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c087432da64231bc534c5d49db401f47 | What are interactions of ashwagandha? | If you take any drugs or supplements regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using ashwagandha supplements. They could interact with sedatives, blood thinners, thyroid supplements, drugs that suppress the immune system, and drugs for anxiety, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Ashwagandha might also interact with supplements that cause sleepiness, like St. John's wort, kava, valerian, and others. |
1e96c8f90a742df2de6ed702f4e3f1e2 | Why do people take ashwagandha? | However, the practical benefits and risks for people aren't clear yet. One study found that a compound containing ashwagandha helped relive osteoarthritis symptoms. It's not clear which of the ingredients had the benefit since ashwaganda is traditionally used in combination with other herbs. Ashwagandha might help lower blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes and lower high cholesterol. Since ashwagandha has sedative effects, it could help ease anxiety and stress -- in fact, human studies have indicated as much. |
cfcf03e985c16b386ba5e829cd4f6bc4 | What is ashwagandha? | It is high in iron and has been shown to help increase hemoglobin levels. In some parts of the world, people eat ashwagandha shoots, seeds, and fruit. |
31a77fc656bc75b196d3e3710924d2ed | What is Rett syndrome? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Rett syndrome is a rare, severe neurological disorder that affects mostly girls. It's usually discovered in the first two years of life, and a child's diagnosis with Rett syndrome can feel overwhelming. Although there's no cure, early identification and treatment may help girls and families who are affected by Rett syndrome. In the past, it was felt to be part of the Autism Spectrum Disorder. We now know that it is mostly genetically based. |
ecd93b6049badcca79e0523d675f451e | How effective are treatments for Rett syndrome? | The best options available to treat Rett syndrome include: Standard medical care and medication Physical therapy Speech therapy Occupational therapy Good nutrition Behavioral therapy Supportive services Experts believe that therapy can help girls with Rett syndrome and their parents. Some girls may be able to go to school and learn better social interaction. Medicines can treat some of the problems with movement in Rett syndrome. Medication can also help control seizures. Many girls with Rett syndrome can live at least into middle age. Researchers are studying women with the disease, which was only widely recognized in the last 20 years. |
82510164b4d9a4f159f54e9a8ff6c93b | What causes Rett syndrome? | Most children with Rett syndrome have a mutation on the X chromosome. Exactly what this gene does, or how its mutation leads to Rett syndrome, isn't clear. Researchers believe that the single gene may influence many other genes involved in development. Although Rett syndrome is genetic, children almost never inherit the faulty gene from their parents. Rather, it's a chance mutation that happens in DNA. When boys develop the Rett syndrome mutation, they rarely live past birth. Males have only one X chromosome (instead of the two girls have), so the effects of the disease are much more serious, and almost always fatal. |
b0c2c937d94f8535495d7d4fd483403f | How does Rett syndrome develop? | The age when symptoms appear varies, but most babies with Rett syndrome seem to grow normally for the first 6 months before any signs of the disorder are obvious. The most common changes usually show up when babies are between 12 and 18 months, and they can be sudden or progress slowly. |
867e84273e0c8c545a34c80ffcca431f | How does surgery work to treat hypospadias? | There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone. But many cases of hypospadias call for surgery to move the urethra and opening. This procedure often includes straightening the penis. The goal of surgical correction is to create a penis with normal function and appearance with a urethral opening as close as possible to the ventral tip of the penis. |
59f53c367bfe405fb3a3f0cd2c405a61 | What are the types of hypospadias? | There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone. |
ccf086d735de0da5b3581de7f7686a7d | What complication's can hypospadias cause? | But boys with hypospadias are born with the location of the opening ranging anywhere within the head or shaft of penis, the scrotum, or perineum Hypospadias is pretty common and can sometimes be left as is. Depending on where the opening is on your son's penis, he cmight have problems having children because his sperm might not be able to effectively fertilize an egg. Keeping it clean may be hard, too. If his hypospadias isn't corrected early, a boy may have to sit down when he pees. There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone. |
68ccabd3063dbf1c0d189c8dc81bd7fc | What is the procedure for surgery to treat hypospadias? | But doctors can do surgery to fix the problem when needed. There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone. Children who get this surgery are usually between 3 months and 18 months old. The child is anesthetized -- not awake -- during the surgery. |
