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What are the side effects of using steroids (corticosteroids) for treating psoriasis?
Steroids sometimes work better when they're used along with other medications. The side effects include: Thin skin Changes in skin color Bruising Stretch marks Broken blood vessels Make sure you follow your doctor's directions. Using steroids too often has been linked to serious health problems, including certain kinds of cancer.
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How does vitamin D treat psoriasis?
Over the long-term, they may be safer for you than steroids, but they can irritate your skin. Your doctor will probably suggest you use small amounts twice a day. Be careful not to get it on your healthy skin. Vitamin D analogues include: Calcipotriene ( Calcitrene, Dovonex, Sorilux) Calcitriol ( Rocaltrol and Vectical) Tacalcitol ( Bonalfa and Curatoderm) Your doctor also may recommend that you use vitamin D along with a steroid.
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What are symptoms of a heart attack?
Get emergency medical help right away if you have warning signs of a stroke, including: Trouble speaking Weakness in your arm or leg Drooping of your face on one side Loss of balance Also get medical help right away if you have symptoms of a heart attack: Pressure, squeezing, or pain in your chest Pain in your upper back or neck Pain that radiates down the arms Nausea, vomiting Shortness of breath Fatigue
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How big can xanthomas be?
Sometimes these growths can also form on your: Hands Elbows Knees Feet Buttocks Some xanthomas may be very small. Others may grow as large as 3 inches. Smaller bumps can join together to form larger growths. They don't necessarily cause pain, but it depends on their location.
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Can xanthomas cause Achilles tendinitis?
Achilles Tendinitis When xanthomas form in your Achilles tendon, they can cause Achilles tendonitis -- pain, stiffness, and swelling in the back of the heel.
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When should you get emergency help about warning signs of a stroke?
Get emergency medical help right away if you have warning signs of a stroke, including: Trouble speaking Weakness in your arm or leg Drooping of your face on one side Loss of balance Also get medical help right away if you have symptoms of a heart attack: Pressure, squeezing, or pain in your chest Pain in your upper back or neck Pain that radiates down the arms Nausea, vomiting Shortness of breath Fatigue
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What is corneal arcus?
Corneal Arcus It's a condition you get when cholesterol forms deposits around the outside of your cornea -- the clear cover over the front of your eye. It looks like a white or gray ring around the iris -- the colored part of your eye. It won't affect your vision.
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Do you always have symptoms if you have heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH)?
But if you've got He FH, you can have an LDL level as high as 250 mg/d L. Besides high cholesterol, watch out for these other symptoms of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: Xanthomas These are bumps under your skin that form when extra cholesterol in your blood clumps together. Cholesterol can build up in your arteries -- the blood vessels that carry oxygen from your heart to the rest of your body. If you don't take steps to lower your cholesterol -- and you have other risks like smoking and high blood pressure -- you can develop heart disease.
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What should you ask your doctor if you've tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
HIV/ AIDS questions for people who think they may have been exposed to HIV: Should I have an HIV test? HIV/ AIDS questions for people who test positive for HIV: What does it mean to have HIV? What treatment can I get for my HIV infection, and where should I get it? How much experience do you have treating people with HIV infection? What side effects can I expect from anti- HIV treatment? How can you help me deal with these side effects? How often do I need to come in after I start treatment? What can I do to improve my immune system? Will better nutrition help? How can I keep from passing my HIV infection to others? Who can help me deal with my feelings?
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What will my doctor do if I was bitten by an animal?
The health care provider will make sure the wound is thoroughly clean and may prescribe antibiotics. The health care provider may numb the wound and look for any deeper damage. If there is any risk of rabies infection, the health care provider will recommend anti-rabies treatment. The person may require stitches, depending on how big the wound is and where it is located. The person may also require a tetanus shot or booster. The health care provider may recommend ibuprofen or acetaminophen for pain.
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When should I call 911 about animal bites?
The person has been seriously wounded. Bleeding can't be stopped after 10 minutes of firm and steady pressure. Bleeding is severe. Blood spurts from the wound.
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Can I take biologics for my psoriasis while pregnant?
