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24594499 | methods | In this randomized , double-blind , parallel group trial @ patients were assigned ( @:@ ratio ) to receive either promethazine , @ mg intravenously , or lorazepam , @ mg intravenously . | 3 |
24594499 | methods | Primary endpoint was mean change in vertigo intensity at @ hours measured using visual analog scale ( VAS ) . | 4 |
24594499 | methods | Secondary endpoints were mean change in nausea score , need for second dose of study medications , and adverse events ( AEs ) . | 5 |
24594499 | results | Promethazine was associated with significantly more reduction ( @ mm ) in vertigo than lorazepam ( @ mm , p < @ ) . | 6 |
24594499 | results | Mean change in nausea score @ hours after drug injection on the VAS was @ mm for promethazine and @ for lorazepam ( p = @ ) . | 7 |
24594499 | results | The most frequently reported AEs were lethargy ( @ % in lorazepam group , @ % in promethazine group , p = @ ) and drowsiness ( @ % for promethazine , @ % for lorazepam , p = @ ) . | 8 |
24594499 | conclusions | Our study demonstrated the evidence that promethazine is superior to lorazepam in management of peripheral vertigo and vertigo-related nausea in ED adults . | 9 |
24604111 | background | During lower limb lengthening , distraction-induced muscle pain and surrounding joint contractures are frustrating complications for which few effective treatments are available . | 0 |
24604111 | objective | We evaluated Botulinum Toxin Type A ( BtX-A ) injection in the calf muscles during human tibial distraction osteogenesis . | 1 |
24604111 | objective | We hypothesized that it may decrease calf pain and increase ROM of the surrounding joints by reducing muscle stiffness . | 2 |
24604111 | methods | Between April @ and January @ , we evaluated @ patients undergoing bilateral tibia lengthening who met prespecified inclusion criteria . | 3 |
24604111 | methods | All patients underwent stature lengthening with lengthening over a nail or lengthening and then nailing . | 4 |
24604111 | methods | BtX-A ( @IU ) was injected at the calf muscle only in one leg for each patient and the same amount of sterile normal saline was injected into the other leg as a control . | 5 |
24604111 | methods | Selection of the leg receiving the toxin was randomized . | 6 |
24604111 | methods | Clinical evaluation included a VAS score for calf pain and measurement of ROM of the knees and ankles and calf circumference , with evaluations performed in a double-blinded manner . | 7 |
24604111 | methods | Side-to-side differences were analyzed until the end of consolidation phase . | 8 |
24604111 | methods | Minimum followup was @months ( mean , @months ; range , @-@months ) . | 9 |
24604111 | methods | The distraction rate and the final length gain were similar in the treated and control limbs . | 10 |
24604111 | methods | A priori power analysis suggested that @ legs were required to achieve statistical significance of @ with @ % of power to detect a @ % difference in treatment effect between treatment and control groups . | 11 |
24604111 | results | There were no differences in calf pain , knee and ankle ROM , and maximal calf circumferences between the two legs at each time point . | 12 |
24604111 | conclusions | Local injection of @IU BtX-A at the human calf muscle does not appear to reduce calf pain or help enhance ROM of the knee and ankle during tibial lengthening . | 13 |
24604111 | conclusions | However , the small sample size provided sufficient power to detect only relatively large clinical effects ; future , larger trials will be needed to determine whether smaller differences are present . | 14 |
24604111 | methods | Level II , therapeutic study . | 15 |
24604111 | methods | See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence . | 16 |
25872390 | objective | To assess potential of preoperative therapy with local steroid and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs ( SAIDs and NSAIDs ) for prolonging the hypotensive effect of trabeculectomy . | 0 |
25872390 | methods | A total of @ patients with primary open-angle glaucoma planed for trabeculectomy were randomized into @ groups of @ each : @ groups that differed in the studied drug ( nepafenac , dexamethasone , or their non-fixed combination ) and a control group with no preoperative therapy . | 1 |
