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"text": "Emotions in general are detrimental to your sparring.",
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"text": "Usually when I have seen this said to a student it is not because we want you to get angry, but that you are sparring as if you are afraid.",
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"text": "If you are afraid of striking your opponent you become SLOW and hesitant.",
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"text": "Remember here that you should only ever spar willingly (never spar if you don't want to) and also that your partner is in the same position.",
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"text": "Hitting your partner (or at least trying in earnest to do so) is actually beneficial to them, if you don't hit them (by reacting calmly to the openings they present) then they will have a false sense of security/confidence going into other bouts and wind up getting hit more.",
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"text": "Sparring '",
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"text": "Angry' is usually an attempt by your opponent to intimidate you into losing confidence and not trying hard.",
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"text": "Many people will try this tactic, learn to deal with it and keep your calm as they are using that instead of skill to try to win.",
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"text": "Once you have dealt with people sparring this way a couple of times you will learn to cherish new opponents that try it as they are easy to pick apart and usually don't have any other tactic to fall back on.",
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"text": "As @Kristina Lex says - reacting to the situation and putting a hand or foot to any target that presents itself is key - and much easier if you aren't angry/afraid/flustered - leave emotions at the door of the Dojang or on the pads/bags .",
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"text": "What works for your sensei might not work from you.",
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"text": "He is teaching you, what had worked for him.",
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"text": "For some, they use anger for the aggressiveness it brings.",
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"text": "Anger dominates certain opponents.",
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"text": "And in the case of draw, the more aggressive fighter that attacks more (whether contact or not) is usually declared the winner.",
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"text": "But anger does not work for everyone.",
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"text": "It results in your judgment being clouded, tunnel vision, rash decisions leading to mistakes, disqualifications due to fouls, not to mention raising your blood pressure and heart rate for the wrong reasons.",
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"text": "I prefer teaching students to fight with a cool head, but maintaining an 'afraid-to-lose' mentality.",
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"text": "As in, never let the other guy score more points than you.",
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"text": "And reactive fighting.",
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"text": "Seeing an opening results in automatic launching of a kick to that area.",
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"text": "While tigers can be considered savage in some sense, as in \"uncivilized\" or \"fierce\", they certainly don't get angry.",
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"text": "When they are attacking, they have a goal in mind (\"kill this prey to satisfy my hunger\") and they use their instinct and physical might to reach that goal, there is no emotion.",
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"text": "When they are defending themselves, they again use their instinct and physical abilities to save their lives, whether it's fighting back or running away.",
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"text": "I think that is what your sensei may have meant.",
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"text": "Anger is definitely not a prerequisite for sparring, specially since angry people tend to neglect their technique, but I think that you might have misinterpreted what your sensei told you.",
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"text": "A tiger hunts with everything it has, full concentration, full physical force and deadly precision, since they hunt completely alone.",
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"text": "Keeping this in mind and the fact that you yourself said that you don't like being angry, he might have ment that you should try to be less timid in sparring and go for it with more \"power\".",
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"text": "It's about focus, not anger.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "No, anger is not a prerequisite for sparring.",
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"text": "There is more than one school of thought for what your mental state should be to spar/fight.",
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"text": "This list is not meant to be exhaustive: Fight without emotion.",
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"text": "Buddhist or Daoist training for a state where thought is stopped ( mushin ) also means that your emotions do not disturb your mental state and create thoughts.",
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"text": "You can act decisively and without hesitation if you are mentally unencumbered.",
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"text": "Harness emotion for strength.",
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"text": "This sounds like what your instructor is suggesting.",
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"text": "Many athletes use music to prime themselves before competition to improve performance.",
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"text": "A snarling animal can be intimidating and cause an opponent to think twice before engaging.",
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"text": "Crazy.",
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"text": "Examples are Viking berserkers or Moro rebels in the Philippines.",
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"text": "This mental state is for killing without worrying about getting killed.",
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"text": "The US Army switched to using higher caliber (larger) bullets with more \"stopping power\" to fight the Moro rebels because they would keep fighting even after being shot.",
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"text": "There is a range of possibilities.",
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"question": "My sensei says while sparring you should express your inner tiger. My understanding is that I should be savage and angry. But I don't like being angry! Is it possible to be good at sparring without anger impulses?",
"title": "Is being angry a prerequisite for sparring?",
"forum": "martialarts.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<tae-kwon-do><sparring><mentality>",
"link": "martialarts.stackexchange.com/questions/8801",
"author": "martialarts.stackexchange.com/users/9518/user3405291"
} | 72_31 | [
[
"\"Use your inner tiger\" is said to a student not because they want you to get angry, but that you are sparring as if you are afraid. If you are afraid of striking your opponent you become slow and hesitant. Remember that you should only ever spar willingly and also that your partner is in the same position. Hitting your partner is actually beneficial to them. If you don't hit them then they will have a false sense of security/confidence going into other bouts and get hit more. Being angry is usually an attempt by your opponent to intimidate you into losing confidence and not trying hard. Many people will try this tactic, learn to deal with it and keep your calm as they are using that instead of skill to try to win. Once you have dealt with people sparring this way a couple of times you will learn to cherish new opponents that try it as they are easy to pick apart and usually don't have any other tactic to fall back on. Anger is definitely not a prerequisite for sparring, specially since angry people tend to neglect their technique, but I think that you might have misinterpreted what your sensei told you. It's about focus, not anger.",
"Whilst some people use anger to dominate or intimidate the opponent, it is not a pre requisite for sparring and can be detrimental, neglecting your technique. "
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"Anger is not a pre requisite for sparring and can be detrimental, neglecting your technique. Some people use anger to dominate or intimidate the opponent. "
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"text": "Just to add to MattM's answer, here is how the Kodokan Throwing Techniques video illustrates the difference in the sweeps in the two throws: Yama-arashi same side eri grip off-balancing uke forwards standing directly in front of uke, sweeping upwards leg parallel to uke's legs almost fully in contact Harai-goshi standard collar grip / under-arm grip off-balancing uke sidewards standing across uke, sweeping across leg leg almost perpendicular to uke's legs in contact only at one point",
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"text": "Yama arashi examples from Kodokan Judo Throwing Techniques show sweep In Toshiro Daigo's book Kodokan Judo Throwing Techniques published by Kodansha International in 2005, which I consider the best canonical source for throw classification",
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"text": ", there are two examples of yama arashi and two examples of throws that are explicitly not yama arashi .",
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"text": "All of these have tori's right leg very close to or in contact with uke's right leg.",
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"text": "This is Daigo's description of what makes yama arashi distinct from page 77:",
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"text": "Tori places his right calf over uke's right shin and wraps the tip of his right foot around uke's right ankle.",
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"text": "In the unique feature of this technique, tori then sweeps up with his right leg placed tight against uke's right leg.",
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"text": "This sweeping technique is different from the method employed in harai-goshi.",
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"text": "Both examples of yama arashi involve a leg sweep.",
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"text": "The examples are distinguished by tori's right arm position when tori's left hand is on uke's right sleeve.",
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"text": "tori's right arm on uke's right chest area tori's right elbow inserted under uke's right armpit (as in a morote seoi nage )",
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"text": "The examples of throws that are not",
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"text": "yama arashi have the same hand positions as the yama arashi examples, but with no mention of a sweep: tai otoshi where tori's hands are on one side of uke, on the sleeve and the lapel seoi nage with the same hand position as the tai otoshi but with tori's elbow into uke's armpit as in a morote seoi nage",
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"text": "My interpretation is that yama arashi requires a sweep under current Kodokan classification.",
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"text": "If there is no sweep, it is not a yama arashi .",
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"text": "In the video referred to by Sjana , the throw shown by Mifune would not be considered a yama arashi but a tai otoshi under Daigo's description.",
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"text": "Based on Daigo's explicit counterexample, I suspect the throw in the video may have been considered a yama arashi by some practitioners before, but should not be now.",
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"text": "Kodokan judo throw classification is messy, changes with time, and is not always understandable.",
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"text": "Unless you are working for an official exam, it is frequently not worth expending the effort to understand the minutiae.",
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"text": "The name is different with the leg sweep.",
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"text": "Historically, yama arashi is catagorized as a \"hand throw\".",
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"text": "The fundamental impulse comes from the arms as you lift your uke over your hip.",
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"text": "You do unbalance them through the hip, but the primary force is through the arms.",
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"text": "Compare that to harai goshi , which is classified as a \"hip throw\" and the primary impulse is being delivered via the hip, while the arms are being used to unbalance.",
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"text": "In practice, of course, the throws are kind of on a continuum based on where you split the most effort, but the pure forms are \"hand\" and \"hip\" respectively.",
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"text": "You might further compare with osotogari , which is a similar technique, but is a \"foot throw\" with a clear sweep.",
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"text": "There is a very good video on youtube which explains the difference between Yama Arashi and Harai Goshi.",
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"text": "Harai Goshi doesn't require you to lift your opponent up.",
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"text": "Whereas the Yama Arashi uses an arm throw with your opponent in a lifted position.",
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"text": "From there your leg is only used to keep their foot from being planted forward.",
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"text": "Where the Harai Goshi uses the leg rotate your opponent, rather than using your arms.",
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"text": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fM2Kjq4Ec2c",
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"text": "Roughly, Yama-arashi could be classified as a variation of harai-goshi on the same basis that eri-seoi-nage is a variation of morote-seoi-nage.",
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"text": "Attention: according to IJF rules once you have both hands on the same side, you just have few seconds to throw with Yama-arashi, otherwise you will receive a shido.",
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"question": "I have seen the throw yama-arashi done in multiple ways: 10 dan Mifune performs it without sweeping uke's leg. In the Kodokan training video tori performs yama arashi with an obvious leg sweep (seemingly as a close variation of harai-goshi ). I was shown the the throw by a 6 dan in Judo with no leg sweep. What is the deal here? Why the differences in teaching a technique with the same name? Why is the name not different by adding the leg sweep?",
"title": "What is the difference between Yama-arashi and Harai-goshi?",
"forum": "martialarts.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<judo><technique><throwing>",
"link": "martialarts.stackexchange.com/questions/9469",
"author": "martialarts.stackexchange.com/users/8964/Logikal"
} | 72_32 | [
[
"If there is no sweep, it is not a yama arashi. Historically, yama arashi is catagorized as a \"hand throw\". Harai Goshi doesn't require you to lift your opponent up.",
"Hara Goshi does not require lifting the opponent and has no sweep, whilst Yamarashi is categorized as a hand throw."
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"Hara Goshi doesn’t require you to lift your opponent and has no sweep. Yamarashi is categorized as a hand throw."
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"text": "The chronological order is: Prelude to Foundation Forward",
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"text": "the Foundation Foundation Foundation and Empire Second Foundation Foundation's Edge Foundation and Earth The publication order is: Foundation (1951) Foundation and Empire (1952) Second Foundation (1953) Foundation's Edge (1982) Foundation and Earth (1986) Prelude to Foundation (1988)",
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"text": "I don't think there are spoilers if you read it in chronological order.",
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"text": "However, I would recommend reading the Robot Series of Asimov first.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "This is the chronological order of the main 7 books: Prelude to Foundation Forward",
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"text": "the Foundation Foundation Foundation and Empire Second Foundation Foundation's Edge Foundation and Earth",
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"text": "but do yourself a favor and read them in publication order Foundation Foundation and Empire Second Foundation Foundation's Edge Foundation and Earth Prelude to Foundation Forward",
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"text": "the Foundation Spoiler : now, the Foundation series is really the same as the Empire and Robot series including Caves of Steel and even some other books out there, like \"The End of Eternity\", but the continuity is not that big of a deal there.",
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"text": "I read the in the Foundation series in the chronological order and I would not recommend this order for 2 reason.",
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"text": "There is some small thing, I would not call all of them spoiler, I could call them big clues, but some of them are so big that the guess is almost oblivious.",
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"text": "I read them about 5 year ago, but still have a bad taste in the mouth of some punch that have been cut down by those clues.",
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"text": "The quality of the prequels (Prelude to Foundation and Forward the Foundation) is significantly lower the the main series.",
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"text": "It just a motivation thing, but I was wondering why this series was so praised before I reach the Foundation book (the 1951 one).",
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{
"text": "As it's said here",
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"text": "it's better to read the Robot Series of Asimov because there is genuine spoilers of them in the Foundation series.",
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"text": "This is the order they come in.",
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"text": "I, Robot",
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"text": "The 3 Elijah Bailey novels Robots and Empire",
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"text": "The 3 Empire novels",
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"text": "The 2 Hari Seldon prequels",
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"text": "The Original Trilogy",
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"text": "And the two postludes.",
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"text": "This is the order I read them",
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"text": "The Original Trilogy",
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"text": "And the two postludes.",
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"text": "The 2 Hari Seldon prequels",
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{
"text": "The 3 Elijah Bailey novels I, Robot",
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"text": "The 3 Empire novels Robots and Empire",
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"text": "The only thing I'd suggest is reading Caves of Steel earlier, it's important that you at least know who R. Daneel is.",
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"text": "But reading Robots and Empire last left an awesome impression on my mind",
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{
"text": ", I don't remember why, but it seemed like the most satisfying conclusion possible.",
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"text": "My own advice would be to read \" Foundation \", \" Foundation and Empire \" and \" Second Foundation \", in that order, and then stop.",
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"text": "The newer ones are nothing like as good.",
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"text": "If you still want more, then Donald Kingsbury's \" Psychohistorical Crisis \" is better than any of the \"official\" ones.",
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"text": "It's also worth noting that there was a trilogy of volumes written as authorized sequels to Foundation by Greg Bear, Gregory Benford and David Brin.",
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"text": "Benford's contribution, Foundation's Fear https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation%27s_Fear takes place prior to the Foundation Trilogy and is, to my taste, 'way too far out of the canon set by the Asimov stories to be taken seriously. (Because Benford is a fine writer, it's worth reading, but think of it as Foundation fan fiction, not canon.)",
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"text": "The second book, Foundation and Chaos https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_and_Chaos , is by Greg Bear and is a sequel to the Benford book, but feels to me to be a bit more in the Asimov spirit.",
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"text": "Again, Bear is a fine writer and worth reading.",
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"text": "The third volume, Foundation's Triumph https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation%27s_Triumph , by David Brin is IMO quite good and brings this trilogy almost back to canon.",
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"text": "It is set after Foundation and Earth and does a good job of resolving the three-way battle that had been shaping up between the Robots, the Foundation(s), and Gaia/Galaxia.",
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"text": "I'd also like to second the praise for Donald Kingsbury's Pyschohistorical Crisis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychohistorical_Crisis .",
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"text": "It is a brilliant homage to Foundation, as well as a critique of it, but was not authorized and is consequently set in a not-quite-the-same-universe.",
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"text": "It's best enjoyed after reading Asimov.",
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"text": "But of all the sequels, I'd recommend Orson Scott Card's story \"The Originist\" from Foundation's Friends which reads like pure Asimov in spirit, but better written than anything Ike ever did himself.",
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"text": "I recommend reading all of these after the Asimov-written books.",
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"text": "\"The Orginist\" fills in a beautiful bit of detail, but doesn't really play a role in the greater story, while the Benford/Bear/Brin trilogy is sufficiently skew to the original books that it would be just confusing to read them in their chronological position.",
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"text": "They should be read in order afterwards.",
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"text": "There is nothing to stop one from reading it in multiple sequences.",
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"text": "I myself read the original Foundation Trilogy first, then went on to the prequels and the Robot stories, in no particular order, interspersed with other Asimov stories.",
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"text": "I am now reading them again in the \"chronological order of future history\", after a span of several years (so I remember parts of the stories but not all).And although Nemesis is not considered part of the Foundation universe, I definitely see it being a pre-cursor to the prequels, in terms of general concepts (hyperspatial travel for example).",
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"question": "I've been meaning to read the Foundation series but haven't quite been able to figure out which book to read first. Does anyone know the correct chronological order of the books in the series? Are there any drawbacks to reading the Foundation series in the chronological order (possible Star Wars like spoilers)?",
"title": "What is the chronological order of the novels in Asimov's Foundation series?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<novel><isaac-asimov><foundation><chronological-order>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/25",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/32/Pulkit Sinha"
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"text": "It appears that there are no current plans to continue: On July 13, 2008, Straczynski revealed that he had no plans to continue The Lost Tales.",
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"text": "He said that although the studio was interested in another disc, they wanted to budget the next installment similarly to the first.",
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"text": "Citing his disappointment with the first release due to the low budget, Straczynski said he did not want to dilute Babylon 5's legacy with further sub-par stories.",
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"text": "He stated that he would only return to the Babylon 5 universe if Warner Bros. wanted to do a large-budgeted cinema release. -- Babylon 5:",
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"text": "The Lost Tales @ Wikipedia Like many other fans, I'd love to see more Babylon 5 tales - but, equally, I'd hate to see the canon troubled by low quality (low budget) additions.",
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"text": "JMS at San Diego Comic Con 2010 :",
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"text": "“I said to Warner Bros. a while back, 'When you’re ready to do something real with 'Babylon 5,' either a big-budget film or a TV show, if you want to do one of those two things, call me, otherwise don’t bother me.'",
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"text": "About a month ago the phone rang.",
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"text": "I don’t know where this is gonna go yet, but when they call you, there’s something going on.",
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"text": "and it may not go anywhere, but there is movement in the tall grass.",
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"text": "He has also hinted that more news will come in April 2011, but apparently we will have to wait a little longer :",
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"text": "It'll be at least another few weeks as the powers that be ensure that every i has been dotted and [every] t crossed.",
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"text": "There's always a chance things could go pear-shaped, as the Brits say, but things are looking promising for the moment.",
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"text": "As per JMS's talk at ComicCon 2011, Warner Brothers approached him about doing a new Babylon 5, and they made a deal - but then the distribution system Warner was planning for fell through",
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"text": "( IGN has a write-up ).",
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"text": "Apparently there are still some sort of talks going on, and JMS is hopeful that some sort of series may happen.",
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"text": "As long as the studios haven't forgotten about it (and are willing to give the support needed) I wouldn't be writing off the chances for a new show/movie.",
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"text": "A newer answer: Word is that JMS is working on a reboot of Babylon 5 , but in movie form.",
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"text": "Everything's still in rumor-mode as of end-of-2014, though.",
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"text": "As far as I know there aren't any plans.",
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"text": "All rumors I've heard have been unconfirmed.",
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"text": "J. Michael Straczynski some years ago got into the Hollywood A-list",
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"text": "so he got to produce Babylon 5:",
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"text": "The lost tales",
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"text": "but I think it was so unsuccessful there are no other plans for anything in the Babylon 5 universe.",
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"text": "Quite unfortunate.",
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"question": "I loved the series and all the movies, and I even watched ' Crusade ' which was awesome. But it's been a while since I've heard of any new Babylon 5 movies . On the other hand, the series creator Michael Straczynski may have some additional clout from receiving a BAFTA award nomination for the script of Changeling and after writing the script for the blockbuster Thor . Are there any plans for new Straczynski-driven Babylon 5 works?",
"title": "Are there any plans for a new Babylon 5 series or movies?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<babylon-5>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/48",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/35/Mark Rogers"
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"text": "He knew full-well that Vader was Anakin.",
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"text": "You can see this by their chat during their duel later in the movie.",
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"text": "(And Luke calls him out on it in the last movie.",
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"text": "He knew that Anakin was consumed by the Dark Side of the Force.",
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"text": "According to Wookieepedia , Obi-wan initially thought that Anakin/Vader had died, but had his doubts: During the first days of his exile, Kenobi visited the Lars Homestead every day, always trying to stay clear of Owen and Beru so that they would not see him and watching Luke from afar.",
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"text": "It was during these visits that he would contemplate on Skywalker's \"death\", though he still had an inkling that he was in fact alive as well as wondering why his former Master, Jinn, had not yet contacted him from beyond death.",
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"text": "These doubts were then later verified: For the first few months of his self-imposed exile Kenobi had no idea what had become of Vader after he had left him to his fate on Mustafar, but one day at a cantina Kenobi finally heard that he was alive when news reached him of Vader’s victory at the Battle of Kashyyyk .",
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"text": "So why did Obi-wan say that Anakin was killed by Vader?",
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"text": "Well, metaphorically Anakin died and was reborn as Vader, but I doubt Obi-wan was saying Vader killed him just to wax poetic.",
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"text": "Instead of telling Luke the exact truth, Obi-wan told him what he needed to hear to help guide Luke on the path to become a Jedi.",
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"text": "Telling Luke that his father was a great Jedi knight who died in battle fighting against the Empire was just the sort of thing that could help drive Luke to leave Tatooine and ultimately join the Resistance.",
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"text": "Imagine if he had told Luke exactly what happened... Hey, kid.",
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"text": "It wouldn't have been particularly motivating for a young and impressionable Luke to learn such a dark and hard-to-accept truth.",
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"text": "But I think the implication is there that Obi-wan, Yoda, Bail Organa, et.",
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"text": "In Star Wars: A New Hope , Obi-wan's lie about Anakin being \"killed\" by Vader certainly implies that he explicitly knows that Anakin became Darth Vader.",
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"text": "If, at that stage in his life, he'd believed that him leaving Anakin for dead had killed him, he'd have said that.",
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"text": "In other words, at some point between him leaving Anakin half dead and Luke finding him on Tattooine, he (and presumably Yoda and his other allies) discovered Anakin's fate.",
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"text": "Obi-Wan could had administered the coup d'grace, and probably kicked himself repeatedly over the years for not having the guts to do so.",
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"text": "Obi-Wan was both exhausted and heartsick over the slaughter of the Jedi order and younglings, and realizing that his own apprentice was responsible.",
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"text": "But even after seeing the Jedi Temple holos showing what Vader did, and seeing the same man nearly kill Padme (which not only for profound admiration and friendship, but also perhaps in his unrequited love for Siri Tachi and/or Duchess Satine, may have been carrying a torch for as well)",
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"text": ", Obi-Wan couldn't bring himself to dispatch the young man he'd considered as a brother.",
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"text": "Obi-Wan, in his shock and grief, left his apprentice to die of his wounds and burns, and he also needed to tend to the stricken Padme.",
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"text": "He didn't realize that Palpatine would come to Vader's rescue, and Vader's own superhuman endurance to not succumb to the injuries that would have finished off virtually anyone else.",
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"text": "Even a powerful Jedi like Obi-Wan is \"human\" and has faults.",
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"text": "If he employed sophistry, and tried to palm off his deception of Vader's status as father to Luke with that \"point of view\" crap, at least understand that his solitude on Tatootine, with nothing but that awful memory to deal with, probably drove Obi-Wan to the brink of insanity.",
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"text": "Little wonder that he knowingly went to his own demise on the Death Star willingly; it was relief from his pain.",
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] | {
"question": "Obi-Wan left Anakin for dead, and one movie later (in A New Hope ) he was saying Anakin had been killed by Darth Vader. What exactly did Obi-Wan know about Anakin and Darth Vader before A New Hope started?",
"title": "When did Obi-Wan Kenobi learn that Anakin was \"dead\"?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><darth-vader><obi-wan-kenobi>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/55",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/10/MatthewMartin"
} | 72_37 | [
[
"Early in his exile, Kenobi visited the Lars Homestead every day, always trying to stay clear of Owen and Beru so that they would not see him and kept an eye on Luke from afar. Obi-wan was lying to Luke about Anakin/Vader because he knew that Anakin had been consumed by the Dark Side of the Force. According to Wookieepedia, Obi-wan initially thought that Anakin/Vader had died, but had his doubts. He was both exhausted and heartsick over the slaughter of the Jedi order and younglings, and realized that his own apprentice was responsible. However, he could not kill the man that he considered as a brother.",
"Obi-Wan knew the following about Anakin and Darth Vader before A New Hope started - that Anakin was consumed by the Dark Side of the Force, that Anakin had died but had his doubts."
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"Obi-Wan knew the following about Anakin and Darth Vader before A New Hope started - that Anakin was consumed by the Dark Side of the Force, that Anakin had died but had his doubts."
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"text": "Five. Four that were directly built by Noonien Soong: Data Lore",
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"text": "B-4 Juliana Tainer 's copy.",
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"text": "There was also Lal , created as a partial clone of Data's own brain (his \"Daughter\").",
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"text": "It's quite amazing how many different numbers we have here, all attempting to address the same question.",
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"text": "Some are more or less correct, some not at all, and some are correct within the scope defined by the answer but not the question.",
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"text": "This confusion seems to stem from the fairly wide variety in the natures and origins of all the Soong-type androids .",
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"text": "All complete androids built by Soong, and seen in Star Trek canon - Four",
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"text": "This includes only the androids built by Soong himself, which became fully functional, and are actually seen in Star Trek movies and TV series.",
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"text": "This list includes the following: B-4 Lore Data Juliana Soong",
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"text": "All Data-like androids mentioned in Star Trek canon - Five Slightly narrower in some ways, yet broader than others, this category is meant to cover all androids which Star Trek viewers would easily recognize as being \"Data-like\".",
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"text": "These androids have a few specific features that make them unique from the others.",
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"text": "programmatically Data-like if: They have their own identity which is fully pre-programmed.",
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"text": "They are programmed to know that they are androids This excludes Juliana Soong, because she was not programmed to be aware of her true nature and her identity was not really her own.",
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"text": "Also, she looked nothing like Data.",
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"text": "This includes the prototypes prior to B4 because we can reasonably assume they were also physically modeled after Soong, and the fact that they were not fully functional excludes them from the other requirements.",
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"text": "This excludes Lal, because Data deliberately built her so that she could realize her identity, even including her species and gender appearance, on her own - it was not pre-programmed as with the others.",
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"text": "This list includes: Unnamed prototype #1 Unnamed prototype #2",
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"text": "B-4 Lore Data All Soong-type androids mentioned in Star Trek canon - Seven",
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"text": "It covers all Soong-type androids created by Soong himself, which would include Data and all of his predecessors as well as Juliana Soong.",
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"text": "This also includes Lal, who was later created by Data.",
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"text": "B-4 Lore Data Juliana Soong (AKA: Juliana Tainer)",
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"text": "All of the lists above are based on information taken from Memory Alpha .",
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"text": "Aside from those already linked, there is another article which is important - TNG Season 7, Episode 10: Inheritance .",
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"text": "(If you want to review the episode, the pertinent discussion takes place around 20 minutes in.)",
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"text": "These three are not explicitly named in any episode or movie, but they would presumably include B-4 .",
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"text": "Unfortunately, we never canonically find out much else about these prototypes other than that they existed.",
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"text": "Seven or Eight, depending on definition.",
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"text": "If you count the 4 prototypes before Lore and Data , and add the wife-bot.",
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"text": "(TNG: \"Inheritance\") From Memory-alpha on Juliana Trainer O'Donnell",
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"text": "assisted Soong in his work on artificial lifeforms, and helped create the android Data, as well as his five predecessors, including Lore and",
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"text": "B-4. From this we can deduce that there are 7 Soong-type androids created by Dr Soong (Data + 5 predecessors + Juliana's copy), with Lal another Soong-type created by Data making it 8 in total.",
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"text": "Four. From Wikipedia:",
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"text": "Noonian Soong: Human cyberneticist who created Data, played by Brent Spiner, who also plays the role of Data.",
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"text": "Soong has created four complete androids in the known Star Trek universe, Data, Lore, and B-4 (all three of the same design), and a replica of his dead wife Juliana, which is technically superior to his previous models.",
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"text": "Early in Dr. Soong's career he was widely hailed as Earth's foremost robotic scientist, but he became a recluse after apparently failing to create a positronic brain and was thought to have been killed with other colonists on Omicron Theta.",
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"text": "The scientist actually settled on Terlina III and summoned Data there to fit him with his final invention, an emotion chip.",
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"text": "He inadvertently also summoned Data's brother, Lore, who killed him after obtaining the chip.",
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"text": "Noonien Soong built a total of six androids.",
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"text": "2 Unnamed prototypes, B4, Lore, Data and then Julianna Soong (copy).",
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"text": "Eight, Three prototypes that died, Lore, Data, his wife Juliana and Data's daughter Lal, made by him.",
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"text": "This information is from the 1999 edition of the Star Trek encyclopedia.",
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"text": "B-4 is the eighth, an unknown fourth prototype made.",
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"text": "I believe that the first three prototypes are now with Starfleet robot research and the theft of one of these prototypes would be known by the Enterprise crew.",
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"question": "Star Trek TNG's Data was an andriod created by Noonien Soong , who was the Albert Einstein of robots. He was a busy guy and I think I can count about 4 total robots. Does anyone know all of the Data-style robots that were mentioned in the series?",
"title": "How many different Soong robots were there?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-trek><star-trek-data><robots><star-trek-tng>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/121",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/35/Mark Rogers"
} | 72_38 | [
[
"Seven or Eight, depending on definition. Seven if you count the 4 prototypes before Lore and Data, and add the wife-bot. The unnamed prototypes are B4, Lore, Data and then Julianna Soong. ",
"From Wickipedia, it seems there were four Soong Robots but depending on definition, ther were seven or eight. "
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"From Wickipedia, it seems there were four Soong Robots but depending on definition, ther were seven or eight. "
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"sents": [
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"text": "TL;DR:",
"label": [
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"text": "Book's official status within the Alliance (and therefore on his ident chip) was that of a retired Alliance commander.",
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"text": "This would result in VIP treatment at most Alliance facilities.",
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{
"text": "I'll outline his entire known history below.",
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{
"text": "Most of this is outlined in the comic \" The Shepherd's Tale \", which is essentially Book reflecting back on his life while dying at Haven.",
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"text": "Spoilers!",
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"text": "Early Life Originally named Henry Evans, the man we know",
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"text": "as Derrial Book was born on a border planet to an abusive father.",
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"text": "At the age of ten, he ran away from home and became adept at survival on the streets.",
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"text": "He eventually garnered some reputation as a thief & criminal, but ended up joining the growing Independence Movement.",
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"text": "Life as a Browncoat",
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"text": "In the four years before his Alliance assignment, Evans quickly became known for his vicious skills in combat - easily (and brutally) taking down entire squads of Alliance soldiers during missions.",
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"text": "When the Browncoats began looking for a long-term operative who could infiltrate the Alliance military as a double agent, Evans volunteered.",
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"text": "He needed a new identity, so he murdered a random citizen named Derrial Book and took that name as his own.",
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"text": "Life in the Alliance",
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"text": "Once in the Alliance, Book began a \"meteoric\" rise through the ranks.",
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"text": "He was seen as totally committed to the cause and earned a reputation for using savage tactics against the Browncoats, quickly becoming known as a master interrogator.",
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"text": "Because of his rising rank & influence, Book found himself increasingly able to both damage the Alliance plans as well as cover up losses or information leaks.",
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"text": "He quickly became a vital asset for the Browncoats, but also one of their most guarded secrets.",
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"text": "Retirement Book eventually found himself in command (or perhaps XO) of the IAV Cortez , an Alliance cruiser which oversaw an operation intended to end the Unification War in a single stroke.",
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"text": "Book himself was in charge of the operation, which involved committing massive resources into striking multiple targets at once.",
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"text": "Due to Book's involvement, however, the operation was actually a huge ambush.",
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"text": "Numerous forces were lost, including the total destruction of the IAV Alexander and all 4000 crew.",
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"text": "Considered one of the largest defeats in Alliance history, the entire operation was swept under the rug and Derrial Book was quietly discharged from Alliance service.",
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"text": "Life at the Abbey With the Independent Movement crushed soon after, Book wasn't sure what to do with himself.",
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"text": "He wandered the outer territories, weary of his life and drowning his sorrows in alcohol.",
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"text": "At one point, he finds himself at a church and comes to see religion as a way to atone for the many people he had killed throughout his life.",
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"text": "It apparently worked, as he eventually ended up at the Southdown Abbey on Persephone.",
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"text": "Book finally found peace tending the Abbey's garden, but knew he couldn't stay there indefinitely.",
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"text": "Life on Serenity",
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"text": "After an unknown amount of time at the Abbey (but presumably several years), Book decided to leave and get back out into the galaxy.",
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"text": "The Abbey had access to the Cortex, and Book had tired of watching others suffer along the rim.",
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"text": "He announced his intention to carry the Lord's message out to others, and this leads us directly to his introduction in S01E01 \"Serenity\".",
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"text": "As for your specific question, his ident chip reflected his official status with the Alliance - a retired Captain or Commander.",
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"text": "Especially in a medical situation like that, a status like that would require any Alliance officer to render immediate assistance.",
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"text": "Well, I did decide to get the book, and so here's the answer.",
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"text": "Spoilers!",
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"text": "Shepherd Book was abused as a boy, and lived on the street for a while.",
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"text": "He wasn't born under the name Shepherd Book, BTW.",
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"text": "He joined up with the independence movement, and volunteered to be a spy on the Alliance.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "He was an officer until he led a brilliant defeat, after which he was discharged.",
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"text": "He later lived in a monastery for a time, and became the preacher we all know:-)",
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"text": "I'm not quite sure what I think of it, but there it is, so...",
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"text": "The lead villain in Serenity commanded the respect from the alliance forces that Shepard Book did once they saw his ID.",
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"text": "I wonder if there is still something we don't know about him, perhaps he too was one of the fixers.",
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"text": "Henry Evans had a troubled childhood and was a criminal for a time before enlisting with the independence movement.",
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"text": "As a member of The Independence he volunteered to spy on The Alliance.",
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"text": "He killed a man named Derrial Book assumed his identity to enlisted in the Alliance Military.",
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"text": "While still working as a spy for The Independence he quickly worked up the Alliance ranks to become a prominent officer.",
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"text": "At a key point during the war he intentionally lost a major battle dealing a crushing blow to the alliance and leading to him being discharged.",
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"text": "This loss was so crushing that the alliance made a point to wipe all record of it out.",
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"text": "Meaning on paper shepherd Book is nothing but a retired prominent Alliance officer.",
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"text": "After being discharged he \"found god in a bowl of soup\" while at a soup kitchen and decided to join an Abby.",
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"text": "From the episode with the bounty hunter it does make it seem like he was once him self a bounty hunter and then became a preacher.",
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"text": "He may have done some bounty work for the alliance, as you all know the bounty hunter does say \" that man is not a preacher\".",
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"text": "I think it's more plausible that he might be former Allience 'non-existing' agent, just like one that was chasing Firefly crew in 'Serenity' movie.. it would fit to how he was treated by cruiser crew and his skills in ( presumably) combat and firearms",
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"question": "The one big question I've always had remaining about the Firefly series was, what was Shepherd Book's past? It's obvious he wasn't always a preacher, but what was he?",
"title": "What was Shepherd Book's past in Firefly?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<firefly><character-development>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/166",
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"Shepherd Book wasn't born with the name Shepherd Book. He was abused as a boy, and lived on the street for a while before joining up with the independence movement, and volunteering to be a spy on the Alliance.",
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"text": "The existence of this tech is almost always a way to explain away the problem of inter-species communication.",
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"text": "TNG episode, Darmok goes deeper.",
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"text": "And I would watch that one if you are interested in a deeper understanding on inter-species communication.",
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"text": "And it is the one episode that explains, in detail, what the universal translator really does.",
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"text": "Like Mike Scott says, the alternative is every episode being about learning a new language.",
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"text": "The show would have been about language, not what the show is about now.",
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"text": "In Star Trek: Enterprise you view various clues to how the translator is built.",
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"text": "Hoshi Sato, supposed linguistic genuis, meets various alien races, and builds up the translator by adding in alien grammers combined with a speech processor and voice samples of the aliens language.",
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"text": "The translator would use AI, probably artifical, and similar to what is available in Google translate, (but much better, as it's set in fictional universe, but close it will be in this time frame) from a starting point, take a speech sample from the new alien, and use different search algorithms to match, on different alien database to find a similar or close matching grammer.",
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"text": "From the grammer, the speech processor can take the grammer and enunciate possible speech patterns that the new aliens may understood, and by iterating down the search tree, zero in on a closer, possible better match, as they get more speech back from the alien.",
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"text": "But it would break, if non of the grammer was even a close match.",
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"text": "Imagine two alien species seperated by say, 2000 light years.",
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"text": "Their speech would be a different as basque, say one of those languages on earth, where you click the tongue, like tagalog.",
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"text": "Very similar to the way IBM recent computer match against the Jeopardy winners would works.",
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"text": "In the Darmok episode of TNG, we get an insight into how it works.",
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"text": "Essentially, when encountering a new language, the universal translator takes samples of the new language and compares to known languages, and slowly builds up a database of words and phrases.",
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"text": "In the episode linked, the UT has trouble understanding the alien language because they speak mostly in metaphors.",
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"text": "See also Universal translator for a more in-depth explanation, and more examples of episodes which feature the UT.",
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"text": "Copied from my answer in If there are universal translators, why are some words/phrases not translated?",
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"text": "From http://en.memory-alpha.org/wiki/Universal_translator (Which got it from TOS 2x02: Metamorphosis) Responding to Zefram Cochrane's question about the theory of operation, Kirk explained that there are certain universal ideas and concepts common to all intelligent life, and that the translator compared the frequencies of brainwave patterns, selected those ideas it recognized, and provided the necessary grammar.",
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"text": "Kirk further explained that the device spoke with a voice, or the approximation of one, that corresponded to the identity concepts it recognized.",
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"text": "Since it's already scanning brainwaves, presumably it can also detect intent (whether you want to be understood or not), and decide whether or not to translate as appropriate.",
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"text": "Plus my comment on that answer, addressing Darmok and similar languages",
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"text": "You're assuming their brainwave patterns were similar to general humanoids",
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"text": "....",
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"text": "Like how Betazoid's can't read Ferengi because of their brain structure, there's a good chance the UT couldn't correctly interpret the Darmok aliens' thoughts because it had nothing like that to compare to.",
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"text": "You might as well just think of it as magic.",
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"text": "Like many other devices in Star Trek (e.g. the transporter), it's there for plot reasons rather than being based on any kind of scientific or technological extrapolation.",
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"text": "In the case of the universal translator, it's so that they don't have to spend the first half of every episode with aliens on basic language lessons.",
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"text": "The same way that most codes are broken in real life.",
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"text": "It would search for frequently repeated words and sounds, and figure out what words would be used with the same frequency in the host language.",
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"text": "Star Trek Corps of Engineers explained it a little more than in the series.",
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"text": "I always felt that the Star Trek Universal Translator worked directly with the brainwaves.",
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"text": "It was similar to Farscape’s translator microbes, it makes you feel as if the other person was speaking in your language.",
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"text": "This is actually shown in an episode of Discovery , we hear the Klingon speaking in Klingon with subtitles and once the UT is activated we hear them in English (or whatever human language the dub is in), the Klingon even says “I did not expect you to speak Klingon” and Michael says it is the translator.",
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"text": "This would also explain why the Japanese heard people speaking in Japanese in “The 37” and how Picard and Data are capable of going undercover as Romulans into Romulus itself.",
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"text": "You don’t really hear anything over the other person’s voice, you hear the person’s voice in your language because the trick is that your brain itself changes the meaning inside your head.",
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"text": "Of course, this doesn’t explains the lip-sync, technically that should still be an issue.",
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"text": "But everyone who has seen a dubbed movie (and I don’t mean the terrible bad old times dub of Asian martial art films, but the careful quality dubbing you can see in Western media like between Spanish, English and French) your mind ignores the lack of sync.",
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"text": "I guess it could be hand-waved away that unless the language is too different and it takes you a lot of time to say one word your mind just overlooks the lack of sync like watching a dubbed film.",
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"question": "It is stated that Star Trek characters can talk freely with aliens using the universal translators, later built-in their com badges; but is it also mentioned somewhere how this device is supposed to work?",
"title": "How is the universal translator device in Star Trek supposed to work?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-trek><movie><languages>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/301",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 72_41 | [
[
"Hoshi Sato, supposed linguistic genius, meets various alien races, and builds up the translator by adding in alien grammars combined with a speech processor and voice samples of the aliens language. Essentially, when encountering a new language, the universal translator takes samples of the new language and compares to known languages, and slowly builds up a database of words and phrases. The same way that most codes are broken in real life, it would search for frequently repeated words and sounds, and figure out what words would be used with the same frequency in the host language.",
"Alien grammars are built in to the universal translators. Moreover, the translators work directly with the brainwaves. It is also possible the translator is there for solely plot reasons. Most importantly, the translator takes samples of new language and compares to known languages to build up a database."
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"Alien grammars are built in to the universal translators. The translators work directly with the brainwaves. The translator is there for plot reasons. The translator takes samples of new language and compares to known languages to build up a database."
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"text": "Methusaleh's Children featured an experimental FTL drive by one of the characters that was essential to the plot; in Time Enough for Love , its sequel the same FTL drive is discovered to also work as a time-travel drive.",
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"text": "The Number of the Beast , The Cat Who Walks Through Walls , and",
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"text": "To Sail Beyond the Sunset all have a universe-hopping device that serves as an FTL stand-in Starship Troopers",
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"text": "involves FTL, as Michael indicated, the book doesn't really get into details.",
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"text": "and, I think, Have Spacesuit - Will Travel and Starman Jones all involve FTL or similar systems, at least peripherally.",
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"text": "From the Faster Than Light and Normal Space Starship and Spaceship Drive List ... Number of the Beast .",
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"text": "Based in a 6-dimensional space, you can instantaneously travel to where you want to go provided you know the proper vectors.",
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"text": "The starship in question accelerated to the speed of light where itjumped elsewhere.",
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"text": "The Cat Who Walks Through Walls ,",
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"text": "To Sail Beyond The Sunset .",
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"text": "Drive is size of a sewing machine case and can instantaneously place the vessel anywhere, anywhen, in any universe with a velocity up to the speed of light.",
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"text": "Computer controlled and uses virtually no power.",
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"text": "Future History .",
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"text": "In one of the Lazarus Long stories an inertialess drive is used to go FTL.",
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"text": "Possibly Starship Troopers and Citizen of the Galaxy ...",
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"text": "but I don't remember the references.",
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"text": "In addition to those already mentioned: Friday Citizen of the Galaxy",
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"text": "The Star Beast",
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"text": "I believe Starship Troopers had FTL, but I am unclear as to how it works.",
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"text": "The book dealt more with planetary assaults than with space travel.",
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"text": "They were definately on other planets, though.",
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"text": "Another book of his had \"gates\" to other planets, through which colonization expeditions proceeded.",
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"text": "I do not recall the title - please edit or leave a comment if you know it.",
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"text": "It was Tunnel in the sky .",
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"text": "I think Time for the Stars is the only one no-one else has mentioned.",
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"text": "After they've spent most of the book travelling relativistically, an FTL drive is introduced at the end of the book.",
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"question": "I'm a new Heinlein fan and also an FTL (faster-than-light) fan. Did he write any books where FTL was possible? All the ones I've read so far have been intra-system (Sol) only.",
"title": "Heinlein book(s) with FTL travel?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<robert-a-heinlein><ftl-drive>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/537",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/147/Stewbob"
} | 72_43 | [
[
"Methusaleh's Children featured an experimental FTL drive by one of the characters that was essential to the plot. In Time Enough for Love, the same FTL drive is discovered to also work as a time-travel drive. Number of the Beast, Starman Jones, To Sail Beyond The Sunset and Future History, as well as possibly Starship Troopers and Citizen of Galaxy all featured FTL.",
"Methusaleh’s Children, Number of the Beast, Starman Jones, To Sail Beyond the Sunset, Future History, Starship Troopers, Citizen of the Galaxy and Time for the Stars."
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"text": "With the recently concluded (November 2012) acquisition of Lucasfilm by the Walt Disney Co., Disney is planning to release Episode VII of the Star Wars saga in 2015.",
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"text": "\"Our long-term plan is to release a new 'Star Wars' feature film every two to three years,\" said Disney's Robert Iger.",
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"text": "\"It's now time for me to pass 'Star Wars' on to a new generation of filmmakers,\" he said.",
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"text": "EDIT: Plans for the new film have firmed up, with J. J. Abrams signed on as director and Abrams and Lawrence Kasdan to do the screenwriting.",
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"text": "Shooting is expected to begin in the spring of 2014 and the film is scheduled to hit theaters 18 December 2015.",
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"text": "Source starwars.com .",
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"text": "When this question was originally asked, it looked like George Lucas didn't have any plans to make any more Star Wars films.",
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"text": "That hasn't changed, but we all now know that the franchise was sold to Disney , Episode VII has been released, and more Star Wars films and series are on the way.",
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"text": "Original answer:",
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"text": "Unfortunately it doesn't seem likely.",
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"text": "Here's a quote from an interview he gave in 2008.",
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"text": "(The article is Will Lucas Extend His 'Star Wars' Story Beyond 'Return of the Jedi'? )",
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"text": "\"There really isn't any story to tell there.",
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"text": "It's been covered in the books and video games and comic books, which are things I think are incredibly creative but that I don't really have anything to do with other than being the person who built the sandbox they're playing in.\"",
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"text": "He continues, \"I get asked all the time, 'What happens after \"Return of the Jedi\"?,' and there really is no answer for that.",
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"text": "The movies were the story of Anakin Skywalker and Luke Skywalker, and when Luke saves the galaxy and redeems his father, that's where that story ends.\"",
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"text": "Ther's is still rumor that there will be a sequel trilogy.",
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"text": "Here the last one I'm aware of : [...] fans can expect the new trilogy after the entire saga is released in 3D which is expected to be complete around 2015 or 2016.",
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"text": "Technically, George Lucas doesn't plan on making any more films, as he sold the rights.",
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"text": "The first, Star Wars:",
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"text": "Episode VII:",
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"text": "Many years ago, I got a chance to talk to Anthony Daniels at a Gen Con .",
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"question": "Does George Lucas have any plans for more Star Wars sequels or prequels? Proper movie sequels, not any supplementary animated shows or stories.",
"title": "Plans for more sequels to Star Wars?",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/568",
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"text": "Well for starters, he coined the term 'robotics'.",
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"text": "EDIT:",
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"text": "I would also add that the Three Laws have certainly sparked endless amounts of discussion in the field of robotics as relates to ethics.",
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"text": "I would say that Asimov is the first to document the challenges and pitfalls of debugging a system (especially with regards to black-box testing), and the illusion of malicious compliance that programs (robotic or computing) seem to take pleasure in.",
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"text": "I often think of SPD (Speedy) when trying to fathom a particularly bizarre pattern of behaviour.",
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"text": "Robots in SF that predated Asimov were mostly characterized in a Frankenstein or Golem fashion; destroying the robot would save the day and conclude the story.",
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"text": "He thus pioneered tolerance for non-human and non-organic intelligence.",
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"text": "By presenting intelligent, human-like robots, he advanced the field of thought as to what a robot is, how it relates to humans and its own human nature, and what role AI has to play in humanity.",
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"text": "I believe his contribution is very much similar to that of Roddenberry or any other successful sci-fi creator:",
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"text": "He inspired people to become scientists, to help build the future that only previously existed in fiction.",
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"text": "Big dog, DARPA cars, partial humaniform bots from the east, endless forms of miniaturization — they all have traces of Asimov.",
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"text": "But the kind Asimov had in mind?",
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"text": "I don't think this question can be answered fully at present.",
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"text": "For instance we have not even arrived at the point where any of the three laws of robotics are even relevant.",
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"text": "As mentioned above, he did coin the term \"robotics.\"",
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"text": "Asimov coined the term \"robotics\" in his 1941 story \"Liar!\", though he later remarked that he believed then that he was merely using an existing word, as he stated in Gold (\"The Robot Chronicles\") ( Wikipedia )",
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"text": "However, that appears to be about it.",
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"text": "In that same essay in Gold , Asimov writes (page 167-168 in my (first, 1995) edition of Gold)",
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"text": "I myself have never actually worked with robots, never even as much as seen one, but I have never stopped thinking about them.",
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"text": "But, he contributed to the field of robotics in other ways:",
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"text": "Joseph F. Engelberger, studying at Columbia University in the 1950s, came across I, Robot and was sufficiently attracted by what he read to determine that he was going to devote his life to robots.",
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"text": "[...] I have met other roboticists such as Marvin Minsky and Shimon Y. Nof, who also admitted, cheerfully, the value of their early reading of my robot stories.",
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"text": "( same essay, page 167 )",
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"text": "The essay (according to the book) was copyrighted in 1990, two years before his death in 1992 , so it's doubtful that he started studying with robots at that late point.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Try running a search on Google Scholar for \" three laws of robotics \" and see what comes up.",
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"text": "While none of the actual tech (or, to be precise, techno-babble) that Asimov used is actually in evidence today (\"Positronic brain\" was coined as a play on \"electronic\", as positron <-> electron), the basic concepts are still brought up whenever people discuss autonomous systems and their responsibility towards their operators and bystanders.",
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"question": "Isaac Asimov is one of the (if not the most) important figures of robotics in science fiction. Has he had an influence on the development of real-world robotics (in science or industry)?",
"title": "What was Asimov's contribution to real-world robotics?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<technology><isaac-asimov><robots>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/587",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/52/Goran Jovic"
} | 72_45 | [
[
"Asimov coined the term 'robotics'. He may have been the first to document the challenges and pitfalls of debugging a system (especially with regards to black-box testing), and the illusion of malicious compliance that programs (robotic or computing) seem to take pleasure in. By presenting intelligent, human-like robots, he advanced the field of thought as to what a robot is, how it relates to humans and its own human nature, and what role AI has to play in humanity.",
"Asimov coined the term \"robotics\" and he was the first to record the ups and downs of debugging a system and the role of AI in humanity. "
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"Asimov coined the term \"robotics\". Asimov was the first to record the ups and downs of debugging a system and the role of AI in humanity. "
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"text": "\" Universe \" by Robert A Heinlein is a story along these lines.",
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"text": "Like most of RAF's work it is well worth reading.",
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"text": "\" Orphans of The Sky \" by Robert A Heinlein.",
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"text": "It is very different from most of his other books and does not seem to connect into his \"universe\".",
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"text": "\" Non-Stop \" by Brian Aldiss takes place aboard a generation ship.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/240/Dan Geiser",
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"text": "And in the \" Helliconia \" trilogy by Aldiss there is a spaceship, where the inhabitants lose contact with earth.",
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"text": "\" Mayflies \" by Kevin O'Donnell tells the story of a generation ship, built as an escape from a dying Earth. Without going into too many spoilers, the central computer fails and shuts off the main drive, making the journey take much longer than expected.",
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"text": "Hull Zero",
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"text": "Many people have remarked on the similarities, which has cause some bad reviews.",
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"text": "On the other hand, plenty of good reviews on Amazon too, so it's still on my list.",
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"text": "Product Description HULL ZERO",
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"text": "THREE is an edge of your seatthrill-ride through the darkest reaches of space, from one of thegenre's biggest names.",
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"text": "Perfect for fans of Arthur C. Clarke's RAMA orthe film EVENT HORIZON.",
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"text": "Its purpose?",
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"text": "A mystery.",
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"text": "Now, one man wakes up.",
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"text": "Ripped from a dream of a new home, a newplanet and the woman he was meant to love in his arms, he findshimself wet, naked, and freezing to death.",
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"text": "The dark halls are full ofmonsters but trusting other survivors he meets might be the greaterdanger.",
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"text": "What happened to Hull 03?",
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"text": "All will be answered, if he cansurvive.",
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"text": "Uncover the mystery.",
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"text": "Fix the ship.",
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"text": "I'd add The Book of the Long Sun tetralogy by Gene Wolf.",
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"question": "Is there a novelization of Pandorum? If not, did anyone else write about the inhabitants of a generation ship going feral?",
"title": "Is there a novelization of Pandorum?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<generation-ship><pandorum>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/598",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/10/MatthewMartin"
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[
"Suggestions include\"Universe\" and\"Orphans of The Sky\" by Robert A Heinlein; and \"Non-Stop\" by Brian Aldiss, which takes place aboard a generation ship. \"Hull Zero, Three\" by Greg Bear is quite similar to Pandorum. Some may add \"The Book of the Long Sun\" tetralogy by Gene Wolf.",
"“Universe\" by Heineken, \"Orphans of the Sky\" by Heineken, \"Non-Stop\" by Aldiss and \"The Book of the Long Sun\" by Wolf are all novelisations. Moreover, \"Hull Zero\" and \"Three\" by Bear are also novelisations of Pandorum. "
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"“Universe\" by Heinelen, \"Orphans of the Sky\" by Heinelen, \"Non-Stop\" by Aldiss and \"The Book of the Long Sun\" by Wolf are all novelisations. \"Hull Zero\" and \"Three\" by Bear are also novelisations of Pandorum. "
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"text": "It would appear the author ignored lightspeed restrictions entirely.",
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"text": "The choice of wording is a clue of a lack of regard for basic physics -- the speed of light being a fixed speed in your medium of choice, rather than acceleration which is the rate at which your speed changes.",
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"text": "In the first book they are held to normal human accelerations with the engine pushing the ship, but in Skylark Three they find a way to accelerate everything at the same rate with no side effects.",
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"text": "Early inertial compensation, I guess.",
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"text": "IIRC I think the first book said that the drive acted on every particle of the ship, though I'm not sure exactly what that drive did physics-wise but initially, they were going five times light speed.",
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"text": "Later on in the Lensman books Doc Smith came up with first,the partial neutralization of inertia, and then the complete cancellation of inertia.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I interpret the accelerations as being per second.",
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"text": "Thus, an acceleration of five times light speed would be 5 * 186,000 miles /second",
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{
"text": "/ second.",
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"text": "This was the acceleration of the Fenachrone ships.",
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"text": "Warning: spoilers below!",
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"text": "The Skylark Three had a Fenachrone style drive, which accelerated every particle in the ship and its contents equally, so no sense of acceleration was felt; the first two Skylarks did not, so their acceleration was limited by what the inhabitants could stand.",
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"text": "But Skylark Three actually had a higher acceleration than the Fenachrone ships -- 3.9186 times as high, according to the novel -- or it could never have gotten close enough to Ravindau's ship to fight it.",
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"text": "As for Einstein, relativity was ignored as being \"just a theory\".",
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"text": "Basically, special relativity says that an object's mass increases as the object moves at faster and faster speeds, so it would take an infinite amount of energy to accelerate an object up to the speed of light.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "And do remember that Einstein doesn't postulate the speed of light as a speed that cannot be exceeded.",
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"text": "All the theory of relativity does is indicate that it's a speed that cannot be attained, it says nothing about what would happen if you found a way to reach a speed faster than light without first reaching the speed of light itself (thus some sort of discontinuity drive that would make you jump from say 0.8c to 1.2c without passing through c itself while accellerating).I've had in the past some interesting discussions with my university physics teacher about this subject, including what it would mean for accelleration and braking in an FTL environment.",
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] | {
"question": "In Skylark Three by E.E. \"Doc\" Smith, the Skylark has an acceleration of five times the speed of light, and in The Skylark of Valeron , it has nearly unlimited acceleration. Is there any indication of how the light speed limit was overcome? It seems to have been ignored entirely.",
"title": "How did the Skylark deal with the Einstein light-speed limit?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<ftl-drive><e-e-doc-smith><skylark-series>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/648",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/152/Michael"
} | 72_47 | [
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"It would appear the author ignored lightspeed restrictions entirely.",
"Lightspeed restrictions were ignored by the author."