5c662520b203390c24b56007857e4c75 | What causes hypospadias? | They think some of the reasons could be: Genetics. It's more likely if the boy has a father or brother who were born with it. Fertility treatments. The mother may have used hormone therapy or medicine to help her get pregnant.. There's more chance a baby will be born with hypospadia if his mom is overweight and over age 35, has diabetes prior to her pregnancy Expsoure to smoking or pesticides Premature You can reduce your baby's chances of hypospadias while you're pregnant. There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone. |
03b7c2f18b8abc45d6ee9b3952591ada | How does progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) work? | Here is how it works; While inhaling, contract one muscle group (for example your upper thighs) for 5 seconds to 10 seconds, then exhale and suddenly release the tension in that muscle group. Give yourself 10 seconds to 20 seconds to relax, and then move on to the next muscle group (for example your buttocks). While releasing the tension, try to focus on the changes you feel when the muscle group is relaxed. Imagery may be helpful in conjunction with the release of tension, such as imagining that stressful feelings are flowing out of your body as you relax each muscle group. Gradually work your way up the body contracting and relaxing muscle groups. |
86a840f632f983998b12f5ee2e54f652 | Who first came up with progressive muscle relaxation (PMR)? | The technique of progressive muscle relaxation was described by Edmund Jacobson in the 1930s and is based upon his premise that mental calmness is a natural result of physical relaxation. Progressive muscle relaxation can be learned by nearly anyone and requires only 10 minutes to 20 minutes per day to practice. |
227e2cf8eac7e8c08b3d2a35ead4e8ca | What is progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) for stress and insomnia? | Progressive muscle relaxation is based upon the simple practice of tensing, or tightening, one muscle group at a time followed by a relaxation phase with release of the tension. Doctors have used progressive muscle relaxation in combination with standard treatments for symptom relief in a number of conditions, including headaches, cancer pain, high blood pressure, and digestive disturbances. |
b9c9fcc881f8257e267f4ddc8ee28082 | What do practitioners recommend when doing progressive muscle relaxation (PMR)? | Progressive muscle relaxation is based upon the simple practice of tensing, or tightening, one muscle group at a time followed by a relaxation phase with release of the tension. You can practice this technique seated or lying down, and you should try to practice with comfortable clothing on, and in a quiet place free of all distractions. |
9791f6f0bed8a767a03cc83f8a688166 | What are the side effects of the Td vaccine? | Mild side effects of Tdap may include: Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given Mild fever Headache Tiredness Stomach upset, including nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Muscle aches and pains Swollen glands Mild side effects of Td may include: Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given Mild fever Headache In some people, these side effects may be more intense. They may temporarily interfere with daily activities. Severe swelling of the arm has been reported in three out of 100 people receiving either Tdap or Td. About one in 250 adults who receive the Tdap vaccine develop a fever of 102 F or higher. |
e58fd630cb6ffc2828a2669642303e60 | What is tetanus? | Tetanus enters the body through a wound or cut. It affects the brain and nervous system and causes extremely painful muscle spasms. Spasms of the jaw can make it impossible for you to open your mouth. This condition is often called "lockjaw." Tetanus kills one out of five people infected with the disease. |
b431214a2ca6f73a99b063a29ac2d7e9 | What is pertussis? | Pertussis, or whooping cough, is an extremely contagious respiratory infection that can lead to severe breathing problems, especially in infants. Pertussis first appears like an ordinary cold, but then causes intense, uncontrollable coughing spells. A "whoop" noise is heard when the person tries to take a breath after coughing. |
84915ac776aff7dc02f9b409541beaf5 | What is Tdap and Td vaccine? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Tdap is a combination vaccine that protects against three potentially life-threatening bacterial diseases: tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough). Td is a booster vaccine for tetanus and diphtheria. It does not protect against pertussis. |
9f689e0015fad5824f45fd2f0944bc0c | Who needs a Tdap vaccine? | Tdap is given only once during your lifetime. However, you may need routine booster shots of the Td vaccine every 10 years to adequately protect you against tetanus and diphtheria. |
2d510f27ef7448bc9158461f14db010e | What has been found in clinical trials of the Tdap vaccine? | During clinical trials of Tdap, two adults developed temporary nervous system problems. It's unknown whether this was due to the vaccine or not. In rare cases, vaccination with Tdap or Td has led to extreme swelling of the arm where the shot was given. |
