments for the state of Missouri.
There were 91,799 drug overdose deaths in the United States in 2020 (28.3 deaths per 100,000 standard population), a stark 30% increase from 2019. Approximately 75% of drug overdose deaths in 2020 involved an opioid, with synthetic opioids (e.g., illicitly manufactured fentanyls) accounting for more than 80% of all opioid-involved deaths. Drug overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids increased by 55% and deaths involving psychostimulants (e.g., methamphetamine) increased by 47% from 2019 to 2020. Drug overdose deaths involving cocaine also increased by 22%.
In 2020 in Missouri there were:
overdose deaths per 100,000 people (age-adjusted)
Source: NVSS – Drug Overdose Deaths
Overdose Data to Action (OD2A)
Public Health and Public Safety
*average award amount
Examples of How Missouri Is Working to Prevent Overdose
Missouri linked fatal overdose data with the Department of Corrections’ prison and probation release data to increase data quality, target the delivery of treatment to people at high risk of overdose, and understand overdose trends in these populations.
Data to action
Missouri modernized its opioid dashboard, which is customizable by county and informs decision-making within local jurisdictions. In addition, Missouri trained school staff on administering naloxone and improved school-based surveillance so the state can more effectively identify schools in need of intervention.
CDC Overdose Prevention Strategies
CDC’s Injury Center plays a critical role in addressing the drug overdose epidemic by driving progress in the five strategic priorities that guide CDC’s response framework for preventing overdoses.
Missouri Suicide Prevention Investment Snapshot
Preventing suicide is a priority for the agency. This page provides an overview of the FY21 CDC Injury Center (NCIPC) suicide prevention investments for the state of Missouri.
Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States. It was responsible for almost 46,000 deaths in 2020, which is about one death every 11 minutes. The number of people who think about or attempt suicide is even higher. In 2020, 12.2 million American adults seriously thought about suicide, 3.2 million planned a suicide attempt, and 1.2 million attempted suicide.
In 2020 in Missouri there were:
suicide deaths per 100,000 people (age-adjusted)
Source: Suicide Rates by State (cdc.gov)
Examples of How Missouri Is Working to Prevent Suicide
Upstream suicide prevention
The Mission Continues, a veteran serving organization, is developing a stronger ability to identify more specific pathways to upstream suicide prevention. To do so, they are identifying and implementing interventions to lessen harm to individuals who have higher risk factors related to suicide and developing a research-informed strategy to increase the number of program graduates who join a platoon leadership team.
CDC Suicide Prevention Strategies
Suicide is preventable and there is no single cause, so prevention requires addressing the multiple factors linked to suicide at the individual, relationship, community, and societal levels. As such, CDC is leading a comprehensive approach to suicide prevention. Such an approach aims to prevent people from becoming suicidal in the first place and support people at increased risk. CDC uses data to track and monitor suicide trends, research possible risks and what works to prevent them, and help communities put proven suicide prevention strategies into place.
CDC’s Suicide Prevention Technical Package pdf icon[PDF – 62 pages] outlines seven strategies that are based on the best available evidence to help communities and states focus on prevention activities with the greatest potential to prevent suicide.
- Near Real-Time SurveillanceImproving surveillance – collecting better and more timely data is also an important strategy to better understand, monitor, and prevent suicide and suicidal behavior. Expanding surveillance of nonfatal suicide-related outcomes (e.g., suicide attempts, suicide ideation) can help improve timeliness of data, identify spikes, and inform prevention and response. | <urn:uuid:6c6ef1b7-3521-4d2b-9735-b0571e805ff0> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://www.cdc.gov/injury/budget/policystatesnapshots/missouri.html | 2022-10-01T09:22:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335573.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20221001070422-20221001100422-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.906611 | 922 | [
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Cynthia D’Aprix Sweeney did everything exactly as it should be done for her novel The Nest, and the result is an amateur first novel that is more eager than earnest.
The Nest is about the four bickering, entitled, petulant Plumb siblings promised a modest inheritance ($50,000 each – the “Nest”), which grew through (someone else’s) good management into $500,000 each. And yet they whine about possibly getting only $50,000 (the original – and intentioned – sum) at the end of it.
The reason for the Nest dwindling back to its original sum is the legal settlement from eldest sibling Leo’s car accident, which payed off Matilda Rodriguez, victim-cum-amputee (never mind her own culpability in giving Leo the hand job while he was driving or in overlooking the fact that Leo was buzzed and yet still thinking riding with him was a sound idea.)
Leo screwed up, and he drained the Nest. The other Plumb children had stacked their expenses alongside the half-mil sum and now find themselves unable to relinquish certain hopes and dreams they’d wanted to pursue.
Sweeney could have made her first novel a reaming of Americans’ inability to live within their means, accompanied by the constant whine of First World Problems. It could have been a funny novel and a satiric powerhouse. Instead, Sweeney’s characters in The Nest are flat and given the superficial treatment. They’re larger than life in the way that caricatures are larger than life. Even the caricature artist can turn a good business – but for that the pen strokes have to be good.
