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25267532 | methods | Two researchers coded data blind , using thematic analysis . | 6 |
25267532 | results | ( i ) Caregivers and patients express a need for post-discharge support . | 7 |
25267532 | results | ( ii ) Patients identify helpful and unhelpful support strategies , useful for developing future interventions . | 8 |
25267532 | results | ( iii ) Patients could identify positive caregiver behaviour changes targeted in intervention . | 9 |
25267532 | results | ( iv ) Guided self-help may benefit caregiver and sufferer , post-discharge . | 10 |
25267532 | conclusions | Caregiver interventions can be a useful tool that will improve the cost effectiveness of inpatient treatment by enhancing the well-being of caregivers and patients . | 11 |
24799513 | background | Cardiac mortality and electrophysiological dysfunction both increase with age . | 0 |
24799513 | background | Heart rate variability ( HRV ) provides indices of autonomic function and electrophysiology that are associated with cardiac risk . | 1 |
24799513 | background | How habitual physical activity among older adults prospectively relates to HRV , including nonlinear indices of erratic sinus patterns , is not established . | 2 |
24799513 | background | We hypothesized that increasing the levels of both total leisure-time activity and walking would be prospectively associated with more favorable time-domain , frequency-domain , and nonlinear HRV measures in older adults . | 3 |
24799513 | results | We evaluated serial longitudinal measures of both physical activity and @-hour Holter HRV over @ years among @ older US adults in the community-based Cardiovascular Health Study . | 4 |
24799513 | results | After multivariable adjustment , greater total leisure-time activity , walking distance , and walking pace were each prospectively associated with specific , more favorable HRV indices , including higher @-hour standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals ( Ptrend = @ , @ , @ , respectively ) and ultralow-frequency power ( Ptrend = @ , @ , @ , respectively ) . | 5 |
24799513 | results | Greater walking pace was also associated with a higher short-term fractal scaling exponent ( Ptrend = @ ) and lower Poincar ratio ( Ptrend = @ ) , markers of less erratic sinus patterns . | 6 |
24799513 | conclusions | Greater total leisure-time activity , and walking alone , as well , were prospectively associated with more favorable and specific indices of autonomic function in older adults , including several suggestive of more normal circadian fluctuations and less erratic sinoatrial firing . | 7 |
24799513 | conclusions | Our results suggest potential mechanisms that might contribute to lower cardiovascular mortality with habitual physical activity later in life . | 8 |
24573358 | objective | Our aim was to compare anatomical and functional outcome between vaginal colposuspension and transvaginal mesh . | 0 |
24573358 | methods | This was a prospective randomized controlled trial in a teaching hospital . | 1 |
24573358 | methods | Sixty-eight women with stage @ anterior vaginal wall prolapse according to the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification ( POP-Q ) system were assessed , randomized , and analyzed . | 2 |
24573358 | methods | Patients were randomized to anterior colporrhaphy with vaginal colposuspension ( n = @ ) or transvaginal mesh ( n = @ ) . | 3 |
24573358 | methods | Primary outcome was objective cure rate of the anterior vaginal wall , defined as POP-Q @ at @years . | 4 |
24573358 | methods | Secondary outcomes were functional results , quality-of-life ( QoL ) scores , mesh-related morbidity , and onset of urinary incontinence . | 5 |
24573358 | results | The anatomical result for point Ba was significantly better at @years in the mesh group ( -@ cm ) than in the colposuspension group ( -@ cm ) ( p = @ ) . | 6 |
24573358 | results | Concerning POP-Q stages , the anatomical success rate at @years was @ % for colposuspension and @ % for mesh ( p = @ ) . | 7 |
24573358 | results | There were @ anatomic recurrences ( @ % ) in the colposuspension group . | 8 |
24573358 | results | The erosion rate was @ % ( n = @ ) . | 9 |
24573358 | results | No significant difference was noted regarding minor complications . | 10 |
24573358 | results | Analysis of QoL questionnaires showed overall improvement in both groups , with no significant difference between them . | 11 |
