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30d991eec692163e5f243063bb251f16 | How is Simponi or Simponi Aria used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | They should check you for infections while you're taking it, too, Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria): These biologics target tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). You'll take Simponi as a monthly shot and Simponi Aria every 8 weeks by IV. The most common side effects are a cold, sinus infection, headache, high blood pressure, and liver problems. |
f03850da1e007742702e9cf1b6ada626 | How is Amjevita used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | You might take it alone or along with other rheumatoid arthritis medications. The most common side effects include headache, a cold, a sore throat, and nausea. Adalimumab ( Humira), adalimumab-adbm ( Cyltezo), adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita): These medications target tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. |
e356f73b22ecfb98707208856189b474 | What should you consider when using biologics to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | As with any drugs that suppress your immune system, biologics can make you more likely to get infections and other diseases. Your doctor will tell you to stop your biologic before surgery. |
8519221c500675cf1374f16b833bee48 | How is Enbrel used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | You get it in a shot every week or by IV once a month. Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. |
71990f79f75608e0772d6246984cda6d | What biologics are approved to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Abatacept ( Orencia) Adalimumab ( Humira), Adalimumab-adbm ( Cyltezo), Adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita) Anakinra ( Kineret) Certolizumab ( Cimzia) Etanercept ( Enbrel), Etanercept-szzs ( Erelzi) Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria) Infliximab ( Remicade), Infliximab-abda ( Renflexis), Infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra) Rituximab ( Rituxan) Tocilizumab ( Actemra) Tofacitinib ( Xeljanz) There are several. The FDA has approved these medications to treat rheumatoid arthritis. |
87e040dab90abee36c4b4395d880c5ee | How is Actemra used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | The FDA has approved these medications to treat rheumatoid arthritis. You'll take Simponi as a monthly shot and Simponi Aria every 8 weeks by IV. Your first two infusions will be 2 weeks apart. Tocilizumab ( Actemra): This medication targets interleukin-6 ( IL-6). The most common side effects are a cold, sinus infection, a headache, high blood pressure, or liver problems. |
b51173ebf9ff0356f5e6a66436b8ca9f | Is it important to meet with my doctor regularly if I have rheumatoid arthritis? | As with any drugs that suppress your immune system, biologics can make you more likely to get infections and other diseases. Your doctor will tell you to stop your biologic before surgery. |
240bf00e37d3bbacd9fe20cf51ed8b64 | What are the side effects of biologics for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Like generic medications, they cost less than the original. Before you start taking it, your doctor should test you for infections like tuberculosis and hepatitis. They should check you for infections while you're taking it, too. The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. Biologics can cause allergic reactions. Reaction symptoms include flu-like illness, fever, chills, nausea, and headache. As with any drugs that suppress your immune system, biologics can make you more likely to get infections and other diseases. See the doctor ASAP if you have a fever or unexplained symptoms. You may need to get vaccinations to prevent infections before you start a biologic. Biologics may cause some dormant chronic diseases (like tuberculosis) to flare. |
653b4e506a63d0c080575076f08cb40e | How is Orencia used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | They include: B-cell inhibitor: They affect B cells, which are white blood cells that carry a protein that can trigger your immune response. The most common side effects are respiratory infections (like sinus infections and a sore throat), headache, coughing, and stomach pain. You take it as an infusion by IV. |
d578e390f9ee0867ba24c6cc0eab87bc | What is Orencia and how is it used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | They include: B-cell inhibitor: They affect B cells, which are white blood cells that carry a protein that can trigger your immune response. The most common side effects are respiratory infections (like sinus infections and a sore throat), headache, coughing, and stomach pain. You take it as an infusion by IV. |
54d84da969bcbdaf652e56f9090f1d0a | What are the most common side effects of Amjevita? | The most common side effects include headache, a cold, a sore throat, and nausea. The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. |
dc74bd01f62a4dd0cb6e5170020adee8 | What is Rituxan and how is it used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | They include: B-cell inhibitor: They affect B cells, which are white blood cells that carry a protein that can trigger your immune response. The FDA has approved these medications to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Your first two infusions will be 2 weeks apart. You can repeat the infusions every 6 months. |
9b17980654adf2a0058e75e21b4ae0e8 | Do biologics slow the progression of rheumatoid arthritis? | Aggressive treatment can help prevent long-term disability from rheumatoid arthritis. You can start again when your wounds have healed and your chance of getting an infection has passed. |
a5dcd5d37b5a13145d249f508d15a08a | What is Cimzia and how is it used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). Your doctor will decide on the dose and how often you should take it. You can take it by IV once a month. |
