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Marziyeh Ashoori|Nasrin Omidvar|Hassan Eini–Zinab|Elham Shakibazadeh|Azam Doustmohamadian|Behnaz Abdar-Esfahani|Mohammad Reza Mazandaranian | Food and nutrition literacy status and its correlates in Iranian senior high-school students | 2,021 | National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|Tehran University of Medical Sciences|Iran University of Medical Sciences|National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences | abstract background planning interventions promote food nutrition literacy fnl require better understanding fnl status target group correlates aims study aimed examine fnl status determinants iranian senior highschool students methods crosssectional study fnl components food nutrition knowledge functional skills interactive skills advocacy critical analysis information food label reading skill evaluated locally designed validated selfadministered questionnaire besides socioeconomic demographic anthropometric measures well academic performance 626 senior highschool students assessed results mean sd total fnl score within potential range 0 100 521 1096 minimum adequate level 60 probability high fnl knowledge score significantly higher among students majored natural sciences 173 ci 109275 better school performance 113 ci 106120 higher ses score 120 ci 101144 score food label reading significantly lower girls 045 ci 031067 family member nutritionrelated disease likely higher score food label reading skill 148 ci 101164 conclusion level fnl senior highschool students tehran relatively low findings key messages education system curriculum designers consideration food nutritionrelated knowledge skills schools | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-023-00452-y |
Manja Lehmann|Josephine Barnes|Gerard R. Ridgway|Natalie S. Ryan|Elizabeth K. Warrington|Sebastian J. Crutch|Nick C. Fox | Global gray matter changes in posterior cortical atrophy: A serial imaging study | 2,012 | UK Dementia Research Institute|University College London|UK Dementia Research Institute|University College London|UK Dementia Research Institute|University College London|UK Dementia Research Institute|University College London|UK Dementia Research Institute|University College London|UK Dementia Research Institute|University College London|UK Dementia Research Institute|University College London | abstract background posterior cortical atrophy pca neurodegenerative condition predominantly associated alzheimers disease ad pathology crosssectional imaging studies shown different atrophy patterns pca patients compared typical amnestic alzheimers disease tad patients greatest atrophy commonly found posterior regions pca group whereas tad group atrophy prominent medial temporal lobe regions however differential longitudinal atrophy patterns well understood methods study assessed longitudinal changes brain gray matter volumes 17 pca patients 16 tad patients 18 healthy control subjects patient groups symptom durations approximately 5 years results progressive gray matter losses pca tad patients relatively widespread throughout cortex compared control subjects confined areas related initial symptomatology multivariate classification analysis revealed statistically significant group separation pca tad patients 727 accuracy p lt 01 conclusion progression initially focal presentation global pattern suggests different clinical presentations ad might converge pathologically time | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-10037-4 |
Niamh Ryder|William R. Cullen|Joseph Barry|Gerard Bury|Eamon Keenan|Bobby P Smyth | Prevalence of problem alcohol use among patients attending primary care for methadone treatment | 2,009 | Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital|Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital|Trinity College Dublin|Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital|Health Service Executive|Trinity College Dublin | abstract background problem alcohol use associated adverse health outcomes among current former heroin users primary care providing methadone treatment increasing numbers population study aimed todetermine prevalence problem alcohol use among current former heroin users attending primary care methadone treatment describe sociodemographic characteristics health service utilisation characteristics associated problem alcohol uses methods conducted cross sectional survey patients sampled national database patients attending general practice methadone treatment participants recruited general practitioner data collected using intervieweradministered questionnaire included alcohol use disorders identification test audit score gt7 considered abnormal ie audit positive cases sociodemographic medical substance use characteristics results interviewed 196 patients 71 invited 31 sampled 11 national database median age 32 years 55 hepatitis c positive 79 used illicit drugs previous month 68 male sixtyeight audit positive cases identified prevalence 35 95 ci 2841 likely attended local emergency department previous year p lt 005 less likely attended hospital clinic previous year p lt 005 twentyseven 14 scored 20 higher indicating possible alcohol dependence conclusion problem alcohol use high prevalence among current former heroin users attending primary care methadone treatment interventions address issue explored priority interventions address problem alcohol use population considered priority although complex medical psychological needs population may make challenging | https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.14201 |
At?f Rahman|Zafar Iqbal|Chris Roberts|Nusrat Husain | Cluster randomized trial of a parent?based intervention to support early development of children in a low?income country | 2,008 | University of Liverpool|Human Development Research Foundation|University of Manchester|University of Manchester | abstract background programmes promote early psychological development children developed world found beneficial however programmes rare underprivileged parts developing world adapted one parentbased programme learning play rural pakistani population aimed study 1 acceptable community health workers 2 programme led improvement period 6 months mothers knowledge attitudes early infant development 3 led reduction levels maternal mental distress postnatal period methods using cluster randomized design villages unit randomization 163 mothers 24 villages rural subdistrict rawalpindi pakistan received learning play programme whereas 146 mothers 24 villages acted controls twentyfour community health workers trained carry programme assessments conducted using specially developed 15item infant development questionnaire 20item selfreporting questionnaire srq results 80 community health workers trained found programme relevant able integrate routine work significant increase mothers knowledge positive attitudes infant development intervention group compared control group women intervention group answered correctly 43 95 ci 37149 p lt 0001 questions control group difference levels mental distress measured srq conclusions learning play programme successfully integrated existing health system accepted community health workers programme succeeded improving knowledge attitudes mothers infant development | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7693-1 |
Benjamin Littenberg|Charles D. MacLean | Intra-cluster correlation coefficients in adults with diabetes in primary care practices: the Vermont Diabetes Information System field survey | 2,006 | University of Vermont|University of Vermont | abstract background proper estimation sample size requirements clusterbased studies requires estimates intracluster correlation coefficient icc variables interest methods calculated icc 112 variables measured part vermont diabetes information system clusterrandomized study adults diabetes 73 primary care practices clusters vermont surrounding areas results iccs varied widely around median value 00185 interquartile range 0006 0037 characteristics proportion recent creatinine measurement highly associated practice icc 0288 others prevalence comorbidities complications certain aspects quality life varied much across patients small correlation within practices icclt0001 conclusion icc values reported may useful designing future studies use clustered sampling primary care practices | https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072x-4-12 |
Dragan Ili?|Walid Jammal|Pauline Chiarelli|Robert A. Gardiner|Suzanne Hughes|Dana Stefanovic|Suzanne Chambers | Assessing the effectiveness of decision aids for decision making in prostate cancer testing: a systematic review | 2,015 | Monash University|Western Sydney University|University of Sydney|University of Newcastle Australia|University of Queensland|Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital|Cancer Council Australia|Cancer Council Australia|University of Queensland|Griffith University|Cancer Council Queensland|Edith Cowan University|Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia | abstract background prostate cancer leading disease affecting men worldwide conflicting evidence within literature provides little guidance men contemplating whether screened prostate cancer systematic review aimed determine whether decision aids early detection prostate cancer improve patient knowledge decision making whether undergo prostatespecific antigen testing methods medline embase cinahl psychinfo cochrane database systematic reviews database abstracts reviews effects health technology assessment databases march 2014 searched included randomised controlled trials assessed methodological quality clinical selection assessment heterogeneity among studies prevented pooling data metaanalyses descriptive analyses included studies comparison performed results total 13 randomised controlled trials met inclusion criteria significant heterogeneity present design implementation decision aids including comparative interventions outcomes eight studies low methodological quality remaining five medium quality improvements patient knowledge following use decision aid demonstrated 11 13 included studies seven 10 studies demonstrated reduction decisional conflictdistress three four studies demonstrated difference decision aid information reducing decisional uncertainty three five studies demonstrated increase decisional satisfaction use decision aid conclusions decision aids increase patient knowledge confidence decision making prostate cancer testing research effective methods implementation needed copyright 2015 john wiley amp sons ltd | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-021-01483-w |
D. Edmund Anstey|Shuang Li|Laine Thomas|Tracy Y. Wang|Stephen D. Wiviott | Race and Sex Differences in Management and Outcomes of Patients After <scp>ST</scp>?Elevation and Non–<scp>ST</scp>?Elevation Myocardial Infarct: Results From the <scp>NCDR</scp> | 2,016 | Harvard University|Brigham and Women's Hospital|Duke University|Clinical Research Institute|Duke University|Clinical Research Institute|Duke University|Clinical Research Institute|Brigham and Women's Hospital|Harvard University | abstract background race sex shown affect management myocardial infarction mi however unclear disparities exist contemporary care stsegment elevation myocardial infarction stemi nonstsegment elevation myocardial infarction nstemi hypothesis disparities care less prevalent heavily protocoldriven management stemi less algorithmic care nstemi methods data collected action registrygwtg database assess care differences related race sex patients presenting nstemi stemi key treatments outcomes adjustments made including patient demographics baseline comorbidities markers socioeconomic status results key demographic variables demonstrate significant differences baseline comorbidities black patients higher incidences hypertension diabetes women frequently diabetes exceptions rates acute discharge medical therapy similar race sex category stemi nstemi populations rates catheterization similar race stemi nstemi black men women lower rates invasive therapy rates revascularization significantly lower black patients stemi nstemi groups regardless sex rates adverse events differed sex disparities death major bleeding adjustment rates similar race within sex comparisons conclusions contemporary cohort although differences race presentation management mi heavily protocoldriven processes seem show fewer racial disparities | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09329-6 |
Gregory Costain|Eva W.C. Chow|Peter N. Ray|Anne S. Bassett | Caregiver and adult patient perspectives on the importance of a diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome | 2,011 | University of Toronto|Centre for Addiction and Mental Health|University of Toronto|Centre for Addiction and Mental Health|Hospital for Sick Children|University of Toronto|University of Toronto|University Health Network|Centre for Addiction and Mental Health | abstract background recent advances genetics particularly relevant field intellectual disability id submicroscopic deletions duplications genetic material increasingly implicated known suspected causal factors datadriven reports impact providing aetiological explanation id needed help justify widespread use new expensive genetic technologies methods conducted survey caregivers value geneticaetiologic diagnosis 22q112 deletion syndrome 22q112ds common microdeletion syndrome id also surveyed opinion highfunctioning subset adults 22q112ds used standard quantitative qualitative methods analyse responses results total 73 118 surveys returned 619 convergence quantitative qualitative results consistency adult patient caregiver responses definitive molecular diagnosis 22q112ds critical event diverse positive repercussions even occurring later life frequently cited benefits included greater understanding certainty newfound sense purpose platform advocacy increased opportunities optimise medical social educational needs conclusions first study characterise impact diagnosis representative microdeletion syndrome adult patients families results validate expand theoretical benefits proposed clinicians researchers use genomewide microarray technologies provide increasing number molecular diagnoses importance diagnosis 22q112ds demonstrated therefore implications changing attitudes molecular genetic diagnosis could benefit individuals id currently unknown cause families | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-020-00293-3 |
Elisha Riggs|Sumaiya Muyeen|Stephanie Brown|Wendy Dawson|Pauline Petschel|Waan Tardiff|Fiona Norman|Dannielle Vanpraag|Jo Szwarc|Jane Yelland | Cultural safety and belonging for refugee background women attending group pregnancy care: An Australian qualitative study | 2,017 | Murdoch Children's Research Institute|University of Melbourne|Murdoch Children's Research Institute|Murdoch Children's Research Institute|University of Melbourne|Murdoch Children's Research Institute|Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia|Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia|Government of Victoria|Department of Education and Training|Murdoch Children's Research Institute|Myer Foundation|Murdoch Children's Research Institute|University of Melbourne | abstract background refugee women experience higher incidence childbirth complications poor pregnancy outcomes resettled refugee women often face multiple barriers accessing pregnancy care navigating health systems high income countries methods communitybased model group pregnancy care karen women burma codesigned health services consultation karen families melbourne australia focus groups conducted women participated explore experiences using program whether helped feel prepared childbirth going home new baby results nineteen women average time australia 43 years participated two focus groups women reported feeling empowered confident learning pregnancy childbirth group setting collective sharing stories facilitated environment allowed women feel prepared confident reassured greatest benefits coming storytelling peers developing trusting relationships team professionals women able communicate language women also discussed pivotal role bicultural worker multidisciplinary care team challenges hospital labor birth reported included lack professional interpreters lack privacy conclusion group pregnancy care potential increase refugee background womens access pregnancy care information sense belonging cultural safety using services preparation labor birth care newborn | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-021-00459-x |
Leonie T Jonker|Matthijs Plas|Geertruida H. de Bock|Erik Buskens|Barbara L. van Leeuwen|Maarten Lahr | Remote Home Monitoring of Older Surgical Cancer Patients: Perspective on Study Implementation and Feasibility | 2,020 | University Medical Center Groningen|University of Groningen|University Medical Center Groningen|University of Groningen|University Medical Center Groningen|University of Groningen|University Medical Center Groningen|University of Groningen|University Medical Center Groningen|University of Groningen|University Medical Center Groningen|University of Groningen | abstract background remote home monitoring might fill perceived surveillance gap hospital discharge however unclear whether older oncologic patients able use required new digital technologies study aimed assess feasibility postoperative remote home monitoring population methods observational cohort study recruited patients aged 65 years older scheduled oncologic surgery study patients used mobile application activity tracker preoperatively 3 months postoperatively subset patients used additional devices thermometer blood pressure monitor weight scale completed electronic health questionnaires 2 weeks hospital discharge feasibility assessed study completion rate compliance using components information technology system acceptability net promotor score nps usability system usability scale sus nps score varied 100 100 sus higher 68 considered average results 47 participants mean age 72 years range 6585 years 37 completed followup assessment yielding completion rate 79 compliance using activity tracker n 41 occurred median 81 days interquartile range iqr 7090 days 90 postdischarge days compliance measuring vital signs completing health questionnaires varied median 105 days iqr 45140 days 12 days iqr 514 days 14 days nps 297 mean sus 744 193 conclusion older oncologic patients study considered postoperative home monitoring acceptable usable consented participate patients compliant completion rate high | https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1217 |
Mohamed El-Khorazaty|Allan A. Johnson|Michele Kiely|Ayman El?Mohandes|Siva Subramanian|Haziel Laryea|Kennan Murray|Jutta Thornberry|Jill G. Joseph | Recruitment and retention of low-income minority women in a behavioral intervention to reduce smoking, depression, and intimate partner violence during pregnancy | 2,007 | RTI International|Howard University|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development|George Washington University|Washington University Medical Center|Georgetown University|Howard University|RTI International|Children's National | abstract background researchers frequently encountered difficulties recruitment retention minorities resulting underrepresentation clinical trials report describes successful strategies recruitment retention african americans latinos randomized clinical trial reduce smoking depression intimate partner violence pregnancy sociodemographic characteristics risk profiles retained vs nonretained women lost followup vs droppedout women presented addition subgroups pregnant women less likely retained identified methods pregnant african american women latinas washington dc residents aged 18 years 28 weeks gestational age less recruited six prenatal care clinics potentially eligible women screened sociodemographic eligibility presence selected behavioral psychological risks using audio computerassisted selfinterview eligible women consented participate completed baseline telephone evaluation enrolled study randomly assigned either intervention usual care group results 1398 eligible women 1191 85 agreed participate study 1191 women agreeing participate 1070 completed baseline evaluation enrolled study randomized recruitment rate 90 enrolled 1044 african american women total 849 women completed study retention rate 79 five percent dropped 12 losttofollow women retained study retained statistically different regard sociodemographic characteristics targeted risks retention strategies included financial incentives regular updates contact information tracked monitored computerized data management system available project staff attention cultural competence implementation study procedures appropriately selected trained supervised staff single less educated alcohol drug users nonworking nonwic women represent minority women expected low retention rates conclusion conclude targeted recruitment retention strategies minority women participate high rates behavioral clinical trials also found women drop different women lost followup require different strategies optimize completion study | https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-3-12 |
Dimpal Dekaraja|Ratul Mahanta | Riverbank erosion and migration inter-linkage: with special focus on Assam, India | 2,021 | Gauhati University|Gauhati University | abstract background riverbank erosion becomes vulnerable phenomenon bank brahmaputra river tributaries around 17 riverine districts assam affected riverbank erosion lost large plot land due riverbank erosion victims loss homestead crop land well survival strategy eroded areas moreover farmers largely affected due riverbank erosion loss sources income forces farmer migrate another place survival paper examines linkage river bank erosion migration based secondary information method examine linkage information collected government published sources census india statistical handbook assam basis information 10 indicators constructed 26 variables factor analysis method applied examine linkage riverbank erosion migration results four variables agricultural worker industrial worker cropped area livestock population loaded first factor first factor labeled socioeconomic indicator case second factor two variables ie migrational growth index mgi urban population loaded basis loaded variables factor labeled demographic indicator case third factor also two variables loaded natural growth index ngi literacy rate loaded variables indicate ngi literacy rate positively related two variables loaded fourth factor ie river bank eroded area district population growth factor labeled environmental indicator basis variables loaded factor factor correlation matrix indicates opposite relation first fourth factor conclusion results obtained factor component analysis reveals first fourth factor component mainly established linkage riverbank erosion migration besides component correlation matrix also reveals interlinkage variables thus say positive relation riverbank erosion migration however interpret farmers mostly affected due riverbank erosion migrate inhabitants floodplain areas farmers | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00211-w |
Nazish Imran|At?f Rahman|Nakhshab Chaudhry|Aftab Asif | Effectiveness of a school-based mental health intervention for school teachers in urban Pakistan: a randomized controlled trial | 2,022 | King Edward Medical University|Mayo Hospital|University of Liverpool|King Edward Medical University|Mayo Hospital|King Edward Medical University | abstract background schools major role promoting childrens physical psychological health wellbeing mental health literacy key stakeholders especially teachers critical achieving goal teachers knowledge beliefs psychological problems influence way deal students mental health issues study preliminary investigation evaluating effectiveness feasibility school mental health programme smhp developed world health organizations eastern mediterranean regional office whoemro improving mental health literacy selfefficacy among school teachers innercity area urban lahore methods teachers randomly assigned 3 days standardized whoemro school mental health manual based intervention n 118 wait list delayed intervention control group n 113 teachers assessed pre post training 3 months follow using measures mental health literacy primary outcome selfefficacy school heads completed school psychosocial profile students reported socioemotional skills psychological problems using strengths difficulties questionnaire baseline 3 months post intervention results compared waitlist group teachers intervention group presented significant increase mental health literacy f 2181 892 p lt 0001 well better teachers selfefficacy classroom management student engagement f 2181 1645 p 0000 f 2181 465 p 0011 respectively increase confidence helping students mental health problems also noted intervention arm f 2181 1596 p 0000 improvement overall school environment also found statistical difference emotional behavioural difficulties students noticed 3 months conclusion study one first preliminary investigation whoemro school mental health intervention pakistan study showed intervention led significant improvement mental health literacy selfefficacy among teachers largely sustained time despite major limitation lack clustering likely contamination affecting follow outcomes study showed promising results context mental health promotion prevention early intervention schools lahore pakistan larger cluster randomised trial justified given level participant engagement acceptability schools trail registration clinicaltrialsgov registry nct02937714 registered 13th october 2016 httpsregisterclinicaltrialsgov | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-023-04579-5 |