Some treatments may be OK to keep taking when you're pregnant, but check with your doctor first if you take: Cyclosporine Coal tar Strong doses of steroids that you put on your skin If you take biologic treatments such as adalimumab ( Humira), adalimumab-adbm ( Cyltezo) or adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita) – both biosimilar to Humira, etanercept ( Enbrel), and infliximab ( Remicade), infliximab-abda ( Renflexis) or infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), both biosimilar to Remicade, your doctor may want you to stop during pregnancy. But sometimes stopping a relatively safe treatment can make your symptoms severe enough that stopping them could cause more problems. Your doctor can help you decide whether you should continue your treatments or find other options.
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Can I use calcipotriene for psoriasis while pregnant?
Similar to PUVA, doctors don't have clear data on how this skin cream affects babies before birth. But they're concerned enough about the risks that they recommend avoiding it as a treatment during pregnancy.
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What treatments for psoriasis are typically safe if you are pregnant?
These treatments are usually considered safe to use during pregnancy: Moisturizers and skin products like petroleum jelly or mineral oil Mild steroids that you put on your skin (avoid the breast area if you breastfeed) Phototherapy with UVB light Anthralin ( Zithranol, Zithranol-rr) Unfortunately, there's no way to predict how your psoriasis will act while you're expecting.
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Are there screening tests for prostate cancer?
Are there screening tests? Yes. Men should talk with their doctors about which tests they need, when to get them, and the pros and cons. A man might get a blood test that checks for high levels of PSA (prostate-specific antigen). If your doctor is concerned about your result, he might perform a digital rectal exam, in which he inserts a gloved finger into the anus and feels the prostate for hard, lumpy, or abnormal areas. He may also use a small needle to take a sample, or “biopsy,” of the area to check for cancer. He may also use MRI to look at the possible tumor.
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Can you survive prostate cancer?
Almost all men are still alive 5 years after finding out they have early-stage prostate cancer. It usually grows slowly and stays in the same area where it started. But when it starts to spread to other areas of the body, it can move fast. When doctors find it after it has spread far from the prostate, the odds of survival aren't as good. Among those men, 72% die of this cancer within 5 years.
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How common is pancreatic cancer and how many deaths does it cause?
U. S. deaths in 2016: 41,780 How common is it? About 1 in 67 people gets it.
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How common is lung cancer and how many deaths does it cause?
U. S. deaths in 2016: 158,080 How common is it? About 1 in 13 men get lung cancer. So do about 1 in 16 women. Doctors usually find it in people age 65 and older.
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What puts people at risk for pancreatic cancer?
You're also more likely to get it if it runs in your family, you have more than three alcoholic drinks a day, you smoke, or you're obese.
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What puts people at risk for colorectal cancer?
Your chances of getting colon cancer rise as you get older. You're also more likely to get it if it runs in your family, you have more than three alcoholic drinks a day, you smoke, or you're obese.
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How common is breast cancer and how many deaths does it cause?
U. S. deaths in 2016: 40,450 How common is it? Roughly 1 in 8 women in the U. S. will get breast cancer. Men can get it, too. But it's much less likely: 1 in 1,000.
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Can you survive breast cancer?
Like other cancers, the earlier it's found, the better. Almost all women who find out they have stage I breast cancer are still alive 5 years later. So are 93% of those with stage II breast cancer, 72% of those with stage III, and 22% of those with stage IV. There are more breast cancer survivors than ever before.
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What puts people at risk for lung cancer?
What puts people at risk: Smoking is the top cause. Breathing someone else's smoke (“secondhand smoke”) is also a threat. You're also more likely to get it if it runs in your family or if you're exposed to radon and to certain other chemicals (asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, beryllium, cadmium, tar, and soot). Lung cancer is more common among people with HIV than those who don't have the virus, but experts don't know why.
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How common is prostate cancer and how many deaths does it cause?
U. S. deaths in 2016: 26,120 How common is it? One out of every 7 men will get this cancer.
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Can you survive colorectal cancer?
Most people -- more than 90% -- live at least 5 years after finding out that they have colorectal cancer that's in its earliest stages. New tests, including ones that look for certain genes in colon tumors, could make this cancer even easier to find early. And one promising treatment uses cancer vaccines to "train" the immune system to attack colon cancer cells. Those vaccines treat cancer, but they don't prevent it.
