id
stringlengths
47
93
document_id
stringlengths
40
40
text
stringlengths
76
3.33k
labels
list
e9e1691f28a16cef81c3222cf1acb3a02a45d01c>6167fd0e24174b54c623ee793bac97bc7dc80fd5_5
e9e1691f28a16cef81c3222cf1acb3a02a45d01c
Animal treatment Regeneration of soleus muscles in 300–330 g male Wistar rats was induced by notexin as described previously (Zádor et al. 1996).
[ "method" ]
f690c2387d4aa7d415f1b6faba6ad15fce57de90>2566fbc8f3c03f790a5646c85fe12b8dc58075b5_6
f690c2387d4aa7d415f1b6faba6ad15fce57de90
The fusion reaction is probably triggered by the low pH in the lysosomes (Helenius et al., 1980a, b; White & Helenius, 1980; White et al., 1980).
[ "background" ]
0f9d055c2485351938f407d474cd694b374f8d84>98aed49d2dea0b223d98ee8c0ef9fd79f4376617_0
0f9d055c2485351938f407d474cd694b374f8d84
These coordinates correspond to the functional center of the hindpaw cortical map in C and HU14 groups as determined in a prior study [18].
[ "method" ]
85232b6c04019d79bd8fd026ffcc5aa8cb32e3cc>e597a3ad0a671490fbdb8abf180370de434ef08a_4
85232b6c04019d79bd8fd026ffcc5aa8cb32e3cc
As the study arms might not be comparable at baseline, even in RCTs, we used Becker’s strategy to adjust for the reported difference between arms at baseline when calculating SMDs; for pre-and-post intervention studies without a comparison arm and for serial cross-sectional intervention studies, we assumed the value for the comparison arm was zero [51].
[ "method" ]
7de32bac0485a2b8d302e6b3d855ed237b61c25c>c5e2dfb49736a002cc60bb235f187402197c62df_0
7de32bac0485a2b8d302e6b3d855ed237b61c25c
According to the model results presented here, this would cause cool waters off Oman, consistent with the G. bulloides record.
[ "result", "not_supportive" ]
7c08f12e883125df92aca4848c81bbe5bc4a8eae>14731aaa113d30bc5e37bee4af8e5f6462ce5f19_5
7c08f12e883125df92aca4848c81bbe5bc4a8eae
Previous studies established that caveolin-3 is recovered from neonatal rat cardiomyocyte cultures in light vesicular membranes, along with flotillin-1 and flotillin-2/ESA (19).
[ "result" ]
076d59d308c1cfbb948dd5c14a2cdae694c79822>d8552130efbb5ecced41b368dc039d15aa11c026_0
076d59d308c1cfbb948dd5c14a2cdae694c79822
Based on our current results and a previous study involving development of motor innervation in the small intestine (Ward et al. 2006), ICC-DMP may mediate a significant portion of cholinergic responses in the circular muscle layer.
[ "result" ]
a5ea7c98ce4e9c46aee1c9d66df85c4a631d4fe3>76673ab572b73ed6e8ebf59f5b5ae28453f873f9_2
a5ea7c98ce4e9c46aee1c9d66df85c4a631d4fe3
75 to 1 mg/kg per day for 3 months, then 40 mg/d for 3 months, and finally tapering to 20 mg/d or 20 mg every other day for 6 months, for a total treatment time of approximately 1 year.(1,3,5,17,66,68,71,72,74) Monitoring for untoward effects of steroid therapy such as gastrointestinal bleeding, hyperglycemia, fluid retention, depression, personality changes, psychosis, and restlessness is a priority of care.
[ "background" ]
80ccbbb5be3ffd2d6e25dd42305cfc21fd62dd68>3270eed8fa3b9e349057822eeeac59cc7531523d_0
80ccbbb5be3ffd2d6e25dd42305cfc21fd62dd68
a) Comparison with known results: The model considered by Neely [22] is the same as R-model-U.
[ "result", "not_supportive" ]
302106972f47762ff950c4c8bc7dcfae6edff655>129cb5a91a0ac0119fd08fc4fd91b604f3b4875c_0
302106972f47762ff950c4c8bc7dcfae6edff655
(33) showed that VT measured with whole body plethysmography was similar to that measured with pneumotachography under normal conditions in urethane-anesthetized mice, which suggests that the decompression component is small under such conditions.