Dangui Zhang|Weixin Zhan|Chunwen Zheng|Jinsheng Zhang|Anqi Huang|Shuan Hu|William Ba?Thein | Online health information-seeking behaviors and skills of Chinese college students | 2,021 | Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College|Shantou University|Shantou University|Shantou University Medical College|Shantou University|Shantou University Medical College|Shantou University|Shantou University Medical College|Shantou University|Shantou University Medical College|Shantou University|Shantou University Medical College|Shantou University|Shantou University Medical College | abstract background seeking online health information ohi become common practice globally information seekers could face health risks proficient ohi literacy ohiseeking behaviors skills chinese college students largest proportion college students world understudied study aimed describe ohiseeking behaviors skills college students guangdong china methods college students guangdong province ohiseeking experience invited via wechat qq sina weibo using qr code posters flyers participation online anonymized questionnairebased study data demographics ohi literacy information resources search approaches behaviors collected relationship perceived ohi literacy highrisk behaviors investigated bivariate logistic regression analysis results respondents 1203 college students mean age 206 years females 602 undergraduates 972 sought health information via websites 203 wechat 26 771 baidu main search engine baikebaiducom 803 zhihucom 484 zhidaobaiducom 358 top three among 20 searched websites information selfcare 807 general health 795 disease prevention 777 selfmedication 612 family treatment 409 drugs 377 western medications 266 hospitals 227 physicians 214 traditional chinese medicine 156 despite respondents 78 lacked confidence evidence quality satisfaction results 324 consulted doctors many gt 50 would recommend retrieved information others 20 experienced hackinginternet fraud cronbachs alpha internal consistency ohi literacy 0786 bivariate logistic regression analysis showed students believed judge evidence level ohi likely selfdiagnose 22 95ci 1631 look drug usage 31 95ci 1950 conclusions study reveals chinese college students heavy reliance ohi manage others health without sufficient knowledgeskills identify misinformation disinformation apparent risky informationseeking behaviors chinese college students warrant provision regulated accurate actionable health information assurance cybersecurity health information literacy promotion colleges concerned authorities | https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.12443 |
Mohamad Alameddine|Reem AlGurg|Farah Otaki|Alawi Alsheikh?Ali | Physicians’ perspective on shared decision-making in Dubai: a cross-sectional study | 2,020 | American University of Beirut|Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences|Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences|Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences | abstract background shared decisionmaking sdm integral part patientcentered delivery care maximizing opportunity patients participate decisions related health expectation care delivery nowadays purpose study explore perceptions physicians regard sdm large private hospital network dubai united arab emirates methods study utilized crosssectional design survey questionnaire assembled capture quantitative qualitative data perception physicians relation sdm survey instrument included three sections first solicited physicians personal professional information second entailed 9item sdm questionnaire sdmq9 third included openended section statistical analysis assessed whether average sdmq9 score differed significantly gender age years experience professional statusgeneralist versus specialist work locationhospitals versus polyclinics nonparametric analysis two independent variables mannwhitney test utilized qualitative data thematically analyzed results fifty physicians various specialties participated study 25 gender85 response rate although quantitative data analysis revealed physicians 80 rated quite highly comes sdm qualitative analysis underscored number barriers limited opportunity sdm analysis identified four themes influence acceptability sdm namely physicianspecific physicians extent adopting sdm related belief system perception presence evidence negates need sdm patientrelated eg patients unwillingness involved decisions concerning health contextualenvironmental eg sociocultural impediments relational information asymmetry power gradient influence physician patient relate one another conclusions sdm evidencebased management ebm mutually exclusive professional learning development programs targeting caregivers focus consolidation two perspectives encourage healthcare managers leaders translate declared policies actionable initiatives supporting patientcentered care could achieved dedication necessary resources would enable sdm development interventions designed improve health literacy educate patients rights | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01891-3 |
Hebatallah Ahmed Mohamed Moustafa|Amira B. Kassem | COVID-19-related health literacy and preparedness to what may come: a cross-sectional study | 2,023 | Badr University in Cairo|Damanhour University | abstract background since first report covid19 2019 information released fast vast health literacy focuses individual skills obtain process understand health information services necessary make informed health decisions increasing level health literacy addressed provision highquality trustworthy easytoaccess easytounderstand information covid19 work aimed assess covid19related health literacy egyptian population living alexandria determine associated factors crosssectional study performed second wave covid19 pandemic using questionnaire assessing covid19related health literacy adapted hlseuq work included four phases first phase questionnaire designing tools used second phase included questionnaire filling participants third phase concerned increasing population awareness covid19 pandemic fourth phase statistical analysis data results sample compromised 3960 persons half egyptian population living alexandria inadequate problematic covid19related health literacy scores female gender younger age higher socioeconomic status professions medical background level education positively correlated covid19related health literacy conclusion covid19related health literacy levels egyptian population living alexandria sufficient policymakers healthcare providers media must act proactively increase level citizens covid19related health literacy prepare pandemics may come later | https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20288 |
Guanghui Cui|Shaojie Li|Yongtian Yin|Li-jun Chen|Jia?Qin Li|Fengyuan Liang|Xinyao Liu|Lei Chen | The relationship among social capital, eHealth literacy and health behaviours in Chinese elderly people: a cross-sectional study | 2,021 | Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine|Central South University|Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine|Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine|Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine|Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine|Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine|Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine | abstract background social capital linked health behaviours underlying mechanism unclear previous studies found health literacy played role mediator relationships among social capital individual physical activity nutrition clear whether ehealth literacy mediates impact social capital health behaviours therefore research aimed explore relationships among social capital structural cognitive social capital ehealth literacy health behaviours elderly people analyse mediating effect ehealth literacy providing theoretical basis health behaviour intervention elderly people methods january february 2019 conducted crosssectional survey 1201 chinese people aged 60 years using chinese shortened social capital scale contains two subscales structural social capital cognitive social capital ehealth literacy scale healthpromoting lifestyle profile used structural equation modelling test hypothetical mediation model results mean scores social capital 7207 sd 1303 1724 sd 934 ehealth literacy 11223 sd 2325 health behaviours social capital ehealth literacy significantly correlated health behaviours social capital structural social capital significantly correlated ehealth literacy lastly ehealth literacy mediated relationship structural social capital health behaviours conclusions ehealth literacy important mediating factor elderly peoples structural social capital health behaviours therefore social capital ehealth literacy must considered designing implementing health behaviour intervention programmes elderly people | https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12613 |
Lauren A. Walter|Elizabeth Schoenfeld|Kay Hogan Smith|Erin F Shufflebarger|Charles Khoury|Katherine Baldwin|Jennifer J. Hess|Matthew A. Heimann|Cameron Crosby|Sylvia Y Sontheimer|Stephen Gragg|Delissa T. Hand|Joseph S. McIlwain|Christopher J. Greene|Rachel M. Skains|Erik P. Hess | Emergency department–based interventions affecting social determinants of health in the United States: A scoping review | 2,021 | University of Alabama at Birmingham|Baystate Medical Center|University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Alabama at Birmingham|Vanderbilt University Medical Center|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Alabama at Birmingham|Christiana Care Health System|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Alabama at Birmingham|Vanderbilt University Medical Center | abstract background social determinants health sdoh significant implications health outcomes united states emergency departments eds function safety nets american health care system caring many vulnerable populations edbased interventions assess social risk mitigate social needs reported literature however breadth scope interventions evaluated field social emergency medicine sem expands mapping categorization previous interventions may help shape future research sought identify summarize characterize edbased interventions aimed mitigating negative sdoh methods conducted scoping review identify characterize peerreviewed research articles report edbased interventions address impact sdoh united states designed conducted search medline cinahl cochrane central databases abstracts subsequently full articles reviewed independently two reviewers identify potentially relevant articles included articles categorized type intervention primary sdoh domain reported outcomes also categorized type efficacy results total 10856 abstracts identified reviewed 596 potentially relevant studies identified full article review identified 135 articles inclusion articles subdivided three intervention types provider educational intervention 18 b disease modification sdoh focus 26 c direct sdoh intervention 60 4 including two types articles subsequently grouped seven sdoh domains 1 access care 33 2 discriminationgroup disparities 7 3 exposure violencecrime 34 4 food insecurity 2 5 housing issueshomelessness 3 6 languageliteracyhealth literacy 12 7 socioeconomic disparitiespoverty 10 majority articles reported intervention studied effective primary outcome identified 78 conclusion emergency departmentbased interventions address seven different sdoh domains reported peerreviewed literature past 30 years utilizing variety approaches including provider education direct indirect focus social risk need characterization understanding previous interventions may help identify opportunities future interventions well guide sem research agenda | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-020-00593-x |
Majid Ghasemianpour|Soheila Bakhshandeh|Armin Shirvani|Naghmeh Emadi|Hamid Samadzadeh|Nadereh Moosavi Fatemi|Anoosheh Ghasemian | Dental caries experience and socio-economic status among Iranian children: a multilevel analysis | 2,019 | Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences|Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences | abstract background socioeconomic factors considered main determinants causing disparities oral health across different countries aim present study investigate associations social economic factors dental caries experience among 6 12yearold iranian children methods crosssectional study total 31146 students aged 6 12 years old enrolled 31 provinces iran based standardized world health organization criteria oral health surveys dental caries indices primary permanent teeth assessed clinical examination schools data socioeconomic status obtained modified questionnaire national data bank decayed missing filled teeth dmftdmft indices primary permanent dentition compared individual provincial levels using multilevel regression analysis poisson regression analysis used evaluate association social demographic behavioral determinants dental caries indices among individuals assess causes difference dental caries indices across provinces justifiable economic factors also analyzed using poisson regression analysis results mean se dmft dmft 584 005 184 003 6and 12yearold children respectively differences dental caries indices statistically significant among provinces higher level parental education negatively related dental caries indices age groups rural residency positively dental flossing reversely associated dmft index 6yearold children negative associations found frequency tooth brushing preventive dental utilization dmft dmft indices gross domestic product gdp index negative consumer price index cpi positive associations dmft dmft indices age groups however positive relationships observed gini index dmft index among 12yearold children well number dentists per capita dmft index among 6yearold children conclusion sociodemographic behavioral factors found associated dental caries experience however economic indicators greatest importance | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11542-w |
Mohammad Ali|Jin Kyung Park|Vu Dinh Thiem|Do Gia Canh|Michael Emch|John D. Clemens | Neighborhood size and local geographic variation of health and social determinants | 2,005 | International Vaccine Institute|International Vaccine Institute|National Institute Of Hygiene And Epidemiology|National Institute Of Hygiene And Epidemiology|Robert Wood Johnson Foundation|International Vaccine Institute | abstract background spatial filtering using geographic information system gis often used smooth health ecological data smoothing disease data help us understand local neighborhood geographic variation ecological risk diseases analyses use small neighborhood sizes yield individualistic patterns large sizes reveal global structure data local variation obscured therefore choosing optimal neighborhood size important understanding ecological associations diseases paper uses hartleys test homogeneity variance f max methodological solution selecting optimal neighborhood sizes data study area vietnam used test suitability method results hartleys f max test applied spatial variables two enteric diseases two socioeconomic determinants various neighbourhood sizes tested using two step process implement f max test first variance neighborhood compared highest neighborhood variance upper f max1 compared lowest neighborhood variance lower f max2 significant value f max1 indicates neighborhood reveal global structure data contrast significant value f max2 implies neighborhood data individualistic neighborhoods lower upper limits optimal neighbourhood sizes conclusion results tests provide different neighbourhood sizes different variables suggesting optimal neighbourhood size data dependent ecology well known observation scales may influence ecological inference therefore selecting optimal neigborhood size essential understanding disease ecologies optimal neighbourhood selection method tested paper useful health ecological studies | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-10103-x |
Mulusew Andualem Asemahagn | Sputum smear conversion and associated factors among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a longitudinal study | 2,021 | Bahir Dar University | abstract background sputum smear conversion key indicator treatment response reduced infectivity among bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis ptb patients study aimed estimating sputum smear conversion identifying factors hindering sputum smear conversion among bacteriologically confirmed ptb cases east gojjam zone northwest ethiopia methods total 282 bacteriologically confirmed ptb patients followed 22 weeks weekly sputum smear examination due absence sputum culture rapid diagnostic services sputum smear conversion evaluation conducted microscopically using acidfastbacilli staining technique sediments 5 sodium hypochlorite concentration technique data sociodemographic clinical profile personal behavior variables collected using pretested intervieweradministered questionnaire various descriptive statistics including mean median interquartile range iqr proportions computed describe study objectives factors sputum smear conversion identified multivariable logistic regression analysis statistical significance determined p value lt 005 results half 166 59 bacteriologically confirmed ptb patients males 147 52 rural dwellers mean age respondents 35 5 sd years 88 312 bacteriologically confirmed ptb patients comorbidities 102 362 faced stigma 54 19 history cigarette smoking median sputum smear conversions intensive phase 5th months treatment follow 35 dyas iqr 2156 days 53 days iqr 2882 days respectuvely majority 85 95 ci 7693 95 95 ci 8599 bacteriologically confirmed ptb patients underwent sputum smear conversion end 2nd 5th months treatment respectively poor knowledge tb hiv positive higher smear grading diabetes mellitus undernutrition cigarette smoking facing societal stigma tb service delays positively associated length sputum smear conversion p value lt 005 conclusion based study median sputum smear conversion time higher compared tb program expectations findings former studies study also identified important factors associated sputum smear conversion time improving health literacy community revising existing community awareness strategies essential enhance treatment adherence lower infectiousness treatment initiation | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10500-w |
Florence Samkange?Zeeb|Liubov Borisova|Beatriz Padilla|Hannah Bradby|Jenny Phillimore|Hajo Zeeb|Tilman Brand | Superdiversity, migration and use of internet-based health information – results of a cross-sectional survey conducted in 4 European countries | 2,020 | Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS|Uppsala University|University of South Florida|Uppsala University|University of Birmingham|Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen|University of Bremen|Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS | abstract background studies factors associated use internetbased health information generally focus general rather migrant populations study looked reasons internetbased health information used effects migrationrelated factors sociodemographic characteristics healthrelated factors tendency consult internet methods crosssectional survey conducted eight superdiverse neighbourhoods two birmingham united kingdom bremen germany lisbon portugal uppsala sweden participants presented six scenarios asked indicate resources relied addressing health concern given list scenarios included establishing underlying causes health concern seeking information prescription drugs treatments services available part public healthcare system list resources included public healthcare system alternative medicine family friends internet frequencies internet consulted different scenario calculated compared across participating cities association consulting internetbased health information migrationrelated factors sociodemographic characteristics well healthrelated factors selfreported health health literacy assessed using multivariable logistic regressions results 2570 participants four cities included analyses 47 migrant background 35 originated noneu countries third reported relying internetbased health information least one given scenarios two frequently chosen scenarios find possible treatments prescription drugs generally using internetbased health information negatively associated first generation migrant 065 95 ci 046093 poor local language competency 025 95 ci 014045 older age 60 years 021 95 ci 015031 low education 035 95 ci 024050 positively associated low trust physicians 213 95 ci 147310 conclusion findings indicate need consider migration background language competency promoting provision healthcare services via internet information services widely accessible | https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-5-137 |
J. Richard Korecki|Frank J. Schwebel|Victoria R. Votaw|Katie Witkiewitz | Mindfulness-based programs for substance use disorders: a systematic review of manualized treatments | 2,020 | University of New Mexico|University of New Mexico|University of New Mexico|University of New Mexico | abstract background substance use disorders prevalent returning substance use ie relapse following treatment common underscoring need effective treatments help individuals maintain longterm reductions substance use mindfulnessbased interventions mbis increasingly developed evaluated treatment substance use disorders aim article update systematic review conducted li et al 2017 outcomes randomized control trials mbis substance use disorders addition provided sessionbysession examination widely used mbi protocols methods conducted comprehensive literature search pubmed psycinfo web science databases january 2016 april 2020 studies included based following criteria 1 examined effects mbi 2 employed randomized controlled trial design repeated measures including secondary data analyses randomized controlled trials 3 enrolled participants seeking treatment substance use disorders results search identified 902 publications 30 studies eligible inclusion data extraction mbis appear effective existing evidencebased treatments substance use disorders reducing frequency quantity alcohol drug use substancerelated problems craving substance use increasing rate abstinence conclusions future directions include additional large scale randomized controlled trials investigation suitable settings protocols examination patient populations may benefit mbis dissemination implementation research | https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12117 |
Kathy S. Bond|Fairlie A. Cottrill|Andrew Mackinnon|Amy J. Morgan|Claire Kelly|Gregory Armstrong|Betty A. Kitchener|Nicola Reavley|Anthony F. Jorm | Effects of the Mental Health First Aid for the suicidal person course on beliefs about suicide, stigmatising attitudes, confidence to help, and intended and actual helping actions: an evaluation | 2,021 | University of Melbourne|University of Melbourne|The George Institute for Global Health|University of Melbourne|University of Melbourne|University of Melbourne | abstract background suicide significant concern australia globally strong argument training community gatekeepers recognise support suicidal people social network one training course mental health first aid suicidal person course course developed using suicide prevention best practice guidelines based expert opinion determined using delphi method methods evaluated impact attending mental health first aid suicidal person course suicide literacy stigma confidence quality intended actual helping behaviours towards person suicidal course satisfaction surveys administered immediately course 6month followup data analysed yield descriptive statistics percentages means standard deviations linear mixed models generalized linear mixed models used test statistical significance changes occasions measurement results recruited 284 participants workplaces general community networks mean age 41 years 74 female 85 people undertook course part professional development almost half 44 course contact suicidal person majority 59 participants previous mental health suicide prevention training majority participants held knowledge suicide literacy undertaking course major effect training strengthen knowledge significant improvement precourse 179 sd 056 postcourse 148 sd 082 p lt 00001 maintained followup 151 sd 049 p lt 00001 confidence gatekeeper skills significantly improved course followup 315 sd 095 course 402 sd 068 afterward 387 sd 077 followup p lt 00001 p lt 00001 respectively quality intended helping behaviours significantly improved precourse intended actions 428 sd 058 postcourse 470 sd 050 p lt 00001 maintained followup 464 sd 041 p lt 00001 significant improvement actions taken participants help suicidal person precourse postcourse eg asking suicidal thoughts plan contacting emergency services course highly acceptable participants conclusion results indicate course acceptable intervention delivers broad spectrum beneficial outcomes community workplace gatekeepers | https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-8-59 |
Saška Roškar|M Vinke | Suicide prevention in Slovenia in the context of public health | 2,020 | National Institute of Public Health|National Institute of Public Health | abstract background suicide mortality slovenia decreased 30 last two decades 2825 per 100000 2003 1708 per 100000 2018 nevertheless countrys suicide rate remains markedly eu average march 2018 slovenia national strategy mental health 20182028 one priority areas suicide prevention strategic goal decreasing suicide mortality 15 next 10 years methods specific objectives aimed raising mental health awareness literacy particularly relation suicide ii early identification people risk iii access help mental health provision people risk suicide iv reduction alcohol use v restriction access means suicide results many suicide prevention initiatives slovenia implemented local regional national level include universal targeted approaches collaboration different gatekeepers eg general practitioners first responders school workers media screening programs risk individuals primary health care level eg phq9 network psychological counselling services etc two interventions presented detail namely collaboration media representatives responsible reporting suicide prepost comparison reporting revealed statistically significant improvement 6 10 guidelines ii population screening depression referral program individuals aged ampgt 35 conclusions aforementioned decrease suicide mortality timely coincides launch multiple preventative activities even though sound research necessary confirm statistically significant relationship observed decrease preventive initiatives probable actions contribute stagnation even decline suicide rate country | https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12363 |