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How common is colorectal cancer and how many deaths does it cause?
U. S. deaths in 2016: 49,190 How common is it? About 1 in 20 people in the U. S. will get colorectal cancer.
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What are scientists working on to help pancreatic cancer?
Researchers want to make gene tests to screen people in families struck by the disease. New drugs are also in the works. Some aim to stop the spread of cancer cells. Other medicines would teach the immune system to fight the cancer.
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Does cancer still cause a lot of deaths in the U.S.?
2 cause of death in the U. S., just behind heart disease. No.
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What puts people at risk for breast cancer?
Some gene changes can also cause it. There's more to it than gender. You're obese. You drink alcohol. Your breasts are dense. You got your first period at or before age 11. You started menopause late. You're a woman who has never been pregnant, or you first got pregnant after age 35. You've taken “combination” hormone replacement therapy. You've been exposed to radiation. You're also more likely to get it if it runs in your family, you have more than three alcoholic drinks a day, you smoke, or you're obese.
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What puts a man at risk for prostate cancer?
Doctors usually find it in men older than age 65. It's more common among African- Americans than whites, Asians, or Hispanics, but experts don't know why. The disease can run in a man's family. Some gene changes can also cause it. Men who eat a lot of red meat or high-fat dairy foods (and fewer fruits and vegetables) may be slightly more likely to get it, the American Cancer Society says. Almost all men are still alive 5 years after finding out they have early-stage prostate cancer.
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Are there screening tests for pancreatic cancer?
This cancer is hard to find early. Location is part of the problem. The pancreas is deep inside your belly. It's hard to feel any lumps or growths there, so you might not know that you have it. Are there screening tests?
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How can good hygiene help prevent infections that trigger asthma?
Increased shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, or wheezing Coughing up increased amounts of mucus Abnormally colored mucus Fever (temperature over 101 ° F) or chills Increased fatigue or weakness Sore throat, scratchy throat, or pain when swallowing Sinus pressure or drainage, nasal congestion, or headaches Good hygiene can decrease viral infections. Prevent the spread of infection by making sure you and your family members wash their hands regularly with soap and warm water.
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What should I do if I have asthma and have an infection?
If you have asthma and are showing signs of an infection, call your doctor immediately for advice.
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Is sinusitis riskier if you have asthma?
Sinusitis with asthma can be very serious. Be aware of the symptoms of a sinus infection and report them immediately to your doctor to prevent asthma attacks.
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Can an infection trigger an asthma attack?
Increased shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, or wheezing Coughing up increased amounts of mucus Abnormally colored mucus Fever (temperature over 101 ° F) or chills Increased fatigue or weakness Sore throat, scratchy throat, or pain when swallowing Sinus pressure or drainage, nasal congestion, or headaches Good hygiene can decrease viral infections.
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What do I need to know about infections and asthma?
Call your doctor if you experience any of the warning symptoms of a possible infection that can trigger an asthma attack (listed below). Be aware of the symptoms of a sinus infection and report them immediately to your doctor to prevent asthma attacks.
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Are there over-the-counter antifungal medications for athlete's foot?
Many over-the-counter antifungal medications can be applied to the affected area. These creams should be used sparingly but regularly, at least once a day. An application the size of a chocolate chip should be adequate to cover the entire bottom of your foot.
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What are the symptoms of salivary gland stones?
The stones cause no symptoms as they form, but if they reach a size that blocks the duct, saliva backs up into the gland, causing pain and swelling. You may feel the pain off and on, and it may get progressively worse. Inflammation and infection within the affected gland may follow.
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What causes salivary gland stones?
Salivary stones form when chemicals in the saliva accumulate in the duct or gland. These factors include: dehydration, poor eating, and use of certain medications including some antihistamines, blood pressure drugs, psychiatric drugs, and bladder control drugs. Trauma to the salivary glands may also raise the risk for salivary stones.
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What is the best nutrition for your kittens and puppies?