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[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "They are magic.",
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"text": "It is all just magic.",
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{
"text": "Star Wars is fantasy.",
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},
{
"text": "I'm not sure what you are looking for?",
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"text": "A fantasy explanation?",
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{
"text": "Midichlorians are the explanation for the force.",
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"text": "It doesn't really do deeper than that.",
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"text": "I'm sorry.",
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"text": "If you really want to travel down this dead-end of illogical paradoxes, I will refer you to the wookieepedia",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/51/DampeS8N",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Let's think about this for a second.",
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"text": "Let's say we have a microorganism that happens to have a natural electromagnetic property that allows them to be influenced in a very very tiny way by electromagnetic fields.",
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"text": "Now let's say that a person becomes infested with a lot of these microorganisms but they just happen to be non-harmful to us...",
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "Now every time there is a electromagnetic field (the earth, a magnet, a piece of machinery, a ball of plasma)...",
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"text": "the microorganism moves in response thereby moving our body or even causing some kind of reaction.",
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"text": "This is not unreasonable, and certain on the road to describing realistically a kind of force sensitivity.",
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"text": "So really, as much as I prefer a Zen like explanation to the force and Jedi... this could be plausible in a theoretical sense.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/541/Adam",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Midichlorians are the bacteria or organisms in the body that provide the connect to the \"force\".",
"label": [
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"text": "These bacteria often would tell how much control over the surrounding world one has.",
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{
"text": "Take for example this: Anakin Skywalker had no father.",
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"text": "Darth Plagueis created him using Midichlorians.",
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"text": "This is why he was so prone to falling to both the light and dark side.",
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"text": "The Midichlorians tipped him off balance.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/264/Joshua Burton",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Midichlorians are a type of organism that have a closer link to the most fundamental elements in the universe.",
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"text": "All living creatures have a certain amount of these organisms in them.",
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"text": "A being that has a larger amount of midichlorians has a closer link to the universe and so is better equipped to manipulate the universe.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "The ability to defy gravity and to see a certain distance into the future are typical.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I wish I could find the reference, so feel free to edit this answer and clean it up, but midichlorians were supposed to be micro-organisms which are attracted to people who are strong in the force.",
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"text": "They don't generate the force, they simply identify where it is strong.",
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"text": "And as it's possible to detect the midichlorians, it's possible to use them to identify strong force potentials.",
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"text": "Why Qui-gon couldn't simply use his force powers to detect that the force was strong with Anakin the same way Yoda and Obi Wan did with Luke is never explained though.",
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] | {
"question": "Taking aside whether connecting a mystical energy to a biological basis is a good idea or not, how is it supposed to work? I know that generally the more midichlorians, the more Force potential. Is it explained in one of the expanded universe books?",
"title": "In the Star Wars universe, how are midichlorians supposed to work?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><midichlorians>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/882",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/223/John"
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"It is all just magic.",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "In Star Trek: Strange New Worlds IV , there is a TOS short story Tears for Eternity , that is set in the 523rd Century (about a new generation of Horta , sequel to The Devil in the Dark ).",
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"text": "However, (a) this perhaps isn't canon, and (b)",
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"text": "I don't believe there's any reference to the Federation at that point.",
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"text": "In Star Trek: Strange New Worlds II , there is a TNG short story I Am Become Death , that is set in the 44th Century (about a future with many Datas, prequel to Brothers ).",
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"text": "However, (a) this probably isn't canon either, and (b)",
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"text": "I haven't read this personally, so I don't know if the Data future has the federation, either.",
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"text": "In Living Witness (Voyager S4), an alternative Doctor is activated and heads off to the Alpha Quadrant in the 31st Century .",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "I don't recall (but it's been a long time since I saw it)",
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"text": "any mention of whether the Doctor knows that the Federation is/is not around at that time.",
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"text": "The ship from Future",
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{
"text": "Tense (Enterprise S2) is from the 31st Century , and had human/Vulcan crew.",
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"text": "I don't recall (also a long time since I've seen this)",
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"text": "any mention of whether it is a Federation ship (probably not, since Enterprise don't know about the Federation at this stage).",
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"text": "In Future's End (Voyager S3)",
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"text": "we see the U.S.S. Aeon from the 29th Century .",
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"text": "This presumably is the Federation, and is canon - but the timeline is wiped by the events of that episode.",
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"text": "In Relativity (Voyager S5), a semi-sequel to Future's End , we see the inside of the Federation timeship Relativity, in the 29th century .",
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"text": "This timeline was not erased by the episode's events.",
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"text": "In A Matter of Time (TNG S5)",
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"text": "we see a time pod from the 26th Century (via the 20th).",
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"text": "There's no indication of what the 26th Century is like, however.",
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"text": "In Crossroad (TOS novel) there's discussion of the Federation in the 26th Century : Starfleet and the Federation are corrupt and controlled by a private company.",
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"text": "A traveller from the future is trying to get rid of the Federation in Kirk's time to prevent this.",
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"text": "I'm not sure if this is canon or not, but it's probably the closest to addressing the future of the Federation itself, rather than just the future in general.",
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"text": "(As an aside: the novel is by Barbara Hambly , who has written many excellent non-Trek novels).",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/108/Tony Meyer",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In terms of time travel, several storylines contain characters who travelled from ~500 years in the future back to the 'present' of the show, but most of the time travel episodes in which the cast travel through time send them to the past, not the future.",
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"text": "There are also a number of alternate timelines in which we see further into the future, but they don't really count, since they're alternate timelines.",
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"text": "The 2009 Star Trek film contains the furthest forward part of the actual storyline, when Romulus is destroyed in 2387, creating the alternate timeline that the film is set in.",
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"text": "The events of Nemesis take place in 2379, and the events of DS9 and Voyager take place in the 2370s",
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"text": "(Voyager between 2371 and 2378, and DS9 between 2369 and 2375).",
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"text": "See this Memory Alpha article for more details about specific parts of the timeline.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "A brief scene in an episode of Enterprise took place in the distant future, aboard the Enterprise J.",
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"text": "I believe that's the further forward seen on the TV show/movies, as the Enterprise J wouldn't have been built until after the Enterprise E, F, G, H, and I had been destroyed.",
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"text": "Nemesis pretty well trashed the Enterprise E, but I don't think they moved on to 'F' yet.",
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"text": "I think the ships have an average lifespan of ~30 years (just a WAG).",
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"text": "Memory Alpha says the ship exists in the 26th century, when humanity is 'beyond transwarp' and 'exploring other galaxies, beyond the milky way'.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Seems to be Nemesis, according to the Star Trek timeline .",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/125/Elzo Valugi",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The Star Trek MMO (Massively Multiplayer Online) is supposed to take place in the original Star Trek universe after Romalus was destroyed, but I don't think it is offical consider canon.",
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"text": "It is the 31st century, 3040 to be exact: Ship from Enterprise episode",
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"text": "Timeline of Star Trek (Wikipedia).",
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"text": "The furthest point in the future which has been depicted in any canonical Star Trek work so far has been in the two-part Enterprise episode, Shockwave .",
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"text": "However, the view here is only of one possible future and the timeline has probably been significantly changed since.",
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"question": "Star Trek: Enterprise turned out to be a cool series, with some convoluted time-travel story arcs. In one, you see the Federation far in the future fighting a battle against the sphere builders . I haven't read any of the Star Trek novels and I was wondering if any of them go any further into the future of the federation. Are there any published Star Trek works that address the far future of the Federation ?",
"title": "What Star Trek work takes place the furthest into the future of the Federation?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-trek><time-travel><star-trek-enterprise><federation><star-trek-eu>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/947",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/35/Mark Rogers"
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"The events of Nemesis take place in 2379, and the events of DS9 and Voyager take place in the 2370s. However, the 2009 Star Trek film contains the storyline furthest into the future, as Romulus is destroyed in 2387, creating the alternate timeline that the film is set in.",
"There are a number of claims for the furthest point in the future depicted in Star Trek: Nemesis, Shockwave, the 2009 Star Trek film and a brief scene in Enterprise."
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"The 2009 Star Trek film goes furthest into the future.",
"A scene in an episode of Enterprise took place in a distant future.",
"Nemesis seems to be the furthest point in the future according to the Star Trek timeline.",
"The furthest point in the future depicted in any canonical Star Trek work is Shockwave."
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"text": "There are allusions to the fact that there may be more like River Tam, but AFAIK none were introduced.",
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"text": "Also, she is definitely the most powerful and least crazy of the psychics that I can tell from the way they talked about her, possibly the only one left alive.",
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"text": "The first 10 - 20 minutes of Serenity are probably the best place to look for these clues.",
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"text": "Remember, they were keeping all of the psychics in a top secret facility, and remember what it took to get River out.",
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"text": "There probably aren't too many of them left, but there definitely were other psychics in the 'verse.",
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"text": "I bet some of them would have turned up if the series kept going on, most likely as weapons, as it appeared that River was intended for.",
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"text": "I think, though this wouldn't be considered canon even if true, we lost a lot in Firefly when it the series was canceled.",
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"text": "When you look at Whedon's body of work, he plants story seeds that develop over years (think of Dawn in Buffy, she was alluded to years before she came on the scene and",
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"text": "Willow going evil -- the seeds for that were planted in season 2 when she resouled Angel).",
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"text": "So, I think Whedon had planned to develop this over several years, but the series was cancelled and a lot of what we would've seen over five or six seasons on the series was compressed into the movie.",
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"text": "There are girls who have been subject to same experiments as River In Serenity - Leaves on the Wind 1 , our heroes need to break into the facility where River was held.",
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"text": "Without spoiling too much, River definitely isn't the only one, although the good doctor that made her states that she had a unique mind.",
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"text": "We don't actually see any other displays of psychic powers, but the other subjects are described as complete (as opposed to River), and they're definitely on par with River when it comes to fights.",
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"text": "1 Written by Zack Whedon, produced by Joss Whedon, thus",
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"text": "Sorry for the quality of the last one",
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"text": "The only potentially canonical source that directly states the possibility of more psychics is the roleplaying book Serenity , where Psychic is a trait any character can pick up.",
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"text": "A few sub-answers: A possible answer lies in the context of River's nightmare in the opening scene of the BDM.",
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"text": "When I first saw that scene, I assumed that we were seeing a nightmare set in the school.",
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"text": "If that's the case, then those other kids are in the same training program, and presumably have many of the same qualifications.",
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"text": "When Simon recounts to the crew the coded message that River wrote to him, his phrasing is \"They're hurting us\", with the plural pronoun.",
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"text": "However, given that Simon lies about other details in this same scene (specifically, concealing that it was in fact he who broke River out), the veracity of his account is nonverifiable.",
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"question": "Since it's introduced quite early in the series, I was surprised that no further psychics turned up in Serenity (if there's one there's two). Are there any other instances of psychics in the Firefly universe (or 'verse) in the rest of the canon?",
"title": "Other than River Tam, are there any other Psychics in the Firefly 'verse?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<firefly>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/1213",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/165/Stu Pegg"
} | 73_2 | [
[
"There have been allusions to other psychics in the firefly universe and some consider that there are definitely more psychics. However, none of them have been introduced. Although you don't actually see any other displays of psychic powers, the other subjects are described as complete (as opposed to River), and they are definitely on par with River when it comes to fights.",
"It would seem there probably are other psychics in the Firefly universe although they are only alluded to rather than seen."
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"It would seem there probably are other psychics in the Firefly universe although they are only alluded to rather than seen."
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"text": "Most of the Semitic-language-derived terms in Dune are proximately from Arabic rather than Hebrew.",
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"text": "Looking over a glossary of Dune terminology , I see these that look relevant to your question: Aba has been Islamified, but the term (and/or \"abaya\") apparently shows up in Tanach as the garb of Hebrew prophets.",
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"text": "Arafel is Hebrew (ערפל).",
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"text": "Baraka is probably Arabic-derived, but has such closely related meanings in Arabic and Hebrew as to make little difference.",
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"text": "The \"Bene\" in Bene Gesserit and Bene Tleilax is, if pronounced with the stress on the second syllable, Hebrew for \"children of\" (more popularly transliterated b'nei or b'nai ).",
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"text": "It's remotely possible that \"Bene Gesserit\" is meant to allude to a distorted Hebrew for \"children of the narrow path\", but as others have noted, it's more likely straight from Latin.",
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"text": "\"Tleilaxu\" is not Hebrew (neither it nor Arabic have an X), but the \"Bene\" in \"Bene Tleilax\" is more likely to be from the Semitic \"children of\" rather than the Latin \"good\", the Tleilaxu being Zensufis and all.",
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"text": "Fedaykin is probably from Arabic \"fedayeen\", but Hebrew has pretty much the same word, פַדַאיוּן Sayyadina",
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"text": "I suspect of being derived from an Arabic term with Hebrew roots, but I can't prove it.",
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"text": "The Bene in Bene Tleilax is from Arabic (they were Zensufis , remember) but probably changed through analogy with the Bene of Bene Gesserit, which is Latin.",
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"text": "Kwisatz Haderach is Hebrew, see the link.",
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"text": "aba means \"father\" in Hebrew.",
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"text": "Baraka was the Hebrew Jewish Prophet, Dvorah or Deborah, husband in the original Hebrew Israel",
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"text": "scrolls (book of Deborah)",
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"text": "Bene may refer to \"within\" in Hebrew Jihad is \"holy war\" to certain Islam sectors or it may refer to just \"war\"",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Most of the phrases came from Hebrew though the shemic languages are pretty similar.",
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"text": "When you say about someone that he made \"Kwisatz Haderach\" in free translation from Hebrew",
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"text": "it means he made a major leap forward,",
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"text": "let’s say at school.",
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"text": "when you say a person is a \"Kwisatz Haderach\" in humanity you actually mean that he is the next stage of evolution.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Also the word \"mishmish\" appears once - it's Hebrew for \"apricot(s)",
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"text": "\" but is quite possibly also from Arabic (the languages share a lot of words).",
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"question": "Kwisatz Haderach is one example of a name that is inspired by a Hebrew phrase . What is a complete list of terms that are used in Dune and share this property?",
"title": "Which names and terms in the Dune series come from Hebrew-inspired phrases?",
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"question_tags": "<dune><frank-herbert>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/1391",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/559/blueberryfields"
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"A number of words are considered to be derived from Hebrew or Arabic, with closely related meanings. These include Baraka, Fedaykin/Sayyadina, Bene, Arafel, Aba, and Jihad.",
"Terms in Dune obviously derive from semitic languages,. However, it is difficult to say if this is Arabic or Hebrew as the two languages share many similar terms."
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"Many words used in Dune are Arabic in origin, for example \"baraka\" and fedaykin from \"fedayeen\".",
"Terms in Dune may be Hebrew in origin, such as \"bene\" and \"aba\". Some words are both Arabic and Hebrew, e.g. \"baraka\" "
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"text": "H.G. Wells' The Invisible Man (the original) dealt with it.",
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"text": "The eponymous character tests his formula on a cat first, and the author notes 'there remained two little ghosts of her eyes'.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In the Recluce universe, LE Modesitt Jr deals with this.",
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"text": "his \"Order Mages\" can bend light to become invisible.",
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"text": "When they do, they are also blinded because they can not see.",
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"text": "EDIT",
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"text": "I have also remembered the TV show Invisible Man (aka I-Man) dealt with this as well.",
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"text": "the \"I-Man\", when invisible, could not see in the \"normal\" spectrum of light.",
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"text": "In the show, they hypothesized that he \"saw\" in the infra-red spectrum.",
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"text": "They often leveraged this \"fact\" in the show.",
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"text": "In Warren Ellis's Planetary he specifically addresses this with his version of the Invisible Woman from the Fantastic Four.",
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"text": "She needs special goggles to see -- otherwise she's blind while invisible.",
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"text": "A variant can be found in James Alan Gardner 's books Expendable and Ascending .",
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"text": "One of the characters, Oar, is translucent to humans.",
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"text": "However, it's made clear that this was only applicable in the wavelengths of normal human eyesight, and she's not completely invisible.",
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"text": "Well, there is one kind of invisibility that alleviates the problem.",
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"text": "If you don't bend the light but absorb it and create it anew on the other side of the body you want to conceal, then you can do whatever you want inside, including displaying the outside world.",
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"text": "This is nicely implemented in Ghost in the Shell.",
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"text": "You'd still need some way to record the light hitting you but",
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"text": "that's plausible with something like distributed light field technology that could in principle use a large number of microscopic, lens-free sensors.",
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"text": "This is actually the punch line of a short story (I guess by Robert Sheckley, but may also be Arthur C. Clarke's 'Tales From The White Hart').",
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"text": "It evolves at a bar where a guest confesses to another that he once helped an alien of a race that is known for its generosity with a paperclip and is granted a wish.",
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"text": "He asks for being invisible once a day for an hour and is persuaded by the other guest to stay on until it happens.",
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"text": "He stays put at bar stool eventually becoming both invisible and blind.",
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"question": "One problem I've always thought of with science fiction characters becoming invisible is that they should go blind, because their retina does not catch any light. Obviously a lot of soft SF or fantasy would gloss over this. But I'm sure that hard SF authors have had a go at it. How can invisibility and sight be reconciled?",
"title": "Invisibility should cause blindness: how does hard sf cope?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<hard-sci-fi><biology><supernatural-abilities>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/1465",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/143/Reinstate Monica - Goodbye SE"
} | 73_6 | [
[
"H.G. Wells' The Invisible Man (the original) dealt with this issue, as did LE Modesitt Jr in the Recluce universe. This is addressed specifically in Warren Ellis's Planetary, with his version of the Invisible Woman from the Fantastic Four.",
"A number of works, including The Invisible Man, Recluce Universe and Planetary deal with the issue of invisibility and blindness. Moreover, there is, apparently, one kind of invisibility that alleviates the problem of blindness."
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"The Invisible Man, Recluce Universe and Planetary all deal with the issue of invisibility and bindness.",
"There is apparently one kind of invisibility that alleviates the problem of blindness."
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"text": "There is a DVD box set release that came complete with the unaltered original films as bonus material .",
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"text": "Each movie comes as a two-disc set—one disc is the 2004 remastered version of the film, while the second disc is a version that captures its original theatrical presentation.",
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"text": "If you heard that this 're-released' trilogy was not so good.",
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"text": "It's because it used non-anamorphic video sourced from the 1993 LaserDisc releases.",
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"text": "It's just not good as the restored 1997 Special Edition (Gold or Silver box) and any subsequent release, which you should avoid because it include many changes from the original theatrical version.",
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"text": "After that, I think your best bet would be to check garage sales or to go on Ebay for the first VHS release of Stars wars or The \"1995 VHS THX Edition\" (Black box).",
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"text": "The 1993 laser disc Star Wars Trilogy:",
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"text": "The Definitive Collection would be also OK, if you have the player to use it, but you wont have a better image than with the DVD, as the source is the same.",
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"text": "But, be notified even those versions has some small changes",
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"text": ", I recommend to check the wikipedia page about List of changes in Star Wars re-releases to pick the release you want.",
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"text": "Another great alternative is Harmy's Despecialized Editions.",
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"text": "Basically a guy called Harmy went and reconstructed the original versions from a variety of newer sources:",
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"text": "This is a reconstruction of the 1977 theatrical version of STAR WARS.",
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"text": "The original shots were painstakingly restored using various sources (listed below) and the film received an extensive shot by shot colour correction based on a fade free 1977 I.B. Technicolor Print.",
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"text": "You can find them here:",
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"text": "Star Wars Empire Strikes Back Return of the Jedi",
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"text": "If you want physical copies of them, there are printable covers and disc art included as well.",
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"text": "The end product looks like this:",
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"text": "LaserDisc will probably be the best quality you can find of the 'original' version of the first trilogy: http://www.amazon.com/Star-Trilogy-Widescreen-Collectors-Laser/dp/B000EDQCC8",
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"text": "I reckon that it will be easier to find hens' teeth, though.",
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"text": "Also - reputedly - Lucas has destroyed the original masters so that the only 'definitive' studio version available is the special edition which was released at the end of the 90s.",
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"text": "It really depends what you don't want.",
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"text": "If you want the movies as they appeared in the theaters, you'll have to hunt down one of the original film reels.",
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"text": "That's an expensive proposition but ALL of the at-home releases of the films are modified in some way.",
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"text": "Even if just to add \"Episode IV: A New Hope\" to the opening crawl.",
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"text": "The VHS releases up to the special edition are the only versions that don't contain the now infamous extra footage and Greedo shooting first.",
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"text": "The special editions and the DVD releases are all more-or-less the same.",
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"text": "And the new Blu-ray versions are different still.",
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"text": "Although exactly how they differ I am not sure.",
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"text": "The best recreation of the original version is Harmy's \"Despecialized Edition\", which is based primarily on the Blu-ray versions, with most of the SE content removed: http://originaltrilogy.com/topic/Harmys-STAR-WARS-Despecialized-Edition-HD-V25-MKV-IS-OUT-NOW/id/12713",
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"text": "Certainly in the UK can can get these: http://www.amazon.co.uk/Star-Wars-Episode-IV-Theatrical/dp/B000FMH8UI/ref=sr_1_9?ie=UTF8&qid=1296458411&sr=8-9",
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"text": "They include both the original theatrical release and the Special Edition.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "This restoration of an original 35mm film print is probably the best pre-Special Edition version currently available: http://www.thestarwarstrilogy.com/starwars/post/2016/01/15/Team-Negative-One-completes-35mm-Restoration-of-Star-Wars http://originaltrilogy.com/topic/team-negative1-star-wars-1977-35mm-theatrical-version-release-details-and-updates/id/14590",
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"question": "In the early 90s I remember having \"digitally remastered\" versions of the Star Wars Trilogy on VHS (Letterbox/Surround/THX), it would be good to have higher quality versions of these but I'm unsure whether they are generally available. I have heard some criticism of the 're-released' trilogy.",
"title": "How can I watch the pre-\"Special Edition\" Star Wars?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/1472",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/604/tonylo"
} | 73_7 | [
[
"It is recommended to check the Wikipedia List of Changes in Star Wars Re-releases to pick the release you want. There is a DVD box set release that came complete with the unaltered original films as bonus material. However, apart from that, garage sales or eBay might be a good place to look for these versions. The DVD releases and special editions are considered to be more-or-less the same. However, Harmy's \"Despecialized Edition\", is a recommended alternative, based primarily on the Blu-ray versions, with most of the special edition content removed.",
"Pre-special editions of Star Wars can be found on DVD, VHS and LaserDisc. However, the best vversion is considered to be Harmy's \"Despecialized Edition\". The films as they appeared in cinemas are only available on the original 35mm reels."
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"Star Wars pre-special edition is available on DVD, VHS and LaserDisc.",
"Wikipedia has a list of the changes made in Star Wars re-releases.",
"The best recreation of the original is Harmy's \"Despecialized Edition\". For the movies as they appeared in the cinema, you would have to find the originala 35mm reels."
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"text": "The cloaking device in Star Trek is imperfect.",
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"text": "If you look closely either with eyes or sensors you can observe a disruption where the ship is.",
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"text": "This is because it isn't successfully bending all of the light around the ship.",
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"text": "Some of it is going into the ships sensors, being absorbed or being reflected at random.",
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"text": "And this creates a detectable disruption, but it also means that the ship can still see.",
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"text": "It's only with total invisibility that all of the light has to go through and you'd have issues with seeing.",
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"text": "This might apply to the invisibility question as well.",
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"text": "The only light that has to go through you to be invisible is the light coming from behind (wrt the observer).",
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"text": "As long as you don't reflect the light coming toward your front (wrt the observer), then you won't be visible.",
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"text": "Whoever is looking at you will see only the light coming from behind you.",
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"text": "Of course, this is an issue if there are people on all sides of you.",
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"text": "However, if you only allow certain points to absorb the light instead of bending or transmitting it, then for all practical intents and purposes, you'd still be invisible.",
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"text": "There'd only be a very, very slight disruption right around the sensors.",
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"text": "Or eyes.",
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"text": "The bit about not reflecting on coming light only works in space actually.",
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"text": "Unless you count 'casting a shadow' as being invisible.",
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"text": "Which sometimes happens and sometimes doesn't.",
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"text": "Depending on the story.",
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"text": "I'd like to propose another answer.",
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"text": "Looking at the cloaking technology itself, there are two ways that it could work: First Case:",
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"text": "Light hitting the ship is absorbed and emitted on the other side of the ship without alteration from all directions.",
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"text": "In this case, your technology is actually capturing the light, so it IS \"seeing\" everything as normal...",
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"text": "it's just not reflecting it back for everyone else to see them.",
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"text": "Problem Solved.",
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"text": "Second Case:",
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"text": "Light hitting the ship is bent around the ship and then straightened again on the other side without any other alteration by the ship.",
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"text": "In this case, you're going to need a small inconsequential amount of light to pass through the cloak barrier and be absorbed (not reflected) by the ship as sensor data.",
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"text": "So the bottom line, as long as you have technology that absorbs light without reflecting it back...",
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"text": "you can \"see\".",
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"text": "But the more light you absorb without passing it to the other side, the more distortion there's going to be... and",
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"text": "that is a way for the other ships to detect you.",
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"text": "(Of course, any energy being emitted by the ship is detectable...",
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"text": "so you have to turn the ship into a closed sealed system).",
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"text": "Out-of-universe, it's easy to explain: The writers wrote down to their expected audience, who they didn't expect to want to watch episodes about invisible enemies guessing where their foes were.",
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"text": "Alternatively, the writers could have been unable to come up with appropriate stories for cloaked ships being blind.",
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"text": "In-universe, it's probably explained in the same vein as the sensors (which can 'see' events light-hours away in real time).",
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"text": "Sensors positioned outside the cloak would \"see\" for the ship and wouldn't be detectable in and of themselves as long as they were small passive sensors.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "This is sort of like the invisible man problem.",
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"text": "If the invisible man is totally, 100% invisible, he'd have to be blind.",
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"text": "If he can see, then at least his retinas must attenuate light passing through them, and",
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"text": "Artificial sensors would have similar requirements.",
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"text": "But the thing is, in the case of an invisible man, you've reduced the visible area from a square meter or two, to a square centimeter or two, and in the case of a ship, from (probably) several hundred square meters to (possibly) less than a single square meter.",
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"text": "Of course, if you have a ship that's going to go even just a few percent of C , it should probably be capable of detecting quite small particles, and should therefore be able to detect even the tiny reflection/distortion from the sensors of a cloaked ship.",
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"text": "Of course there's also the possibility of 'active cloaking', that if you know where the enemy you're trying to hide from is, and what their sensor systems are, then you can actively beam just the right signal at the other guy to fool his sensors into not seeing you.",
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"text": "There is one difference between this question and the invisible man question.",
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"text": "The invisible man issue is purely limited to the visible spectrum of electromagnetic radiation .",
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"text": "For a space ship, it is conceivable that the cloaked ship is hidden in one part of the spectrum (e.g. visible light) but detects other ships using a different part, perhaps X-rays.",
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"question": "Related to Invisibility should cause blindness: how does hard sf cope? , I'm wondering whether the cloaking device implementation in Star Trek includes an explanation as to why cloaked ships can still observe their surroundings.",
"title": "How come cloaking devices in Star Trek allow the cloaked ship to continue to observe its surroundings?",
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"question_tags": "<star-trek><technology><cloaking>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/1499",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/559/blueberryfields"
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"The cloaking device is Star Trek is imperfect, as total invisibility would cause issues with seeing. For example, if the invisible man was 100% invisible, he would have to be blind. However, there is also the possibility of 'active cloaking' - if you know where the enemy you are trying to hide from is, and what their sensor systems are, then you can actively beam just the right signal at them to fool their sensors into not seeing you. For a space ship, it is also conceivable that the cloaked ship is hidden in one part of the spectrum (e.g. visible light) but detects other ships using a different part, perhaps X-rays.",
"The issue of invisibility and blindness can be dealt with by ensuring the invisibility or claoking is not 100%, allowing enough light to see. Alternatively, sensors can be installed outside the cloak and act as the spaceships eyes. Moreover, the ship can be invisible in one part of the spectrum yet visible in another (visible light versus X-rays). On the other hand, authors may have decided not to deal with the issue as most of the audience would not be aware of it and finding storylines would be more difficult."
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"The spaceship would only be blind if the cloaking device were 100%. A slight imperfection would allow the ship to \"see\" Sensors outside the cloak could also be used as eyes. ",
"Active cloaking could allow the ship to continue to see. The shipp could be invisible in the visible light spectrum but still be able to see in the X-ray spectrum",
"The authors decided not to deal with the issue of invisibility and blindness as most of the audience would be unaware and finding storylines would be more difficult."
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"text": "Isaac Asimov's 1958 short story \"The Feeling of Power\" posits a population completely dependent on their \"pocket computer\" for doing basic arithmetic.",
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"text": "However, they are not described in use for anything other than arithmetic (which is, after all what the big boxes did in 1958), so I don't know if it counts or not.",
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"text": "The way the characters use the things in the Niven/Pournelle reference more closely resemble the things we think of as PDAs/smartphones/netbooks.",
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"text": "It looks like Asimov has him beat, but Arthur C. Clarke mentioned an electronic news pad in his 2001:",
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"text": "A Space Odyssey .",
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"text": "And in 1980, Allen MacNeill predicted that by 2010, we would have handheld computers (that would be connected to a mainframe).",
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"text": "In his novel The Age of the Pussyfoot (1966/1969 ‡ ), Frederik Pohl describes a device called a \"joymaker\"; a scepter-like device that is connected to a central network and functions as a voice-operated computer.",
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"text": "The Age of the Pussyfoot was first published as a novel in 1969, but before that it was published as a serial in Galaxy Science Fiction starting in 1966.",
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"text": "In computer science, Alan Kay's Dynabook was first described by him in 1968.",
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"text": "It was a pad style computer with a keyboard and LCD screen, similar to, but smaller then, the Kindle.",
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"text": "I don't recall any science fiction stories using a hand-held computer prior to that.",
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"text": "In Larry Niven's short story, \"The Soft Weapon,\" 1967, the device had multiple modes.",
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"text": "It was hand-held, and in one mode was intelligent, and interacted with Humans and Kzinti.",
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"text": "John Brunner's novel, The Shockwave Rider (1967), had protagonist Nicky Haflinger hacking the \"datanet\" from a folding pocket videophone (which required a wire connection to the telephone system to operate).",
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"text": "Though one could argue that it, and even the home data terminals almost everyone had, weren't primarily computing devices in their own right, none the less they gave anyone with appropriate skills (in the case of the pocket veephone, the ability to program in phone code groups) nearly unlimited (given the ubiquity of phone connection points) access to nearly unlimited computing power.",
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"text": "A. E. van Vogt's fixup novel",
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"text": "The Mixed Men (1952) has the following passage: There was no whine of sirens, so it was not a battle alert.",
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"text": "He put down his book, slipped into his coat, and headed for astrogation and instrument room.",
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"text": "Several officers, including the ship's executive astrogational officer, were already there when he arrived.",
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"text": "He sat down at his desk, and took out of his pocket the tool of his trade: a slide rule with a radio attachment which connected it with the nearest--in this case the ship's--mechanical brain .",
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"question": "Science-fiction writers are often credited with \"inventing the future\" with some of their ideas. For example, the idea of geostationary satellites is often attributed to Arthur C. Clarke. What novel was the first to mention or predict a personal handheld computer that anyone could use? Jerry Pournelle, in several TWiT podcasts, claims that he and co-writer Larry Niven came up with the idea in The Mote in God's Eye published in 1974, however, I'm sure an idea like it came along well before that.",
"title": "What novel was the first to mention or predict a personal handheld computer?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<history-of><computers><jerry-pournelle><prediction>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/1760",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/40/Brenton Taylor"
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[
" Isaac Asimov's 1958 short story \"The Feeling of Power\" described a population dependent on a \"pocket computer\". Frederik Pohl's \"The Age of the Pussyfoot\" (1966/1969), describes a device called a \"joymaker\", which functions as a voice-operated computer. \"The Shockwave Rider\" by John Brunner (1967), had protagonist Nicky Haflinger hacking the \"datanet\" from a folding pocket videophone. Alan Kay mentioned the Dynabook in 1968. Finally, in 1980, Allen MacNeill predicted that by 2010, we would have handheld computers that would be connected to a mainframe.",
"There are many novels that mention a type of personal computing device long before they were invented. The earliest reference appears to be \"The Feeling of Power\" by Isaac Asimov in 1958."
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"text": "The Puppet Masters is based on Heinlein's novel of the same name.",
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"text": "Starship Troopers was VERY loosely based on his book by the same title.",
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"text": "There was also an animated miniseries made of Red Planet.",
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"text": "There's also Roughnecks: Starship Troopers Chronicles , and while not great is better than the Starship Troopers movie (though oddly enough, Wikipedia claims this show was based on both the original book & that awful movie).",
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"text": "It's got to be doubtful if it would ever get made, but there's a screenplay for Moon",
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"text": "Is A Harsh Mistress here",
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"text": "The 2014 Australian film Predestination is based on Heinlein's story '—All You Zombies—' .",
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"text": "As discussed here , Heinlein's novel Red Planet was adapted into an animated mini-series .",
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"text": "You can see it on Youtube .",
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"text": "I've never seen it but this page also lists The Brain Eaters from 1958.",
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"text": "Heinlein sued for plagiarism, so it at least must be pretty close :)",
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"text": "The low budget StarQuest: Beyond The Rising Moon, reedited and upgraded as Outerworld is adapted from Friday, though only various parts, names, actions and the planet Halcyon were used.",
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"text": "Shot entirely in a D.C. warehouse, and using miniatures, it has the look of cheap, but it's quite good, and addictive.",
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"text": "I recommend it as an um-(sort of)Friday.",
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"text": "Not sure whether this counts, but there's a short video of \"And He Built A Crooked House\".",
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"text": "To the best of my knowledge (And I've been an SF and film buff for decades) the listings above are all the Heinlein stuff which as been adapted.",
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"text": "You could nominally add \"The Trouble With Tribbles\" as being inspired by it.",
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"text": "David Gerrold was purportedly unaware of any connection until long after the fact, but even he acked that the resemblance between Tribbles and RAH's \"Flatcats\" from The Rolling Stones is awfully close.",
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"text": "RAH was contacted before its production by Paramount's legal dept. and signed off on the usage as acceptable to him.",
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"text": "I'd also note the similarity between Star Trek's Operation: Annihilate! with RAH's \"The Puppet Masters\".",
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"text": "I do disagree with the complaints about Starship Troopers.",
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"text": "It's not a particularly close adaptation (Verhoeven really did NOT understand the culture RAH was writing about, as shown by the obviously Nazi-esque uniforms for the Intel Officers) but it's not an awful movie itself, and the book is remarkably didactic and Verhoeven did a fairly good job of getting a lot of that subtle material into the movie with the \"internet '",
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"text": "Want to know more?'",
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"text": "\" elements -- which at the time was perceived as the future of the internet (i.e., \"push\" content vs \"pull\" content --",
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"text": "As usual, the commercial interests Got It Wrong.",
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"text": "One reason why government-directed technology never works, and central-planning schemes always go awry.",
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"text": "It's impossible to reliably predict the direction a billion people will trend things)",
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"text": "In other words, if you look at it as \"based on\" ST rather than an actual adaptation, then it's not awful.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Stranger in a Strange Land Has been picked up for a TV series for SyFy ( source )",
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"text": "Not sure how well that's going to go, personally.",
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"text": "The controversial elements, and true driving forces of the novel, are religion and sex, which Heinlein’s publisher at the time wanted him to cut out.",
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"text": "But as the author noted to his literary agent, if religion and sex were removed from the text, what remained would be the equivalent of a “non-alcoholic martini.”",
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"text": "strictly isn't a movie but thought that Heinlein fans might have a passing interest.",
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"question": "Is there any movie based on Robert Heinlein's work? If so, is there more than one?",
"title": "Are there any movies based on Robert Heinlein's works?",
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"question_tags": "<movie><robert-a-heinlein>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/1845",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/842/Jorge Florêncio"
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"An episode of Masters of Science Fiction was based on a Heinlein story and The Puppet Masters is based on Heinlein's novel of the same name. Starship Troopers was loosely based on Heinlein's book; the 2014 film Predestination is based on Heinlein's story '—All You Zombies—'; Heinlein's Friday was referenced in StarQuest: Beyond The Rising Moon; a short video exists of \"And He Built A Crooked House\"; and there was an animated series of Red Planet.",
"A number of Heinleins books have been used as a basis for films, such as the Puppet Master, or episodes of series. Some of the adaptations have been looser than others. Moreover, an animated version has been made of Red Planet and a short video of \"And He Built A Crooked House\"."
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"A number of Heinlein's books have been used as a basis for films or episodes of series, including Puppet Masters. Some are only very loosely based on the original book.",
"An animated series has been made of Red Planet and a short video of \"And He Built A Crooked House\"."
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"text": "If you watch the season 2 episode where the Galactica has been boarded by a group of Cylons, Apollo is seen to load an armour-piercing round into the lower, larger bore, barrel of his sidearm.",
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"text": "I guess that most other weapons are also dual-load with standard rounds and armour-piercing.",
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"text": "In addition to the advantages that Pearsonartphoto mentions, there are a variety of aesthetic reasons.",
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"text": "As a TV show it is really important to have visual elements that identify the world when you see them.",
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"text": "Being instantly recognizable, in this case via the double-barreled weapons and various uniform, makes it so casual fans of the show will be more likely to stop and watch as they are flipping through channels.",
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"text": "When a TV show is first 'broken' the creators will put together art bibles and other resources that help tie the show's visual aspects together into a cohesive unit.",
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"text": "Not only does this help brand the show, but it sets a standards bar that helps the visuals of a show maintain a certain visual appeal.",
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"text": "That appeal could be intentionally slip-shod, which is the case with a lot of the syfy original movies that are striving for a B-movie quality.",
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"text": "Or it could be a high bar meant to keep the setting of a show realistic, such as in a lot of HBO programs.",
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"text": "It also can define a setting where low tech flotsam and high-tech marvels come together, like in Firefly.",
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"text": "Double barrel guns have a number of advantages, they have quicker firing rates, reduced maintenance, and accuracy.",
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"text": "Presumably they have some kind of a material that reduces the weight, but the double barrel still gives advantages.",
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"text": "For more, see this Wikipedia article .",
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"text": "The upper barrel of the sidearms is for regular ammunition, and the lower barrel is for high-explosive rounds.",
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"text": "In Vally of Darkness , the entire final battle is predicated on the use and reloading of these single shot",
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"text": "HE rounds to defeat the cylon boarding party.",
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"text": "High explosive rounds have been used other times in the series, but this is the only time they are covered by the plot.",
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"text": "Because two is better then one.",
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"text": "I should point out that many of rifles of our current armed forces have \"two barrels\" as well--the barrel for the \"normal\" ammo and one for the grenade launcher.",
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"question": "In the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica series, the handguns that the military use seem to have two barrels. What are the reasons behind this?",
"title": "Why do the guns in Battlestar Galactica have two barrels?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<battlestar-galactica><weapon>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2165",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/604/tonylo"
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"Dual-load weapons are already common in our current armed forces. However, in this case, one barrel may be for regular ammo and the other for high-explosive or armor-piercing rounds. Double barrel guns have faster firing rates and \"two is better than one\".",
"Two barrel guns have advantages including faster firing rates and greater accuracy. Each barrel has a different function. Current armed forces also use double-barrel weapons, it is not just science fiction."
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"The two barrels on double-barrel guns have different functions. Current armed forces also use two barrels so it is not just in science fiction.",
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"text": "About 6000 years ago.",
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"text": "But I don't think the exact details of when were at all important to Tolkien.",
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"text": "He has described it as an imaginary period in earth's past, not only in The Lord of the Rings (see Prologue and Appendices), but also in several correspondence letters, estimating the end of the Third Age to about 6,000 years before his own time, and in N.W. Europe (Hobbiton for example was set in same latitude as Oxford), though at times he would also describe elements of the stories as a kind of \"...secondary or sub-creational reality\" or \"Secondary belief\" in replies to letters.",
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"text": "I'm pretty sure that Tolkien intended his work to be a mythology of our ancient past.",
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"text": "It has been speculated that if LOTR ends at the beginning of the 4th age, then we may currently be in the 7th age.",
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"text": "That said, the length of an age is arbitrary and the events of the 3rd age do not fall anywhere in our own history.",
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"text": "You could think of the 7th age as all of known human history.",
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"text": "Anything older than that can only be considered myth.",
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"text": "It was meant to be in this world, about 6,000 years ago.",
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"text": "In Letter #211 Tolkien addressed this specifically (the asterisk is to the footnote, reproduced below):",
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"text": "I hope the, evidently long but undefined, gap* in time between the Fall of Barad-dur and our Days is sufficient for 'litereary credibility', even for readers acquainted with what is known or surmised of 'pre-history'.",
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"text": "I imagine the gap to be about 6000 years : that is we are now at the end of the Fifth Age, if the Ages were of about the same length as S.A. and T.A.",
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"text": "But they have, I think quickened; and I imagine we are actually at the end of the Sixth Age, or in the Seventh.",
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"text": "I figured the stories took place pre-Genesis (in the Gap-Theory gap) like Robert E. Howard's Conan - Hyborian Age.",
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"text": "Edit:",
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"text": "please note that the question explicitly states the time frame from 'the real world' and makes references to film props etc.",
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"text": "therefore what the author intended is not the question.",
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"text": "The questions is purely concerned with where in the course of real history the films would be fit in.",
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"text": "If you wish to downvote, please feel free but could you also leave a comment",
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"text": "so I know why?",
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"text": "Looking at the films Gondor is about 1450 and the shire is about 18c.",
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"text": "Please note this is based upon the full plate armour used by gondor's soldiers, orcs and elves (eg barbutes), the pole block tactics used by the orcs, the agricultural machines used in the shire and the crockery and cutlery used by hobbits etc.",
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"text": "C.S. Lewis' Space Trilogy and Tolkien's Lord of the Rings Trilogy was a collaboration, taking place in our universe.",
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"text": "In fact, C.S. Lewis referred to Numinor several times over the course of his book That Hideous Strength , which was set in post-WWII England.",
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"text": "From the Prelude he writes: Those who would like to learn further about Numinor and the True West must (alas!)",
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"text": "await the publication of much that still exists only in the [manuscript] of my friend, Professor J. R. R. Tolkien.",
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"text": "According to the antagonists in C.S.Lewis' book",
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"text": "That Hideous Strength , it would have been sometime before 110,000 years ago (before the beginning of the last glacial period ).",
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"text": "In discussing Merlin, Frost states: \"What we have here,\" said Frost pointing to the sleeper, \"is not, you see, something from the fifth century.",
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"text": "It is the last vestige, surviving into the fifth century, of something much more remote.",
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"text": "Something that comes down from long before the Great Disaster, even before primitive druidism; something that takes us back to Numinor, to pre-glacial periods.",
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"text": "Of course, these are the same folks that predicted that Merlin would join their side, and were subsequently devoured by their own future vivisection experiments; take what they say with a grain of salt. ;)",
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"text": "Seeing how Lord of the Rings stems from Beowulf and the Nibelung saga as well as the Poetic Edda, 5th to 6th century would be a good guess.",
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"text": "The sword that was broken and remade, the cursed ring, invisibility, the dragon and his hoard, and the stolen goblet, and even many of the names (Gandalf, Balin, Durin, anyone?) stem from there.",
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"question": "I know that The Lord of the Rings is located in Middle-earth and by the looks of clothes and props, we're looking at well before the 18th century. What's the best guess at the time period that The Lord of the Rings was set in?",
"title": "In what time period does The Lord of the Rings take place in the real world?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<the-lord-of-the-rings><tolkiens-legendarium>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2237",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/630/benhowdle89"
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"Lord of the Rings is supposed to be set in this world, approximately 6,000 years ago. Considering the films, some believe that Gondor is set in around 1450 and the Shire is approximately 18th Century.",
"It is generally considered that the Lord of the Rings is set 6000 years ago. The costumes and lifestyle, on the other hand, appear to be 15th century for the orcs, elves and men, whereas the Shire seems to be in the 18th century."
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"The Lord of the Rings is considered to be set 6000 years ago by most people. Some say pre-Genesis.",
"Costumes and lifetsyle appear to be 15 century for the men, orcs and elves and 18th century for the hobbits. Other believe 5th or 6th century because of references to Nordic Traditions like Beowulf and Nibelung."
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"text": "This obviously looks like an afterthought explanation but here is what I found : The magazine, Star Wars Insider Issue 62, explains that R2's manufacturers at Industrial Automation had limited their factory warranty on astromech rockets to about 20 years, which would explain why R2 doesn't have his rockets in the Original Trilogy.",
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"text": "I was dubbing on that reference because I don't have any copy of Star Wars Insider Issue 62.",
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"text": "I also found the same text in a cached Wikipedia page and that section has been removed long ago.",
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"text": "(see Wikipedia Talk on R2-D2 )",
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"text": "Anyway, from the Industrial Automaton Wookieepedia article there's a remark on this limitation of the warranty that cite holonetnews as reference: RORDIS CITY, NUBIA - Rescinding previous consumer documentation that guaranteed a \"lifetime\" of reliability in their after-market astromech hover rockets, Industrial Automaton has now capped the warranty at 20 standard years.",
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"text": "This decision affects all optional R2, R3 and R4-adapted leg-bracket and barrel-housed propellant rocket systems.",
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"text": "Another possible reason could be that the rockets (even if they had fuel) weren't powerful enough to lift R2-D2 in the gravitational field of Tatooine (which, being a rather large planet, is likely to have relatively high gravity).",
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"text": "If I remember Attack of the Clones correctly that scene took place on an asteroid or planetoid, thus in low gravity.",
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"text": "Rockets powerful enough to lift an R2-D2 in 1G (1 Earth gravity acceleration) -",
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"text": "and it's quite likely",
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"text": "Tatooine had higher than that - would be rather large and bulky.",
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"text": "Thrusters for (near) zero gravity to propel the same mass can be a lot smaller and thus easier to fit into a droid.",
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"text": "As the R2-D2 was designed for use in zero gravity primarily (space ship maintenance and repair, etc...)",
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"text": "the designers aren't likely to have designed it with atmospheric flight in a high-G environment in mind.",
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"text": "It's probable that, as his focus shifted away from starship maintenance (with its requirement for zero-g mobility) and toward 'Rebel hacker/awesomebot' R2 was modified to remove the rockets.",
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"text": "It's also possible that, as a member of the rebellion against the government of the time (instead of as a robot in the service of the present government, as in the prequel trilogy) the fuel was hard to come by.",
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"text": "R2 can't have a lot of storage space for fuel, and I'd be willing to bet that his flight capabilities either require a significant amount of his internal power OR need a separate fuel source.",
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"text": "If it is fuel, then it's certainly likely that he had none at the time - either because the Rebellion didn't think it would be needed or because it had been removed by Jabba's people (why would a drink server need it?).",
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"text": "Keep in mind that there IS evidence for R2 having flight capabilities in Empire Strikes Back (unless you think the bottom of a lake in a SWAMP is a good environment for a wheeled robot, and that it would be level enough for his sensor probe to maintain a flat path).",
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"text": "Among the plausible reasons: because the small repulsorlift engines in R2 might not work over \"off the cliff\" surface (either not enough power, or problems with control).",
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"text": "It was a faster way down :)",
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"text": "I don't know of a canonical answer.",
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"text": "Since I first watched Revenge of the Sith, I thought a direct answer to this question was given when R2 spits out a full load of petroleum-like fluid and uses his thrusters to ignite it and fry a bunch of battle droids on Dooku's flagship.",
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"text": "It is even clear that he used all his fuel for this, because the thrusters cough and turn off right after.",
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"text": "Why he never refills can be explained in various ways.",
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"text": "Maybe the tank was not refillable as that fuel quantity was intended to last for decades.",
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"text": "Or that particular fuel was never available again after the fall of the Republic.",
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"text": "This is very briefly covered in a footnote in the (Disney-canon)",
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"text": "Star Wars novel Return of the Jedi - Beware the Power of the Dark Side .",
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"text": "Somewhere, deep in his memory banks, R2 remembers a time when he could have fired his rocket thrusters and abandoned ship gracefully.",
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"text": "But they haven’t worked in ages and his warranty is long, long expired.",
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"text": "Perhaps, in the RotJ secne, they were disabled or removed despite the fact that R2 had a restraining bolt.",
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"text": "The foreman robot in Jabba's palace recognized R2 as being a troublemaker and could have accounted for him being wily enough to try to circumvent the restraining bolt at some point.",
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"text": "Furthermore, I would imagine that they would be a limited use item as R2 did not use them for a very extended period on Geonosis.",
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"text": "According to Wookieepedia : R2-D2, during the Clone Wars, utilized a Brooks Propulsion rocket booster, which he used to escape and, in the case of the Battle of Coruscant, offensively.",
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"text": "After the Clone Wars, however, Brooks Propulsion Devices, the company responsible for the development of his boosters, was shut down, and his rocket boosters were eventually damaged and thus could not be repaired.",
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"text": "Despite this, however, R2 hardly regretted the loss of his ability to fly.",
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"question": "In Return of the Jedi : Artoo butts the golden droid over the edge and steps off himself, tumbling toward the sand. But in Attack of the Clones : ARTOO uses his rocket jets to fly up and into the factory. Why didn't R2-D2 use his jets in RotJ instead of ending feet up in the sand? Update: I am looking for an in-universe explanation .",
"title": "Why did R2-D2 not fly in Return of the Jedi?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><return-of-the-jedi><attack-of-the-clones>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2298",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/143/Reinstate Monica - Goodbye SE"
} | 73_14 | [
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"text": "This is a very often-debated subject… You'll want to tailor the choice to that person's taste.",
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"text": "Some novels have the same main characters as earlier ones, and they make more sense if you've read the earlier ones.",
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"text": "There's a reading order guide on L-Space , with a dependency graph by Krzysztof Kietzman ( also in picture form ).",
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"text": "Some of these dependencies are stronger than others, for example Wyrd Sisters and Witches Abroad make sense on their own, but Lords and Ladies is really a sequel to Wyrd Sisters .",
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"text": "The Watch novels are really a series, I don't recommend starting in the middle (so, not The Fifth Elephant ).",
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"text": "I'm partial towards The Colour of Magic (the first book in the series) myself, but",
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"text": "I know a lot of people don't like it.",
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"text": "It's a good point of entry for habitual fantasy readers ( The Colour of Magic starts with a Leiber ) spoof; Light Fantastic is a direct sequel.",
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"text": "Wyrd Sisters is a good introduction for a Shakespeare fan.",
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"text": "Soul Music for a rock-and-roll fan.",
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"text": "Abroad is built on fairy tales.",
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"text": "Small Gods is good for someone who likes philosophy of religions.",
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"text": "Mort introduces Death , and Guards!",
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"text": "Guards! introduces Vetinari",
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"text": "(the ruler of Ankh-Morpork ); both are endearing Pratchett characters.",
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"text": "Monstrous Regiment is good for a feminist.",
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"text": "Going Postal is set in Ankh-Morpork, but you don't need to have read the previous books to appreciate it; it shows the city confronted with modernity, 19th-century style.",
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"text": "Night Watch shows an earlier Ankh-Morpork in a revolution; it's almost independent from the other Watch books.",
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"text": "\"Guards!",
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"text": "Guards!\".",
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"text": "Although I have other favorites, I think it stands alone well enough not to be confusing and require previous knowledge, but it is also a book in ther series where Pratchett has clearly honed his style.",
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"text": "You could also read the Guards/Vimes books sequentially after that too.",
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"text": "For a younger reader---especially but not exclusively a young lady---consider Wee Free Men , the first of the Tiffany Achings novels.",
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"text": "My niece is sufficiently mannerly that receiving a thank you note was taken in course, but we heard through the grape-vine that she asked for the sequel, so I think it was a hit.",
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"text": "First one I read was Mort .",
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"text": "But to be honest, if they're new to Terry Pratchett altogether, maybe go with Good Omens .",
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"text": "If they like the sense of humor there they should be good to go, and maybe pick up Gaiman as well.",
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"text": "Two to consider are Equal Rites or Small Gods .",
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"text": "The former covers more of the reoccurring characters, but Small Gods is arguable Pratchett at his best commentary on Round World.",
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"text": "I would always recommend Feet of Clay, I know its in the one of the watchmen series, but I find it's one of his most rounded books.",
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"text": "It has a lot of the running jokes, that are funny when you encounter them in the different books, but stand very well on",
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"text": "I would also always recommend that you reread it after you've read a few of his other books.",
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"text": "I wouldn't start with the Colour of Magic, as I think that is better enjoyed by someone who's read a few of his books already.",
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"text": "Pyramids, Small Gods, Wyrd Sisters.",
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"text": "Those 3 are probably the best introductions into the Dyskworld multiverse.",
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"text": "Small Gods might be less appropriate for a strongly religious person for all the obvious reasons :)",
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"text": "For me it would either be the Thief of time or Mort.",
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"text": "I started with the former actually.",
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"text": "In my opinion, both of them plunge you into the extremely defamiliarising Discworld.",
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"text": "If you like the conceits and the humour, you'll know if you are sticking with Terry or not.",
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"text": "The Truth is the first one I read.",
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"text": "It's after Pratchett's mainstays like the Watch or Death have already been developed but those books don't have to be read beforehand to understand who they are in relevance to the story.",
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"text": "It's very good at letting you get a taste of the series without being forced to jump into a whole sub-series.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Start with the Rincewind cycle, continue with the early \"stand-alones\" (small gods.",
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"text": "pyramids) and DEATH cycle, then launch into the Watch cycle, then finish off with the witches...",
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"text": "but at least do the cycles chronologically, since it adds emotional connection with the characters.",
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"text": "My suggestion is to start where he did, even though RIncewind overall is a somewhat weak character (the other university people are much more fun in the later stories), by the time you get to the best parts of the Discworld saga (namely the city watch) you will know all about the (disc)world.",
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"text": "It's also fun to watch Pratchett develop his style from spoofing and light-hearted parody to the more bitter cynical humor of his later books.",
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"text": "Oh, and Vetinari and don't forget Strata!",
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] | {
"question": "If you were going to loan one Terry Pratchett book from the Discworld series to someone, which book would you use?",
"title": "Which Discworld book to start a newbie on",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<suggested-order><discworld><terry-pratchett>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2416",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1017/Justin C"
} | 73_16 | [
[
"Suggestions for an introduction to Discworld include The Colour of Magic; Wyrd Sisters; Soul Music; Witches; Abroad; Small Gods; Mort Introduces Death; Guards!; Good Omens; Equal Rites; Wee Free Men; Feet of Clay; Pyramids; and Thief of Time.",
"Very different opinions exist on which Terry Pratchett book should serve as an introduction to his works. Suggestions include Guards!, Wyrd Sisters, Pyramids and Small Gods, among others."
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"Very different opinions exist on which Terry Pratchett book should serve as an introduction to his works. Suggestions include Guards!, Wyrd Sisters, Pyramids and Small Gods, among others."
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"text": "Yes, the order does matter.",
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"text": "As pointed out in this answer , it appeared that at first glance, Chloe can't do math.",
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"text": "The number of gates just appears to be far too few, she states that there is a 1 in 63 billion chance of randomly dialing a particular stargate.",
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"text": "However, given 38 chevrons, and 7 random dials, that gives the number 38!/31!, or 63,606,090,240.",
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"text": "Thus mathematically and given some random facts in episodes, the order must be important.",
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"text": "Note that the 39th one is unique to each site, and thus isn't included in the calculation.",
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"text": "I have to disagree with Dima - the order of glyphs MUST matter.",
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"text": "My rationale is as follows: We have often seen people having to rush to dial the gate.",
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"text": "They've been taking fire, Jaffa/Wraith/Replicators closing in.",
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"text": "The team has seconds left, and they're trying to dial as quickly as possible.",
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"text": "They dial a few glyphs, then frantically search, hit another glyph, and then quickly punch in 3 more (ending with the Point of Origin), hit the central crystal, and the gate opens.",
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{
"text": "SG-1 is saved!",
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"text": "It's a scene we see literally dozens of times over the course of SG-1, and at least several times in the Atlantis episodes I've seen.",
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"text": "It would make no sense for people to waste precious time looking for a particular symbol as the 3rd, or 4th, etc, if the order wasn't important.",
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"text": "So, while there's no logical reason, based on Daniel Jackson's original theory of addresses (6 points to define a 3D location, 7th for Point of Origin) for the order to matter, the character's repeated actions demonstrate that it is.",
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"text": "Edit:",
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"text": "Also, in the Atlantis pilot episode(s) \"Rising\", Ford memorizes the address the Wraith Darts dial, but he didn't memorize the order.",
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"text": "Sheppard and McKay discuss this, and Sheppard explicitly points out that they need the order.",
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"text": "McKay is initially dubious, but points out that knowing the symbols cuts down on the possible combinations.",
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"text": "There's a little humor in Sheppard having already done the math and being ready with the number (6! = 720).",
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"text": "As far as I remember, the glyphs represent stars, which are endpoints of line segments.",
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"text": "There are 3 pairs of glyphs, to represent 3 lines, whose intersection is your destination point.",
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"text": "(Come to think of it, you only need an intersection of two lines to define a point, but whatever...).",
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"text": "So, in that case, the glyphs must be grouped into pairs to represent the lines, and the point of origin must be last.",
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"text": "But the order of the pairs should not matter.",
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"text": "I suppose that it is simply more convenient to memorize a sequence of 7 glyphs in a particular order, which is why they always dial them in order.",
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"text": "Edit:I did not say the order did not matter at all.",
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"text": "You cannot shuffle the glyphs randomly, but you can shuffle them somewhat.",
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"text": "Let's formalize this.",
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"text": "Let's denote two glyphs defining a line segment as a_i and b_i, and let's denote the point of origin as o. One way to specify a valid gate address would be a1 b1 a2 b2 a3 b3",
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"text": "o",
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"text": "In this case, you should be able to swap corresponding a and b without changing the meaning, or you could swap (a_i b_i) and (a_j b_j) without changing the meaning.",
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"text": "Alternatively, you can use this convention:",
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"text": "a1 a2 a3 b1 b2 b3 o",
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"text": "Here again you should be able to swap corresponding a and b, or you can change the position of a pair.",
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"text": "In other words, a3 a2 a1 b3 b2 b1 o should still be a valid address.",
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"text": "This seems to correspond to @Jeff's observation.",
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"text": "Of course, you can come up with other conventions, but these two make the most sense to me.",
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"text": "They have to be in order according to the rules of the show, but it's one of the many bits of Stargate canon that makes little sense.",
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"text": "As previously answered, the points should be reversible, and only 4 of them would be necessary to calculate a point.",
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"text": "It should be noted, however, that calculating any specific position within an area of space using only 38 points within the area isn't possible,",
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"text": "only the 63 billion mentioned.",
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"text": "Sure, that sounds like a lot, but compared to the number of possible positions a gate could be in an area the size of our galaxy, it's ineffective.",
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"text": "Adding in the stellar drift, the address system should not be adequate as described. (Though since the gate can identify one end by point of origin and needs the 6-symbol coordinates for the other, and also given the correlative update system mentioned in some of the episodes, it would seem the gates",
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"text": "all know each other's positions anyway, and the address is little more than a simplified way to enter the destination",
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"text": "(basically the naming system mentioned near the end of season 7.)",
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"text": "I suppose it could be seen as a password system, as well.",
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"text": "Of course, given that they calculate planet locations with the gate addresses in some episodes, the science/simple logic comes into play anyway.",
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"text": "Just one of the heap of plot holes in the franchise (and one of the many they've made fun of themselves for, if I remember correctly.)",
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"text": "The spoken word version of the planet with the ZPM was",
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"text": "Pac La Rush Ta On As At (Paclarush Taonas also means \"Lost in Fire\" in Ancient.)",
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"text": "Also, the symbols can be spoken, remember.",
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"text": "I recall that hell planet with the zpm that SG1 needed to power the chair on earth, that they didn't know was there, my episode knowledge is shaky. :)",
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] | {
"question": "Excepting the final glyph for point of origin, does the order of the glyphs matter when dialing a Stargate? I don't recall ever seeing someone dial an address out of order, or directly commenting on order mattering. Looking at the design of a DHD, it would seem like it doesn't matter, as there's no indicator on the DHD itself of the order of glyphs.",
"title": "Does the order of glyphs matter in Stargate addresses?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stargate>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2432",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 73_17 | [
[
"The order of the glyphs does matter, and people look for particular symbols in order.",
"The order of glyphs does matter and it is canon even though it makes no sense. Clearly people would not waste time trying to look for specific symbols if the order was not important."