2e8b1b4ceb0609c395907fee1e0c057c | What are the mild side effects of Tdap vaccine? | Mild side effects of Tdap may include: Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given Mild fever Headache Tiredness Stomach upset, including nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Muscle aches and pains Swollen glands Mild side effects of Td may include: Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given Mild fever Headache In some people, these side effects may be more intense. |
743b359a13a4386c157b89bbe473cc4d | What is diphtheria? | Diphtheria is a very contagious infection that makes it difficult to breathe. In severe cases, it can cause heart and nerve damage. |
77347e7ff6b95259b0d845449de311b9 | When should I get the Tdap vaccine? | New mothers who have never received the Tdap People who travel to countries where pertussis is common You may be given the Tdap vaccine if you have a severe cut or burn and have never received a dose before. Severe cuts or burns raise your risk for tetanus. The Tdap vaccine can be given any time of the year. Only one shot is needed. It may be given with other vaccinations. Tdap can be given regardless of the interval since the last Td vaccine was given. The Tdap vaccine can be used safely for those ages 65 and over, according to 2013 CDC recommendations. |
fc8128c1d972d305e78ffacd8d8de0a7 | Who should not get the vaccine? | You should not receive the vaccine if you have had: A serious allergic reaction to any of the vaccine ingredients in the past A coma or seizures within a week of receiving childhood vaccinations for pertussis (such as DTa P), unless the vaccine was not the cause; Td can be used in these cases. |
76a0269df04629542623be9db956ddea | When should adults be vaccinated with Tdap? | New mothers who have never received the Tdap People who travel to countries where pertussis is common You may be given the Tdap vaccine if you have a severe cut or burn and have never received a dose before. |
d96e1c73b24805e498ed52dcadf6cd94 | What are the side effects and risks of Tdap and Td vaccine? | Like all medicines, vaccines can have side effects. However, the chance of a life-threatening reaction is small. The CDC says the dangers of developing pertussis, tetanus, or diphtheria far outweigh the risks of vaccination. |
9ef33c33e4cf947a4573e79f3e6142a3 | When should I talk to my doctor about getting Tdap vaccine? | If you have had any of the following, talk to your doctor about whether the Tdap or Td vaccine is right for you: Epilepsy or another nervous system problem Guillain- Barré syndrome ( GBS) A history of severe swelling or pain after receiving a pertussis, tetanus, or diphtheria vaccination in the past If you are moderately to severely ill (your doctor may recommend waiting to get the shot until after you recover); the CDC says you can still get the vaccine if you have a mild illness such as a cold or low-grade fever. |
2c29448d9b3982b95cb5a84542caa4cf | What should I know about Tdap vaccination? | Td is a booster vaccine for tetanus and diphtheria. Tdap stands for tetanus and diphtheria toxoids with acellular pertussis. It is marketed under the brand names Adacel and Boostrix. Tdap is an inactive vaccine, which means it is made using dead bacteria. The dead germs cannot make you sick. Tdap is not the same as DTa P, the vaccine used for children to prevent the same diseases. |
06931ee9d8292e2075407c746444c45d | Can adults have allergic reactions to Tdap or Td vaccines? | You should not receive the vaccine if you have had: A serious allergic reaction to any of the vaccine ingredients in the past A coma or seizures within a week of receiving childhood vaccinations for pertussis (such as DTa P), unless the vaccine was not the cause; Td can be used in these cases. This generally happens in less than one in a million doses. Most of the time, such reactions occur within a few minutes of receiving the vaccine. The following can be signs of a severe allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis: Behavior changes Breathing difficulty, including wheezing Dizziness Hoarse voice High fever Hives Pale skin Rapid heart beat Weakness Seek immediate medical care if you notice any of these signs after receiving the Tdap or Td vaccines. |
a2b8cc8dc4f1ec65f3ecc4931522cb9e | How common is pertussis? | Waning immunity and inadequate vaccination -- many parents choose not to vaccinate their children -- have led to a resurgence of the disease in the U. S. in recent years. Outbreaks of pertussis among adolescents and adults have been reported in several states. Only one shot is needed. |
17744be8f88c265ebb8f9899118b1484 | What is a slit-lamp test to help diagnose eye stroke? | You sit in front of a special microscope. It shines a narrow line of light in your eye so your doctor can look for anything unusual. |
b5551ae7e265b6c3b6c0136cb2061ffb | What happens when you get fluorescein angiography to help find out if you had an eye stroke? | Your doctor injects a harmless dye in your arm. It moves through your bloodstream to your retina. A special camera takes pictures of your eye to show which blood vessels are blocked. |
ac0ab4718ceef458032b34fff30d8479 | What is a visual field test if you might have had an eye stroke? | You look into a machine and click a button each time you see a light. It checks if you lost any peripheral vision, which is what you see out the sides of your eyes. |