24573358 | conclusions | The vaginal colposuspension technique of anterior vaginal wall prolapse repair gave good anatomical and functional results at @years . | 12 |
24573358 | conclusions | Transobturator vaginal mesh gave better @-year anatomical results than vaginal colposuspension , with overall improvement in QoL in both groups . | 13 |
25249651 | objective | Clinical studies evaluating the effects of medications on - cell function in type @ diabetes ( T@DM ) are compromised by an inability to determine the actual baseline degree of - cell dysfunction independent of the reversible dysfunction induced by hyperglycemia ( glucotoxicity ) . | 0 |
25249651 | objective | Short-term intensive insulin therapy ( IIT ) is a strategy for eliminating glucotoxicity before randomization . | 1 |
25249651 | objective | This study determined whether liraglutide can preserve - cell function over @ weeks in early T@DM following initial elimination of glucotoxicity with IIT . | 2 |
25249651 | methods | In this double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled trial , @ patients with T@DM of @ @ years ' duration and an A@C of @ @ % ( @ @ mmol/mol ) completed @ weeks of IIT before randomization to daily subcutaneous liraglutide or placebo injection , with serial assessment of - cell function by Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-@ ( ISSI-@ ) on oral glucose tolerance test performed every @ weeks . | 3 |
25249651 | results | The primary outcome of baseline-adjusted ISSI-@ at @ weeks was higher in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group ( @ @ vs. @ @ , P = @ ) . | 4 |
25249651 | results | Baseline-adjusted HbA@c at @ weeks was lower in the liraglutide group ( @ @ % vs. @ @ % , P = @ ) ( @ @ vs. @ @ mmol/mol ) . | 5 |
25249651 | results | At each quarterly assessment , > @ % of participants on liraglutide had an HbA@c @ % ( @ mmol/mol ) and glucose tolerance in the nondiabetic range . | 6 |
25249651 | results | Despite this level of glycemic control , no difference was found in the incidence of hypoglycemia between the liraglutide and placebo groups ( P = @ ) . | 7 |
25249651 | results | Two weeks after stopping treatment , however , the beneficial effect on ISSI-@ of liraglutide versus placebo was entirely lost ( @ @ vs. @ @ , P = @ ) . | 8 |
25249651 | conclusions | Liraglutide provides robust enhancement of - cell function that is sustained over @ weeks in early T@DM but lost upon cessation of therapy . | 9 |
25110443 | objective | To investigate the effectiveness of rectally administered indomethacin in the prophylaxis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP ) pancreatitis and hyperamylasaemia in a multicentre study . | 0 |
25110443 | methods | A prospective , randomised , placebo-controlled multicentre study in five endoscopic units was conducted on @ patients randomised to receive a suppository containing @ mg indomethacin , or an inert placebo , @-@ min before ERCP . | 1 |
25110443 | methods | Post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasaemia were evaluated @ h following the procedure on the basis of clinical signs and laboratory parameters , and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging findings if required . | 2 |
25110443 | results | Twenty-one patients were excluded because of incompleteness of their data or because of protocol violation . | 3 |
25110443 | results | The results of @ investigations were evaluated : @ in the indomethacin group and @ in the placebo group . | 4 |
25110443 | results | The distributions of the risk factors in the two groups did not differ significantly . | 5 |
25110443 | results | Pancreatitis developed in @ patients ( @ % ) : it was mild in @ ( @ % ) and severe in eight ( @ % ) cases . | 6 |
25110443 | results | Hyperamylaesemia occurred in @ patients ( @ % ) . | 7 |
25110443 | results | There was no significant difference between the indomethacin and placebo groups in the incidence of either post-ERCP pancreatitis ( @ % vs @ % ) or hyperamylasaemia ( @ % vs @ % ) . | 8 |
25110443 | results | Similarly , subgroup analysis did not reveal any significant differences between the two groups . | 9 |
25110443 | conclusions | @ mg rectal indomethacin administered before ERCP did not prove effective in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis . | 10 |
24249722 | background | We sought to determine the incidence of newly diagnosed diabetes in treated elderly hypertensive patients and the prognostic impact of diabetes on long-term survival . | 0 |