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"The order of glyphs does matter and it is canon even though it makes no sense. Clearly people would not waste time trying to look for specific symbols if the order was not important."
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"text": "One good reason is - why?",
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"text": "How were the goa'uld to know, of all the worlds with humans on them, that Earth would advance so far technologically?",
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"text": "The Stargate RPG sourcebook (which I believe at one point was canon but is not anymore) insinuates that the human uprising was part of a long period of internal struggle started by Egeria and the tok'ra.",
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"text": "Probably dozens of worlds rebelled.",
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"text": "Given that Ra (and the System Lords under him) controlled hundreds or thousands of worlds, if one day they find that the Earth gate is not dialing -",
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"text": "so what?",
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"text": "They know that humans originally came from Earth, but they have plenty of breeding stock for implantation elsewhere.",
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"text": "If the planet is just going to give you trouble, you don't need anything there, and you've already got a civil war going, you're going to want to put resources where it matters.",
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"text": "In fact, Earth didn't advance that far - Tollana and presumably Serita, for example, advanced much further.",
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"text": "Langara was almost as advanced, and far more resource-rich.",
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"text": "There's nothing inherently special about Earth that they'd know which would make them want to go back.",
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"text": "(The exception would be Anubis, who knew about the Ancients, but didn't act until much later.)",
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"text": "Finally, who's to say they didn't try?",
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"text": "The beta gate was buried at Antarctica.",
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"text": "If the goa'uld had tried to send some soldiers back, they would've ended up like O'Neill and Carter - stuck under a mountain of ice with an unpowered DHD, and it's unlikely they'd be smart enough to repair it .",
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"text": "If the soldiers went through and didn't come back, that's all the more reason for the goa'uld to just write off the world as lost.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Actually Everyone is forgetting the Stargate SG-1 \"Demons.\"",
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"text": "There SG-1 encounters a population of Goa'uld slaves who were taken from medieval Europe by Sokar.",
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"text": "Daniel speculates that they were taken through the Antarctic gate.",
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"text": "So riddle me this: Why were the Goa'uld still harvesting humans from Earth AFTER the Alpha Gate was buried and the Earth Rebellion?",
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"text": "Granted, Sokar was a black sheep and already overthrown by Ra, it's possible that he discovered Earth on his own hook and acted accordingly, but the question remains: if Goa'uld of any stripe were able to use the Beta Gate, why did they stop coming?",
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"text": "For that matter, why did Sokar?",
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"text": "There must be some aspect of the human rebellion on Earth that kept the Goa'uld away for all those millenia.",
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"text": "Otherwise, why didn't Ra just send a few Ha'taks after the Alpha gate was buried?",
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"text": "As far as I know, this plot hole has never been addressed, and the Beta gate just makes it worse.",
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"text": "We can infer that there may have been something protecting Earth during this time though.",
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"text": "10,000 years ago, some Ancients returned to Earth from the Pegasus galaxy.",
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"text": "5,000 years ago, the rebellion on Earth scared off the Goa'uld (see the SG-1 2-parter, Moebius).",
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"text": "After returning from the Pegasus galaxy, some of the Ancients took part in the Alliance between themselves, the Nox, the Furlings, and the Asgard.",
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"text": "For some reason, they didn't remove the Goa'uld from Earth, but some settled in and mated with the humans on Earth.",
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"text": "However, for the Asgard to influence Norse religions, it stands to reason they may have protected Earth.",
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"text": "This isn't canon",
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"text": "and I'm mixing in actual history, so",
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"text": "things are going to get weird, but looking at the Wikipedia pages for Scandinavian history, the earliest indications of something resembling the later Norse mythology that has Thor, Loki, Odin, etc.",
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"text": "Maybe they started protecting Earth from Goa'uld attacks then, but that leaves Earth not safe for over 1000 years.",
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"text": "Potentially other races in the Alliance protected us earlier, without any indication showing up in the historical record.",
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"text": "We know that putting an iris on a gate will essentially kill a person who tries to enter the gate.",
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"text": "I'm assuming that burying the gate will have done something quite similar to this, made anyone who tried to use it die.",
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"text": "Secondly, it seems like it's rather difficult to dial the Beta Gate, and that it's only a set of coincidences that caused it to work right in the first place.",
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"text": "Lastly, we know the DHD was buried rather deep in the ice, so most likely anyone who happened on to the beta gate would have died.",
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"text": "Putting all of this together, it seems likely that no one even knew of the Beta Gate's existence, that traveling to Earth through the stargate was essentially impossible.",
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"text": "They wouldn't have known if anyone had succeed in dialing Earth, either way, they were dead.",
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"text": "This is admittedly a short and unverifiable answer, but my personal view has always been that the Antarctic gate remained buried for the majority of the intervening time, until random movement of the ice (earthquakes and whatnot) happened to unearth it.",
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"text": "Under this theory, Jack and Sam would have mistakenly arrived through it within a reasonably short time thereafter (say, a few hundred years).",
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"text": "Recall that this gate was originally unreachable (hence the transplantation by Ra of the Giza gate)",
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"text": "This doesn't quite gel with those buried Jaffa, though.",
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"question": "The Beta gate, so far as I can tell, has been in Antarctica functioning for thousands of years. Why didn't the Goa'uld invade Earth through the beta gate at some point in time? Or am I just misunderstanding how two gates on the same planet work?",
"title": "Why did the Goa'uld not invade Earth through the Beta gate?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stargate><stargate-sg1>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2563",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/98/PearsonArtPhoto"
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[
"It seems likely that no one even knew of the Beta Gate's existence, and that traveling to Earth through the stargate was essentially impossible. it also seems rather difficult to dial the Beta Gate, and that it was only a set of coincidences that caused it to work correctly in the first place. We know the DHD was buried deep in the ice, so anyone who happened on to the beta gate probably would have died. It may also be the case that there may have been nothing inherently special about Earth that would make them want to go back, or there may be some aspect of the human rebellion on Earth that kept the Goa'uld away for all those millennia.",
"Either the Goa'uld had no interest in returning to Earth or the human rebellion kept them away for some reason. Regarding the Beta Gate, it was buried deep in the ice and therefore anyone arriving at it would probably die. Moreover, it seems likely that its existence was unknown."
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"It is possible the the Goa'uld had no interest in returning to Earth or the human rebellion kept them away.",
"The Beta Gate was buried deep in the ice so anyone arriving at it would have died. It was also difficult to dial. It also seems probable that nobody knew of its existence."
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"sents": [
{
"text": "E E \"Doc\" Smiths Lensmen series (published between 1934 and 1948) included fictional profanity, at least in passing.",
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"text": "There's a scene where someone is transcribing a conversation in an alien tongue where one of the parties blanches at the use of an insult, the strongest in the language.",
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"text": "In english it was something like \"Shronizfied\" with the meaning \"descended from countless generations of muck living flatworm\" .",
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"text": "I'll dig the books out of storage and see if I can find an exact quote.",
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"text": "Nice to have a reason to re-read a classic ...",
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"text": ";-) ]",
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"text": "Anthony Burgess' \"",
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"text": "A Clockwork Orange\" was written in 1962, and contained an entire lexicon of \"Nadsat\" slang.",
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"text": "Some of those words are clearly intended as profanities.",
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"text": "Aldus Huxley's \"Brave New World\" predates that by quite a bit (1931), but I'd say its debatable whether the terminology in there really equates to profanity (\"Gamma minus\", a designation from the novel's caste system, is probably the closest thing to a profanity, although \"soma\", the name given to a fictional drug, is probably the most clearly \"made-up\" word).",
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"text": "There may very well be other examples, but these are the ones I could think of.",
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"text": "While I think it's a great question, I'm not sure we'll get a real, definitive answer.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In Foundation and Empire (1952) Asimov use the word Galaxy as an obscenity, often emphasizing the middle syllable (gal-LAX-y).",
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"text": "While not a fictional word, it is a fictional obscenity.",
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"text": "Larry Niven was using the term \"TANJ\" in the Known Space universe in the mid to late 60's.",
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"text": "There Aint no Justice",
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"text": "I'm sure there are works prior to that though.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In Glory Road Robert Heinlein does actually discuss the use of profanity, and uses a word he considers profane.",
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"text": "Courtesy of Google Book Search",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Mork and Mindy had Shazbott that's 1978.",
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"text": "Probably not the oldest but definitely an example of it.",
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"text": "In \"I Will Fear No Evil\" Heinlein used the word \"kark\" as an expletive.",
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"text": "Now a Google search reveals that it is all over the Star Wars universe.",
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"text": "What gives?",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In Triplanetary, Ralph Kinnison describes an incompetent official (to his face) as lacking \"the brains that God gave bastard geese in Ireland\".",
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"text": "One of the more original bits of invective.",
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"question": "There's a tradition of sorts in sci-fi where aliens or future humans use profanity that doesn't exist in the real world. I'm curious when this started. Which story or novel is the first time the writer made up profanity? It's acceptable if they used real profanity in addition to their made up profanity.",
"title": "What's the first instance of fictional profanity in sci-fi?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<story-identification><languages><history>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2701",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
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" E E \"Doc\" Smith's \"Lensmen\" series (published between 1934 and 1948) included fictional profanity. \"A Clockwork Orange\" was written in 1962, and contained an entire lexicon of \"Nadsat\" slang. In \"Foundation and Empire\" (1952), Asimov used the word Galaxy as an obscenity, often emphasizing the middle syllable (gal-LAX-y). \"Mork and Mindy\" used \"Shazbott\" in 1978. Finally, in \"I Will Fear No Evil\", Heinlein used the word \"kark\" as an expletive. ",
"Many books vie for the prize of first made up profanity including \"Clockwork Orange\", \"I will Fear NO Evil\" and \"Triplanetary\". It seems the oldest is the Lensmen series published in 1934 and 1948. "
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"Many books vie for the prize of first made up profanity including \"Clockwork Orange\", \"I will Fear NO Evil\" and \"Triplanetary\". It seems the oldest is the Lensmen series published in 1934 and 1948. "
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"text": "According to the Wikipedia article List of Firefly planets and moons , there are actually five stars and seven brown dwarfs in the 34 Tauri (the name of the system).",
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"text": "The Complete and Official Map of The Verse by Geoffrey Mandel as specified in the Wikipedia article.",
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"text": "They were terraformed, as mentioned in the Train Job.",
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"text": "According to the RPG, admittedly a source of dubious canonicity:",
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"text": "More importantly,according to the interview on the Serenity Blue Ray, Joss stuck to the rule of Drama when creating the verse, not to the rule of Science.",
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"text": "I do agree to some extent that a larger sun with a higher metal index could have both a much wider habitable zone and a greater number of planet.",
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"text": "If one could some how control gravity without too much effort the depthof atmosphere could be controlled.",
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"text": "Some feel Sol could have a life supportingplanet beyond Mars if the planet was larger and the right atmosphere depthand gas mixture.",
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"text": "Our galaxy is currently 'eating' the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy.",
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"text": "It is feasible that during one (or more) of the passes, planets were captured from other systems that were within 5 degrees of the ecliptic to the (Firefly) system.",
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"text": "This would, in fact, produce exactly the type of orbital path distribution seen in the movie Serenity.",
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"text": "If the star is a blue-white, the star itself would be a pin-prick in the sky, but the light perceived by the human eye (with its self-regulating photo-limiter) would seem to be the same whether on an inner or outer system within the habitable zone.",
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"question": "Is there an in-universe explanation for how it is that the outer planets in Firefly all seem to have temperate climate zones, despite their distance from the sun? I am assuming here that the outer planets (or moons) must be farther away from their star than Saturn is from our sun. They should all be frozen, with seas of liquid methane, like Titan.",
"title": "How is it that the outer planets in Firefly are not frozen?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2773",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/638/Dima"
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"The planets most distant from the sun must have more greenhouse gases in their atmospheres, or they have warmer cores that leak heat to the surface, keeping it nice and warm.",
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"text": "The disconnection of networks is explained in the miniseries that starts the reboot - the Galactica was one of the only remaining warships that was not networked - and this is what saved it from the malware portion of the Cylon attack.",
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"text": "The newer ships, connected using some sort of advanced networking, were infected by the Cylons, and so destroyed.",
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"text": "Some humans knew that technology could - maybe must - lead to the destruction of their race, e.g. by creating the Cylons (workers who later devastatingly rebelled).",
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"text": "As such, there was distrust of advanced technology - Adama, in particular, expresses this a lot early in the series (he had a lot of experience with the Cylons from the earlier war).",
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"text": "The Galactica was his command (for around three years prior to the start of the series), so the lack of the most recent technology makes sense.",
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"text": "In addition, the Galactica was 50 years old -",
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"text": "As a result, the technology on board was not as recent as that on the colonies - and this was supplemented by what survivors of a genocidal attack happened to have.",
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"text": "They didn't have time to develop or build new technology during the events of the series, or foreknowledge to pack every high-tech device they might need aboard these ships.",
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"text": "I can't remember where I saw it, might have been a behind the scenes show on sci-fi channel, but there was an interview with Moore that he talked a few minutes about the tech of BSG.",
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"text": "He explained that one of the goals of the reboot of BSG was to keep the technology simple and close to current day \"realistic\" idea of technology.",
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"text": "Obviously, they had to fudge some stuff with FTL drives and the likes but otherwise he said they didn't want technology to get in the way of the story.",
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"text": "Apart from being old.",
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"text": "Galactica was designed that way.",
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"text": "Because Cylons are machines they can easily use and manipulate advanced technology (so the theory goes) Because of this Galactica was designed with the lisede technology possible so it can do the job but nothing more so it is relatively safe from the Cylon interference.",
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"text": "It is not even networked so even if its captured it will not contaminate other ships.",
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"text": "Was anyone here actually impressed with any of their spaceships?",
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"text": "None of them were built for anything beyond a cruise around the 12 Colonies.",
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"text": "And with the exception of the two warships we saw (Galactica and Pegasus), none of them were any good at handling battle damage.",
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"text": "They no doubt retained some of the technology they had at the time of the founding of the Colonies (some of which may have come from the Lords of Kobol), but I don't get the impression that their technology advanced very much after that, until recently.",
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"text": "In fact, do we have any reason to believe that they came from Kobol in FTL-capable ships?",
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"text": "They may have only developed FTL in recent centuries, and it clearly wasn't cheap enough to put on every ship, \"just in case\".",
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"text": "We know nothing about their FTL technology -- maybe it is fairly simple, either because this is a property of BSG universe or just we are missing something obvious (there was a short story about Earth being attacked by antigravity-",
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"text": "and FTL- capable creatures of an overall middle ages level, but I can't recall the title now :-( ).",
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"text": "Also, the technology development path is rather a tree than a ladder -- some branches may greatly overtake the others, especially with some directed stimuli (for instance rocket technology development during the cold war).",
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"text": "One simple explanation could be economics and expectation.",
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"text": "It could perhaps be very expensive/uncommon to build portable weapons out of plastic, so you expect x-ray machines to be able to detect almost all weapons.",
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"text": "Similarly, you may not expect infiltration from enemies so your security apparatus may be geared toward heavy-duty attacks.",
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"text": "Remember that even the military has to pay in one form or another for things it builds and operates, so they prefer inexpensive things like cables instead of wi-fi.",
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"text": "The galactica was the oldest remaining ship in the colonial fleet at the time of the attack it was 50 years old the computer systems were neither networked nor integrated during these refits due to the fears of its commander, William Adama.",
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"text": "Due to this lack of network integration at the time of the Cylon attack, Galactica was unaffected by the infiltration program used by the Cylons to disable Colonial vessels and defense systems, using the Command Navigation Program (CNP), developed by Dr. Gaius Baltar and subverted by Cylon operative Number Six as a back door into such systems.",
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"question": "On one hand, residents of the Twelve colonies perfected travel in spaceships and FTL jumps, but on the other hand, they have some really low-tech technologies, such as disconnecting a network by pulling at a lot of cables [ 1 ], or having no better way of checking for weapons other than the x-ray machines [ 2 ]. Can that be explained by something other than flawed writing?",
"title": "Why is there a lot of low-tech in Battlestar Galactica?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<technology><battlestar-galactica><spaceship>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2795",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1439/Innab"
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[
"Adama expresses a distrust of advanced technology early in the series. In addition, they may not have had time to develop or build new technology during the events of the series, or foreknowledge to pack every high-tech device they might need aboard these ships. Also, one of the goals of the reboot was to keep the technology simple and close to current day \"realistic\" idea of technology. One theory is that because Cylons are machines, they can easily use and manipulate advanced technology. Therfore, Galactica was designed with the least technology possible so it can do the job but nothing more, making it relatively safe from Cylon interference.",
"The idea of Battlestar Galactica was to keep technology \"realistic\" for its then audience. In the show, there was distrust of technology. Moreover, the Cylons, being machines found advanced technology easy to manipulate. However, they found low-tech mush more difficult to infiltrate. "
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"There was distrust of advanced technology and there was also no time to develop new technology the events of the series.",
"The idea of the show was to keep the technology \"realistic\" for the current day audience.",
"Technology could be expensive and they only built what hey thought they needed.",
"The Cylons were machines and thus could easily manipulate advanced technology. By keeping the technology simple, it was more difficult for the Cylons to infiltrate."
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"text": "In the documentary Wishful Drinking , Carrie Fisher brings up her changing accent.",
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"text": "I had never noticed that before, but it would fit the story.",
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"text": "The pseudo-British accent is heard coming from just about every character that is a part of the Empire.",
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"text": "At the beginning of episode IV Leia is still attempting to act undercover as part of a \"diplomatic mission\".",
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"text": "Once out of the undercover environment, and safely around the resistance, her speaking would shift back towards the more American accent used by most of the rebels.",
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"text": "In-universe, the British accent is called Coruscanti , and it was often adopted to give the speaker an air of authority and/or political legitimacy during the days of the Empire.",
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"text": "The difference in Leia's accent is referenced in the novel Backlash by Aaron Allston.",
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"text": "In the excerpt below, two Imperials are watching a holo-recording recovered from the first Death Star, one taken moments before the destruction of Alderaan:",
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"text": "Its pitch was a touch higher, and it carried the clipped tones of the Coruscanti accent, nearly identical to Tarkin's, that so many Senators and other politicians affected back in the days of the Empire, even when they were not from Coruscant.",
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"text": "No.",
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"text": "You can't possibly—\" Tarkin's voice turned harsh, commanding.",
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"text": "\"You would prefer another target?",
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"text": "Then name the system!\"",
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"text": "Out-of-universe, as explained in the accepted answer, actress Carrie Fisher had been living in England and adopted a British accent prior to shooting, and gradually lost it during production.",
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"text": "In universe, the newly canonical explanation is provided in Bloodline : according to this book, Leia spoke that way to mock Tarkin.",
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"text": "Casterfo had the same sort of aristocratic accent Grand Moff Tarkin had spoken in, the one so many senior Imperial officers affected, the one she’d mocked when she and Tarkin last stood face-to-face.",
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"text": "- Star Wars: Journey to the Force Awakens: Bloodline , by Claudia Gray",
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"text": "Leia grew up as a princess on Alderaan, which as we all knew developed an accent similar to our \"British\" accent.",
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"text": "But when the evil Lord Vader blew that planet up all traces of that accent were wiped out from the universe save for the few fledging survivors that were scattered throughout the universe at the time.",
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"text": "And since in the Star Wars universe, traits of the people are only able to carry when there is a large group of people to carry those traits, all learned traits of Alderaan vanished with the planet.",
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"text": "So after the planet was destroyed the accent slipped away from Leia like the other traits of Alderaan (of which I'm sure she didn't miss: the propensity to hoard, be extremely frugal, and get really sad when it rains of a Tuesday.",
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"text": "And since she was a mixed native of Tatooine and Naboo, those inherent traits came back (less bun-hair, more hardass, also a desire for incest, strangely enough).",
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"text": "It's well documented that David Prowse was doing a voice for Darth Vader at the time, but that his west-country accent made him more \"Darth Farmer\" than \"Darth Vader\".",
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"text": "In Episode IV, Carrie Fisher pronounces Han Solo's first name as if he were the leader of the Han Dynasty.",
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"text": "In Episode V, she picks up Billy Dee Williams' accent and pronounces \"Han\" as to rhyme with Peter \"Pan.\"",
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"question": "In the first 30 minutes of Star Wars IV, Leia has a pseudo-British accent. As the movie progresses she loses her accent and gets a more American-tough girl accent. Is there a reason behind this?",
"title": "Why does Leia's accent change during A New Hope?",
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"question_tags": "<star-wars><a-new-hope><accent>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2903",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1522/riv_rec"
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" In-universe, the British accent is called Coruscanti , and it was often adopted to give the speaker an air of authority and/or political legitimacy during the days of the Empire. When Alderaan was blown up by Vader, most traces of that accent were wiped out, apart from a few survivors. Out-of-universe, actress Carrie Fisher had been living in England and adopted a British accent prior to shooting, and gradually lost it during production.",
"Leia's accent has roots both in and out-of-universe. In-universe, she grew up with a Coruscanti accent and lost it when the planet was blown up. Out-of-universe, the actress who played Leia had spent time in England and picked up a British accent."
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"In-universe, the British accent is called Coruscanti and was used to give an air of authority. Leia was a princess of Alderaan and grew up with that accent. However, the accent was lost when the planet was blown up by Lord Vader. Leia's accent is referenced in the novel \"Backlash\" by Aaron Allston. ",
"Out-of-universe, Carri Fisher, the actress who played Leia had been living in England and picked up a British accent."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A Hedge Knight is an individual who has been dubbed as a knight, but does not owe his allegiance to any master.",
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"text": "I guess Hedge Wizard is about the same.",
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"text": "George R. R. Martin actually uses the term The Hedge Knight for the title of one of his short stories.",
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"text": "Update:",
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"text": "I'm not too up on medieval history, but the idea of a roving knight doesn't crop up too much from what I remember -",
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"text": "so I think it is something in-world.",
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"text": "I certainly haven't seen Hedge Knight used outside of Martin's works.",
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"text": "It's a real term that Martin is using for his world.",
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"text": "\"Hedge\" refers to knights with no masters sleeping outdoors under hedgerows, because they can't afford anything else.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In general, \"Hedge Wizard\" refers to either a peasant wizard or a dispossessed apprentice of a wizard who has come to function on his own.",
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"text": "In many fantasy settings, it refers to a wizard who is neither a member of the wizard's guild, nor possessed of a license to practice.",
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"text": "A hedge knight is a person, who having been dubbed a knight (elevated to knighthood), but not then sworn to the knighting lord, nor to any of his vassals.",
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"text": "The term is reputed to refer to sleeping in the hedges, but as often as not, those hedges marked the boundaries of particular fields or orchards, and could just as easily apply to one camped just beyond, or even living in the peasant villages who worked those fields.",
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"text": "In either case, the term is derogatory in most contexts, as the implication of living in/under the hedges puts one as poorer than a peasant, as even the poorest peasants had a place to build a hut.",
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"text": "What is a Hedge Knight?",
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"text": "A Hedge Knight is a Knight who does not have service with any Lord and does not posses land himself from a Lord.",
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"text": "Why are they called \"Hedge Knights\"?",
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"text": "In Chapter 71 of ADWD, Daenerys recalls following:",
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"text": "Viserys told her tales of knights so poor that they had to sleep beneath the ancient hedges that grew along the byways of the Seven Kingdoms.",
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"text": "Dany would have given much and more for a nice thick hedge.",
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"text": "Preferably one without an anthill.",
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"text": "As they have no lands or service with a landed Aristocrat, they do not have any housing facility.",
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"text": "Therefore they have to roam the seven Kingdoms in search of service (whether permanent or temporary).",
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"text": "Because they have no liege lord to pay them and chances of finding temporary services are not very high, these knights are usually low on money and can't afford to live in inns.",
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"text": "So where do they sleep?",
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"text": "Outdoors!",
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"text": "Specifically, under hedges.",
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"text": "Contrary to the apparent impression, Hedges in Westeros are actually very good places to sleep.",
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"text": "The older the hedge is, the better it is.",
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"text": "Is the word \"Hedge\" pejorative?",
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"text": "In our world, the prefix \"Hedge\" would roughly translate to Hobo which most certainly is pejorative.",
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"text": "It implies that the said person is landless, jobless, homeless and poor.",
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"text": "So what is Hedge Wizard then?",
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"text": "Unlike Knighthood, Wizardry is not an established institute in Westeros.",
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"text": "Cynical people would mock men claiming to be wizards as frauds while gullible people would believe their claims.",
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"text": "If someone is a Hedge Wizard, that means he is also landless, serviceless, poor and homeless, while maintaining that he is a wizard.",
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"text": "Martin often makes slight alterations to historic terminology to make his world unique from ours, for example using \"Banner\" to refer to a Knight Banneret.",
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"text": "The historic \"hedge knight\" was never referred as such, but, rather, as condottiere (Italian) or compagnies grandes (French).",
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"text": "Sir Walter Scott eventually gave them the English name \"Freelance\" in Ivanhoe.",
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"text": "It refers to a knight who is not committed to any particular liege, and is thus free to offer (and often sell) his services.",
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"text": "Martin splits them into two categories; those ennobled and those not ennobled.",
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"text": "The former is a hedge knight, while the latter is a free rider.",
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"text": "Hedge wizard, as I've always known it, refers to a self-taught wizard, as opposed to one who apprenticed under another wizard.",
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"text": "A good parallel in real life history would be the distinction between a Samurai and a Ronin in Fuedal Japan.",
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"text": "One pledges fealty to a feudal lord and the other has no master.",
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"text": "A knight in Martin's works refers to a person annointed in the 7 oils, stands vigil in a sept, and takes the knight's vows.",
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"text": "The baseborn (concieved out of wedlock) cannot become knights.",
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"text": "A hedge knight is the lowest rung on the knightly totem pole, so to speak.",
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"text": "They differ from landed knights in that they hold no lands and swear fealty to no lord.",
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"text": "However, they may become sworn swords if, during some campaign, a lord wishes to increase his numbers and accepts the hedge knight's oath.",
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"text": "After serving as a sworn sword, the knight generally adopts the lifestyle of a hedge knight again.",
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"text": "It would be misleading to think of hedge knights as being similar to ronin.",
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"text": "There are some superficial similarities (the gentry hold them in ill regard, and they use their martial prowess to make money), but the best way to gain insight into the meaning of \"hedge knight\" is to learn about knights, not by comparing them to ronin.",
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"text": "I won't go into detail, as your question doesn't concern ronin, but a little research into ronin warriors will give you the info you need to make the distinction yourself.",
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"text": "It's similar to a Japanese samurai ronin.",
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"text": "A hedge knight is essentially a roaming sellsword (they all love to call themselves \"Ser So-and-so\"), but in Martin's works the lack of common Rule of Law and the depressing lack of honor make the vast majority of hedge knights seem to be only barely above the level of brigands.",
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] | {
"question": "Reading the Ice and Fire books, I keep on coming across the term Hedge Knight (and, also, the apparently pejorative, Hedge Wizard). What specifically does the prefix Hedge refer to?",
"title": "What is a Hedge Knight?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<game-of-thrones><a-song-of-ice-and-fire>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2925",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/34/johnc"
} | 73_25 | [
[
"A Hedge Knight is a Knight who does not have service with any Lord and does not posses land himself from a Lord. Viserys told her tales of knights so poor that they had to sleep beneath the ancient hedges. If someone is a Hedge Wizard, that means he is also landless, serviceless, poor and homeless, while maintaining that he is a wizard. These wizards may also be self-taught. In either case, the term is derogatory, as the implication is that the person is poorer than a peasant, equivalent to \"hobo\" in current terminology.",
"Hedge is a derogatory term,corresponding to the modern term \"Hobo\". Both Hedge Knights and Hedge Wizards are poor. Hedge Knights serve no master and sleep under headges. Hedge Wizards are wizards who are self-taught rather than having served as an apprentice to another wizard."
]
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"A Hedge Knight is a knight with no master. They are poor and sleep under hedges, hence Hedge Knight.",
"A Hedge Wizard is either a peasant wizard or a wizard who is self-taught rather than serving as an apprentice to another wizard.",
"The term \"Hedge\" is derogatory and corresponds to the modren-day term \"Hobo\""
]
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"sents": [
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"text": "In A New Hope, he translates R2D2 while they're on the Death Star and R2's getting information from the computers.",
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"text": "Early in Return of the Jedi, while he's working for Jabba.",
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"text": "Later in that film he translates Ewok into Basic, AND provides protocol information about why his friends are going to be killed and cooked.",
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"text": "If I remember correctly he does some translation in the beginning of A New Hope .",
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"text": "He translates some of R2D2's talks especially while Jawas are selling the droids to them.",
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"text": "Remember we never see (except possibly during the closing scenes of RotJ)",
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"text": "C3PO in a setting where his function as a protocol droid would be beneficial.",
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"text": "His job is as a court functionary, not a fugitive smuggler or warrior in a rebel band.",
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"text": "As to everyone speaking common, Jabba the Hut didn't.",
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"text": "Nor did several of the people in Mos Eisley so not everyone in the SW universe speaks the same language.",
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"text": "The fact that everyone (or almost) the main characters come into contact with does may be either a fluke or designed that way to make the movies easier on the audience.",
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"text": "A conversation that takes over twice as long as it should because every sentence has to go through a translator doesn't make for very good cinema after all, so I call artistic license here.",
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"text": "The fact that Leia had a protocol/translator droid with her on her diplomatic mission indicates to me that she did expect to need those services in some capacity.",
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"text": "This answer addresses both the original question (e.g. whether C3PO ever did his job) as well as clarifies the discussion in the comments on whether his job was \"protocol\" as in communications protocol or \"protocol\" as in diplomatic protocol (e.g. etiquette).",
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"text": "The short answer to the latter is that it was the latter (etiquette) but as part of that purpose he was definitely designed as a specialist in communications protocol.",
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"text": "He was the protocol (in diplomatic sense)",
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"text": "droid, both by design and sometimes (relatively rarely) by function.",
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"text": "This was noted in post-ROTJ books, as well as the following source quoted in Wikipedia: in 1977, Lucas provided a guide for early Expanded Universe creators, in which Threepio's origin on Affa was established, and also the fact that he was \"totally reassembled by a young boy working for a junk dealer\" before joining the Alderaanian diplomatic corps \"several years\" later .",
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"text": "Also, from starwars.com Protocol droids are vital in smoothing differences encountered by the many farflung cultures interacting on a regular basis throughout the galaxy.",
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"text": "Programmed in etiquette and equipped with formidable language skills, protocol droids assist diplomats and politicians and also serve as administrative aides and companions for high-ranking officials.",
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"text": "he actually fulfilled that diplomatic function (as opposed to simple translator) a couple of times when Leia was serving as official of New Republic.",
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"text": "I don't have specific book quotes but Wiki C3PO article lists a couple of obviously diplomatic assignments.",
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"text": "In the original trilogy, he does his job in each of the three movies.",
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"text": "Episode IV",
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"text": "Translating R2D2's beeping-whistle language for Luke.",
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"text": "Specifically, translating R2's warning about the approaching life forms (Sand People) on Tattooine.",
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"text": "And most importantly, telling Luke that R2 has located Princess Leia aboard the Death Star.",
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"text": "Episode V Speaking with the Millenium Falcon to help diagnose its problemswhile in the asteroid field.",
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"text": "Translating the language of love between Han and Leia, and interceding at the most inappropriate time for the two of them.",
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"text": "Episode VI",
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"text": "This is where C3P0 really gets to shine.",
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"text": "Translating for Jabba the Hutt, which while not exactly heroic,",
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"text": "IShis job as a translator.",
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"text": "Translating the Ewok language for therebel strike team.",
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"text": "Most importantly, translating the strike teamfor the Ewoks, and convincing them that he is a Golden God of greatpower and anger.",
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"text": "I can't recall him doing any sort of translating in the prequel trilogy though, not even for R2.",
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"text": "Though presumably he may have, at some point, acted as translator for Owen Larrs.",
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"text": "And at the beginning of Episode 3, he's clearly working for Padme in some regard, though we never see any of it on-screen.",
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] | {
"question": "C-3PO is a protocol droid that is fluent in over six million forms of communication, but it seems like everyone in the galaxy can understand every other language. Has C-3PO ever had to translate? I do recall him translating R2's beeps at one point, but I'm not positive.",
"title": "Does C-3PO ever do his job?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><languages><droids>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/2948",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1522/riv_rec"
} | 73_26 | [
[
"He does translate in all of the movies in the original trilogy. For example, In A New Hope, he translates R2D2 while they are on the Death Star and R2-D2 is getting information from the computers. He also translates for R2D2 when Jawas are selling the droids to them. He later translates Ewok into Basic, and provides protocol information about why his friends are going to be killed and cooked.",
"C-3PO does his job in all movies of the original trilogy. He translates Ewok into Basic and translates for R2D2."
]
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"C-3PO does his job in all movies of the original trilogy. He translates Ewok into Basic and translates for R2D2."
]
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The most common suggestion for the third head is Tyrion.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/23/Mike Scott",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Now that A Dance with Dragons has been released",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "I believe it's worth adding another answer to this question.",
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"text": "A Dance with Dragons spoiler",
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"text": "It seems more likely now that one of the dragons is Aegon Targaryen.",
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"text": "Aegon Targaryen was the second child and only son of Prince Rhaegar Targaryen and Elia Martell.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "It is revealed that the baby murdered during the Sack of King's Landing was that of a peasant who Lord Varys put in the cot.",
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"text": "Varys then hid baby Aegon.",
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{
"text": "When Robert Baratheon and the realm falsely believed him dead, Varys had agents smuggle him across the narrow sea.",
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{
"text": "Aegon_Targaryen @",
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{
"text": "asoif wiki .",
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{
"text": "Also It now seems possible, although not certain, that Jon Snow isn't one of the three; so the other answers could still be just as accurate.",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "While Mike's answer is correct , I want to say that most of the discussions seem to be weak.",
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"text": "I believe it much more likely that Daenerys' brother was the third head.",
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"text": "After all, nowhere does it say that one of the heads can't die after he/",
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"text": "she is born.",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In Book 4, Maester Aemon, dying, says to Sam that he thought he'd be the third.",
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"text": "Spoiler:",
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"text": "It has been discussed.",
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"text": "The most popular contenders for the third head are: 1.",
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{
"text": "Tyrion (he has a fascination with dragons, also there is a theory that Tyrion may unknowingly be the son of Aerys and Joanna) 2.",
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"text": "Bran (he's a powerful warg and maybe dragons can be warged, also he has a connection with 'flying') 3.",
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"text": "Aegon (though there is some speculation that he may not actually be Aegon Targaryen)",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/13175/Lysa",
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] | {
"question": "In the series A Song of Ice and Fire , dragons always occur in groups of three - The three conquering dragons, the three eggs etc. Somewhere, it's also implied that there should be three dragon-controllers (I forgot where, but this is what I remember). So if Danaerys is one, Jon the second. Who is the third head? Has there been any discussions about this somewhere?",
"title": "Who is the third head of the dragon?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<a-song-of-ice-and-fire>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3011",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/947/apoorv020"
} | 73_27 | [
[
"Suggestions for the third dragon head include Tyrion and Daenerys' brother.",
"Possible contenders for the third head of the dragon are: Tyrion, Aegon Targaryen and Daenery's brother."
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"Possible contenders for the third head of the dragon are: Tyrion, Aegon Targaryen and Daenery's brother."
]
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There's a difference between consciously and unconsciously knowing.",
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},
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"text": "No, she didn't consciously know this - i.e. she wasn't aware of it.",
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"text": "Leia meant that the connection she always felt towards Luke now made sense - the one that she originally misinterpreted as sexual love, but realised was (appropriately enough), sisterly love.",
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"text": "Even when Leia kissed Luke she had other motivation - to annoy Han in particular - this, combined with a sisterly love she didn't know was in fact a biological connection, was enough for a kiss.",
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "No.",
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{
"text": "She was not aware of the blood relationship at that time, though she certainly felt the connection that most fiction insists is there between twins.",
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"text": "She may also have felt a strong desire for him, as they are twins (and thus very similar in appearance, though the performers playing them are not).",
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"text": "People in general are attracted to people who bear a close resemblance to themselves, and they were separated literally from birth, preventing the Westermarck effect from occurring.",
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"text": "It's entirely likely that her 'always knowing' represents the way that the Force tried to guide her away from Luke, possibly directed thusly by the spirit of Kenobi.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Not consciously anyway.",
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"text": "She might have \"felt\" it somehow when she was kissing him.",
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"text": "At least that's the angle they usually spin on those kind of scenarios.",
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"text": "I'm sure I read somewhere that George Lucas didn't know they were going to be brother/sister when he wrote that scene.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Both Luke and Leia are, to some point, force-attuned.",
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"text": "This is proven when Leia is able to hear Luke calling out her name when Luke is hanging off of the antenna after he loses his hand in cloud city:",
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"text": "LUKE: Hear me!",
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{
"text": "Leia!",
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"text": "LEIA:",
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"text": "Luke...",
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{
"text": "We've got to go back.",
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"text": "LANDO: What?",
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"text": "LEIA:",
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"text": "I know where Luke is.",
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"text": "In fiction, there is often a sort of psychic link between twins, but in the Star Wars universe, because Luke and Leia are not only twins but force-attuned twins, we can see that a psychic link between them most definitely exists.",
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"text": "However, only Luke has been trained in the use of the force, having to explain the link to Leia:",
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"text": "LUKE:",
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"text": "There's more.",
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"text": "It won't be easy for you to hear it, but you must.",
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"text": "If I don't make it back, you're the only hope for the Alliance.",
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"text": "LEIA:",
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"text": "Luke, don't talk that way.",
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"text": "You have a power",
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{
"text": "I--I don't understand and could never have.",
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"text": "LUKE:",
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},
{
"text": "You're wrong, Leia.",
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},
{
"text": "You have that power too.",
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{
"text": "In time you'll learn to use it as I have.",
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{
"text": "The Force is strong in my family.",
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{
"text": "My father has it...",
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{
"text": "I have it...",
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"text": "and...my sister has it.",
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"text": "LUKE:",
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{
"text": "Yes.",
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"text": "It's you Leia.",
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"text": "LEIA:",
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"text": "I know.",
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"text": "Somehow...",
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"text": "Since Leia hasn't been trained in the use of the force but she is still a force-attuned individual, she recognizes some sort of a link between her and Luke but she doesn't know exactly what it is (as she hasn't been trained in recognizing the force and being able to understand what the link that she's feeling means).",
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"text": "When Luke tells her that they're siblings, this confirms the link that Leia has been feeling all along, so she states that she has somehow, always known.",
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"text": "Actually Leia is daughter of Anakin which means she has midichlorians.",
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"text": "She has jedi powers which never trained.",
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"text": "That's why she can sense but can not understand if the sense is right because she is not trained.",
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"text": "And the kiss was to make jealous of Han.",
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"text": "Well she didnt know she just felt the connection between them even though thought is fun to play with (third time I watched them",
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"text": "I realized it and got a good laugh out of it)",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The kiss was genuine romantic attraction tempered with a motherly/big sisterly approach.",
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"text": "I don't believe that Lucas decided that Leia and Luke were siblings until after The Empire Strikes Back.",
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"text": "In the episode IV Leia was torn between her attraction to the shy, sensitive Luke and the brash, macho Han.",
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"text": "She takes the initiative with Luke because she realizes that he is too shy to come onto her himself.",
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"text": "Lucas created a beautiful triangle complicated by the strong brotherly bond between Luke and Han.",
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] | {
"question": "In ROTJ Leia says \"somehow I've always known\" If she has always known then did she know when she kissed him?",
"title": "Did Leia know Luke was her brother when she kissed him?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3013",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1600/Chris_O"
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[
"Leia meant that the connection she always felt towards Luke now made sense - the one that she originally misinterpreted as sexual love, but realised was sisterly love. She was not aware of the blood relationship at that time, though she certainly felt the connection that most fiction insists is there between twins. ",
"George Lucas had not, apparently, decided Leia and Luke were brother and sister at the time the kiss scene was written. Hence, Leia did not know Luke was her brother when she kissed him."
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"Leia did not know that Luke was her brother when she kissed him, although she felt a connection between them.",
"Apparently, the writer, George Lucas, had not decided they would be brother and sister at the time that scene was written."
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"text": "It's been a while since I read it, but as I recall one of the points of the book is the relative realism of the method of colonization.",
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"text": "That is not to say that it is the best or the cheapest way of colonizing Mars.",
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"text": "Now the timeline of terraforming that occurs in the next two books may or may not be realistic.",
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"text": "There's some debate about that.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/180/Daniel Bingham",
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"sents": [
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"text": "It's been so long since I read those books",
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"text": "so I may be off the topic here, but...; it would be much easier to establish a permanent station at/on (insert location here)",
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"text": "if the people you send there never return.",
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"text": "The space you would have had to spend on return fuel/supplies can now be used for more supplies to build a bigger and better station.",
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"text": "Once the first pioneers build the initial base station subsequent trips can bring more people and supplies to build on that.",
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"text": "For comparison think of the colonization of the Americas.",
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"text": "Most of the initial colonists went there with the assumption that they would never return to their home countries.",
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"text": "Granted the Americas were more hospitable then the Moon or Mars would be, especially at first, but the idea is the same.",
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"text": "As I recall, the first 100 relied on automated factories which mined the raw materials and produced virtually everything they needed, including turning most of Phobos into a giant cable for the space elevator.",
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"text": "I do not believe we are at that level of technology yet.",
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"text": "As to the technology to visit Mars, we've effectively had that since Apollo.",
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"text": "Using that level of technology, we could have sent a manned mission to Mars with a reasonable chance of getting back alive.",
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"text": "It would have required several launches with Saturn V class rockets, but it could have been done.",
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"text": "Establishing a permanent base there we could probably do at our current level of technology (though it would look quite different from the one KSR describes, and be smaller).It might not be self-sufficient however, at least not initially.",
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"text": "But then, neither was the initial colony described in Red Mars (though to a larger degree than I envision a first generation actual colony based on current or near technology to be).",
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"text": "We of course lack the longevity drug that made the settlers in KSR effectively immortal (mind",
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"text": ", I don't recall whether they were treated with it before or after forming their colony).",
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"text": "What is not realistic is the need of resources from Mars.",
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"text": "Everything has an economic viewpoint.",
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"text": "The whole purpose of people going to Mars was profit and is very difficult to make a profit even if you would harvest pure diamonds.",
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"text": "Probably not even from moon is not profitable and wont be for some time.",
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"text": "In terms of space and colonization territories Earth can support still up to 50 billion people without having to build an atmosphere or to take the risks of space travel.",
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] | {
"question": "How realistic is the method of colonizing Mars in Red Mars by Kim Stanley Robinson ?Specifically, the part in the beginning, with a 4 person crew to visit the planet first, sending crews, etc. Really I only care for the first visit and the 100 colonists, until other people came.",
"title": "Is the method of colonizing Mars in Red Mars realistic?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<terraforming><kim-stanley-robinson><mars-trilogy><red-mars>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3113",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/98/PearsonArtPhoto"
} | 73_29 | [
[
"We could probably establish a permanent base in Mars at our current level of technology (though it would look quite different from the one KSR describes, and be smaller). However, it might not be self-sufficient initially and of course we lack the longevity drug that made the settlers in KSR effectively immortal. The whole purpose of people going to Mars was profit and it is very difficult to make a profit, even if you were able to harvest diamonds.",
"With current technology, it is possible to establish a permanent base on Mars but there is little will to do so as there is no need. It is also unlikely that anyome would make a profit from such a base."
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"From a technology point of view, we could probably establish a permanent base on Mars.",
"There is no real need to establish a base on Mars and no profit to be made so the will is lacking."
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[
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{
"text": "As far as I can tell, All Time Lords have the ability to generate.",
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"text": "It's part of their 2-heart DNA.",
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"text": "The Master, The Doctor's Daughter (cloned from the doctor), and Rasalon all were able to change form and regenerate.",
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"text": "Time Lords, according to the new cannon exists in a space bubble on Gallifrey 's Floor.",
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"text": "So I suppose other creatures could exist outside the bubble.",
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"text": "See the image below.",
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"text": "Yes other creatures live on Gallifrey and not all of them are Time Lord:",
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"text": "Native animals of Gallifrey include flutterwings, trunkikes, yaddlefish (Blind Fury), flubbles, tafelshrews, plumboles (The Ghosts of N-Space), rovies, mice, cats and, of course, the Gallifreyans themselves.",
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"text": "In the past, the dinosaur-like Gargantosaurs lived on the planet.",
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"text": "Oddly enough, before its complete annihilation from time and space, no animal had gone extinct from the planet.",
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"text": "See the Gallifrey The Time Lords originated from the Gallifreyan species.",
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"text": "The difference is noted that \"Time Lords are possibly just Gallifreyans in possession of a TARDIS.\"",
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"text": "on that wiki site.",
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"text": "I suspect just a change of name and some features.",
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"text": "Whether regeneration is a feature only to the time lords, I speculate that it is not.",
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"text": "Artificially, a human tried it in \"Lazarus\" (Season 3 or 4, I don't remember).",
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"text": "The people outside could either be \"banished\" aliens and Time Lords, or older Gallifreyans.",
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"text": "Some Helpful places... Doctor",
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"text": "Who (Main Wikipedia) TimeLord from the TARDIS Index File",
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"text": "I think she is talking about the Invasion Of Time where Leela is chucked out of the Capitol and meets up with the \"outsiders\".",
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"text": "This doesn't really answer the question as I believe the question has never been asked in the series.",
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"text": "Sounds like a good proposition for a story though.",
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"text": "My suspicion is that regeneration is something that the Time Lords developed themselves as a technology.",
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"text": "I can't imagine how such a thing could evolve naturally.",
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"text": "So in that case the answer would be no.",
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"text": "In the Invasion of Time I think it is suggested that the \"outsiders\" are people who were previously Time Lords but had rejected that lifestyle and chose to live outside the Capitol.",
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"text": "So they possibly could still regenerate.",
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"text": "In Underworld it is told how the Time Lords had developed technology to replicate regeneration in other species and given that technology to the Minyans.",
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"text": "It was explained that the Time Lords developed technological techniques to replicate their biological abilities.",
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"text": "The disastreous results of this resulted in the Time Lord adoption of the principle of (almost) non-interference.",
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"text": "The new series has now established that the ability to regenerate has nothing to do with Gallifreyan origin, since River has that ability.",
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"text": "Whether or not she counts as a Time Lady has not yet been established, but her regeneration is explicitly stated as being due to the fact that ... (spoilers, sweetie) ...",
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"text": "she was conceived in the Tardis.",
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"text": "In \"A Good Man Goes To War\", the 11th Doctor remarks that Time Lords evolved the ability to regenerate over billions of years, because there was a temporal schism on their own planet.",
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"text": "This genetic alteration due to evolving next to unfiltered time implies that it's a species wide ability unrelated to their binary vascular system, which other species also have, presumably without regeneration.",
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"text": "(Such as the species in \"The Girl Who Waited\")",
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"text": "As for Susan Foreman - bear in mind that at that time, regeneration didn't even exist in the series, so don't expect too much first or second season consistency with later canon .",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In the Invasion of Time, the outsiders leader, Nesben tells Leela that they \"are Time Lords, or rather we were until we decided to drop out.",
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"text": "All that peace and eternal tranquillity, we decided to get back to nature out here.\"",
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"text": "(Outside of the Citadel)",
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"text": "Well see I think it has to do with the tardis, because of river song.",
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"text": "She wasn't cloned from the doctor or born on galifrey.",
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"text": "She was conceived in the tardis.",
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"question": "I saw in an question that Susan Foreman might not be a Time Lady. This made me think if she would regenerate like the Doctor. Are all people from Gallifrey Time Lords? I remember an episode where there were people who seemed to live outside of the Time Lord world. Do they all regenerate?",
"title": "Are all Gallifreyans able to regenerate?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<doctor-who>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3366",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1781/Elizabeth"
} | 73_32 | [
[
"Regeneration may be something that the Time Lords developed themselves. In \"A Good Man Goes To War\", the 11th Doctor remarks that Time Lords evolved the ability to regenerate over billions of years, because there was a temporal schism on their own planet. However, some speculate that regeneration is not an exclusive feature to time Lords. Indeed, the new series has now established that the ability to regenerate has nothing to do with Gallifreyan origin, since River has that ability. That said, some maintain that all Time Lords have the ability to generate, as The Master, The Doctor's Daughter (cloned from the doctor), and Rasalon all were able to change form and regenerate.",
"All Time Lords have the ability to regenerate and they probably developed the technology to do so. However, regeneration is not limited to Time Lords. With regard to Susan Foreman, she appeared in the series before regeneration existed."
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"All Time Lords have the ability to regenerate.",
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"When Susan Foreman was in the series, regenration did not exist."
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"sents": [
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"text": "George R. R. Martin's blog had a link recently to a site with some information about the title sequence.",
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"text": "It includes an interview that gives some insight into the process of building the sequence.",
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"text": "Game of Thrones (2011) , Art of the Title",
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"text": "To summarize: The original idea was to show a map, but this was too… flat.",
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"text": "So the artists decided to depict intricate miniatures — denoting top-notch craftsmanship as a metaphor for GRRM's writing.",
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"text": "The style evokes the kinds of miniatures that could have been built with about the technology in the story.",
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"text": "It's as if a talented and devoted artist from the GoT world had made them.",
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"text": "The world is shown as the inside of a sphere to make the “camera” movements look better — zoom out from a location, rotate the camera, zoom into a different location, without risking showing an edge of the world.",
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"text": "The miniatures depict locations that are seen in the episode.",
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"text": "Thus the intro sequence varies from episode to episode: it depends on the visited locations.",
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"text": "In addition, there are minor variations in the cuts, just to introduce a little unpredictability.",
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"text": "They don't explain how the title music is able to lodge in your brain and linger there for days after you watch an episode though...",
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"text": "One interesting thing to note, the intro changes in each episode.",
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"text": "Watch episode 5 intro and you will not see anything across the narrow sea in the intro, but you will see a closer view of the Eyrie.",
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"text": "If you look carefully at the center of each \"city\", the ruling Houses' Crest/Symbols are shown.",
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"text": "For instance, at Winterfell, you can see the DireWolf, King's Landing has the Stag of Baratheon.",
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"text": "As far as I can tell, the only point of the intro sequence is to show the viewers the map of Westeros, so that they have some idea of what happens where.",
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"text": "I think the mechanical castles are just there to look cool.",
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"text": "One important interpretation I made from the title sequence was that how much it makes Westeros look like a little kid's build yourself kind of puzzle.",
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"text": "That really reinforces the concept that the whole thing is a game, with different players and locations being game pieces.",
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"text": "It appears that the title sequence was originally intended to be used as transitions to indicate the movement of the plot to different parts of the world.",
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"text": "Unfortunately it disrupted the narrative flow too much, so they decided to use it as titles instead.",
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"text": "Interestingly the map is on the inside of a sphere with a light source in the centre.",
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"text": "It would be difficult to impossible to replicate this as a real world object, so it's fairly safe to assume that any design features are there to make for a more interesting visual experience rather than any plot related reason.",
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"text": "The proportions of the map are from original maps drawn by Martin himself.",
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"text": "http://www.escapistmagazine.com/news/view/110202-Game-of-Thrones-Map-Sequence-Intended-for-Scene-Transitions",
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"text": "One thing I noticed about the way the titles were designed was that, when they showed the name of an actor, they put the sigil of the house of the character he/she is playing before it.",
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"text": "For example, in front of Sean Bean we see a direwolf, in front of Mark Addy a stag, in front of Peter Dinklage a lion and so on.",
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"text": "After the Season 6 Finale we also see that the orbs and rings we see in the opening are most likely an astrolabe",
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"text": "We see the same object hanging in the Citadel at Oldtown.",
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"text": "This can be determined by seeing the same markings on the rings.",
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"text": "The meaning of this is still not fully known, but there is an interesting fan theory ...",
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"text": "\"The overarching saga is called A Song Of Ice",
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"text": "And Fire after all,",
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"text": "and in the world of Game of Thrones songs are used to pass on heroic stories and legends.",
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"text": "So does that mean somebody is telling this story of Dany, Jon, Arya, Cersei, and the rest to future generations?",
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"text": "\"",
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"text": "If that’s how it ends, some fans might be mad about the set up of the story.",
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"text": "But if this theory is right, does it make sense for Sam to be the one that devotes his life to passing along the heroism and cruelty of everyone in Westeros?",
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"text": "Or could it be Sam’s son who was told the story by his father and then passes it on to his own children?",
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"text": "If this theory is accurate, there are any number of options that would make sense.",
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"text": "But for now it is just another theory.\" Opening astrolabe Citadel astroslabe",
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"text": "The map is clearly westeros, and all the houses and their seats, also the free cities and such, but the important is the sun, with the rings around it, it tells the story of westeros, like aegon's conquest, or roberts rebellion..",
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"text": "There is also the consideration that in Book 1 of the series, when Bran is unconscious and at the tipping point of death, he takes a metaphysical journey through the 7 kingdoms, accompanied by a three eyed raven; the narrative describes scenes extremely close to this title.",
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"text": "Also, if you notice, there is a kind of 'blinking' during the opening sequence; I see this as a 'Dragon's-eye view of Westeros.'",
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"text": "I think the idea behind the rising and falling elements (doors, drawbridges, walls, ladders, etc.)",
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"text": "used around the map is to emphasize the levels of complexity in the Westerosi political system.",
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"question": "The intro to Game of Thrones episodes includes a model mechanical world sprouting up buildings at Kings' Landing, Winterfell, and other key locations. Does this have any significance other than something cool to look at?",
"title": "Does the intro sequence to the Game of Thrones TV series have any meaning?",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3556",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/584/Nick T"
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"It appears that the title sequence was originally intended to be used as transitions to indicate the movement of the plot to different parts of the world. The map is clearly Westeros, but the important thing is the sun, with the rings around it, as it tells the story of Westeros, including Aegon's conquest, or Robert's rebellion. If you look carefully at the center of each \"city\", the ruling Houses' Crest/Symbols are shown.",
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"text": "I'm pretty certain that there has never been a mention in the series about a brother.",
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"text": "The End of Time implied that the woman that appeared and talked to Wilf was the Doctor's mother - although this is not stated explicitly.",
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"text": "I think Joe (in the comment) is right in that the implication is that the reference to \"brother\" was a reference to the Master.",
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"text": "Lots, if you know where to look, er, listen.",
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"text": "The Doctor's brother, Irving Braxiatel has quite a storied history IF you have listened to any of the audio products/broadcasts of the Dr Who Series.",
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"text": "Irving Braxiatel, or simply Braxiatel, was a Time Lord and the older brother of the Doctor.",
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"text": "Irving Braxiatel appeared in \" The Inquiry \" as Cardinal Braxiatel, produced by Big Finish Productions in 2004 and is played by Miles Richardson.",
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"text": "Some of these stories appear to take place in an alternative timeline called The Axis .",
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"text": "It is mentioned that at least in one alternative universe the Doctor may have had to kill his brother during a time when the Doctor was \"The Burner\", a temporal assassin for the Gallifreyan Council.",
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"text": "He appears in The Empire of Glass , Tears of the Oracle and Dragon's Wrath to name just a few.",
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"text": "Irving Braxiatel does not appear to have made any onscreen appearances since the reboot of Doctors Nine through Twelve.",
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"text": "The Empire of Glass is a Virgin Missing Adventures original novel written by Andy Lane based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.",
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"text": "Tears of the Oracle : The shattered world of Dellah, once a thriving place of learning, has only one aspect of the university left.",
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"text": "Bernice Summerfield has to deal with this, a mad collector (Irving Braxiatel), her ex-husband and an Oracle that could lead to priceless information.",
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"text": "You can partake of the Doctor's brother Irving Braxiatel's complicated history at the Tardis Data Core where they track his appearances both in print and in audio.",
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"text": "The only information we have on any immediate family of the Doctor is: Susan, his granddaughter, who appears regularly in the first ten serials or so (season one and start of season two).",
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"text": "A great-grandson by Susan, who appears only in some Eighth Doctor audio episodes",
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"text": "His mother, who appears (not acknowledged on-screen, but has since been confirmed) in the Tenth Doctor's final season finale.",
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"text": "Jenny, his cloned offspring, whom he has acknowledged as his daughter.[1]",
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"text": "Presumably he has at least one natural son/daughter, Susan's parent, but we are never told which.",
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"text": "Of course, if you buy the New Adventures novels, then Time Lords aren't born, they're \"loomed\" in batches of 40-50, all of which are called \"cousins\", but its usually best to just pretend that stuff never happened.",
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"text": "[1]:",
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"text": "As @Mr.",
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"text": "Lister correctly points out, Jenny is not strictly a \"clone\" of the Doctor; she was produced by some unspecified replication process based on his DNA, but obviously including some genetic variations.",
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"text": "She appeared physiologically to be Gallifreyan, so it's not clear where the alterations to her DNA came from.",
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"text": "Calling her a \"daughter\" is probably the closest term we can come in English.",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Given that the Doctor may be a clone, via Looming, of The Other (as hinted in the book Lungbarrow) it's conceivable that he had a brother that way.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "The Doctor's Brother might be this guy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Braxiatel",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "While it has never been officially stated, Dr",
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"text": "Who scripts were written where it was reveal",
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"text": "The Doctor and The Master are half brothers.",
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"text": "Paul McGann read one as part of his audition for his role as the 8th Doctor.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "http://tardis.wikia.com/wiki/Irving_Braxiatel This link states that Braxiatel IS the Doctor's older brother.",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "I remember long ago in a store looking at a Dr. Who novel or more likely a serial novelization, with a scene set in an alien underground city I think, where the Doctor and the Master were said to be brothers.",
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"text": "For along time I thought that was canon in the TV series.",
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"text": "If my memory is correct the Doctor and the Master were brothers in at least some part of Dr. Who literature.",
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] | {
"question": "In the 10th Doctor episode Smith and Jones when Martha asks the Doctor if he has a brother, he says No, not any more. It seems like if there had never been any mention of a brother, and no plans to introduce (a history of) one, a simple \"no\" would have worked for the purposes of this episode. Has there been mention of a brother in any other episode or any of the novels?",
"title": "Is anything known about the Doctor's brother?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<doctor-who>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3815",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/108/Tony Meyer"
} | 73_37 | [
[
"The Doctor's brother, Irving Braxiatel has quite a storied history. It is mentioned that at least in one alternative universe, the Doctor may have had to kill his brother during a time when the Doctor was \"The Burner\", a temporal assassin for the Gallifreyan Council. The Doctor and the Master were said to be brothers in some part of Dr. Who literature.",
"There do not appear to be any canon references to a brother in Dr Who. However, there are some suggestions that either Irving Braxiatel or the Master may be the Dr's brother."