73475f2a9917b88b75d7ff0872ef2d5c | How is Rituxan used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | They include: B-cell inhibitor: They affect B cells, which are white blood cells that carry a protein that can trigger your immune response. The FDA has approved these medications to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Your first two infusions will be 2 weeks apart. You can repeat the infusions every 6 months. The most common side effects are reactions to the infusion, chills, infections, body aches, tiredness, and a low white blood cell count. |
3883e027657729c6b09e60a5bc067609 | What is Kineret and how is it used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | You might take a biologic alone or with another arthritis drug. Anakinra ( Kineret): This medicine targets interleukin-1 ( IL-1). |
8188724fa79f7c461d130187be8bd93e | How is Remicade used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Certolizumab ( Cimzia): This biologic targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF). You take it as a shot every 2-4 weeks. You take it as a shot 1-2 times each week. The most common side effects are respiratory infections (like sinus infections and a sore throat), headache, coughing, and stomach pain. You take it as an infusion by IV. |
4461272fb8c50d6b8e097a42821866f6 | How is Kineret used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Anakinra ( Kineret): This medicine targets interleukin-1 ( IL-1). You take it as a shot once a day. The most common are pain and rash at the injection site. |
0fe05af243b722667ebb811811782564 | What is an action plan for asthma? | If you don't have one already, work with your doctor to create an asthma action plan. This is something you talk about and write down. It helps you tell how well-controlled your asthma is and what to do about it. Your action plan might include: How much medicine to take and when A list of your triggers and ways to avoid them What to do when you have specific symptoms of trouble A peak flow meter is an inexpensive, hand-held gadget. |
7936ffde7266776f703d08d5e3000d17 | What should an asthma diary include? | A diary can help you keep track of how well-controlled your asthma is. Every day, write down: Any asthma symptoms you had and how you're feeling Where you were and what you were doing right before a flare When you're using medication and how much Your PEF numbers All of this information, collected in one place, helps you and your doctor see patterns and recognize warnings of asthma attacks. You can learn to prevent them or stop them before you get very ill. Your doctor can also check your diary to see how well your asthma action plan is working. |
4e70109fd5b74e39f0388ad1d33edb3d | How is a peak flow meter used to help with asthma symptoms? | Your action plan might include: How much medicine to take and when A list of your triggers and ways to avoid them What to do when you have specific symptoms of trouble A peak flow meter is an inexpensive, hand-held gadget. You use it to measure how fast air comes out when you exhale hard after a full breath in. This number is called a peak expiratory flow, or PEF. Your doctor may want you to use a peak flow meter to help you recognize trouble. Many asthma symptoms result from not being able to move air out of your lungs. If your PEF goes down, that's a sign your asthma is getting worse and you need to do something. |
b4945ee2c26ea2601381002a3f413ab8 | What can you do to lower your stress from asthma? | For instance, a negative response to emotional stress can cause an asthma attack. Some natural relaxation remedies like deep abdominal breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and biofeedback can help relieve stress. Stress may trigger asthma symptoms. |
77d6aac67950a6d7273a8ca124214a78 | What is complementary therapy for asthma? | Unfortunately, there is no cure for asthma at this point. While some people with asthma say acupuncture eases their symptoms, there's little proof that acupuncture works as an asthma treatment. Herbs and natural dietary supplements. Work with your doctor to come up with an asthma action plan. |
8ae9f279bd07e7ecaffdf01d1be992d3 | How can you relieve asthma symptoms? | Learning to control your heart rate may help you manage your asthma, but more studies are needed to confirm a benefit. As you consider the different types of natural asthma remedies available, it's very important to cautiously balance your desire to breathe easier with the possible dangers of the treatment, which may be unknown. Your action plan might include: How much medicine to take and when A list of your triggers and ways to avoid them What to do when you have specific symptoms of trouble A peak flow meter is an inexpensive, hand-held gadget. Many asthma symptoms result from not being able to move air out of your lungs. Every day, write down: Any asthma symptoms you had and how you're feeling Where you were and what you were doing right before a flare When you're using medication and how much Your PEF numbers All of this information, collected in one place, helps you and your doctor see patterns and recognize warnings of asthma attacks. |
416a26b2e99fdb058f643d2fa87c59bf | When should you talk to your doctor about asthma relief? | Some natural therapies may help to manage symptoms of asthma. But because there have been limited research studies on complementary and alternative treatments for asthma, it's not known how safe and effective these are. Herbs and natural dietary supplements. Your doctor may want you to use a peak flow meter to help you recognize trouble. |
e8dff6b2b92c27b4728d2fbd638882c7 | When should you call 911 if someone breaks a bone in their face? | The person has difficulty breathing. The upper and lower jaws don't meet properly. There is an open wound with exposed bone. The person has blurred or double vision or trouble moving his or her eyeballs. |