24249722 | methods | The Second Australian National Blood Pressure ( ANBP@ ) study randomized @,@ hypertensive patients aged @-@ years to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ( ACEI ) or thiazide diuretic-based therapy and followed them for a median of @ years . | 1 |
24249722 | methods | Long-term survival was determined in @,@ patients over an additional median of @ years after ANBP@ ( post-trial ) . | 2 |
24249722 | results | After ANBP@ , the cohort was classified into preexisting ( @ % ) , newly diagnosed ( @ % ) , and no diabetes ( @ % ) groups . | 3 |
24249722 | results | A @ % higher incidence of newly diagnosed diabetes was observed in patients randomized to thiazide diuretic compared with ACEI-based treatment . | 4 |
24249722 | results | The other predictors of newly diagnosed diabetes were having a higher body mass index , having a higher random blood glucose , and living in a regional location compared to major cities ( a geographical classification based on accessibility ) at study entry . | 5 |
24249722 | results | After completion of ANBP@ , compared with those with no diabetes , the preexisting diabetes group experienced higher cardiovascular ( hazards ratio ( HR ) = @ ; @ % confidence interval ( CI ) = @-@ @ ) and all-cause mortality ( HR = @ ; @ % CI = @-@ @ ) when adjusted for age , sex , and treatment . | 6 |
24249722 | results | A similar pattern was observed after including the post-trial period for cardiovascular ( HR = @ ; @ % CI = @-@ @ ) and all-cause mortality ( HR = @ ; @ % CI = @-@ @ ) . | 7 |
24249722 | results | However , when the newly diagnosed group was compared with the no diabetes group , no significant difference was observed in cardiovascular ( HR = @ ; @ % CI = @-@ @ ) or all-cause mortality ( HR = @ ; @ % CI = @-@ @ ) either during the ANBP@ trial or including post-trial follow-up ( cardiovascular : HR = @ ; @ % CI = @-@ @ ; all-cause mortality : HR = @ ; @ % CI = @-@ @ ) . | 8 |
24249722 | conclusions | Long-term presence of diabetes reduces survival . | 9 |
24249722 | conclusions | Compared with thiazide diuretics , ACEI-based antihypertensives may delay the development of diabetes in those at risk and thus potentially improve cardiovascular outcome in the elderly . | 10 |
25027286 | background | Obesity is associated with a risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease . | 0 |
25027286 | background | The pharmacodynamic efficacy of proton pump inhibitors has not been specifically evaluated in obese subjects . | 1 |
25027286 | background | The aim of this study was to compare the antisecretory response to a single oral dose of @ mg rabeprazole , @ mg omeprazole and placebo in obese subjects . | 2 |
25027286 | methods | Gastric pH was monitored for @ hours on three separate occasions in eighteen H. pylori-negative , asymptomatic obese subjects . | 3 |
25027286 | methods | Subjects were given omeprazole , rabeprazole or placebo in a randomized order and in a double-blind fashion . | 4 |
25027286 | methods | The main analysis criterion was @-h percent of time post dose with intragastric pH above @ ; secondary criteria were percentage of time above pH @ , median pH , -LSB- H + -RSB- concentrations and nocturnal acid breakthrough ( NAB ) . | 5 |
25027286 | methods | Results were analyzed using linear mixed models and Wilks test comparing variances . | 6 |
25027286 | results | @-h median -LSB- IQ -RSB- percentages of time with gastric pH above @ and @ were higher with rabeprazole than omeprazole ( @ -LSB- @-@ -RSB- vs. @ -LSB- @-@ -RSB- % , @ -LSB- @-@ -RSB- % for placebo ) but the differences did not reach statistical significance ( p = @ and @ , respectively ) . | 7 |
25027286 | results | Median acid concentrations were significantly lower with rabeprazole than with omeprazole and placebo ( @ -LSB- @-@ -RSB- vs. @ -LSB- @-@ -RSB- and @ -LSB- @-@ -RSB- mmoles/l , p < @ ) for all periods . | 8 |
25027286 | results | The number of NAB was significantly lower with rabeprazole than with omeprazole ( median @ -LSB- @,@ -RSB- vs. @ -LSB- @-@ -RSB- , p = @ ) . | 9 |
25027286 | results | Variances of @-h data ( pH above @ and @ , median pH , -LSB- H + -RSB- concentrations ) were significantly lower with rabeprazole than with omeprazole ( p < @ ) . | 10 |
25027286 | conclusions | In asymptomatic obese subjects the gastric antisecretory response to a single dose of rabeprazole and omeprazole was strong and not significantly different between drugs despite a significantly more homogeneous response with rabeprazole . | 11 |