Kittens and puppies typically drink their mother’s milk until they are 7 to 8 weeks old. You can introduce small amounts of kitten or puppy food around 3 or 4 weeks. Be sure to give your young pets specially formulated food, because as they grow, cats and dogs need extra nutrients and calories. When they are 1 year old, you can begin to give your cat or dog adult food. Really big dogs, like Great Danes and mastiffs, may continue to grow until they’re 18 months old, so they should eat puppy food for longer.
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What is the best nutrition for your senior pets?
Your cat or dog may have different nutritional needs as they get older. In general, pets can be considered “senior” when they are around 7 years old. Large dogs age more quickly and may enter their senior years when they are 6 years old. You’ll want to take your senior pet to the vet for a thorough checkup more often. While you’re there, ask for advice about food. Your cat or dog might be among the many pets in the U. S. that need to lose weight. However, in older animals, weight loss can also be a problem. Food for senior pets can be easier to digest, have different ingredients and nutrients, and help with weight control.
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What is the best nutrition for your adult cats and dogs?
Cats are meat eaters and need diets that are high in animal protein. Your cat should not become a vegetarian, because she needs amino acids like taurine, arginine, methionine, and tyrosine that come from an animal source. The food you choose for your cat should also have fat, which provides energy and vitamins A, D, and E. Your dog must have water, protein, fat, carbs, and some vitamins and minerals to be healthy. The amount of food he needs will depend on his size and how active he is. Ask your vet to help you figure out how much to give and what kind of food would be best. Animals that are pregnant or have recently given birth will need a high-calorie food. Cats often lose weight as they nurse their kittens, so they need to gain as much as 50% of their pre-pregnancy weight before they give birth.
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How much fiber should I eat if I have IBS-D?
Be careful with fiber, but you don't have to avoid it altogether. It's good for you in other ways, like preventing colon cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. Plus, it keeps your diarrhea from turning into constipation. But too much of it sometimes leads to gas and bloating. For IBS- D, it's best to eat the soluble kind of fiber. It takes a longer to leave your digestive system. You can get it in oat bran, barley, the flesh of fruit (as opposed to the skin), and navy, pinto, and lima beans.
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What is IBS?
IBS is a complex condition that not only involves problems with bowel movements but also belly pain, bloating, and gas.
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What should you do to treat IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Don't try to treat your IBS on your own. First, your doctor must make sure that your symptoms are being caused by IBS. Then work with your doctor to find the best treatment for you.
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What prescription drugs can help with IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
If your doctor recommends one, it doesn't necessarily mean that you are depressed. These drugs can help with belly pain from IBS. Low doses of them can help block pain signals to the brain.
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What should you be tested for if you have IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D), bloating, and cramping?
If you have diarrhea, bloating, and cramping, ask your doctor to test you for lactose intolerance or celiac disease.
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How effective are herbs at treating IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Studies on herbs have been mixed. Some research has shown that peppermint relaxes colon muscles and may improve symptoms of IBS. If you want to try acupuncture or herbs for your IBS symptoms, talk with your doctor first. Some herbs can affect how well other medications work.
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Is behavioral therapy used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) ?
So therapies that can help you learn to handle these emotions can often help you find relief. One technique that seems to help most people is behavioral therapy. It teaches you better ways to deal with pain and stress. Types include relaxation therapy, biofeedback, hypnotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychotherapy. If you want to try behavioral therapy for IBS, try to find a therapist who will work with your regular doctor.
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What antidepressants are used to treat IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
For people with IBS- D, doctors may recommend a low dose of a tricyclic antidepressant such as amitriptyline, imipramine ( Tofranil), or nortriptyline ( Aventyl, Pamelor). Common side effects of these meds include dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. Your doctor may recommend another type of antidepressant called an SSRI, which includes citalopram ( Celexa), fluoxetine ( Prozac), and paroxetine ( Paxil), if you have depression along with IBS. Side effects of these medicines sometimes include diarrhea, so be sure to let your doctor know if your symptoms of IBS- D get worse while you're taking any of these medicines.
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What alternative therapies are available for IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Some people with IBS try alternative therapies such as acupuncture, probiotics, and herbs to relieve their symptoms. Keep in mind that most alternative therapies haven't been tested for effectiveness in rigorous clinical trials the way other treatments have.