17934aa6f0169e2b25b5d781bf7b07d7 | How can you control pain and swelling from facial fracture? | Keep the person's face elevated to allow blood to drain. Apply ice for swelling. |
c766e3acfddcd87bce2771b03501fca1 | When should you get help for facial fracture? | You need to see a health care provider for a facial fracture, including broken nose, jaw, cheekbone, or eye socket. |
709eb4ce7b4594ee3199d558c1611e43 | What will my child with ADHD learn in a social skills group or program? | The children in these sessions do special activities, like role-playing, to learn how to: Greet other kids Start and hold a conversation Take turns when playing Ask for help when they need it Many schools have these groups. |
79ab3f421a8548a654206605f3c5167e | Are there groups or programs dedicated to social skills that can help my child with ADHD? | A school psychologist or speech therapist usually leads them. They're also small. Typically, there aren't more than eight kids in a group. The children in these sessions do special activities, like role-playing, to learn how to: Greet other kids Start and hold a conversation Take turns when playing Ask for help when they need it Many schools have these groups. There are also privately run programs. |
a6fb5d7852814da389debd7694fe39ce | What can I tell my child with ADHD before an event to ease nervousness? | Talk with your child about what to do if she gets teased or picked on. |
0315c89aacaa79b0a8346835f72af078 | How can hobbies help my child with ADHD in their social life? | Look for hobbies that center around your child's interests. It can be things like art, video games, sports, or whatever. Instead of signing up for what you think is best, let your child help you decide. Look for programs that have kids with ADHD in mind. |
e4ebd2528d41cc9ef5575a8053bb3c66 | Will making my child with ADHD join a lot of activities help with social life? | What can a parent do to help? Pick one or two habits to work on with her at a time, such as taking turns or sharing. |
47cc9db4b1e8c3158af208b59e828f5c | Does my child's ADHD treatment help their social life? | What can a parent do to help? Medicine can also cut down on behaviors like impulsiveness that may keep other kids away. |
7d81c2ad9e3ac38b13756fe99892e197 | How much should I get involved in the social life of my child with ADHD? | Work with them and the school's guidance counselor to clear up any conflicts that could get in the way of friendships. One or two close friendships may be all she needs. |
13277498dfd780ff2875e1952de429de | Where can I find a social skills group or program for my child with ADHD? | It may help to choose something fun that your child is comfortable doing. Explore social skills groups. There are programs designed to help your child learn to make friends and do better in class. |
f43665bac0d8507b5a62393249fdc828 | How can I know if ADHD is affecting my child's social life in school? | The same treatments that help your child succeed in school can also help with social issues. There are programs designed to help your child learn to make friends and do better in class. Kids with ADHD can be targets for bullying, too. Be prepared. Talk with your child about what to do if she gets teased or picked on. Make sure she knows it's OK to tell you if she's bullied. |
5c92ac09683ea3c91425c9920374eb1b | What are the symptoms of strep throat? | A sore throat is the main sign your child has strep. Colds and other viruses can also cause a sore throat. One way to tell the difference is that a virus will often cause a runny nose, too. With strep, the sore throat comes on quickly. Your throat feels raw, and it hurts to swallow. Strep is also more likely to cause these other symptoms as well: A fever of 101 F or higher Red, swollen tonsils White patches in the throat Tiny red spots on the roof of the mouth Appetite loss Stomachache Headache Nausea, vomiting Rash Call your doctor if you or a child in your care has these symptoms. |
be9c5bf93942d6088b6bf18474741269 | How is strep throat diagnosed? | The only sure way to tell strep from viruses that cause a sore throat is with a test. There are two kinds: Rapid strep test: It can identify a case in just a few minutes. The doctor will gently hold down your child's tongue with a depressor. |
38fb4fe2d81dd7183c620d0ce9e27c4b | How can you keep strep throat from spreading? | Have your child stay home from school or daycare until the fever is gone and he has been on an antibiotic for at least 24 hours. Same for you and the workplace. Other tips: Don't share cups, dishes, forks, or other personal items with someone who's sick. Ask children to cover their mouths with a tissue or sleeve whenever they cough or sneeze. Have everyone in the house wash their hands or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer many times daily. |
8dd2a3de6f8c3fc0bf7597713f920b59 | How is a rapid test used to diagnose strep throat? | There are two kinds: Rapid strep test: It can identify a case in just a few minutes. The doctor will gently hold down your child's tongue with a depressor. Then, she will use a cotton swab to take a sample from the back of the throat. You'll get the results in 20 minutes or less. If the test is positive, which means strep is there, the doctor will prescribe antibiotics to treat it. If the test is negative, which means the strep bacteria could not be found, the doctor might send the sample to a lab for a follow-up that takes longer. |
cbaccfad45840b56777b18dbd8afdff7 | How do I catch strep throat? | Strep throat is an infection of the throat and tonsils. Bacteria called group Astreptococcus, also known as Streptococcus pyogenes. cause it. They live in the nose and throat. You can get the infection from someone who is sick with strep A bacteria or is a carrier of it. Like other infections, it spreads through close contact. When people who are sick cough or sneeze, they release droplets into the air that hold the bacteria. You can infect yourself if you touch something a person with strep has coughed or sneezed upon and then brush your eyes, mouth, or nose with your hand. You can also get sick if you share a glass or other personal item with someone who has strep. Strep is most common in children and teens. Adults can sometimes get it, too. |