Anthony F. Jorm|Yoshibumi Nakane|Helen Christensen|Kumiko Yoshioka|Kathleen M Griffiths|Yuji Wata | Public beliefs about treatment and outcome of mental disorders: a comparison of Australia and Japan | 2,005 | Orygen|University of Melbourne|Nagasaki International University|Australian National University|Nagasaki International University|Australian National University|Bunkyo Gakuin University | abstract background surveys public number countries shown poor recognition mental disorders beliefs treatment often diverge health professionals lack mental health literacy limit optimal use treatment services australia japan countries different mental health care systems japan emphasising hospital care australia oriented community care japan also collectivist australia individualist values differences might influence recognition disorders beliefs treatment two countries methods surveys public carried country using similar methodology feasible countries household interviews carried concerning beliefs relation one four case vignettes describing either depression depression suicidal thoughts early schizophrenia chronic schizophrenia australia survey involved national sample 3998 adults aged 18 years japan survey involved 2000 adults aged 20 69 25 regional sites spread across country results japanese public found reluctant use psychiatric labels particularly depression cases japanese also reluctant discuss mental disorders others outside family strong belief counsellors gps generally believe benefits treatment optimistic full recovery contrast australians used psychiatric labels often particularly depression also positive benefits seeking professional help strong preference lifestyle interventions tended negative psychiatric medications australians positive counsellors gps psychiatric hospitalization ect seen negatively countries conclusion major differences australia japan recognition disorders beliefs treatment may relate different health care systems increasing openness mental health australia also likely explanatory factor | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-020-01541-7 |
Todd R. Kelley|J. Geoff Knowles|Jeffrey D. Holland|Jung H. Han | Increasing high school teachers self-efficacy for integrated STEM instruction through a collaborative community of practice | 2,020 | Purdue University West Lafayette|Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana|Purdue University West Lafayette|Purdue University West Lafayette | abstract background teachers significant impact student interest learning science technology engineering math stem subjects careers teacher selfefficacy also significantly affect student learning researchers investigated effects teacher professional development integrated stem curriculum development teacher selfefficacy participants study included high school science engineering technology teachers enrolled national science foundationitest project called teachers researchers advancing integrated lessons stem trails trails program sought prepare teachers integrate stem content using engineering design biomimicry science inquiry 3d printing pedagogical approaches teachers learned within community practice working alongside industry partners college faculty purpose study investigate impact 70 h professional development train three cohorts teachers 3 years teacher selfefficacy research design utilized quasiexperimental nonequivalent control group approach including experimental group untreated control group results measurements beliefs teacher selfefficacy collected pretest posttest delayed posttest survey assessments researchers analyzed tstem survey results teaching selfefficacy using wilcoxson signedrank test detecting significant differences science teachers showed significant increase teacher selfefficacy comparing pretest delayed posttest scores trails professional development stem lesson implementation p 001 effect size 95 additionally significant differences groups science experimental vs science control group teachers using wilcoxon ranksum test detected pretest posttest p 033 effect size 46 posttest delayed posttest p 029 effect size 47 pretest delayed posttest p 005 effect size 64 significant differences detected control group engineering technology teachers showed significant differences pretest posttest delayed posttest selfefficacy scores conclusions results indicate science teachers selfefficacy increased professional development lesson implementation potential implications research suggest science teacher participants benefited greatly learning within community practice engaging science practices using science knowledge solve realworld problem engineering design | https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1754 |
Rorisa Tadele Hailemariam|Araya Mesfin Nigatu|Mequannent Sharew Melaku | Medical students’ knowledge and attitude towards tele-education and associated factors at University of Gondar, Ethiopia, 2022: mixed method | 2,023 | Arba Minch University|University of Gondar|University of Gondar | abstract background teleeducation use icts conduct remote learning utilized deliver ongoing training many years worlds modern culture increasingly reliant use information technology enhance standards education however order deploy successful elearning systems developing nation understanding user characteristics required creation usage elearning systems thus study enable us understand users level knowledge attitude towards teleeducation methods institutionbased quantitative crosssectional study supported qualitative design used 397 medical students university gondar may june 2022 pretested selfadministered structured questionnaires indepth interview used collect quantitative qualitative data respectively thematiccontent analysis conducted using opencode software analyzing qualitative data quantitative data entered epidata version 46 exported spss version 25 software statistical analysis binary logistic regression conducted adjusted odds ratioaor used measure association dependent independent variables results total 397 medical students participated study response rate 9363 study nearly six ten 230579 study participants good knowledge towards teleeducation half 211531 medical students participated study also favorable attitude towards teleeducation factors associated knowledge teleeducation training related ict aor 227 95 ci 113455 knowledge medical education digitization aor 380 95 ci 212684 high computer literacy aor 282 95 ci 168472 favorable attitude towards teleeducation aor 352 95 ci 212584 factors associated attitude towards teleeducation age group gt 21 aor 389 95 ci 1331139 good knowledge towards teleeducation aor 34295ci206566 conclusion study revealed knowledge medical students good nearly five ten favorable attitude towards teleeducation study shows training related ict knowledge medical education digitization high computer literacy favorable attitude towards teleeducation associated significantly knowledge teleeducation study age group gt 21 good knowledge towards teleeducation study participants associated significantly attitude towards teleeducation | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-022-09484-6 |
Bruno Linetzky|Dongjie Jiang|Martha M. Funnell|Bradley Curtis|William H. Polonsky | Exploring the role of the patient–physician relationship on insulin adherence and clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes: Insights from the MOSAIc study | 2,016 | Eli Lilly (United States)|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Eli Lilly (United States)|University of California, San Diego | abstract background 2year prospective mosaic multinational observational study assessing insulin use understanding challenges associated progression therapy study investigating whether patient physician health systemrelated factors affect outcomes patients type 2 diabetes t2d baseline subanalysis investigated aspects patientphysician relationship associated diabetesrelated distress insulin adherence glycemic control methods patients t2d taking insulin 3 months recruited primary care specialty practice sites 18 countries physicians provided usual care clinical history recent hba1c values collected patients surveyed regarding perception physician interactions diabetesrelated distress level insulin adherence results analysis population comprised 4341 patients four six domains showed significant relationship total diabetesrelated distress p lt 001 poor insulin adherence associated greater diabetesrelated distress adjusted odds ratio aor 114 95 confidence interval ci 106122 higher discrimination aor 113 95 ci 102127 hurried communication aor 135 95 ci 120153 scores lower explained results score aor 086 95 ci 077097 poor insulin adherence associated 043 increase hba1c whereas 1unit increase total diabetesrelated distress hurried communication scores associated 0171 0145 increase hba1c respectively conclusions patients distressed living t2d dissatisfied aspects interactions physicians exhibited poor insulin adherence perceived physician inattention lack engagement diabetesrelated distress directly affect insulin adherence glycemic control | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-021-06407-2 |
Kathleen Doherty|Hoang Nguyen|Claire Eccleston|Laura Tierney|Ron Mason|Aidan Bindoff|Andrew Robinson|James C. Vickers|Fran McInerney | Measuring consumer access, appraisal and application of services and information for dementia (CAAASI-Dem): a key component of dementia literacy | 2,020 | University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania | abstract background ability locate navigate use dementia services information either oneself providing care others essential component dementia literacy despite dementia literacy understood inadequate many settings validated instrument exists measure elements describe development preliminary validation consumer access appraisal application services information dementia caaasidem tool methods items adapted existing health literacy tools guided discussion posts understanding dementia massive open online course udmooc following expert review respondent debriefing modified caaasidem administered udmooc participants online basis descriptive statistics interitem item total correlations qualitative feedback refined administered online second cohort udmooc participants exploratory factor analysis identified underlying factor structure items retained significant factor loadings one factor factor required least three items significant factor loadings internal consistency factors final model evaluated using cronbachs alpha coefficients results pool 70 initial items either 5point likert scale confident extremely confident strongly agree strongly disagree binary scale yes 65 items retained caaasidemv1 statistical qualitative analysis 1412 responses led 34 items removed 11 revised improve clarity 31 item caaasidemv2 tool subsequently administered 3146 participants one item removed due redundancy efa resulted removal additional 4 items determination five factor structure evaluation engagement readiness social supports specific dementia services practical aspects conclusions five factors 26 constituent items caaasidem align functional critical communicative aspects dementia health literacy perspective carer screening tool people living dementia carers caaasidem potentially provides means determine support needs may key component dementia literacy assessment toolbox | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-020-01062-9 |
Ahmedin Jemal|Limin X. Clegg|Elizabeth M. Ward|Lynn A. G. Ries|Xiao?Cheng Wu|Patricia M. Jamison|Phyllis A. Wingo|Holly L. Howe|Robert N. Anderson|Brenda K. Edwards | Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975–2001, with a special feature regarding survival | 2,004 | American Cancer Society|National Cancer Institute|American Cancer Society|National Cancer Institute|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans|North American Association of Central Cancer Registries|National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|North American Association of Central Cancer Registries|National Center for Health Statistics|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|National Cancer Institute | abstract background american cancer society acs centers disease control prevention cdc national cancer institute nci north american association central cancer registries naaccr collaborate annually provide updated information regarding cancer occurrence trends us years report features special section cancer survival methods information concerning cancer cases obtained nci cdc naaccr information concerning recorded cancer deaths obtained cdc authors evaluated trends ageadjusted cancer incidence death rates regression models described compared survival rates time across racialethnic populations results incidence rates cancers combined decreased 1991 2001 stabilized 1995 2001 adjusted delay reporting incidence rates female lung cancer decreased although statistically significant delay adjusted mortality leveled first time increasing many decades colorectal cancer incidence rates also decreased death rates decreased cancers combined 11 per year since 1993 many top 15 cancers occurring men women 5year relative survival rates improved cancers combined cancers 2 diagnostic periods 19751979 19952000 however cancerspecific survival rates lower risk dying cancer diagnosed higher minority populations compared white population relative risk death cancers combined racial ethnic population compared nonhispanic white men women ranged 116 hispanic white men 169 american indianalaska native men exception asianpacific islander women whose risk 101 similar nonhispanic white women conclusions continued measurable declines overall cancer death rates many top 15 cancers along improved survival rates reflect progress prevention early detection treatment cancer however racial ethnic disparities survival risk death cancer geographic variation stage distributions suggest segments us population benefited equally advances cancer 2004 published 2004 american cancer society | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02990-0 |
Aleksandra Stevanovi?|Radoslav Boži?|Slaviša Radovi? | Higher education students' experiences and opinion about distance learning during the Covid?19 pandemic | 2,021 | Metropolitan University|Open University in the Netherlands | abstract background covid19 pandemic created significant challenges global higher education community understanding students perception important implications quality learning process affects students engagement learning helps educators rethink principles learning design improve developed programs objectives understanding rapid necessary changes learning caused pandemic related students intrinsic motivation awareness methods 832 participants study quantitative qualitative research methods employing relevant statistical techniques used research students opinions regarding distance learning process results conclusions analysis showed firstyear students significantly less motivated learning process older students saw distance learning less valuable less interesting others research found several positive consequences pandemic working according students schedule relaxed environment looking lecture necessary feeling free ask questions communicate teachers saving travel time implications teachers understanding firstyear students threatened comes developing motivation learn help cope learning anxieties encourage selfbelief give extra support learning process | https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12198 |
Dionne Kringos|Fabrizio Carinci|Erica Barbazza|Véronique Bos|Kendall Jamieson Gilmore|Oliver Groene|László Gulácsi|Damir Ivankovi?|Tessa Jansen|Søren Paaske Johnsen|Simon de Lusignan|Jan Mainz|Sabina Nuti|Niek Klazinga|Petra Baji|Óscar Brito Fernandes|Pinar Kara|Nicolás Larrain|Beatriz Meza|Anna Maria Murante|Márta Péntek|Mircha Poldrugovac|S. Wang|Claire Willmington|Yuanhang Yang | Managing COVID-19 within and across health systems: why we need performance intelligence to coordinate a global response | 2,020 | Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam|University of Bologna|Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam|Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam|Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Corvinus University of Budapest|Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam|Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam|Aalborg University Hospital|University of Oxford|Aalborg University Hospital|Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies|Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam|Aalborg University Hospital|Aalborg University Hospital|Aalborg University Hospital|Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam|Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam|Aalborg University Hospital|Aalborg University Hospital|Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies|Amsterdam University Medical Centers|University of Amsterdam | abstract background covid19 pandemic complex global public health crisis presenting clinical organisational systemwide challenges different research perspectives health needed order manage monitor crisis performance intelligence approach emphasises need different research perspectives supporting health systems decisionmakers determine policies based wellinformed choices paper present viewpoint innovative training network healthcare performance intelligence professionals healthpros performance intelligence used covid19 pandemic discussion lack standardised information paired limited discussion alignment countries contribute uncertainty decisionmaking countries consequently plethora different nondatadriven uncoordinated approaches address outbreak noted worldwide comparative health system research needed help countries shape response models social care public health primary care hospital care longterm care different phases pandemic need phase compare contextspecific bundles measures impact health outcomes modelled using targeted data advanced statistical methods performance intelligence pursued compare data construct indicators identify optimal strategies embracing system perspective allow countries take coordinated strategic decisions mitigating risk system collapsea framework development implementation performance intelligence outlined healthpros network pertinence health systems need better timely data govern pandemicinduced transition period tensions care needs demand capacity exceptionally high worldwide health systems challenged ensure essential levels healthcare towards patients including need routine assistance conclusion performance intelligence plays essential role part broader public health strategy guiding decisions health system actors implementation contextualised measures tackle covid19 future epidemic well effect health system large based commonly agreedupon standardised data fitforpurpose indicators making optimal use existing health information infrastructures healthpros network make meaningful contribution | https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-55 |
M. Lange|Alexandra Löwe|Gerrit Stassen|Andrea Schaller | Health literacy, health status and health behaviors of German students– study protocol for the “Healthy Habits” cohort study | 2,021 | German Sport University Cologne|German Sport University Cologne | abstract background emerging adulthood traditionally viewed time optimal health also critical life span characterized changing life circumstances establishment individual lifestyle especially university life seems hold several challenges impeding manifestation health supporting manner many students tend show poorer health behavior higher amount healthrelated problems comparable age groups along steady growth higher education sector brings increased attention university setting context prevention date empirical longitudinal coherent crosssectional data status students health literacy health status health behaviors impact study format students health aim prospective cohort study reduce research gap methods starting winter semester 202021 prospective cohort study collects data health literacy health status health behavior semesterbysemester basis enrolled students ist university applied sciences regardless study format discipline participate study beginning first semester data collected digitally via specifically programmed app total 103 items assess subjectively perceived health status life study satisfaction sleep quality perceived stress physical activity diet smoking alcohol consumption drug addiction health literacy statistical analysis uses 1 multivariate methods look changes within three health dimensions time 2 association three health dimensions using multiple regression methods correlations discussion cohort study collects comprehensive health data students course study assumed gathered data provide information state health develops study period also different degrees correlations health behavior health literacy reveal different impacts state students health furthermore study contribute empirically justified development target groupspecific interventions trial registration german clinical trials register drks00023397 registered october 26 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09620-6 |
Jon Agley|Yunyu Xiao | Misinformation about COVID-19: evidence for differential latent profiles and a strong association with trust in science | 2,021 | Indiana University Bloomington|Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis | abstract background global spread coronavirus disease 2019 covid19 mirrored diffusion misinformation conspiracy theories origins 5g cellular networks motivations preventive measures like vaccination social distancing face masks example political ploy beliefs resulted substantive negative realworld outcomes remain largely unstudied methods crosssectional online survey n 660 participants asked believability five selected covid19 narratives political orientation religious commitment trust science 21item scale along sociodemographic items data assessed descriptively latent profile analysis used identify subgroups similar believability profiles bivariate anova analyses run multivariable multivariate logistic regression used identify factors associated membership specific covid19 narrative believability profiles results full sample believability narratives varied low 194 sd172 5g narrative high 556 sd164 zoonotic scientific consensus narrative four distinct belief profiles emerged preponderance 70 sample falling profile 1 believed scientifically accepted narrative zoonotic origin misinformed conspiratorial narratives profiles disbelieve zoonotic explanation rather believed additional misinformation varying degrees controlling sociodemographics political orientation religious commitment marginally typically nonsignificantly associated covid19 belief profile membership however trust science strong significant predictor profile membership lower trust substantively associated belonging profiles 2 4 conclusions belief misinformation conspiratorial narratives may mutually exclusive belief narrative reflecting scientific consensus profiles distinguished belief zoonotic narrative rather concomitant belief disbelief additional narratives additional renewed dissemination scientifically accepted narratives may attenuate belief misinformation however prophylaxis covid19 misinformation might achieved taking concrete steps improve trust science scientists building understanding scientific process supporting open science initiatives | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-019-0129-8 |
Roghayeh Ezati Rad|Shokrollah Mohseni|Hesamaddin Kamalzadeh Takhti|Mehdi Hassani Azad|Nahid Shahabi|Teamur Aghamolaei|Fatemeh Norozian | Application of the protection motivation theory for predicting COVID-19 preventive behaviors in Hormozgan, Iran: a cross-sectional study | 2,021 | Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences|Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences|Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences|Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences|Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences|Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences|Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences | abstract background high prevalence mortality coronavirus disease 2019 covid19 made important health social challenge around world however disease largely prevented adherence hygienic principles protective behaviors seems identifying processes involved protective health behaviors effective planning implementing suitable interventions encourage community toward protective behaviors therefore present study aimed predict preventive behaviors covid19 according protection motivation theory pmt methods crosssectional study conducted 2 months hormozgan province iran study population consisted citizens age 15 years online questionnaire used collect data questionnaire link available participants social networks questionnaire consisted two sections including demographic information pmt constructs statistical calculations hypothesis testing performed spss version 21 amos version 21 significance level considered 005 hypothesis testing results total 2032 subjects mean age 3484 98 years r 1598 participated study participants 3140 years old female 604 married 72 urban residents 873 employed 588 majority also bachelors degree higher 588 significant positive correlations observed preventive behaviors covid19 perceived vulnerability r 0192 p lt 0001 perceived severity r 0092 p lt 0001 response efficacy r 0398 p lt 0001 selfefficacy r 0497 p lt 0001 protection motivation r 0595 p lt 0001 hand significant negative correlations found preventive behaviors covid19 maladaptive behavior rewards r 0243 p lt 0001 perceived costs r 0121 p lt 0001 conclusion present findings showed maladaptive behavior reward fear negatively predicted protective behaviors hand response efficacy selfefficacy positively predicted protective behaviors impact selfefficacy strongest overall information provided study contribute health policymaking iran | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-01214-w |