ed6595edb6f5e06a644b33d817995983 | How is eye stroke treated? | Minutes count in order to save your vision after an eye stroke. You may avoid lasting injury if doctors can clear the central artery blockage and restore blood flows within 90-100 minutes. But after 4 hours, the blockage could damage your vision for good. |
510e6a0a1524d3d29c7dcdbbd2ff33c3 | What type of eye stroke is central retinal occlusion? | You may notice: Loss of all or part of your sight Not able to see out of side of your eyes Blurry or distorted vision Blind spots The most common type of eye stroke is called central retinal artery occlusion. It can leave you with little useful vision. You might be able to see a hand move, but not much more. Rarely, your vision might return on its own. If you have the less serious blockage in the smaller arteries, your vision may go back to normal about 80% of the time. |
1077a56f6e810957cb410361657d572b | How can optical coherence tomography help in the diagnosis of eye stroke? | You get drops to dilate your pupils. Then a machine scans your eyes to make a detailed image of the retina. If your doctor thinks a clot from another part of the body caused the blockage, she may suggest other tests to look for problems in your arteries and heart. She also may order blood tests to check for clotting disorders and your cholesterol levels. |
f449b8ea8d070b72a867587ef1dab987 | How can paracentesis help treat eye stroke? | A specialist uses a small needle to remove a few drops of fluid from the front of your eye. This reduces pressure, which may increase blood flow in the retina. |
070e8632d06c49a6686125022b2cb686 | What are symptoms of eye stroke? | Other things that make a retinal artery occlusion more likely include: Being 40 or older Being a man Smoking Trauma to the eye Damage from radiation treatments Kidney disease Clotting disorders such as sickle cell disease Birth control pills Carotid artery disease Abnormal heart rhythms like atrial fibrillation Vasculitis, an inflammation of the blood vessel wall Pregnancy The main sign of eye stroke is a sudden change in sight. It almost always happens in only one eye. You usually won't feel any pain. You may notice: Loss of all or part of your sight Not able to see out of side of your eyes Blurry or distorted vision Blind spots The most common type of eye stroke is called central retinal artery occlusion. |
d72a4682d80727938f2d21ba3e7bb879 | How can medications help with treating eye stroke? | You may get drugs to bust clots or to lower the pressure in your eyes. These include drugs used for glaucoma, like acetazolamide ( Diamox). |
e32a99498d7eccb959897681c431bdd4 | How can eye massage help with treating eye stroke? | Your doctor may try one or more of the following treatments: Eye massage. Your doctor will massage your closed eyelid with a finger to dislodge the clot. |
e3e136cc5f29d2381aab7370e0560157 | Can you prevent eye stroke? | You usually get an eye stroke because of another medical issue, such as high blood pressure or diabetes. So keep your cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels in check. If you have diabetes, get your eyes checked every year. |
9d7c4d0196ca750c1cfd43f53741256a | What makes eye stroke more likely? | If you have a condition that affects the blood vessels -- including diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or heart disease -- it can raise your chances of an eye stroke. |
014fe745d1cef0b3dd4a86632649a8e1 | What is carbon-dioxide-oxygen to help treat eye stroke? | You breathe in a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen to increase blood flow to the retina. It also widens the arteries. |
e91b1e892a2d25a22e4ae96625dafd49 | How is eye stroke diagnosed? | She may ask you to read an eye chart. She'll also put drops in your eyes to open up your pupils and use an ophthalmoscope to check your retina for any blockages or bleeding. Your doctor will massage your closed eyelid with a finger to dislodge the clot. |
20c7be69bc9f222e38def27d07a63c66 | Can you have a stroke in your eye? | It can cause blurry vision and even blindness. Arteries carry blood to the retina from the heart. Without blood flow, the cells in the retina don't get enough oxygen. They can start to die within minutes or hours. An eye stroke is an emergency. If you don't get treated right away, you can damage your vision permanently. This reduces pressure, which may increase blood flow in the retina. |
fc77229510f68453e944877a01fda3ad | What can you do to prevent migraine headaches from alcohol? | You can also try to: Have alcohol with a meal. This may lower the chance of bringing on a migraine. Don't drink when you're stressed. It's linked to a higher number of migraine headaches. Skip home hangover remedies. There's no proof that drinking raw eggs or downing hot sauce will get rid of your morning-after migraine faster. Downing more alcohol (the âhair of the dogâ theory) won't help either. Try triptans. Ask your doctor if this medicine might help. It can't prevent a migraine, but it can help stop one after it starts. Triptans work best when you take them at the early signs of a migraine. Still, they can cause serious health risks for many people. |
3326fe3c2aefee352558167efb584b72 | What can trigger migraine headaches? | Many things can trigger a migraine, from stress at work to changes in the weather and foods like aged cheese. And for about one-third of people who have these headaches, alcohol is also a trigger. |