[ "method" ]
e2e9ce75aab15707ff3b85378b61f161c0b7886a>39688485b3149cfaa7b97d2e6eb20577b7ad1bff_1
e2e9ce75aab15707ff3b85378b61f161c0b7886a
PTOV1 can bind to flotillin-1 (Santamaria et al. 2005) and the 14-3-3 protein (Benzinger et al. 2005), which can interact with CDK1 (Chan et al. 1999).
[ "background" ]
18c97ea2ff60c110cc2a523e0fdf729608cbb083>fc13b9c3dfcc121013edaa12fa8ce7842aaed21a_0
18c97ea2ff60c110cc2a523e0fdf729608cbb083
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is emerging as a critical player in neurodegenerative disease and in acute neuropathology (Martin et al., 2009; Martin, 2010a,b).
[ "background" ]
c699aa4dd0ed83783c22909d0324f57f2151538b>9abc09423aa2d8ada2027e28470d963afc183287_1
c699aa4dd0ed83783c22909d0324f57f2151538b
In addition, tSC processes extending from denervated endplates contact intact nerve terminals and form “tSC bridges” that induce and guide terminal sprouts to denervated endplates (Son and Thompson, 1995a; Love et al., 2003).
[ "background" ]
e8f94d8dc07af9aa2eb294855831b5f30fe162b5>f1544d1b759783c4d7c499114e557266d4e31658_0
e8f94d8dc07af9aa2eb294855831b5f30fe162b5
Food and water was available ad lib. Apparatus The apparatus used to test subjects had been described in detail elsewhere (Parr et al. 2006, 2008).
[ "method" ]
d2bcff78be492e5b3579639d8c60f26b6ff1a864>15af0de1ee98e55da11f26242c511a82253cc898_2
d2bcff78be492e5b3579639d8c60f26b6ff1a864
The substrate recognition sequence is highly conserved in all flaviviruses and consists of two basic residues in P2 and P1 followed by a small unbranched amino acid in P1’ [22,43].
[ "background" ]
d137748600e0b1350507df2145817c07c4dc16d8>4606f2d729985f1bcb49b88994043eee6b10241c_0
d137748600e0b1350507df2145817c07c4dc16d8
These variables are commonly used in the literature when comparing and describing nursing homes (Castle, 2001; Castle & Engberg, 2008; Department of Health and Human Services, 2009).
[ "method" ]
2f82dfa009bbf2a400908101438bf9a18a87a166>f3e018cc26e36b4af92789494dbe02721f6b9ce9_0
2f82dfa009bbf2a400908101438bf9a18a87a166
The change in the apparent diameter of the particles was calculated using equation (1), where di is the diameter of the protein-coated particles and ds is the apparent diameter of the sample after immunogold-labelling:
[ "method" ]
43763b0d91805b7beaedd79f44057b7b5ab8f0c9>d499c7c0d3b907c1bf7a6f61c239599c02d5a1df_2
43763b0d91805b7beaedd79f44057b7b5ab8f0c9
As reported by others (Roshan et al. 2003; Fisher et al. 2002), the results of SICI with threshold tracking showed two periods of maximal inhibition at ISIs 1 and 3 ms.
[ "result", "supportive" ]
d58c0ae7677182cf78fd9244f5e4e7f92d45a212>0d2fc90eaedb9dcf6258b71a3200350a5625ea79_1
d58c0ae7677182cf78fd9244f5e4e7f92d45a212
The finding that the less effective strategy and fewer relevant results saved lead to lower satisfaction is supported by previous research (Bilal & Kirby, 2002; Wang et al., 2000).
[ "result" ]
b21155c73df137fec31aff33b8e183a21629d137>cf669dc3d74c7610157feb79e7352920fa3a1774_0
b21155c73df137fec31aff33b8e183a21629d137
To achieve this aim, we used the Traditional Beliefs About Gender and Identity scale (TBGI; Dasgupta & Rivera, 2006).