0e8642a96734cb6bfe7233d63e16860e | What do you need to know about strep throat? | Irritants such as smoke in the air can also make you feel raw. Strep throat is different -- it's caused by bacteria. You need to know whether you or your child has strep or another illness so you can get the right treatment. Colds and other viruses can also cause a sore throat. The doctor will gently hold down your child's tongue with a depressor. |
41caa78903954721063ef0610f2145b8 | What are the treatments for strep throat? | If the test is positive, which means strep is there, the doctor will prescribe antibiotics to treat it. Most treatments last for about 10 days. The medicine can make your child's symptoms go away faster and help prevent complications. Make sure your child takes all of the doses. Stopping the medicine too early can leave some bacteria alive. These can make your child sick again. Be sure to tell the doctor if your young one is allergic to any types of antibiotics. |
be34d50a57ca6b4d37efc13b02a5c021 | What is high myopia? | High myopia: It's a more serious form of the condition, where the eyeball grows more than it is supposed to and becomes very long front to back. Besides making it hard to see things at a distance, it can also raise your chance of having other conditions like a detached retina, cataracts, and glaucoma. |
e304f72931d265b544547e7ea31b2dce | What are symptoms of myopia? | Chances are the only symptom is that more distant objects are blurred. You may also notice: Headaches Squinting Eye strain Eye fatigue when you try to see objects more than a few feet away Children with myopia often have trouble reading the blackboard at school. |
f4d5192bfab0df2501366af8a9c863b7 | How can photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) help with treating myopia? | The most common procedures for myopia are: Photorefractive keratectomy: Also called PRK, this surgery uses a laser to sculpt the middle layer of your cornea. That flattens the cornea's curve and lets light rays focus closer to or on your retina. |
e932384f9e6259b508ed2edb80aaf8be | What causes myopia? | The structure of your eye is to blame. When your eyeball is too long or the cornea -- the protective outer layer of your eye -- is too curved, the light that enters your eye won't focus correctly. Images focus in front of the retina, the light-sensitive part of your eye, instead of directly on the retina. This causes blurred vision. Doctors call this a refractive error. |
c85a276f0006a94082b834134000d576 | When does myopia typically start? | Myopia runs in families and will probably start in childhood. It stops changing after your teenage years, but not always. If you notice changes in your vision, get your eyes checked. See your eye doctor every year. |
1e5cb0b730a6e5194566abf17e5a37c3 | What is degenerative myopia? | Degenerative myopia: Also called pathological or malignant myopia, it is a rare type you usually inherit from your parents. Your eyeball gets longer very quickly and causes severe myopia, usually by the teenage or early adult years. This type of myopia can get worse far into adulthood. Besides making it hard to see things at a distance, you may have a higher chance of having a detached retina, abnormal blood vessel growth in the eye (choroid neovascularization), and glaucoma. |
01a90d047a261e411307b865280387a8 | How can laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) help with treating myopia? | LASIK : This the most common surgery for myopia. The surgeon uses a laser or another tool to create a thin flap on the top layer of your cornea. He sculpts the cornea with another laser and moves the flap back into place. |
6ac9fc2179a44e1aaea3be06579e4db6 | How is myopia diagnosed? | Images focus in front of the retina, the light-sensitive part of your eye, instead of directly on the retina. This causes blurred vision. An eye exam can show you if you're myopic. Glasses, contacts, or refractive surgery can usually correct the problem. |
fba9767b77a091a5bd91dcad5272182c | How is hepatitis C known not to spread? | If a mom has hepatitis C and her nipples are cracked and bleeding, she should stop nursing until her nipples have healed. Then she can resume nursing. |
7e501848d38eb13d3bd7effdb62e1ca2 | How can avoiding direct exposure to blood or blood products help prevent hepatitis C infection? | If you are a medical worker or health care provider, avoid coming into direct contact with blood. Any tools that draw blood in the workplace should be thrown out safely or sterilized to prevent hepatitis C infection. |
09b8c772db94677980b3f8cfdc902276 | How can avoiding sharing personal care items help prevent hepatitis C infection? | Often, people will cut themselves while shaving, or their gums will bleed while brushing their teeth. Even small amounts of blood can infect someone, so it is important not to share items such as toothbrushes, razors, nail and hair clippers, and scissors. If you already have hepatitis C, make sure you keep your personal items, such as razors and toothbrushes, separate and out of children's reach. |
003c52a82eb8bfe11bda7be03c8af56b | How can avoiding sharing needles help prevent hepatitis C infection? | Besides needles, the virus may be present in other equipment used with illicit drugs. |
50f89815f828c30a4b9fd1a37e39fe72 | How can practicing safe sex prevent hepatitis C? | It is rare for hepatitis C to be transmitted through sexual intercourse, but there is a higher chance of getting hepatitis C if you have HIV, another sexually transmitted disease, multiple sex partners, or if you engage in rough sex. |