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Are probiotics an effective treatment for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
There is also some evidence that probiotics, "healthy" bacteria normally found in the gut, help some people with IBS. A study of one type, Bifidobacterium infantis, found that it greatly improved IBS symptoms and day-to-day life after people took it for 4 weeks. Research on another type, lactobacillus, has had more mixed reviews.
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If I take a diarrhea medicine for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) how much should I take?
If you take a diarrhea medicine, use the lowest dose possible and don't take it for a long time.
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Will my doctor recommend antidepressants to treat my IBS-D?
If your doctor recommends one, it doesn't necessarily mean that you are depressed. These drugs can help with belly pain from IBS. Low doses of them can help block pain signals to the brain. For people with IBS- D, doctors may recommend a low dose of a tricyclic antidepressant such as amitriptyline, imipramine ( Tofranil), or nortriptyline ( Aventyl, Pamelor). Common side effects of these meds include dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. Your doctor may recommend another type of antidepressant called an SSRI, which includes citalopram ( Celexa), fluoxetine ( Prozac), and paroxetine ( Paxil), if you have depression along with IBS. Side effects of these medicines sometimes include diarrhea, so be sure to let your doctor know if your symptoms of IBS- D get worse while you're taking any of these medicines.
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What should your diet consist of if you have IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
These can often make diarrhea symptoms worse. Be careful with fiber, but you don't have to avoid it altogether. It's good for you in other ways, like preventing colon cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. Plus, it keeps your diarrhea from turning into constipation. But too much of it sometimes leads to gas and bloating. For IBS- D, it's best to eat the soluble kind of fiber. It takes a longer to leave your digestive system. You can get it in oat bran, barley, the flesh of fruit (as opposed to the skin), and navy, pinto, and lima beans. Drink plenty of water every day. Try having a glass an hour before or an hour after meals, instead of while you eat. When you drink water with food, it may make the food move through your system a little faster.
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Can antacids used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) can cause diarrhea?
Muscle spasms in your digestive tract can cause belly pain.
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Do over-the-counter drugs used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) have any side effects
Side effects of these treatments include belly cramping and bloating, along with dry mouth, dizziness, and constipation.
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Which over-the-counter medicines used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) are generally safe?
Some OTC medicines for gas relief, such as simethicone ( Gas- X, Mylicon), are generally safe.
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Which treatments help IBS-D?
You can make changes to your diet, take medication, find ways to relieve stress, or try behavioral therapy or alternative therapy. You may need a few of these approaches at the same time to get relief.
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Should I treat my IBS on my own?
Don't try to treat your IBS on your own. First, your doctor must make sure that your symptoms are being caused by IBS. Then work with your doctor to find the best treatment for you.
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How effective are probiotics at treating IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
There is also some evidence that probiotics, "healthy" bacteria normally found in the gut, help some people with IBS. A study of one type, Bifidobacterium infantis, found that it greatly improved IBS symptoms and day-to-day life after people took it for 4 weeks. Research on another type, lactobacillus, has had more mixed reviews.
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What over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are used to treat IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Your doctor may suggest trying OTC diarrhea medicines such as bismuth subsalicylate ( Kaopectate, Pepto- Bismol) and loperamide ( Imodium) for relief. Researchers have found these drugs can help slow diarrhea, but they won't help with other IBS symptoms like belly pain or swelling.
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Do people ever use alternative therapy for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Some people with IBS try alternative therapies such as acupuncture, probiotics, and herbs to relieve their symptoms. Keep in mind that most alternative therapies haven't been tested for effectiveness in rigorous clinical trials the way other treatments have.
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How do you know which foods affect your IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Since different foods can affect people in different ways, keeping an IBS symptom journal can help you and your doctor figure out foods you can eat and which ones to stay away from.
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How long should I take over-the-counter medicine to treat IBS-D?
Don't take any OTC medicine for the long term without asking your doctor about it. IBS symptoms can be caused by other, more serious problems. Make sure you and your doctor have ruled out other causes of your symptoms.
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What is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Then work with your doctor to find the best treatment for you. IBS- D is a complex condition.