]
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[
"It would appear there has been no explicit mention of a brother in the Dr Who series.",
"There are references to a brother in other Dr Who sources. One possibility is Irving Braxiatel, another is the Master. However, it is not clear if these references are canon."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The exact timeline hasn't been listed yet, but there are a few assumptions we can make.",
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"text": "It has to be after the Pandorica events.",
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{
"text": "(Melody is conceived in the TARDIS on their honeymoon).",
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],
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"text": "There has to be enough time for The Church (and Madame Kovarian) to find out about the pregnancy and make a plan.",
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"text": "(Although it's most likely that Kovarian has time-travel capability on her own, \"time\" becomes a much more flexible requirement).",
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"text": "The Doctor doesn't know about Amy's pregnancy until towards the end of Impossible Astronaut.",
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"text": "Amy then tells the Doctor she was mistaken in Day of the Moon, three months later.",
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"text": "At the end of that episode is the first time we see the \"positive/negative\" result.",
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"text": "That means that the absolute latest that the swap could be made is between Impossible Astronaut and Day of the Moon (while Amy's on the run).",
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"text": "Plenty of opportunities for a swap to be made, and it's plausible that people out to get the Doctor would know about it by that point.",
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"text": "It also explains why Amy thinks she's not pregnant (three months later and not showing is pretty convincing).",
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"text": "It also matches up with the Doctor's comment about Amy being gone \"since America\".",
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"text": "The second window is pre-Impossible Astronaut (while Rory and Amy are hanging out at home between adventures).",
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"text": "This is slightly less likely, as it's implied that Amy's only finding out about the pregnancy either during or just before this episode (remember, Rory doesn't know about it).",
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"text": "This makes it more difficult to explain how The Church would know about it as well.",
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"text": "It was before the season began because Amy saw Madame Kovarian before the Silence took her.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/2044/samie",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The Doctor says in A Good Man Goes to War that it must've happened 'before America'.",
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"text": "He obviously can't know for sure, but I guess that's the information we're supposed to accept as truth for now.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Amy shoots the little girl in the spacesuit, then three months pass and suddenly Amy's running through the desert and running from Canton and the silence.",
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"text": "There were (presumably) several times",
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"text": "she was alone during those three months,",
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"text": "so I think that's the most reasonable time for her kidnapping to have occurred.",
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"text": "Also, in \"impossible astronaut\" the Silence instructs her to tell the doctor \"what be must know,\" and she tells the doctor she's pregnant.",
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"text": "Then, after \"day of the moon\" she isn't pregnant any more, and this is the first time we see the doctor being suspicious of her and concerned for her wellbeing, almost as though he knows something isn't right.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "It happened in the three months that occur between 'Impossible Astronaut' (season 6 episode 1) and 'Day of the Moon' (season 6 episode 2).",
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"text": "She was at least two months along in her pregnancy but could have been as far along as five months.",
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{
"text": "I can support this logically with facts.",
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},
{
"text": "Amy got pregnant on her wedding night in the TARDIS.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "The future Doctor summons Amy and Rory to Lake Silencia two months after they got married.",
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],
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},
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"text": "Future Doctor says Amy had gained a few pounds.",
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"text": "(He would have known she was pregnant)",
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"text": "If the Silence had already captured Amy they would have kept her ganger from gaining weight.",
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0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "In 'Impossible Astronaut' Amy tells the Doctor that she is pregnant.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Three months take place between 'Impossible Astronaut' and 'Day of the Moon' When she is in the orphanage (Day of the Moon)",
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],
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"text": "she sees Kovarian, the eye patch lady.",
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],
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],
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},
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"text": "That means she had already been captured.",
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],
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},
{
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{
"text": "It HAD to have happened in Day of the Moon, because that was the first time Madame Kovarian was introduced, and the only time when Amy wasn't with Rory or the Doctor.",
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],
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},
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"text": "It probably occurred while she was with the Silence, and the one rescued from the Silence was the ganger.",
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},
{
"text": "Additionally, Steven Moffat has been quoted as saying that the Impossible Astronaut/Day of the Moon are meant to be prequels to every episode in the current series.",
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] | {
"question": "In the series 6 episode of Doctor Who , The Almost People , we learn that there had been a swap at some point. Amy at some point was swapped with a Ganger, a duplicate of her made of the Flesh. After the swap happened, the Amy Ganger kept seeing the eye-patch woman whenever she checked on the real Amy. So my question is, when did Amy get kidnapped and replaced with the Ganger? When did this swap happen?",
"title": "In series 6 of Doctor Who, when did the Amy swap happen?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<doctor-who>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3830",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 73_38 | [
[
"Some assumptions may be made about the timeline for the swap. Some say it was before the season began because Amy saw Madame Kovarian before the Silence took her, in the three months that occur between 'Impossible Astronaut' (season 6 episode 1) and 'Day of the Moon' (season 6 episode 2). It must have happened in Day of the Moon, because that was the first time Madame Kovarian was introduced, and the only time when Amy wasn't with Rory or the Doctor.",
"There are few possibilities for when Amy was snatched and replaced by the Ganger. It was either before the season started, between season 6 episode 1 and season 6 episode 2 or it happened in Day of the Moon."
]
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"There are few possibilities for when Amy was snatched and replaced by the Ganger. It was either before the season started, between season 6 episode 1 and season 6 episode 2 or it happened in Day of the Moon."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Per the series 6 finale",
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],
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},
{
"text": "The Wedding of River Song , the TARDIS was in his eye.",
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{
"text": "Where 'his eye' is in fact the Teselecta's eye, as the thing we thought was the future Doctor was in fact just the Teselecta.",
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{
"text": "The Doctor was inside, along with his TARDIS.",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Well, consider that the TARDIS is a living thing, and moreover one that is in love with the Doctor.",
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},
{
"text": "She could always just throw herself into a sun or land on some remote asteroid, but that still leaves the chance (however small) that someone might run into her and remember.",
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},
{
"text": "To correct what appears to be an oversight, consider also what happens during \"The Parting of the Ways\" (or is it the one just before that?).",
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},
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"text": "The Doctor sends Rose home in the TARDIS and (by way of his answering machine), tells her to just leave it, essentially letting it die.",
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},
{
"text": "His description of how it will be forgotten and ignored could explain why the existence of the Cowboy Hat Doctor's TARDIS isn't a big deal.",
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},
{
"text": "Additionally, does another TARDIS in the universe actually mess anything up?",
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},
{
"text": "If you think about it, almost any time the Doctor does anything , there's at least one other Doctor out there with a corresponding TARDIS.",
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},
{
"text": "Time travel does not lend itself well to avoiding multiples of oneself.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/2230/Jack Henahan",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Consider Rule Number One:",
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},
{
"text": "The Doctor Lies.",
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},
{
"text": "With that in mind, we don't know that the Cowboy Hat Doctor is who he claims (or the age he claims) at this point",
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},
{
"text": "and he may be the \"Oblivious\" Meet-in-the-Diner Doctor",
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},
{
"text": "we see later who just staged earlier events for the benefit of that one figure on the hill who was watching and whom Amy saw, then forgot.",
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},
{
"text": "In other words, we really know nothing about Cowboy Hat Doctor, much less that he got there in a later or earlier version of the Tardis.",
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"text": "We first see that particular version of the Doctor without the TARDIS (and in a cowboy hat?).",
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"text": "Given that, it's fairly safe to assume that until we find out otherwise, the Doctor most likely arrived in some other fashion, considering we weren't given evidence that the TARDIS is around.",
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"text": "Considering it's likely the Doctor won't actually follow that full timeline and die, we may not ever know.",
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"text": "EDIT:",
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"text": "As Keen states, the Doctor does not actually die, but he is present when the Teselecta is \"killed.",
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"text": "\" The implication is that the Doctor and the Teselecta traveled to the location in the TARDIS, then the Doctor and TARDIS relocated into the Teselecta's eye.",
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"text": "Well, perhaps this isn't in the spirit of the question, but I suspect that the most accurate answer will turn out to be \"because the writer didn't think of that.\"",
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"text": "Maybe the future version of the doctor fixed the chameleon circuit and the car is the Tardis!",
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"text": "Not really likely, but it would work. :-)",
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"text": "Wikipedia notes that: In the Big Finish audio play Omega, the Doctor meets a TARDIS which \"dies\" after its Time Lord master's demise.",
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"text": "There is not such a thing as a extra TARDIS.",
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"text": "The fixed point was that the Doctor pretended his death, but to enyone the fixed point is that the Doctor is dead.",
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"text": "In other words, what it was written to happen in the Lake Silencio",
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"text": "was that the Doctor is going to pretend his death, and when River stop this \"act\", that fixed point, it cause a paradox breaking the fixed point.",
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"text": "And that act, is what Amy, Rory, Canton and River see in the first time, that \"first death\".",
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"question": "The following question is about the S6E1 episode of Doctor Who, The Impossible Astronaut , where we see a character for a few minutes. At the start of the episode we meet a future Doctor. He proceeds to die shortly thereafter. But he had to have gotten to Earth and that time somehow. Usually he travels via TARDIS, so where's his TARDIS? There should be an extra TARDIS parked on Earth somewhere.",
"title": "Where's the extra TARDIS?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<doctor-who><tardis>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3981",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 73_40 | [
[
" The implication is that the Doctor and the Teselecta traveled to the location in the TARDIS, then the Doctor and TARDIS relocated into the Teselecta's eye. Some say there is no such thing as an extra TARDIS, and that a TARDIS tends to die when its Doctor dies.",
"Debate rages about what happened to TARDIS when Dr Who died. Some believe TARDIS relocated with the DR in the Teleselecta's eye. Others say TARDIS died with the doctor. Regarding an extra TARDIS, it seems there is no such thing."
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"It could be that the Dr and the TARDIS are in the Teleselecta's eye.",
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"There is no extra TARDIS."
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"text": "Magneto controls magnetic fields to a ludicrous degree .",
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"text": "In the comics, this has been extended to the point of knocking people unconscious by slowing/stopping the flow of iron to their brains.",
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"text": "This HAS been used against him, notably in the construction of the later-stage Sentinels, which were made of non-ferrous metal and plastic.",
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"text": "Most of the common metals used today, are magnetic to some degree.",
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"text": "Iron, Aluminum, Copper, Titanium, Chromium, you name it.",
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"text": "So having magnetic powers does give you power over most of metal-based objects.",
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"text": "Yes!",
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"text": "In the original X-Men comics Magneto was able to throw lightning bolts!",
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"text": "In the sixth X-Men comic Magneto made a mental version of himself out of pure magnetic energy.",
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"text": "Just like how Professor X can create a mental version of himself with his mind.",
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"text": "Magneto's power is to control electromagnetic energy, not metal.",
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"text": "In the first movie when Storm said she was going to fry him, instead of using his brain he could have just put a magnetic field around himself.",
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"text": "In the second movie, when Magneto was in that room made without metal, he could have just blasted that plastic gate open with electromagnetic force.",
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"text": "And in the third movie he could have just crushed those plastic cure guns by putting a magnetic field around the guns and crushing them.",
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"text": "I know that because I read the X-Men comics from 1963 written by Stan Lee and illustrated by Jack Kirby.",
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"text": "You should do the same if you want to know about Magneto.",
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"text": "But I do think the guy who played Magneto in the movies was great.",
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"text": "Magneto has control/power over both magnetic fields and metal.",
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"text": "Toward the end of the first half hour of X-Men (released in 2000), as Charles Xavier is talking to Logan about what the school is, Xavier reveals his history with Magneto thus : When I was seventeen I met a young man named Erik Lehnsherr.",
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"text": "Believing that humanity would never accept us, he...",
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"text": "He became Magneto.",
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"text": "This at least is his explained power set in the X-Men Movie Universe.",
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"text": "I think being called \"The Master of Magnetism\" is pretty clear.",
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"text": "Magnetism has been extended to all electromagnetism, so he should be able to throw lightning bolts too if he wanted to(ie.",
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"text": "his electrical looking shield he uses sometimes).",
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"text": "Well I believe his power is defined as being able to create magnetic fields.",
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"text": "But in both the movies and the comics, there are moments when he is able to manipulate metals that are questionable as to being magnetic or not.",
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"text": "So I don't really know, maybe he has the power to magnetise non-magnetic metals so that he can manipulate them with the magnetic fields.",
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] | {
"question": "I just watched the third movie and humanity ends up using plastic to counter Magneto. That made me wonder why they didn't use non magnetic metals? Is he able to manipulate non magnetic metals and has this been used against him? Similar to how Storm can make mist or sunny weather, but being called 'Weather' would be less strong sounding than 'Storm'.",
"title": "Is Magneto's power magnetism or can he manipulate all metals?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<marvel><x-men>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/3998",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1858/Andy"
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[
"Magneto's power is to control electromagnetic energy, not metal and he was even able to throw lightning bolts in the original comics. However, he cannot control non-ferrous (non-magnetic) metals and this has been used against him, notably in the construction of the later-stage Sentinels, which were made of non-ferrous metal and plastic.",
"Magneto's power is to control magnetic fields. Although this means he cannot control non-ferrous metals, most metals are magnetic to some extent and hence his powers are amazing."
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"Magneto's power is to control magnetic fields not just metal.",
"Magneto cannot control non-ferrous metals and this has been used against him in the past. However, most metals are magnetic to some degree, so his powers are far-reaching."
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"text": "In the Star Wars Universe, the difference between the light side and dark side is...a gray area.",
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"text": "The ability to stimulate cellular regeneration ('Force Heal') is generally considered light, but a malicious individual could use it to restore health to a torture victim, for instance, to prepare them for more.",
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"text": "The only truly unique powers to either side are, I believe, Force Choke and Force Lightning.",
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"text": "No other power seen uses the force for that purpose, and it can even be seen as mildly damaging to the Force itself to do so (since the Force is generated by life, using it to bring death is abominable).",
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"text": "The Old Jedi Council considered any Force use that requires emotion to be of the dark side, and the light side to be that which requires knowledge and control with the absence of emotion.",
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"text": "In New Jedi Order and beyond there has been a lot of experimentation with techniques that would have been banned under the Jedi Council.",
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"text": "The current Jedi Order seems to have taken an approach akin to the Shao-Lin seeking Discipline and Control over Emotion, allowing for slips and mistakes and having the belief that the fallen can be redeemed if brought back early enough.",
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"text": "It is not uncommon to see the different Jedi straying towards the dark side (including Leia) only to be brought back by the masters.",
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"text": "For example, we know that Mace Windu used a fighting technique he called Vaapad, which channeled raw ferocity from the opponent back at them.",
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"text": "This is described as stepping over the line into tapping into the dark side of the force, but is an acceptable Jedi technique (although dangerous).",
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"text": "So light versus dark is really a personal if not organizational designation determined by subjective ethics.",
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"text": "It is the desire of the person using the Force that can be considered \"Light\" or \"Dark\".",
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"text": "The reason why some powers are associated with Sith (or Dark) vs Jedi (or Light) is likely because some are easier to enact using one method over another (raw emotion versus mental discipline).",
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"text": "A gun is neither good nor evil, nor is any 'thing' (and with this I would include a \"power\" as a thing) .",
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"text": "It is all about HOW it is used and perhaps more importantly WHY it is used.",
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"text": "Several examples have been provided already about how a power can be used for good or evil, I would challenge anyone to suggest a power of the Force that could NOT be used \"for good\".",
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"text": "Leaving us with \" the difference \" being in the heart or mind of the person using the Force, and in 'the Force' itself.",
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"text": "I hate bring feminism down on the crew here, but the overwhelming gist of the Force seems to me to be very Old Testament.",
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"text": "I mean, where are the chicks in positions of power?",
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"text": "Princess Leia never gets to fly in battle, and Padme just wrecks everything.",
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"text": "Since the rights of black men generally precede the rights of women, there is a Black man jedi.",
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"text": "The dark side gets laid.",
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"text": "The difference between the light and the dark side of the force is life itself.",
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"text": "The force may appear neutral but since the dark side is usually used to kill or do harm to other beings while the light side respects and protects life as much as possible, then those who used the light side in the long run will probably be in a stronger and better position to triumph because of the more numerous allies they are able to make and instruct, over time compared to the Sith Lords who only live to dominate and do harm to others, Sith included.",
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"text": "They are always fighting each other for survival or power.",
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"text": "Why do you think the Jedi are able to establish an order and high council while the Sith regularly stepped on one another and have to abide by the famous \"rule of two\" of Darth Banes?",
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"text": "That means, while a Jedi, no matter how strong he can become is no threat to another one, and are allowed to freely multiply themselves by the thousands and become a very strong force, the Sith can only be allowed to be two of them at the same time:",
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"text": "One Sith lord and his apprentice.",
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"text": "Thus, no matter how strong the dark side, on any given day, a dark lord, no matter how powerful will have to confront thousands of Jedi at the same time.",
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"text": "Then, because of their strength in numbers, the Jedi can only be defeated by the Sith lords only through extraordinary means of treachery, surprise or treason.",
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"text": "The servant of the light side would win 9 battles out of ten.",
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"text": "Ultimately, eventhough the dark side of the force may appear more appealing and more powerfull on a personal point of view, it is nonetheless self destructive and doomed to be defeated by too many enemies(the Jedi).",
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"question": "We know that Dark side is linked to emotion like fear and anger, but the interesting point here is the between line the two side of the force. As an example, what make Mind tricks a \"acceptable\" force power for a Jedi? How could you hurt someone, like Obi-Wan does in the Mos Eisley Cantina when he slashed a alien's arm off with his lightsaber, and still be a Jedi?",
"title": "What's the difference between the Light side and the Dark side of the Force?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><powers><good-against-evil><morality>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4085",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45/DavRob60"
} | 73_42 | [
[
"In the Star Wars Universe, the difference between the light side and dark side is a gray area, subjective and ambiguous. Essentially, if you are using the Force out of anger, lust, greed, vengeance, or fear, you likely channel the dark side. If you are using the Force to defend you are using the light side. The USER of the force may be is light or dark and the desire of the person may be light or dark.",
"In the Star Wars universe the difference between light and dark forces is a grey area. It is considered that the User is light or dark rather than the force. Moreover, where to draw the line between light and dark is very subjective."
]
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"Certain forces are considered \"dark\" forces and others \"light\" but this is a grey area in the Star Wars universe.",
"It is the User that is \"light\" or \"dark\" not the force.",
"The between light and dark is very subjective."
]
] |
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"text": "Space is full of radiation.",
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"text": "Its probably one of the greatest dangers we face in space exploration that we do not have a good solution for .",
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"text": "While there are likely to be some highly radioactive particles as a result of the explosion these will disperse so quickly that there would be far greater damage from the explosion in any area where these would be of a concentration to be a concern.",
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"text": "In space, you'd expect much the same effect from blast, radiation, and heat as in atmosphere.",
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"text": "Of course, with no atmosphere to \"carry\" the blast effect, it's going to be greatly limited.",
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"text": "There will be little or no effect from what you might call \"shrapnel\"...",
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"text": "The bomb itself is going to be vaporized and you're not going to get chunks of stuff flying around at high velocity.",
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"text": "Both we and the Russians experimented with the effects of nuclear weapons in space, if you get a chance there's a documentary on Netflix about the development of the hydrogen bomb.",
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"text": "Compared to everyday celestial events, the energy of an H-bomb is laughably tiny.",
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"text": "So anything humans can construct is like an single ant (not a colony) attacking mount Everest (or if you want to compare to a gammaray burst a single virus attacking the enture mountain range).",
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"text": "The one thing a nuke does that is different, is generate fission products, which for the most part aren't found in space (",
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"text": "And even these isotopes, are probably generated in much greater volume by supernovas, but unless you are in the neighborhood of a recently exploded one, they have long since decayed away.",
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"text": "The earth based space tests, were significant, because they happened in the very rarified earths exosphere/magnetosphere, and generated high energy particles (mostly electrons), trapped in the earths radiation belts.",
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"text": "At the time it was feared we might have to wait decades for the activity to settle down to the undisturbed state.",
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"text": "The biggest hazard would have to be any macroscopic particles left over.",
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"text": "Gamma rays, X-rays, and other ionizing radiation would spread out at the speed of light, or nearly so for electrons, alphas, etc., and within moments be less than the radiation that always present in space.",
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"text": "After an hour, any such radiation will be smeared out to a volume as large as the orbit of Jupiter.",
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"text": "I.e., it's effectively gone .",
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"text": "You'd have to worry more about minor solar flares than space nukes.",
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"text": "On the other hand, although most of what's in the immediate vicinity of the explosion would be vaporised to atoms (or parts thereof), it seems possible that you could end up with significant amounts of debris.",
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"text": "Perhaps the solar wind would blow the smaller ones away, much like the effect with a comet, but some of the larger chunks would present major navigational hazards.",
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"text": "If you're moving around at planetary speeds, 10's of km/sec,",
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"text": "Purely for informational purpose, there has/had been some consideration of using nuclear detonations as primary propulsion for a space-faring craft.",
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"text": "Wikipedia:",
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"text": "Project Orion (nuclear propulsion) Short term effects: propulsion (most likely)!",
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"text": "Long term effects: ?????",
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"text": "The Atomic Rockets website has a whole section devoted to describing the effects of nuclear explosions in space.",
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"text": "Basically, conventional nuclear weapons are far less destructive in space than they are in an atmosphere.",
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"text": "However, there are some neat things you can do to make them more deadly.",
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"text": "Chief among these ideas are: Form a nuclear shaped charge (called Casaba Howitzer).",
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"text": "Here's an interesting description of how a nuclear explosion attack might look in space: First off, the weapon itself.",
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"text": "A nuclear explosion in space, will look pretty much like a Very Very Bright flashbulb going off.",
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"text": "The effects are instantaneous or nearly so.",
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"text": "There is no fireball.",
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"text": "The gaseous remains of the weapon may be incandescent, but they are also expanding at about a thousand kilometers per second, so one frame after detonation they will have dissipated to the point of invisibility.",
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"text": "Just a flash.",
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"text": "The effects on the ship itself, those are a bit more visible.",
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"text": "If you're getting impulsive shock damage, you will by definition see hot gas boiling off from the surface.",
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"text": "Again, the effect is instantaneous, but this time the vapor will expand at maybe one kilometer per second, so depending on the scale you might be able to see some of this action.",
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"text": "But don't blink; it will be quick.",
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"text": "Next is spallation - shocks will bounce back and forth through the skin of the target, probably tearing chunks off both sides.",
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"text": "Some of these may come off at mere hundreds of meters per second.",
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"text": "And they will be hot, red- or maybe even white-hot depending on the material.",
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"text": "There's a lot more interesting material at the link.",
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"text": "Including discussion of radiation survival and other aspects.",
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"text": "Obviously intense EM rad close by but the intensity decreases as the root of distance from the point source so unless you were close, as others have said, normal space rad would be a greater threat.",
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"text": "No debris either as all matter would be vaporized and ionized.",
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"text": "Would prob be kind of like a ripple in the solar wind.",
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"text": "Really it's far worse exploding one at ground level and creating all those isotopic by products with nowhere to go.",
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"text": "I think it looks close to the video linked in this article because what was filmed in Siberia on November 14, 2014, a very big flash, was probably a high-altitude nuclear test - perhaps 50 km to 80 kms above the ground.",
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"text": "Take a look at the video of the flash",
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"text": ": it expands very quickly then disappears.",
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"text": "The light is extremely bright.",
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"question": "In the Honor Harrington universe, ship-to-ship combat takes two forms: missiles and direct energy weapons. Missiles come in two forms - bomb-pumped lasers and contact nukes. Both use multi-megaton nuclear initiations to damage enemy ships. While this sort of event on a planetary surface will obviously have lasting effects, what long-term effects could be expected in a vacuum environment, aside from the destructive force associated with the explosions themselves, and the resulting EMP? Especially, would there be lingering (or spreading) radiation?",
"title": "Effects of nuclear explosions in space?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<honorverse><space><nuclear-weapons><warfare>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4089",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/656/Jeff"
} | 73_43 | [
[
"In space, you would expect much the same effect from blast, radiation, and heat as in an atmosphere. Of course, with no atmosphere to \"carry\" the blast effect, it's going to be greatly limited. The bomb itself would be vaporized and there would be no chunks flying around at high velocity. Although most of what's in the immediate vicinity of the explosion would be vaporized to atoms (or parts thereof), it seems possible that you could end up with significant amounts of debris. Basically, conventional nuclear weapons are far less destructive in space than they are in an atmosphere. Compared to everyday celestial events, the energy of an H-bomb is tiny. The sun is the equivalent of something like a billion H-bombs per second.",
"The dangers from nuclear explosion in space are small end there power is dwarfed by normal celestial event. For example, the sun is like a billion H-bombs. The greatest danger after a nuclear explosion may come from any debris."
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"Nuclear weapons are far less harmful in space than they are on Earth. The greatest danger may come from any macroscopic particles left over.",
"Normal celestial events are much more powerful than a nuclear explosion. The sun is like a billion H-bombs per second."
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"text": "I believe that the only way to kill someone so that they cannot be revived or cured is with Avada Kedavra .",
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"text": "However, without immediate medical attention, there are plenty of other things that would kill wizards or witches.",
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"text": "You could cut their throats ( Sectumsempra ), throw stuff at them that breaks bones, poison them, etc.",
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"text": "A skilled mediwitch or mediwizard could cure them if they got treatment in time, but they're not going to be getting that treatment during the middle of a battle.",
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"text": "There are probably also spells that have counters to nullify them -- but that would require someone to cast that nullifying spell.",
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"text": "From the wikia page, This battle ended in the death of Bellatrix, who continued laughing derisively at the efforts of her opponent until the moment she realised Molly had defeated her.",
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"text": "Hence, it can be clearly inferred that Bellatrix treated Molly as a weak opponent and her overconfidence led her to death.",
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"text": "On the other hand, Molly was highly angered as Bellatrix was torturing Ginny at that moment and the motherly love gave her the courage to face a death eater.",
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"text": "I can see only psychological reasons behind Bellatrix's death as it was difficult to overpower her when she was in a sane state of mind.",
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"text": "An extract from the wiki page: ... fires a curse that hits Bellatrix right over the heart, killing her.",
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"text": "Though the exact curse used is unknown, I believe she used a legal curse(such as the Stunning curse) and the placement directly over the heart is what killed Bella.",
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"text": "If you remember back to OotP, someone (perhaps Madam Pomfrey) remarks that it was a wonder that McGonagall did not die from so many Stunning spells.",
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"text": "So, perhaps it is possible for one to die from a well placed Stupefy or some other type of Stunning Spell, and this is what I believe happens here.",
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"text": "Avada Kedavra is a sure way of killing someone, and illegal, but is hardly the only way someone can be killed using a spell.",
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"text": "There are a few examples of this over the series: When Filch's cat is assumed dead inBook 2",
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"text": ", Lockhart names some obscurespell (the *Transmogrifian Torture)as the one to have killed her.",
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"text": "When McGonagall is attacked by Aurorsin Book 5, Hermione says that she washit straight in the chest and she'snot young, showing how even a stunnermay cause damage.",
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"text": "Avada Kedavra is highly illegal because - It's meant only to kill.",
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"text": "The book doesn't specify what spell was used.",
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"text": "I see no reason to rule out Avada Kedavra though.",
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"text": "The curse killed Bellatrix almost instantly which implies Avada Kedavra.",
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"text": "The book also notes that Jets of light flew from both wands, the floor around the witches' feet became hot and cracked; both women were fighting to kill.",
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"text": "(emphasis added) Molly was outraged that Bellatrix was attacking her daughter; everybody was under the impression Harry was just murdered (he hadn't made his reappearance yet).",
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"text": "Could it have been something other than Avada Kedavra?",
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"text": "Of course - but I see no reason to rule it out especially given the circumstances.",
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"text": "The answer does lie in the fact that death by the brute force of other spells must have done the job.",
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"text": "In the movie, it seems Molly hit Bellatrix with a Petrificus Totalus (body binder) rendering her absolutely and totally vulnerable and the force of a general explosive spell like bombarda or reducto gave her the works.",
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"text": "In the book, the author did not specify the curse used.",
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"text": "However, in the film, if you'll take a close look at Molly Weasley's wand (watch a clip of it on youtube), the light coming from it is green, which means, Avada Kedavra is being cast nonverbally, and the reason for Bellatrix's body to tear into pieces might be reducto , which is being casted nonverbally.",
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"text": "Molly DID use Avada Kedavra",
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"text": "This question was just answered by Pottermore today:",
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"text": "There’s no dearth of magical talent among the Weasley brood, but Molly and Ginny each have impressive and specific magical skills.",
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"text": "Molly’s, of course, tie in with her own personal preferences – so she’s not only marvellous at the magical assembly of feasts fit to feed five hundred",
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"text": ", she’s also a dab hand at the killing curse if there’s a witch-gone-wrong in need of offing.",
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"text": "Avada Kedavra is the only spell referred to as \" the killing curse \" ‘Ah,’ said Moody, another slight smile twisting his lop-sided mouth.",
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"text": "Avada Kedavra ...",
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"text": "Molly used Petrificus Totalus, the body binder spell, hence the fact Bellatrix was frozen, then she used a strong exploding spell, probably Reducto or Diffindo, whch destroyed Bellatrix.",
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"text": "I believe that Molly used some sort of body binding curse, but it could have been a curse of her own creation, or simply a spell",
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"text": "she did not even know and cast out of anger,",
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"text": "the spell that made her explode was most definitely reducto and not diffindo .But",
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"text": "the correct answer has not been stated by the author, so we shall never know for sure.",
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"text": "From what I saw in the movie, it seems that Molly hit Bellatrix with Petrificus Totalus, and then finished her off with Reducto.",
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"question": "It seems that the only officially known way to instantly kill someone with a curse was \"Avada Kedavra\". So, (spoilers): considering that was definitely NOT what Molly Weasley used to kill Bellatrix Lestrange at the end of Battle for Hogwarts, how did she kill Bellatrix?",
"title": "How was this character killed without Avada Kedavra?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<harry-potter><spells>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4120",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/976/DVK-on-Ahch-To"
} | 73_44 | [
[
"One theory is that as in the film, the light coming from Molly's wand is green, Avada Kedavra is being cast nonverbally. However, the reason for Bellatrix's body tearing into pieces might be the use of reducto. Another theory is that Molly hit Bellatrix with a Petrificus Totalus (body binder) rendering her absolutely and totally vulnerable, then finishing with the force of a general explosive spell like bombarda or reducto. A legal curse such as the Stunning curse may have been used, placed directly over the heart. However, this is not specified in the book.",
"Although the book does not specify what spell Molly Weasley used to kill bellatrix Lestrange, many believe it was the killing spell, Avada Kedavra. Alternatives to this include Petrificu Totalus with bombarda or reducto."
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"Avada Kedavra seems the most likely curse used by Molly Weasley to kill Bellatrix Lestrange.",
"Molly may have used other curses to kill Bellatrix, such as Petrificus Totalus and bombarda or reducto.",
"The book does not specify what spell was used. "
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"text": "Like many of the house mottoes in the series it can carry multiple meanings.",
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"text": "One more literal meaning could refer to the fact that the Iron Islands, the area ruled by House Greyjoy, are sparse and rocky, and the thin soil makes it hard to plow and grow any crops.",
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"text": "Another literal interpretation could refer to the fact that the majority of the ironborn are seafarers and survive by raiding and pillaging.",
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"text": "They \"do not sow\" - they only reap.",
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"text": "Ok, forget the biblical quote, for someone to reap, someone must sow but it doesn't have to be the same someone.",
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"text": "The Words of house Grejoy aren't in fact missing a noun.",
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"text": "The Greyjoys, and all of the Iron Islands, are seafarers who've traditionally survived by plundering all along the shores of Westeros.",
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"text": "They take joy and pride in their strength and ruthlessness, which is why they only wear jewelry they've won in battle (they don't buy such things).",
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"text": "The words, \"We do not sow\" are at once a very literal reminder to all who hear them that the Greyjoys are not farmers (like the rest of Westeros.",
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"text": "Keep in mind most of Westeros' population are agriculturalists or traders) whom they disdain and they show contempt for those farmers.",
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"text": "Obviously the phrase could be changed to \"we do not sow crops\" without really changing the meaning too much, although it would change the tone.",
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"text": "Probably the only thing that the Greyjoys have ever sown is discord, and as I said, I'm pretty sure that wasn't the kind of sowing they were talking about.",
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"text": "House Greyjoy does not sow -- they pay the iron price and they take what they need.",
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"text": "They do not believe in money or trade -- just pillaging and plundering.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Theon reflects on the motto of his house and the legacy from which it came... When we still kept the Old Way, lived by the axe instead of the pick, taking what we would, be it wealth, women, or glory.",
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"text": "In those days, the ironborn did not work mines; that was labor for the captives brought back from the hostings, and so too the sorry business of farming and tending goats and sheep.",
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"text": "The Drowned God had made them to reave and rape, to carve out kingdoms and write their names in fire and blood and song.",
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"text": "A Clash of Kings",
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"text": "- Theon I",
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"text": "As seen the saying is quite literal, the Iron Islanders (at least those of yore) did not bother themselves with menial labor.",
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"text": "This is backed up by the historical account of Westeros by Maester Yandel...",
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"text": "Whenever autumn waned and winter threatened, the longships would come raiding after food.",
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"text": "And so the Iron Islands ate, even in the depths of winter, whilst oft as not the men who had planted, tended, and harvested the crops starved.",
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"text": "\"We do not sow,\" became the boast of the Greyjoys, whose rulers began to style themselves Lords Reaper of Pyke.",
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"text": "The reavers brought more than gold and grain back to the Iron Islands; they brought captives as well, who would henceforth serve their captors as thralls.",
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"text": "Amongst the ironborn, only reaving and fishing were considered worthy work for free men.",
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"text": "The endless stoop labor of farm and field was suitable only for thralls.",
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"text": "The same was true for mining.",
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"text": "The World of Ice and Fire - The Iron Islands One should note that this style of life did not apply to only \"nobles\" on the Iron Islands but to all \"iron born\".",
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"text": "Regardless of your status on the islands, you were still better than those weakling mainlanders.",
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"text": "Another interpretation here: If you look back into history and our own middle ages, to sow had connotations of servitude, as those who would sow were the lowliest peasants, locked into servitude to every other social class.",
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"text": "In this regard, \"We Do Not Sow\" is a satement of defiance meaning \"we bow to no man\".",
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"text": "It's the words that make the Greyjoy sigil my favourite in the whole world of 'Ice and Fire' even though the family themselves are less than likeable.",
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"text": "I personally believe that the House motto literally means that \"they do not sow\", sowing commonly referred to as the task of planting seeds in a field, this most often being a job for a slave or a commoner acting under the whim of their lord.",
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"text": "This being said it implies that House Greyjoy will never succumb to such arduous tasks, and were in fact born to rule and not to serve under someone else.",
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"text": "In essence it means that they will not serve as a commoner and will risk their very lives to rule and not serve.",
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"question": "What does the motto of House Greyjoy, \"We Do Not Sow\", in the TV series Game of Thrones mean? It seems to be missing a noun, to me. Is it something like, we do not sow discord ? Or we do not sow , we reap the whirlwind ?",
"title": "What does House Greyjoy's motto, \"We Do Not Sow\", mean?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<game-of-thrones>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4222",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1241/Uticensis"
} | 73_45 | [
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"The Greyjoys, and all of the Iron Islands, are seafarers who've traditionally survived by plundering all along the shores of Westeros. They do not believe in money or trade -- just pillaging and plundering. They took what they wanted and more from those who were too weak to protect it. Therefore, the saying is quite literal, the Iron Islanders did not bother themselves with menial labor.",
"The motto of the house of Greyjoy emphasises that they are pirates and live by plundering and pillaging rather than farming. "
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"The Greyjoys are pirates. They live by pillage and plunder and prey on the weak. ",
"\"We do not sow\" emphasises that they are not farmers or commoners. Moreover their land was too sparse for cultivation."
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"text": "My best guess would be Hyperion and The Fall of Hyperion by Dan Simmons, if your \"spacegates\" were called farcasters in the book.",
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"text": "Harry Harrison's \"One Step From Earth\" is a collection of short stories exploring the discovery and use of a \"portal system\".",
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"text": "While the first story is more \"hard\" in trying to explain the uses of the technology, the remain eight are more \"soft\" and concerned with how the technology changes society and people.",
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"text": "I distinctly remember a man fleeing from a crime he had just committed, skipping across many worlds in an attempt to lose his persuer.",
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"text": "Probably not what you are thinking of, but in the Ringworld books, the Puppeteers used teleporters called 'stepping discs' - you step onto it and it teleported you to another location.",
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"text": "They seemed to be mostly for local use, though.",
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"text": "Pandora's Star by Peter.",
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"text": "F. Hamilton uses portal technology to step between worlds, but the general application was Train stations, not individual rooms.",
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"text": "But it is a good example of this technological mechanic.",
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"text": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Saga",
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"text": "I seem to remember a similar technology being used in The Dosadi Experiment by Frank Herbert, I'm not sure if it was used in the book before it, Whipping Star.",
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"text": "There is a similar mechanism, initially presented as a natural phenomenon but later revealed to be perhaps technological in origin, in Doris Piserchia's \"Spaceling\".",
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"text": "It's not the book you're thinking of, in part because the portals drift and can be unpredictable, but if you're interested in the theme you may like it.",
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"text": "If memory serves, the James H. Schmitz Telzey Amberdon story \"The Lion Game\" has a world where most \"buildings\" are actually groups of rooms in various locations connected by portals and are not actual buildings as we know them.",
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"text": "The heroine ends up trapped in a hotel called the Luraal where some of the portals are traps.",
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"text": "She is trying to deal with hostile aliens and escape the building.",
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"question": "I am trying to identify the name of a book that involved a civilization that utilized spacegates to instantly travel across space, literally stepping from one world to another. In the book, a family home could have different rooms located throughout the galaxy and the people simply walked through the doorway to move from room to room (and planet to planet)",
"title": "Book has spacegates that a person can walk across",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<story-identification><novel>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4319",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/2303/Stu"
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"This may be \"Hyperion\" and \"The Fall of Hyperion\" by Dan Simmons. Other suggestions include Harry Harrison's \"One Step From Earth\"; \"The Dosadi Experiment\"by Frank Herbert; Doris Piserchia's \"Spaceling\"; or the James H. Schmitz Telzey Amberdon story \"The Lion Game\".",
"A number of books seem to fit the bill as having spacegates in the story. These include Hyperion, One Step from Earth, The Dosadi Experiment and The Lion Game."
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"text": "Finally tracked down the short story I mentioned in my comment to the original question, and that Jeff mentioned in his answer:",
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"text": "See if this sounds about right: \"The City\" — A rocket expedition from Earth lands on an uncharted planet to be greeted by a seemingly empty city.",
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"text": "As the humans begin to explore, they realize that the city is not as empty as it seems.",
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"text": "The city was waiting for the arrival of humans; the contingency plan of a long dead civilization, put in place to take revenge upon humanity after their culture was wiped out with biological weapons by humans long before recorded history.",
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"text": "Once the city captures and kills the human astronauts, the humans' corpses are used as automations to finalize the city's creators' revenge; a biological attack on the Earth.",
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"text": "It's from Ray Bradbury's 'The Illustrated Man' compilation.",
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"text": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Illustrated_Man",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I read a fantastic short story that sounds similar and I've wanted to rediscover it for years.",
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"text": "The plot was about a planet created as a trap.",
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"text": "Long-dead victims of Earth(?)",
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"text": "aggression, realizing they would be wiped out, create a giant trap to wipe out Earth generations in the future.",
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"text": "Over the eons, the people of Earth forget about the war and the enemy planet but eventually rediscover it - just as their ancient victims foresaw.",
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"text": "The machine eviscerates the explorers and fills their bodies with a virus or other nasty thing and then sends them back to Earth to exact revenge.",
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"text": "I remember my brother and I talking about it enthusiastically around, oh, 1978 or so.",
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"text": "No idea of the name, but it would have been in a SF anthology.",
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"text": "There are a couple of similar instances in Simon Green 's Deathstalker saga.",
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"text": "An expedition is sent into an alien city to retrieve some bio-weapons, and many people in the expedition are killed or vanish due to a variety of horrific alien traps.",
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"text": "Similarly, attempts to navigate the \" Madness Maze \", another alien artifact, result in people being lost, physically rearranged, driven insane, etc..",
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"text": "Sounds a bit like Robert Silverberg 's The Man in the Maze but only a little bit.",
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"text": "Might also be Rogue Moon by Algis Budrys.",
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"question": "Many years ago I read a book or story where a group of people discover a dark city - maybe on another planet - which appears devoid of life but is in very good condition. As they gradually explore the city one of the them falls into a trap and is cut to pieces by something mechanical. This detail I can remember as it was a pretty gruesome idea. I don't know the ending but my guess is that none of them make it out alive.",
"title": "Book or short story about an empty city with deadly traps",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<story-identification><space-exploration><city>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4329",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1808/James P."
} | 73_48 | [
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"Similar instances are said to occur in Simon Green 's \"Deathstalker\" saga. Robert Silverberg 's \"The Man in the Maze\" is another suggestion, as well as \"Rogue Moon\" by Algis Budrys.",
"The book in question with the death traps may be Deathstalker Saga, The Manin the Maze or Rogue Moon."
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"text": "Yes, provided there is an oxidizer .",
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"text": "A spaceship with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen will blow up quite well in the vacuum of space.",
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"text": "Chemical explosives will also explode in space since they function by breaking weakly bonded chemical components; no oxygen is necessary.",
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"text": "Nuclear explosions can of course occur in space, too.",
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"text": "However, in space, there is no atmosphere to transmit sound from the explosion to the observer, so it would appear to be silent.",
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"text": "The United States military in the 60's performed a series of nuke tests in outer space, and found out what EMP can do, when they wiped out Hawaii's electrical grid for a few hours.",
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"text": "Explosions can happen, just not in the way that is depicted in the movies.",
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"text": "(this is how stars are created/destroyed, etc.)",
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"text": "Here is some nuclear testing in space.",
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"text": "For an example of an explosion happening.",
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"text": "A ship which has lost structural integrety and is no longer able to contain the pressurized gas of its atmosphere will indeed explode.",
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"text": "The pressure of the escaping gasses would likely rip apart any structure that had been weakened.",
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"text": "In addition rapid expansion of gases from the heat generated by an explosion as well as the increased pressure from it would add to these forces.",
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"text": "For a small time the area around the ship would no longer be a vaccuum until the pressure from the atmosphere had been disipated.",
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"text": "During this time smoke and fire would be reasonably expected.",
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"text": "This probably goes on longer for the movie than it would in real life and more dramiticaly.",
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"text": "The fire will most likely be extinguished in short order when exposed to the vacuum of space as the O2 will dissipate quickly.",
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"text": "A fire inside of a space ship will form a spherical shape until extinguished as shown at http://quest.nasa.gov/space/teachers/microgravity/MGprim1.html",
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"text": "Yes, not all explosions require oxygen as a fuel.",
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"text": "Your standard flame requires fuel, space, and oxygen, but chemical fires can happen without the need for oxygen.",
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"text": "If there is damage to their main power plant, it's possible for that system to explode.",
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"text": "Given that they're worked on by unsuited people, the power plants are surrounded by breathable atmosphere.",
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"text": "This could provide the fireballs we see, as the explosion consumes the ship's own life support.",
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"text": "Flames are gases so hot that they glow and emit visible light.",
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"text": "Flames are heated by intense combustion - fire.",
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"text": "If the same gases are heated to the seme temperatures and pressures by other means,, they will glow the same.",
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"text": "Spaceships can explode from various causes in outer space.",
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"text": "looking like clouds.",
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"text": "Some of the experts who answered before have said that e chemical explosions in a vacuum will not look like special effects explosions filmed in an atmosphere.",
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"text": "So fiery and smokey explosions in space are rather so-so in plausibility.",
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"text": "I personally prefer to see a blinding flash and then part or all of the spaceship vaporized and expanding from the site in a rapidly growing sphere which at first looks as bright as the sun but",
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"text": "as it expand and become thinner and thinner becomes less bright and begins to be transparent.",
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"question": "Take for example the opening of Revenge of the Sith . We see spaceships fighting with other spaceships using laser canons and missiles. Then when one spaceship is destroyed, we see fire and heavy black smokes coming from it. Does that mean in space, fire can still burn, even though there is a vacuum? If there would really be a space war, can spaceships really be destroyed and explode?",
"title": "Can spaceships really explode in space?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><technology><revenge-of-the-sith>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4346",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1328/mahen23"
} | 73_49 | [
[
"Spaceships can explode from various causes in outer space. A spaceship with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen will blow up quite well in the vacuum of space. Chemical explosives will also explode in space since they function by breaking weakly bonded chemical components - no oxygen is necessary. Nuclear explosions can occur in space, too. Not all explosions require oxygen as a fuel. Some types of explosions cause release of gases heated to the right temperatures to look like flames, or release a lot of dust or soot, for example.",
"It is possible for explosions to happen in space even in a vacuum and in the absence of oxygen: chemical and nuclear explosions for example. There may also be the appearance of what looks like flames and soot or dust. However, the explosion will not occur and burn like they do in the movies. Spaceships may also explode if they have lost their structural integrity or their main power plant is damaged."
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"Explosions can happen in space. These could be with oxygen, or chemical and nuclear explosion that do not require oxygen. ",
"There may be some gases heated to the right temperature that look like flames and explosions tha release lots of dust, however, they would not happen as they do in the movies. ",
"A spaceship that loses its structural integrity or that has a damaged main power plant may explode."
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "As explained on the Wikipedia article , there has not been a movie.",
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"text": "The reasons why a movie has not been made for a book or series generally (including this case) come down to one thing: money -- or more specifically, a lack thereof.",
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"text": "The Foundation series appears to be in what is often called development hell , characterized by repeated (failed or stalled) attempts at making a movie since 1998.",
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"text": "Right now, the rights for a Foundation series of films have been given to Roland Emmerich and he plans to get to development on them after his next movie.",
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"text": "It seems he is planning a CGI/3D opus (ala Avatar) and will likely over-convolute the story with action and special effects =/",
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"text": "(This is not really a movie and it is not explicitly referencing the Foundation series from Asimov, but it is directly inspired from it and heavily borrows its key concepts, so it could be something of interest)",
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"text": "There is an episode from Star Trek: Deep Space Nine , named Statistical Probabilities (Season 6, Episode 9) that is inspired by the concept of psychohistory.",
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"text": "In the episode, a group of genetically augmented persons is so intellectually advanced that is able to predict and calculate the outcome of the Dominion War.",
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"text": "Quote from the Deep Space Nine Companion , as reported by Memory Alpha (bold text by me):",
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"text": "The story line was based on Isaac Asimov's classic Foundation Trilogy.",
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"text": "Asimov based his work on issues raised in Edward Gibbon's The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, and the basic plot involves a scientist (Hari Seldon) who develops a branch of mathematics known as psychohistory which he uses to calculate that galactic civilization is doomed to fall, leading to 30,000 years of darkness and barbarism.",
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"text": "Seldon, terrified at this prospect, takes action to attempt to minimize the oncoming \"dark ages\" to only 1,000 years, but his plan fails to foresee that the actions of a single individual could render his predictions invalid.",
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"text": "Psychohistory is based upon mass action, and it can only predict the future when dealing with large groups, predicting trends in large masses of people, which is why Seldon is unable to take into account the actions of individuals – when it gets down to individual people, the variables become so vast as to be impossible to calculate, so the predictions become unstable.",
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"text": "In the novels, a character called The Mule, who has psychic abilities, becomes intimately involved in events, and directly influences their outcome, something which Seldon's psychohistory could never have predicted.",
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"text": "This is exactly what happens in the episode: the savants make large scale predictions based upon mass action, but they fail to take into account the actions of one single individual, who comes to directly affect everything they have predicted .",
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"text": "Emmerich has been saying he is going to make a movie since 2009, the movie is slated for 2013 (according to IMDB) and so for not a single actor/set/premise/detail has been disclosed.",
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"text": "Emmerich is quite frankly a terrible director who lacks the ability in making anything good.",
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"text": "I hope it stays in movie hell until some competent hands are capable of dealing with it.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "MORE RECENT NEWS",
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"text": "Some more recent news report that Apple is developing a TV series based on Asimov's Foundation Cycle.",
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"text": "( Link - Link ) Deadline reports that the project from Skydance Television is “in development for straight-to-series consideration,” with David S. Goyer and Josh Friedman attached as showrunners.",
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"text": "Goyer is best-known for comic book adaptations like Blade, Man of Steel and Batman v. Superman: Dawn of Justice, while Friedman was the creator of Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles.",
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"text": "OLD POST",
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"text": "According to TheWrap , Jonathan Nolan is writing a TV series based on the Foundation Cycle to be produced by HBO.",
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"text": "Anyway, that article is rather old (November 2014), and as far as I know, there have been no other concrete news about this project.",
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"text": "An article from iDigitalTimes (July 2016) doesn't really add anything, besides assuming that there is no any real reason to believe that this project was canceled (but, I can add that we don't even have any proof that it is going further).",
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"text": "A discussion on Reddit also contain nothing more than a bit of speculation.",
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"text": "The only tangible outcome of this rumor is a fan-made opening titles video .",
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"text": "It is extremely amazing , but is just a fan product, unfortunately id doesn't really have a meaningful significance about the status of the project.",
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"question": "Have any movies been produced based on Isaac Asimov's Foundation series? If not, why not?",
"title": "Have any movies been based on Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<movie><isaac-asimov><foundation>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4532",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/2394/Element"
} | 74_0 | [
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"A movie has not been made. Emmerich has been saying he is going to make a movie since 2009, and the movie is slated for 2013 (according to IMDB). However, not a single actor/set/premise/detail has been disclosed.",
"There is no information on a film already existing and there seems to be nothing in development due to either a lack of funds or Roland Emmerich being doing busy or not doing anything with his ownership rights. That being said, Apple plans on developing a TV series on Asimov's Foundation Cycle."
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"Information provided has stated that there is no film and there is nothing in production even though plans for a movie to be made are on IMDB",
"Reasons that a film hasn't been made is either due to a lack of funds or Roland Emmerich is too busy to do anything with his movie idea.",
"Apple seems to of had the idea of developing a TV series based on Asimov's Foundation Cycle."