Joses Muthuri Kirigia|Anthony Theophilus Seddoh|Doris Gatwiri|Lenity H K Muthuri|Janet Seddoh | E-health: Determinants, opportunities, challenges and the way forward for countries in the WHO African Region | 2,005 | World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa|World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa|UNSW Sydney|Kenyatta University | abstract background implementation 58 th world health assembly resolution ehealth pose major challenge member states world health organization african region due lack information communications technology ict mass internet connectivity compounded paucity ictrelated knowledge skills key objectives article explore key determinants personal computers pcs telephone mainline cellular internet penetrationconnectivity african region ii propose actions needed create enabling environment ehealth services growth utilization region methods effects school enrolment per capita income governance variables number pcs telephone mainlines cellular phone subscribers internet users estimated using doublelog regression model crosssectional data various member states african region analysis based 45 46 countries comprise region data obtained united nations development programme undp world bank international telecommunications union itu sources results number main findings adult literacy total number internet users statistically significant 5 level tdistribution test positive effect number pcs country ii combined school enrolment rate per capita income statistically significant direct effect number telephone mainlines cellular telephone subscribers iii regulatory quality statistically significant negative effect number telephone mainlines iv similarly combined school enrolment ratio number telephone mainlines statistically significant positive relationship internet usage v major inequalities ict connectivity uppermiddle lowermiddle low income countries region focusing adoption specific technologies attempted interpret correlates terms relationships instead absolute causals conclusion order improve access health care especially majority africans living remote rural areas need boost availability utilization ehealth services thus universal access ehealth ought vision countries african region country ought develop road map strategic ehealth plan time enable citizens realize vision | https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-159 |
Jeannette R. Ickovics|Amy Carroll?Scott|Susan Peters|Marlene B. Schwartz|Kathryn Gilstad?Hayden|Catherine McCaslin | Health and Academic Achievement: Cumulative Effects of Health Assets on Standardized Test Scores Among Urban Youth in the United States | 2,013 | Community Health Alliance | abstract background institute medicine 2012 concluded must strengthen schools heart health intervene better outcomes health academic achievement identifying factors impact children essential study objectives 1 document associations health assets academic achievement 2 examine cumulative effects assets academic achievement methods participants include 940 students grades 5 6 12 schools randomly selected urban district data include physical assessments fitness testing surveys district records fourteen health indicators gathered including physical health eg body mass index bmi health behaviors eg meeting recommendations fruitvegetable consumption family environment eg family meals psychological wellbeing eg sleep quality data collected 36 months prior standardized testing results average students reported 71 health assets 14 health assets likely goal standardized tests readingwritingmathematics students health assets 22 times likely achieve goal compared students fewest health assets p lt 001 conclusions schools utilize nontraditional instructional strategies improve student health may also improve academic achievement closing equity gaps health academic achievement | https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-9-61 |
Jatin Kaicker|Victoria Borg Debono|Wilfred Dang|Norman Buckley|Lehana Thabane | Assessment of the quality and variability of health information on chronic pain websites using the DISCERN instrument | 2,010 | McMaster University|McMaster University|McMaster University|McMaster University|McMaster University | abstract background internet used increasingly providers tool disseminating painrelated health information patients resource health conditions treatment options however health information internet remains unregulated varies quality accuracy readability objective study determine quality pain websites explain variability quality readability pain websites methods five key terms pain chronic pain back pain arthritis fibromyalgia entered google yahoo msn search engines websites assessed using discern instrument quality index grade level readability ratings assessed using fleschkincaid readability algorithm univariate using alpha 020 multivariable regression using alpha 005 analyses used explain variability discern scores grade level readability using potential commercial gain health related seals approval languages multimedia features independent variables results total 300 websites assessed 21 excluded accordance exclusion criteria 110 duplicate websites leaving 161 unique sites 68 11161 websites websites offered patients commercial products pain condition 360 58161 websites health related seal approval 758 122161 websites presented information english 404 65161 websites offered interactive multimedia experience assessing quality unique websites maximum score 80 overall average discern score 559 136 readability grade level 109 39 multivariable regressions demonstrated website seals approval p 0015 potential commercial gain p 0189 contributing factors higher discern scores seals approval p 0168 interactive multimedia p 0244 contributed lower grade level readability indicated estimates beta coefficients conclusion overall quality pain websites moderate shortcomings websites scored high using discern questionnaire contained health related seals approval provided commercial solutions pain related conditions low readability levels offered interactive multimedia options endorsed health seals | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-022-00384-3 |
Latefa Ali Dardas|Susan G. Silva|Moria J. Smoski|Devon Noonan|Leigh Ann Simmons | The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Arab adolescents: Findings from Jordan | 2,018 | University of Jordan|Duke University|Duke University Hospital|Duke Medical Center|Duke University|Duke University Hospital|Duke Medical Center|Duke University|Duke University | abstract background lack research regarding current profile adolescent depression arab countries general jordan particular makes difficult design implement disseminate effective interventions improve prevention diagnosis treatment adolescent depression region purpose study estimate national prevalence depressive symptoms among adolescents jordan identify characteristics associated severity depression methods descriptive crosssectional nationally representative school survey utilized total 2349 jordanian adolescents aged 1217 completed returned survey packets included beck depression inventory ii measures sociodemographics health history participants represented three regions country 34 northern suburban region 43 central urban region 23 southern rural region results majority adolescents females 59 1517 years old 67 almost 14 reported least one chronic health problem 15 reported mental health problem 25 reported academic difficulties 8 reported received psychiatric diagnosis 22 reported sought psychological help point past mean total depression score 163 sd 112 95 ci 158167 34 sample reporting moderate severe depression depression significantly higher among respondents female ages 1415 years living families low monthly incomes reported chronic health problem mental health problem learning difficulty psychiatric diagnosis andor seeking previous psychological help conclusions findings serve alarm particularly given rates depression arab countries expected increase rapidly context arab spring healthcare providers researchers educators focus attention developing effective culturally appropriate screening prevention intervention approaches using evidencebased guidelines promote jordanian adolescent mental health particularly depression | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40945-021-00112-3 |
Jehad A. Rababah|Mohammed M. Al?Hammouri|Barbara L. Drew | The impact of health literacy on college students’ psychological disturbances and quality of life: a structural equation modeling analysis | 2,020 | Jordan University of Science and Technology|Jordan University of Science and Technology|Kent State University | abstract background literature regarding effect health literacy college students psychological health quality life scarce purpose conducting crosssectional study examine effect health literacy certain psychological disturbances perceived stress depressive symptoms impulsivity quality life college students methods crosssectional quantitative design utilized study total 310 fouryear college students participated study students completed demographics questionnaire well already established validated measures health literacy perceived stress depressive symptoms impulsivity quality life structural equation modeling performed analyze data explore effect health literacy psychological disturbances quality life results results showed health literacy negative effect three psychological disturbances commonly experienced college students perceived stress depressive symptoms impulsivity addition effect health literacy quality life positive conclusion proposed conceptual model supported college students counseling staff could use findings better address students needs pertinent psychological health quality life future research warranted develop comprehensive model explains role health literacy determining college students psychological health quality life | https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-4458-4-1 |
David Daniel Ebert|Martin Franke|Fanny Kählke|Ann?Marie Küchler|Ronny Bruffærts|Philippe Mortier|Eirini Karyotaki|Jordi Alonso|Pim Cuijpers|Matthias Berking|Randy P. Auerbach|Ronald C. Kessler|Harald Baumeister | Increasing intentions to use mental health services among university students. Results of a pilot randomized controlled trial within the World Health Organization's World Mental Health International College Student Initiative | 2,018 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg|Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg|Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg|University of Ulm|KU Leuven|KU Leuven|Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam|Pompeu Fabra University|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública|Hospital del Mar Research Institute|Municipal Institute for Medical Research|Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam|Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg|Columbia University|Harvard University|University of Ulm | abstract background majority university students mental health problems untreated small empirical literature exists strategies increase mental health service use aims investigate effects moderators brief acceptancefacilitating intervention intention use mental health services among university students method within german site world health organizations world mental health international college student wmhics initiative 1374 university students randomized intervention condition ic n 664 control condition cc n 710 implemented survey conditions received questions assessing mental disorders suicidality included wmhics surveys ic group additionally received internetbased personalized feedback based subject symptom severity domains depression anxiety substance use suicidal thoughts behaviors nonsuicidal selfinjury psychoeducation tailored personal symptom profile information available university community mental health services primary outcome reported intention use psychological interventions next semester last question survey broad range potential moderating factors explored results significant main effect intervention students randomized ic reporting significantly higher intentions seek help next semester students cc condition 012 95 ci 002 023 moderator analyses indicated intervention effective among students fulfilled criteria lifetime 034 95 ci 008 07 12month panicdisorder 032 95 ci 010 074 compared without lifetime 011 95 ci 000 022 12month panic disorder 011 95 ci 000 022 students lower 037 95 ci 077 151 higher 001 95 ci 036 034 selfreported physical health students nonheterosexual 038 95 ci 008 067 compared heterosexual 006 95 ci 006 017 sexual orientation intervention effects among students reported recognized emotional problem already working actively change stage 4 stages change conclusions simple acceptancefacilitating intervention increase intention use mental health services although effects average small future studies investigate personalized approaches interventions tailored barriers clinical characteristics students order optimize intervention effects development evaluation realized designs powered allow incremental value different intervention components tailoring strategies evaluated multiphase optimization designs | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41687-019-0151-0 |
Alexandra Roux|Rachel Cholerton|Jonathan Sicsic|Nora Moumjid|David P. French|Paolo Giorgi Rossi|Corinne Balleyguier|Michal Guindy|Fiona J. Gilbert|Jean-Benoît Burrion|Xavier Castells|David Ritchie|Debbie Keatley|Camille Baron|Suzette Delaloge|Sandrine de Montgolfier | Study protocol comparing the ethical, psychological and socio-economic impact of personalised breast cancer screening to that of standard screening in the “My Personal Breast Screening” (MyPeBS) randomised clinical trial | 2,022 | Université Sorbonne Paris Nord|Inserm|French National Centre for Scientific Research|University of Manchester|Université Paris Cité|Centre Léon Bérard|Claude Bernard University Lyon 1|University of Manchester|Azienda Sanitaria Unità Locale di Reggio Emilia|Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico|Institut Gustave Roussy|Assuta Medical Center|University of Cambridge|Institut Jules Bordet|Hospital Del Mar|Hospital del Mar Research Institute|Municipal Institute for Medical Research|The Patients Association|UniCancer Group|UniCancer Group|Université Paris-Est Créteil | abstract background mypebs study ongoing randomised controlled trial testing whether riskstratified breast cancer screening strategy noninferior eventually superior standard agebased screening reducing incidence stage 2 cancers large european commissionfunded initiative aims include 85000 women aged 40 70 years without prior breast cancer previously identified high risk six countries belgium france italy israel spain uk specific work package within mypebs examines psychological socioeconomic ethical aspects new screening strategy compares womens reported data outcomes trial arms following issues general anxiety cancerrelated worry understanding breast cancer screening strategy informationseeking behaviour sociodemographic economic characteristics quality life risk perception intention change healthrelated behaviours satisfaction trial methods inclusion 3months 1year 4years woman participating mypebs asked fill online questionnaires descriptive statistics bivariate analyses subgroup comparisons analysis variations time performed appropriate tests assess differences arms multivariate regression models allow modelling different patient reported data outcomes comprehension information provided general anxiety cancer worry information seeking behaviour addition qualitative study 48 semistructured interviews conducted france uk women randomised riskstratified arm help understand participants acceptability comprehension trial experience risk assessment discussion beyond scientific medical objectives clinical study critical acknowledge consequences paradigm shift women indeed introducing riskbased screening relying individual biological differences also implies addressing nonbiological differences eg social status health literacy ethical perspective ensure equal access healthcare results present study facilitate making recommendations implementation end trial accompany potential change screening strategy trial registration study sponsor unicancer personalised breast screening mypebs clinicaltrialsgov 2018 available httpsclinicaltrialsgovct2shownct03672331 contact ccile vissac sabatier phd 33 01 73 79 77 58 ext 330142114293 contactmypebseu | https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-14-81 |
Zoe Moon|Mira Zuchowski|Rona Moss?Morris|Myra Hunter|Sam Norton|Lyndsay D. Hughes | Disparities in access to mobile devices and e-health literacy among breast cancer survivors | 2,021 | King's College London|Guy's Hospital|King's College London|Guy's Hospital|King's College London|Guy's Hospital|King's College London|Guy's Hospital|King's College London|Guy's Hospital|King's College London|Guy's Hospital | abstract background number ehealth interventions developed breast cancer survivors continues increase however issues engagement retention common study aimed explore ehealth literacy rates access smartphones tablets large sample breast cancer survivors methods study 1 women recruited outpatient breast clinics across england wales eligible women asked complete questionnaire pack assess access devices ehealth literacy multiple regression analyses run assess relationship technology access ehealth literacy sociodemographic variables age social deprivation education study 2 presents smaller sample recruited social media answered questionnaire relating use mobile devices ehealth apps results two thousand nine women participated study seventyone percent access smartphone 54 access tablet 20 access either device multiple logistic regressions showed women younger higher levels education less deprived areas likely access either device poorer ehealth literacy associated older less education access mobile device conclusions whilst results show relatively widespread access mobile devices evidence digital divide across groups online interventions developed consideration individuals less ehealthliterate less technologically adept order increase likelihood engagement | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01764-9 |
Vishal Gupta|G Shivaprakash|Dipanjan Bhattacherjee|Karthik Udupa|Basavaraj Poojar|Ravi Sori|Shubhangi Mishra | Association of health literacy and cognition levels with severity of adverse drug reactions in cancer patients: a South Asian experience | 2,020 | Manipal Academy of Higher Education|Manipal Academy of Higher Education|Manipal Academy of Higher Education|Manipal Academy of Higher Education|Manipal Academy of Higher Education|Manipal Academy of Higher Education|Manipal Academy of Higher Education | abstract background occurrence adverse drug reactions chemotherapy among cancer patients welldocumented phenomenon however understanding contributoring factors influence severity adverse drug reactions incomplete without psychosocial factors affecting objective present study done understand factors like health literacy cognition levels association severity adverse drug reactions cancer chemotherapy setting study done department medical oncology tertiary care hospital india method two hundred twentyfour patients meeting study inclusion exclusion criteria took part study details adverse drug reactions collected per central drugs standard control organization format severity adverse drug reactions assessed national cancer institute common terminology criteria adverse events version 50 health literacy cognition levels patients assessed using standardized questionnaires ie short test functional health literacy adults short portable mental status questionnaire respectively data anonymized analyzed using statistical package social sciences version 160 software pearsons chi square test p value 005 considered statistically significant used study associations main outcome measure associations health literacy cognition levels severity adverse drug reactions result found health literacy cognition levels statistically significant association grade 3 adverse drug reactions cancer patients receiving chemotherapy conclusion initial assessment health literacy cognition levels cancer patients cancer care providers help identify patients high risk developing severe adverse drug reactions interventional measures improving health literacy healthcare providers help reduce overall burden disease patient due adverse drug reactions | https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-8-78 |
Virginia Harrison|Donna Moore|Lisa Lazard | Supporting perinatal anxiety in the digital age; a qualitative exploration of stressors and support strategies | 2,020 | The Open University|The Open University|The Open University | abstract background period surrounding childbirth one profound change often experienced stressful overwhelming indeed around 20 women may experience significant levels anxiety perinatal period however women experiencing perinatal anxiety pna go unrecognised untreated internet offers potentially scalable solution improve access support however dearth research area means work needed better understand womens experience pna potential targets intervention identified possible barriers support overcome study aimed qualitatively explore womens experience anxiety triggers support perinatal period gain insight online support acceptable women pna methods women either pregnant within oneyear postpartum invited participate focus groups across uk focus groups used allow diversity perspectives heard simultaneously promoting identification prioritisation important support needs solutions interviews transcribed thematically analysed results five key themes emerged relation womens experience pna holding unrealistic expectations birth motherhood stigma importance peer support uncertainty poor maternal confidence lack mental health support knowledge perinatal women felt undersupported poorly prepared motherhood mismatch expectations reality experience alongside pressure perfect mum primary source anxiety furthermore stigma associated pna may exacerbated issues led helpseeking avoidance overall women felt issues could addressed via online support delivery realistic information providing psychoeducation pna symptoms management inclusion authentic peer experiences thus delivering evidencebased information interventions online may provide solution acceptable cohort conclusions work provides unique insight potential sources anxiety women perinatal period also offering potential internetbased support solutions likely acceptable helpful women pna | https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.749 |
Tracee Cash|Ben Desbrow|Michael Leveritt|Lauren Ball | Utilization and preference of nutrition information sources in Australia | 2,014 | Griffith University|Griffith University|University of Queensland|Griffith University | abstract background prevalence chronic disease australia rising poor nutrition behaviour modifiable risk factor many chronic diseases utilization appropriate nutrition information recommended promote optimal nutrition behaviour objective investigate individuals utilization preference nutrition information sources well perceptions trustworthiness credibility effectiveness sources design crosssectional online survey setting participants ninetyfour residents gold coast australia main outcome measures studied respondents demographic variables previously utilized preferred nutrition information sources perceptions trustworthiness credibility effectiveness nutrition information sources results dietitians nutritionists gp three preferred sources perceived trustworthy credible effective however utilized nutrition information sources internet 629 friends 598 family 588 magazines 577 30 respondents reported time attend appointments barrier accessing preferred nutrition information sources 32 60 respondents reported neutral perceptions frequently utilized nutrition information sources relation trustworthiness credibility effectiveness conclusion individuals frequently receive nutrition information sources preferred sources perceive trustworthy credible effective research warranted impact discrepancies overall nutritionrelated health literacy behaviour | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2014.11.002 |
Rehanullah Khan|Christine P. Stewart|Parul Christian|Kerry Schulze|Lee Wu|Steven C. LeClerq|Subarna K. Khatry|Keith P. West | A cross-sectional study of the prevalence and risk factors for hypertension in rural Nepali women | 2,013 | University of California, Davis|University of California, Davis|Bloomberg (United States)|Johns Hopkins University|Bloomberg (United States)|Johns Hopkins University|Bloomberg (United States)|Johns Hopkins University|Bloomberg (United States)|Johns Hopkins University|Bloomberg (United States)|Johns Hopkins University | abstract background prevalence hypertension increasing much south asian region including nepal paper reports prevalence risk factors hypertension prehypertension among adult women rural community nepal methods crosssectional data socioeconomic status ses lifestyle factors blood pressure bp collected cohort 15934 women rural nepal 200608 among subsample n 1679 anthropometry biomarkers cardiovascular risk measured results mean age women 342 years range 164712 years three percent 33 hypertension 144 prehypertension adjusted analysis lower ses especially lower household farm assets storage food long term consumption associated increased odds hypertension 114 midlevel ses 140 low ses p trend lt 001 smoking alcohol use working outside home also associated higher risk subsample systolic bp sbp diastolic bp dbp positively associated high triglycerides sbp 41 mm hg dbp 36 mm hg high hba1c sbp 140 dbp 92 raised fasting glucose sbp 100 dbp 69 high bmi sbp 67 dbp 51 high waist circumference sbp 62 dbp 53 adjusting potential confounders p lt001 conclusions although prevalence hypertension low cohort prevalent among poorer women strongly associated cardiovascular risks associations relatively young age may confer greater risk cardiovascular disease among women later life indicating need interventions reduce progression prehypertension hypertension | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-019-0192-1 |