4f442a08c698bc1d3e862038c8c3471f | Can home hangover remedies help migraine headaches? | There's no proof that drinking raw eggs or downing hot sauce will get rid of your morning-after migraine faster. Downing more alcohol (the âhair of the dogâ theory) won't help either. |
061d1ae93037ee577275ba8c102c85d9 | How can triptans help treat migraine headaches? | Ask your doctor if this medicine might help. It can't prevent a migraine, but it can help stop one after it starts. Triptans work best when you take them at the early signs of a migraine. Still, they can cause serious health risks for many people. |
1c4a5db65ae577d1933f4a708cf0ce77 | What are symptoms of migraine triggered by alcohol? | Alcohol can cause two different types of migraine headaches. You could get a headache within 30 minutes to 3 hours of drinking. You don't have to chug a large amount for this to happen. Some people only sip a glass or two of wine before their head starts to throb. Or you might be fine until after your blood alcohol level returns to normal. This is called a delayed alcohol-induced headache ( DAIH). It may not show up until the morning after you drink. This type of headache can happen to anyone, but people with migraines are more likely to get one. It can happen even if you drink less than people who don't get migraine headaches. |
30f5231602772c2e8668644b67488e00 | What are the symptoms of a migraine headache caused by alcohol? | But if you're prone to migraine headaches, drinking even a small amount of alcohol can bring on an attack. You could get a headache within 30 minutes to 3 hours of drinking. You don't have to chug a large amount for this to happen. Some people only sip a glass or two of wine before their head starts to throb. Or you might be fine until after your blood alcohol level returns to normal. This is called a delayed alcohol-induced headache ( DAIH). It may not show up until the morning after you drink. This type of headache can happen to anyone, but people with migraines are more likely to get one. It can happen even if you drink less than people who don't get migraine headaches. |
524fab994c7dac86c4fece53249a2721 | Does alcohol trigger migraine headaches? | Drinking a small amount of alcohol may be good for you. This may lower the chance of bringing on a migraine. |
7c66fe41bf451c8ddaab5acd0088bbba | How can you tell if alcohol triggers your migraine headaches? | Alcohol can cause two different types of migraine headaches. Each time you drink, write down the type of alcohol you have, the amount, and if and when you had a migraine. Include how you felt the prior 48 hours as well as any stress or anxiety you were under at the time. Over time, you should be able to see a pattern. A migraine each time you have a night out should be good reason to abstain. You can also try to: Have alcohol with a meal. |
c6f12aa22f280c7492fabea2d6295fe5 | What chemical in alcohol can trigger migraine? | And for about one-third of people who have these headaches, alcohol is also a trigger. Once it gets into your system, it is converted into a chemical that triggers migraine. Ethanol is also a natural diuretic. That means it makes you pee more than normal. All of these things can set you up for a migraine. You might have heard that red wine is most likely to cause problems. But other drinks like sparkling wine, beer, and hard liquor may be just as likely, if not more, to cause problems. |
4ae5810da3320ac86e70b0596fe1250d | How can alcohol trigger a migraine? | But if you're prone to migraine headaches, drinking even a small amount of alcohol can bring on an attack. And for about one-third of people who have these headaches, alcohol is also a trigger. Many things are probably at play. For instance, alcohol byproducts called congeners have been linked to headaches. Dark-colored alcohols like red wine, brandy, and whiskey may contain more of them. Once it gets into your system, it is converted into a chemical that triggers migraine. |
83d9190e6593f674e42b69023d047be4 | What are the cons of gastric banding surgery? | The Cons: Your weight loss may be less dramatic than with gastric bypass. The average loss is 40% to 50% of your excess weight -- although not in everybody. You may regain some of the weight over the years. This type of surgery has a higher rate of re-operation. |
5aa75cf50c385d06a68f8bdedd83ccc5 | How much weight will I lose after gastric banding or bypass surgery? | Blood clots in the legs, called deep vein thrombosis, or DVT Pneumonia After gastric bypass surgery, most people can expect to lose between 66% and 80% of their extra body weight. Most of this is lost within the first two years. After gastric banding, people lose 40% to 50% of their extra weight, typically within the first two years after the surgery. |
4c622aa7572879c8dffd0558cefd65f2 | What are complications that may develop from weight loss surgery? | Complications that may develop following weight loss surgery include: Hernia Gallstones Ulcerations Gastric prolapse Severe scarring of the new stomach pouch Excess skin that may need to be removed in an additional surgery Dehydration Hair loss Kidney stones Hypoglycemia Rare but serious complications include: Bleeding in the stool, or black stools Leaks in new connections made by weight loss surgery; these usually occur within five days of surgery. |