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"text": "I think the issue is the Primer.",
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"text": "I don't think X truly understood what he was giving them: he thought they would be educated, sure, but looking back from a more mature perspective, the sort of education the Primer dishes out is serious stuff.",
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"text": "The Mouse Army is doing it's own thing.",
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"text": "They're a bunch of self-actualizing badasses, not following the sort of simplistic ideology of the Fists.",
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"text": "Remember that a key part of the Primer - kept secret by Finkle-McGraw - was that the book was intended to be \"subversive.\"",
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"text": "Dr. X didn't know this; also, toward the end of the book, he explicitly says he regrets educating all the girls via the book, presumably because they are not cooperating.",
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"text": "All these answers miss the point that when Hackworth is being sentenced by Judge fang he subverts the books to be linked to the missing primer (the one owned by Nell).",
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"text": "\"At this point, John Percival Hackworth, almost without thinking about it and without appreciating the ramifications of what he was doing, devised a trick and slipped it in under the radar of the Judge and Dr. X and all of the other people in the theatre, who were better at noticing tricks than most other people in the world.",
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"text": "“While I’m at it, if it pleases the court, I can also,” Hackworth said, most obsequiously, “make changes in the content so that it will be more suitable for the unique cultural requirements of the Han readership.",
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"text": "\"",
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"text": "He basically takes a subversive book",
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"text": "makes it more Chinese and respectful of authority but he makes the authority the owner of the missing book.(Even",
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"text": "Hackworth has no idea who owns this book at this stage.)",
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"text": "Thus the hunt for Princess Nell by the mouse army.",
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"text": "\"Hackworth sat down across the table from Dr. X.",
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"text": "A young woman padded out of the kitchen on silk slippers and gave Hackworth his own tumbler full of green tea.",
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"text": "Watching her mince away, Hackworth was only mildly shocked to see that her feet were no more than four inches long.",
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"text": "There must be better ways to do it now, maybe by regulating the growth of the tarsal bones during adolescence.",
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"text": "It probably didn’t even hurt.",
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"text": "Realizing this, Hackworth also realized, for the first time, that he had done the right thing ten years ago.\"",
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"text": "So the girls will become Leaders of a new way, with out the foot deforming etc, but with the use of the seed.",
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"text": "\"The provisional commanders of her divisions stood foremost, as did her provisional ministers of defense, of state, and of research and development, all of them bowing to Nell, not with a Chinese bow or a Victorian one but something they’d come up with that was in between.\" The book of the seed is inside Nell's Primer at the end and being worked on by the drummers even as they remove Miranda from the Drummer community. \"",
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"text": "“Hackworth is the Alchemist,” Nell said, “and he is using the wet Net to design the Seed.”",
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"text": "As for them both leaving the Middle Kingdom they attack the fist checkpoints while Hackworth is watching and tie them up.",
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"text": "This is after they discover their leader in the Primer after Nell breaks the last turing machine and the land beyond disappears.",
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"text": "So they meet Nell in the book get turned into humans in their primers and then in real life head to where Nell is as an army of followers.",
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"text": "The very beginning of the book, where Lord Finkle-McGraw and John Percival Hackworth discuss the idea for the primer, made clear that it was intended to produce not just educated girls but subversive ones who can think for themselves and take charge.",
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"text": "Then the first set of orphaned girls got old enough for the high-tech \"foot binding\" process to be used on them.",
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"text": "We know only a few of the oldest girls were subjected to this because they are the ones being carried by the army on the march.",
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"text": "The girls as a group must have seen the results of this crippling and oppressive procedure after the first set of girls got bound, issued a collective HELL TO THE NO, and decided to get off their boats and go find Princess Nell.",
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"text": "It seems that they are meant to represent the melding of two cultures.",
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"text": "The Boxer Rebellion was lead by The Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, and was anti-foreign.",
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"text": "If the novel draws from this event, then we can see this as antagonistic towards the Victorian principles and \"colonization\".",
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"text": "From Wikipedia : \"The Confucian solution of the Primer was hierarchical, while the Victorian was highly individualistic.\"",
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"text": "So the Mouse army, can be thought of as the combination of the best elements of both cultures/worlds.",
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"text": "On top of this, the networked Primers form a sort of communication network for the Mouse Army (similar to the Drummer network).",
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"text": "The Fists are going to try to hold back this new group and use them for their own benefit.",
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"text": "The only way to combat this is through... combat.",
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"question": "I have just finished rereading Neal Stephenson 's The Diamond Age for about the fourth time and am still confused about the ending. The part that is confusing me is as follows: Both the Fists and the Mouse Army come from the Celestial Kingdom yet they seem opposed - surely Dr X would have wanted the Mouse Army to support the Fists. Maybe I misunderstood?",
"title": "The ending of The Diamond Age",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<neal-stephenson><diamond-age>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4551",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/2396/No'am Newman"
} | 74_1 | [
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" The Mouse Army, can be thought of as the combination of the best elements of both cultures/worlds. The Mouse Army was doing its own thing and the anti-foreign Boxer Rebellion was led by The Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists.",
"The mouse and fist armies seem to represent the melding of two cultures, thus they were intended to be different and appose each others views. For instance the Righteous and Harmonious Fists could be seen as \"anti foreign\" while the Mouse Army was perceived as a culture with the best elements of both worlds. "
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"The mouse and fist armies seem to represent the melding of two cultures, thus they were intended to be different and appose each others views. For instance the Righteous and Harmonious Fists could be seen as \"anti foreign\" while the Mouse Army was perceived as a culture with the best elements of both worlds. "
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"sents": [
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"text": "Renly Baratheon pragmatically summed it up in A Clash of Kings (p. 265/761 of the 1999 Bantam paperback):",
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"text": "Tell me, what right did my brother Robert ever have to the Iron Throne?",
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"text": "Oh, there was talk of blood ties between Baratheon and Targaryen, of weddings a hundred years past, of second sons and elder daughters.",
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"text": "No one but the maesters care about any of it.",
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"text": "Robert won the throne with his warhammer.",
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"text": "Robert had a Targaryen grandmother, and was the closest person to the legitimate line of succession who wasn't a descendant of Mad King Aerys.",
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"text": "So he had a much better claim than Tywin.",
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"text": "See the Targaryen family tree .",
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"text": "Tywin wasn't part of the rebellion, at first - he was the Hand of the Mad King till he switched sides.",
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"text": "Robert led the rebellion against the Targaryens, and by that virtue seized the Iron Throne.",
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"text": "I'm sure the fact that he also had the largest army, and his brother Stannis",
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"text": "the fleet assured him the throne.",
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"text": "I don't think the act of killing the heir was the reason - the king was killed after the heir apparent, by a Lannister",
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"text": ", you'd think that would influence who gained the throne.",
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"text": "\"Tell me,",
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"text": "what right did my brother Robert ever have to the Iron Throne?",
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"text": "\" He did not wait for an answer.",
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"text": "\"Oh, there was talk of the blood ties between Baratheon and Targaryen, of weddings a hundred years past, of second sons and elder daughters.",
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"text": "No one but the maesters care about any of it.",
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"text": "Robert won the throne with his warhammer.\"",
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"text": "A Clash of Kings - Catelyn II",
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"text": "This quote is always the starting point when talking about how Robert came into the crown, and I think we all know the general overlay of Robert's Rebellion well enough.",
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"text": "The answer I believe is both , but also I don't think it could have happened any other way.",
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"text": "Remember Robert did not start the rebellion!",
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"text": "Sure he was upset at the \"abduction\" of his promised Lyanna, but it was Rickard and Brandon Stark who rode to King's Landing to demand justice and Jon Arryn who first called the banners.",
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"text": "Instead of granting them fair hearing, King Aerys had them brutally slain, then followed these murders by demanding that Lord Jon Arryn execute his former wards, Robert Baratheon and Eddard Stark.",
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"text": "Many now agree that the true start of Robert's Rebellion began with Lord Arryn's refusal and his courageous calling of his banners in the defense of justice.",
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"text": "The World of Ice and Fire - The Fall of the Dragons:",
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"text": "Robert’s Rebellion",
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"text": "We know the ending...",
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"text": "the rebels won and Robert was crowned king, even if did not quite want it himself.",
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"text": "Robert sat down again. \"",
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"text": "Damn you, Ned Stark.",
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"text": "You and Jon Arryn, I loved you both.",
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{
"text": "What have you done to me?",
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"text": "You were the one should have been king, you or Jon.",
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"text": "\" \"You had the better claim, Your Grace.\" A Game of Thrones - Eddard VII",
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"text": "But why did Robert have a better claim?",
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"text": "To answer this let us think like a Maester and ask what the Iron Throne represents...",
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"text": "It represents the Targaryen rule of a united Seven Kingdoms.",
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"text": "So the ruler sitting on the Iron Throne should be a Targaryen.",
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"text": "Well, all the of true Targaryens were dead or in exile, and of the victors who had at least some Targaryen blood in their veins...",
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"text": "it wasn't Tywin Lannister , it wasn't Jon Arryn , and it wasn't Eddard Stark .",
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"text": "It was of course Robert Baratheon .",
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"text": "Robert's lineage didn't even need to go back that far, only to his grandmother Rhaelle Targaryen , to find it.",
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"text": "As they say history is written by the victors and since Robert was the ultimate victor the stories and songs will focus on his exploits.",
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"text": "Robert was instrumental on the battle field but he also had the right blood in his veins to ensure a decisive and complete tranisiton of the Iron Throne to a non-Targaryen family.",
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"text": "Robert won the throne.",
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"text": "He killed Rhaegar Targaryen on the Ruby Ford and Jaime Lannister killed King Aerys in the throne room in King's Landing.",
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"text": "Eddard Stark sacked King's Landing.",
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"text": "He went into the throne room still on his horse and Jaime was sitting there on the Iron Throne.",
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"text": "Jaime yielded to Eddard Stark's icy stare.",
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"text": "Tywin Lannister was allowed to come into the gates of the city when Varys tricked Aerys into believing he was there to help him.",
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"text": "He wasn't.",
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"text": "Tywin gave the order for the murder of Rhaegars children and Elia Martell.",
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"text": "Later, Robert and Eddard spoke: A Game of Thrones - Eddard VII",
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"text": "Robert sat down again. \"",
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"text": "Damn you, Ned Stark.",
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"text": "You and Jon Arryn, I loved you both.",
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{
"text": "What have you done to me?",
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{
"text": "You were the one should have",
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"text": "been king, you or Jon.",
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"text": "\" \"You had the better claim, Your Grace.",
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"text": "\" \"I told you to drink, not to argue.",
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"text": "You made me king, you could at least have the courtesy to listen when I talk,",
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"text": "damn you.",
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"text": "Look at me, Ned.",
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"text": "Look at what kinging has done to me.",
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"text": "Gods, too fat for my armor, how did it ever come to this?\"",
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"text": "So, Ned could have taken the throne but did not want it.",
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"text": "Robert didn't really want it either, he wanted Lyanna.",
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"text": "He did have a better claim than Eddard but even so, many called him a usurper.",
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"question": "How did the crown come to land on Robert's head versus Tywin's , say? Was it because Robert killed the heir apparent and/or had command of a sizable army?",
"title": "Did Robert Baratheon earn the crown by his exploits or was it his right by succession?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<game-of-thrones><a-song-of-ice-and-fire>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4593",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/584/Nick T"
} | 74_2 | [
[
"Robert won the throne with his warhammer. He led the rebellion against the Targaryens, and by that virtue seized the Iron Throne.",
"Robert had won the throne by leading the rebellion against the Targaryens. So in the end \"Robert won the throne with his warhammer\"."
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"Robert had won the throne by leading the rebellion against the Targaryens. So in the end \"Robert won the throne with his warhammer\"."
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"text": "There is no in universe explanation form the cartoon continuities.",
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"text": "For the comics, it look like there is one.",
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"text": "Form the Transformers Wiki, Note section of the Trailer article",
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"text": "When Optimus Prime transforms into robot mode, his trailer usually disappears, only to reattach itself to Prime whenever he goes into vehicle mode.",
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"text": "Many fan theories about this disappearance have arisen over the years, with the most popular being that Prime stores the trailer in subspace.",
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"text": "The General consensus is that it just goes over there, i.e. just out of camera shot.",
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"text": "Funnily this is subverted in the original Marvel Comics four issue run, where Prime's trailer just sits there clearly visible not doing anything while the action takes place around it.",
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"text": "The second bullet point on this tfwiki page says: During the entire battle at the Witwicky's house, Optimus Prime's trailer sits parked, frequently in view.",
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"text": "This is in stark contrast to the more fantastical cartoon, where it would just roll off-screen and vanish.",
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"text": "There is now an official answer, the: Subspace Storage Pocket Greg Sepelak and Trent Troop used this phrase in two of their stories for the official Transformers Collectors' Club comic.",
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"text": "Hence this phrase is now canon.",
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"text": "The subspace storage pocket is used by multiple transformers, eg for weapons storage, gestalt parts and mass changes .",
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"text": "Source; this rather awesome video 1 : 1",
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"text": "The whole YouTube channel is great.",
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"text": "Another theory produced by a Transformers fan is that the trailer is created each time by the creation matrix .",
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"text": "To quote from the end of the video : I think the matrix gives Optimus Prime and Rodimus Prime the ability to manifest a trailer whenever they transform into a truck.",
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"text": "Personally I'm not convinced that the creation matrix has the ability to manifest real world objects; I think its purpose is to impart life to Transformers.",
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"text": "But I like the theory and the fact",
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"text": "that the fan has, rightly, also taken Rodimus Prime into account.",
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"text": "Optimus Prime has people to take care of these things Here",
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"text": "we see his loyal subordinate Huffer towing his trailer:",
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"text": "Theory 1: inside every transformer is the ability to shrink--but not enlarge--themselves and any of their components in robot or disguise mode (This would also explain why Sky Fire and Astro Train can fit groups of transformers who shouldn't fit inside them--and why Megatron and Sound Wave transform into things much smaller than their robot modes.).",
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"text": "Theory 2: Optimus stores his trailer in another dimension and can bring it to this dimension at will--either because any transformer can or because the matrix allows him.",
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"text": "Theory 3:",
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"text": "like the Allspark in the first Michael Bay film, Transformers can fold themselves and different components over into very small objects; in Optimus's case, he would store the condensed trailer in his body.",
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"text": "Theory 4:",
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"text": "like Mirage, Optimus's trailer can turn invisible and follows Optimus around everywhere while he's in robot mode.",
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"question": "When (the original, G1) Optimus Prime transformed into robot mode, this trailer just seemed to disappear. When he went back into truck mode, there was his trailer again! I'm guessing this was to help the animation and story telling. But what was the in-universe explanation? Where did it go? This question is applicable to both the comic and the cartoon continuities.",
"title": "What happened to Optimus Prime's trailer when he transformed into a robot?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<transformers><transformation>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4659",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/143/Reinstate Monica - Goodbye SE"
} | 74_3 | [
[
"Many fan theories about this disappearance have arisen over the years, with the most popular being that Prime stores the trailer in subspace. The subspace storage pocket is used by multiple transformers. However, another theory is that Optimus stores his trailer in another dimension and can bring it to this dimension at will -either because any transformer can or because the matrix allows him.",
" Greg Sepelak and Trent Troop have confirmed that transformers use Sunspace Storage Pockets to store things they do not need when they transform. This was once regarded as a theory, but is now canon due to its confirmation during two of Greg Sepelak and Trent Troop's stories."
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" Greg Sepelak and Trent Troop have confirmed that transformers use Sunspace Storage Pockets to store things they do not need when they transform. This was once regarded as a theory, but is now canon due to its confirmation during two of Greg Sepelak and Trent Troop's stories."
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"text": "I think the typical zombie walk tries to convey a sense that the zombies are no longer human and that all of their physical forms are no longer fully functional.",
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"text": "It seems that the limp goes back even to the very earliest movies",
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"text": "and I don't think I can recall too many movies (I Am Legend being an obvious sample of the opposite) where they didn't limp.",
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"text": "It's true that zombies do not move fast or agile.",
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"text": "In most zombie culture they seem to be far more deadly in the fact that they never sleep, never stop moving in their pursuit of the living, while the survivors have to sleep, have to stop to eat and rest, which is when the zombies usually catch up and assimilate their victims.",
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"text": "The slow, shuffling gait associated with classic zombies both adds an element of suspense (zombies pursuing a cornered victim give the film-makers plenty of time to squeeze out every drop of drama from the scene, as the monsters slowly close in), and allow a clear identifier to distinguish zombies from the uninfected without a heavy reliance upon expensive special make up effects.",
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"text": "From an in-story perspective, it would be expected that most injuries would be to the legs and feet.",
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"text": "Zombies are defined by single-minded pursuit of prey, with complete disregard for pain or injuries, as well as overall poor motor function.",
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"text": "Fully healthy humans are capable of stumbling, tripping, and falling even under good circumstances.",
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"text": "Zombies would be far more prone to such falls, resulting in a much higher incidence of ankle sprains, broken bones, and lacerations to the feet.",
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"text": "It also seems unlikely that a zombie would be able to tie his shoes, so any person who is not wearing footwear at the time of zombification, or which subsequently lost footwear, would shuffle around in bare feet, and would also not make any effort to avoid stepping in dangerous areas (broken glass, etc.).",
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"text": "Since zombies do not posses the normal healthy healing process, they would form no callouses, and any wound on their feet would not close, resulting in more and more flesh being stripped from their feet as they shuffle along.",
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"text": "The classical 'Romero-style' zombie moves slowly, almost reluctantly.",
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"text": "It was deliberately created to give them the effect Romero wanted.",
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"text": "Zombies play to the core human fear: the human-looking inhuman thing.",
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"text": "They are so like us in appearance, and so different in behavior.",
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"text": "Their sad appearance - large, staring eyes, obvious wounds, slow motion, inspires pity and/or revulsion.",
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"text": "The way they move was initially intended to seem almost reluctant, as if the people they once had been were trying to resist their body's actions.",
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"text": "The slow motion also mimics many other monsters - notably Michael Myers and Jason Vorheese.",
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"text": "Like the zombie horde, these iconic monsters are slow and implacable.",
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"text": "They kill without remorse, look human but aren't, and you can seemingly escape them - only to turn the corner AND",
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"text": "THERE THEY ARE.",
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"text": "The zombie moves slowly, glacially, maddeningly, implacably.",
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"text": "They stalk humans as Death's harbinger, and they're all the scarier for not needing to move quickly to destroy you.",
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"text": "I've always imagined it being due to their muscles and such having decomposed some.",
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"text": "I can't come up with any examples but the tv series",
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"text": "The Walking Dead, if you take a look, \"fresh\" (maybe new is a better world, lol) zombies without any major damages but",
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"text": "a bite or such don't limp, they're just quite clumsy.",
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"text": "Other than the scary effect, I think their slowness can give the other characters a chance to escape.",
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"text": "If they are fast, what's their difference with other humanoid monster?",
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"text": "Usually zombies are in big troops and their number is plenty.",
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"text": "They are single-minded and don't care for wounds, they could not be underestimate.",
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"text": "Even for characters with guns, they require unlimited supply of bullet in order to defeat the whole troops.",
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"text": "Because the zombies are slow, the best way to due with them is to run.",
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"text": "However, as the scene may not be in an open area, their escape route could be blocked or unavailable.",
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"text": "It is troublesome to due with a hell lots of zombies in a medium-size room like locker room/changing room.",
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"text": "Imagine that they were FAST as normal people.",
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"text": "Think about Half life 2 episode 1.",
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"text": "I think that zombies are always using full human strength which in turn, deteriorates the tendons and since they're always running after you (in modern instances) that their tendons would be reduced to practically nothing.",
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"text": "This in turn with what everyone else says that a zombie`s muscles are basically rotting away.",
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"question": "I've noticed this trend that most, if not all, zombies in films tend to limp or walk extremely slowly. In fact, doesn't this take away from their \"scariness\" as they aren't fast and don't seem to be agile? Where did this stem from?",
"title": "Why do Zombies in films generally have limps?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<zombie>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4673",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/630/benhowdle89"
} | 74_4 | [
[
"The typical zombie walk conveys a sense that the zombies are no longer human and no longer fully functional. The slow, shuffling gait also adds an element of suspense and makes a clear distinction between them and the uninfected. Their slow speed may also allow their prey to escape.",
"The classical Romero zombie was intended to move the way it did in order to create a feeling of conflict between the human mind and zombified body resisting its urges. From a logical stand point zombies were designed to move that way, because it made sense from the persepctive of the logic i.e a decomposing body shouldn't be able to move with agility and it made sense from the perspective of the film i.e creates suspense, gives other characters a chance to escape."
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"The main use of the slow shuffle is so the audience and other characters can identity who the zombies are without the use of expensive makeup effects. In addition it also gave other characters a chance to escape and even created and extra bit of suspense.",
"Even inuries do not stop zombies from pursuing their prey so from a logical perspective you could assume that zombies move the way they do due to a heavy build up of injury in places like the feet, which causes them to limp and shuffle.",
"The classical Romero-style zombie was designed, in Romero's image, to move slowly almost reluctantly like their human brains were trying to stop their zombified body from pursuing its prey."
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"text": "The issue is one that the Star Wars Galaxy must have 3rd generation (Population I) stars to exist, meaning it's at least many billion years post-Big-Bang.",
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"text": "Given the current estimates of 13.75 billion years of age, it's likely it's not more than 8 billion years ago (BYA), in order to allow for the relatively modern shape portrayed in the films.",
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"text": "Moreover, the Milky Way has lots of Population II stars, but those can't give rise to life as we know it in their worlds, as the needed high-metal mixtures won't be present to coalesce into terrestrial worlds until the nova of Population II stars forms sufficient metals to generate the population",
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"text": "I stars which gave birth to us all.",
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"text": "Note that the oldest Population I stars have less than 2% of the metal content, and that we are, as a life form, carbon, calcium and iron with significant smaller amounts of other stuff, but the lower metalicity of the older stars implies a lack of iron.",
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"text": "So, we can rule out the oldest.",
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"text": "Getting to the 5 BYA point, we start looking at stars that might have life as we know it.",
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"text": "Not so much heavy metals, but still, enough to have stuff we would recognize.",
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"text": "So, I'd say the \"Galaxy Far Far Away\" had its \"long time ago\" no more than 5 BYA and probably no more than 1 BYA, because it looks like galaxies of that age.",
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"text": "There is absolutely no way to pin this down.",
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"text": "As Roger Ebert pointed out, we're not even necessarily the frame of reference to which the \"A long time ago...\" refers to.",
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"text": "That is to say, this is all a story being told to us from an unseen narrator, from whose point of view the events of the story happened \"a long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away.\"",
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"text": "Because we don't know where (or when)",
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"text": "the narrator exists, we can't know where or when the events occurred.",
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"text": "It could well be right around the corner, just a couple of years from now (or ago).",
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"text": "No.",
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"text": "I think Lucas wanted to remove all links to our world.",
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"text": "Though I found a decent Star Wars timeline explaining when the various events happen in the Star Wars universe.",
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"text": "Star Wars Tales Volume 5 was a comic that was written a few years ago.",
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"text": "According to its Wikipedia article : Han Solo and Chewbacca are aboard the Millennium Falcon when they are attacked by Imperials.",
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"text": "They are forced to leap to hyperspace blind and end up in our solar system, where they crash on Earth's Pacific Northwest.",
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"text": "Believing they are on Endor due to the large trees, they venture out to investigate, when Han is killed by Native Americans.",
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"text": "The mourning Chewbacca leaves the Falcon to live in the trees, where the natives believe him to be Sasquatch.",
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"text": "126 years later, the wreckage of the Falcon and Han’s remains are found by the intrepid American archaeologist Indiana Jones and his sidekick, Short Round.",
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"text": "Indy, spooked by how 'eerily familiar' the remains are, decide to leave them in peace.",
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"text": "That would put it somewhere near 1800 because the adventures of Indiana Jones takes place in the '20s and '30s.",
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"text": "I heard an unrelated story about it taking place 5,000 years ago, as well.",
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"text": "Unfortunately I can't remember where I read this and can't provide a reference.",
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"text": "But I did read that Lucas originally planned for Star Wars to take place in our future, in the year 3000 or thereabouts.",
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"text": "But then the idea struck to set it \"A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away...\" and Lucas realized it freed him from having to tie the history of Star Wars to our real history, he could simply make everything up from scratch.",
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"text": "He didn't even really have to worry about being entirely faithful to the laws of physics (sound in space, gravity and breathing on an asteroid, etc.).",
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"text": "So no, Star Wars doesn't take place in \"our\" time at all, and that was a conscious choice.",
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"text": "(Didn't stop me, as a kid, from thinking ROTJ would end with someone discovering Earth.)",
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] | {
"question": "We know Star Wars happened, \"A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away\" . Is there any information on exactly when that was, relative to our time?",
"title": "When did Star Wars take place?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4739",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/143/Reinstate Monica - Goodbye SE"
} | 74_6 | [
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"It is believed that there is no real way to ascertain when Star Wars took place, as there is no frame of reference, and that this was a conscious choice. However, some say that it took place between 1 and 5 billion years ago, due to the appearance of the galaxies.",
"Most people state that there's no way to pin point the time frame where star wars takes place, however some fans have come up with theories based off of the information they can get from the series. Some have hypothesized that stars wars took place no more than 1 billion years ago."
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"There is no way to pin point the time when star wars takes place.",
"Fans like to come up with theories based on information that is provided in the series."
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"sents": [
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"text": "Update - this has been bugging me for a while, I finally had to write it out.",
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"text": "It's speculation (not taken from the scripts), but internally consistent with at least the first two movies.",
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"text": "In regards to Jeff's question, \"why would Skynet invent a time machine that only works on living tissue\"",
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"text": "- I'm not convinced that a) Skynet did the inventing, or that b)",
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"text": "it only works on living tissue.",
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"text": "First, we don't know that Skynet really invented time travel - even if one of the characters said Skynet did.",
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"text": "It's entirely probable that some (human) laboratory had worked out the basic principles, but alas, never got a chance to publish their exciting results, prior to most of the human race being wiped out in a nuclear Armageddon.",
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"text": "Second, the Temporal Transfer Field doesn't only work on living tissue - see the T-1000 for a counter-example.",
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"text": "In fact, the problem that Skynet encountered, was a lack of understanding of the principle of Chrono-topology .",
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"text": "Chrono-topology is the principle that the energy required to activate the Temporal Transfer Field, is correlated to the number of bundled timelines inside the Field 1 .",
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"text": "One timeline exists for every object that had a separate existence through the past.",
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"text": "1",
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"text": ": Note that power requirements appear to be 1.21 Gigawatts per timeline, making it prohibitive to send more than a single object.",
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"text": "For instance, a (naked) human has one timeline, as he exists as a unitary object going back in time.",
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"text": "This includes his hair/fingernails, which are biologically dead tissue, because they are all in the same timeline.",
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"text": "If the field only worked on purely living tissue, the subject's hair (and fingernails - ouch) would need to be removed.",
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"text": "If the subject human puts on a pair of jeans - now there are two timelines inside the field, as the jeans have their own existence and path back through the past.",
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"text": "The same for picking up a gun (and the bullets).",
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"text": "The T-800s, having been created and (presumably) immediately had skin grown on, have a single timeline.",
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"text": "Likewise for the T-1000s.",
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"text": "If they were to pick up a weapon, that would double the number of timelines in the Field.",
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"text": "Why the increased energy requirements?",
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"text": "The TTF, when activated, is basically trying to push an object out of its existing temporal path back in time, into a different path.",
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"text": "The more distinct timelines, the more energy is required for the Field.",
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"text": "A timeline is a four-dimensional path made by a physical object, travelling forward through time.",
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"text": "Think of a bikepath through soft dirt, where the wheels have made a trench.",
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"text": "If you ride a bike back down the trench, it takes an effort to force the wheels out of the trench.",
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"text": "Now, it is true that Skynet could do a number of things to circumvent this restriction, but see the next section for an explanation of why it doesn't .",
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"text": "Skynet is Pac-man on steroids.",
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"text": "Skynet is an AI , and doesn't process scenarios like a human .",
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"text": "It follows certain rules programmed into it, no differently from one of the ghosts in Pac-man (just slightly more complex).",
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"text": "Two rules in particular, Local optimum , and Satisficing , prevent Skynet from doing more than the minimum planning necessary.",
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"text": "First, when considering the sub-goal of how to send a cyborg through a time-field that seemed to only work on flesh-covered objects, Skynet would run through its list of available assets, realize that it already had flesh-covered cyborgs, and move to the next step - how to arm the newly-arrived Terminator.",
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"text": "For this second sub-goal, Skynet would realize that the Terminator could locally acquire weapons, sufficient to take out a waitress .",
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"text": "Having satisfied both of its subgoals, Skynet would stop evaluating additional options , and carry out its plan.",
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"text": "It has achieved a local optimum, and doesn't realize (or care) that there might be a better answer elsewhere.",
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"text": "Skynet, as an AI, just isn't creative , and doesn't seem programmed to make intuitive leaps, which would be obvious to a human.",
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"text": "It processes trees of (known) options, and picks the ones that meet the given criteria.",
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"text": "Lucky for us...",
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"text": "I suspect it was deliberately kept vague to make a good story.",
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"text": "But from the script : SILBERMAN: Why didn't you bring any weapons?",
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"text": "Something more advanced.",
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"text": "Don't you have ray guns?",
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"text": "Show me a piece of future technology REESE:",
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"text": "You go naked.",
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"text": "Something about the field generated by a living organism.",
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"text": "Nothing dead will go.",
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"text": "SILBERMAN:",
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"text": "Okay.",
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"text": "Okay.",
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"text": "But this... cyborg...",
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"text": "if it's metal...",
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"text": "REESE: Surrounded by living tissue.",
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"text": "SILBERMAN:",
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"text": "Of course.",
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"text": "I think that's it for \"official\" explanations.",
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"text": "I don't recall very clearly, but I think this issue was raised in the first movie.",
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"text": "The guy sent back in time is being questioned about the terminator and he says that the terminator is surrounded by living tissue because bare metal can't be transported back, only living material can.",
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"text": "In some of the comic books, Terminators bring weapons with them back in time by storing them inside of dead humans.",
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"text": "The general argument posed in all such scenarios is that something about clothing is fundamentally difficult to transport at the same time as a person.",
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"text": "One connected entity is easier to transport than multiple objects which are closely bound.",
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"text": "It could mistake the distance, and thereby force clothing to stick to a person, for instance.",
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"text": "The Terminator wiki states: The Terminator arrives nude because of the time machine being powered by organic matter, so that clothes, weapons, etc. can't be sent back.",
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"question": "Why do they travel naked in time in Terminator universe? Is it ever explained in the movies or tv serials? If they cannot carry weapons, how do the cyborgs travel with metal under their skin?",
"title": "Nude time travel in Terminator Universe",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4752",
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"This is considered to be speculation, but internally consistent with at least the first two movies. It may have been deliberately kept vague for storytelling purposes.",
"It's suspected that this topic is deliberately kept vague for the purpose of good story telling as people can only speculate as to why they can time travel with metal under their skin, but not with clothes over their skin."
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"sents": [
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"text": "In the Book, He doesn't break it.",
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"text": "Instead he puts it back in Dumbledore's tomb.",
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"text": "“I’m putting the Elder Wand,” he told Dumbledore, who was watching him with enormous affection and admiration, “back where it came from.",
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"text": "It can stay there.",
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"text": "If I die a natural death like Ignotus, its power will be broken, won’t it?",
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"text": "“And quite honestly,” he turned away from the painted portraits, thinking now only of the four-poster bed lying waiting for him in Gryffindor Tower and wondering whether Kreacher might bring him a sandwich there, “ I’ve had enough trouble for a lifetime. ”",
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"text": "Because he doesn't want the power it has, and can't give it away in good conscience?",
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"text": "As they discuss, whoever controls the wand would simply have too much power.",
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"text": "More likely, it's some combination of all three.",
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"text": "The fate of (almost) every wizard who has had the Elder Wand has been a violent death, as the wand is taken away from it's previous owner.",
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"text": "Even those suspected of having a connection with the wand (Snape) seem to have the same fate met.",
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"text": "Harry broke the wand because he did not want it to fall into the wrong hands again like it did with Voldemort and almost kill everyone in his quest to kill Harry Potter.",
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"text": "Harry broke the Elder Wand because he knows that all its past owners, including Antioch Peverell (its first owner), had used it for boasting and power.",
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"text": "He also knows that those who are pure of heart (Harry and Dumbledore) can tame it.",
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"text": "Dumbledore said: I was fit only to possess the meanest of them, the least extraordinary.",
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"text": "I was fit to own the Elder Wand, and not to boast of it, and not to kill with it.",
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"text": "I was permitted to tame and to use it, because I took it, not for gain, but to save others from it.",
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"text": "And like Dumbledore, Harry tried to protect himself and others from too much power.",
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"text": "So, in order to do this, he must destroy the source of the power, the Elder Wand.",
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"question": "At the end of the film version of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 , Harry broke the Elder Wand in two and threw the pieces away. Why did he do that?",
"title": "Why did Harry Potter break the Elder Wand?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<movie><harry-potter>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/4805",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45/DavRob60"
} | 74_9 | [
[
" The fate of (almost) every wizard who has had the Elder Wand has been a violent death, as the wand is taken away from it's previous owner. What point is there to having such a powerful wand if it will only lead to one's own death? Harry knows that whoever has the wand, if it is known, is a target. Another reason why Harry broke the wandis because he did not want it to fall into the wrong hands again like it did with Voldemort.",
"Harry broke the wand in the film for a number a few reasons, some being that he did not want him or his friends to become the target for people who would seek the wands power and he also did not want the wand to fall into the wrong hands. Therefore he broke it."
]
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"Harry knows that whoever posses the wand will becom,e a target and will suffer a violent death. Therefore he broke it.",
"Harry roke the wand, because he did not want it to fall into the wrong hands again."
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I've read a handful of Conan books in random order without feeling like I'm missing anything, but I don't think that's really intended, particularly for the early books written by Robert E. Howard himself.",
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"text": "Several different authors have tried to put together a chronology, but according to Wikipedia : A completely consistent timeline that would accommodate every existing Conan story is impossible for several reasons.",
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"text": "These include: (a) errors that crept into the earliest chronologies (b) subsequent disregard by the early chronologists of chronological evidence in later-discovered Conan material contrary to the existing schemes (c) similar disregard for this contrary evidence in the writing of much post-Howard Conan material, and (d) disregard of both the existing chronologies and chronological information established in previous stories by Howard and others in the writing of other post-Howard Conan material.",
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"text": "The page I linked to has several of the major chronologies, so you could either pick one of those (I'm considering following the Robert Jordan version, since I'm a big fan of his), or you could look to see where they're similar and make your own.",
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"text": "The Barbarian Keep by William Galen Gray looks like the most comprehensive timeline of Conan by Howard and others, but there is little in the canon that compels one to read in any given order.",
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"text": "I have the conan stories by Howard in the Gollancz Fantasy masterworks series.",
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"text": "Its two books and claims the have all the conan stories by Howard in in-universe chronological order.",
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"text": "That does not seem to be the order in which they were written.",
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"text": "A nice series of stories.",
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{
"text": "The Conan Chronicles - Volume 1: The people of the Black Circle",
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],
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"text": "The Conan Chrnicles - Volume 2:",
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"text": "The Hour of the Dragon",
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],
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"sents": [
{
"text": "The 12 book series published by Ace that attributes the authors as Howard, L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter is an excellent start.",
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"text": "The series includes stories by Howard that were published and unpublished, and the other two authors finished partially written manuscripts and outlines and ideas left by Howard.",
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"text": "Howard had a grand chronology in place from early on, including maps, but he did not publish the stories in chronological order.",
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"text": "The 12 books, in order, are:1 Conan (with a fabulous Frazetta cover)2 Conan of Cimmeria3",
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"text": "Conan",
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"text": "the Freebooter4 Conan",
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"text": "the Wanderer5",
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"text": "Conan",
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"text": "the Adventurer6 Conan",
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"text": "the Buccaneer7 Conan",
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"text": "the Warrior8 Conan",
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},
{
"text": "the",
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"text": "Usurper9",
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{
"text": "Conan",
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"text": "the Conquerer10 Conan the Avenger11 Conan of Aquilonia12 Conan of the Isles",
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"text": "As for other works I have not noticed that the authors totally respect the original Howard vision.",
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},
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"text": "Perhaps some do.",
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{
"text": "I would not consider works outside of these 12 books to be canonical.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Truly the stories are not meant to be read in order.",
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"text": "The stories were not published in a any particular order because REH meant for the reader to believe that the teller of the story, Conan, told the stories as he remembered them randomly.",
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{
"text": "Source:\"As for Conan's eventual fate - frankly I can't predict it.",
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"text": "In writing these yarns I've always felt less as creating them than as if I were simply chronicling his adventures as he told them to me.",
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"text": "That's why they skip about so much, without following a regular order.",
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"text": "The average adventurer, telling tales of a wild life at random, seldom follows any ordered plan, but narrates episodes widely separated by space and years, as they occur to him.\"",
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"text": "Robert E. Howard, Letter to P.S. Miller, March 10, 1936.",
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] | {
"question": "Is there a recommended order of reading for Conan books? The order should include both Robert E. Howard's and other authors' material. Don't really care about comics and other non-book sources.",
"title": "Is there a suggested order of reading Conan books?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<suggested-order><conan><robert-e-howard>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/5291",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/976/DVK-on-Ahch-To"
} | 74_10 | [
[
"Several different authors have tried to establish a chronology, but according to Wikipedia : A completely consistent timeline that would accommodate every existing Conan story is impossible for several reasons. However, the stories were not published in a any particular order because Robert E. Howard meant for the reader to believe that the teller of the story, Conan, told the stories as he remembered them randomly. ",
"There is no order in which you have to read Conan's books nor is there a definite chronological sequence. This is the case, because the books were written in a way that makes it seem like Conan is telling the stories as he remembers them."
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"There is no specific order in which readers should read any of Conan's books.",
"There is no sequence to read the books in as the stories we published in a way that makes them seem as if Conan was telling the stories as he remembers them."
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"text": "Not ever defined, that I know of, in universe..",
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"text": "but I'd say it's an intentional self-limiting gesture... with near omnipotence and the ability to simply will things into existence",
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"text": ", mere thinking could quickly get messy... unless you created some form of action and tied to the concept of 'invoking' your power, at least in your mind... as Xantec points out, they each have some gesture that they use.",
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"text": "Imagine the chaos for a new Q until they learn to do this!",
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"text": "Every stray thought becoming reality!",
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"text": "This is the same reason the Dresden books have wizards use obscure languages for spells..",
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"text": "once you associate a spell and an effect to a word or phrase, you don't want to trigger it accidentally by thinking it..",
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"text": "so pick something you would not think, except for the specific reason.",
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"text": "I suspect the members of the Q continuum could invoke their powers without their personal gesture...",
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"text": "but it might take a pretty strong act of will after a few millennia of habit forming.",
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"text": "Because he is a drama queen, and the rest of the Q collective aren't far behind.",
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"text": "Q only appears in human form only when addressing humans.",
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"text": "If Q appears to another race as a member of that race, he does not necessarily have the correct appendages to snap his fingers.",
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"text": "Q knows a making things change with a snap of a finger is an impressive show for humans, and milks it for all he can.",
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"text": "I don't know if there was ever an in-universe given by the writers, producers or anyone else but the finger snap was likely that individual Q's method of focusing their power; although as has been seen on mutliple occassions the motion isn't strictly necessary.",
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"text": "If you watch all of the various Q episodes you'll see that each Q has their own action they perform when they use their powers (single finger snap, double finger snap, hand wave, etc).",
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"text": "It's questionable that the real Q is actually snapping his fingers (or hand waving, or other kinds of fluorishing) -",
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"text": "don't forget, we're only seeing a representation of him in this dimensional/existential/plane/thingie.",
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"text": "But, it kind of makes sense - if you were omnipotent, the last thing you want is for stuff to happen as soon as you think it - it would get kind of chaotic (us mere mortals are rather flighty, and I'd imagine an omnipotent being to be more so).",
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"text": "So, link it to a physical gesture to enforce the desire for something to happen.",
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"text": "Frankly, I think it's just for show.",
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"text": "After all, there are certainly occasions in which Q does not snap his fingers, or make any other noticeable movements.",
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"text": "At the end of \"Encounter at Farpoint,\" Q leaves without a gesture, and just after commencing the game of Hide and Seek with Amanda Rogers he does the same thing.",
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"text": "Amanda also leaves without apparently making any movements (\"True Q\").",
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"text": "It may be that young Q are taught to do this in order to first definitively establish whatever it is they want to do, so that every stray thought of theirs doesn't immediately become reality.",
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"text": "However, for experienced Q, like most of the Q Continuum, it seems that such movements are totally superfluous.",
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"text": "Note that in \"Q2,\" Q vanishes after directing a wink toward Captain Janeway.",
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"text": "Q most certainly was trying to be showy in that instance!",
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"text": "In addition to the other excellent answers, I think Q snaps to accentuate the ease at which he uses his powers.",
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"text": "The term \"it's a snap\" refers to something that is very easy to do, like snapping your fingers, so I think this makes sense.",
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] | {
"question": "Why does Q click (snap) is fingers whenever he uses his powers? Is there an in-universe reason or is it pure theatrics?",
"title": "Why does Q click his fingers?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-trek><star-trek-q>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/5356",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/143/Reinstate Monica - Goodbye SE"
} | 74_11 | [
[
"The finger snap may have been Q's method of focusing power. However, as has been seen on mutliple occassions, the motion isn't strictly necessary.",
"There is no in-universe answer for this. Just speculation."
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"There is no in-universe answer for this. Just speculation."
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[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "In the Golden Age of comics, Superman's hair didn't grow on Earth.",
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"text": "There was even an entire issue dedicated to this fact at one point - Clark Kent was being tailed by a reporter/photographer for a rival company.",
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"text": "She was one of the company's sleaze artists - always digging up gossip.",
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"text": "Her hired investigator kept taking photos of Clark, and she measured his hair in all of them.",
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"text": "She found that his hair never grew by so much as a centimeter and jumped to the obvious conclusion: That it was a wig.",
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"text": "She then got a photo of him in his apartment - completely bald.",
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"text": "She tried to 'out' him on national TV by pulling off his wig, and got her comeuppance when it was revealed that it was his actual hair.",
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"text": "He tweaked her nose by telling all their viewers that he'd explain everything...that night, on the Planet's news cast (I think that at the time, he was working for the Daily Planet's TV section - it was the golden age, and they had one).",
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"text": "On the news cast he revealed that he'd been wearing a cue ball wig to set Lex Luthor up for a police sting or something.",
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"text": "The issue ended with the reporter swearing to figure out why his hair never grew.",
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"text": "I believe this went away by the time of the 80s or 90s, and has yet to come back.",
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"text": "At one point in canon, however, Superman couldn't grow hair at all, and an entire story (which seemed likely to produce a new, lame supervillainess) was based around it.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In John Byrne's The Man of Steel , a retelling/retcon of Superman's origin, he has Superman shave via heat vision.",
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"text": "He has a small piece of the Kryptonian spacecraft that brought him to Earth, which he bounces his heat vision off of to shave.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "A very common bronze age interpretation of Superman's powers are that most of them stem from a \"bio-energy matrix\", a field of energy surrounding his body that is able to nullify or amplify the effect of other energy fields it comes in contact with (this field is powered by solar energy, stored within his body.",
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"text": "That's why Batman blocks out the sun in Dark Knight Returns to drain Supes of his powers temporarily).",
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"text": "For an example of this, he flies by neutralizing gravity.",
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"text": "This field is controlled by him subconsciously, it's like a reflex.",
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"text": "This field can be extended to other objects as well, which is why he doesn't compromise the structural integrity of buildings when he catches them, because he extends his gravity nullification to surround the building.",
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"text": "He's also been shown in some cases to be able to remove this field temporarily at will, which would be how he shaves with regular tools.",
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"text": "Another common, but very unlikely, assertion is that he is unable to remove the field at will, and thus has to shave with either 1.",
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"text": "a kryptonite coated razor or 2.",
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"text": "a magically imbued razor, as those are the only external influences known to be able to either cancel out or ignore the bioenergy matrix.",
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"text": "That, or his bathroom light is red sun (which neutralizes the yellow sun energy stored in his body).",
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"sents": [
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"text": "If you remember from Superman IV: The Quest for Peace , Lex Luthor was actually able to cut a piece of Superman's hair that was holding up a 1000 lb weight in a museum display.",
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"text": "This suggests that his hair has a superhuman tensile strength, but is still susceptible to being sheared by a sharp object with a high enough pressure per square inch (i.e. a good pair of bolt cutters).",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Superman seems to shave (mostly) by using his own heat vision, reflected back at himself.",
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"text": "Reflecting his heat-vision off of a piece of his pod and and and In a normal mirror and and and For a bit of variety, sometimes he gets other Kryptonians to help",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I remember reading a comic where he gets some sort of weird orange pollen on his head to escape a gorilla (?)",
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"text": "that reacts to black like a bull reacts to red.",
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"text": "Then he is forced to get a haircut.",
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"text": "As he waits, worried that the blade will break, it actually cuts his hair.",
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"text": "He even thinks that hair cuts are so relaxing.",
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"text": "Something I remember even when I get a hair cut these days...",
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"text": "I am sick...",
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"sents": [
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"text": "As an analogy, of a similar style super character, similar problems, we have Will Smith, playing the Superman like character Hancock who handled this by using his fingernails to scrape his face and shave.",
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"text": "Perhaps a solution for Superman?",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I remember it being explained in the letters page in the back of one of the DC comics of the early-mid '60s that his beard only grew, and could only be cut, under a red sun.",
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"text": "It was also explained that he could visit Kandor and grow and/or shave a beard.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I remember going through my dad's old silver age comics as a kid, and in one, there was a point where superman as superboy, was rendered bald by red kryptonite and wore a wig for the duration of the comic, eventually waiting two weeks for the kryptonite effect to wear off and then flying to a planet where they had a hair tonic that worked on his invulnerable body enough to speed the recovery process.",
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"text": "(he didnt go to the planet the day he lost his hair because he knew the kryptonite had to wear off first.)",
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"text": "in another he had to get his hair cut and so went to a planet with a red sun, bringing green lanter with him to get him back without worry of his temporary power loss",
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"question": "I've seen several times when Superman is sporting a beard. How does he shave his indestructable hair? I remember once in Superman the Animated Series that he used his heat vision, but that doesn't make sense to me seeing as he can fly through a star and not get burned. Also related, how does he go from Super Mullet to short hair? IE, how does he cut his hair?",
"title": "How does Superman shave?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<dc><superman>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/5394",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1109/OghmaOsiris"
} | 74_12 | [
[
"He has a small piece of the Kryptonian spacecraft that brought him to Earth, from which he reflects his heat vision to shave.",
"There are different variations as to how superman gets his hair cut such as; using his heat vision or going to a planet with a red sun. Though there are some cases in which he can just get his hair cut normally."
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"Superman popularly shaves using his heat vision. In some cases he even uses Kryptonite to reflect his lazer vision off of to help shave.",
"Superman has to be exposed to a red sun in order to gain the ability to cut his hair or shave his beard.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Yes.",
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"text": "From an interview with Grossman: The funny thing is, Lewis was notoriously sloppy as a world-builder.",
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"text": "He liked to drag in whatever was handy — nymphs, fauns, wizards, Father Christmas, whatever — without much regard to internal consistency.",
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"text": "For Christ’s sake, Mrs. Beaver has a sewing machine!",
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"text": "It drove Tolkien crazy.",
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"text": "Part of the joke of The Magicians is that I’m taking a Narnia-style fantasy world and forcing it to behave consistently.",
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"text": "It turns out that you have to bend it and distort it and break it to make it fit.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The Magicians essentially takes a re-look at two of fantasy's most popular tropes - the magic boarding school and the children off to fantasy land.",
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"text": "The latter is exemplified by Narnia, and Grossman seems to have based Fillory off Narnia.",
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"text": "So you have a bunch of children who go to Fillory, and fulfill the quests provided by the god-sheep.",
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"text": "However, as you read further you will find that though Fillory does resemble Narnia on the surface, it is given a much more adult treatment.",
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"text": "The biggest difference is that unlike the books that follow the two tropes in a traditional manner, happiness is not guaranteed, and magic does not automatically make people happier or better.",
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"text": "Fillory plays the same role in the characters' childhoods and imaginations as Narnia does in our world, but it doesn't have a bunch of copyright lawyers potentially issuing cease-and-desist notices to authors who write about it.",
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"text": "To add to \"Mark S.\"'s excellent answer, The Magicians was intentionally meant as a deconstruction of the fantasy genre, using both Narnia and Harry Potter as main fodder for deconstruction.",
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"text": "See, for example, reviews: [1] , [2] .",
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"text": "I believe The Magicians borrows a lot of fantasy ideas from Narnia:",
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"text": "The magic wardrobe --",
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"text": "> The magic clock.",
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"text": "The white witch, not native to Narnia but bent on controlling it -->",
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"text": "The Beast/Mothra, not from Fillory but bent on controlling it.",
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"text": "The \"land between lands\" comprised of pools that act as portals to different worlds --> the fountains.",
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"text": "The concept of 2 kings and queens of Narnia, sons of Adam and Daughters of Eve (high king Peter, etc) --> 2 kings and queens of Fillory, both human also but without alluding to Christian themes as C.S. Lewis did.",
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"text": "The first to enter and explore Narnia is a young girl and boy, primarily the girl, Lucy, followed by her brother Edmund.",
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"text": "--",
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"text": "> the first in Fillory is likewise a girl and boy;",
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"text": "Jane then Martin Chatwin.",
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"text": "Also siblings, similar ages to Lucy and Edmund.",
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"text": "In both, time passes differently in the real world and in the Fantasy, and the similarities go on.",
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"text": "Therefore, it's safe to say several parts of \"fillory\" were based on Narnia.",
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"text": "In my view, The Magicians essentially combines the ideas of Alice and Wonderland as well as Narnia and takes a Grimm Fairy Tales spin on it, at least in regard to Fillory plots.",
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"text": "This is done by symbolism and similarity.",
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"text": "The first book of the Narnia series actually does start with a magician, two children, and a series of pools.",
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"text": "Within the Narnia settings the pools are muddy and spread amongst a forest, but each pool led to another world...",
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"text": "much like the pools leading to Fillory and other such places.",
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"text": "The God Ember is a satyr much like Mr Tomnus in book 2.",
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"text": "Later in The Magicians , the fairies appear and they are not unlike the white witch and followers within Narnia.",
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"text": "The 4 rulers from Earth.",
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"text": "The list goes on.",
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"text": "And like Alice in Wonderland , there are rabbits which serve as messengers between worlds.",
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"text": "The air is opium, referring to the fact that Lewis Caroll was said to have written alive in wonderland based on drug induced hallucinations.",
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"text": "They dig at Lewis Carolls rumored paedophilia in regard to Alice by doing the bit with Martin Chatwin and the author of the Fillory books.",
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"text": "What's nice about this is that you can interpret what happens however you'd like and it would still be correct.",
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"text": "You can take everything at face value, that this is about magicians where magic happens and there is a magical land with it's own lore and secrets, and it is enjoyable.",
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"text": "Or you can look into it and interpret meaning from the objects and story lines, and it is easily just as enjoyable.",
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"question": "I've recently started reading the book The Magicians by Lev Grossman. There is considerable mention of a land known as Fillory, which seems to be related to Narnia , from C.S. Lewis's series.. Is there an intentional relationship, and if so, what is it?",
"title": "What is the relationship between Fillory and Narnia?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<lev-grossman><the-chronicles-of-narnia><the-magicians>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/5448",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/98/PearsonArtPhoto"
} | 74_13 | [
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"Grossman seems to have based Fillory on Narnia. Fillory plays the same role in the characters' childhoods and imaginations as Narnia does.",
"Yes there is a relationship between Fillory and Narnia. Officialy Grossman has based Fillory off of Narnia and many of it's characters and laws seem to be similar, if not, the same."
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"text": "While the accepted answer was somewhat correct (one of the 2 reasons was indeed the fact that you could \"fool\" a child into thinking they had been playing a game, so that they would be able to make the necessary tactical sacrifices without worrying about losing men they command; and not carry around the psychological burden of \"what if we lose\"), that was not the only reason, and possibly not even the main one.",
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"text": "The reason was articulated by Graff even before Ender was born, in First Meetings collection, in",
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"text": "The Polish Boy , when he explained why he did not care that he wasn't getting John Paul Wieczorek (who we later would know as John Wiggin, Ender's father) into Battle School:",
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"text": "\"There is a definite fall-off in outcomes after the trainees reach adulthood,\" said Graff.",
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"text": "\"They know more, but do worse?\" said Chamrajnagar.",
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"text": "\" ... and further on, Graff expands on it:",
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"text": "\"You're forgetting the research we've been conducting.",
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"text": "It may not be final in some technical scientific sense, but it's already conclusive.",
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"text": "People reach their peak ability as military commanders much earlier than we thought.",
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"text": "The same age when poets do their most passionate and revolutionary work.",
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"text": "We know within a window of about five years when we have to have our commander.",
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"text": "Spoilers for Ender's Game below.",
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"text": "Because they probably can't fool teenagers or adults for long enough for them to destroy the buggers while believing that it's all still a simulated war game.",
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"text": "And if they know it's real, then they will break under the pressure, and possibly also start to worry about committing genocide.",
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"text": "Since I'm not familiar with any official answer to this, I'll give another hypothesis.",
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"text": "The initial ships were launched years before the start of the book, around the time of the previous war ending.",
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"text": "Thanks to time dilation, they do not age significantly, and are still capable of fighting upon reaching the buggers' world, though it's not clear if they can come back.",
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"text": "For those left on earth, there would be quite a wait, so it made sense to start training children in the hope that the right commander would come along.",
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"text": "If that was to happen, they could then \"preserve\" the child(ren) using relativistic trips.",
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"text": "My impression reading the book was that the battle school system had been going on for a long time, but that the right candidate has not been found / engineered to that point, making Ender and his friends \"the last hope\" as the fleet was getting close to the bugger homeworld, thus the rush to advance the training.",
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"text": "Separately from that, there seems to be a common theme in many fantasy/sci-fi books of giving children out early to the organizations that foster them to a particular destiny.",
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"text": "For example, the Dragon Age IP (while a game) has that notion with the templars and the mages.",
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"text": "I'll add to the \"accepted\" answer.",
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"text": "The need for child training was two fold: \"Deception\" was needed to cater to the \"empathetic genius\".",
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"text": "If you love the enemy so much that you can understand and know their moves before THEY do - kinda hard to kill them all dead without hesitation.",
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"text": "THAT, IMHO, was the deciding factor on using genius children.",
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"text": "Adults who know what they are doing will make different decisions when they have to look in mirror and know they just sent someone...",
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"text": "someone's father, brother, mother, etc... to their death.",
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"text": "They wouldn't be able to make the decisions that needed to be made - out of love for their brothers AND their enemies.",
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"text": "Also... add to the fact that training leads to graduation...",
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"text": "graduation leads to captains and generals of the fleet.",
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"text": "A glorified \"West Point\" academy that starts training at a younger age to further instill the needed qualities in the warriors that make the war machine.",
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"text": "I believe the Ender's Game states that the need for the use of children is to take advantage of their ability to think in an abstract manner that cannot be taught to adults.",
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"text": "If I recall correctly, at some point it's heavily implied in the book that children are still young enough that they're willing to reach new conclusions and change their thinking if necessary, where adults are more set in their ways.",
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"text": "The big advantage with that is that if you start young, and start in zero-g, instead of on Earth, they'll be able to form new strategies that someone who's formative strategies required gravity, and were fairly close to two dimensional (see also Star Trek: the Wrath of Khan , where Kirk bests Khan because Khan couldn't think in three dimensions).",
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"text": "i thought it was because children s reflex's are faster then adults especially between 10-13, 14 yrs old & in a video game environment (I.E. controlling your ships via the video screen back on earth)",
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"text": "the Formacs were crushing the humans with their fast reflex s, at least that's what I read..",
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] | {
"question": "Why is there such a big focus on children in Ender's game and why are only children trained in the battle academy? Why can't teenagers or adults start training also if they have whatever skills the academy is looking for.",
"title": "Children in Ender's game",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<enders-game>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/5509",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/2328/Sydenam"
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"The reason for child training was that you could \"fool\" a child into thinking they had been playing a game. \"Deception\" was needed to cater to the \"empathetic genius\".",
"There were a number of reason they used children instead of teens and adults. A few being that they could not deceive adults and teenagers into believing that they were in a simulation instead of a real war as well as they wanted to exploit the fresh minds ability to learn and develope in certain situations if it needed to."