Jiunn?Yih Su|Steven Guthridge|Vincent Yaofeng He|Damien Howard|Amanda J. Leach | The impact of hearing impairment on early academic achievement in Aboriginal children living in remote Australia: a data linkage study | 2,020 | Charles Darwin University|Menzies School of Health Research|Charles Darwin University|Menzies School of Health Research|Charles Darwin University|Menzies School of Health Research|Phoenix Houses of New England|Charles Darwin University|Menzies School of Health Research | abstract background prevalence otitis media om related hearing loss remained persistently high among groups australian aboriginal children also reported poor academic outcomes general literature remains inconclusive association omrelated hearing loss academic performance primary school study aimed investigate association aboriginal children living northern territory nt australia methods retrospective observational cohort study conducted 2208 nt aboriginal children aged 8 years living remote remote communities explanatory variable audiometrically determined hearing level recorded remote hearing assessment dataset outcome variable consisted scale scores five domains national assessment program literacy numeracy naplan year 3 linked datasets used study included school attendance records perinatal records community level information relative remoteness socioeconomic disadvantage housing crowdedness fixed effects linear regression models used statistical analyses results compared children normal hearing controlling range covariates children mild hearing impairment hi scored lower writing spelling 150 points 95 ci 224 76 p lt 00005 50 points 95 ci 96 03 p 0037 equivalent 73 21 mean score respectively children moderate worse hi scored lower writing numeracy 134 points 95 ci 248 19 p 0022 152 points 95 ci 276 27 p 0017 equivalent 63 mean score respective domain factors associated poorer naplan results included male lower year 2 school attendance low birthweight average household sizegt 5 persons living remote community speaking english second language conclusions omrelated hi independently associated poorer early year academic achievement aboriginal children living remote nt communities interventions improve academic outcomes aboriginal children must incorporate actions address negative impact associated hi early detection effective treatment ongoing support affected children | https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12518 |
Sanni Yaya|Emmanuel Kolawole Odusina|Olalekan A. Uthman|Ghose Bishwajit | What does women’s empowerment have to do with malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from demographic and health surveys from 30 countries | 2,020 | University of Ottawa|Federal University Oye Ekiti|University of Warwick|University of Ottawa | abstract background reduction childhood malnutrition identified priority health development sub saharan african countries association womens empowerment childrens nutritional status policy interest due effect human development labour supply productivity economic growth development study aimed determine association womens empowerment childhood nutritional status sub saharan african countries methods study utilized secondary datasets women child bearing age 1549 years latest demographic health survey dhs conducted 20112017 across 30 sub saharan africa countries outcome variable study childhood nutritional status exposure variable womens empowerment indicators decision making attitude towards violence analyses performed bivariate level use chi square determine association outcome exposure variables multivariate level use regression models examine effect womens empowerment childhood nutritional status results womens sociodemographic selected characteristics statistically significantly associated childhood nutritional status stunted underweight p lt 0001 characteristics also statistically significantly associated empowerment status women decisionmaking violence attitudes experience violence p lt 0001 except child age sex association childhood nutritional statuses womens empowerment three empowerment measures significant controlling covariates could also influence childhood nutrition statuses p lt 001 two empowerment measures attitudes towards violence experience violence showed positive association childhood nutritional statuses third decisionmaking showed negative association conclusion independent relationship childhood nutrition status womens empowerment sub saharan african countries womens empowerment found related childhood nutritional status policies programmes aiming reducing childhood malnutrition include interventions designed empower women subsaharan africa | https://doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-14-00505.1 |
Hendrik Friederichs|Roman Birkenstein|J-C Becker|Bernhard Marschall|Anne Weissenstein | Risk literacy assessment of general practitioners and medical students using the Berlin Numeracy Test | 2,020 | University Hospital Münster|University Hospital Münster|University Hospital Münster|University Hospital Münster|St. Marien Hospital | abstract background responsibility helping patients understand potential health benefits risks especially regarding screening tests falls largely general practitioners gps berlin numeracy test bnt specifically measures risk literacy ie ability understand different aspects statistical numeracy associated accurate interpretation information risks study explored association risk literacy levels clinical experience gps vs medical students additionally effect gp risk literacy evaluation predictive value screening tests examined methods participants 84 gps 92 thirdyear medical students completed bnt total score range 04 points gps received additional case scenario mammography screening simple measure performance applying numeracy skills results despite average 259 years clinical experience gps scored better medical students risk literacy gps 233 points 95 confidence interval ci 208259 students 234 95 ci 207261 p 983 gps 716 n 58 greatly overestimated real predictive value conclusions study found difference risk literacy current students current gps gps lack risk literacy consequently fully understand numeric estimates probability routine screening procedures | https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3216 |
Shanthi Johnson|Manoranjitham Sathyaseelan|Helen Charles|Visalakshi Jeyaseelan|K Jacob | Insight, psychopathology, explanatory models and outcome of schizophrenia in India: a prospective 5-year cohort study | 2,012 | Christian Medical College & Hospital|Christian Medical College & Hospital|Christian Medical College & Hospital|Christian Medical College & Hospital|Christian Medical College & Hospital | abstract background sole focus models insight biomedical perspectives complete exclusion local nonmedical cultural constructs mandates review study attempted investigate impact insight psychopathology explanatory models illness outcome first episode schizophrenia method patients diagnosed dsm iv schizophrenia n 131 assessed prospectively insight psychopathology explanatory models illness baseline 6 12 60 months using standard instruments multiple linear logistic regression generalized estimating equations gee employed assess predictors outcome results could follow 95 725 patients sixtyfive patients 684 achieved remission negative relationship psychosis rating insight scores urban residence fluctuating course initial illness improvement global functioning 6 months lower psychosis rating 12 months significantly related remission 5 years insight scores number nonmedical explanatory models individual explanatory models held later course illness significantly associated outcome analysis longitudinal data using gee showed women rural residence insight scores number nonmedical explanatory models illness held significantly associated bprs scores study period conclusions insight disease model number nonmedical model positively correlated improvement psychosis arguing complex interaction culture context illness variables finding argue insight explanatory models secondary psychopathology course outcome illness awareness mental illness narrative act people make personal sense many challenges face course outcome illness cultural context acceptable cultural explanations prevalent social stigma interact produce complex multifaceted understanding issues complexity calls nuanced framing insight | https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-13 |
Neena Srivastava|Sanjay Awasthi|Gaurav Agarwal | Care-seeking behavior and out-of-pocket expenditure for sick newborns among urban poor in Lucknow, northern India: a prospective follow-up study | 2,009 | King George's Medical University|King George's Medical University|University of Lucknow | abstract background state uttar pradesh india accounts onequarter indias neonatal deaths 8 percent worldwide half 52 deaths occur due infections order achieve millennium development goal4 reducing child mortality twothirds year 2015 important study factors affect neonatal health uttar pradesh meager data spending health care general neonates particular methods study conducted urban reproductive child health rch center district hospital neonates enrolled within 48 hours birth followedup 6 weeks 15 days opd respective hospitals home study assessed 1 distribution neonatal illnesses different health providers sought 2 distribution outofpocket expenditures type illness type health provider sought 3 socioeconomic distribution neonatal illnesses careseeking behavior outofpocket expenditures perprotocol analysis performed results five hundred ten neonates enrolled 481944 followedup parents 503 242481 neonates reported least one symptom illness 223 107481 neonates illnesses least one reported integrated management neonatal childhood illnesses imnci danger sign among imnci illnesses point prevalence septicemia 62 pneumonia 52 among nonimnci illnesses point prevalence upper respiratory infection 95 diarrhea 7 community based nongovernment dispensers ngds leading health providers 376 mean monthly income families 2804 indian rupees inr range 800 14000 n 510 us 1 42 inr mean outofpocket expenditure neonatal illness 5475 inr range 1 15000 n 202 mean outofpocket expenditure hospitalization 4993 inr range 41 15000 n 17 hospitalizations imnci illnesses neonates lower income strata less likely receive medical care p lt 00001 also less likely seen government provider p 003 conclusion since half neonates morbidity outofpocket expenditure neonatal illnesses often exceeds family income lower strata low income group community need either introduce health insurance scheme subsidize health care also since ngds half could unqualified leading health providers qualified medical careseeking sick newborns promoted urban lucknow | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1842-1 |
Yemane Hailu Gebre|Gebrehiwot Weldegebrial Gebru|Kahsa Tadel Gebre | Adoption of artificial insemination technology and its intensity of use in Eastern Tigray National Regional State of Ethiopia | 2,022 | Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research|Mekelle University|Mekelle University | abstract background study focused adoption intensity adoption artificial insemination ai technology saesietsaedaemba district tigray region ethiopia ai one important valuable dairy technology used genetic improvement several years study area however little empirical information major factors affecting adoption decision intensity ai study area purpose study evaluate status ai technology adoption intensity identify major factors influencing adoption intensity use ai technology methods multistage sampling technique applied select study sites sample households structured interview used collect data total 204 sample farmers besides key informants interview used triangulate validate enrich findings household interview results results tobit model regression revealed households level literacy milk yield income training access extension service mobile ownership supplementation concentrated feed hybrid cattle ownership found positive statistically significant relationship adoption intensity ai technology whereas distance farmer training centre ftc office shown negative relationship conclusions adoption contextbased ai technology plays paramount importance achieving farm households food security extension system give emphasis capacity building pivotal introducing adoption scaling best practices dairy technologies besides effort government participation private sector ai technology important achieve wider adoption ai technology | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13661-4 |
Anne-Kathrin Rausch Osthoff|Heiner Baur|Leah Reicherzer|Markus Wirz|Fabienne Keller|Emmanuelle Opsommer|Veronika Schoeb|Stefano Vercelli|Marco Barbero | Physiotherapists’ use and perceptions of digital remote physiotherapy during COVID-19 lockdown in Switzerland: an online cross-sectional survey | 2,021 | ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences|Sulzer (Switzerland)|Bern University of Applied Sciences|ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences|Sulzer (Switzerland)|ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences|Sulzer (Switzerland)|University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland|University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland|University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland|University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland|University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland | abstract background swiss containment strategy covid19 pandemic first wave spring 2020 resulted moratorium nonurgent physiotherapy via regular direct patient contact consequently physiotherapy sessions declined 84 study investigates impact moratorium use digital remote physiotherapy switzerland period perceptions use swiss physiotherapists pts methods crosssectional online questionnaire distributed june august 2020 via swiss physiotherapy association physioswiss various associations physiotherapy specialists eg sport pediatric working inpatient outpatient settings questionnaire designed capture demographics participants perceptions pts using 33 questions following domains demography attitudes towards digital technology private professional use digital technology use digital technology therapy support requirements closed openended questions included frequency answers analyzed nonparametric inferential statistics used identify differences appropriate checklist reporting results internet esurveys cherries adopted results participants survey 742 pts 235 male mean age 43 years mean working experience 18 years germanspeaking 755 frenchspeaking 151 italianspeaking 94 regions switzerland percentage pts using digital remote therapy increased 49 prior lockdown 446 lockdown period majority pts consider digital remote therapy could complement usual physiotherapy practice plan continue digital remote therapy pandemic conclusions lockdown swiss pts adopted various lowcost easily accessible digital technologies however several barriers hampered implementation modality specific education training programs need provided among pts appropriate digital technologies introduced correct reimbursement scheme developed trial registration covidphysio registry world physiotherapy registered 15th june 2020 httpsworldphysiocovid19informationhubcovid19covidphysioregistry | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-10129-1 |
Fred Kigozi|Joshua Ssebunnya|Dorothy Kizza|Sara Cooper|Sheila Ndyanabangi | An overview of Uganda's mental health care system: results from an assessment using the world health organization's assessment instrument for mental health systems (WHO-AIMS) | 2,010 | Butabika Hospital|Makerere University|Butabika Hospital|University of Cape Town|Ministry of Health | abstract background ugandan government recognizes mental health serious public health development concern recent implemented number reforms aimed strengthening countrys mental health system aim study provide profile current mental health policy legislation services uganda methods survey conducted public sector mental health policy legislation service resources utilisation uganda year 2005 using world health organizations assessment instrument mental health systems whoaims version 22 results ugandas draft mental health policy encompasses many positive reforms including decentralization integration mental health services primary health care phc mental health legislation however outdated offensive services still significantly underfunded 1 health expenditure going mental health skewed towards urban areas per 100000 population 183 beds mental hospitals 14 beds community based psychiatric inpatient units 042 beds forensic facilities total personnel working mental health facilities 310 113 per 100000 population 08 medical doctors 4 nurses specialized psychiatry conclusion although important developments ugandas mental health policy services remains number shortcomings especially terms resources service delivery urgent need research current burden mental disorders functioning mental health programs services uganda | https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.2022 |
Liv Marit Valen Schougaard|Caroline Trillingsgaard Mejdahl|Jakob Christensen|Kirsten Lomborg|Helle Terkildsen Maindal|Annette de Thurah|Niels Henrik Hjøllund | Patient-initiated versus fixed-interval patient-reported outcome-based follow-up in outpatients with epilepsy: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial | 2,019 | Aarhus University|Aarhus University|Aarhus University Hospital|Aarhus University|Aarhus University|Aarhus University|Aarhus University Hospital | abstract background use patientreported outcome pro could potentially contribute reorganization health care system ambuflex pro system used remote patient monitoring questionnaires sent patients fixed intervals pro data used clinicians decide whether patients need clinical attention better selfmanagement costsaving followup activities may achieved letting patients initiate need contact evaluated effects patientinitiated probased outpatient followup health care resource utilization quality care patient perspective methods conducted parallel twoarm pragmatic randomized controlled trial department neurology aarhus university hospital denmark outpatients epilepsy 15 years old attending fixedinterval probased followup webbased questionnaires randomly assigned ratio 055045 either 1 patientinitiated probased followup open access telepro 2 fixedinterval probased followup standard telepro primary outcome number outpatient hospital contacts related epilepsy retrieved regional registry hospitals admissions emergency room visits also assessed secondary selfreported outcomes including general health wellbeing health literacy selfefficacy number seizures side effects confidence safety satisfaction retrieved questionnaires data analyzed intentiontotreat perprotocol approaches results january 2016 july 2016 593 patients randomized either open access telepro n 346 standard telepro n 247 18 months statistically significant differences found arms regarding number telephone consultations outpatient visits patients open access arm slightly lower statistically significant number emergency room visits patients standard arm selfreported mental wellbeing open access arm slightly statistically significantly lower standard arm secondary outcomes differ statistically significantly arms conclusion study find hypothesized less use health care resources improved patient selfmanagement satisfaction patientinitiated probased initiative compared fixedinterval probased followup patientinitiated probased followup may used alternative fixedinterval probased followup patients prefer approach insufficient evidence recommending systemwide shift patientinitiated probased followup trial registration registered 4 february 2016 clinicaltrialsgov nct02673580 | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00029-8 |
Roger Ho|Melvyn W. Zhang|Cyrus S.H. Ho|Fang Pan|Yanxia Lu|Vijay K. Sharma | Impact of 2013 south Asian haze crisis: study of physical and psychological symptoms and perceived dangerousness of pollution level | 2,014 | Shandong University|Shandong University | abstract background widespread forest fires indonesia june 2013 led widespread haze neighbouring countries first study medical literature reporting acute physical psychological symptoms general population haze crisis evaluated factors associated psychological stress haze exposure methods study conducted june 21 june 26 2013 participants recruited online recruitment post snowball sampling techniques participants required complete online survey composed demographics questionnaire physical symptom checklist perceived dangerous pollutant standard index psi value views n95 mask impact event scalerevised iesr results total 298 participants returned completed study questionnaire respondents reported mean number 403 physical symptoms sd 26 five common physical symptoms include mouth throat discomfort 688 nose discomfort 641 eye discomfort 607 headache 503 breathing difficulty 403 total iesr score 1847 sd 1169 indicated study population experienced mild psychological stress extent acute stress reaction syndrome perceived dangerous psi level number physical symptoms significantly associated mean intrusion score mean hyperarousal score total mean iesr score total iesr score p lt 005 conclusions findings suggest haze crisis associated acute physical symptoms mild psychological stress number physical symptoms perceived dangerous psi values important factors associated psychological stress | https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-416 |
Anita Ho | Are we ready for artificial intelligence health monitoring in elder care? | 2,020 | University of British Columbia | abstract background world experiencing dramatic increase aging population challenging sustainability traditional care models relied inperson monitoring debate article discusses whether artificial intelligence health monitoring may suitable enhancement replacement elder care main text internationally life expectancy continues rise many countries facing severe shortage direct care workers health workforce aging replacement remains challenge artificial intelligence health monitoring technologies may play novel significant role filling human resource gaps caring older adults complementing current care provision reducing burden family caregivers improving quality care nonetheless opportunities brought emerging technologies raise ethical questions must addressed ensure automated systems truly enhance care health outcomes older adults debate article explores ethical dimensions using automated health monitoring technologies argues order health monitoring technologies fulfill wishes older adults age place also empower improve quality life need deep knowledge stakeholders may balance considerations relational care safety privacy conclusion design artificial intelligence health monitoring technologies intersecting clinical ethical factors mind resulting systems enhance productive relational care facilitate independent living promote older adults health outcomes minimize waste | https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdz126 |
John Browne|Liz Jamieson|Jim Lewsey|Jan van der Meulen|Lynn P. Copley|Nick Black | Case-mix & patients' reports of outcome in Independent Sector Treatment Centres: Comparison with NHS providers | 2,008 | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Royal College of Surgeons of England|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Royal College of Surgeons of England|Royal College of Surgeons of England|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine | abstract background considerable concern expressed outcomes achieved independent sector treatment centres istcs introduced england since 2003 aim compare casemix patients reported outcomes surgery istcs nhs providers methods prospective cohort study 769 patients treated six istcs 1895 treated 20 nhs providers acute hospitals treatment centres england 200607 participants underwent one three day surgery procedures inguinal hernia repair varicose vein surgery cataract extraction hip knee replacement change patientreported health status health related quality life measured using diseasespecific generic eq5d instrument assessed either 3months day surgery 6months hipknee surgery addition patientreported postoperative complications overall assessment success surgery collected outcome measures adjusted using multivariable regression patient characteristics disease severity duration symptoms age sex socioeconomic status general health previous similar surgery comorbidity results postoperative response rates varied procedure 7388 similar treated istcs nhs facilities patients treated istcs healthier less likely comorbidity undergoing cataract surgery joint replacement primary condition less severe undergoing hernia repair joint replacement less likely similar surgery adjustment made preoperative characteristics patients undergoing cataract surgery hip replacement istcs achieved slightly greater improvement functional status quality life treated nhs facilities opposite true patients undergoing hernia repair significant differences found two procedures patients treated istcs less likely report postoperative problems treated nhs facilities cataract surgery adjusted odds ratio 035 95 ci 017070 hernia repair 042 028063 knee replacement 044 028069 patients described result operation excellent good good regardless treated conclusion casemix patients treated istcs differs nhs providers line intention contracts caution needed interpreting observation patients treated istcs reported slightly better outcomes istcs participated casemix adjustment might insufficient patients reports might biased likely satisfied way treated | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8274-z |