6ebb967abb4c506d54210ab94ea969bc | What are rare but serious complications that may develop from weight loss surgery? | Complications that may develop following weight loss surgery include: Hernia Gallstones Ulcerations Gastric prolapse Severe scarring of the new stomach pouch Excess skin that may need to be removed in an additional surgery Dehydration Hair loss Kidney stones Hypoglycemia Rare but serious complications include: Bleeding in the stool, or black stools Leaks in new connections made by weight loss surgery; these usually occur within five days of surgery. Blood clots in the lungs, called pulmonary emboli, rarely occur, but if they do, they are the most common cause of death after weight loss surgery. Blood clots can be usually prevented with blood thinning medicines and frequent activity. Blood clots in the legs, called deep vein thrombosis, or DVT Pneumonia After gastric bypass surgery, most people can expect to lose between 66% and 80% of their extra body weight. |
e96ed01c5be95f4332da2e1b935842da | When should I decide to get weight loss surgery? | Don't rush into weight loss surgery. Talk to family and friends. Talk to surgeons and to people at the hospital centers. Prepare yourself mentally and physically. Make sure you are committed to changing your lifestyle and to keeping the weight off forever. |
846283169d2686767d29b3f51f4af0fc | What are the pros of gastric bypass surgery? | Gastric Bypass Surgery The Pros: Weight loss is quick and dramatic. People lose an average of 60% to 80% of their excess body weight. Because weight loss is quick, weight-related health problems such as diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, arthritis, sleep apnea, and heartburn improve quickly. Most people are able to keep at least 50% of the excess weight off long term. Loss of stomach tissue results in a drop in the so-called "hunger hormone" (ghrelin), which helps control appetite. |
aa8c002d75611b568b279eb01ba80d93 | Who should consider having weight loss surgery? | Weight loss surgery is not for everyone. Doctors generally recommend it only for people who: Have a body mass index ( BMI) of 40 or more -- about 100 pounds overweight for men and 80 for women Have a lower BMI (35 to 40), but also have serious health problems related to obesity such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, or severe sleep apnea Have tried and failed to lose weight by nonsurgical means such as diet and exercise Fully understand the risks associated with weight loss surgery and are motivated There are two basic types of weight loss surgery -- restrictive surgeries and malabsorptive surgeries. |
2df106da5e5c2f3df06888b36e6383cb | Can you regain weight after weight loss surgery? | Some eat high-calorie or high-fat foods instead of healthy foods -- and eat them too often. Some people rely on "soft meals" such as ice cream and milk shakes. The body itself may change over time, too, leading to weight gain. The digestive tract might begin absorbing more calories. Even the size of your surgical stomach can expand gradually over time. |
5c78135746bde32f1f86ece9c2a484e8 | What is the cost of weight loss surgery and will insurance cover it? | A typical weight loss surgery can run from $15,000 to $25,000 -- so insurance coverage is critical for most people. Every insurance company is different, but before agreeing to cover the surgery, most insurance companies want documentation of the patient's struggle with obesity. They want a primary care doctor's records indicating that the patient has tried to lose weight through diet, exercise, and psychological counseling. Also, medical causes of obesity must be ruled out. It pays to ensure that your doctor documents your efforts early on, so surgery is an option later. |
f48fcddc29ad9132d68a9a288a401015 | What are questions to consider when choosing a bariatric surgeon? | Here are some questions to consider when choosing a bariatric surgeon: Is the specialist board certified by the American Board of Surgery? Is the specialist a member of the American Society of Bariatric Surgeons? How many weight loss surgeries has the surgeon performed? (100 or more is ideal.) How many of the surgeon's patients have died from weight loss surgery? ( Less than 1% is the average.) How often do patients have complications? What side effects are most common? What is the surgeon's success rate? |
9b88f5ccbbbf964880eab44977c94af7 | Will I feel like myself after I lose weight? | You may feel odd, not quite like yourself. You may feel overwhelmed by the lifestyle changes you must make for the rest of your life. You may have reached for food as comfort -- and have difficulty giving it up. A therapist can help you get through this complicated period. A support group can also help. Ask your doctor about support groups for people who have had weight loss surgery. It helps to meet people who are making the same adjustments you're making -- and can help keep you on track with your weight loss program. |
6f1c0601e141c4e332ffe9a557fd6bf3 | Are there educational seminars for people considering weight loss surgery? | Check into centers and hospitals offering educational seminars for people considering weight loss surgery. You can learn more about the actual procedure, the benefits and the risks. You may also get names of specialists who perform these surgeries. Go to these seminars and ask questions. |