25439809 | objective | To study the effect of growth hormone ( GH ) treatment on ovarian and uterine morphology and function in short , prepubertal small-for-gestational-age ( SGA ) girls . | 0 |
25439809 | methods | A multinational , randomized controlled trial on safety and efficacy of GH therapy in short , prepubertal children born SGA . | 1 |
25439809 | methods | Not applicable . | 2 |
25439809 | methods | A subgroup of @ Danish girls born SGA included in North European SGA Study ( NESGAS ) . | 3 |
25439809 | methods | One year of GH treatment ( @ g/kg/day ) followed by @ years of randomized GH treatment ( @ g/kg/day , @ g/kg/day , or IGF-I titrated ) . | 4 |
25439809 | methods | Data on anthropometrics , reproductive hormones , and ultrasonographic examination of the internal genitalia were collected during @ months of GH treatment . | 5 |
25439809 | results | Uterine and ovarian volume increased significantly during @ years of treatment ( @ % and @ % , respectively ) but remained low within normal reference ranges . | 6 |
25439809 | results | Ovarian follicles became visible in @ % after @ year compared with @ % before GH therapy . | 7 |
25439809 | results | Anti-Mllerian hormone increased significantly during the @ years of GH therapy but remained within the normal range . | 8 |
25439809 | results | Precocious puberty was observed in one girl ; another girl developed multicystic ovaries . | 9 |
25439809 | conclusions | GH treatment was associated with statistically significant growth of the internal genitalia , but remained within the normal range . | 10 |
25439809 | conclusions | As altered pubertal development and ovarian morphology were found in @ of @ girls , monitoring of puberty and ovarian function during GH therapy in SGA girls is prudent . | 11 |
25439809 | conclusions | Altogether , the findings are reassuring . | 12 |
25439809 | conclusions | However , long-term effects of GH treatment on adult reproductive function remain unknown . | 13 |
24898858 | objective | To test the hypothesis that a brief , clinic-based , single-session programme will reduce the rate of @ selected condom use errors in a clinical sample of young black men ( YBM ) ages @ through @ years . | 0 |
24898858 | methods | Data were collected in clinics treating patients with sexually transmitted infections ( STI ) in three southern US cities . | 1 |
24898858 | methods | Males @-@years of age who identified as black/African-American , and reported recent ( past @months ) condom use were eligible . | 2 |
24898858 | methods | Only those also reporting condom use in the @months prior to a @-month follow-up assessment ( n = @ ) were included in this secondary analysis of data from a randomised , controlled trial . | 3 |
24898858 | methods | Difference scores were used to capture a GroupTime effect . | 4 |
24898858 | results | YBM reported @ condom use events in the @months preceding study enrolment and @ in the @months preceding the follow-up assessment . | 5 |
24898858 | results | Mean baseline error rates were @ and @ for young men randomised to the intervention and control conditions , respectively . | 6 |
24898858 | results | Follow-up rates were @ and @ for young men randomised to the intervention and control conditions , respectively . | 7 |
24898858 | results | Controlled findings yielded a significant effect for the influence of group assignment on the difference score ( baseline to follow-up ) in the condom use error rate ( = @ ; p = @ ) . | 8 |
24898858 | conclusions | A brief , clinic-based counselling programme produced modest reductions in condom use errors among YBM attending STI clinics in the southern USA Intensified clinic-based intervention that helps YBM improve the quality of their condom use behaviours is warranted . | 9 |
24672940 | objective | To provide evidence for Chinese medical treatment of children with EB virus infection by exploring its clinical efficacy from multiple angles . | 0 |
24672940 | methods | Totally @ children patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group ( @ cases ) and the control group ( @ cases ) . | 1 |
24672940 | methods | Patients in the treatment group took Chinese medical decoction , while those in the control received intravenous dripping of Ganciclovir and oral administration of pidotimod . | 2 |
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