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How do you know what treatment is right for your IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Then work with your doctor to find the best treatment for you. IBS- D is a complex condition. It takes time and patience to figure out what will help you feel your best. Not every treatment works for every person. Find a doctor who understands IBS and work together on your treatment plan.
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Do muscle relaxers help treat IBS-D?
Drugs that relax muscles, called antispasmodics, such as dicyclomine ( Bentyl) and hyoscyamine ( Levsin). But some studies have found there's no clear evidence that they help everyone with IBS.
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Should I talk to my doctor before I try acupuncture or herbs for my irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
If you want to try behavioral therapy for IBS, try to find a therapist who will work with your regular doctor. Some herbs can affect how well other medications work.
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What drugs that relax muscles are used to treat IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Common side effects of these meds include dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. Drugs that relax muscles, called antispasmodics, such as dicyclomine ( Bentyl) and hyoscyamine ( Levsin). Muscle spasms in your digestive tract can cause belly pain. Many doctors prescribe these drugs to calm them.
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Is acupuncture an effective treatment for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Researchers have found these drugs can help slow diarrhea, but they won't help with other IBS symptoms like belly pain or swelling. For IBS relief, however, the results have been mixed.
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How is IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D) treated?
You may need a few of these approaches at the same time to get relief. If you want to try behavioral therapy for IBS, try to find a therapist who will work with your regular doctor. Find a doctor who understands IBS and work together on your treatment plan.
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How effective is acupuncture at treating IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Researchers have found these drugs can help slow diarrhea, but they won't help with other IBS symptoms like belly pain or swelling. For IBS relief, however, the results have been mixed.
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What will the surgeon consider before doing the nose job?
The surgeon will evaluate the structures of your nose and other facial features. After this evaluation, he or she can tell you if your expectations are realistic. The surgeon will also consider your overall health and should discuss with you the risks, recovery time, and costs involved.
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What happens when you have a nose job?
A nose job is usually done as an outpatient procedure, meaning there is no overnight stay. You'll get general or local anesthesia. With general anesthesia, you'll sleep through the operation. With local anesthesia, you will be sedated and your nose will be numbed so you are relaxed and unable to feel the pain. During an operation, the surgeon makes cuts within the nostrils. In more difficult cases, the surgeon may also make cuts across the base of the nose. The surgeon then reshapes the inner bone and cartilage to produce a more pleasing appearance.
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How do surgeon do the nose jobs?
The surgeon will evaluate the structures of your nose and other facial features. After this evaluation, he or she can tell you if your expectations are realistic.
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What happens after nose job surgery?
After a nose job, people usually wear a nasal splint for the first week. You can expect swelling and some bruising around the eyes after surgery that will begin to improve after the third day. It can, though, last up to two weeks. Expect your nose to have a little swelling, which probably only you and your surgeon will notice. This will go away over the next six months. The final shape of your nose will be apparent after it has completely healed. You should avoid strenuous activity for three to six weeks after surgery. You may return to your social activities as soon as within two to three weeks without any recognizable signs that you had a procedure done.
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What should I do if I'm thinking about getting a nose job?
During that meeting, talk about your goals and tell the doctor what bothers you about your nose and how you would like to change it. A plastic surgeon can describe the facial features that make you unique and tell you how changes would enhance your appearance.
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Will my insurance cover my nose job?
It can also be done for cosmetic reasons, which will change the nose's shape and appearance. If you have health insurance, make sure you talk to your insurer in advance so you know what's covered and what you will need to pay for.
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How is zanamivir used to treat the flu?
Oseltamivir is approved for treatment in those over 2 weeks of age and for prevention in people ages 3 months and older.
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What does antibiotic resistance mean?
According to the CDC, antibiotic resistance happens when bacteria changes in some way to reduce or eliminate the effectiveness of the antibiotic. When bacteria are exposed to antibiotics repeatedly, such as when you take the medication needlessly or too frequently, the germs in your body start to evolve. These changes can make the germs stronger than before so they completely resist the antibiotic. Yourillness may linger with no signs of improvement. Or your illness may suddenly take a turn for the worse, requiring you to seek emergency medical care. You may have to be admitted to the hospital and get several different antibiotics intravenously.