c7430455452379549926f15d06a9b432 | What are the cons of gastric bypass surgery? | The Cons: Your weight loss may be less dramatic than with gastric bypass. The surgery may result in vitamin and mineral deficiencies. The surgery may result in dumping syndrome, which occurs when food moves too quickly through the stomach and intestines. Dumping syndrome can cause shaking, sweating, dizziness, nausea, and severe diarrhea. Gastric bypass is generally considered irreversible. The surgery permanently changes how your body digests food. |
5349398c8034525f561e256bf9ffa445 | How can you make nutrition a priority after weight loss surgery? | Should this occur, additional surgery may be necessary. You must make the foods you eat count. You must also take the right supplements, as recommended by your health care provider, because serious malnutrition occurs easily following weight loss surgery. A dietitian can create a diet and nutrition plan designed to meet your needs. |
bacc7dccba38fd972de57ab4aa2c1684 | What are malabsorptive surgeries for weight loss? | Restrictive surgeries (like adjustable gastric banding) work by physically restricting the stomach's size, limiting the amount of solid food you can eat. The surgeon removes parts of your intestine, creating a shortcut for the food to be digested. This means that fewer calories get absorbed into the body. The combined malabsorptive/restrictive surgery also creates a smaller stomach pouch, which restricts the amount of food you can eat. |
9c8f2e2713cab5e552f5f02ed9889a9b | How should you eat after weight loss surgery? | Most people are able to keep at least 50% of the excess weight off long term. Eat small amounts of food slowly, chew well, and eat lots of protein. |
a26826e518259ab26fa005cd03d29fad | How will my physical appearance change after weight loss surgery? | However, many people who lose a lot of weight often find their skin looks loose and baggy. You may want plastic surgery to remove this excess skin. People will notice, and ask you about your appearance. |
bb37812735fd2588c6b706023883e5aa | What are restrictive surgeries for weight loss? | After weight loss surgery, a stomach may only hold one ounce of food, although over time it may be able to hold two or three ounces of food. The combined malabsorptive/restrictive surgery also creates a smaller stomach pouch, which restricts the amount of food you can eat. |
337bc73f253886b139feac26456198ce | Will my social life and relationships change after weight loss surgery? | For many people, food and drink are the basis for socializing. After weight loss surgery, you must find other ways to socialize -- ways that aren't focused on food. Also, as you lose weight, the results will be obvious. People will notice, and ask you about your appearance. Prepare for these questions ahead of time -- and consider how you want to answer them. Talk to family and friends. |
de0f69535ae8a40d79c5408042d0c03a | What are the pros of gastric banding surgery? | Gastric Banding Surgery The Pros: Gastric banding is often a minimally invasive surgery performed with small incisions, a laparoscope (a tiny camera), and special instruments. There is no need to cut into the stomach or intestine, and recovery is usually faster than with gastric bypass surgery. The surgery can be reversed by surgically removing the band. The band can be tightened or loosened in the doctor's office to control weight loss and nutritional needs. Serious complications are uncommon. But gastric bands can slip out of place, become too loose, or leak. Should this occur, additional surgery may be necessary. |
6526afad35a850e92327180103afbbcd | How does weight loss surgery affect overall health? | Because weight loss is quick, weight-related health problems such as diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, arthritis, sleep apnea, and heartburn improve quickly. These include: Obstructive sleep apnea Type 2 diabetes Gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD) High cholesterol Degenerative joint disease or orthopedic problems High blood pressure Asthma Urinary incontinence After weight loss surgery, the body has difficulty absorbing certain important nutrients, including: Iron Vitamin B-12 Folate Calcium Vitamin D However, taking a daily multivitamin, plus other supplements, can prevent or reduce these deficiencies. |
f65f4d73548b2179d7b6a40659fdd32f | What is Simponi and how does it treat rheumatoid arthritis? | They should check you for infections while you're taking it, too, Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria): These biologics target tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). You'll take Simponi as a monthly shot and Simponi Aria every 8 weeks by IV. |
a6cbb395b025ed80258e766e89283ef9 | What is Erelzi and how is it used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Etanercept ( Enbrel), etanercept-szzs ( Erelzi): This medication targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). |
19fede1b50477098d4dff5098a01719c | Can different biologic therapies be taken together at the same time? | As a general rule, you shouldn't take different biologic therapies at the same time. |