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"The main reason seems to be to deceive the children into believing they are play a simulation. This probably wouldn't work on adults and teenagers.",
"Children were still open minded to learning where as adults are more stuck in their ways and they needed that open mindedness to reach new conclusions and change their thinking if necessary"
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"text": "Enterprise episode \"Cogenitor\" introduces a race called the Vissians who have 3 genders: male, female, and cogenitor : The cogenitor does not pass on genetic material to the offspring they help create; Dr. Phlox suggested that they may supply an enzyme during the sex act which facilitates conception.",
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"text": "Isaac Asimov's The Gods Themselves has a three-gendered race.",
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"text": "Raphael Carter's short story \"Congenital Agenesis of Gender Ideation\" concerns the revelation of a number of different human genders.",
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"text": "A theatre troupe including SF author Geoff Ryman presented an improvised piece at the 1991 Edinburgh Festival called USEXCO that concerned the creation and marketing of two additional human genders.",
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"text": "Ian Banks' The Player of Games features a three gendered pan-human race.",
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"text": "Niven's Puppeteers are likewise three gendered (though one could argue about this as the bearing gender is strictly a separate species).",
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"text": "Le Guin's The Left Hand of Darkness features a human race that lives as neuters except during brief periods during which they take on one or the other gender (but not always the same one), which could be construed as three genders if you wanted to.",
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"text": "In the Alien Nation series the Newcomers have three genders.",
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"text": "Imagine having to find two suitable mates for a three-sex species, or generally n-1 suitable mates for an n -sex species.",
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"text": "Your chances of reproducing will decrease rapidly as n increases.",
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"text": "The concept of a third sex is as old as writing.",
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"text": "In Greek myth there's the figure of Hermaphroditus .",
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"text": "In the Sumerian creation myth , the goddess Ninmah creates an intersex human from clay: Sixth, she fashioned one with neither penis nor vagina on its body.",
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"text": "Enki looked at the one with neither penis nor vagina on its body and gave it the name Nibru [perhaps = eunuch ], and decreed as its fate to stand before the king.",
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"text": "The idea recurs in other ancient cultures; see Wikipedia's third gender article for many more examples.",
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"text": "In A Voyage to Arcturus by David Lindsay (1920)",
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"text": "Nowadays there are men and women, but in the olden times the world was peopled by phaens .",
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"text": "I think I am the only survivor of all those beings who were then passing through Faceny's mind.",
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"text": "The Last Men in Olaf Stapledon's novel Last and First Men (1930) have many sexes, though these are apparently organized into \"male\" and \"female\" sexes: The traveller would recognize among us unmistakable sexual features, both of general proportions and special organs.",
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"text": "But it would take him long to discover that some of the most striking bodily and facial differences were due to differentiation of the two ancient sexes into many sub-sexes.",
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"text": "Full sexual experience involves for us a complicated relationship between individuals of all these types.",
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"text": "Of the extremely important sexual groups I shall speak again.",
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"text": "In",
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"text": "That Hideous Strength (1945) by C. S. Lewis",
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"text": "there's a cryptic reference to the \"Seven Genders\":",
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"text": "The three gods who had already met in the Blue Room were less unlike humanity than the two whom they still awaited.",
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"text": "In Viritrilbia and Venus and Malacandra were represented those two of the Seven Genders which bear a certain analogy to the biological sexes and can therefore be in some measure understood by men.",
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"text": "It would not be so with those who were now preparing to descend.",
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"text": "These also doubtless had their genders, but we have no clue to them.",
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"text": "These would be mightier energies: ancient eldils, steersmen of giant worlds which have never from the beginning been subdued into the sweet humilations of organic life.",
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"text": "Lewis didn't expand upon this, perhaps because he believed that it would be impossible to convincingly imagine a new sex.",
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"text": "In a 1943 letter he wrote, \"Try to imagine a new primary color , a third sex , a fourth dimension , or even a monster that does not consist of existing animals stuck together .",
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"text": "Nothing happens.\"",
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"text": "(This now seems rather defeatist.",
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"text": "Maybe he should have tried harder.)",
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"text": "Just to inject a bit of science into this: Sex is always well worth its two-fold cost claims to demonstrate why more than 2 sexes are evolutionarily unstable.",
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"text": "Why two sexes? claims to explain why two sexes has arisen so often in Terran evolution.",
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"text": "The existence of a three-gendered animal species actually forms a plot twist in",
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"text": "The Hugo and Nebula winning novel Dreamsnake by Vonda N. McIntyre",
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"question": "How has this issue addressed? How was reproduction capable between the 3 or more genders? What are the first instances where a race with more than 2 genders occurred? I know of instances when there was 1 gender. A neuter race in Star Trek where the species chose to remove the sexuality from themselves. I haven't however, seen any times when they try to introduce the concept of more than 2.",
"title": "What is the history of the concept of more than 2 genders?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<races>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/5670",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1109/OghmaOsiris"
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"Enterprise episode \"Cogenitor\" introduces a race called the Vissians who have 3 genders: male, female, and cogenitor. The cogenitor does not pass on genetic material to the offspring they help create. Dr. Phlox suggested that they may supply an enzyme during the sex act which facilitates conception. ",
"There are a number of examples of early work that dipicts the idea of races with more than 2 genders such as David Lindsay's \" A Voyage to Arcturus\". Star tracks episode \"Cogenitor\" depicts the idea and also shows how such as race re-produces and sustains itself. "
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"A primary example of 3 gender race that shows how it could exist and be produced lies in start trek episode \"Cogenitor\". The Cogenitor insert additional enzyms during reproduction in order to produce more genders within their race.",
"There are a fewe early instances of races with more than 2 genders going as far back to touch on old Greek myths i.e. Hermaphroditus. Other examples include \"A voyage to Arcturus\" and \"Last and First Men\"."
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"text": "The IMBD FAQ page for Terra Nova has the following - How can the commander communicate with the alternate 2149 if it's a one way portal and in a different timeline?",
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"text": "According to creator Craig Silverstein, the commander can communicate with the people in 2149 only while the portal is open .",
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"text": "Only while it is open can he order more supplies, communicate info back and forth.",
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"text": "The main drawback with this is that if he orders medical supplies, he has to wait till the next opening to get them.",
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"text": "It hasn't been described in show yet",
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"text": "but my guess will be that they are following the same rules of Stargate in which the wormholes are one way traveling for solid objects but radio waves can travel two ways.",
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"text": "There's no way for them to know.",
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"text": "Even if they did have some sort of inter-dimensional communication device that was time delivered 85 million years later -- there is no way to tell the future that was what they needed and have it sent back to Terra Nova in the first place so they can set it up.",
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"text": "In fact, there is no way for the future to even know where/when these probes and people are being sent.",
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"text": "Essentially, the first team had to have been sent over blind.",
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"text": "But there's no way for them to tell anyone what they found and what supplies they need because it was a one-way ticket.",
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"text": "So, every single transport sent over was sent over not knowing what was on the other side of the rift, if anything at all.",
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"text": "In fact, they can't even be sure they weren't sending these people into a rift that simply killed them.",
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"text": "There is no reason the temporal anomaly could not transmit radio waves back and forth across the cross-time region.",
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"text": "This could potentially explain how communication is done in a fashion similar to radio transmissions across wormhole horizons in the Stargate franchise.",
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"text": "Energy would not have the same limitations matter would have crossing between universes.",
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"text": "Please notice the way they discovered --the so called-- \"Terra Nova\":",
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"text": "First they lost the discovery satellite, then they followed up the signals andthey then determined that where their satellite landed (or crashed) was nota different planet, but the earth in past (but in different time stream).",
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"text": "That means that the anomaly through which this satellite passed ispermanent, so they can track down signals from it.",
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"text": "In my humble opinion, that explains everything.",
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"text": "Also, as shown in the last episode, Mira has a communication device and she receives commandsfrom her peers in future.",
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"text": "I was asking the same question too.",
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"text": "Perhaps it could be like the time rift in Julian May's Pliocene Saga.",
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"text": "In those books, people can pass through a rift in time to 6 million years earlier safely but they cannot return; if they stay in the time rift when it \"recycles\" they return to their present and take on an age of 6 million years and rematerialize as fossils or ash.",
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"text": "Some substances like amber and platinum can be sent back without being destroyed.",
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"text": "Perhaps this could be the same idea behind the Terra Nova portal?",
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"text": "I believe that the issue of supplies and weapons etc. could be solved via predictability.",
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"text": "You know on one pilgrimage they send x number of people with nx supplies and weapons.",
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"text": "And as the x increases they just send that much more supplies and weapons.",
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"text": "The two parties, the future and the past can easily agree on scribbling something on some stones or, more probable, some techy solution they have in Terra Nova, and the recipients (the future) could read/watch it.",
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"text": "So, ask a question on a (metaphorical) stone, get a reply back with the next recruit.",
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"question": "In the first episode of Terra Nova , it's mentioned that Terra Nova is able to communicate with the future. However, it was established earlier that going through the time schism is a one-way trip, and that you go to the past of a parallel Earth. So they shouldn't be able to send messages back through, nor can they leave time capsules with messages inside to communicate with the future. So how are they able to send messages back to the future?",
"title": "How does Terra Nova send messages to the future?",
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"question_tags": "<tv><terra-nova>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/5852",
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"According to creator, Craig Silverstein, the commander can communicate with the people in 2149 only while the portal is open. There is no reason why the temporal anomaly could not transmit radio waves back and forth across the cross-time region.",
"Radio waves can travel across the temporal anomaly (portal) without issue. The creator Craig Silverstein confirms that communication can only be made when the portal is open."
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"text": "For English speakers it's a really not subtle hint that he's bad and evil.",
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"text": "The name Sidious by itself isn't a word, but it's probably derived from the word insidious.",
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"text": "Google defines the word insidious as Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, but with harmful effects.",
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"text": "The word insidious is defined as intended to entrap or beguile .",
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"text": "This word in turn comes from a Latin word, sedere , meaning \"to sit\" (think sedentary ).",
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"text": "The suffix \"osus\" means \"full of\" in Latin (just like \"ous\" does in English), so it's just a short trip from insidiosus to \"insidious\".",
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"text": "As Jeff noted, Lucas seems to like to drop the first syllable for scary names - Invader to Vader, Insidious to Sidious.",
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"text": "Presumably, a Sith who could control fire would be called Darth Flammatory...",
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"text": "This falls apart, however, for Darth Maul and Darth Tyranus.",
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"text": "As has been pointed out in the comments, 'Maul' and 'Tyranus' both wear their meanings on the sleeves, and they were apparently not intended to survive long as Sidious' seconds.",
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"text": "In my opinion, the dismissal of 'invader' as a source is purely offhand, with no real consideration given.",
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"text": "At the time the OT was written, Lucas didn't know Vader was Luke's dad, and had no concept of his history.",
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"text": "And Anakin DID act as an 'invader' - he acted from within the Jedi to help destroy them.",
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"text": "His corruption to the Dark Side began in AotC, and culminated with his invasion of the Temple in RotS.",
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"text": "So there's certainly a case to be made for 'vader' to be shortened from 'invader', in-universe.",
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"text": "In-universe, however, there's no sign that it means 'Dark Father'.",
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"text": "The language it stems from (purportedly Dutch) isn't stated in the article, and most likely doesn't exist in the SW universe.",
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"text": "It's based on insidious (slow, subtle, gradual harm) and assiduous (constant application & attention to detail until task is finished), combined with the new Sith philosophy — the rule of two — to sit, wait and work in secret at the whole plan to destroy the Jedi (as was the Sith’s original goal).",
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"text": "His character believed he was the Sithari — the chosen one of the Sith, the culmination of 1000 years of Sith evolution.",
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"text": "He learned through his prolonged study of Sith history to renew the way the Sith operated.",
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"text": "He cultivated a small but powerful Sith Order to use against the Jedi and entered politics to work in secret (but in plain view as a Senator) to infiltrate the Republic.",
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"text": "so he was only left with a small number of Jedi to deal with in his rise to power, which he totally orchestrated & manipulated through controlling the war as the villain and the hero by keeping battles even to prolong the war and exhaust the Jedi.",
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"text": "Also so much study of the Dark Side made him pure evil as he was able to train with his master for decades to learn all he could to prepare himself for his plan to become Emperor by gaining power through the illustrious career of starting and controlling outcomes of war, slowly guiding events to align with his plan until he could gain emergency power to execute Order 66.",
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"text": "The phantom menace was his beginning as the new improved Sith & mastermind of the Republic.",
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"text": "Naming a Sith is a Skill.",
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"text": "Its based on English word describing a certain kind of evil or dark thing.",
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"text": "For example : Darth Sidious is short for the word INSIDIOUS, which is a form of evil.",
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"text": "As to Darth Maul is short for Malicious, Darth Vader is short for Invader, Darth Tyranous (count dooku) is short for Tyrany.",
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"text": "Darth Revan is for Ravenous, Darth Plaguies is short for Plague.",
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"text": "Darth Bane is basically BANE itself..",
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"text": "Darth Gravid is short for Gravity, Darth Ramage is short for Damage.",
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"question": "The Sith name of the emperor is Darth Sidious. As English is not my native language, I wonder if the is any hidden meaning for the name Sidious.",
"title": "What does Sidious mean?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/6021",
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"Sidious by itself isn't a word, but it is probably derived from the word insidious. ",
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"text": "Part of it was that many of the actors were moving on, part of it was cost as Xantec mentioned.",
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"text": "Another factor was that the man driving the Star Trek franchise after Gene died was Rick Berman.",
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"text": "By the time Nemesis came out, many fans and critics had grown restless and were saying that Star Trek had become stale and lifeless under Berman's guidance, that it wasn't going boldly anywhere.",
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"text": "Berman was pushing forward for an eleventh film with a group of writers, but they weren't getting very far coming up with an acceptable script.",
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"text": "A few months later Rick announced that he was walking away from Star Trek, stating that if Star Trek were ever re-energized, it would be by fresh faces that hadn't been involved before.",
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"text": "Over the years several people proposed reboots of the series that were all rejected by Paramount, including Bryan Singer (who failed to reboot Superman successfully), J. Michael Straczynski (Babylon 5), Jonathan Frakes (Riker) and William Shatner.",
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"text": "They finally got an acceptable proposal for a reboot from JJ Abrams and that brought us to where we are now.",
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"text": "Honestly, there's never going to be a live-action film resolution of B4 - the whole reason Brent Spiner wanted to leave the show is that he felt he was growing too visibly aged to continue playing a character that wasn't supposed to age",
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"text": "The entire series has been suffering for a while from a lack of new ideas, and it will likely never live up to the expectations of fans.",
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"text": "DS9 and Voyager aren't really suited to feature-length movies (Voyager especially, since it has canonically finished it's journey), and Enterprise was a disappointment to the studio (not to mention many fans), so it's low on the list for a live-action movie.",
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"text": "And the direction they seem to be heading is for the sure-thing: retreading TOS with the reboot series.",
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"text": "After fifteen years of working on Star Trek (1987 - 2002)",
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"text": "it is likely that (A) the actors were ready to move on and (B)",
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"text": "it was becoming very expensive to hire the actors.",
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"text": "Not to mention that Star Trek Nemesis came out about mid-way through Star Trek Enterprise, arguably during the waning years of the second Star Trek Era (Voyager had just ended, Enterprise wasn't doing so hot and people were pretty much Trekked out).",
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"text": "Mainly because the opinion of most Star Trek fans I know (including myself), Insurrection and Nemesis were bad movies and ended up being financial flops.",
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"text": "Look to The Numbers or Box Office Mojo for specific numbers and poor reviews of both films.",
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"text": "I blame the budget that Paramount gave Next Generation to work with.",
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"text": "If Paramount would have given them the same as the re-boot from JJ Abrams, they could have made better movies.",
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"text": "I believe that cost and creative issues ended the TNG series of movies.",
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"text": "(It earned $67.3 million.)",
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"text": "I suspect a $70 - $75 million budget in the hands of someone like Jonathan Frakes would have done quite well.",
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"question": "The Next Generation crew filmed Generations, First Contact, Insurrection and Nemesis. Then nothing. Why was there no follow up film? I was expecting some kind of resolution to the Data / B4 story.",
"title": "Why didn't they make a new TNG movie after Nemesis?",
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"It is believed that some of the actors wanted to move on to other things and/or were getting older. Cost and creative issues may also have been factors, along with the death of Gene and the performance of the previous films.",
"Most of the actors were ready to move on with the series. Aside from that the original director had died, which was one of the reasons the franchise started to become dull and boring. In the end the franchise wasn making too much of a loss in the box office so another film was never made."
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"text": "Harry saw himself saving himself (yes, that's really paradox ) and the only effect was a confused Harry, because he thought it's his killed dad.",
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"text": "You guys are, of course, missing the simple point that since future Harry has already LIVED through the past situation, he is armed with the knowledge that past Harry never ran into future Harry visiting (otherwise future Harry would have the memory of having run into someone who looked exactly like him).",
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"text": "Everything that happens when they travel to the past is exactly what had ALREADY happened by the time they made the decision to go to the past in the first place.",
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"text": "The only reason Harry didn't have the memory of seeing himself from the future is because it was too far away for him to see the figure properly, and he assumed it was his father, until he went back in time, saw his past self across the lake and then realised that he was currently the figure past Harry thought was his father.",
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"text": "Hermione does mention that time-travelling wizards have been injured or even killed by their confused previous selves.",
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"text": "if you didn't know time-travel was possible and suddenly come across somebody posing as yourself in a world of magic and polyjuice potions (though, I'd think about stunning first and asking questions later)",
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"text": "Harry thought he was seeing his father in the night-dark forest, so while confused, didn't feel threatened (plus, he had enough trouble with the Dementors swooping in).",
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"text": "Due to the fact that the non-traveling Hermione already knows about the watch, she would pull non-traveling Harry away and maybe explain the watch to him.",
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"text": "It could become difficult when Harry rescues himself with the Patronus; because he knows he can do it",
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"text": "In the books, Hermione addresses this in a little more detail than in the movie, but the movie does explain it a bit.",
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"text": "Basically, there's no paradox preventing someone from visiting their past or future self, but... if Harry were to burst in on the three people in Hagrid's hut, including his past self, his past self might think he'd gone mad, or that his future self was some trick or illusion, and Harry's future self might be attacked by any of the people in the hut.",
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"text": "Even if his past self believed that his future self was really him, changing the course of time so radically might have unintended consequences.",
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"text": "If Harry had killed Pettigrew alias Scabbers in the hut, then Scabbers wouldn't have run off toward the tree, and all the events that unfolded, including Harry learning that Sirius was innocent and thus wanting to go back in time to save him, would never have happened.",
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"text": "By remaining unseen, they changed time in such a way as to preserve the basic timeline and thus all knowledge of the events, thus not removing the reason they would have gone back in time in the first place.",
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"question": "What would happen when Harry and Hermione would meet other Harry and Hermione while using time travel clock? For example scene of execution of hippogriff in Prisoner of Azkaban.",
"title": "Trouble of time travel in Harry Potter?",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/6088",
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"There is no paradox preventing someone from visiting their past or future self, but if Harry were to burst in on the three people in Hagrid's hut, including his past self, his past self might think he'd gone mad. Hermione does mention that time-travelling wizards have been injured or even killed by their confused previous selves. However, Hermione would probably be okay, because she already knows that she might meet herself in the future. ",
"In most cases the individuals none time travelling self will most likely get shocked and may even injure or kill their time travelling self. However in the case of Hermione she may be okay, because she is aware of the time travelling watch."
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"Theoretically your confused none time travelling self may be shocked and in some cases, according to Hermione, some time travelling wizards have been injured and even killed by their none time travelling selves. ",
"Hermione would potentially be okay, because she is already aware of the time travelling watch. Harry may freak out as he is unaware of the ability to time travel."
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"text": "While I wouldn't discount the occasional (or even often) slipup by saying \"arrived in the X system\", often what you'll hear is \" approaching the X system\".",
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"text": "That is, the announcement is taking into consideration that they are well enough away from the destination for it to matter.",
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"text": "similar paradox: Enterprise is in pursuit of another ship at high warp when the helm says, \"Captain, they've dropped out of warp!\"",
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"text": "In the time to relay the condition and give the order, Enterprise should be nowhere near the ship they were pursuing.",
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"text": "To reconcile this, it's important to understand that creating and destroying a warp field is not instantaneous: this is usually glossed over in the episodes, but it's illustrated to dramatic effect at the beginning of Star Trek:",
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"text": "The Motion Picture , where the bridge officers spend a good 5-10 minutes getting anxious while bringing the Enterprise up to Warp 1 after a major refit.",
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"text": "When the helm prompts the captain that they're approaching a star system or that the ship they're pursuing is dropping out of warp, they're taking into account the time and relative effort it takes to drop out of warp and asking the captain if they can proceed.",
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"text": "So the helm asks for confirmation of the new task once he's completed his previous one (navigating the ship at warp).",
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"text": "IMHO, this is mostly because in a lot of space sci-fi - Star Trek included - space ships are usually modeled after regular wet Navy ships.",
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"text": "Navy ships move slowly enough that this formalized real-time chain of command is fully adequate as far as human reaction speed.",
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"text": "Unfortunately, Star Trek is a Shakespearean Theater in sci-fi setting.",
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"text": "So it didn't bother getting many details right scientifically - including this one - unlike a lot of good hard sci-fi, where the authors actually put in a bit of thought, realized this would be a problem, and switched to a more appropriate captain pre-selects parameters (e.g. how close to system to drop out of hyper-speed), crew enters parameters into the system, the system exits hyper-speed at pre-programmed point .",
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"text": "The comparison to a naval \"look and feel\" is quite apt.",
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"text": "Even in modern naval maneuvers, and especially in naval (or really any) aviation where timing is much tighter, there is not always time to actually process decisions in the way that the formal chain of command would theoretically imply.",
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"text": "Often in these real-world cases what will happen is that everyone already knows in advance what needs to be done and the crew is already effectively executing the command as, or even before, the captain issues it.",
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"text": "Even a routine trip from one planet to another probably involves an enormously complex flight plan (or \"warp plan\") that is meticulously worked out in exhaustive detail long before the ship makes planetfall.",
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"text": "If the ship is on course and cruising according to plan, the captain may be formally informed of their impending arrival long after the preliminaries of the de-warp procedure have already begun.",
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"text": "Presumably the captain knows this already and is perfectly aware of how the journey has been progressing.",
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"text": "Everyone is sitting there calmly as the captain almost off-handedly gives the (formal) order because no one is in the slightest bit surprised, and indeed as far as the below-deck crew is concerned the maneuver may already be in progress by the time they actually hear him sign off on it.",
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"text": "This is one reason, incidentally, why quality of crew training and the fine line between discipline and initiative are so important.",
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"text": "You want combat officers who know that if you are following a pursuit plan and the target starts coming out of warp, that you should start coming out of warp too, even if the order hasn't technically been confirmed yet from the captain's chair.",
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"text": "It can have a very plain explanation -- warp drive works by putting a ship in a spacetime bubble which may be sliding through normal space at FTL, but maybe not necessarily has to .",
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"text": "In other words both warp and impulse would use spacetime folding, and going out of warp would only mean switching from faster to more maneuverable drive.",
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"text": "This has some justifications in some mentions that impulse may also be FTL, and is reasonable because conventional flight with near c is also quite problematic -- the energies are so large that a collision with a grain of salt could easily destroy the ship.",
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"text": "Anyway in this scenario the ship may just slow down to 0.1-0.01c, which is quite a reasonable speed to cross a solar system and give the captain a chance to pick a planet and orbit.",
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"text": "I think there are a number of reasons behind this.",
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"text": "Primarily, it is a plot device - it says \"we are arriving at x\".",
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"text": "The captain needs to be seen to be driving the ship - as per DVKs comment - and so has to make a response.",
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"text": "In reality, the process of bringing the ship down to sub-light speed at this point, and it is merely a confirmation that this is still the right thing to do.",
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"question": "Often when they arrive in a star system from warp, someone will say something like, \"Captain, we've arrived in the such-and-such system.\" And he will give the order to take the ship out of warp. Now, at warp speed, if he responds too slowly, even by a fraction of a second, why doesn't the ship end up light years away?",
"title": "Why does Picard need to give verbal orders to bring the ship out of warp?",
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"Primarily, it is a plot device - it says \"we are arriving at x\". However, while he may sometimes say \"arrived in the X system\", often what you'll hear is \" approaching the X system\". This is mostly because in a lot of space sci-fi, space ships are usually modeled after regular Navy ships.",
"There are as number of theories as to why the captain has to give the order such as; space ships being designed with navy like hierarchy, the idea that this is just a plot device, warp drive not having to function at faster than light speed etc. However these are all theories and there is no canon explanation for it."
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"In most cases the pilot states that they are \"Approaching\" location X, which in theory gives the captain plenty of time to make the order.",
"The space ships hierarchy resembles that of what is found in the navy and the writers of the Star Trek universe specifically designed it that way regardless as to how realistic this is to the situation. Much like the hierarchy in the navy they have to wait for captains orders as they may decide to make a decision outside of the obvious for tactical reasons.",
"Warp drive works at faster than light speed, but it can probanly funking at less.",
"Primarily it is a plot device used to move the story forward."
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"text": "In both the graphic novels and the show the survivors have at least one member of their group get bitten, and start to show symptoms of the infection.",
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"text": "In the next episode, we see that he's getting very sick incredibly quickly.",
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"text": "We're led to believe he'll soon become a walker, an experience some of the survivors have had prior to Rick's waking up.",
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"text": "I think what we're seeing is that the disease that causes the walkers is dormant in living humans.",
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"text": "Once active, it animates the brain stem and turns the body into a walker (as shown in TS-19 ).",
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"text": "Now that the disease is active in that body, biting a living person introduces the active form of the disease to the living person's system.",
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"text": "It'll be interesting to see what happens with Lori's growing fetus in season 3.",
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"text": "Almost every interaction with the walkers ends with an inspection for cuts or bite marks.",
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"text": "This suggests that the current survivors don't believe that they have any particular immunity to becoming zombies themselves.",
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"text": "It also indicates that casual contact with the walker's fluids is not sufficient for transmission.",
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"text": "It is said in the series that all people are already infected with the disease...",
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"text": "This was revealed by Dr Jenner to Rick back in the first season.",
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"text": "TL;DR: Neither.",
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"text": "Zombie blood isn't that dangerous.",
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"text": "Word of God: Franchise creator, writer of the comics, and Executive Producer of both shows, Robert Kirkman: Q:",
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"text": "This is a real Comic Book Guy question – but do",
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"text": "I gather that if someone swallows a tiny bit of zombie blood they won’t turn into one of the undead?",
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"text": "There was a lot of it being sprayed around this episode",
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"text": "[Season Three, Episode 6, Hounded ].",
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"text": "Yeah, people to a certain extent think of zombie blood as being like the blood from Alien.",
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"text": "You know, in the Alien movies it’s like, “Oh god, if it touches you, you explode!”",
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"text": "or whatever.",
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"text": "Whatever it is that turns these people into zombies is in them already.",
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"text": "So the idea of getting zombie blood on your face, which happens all the time, and it turning you into a zombie is something that’s just not the case.",
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"text": "Now, that doesn’t make the zombie bite any less lethal.",
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"text": "You know, breaking the skin, having that kind of contact with the toxicity that zombie mouths would have, would be something that causes an infection that definitely would lead to your death and then the thing that’s already in you would turn you into a zombie.",
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"text": "So there is a science to this, to a certain extent.",
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"text": "Q:",
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"text": "A:",
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"text": "No.",
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"text": "No, no, no.",
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"text": "But anyway, zombie blood is not quite as deadly as a lot of people think.",
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"text": "I wouldn’t drink it in high volumes, though .",
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"text": "- Robert Kirkman, interview with Entertainment Weekly",
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] | {
"question": "From what I recall of 28 Days Later , where the old guy gets infected and turned with a bit of infected blood, they (or at least he) didn't have immunity to the plague, unlike in Left 4 Dead . Is this the case in The Walking Dead as well? They don't seem to be particularly careful about how they splatter the undeads' bodily fluids all over themselves (be it a rock to the head or machete to the gut).",
"title": "Do the survivors in The Walking Dead have immunity to the zombie plague or are they just lucky?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<the-walking-dead>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/6377",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/584/Nick T"
} | 74_27 | [
[
"The survivors do not have immunity. In the comics it is established that everyone is already infected. However, the disease only become active once a human dies and provided that the brain is not too damaged.",
"In the series and comics it is stated that everyone, alive or dead, is infected, however the disease does not become active until afterr they die. None of the survivors are immuned to the disease."
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"In the series and comics it is stated that everyone, alive or dead, is infected, however the disease does not become active until afterr they die. None of the survivors are immuned to the disease."
]
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"sents": [
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"text": "Nearly every species that controls their entire home world/system is named after said home world/home system with the notable exception of two: the Klingons and the Humans.",
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"text": "So it's natural to ask, \"okay, if they were going to make an exception for two, why not all of them?\"",
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"text": "However, it's much easier to explain if we ask the converse first:",
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"text": "why are Klingons and Humans treated differently?",
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"text": "Qo'noS wasn't established as the Klingon home world until Star Trek VI .",
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"text": "Before that, the only canonical mention of the Klingon homeworld was in \" Heart of Glory \" when it was actually called Kling .",
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"text": "Klingons from Kling: follows the same convention as all the other species.",
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"text": "The Star Trek Encyclopedia explains why it was changed: At the time the episode was written, Kling was intended as the name of the Klingon Homeworld.",
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"text": "Once the episode was filmed, it was realized that the name sounded pretty silly, so later scripts simply referred to \"the Homeworld.",
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"text": "\" The only time the Homeworld was given a name was in Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country, when it was called Qo'noS, pronounced \"kronos.\"",
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"text": "So that just leaves us Humans on Earth: calling us anything other than Humans or Earth anything other than Earth would be too foreign and confusing for the audience.",
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"text": "We're humans, so that's what we're called.",
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"text": "In Human languages, the use of the word predates First Contact and moreso the convention of calling species by their origin planet/world.",
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"text": "You might ask, \"why do the species all call themselves by their planet name instead of by a local name like the Humans do?\"",
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"text": "Well, they do use localized names: for example, \"Klingon\" in Klingonese is \"tlhIngan\".",
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"text": "But due to the magic of the universal translator , whatever localized name species use to call themselves gets translated to follow the Human convention.",
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"text": "That is, Klingons could call themselves \"tlhIngan\" or \" Joey Jo-Jo Junior Shabadoo \" in Klingonese, but the word would automatically be translated to \"Klingon\" by the Human universal translators.",
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"text": "In the same manner, the word \"Human\" would be translated to the localized word used by Klingons for Humans by their translators.",
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"text": "So to answer the question, the reason why species aren't given more exotic names is because, given the universal translator, it'd be entirely unnecessary.",
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"text": "Humans (and by extension, the audience) wouldn't need to use the localized name in everyday situations.",
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"text": "Those are their names in English.",
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"text": "In Vulcan, perhaps Earth is called the equivalent of human-world and English is called human-speak.",
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"text": "Keep in mind the country we call Germany calls itself Deutschland.",
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"text": "And many tribal peoples have words for their tribes that also mean all humans.",
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"text": "I'm guessing the main reason is lazy writing.",
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"text": "However, there are some in-universe explanations for some notable cases:",
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"text": "Some races are given English names that are very different from theirnative names.",
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"text": "For example, the Orions call themselves Kolari (thoughthey also call their homeworld Kolar, so I guess that's a badexample).",
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"text": "Conversely, Klingons normally refer to humans as tera'ngan , meaning \"inhabitant of Terra\".",
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"text": "This also happens on Earth.",
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"text": "The term \"Native American\" wasn't made up by Native Americans, nor is the word \"Aboriginal\" derived from an Aboriginal Australian language.",
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"text": "Some have made a conscious choice.",
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"text": "For example, it appears that when the Romulans left Vulcan, they called themselves Rihannsu , meaning \"the Declared\".",
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"text": "When they found a homeworld, they chose to call it ch'Rihan , meaning \"of the declared\".",
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"text": "Notice, by the way, that they don't call themselves Romulans; in one very influential Trek novel (\"My Enemy, My Ally\" by Diane Duane), the main character expresses surprise that humans would use such a strange name for them.",
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"text": "To complicate matters further, in \"Klingon for the Galactic Traveler\", it's explained that the Klingon words romuluS and romuluSngan (for the planet and species respectively) is based on the word \"Romulus\", rather than on the native Rihannsu .",
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"text": "So now we have former Vulcans referred to by Klingons with a word presumably made up by Humans.",
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"text": "It's also possible that as the peoples of a world unite, the words they use to describe themselves and their planet will grow to reflect this.",
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"text": "U.S. Americans haven't always called themselves Americans.",
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"text": "Swedes haven't always called themselves Swedes.",
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"text": "Christians haven't always called themselves Christians. ...",
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"text": "and before the great unification, the Federation Standard Dialect was called \"English\", apparently named after some obscure tribe native to some Federation planet.",
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"text": "I would expect other aliens call their planet Earth too (land/ground/dirt/soil/etc in their language).",
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"text": "Maybe \"Breen\" means ground and \"Betazed\" means Dirtlands and \"Vulcan\" actually mean rock in vulcanese.",
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"text": ":D",
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"text": "Who knows?",
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"text": "English:",
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"text": "Earth - EarthlinLatin: Terra - Terranand possibly \"human\" is also related to an ancient word for Earth which appears in the term humus, from the Latin word for soil.",
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"text": "So folks from the third planet circling Sol (the sun) are named for their home world, just like all the others.",
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] | {
"question": "Andorians come from Andoria (or Andor) Vulcans come from Vulcan Romulans come from Romulus Breen come from Breen Betazoids from Betazed Cardassians from Cardassia The list goes on and on (with a few exceptions, like Kronos). And then you have humans (terrans) which come from third planet in the Sol system called Humania, err Terra, err Earth. Why the lack of creativity in planet names for other species?",
"title": "Why aren't more species' planets named differently from their species name?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-trek><races>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/6668",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1148/Jack B Nimble"
} | 74_28 | [
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"The reason why species are not given more exotic names is because, given the universal translator, it would be unnecessary. That said, some races are given English names that are very different from their native names.",
"Just because the name of the planet is wriiten as it is in english does not mean that the planet uses the name on its home world."
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"text": "Terminal , the final episode of season 3, was originally going to be the end of Blake's 7 (this is why Gareth Thomas was persuaded to reprise the role of Blake for the episode, which of course happened again for the real conclusion).",
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"text": "The destruction of the Liberator was a suitably dark ending to the show, and the real set was used for filming its destruction (March 7th, 1980).",
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"text": "The end was so certain, that when the episode was broadcast (March 31, 1980), the cast and crew had already dispersed.",
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"text": "Most of them didn't even know that there would be more episodes until this was announced during the credit sequence at the end of Terminal .",
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"text": "The story (according to the Blake's 7 Summer Special for the final season) is that the Head of BBC Television was impressed by the episode and instructed (while it was airing!)",
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"text": "that an announcement be made during the end credits that the series would return.",
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"text": "At this point, there were both in-universe (it was a fairly definitive destruction, unlike the destruction of the 'sister ship' in the first season, and this was stolen technology was more advanced than most, so not easily repaired/rebuilt) and out-of-universe (the set was blown up!)",
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"text": "reasons to need a new ship, rather than a repaired/rebuilt Liberator .",
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"text": "Peter Tuddenham voiced both Zen and Slave (the computer of their next ship, Scorpio ), and also Orac, who survived the Liberator 's end.",
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"text": "Since he was already continuing as Orac, it made sense for him to do the voice of the new ship as well (and Zen and Slave's characters were sufficiently different that it wasn't especially obvious that this was the case).",
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"text": "The destruction of the Liberator (in the context of Terminal being the final episode at the time) provided Nation with with the opportunity to give Servalan what she has been seeking for the entire series...but only for a short time.",
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"text": "Servalan's desire for the Liberator can be argued as being the main story arc of Season 3 and this is arguably one of the reasons why many see Season three as weaker than season 1 or 2 as there was no real story arc for the heros.",
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"text": "It is even mentioned on the DVD commentary that when Tarrant says to Vila \"Can't always have what we want now Villa...",
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"text": "\" that this is the main theme of the episode.",
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"text": "Here we see the obsessed Servalan seizing control, gloriously commanding \"maximum power\", only to have her whole prize disintegtrate around her.",
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"text": "The destruction of the Liberator therefore becomes one of the strongest symbols of irony in the (entire) series.",
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"text": "Avon's smile at the end is also such a symbol of irony.",
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"text": "Throughout season 1 and 2, Avon had tried frequently hinted that he wanted the Liberator, \"I am free, I intend to stay that way\", \"....",
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"text": "I will take you back to earth",
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"text": "then the Liberator is mine, agreed ?",
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"text": "\" even proclaiming \"This is MY ship\" in Powerplay.",
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"text": "In Terminal, Avon is tricked into believing that Blake is alive, he falls into the trap, based on Servalan's conditioning about Blake.",
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"text": "\"You wanted to belive Blake was was alive\" and yet, in his persuit of Blake, he looses the one thing that he managed to win from Blake in the first place.....",
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"text": "The destruction of the Liberator therefore provides Ironic tradgedies to both hero and villian and was a stroke of genius from Nation.",
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"text": "A Blake's 7 magazine of the mid 1990's said that makers were influenced by the film Alien , which they found darker and a more grim reality.",
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"text": "They thought Liberator was too glamorous.",
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"text": "Though some of the Alien films are quite good, Blake's 7 is superior, and should never have sought to copy something inferior.",
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"text": "Best regards.",
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"text": "Steven Summer, of the Blake's 7 obsession website.",
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"text": "I saw in an interview, it was for one simple reason.",
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"text": "If it was not broke, it was stolen by visitors to set.",
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"text": "Limited wrist bracelet and guns.",
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"text": "So they started over.",
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"text": "Very simple, everyone associated with the show thought that 'Terminal' would be the final episode of the series.",
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"text": "Therefore, they destroyed the Liberator sets in one massive finale.",
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"text": "I read somewhere that the technology of the federation was catching up with that of the Liberators.",
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"text": "And the new persuit ships that Servalan had nearly caught them in a trap .Not",
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"text": "sure of the episode now, mentions the new persuit ships,so Blakes crew where going to have to upgrade soon anyway,which they got in Stardrive.",
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"text": "The photon drive or Stardrive was fitted into Scorpio.",
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"text": "Which makes sense ,everything is oudated sooner or later.",
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"question": "The Liberator was a beautiful ship design with good sets and an interesting computer (Zen). My question is not why it was destroyed in-universe, but why the writers decided to get rid of it. Was it too powerful? Did they have to dismantle the sets for some reason (cost, perhaps)? Did the new producer try to fix things that weren't broken? Did the voice of Zen choose to leave the show?",
"title": "Why did the writers of Blake's 7 destroy the Liberator?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/6927",
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"Terminal , the final episode of season 3, was originally going to be the end of Blake's 7. The destruction of the Liberator was a suitably dark ending to the show, and the real set was used for filming its destruction (March 7th, 1980). It is also said that the set was falling apart.",
"AS this was supposed to be the final episode of the series the directors wanted to go out with a big bang. In addition it served the plot conveniently as tp give Servalan what she had been seeking, but only for a short time as a cruel twist of irony. In addition there were some rumours about the set falling apart and so they needed to come up with a new one after the show was re-newed."
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"Terminal was supposed to be the final episode of the series and The Liberator being destroyed was going to be part of the big finally.",
"The destruction of the Liberator served as plot convenience at the end of the season to allow Servalan to take control of the ship she was seeking, but only for a short time allow for a cruel twist of irony.",
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"text": "In the classic series, the episode \" By Any Other Name \" features aliens from the Andromeda Galaxy.",
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"text": "In Next Gen, they end up in galaxy M33 in \" Where No One Has Gone Before \".",
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"text": "Bonus answers: By Any Other Name: It was a 300-year journey, so one presumes \"the hard way\", at a high warp speed.",
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"text": "Has Gone Before - enabled by the Traveler (and Wesley, I guess?), and his \"magic\" powers.",
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"text": "UPDATE:",
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"text": "The androids from I, Mudd were created by beings from the Andromeda galaxy.",
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"text": "Along with the other answers, Voyager introduced the Caretaker and his mate Suspiria, which are beings from another galaxy.",
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"text": "Memory Alpha has a list of Extra-galactic species , although not all have been \"encountered\".",
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"text": "Of course, The Enterprise was TRYING to leave the galaxy in \" Where No Man Has Gone Before \", but the Galactic Barrier made things go all kablooie.",
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"text": "In \" By Any Other Name \" the beings from the Andromeda Galaxy makes reference to this barrier and Kirk rather snidely waves him off: \"Yes, I know, we've been there!\"",
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"text": "It's one of my favorite Kirk moments.",
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"text": "In the original series episode, \"By Any Other Name\", visitors from the Andromeda Galaxy attempt to steal the Enterprise to return home.",
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"text": "I thought it might have been \"The Nth Degree\" but the aliens in that episode were from the center of the Milky Way.",
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"text": "In season 3 episode 26 of Star Trek Voyager, Species 8472 is referred to as being from \"outside of our galaxy\" (they're probably also outside of our universe, since they're from fluidic space).",
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"text": "The Borg used a modified deflector array to open a rift in space to invade fluidic space from the Delta quadrant, and since they were unable to assimilate the Undine, the creatures counterattacked into our galaxy.",
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"text": "Tin Man, AKA Gomtuu may have been \"born\" outside of our galaxy:",
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"text": "Gomtuu was a living spaceship who seemed to have been \"born\" far from Federation space, possibly in another galaxy.",
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"text": "Upon its discovery it was dubbed \"Tin Man\" by Starfleet and the \"Star Creature\" by the Romulans. From Memory Alpha As far as the \"bonus\", Tin Man transversed the distance over the course of millennia.",
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"question": "The Star Trek universe is set inside our own Milky Way, however has there been any instances of contact with life outside our own Milky Way? I understand the distance between our galaxy and the next is much bigger than distances typically traveled by warp capable ships but there could have been other means of communication or travel. Edit: Bonus question, how was such a vast distance traveled?",
"title": "Has there been any contact with life outside our own Milky Way in the Star Trek universe?",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7003",
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"In Next Gen, they end up in galaxy M33 in \" Where No One Has Gone Before \". Voyager introduced the Caretaker and his mate Suspiria, which are beings from another galaxy. Also, in season 3 episode 26 of Star Trek Voyager, Species 8472 is referred to as being from \"outside of our galaxy\".",
"There are multiple instances of contact with beings from outside of the milky way galaxy. A specific reference point being the episode \" By Any Other Name\" where the enterprise is a target for the Andromeda species, which come from outside of the Wilkyway. There are also reference to the main crew ending up in other galaxies, such as galaxy M33, and meeting up with species from different galaxies like the Voyager's."
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"The episode \" By Any Other Name\" is a staple episode for being from the Andromeda galaxy being introduced.",
"In next gen they end up in a galaxy other than the milky way i.e. galaxy M33",
"The voyager have been introduced to the series and are a race from outside of the milky way galaxy."
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"text": "With regards whole ship replication, there are notes in the Next Generation Technical Manual .",
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"text": "Given the existence of matter replication devices (like the show's \"food replicator\" terminals), a very logical question is: \"Why can't they just replicate entire starships?",
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"text": "\" The real reason is that such an ability would allow us to create entire fleets of starships at the touch of a button.",
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"text": "This might be great for Federation defense and science programs, but makes for poor drama.",
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"text": "For this reason, starship construction facilities (seen at Utopia Planitia in \"Booby Trap\" and Earth Station McKinley \"Family\") have been depicted as construction platforms rather than large replicators.",
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"text": "We assume that replication is practical for relatively small items, but that energy costs would be prohibitive for routine replication of larger objects.",
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"text": "(Jon Singer points out that if you could make a starship at the push of a button, you wouldn't need to....)",
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"text": "I would think that the cost/resources needed to make a replicator that size would take so long that it wouldn't be feasible.",
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"text": "I would think that it would be more cost effective to have small replicators to replicate all the parts, then have people or machines build the ships.",
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"text": "This would also give people jobs which would help with the whole 'perfect utopia' of Earth that Star Trek was trying to create.",
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"text": "I think that they do, at least they replicate the majority of the components and assemble them by hand.",
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"text": "Star Trek:",
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"text": "Enterprise foreshadowed the eventual use of replicators in the Dead Stop , where an automated repair station not only have the ability of replicating food but also ship components on-the-fly.",
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"text": "It stands to reason that replicators are how crews are able to repair massive damage to their vessels without the need to drydock.",
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"text": "Smaller replicators make much more sense than larger, ship-producing ones given their versatility: you can make components, useful for both construction and repair.",
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"text": "Plus there could also be a relation to the amount of energy and resources needed according to the size of the replicator.",
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"text": "In other universes, for example Stargate SG-1, the power requirements for the Stargate go up exponentially the larger the ring gets.",
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"text": "The same could be true in Star Trek: the larger the replicator, the greater the power draw to the point of being beyond diminishing returns.",
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"text": "There are industrial replicators , ostensibly used for mass production of components, but not anything as large as a starship.",
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"text": "Replication requires a lot of energy (as evidenced by the rationing of their use on the USS Voyager ) and it is very likely that assembly of components is more feasible than replicating a finished product.",
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"text": "For the same reason that they still farm and mine minerals.",
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"text": "Storage is at a premium on a starship, so there is nowhere near enough room to store months and months of food for hundreds or thousands of people.",
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"text": "Therefore, there is an advantage to replicate food",
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"text": "so you don't have to carry it, even though a single apple might require many times as much energy to \"build\" out of subatomic particles as it takes to grow.",
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"text": "The benefits outweigh the costs for space travel, but if it takes a billion units of energy to construct a starship out of mined materials, it might take a quintillion units of energy to entirely replicate one.",
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"text": "Similarly, they can replicate critical parts onboard rather than having thousands of parts prebuilt, stored onboard, and waiting, or finding, retrieving, processing, and fabricating the parts.",
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"text": "So the advantage is that a unit the size of a refrigerator takes the place of a dozen farms, a kitchen, a mine, a foundry, a factory, a tailor, and countless other facilities, with the expense of consuming a huge amount of energy.",
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"text": "The fact of the matter is that without one, the ships would need to come back to port every month, or be met wherever they were by a resupply ship, periodically, which would badly impair their ability to explore.",
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"text": "The replicators work very similarly to how the transporter works.",
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"text": "It is to put it simply a matter energy converter.",
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"text": "It takes energy from the ship which is fueled by deuterium then converts it into matter.",
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"text": "The size of the replicators adds to the power draw along side the energy required to be converted into matter.this means that large replicators would not be as efficient as several smaller ones.",
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"text": "On top of this the replication of smaller parts allows for more room for error because if there is a defect instead of Dematierializing a large object and thus using more energy, they can dematierialize a small object and expend less.on top of all this if it is put together by people or machines",
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"text": "it gives error control meaning that instead of the whole ship being faulty.",
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"text": "Its just one piece which a builder can spot, identify and get rid of.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "There is also the fact that SF is not a military organization intent on conquest so mass production is not a Necessity instead focus is put on innovation and improvements for each new ship which is something that requires finesse and precision changes not to mention R&D etc.",
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"text": "this is why you never see two ships that look 100% the same!",
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"question": "In Star Trek, it seems like they take forever to build ships. It takes months, if not years to make them. So why not just build gigantic replicators in space, then replicate the ship (excepting non-replicatable objects like the warp core)? This would presumably come with a huge energy cost, but would save massive amounts of time.",
"title": "Why don't they just replicate ships instead of build them?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-trek>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7035",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 74_32 | [
[
"Replication of an entire ship would take too many resources/too much energy. The benefits outweigh the costs for space travel, but if it takes a billion units of energy to construct a starship out of mined materials, it might take a quintillion units of energy to entirely replicate one. In addition, the viewer would care too little for the fate of the ship if they can just replicate a new one in minutes.",
"In universe it would cost too many resources to replicate a large ship so it is not fesable. Behind the scenes it has been states that this has also been done to make the audience care more about the ship."
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"In-universe it has been stated that it would take too many resources to replicate. ",
"Behind the scenes it was states that it is to make the audience care more about what happens to the ship."
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"text": "Let us assume normal physics.",
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"text": "The trappings of the Thor comic relies on the old adage about sufficiently advanced technology being like magic.",
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"text": "The only thing in normal physics we know of that might cause this kind of spacial locking is quantum levitation .",
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"text": "It is not simply being heavy, because his hammer has been used to pin people in place without crushing them.",
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"text": "This suggests that, like in the above video, Thor's hammer can 'turn on' superconductivity, and perhaps is so advanced that the geometry of the locking is stronger and effective even in a smaller magnetic field.",
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"text": "If this is the case, you'd have to go far into space before the effect would stop working.",
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"text": "And it would always be relative to the nearest strongly-magnetic source.",
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"text": "It also means that you might be able to overcome the locking with local magnets, if this is in fact the mechanics behind the hammer's ability to stay motionless when without Thor's grasp.",
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"text": "It also can explain the ability to toss the hammer.",
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"text": "See the video and use your imagination.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "After reading some of the answers here, and further Google (re)searching, I came to the following:",
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"text": "There are two parts to wielding Mjolnir.",
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"text": "Lifting Mjolnir Wielding Mjolnir",
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"text": "(possessing Thor's power) Before wielding Mjolnir, it needs to be lifted.",
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"text": "As portrayed in much of the modern comics and movies, unless you are worthy, the hammer won't budge from where it is (Excluding the axe/hammer version of Mjolnir ).",
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"text": "But in most cases, there is gravity in place.",
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"text": "When there is zero gravity, it can be moved.",
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"text": "Two examples of this: Ironman and Red Hulk are two characters that encountered Mjolnir in outer space, and were able to move, grasp, and even use it on Thor.",
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"text": "Ironman encounters Mjolnir in space, grabs it, and moves it.",
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"text": "Upon entering Earth's atmosphere, gravity pulls Mjolnir towards the ground, and Ironman can no longer move it.",
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"text": "Red Hulk is able to swing Mjolnir in space.",
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"text": "Although there may have been a loophole also that Rulk actually took possession of the hammer from Thor.",
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"text": "However, being able to lift or move Mjolnir doesn't equate to being worthy nor is the same as wielding it.",
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"text": "The inscription on the hammer states: Whosoever holds this hammer, if he be worthy, shall possess the power of Thor .",
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"text": "It doesn't say that it cannot be lifted.",
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"text": "It states that it be held AND if is worthy, shall possess the power of Thor.",
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"text": "So we can interpret Odin's enchantment to generally apply to those that lift it and are worthy.",
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"text": "For the cases when it can't be lifted, it is a side effect when gravity is present.",
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"text": "TL;DR",
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"text": "So, in short, yes it can be moved in outer space, but not wielded.",
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"text": "The worthy can lift and wield it.",
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"text": "The unworthy cannot lift it when gravity is present, but they can move it absent a gravitational pull.",
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"text": "They also cannot wield it nor possess the power of Thor.",
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"text": "Sources: Mjolnir wiki entry",
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"text": "How did the Red Hulk lift",
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"text": "Thor’s hammer?",
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"text": "Revamped Thor Respect Thread: Section on Essential Mjolnir [dead link]",
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"text": "I think DampeS8N's answer provides a more thorough explanation, but even assuming that the hammer can't be lifted on Earth by the unworthy simply because it's too \"heavy\", that somehow the mass of the hammer is felt by anyone who isn't meant to wield it, then the same would apply in space.",
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"text": "In space, you may not feel the force of gravity from a large planet, but the laws of mass and inertia still apply.",
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"text": "So if someone who isn't worthy of wielding it tried to pick up or swing the hammer, they would just swing themselves around the hammer instead of moving the hammer itself.",
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"text": "The will of Odin overwrites the physics, if the all father has decreed only the worthy can wield it, then, outer space or not, the hammer is unwieldable ( not immovable ) by Odin's will, there is no room for puny human physics loopholes to the contrary.",
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"text": "According to Odin's enchantment only the worthy can wield it, just being able to lift it",
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"text": "it doesn't mean they can",
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"text": "wield it, the same way a caveman can use a Sniper gun to club somebody in the head, the unworthy are unable to use the true power of the Mjolnir.",
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"text": "To them it is nothing more than a simple hammer.",
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"text": "No, only by Beta Ray Bill , but he doesn't need to, because Odin made him his own.",
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] | {
"question": "Thor's hammer, Mjolnir , according to Odin's enchantment, can only be wielded by those deemed worthy. Does this only apply when the hammer is subject to gravitational pull? What happens when it's in outer space away from any pull? Would those unworthy be able to wield it?",
"title": "Can Thor's hammer be wielded by anyone in outer space?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<marvel><thor-marvel><mjolnir>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7139",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1042/spong"
} | 74_33 | [
[
"When there is zero gravity, it can be moved. Ironman encounters Mjolnir in space, grabs it, and moves it, and Red Hulk is able to swing Mjolnir in space. The unworthy cannot lift it when gravity is present, but they can move it if there is no gravitational pull. However, it is said that the will of Odin overwrites the physics - if the all father has decreed that only the worthy can wield it, then, outer space or not, the hammer is unwieldable ( not immovable ), and there is no room for feeble human physics loopholes to claim the contrary. ",
"Though the hammer can be lifted in zero gravity it cannot be wielded meaning that the powers of Thor will not be bestowed upon you."
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"There are instances of individuals who are unworthy being able to lift the hammer is zero gravity.",
"The hammer can be lifted in zero gravity, but not wielded i.e. they cannot use Thor's powers."