6c828f55535b9222386c5e55e5f90c2d | How is hepatitis C transmission currently prevented? | One of the main problems with preventing hepatitis C is that most people who are infected don't show symptoms at first. Many only find out when they have a blood test for an unrelated reason. Until relatively recently, this often led to infected blood and organs being used in transfusions and transplants. As of July 1992, all blood and organ donations are screened for the hepatitis C virus. Although not perfect, only about 1 in 2 million blood transfusions may transmit hepatitis C. Anyone who received a blood transfusion or organ donation before July 1992 should be tested for the virus. As of 1987, all blood products for the treatment of hemophilia are treated to remove infectious viruses, such as hepatitis C and HIV. But if you took any blood products before 1987, you should be tested for hepatitis C. There is no vaccine to prevent hepatitis C infection. |
b0311cdb72cdda05ee03f9925aaa8022 | How should you choose tattoo and piercing parlors to prevent hepatitis C infection? | Only use a licensed tattoo and piercing artist who does the right sanitary procedures. A new, disposable needle and ink well should be used for each customer. If in doubt, ask about their disposable products and sanitary procedures before getting a tattoo or piercing. |
b7f1e6e2559cc1b97cdb4a87a1954bd9 | What are the symptoms of prostate cancer? | That's why regular prostate cancer screenings are so important. Once a tumor causes the prostate gland to swell, or once cancer spreads beyond the prostate, the following symptoms may happen: The need to pee often, especially at night Trouble starting or stopping a stream of urine A weak stream, or one that starts and stops Leaking when you laugh or cough Not being able to pee standing up Pain or burning when you pee Pain or burning when you ejaculate Less fluid when you ejaculate Blood in your pee or semen Pressure or pain in your rectum Pain or stiffness in your lower back, hips, pelvis, or thighs A decrease in the amount of fluid ejaculated New trouble getting an erection These aren't symptoms of the cancer itself. |
8b011e50dbda73f566caa57803a1f3d8 | When should you call your doctor about prostate cancer? | Symptoms of advanced prostate cancer include: Dull, deep pain or stiffness in the pelvis, lower back, ribs, or upper thighs; pain in the bones of those areas Loss of weight and appetite Fatigue, nausea, or vomiting Swelling of the lower extremities Weakness or paralysis in the lower limbs, often with constipation Bowel problems You have trouble urinating or find that urination is painful or different from normal; your doctor should examine your prostate gland to determine whether it is enlarged, inflamed with an infection, or cancerous. You have chronic pain in your lower back, pelvis, upper thighbones, or other bones. Pain in these areas can be caused by different things, including the spread of prostate cancer. You have unexplained weight loss. You have swelling in your legs. You have weakness in your legs or a hard time walking, especially if you also have constipation. |
e05f8cfe393f60ba467644046daaeca0 | Who gets sleep apnea? | Sleep apnea can affect anyone at any age, even children. Risk factors for sleep apnea include: Being male Being overweight Being over age 40 Having a large neck size (17 inches or greater in men and 16 inches or greater in women) Having large tonsils, a large tongue, or a small jaw bone Having a family history of sleep apnea Nasal obstruction due to a deviated septum, allergies, or sinus problems If left untreated, sleep apnea can increase the risk of health problems, including: High blood pressure Stroke Heart failure, irregular heart beats, and heart attacks Diabetes Depression Worsening of ADHD Headaches In addition, untreated sleep apnea may be responsible for poor performance in everyday activities, such as at work and school, motor vehicle crashes, and academic underachievement in children and adolescents. |
64677d9af4e9b60c17298266a95d783a | How does sleep apnea affect your body? | Risk factors for sleep apnea include: Being male Being overweight Being over age 40 Having a large neck size (17 inches or greater in men and 16 inches or greater in women) Having large tonsils, a large tongue, or a small jaw bone Having a family history of sleep apnea Nasal obstruction due to a deviated septum, allergies, or sinus problems If left untreated, sleep apnea can increase the risk of health problems, including: High blood pressure Stroke Heart failure, irregular heart beats, and heart attacks Diabetes Depression Worsening of ADHD Headaches In addition, untreated sleep apnea may be responsible for poor performance in everyday activities, such as at work and school, motor vehicle crashes, and academic underachievement in children and adolescents. |
0d42a53c50247de82fbb5e6e3ed5a871 | What is sleep apnea? | Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder that occurs when a person's breathing is interrupted during sleep. People with untreated sleep apnea stop breathing repeatedly during their sleep, sometimes hundreds of times. This means the brain -- and the rest of the body -- may not get enough oxygen. |
779ca7c97608d3cc2e9deda369469261 | What are the types of sleep apnea? | This means the brain -- and the rest of the body -- may not get enough oxygen. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } There are two types of sleep apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea ( OSA): The more common of the two forms of apnea, it is caused by a blockage of the airway, usually when the soft tissue in the back of the throat collapses during sleep. Central sleep apnea: Unlike OSA, the airway is not blocked, but the brain fails to signal the muscles to breathe, due to instability in the respiratory control center. |