Grace McGeoch|Sheena Derry|R Andrew Moore | Self?monitoring of blood glucose in type?2 diabetes: what is the evidence? | 2,007 | University of Oxford|University of Oxford|University of Oxford | abstract background controversy selfmonitoring blood glucose smbg patients type 2 diabetes using insulin randomized trials limited duration size validity methods systematic search randomized trials observational studies published since 1990 inclusion studies report smbg type 2 diabetes managed oral hypoglycaemic agents andor diet alone hba 1c clinical outcome least 50 patients least 6 months duration results three randomized trials 1000 patients included though interventions differing amount education smbg population studied two larger studies statistically significantly lower hba 1c levels smbg thirteen observational studies information 60 000 patients smaller studies lower initial hba 1c showed association smbg laboratory clinical improvement larger studies tended higher initial hba 1c show association smbg laboratory clinical improvement overall improvement glycaemic control smbg tended seen studies initial hba 1c 8 conclusions likely smbg beneficial circumstances example educational tool patients type 2 diabetes using insulin poor glycaemic control information needed level individual patient rather group means timing frequency monitoring response results constitutes effective patient education longterm clinical outcomes copyright 2007 john wiley amp sons ltd | https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12850 |
Heather Greenlee|Ann Ogden Gaffney|A. Corina Aycinena|Pamela Koch|Isobel R. Contento|Wahida Karmally|John M. Richardson|Emerson A. Lim|Wei?Yann Tsai|Katherine D. Crew|Matthew Maurer|Kevin Kalinsky|Dawn L. Hershman | ¡Cocinar Para Su Salud!: Randomized Controlled Trial of a Culturally Based Dietary Intervention among Hispanic Breast Cancer Survivors | 2,015 | null | abstract background need culturally relevant nutrition programs targeted underserved cancer survivors objective aim examine effect culturally based approach dietary change increasing fruitvegetable fv intake decreasing fat intake among hispanic breast cancer survivors design participants randomized intervention control groups diet recalls detailed interviews fasting blood anthropometric measures collected baseline 3 6 12 months participantssetting hispanic women n70 stage 0 iii breast cancer completed adjuvant treatment lived new york city randomized april 2011 march 2012 intervention intervention group n34 participated icocinar para su salud culturally based ninesession 24 hours 12 weeks intervention including nutrition education cooking classes foodshopping field trips control group n36 received written dietary recommendations breast cancer survivors main outcome measures change 6 months daily fv servings percent calories total fat main outcome measures statistical analyses linear regression models adjusted stratification factors estimated marginal means used compare changes diet baseline 3 6 months results baseline characteristics following mean age 566 years standard deviation 97 years mean time since diagnosis 34 years standard deviation 27 years mean body mass index calculated kgm 2 309 standard deviation 60 629 annual household income 15000 mean daily servings fv 53 targeted fv 37 servings excluding legumesjuicesstarchy vegetablesfried foods 277 daily calories fat 60 intervention group attended seven nine classes overall study retention 87 retention 6 months month 6 intervention group compared control group reported increase mean servings fv baseline fv 20 vs 01 p 0005 targeted fv 27 vs 05 p 0002 nonsignificant decrease percent calories fat 75 vs 44 p 023 weight 25 kg vs 38 kg p 022 conclusions icocinar para su salud effective increasing shortterm fv intake diverse population hispanic breast cancer survivors | https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12422 |
Stephanie M. Stehle|Erin E. Peters?Burton | Developing student 21st Century skills in selected exemplary inclusive STEM high schools | 2,019 | George Mason University|George Mason University | abstract background need arm students noncognitive 21 st century skills prepare stembased job market stem schools created response call action research needed better understand exemplary stem schools successfully accomplish goal conversion mixed method study analyzed student work samples teacher lesson plans seven exemplary inclusive stem high schools better understand level teachers schools engaging developing student 21 st century skills results found 67 lesson plans collected inclusive stem high schools 50 included instruction 21 st century skills lesson plans designed instruction 21 st century skills introductory level lesson plans encouraged multiple 21 st century skills addressed higher levels skills although significant difference levels 21 st century skills grade level overall trend higher levels 21 st century skills demonstrated lesson plans designed grades 11 12 also found lesson plans lasted three days higher levels 21 st century skills conclusions findings suggest inclusive stem high schools provide environments support development 21 st century skills yet done area teacher professional development improve instruction high levels 21 st century skills | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-009-0180-6 |
Nicola Botting | Language, literacy and cognitive skills of young adults with developmental language disorder (DLD) | 2,020 | City, University of London | abstract background limited evidence concerning longer term language literacy cognitive skills young adults developmental language disorder dld studies exist suggest continuing difficulties language reading abilities may change time aims study aimed examine language literacy cognitive skills young adults without dld methods amp procedures data used manchester language study data set collected group young adults dld recruited originally 7 years age language unitsspecialist educational resource bases participants assessed language literacy cognitive functioning aged 24 comparison group agematched peers amps also 24 years old also assessed language cognition change scores 16 24 years also available analysis finally selfrated measures literacy difficulties taken 24 years functional reading writing outcome amp results results indicate young people dld sample continue perform poorly group formal oral written language tests small significant minority young adults dld also report functional reading writing difficulties compared amps despite reporting reading often peer group compared scores 16 years age subsample appears show slightly less risk nonverbal iq difficulties showing small significant catchup amps conclusions amp implications preliminary data suggest least individuals dld experience marked linguistic difficulties adulthood pathways language literacy cognition entirely parallel group continued support awareness challenges young adults dld may useful paper adds already known subject known dld long term persists adulthood recently body work reporting wellbeing population well employment financial status driving ability however little information language literacy cognitive skills beyond school age paper adds existing knowledge study presents data language literacy cognition large cohort young adults dld amps sample large proportion participants score low language fewer scoring impaired literacy cognition significant minority reports difficulties functional reading preliminary analysis appears suggest language development remains depressed nonverbal cognitive skills show catch time potential actual clinical implications work increased awareness continued support language literacy cognition may useful young adults dld | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10252-7 |
Seth Himelhoch|Sarah A. Edwards|Mark J. Ehrenreich|M. Philip Luber | Teaching Lifelong Research Skills in Residency: Implementation and Outcome of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Course | 2,015 | University of Maryland, Baltimore|Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital|The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio|Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital|University of Maryland, Baltimore|The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio|University of Maryland, Baltimore|Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital|The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio|University of Maryland, Baltimore|Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital|The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio | abstract background rising concern fundamental scientific principles critical lifelong learning scientific literacy sufficiently addressed residency objective describe development implementation evaluation systematic review metaanalysis course designed improve residents research literacy intervention developed implemented novel interactive webenhanced course thirdyear psychiatry residents provide theoretical methodological tools conducting reporting systematic reviews metaanalyses course based blooms learning model established criteria reporting systematic reviews metaanalyses eight sequential learning objectives linked 8 wellspecified assignments objectives designed build one another lead creation scientific manuscript results 20102014 54 thirdyear psychiatry residents 19 unique groups successfully completed course part graduation requirement majority rated course good good participants reported statistically significant increase confidence conduct systematic reviews 2 233 p amplt 05 metaanalyses fisher exact test p amplt 05 estimated total dedicated resident faculty time period 36 weeks 36 72 hours 60 hours respectively residents academic productivity included 11 conference presentations 4 peerreviewed published manuscripts 2 residents awarded honors projects conclusions formal training course systematic reviews metaanalyses offers valuable learning experience enhances residents research skills academic productivity feasible sustainable approach | https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.056 |
Mehra Shirazi|Joan R. Bloom|Aida Shirazi|Rona Popal | Afghan immigrant women's knowledge and behaviors around breast cancer screening | 2,012 | Berkeley Public Health Division|University of California, Berkeley|Oregon State University|Berkeley Public Health Division|University of California, Berkeley|Afghan Coalition|Afghan Coalition | abstract background communitybased participatory research conducted provide preliminary understanding afghan women northern california view breast health methods results based demographics indepth semistructured interviews conducted 53 nonenglishspeaking firstgeneration immigrant muslim afghan women 40 years older results findings showed low levels knowledge awareness breast cancer low utilization earlydetection examinations breast cancer among participants conclusions findings also suggest significant need communitybased breast health education program recognizes unique social cultural religious dynamics muslim afghan community copyright 2012 john wiley amp sons ltd | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11071-6 |
Ejaz Ahmed|Muhammad Arshad|Abdul Saboor|Rahmatullah Qureshi|Ghazala Mustafa|Shumaila Sadiq|Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari | Ethnobotanical appraisal and medicinal use of plants in Patriata, New Murree, evidence from Pakistan | 2,013 | Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University|Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University|Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University|Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University|Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University|Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University|Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University | abstract background paper reflects empirical findings ethnobotanical survey undertaken patriata new murree district rawalpindi pakistan aims objectives study document indigenous knowledge plants particularly medicinal veterinary fruit vegetable fodder fuel etc methods purpose whole area surveyed documenting folk knowledge using semistructured questionnaire total 93 plants species belonging 80 genera 56 families found variety uses local people accomplishment basic needs study employs binary logit regression model medicinal uses plants identify probability occurrence medicinal use woody nonwoody plants keeping plant characteristics view results ethnobotanical data shows plants used medicinal fodder purposes 2793 followed fuel 1690 fruit 655 vegetable 552 ethnoveterinary 379 also established association medicinal use plants fruits use nonwoody plants high tendency towards medicinal use plants compared woody plants annual plants less likely directly associated medicinal use plants surveyed vegetation underground plant parts likely used medicinal purposes revealed logit expressions conclusions study revealed plants used medicinal fodder purposes results logit model showed probabilities plant species medicinal use associated woody nonwoody aerial underground perennial annual characteristics plants one careful completely generalizing results survey findings sensitive plant species vegetation consideration specified exists either positive negative association medicinal use plants various characteristics plant species | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0844-0 |
Margaret MacDougall|Helen Cameron|Simon Maxwell | Medical graduate views on statistical learning needs for clinical practice: a comprehensive survey | 2,019 | University of Edinburgh|Aston University|Western General Hospital|University of Edinburgh | abstract background paper seeks contribute reputable evidence base required competencies across different topics statistics probability statistical topics preparing medical graduates clinical practice order inform prioritization statistical topics within future undergraduate medical curricula exploring need preparing tomorrows doctors producers merely consumers statistics methods conducted comprehensive online survey july 2013 august 2014 target group 462 medical graduates current prior experience teaching undergraduate medical students university edinburgh 278 602 responded statistical topics ranked proportion respondents identified practice statistics performing statistical procedures calculations using appropriate data required competency medical schools provide preparing undergraduate medical students clinical practice mixed effects analyses used identify potential predictors selection competency compare likelihood selection range statistical topics versus critical appraisal results evidence gleaned medical graduates experiences clinical practice need theoretical understanding statistics probability also ability practice statistics nature employment statistical topic highly significant predictors choice practice statistics required competency f 3777 p lt 00005 f 45834 p lt 00005 respectively popular topic competency graphical presentation data 843 respondents contrast crossover trials competency understanding theory 705 respondents several topics found popular critical appraisal competency practice statistics conclusions model medical graduates mere consumers statistics oversimplified contrary suggested elsewhere statistical learning opportunities undergraduate medicine restricted development critical appraisal skills indeed findings support development learning opportunities undergraduate medical students producers statistics across wide range statistical topics | https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnz215 |
Douglas Ashwell|Joanna Cullinane|Stephen M. Croucher | COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and patient self-advocacy: a statistical analysis of those who can and can’t get vaccinated | 2,022 | Massey University|Massey University|Massey University | abstract background study applies patient selfadvocacy scale investigate vaccine hesitancy new zealand due new zealands limited tertiary hospital system vulnerable populations governments strategy address covid19 prevent virus entering nation eliminate cross border therefore opportunity nation generate acquired immunity exposure transition closed borders new zealand need run highly successful national vaccination programme needs ability drive influential public health messaging targeted places within communities vaccine hesitancy exists methods study employed statistical methods nationally representative survey adults new zealand n 1852 collected via qualtrics independent samples ttests multiple regression used explore research questions results identify medically able vaccinated expressed significantly higher confidence covid19 vaccine identified unable vaccinated patientself advocacy positive effect vaccine confidence individuals identify able vaccinated less hesitancy demographics various effects vaccine hesitancy conclusion research highlights particularly important insights vaccine hesitancy related patient selfadvocacy behaviours various demographic variables political affiliation addition research adds clarity new zealanders responded covidvaccine finally importance vaccine literacy discussed | https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-342 |
Mana Doi?Kanno|Yuka Kanoya|Emílio Hideyuki Moriguchi | The effects of a leaflet-based health guide on health literacy, self-efficacy, and satisfaction among older Japanese-Brazilian adults living in Brazil: A quasi-experimental study | 2,021 | Yokohama City University|Yokohama City University|Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul | abstract background study assessed effects japanese leafletbased health guide older japanesebrazilian adults living brazil health literacy selfefficacy satisfaction health guide participants subjective health status methods study followed onegroup pretestposttest design set japanesebrazilian community south brazil 21 participants japanesebrazilian individuals aged 65 years living brazil able converse japanese annual health checkup 2016 provided 20 min health guidance japanese using leaflet included information lifestylerelated diseases recommended salt sugar intake levels graphical charts participants health literacy hl primary outcome selfefficacy satisfaction leafletbased health guide participants subjective health status secondary outcomes assessed effect completion health checkups 2016 2017 data analyzed using repeated measures anova bonferroni multiple comparison test required results statistical significant differences hl functional hl p value 022 communicative hl p value 017 critical hl p value 040 total hl score p value 012 selfefficacy p value 028 across three assessment points detected statistical significant difference satisfaction health guide postintervention 2016 2017 baseline score 867204 postintervention score 2016 925122 postintervention score 2017 762219 p value repeated anova lt 001 p 2 028 p value multiple comparison 2016 2017 001 95 ci 4092851 however bonferroni multiple comparison test show pairwise difference multiple comparisons participants satisfaction subjective health status scores baseline 696242 postintervention 2016 785211 postintervention 2017 580311 p value repeated anova 002 p 2 021 p values multiple comparisonsgt 005 scores outcomes except selfefficacy increased baseline postintervention 2016 declined postintervention 2017 conclusions leafletbased intervention appeared shortterm effects findings suggest direct intervention older adults native language may improve satisfaction living nonnative countries trial registration uminctr unique registration id umin000032443 retrospectively registered may 1 2018 httpsuploaduminacjpcgiopenbinctrectrviewcgirecptnor000036999 | https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12010 |
Gwendolyn P. Quinn|Susan T. Vadaparampil|Teri L. Malo|Joyce Reinecke|Bethanne Bower|Terrance L. Albrecht|Marla L. Clayman | Oncologists' use of patient educational materials about cancer and fertility preservation | 2,011 | University of South Florida|Moffitt Cancer Center|University of South Florida|Moffitt Cancer Center|Moffitt Cancer Center|Livestrong Foundation|Moffitt Cancer Center|The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute|Wayne State University|Northwestern University | abstract background study sought determine prevalence distribution fertility preservation fp materials source materials providers perceived relevance materials among sample us oncologists methods 53item survey administered via mail web stratified sample oncologists american medical association masterfile study represents subset results reporting three survey items results among 511 oncologists 32 response rate 135 n 69 reported always often giving patients educational materials fp among reported ever distributing materials 395 used american cancer society materials 110 used fertile hope 64 used lance armstrong foundation 118 used among provided materials 274 believe fp materials provide relevant patients specific cancer diagnosis conclusion need improve oncologists distribution fp educational materials patients cancer copyright 2011 john wiley amp sons ltd | https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22880 |
Naoko Kato-Nitta|Yoshiyuki Inagaki|Tadahiko Maeda|Masashi Tachikawa | Effects of information on consumer attitudes towards gene-edited foods: a comparison between livestock and vegetables | 2,021 | Research Organization of Information and Systems|Research Organization of Information and Systems|Research Organization of Information and Systems|Nagoya University | abstract background study statistically explores relationship information provision peoples attitudes towards application geneediting technology food contrasting cases geneedited livestock vegetables japan japanese food producers researchers optimistic application clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats crispr approach food due strict regulations regarding genetically modified gm food gm crops commercially cultivated japan consumers worldwide concerns application technology food examination issue japanese consumers lower acceptance towards gm food provide essential information global agricultural communities methods using web survey splitballot experimental design used randomly assign respondents two groups 1 animal group information breeding technologies including gene editing provided using pig illustrations 2 plant group information provided using tomato illustrations multivariate analysis variance posthoc ttests applied examine statistical differences plant animal groups attitudes towards geneedited livestock vegetables statistical analyses conducted examine scientific knowledge influences attitudes results respondents found geneedited vegetables beneficial geneedited livestock agreement stronger vegetables livestock respondents attitudes towards geneedited livestock differed depending whether shown pig illustrations tomato illustrations plant group scored significantly lower regarding geneedited livestock compared animal group statistical difference observed two groups case geneedited vegetables furthermore higher science literacy group always scored higher regarding improvements vegetable breeding concordant regarding improvements livestock breeding conclusions people concerned geneedited livestock geneedited vegetables respondents provided information tomato illustrations advance demonstrated lower acceptance towards geneedited livestock provided information pig illustrations applying technology livestock size enlargement improvements might considered risky public contrast vegetables | https://doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.25.2.93 |
Kamalika Mojumdar|Madhu Vajpayee|Neeraj Chauhan|Sanjay Mendiratta | Late presenters to HIV care and treatment, identification of associated risk factors in HIV-1 infected Indian population | 2,010 | All India Institute of Medical Sciences|All India Institute of Medical Sciences|All India Institute of Medical Sciences|All India Institute of Medical Sciences | abstract background timely access antiretroviral therapy key controlling hiv infection late diagnosis presentation care diminish benefits antiretrovirals increase risk transmission aimed identify late presenters patients sent first cd4 cell count hiv diagnosis therapy initiation evaluation aimed identifying patient factors associated higher risk late presentation methods retrospective data collection analysis done 3680 subjects visiting laboratory cd4 cell counts 2001 2007 segregated patients basis cd4 cell counts first hiv diagnosis factors associated risk late presentation cd4 cell counts hiv diagnosis identified using univariate analysis strength association individual factor assessed calculation odds ratios results 3680 subjects 2936 8337 defined late presenters late testing varied among age groups transmission categories gender males twice likely present late compared females found significant positive association heterosexual transmission route p lt 0001 older age groups 45 years p 00004 late presentation female sex children 14 years age sexual contact hiv positive spouse associated significantly lower risks presenting late intravenous drug users also associated lower risks late presentation comparison heterosexual transmission route conclusions study identifies hiv infected population groups higher risk late presentation care treatment risk factors identified associated late presentation utilised formulating targeted public health interventions order improve early hiv diagnosis | https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2017.3 |