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"text": "It does not directly mention an artificial food generator, but I think it is close and is is from the father of science-fiction: Jule Verne together with his son Michel wrote in \"In the Twenty-Ninth Century:",
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"text": "The Day of an American Journalist in 2889\"",
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"text": "(Au XXIXme Siecle:",
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"text": "La Journée d’un Journaliste Américain en 2889, first appeared 1889, but later modified and published again in 1891) about two things that come close to a food generator.",
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"text": "The story is about Francis Bennet, the owner of the \"World Herald\" (formerly \"New York Herald\") and a normal day in his life.",
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"text": "The Vernes actually anticipate quite a lot of developments and technologies.",
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"text": "You can find the full text here .",
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"text": "The first thing about food production that he mentions is not really clear to me.",
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"text": "It seems more like a distribution system for pre-cooked food, but might also be a replicator: Like everybody else in easy circumstances nowadays, Francis Bennett, having abandoned domestic cooking, is one of the subscribers to the Society for Supplying Food to the Home, which distributes dishes of a thousand types through a network of pneumatic tubes.",
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"text": "This system is expensive, no doubt, but the cooking is better, and it has the advantage that it has suppressed that hair-raising race, the cooks of both sexes.",
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"text": "Later Bennet is approached by inventors and owners of start up companies, requesting his opinion and funding.",
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"text": "One of these inventors found a way to transform all kinds of matters from one into another and even claims that creation of humans is possible: 'Sir,' he began, 'though the number of elements used to be estimated at seventy-five, it has now been reduced to three, as no doubt you are aware?' '",
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"text": "Perfectly,' Francis Bennett replied.",
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"text": "Well, sir, I'm on the point of reducing the three to one.",
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"text": "If I don't run out of money I'll have succeeded in three weeks.' '",
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"text": "And then?' '",
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"text": "Then, sir, I shall really have discovered the absolute.' 'And the results of that discovery?'",
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"text": "It will be to make the creation of all forms of matter easy - stone, wood, metal, fibrin . . .'",
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"text": "'Are you saying you're going to be able to construct a human being?' '",
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"text": "Completely ...",
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"text": "The only thing missing will be the soul!'",
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"text": "'",
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"text": "Only that!'",
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"text": "was the ironical reply of Francis Bennett, who however assigned the young fellow to the scientific editorial department of his journal.",
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"text": "He does not mention food, but all kinds of matter, hence describes a replicator.",
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"text": "If the guy gets his funding from Bennet and he gets it to work, he might be building the first replicator of science-fiction history.",
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"text": "Off the top of my head (and therefore probably not the earliest) Some of Niven's stories (e.g. At the Core ) from the 70's have \"autochefs\" that seem to synthesize food on demand.",
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"text": "Note that these are definitively not general purpose replicators: just moderately capable food synthesizers.",
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"text": "Tom Swift and the Space",
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"text": "Solartron had a way of generating water, oxygen, and components of food via a cyclotron of some sort.",
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"text": "(The energy that relativity requires to accelerate closer and closer to the speed of light became stable mass, even after the items slowed down).",
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"text": "This is from 1958",
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"text": "(Second Tom Swift series.",
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"text": "My local used book store has some of the first series, but wants $600 a book for it.)",
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"text": "I can not say with authority (still working on reading everything)",
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"text": "however, please take a look at this: http://www.aliencuisine.com/commentary/food-and-science-fiction-science-fiction-and-food/",
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"text": "The original Buck Rogers comic strips had several instances where humans created food (and other material goods) through the use of \"Electical Rays\".",
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"text": "That was in the 1920's so it doesn't beat the Verne reference.",
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"text": "Charles Tanner's Tumithak of the Corridors (1932) describes a post-invasion underground society where ancient machines manufacture food from rocks.",
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"text": "Neat trick, no?",
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"question": "I'm referring to devices like Star Trek replicators and matter compilers in Neal Stephenson's Diamond Age . Are you aware of any earlier occurrences of such devices in literature or cinema?",
"title": "What was the first known mention of artificial food generators?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<history-of><technology><science-fiction-genre><replicator>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7165",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1859/Phonon"
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[
"Jules Verne alluded to this concept in \"In the Twenty-Ninth Century. Some of Niven's stories (e.g. At the Core ) from the 70's have \"autochefs\" that seem to synthesize food on demand. The original Buck Rogers comic strips had several instances where humans created food (and other material goods) through the use of \"Electrical Rays\". Charles Tanner's Tumithak of the Corridors (1932) describes a post-invasion underground society where ancient machines manufacture food from rocks.",
"There are some references to synthetically producing food such as; Tom Swift and the Space, Buck Roger comics, Charles Tanner's Tumithak of the Corridors etc. Not all are exactly the same, but are similar in nature. "
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"text": "Wookieepedia - Star Wars:",
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"text": "Sith - Behind the scenes:",
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"text": "An issue of Star-Lord, published by Marvel Comics in 1973, featured a villain, Rruothk'ar, who was described as a \"Sith-Lord\".",
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"text": "As far as SW canon: BlueHarvest.net Scoops!",
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"text": "-",
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"text": "Star Wars:",
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"text": "A New Hope script: Star Wars: A New Hope script STAR WARS - Episode IV.",
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"text": "A NEW HOPE",
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"text": "From the JOURNAL OF THE WHILLS by George Lucas Revised Fourth Draft January 15, 1976 LUCASFILM LTD. ... INTERIOR: REBEL BLOCKADE RUNNER -- MAIN HALLWAY.",
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"text": "The awesome, seven-foot-tall Dark Lord of the Sith makes hisway into the blinding light of the main passageway.",
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"text": "I remember Darth Vader being referred to as a \"Dark Lord of the Sith\" before the prequel trilogy came out, probably before Episode V was released.",
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"text": "I don't think the Episode IV movie uses the phrase, but I think the novelization does.",
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"text": "But there was no explanation of what the word \"Sith\" means.",
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"text": "I believe Vader was called the Dark Lord of the Sith around the time of the initial movie's release, though I don't think mention of it was made in the film.",
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"text": "I believe there was mention in the original novel, though.",
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"text": "As Keith said, that concept wasn't expanded upon.",
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"text": "The question asks for 'real time'",
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"text": "as to when people would have known the term 'sith' DVK mentions the ANH scripts , but as far as I can tell these were not (officially) available until around the time of the special edition releases in 1997.",
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"text": "However, the official novelisation Star_Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker published November 12, 1976, does mention the Sith.",
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"text": "(and notably Palpatine's name for the first time)",
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"text": "Wikipedia notes:",
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"text": "The novel also refers to Darth Vader as a Sith Lord.",
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"text": "Although he was referenced as such in various merchandising tie-ins at the time of the original film , he is not referred to as a Sith Lord in the movie.",
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"text": "In fact, the term Sith Lord is not mentioned in the films until 1999's Star Wars:",
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"text": "Episode I –",
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"text": "The Phantom Menace",
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"text": "I've looked through the star wars vault but",
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"text": "the earliest mention I could see of Sith was on a lolly wrapper from 1980.",
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"text": "So I think the earliest 'canon' mention was in the novelisation in November 1976, but there would have been some unknown PR or merchandising that mentioned it before then possibly before the original film was even released.",
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"text": "Sith were in the initial scripts for the original Star Wars, as a honorable (tho dark) knightly order opposed to the Jedi (who were, at that time, called \"Jedi Bendu\", IIRC).",
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"text": "This was from before the movies were even made.",
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"text": "Their visible representative was a warrior called Prince Valorum (later, the unused name was recycled by Lucas for the chancellor of the Republic) who assisted the New Imperial general Darth Vader (yes, DV was the name of a repugnant, honor-less general, originally) to deal w/the protagonists of that early draft, tho Vader's vile behavior convinced him to join the heroes, instead.",
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"text": "I first heard the term \"Dark Lord of the Sith\" when I was like six or seven.",
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"text": "I saw Episode 4 in the Drive-",
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"text": "In theater.",
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"text": "Yeah",
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"text": "I just dated myself - LOL!",
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"text": "Anyway, I was a huge Vader fan after seeing Episode 4 as a kid, and was even him for Halloween 5 straight years before choosing Han Solo because a friend was Chewbacca.",
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"text": "But all things Vader, I had toys, comics and books, story 33 record albums, and trading cards and stickers.",
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"text": "In all the books and even on his original trading card, he is referred to as \"The Dark Lord of the Sith\".",
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"text": "Also in one of the story books he is referred to as a \"Sith warrior\".",
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"text": "And as said out here earlier, it's in the novels.",
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"text": "Everything I stated is from the original 70's releases.",
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"text": "However, nobody ever said what the Sith was in any of these original materials.",
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"text": "Oh, I just remembered asking my father what the Sith was, and he said it is probably \"Vader's religion\".",
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"text": "I guess my Pop was ahead of his time back in 77' - LOL :-)",
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"question": "I don't remember any mention of the Sith in the original trilogy. The few expanded universe books I've read (which predate the prequel trilogy) refer to \"Dark Jedi.\" When were the Sith first mentioned in Star Wars canon? (Real time, not in-universe time.)",
"title": "When did the Sith enter the Star Wars canon?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><sith>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7529",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/2943/Sean McMillan"
} | 74_35 | [
[
"An issue of Star-Lord, published by Marvel Comics in 1973, featured a villain, Rruothk'ar, who was described as a \"Sith-Lord\". However, first \"canon\" mention of the sith was in the official novelisation, Star_Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker, published November 12, 1976, does mention the Sith, but there may have been some unknown PR or merchandising that mentioned it before then, possibly before the original film was even released. ",
"The two earliest mentions of a \"Sith\" were from a Marvel published comic in 1973 and an official novelisation of Star Wars published in 1976. These seem to be the two earliest references."
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"The earliest reference to any kind of \"Sith\" was published by marvel comics in 1973. This featured a villain, Rruothk'ar, who was described as a \"Sith-Lord\". ",
"the Adventures of Luke Skywalker published November 12, 1976, does mention the Sith."
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{
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"text": "Short version :",
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"text": "No, all we know is that it's bigger on the inside.",
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"text": "Long version : The exact size, shape, and layout of the TARDIS has never been fully described, and the layout can change depending on season, and the writer.",
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"text": "The only fixed room in the TARDIS is the main control room (the room with the central console that is seen in almost every episode).",
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"text": "Even that room changes, usually getting a new layout, or slight improvements when there's a new Doctor (occasionally changing mid-Doctor, though).",
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"text": "There are a few other \"known\" rooms, including a Library, Wardrobe, Cloister Room/Bell (the Cloister Bell sounds when danger is imminent), a Holding Ring (which is where rooms of past companions could be found), and a Swimming Pool.",
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"text": "( Source ).",
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"text": "Additionally, there's various storage rooms, and it's implied that each companion, upon joining the Doctor in his travels, gets a room to store all their stuff.",
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"text": "There's also rooms that store food, a few bathrooms, lots of corridors, medical bays, and feasibly any number of other rooms used for any number of other purposes.",
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"text": "Additionally, there is at least one secondary control room used for a period of time by the Fourth Doctor.",
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"text": "In The Doctor's Wife, the TARDIS mentions that it has \"archived thirty control rooms\", only 12 of them had happened yet.",
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"text": "More details on the different control rooms can be found here: TARDIS Control Rooms",
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"text": "The only hard fact we have about the interior of the TARDIS is \"Bigger than the outside.\"",
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"text": "It's been said several times that the Doctor can control the configuration of the TARDIS interior, and he has in fact changed it several times (\"You've changed the desktop theme\" from the 10th Doctor's Children in Need special).",
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"text": "The inside of the TARDIS has no real effective limit - we've seen tiny containers with space for millions of Daleks in the new series, and we know that (this being Doctor",
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"text": "Who) anything that's stated is subject to future retcon.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I'm not sure how accurate or serious was the Doctor, but in Journey to the centre of the TARDIS , the Doctor states it is infinite: -Picture",
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"text": "the biggest ship you've ever seen.",
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"text": "Are you picturing it?",
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"text": "-Yeah.",
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"text": "-Good.",
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"text": "Now forget it.",
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"text": "'Cause",
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"text": "this ship is infinite.",
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"text": "Edit : But the Doctor always lies....... Edit 2 :",
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"text": "Buuuut I don't see a reason why the Doctor would want to lie about that.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In a discussion at the Permuted Press forums, Peter Clines said: \"The War TARDIS idea gets a lot of use in the books that revolved around the Time War (well... around the original Time War), like The Ancestor Cell .",
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"text": "One of the funny bits is that War TARDISes appear as massive, planet-sized battleships.",
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"text": "The Doctor's companions are terrified, but he brushes it off by explaining the Time Lords are just showing off and using the chameleon circuits to make the outside of each TARDIS match the inside.\"",
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"text": "I've yet to read that novel, but as it's an Eighth Doctor adventure, its canonicity is in question.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In the episode Journey to the Centre of the TARDIS , don't forget that the Eye of Harmony, or the main power source for the TARDIS is literally a decaying star sitting in what I can only describe as a Dyson sphere.",
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"text": "Big?",
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"text": "Big isn't the word for it.",
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"text": "Fracture the surface of the Earth?",
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"text": "I'd say closer to crushing it and terminating every speck of life on it.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Well, the Doctor once had to jettison a quarter of it (the TARDIS).",
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"text": "It was infinitely large, which caused a bit of cognitive dissonance for Adric.",
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"text": "(\"Castrovalva\", 19th season, first serial, January 1982)",
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"text": "That the jettisoned portion contained the Zero Room caused quite a bit of physical dissonance for the Doctor.",
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"text": "(Then, bizarrely: Carpentry to the rescue!)",
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"sents": [
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"text": "According to the 1983 Doctor Who Technical Manual , the TARDIS interior is infinite in size.",
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"text": "However, this would seem to be contradicted by statements in the show, including ones from the same era.",
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"text": "The most notable problem would be with the decision in jettison one quarter of the TARDIS in \" Castrovalva ,\" which does not really make sense if the ship is actually infinite.",
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"text": "I asked Peter Davison about this at a Doctor Who convention, and he said that, as far as he was concerned, the TARDIS was very large, but finite in size.",
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"text": "\"Big, big,\" was the way I think he phrased it.",
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"text": "He blew off whatever the Technical Manual said as irrelevant cruft.",
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"text": "Although I doubt Davison had ever looked at the book, dismissing it was probably not a terrible idea, since it contained some other obvious howlers—like placing the kaled mutant at the very bottom of the dalek interior it showed.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Maybe the Tardis is a procedurally generated world just like content is created in some computer games, where new rooms are automatically created as they are needed or discovered.",
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"text": "Effectively making it potentially infinite.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Wasn't there a episode a couple of years ago where they went into the future where the doctor was dead and the full tardis was acting as his tomb?",
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"text": "Also I recall a old episodes that showed the layout as a pyramid?",
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"text": "The question of size and mass makes sense in universe.",
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"text": "Time Lords can alter the size (dimension) of the TARDIS irrespective of the mass of the TARDIS.",
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"text": "(Time Lords being dimensional engineers after all!)",
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"text": "So while the TARDIS has infinite volume it does not necessarily have infinite mass.",
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"text": "This then allows for them to eject a quarter of the mass of the TARDIS even though it has an infinite volume in it's interior.",
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"question": "Do we have any idea how big the interior of the TARDIS is? Is it even a fixed size, since it was recently renewed ?",
"title": "How big is the interior of the TARDIS?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<doctor-who><tardis>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7608",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/143/Reinstate Monica - Goodbye SE"
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"According to the 1983 Doctor Who Technical Manual and Journey to the Centre of the TARDIS, the TARDIS interior is infinite in size. ",
"There are some references to the Tardis being infinite in size, however there is no way of knowing the actual size4 of the Tardis is still a mystery since it has never really been discussed in detail. So all be really know is \"it's bigger on the inside\"."
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"There are some references in the show where the Doctor states the Tardis is infinite. ",
"The specific size of the Tardis has never been fully explored or discussed. The only thing we really know is that \"it's bigger on the inside\""
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"text": "I read a long time ago - too long ago to remember the source, unfortunately - that the reason C3PO and droids like him have that connector between the forearm and upper arm that restricts his movement is because it is a safety precaution.",
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"text": "The droids are programmed to serve, but if something went wrong, a humanoid made of metal with full articulation could pose a severe physical threat to most humans.",
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"text": "Constructing them so that they can't move freely prevents them from doing harm should they malfunction or rebel.",
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"text": "I believe Anakin built him this way because he was simply following a standard kit design.",
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"text": "3PO is a protocol droid series.",
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"text": "It is designed to look presentable in diplomatic situations, talk, provide information and walk around (and on occasion, maybe present something with his hands).",
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"text": "The limitations could not be technological because even the early trade federation droids had more agility.",
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"text": "Instead, the limited agility and strength seems to be a part of its design as a droid that can never attack or threaten, even in self-defense.",
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"text": "In addition to that it may have been a cheap model.",
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"text": "The PD-series seem to be able to extend its arms just fine!",
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"text": "As for episode",
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"text": "I, it seems that Anakin built C-3PO based on Cybot Galactica 's design, probably using spare parts from the same.",
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"text": "I think he has a fair range of articulation in his arms and legs, just not very precise control over it.",
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"text": "Looking at a few pictures, it appears to me that his extensor muscle hydraulics should be able to move his arm nearly straight, though because of the way the flexor appears to be attached, if his arms went completely straight, he may need a bit of help starting to retract them, but on the other hand, since they're hydraulic, maybe the extensor could reverse itself and provide the necessary push.",
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"text": "His hips and shoulders on the other hand, look fairly limited.",
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"text": "We can only speculate on why Anakin made him this way (when he was 9),but it seems to me a fairly good way to make him.",
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"text": "As Plutor mentioned in a comment, Anakin reassembled him from scratch, so it was droid designers (presumably) who made this decision.",
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"text": "And why not?",
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"text": "He has enough motion to do what he was designed for, translating and explaining protocol to diplomats and politicians.",
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"text": "Hydraulic or probably electric servomechanisms that serve to keep such type of droids from falling or other possible collisions are less precise and have slower reactions than human neural abilities.",
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"text": "That is why androids of that type could not be very attractive with their articulation.",
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"text": "Additionally the reason why Lucas made androids to look not like human exactly is that such a humanoid will not be such attractive as C-3PO do.",
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"text": "Here is an article called Plastic People that could explain this concept.",
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"text": "I'm tempted to say yes.",
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"text": "If you look at this picture, the hydraulic piston would lie horizontally next to his arm if he extends it fully.",
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"text": "If the piston is long enough, then he should be able to stretch them out.",
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"text": "Notice that both ends of the piston are on articulated ends that rise above the rest of the arm.",
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"text": "If they were embedded within the arm, then he would never be able to stretch out his arms (the piston could not be horizontal).",
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"text": "By elevating them with the articulation, the piston can lie flat, and he can stretch.",
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] | {
"question": "Through all Star Wars movies, C-3PO seems quite limited in his movement. I noticed his elbow articulation even seems welded in place. What level of amplitude does he have in his arm articulation? And why he was made that way?",
"title": "Could C-3PO fully extend his arms?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7730",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45/DavRob60"
} | 74_37 | [
[
"It is said that the reason C3PO has that connector between the forearm and upper arm that restricts his movement is as a safety precaution. This limited agility and strength seems to be a part of its design, as a droid that can never attack or threaten, even in self-defense.",
"He is designed this way as a safety protocal in the event that he malfunctions and attempts to hurt humanoids. With this design he is incapable of doing so."
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"He is designed this way as a safety protocal in the event that he malfunctions and attempts to hurt humanoids. With this design he is incapable of doing so. "
]
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[
{
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"text": "Droids have personality, and that personality can be masculine or feminine.",
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"text": "and C-3P0 have (arguably) masculine personalities, either because they developed that way or they were initially programmed that way.",
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"text": "Or, potentially, because I have a cultural bias that paints the actions of both as 'more male' than 'more female'.",
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"text": "Therefore it's not incorrect to apply gendered pronouns to them.",
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"text": "'It', however, would also be accurate.",
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"text": "Some droids, rarely referenced, are more appropriate to be called 'male' or 'female' due to...",
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"text": "enhancements made to suit their primary purpose, but they are rarely touched upon even in the books.",
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"text": "There's more evidence that C-3P0 is male, quite famously.",
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"text": "As this NSFW photo attests to",
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"text": "According to the Star Wars: The Clone Wars Character Encyclopedia , droids can have programmed genders or no gender at all.",
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"text": "For example: (apologies for the poor image quality, no apologies for the free-hand red circles.)",
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"text": "Male: Female: None:",
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"text": "Varied:",
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"text": "Therefore, a droid should be referred to as \"he,\" \"she\" or \"it\" based on what gender (if any) it had been programmed to have.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The script refers to both R2-D2 and C-3PO as male, and although we don't know what R2 is saying in his dialogue, we do hear 3PO refer to R2 as a male on several occasions.",
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{
"text": "An explosion rocks the ship as two robots, Artoo-Detoo (R2-D2) and See-Threepio (C-3PO) struggle to make their way through the shaking, bouncing passageway.",
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"text": "Both robots are old and battered.",
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"text": "Artoo is a short, claw-armed tripod.",
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"text": "His face is a mass of computer lights surrounding a radar eye.",
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"text": "Threepio, on the other hand, is a tall, slender robot of human proportions.",
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"text": "He has a gleaming bronze-like metallic surface of an Art Deco design.",
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"text": "And later: THREEPIO",
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"text": "That malfunctioning little twerp.",
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"text": "This is all his fault!",
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"text": "He tricked me into going this way, but he'll do no better.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "FLO (WA-7), the waitress droid from Dex's Diner in Attack of the Clones, was obviously intended to look and sound female.",
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"text": "There are definitely droids that have an apparent gender.",
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"text": "There are definitely droids that have no gender as well.",
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"text": "Star wars.",
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"text": "I'd say a lot of the droids there have no personality, limited personality, or hidden personality.",
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"text": "Either way, they definitely look androgynous.",
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"text": "There's a cultural bias, that when a AI expresses a personality that has neither masculine or feminine traits, they are seen as masculine anyway.",
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"text": "See R2-D2.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The obviously female ones shouldn't be called 'droids' anyway, assuming that the term is a contraction of 'android'.",
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"text": "Strictly speaking 'androids' are male and 'gynoids' are female, so they'd be called 'noids'.",
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] | {
"question": "Inspired by this question. Are droids in the Star Wars universe referred to with gendered pronouns (i.e. he or she), or are they referred to as objects (i.e. it)?",
"title": "Is a droid a ‘he/she’ or an ‘it’?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><droids>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7731",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 74_38 | [
[
"The script refers to both R2-D2 and C-3PO as male, and we hear 3PO refer to R2 as a male on several occasions. Some droids appear to have a gender, while others do not.",
"Droids can be programmed with genders and can ever be designed to lean towards a specific gender or they can have no gender at all. There are cases of C-3PO refering to R2-D2 with male pronouns on a number of occassions."
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"It is a definite fact that droids can have genders programmed into them and can even be designed to work with certain gender coding.",
"There a definitely droinds who have genders and droids who do not. These droids exist as there are references of C-3PO using male pronouns to refer to R2-D2"
]
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[
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"text": "When Lucas was talking about making three trilogies, he said that the droids (R2-D2 and C-3PO) were the only ones that would be in all three trilogies and in all nine movies (this was in the 70s, when he said there would be three trilogies).",
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"text": "He said the story was basically told through their eyes.",
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"text": "Excluding The Clone Wars (the movie and both animated series), here's the actors who were in both trilogies (but not always in all films): Anthony Daniels played C-3PO and Kenny Baker played R2-D2 in all six movies.",
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"text": "Frank Oz , as you have already mentioned, played Yoda's voice in five movies.",
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"text": "Ian McDiarmid played Senator/Chancellor/Emperor Palpatine (and Darth Sidious) in 4 movies (Episodes I-III and VI) originally, but was dubbed in for Episode V later .",
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"text": "So you could say he was in four of the movies when they were originally released, but is currently in 5 of the movies.",
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"text": "Also, as you pointed out, James Earl Jones was in four films as Vader's voice, and when Hayden Christensen was added in to Episode VI (replacing Sebastian Shaw at the end), he was in three films.",
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"text": "While some say Greedo showed up in 2 films , one in each trilogy, he was played by different actors in Episode I and Episode IV.",
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"text": "If the Special Editions are taken into account Temuera Morrison is in 3 films, playing Jango Fett and his clones in Episodes II and III and voicing Boba Fett in the Special Edition of Episode V.",
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"text": "What about Chewbacca played by Peter Mayhew, he was in III and IV-VI",
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"text": "You guys forgot Warwick Davis!",
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"text": "He played Wicket in Episode VI (in costume) and also had 4 (uncredited) appearances in Phantom Menace",
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"text": "He had four brief uncredited appearances in The Phantom Menace—one as W. Wald, the young Rodian friend of Anakin Skywalker; the other as Weazel, one of the gamblers at the podrace.",
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"text": "Davis also had a cameo as a \"Tatooine street trader\", and doubled Yoda in some of his \"walking\" scenes in Episode I",
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"text": "The only characters to appear in both trilogies were Anakin Skywalker / Darth Vader, Obi-Wan Kenobi, The Emperor, R2-D2 and C-3PO, plus the muppet character Yoda.",
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"text": "The first two were played by other people, except the appearance of Hayden Christensen as you mention.",
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"text": "Ian McDiarmid played Emperor Palpatine (as Kev's answer mentions).",
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"text": "You also mentioned Yoda 's voice ( Frank Oz ).",
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"text": "On the subject of voices, James Earl Jones played Darth Vader 's voice in both trilogies.",
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"text": "Finally, Anthony Daniels played C-3PO and Kenny Baker played R2-D2 in both trilogies.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Ian McDiarmid appears as the emperor in episodes",
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"text": "I, II, III and VI in the original trilogy.",
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"text": "He is also in the amended version of episode V, but not the original theatrical version.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The only actor whose face can be seen in both trilogies is Ian McDiarmid (1, 2, 3, 6 added later to 5).",
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"text": "Another actor whose face can be seen is Hayden Christensen who was digitally added later into Ep. 6.",
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"text": "Others that appear on screen but with a body costume, are Peter Mayhew (3, 4, 5, 6), Anthony Daniels (all) and Kenny Baker (all).",
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"text": "And the actors that contributed with their voice are; James Earl Jones (3, 4, 5, 6) and Frank Oz (1, 2, 3, 5, 6).",
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"text": "Now that the cast for sequel trilogy is apparent, we might have some of these actors appear in 3 trilogies on top of obvious 4 appear in their 2nd.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "As I remember from seeing \"The Empire strikes Back\" preview before the initial Australian cinema release in 1980, the Emperor appeared at least in holographic communication with Darth Vader.",
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"text": "Vader moved his Star Destroyer to where he could get better reception first.",
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"text": "I don't know if that was Ian McDiarmid or another actor.",
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"question": "Apart from the voice of Yoda, Frank Oz , have there been any other actors who played a role in both trilogies? I suppose Hayden Christensen counts, having been recently included in the Blu Ray version of Episode VI.",
"title": "Which Actors Were Featured in Both Star Wars Trilogies?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-wars><actors>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/7881",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1395/Anthony"
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[
"Ian McDiarmid played Emperor Palpatine episodes 1,2, 3 5 and 6. Excluding The Clone Wars, the following actors were in both trilogies (but not always in all films): Peter Mayhew played Chewbacca, Anthony Daniels played C-3PO and Kenny Baker played R2-D2 in all six movies, not forgetting Warwick Davis. James Earl Jones and Frank Oz were both voice actors in both trilogies. ",
"A number of actors make an appearance in both trilogies including Ian McDiarmid, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, Peter Mayhew, Warwick Davis etc. "
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"Ian McDiarmid appeared in both trilogies.",
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"Warick Davis makes un-acredited appearances in both trilogies.",
"James Earl Jones appears in both trilogies.",
"Hayden Christensen appears in both trilogies."
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"text": "As far as canonical sources, I don't believe there's ever been an inorganic Force-sensitive (due to everybody's favorite M-word, as mentioned).",
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"text": "Non-canonically, there's always Skippy the Jedi Droid !",
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"text": "In Zahn's Thrawn Trilogy , Jedi Master C'Boath explains to Luke Skywalker that droids are simply holes in the Force - so, at least as far as c-canon goes, it looks like droids are not capable of tapping the Force.",
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"text": "We need some wisdom from Master Yoda on this one: My ally is the Force.",
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"text": "It is the energy field created by all living things.",
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"text": "Luminous beings are we, not this crude matter.",
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"text": "That seems to make it fairly cut-and-dried: the Force needs life.",
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"text": "Shards are Force-sensitive inorganic beings that sometimes had droid bodies: Iron Knight .",
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"text": "No, but perhaps there could be To the best of my knowledge, no Force-sensitive droids have been mentioned in canon , let alone Jedi or Sith droids.",
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"text": "In Legends, there is Skippy the Jedi Droid , but he was non-canon even back in the old EU days.",
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"text": "As to whether it’s possible for a droid to be Force-sensitive, we can’t be sure.",
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"text": "There exists at least one major obstacle to any potential Jedi or Sith droid .",
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"text": "The Force possesses a biological 1 factor: the midi-chlorians : Q: What are midi-chlorians?",
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{
"text": "A:",
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"text": "Midi-chlorians are tiny, intelligent life-forms that live inside the cells of all living things in the galaxy.",
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"text": "They do no harm, and help their host use the Force.",
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"text": "Star Wars: Absolutely Everything You Need to Know",
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"text": "These entities live inside all living cells.",
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"text": "Since droids have no cells, and are constructed from steel, silicon, and various other mechanical and electronic parts, they lack midi-chlorians.",
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"text": "As such, droids have no connection to the Force.",
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{
"text": "2",
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"text": "The droid 0-0-0 proposed a way around this, though, one which might enable a droid to use the Force.",
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"text": "If a droid were specially constructed to contain human blood, the Force could flow through it:",
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"text": "As such, while the average “droid on the street” could not be Force-sensitive, a purpose-built one might be.",
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"text": "It’s important to take this suggestion with several grains of salt, though: It’s untested.",
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"text": "It’s hard to know what would happen if it were implemented.",
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"text": "Would the midi-chlorians care?",
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"text": "The Force?",
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{
"text": "Maybe, maybe not.",
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"text": "Even if they both had no problem with a Force-sensitive droid, mass production might still fail.",
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"text": "Vader dismissed it out of hand.",
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"text": "The droid that thought of it was a psychotic torture technician with no particular expertise in the Force.",
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"text": "1",
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"text": ": There’s clearly a little more going on with the Force than mere biology.",
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"text": "While the Force can be inherited (Luke and Anakin; Talzin, Maul and Savage Opress), this doesn’t usually seem to be the case.",
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"text": "Force-sensitive people pop up, not only with with no Force-sensitive relatives, but quite possibly no Force-sensitives on their entire planet (don’t forget, there were only 10,000 Jedi).",
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"text": "It’s not at all clear that the opposite (Force sensitives having Force-sensitive children) is that reliable, either.",
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"text": "Don’t forget, Force sensitivity comes from a mystical energy field and magical, intelligent symbiotes.",
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"text": "2:",
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"text": "Darth Vader 18",
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"text": "I just found out in Star Wars Saga Edition that at level 3, player droid characters may generate an Independent Droid Class which may produce a \"Force\" effect of up to 5 points.",
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"text": "MagnaGuards also possess a small amount of \"Force\" power (a default position of 1 point).",
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"text": "No droid in and of itself was able to use the Force.",
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"text": "However, there were droids that made use of biological components that were able to use the force in some way.",
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"text": "Specifically in the no longer canon (sorry EU/Legends) book The Cestus Deception \"Bio-Droids\" make use of an unusually Force-sensitive creature called a Dashta Eel granting them combat capabilities almost on par with Jedi.",
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"text": "Shards are droid with the Force:",
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"text": "Shards were a silicon-based species native to the planet Orax, who took the form of irregularly faceted cylindrical crystals thirty to forty centimeters in length.",
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"text": "Faint pulses of light—thought signals propagating through their \"brains\"—could be seen inside their bodies.",
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"text": "Shards were immobile in their natural state, but could be installed in specially modified droids.",
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"text": "Star Wars Wiki, Shard",
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"text": "Since droids are not considered living things, the force most likely won't exist with them.",
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"text": "But the way technology is in the Star Wars universe, I can easily see a droid use technology to imitate the results of using the force.",
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"text": "Like force lightning could be imitated by using an Arc Emitter to shoot and direct bolts of lightning.",
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"text": "An electromagnetic field or something like that can imitate the telekinetic form of the force.",
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"text": "In the original trilogy during Luke's training with Yoda, Yoda does tell Luke that all life creates the force but in the same breath he throws a monkey wrench into it and says rocks create the force.",
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"text": "Droids are technically living beings they have personalities and various mannerisms though programmed into them they do want to preserve themselves when endangered as is typical of any living being the only difference between a human/ alien and a droid is that droids are mass produced.",
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"text": "In S.W. K.o.t.",
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"text": "O.R. wearing any armor restricts the type of force powers you can use, like Darth Vader and his prosthetic limbs being unable to create blue force lightning but it doesn't say that he can't use other offensive force abilities I.E. force choke or telekinesis.",
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"text": "Droids are living but they are different type of life form",
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"text": "they are artificial.",
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"question": "In the films, I only saw organic life forms become Jedi or Sith. Were there ever any droids who could use the Force? Or is that impossible because of the M-word ?",
"title": "Are there any Jedi or Sith droids?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/8081",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/143/Reinstate Monica - Goodbye SE"
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"In the canon, it is not beliveed that there has been an inorganic Force-sensitive being. In Zahn's Thrawn Trilogy, Jedi Master C'Boath explains to Luke Skywalker that droids are simply holes in the Force. However, shards are Force-sensitive inorganic beings that sometimes had droid bodies, such as Iron Knight, not forgetting Skippy the Jedi Droid !",
"There is a consideration for droids and droid like creatures that can use the force such as the Sharde's as well as the legend of Skippy the Jedi droid, but it is canonically considered that droids cannot use the force. "
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"text": "In the book, they are much more explicitly vampires.",
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"text": "Even in the Will Smith movie, the creatures are vampiric (and referred to as such, I think)",
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"text": "- they hide from the sun, which burns them, they drink blood, and they are transformed from normal humans.",
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"text": "In the book, there's a difference between vampires - some are dead vampires and some are living.",
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"text": "The dead are mindless monsters, the living can be civil and have their own society.",
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"text": "They are NOT traditional vampires, if that term really means anything anymore",
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"text": "(I'm looking at you, Buffy, Twilight, and Harry Dresden), but they absolutely are NOT zombies.",
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"text": "Zombies are not intelligent, do not have any form of social interaction, do not fear the sun, and can't become human again.",
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"text": "All of this runs counter to the movie.",
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"text": "In the earliest stories of the undead, they were purely creatures of magic.",
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"text": "There aren't many variants either, almost all of them are what you and I would recognize as vampires.",
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"text": "These are creatures that drink blood, kill and convert the living to what they are, can't abide the light of day, and can't easily be destroyed.",
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"text": "None of their traits or abilities need to be explained by physics.",
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"text": "In the modern movie, they are some sort of mutant or persons afflicted with a chronic condition.",
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"text": "Though they do not have any obvious magical powers, they seem to have much more energy than can be accounted for...",
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "what are they feeding on?",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Stronger and faster than the best athletes...",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "but they aren't eating Michael Phelps' 10,000 calorie diets (that we can see).",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "If they really do eat people...",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "why haven't they all starved?",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "If they are just feeding off what food is left in grocery stores and the like, why aren't they fighting each other over it (or if peaceful, cooperating with Will Smith)?",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Other movies make vampires/zombies more clearly magical (remake of Dawn of the Dead).",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Yet others don't care, they exist solely as a vehicle for horror and gore.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Everything considered, I Am Legend creates its own new creature that merely borrow from vampires.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/7603/John O",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In no way are they zombies mostly because zombies are not intelligent nor do they fear light.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "We see intelligence when they stalk towards nevilles house and attack him there.",
"label": [
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"text": "Even he said that they could follow him.",
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{
"text": "Also they are bright enough to know how to hunt and know how to defend themselves.",
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"text": "They are not quite vampires either.",
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "For one they do not drink blood, going back to the deer they had caught only its head was remaining and all the meat was gone.",
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"text": "They also have the possibility of turning back into humans which is idiotic to even believe unless you are watching twilight.",
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{
"text": "They are simply infected.",
"label": [
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],
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{
"text": "The virus caught on because they believed they had a cure for cancer.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "Which these mutated viruses became airborne.",
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"text": "It was a mix of different types of terrible diseases.",
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"text": "They are a new creature all in their own.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/11660/kaylee",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In the movie, they are classed as darkseekers.",
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{
"text": "Their own breed of monster.",
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},
{
"text": "In the book, they are classed as vampire-like creatures as they are based off of vampires, but they don't follow the classic scheme.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "Also they can't be zombies as the book",
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{
"text": "I Am Legend gave rise to the zombie anyways.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/10768/Robert Neville",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I use closed captions while watching movies, and the captions actually referred to the creatures as \"hermaphrodites\"...",
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},
{
"text": "in my mind that is just politically incorrect, and it always had me wondering as to why the captioning company would refer to them as something like that unless they got that term from the moviemakers themselves.",
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{
"text": "Turn on your captioning and the part where the deer runs into the dark building, you will see in parenthesis (hermaphrodites panting) or something to that effect.",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "I think they are zombies because in I am Legend they die because of the disease contract, but then they come back to life right afterwards.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/32654/user32654",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In the movie, the creatures are somewhat like vampires but we see no direct evidence that they drink blood although they seem to be attracted to blood (which is used as a lure) and perhaps they do explicitly drink blood since instead of \"dark seeker\" in the original script a term is used for them that involves the root \"hemo.\"",
"label": [
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{
"text": "(Hemocyte is the term that does not mean much afaik besides the root.)",
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{
"text": "Importantly, in the original book by Matheson, they are exactly \"vampires\" --",
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{
"text": "that is the central idea of the story, that what we used to call vampires were in fact victims of a bacteria that caused them to behave just like legendary vampires, minus the supernatural aspects, like they could not transform into bats, etc.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "The closest thing to a supernatural characteristic is that people who die from the plague reanimate, driven by the bacteria and such reanimates behave differently than people who do not dies from the illness.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/105042/releseabe",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "I Am Legend is based on the book I Am Legend by Richard Matheson.",
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{
"text": "It's a 1950s era book when the zombies as we know them today didn't even exist.",
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{
"text": "In the book they are basically vampires, he uses mirrors, crosses, garlic, stakes and the like to ward them off.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "He researches their symptoms as if they are vampires.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/7682/Trey",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The movie I Am Legend does talk about these strange creatures.",
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},
{
"text": "But, they die easily when shot by a gun, so that provides with another question to answer: \"",
"label": [
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},
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"text": "Vampires don't die easily, right?\".",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Zombies, however, die easily.",
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{
"text": "So, are they zombies or vampires?",
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"text": "I believe they are zombies.",
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{
"text": "Because in the movie Will Smith and his family were driving to safety and one of the creatures",
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"text": "went through the window and bit the wife.",
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},
{
"text": "Normally, if it was a vampire the blood would have been gone immediately, but it took some time for her to die.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/19632/chase clancy",
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}
] | {
"question": "Are the creatures in I Am Legend zombies, vampires, zompyres, or something else?",
"title": "What are the creatures in I Am Legend?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<movie><vampire><zombie><undead><i-am-legend>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/8142",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/285/Mateen Ulhaq"
} | 74_42 | [
[
"In both the book and in the film, the creatures are vampiric, although some are dead and some are living. Mirrors, crosses, garlic and stakes are used in the book to ward them off and in the film they are classed as darkseekers. However, some claim that they are simply infected.",
"In \"I am Legend\" both the film and book refer to these creatures as vampire like creatures though they are not quite vampires. Instead the are more comonly known as the infected or darkseekers."
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"In both the film and book they are viewed as vampire like creatures though they are not entirely vampires.",
"They are more formally refered to as darkseekers or simply \"infected\""
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[
{
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"text": "The Wikipedia page appears to be out of date.",
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"text": "The latest season reveals that Zoidberg is in fact employed for a very specific purpose: To kill Dr. Farnsworth should he develop symptoms of hypermalaria, due to the gruesome death it entails otherwise.",
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"text": "While this proved ultimately unnecessary, due to the Professor not being infected with hypermalaria at all, but rather with Yetiism, he is likely kept on even after this, out of gratitude.",
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"text": "Besides all of this, he is a moderately competent knower of non-human biology, which is occasionally useful.",
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"text": "The very first episode gives ample evidence that he is employed by Planet Express.",
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"text": "We know that he is very poor, and expects doctors to be poor (From the episode where Leela begins dating a doctor).",
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"text": "Thus, he's not very well paid.",
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"text": "I suspect, but have no canon confirmation, that he is employed by Planet Express because he will give the results the management wants from any given procedure (his extreme pliability is demonstrated in How Hermes Requisitioned His Groove Back ).",
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"text": "It is likely FAR easier for this interstellar shipping company, which most likely must keep all medical records up to date and provide documentation of things like immunizations, biohazard clearance, etc to have a doctor on staff rather than bribe a different one each time they need falsified paperwork.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Season 6, episode 18, \"The Tip of the Zoidberg\" explains how the Prof and Zoidberg met and why Prof Farnsworth won't fire him.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/3940/Alicia d.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "As explained in the episode titled \" The Tip of the Zoidberg ,\" he has a pact with the Professor to kill him once the effects of hyper-malaria set in.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/7273/Andy white",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I thought it was just a spoof on Star Trek, where a medical officer figures prominently in the cast of characters.",
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/11882/Ken A",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Zoidberg and the Professor are old \"war\" buddies, and the Professor thinks himself to have caught Tritonian Hyper Malaria.",
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"text": "Because of this, he wants Zoidberg to kill him when the symptoms begin (as shown in \"The Tip of the Zoidberg).",
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"text": "However, the Professor really just has Yetism, so Zoidberg is really kept around from then on because he saved the Professor from that and cured him.",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "zoidberg did say in an episode something along the lines of printing a medical degree.....",
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"text": "and in the episode where leela suffers \"squidification\" zoidberg says \"lets get you to a real doctor\"......",
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"text": "though when they're hunting the tritonian yeti mom says \"you want an alien hacked to pieces, he's the best we,ve got....",
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{
"text": "in the budget category\" which makes me think the med school was probably a not good one and in the same episode Conrad suggested that if zoidy was to inject the toxin from the yeti that it would make him a double yeti......",
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{
"text": "guess what Conrad was right.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45426/Shabadoo",
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] | {
"question": "For the most part, the Planet Express crew seems to actively dislike Zoidberg, and Professor Farnsworth and Hermes aren't exactly warm fuzzy balls of sympathy and compassion. They have to be employing him for a specific purpose - Amy is there for her blood type, the three main crew have their purposes given in the first episode, Hermes to run the company, Scruffy to clean (presumably) - but what is Dr. Zoidberg's actual job at Planet Express?",
"title": "Why does Planet Express employ Dr. Zoidberg?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<futurama>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/8155",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/3923/Chris Lutz"
} | 74_43 | [
[
"The latest season reveals that Zoidberg is employed to kill Dr. Farnsworth should he develop symptoms of hypermalaria, due to the gruesome death it entails otherwise.",
"Zoidberg is hired to kill the professor should his symptoms for hypermalaria set in. That is his real reason for staying."
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"Zoidberg is hired to kill the professor should his symptoms for hypermalaria set in."
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[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "According to Memory Alpha there were Vulcan ships being used for transport and exploration.",
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"text": "For instance, one Vulcan ship ventured into the Gamma Quadrant during the time of DS9.",
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"text": "In the old continuity of the new Star Trek, the Vulcan Science Academy built the extremely fast ship to facilitate Ambassador Spock's attempt to save the Romulan homeworld.",
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"text": "The ship (and the time worm hole it created) is the bridge between the old continuity and the new one.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "In addition to the already mentioned Jellyfish from the 2009 Star Trek movie, We do see three Vulcan transport ships in the TNG episode Unification , although Memory Alpha describes them as Apollo class Federation vessels.",
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"text": "Also, in ST:TMP, we see a Federation long-range shuttle carrying Spock to the Enterprise.",
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"text": "Memory-Alpha has this quote from the man who designed the model for the movie:",
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"text": "\"They were hopefully designed to be the new standard shuttle for the movie Enterprise-era.",
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"text": "The Vulcan shuttle is actually a Starfleet shuttle, co-designed with Vulcan engineers.",
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"text": "That's why it has subtle repetitions of that ceremonial 'gong' shape we saw in \"Amok Time\".",
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"text": "Perhaps it's reasonable to speculate that once the Federation was formed, Vulcan consolidated their starship design and construction with Starfleet.",
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"text": "We see Spock has a Vulcan ship in the Star Trek 2009 movie.",
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"text": "Although the movie creates an alternate timeline, his ship is from the original timeline and should then be considered canon.",
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"text": "That being said, in the new timeline I doubt very much Vulcan ships will be seen!",
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"text": "Your question isn't explicit about what you mean by \"Vulcan ship\" - if you mean Vulcan-designed and built, I can only think of the shuttle NorbyTheGeek mentions, but in TOS there's a Constitution-class cruiser, the USS Intrepid, crewed by Vulcans.",
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"text": "Besides ship in Star Trek: First Contact movie, I have seen many Vulcan ships in Star Trek:",
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"text": "Enterprise TV Series before establishment of Federation.",
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"text": "They can be identified by ring around ship:",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The T'Vran was a Vulcan science vessel that was in service in the mid-24th century.",
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"text": "In 2369, the T'Vran was on an exploration mission of the Gamma Quadrant.",
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"text": "In that year, on its return trip to the Alpha Quadrant, the T'Vran offered assistance to the Starfleet runabout USS Ganges, located on the outskirts of the Chamra Vortex.",
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"text": "Although its pilot, Odo, required no assistance, he did request to have two Rakhari survivors aboard transported back to Vulcan.",
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"text": "(DS9: \"Vortex\")",
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] | {
"question": "This Star Trek question popped up in chat today. Setting aside Enterprise , do we ever see in a Star Trek show or movie a Vulcan designed and built ship that was built after the Federation was established?",
"title": "Are there any Vulcan ships?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<star-trek><spaceship><vulcan>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/8587",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 74_44 | [
[
"As well as Jellyfish from the 2009 Star Trek movie, there are three Vulcan transport ships in the TNG episode Unification , although Memory Alpha describes them as Apollo class Federation vessels.",
"There are Vulcan ships in the series built after the federation was established. You can even find one that's both Vulcan designed and built. The best reference point for Vulcan ships is the 2009 Star Trek movie."
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"The 2009 Star Trek movie is a good reference point to see Vulcan ships.",
"There are a number of instances of Vulcan ships in the series. Even a Vulcan designed and built ship is present in the series."
]
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Dementors do not breed (No, there'll be no sweet sweet love in Azkaban tonight!)",
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"text": "but rather grow like fungi under certain conditions.",
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"text": "They multiply by feeding off human despair, unhappiness, hopelessness, and are akin to depression.",
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"text": "Dementors have no soul themselves, thus their constant drive to suck the souls from others.",
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"text": "According to J.K. Rowling: You cannot destroy Dementors, though you can limit their numbers if you eradicate the conditions in which they multiply, ie, despair and degradation.",
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"text": "Dementors are JKR's representation of depression: JKR (Rowling is asked about dementors being “a description of depression”):",
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"text": "“Yes.",
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"text": "That is exactly what they are.",
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"text": "It was entirely conscious.",
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"text": "And entirely from my own experience.",
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"text": "Depression is the most unpleasant thing I have ever experienced.",
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"text": "It is that absence of being able to envisage that you will ever be cheerful again.",
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"text": "The absence of hope.",
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"text": "That very deadened feeling, which is so very different from feeling sad.",
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"text": "but it’s a healthy feeling.",
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"text": "It’s a necessary thing to feel.",
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"text": "Depression is very different.",
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"text": "I think [dementors] are the scariest things I’ve written.”",
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"text": "Leaky Lounge Web Chat Transcript with J.K. Rowling Depression, Bipolar Disorder, and Dementors The Dementor at the Harry Potter Companion",
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"text": "The claim that dementors [don't] breed but grow like a fungus where there is decay has been canonically disproven , at least if you can trust Fudge's knowledge.",
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"text": "It seems to be an early idea by JKR, but has since evolved or been forgotten.",
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"text": "That quote by JKR was from an interview that happened in October, 2000, soon after the release of GoF.",
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"text": "Later, however, we learn from Fudge in the Half Blood Prince that dementors do breed : \"",
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"text": "I thought dementors guard the prisoners in Azkaban,\" he said cautiously.",
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"text": "\"They did,\" said Fudge wearily.",
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"text": "\"But not anymore.",
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"text": "They've deserted the prison and joined He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named.",
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"text": "I won't pretend that wasn't a blow.",
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{
"text": "\"",
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"text": "\"",
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"text": "But,\" said the Prime Minister, with a sense of dawning horror, \"didn't you tell me they're the creatures that drain hope and happiness out of people?",
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"text": "\"",
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{
"text": "\"That's right.",
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"text": "And they're breeding.",
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"text": "That's what's causing all this mist.\"",
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"text": "So while we thankfully do not know the specific details about how dementors breed, we know that: Dementors do, in fact, breed",
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{
"text": "It happens when dementors are \"all over the place\" [Fudge]",
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"text": "It seems to generate a lot of mist.",
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{
"text": "We do not know if the mist is a byproduct or instrument of their breeding processes, but the mist is at least associated with it.",
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"text": "I don't think it's answered in canon, but Rowling has been quoted as explaining that they \"don't breed but grow like a fungus where there is decay.\"",
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"text": "Source",
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"answer_details": {
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"sents": [
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"text": "Spontaneous Generation Dementors form spontaneously from an excess of despair, fear, and depression.",
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"text": "The Pottermore article on Boggarts states: Like a poltergeist, a Boggart is not and never has been truly alive.",
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"text": "It is one of the strange non-beings that populate the magical world, for which there is no equivalent in the Muggle realm.",
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"text": "Boggarts can be made to disappear, but more Boggarts will inevitably arise to take their place.",
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"text": "Like poltergeists and the more sinister Dementors , they seem to be generated and sustained by human emotions .",
"label": [
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"text": "I stole the quote from ThruGog's answer to Did Ekrizdis",
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"text": "create the Dementors?",
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"text": "Given the information, I'd say this mist acts as a spore-like cloud similar to what mushrooms and other Fungi release.",
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"text": "Thus I think what Fudge means by 'breeding' is that they are releasing their clouds of spores near places where hundreds and thousands of people are feeling depressed all at once.",
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"text": "Honestly, I don't think Fudge knows enough about science and biology to comprehend that a living creature could multiply in any way other than 'the human way' and some fellow nerds from the Dep. of Mysteries decided 'just tell him they are breeding, it's sort of true anyway'.",
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"text": "And it is.",
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"text": "breeding implies they are making more of their kind...",
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"text": "it's just not breeding like most creatures do.",
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] | {
"question": "This is inspired by some discussions in chat . In the Harry Potter universe, how are Dementors born? Or are they artificially created by some magical means?",
"title": "How are Dementors created/born?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<harry-potter><dementors>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/8919",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 74_46 | [
[
"Rowling has been quoted as explaining that Dementors \"don't breed but grow like a fungus where there is decay.\" They multiply by feeding off human despair, unhappiness, hopelessness, and are akin to depression.",
"It is claimed that dementors reproduce like an evil fungus, however this has been canonically disproven by Fudge."
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"Dementors spontaneously generate from excess of despair, fear and depression. They act a bit like fungi",
"Dementors breading like fungus has been canonically disproven by Fudge"
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The Patronus Charm, according to the Harry Potter series, is a powerful spell.",
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"text": "In Harry Potter and The Order of the Phoenix , during the O.W.L. exams, the reader learns many grown wizards and witches have difficulty successfully conjuring a Patronus Charm.",
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"text": "Upon witnessing Harry Potter learn and master that spell by the end of Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban , that is a glimpse ahead into the powerful wizard he will become.",
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"text": "People might think power is measured in terms of destruction and mayhem, but true power is that quiet intensity a wizard like Dumbledore displays.",
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"text": "Sure, you can blow things up and create fear in others, but there's nothing constructive in that endeavor.",
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"text": "I see Hermione's brand of magic as more tricky and charm laden.",
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"text": "Hermione is a wealth of knowledge and information, always in search of more.",
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"text": "She masters the small spells quickly, but the Patronus Charm requires you to dig into the mind and heart for happiness while under extreme fear and urgency in most cases.",
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"text": "A nuanced wand movement or special technique is not the requirement; raw emotion and energy are.",
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"text": "Hermione, when she faltered a little, couldn't have previously imagined being trapped in that situation.",
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"text": "She likes to be prepared; but no one can prepare for something not yet experienced.",
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"text": "An interesting note about otters that could be relevant or not: they are family oriented animals.",
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"text": "The entire family of them raises their young, and support each other.",
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"text": "Hermione is a huge support system to Harry and Ron.",
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"text": "Her wealth of information, orderly way of planning ahead, and keenly logical mind carry the trio through so many legs of Harry's journey.",
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"text": "Well, first, I think it's because Harry is better than Hermione at Defence Against the Dark Arts in general.",
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"text": "Even Hermione admits it: ‘Harry, you’re the best in the year at Defence Against the Dark Arts,’ said Hermione.",
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},
{
"text": "‘Me?’",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "said Harry, now grinning more broadly than ever.",
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{
"text": "‘No I’m not, you’ve beaten me in every test –’ ‘Actually, I haven’t,’ said Hermione coolly.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "‘You beat me in our third year – the only year we both sat the test and had a teacher who actually knew the subject.",
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"text": "But I’m not talking about test results, Harry Think what you’ve done",
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{
"text": "*!’",
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{
"text": "* Order of the Phoenix - Page 292 - British Hardcover I see Hermione as extremely logical, organised, intellectual, and unusually perceptive when it comes to learning.",
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"text": "However, I think she struggles with regulating her emotions (as do we all here and there) and she is a teenage girl.",
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{
"text": "She demonstrates her emotional volatility throughout the series through her interactions with and reactions to Ron.",
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"text": "She also experiences fear and admits it.",
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"text": "The Patronus Charm is contingent upon conjuring happy memories, as everyone has mentioned, and because of her internal rigidity, I think Hermione struggles a bit more with spells and charms that involve emotion .",
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"text": "We never once see her cast an Unforgivable, IIRC, while Harry and Ron, who are both more overt with their emotions, do.",
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"text": "I would imagine that once she actually produces a full corporeal Patronus, that her Patronus has the same defensive capabilities as Harry's does.",
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"text": "I suspect, though, that she has a harder time actually conjuring one.",
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{
"text": "And that's my INFJ opinion :)",
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"text": "I don't think there's a fully canonical answer.",
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"text": "However some possibilities are: It's not Hermione's Patronus",
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"text": "that's unusually un-powerful (for her age), it's Harry's that is - possibly due to some inherited abilities, possibly to personality (his Patronus power rivals or exceeds most adult wizards,",
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"text": "whereas - absent weird entanglements with Voldemort - he is usually NOT that good/successful compared to experienced powereful wizards - look at him trying to duel with Snape at the end of HP6 for an example).",
"label": [
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"text": "Related - Hermione's magic is not innately powerful - it's merely her skills are great.",
"label": [
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"text": "Expecto Patronus is less of a technical skill spell and more of a raw energy/emotional one.",
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{
"text": "Sort of related to the last one - just like it requires a certain mindset to successfully cast Cruciatus, perhaps the same is true of Patronus.",
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{
"text": "I don't have the excact",
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{
"text": "quote",
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"text": "but it's stated that you need unusually positive memory.",
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"text": "Hermione, has happy memories, but she possibly doesn't have the required contrast between her generally not-unhappy life and her happiest memories that Harry has, or her emotional intensity may be on INTJ-typical lower level in general (source:",
"label": [
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{
"text": "I'm basically half-Hermione :) .",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Hermione didn't have the same driving need to perfect her Patronus, because the Dementors didn't affect her as strongly.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "It wasn't the thing she feared the most against the Boggart.",
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"text": "She wasn't likely to see a Patronus Charm on a test either.",
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"text": "Harry had a lot of motivation to develop a powerful Patronus.",
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"text": "Both in terms of learning to protect himself and defending those he cared about.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Hermione's Patronus only seems weak when compared to Harry's.",
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"text": "And Harry had more practice.",
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"text": "Harry learned the Patronus charm back in \"Prisoner of Azkaban\", and it took a long time before he was able to cast it at all, longer before he became proficient at it.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "But he kept practicing until he was satisfied that he could handle the dementors.",
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"text": "Hermione simply never got that amount of practice.",
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"text": "The Patronus charm was never part of their coursework, and it was never mentioned as being in any volume of \"The Standard Book of Spells\" so she couldn't learn it just by reading ahead.",
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"text": "I don't think Hermione had ever even tried casting a Patronus prior to the D.A., by which time Harry already had a huge head start.",
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"text": "I think I remember Hermione mentioning in \"Deathly Hallows\" that she had been practicing the talking-Patronus trick, but that's different from practicing the Patronus in the face of dementors (or boggarts), like Harry did.",
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] | {
"question": "Hermione's Patronus is an otter, but it is not as powerful as Harry's. Being the best at everything she does, why is it that her magic isn't best at that particular spell? Does it have anything to do with her personality?",
"title": "Why is Hermione's Patronus not as powerful as her other magic spells?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<harry-potter><patronus-charm><hermione-granger>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/8959",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1749/Sunny Boy"
} | 74_47 | [
[
"Hermione didn't have the same driving need to perfect her Patronus, because the Dementors didn't affect her as strongly. As a result, she did not get the same amount of practice. In addition, Harry is better than Hermione at Defence Against the Dark Arts in general.",
"There is no canonical answer there is only speculation. Some examples being that Hermione simply didn't practice the spell as much as Harry, Harry is better at defence against the dark arts, Hermione didn't have the same driving need to perfect the Patronus spell etc. This is all speculation."
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"There is no canonical answer there is only speculation. Some examples being that Hermione simply didn't practice the spell as much as Harry, Harry is better at defence against the dark arts, Hermione didn't have the same driving need to perfect the Patronus spell etc. This is all speculation."
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Here's an excerpt of Time Out Joint from the blog called The Truth About Lies which contains a good review of the book as a launching point for an essay about Dick: Central problem in philosophy.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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{
"text": "Relation of word to object . . .",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "what is a word?",
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"text": "Arbitrary sign.",
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{
"text": "But we live in words.",
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{
"text": "Our reality, among words not things.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "No such thing as a thing anyhow; a gestalt in the mind.",
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0
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{
"text": "Thingness . . .",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "sense of substance.",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "An illusion.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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},
{
"text": "Word is more real than the object it represents.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "It seems that once again Dick is asking us to question the nature of reality - all reality, not just the Truman Burbanks'",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Sea Haven-like little town Raggle lives in.",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Nor the wider world with its own particular problems And later in the story Raggle in conspiracy with his brother-in-law... shows his slips to him:",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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{
"text": "\"What's this?\"",
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{
"text": "Vic said.",
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"text": "\"Reality,\" Ragle said.",
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{
"text": "\"I give you the real.\"",
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{
"text": "Vic took one of the slips of paper out and read it. \"",
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{
"text": "This says 'drinking fountain,'\" he said.",
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},
{
"text": "\"What's it mean?\"",
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"text": "\"Under everything else,\" Ragle said.",
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{
"text": "\"The word.",
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"text": "Maybe it's the word of God.",
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{
"text": "The logos. '",
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{
"text": "In the beginning was the Word.'",
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"text": "I can't figure it out.",
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{
"text": "All I know is what I see and what happens to me",
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"text": "And maybe the point is that that is all we can ever really know.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Your question gave me an excuse to reread the book - not that I needed much of an excuse as I love (most of)",
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"text": "Philip K. Dick's books.",
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"text": "Anyhow, I can't see the logic behind the paper slips.",
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"text": "They don't seem to fit the story at all.",
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"text": "I wonder if Dick originally intended the town to be partly a hallucination imposed on Gumm, and then changed his mind halfway through the book.",
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"text": "As far as I can tell, the town is completely real.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/4144/John Rennie",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "PKD's strong suit is the surreal collapse of ordinary life.",
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"text": "He wrote an essay about it called \"How to Build a Universe That Doesn't Fall Apart Two Days Later\" .",
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"text": "He gets into this a deeper in the Exegesis and there isn't a singular \"right\" answer.",
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"text": "In one way he is lampooning the mid-century obsession with neat little labels for everything, especially when the real world is becoming more and more disjointed and complex.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "In another way it visualizes the defensive mechanism that protects Gumm from total collapse.",
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{
"text": "As long as he has familiar labels, his world is understandable and he is safe.",
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"text": "Elsehwere, he mentions a drug that causes people who read certain words to hallucinate that the objects they describe really exist.",
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"text": "This comes up in several of his novels (divine invasion, 3 stigmata, maze of death).",
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"text": "He is always ambivalent about whether this would be a good thing or a bad thing.",
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"text": "and the town isn't real.",
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"text": "It was specifically created to keep Gumm sane so he could protect humanity",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "The words/phrases on slips of paper could be interpreted as either - 1) Commenting on the relationship between the word and the physical object (or perhaps between Platonic ideal forms and physical represenations of the forms), and so the uncertainty regarding any physical reality. or 2)",
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"text": "As evidence that the 2nd layer of reality in the novel (the 'real world' rather than 1950's construct) is also unreal.",
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"text": "Is the world in which the earth is at war with the moon another construct to avoid facing a worse reality?",
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"text": "Personally I prefer the idea of the 2nd interpretation, but suspect that PKD with his interest in religious themes (eg reality as the manifestation of a divine word) might have intended the first.",
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"text": "I'm sure there are other interpretations valid on the basis of the available evidence, and PKD may have intended there to be more than one.",
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{
"text": "Best wishes, Malcolm",
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"text": "These paper slips are related to two things, which I'd say are: 1/ \"",
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"text": "Ding an sich\" (mentioned in the book)",
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"text": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ding_an_sich 2/ the fake town, as with the bus passengers who are actually puppets.",
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"question": "At a couple of points in this Philip K. Dick novel the main character experiences physical objects disappearing to be replaced by slips of paper. He maintains a collection of these slips. I cannot recall any explanation for this phenomenon and while I recognize that Dick did not place much emphasis on logical or rational explanations it seemed like such a bizarre concept that really added to the unreal nature of his environment. Can anyone provide me with some in-story justification for this that I simply overlooked?",
"title": "In \"Time Out Of Joint\" what's with objects turning into slips of paper?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<philip-k-dick>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/8976",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/4132/Strangeland"
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"There does not seem to be any logic behind the paper slips. However, PKD's strong suit is the surreal collapse of ordinary life.",
"There does not seem to be a difinitive answer for this question. PKD's strong suit is the surreal collapse of ordinary life. This pretty much means he put the scenario in there for no apparent reason other than to mess with the world. There is no logic behind it."