6202aaf0781dbfae61f05ac84ff6c434 | What are the signs of physical abuse in children? | Signs of physical abuse may include: Bruises, welts, or other injuries that can't be explained or don't match with the child's story Burns, especially from cigarettes, that can't be explained Injury marks that have a pattern, like from a hand, belt, or other objects Injuries that are at different stages of healing Medical or dental issues that go untreated Kids who've been physically abused may also: Avoid any kind of touch or physical contact Be afraid to go home Seem to always be on high alert Wear clothing that doesn't match the weather -- such as long sleeves on hot days -- to cover up bruises Withdraw from friends and activities Signs of sexual abuse may include: Avoiding a certain person for no clear reason Bloody, torn, or stained underwear Bruising or bleeding around the genitals Pain or itching around the genitals that might cause problems walking or sitting Pregnancy or STDs, especially for boys and girls under 14 years old Refusing to change clothes in front of others Running away from home Sexual activity or knowledge that people usually have only when they're older Signs of emotional abuse may include: Constant worry about doing something wrong Speech problems or delays in learning and emotional development Depression and low self-esteem Doing poorly in school Extreme behavior, such as being way too obedient or way too demanding Headaches and stomachaches with no clear cause The child doesn't seem close to a parent or caregiver Showing little interest in friends and activities Signs of neglect may include: Always looking dirty Being left alone or in the care of other young children Eating more than usual at a meal or saving food for later Doesn't get medical, dental, or mental health care Missing a lot of school Poor weight gain and growth If you suspect child abuse, it's important to report it. |
de0155022eb8eb0c450484fdfca6d64f | What are the signs of sexual abuse in children? | Signs of physical abuse may include: Bruises, welts, or other injuries that can't be explained or don't match with the child's story Burns, especially from cigarettes, that can't be explained Injury marks that have a pattern, like from a hand, belt, or other objects Injuries that are at different stages of healing Medical or dental issues that go untreated Kids who've been physically abused may also: Avoid any kind of touch or physical contact Be afraid to go home Seem to always be on high alert Wear clothing that doesn't match the weather -- such as long sleeves on hot days -- to cover up bruises Withdraw from friends and activities Signs of sexual abuse may include: Avoiding a certain person for no clear reason Bloody, torn, or stained underwear Bruising or bleeding around the genitals Pain or itching around the genitals that might cause problems walking or sitting Pregnancy or STDs, especially for boys and girls under 14 years old Refusing to change clothes in front of others Running away from home Sexual activity or knowledge that people usually have only when they're older Signs of emotional abuse may include: Constant worry about doing something wrong Speech problems or delays in learning and emotional development Depression and low self-esteem Doing poorly in school Extreme behavior, such as being way too obedient or way too demanding Headaches and stomachaches with no clear cause The child doesn't seem close to a parent or caregiver Showing little interest in friends and activities Signs of neglect may include: Always looking dirty Being left alone or in the care of other young children Eating more than usual at a meal or saving food for later Doesn't get medical, dental, or mental health care Missing a lot of school Poor weight gain and growth If you suspect child abuse, it's important to report it. |
c33fb4fa22d7f826b4a888b00624fffe | What should I do if I think my child has vision problems? | You child might be having trouble with her sight if she: Complains about headaches or blurry vision Closes one eye Rubs her eyes Complains about pain in one or both eyes Has an eye that turns in, out, up, down, or wanders Has eyes that cross or can't focus Holds books really close to see the words If you spot one of these symptoms, make an appointment with her pediatrician or an eye doctor. Getting a checkup right away can let the doctor find vision problems before they can affect her sight -- and school performance. It's very important to watch your child, since many kids don't know something is wrong! |
917fed85a216741b7a0ffc9ccbc0ffd6 | What does it mean when my child can't see things far away? | It might be: Nearsightedness, or myopia. What to do: Get her vision checked. Eyeglasses or contact lenses can improve distance vision. |
935685f8afdb477260a3d15ba5b06073 | What does it mean when my child squints? | Does she have a vision problem? It can be a sign of nearsightedness, or myopia, as your doctor would call it. Nearsightedness is just one of several common childhood vision problems. One out of every 4 kids has trouble with eyesight. Often, parents don't know there's a problem. That's why all children should get regular eye exams. To get your child fitted, see an eye specialist. |
81f8b2fc695e621a6b6dab86d7448bb6 | How can I know if my child has vision problems? | Some kids have a lazy eye. Most of the time, they squint. You child might be having trouble with her sight if she: Complains about headaches or blurry vision Closes one eye Rubs her eyes Complains about pain in one or both eyes Has an eye that turns in, out, up, down, or wanders Has eyes that cross or can't focus Holds books really close to see the words If you spot one of these symptoms, make an appointment with her pediatrician or an eye doctor. |
8f5023e622863e0288f064541da9c4dd | Which sites should be used for self-injection? | Important: Only use the sites on the front of your body for self-injection. Any of the sites may be used if someone else is giving you the injection. |