Kristoffer Halvorsrud|Justyna Kucharska|Katherine Adlington|K. Rüdell|Eva Brown Hajdukova|James Nazroo|Maria Haarmans|James Rhodes|Kamaldeep Bhui | Identifying evidence of effectiveness in the co-creation of research: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the international healthcare literature | 2,019 | Queen Mary University of London|Queen Mary University of London|University of Westminster|East London NHS Foundation Trust|Centre for Mental Health|Queen Mary University of London|Queen Mary University of London|University of Manchester|University of Manchester|University of Manchester|Queen Mary University of London | abstract background investigate address evidence gap effectiveness cocreationproduction international health research methods initial systematic search previous reviews published 22 july 2017 medline embase psycinfo scopus web science extracted reported aims elements outcomes cocreationproduction 50 reviews however reviews rarely tested effectiveness intended outcomes therefore checked reference lists 13 included systematic reviews cited quantitative studies involving publicpatients design andor implementation research projects conduct metaanalyses effectiveness using standardized mean difference smd results twentysix primary studies included showing moderate positive effects community functions smd 056 95ci 029084 n 11 small positive effects physical health smd 025 95ci 007042 n 9 healthpromoting behaviour smd 014 95ci 003026 n 11 selfefficacy smd 034 95ci 001067 n 3 health service accessreceipt smd 036 95ci 021052 n 12 nonacademic stakeholders cocreated one research stage showed significantly favourable mental health outcomes however cocreation rarely extended later stages evaluationdissemination studies specifically ethnic minority groups conclusions cocreation research may improve several healthrelated outcomes public health broadly research lacking longer term effects | https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0795 |
Hanne Søberg Finbråten|Øystein Guttersrud|Gun Nordström|Kjell Sverre Pettersen|Anne Trollvik|Bodil Wilde?Larsson | Explaining variance in health literacy among people with type 2 diabetes: the association between health literacy and health behaviour and empowerment | 2,020 | Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences|University of Oslo|Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences|OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University|Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences|Karlstad University | abstract background reflect health literacy hl skills needed managing type 2 diabetes t2dm everyday life hl people t2dm measured broader perspective basic skills proficiency reading writing hlsq12 based european health literacy survey questionnaire hlseuq47 assesses four cognitive domains across three health domains international studies people t2dm show inconsistent results regarding association hl general health association hl glycaemic control moreover knowledge needed related link hl empowerment t2dm aims study examine association hl general health diabetes outcomes ii hl health behaviours iii hl empowerment people t2dm methods march april 2015 388 adults t2dm responded paperandpencil selfadministered questionnaire sequential multiple regression analysis applied explore association hl measured hlsq12 health conditions hba1c health behaviours empowerment results people t2dm higher levels hl associated higher levels education better overall health conditions higher selfperceived empowerment empirical evidence strengthening either link hl glycaemic control link hl health behaviours found conclusions independent variables education level overall health condition empowerment explained onethird total observed variance hl | https://doi.org/10.1515/bsrj-2017-0012 |
Funda Da?|Evren ?umuer|Levent Durdu | The effect of an unplugged coding course on primary school students' improvement in their computational thinking skills | 2,023 | Kocaeli Üniversitesi|Kocaeli Üniversitesi|Kocaeli Üniversitesi | abstract background today computational thinking ct considered form literacy taken place ict curriculum many countries k12 level therefore need evidence regards theoretical practical understanding ct skills development k12 students objectives purpose study investigate effect unplugged coding course primary school students development ct skills differences ct skills terms sociodemographics gender computer ownership daily computer use home internet access relationship ct 21st century skills methods research based quasiexperimental design onegroup pretestposttest followup ct skills 212 third fourth grade students public primary school turkey measured ct skills test ten weeks following attended unplugged coding course results conclusions results study showed unplugged coding course statistically significantly improved participants ct skills specifically algorithmic design abstraction evaluation decomposition generalization moreover findings indicated primary school students ct skills associated sociodemographics addition students ct skills found positively statistically significantly correlated collaboration communication skills implications study contributes understanding effects unplugged activities development primary school students ct skills beneficial teaching practices ct skills primary education | https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0482 |
Genevieve Young?Southward|Ewelina Rydzewska|Christopher Philo|Sally?Ann Cooper | Physical and mental health of young people with and without intellectual disabilities: cross?sectional analysis of a whole country population | 2,017 | University of Glasgow|University of Glasgow|University of Glasgow|University of Glasgow | abstract background transition adulthood may period vulnerability health individuals intellectual disabilities largescale studies compared health individuals without intellectual disabilities undergoing transition aims study 1 compare health transition individuals without intellectual disabilities across whole country population 2 establish whether transition associated health population intellectual disabilities methods data drawn scotlands census 2011 frequency data calculated young people without intellectual disabilities logistic regressions used determine extent intellectual disabilities account seven health outcomes general health mental health physical disabilities hearing impairment visual impairment longterm illness daytoday activity limitations adjusted age gender within intellectual disabilities population logistic regressions used determine whether age group 1318 1924 years associated seven health outcomes adjusted gender results total 5556815 889 young people aged 1324 years intellectual disabilities intellectual disabilities 961250 times likely poor health seven outcomes within population intellectual disabilities 19 24yearolds intellectual disabilities likely mental health problems 13 18yearolds poorer health outcomes difference age groups mental health problems greater young people intellectual disabilities overall level mental health problems substantially lower young people intellectual disabilities conclusions largesttodate study quantifies extent substantial health disparities experienced young people intellectual disabilities compared people without intellectual disabilities young population intellectual disabilities substantial health problems therefore transition child adult services must carefully planned order ensure existing health conditions managed emerging problems minimised | https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00288.x |
Sudha Jayaraman|Jacqueline Mabweijano|Michael S. Lipnick|Nolan Caldwell|Justin Miyamoto|Robert Wangoda|Cephas Mijumbi|Renee Y. Hsia|Rochelle Dicker|Doruk Ozgediz | Current Patterns of Prehospital Trauma Care in Kampala, Uganda and the Feasibility of a Lay-First-Responder Training Program | 2,009 | University of California, San Francisco|Mulago Hospital|Makerere University|Brigham and Women's Hospital|Office of Education|University of California, San Francisco|Office of Education|University of California, San Francisco|Mulago Hospital|Makerere University|Mulago Hospital|Makerere University|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco General Hospital|University of Toronto|Hospital for Sick Children|SickKids Foundation | abstract background uganda currently organized prehospital emergency system sought measure current burden injury seen lay people kampala uganda determine feasibility lay firstresponder training program methods conducted crosssectional survey current prehospital care providers kampala police officers minibus taxi drivers local council officials collected data types frequencies emergencies witnessed barriers aid provision history training current availability firstaid supplies contextappropriate course basic firstaid trauma designed implemented measured changes trainees fund knowledge training results total 309 lay people participated study previous 6 months saw 18 traumatic emergencies 39 saw injuryrelated death common injury mechanisms road crashes assault burns cases 90 trainees provided aid commonly lifting 82 transport 76 fiftytwo percent trainees previous firstaid training 44 access equipment 32 ever purchased firstaid kit training participants answered 45 test questions correctly mean increased 86 training p lt 00001 conclusions lay people witness many emergencies deaths kampala uganda provide much needed care illprepared contextappropriate prehospital trauma care course developed improve lay peoples knowledge basic trauma care effectiveness training program needs evaluated prospectively | https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2011.02541.x |
Betregiorgis Zegeye|Bright Opoku Ahinkorah|Dina Idriss-Wheeler|Comfort Z. Olorunsaiye|Nicholas Kofi Adjei|Sanni Yaya | Modern contraceptive utilization and its associated factors among married women in Senegal: a multilevel analysis | 2,021 | University of Technology Sydney|University of Ottawa|Arcadia University|Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS|University of Ottawa | abstract background utilization modern contraceptives still low lowand middleincome countries although fertility population growth rates high senegal modern contraceptive utilization low studies focusing associated factors study examined modern contraceptive use associated factors among married women senegal methods data 2017 continuous demographic health survey cdhs 11394 married women analysed examined associations demographic socioeconomic characteristics women partners modern contraceptive use using multilevel logistic regression models adjusted odds ratios 95 confidence intervals ci estimated results utilization modern contraceptives among married women 263 individual level factors associated modern contraceptive use womens age 4549 yearsaor 044 030063 womens educational level higheraor 188 128276 husbands educational level higheraor 143 110185 number living children 5 childrenaor 3314 19205722 ideal number children 2 childrenaor 195 113335 desire children wants moreaor 246 206294 ethnicity diolaaor 070 050099 media exposure yesaor 144 116179 wealth index richeraor 131 103167 decision making power women decision making twoaor 120 102141 whereas region matamaor 035 023053 place residence ruralaor 076 063093 community literacy level highaor 131 101171 community knowledge level modern contraceptives highaor 137 113167 found significant community level factors conclusions findings indicate individual community level factors significantly associated modern contraceptive use among married women senegal interventions focus enhancing literacy levels women husbands communities furthermore strengthening awareness attitude towards family planning given priority especially rural areas regions low resources | https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2011.0217 |
Ines Cherif|Houyem Khiari|Fahmi Mghirbi|Rym Mallekh|Amel Mézlini|Mohamed Hsaïri | COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Tunisian cancer patients in the Salah Azaeiz Institute of Cancer | 2,021 | Institut Salah-Azaïz|Institut Salah-Azaïz|Institut Salah-Azaïz|Institut Salah-Azaïz | abstract background vaccination sarscov2 effective way stop pandemic avoid related deaths covid19 vaccine hesitancy represent major hurdle achieve herd immunity cancer patients constitute prioritized group covid19 vaccination particularly vulnerable severe infection death aim study assess vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients salah azaiez institute sai cancer identify knowledge attitudes associated factors methods cross sectional study conducted among inpatients aged 18 years old month february 2021 participants asked according wellstructured questionnaire knowledge vaccine literacy attitudes towards covid19 vaccine vaccine literacy assed using two scales functional interactivecritical scales global score calculated ranging 1 4 lower score corresponding lower vaccine literacy chi square test students test used identify knowledge attitudes associated covid19 vaccine hesitancy p value equal less 005 considered statistically significant results two hundred cancer patients included mean age 544127 gender ratio equal 05 sixtyfive percent reported would receive covid19 vaccine vaccine hesitancy associated lower interactive vaccine literacy score 1608 vs 20 p 0002 skepticism regarding covid19 vaccine efficacy safety 738 vs 385 p amplt 0001 believing health authorities able vaccinate majority population 712 vs 557 p 0037 conclusions proportion covid19 vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients high mass media campaigns vaccine promotion enhanced physicians health care workers play key role increasing acceptance uptake covid19 vaccine among high risk patients key messages majority cancer patients unwilling receive covid19 vaccine patient education benefits vaccination sarscov2 integral part oncology visits | https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-1083 |
S. A. R. Syed Alwi|E. Rafidah|Zurraini Arabi|O. Juslina|I. B. Brohi|Stefanus Lukas | A survey on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and concern among Malaysians | 2,021 | Universiti Malaysia Sarawak|Universiti Malaysia Sarawak|Universiti Malaysia Sarawak|Universiti Malaysia Sarawak|Universiti Malaysia Sarawak|Universiti Malaysia Sarawak | abstract background vaccination effective way curtail burden covid19 success depends high acceptance vaccine however addressing concerns among vaccinehesitant individuals essential avoid failure immunisation programme study sought assess concerns acceptance rates regarding covid19 vaccine among malaysians methods online questionnaire distributed 1411 respondents via snowball sampling method among malaysians aged 18 years results majority respondents young adults 407 female 628 malay 638 muslim 723 married 529 tertiary education 868 without medical illness 85 social media 974 primary source information regarding covid19 overall acceptance rate high 833 lowest rates among elderly aged 60 years 634 pensioners 646 hesitance caused concerns regarding side effects 958 safety 847 lack information 809 effectiveness 636 religious 208 cultural factors related covid19 vaccine 68 respondents diabetes mellitus 247 hypercholesterolemia 23 hesitant accept covid19 vaccine 161 158 respectively predictors covid19 vaccine hesitance age religion current residence conclusions results indicate high rate acceptance covid19 vaccine among malaysians thus malaysian government related agencies increase campaign prepare implement covid19 mass immunisation programme among malaysians however despite high acceptance rate remains important address concerns among hesitant individuals building trust vaccine safety effectiveness adequate information regarding vaccine | https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24270 |
Nabamallika Dehingia|Anvita Dixit|Sarah Averbach|Vikas Choudhry|Arnab Dey|Dharmendra Chandurkar|Priya Nanda|Jay G. Silverman|Anita Raj | Family planning counseling and its associations with modern contraceptive use, initiation, and continuation in rural Uttar Pradesh, India | 2,019 | Center for Health and Gender Equity|University of California, San Diego|Center for Health and Gender Equity|University of California, San Diego|University of California, San Diego|Sambodhi Research and Communications|Sambodhi Research and Communications|Sambodhi Research and Communications|Center for Health and Gender Equity|University of California, San Diego|Center for Health and Gender Equity|University of California, San Diego | abstract background examine association quality family planning fp counseling received past 24 months current modern contraceptive use initiation continuation among sample women rural uttar pradesh india methods study included data longitudinal study two rounds representative household survey 2014 2016 currently married women age 1549 years analysis excluded women already using permanent method contraceptive first round survey reported discontinuation wanted pregnant n 1398 measured quality fp counseling using four items whether women informed advantages disadvantages different methods told methods appropriate whether questions answered whether perceived counseling helpful positive responses every item categorized higher quality counseling vs lower quality counseling positive response less four items outcome variables included modern contraceptive use second round survey variable categorizing women based contraceptive use behavior two rounds continuedusers newusers discontinuedusers nonusers results around 22 received fp counseling 4 received higherquality counseling received lowerquality fp counseling 242x odds reporting current use modern contraceptive method 95 ci 156376 received higher quality fp counseling 414x odds reporting modern contraceptive use 95 ci 172999 compared women reporting fp counseling women receiving higherquality counseling also higher likelihood continued use arrr 593 95 ci 1971783 well new use initiation arrr 42 95 ci 1441235 modern contraceptives receipt lowerquality counseling also showed statistically significant associations continued new use modern contraceptives effect sizes smaller higherquality counseling conclusions findings suggest value fp counseling patientcentered approach counseling continued use modern contraceptives supported among married women reproductive age unfortunately fp counseling particularly higherquality fp counseling remains rare | https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-7-289 |
Mary R. Janevic|Varick Shute|Susan L. Murphy|John D. Piette | Acceptability and Effects of Commercially Available Activity Trackers for Chronic Pain Management Among Older African American Adults | 2,019 | Michigan Department of Health and Human Services|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Michigan Department of Health and Human Services|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|VA Center for Clinical Management Research|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor | abstract background wearable activity trackers may facilitate walking chronic pain management objective assessed acceptability commercially available tracker three alternative modes reporting daily steps among older adults lowincome urban community examined whether using tracker fitbit ziptm associated improvements functioning activity design randomized controlled pilot feasibility trial subjects fiftyone african american adults detroit michigan aged 60 85 years chronic musculoskeletal pain 28 intervention group 23 controls methods participants completed telephone surveys baseline eight weeks intervention participants wore trackers six weeks alternately reporting daily step counts via text messages automated telephone calls syncing two weeks used multimethods assess satisfaction trackers reporting modalities adherence indicated proportion expected days valid step counts reported assessed changes pain interference physical function social participation walking frequency walking duration results 90 participants rated trackers easy use technical dexterityrelated difficulties text reporting yielded 79 reporting adherence vs 69 automated calls syncing intervention participants show greater improvement functioning walking controls conclusions appropriate support wearable activity trackers mhealth reporting chronic pain selfcare feasible use vulnerable older adults future research test whether effects trackers painrelated outcomes enhanced incorporating behavior change strategies training evidencebased cognitivebehavioral techniques | https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.26681 |
Binyam Bogale|Mekitie Wondafrash|Tizta Tilahun Degfie|Eshetu Girma | Married women's decision making power on modern contraceptive use in urban and rural southern Ethiopia | 2,011 | Arba Minch University|Jimma University|Jimma University|Jimma University | abstract background women developing countries either collective decision making partners completely rely male partners decision issues affect reproductive live identifying major barriers married womens decision making power contraceptive use significant relevance planning contextually appropriate family planning interventions objective study determine current modern contraceptive practices decision making power among married women tercha town surrounding rural areas dawro zone southern ethiopia methods community based comparative crosssectional design quantitative qualitative study employed march april 2010 respondents 699 married women child bearing age urban rural parts dawro zone conducting census took sample using simple random sampling technique results current modern contraceptive use among married women urban 293 875 243 728 rural married women reside urban area likely decide use modern contraceptive method rural women better knowledge modern contraceptive methods gender equitable attitude better involvement decisions related children sociocultural family relations statistically significant factors decision making power women use modern contraceptive methods urban setting better knowledge fear partners opposition negligence involvement decisions child economic affairs statistically significant factors better decision making power women use modern contraceptive methods rural part conclusions high level current modern contraceptive practice reduced urbanrural difference found compared regional national figures urban women better power make decisions modern contraceptive rural women modern family planning interventions area promoted considering empowering women modern contraceptive use decision making | https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.26152 |
Gareth J. Williams|Rebecca Larkin|Samarita Blaggan | Written language skills in children with specific language impairment | 2,013 | Nottingham Trent University|Nottingham Trent University|Nottingham Trent University|University of Leicester | abstract background young children often required carry writing tasks educational context however little known patterns writing skills children specific language impairment cwsli relative typically developing peers aims assess written language skills cwsli compare typically developing peers also aimed assess relative contributions reading spelling skills written language skills methods amp procedures fortyfive children took part study 15 cwsli 15 chronological age match 15 spelling age match children took part range tasks assessed writing reading spelling abilities outcomes amp results written language compared typical agematched peers cwsli used significantly less diverse range words lower quality written compositions overall lower levels organization unity coherence also higher proportion spelling errors overall writing skills strongly associated reading skills conclusions amp implications findings demonstrate challenges cwsli producing goodquality written text challenges likely related linguistic skills profile shown children | https://doi.org/10.1080/03054980701768741 |
Kevin Stein|Luhua Zhao|Corinne Crammer|Ted Gansler | Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of beliefs regarding cancer risks | 2,007 | American Cancer Society|American Cancer Society|American Cancer Society|American Cancer Society | abstract background inaccurate beliefs cancer risk may contribute unhealthy lifestyle behaviors poor adherence recommended screening prevention guidelines address issue current study assessed prevalence sociodemographic correlates scientifically unsubstantiated beliefs cancer risk representative sample us population methods nine hundred fiftyseven us adults history cancer surveyed telephone survey included 12 statements cancer risk risk factors prevention framed contrary consensus current scientific evidence results participants inconsistent ability identify statements false appraisal accuracy associated several sociodemographic characteristics five 12 misconceptions endorsed true least quarter respondents uncertainty higher 15 7 statements time twothirds participants able identify 7 statements false average respondents endorsed fewer 3 statements true respondents male older nonwhite less educated lower income likely hold inaccurate beliefs conclusions notable percentage participants study hold beliefs cancer risk odds prevailing scientific evidence population segments least accurate knowledge also bear greatest burden cancer areas public education intervention efforts identified cancer 2007 2007 american cancer society | https://doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2018-0003 |
Susan L. Ivey|Winston Tseng|Elaine Kurtovich|Rosy Chang Weir|Jing Liu|Hui Song|May D. Wang|Alan Hubbard | Evaluating a Culturally and Linguistically Competent Health Coach Intervention for Chinese-American Patients With Diabetes | 2,012 | null | abstract background type 2 diabetes growing concern among medically underserved chinese americans however interventions developed adapted chinese americans diabetes objective use participatory research approach evaluate effectiveness culturally tailored linguistically appropriate model diabetes care employing health coaches improve a1c levels among chineseamerican patients federally qualified health center setting methods compared change a1c intervention participants n 46 received health coaching intervention control participants n 46 received usual care period 6 months results intervention participants showed decrease mean a1c followup 040 compared control subjects 004 although difference statistically significant 6month followup significantly higher percentage intervention participants 457 wellcontrolled a1c levels compared control subjects 239 p 0048 conclusions feasible implement culturally tailored linguistically appropriate teamlet model care chinese americans type 2 diabetes model may helpful reducing a1c levels given trends a1c improvement 6month pilot future randomized trials larger sample capable providing adequate statistical power detect improvements warranted | https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610222000606 |