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How can I prevent antibiotic resistance?
There is a way to protect yourself and others from resistant bacteria, and that is to respect antibiotics and take them only when necessary for a bacterial infection. Here are some useful tips: When you see a doctor, don't demand antibiotics. Understand that antibiotics are used for bacterial infections, not symptoms of a cold or flu virus. If a doctor prescribes antibiotics, use them as prescribed. Take all of the antibiotics as directed and don't save some for future use. Don't share antibiotics with others.
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Do antiviral drugs have side effects?
Side effects of antiviral drugs may include nervousness, poor concentration, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Zanamivir is not recommended for people with a history of breathing problems, such as asthma, because it may worsen breathing. Discuss side effects with your doctor.
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How is oseltamivir used to treat the flu?
Oseltamivir is approved for treatment in those over 2 weeks of age and for prevention in people ages 3 months and older.
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Do most people know that antibiotics are not effective for colds or flu?
A study by the CDC showed that many adults believe that if they are sick enough to see a doctor for a cold, they should get an antibiotic treatment. The study also showed that patients are not aware of the consequences of taking the drugs if they are not needed. And when antibiotics are misused, bacteria can become resistant.
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What is bradycardia?
If your doctor says you or a loved one has bradycardia, a resting heart beat that's less than 60 beats per minute, it's only part of the diagnosis. Your doctor will also want to figure out which type it is. She may talk to you about these kinds: sinus bradycardia, sick sinus syndrome, and heart block. What kind of treatment you get, if any, will depend on how mild or serious your case is, along with which kind you have.
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What causes heart block in relation to bradycardia?
If your doctor says you or a loved one has bradycardia, a resting heart beat that's less than 60 beats per minute, it's only part of the diagnosis. It can be caused by some of the same conditions you see with sinus bradycardia. They pump and squeeze in a rhythm so your body has a steady supply of oxygen-rich blood. But most of the time, it comes from something you got later in life. The main cause is a heart attack. They include: Heart failure, because the heart is not pumping enough blood for your body Myocarditis, or inflammation of the heart muscle Coronary artery disease, or narrowing of the arteries in the heart Rheumatic fever, which is most common in children who didn't get treated well for strep throat or scarlet fever You may not need any treatment if you have a mild case.
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What type of bradycardia is sick sinus syndrome?
If your doctor says you or a loved one has bradycardia, a resting heart beat that's less than 60 beats per minute, it's only part of the diagnosis. This type of bradycardia causes an abnormal heart rhythm. You may have irregular heartbeats or ones that flip between slow and fast. This syndrome is not as common. It is often the result of heart disease. If you've had a heart attack or surgery, the sinus node may be scarred or damaged. Sometimes the normal wear and tear on your heart as you age is the reason Your heart has four chambers.
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What is sinus bradycardia?
If your doctor says you or a loved one has bradycardia, a resting heart beat that's less than 60 beats per minute, it's only part of the diagnosis. That's a group of cells that sends out electrical signals that tell you when to pump out more blood. It may be mild enough that you never notice any symptoms. With a more serious case, you might have dizziness, breathing problems, and chest pains, among other problems. This syndrome is not as common.
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What conditions can cause sinus bradycardia?
If your doctor says you or a loved one has bradycardia, a resting heart beat that's less than 60 beats per minute, it's only part of the diagnosis. It's sometimes called “the heart's natural pacemaker.” It should start the signal about 60 to 100 times a minute. Some of them are: Heart attack Pericarditis, or inflammation of the thin tissues around the outside of the heart A defect at birth Sleep apnea, or when you briefly stop breathing while you sleep A problem with your thyroid, the gland in your neck that helps control many of your body's functions Certain medications, including a class of medicines called beta blockers. You may take them to lower blood pressure or for other heart conditions.
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What type of bradycardia is heart block?
If your doctor says you or a loved one has bradycardia, a resting heart beat that's less than 60 beats per minute, it's only part of the diagnosis. They pump and squeeze in a rhythm so your body has a steady supply of oxygen-rich blood. First degree is the mildest and may not even cause symptoms. Third degree is the most serious and is sometimes called “complete heart block.” You may need emergency care for this kind Heart block can be what's called a congenital defect, meaning you were born with it.