5754d6548298d332a21373082ead55be | What can happen if someone withdraws too much cloudy insulin? | Important: This must be an exact measurement. If you withdraw too much cloudy insulin, the total dosage in the syringe must be discarded. Be careful not to push any of the clear insulin from the syringe into the cloudy insulin. If there are large air bubbles after mixing the insulin in the syringe, discard this dosage and start the procedure again. Do not push the insulin back into the bottle. |
cc5f02907af1160253f0e7a81876a173 | How do you select and clean an injection site when giving yourself an insulin shot? | Do not inject near joints, the groin area, navel, the middle of the abdomen, or near scars. Clean the injection site (about 2 inches of your skin) in a circular motion with an alcohol wipe or a cotton ball dampened with rubbing alcohol. Leave the alcohol wipe or cotton ball nearby. |
2a5d31166ba1be6d65e99971dde87955 | What is an insulin shot? | Subcutaneous tissue (also called "sub Q" tissue) is found throughout your body. |
b86b2b029c5977551e86ecc708ece630 | What are the guidelines for injections? | Follow these guidelines: Ask your doctor, nurse, or health educator which sites you should use. Move the site of each injection. Inject at least 1 1/2 inches away from the last injection site. Try to use the same general injection area at the same time of each day (for example, use the abdomen for the injection before lunch). Note: The abdomen absorbs insulin the fastest, followed by the arms, thighs, and buttocks. Keep a record of which injection sites you have used. |
63f26bb1f35fa6b90e31672ae7156dc8 | How does someone prepare the insulin and syringe? | Remove the plastic cap from the insulin bottle. Roll the bottle of insulin between your hands two to three times to mix the insulin. Do not shake the bottle, as air bubbles can form and affect the amount of insulin withdrawn. Wipe off the rubber part on the top of the insulin bottle with an alcohol pad or cotton ball dampened with alcohol. Set the insulin bottle nearby on a flat surface. Remove the cap from the needle. |
bcc429657ae693e59c27b521c6278302 | Where should someone go to learn about proper disposal of insulin needles? | Do NOT put this container in the recycling bin. Some communities have specific disposal laws. Check with your local health department for specific disposal instructions in your community. |
2c1c0b43d39f7e1bf08d9ecde197007d | How do I rotate insulin injection sites? | Important: Only use the sites on the front of your body for self-injection. Follow these guidelines: Ask your doctor, nurse, or health educator which sites you should use. Move the site of each injection. Try to use the same general injection area at the same time of each day (for example, use the abdomen for the injection before lunch). Keep a record of which injection sites you have used. |
b4ece977922b32ae95fcbe9ff0891a5d | What should someone do when they are finished injecting insulin? | Select a clean, dry work area, and gather the following insulin supplies: Bottle of insulin Sterile insulin syringe (needle attached) with wrapper removed Two alcohol wipes (or cotton balls and a bottle of rubbing alcohol) One container for used equipment (such as a hard plastic or metal container with a screw-on or tightly secured lid or a commercial "sharps" container) Wash hands with soap and warm water and dry them with a clean towel. Remove the needle cap. When the container is full, put the lid or cover on it and throw it away with the trash. |
1c069cf97bf313448f1dc9813c872d60 | How do I treat symptoms of broken or knocked-out teeth? | Control bleeding with sterile gauze or cloth. For pain and swelling, apply a cool compress. Encourage a child to suck on a frozen pop. For pain, take ibuprofen or acetaminophen. |
40019044e2b675470b9c4fdd75429a51 | What are some first aid steps for a knocked-out teeth? | Touch only the crown, the top part of the tooth. Rinse the tooth gently in a bowl of lukewarm water for no more than 10 seconds only if there is dirt or foreign matter on it. Rinse mouth with warm water. If possible, reinsert permanent teeth into the correct sockets and have the person bite on a gauze pad to hold teeth in place. If you can't reinsert permanent teeth, or for baby teeth or teeth fragments, store them in whole milk or between your cheek and gum to prevent drying. For teeth that have been knocked out, see a dentist or go to an emergency room immediately. Take the teeth or teeth fragments with you. |
ef2f7a1796de9c52ecdd07c78d384ffe | What are salicylates? | Salicylates are chemicals found in plants and are a major ingredient in aspirin and other pain-relieving medications. They're also naturally in many fruits and vegetables, as well as in many common health and beauty products. |
d4ccf32db1efd01c7ba6628999d362c6 | How can autoimmune thyroiditis cause goiter? | As the disease goes on, your thyroid may become enlarged, a condition called a goiter. The front of your neck will look swollen, and it might make your throat feel full. It may not hurt. Left alone, the thyroid will eventually shrink on its own, but that doesn't mean you're cured. That just means your thyroid is damaged. |
89eaac4e745919712248fd94687e8f48 | What foods and supplements can mess with your treatment for autoimmune thyroiditis? | You'll need to take medicine for the rest of your life. |
408f38cb5c9be5a7eccfc3bb3b1e4fc6 | What causes autoimmune thyroiditis? | Or it could be a combination of causes. |
4efca91e062283f1a4585c079aaea1f5 | How is autoimmune thyroiditis treated? | The usual therapy is a prescription medicine called levothyroxine ( Levo- T, Levothroid, Levoxyl, Synthroid, Tirosint, Unithroid). It's a man-made version of what a healthy thyroid makes. Your doctor will keep an eye on you and may have to adjust your dosage every once in a while. You'll need to take medicine for the rest of your life. |