Nicholas Wright|Louis Wilson|Morgen Smith|Bruce Bartholow Duncan|Patrick McHugh | The BROAD study: A randomised controlled trial using a whole food plant-based diet in the community for obesity, ischaemic heart disease or diabetes | 2,017 | Royal New Zealand College of General Practitioners|Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology|University of Otago | abstract backgroundobjective little randomised evidence using whole food plantbased wfpb diet intervention elevated body mass index bmi dyslipidaemia investigated effectiveness communitybased dietary programme primary end points bmi cholesterol 6 months subsequently extended subjects ages 3570 one general practice gisborne new zealand diagnosed obesity overweight least one type 2 diabetes ischaemic heart disease hypertension hypercholesterolaemia 65 subjects randomised control n 32 intervention n 33 49 754 completed study 6 months twentythree 70 intervention participants followed 12 months methods participants received normal care intervention participants attended facilitated meetings twiceweekly 12 weeks followed nonenergyrestricted wfpb diet vitamin b 12 supplementation results 6 months mean bmi reduction greater wfpb diet compared normal care 44 vs 04 difference 39 kg 2 95 confidence interval ci1 p lt00001 mean cholesterol reduction greater wfpb diet difference significant compared normal care 071 vs 026 difference 045 mmol l 1 95 ci054 p 01 unless dropouts excluded difference 056 mmol l 1 95 ci054 p 005 twelvemonth mean reductions wfpb diet group 42 08 kg 2 bmi points 055 054 p 005 mmol l 1 total cholesterol serious harms reported conclusions programme led significant improvements bmi cholesterol risk factors best knowledge research achieved greater weight loss 6 12 months trial limit energy intake mandate regular exercise | https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610209990214 |
Terry C. Davis|Connie L. Arnold|Charles L. Bennett|Michael S. Wolf|Cristalyn Reynolds|Dachao Liu|Alfred Rademaker | Strategies to Improve Repeat Fecal Occult Blood Testing Cancer Screening | 2,014 | MUSC Hollings Cancer Center|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Medical University of South Carolina|General Department of Preventive Medicine|MUSC Hollings Cancer Center|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Medical University of South Carolina|General Department of Preventive Medicine|MUSC Hollings Cancer Center|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Medical University of South Carolina|General Department of Preventive Medicine|MUSC Hollings Cancer Center|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Medical University of South Carolina|General Department of Preventive Medicine|MUSC Hollings Cancer Center|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Medical University of South Carolina|General Department of Preventive Medicine|MUSC Hollings Cancer Center|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Medical University of South Carolina|General Department of Preventive Medicine|MUSC Hollings Cancer Center|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Medical University of South Carolina|General Department of Preventive Medicine | abstract background comparative effectiveness intervention team improved initial fecal occult blood testing fobt rates 3 53 among community clinic patients purpose study evaluate effectiveness costs associated literacyinformed intervention repeat fobt testing methods 2008 2011 threearm quasiexperiential comparative effectiveness evaluation conducted eight community clinics louisiana clinics randomly assigned receive enhanced care screening recommendation fobt kit annually brief educational intervention patients additionally received literacy appropriate pamphlet simplified fobt instructions nurse support nurse manager provided education followed phone support year 2 materials mailed study consisted 461 patients ages 50 85 years negative initial fobt results repeat fobt rates 38 enhanced care 33 education 59 nurse support p 0017 adjusting age race gender literacy patients receiving nurse support 146 times likely complete repeat fobt screening receiving education 95 confidence interval ci 114106 p 0002 145 times likely enhanced care significant 95 ci 093226 p 010 incremental cost per additional person screened 2450 nurse enhanced care conclusion mailed pamphlet fobt simplified instructions improve annual screening impact telephone outreach nurse manager effective improving rates repeat fobt yet may costly community clinics cancer epidemiol biomarkers prev 231 13443 2013 aacr | https://doi.org/10.1002/jhm.667 |
Vlasta Bahovec|Dajana Barbi?|Irena Pali? | The Regression Analysis of Individual Financial Performance: Evidence from Croatia | 2,017 | University of Zagreb|University of Zagreb|University of Zagreb | abstract background large body empirical literature indicates gender financial literacy significant determinants individual financial performance objectives purpose paper recognize impact variable financial literacy variable gender variation financial performance using regression analysis methodsapproach survey conducted using systematically chosen random sample croatian financial consumers cross section linear regression model estimated order assess gender dummy variable financial literacy ordinal categorical variable impact financial performance results results indicate average value financial performance men higher average value financial performance women financial literacy level furthermore higher level financially literacy related higher level financial performance conclusions gender financial literacy statistically significant impact individual financial performance increasing financial literacy understanding gender differences terms financial literacy financial wellbeing interest financial educators struggles improve financial situation citizens educators create financial education programs intended men women | https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocx020 |
Andrea Levy|Judy A. Shea|Sankey V. Williams|D. Alex Quistberg|Katrina Armstrong | Measuring Perceptions of Breast Cancer Risk | 2,006 | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute|Harvard University|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|Center for Clinical Research (United States) | abstract background accurate measurement peoples risk perceptions important numerous bodies research clinical practice consensus best measure objective study evaluated three measures womens breast cancer risk perception assessing psychometric test characteristics design crosssectional mailed survey women primary care population asked participants rate chance developing breast cancer lifetime 0 100 numerical scale verbal scale five descriptive categories compare risk others seven categories six hundred three 956 women returned survey 631 analyzed surveys 566 women without selfreported personal history breast ovarian cancer results scores numeric verbal comparative measures correlated r ampgt 050 worry r ampgt 051 gail estimate r ampgt 026 family history r ampgt 025 numerical scale strongest correlation annual mammogram r 019 correlation gail estimate unassociated participants sociodemographics numerical comparative measures highest sensitivity 089090 specificity 099 identifying women high risk perception numerical comparative scale also well identifying women low risk perception although numerical scale highest specificity 096 whereas comparative scale highest sensitivity 089 conclusion different measures womens perceptions breast cancer risk different strengths weaknesses although numerical measure best overall optimal measure depends goals measure ie avoidance false positives false negatives cancer epidemiol biomarkers prev 2006151018938 | https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25501 |
Michelle D. Florence|Mark Asbridge|Paul J. Veugelers | Diet Quality and Academic Performance* | 2,008 | Dalhousie University|University of Alberta|Marymount University | abstract background although effects nutrition health school performance often cited research studies examined effect diet quality academic performance children study examines association overall diet quality academic performance methods 2003 5200 grade 5 students nova scotia canada parents surveyed part childrens lifestyle schoolperformance study information dietary intake height weight sociodemographic variables linked results provincial standardized literacy assessment diet quality indexinternational used summarize overall diet quality multilevel regression methods used examine association indicators diet quality academic performance adjusting gender socioeconomic characteristics parents residential neighborhoods results across various indicators diet quality association academic performance observed students decreased overall diet quality significantly likely perform poorly assessment girls performed better boys children socioeconomically advantaged families children attending better schools living wealthy neighborhoods also performed better conclusions findings demonstrate association diet quality academic performance identify specific dietary factors contribute association additionally research supports broader implementation investment effective school nutrition programs potential improve student access healthy food choices diet quality academic performance long term health | https://doi.org/10.1002/jhm.861 |
Juliet Foster|Lorraine Smith|Sinthia Bosnic?Anticevich|Tim Usherwood|Susan ? Sawyer|Cynthia S. Rand|Helen K. Reddel | Identifying patient?specific beliefs and behaviours for conversations about adherence in asthma | 2,012 | Woolcock Institute of Medical Research|University of Sydney|Western Sydney University|University of Sydney|Royal Children's Hospital|University of Melbourne|Murdoch Children's Research Institute|Johns Hopkins University|Woolcock Institute of Medical Research|University of Sydney | abstract background asthma guidelines advise addressing adherence every visit simple tools exist assist clinicians identifying key adherencerelated beliefs behaviours individual patients aims identify potentially modifiable beliefs behaviours predict electronically recorded adherence controller therapy methods patients aged 14 years doctordiagnosed asthma prescribed inhaled corticosteroidlongacting 2 agonist icslaba completed questionnaires medication beliefsbehaviours sideeffects morisky adherence behaviour score asthma control test act recorded spirometry adherence icslaba measured electronically 8 weeks predictors adherence identified univariate multivariate analyses results 99100 patients completed study 57 female forced expiratory volume 1 mean standard deviation 83 23 predicted act 199 38 mean electronically recorded adherence n 85 75 25 mean selfreported adherence 85 26 factor analysis questionnaire items significantly associated poor adherence identified seven themes perceived necessity safety concerns acceptance asthma chronicitymedication effectiveness advice friendsfamily motivationroutine ease use satisfaction asthma management morisky score moderately associated actual adherence r 045 p lt 00001 regression analysis 10 items independently predicted adherence adjusted r 2 067 p lt 0001 opinions friendsfamily patients medication use strongly associated poor adherence global concerns icslaba therapy predictive poor adherence specific sideeffects onethird patients reported experiencing sideeffects steroid inhaler lower adherence others mean 62 vs 81 p 0015 conclusions study identified several specific beliefs behaviours clinicians could use initiating patientcentred conversations medication adherence asthma | https://doi.org/10.1089/dia.2011.0055 |
Pallavi Kumar|David Casarett|Amy M. Corcoran|Krupali Desai|Qing Li|Jinbo Chen|Corey J. Langer|Jun J. Mao | Utilization of Supportive and Palliative Care Services among Oncology Outpatients at One Academic Cancer Center: Determinants of Use and Barriers to Access | 2,012 | University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania | abstract background cancer causes significant symptom burden diminished quality life despite expansion supportive palliative care services spcs little known rates utilization barriers access services among oncology outpatientswe performed crosssectional survey three outpatient medical oncology clinics patients diagnosis breast lung gastrointestinal gi cancer karnofsky score 60 included patients reported use spcs perceived barriers multivariable logistic regression used identify factors associated spcs useamong 313 participants 505 used spcs since cancer diagnosis common services used nutrition 265 psychiatricpsychological counseling 297 physical therapy 151 painpalliative care cancer rehabilitation consultations used 85 41 participants respectively multivariate analysis graduate education associated greater spcs use adjusted odds ratio aor 214 95 confidence interval ci 108426 compared high school less whereas lung cancer associated less spcs use aor 048 95 ci 024096 compared breast cancer biggest reported barriers using spcs lack awareness 224 lack physician referral 23approximately half patients accessed spcs since cancer diagnosis cite lack awareness physician nonreferral barriers research needed understand patients needs beliefs regarding spcs integrate spcs conventional treatments improve cancer care | https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24936 |
Jean A. McDougall|Matthew P. Banegas|Charles L. Wiggins|Vi K. Chiu|Ashwani Rajput|Anita Y. Kinney | Rural Disparities in Treatment-Related Financial Hardship and Adherence to Surveillance Colonoscopy in Diverse Colorectal Cancer Survivors | 2,018 | New Mexico Cancer Center|University of New Mexico|Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research|New Mexico Cancer Center|University of New Mexico|New Mexico Cancer Center|University of New Mexico|New Mexico Cancer Center|University of New Mexico|New Mexico Cancer Center|University of New Mexico | abstract background cancer survivors increasingly report financial hardship consequence high cost cancer care yet financial experience rural cancer survivors remains largely unstudied purpose study investigate potential rural disparities likelihood financial hardship nonadherence surveillance colonoscopy methods individuals diagnosed localized regional colorectal cancer 2004 2012 ascertained populationbased new mexico tumor registry participants completed mailed questionnaire telephone survey colorectal cancer survivorship experience including treatmentrelated financial hardship receipt surveillance colonoscopy multivariable logistic regression used estimate adjusted odds ratios ors 95 confidence intervals cis results compared urban colorectal cancer survivors n 168 rural colorectal cancer survivors n 109 slightly older likely married 65 vs 59 annual income amplt30000 37 vs 27 less likely employed 35 vs 41 college degree 28 vs 38 high level health literacy 39 vs 51 rural survivors twice likely urban survivors report treatmentrelated financial hardship 186 95 ci 106328 nonadherence surveillance colonoscopy guidelines 228 95 ci 107485 addition financial hardship independently associated nonadherence surveillance colonoscopy 217 95 ci 101485 conclusions substantial rural disparities likelihood financial hardship nonadherence surveillance colonoscopy exist impact treatmentrelated financial hardship among rural colorectal cancer survivors may negatively affect adherence guidelinerecommended followup care cancer epidemiol biomarkers prev 2711 127582 2018 aacr | https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-1319 |
James R. Hébert|Virginie Daguisé|Deborah Hurley|Rebecca Wilkerson|Catishia Mosley|Swann Arp Adams|Robin Puett|James B. Burch|Susan E. Steck|Kirk A. Bol | Mapping cancer mortality?to?incidence ratios to illustrate racial and sex disparities in a high?risk population | 2,009 | University of South Carolina|South Carolina Cancer Alliance|University of South Carolina|South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control|South Carolina Cancer Alliance|South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control|University of South Carolina|South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control|South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control|University of South Carolina|University of South Carolina|University of South Carolina|University of South Carolina|South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control | abstract background comparisons incidence mortality rates metrics used commonly define cancerrelated racial disparities us particularly south carolina largely disfavor african americans aas computed readily available data sources mortalitytoincidence rate ratio mir provides populationbased indicator survival methods south carolina central cancer registry incidence data vital registry death data used construct mirs arcgis 92 mapping software used map cancer mirs sex race 8 health regions within south carolina cancers combined breast cervical colorectal lung oral prostate cancers results racial differences cancer mirs observed sexes cancers combined individual sites largest racial differences observed female breast prostate oral cancers aas mirs nearly twice european americans eas conclusions comparing mapping race sexspecific cancer mirs provides powerful way observe scope cancer problem using methods current study aas much higher cancer mirs compared eas cancer sites nearly regions south carolina future work must directed explaining addressing underlying differences cancer outcomes region race mir mapping allows pinpointing areas future research greatest likelihood identifying causes large persistent cancerrelated disparities regions access highquality data may find useful compare mirs conduct mir mapping cancer 2009 2009 american cancer society | https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0224 |
Dipika Sur|Mohammad Ali|Lorenz von Seidlein|Byomkesh Manna|Jacqueline Deen|Camilo J. Acosta|John D. Clemens|Sujit Bhattacharya | Comparisons of predictors for typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Kolkata, India | 2,007 | National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases|International Vaccine Institute|International Vaccine Institute|National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases|International Vaccine Institute|International Vaccine Institute|International Vaccine Institute|National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases | abstract background exposure individual contaminated food water correlates closely risk enteric fever since public health interventions water improvement vaccination campaigns implemented groups individuals interested whether risk factors individual households neighbourhoods larger areas recognised methods conducted large enteric fever surveillance study analyzed factors correlate enteric fever individual level factors associated high low risk areas enteric fever incidence individual level data linked population based geographic information systems individual household level variables fitted generalized estimating equations gee logit link function take account likelihood household factors correlated within household members results 12month period 80 typhoid fever cases 47 paratyphoid fever cases detected among 56946 residents two bustees slums kolkata india incidence paratyphoid fever lower 081000year mean age paratyphoid patients older 171 years typhoid fever incidence 141000year mean age 147 years residents areas high risk typhoid fever lower literacy rates economic status bigger household size resided closer waterbodies study treatment centers residents low risk areas conclusion close correlation characteristics detected based individual cases characteristics associated high incidence areas comparison risk factors populations living high versus low risk areas statistically powerful methodology holds promise detect risk factors associated diseases using geographic information systems | https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-6984.2011.00036.x |
Adi J. Price|Paul Ndom|Etienne Atenguena|Jean Pierre Mambou Nouemssi|Robert W. Ryder | Cancer care challenges in developing countries | 2,011 | University of California, San Diego|Yaoundé General Hospital|Yaoundé General Hospital|Yaoundé General Hospital|University of California, San Diego | abstract background health systems subsaharan africa prepared rapid rise cancer rates projected region next decades must understood current state cancer care region target improvement efforts yaounde general hospital ygh currently site cameroon population 188 million adults receive chemotherapy trained medical oncologists experiences patients facility represent useful paradigm describing cancer care region methods july august 2010 multidisciplinary team conducted closedend interviews 79 consecutive patients confirmed breast cancer kaposi sarcoma lymphoma results thirtyfive percent patients waited gt6 months speak health care provider first sign cancer delay first consultation health care provider receipt cancer diagnosis gt3 months 47 patients total delay first sign cancer receipt correct diagnosis gt6 months 63 patients twentythree percent patients traveled gt7 hours reach ygh 40 patients interviewed spent gt200 single round chemotherapy conclusions cancer patients experienced numerous geographic health care system challenges resulting significant delays receiving diagnosis treatment even cancers highly amenable early intervention unacceptable unethical situation likely explained limited knowledge cancer among patients health care professionals government neglect poverty reliance traditional healers cancer 201236273635 2011 american cancer society | https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20382 |
Judith E. Nelson|Elizabeth Gay|Andrew Berman|Charles A. Powell|John Salazar?Schicchi|Juan P. Wisnivesky | Patients rate physician communication about lung cancer | 2,011 | Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai|University of Virginia Health System|Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai|Albert Einstein College of Medicine|Montefiore Medical Center|Columbia University Irving Medical Center|Harlem Hospital Center|Columbia University|Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai | abstract background highquality lung cancer care includes physicianpatient communication disease treatment patient needspreferences care goals study authors evaluated communication patients stages across multiple topics methods standardized questionnaire asked patients lung cancer rate 5point verbal descriptor scale extent communication physicians symptoms spiritual concerns practical needs proxy appointment living preparation prognosis care goals potential complications therapy life support preferences hospice communication defined inadequate patient reported discussing 5 11 questionnaire topics little bit multivariate logistic regression used evaluate factors associated inadequate communication results total 276 348 79 eligible patients enrolled mean age standard deviation 65 10 years 55 white 21 black 19 hispanic disease stages topics majority respondents reported physicians communicated little bit low ratings frequent discussion emotional symptoms 56 95 confidence interval ci 4962 practical needs 71 95 ci 6576 spiritual concerns 80 95 ci 7585 proxy appointment 63 95 ci 5769 living preparation 90 95 ci 8593 life support preferences 80 95 ci 7584 hospice 88 95 ci 8694 communication inadequate patients different ages stages races although hispanics less likely nonhispanic whites blacks report inadequate communication odds ratio 031 95 ci 015065 conclusions across stages patients lung cancer reported low rates physicianpatient communication key topics may increase patient distress impair decisionmaking compromise clinical outcomes use patterns cancer 2011 2011 american cancer society | https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0217 |
Greg Brooks|Maxine Burton|Pam Cole|Jeremy N. V. Miles|Carole Torgerson|David Torgerson | Randomised controlled trial of incentives to improve attendance at adult literacy classes | 2,008 | University of Sheffield|University of Sheffield|University of Sheffield|RAND Corporation|University of York|University of York | abstract background incentives proposed method improve attendance adult literacy classes uk several areas piloted use incentives promote attendance adult literacy classes date rigorous evaluation policy undertaken paper describes far aware ukbased randomised controlled trial evaluate use financial incentives order promote attendance classes adult learners methods used clusterrandomised design twentynine adult literacy classes randomised two groups using minimisation intervention group learners received 5 us10 class attended main outcome class attendance secondary outcome literacy scores results allocation one class found ineligible study 28 remaining classes statistically significant reduction 15 sessions 95 confidence interval ci 028 279 p 0019 attended intervention group compared control adjusting cluster size baseline scores difference reading scores intervention control group conditioned baseline scores 238 controls scoring higher intervention group difference statistically significant 95 ci 740 257 p 033 conclusion payments attend adult literacy classes adverse effect attendance trial needs urgent replication ideally larger incentive approach widely used policy makers | https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0660 |
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