25872390 | methods | The patients instilled @ drop of either drug b.i.d. for @ weeks before the surgery and were examined each day of the first week and then at weeks @ , @ , @ and months @ , @ , and @ . | 2 |
25872390 | methods | The rate of postoperative surgical and medical interventions ( needling , needling revision , hypotensive therapy ) was used for outcome evaluation . | 3 |
25872390 | results | Postoperative needling was required in @ % of the controls , @ % of the NSAIDs and @ % of the SAIDs patients as well as @ % the combination-therapy patients . | 4 |
25872390 | results | Needling revision had to be performed in @ % of patients from the control group and @ % of patients from the NSAIDs group . | 5 |
25872390 | results | Patients from the steroid and combination-therapy groups had no need in needling procedure . | 6 |
25872390 | results | Further hypotensive therapy was required in @ % of the control group , @ % of the NSAIDs group , @ % of the SAIDs group and @ % of the combination-therapy group . | 7 |
25872390 | results | During the first postoperative year complete success of the treatment was achieved in @ % of the controls , @ % of the NSAIDs patients , @ % of the SAIDs patients , and @ % of those under combination therapy . | 8 |
25872390 | results | Qualified success during the same period was achieved in @ % of cases . | 9 |
25872390 | conclusions | Preoperative local anti-inflammatory therapy helped to increase the one-year complete success rate after trabeculectomy as compared with the controls . | 10 |
25872390 | conclusions | The most significant hypotensive effect was noted in the combination-therapy group ( @ % ) , less significant -- in the steroid and non-steroid monotherapy groups ( @ % and @ % correspondingly ) . | 11 |
25872390 | conclusions | A negative correlation was noted between the use of nepafenac and dexamethasone and other measures aimed at increasing the hypotensive effect of glaucoma surgery . | 12 |
25899215 | methods | Case-control study ; ecological study . | 0 |
25899215 | objective | To examine the efficacy of wearing compression stockings to prevent muscle damage and to maintain running performance during a marathon competition . | 1 |
25899215 | background | Exercise-induced muscle damage has been identified as one of the main causes of the progressive decrease in running and muscular performance found during marathon races . | 2 |
25899215 | methods | Thirty-four experienced runners were pair-matched for age , anthropometric data , and best race time in the marathon , and randomly assigned to a control group ( n = @ ) of runners who wore conventional socks or to a group of runners who wore foot-to-knee graduated compression stockings ( n = @ ) . | 3 |
25899215 | methods | Before and after the race , a sample of venous blood was obtained , and jump height and leg muscle power were measured during a countermovement jump . | 4 |
25899215 | methods | Serum myoglobin and creatine kinase concentrations were determined as blood markers of muscle fiber damage . | 5 |
25899215 | results | Total race time was not different between the control group and the compression stockings group ( @ @ and @ @ minutes , respectively ; P = @ ) . | 6 |
25899215 | results | Between the control group and the compression stockings group , postrace reductions in leg muscle power ( -@ % @ % versus -@ % @ % , respectively ; P = @ ) and jump height ( -@ % @ % versus -@ % . | 7 |
25899215 | results | @ % , respectively ; P = @ ) were similar . | 8 |
25899215 | results | At the end of the race , there were no differences between the control group and the compression stockings group in serum myoglobin ( @ @ ngmL ( -@ ) versus @ @ ngmL ( -@ ) , respectively ; P = @ ) and creatine kinase concentration ( @ @ UL ( -@ ) versus @ @ UL ( -@ ) , respectively ; P = @ ) . | 9 |
25899215 | conclusions | The use of compression stockings did not improve running pace and did not prevent exercise-induced muscle damage during the marathon . | 10 |
25899215 | conclusions | Wearing compression stockings during long-distance running events is an ineffective strategy to avoid the deleterious effects of muscle damage on running performance . | 11 |
25899215 | methods | Therapy , level @b . | 12 |
24361853 | background | The relationships of left ventricular ( LV ) longitudinal and circumferential systolic dysfunction with diastolic performance in hypertensive patients have never been compared . | 0 |