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What should I expect during a breast ultrasound?
You'll be asked to change into a hospital gown, so you may consider wearing a two-piece outfit on the day of the test so that you only need to remove your top. You'll lie on a padded examining table during the test. A small amount of water-soluble gel is applied to the skin over the area to be examined. The gel doesn't harm your skin or stain your clothes. A probe that looks like a little paddle is gently applied against the skin. You may be asked to hold your breath briefly several times. The test takes about 10-20 minutes to complete. After the test, the gel will be wiped off your skin.
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What is a breast ultrasound?
Ultrasound is a painless procedure that uses sound waves to make images of the inside of your body. The sound waves bounce off surfaces in your body, and the "echoes" are recorded and transformed into video or photographs. It's often used in addition to mammography to tell whether a lump in a breast is a cyst (a fluid-filled sac) or a solid mass, which might be cancer. Ultrasound can also help pinpoint the position of a tumor. This guides the doctor to the exact place to insert a needle during a biopsy.
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What are side effects of breast ultrasound?
The sound waves bounce off surfaces in your body, and the "echoes" are recorded and transformed into video or photographs. It doesn't use radiation like X-rays do.
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What causes food allergies?
Food allergies occur when a sensitive person eats, inhales, or comes into contact with even tiny amounts of certain foods. These reactions occur with exposure to proteins called allergens and can be very mild or may be life-threatening. Food allergies are becoming more and more common.
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What are the most common food allergies in adults?
In children, the most common food allergies are: Cow's milk Hen's eggs Peanuts Tree nuts Soybeans Wheat In adults, the most common food allergies are: Peanuts Tree nuts Fish Crustaceans (such as shrimp, crabs, and lobster) Mollusks (such as clams, oysters, and mussels) Fruits Vegetables Symptoms tend to occur just after eating, inhaling, or coming into contact with the offending food.
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Why is testing for food allergies a problem?
This means that if you do have a food allergy, the tests are very likely to catch it. But the tests aren't very specific. It's very rare for a person to be allergic to more than one or two foods, Oppenheimer and Portnoy say. So if testing is used to confirm or reject suspect foods, it is more likely to give meaningful results.
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How do doctors diagnose ear barotrauma?
In this case, more serious symptoms can happen: Extreme ear pain Dizziness called vertigo A busted eardrum -- fluid or blood leaking from your ear is a sign Hearing loss Your doctor will look inside your ears with a tool called an otoscope. He'll check to see if there's fluid behind your eardrum or if it's damaged. If it is, it may take weeks to heal and you might not hear very well. Usually, the only treatment is time. If it isn't better in 2 months, you may need an operation to prevent lasting hearing loss. Go to a doctor right away if you feel like you're spinning or falling (vertigo) and your symptoms happened right after flying or diving. It's rare, but you may need emergency ear surgery.
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How can someone prevent ear barotrauma?
With a mild case, your symptoms should go away shortly after you get back on land. If they don't or if your symptoms are serious, see your doctor. You can prevent ear barotrauma by keeping your Eustachian tubes open. These things may help: Medicine. If you have a cold or allergies, take a decongestant about an hour before your flight and take it as directed until you land. A nasal spray or an antihistamine could help open up the tubes, too. Earplugs. Special plugs designed for air travel can slow pressure changes and give your ears time to adjust. These won't work for scuba divers, though.
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What are some more serious symptoms of ear barotrauma?
Common symptoms include: Stuffed feeling in your ears Muffled hearing because your ear drum can't vibrate and make sound the way it should Ear pain If you hear a "pop" in your ears, that's a sign your Eustachian tubes are open. If they stay blocked, your middle ear can fill with clear liquid to try to balance the pressure. If your Eustachian tubes are closed, it can't drain. In this case, more serious symptoms can happen: Extreme ear pain Dizziness called vertigo A busted eardrum -- fluid or blood leaking from your ear is a sign Hearing loss Your doctor will look inside your ears with a tool called an otoscope.