81b8a50cba48dfa1d78fd20a451546ff | Who is more likely to get autoimmune thyroiditis? | You may be more likely to get autoimmune thyroiditis if you: Are a woman Are middle-aged Have another autoimmune disorder like lupus, type 1 diabetes, or rheumatoid arthritis Are related to someone who has autoimmune thyroiditis Have been exposed to environmental radiation You may not have any in the beginning. |
38a384e0f4e3d4aee2b7284010df9e0a | How is autoimmune thyroiditis diagnosed? | Symptoms can include: Tiredness Sensitivity to cold Puffy face Trouble pooping Enlarged tongue Pale, dry skin and brittle nails Hair loss Weight gain Muscle aches and joint pain Depression Memory lapse Heavy menstrual bleeding Your doctor will order blood tests to check your thyroid hormone levels. The tests also look for something called thyroperoxidase antibodies. You also might have an ultrasound so your doctor can look at your thyroid, especially if your blood test results aren't clear. Your doctor might spot the problem through regular blood tests even if you don't have any symptoms, especially if they're aware that your family has a history of thyroid problems. |
eacbc67942d8fc918c3b7e52e147623b | What is autoimmune thyroiditis? | That can affect your energy level, mood, and weight. If your thyroid becomes inflamed, you have thyroiditis. Sometimes it happens because your body makes antibodies that attack your thyroid by mistake. This condition is called autoimmune thyroiditis, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or Hashimoto's disease. The front of your neck will look swollen, and it might make your throat feel full. That just means your thyroid is damaged. |
151f4a3c5e9e996fb5172c5cf417f5f0 | Is hyperhidrosis serious? | Focal hyperhidrosis isn't medically serious. Other forms of excessive sweating, though, can signal underlying medical problems. Sweating all over the body at once is called generalized hyperhidrosis. It's frequently caused by diseases affecting the whole body. Infections, hormone problems, cancer, or nerve problems can be responsible. It often occurs during sleep, unlike focal hyperhidrosis, which occurs only when awake. Anyone with all-over body sweating should see a doctor as soon as possible. |
c1e323d7584b2027e88630a1f69f78e4 | Can hyperhidrosis treatment help? | Despite the serious negative impact hyperhidrosis has on the lives of those who suffer from it, most never seek treatment. Generally, people with focal hyperhidrosis have been living with their problem since they were young. After learning to live with excessive sweating, they often don't recognize their problem is treatable. That's too bad, because effective hyperhidrosis treatments are available. Although no treatment is perfect, hyperhidrosis medications and procedures can help many people with the condition. |
ccef6f0dfef82592961fe887dcf3f591 | How does hyperhidrosis begin? | Sweating is worst in the palms, soles, or underarms. When excessive sweating is limited to these areas, it's called focal hyperhidrosis. Most people with focal hyperhidrosis are otherwise completely healthy. Studies suggest that they are no more nervous or easily upset than people who sweat normally. |
61972314c9d83006644bc9c1c784ba53 | Which doctors can help with hyperhidrosis? | Dermatologists are generally the best doctors for treating excessive sweating that's not controlled by OTC products. They are usually more familiar with hyperhidrosis treatment, especially when sweating is severe. Depending on your insurance, you may need a referral to a dermatologist from your regular doctor. |
02f47c12ed2413f47732f0710716af10 | What does the treatment of hyperhidrosis involve? | Hyperhidrosis that's controllable by OTC treatment doesn't need a doctor's visit. Antiperspirants can even be used at bedtime. Prescription antiperspirants: Most people with hyperhidrosis will sweat through OTC antiperspirants. A doctor can prescribe a higher-strength, aluminum salt-based antiperspirant. This can be effective for mild cases of excessive sweating. Some more advanced treatments for hyperhidrosis include: Iontophoresis: This involves soaking the hands or feet in a basin of water through which a mild electric current is passed. |
d089f67989e180be5613e05b9fbd2cd6 | What are the symptoms of a pleural effusion? | You're more likely to have symptoms when a pleural effusion is moderate or large-sized, or if there is also inflammation. If you do have symptoms, they may include: Shortness of breath Chest pain, especially when breathing in deeply ( This is called pleurisy or pleuritic pain.) |
f2af1d9d9c030ffb7e204786672715ad | How is a pleural effusion treated? | Your doctor may need to treat only the medical condition that caused the pleural effusion. You would get antibiotics for pneumonia, for instance, or diuretics for congestive heart failure. |
c0ad4e97c17e9c8ffe081c5cf55006a7 | What are common causes of a pleural effusion? | But it can also come from liver or kidney disease, when fluid builds up in your body and leaks into the pleural space. Cancer. Infections. Lupus or rheumatoid arthritis are some diseases that can cause it. Pulmonary embolism. You can then drain the pleural effusion at home. |
d025ae3d679344846b3680d8a3783260 | What are some non-food ways to reward yourself for losing weight? | Rewards may include treating yourself to a movie or massage, taking an afternoon off from work, or giving an hour of time to yourself. Keep in mind that many small rewards, given for meeting small goals, can work better than bigger rewards for long, difficult goals. |
bbfbaa1169a845b8272cd4c0b838546d | How does setting the right goals help with long-term weight loss? | Most people trying to lose weight only focus on their ultimate goal: dropping pounds. But it's important not to lose sight of the diet and exercise changes that will get you there. Choose two or three diet and exercise goals at a time that you are willing to take on. And make sure they are specific and realistic. |
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