24361853 | results | In @ asymptomatic hypertensive patients , circumferential function was assessed with the use of midwall fractional shortening ( mFS ) and stress-corrected mFS ( SCmFS ) , whereas longitudinal function was assessed with the use of left atrioventricular plane displacement ( AVPD ) and systolic mitral annulus velocity ( s ' ) . | 1 |
24361853 | results | Early diastolic annular velocity ( e ' ) and the E/e ' ratio were measured . | 2 |
24361853 | results | Global longitudinal and circumferential strain were determined in a subset of @ patients . | 3 |
24361853 | results | e ' was linearly related to all systolic indexes ( AVPD : R = @ ; s ' : R = @ ; mFS : R = @ ; SCmFS : R = @ ; all P < @ ) , but the correlations were stronger with longitudinal indexes than with circumferential ones ( P < @ ) . | 4 |
24361853 | results | E/e ' was nonlinearly related to AVPD ( R = -@ ; P < @ ) and s ' ( R = -@ ; P < @ ) and showed no relationship with mFS and SCmFS . | 5 |
24361853 | results | Longitudinal indexes were superior to circumferential ones in predicting e ' < @ cm/s , E/e ' < @ , and E/e ' @ . | 6 |
24361853 | results | The effect of LV geometry on LV diastolic function was evident among patients with preserved systolic longitudinal function , but was blunted among patients with impaired longitudinal function . | 7 |
24361853 | results | In multivariable analyses , only longitudinal indexes remained associated with e ' and E/e ' . | 8 |
24361853 | results | Analyses using strains provided similar results . | 9 |
24361853 | conclusions | In asymptomatic hypertensive subjects , LV diastolic performance is independently associated with longitudinal systolic dysfunction , but not with circumferential systolic dysfunction . | 10 |
24361853 | conclusions | Subtle longitudinal systolic impairment plays a role in mediating the effect of LV geometry on diastolic performance . | 11 |
24361853 | conclusions | These findings may support the need of critically revising the concept of isolated diastolic dysfunction in these patients . | 12 |
25395709 | background | Multiple Sclerosis ( MS ) is a chronic and disabling disease resulting in disabilities in young and middle-aged persons . | 0 |
25395709 | background | In this study , researchers explored the effect of yoga techniques on physical activities and sexual function among some Iranian women with MS. | 1 |
25395709 | methods | In this study , @ Iranian women with multiple sclerosis ( MS ) were placed in two equally divided control and case groups through random selection to assess pre-and post-effects of yoga exercises on their physical activities and sexual satisfaction levels . | 2 |
25395709 | methods | Women in case group were offered a series of yoga training and exercises for @ months , which consisted of @ sessions per month for @ to @ minutes at each session . | 3 |
25395709 | methods | Yoga training program included the @ principles of slow motions ( Hatayoga ) , respiratory exercises ( Pranayama ) and centralization to control mind via meditation , expansion and stasis ( Rajayoga ) . | 4 |
25395709 | methods | After @ months both groups were surveyed using the initial questionnaire to evaluate and compare findings with the base-line data . | 5 |
25395709 | results | Researchers found significant statistical difference in physical activity and sexual satisfaction levels among the women in case group ( P = @ ) . | 6 |
25395709 | results | Women in case group showed improvement in physical ability while women in control group manifested exacerbated symptoms . | 7 |
25395709 | conclusions | Yoga techniques may improve physical activities and sexual satisfaction function of women with MS. | 8 |
26080882 | objective | To evaluate the safety and efficacy of antiplatelet therapy of ticagrelor on patients suffering from acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention . | 0 |
26080882 | methods | In the study , @ patients suffering from acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction onset within @ h undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention from May to October in @ were randomly divided into ticagrelor group ( n = @ ) and clopidogrel group ( n = @ ) by using the method of random number table . | 1 |
26080882 | methods | Ticagrelor and clopidogrel antiplatelet treatment were used before and after operation . | 2 |