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"text": "This question might get closed as being too subjective - for any particular book, it depends on what the author chose to include in the Appendix and what your own preference is.",
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"text": "OTOH, by definition, an Appendix is supplementary , so the general rule would be to read any Appendix after",
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"text": "A couple of exceptions: If the author clearly says something like \"read Appendix 1 between Sections 2 and 3 of the novel.\"",
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"text": "If the Appendix is just a glossary, you'd to it if you forget a specific word,",
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"text": "e.g. (I can't think of a good Dune example, so here's one from \"The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant\") the difference between lomillialor and lor-liarill.",
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"text": "For Dune (and for LotR, which also has substantial Appendices), I'd definitely read the Appendix after",
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"text": "- there's nothing in there you need to know to enjoy the book.",
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"text": "The only appendices I've encountered (Trudi Canavan's Magicians trilogy) have contained glossaries of the fantasy language (not something you see in non-speculative fiction) she has created which helped to explain a lot of things whilst I was reading.",
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"text": "There were no spoilers there, and I can't think of any appendix that would contain a spoiler.",
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"text": "That would probably be in an epilogue of similar.",
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"text": "One of the appendices of Dune would be a pretty big spoiler, as it was apparently written to address a pretty severe plot hole, so I'd save them for after.",
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"text": "Some books like House of Leaves have appendacies that are meant to be read at a specific time during the reading if the main book and the story isn't complete without it.",
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"text": "I would suggest that you read the appendacies when needed.",
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"text": "Like if there's a footnote that references them or if you're confused about an element in the book and you know it's addressed in the appendix.",
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"text": "In some cases though, the appendix is completely optional and is just there for hardcore fans.",
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"text": "Examples are some of the Lord Of The Rings appendacies that go over the different languages.",
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"text": "I doubt that you NEED to read them to enjoy the story, but they are there to make the universe more complete.",
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"text": "There is a good reason that the appendix is at the end of the novel and that's because it will often \"spoil\" major plot elements within the book or may even completely redefine the tone of the book.",
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"text": "A perfect example of this would be the \" Principles of NewSpeak \" appendix at the end of the book \"1984\" by George Orwell which places the entire book (e.g. that you've just read) into a historical context of having been written approximately 50 years prior to the defeat of Big Brother.",
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"text": "In specific relation to Dune, of the four appendices , the one labelled \" A Report on Bene Gesserit Motives and Purposes \" is probably the most spoilerish and should definitely not be read before the novel.",
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"text": "The glossary has no major spoilers and may help your general understanding, however it's largely unnecessary since most of the major terms are extensively explained in the book itself.",
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"text": "It's at the end, there's (generally) no indication in a novel that it is back there, and it tends to be optional material, so read it last.",
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"text": "I'd be worried about spoilers too when it comes to arbitrary appendices.",
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"question": "I'm about 100 pages into Dune . I noticed the novel has more than one appendix. As a rule of thumb, when a sci-fi or fantasy novel has an appendix, should I: read through it before I start the book; reference it occasionally while reading the book; or bask in its glory after I've read the book? My main concern is running into some kind of spoiler back there! What do you think? Edit: Dune has some major spoilers in its appendices!",
"title": "In general, should I look through a novel's appendix(es) before, during or after reading?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<books><suggested-order><dune>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/15157",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/5861/magzalez"
} | 76_1 | [
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"It is doubtful that you NEED to read the appendices to enjoy the story, but they are there to make the universe more complete. For Dune (and for LotR, which also has substantial appendices), some people recommend reading the Appendices after the book. Others suggest reading the appendices when needed. The appendices are at the end of books because they may \"spoil\" major plot elements.",
"It is, for the most part, suggested that the appendices be read at the end."
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"text": "He doesn't need to get to King's Landing.",
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"text": "He needs to capture King's Landing.",
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"text": "King's Landing has very strong walls, and the most vulnerable point is the harbor.",
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"text": "However, Joffrey commands a fairly strong fleet.",
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"text": "Robb needs a fleet to take advantage of the best angle of approach.",
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"text": "The Iron Islanders have a very strong naval force.",
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"text": "The plan is for Robb to lead his armies by land to King's Landing, and then coordinate their attack with the Iron Islanders' fleet attacking the harbor.",
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"text": "Edit :",
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"text": "After re-reading A Clash of Kings , the correct answer is more that Robb hopes to have the Ironborn fleet attack the Lannisters directly, striking at their home in Lannisport.",
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"text": "Robb and his armies would march across the land to King's Landing.",
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"text": "However, in the meantime the Ironborn would sail towards Lannisport, the seat of Lannister power, and attack it from sea.",
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"text": "If the attack succeeds, it would be a crippling blow to the Lannisters.",
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"text": "Even if it failed, it would prevent Lord Tywin from committing more Lannister forces to King's Landing, making it much easier for Robb's armies to storm the town.",
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"text": "\"By now Robb is at the Golden Tooth,\" Theon said.",
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"text": "\"Once it falls, he'll be through the hills in a day.",
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"text": "Lord Tywin's host is at Harrenhal, cut off from the west.",
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"text": "The Kingslayer is a captive at Riverrun.",
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"text": "Only Ser Stafford Lannister and the raw green levies he's been gathering remain to oppose Robb in the west.",
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"text": "Ser Stafford will put himself between Robb's army and Lannisport, which means the city will be undefended when we descend on it by sea.",
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"text": "If the gods are with us, even Casterly Rock itself may fall before the Lannisters so much as realize that we are upon them.\"",
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"text": "This is explained more thoroughly in the Clash of Kings book.",
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"text": "Theon was sent by Robb Stark to Pyke (the Iron Islands) to have",
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"text": "Balon Greyjoy (Theon's father) attack Casterly Rock (the Lannisters' City), on the west side of Westeros, from the sea, while Robb's forces attack them from Land.",
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"text": "In return, Robb would have given Balon back his Crown as King of the Iron Islands.",
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"text": "Balon was made to bend the knee (by Ned Stark) and give up his crown some years before, after the Iron Islands rebelled against King Robert.",
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"text": "The idea was to hit the Lannisters at their home, and weaken them, and then with Renly, close in on Tywin's forces from north and south.",
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"text": "So it has nothing to do directly with King's Landing (which is on the east of Westeros)",
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"text": "I've not seen season 2 yet, it will not air here until May.",
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"text": "I think you should fill out your question with more detail, as it is not easy to understand the context here, seeing as the books and the TV-show differ somewhat.",
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"text": "Here's my reasoning that comes from knowing only the books:",
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"text": "Robb has White Harbour, which from what I understand is a great sea power on the east coast.",
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"text": "If Robb wanted to get to King's Landing, I doubt very much he would send to Balon Greyjoy, as he would need to sail halfway across the world just to get there.",
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"text": "Especially when White Harbour is much closer, and the allegiance of White Harbour is much less questionable.",
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"text": "However, the Lannisters have the Redwyne fleet, which reputedly is the strongest in Westeros.",
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"text": "I believe Stannis also controls a major part of the crown's fleet, which sits off Dragonstone.",
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"text": "Robb has White Harbour, which probably is the least of those fleets.",
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"text": "However, he holds the trump card: Theon Greyjoy.",
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"text": "With Theon, he can secure a fleet that is among the strongest in Westeros.",
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"text": "With such a fleet, he can keep the Redwyne fleet occupied in the west, taking pressure off White Harbour's fleet.",
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"text": "Controlling the seas is of crucial importance in the war.",
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"text": "And besides that, securing the alliance of the Iron Islands is nothing to sneeze at.",
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"text": "They are a martial and hardy people who make for bad enemies.",
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"text": "What's more, Robb considers Theon his friend and ally, and by extension probably considers the Ironborn his allies (we don't know exactly what Robb thinks, since he has no POVs).",
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"text": "Re-reading AGOT",
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"text": "recently, I read an exchange in a very early Ned chapter, where he tells Catelyn to tell Robb to strengthen Moat Cailin and keep a closer watch on Theon Greyjoy (for this very reason).",
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"text": "Robb wants the Iron Fleet so he can directly attack Lannisport, (just like Victarion did during the Greyjoy Rebellion.)",
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"text": "Raiding the port just a day or two's march from Casterly Rock would force Tywin's hand, especially with Robb's continuing march west.",
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"text": "He does not wish to attack King's Landing.",
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"text": "King's Landing is on the east of the continent whereas the Greyjoy ships are on the north-west.",
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"text": "The only help they could provide is by attacking Casterly Rock in the far west (the Lannisters' home).",
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"text": "It makes sense that Robb would turn west against the Lannisters if he is able to take out Tywin's current forces in the Riverlands, leaving Renly to go east and take King's Landing and having to deal with Stannis who is even further east.",
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"question": "I am watching Game of Thrones , and I am confused that Robb Stark needs to ask for ships from the Greyjoys. Isn't it all land between the North and King's Landing? It isn't like Stannis' position where there is a large bay separating him from the capital.",
"title": "Why does Robb Stark need ships to get to King's Landing?",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/15224",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/5952/Curious"
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"Robb Stark doesn't need to get to King's Landing - he needs to capture it. He needs a fleet to take advantage of the best angle of approach. The plan is for Robb to lead his armies by land to King's Landing, and then coordinate their attack with the Iron Islanders' fleet attacking the harbor. The Clash of Kings book reveals that Robb hopes to have the Ironborn fleet attack the Lannisters directly, striking at their home in Lannisport. Controlling the seas is of crucial importance in the war.",
"He wants to attack Lannisport."
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"text": "The major theme I've always picked up from the original trilogy is: \"The flow of Humanity is too large to be consciously changed by any (normal) single individual or group.",
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"text": "You can see it in the early days of the Foundation, where they manipulated the social structure around them (with the help of Seldon's Plan) to gain the upper ground on their more militarily and economically superior neighbors.",
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"text": "You can also see it in the failure of General Bel Riose in defeating the Foundation, and ultimately succumbing to the deteriorating politics of the Empire.",
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"text": "It took psychic (the Mule) to break the carefully orchestrated Seldon Plan, and it took a whole nation of psychics (the Second Foundation) to put it back on track.",
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"text": "The prequels are about Seldon coming to term with this theme, and realizing that he alone can't change the future.",
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"text": "Thus his creation of the Second Foundation.",
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"text": "The sequels add another theme: \"Human society is fundamentally flawed, and ultimately will be the cause of its own demise.",
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"text": "For Humanity to survive they must change their very nature.\"",
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"text": "Daneel's master plan of creating \"Galaxia\" as galaxy wide version of \"Gaia\" is indicative of this.",
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"text": "As alluded to by Sean's commentg to the first answer, another theme is one taken from Tolstoy's War adn Piece - the tension between the pressure of historical forces of the masses and effects of strong individuals.",
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"text": "The former is very thoroughly covered by SystemDown's answer, but while he mentions Mule as a mere \"example that reinforces the concept\", I view it as introducing this second competing dynamic (ala Napoleon for Tolstoy) of a strong brilliant individual who can try and shift the historical forces.",
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"text": "The theme that has stuck with me, was that it was not possible to stop the collapse, but that there would be a second foundation.",
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"text": "The only thing that Seldon could do was to try to ensure that the dark ages between the foundations was as short as possible.",
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"text": "For a non-fiction look at this idea see The Collapse of Complex Societies",
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"text": "I think Foundation is about Asimov questioning what a human ideal future society would look like.",
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"text": "He questions what it means to be human - he was from an early age entranced (as I have been) by robotics and how this affects what it means to be human.",
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"text": "If a mechanical being looks like a human and thinks like a human, is it human?",
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"text": "This is the same theme explored by Philip K. Dick in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?",
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"text": "It is less about explaining his opinion on this matter and more about opening up the debate for his readers.",
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"text": "And this is what I have always loved about Asimov (which I have been reading since I was a little girl) - the desire to spark a debate.",
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"text": "What constitutes a human being?",
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"text": "What would an ideal human society look like?",
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"text": "Does Gaia represent an ideal or a nightmare?",
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"text": "I think it is no coincidence that he began this epic adventure during the war when prejudices about race were in the forefront of everyone's minds.",
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"text": "I think it is still an intensely relevant story even today, perhaps even more so today and remains for me the most exciting vision of the future.",
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"text": "\"Violence is the last refuge of the incompetent.\"",
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"text": "Another is that the empirical practice of science and the arts is more important than the academic study of science and the arts - that in certain ways, you have to DO to KNOW.",
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"text": "See eg the scene in \"The Encyclopedists\" where a \"scholar\" who thinks that meta analysis of secondary scholarship is what is necessary to develop and maintain expertise, and disdains going into the field: Asimov sets him up for ridicule.",
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"question": "I'm not very good at discerning themes from books, but one of the ones that I picked up from Foundation went something like this: \"a culture that stops learning is doomed to fail.\" What major themes exist in Foundation?",
"title": "What are the major themes in Foundation?",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/15478",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1987/DForck42"
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"A major theme in the original trilogy is that the flow of Humanity is too large to be consciously changed by any (normal) single individual or group. Another theme is that it was not possible to stop the collapse, but that there would be a second foundation. Some consider that Foundation is about Asimov questioning what a human ideal future society would look like.",
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"text": "In Britain, most likely the PM was the only official.",
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"text": "He is certainly the only one mentioned specifically, but it seems highly likely that wizards in other countries would have a similar protocol.",
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"text": "We know that other countries have their own Ministries of Magic , and it only makes sense that the rules for contacting Muggle leaders should be consistent.",
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"text": "(The President in he U.S.A would be kept informed similarly for example)",
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"text": "The books only mention the British PM because the books and events take place in Britain, but of course, there are wizards all over the world.",
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"text": "The primary reason for contact between the Minister for magic and the PM was to keep the Muggle PM informed of events that could cause alarm or notice in the Muggle world.",
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"text": "Examples: the escape of Sirius Black, the rise of Voldemort, transporting dragons into the country for the Triwizard Tournament.",
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"text": "These types of things likely happen all over the world, so again, similar protocols must be in place.",
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"text": "I would bet, however, that none of the Muggle Leaders is ever told that the other Muggle leaders are aware of wizards.",
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"text": "It would help to maintain the secrecy if the Muggle leaders were afraid to talk about contacts from Wizards amongst other Muggle leaders.",
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"text": "I know it's not canon, but the HP Lexicon, which is a bit more reliable than other sources also contains the following statement in the Ministry of Magic page : The Muggle Prime Minister is aware of the wizarding world (HBP1) .",
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"text": "Presumably this is also true of the President of the United States and of other world leaders.",
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"text": "The answer is right there in that chapter (chapter 1 of HBP).",
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"text": "Here, the Prime Minister remembers what Fudge has told him the first time they've met: ‘The Minister for Magic only reveals him or herself to the Muggle Prime Minister of the day,’ […]",
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"text": "This might of course apply only to the British Minister for Magic, with similar arrangements in some other countries.",
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"text": "The books only mention him, so it is highly likely that he is in fact the only one to know.",
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"text": "I think that the wizards would avoid telling him, but feel it necessary for some reason (maybe to help cover up any mess?)",
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"text": "The reason they may also avoid telling anyone else is that Muggles may begin to try and interfere, but with only one man, he will likely be to shocked/afraid to really do anything about it.",
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"text": "In addition to the current people in power, which the other answerers have covered, there is some debate among fans based on evidence from the Wizarding World of Harry Potter and some clues on JK Rowling's website about whether any members of the royal family are witches, wizards, or squibs; certainly a portrait of Bloody Mary appears in the films but that could just be random set dressing.",
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"text": "See the Harry Potter Wiki for more information on this, the Anne Bolyen and Queen Mary I entries are the most relevant ones.",
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"text": "Mary II certainly knew about them (according to the information from the WOMBAT exam on JKR's site).",
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"text": "All of these examples are, of course, several hundred years old and from before",
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"text": "the International Statute of Secrecy was enacted, so it's hard to tell how much these various royals knew and how much they dismissed as superstition, as Mary II's failure to send a delegation to the newly created Ministry of Magic could imply.",
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"text": "More information on historical relations between wizards and muggles-- particularly muggles of rank and power, such as royalty-- can be found in the Statute of Secrecy entry .",
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"text": "Considering that there likely are a lot of muggles knowing about the wizarding world, because some of their relatives are wizards or witches (e.g. the Dursley's, Hermione's parents, etc.)",
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"text": "speculation though, and the only person we are explicitly told is informed about the existence of magic is the British PM, as mentioned in several of the other answers.",
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"question": "I know that in Harry Potter it was said that the PM was notified of Sirius Black's escape. Was he the only muggle in authority to know about the wizarding world? What about the President of the USA or other World Leaders?",
"title": "Was the PM of England the only muggle in authority to know about Wizards in Harry Potter?",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/15608",
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"The books only mention the British PM because the books and events take place in Britain, but of course, there are wizards all over the world. Other countries have their own Ministries of Magic , and it only makes sense that the rules for contacting Muggle leaders should be consistent. The primary reason for contact between the Minister for magic and the PM was to keep the Muggle PM informed of events that could cause alarm or notice in the Muggle world. ",
"Other wizards elsewhere have similar knowledge but the British PM is the only one mentioned."
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"text": "Lightning strikes deposit somewhere on the order of a few Mega-Joules, not enough to power a flux capacitor, but it seems that the peak power of a bolt is about 1 terrawatt, a thousand times too large; you'd fry the delorean with that sort of energy.",
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"text": "It appears that 1.21 Gigawatts is roughly the energy of a nuclear power unit, though this sort of unit would be made of several rods, many more than those that fuel the Flux Capacitor.",
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"text": "Unless we find the dubious science correspondent referred to by the directors in the commentary (the one who pronounced it Jigowatt) we'll never know if they advised this number or it was plucked out for 'sounding nice'.",
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"text": "It is a large number, one which defies non-nuclear methods of portable generation (even to this day).",
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"text": "It perfectly fit the story purposes, and is not outside of the bounds for a lightning strike, as Pureferret says.",
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"text": "A number low in the gigawatt range was exactly what was needed, and Doc Brown was equal parts crazy and brilliant - he would have calculated how much power is needed, and would also use the exact number (1.21) instead of rounding it as most people would.",
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"text": "Thus, 'one point twenty-one' - it's a good number to speak, it doesn't have too many syllables.",
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"text": "Most likely, one of the writers picked it at random (possibly along with several others) and the writers decided it fit best.",
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"text": "Bob Gale (the film's creator) spoke to this in a recent interview.",
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"text": "In short, the number \"sounded good\" and was evidently based on a brief conversation he had with an electrical engineer working as a consultant for the film about the amount of energy contained in a bolt of lightning.",
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"text": "MTV: OK, let's geek out for a minute.",
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"text": "1.21 giggawats.",
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"text": "We did some research, and I think it's relatively accurate.",
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"text": "1.21sounded good.",
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"text": "It is like, why 88 miles per hour?",
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"text": "It's easy toremember.",
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"text": "As a writer, you want to find the words that'll sound rightso it'll be stuck in the audience's mind.",
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"text": "The electrical engineer wespoke with about how much electricity is in a lightning bolt, hepronounced it jig-a-watt.",
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"text": "We'd never heard the term before.",
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"text": "You cancall it gig-a-watt or jig-a-watt.",
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"text": "I actuallymisspelled it in the script, and spelled it jigowatt.",
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"text": "That's why Docand Marty pronounce it that way. ' BACK TO THE FUTURE'",
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"text": "CREATOR BOB GALE ON EASTER EGGS, ERIC STOLTZ, SEQUELS AND THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY",
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"text": "( transcription errors corrected by me )",
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"text": "There's nothing magical about this particular number, it's just a lot of watts.",
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"text": "Note that the actual unit is \"gigawatts,\" but the producers didn't how to pronounce it, so it became “jigowatts” in the movie.",
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"text": "To answer your direct questions its a MacGuffin just something to advance the plot.",
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"text": "How to answer the inferred question of why the need for so much power (in this case plutonium/",
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"text": "Fusion/Steam which in fact is prove of the MacGuffin) and",
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"text": "the speech of 88MPH is this:",
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"text": "The speed is required seemingly to provide a object with the forward motion need to start a time dilation (i.e why traveling in a airplane you seem to be barely moving while someone standing on the ground sees a very fast plane).",
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"text": "The power is a requirement to generate a temporal flux to propel the object at the cusp of a time dilatation to another point in time.",
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"text": "My theory is that it's a joke combining Einstein's theory of relativity with Roman Numerals.",
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"text": "E=MC(squared).",
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"text": "M is 1,000.",
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"text": "C is 100.",
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"text": "MC is 1,100.",
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"text": "1,100(squared) = 1,210,000 or 1.21 million.",
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"text": "If the units were kilowatts, that would make it 1.21 Gigawatts.",
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] | {
"question": "I asked why the speed was 88 MPH , and it made a lot of sense. Now I want to ask: Why does the Flux Capacitor need 1.21 jigowatts to travel in time? Is this a magic number?",
"title": "In Back to the Future, why was the power required to travel in time 1.21 jigowatts?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<time-travel><back-to-the-future>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/15825",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/5032/Rodrigo"
} | 76_8 | [
[
"Some say that apparently, the number \"sounded good\" and was based on a brief conversation with an electrical engineer working as a consultant for the film about the amount of energy contained in a bolt of lightning. Another theory is that it is roughly the energy of a nuclear power unit. Others say it is most likely that one of the writers picked it at random (possibly along with several others) and the writers decided it fit best. However, there may be nothing magical about this particular number, it's just a lot of watts. The number has some appeal visually, and could be spoken memorably by the actors involved. ",
"It provides the energy of a nuclear power unit — nothing magical."
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"text": "Many people (or Muggles, in this case) who generally do not believe in the supernatural or in anything of that sort still believe in God and Jesus.",
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"text": "They may see Jesus as a wizard, and his powers might seem similar to those of a wizard on the surface, but that does not necessarily mean that he is not the son of God or that he was a prophet.",
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"text": "I believe that most every culture in the world has been shown to celebrate this day.",
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"text": "In history, cultures that believed in magic, like the Celts, also celebrated a holiday with themes similar to Christmas .",
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"text": "The holiday celebrated by various cultures was a celebration of the time when the Sun being out will begin taking up more and more of the day.",
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"text": "Since it's historically been observed by most every culture, there's no reason that wizards wouldn't also celebrate it, regardless that they called it christmas instead of Yule .",
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"text": "Additionally, from a sociological perspective, they inherited their culture from muggles and generally people stick to what they were raised with.",
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"text": "In my opinion, its to ensure that the muggles and the wizards have their schedule in sync to prevent any curiosity between muggle and wizard.",
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"text": "For instance, if a neighbor sees that another neighbor's kid doesn't have a winter vacation, questions will pop up. Investigations and the works, until the Wizards are exposed.",
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"text": "So basically its just make the kids seem normal to the muggle world.",
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"text": "Simply because wizards seem to actually believe in Jesus",
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"text": "The fact that wizards do things that once were being considered diabolic by the Catholic Church does not necessarily mean that they do not believe in God.",
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"text": "We can see cases that wizard priests appear in the books (e.g. the pastor at Dumbledore's funeral, the priest that married Bill and Fleur), and are very alike to the ones that British and the American people are used to in their everyday lifes.",
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"text": "That logically points to that wizards also believe in Jesus, or in some variation of Him and the three predominant christianic dogmas (Western Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and British).",
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"text": "Although that celebrating Christmas in order to be \"in-sync\" with the Muggles is a good point, there's no sense in exchanging gifts, decorating trees and having dinners just for suspision avoidance.",
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"text": "Maybe there is a part of the British Church that operates in the wizard community secretly and their hypothetical change of heart to the beliefs and the condemns of the Dark Ages' \"Witch Hunt\" can be paralleled to the modernization that happened on the sexual direction of the priests (gay marriage, homosexual priests etc) that once were considered deadly sins and sicknesses.",
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"text": "Assuming that the stories told about Jesus in the Bible are accurate, Jesus may have been a wizard.",
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"text": "He resurrected While performing magic in front of muggles is frowned of today , that wouldn't have been taboo in Jesus's day, because the International Statute of Wizarding Secrecy wasn't adopted until 1692.",
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"text": "Perhaps they are celebrating Yule, which is what the Christmas holiday is based off of.",
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"text": "Yule is a celebration of winter solstice and would seem like a natural fit for witches and wizards to celebrate.",
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"text": "Perhaps the wizarding community adopted the name of Christmas as it seemed less conspicuous to muggles (even though Yule is now a recognized holiday)",
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"text": "when they went through a Christianization.",
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"text": "We don't actually see anything about what wizards/witches do on Christmas other than have a tree inside their house (a Yule tradition) and exchanging of gifts.",
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"text": "I believe it is similar to the real world, where (at least in Europe)",
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"text": "people who are not very religious still celebrate Christmas to some degree.",
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"text": "As other people mentioned, in the ancient times people celebrated the winter solstice and later Christmas was established by Christianity.",
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"text": "In the XX century people in western Europe became less and less religious, some calling themselves atheists or agnostics, some just didn't visit church too often.",
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"text": "But still these people followed some Christmas traditions like decorating a Christmas tree, singing carols, giving themselves gifts or having a festive meal.",
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"text": "We still can find some Christmas decorations in public places like shopping malls and radio stations keep playing themed songs.",
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"text": "We can tell that Christmas has become a secular holiday for the whole societies: for somepeople it has a religious dimensions, some people are just having some rest and fun.",
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"text": "The religion is never mentioned across Harry Potter books, but it doesn't imply that magic society is 100% atheist.",
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"text": "It is possible that some of the wizards are religious, but it is not explicitly shown in the canon.",
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"text": "Most of them may just follow the tradition and enjoy the occasion to spend some time with family.",
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"text": "Probably there are some wizards who don't celebrate Christmas at all (I can't imagine Voldemort singing carols or preparing a pudding).",
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"text": "As for Hogwarts, it seems that Christmas is a good opportunity to have a longer break, allowing students and teachers to visit their families",
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"text": "they don't see for most of the year and to have some rest in the middle of a school year.",
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"text": "It is also an occasion to have some social integration for the lonely employees and students staying at Hogwarts, satisfying their emotional need for belongingness, providing some substitute of the family.",
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] | {
"question": "Every winter, Hogwarts students return home and celebrate Christmas with their families. However, given their extensive use of magic, it does not seem likely they'd understand Christianity the way muggles would. How and why do wizards observe Christmas?",
"title": "What is the nature of Christmas observance in the Potterverse?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<harry-potter><religion>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/16030",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/6141/Tesserex"
} | 76_9 | [
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"Wizards may celebrate Christmas for the same reasons as muggles and sync their schedules to avoid any curiosity. Most of them may just follow the tradition and enjoy the occasion to spend some time with family. Religion is never mentioned in Harry Potter books, but it doesn't imply that magic society is 100% atheist. However, some wizards may not celebrate Christmas at all (I can't imagine Voldemort singing carols or preparing a pudding). ",
"Wizards generally simply believe in Jesus and most follow the Christmas tradition. "
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"text": "Except for the first & last few minutes, Captain America takes place during World War II, which I believe predates the modern day.",
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"text": "Thus, as Captain America was the first of the Avengers to go around avenging things, he is the first Avenger.",
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"text": "This is a case of marketing hyperbole and careful parsing of the facts.",
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"text": "Captain America precedes the existence, as a character of both Iron Man and Thor, in fact, he precedes the existence of all of the Avengers being one of the first and most successful of the Avenger's properties.",
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"text": "Yes, technically the Avengers formed and THEN they found Cap but in our real world, Captain America appeared first in print.",
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"text": "Captain America is a fictional character, a superhero who appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics.",
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"text": "The character first appeared in Captain America Comics #1 (cover-dated March 1941), from Marvel Comics' 1940s predecessor, Timely Comics, and was created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby.",
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"text": "Thor first appeared in Journey into Mystery #83 (Aug. 1962) and was created by editor-plotter Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and penciller Jack Kirby.",
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"text": "The mythological Thor had appeared previously in Venus #12-13 (Feb-Apr 1951).",
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"text": "Iron Man is a fictional character, a superhero who appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics.",
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"text": "The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee, developed by scripter Larry Lieber, and designed by artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby.",
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"text": "He made his first appearance in Tales of Suspense #39 (March 1963).",
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"text": "The Avengers is a team of superheroes, appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics.",
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"text": "The team made its debut in The Avengers #1 (Sept. 1963), and was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and artist/co-plotter Jack Kirby, following the trend of super-hero teams after the success of DC Comics' Justice League of America.",
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"text": "One major reason why the first Captain America film was subtitled The First Avenger was for the sake of international marketing.",
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"text": "Marvel were concerned that a film called Captain America would not do particularly well in a some countries and added the First Avenger subtitle so that local distributors would have the option to drop Captain America from the title entirely.",
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"text": "In the end this only happened in Russia, South Korea and Ukraine.",
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"text": "There's not necessarily any in-universe logic to why he would be regarded as The First Avenger except for maybe his involvement with the Strategic Science Reserve setting in motion the creation of the Avengers Initiative.",
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"text": "However, I suspect that it was simply the best alternate title for the film that Marvel could come up with.",
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"text": "http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/captain-america-title-will-be-changed-to-the-first-avenger-in-russia-south-korea/",
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"text": "In the Marvel Movie universe canon Steve Rogers was recruited into the Scientific Strategic Reserve, a division of the US military with elements that would be absorbed into S.H.I.E.L.D. As he was technically \"avenging\" acts against humanity during WWII well before the creation of the Avengers Initiative he would have been considered the First Avenger.",
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"text": "Nick Fury used the concept of a gifted individual or group of individuals protecting humanity from threats that conventional means could not achieve.",
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"text": "Also if you will remember neither Tony Stark or Thor had agreed to working with S.H.I.E.L.D. until Loki threatened Earth.",
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"text": "America was the first actual superhero and most likely Avenger initiative was based on his success.",
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"text": "Not the first to join Avengers though.",
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"text": "Captain America was NOT the first Avenger.",
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"text": "He didn't join in until the 4th Avenger comic.",
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"text": "He was frozen in ice and the Avengers saved him and recruited him.",
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"text": "The original Avengers are: Iron Man, Ant-Man, Wasp, Thor, and Hulk.",
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"question": "Why was Captain America called The First Avenger , when Hulk and Iron Man were enlisted by Nick Fury before him? Or are the times between the Hulk & Iron Man movies meant to have taken place after Captain America's return?",
"title": "Why was Captain America called \"The First Avenger\"?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<marvel><marvel-cinematic-universe><avengers><captain-america>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/16066",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1338/Jared"
} | 76_10 | [
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"Captain America precedes the existence of both Iron Man and Thor. In fact, he precedes the existence of all of the Avengers being one of the first and most successful of the Avengers properties. Technically, the Avengers formed and THEN they found Cap but in our real world, Captain America appeared first in print.",
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"text": "James Doohan lost a finger on D-Day at Juno Beach.",
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"text": "Here is a still shot of Scotty's right hand from the 1967 TOS \"Cats Paw\" episode and another from 1967's \"The Trouble with Tribbles.",
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"text": "\" You can also see his right hand clearly at 19 mins 10 secs (Star Date 3498.9) in the 1966 \"Fridays Child\" TOS episode .",
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"text": "If you count the movies, you can clearly see the space where the missing finger would have been when Scotty reaches out to shake the plexiglass plant owner's hand in Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home .",
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"text": "The reason you don't remember Scotty missing a finger is that Scotty, the character, is not supposed to be missing a finger.",
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"text": "Any scene where you can see the missing finger are filming goofs.",
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"text": "Eddie Paskey, who played TOS background character Lt. Leslie, stood in for Doohan for some episodes requiring closeups of Scotty's hands.",
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"text": "From Memory Alpha:",
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"text": "He was the hand-double of James Doohan in \"Wolf in the Fold\" and \"That Which Survives\".",
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"text": "Doohan was self-conscious about the fact that he was missing the middle finger of his right hand (due to a D-Day combat injury while serving with the Royal Canadian Artillery), so Paskey's hands were used in close-ups.",
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"text": "Screenshot of Scotty's Hand Doubled hand from TNG Relics:",
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"text": "A list of filming errors from wiki: Despite his efforts, the injured hand can be seen in several Star Trek episodes: \"",
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"text": "The Trouble With Tribbles\", \"Tomorrow Is Yesterday\", \"The Enemy Within\", \"The Ultimate Computer\" and \"Catspaw\", as well as in The Search for Spock when giving parts from the USS Excelsior to Dr. Leonard McCoy, in The Final Frontier when Nyota Uhura brings him dinner on the bridge of the USS Enterprise-A, and in the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode \"Relics\", when the missing finger is clearly apparent as Scotty offers Captain Jean-Luc Picard a drink while on a re-creation of the original Enterprise bridge.",
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"text": "You can see his missing middle finger of his right hand in the original series episode \" The Corbomite Maneuver \" as he reached for a beverage pitcher.",
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"text": "This can be observed in that episode at 8:28 on disk 4 of the remastered DVD.",
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"text": "Also in \"The Lights of Zetar\" from season 3",
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"question": "We were just discussing, in the SF&F chat room here, that James Doohan was missing a finger, but there's no reference to this and I remember watching the series over and over, whenever I had the chance, up through the 90s. I don't remember ever seeing anything to tip me off that he was missing a finger. Are there any shots in any episodes of the original Star Trek where it is clear he has a missing finger?",
"title": "Is James Doohan’s missing finger ever noticeable in Star Trek?",
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"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/16420",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/1693/Tango"
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"James Doohan lost a finger on D-Day at Juno Beach. You can clearly see the space where the missing finger would have been when Scotty reaches out to shake the plexiglass plant owner's hand in Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home. You can also see his missing middle finger of his right hand in the original series episode \" The Corbomite Maneuver \" as he reached for a beverage pitcher.",
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"text": "Jaqen H'ghar might have been referring to R'hllor when he mentions the \"Red God\", but later on in the series, a different god is revealed to be the patron of Jaqen's order, the God of Many Faces.",
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"text": "It could be that acolytes assume that R'hllor is an aspect of their god, but it's never explicitly mentioned, and there is a temple to both R'hllor and the Many-Faced God in the city of Braavos.",
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"text": "For Syrio Forel, it could be that he means it less from a religious point of view, and more from a martial point of view - \"don't die today",
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"text": "R'hllor is supposed to be the antithesis of death - he's the god of life and fire, but that doesn't mean Syrio worshiped him.",
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"text": "You will understand more fully after reading A Feast for Crows .",
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"text": "Syrio Forel's \"religion\" doesn't get explicity revealed, though that's what makes the plot so good.",
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"text": "If there were an IRL equivalent, I would say its pretty Buddhist (no flamers please, just my opinion!)",
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"text": "Jaqen H'ghar's \"seems\" to be a worshipper of the Many-Faced God of Braavos (though never explicity stated), he does give her the coin and the phrase \"Valar Morghulis\"-- actions which will reveal themselves in later books/episodes.",
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"text": "Melisandre is a priestess of R'hllor, which to me seems pretty unbending in its lack of tolerance of other gods/deities.",
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"text": "After thinking on this question for a few days, I think it's worth pointing out that Jaqen H'ghar saying that Arya \"stole three deaths from the red god\" might refer to the fact that Arya saved them from death by fire, which is what Melisandre's god R'hllor is typically associated with.",
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"text": "The other answers have done a great job pointing out that they do not worship the same god (assuming they are not the same god, or that those gods even exist in the first place).",
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"text": "It was my understanding that by \"the red god\", he meant the fire that Arya saved him from.",
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"text": "According to GRRM, Jaqen was a bit influenced by his recent experience...",
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"text": "Jaqen refers to the Red God, and elsewhere to the god of fire.",
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"text": "Is he referring to R'hllor?",
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"text": "When we see Arya being educated by the Faceless Men, R'hllor doesn't seem to be particularly important to them.",
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"text": "(George thinks for a moment)",
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"text": "Well, remember when Jaqen names him: he had very nearly burned to death recently... ASSHAI.COM INTERVIEW IN BARCELONA - July 28, 2012 but the Many-Faced God is called because he represents all the other gods.",
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"text": "There are roughly 30 statues of other gods in the House of Black and White.",
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"text": "\"Then you have come to the wrong place.",
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"text": "It is not for you to say who shall live and who shall die.",
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"text": "That gift belongs to Him of Many Faces.",
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"text": "Oh.",
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"text": "\"",
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{
"text": "Arya glanced at the statues that stood along the walls, candles glimmering round their feet. \"",
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"text": "Which god is he?",
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"text": "\" \"Why, all of them,\" said the priest in black and white.",
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"text": "A Feast for Crows - Arya II While on the other hand it seems the worshippers of R'hollor are intolerant of other religions, as evident by Mellisandre burning the effigies of the Seven.",
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"text": "The red woman walked round the fire three times, praying once in the speech of Asshai, once in High Valyrian, and once in the Common Tongue.",
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"text": "Davos understood only the last. \"",
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"text": "R'hllor, come to us in our darkness,\" she called. \"",
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"text": "Lord of Light, we offer you these false gods , these seven who are one, and him the enemy.",
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"text": "Take them and cast your light upon us, for the night is dark and full of terrors.",
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"text": "A Clash of Kings - Davos",
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"text": "I",
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"text": "So in conclusion...",
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"text": "They do not worship the same gods.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "here are the answers: Jaqen:",
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"text": "In the temple of the Many Faced God, there are statues of many different gods.",
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"text": "The priests believe that these 10 or so gods are really just different faces of the same god.",
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"text": "Thus, someone from the South of Westeros might call the Many-Faced-God, \"The Stranger.\"",
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"text": "\" To them, they are the same thing.",
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"text": "So if Jaqen if from Asshai, then the Red God and the Many-Faced-God are interchangeable names.",
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"text": "In regards to Syrio, it seems that everyone from Braavos has a healthy respect for the Faceless men (and more than a little fear of them).",
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"text": "For example, Jaqen tells Arya to give the coin to anyone from Braavos, not just a religious person.",
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"text": "Syrio just seems to be relaying the philosophy that everyone from Braavos grew up with.",
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"text": "Jaqen serves the Many Faced God.",
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"text": "He and two companions were saved from a terrible death by fire by Arya.",
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"text": "He simply mentions the \"Red God.\"",
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"text": "The Red Priests and their god are evil.",
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"text": "The Many Faced God gives the gift of death to those who are in too much pain(physically/emotionally).",
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"text": "It is not taken lightly.",
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"text": "Those who serve the Many Faced God also mete out death to individuals:",
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"text": "that take advantage of people, those deemed evil, etc.",
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"text": "But in no way is R'hollor is not interchangeable with the Many Faced God.",
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"text": "Syrio certainly knew of many gods.",
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"text": "However, was his god the Many Faced God?",
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"text": "I don't think so.",
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"text": "I think he told Arya that the only god is death to help her with her \"Water Dancing.\"",
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"text": "\"Just so!\"",
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] | {
"question": "Melisandre worships R'hllor, the Lord of Light and god of fire. That much is clear. According to the Game of Thrones wiki , R'hllor is also known as the Red God. After Arya saves Jaqen H'ghar from death, he says she stole three deaths from the \"Red God.\" Is that a reference to R'hllor? Also Syrio Forel, the Braavosi water dancer tells Arya that there is only one god - the god of death. Is he also talking about the same god?",
"title": "Do Syrio Forel, Jaqen H'ghar and Melisandre all follow the same religion?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<game-of-thrones><a-song-of-ice-and-fire>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/16714",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/3442/Royal Flush"
} | 76_14 | [
[
"Jaqen H'ghar might have been referring to R'hllor when he mentions the \"Red God\", but later on in the series, a different god is revealed to be the patron of Jaqen's order, the God of Many Faces.",
"A different God is revealed later in the series but it is very possibly a reference to R’hllor. "
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"A different God is revealed later in the series but it is very possibly a reference to R’hllor. "
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"text": "I think this has to do with the original purpose of the Night's Watch, which is to protect the realm from the mysterious others from beyond the wall, who come out at night.",
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"text": "That's why it is called the Night's Watch, and at night wearing black is the perfect camouflage.",
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"text": "between the brothers of the Night's Watch, who wear black, and the knights of the Kingsguard, who wear white.",
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"text": "Both take pretty much the same vows to hold no lands and father no children, but their purpose is quite different.",
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"text": "“There are thousands,” someone called from behind Chett.",
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"text": "That was Maslyn’s voice, green with fear.",
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"text": "“Die,” screamed",
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"text": "Mormont’s raven, flapping its black wings.",
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"text": "“Die, die, die.”",
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"text": "“Many of us,” the Old Bear said.",
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"text": "“Mayhaps even all of us.",
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"text": "But as another Lord Commander said a thousand years ago, that is why they dress us in black.",
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"text": "Remember your words, brothers.",
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"text": "For we are the swords in the darkness, the watchers on the walls . . .”",
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{
"text": "Excerpt From: George R. R. Martin.",
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"text": "“A Storm of Swords.”",
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"text": "Bantam Dell, 2003-03-04.",
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{
"text": "iBooks.",
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{
"text": "This material may be protected by copyright.",
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"text": "Is that what you were thinking of?",
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"text": "The Night's Watch is on the order of 8000 years old and was formed at a time that was toward the end of a Long Night.",
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"text": "It's probably safe to assume that they chose black back then to have perfect camouflage in the darkness / near darkness, and when the Long Night ended it had become a tradition that they chose to preserve --",
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"text": "Agreed to possible detriment, or perhaps to instill fear in their enemies by way of reputation.",
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"text": "I'd guess they wear black",
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"text": "so as not to color-clash with any other force.",
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"text": "All the other nobles' forces have other color combinations - in their banners and their uniforms; not all-black.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "As some other people brought up in response to suggestions that it was to camouflage them, my theory is the exact opposite, THAT",
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{
"text": "IT IS MEANT TO STAND OUT AGAINST SNOW.",
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"text": "In battles against white walkers, Night's Watch men are likely to be risen again if they die and the main force retreats, and it would be in the best interest of the brothers guarding the wall if fallen brothers stand out against the snow when they attack again as ghouls.",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Black is the absence of Colors.",
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"text": "Different houses in Westeros prefer different colors in their sigils, which become part of their identity.",
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"text": "For example: Baratheon: Black on gold Stark : Grey on white Lannister: Gold on red Arryn: White on blue Night Watch vowed not to take part in the wars of the Seven Kingdoms.",
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0
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"label_summ": [
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"text": "They do not take any sides, hence the lack of colors.",
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],
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}
] | {
"question": "I think I remember a line in A Clash of Kings or A Storm of Swords where some guy talked about why (at least, why he thought) the Night's Watch wore all black. I think it had to do with something about when they die? I can't quite remember, and it's bothering me. On the other hand, perhaps I fabricated this memory entirely or I'm mixing it up with something else.",
"title": "Why does the Night's Watch wear black?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<a-song-of-ice-and-fire><episode-identification><quotes>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/16718",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/6339/Doug"
} | 76_15 | [
[
"I think this has to do with the original purpose of the Night's Watch, which is to protect the realm from the mysterious others from beyond the wall, who come out at night. This is why it is called the Night's Watch, and at night wearing black is the perfect . By the time the Long Night ended, wearing camouflage had become a tradition that they chose to preserve. ",
"Black is the perfect night-time camouflage."
]
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"Black is the perfect night-time camouflage."
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "From the book talking about why Draco was chosen: His mother asks Snape whether he has been chosen as punishment: “That’s because he is sixteen and has no idea what lies in store!",
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"text": "Why, Severus?",
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},
{
"text": "Why my son?",
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{
"text": "It is too dangerous!",
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{
"text": "This is vengeance for Lucius’s mistake, I know it!”",
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"text": "“That’s why he’s chosen Draco, isn’t it?”",
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{
"text": "she persisted.",
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{
"text": "“To punish Lucius?” Then Snape agrees: “I cannot pretend that the Dark Lord is not angry with Lucius.",
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"text": "Lucius was supposed to be in charge.",
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},
{
"text": "He got himself captured, along with how many others, and failed to retrieve the prophecy into the bargain.",
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},
{
"text": "Yes, the Dark Lord is angry, Narcissa, very angry indeed.”",
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"text": "“Then I am right, he has chosen Draco in revenge!”",
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},
{
"text": "choked Narcissa.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "“He does not mean him to succeed, he wants him to be killed trying!”",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "When Snape said nothing, Narcissa seemed to lose what little self-restraint she still possessed.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "and then Snape informs them of what he thinks Voldemort's real intentions are.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "“He intends me to do it in the end, I think.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But he is determined that Draco should try first.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You see, in the unlikely event that Draco succeeds, I shall be able to remain at Hogwarts a little longer, fulfilling my useful role as spy.”",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "“In other words, it doesn’t matter to him if Draco is killed!”",
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],
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Voldemort didn't think Draco could do it.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "Voldemort wanted to punish Lucius, and chose to do it by giving his only son an impossible task that would almost certainly be a suicide mission.",
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1
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],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/656/Jeff",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Voldemort didn't think that.",
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},
{
"text": "Voldemort wanted Draco to fail and another Death Eater to kill Dumbledore.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "He asked Draco in order to punish Lucius for being utterly useless at being a Death Eater.",
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"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/6678/0cool",
"score": 2
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "He never expected success from Draco.",
"label": [
1
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "He wanted to punish Lucius as much as he could for his failure to secure the prophecy.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "He took Lucius' wand, took over his manor house and treated him like something he had stepped in.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Voldemort knew that, whilst all these things were humiliating, that the best punishment was through a special kind of torture and that torture was knowing that his son had been given an important task that he was sure to fail at and that would mean certain death.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "We have to remember that Voldemort was an expert in torture.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "He would have known that this was a living hell for Lucius and also for Narcissa.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It would also have been a living hell for Draco and we can see that he did indeed suffer in HBP.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Knowing that their son was suffering would have added to the Malfoy's pain and distress.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Voldemort would have used Draco's failure as an excuse to kill him and probably the rest of his family, unless Bellatrix would have interceeded on Narcissa's behalf though I doubt that she would have being in such awe of her beloved master.",
"label": [
0
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The fact that Voldemort sent other Death Eaters into the castle I think confirms that he expected Draco to fail, wanted his team of Death Eaters to kill Dumbledore and wanted Draco's capture secured in order for his punishment to be meted out.",
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],
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"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/12356/Magical",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The original plan was for Draco to succeed so Snape could retain his position, or for Draco to fail and for Snape to take over.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Either way, it would be a good lesson for the Malfoys.",
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"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "Snape says as much at the beginning of the HBP.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But then, in the same scene, Snape makes the Unbreakable Vow with Bellatrix's assistance, no less.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "She practically goads Snape into it.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Which is very intriguing.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Bellatrix is Voldemort's most loyal follower, so she probably wouldn't go against her master's wishes just to protect Draco.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "At the least, she believes her master wishes for Snape to assist Draco and it could be",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "she even does it by direct orders.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "(She may be jealous and distrustful of Snape, but she gets that her master has a different opinion.)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "So things are looking good from Voldemort's perspective at the beginning of the school year.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "He had chosen Draco for a hardcore mission, teaching Lucius (and other death eaters) what happens if someone fails him.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Still, the mission is in good hands, as the boy has the assistance of his beloved potions master, the friend of the family he knows from childhood and trusts.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Snape is competent enough to whip up some deadly poison and come up with an effective plan, hopefully one that will allow him to stay in the background so his cover wouldn't be blown so Voldy's got to keep his valuable spy in Hogwarts.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Except Draco refuses to listen to Snape, concluding that his teacher has his own reasons to offer help.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "\"I know what you're up to!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You want to steal my glory!\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "(HBP, CH15)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So Draco runs unsupervised and sure enough, he messes up.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Twice.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Maybe it's good for the pacing, but it probably drove Voldemort crazy.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Well, crazier.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Draco's assassination attempts are described by Dumbledore as laughable, and with good reason.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "\"Forgive me, Draco, but they have been feeble attempts ...",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "so feeble, to be honest, that I wonder whether your heart has been really in it...\" (HBP, CH27)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "And those attempts weren't just feeble, they were painful to watch, a complete disaster.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Anyone less cavalier about students being in danger and getting hurt than the illustrious headmaster, would've traced back the necklace to B&B, and found the wannabe assassin in record time.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "As we know, the reason Dumbledore didn't stop Draco is because he chose not to.",
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0
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But from Voldy's POV, Draco is fooling around in the castle, endangering the mission and putting Dumbledore and the Order in alert and risking to blow the cover of his most valuable spy.",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Good thing Voldy had no hair by that point else he'd pull it all out.",
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "And all he could do is to sit back and wait how things will turn out.",
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "After all, he himself gave the mission to Draco :)",
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/None/",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "Voldemort gave Draco task to kill Dumbledore. Why did he choose Draco for this no-joke job? Draco wasn't a highly skilled wizard like most of other DEs. And, killing Dumbledore wasn't a joke. Plus, he already tasted battle with Dumbledore before. He knew what Dumbledore was. Even experienced DEs were nothing in front of him.",
"title": "What made Voldemort think that Draco Malfoy could kill Dumbledore?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<harry-potter><voldemort>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/17436",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/931/Umbrella Corporation"
} | 76_17 | [
[
"Voldemort wanted to punish Lucius, and chose to do it by giving his only son an impossible task that would almost certainly be a suicide mission. He never expected success from Draco. The fact that Voldemort sent other Death Eaters into the castle I think confirms that he expected Draco to fail, wanted his team of Death Eaters to kill Dumbledore and wanted Draco's capture secured in order for his punishment to be meted out.",
"Voldemort fundamentally didn’t believe in Draco’s ability to do it."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
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} | [
11
] | [
[
"Voldemort fundamentally didn’t believe in Draco’s ability to do it."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Well, first off, they will use more shadows, so your question is premature.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Not quite sure if that should be in a spoiler tag or not.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "I assume this is a question regarding the TV-show, and not the books.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Secondly, the shadows are costly to summon.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Later on in the books, it is mentioned that Stannis seems drained and skeletal, and there are also other references, which I will not post here for their very spolerific nature.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But suffice to say, it concerns people getting hurt to fuel Melisandre's magic.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Also, as we shall see, the shadows will not help Stannis as much as he would hope, because the majority of the lords and people are against him.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "So, combined with their high cost, they do not provide a real answer to his problems.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Besides those reasons, I think Stannis is a good guy, deep down inside.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "At first, I did not like him at all, but throughout the books, he is solid, honourable, harsh and grumpy, and it is hard not to like him when he scorns and scolds his sycophants, but praises Davos for telling the truth.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "All he does, he does for a reason, not for personal greed or ambition, but because it is right and just.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Yes, I admit, I am a bit of a fan of Stannis.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "So, I am siding with Andres F and also saying that Stannis is not quite comfortable with it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "He admits at one point that it is better to kill one man dishonourably, than to allow thousands to suffer, but I think it does not sit well with him just the same.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/2256/TLP",
"score": 35
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Not sure if it's the only reason, but Stannis isn't completely comfortable about it.",
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1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "At least in the books, he is never completely comfortable about the whole Lord of Light deal, or Melisandre; his queen is way more fanatical about this exotic religion.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "I think Stannis sees himself as a harsh but fundamentally honorable man (we the readers may disagree with him, though!), and internally he acknowledges the shadow babies are an underhanded tactic.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "He does use them more than once in the books, though.",
"label": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/770/Andres F.",
"score": 9
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In part, Stannis doesn't even believe the shadow monster really works!",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "If I remember it properly, he awakes shaken, feverish and ill and tells Davos he dreamed about being in Renly's tent and killing him, but that it MUST have being a dream.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "It must, right?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "In the books, Stannis is not exactly greedy.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "He is unhappy, a man who saw his titles and inheritances stolen by Robert to be put in his brother Renly, despite his loyalty, for one single reason: being boring!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "That, my friend is a grudge and self-esteem issues...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/7617/Ed Mike",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Because Stannis was too weak.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Mellisandre explains in S3E3, Walk of Punishment .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Stannis: Make me another son.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Melisandre: I cannot.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Stannis:",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Why? Melisandre: You don't have the strength.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It would kill you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Stannis: I'm not so easily killed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Men have been trying for years.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I want you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Melisandre: Your fires burn low, my king.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There is another way.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A better way.",
"label": [
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"text": "Stannis",
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"text": ": You told me your magic requires a king's blood.",
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"text": "Melisandre:",
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"text": "Yes.",
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"text": "Stannis: I'm the one true king.",
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"text": "Melisandre: You are.",
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"text": "But there are others with your blood in their veins.",
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"text": "You will sit on the Iron Throne, but first there must be sacrifices.",
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{
"text": "The Lord of Light demands it.",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Melisandre worships R'hollor and uses blood magic.",
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"text": "it does not require \"sacrifice\" in the sense that someone has to die for a positive outcome.",
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"text": "The sacrifice is blood, most potently, royal blood.",
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{
"text": "This is why Melisandre and Stannis resort to leeching Edric Storm, bastard of Robert and Stannis' nephew.",
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"text": "The death of Edric is not required, only his blood",
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"text": "but it is believed if he were killed during rites that the magic would increase in strength.",
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"text": "These leeches full of Edric's blood are tossed into the fire during a magic ceremony and a name is to be recited when the royal blood burns.",
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{
"text": "3 leeches burned, 3 names recited and 3 deaths in a Storm of Swords.",
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{
"text": "So it appears that even small amounts of royal blood are potent enough to cause death.",
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{
"text": "hope this helps.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "They could make hundreds if they wanted, but Stannis did not have enough \"life\", if they made any again Stannis would die.",
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{
"text": "The magic requires a percentage of a man's life, shall we say 40% of his life gets drained, and I think Stannis at his current age has a percentage of 80% judging by his age.",
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{
"text": "Some of Melisandre's skill set consist of \"blood rituals\" such as sacrificing 3 leeches that have the blood of the King that ended the life of Joffrey, Robb and Lord Frey.",
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}
] | {
"question": "Melisandre (the fire priestess) and Stannis used a shadow monster to kill Renly Baratheon. The creature is seemingly a very effective assassin. So why don't they create more of them (or make the one that already exists) kill other of enemies Stannis' like King Joffrey?",
"title": "Why don't Melisandre and Stannis create more shadow monsters?",
"forum": "scifi.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<game-of-thrones><a-song-of-ice-and-fire>",
"link": "scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/17442",
"author": "scifi.stackexchange.com/users/3442/Royal Flush"
} | 76_18 | [
[
"Although unsure that this is the only reason, but Stannis isn't completely comfortable about it. In part, Stannis doesn't even believe the shadow monster really works! They could make hundreds if they wanted, but Stannis did not have enough \"life\", and if they made any again Stannis would die.",
"Stannis doesn’t believe the monster even works so lack of confidence prevents him from creating more."
]
] | {
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[
"Stannis doesn’t believe the monster even works so lack of confidence prevents him from creating more."
]
] |