But the “rules” of novel writing show through in the novel’s structure, and Sweeney’s prose sometimes belies the probable reach for a thesaurus (I know it sounds fancier, but “purview” ≠ “view,” and when your writing is usually conversational, the use of the 4th or 5th definition of a word stands out terribly: a “premeditated” pregnancy is technically correct, but…) There isn’t any innovation in the writing and, unless your own life dovetails with those of her selfish mid-forties New Yorker protagonists, you likely won’t find reason to care about them.
Unfortunately for Sweeney’s novel, good (or at least three-dimensional) characters are the only thing that could make this story not vapid.
The Nest does show in a cosmetic way our now all-too-common habit of living beyond our means, not because there’s any joy in it but because we’re forever trying to keep up with the Joneses. Sweeney, however, doesn’t have the acetic wit that Edith Wharton had, and what we’re left with is Melody Plumb, a pathetic character if viewed beside Wharton’s equally desperate, equally privileged, but much more sympathetic Lily Bart or Undine Spragg. Still, we know Melody is the type who shops at Banana Republic when what she can afford is Walmart and so she blanches at the prices – before sighing and inevitably handing over her card.
The other Plumbs are just as flimsy in character. Jack Plumb and his husband Walker, high off the excitement of sexual freedom, made their love exclusive in large part because of the risks involved during the height of the AIDS epidemic. Sweeney only glosses over this. There aren’t any fraught paragraphs about what it might have been like to be gay and in love when your friends are falling one by one and homophobia was even more pronounced than it is today. As with any of the characters in The Nest, there is no depth to their story.
Bea Plumb is a has-been writer trying to make a comeback. She’s also self-congratulatory. Other characters it seems Sweeney created just so that Bea could sound off or perform some silly feat of revenge: sure, if you’re in your 40s and have only negative gossip to share, then yes, you’re mean and immature – but stealing a plate of fancy cookies with an ornery look of “that’s right, bitch” (as Bea does) only puts you on the same level of immaturity and to the point where I just might have to look at the gossipers with a higher level of respect because at least they’re entertaining. The level of cope is off the charts.
Maybe had Sweeney pushed her Plumbs to ripen a bit over the course of her novel they’d be more enjoyable or at least more real. But instead The Nest is full of extraneous characters, some of whom seem included for the sake of diversity, however clichéd: the Italian owner of a pizza restaurant (who also happens to be an amputee with anger management issues); the homosexual thread that she carries out on both the male and female fronts; the fact that Matilda Rodriguez, victim of Leo’s car accident, is in the States illegally; the soapbox feminism she has Stephanie perform near the end of her pregnancy…the Plumb family gets ushered to the side to make room for these other people whose back stories have little to no bearing on the story and whose back stories, even as they’re included, are equally shallow.
The perspective in The Nest is always shifting, even within the same paragraph, and while a multiple point of view story can be interesting it’s only confusing when its author can’t handle the complexity that its writing demands. The oddball details, too – the bits of information that Sweeney plops down as an aside every so often to explain away a problem that she wrote herself into – get forgotten until once more she brings them to the rescue – read as highly improbable, their purposes being to fix rather than to elucidate.
After the character sketches, after the flat descriptions, after the impossible-made-possible little fixes there’s the ending. It’s tidy. It’s redemptive. It’s schmaltzy. It’s certainly quick: I guess deadline was fast approaching. It attempts to make a complete story arc for each of her characters (minor ones, too), but it’s too contrived and drips with forced optimism. Not every story needs to run as a closed circuit.
It’s clear from this first novel that Sweeney understands the rudiments of the novel if nothing else. After all, she wrote a good, believable baseline of a story for a couple of her characters (like Leo and Jack). The Nest is B-grade work that shows the author has potential if she can dive down farther and dare to be a little less correct.
The Nest · Cynthia D’Aprix Sweeney
Harper Collins, 2016 · 353 pages, paperback | <urn:uuid:73fba0eb-a145-4422-804a-992cf09a9a09> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://emhustad.com/2017/11/13/in-more-ways-than-one-an-empty-nest/ | 2022-10-04T00:28:20Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337446.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20221003231906-20221004021906-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.963731 | 1,457 | [
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The signature event will be a live performance of Cara Mia Theatre’s national touring production of “Ursula,” followed by a panel discussion. Frida Espinosa-Müller performs the one-woman show.
Media Contact: Cherie Yurco;
For immediate release — Sept. 8, 2022
(DALLAS) — Dallas College will host a series of events to commemorate Hispanic Heritage Month, Sept. 15 through Oct. 15, following this year’s theme: “Unidos: Inclusivity for a Stronger Nation.”