54270553a452964060d79395fd64bef4 | What are the side effects of Enbrel used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. |
2ca582cc646b55f0a6eaca2a8a05bcd6 | What are the most common side effects of rheumatoid arthritis? | The most common side effects are a cold, sinus infection, a headache, high blood pressure, or liver problems. |
1340f798d8819b31072a6f808001aeef | How is Erelzi used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Etanercept ( Enbrel), etanercept-szzs ( Erelzi): This medication targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). |
0af908229bd731284142654348b7f096 | Are biologics used before surgery for rheumatoid arthritis? | You can start again when your wounds have healed and your chance of getting an infection has passed. |
0fe81cf832586d46af01591446598de9 | What is Remicade? | Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). |
957cf27cf69269ce04fbab0b7ad18a8b | Are biologics more expensive than other treatments for rheumatoid arthritis? | Drugmakers have to prove they're just as safe and effective as the original and that they work the same way. |
996dace57ae19aa96f3f981a3e3a3339 | What are the side effects of Kineret? | The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. |
83bf42a527e1ae5fa99f5eb09c10598a | What are the most common side effects of Humira? | The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. |
d7563bfca2fd9662db111a5b8378d9be | What is the general rule for taking biologics for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | As a general rule, you shouldn't take different biologic therapies at the same time. |
2cc9db5f2f9a68b3497da3b30d1967fd | What are the most common side effects of Remicade? | The most common side effects are colds, a sinus infection, headache, and rash. |
fe9ea51b1a9fd6935062ddea8ff2c556 | What is Actemra and how does it treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). Tocilizumab ( Actemra): This medication targets interleukin-6 ( IL-6). Or you can get shots every week or every other week. |
ac1009b7eb7cf29f316188d61c3a1e6c | What is Enbrel and how is it used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | You get it in a shot every week or by IV once a month. Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). You take it as an infusion by IV. |
ff850eacff585be5d7b34a8ab145e515 | What is Humira and how is it used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | You get them as a shot once every 2 weeks. Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). You take it as an infusion by IV. |
1f4528b06055d5b9ee2c9ac4cd48dd84 | How is Inflectra used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). You take it as a shot every 2-4 weeks. You take it as an infusion by IV. Your first two infusions will be 2 weeks apart. |
fcecb498521d4eb813eaf87d401cb99e | How do biologics treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Biologics are genetically engineered proteins made from human genes. Unlike other RA medications that affect your entire immune system, biologics zero in on specific parts that control the inflammation process. Aggressive treatment can help prevent long-term disability from rheumatoid arthritis. You might take it alone or along with other rheumatoid arthritis medications. The FDA has approved these medications to treat rheumatoid arthritis. You can start again when your wounds have healed and your chance of getting an infection has passed. |
6e8335a5e1b68290da14cbf1b950ff7c | What are the side effects of biologics? | Like generic medications, they cost less than the original. Before you start taking it, your doctor should test you for infections like tuberculosis and hepatitis. They should check you for infections while you're taking it, too. The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. Biologics can cause allergic reactions. Reaction symptoms include flu-like illness, fever, chills, nausea, and headache. As with any drugs that suppress your immune system, biologics can make you more likely to get infections and other diseases. See the doctor ASAP if you have a fever or unexplained symptoms. You may need to get vaccinations to prevent infections before you start a biologic. Biologics may cause some dormant chronic diseases (like tuberculosis) to flare. |
7b4e17b15fa555fa9049420494dc0ed7 | How is Humira used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | You get them as a shot once every 2 weeks. Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. Your doctor will give you a skin or blood test for tuberculosis before you start a biologic. |
c62e4c06c89862bf2497e31489fc5598 | How are biologic medications given to patients with rheumatoid arthritis? | You take it by IV. You take it as an infusion by IV. |
8a343cfbbf0f2aec1b31367d144ba2b9 | What is Amjevita and how does it treat rheumatoid arthritis? | You might take it alone or along with other rheumatoid arthritis medications. Adalimumab ( Humira), adalimumab-adbm ( Cyltezo), adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita): These medications target tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). The most common side effects are reactions to the infusion, chills, infections, body aches, tiredness, and a low white blood cell count. |
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