26080882 | methods | Their baseline data , coronary artery disease characteristics , platelet count , adenosine diphosphate ( ADP ) - induced platelet inhibition rate by thrombelastograph after @ days of treatment , the major adverse cardiovascular events of the follow up for @ months and bleeding complications were observed and compared in the two groups . | 3 |
26080882 | results | The differences between the two groups of patients with their baseline data , the features of coronary artery lesions , platelet count before and after @ days of treatment had no statistical significance ( P > @ ) . | 4 |
26080882 | results | ADP induced platelet inhibition rate -LSB- ( @ ) % -RSB- after @ days of treatment in ticagrelor group was significantly higher than that in clopidogrel group -LSB- ( @ ) % , P < @ -RSB- . | 5 |
26080882 | results | The two groups of patients were followed up for @ months , @ cases of major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in clopidogrel group , @ cases of major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in ticagrelor group , and there was significant difference between the two groups ( P < @ ) . | 6 |
26080882 | results | The two groups ( @ cases of @ patients in ticagrelor group vs. @ cases of @ patients in clopidogrel group ) had no statistically significant difference in bleeding complications ( P > @ ) . | 7 |
26080882 | conclusions | Antiplatelet therapy of ticagrelor on patients suffering from acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing emergency PCI has good efficacy and safety . | 8 |
25100336 | objective | To evaluate the image quality , radiation dose and diagnostic accuracy of @kVp , high-pitch CT pulmonary angiography ( CTPA ) with iterative reconstruction using @ ml of contrast agent . | 0 |
25100336 | methods | One hundred patients with suspected pulmonary embolism ( PE ) were randomly divided into two groups ( n = @ each ; group A , @ kVp , @ pitch , @ ml of contrast medium and filtered back projection algorithm ; group B , @ kVp , @ pitch , @ ml of contrast medium and sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction ) . | 1 |
25100336 | methods | Image quality , diagnostic accuracy and radiation dose were evaluated and compared . | 2 |
25100336 | results | Mean CT numbers of pulmonary arteries in group B were higher than those in group A ( all P < @ ) . | 3 |
25100336 | results | Contrast-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio of group B were higher than those of group A ( both P < @ ) . | 4 |
25100336 | results | There was no significant difference in subjective image quality scores between two groups ( P = @ ) . | 5 |
25100336 | results | The interobserver agreement was excellent ( k = @ ) . | 6 |
25100336 | results | There was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between the two groups ( P > @ ) . | 7 |
25100336 | results | Compared with group A , radiation dose of group B was reduced by @ % ( P < @ ) . | 8 |
25100336 | conclusions | High-pitch CTPA at @ kVp can obtain sufficient image quality in normal-weight individuals with @ ml of contrast agent and half the radiation dose of a conventional CTPA protocol . | 9 |
25100336 | conclusions | CTPA is feasible at @ kVp using only @ ml of contrast agent . | 10 |
25100336 | conclusions | High-pitch CTPA at @ kVp has an effective dose under @ mSv . | 11 |
25100336 | conclusions | This CTPA protocol can obtain sufficient image quality in normal-weight individuals . | 12 |
25267532 | background | Families express a need for guidance in helping their loved ones with anorexia nervosa ( AN ) . | 0 |
25267532 | background | Guided self-help interventions can offer support to caregivers . | 1 |
25267532 | methods | One hundred seventy-eight adult AN patients and their caregivers were recruited from @ UK treatment centres . | 2 |
25267532 | methods | Families were randomized to carers ' assessment , skills and information sharing ( C ) intervention + treatment as usual ( TAU ) or TAU alone . | 3 |
25267532 | methods | Feedback forms were sent at @months post-discharge and , if not returned , at @months . | 4 |
25267532 | methods | One hundred two ( @ % ) patient forms ( n = @TAU ; n = @C ) and @ ( @ % ) caregiver forms ( n = @TAU ; n = @C ) were returned . | 5 |
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