The signature event will be a live performance of Cara Mia Theatre’s national touring production of “Ursula,” followed by a panel discussion at Dallas College Eastfield Campus, room S100. Attendees to the Sept. 28 event should be seated by 11:50 a.m. for a performance that begins promptly at noon. The one-person show is written, directed and performed by Frida Espinosa-Müller and has been hailed by critics as an imaginative and revealing way of drawing attention to a decades-long immigration struggle at the U.S.-Mexico border.
Telling the story of 7-year-old Nadia, Espinosa-Müller takes audiences through the mind of a child crossing the border for a better life who is traumatized after being separated from her mother. The subsequent panel will be moderated by Dallas College history professor Vanessa Mercado-Taylor and include Espinosa-Müller.
At other times during the monthlong celebration, Dallas College Multicultural Affairs and Adelante Employee Resource Group will host additional live and streamed events, with streaming rooms set up for students at each campus.
“Hispanic Leaders: A Journey of Life and Leadership Through the Ages” (panel discussion)
Tuesday, Sept. 20, 1-3 p.m.
Dallas College North Lake Campus (Student Life/H200)
This event will feature an engaging panel discussion and interactive community-led talk on topics such as culture, gender-based expectations, family, career and triumph. Panelists will include prominent Hispanic figures from within Dallas County and key leaders from Dallas College. Dallas College board trustee Diana Flores and Chair Monica Lira Bravo will serve as core panelists.
Watch the panel discussion online.
“Afrolatinidades: A Celebration of Black Empowerment and Advocacy in Latin America”
Thursday, Sept. 27, 11:30 a.m.-1:30 p.m.
This interactive conversation facilitated by Dr. Talia Weltman-Cisneros will explore creative spaces that empower and celebrate Afro-Latin American identity and culture. Discussions will include social justice projects that have championed calls for empowerment across Black communities in Latin America as well as how the creative arts celebrate and uplift Black history and identity in Mexico. You may
join this event on Webex.
Frida Espinosa-Müller wrote, directed and performs in "Ursula," the story of a child crossing the U.S.-Mexico border.
“Hispanic Identity in the Arts”
Monday, Oct. 3, 11:30 a.m.-1:30 p.m.
This panel will comprise representatives of various artistic genres. Discussion will include the local Hispanic identity in music, dance, and visual and performing arts. You may
join this event on Webex.
Hispanic Community Leaders Panel
Thursday, Oct. 13,
To close out Hispanic Heritage Month, Dallas College board trustee Diana Flores will moderate a panel of regional leaders from government, economic and nonprofit organizations: Rebecca Acuña, director of government affairs at PepsiCo; Rep. Terry Meza, Texas District 105; Debbie Renteria, trustee, Richardson ISD; Dr. Macario Hernandez, chief of staff, UNT Dallas and lead for the National Latino Education Research and Policy Project’s Grow-Your-Own Teacher initiative; and Lorena Tule-Romain, co-founder and COO of ImmSchools. The session will highlight Hispanic community member contributions as a socioeconomic and political force in the region as well as the leadership and professional journeys of panelists.
Register for this online event.
During the monthlong celebration, Dallas College Multicultural Affairs will organize additional student-focused events. Each campus will host a Hispanic Cultural Celebration with food, games and prizes, and there are Zumba dance sessions scheduled. A group of students will travel to the Latino Cultural Center in Dallas to visit the exhibit “Yanga and the AfroMexican Experience.” A Mexican national hero, Gaspar Yanga created the first free Black settlement in the Americas.
For more information, please visit the Dallas College
Hispanic Heritage Month webpage. You can find
directions to Dallas College campuses through our College Locations webpage.
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But what about 2018? Has the equation changed?
I would say that the product has become more important for building a business and having success. People have been conditioned to consume better products.
Even many of the hypey Clickbank products have vanished.
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We are offering timber.heartwood is pinkish to lighmid brown, darker in older mature trees. The timber is hard and heavy but can be a little brittle. Grain is astraight with a fine even texture. There is little degrade during appropirate kilning, but it can show a tendency towards warping when air dried. An excellent timber for domestic and kitchen items, a delight to turn and carve, also a firm favourite for quality furniture construction. Workability machines & turns well works well with hand tools. Finishing takes an excellent polish, dyes easily. A medium to large tree reaches a hight of 25-30m a diameter of 0.6-1.5m. Heartwood is cream to olive-brown. Large logs often have an olive heart which is irregular and streaked. Sapwood in smaller logs is usually not distinguishable from the heartwood. Straight to wavy grain, coarse texture, very tough and elastic. Dries rapidly with only slight checking. Work ability machines and turns well. A very good wood to turn, ideal for larger bowls finishing takes an excellent polish, good for colouring effects. | <urn:uuid:a86249a1-9555-432a-9406-132e820bf4f1> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | http://www.golmondinvestmentsltd.net/timber | 2022-10-05T09:49:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337595.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20221005073953-20221005103953-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.952161 | 234 | [
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