[ "method" ]
49987bb914cbfcfe96eee8f8e2932aa3205b79de>1dfe9a05cbfcf48364fe53f84795ef2b06357c73_0
49987bb914cbfcfe96eee8f8e2932aa3205b79de
Several previous studies showed that both EAV and PRRSV infections induce apoptosis via TNF receptor signaling (68, 111).
[ "method" ]
72f995b6c91eb458c1c7424b791af99533c8258d>fea55dfe7b549d21043f0d893d2039e160e975c6_0
72f995b6c91eb458c1c7424b791af99533c8258d
According to a recent meta-analysis of the psychological interventions in FM [24], only five randomised, controlled trials have assessed PC as one of the outcomes [25-29].
[ "method" ]
646cbcea153582733b6c3d04d05fe9e4f216ca83>eb757f7f428ccd4b62f389da44848cb7077e3f27_1
646cbcea153582733b6c3d04d05fe9e4f216ca83
To alleviate the bias toward some area of the space in which the population is initialized, we used a non-uniformly (asymmetrically) initialization range [3], as given in Table 1, that does not
[ "method" ]
ea866a474d9e467842717c6de0e3d1caf2afa12f>3592758c337458c29b4f5268f31cf6decb542e0c_1
ea866a474d9e467842717c6de0e3d1caf2afa12f
2002), nucleic acids (McCallum and Pardi 2003) and protein– RNA complexes (Bayer et al. 1999).
[ "background" ]
8e96990556d15508e8a378553bd49581b0090600>4dc9b921227ff0b85063b80791ae526920bd3485_0
8e96990556d15508e8a378553bd49581b0090600
It has been repeatedly shown that plasmodesmata, which form a system of intercellular communication, play an important role in differentiation of multicellular plant organisms [10].
[ "background" ]
0d0cb2b39eaf2763c6bcefb6a73f63e8d3d93a02>55942cd828e2aa86db8b1c9a6cf329e20de5a3fb_0
0d0cb2b39eaf2763c6bcefb6a73f63e8d3d93a02
Aggregates or similar special predicates have been already built in several ASP solvers [4, 26]: the next example shows how to fast prototype aggregate semantics without taking into account of the efficiency of a built-in implementation.
[ "background" ]
36d8b1280c0caa03fc822ad25b285f84e277f559>16526f63b609525a5a0d8488d23b9131b3587000_3
36d8b1280c0caa03fc822ad25b285f84e277f559
The distribution of Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS)—the flow boundaries in unsteady flows—can be further extracted as the ridges in stochastic FTLE fields [2].
[ "background" ]
a31f3431d87810718f78bd70894fe4a4bb4915b5>d1dca74988c1852e4e8608d06023e3f73c453757_3
a31f3431d87810718f78bd70894fe4a4bb4915b5
The stimuli consisted of individual sentences, ten words in length, many of which were used in Leonard and Baum (1998).
[ "background" ]
aa2cd9d04362b7c84602e3fd6b0b0d91b945fb87>932de154c10090d21334811fd0b867ebb9d9dcff_5
aa2cd9d04362b7c84602e3fd6b0b0d91b945fb87
Recently, a few real option models characterized by the presence of Knightian uncertainty( or ambiguity) 8 have been proposed (Nishimura and Ozaki, 2007; Asano, 2005; Trojanowska and Kort, 2010; Miao and Wang, 2010).
[ "background" ]
c530edac57ffa39997801a600c486eb231a87a6d>21b324399af869ff28634117eaaeaccfd52d371c_9
c530edac57ffa39997801a600c486eb231a87a6d
The adaptive designs in Bartroff and Lai (2008) and this article can fulfill the seemingly disparate requirements of flexibility and efficiency on a design.
[ "background" ]
4f29bb911fced42c0eb022b0667dc1b8821e281a>5af1eb1c5829e593c8a78c79221ff56eb01a377c_1
4f29bb911fced42c0eb022b0667dc1b8821e281a
They comprised 136 strains isolated from clinical environments; 42 strains isolated from intertidal sand contaminated by Prestige’s crude oil [23]; 50 strains from our laboratory collection, which have been previously studied by multilocus sequence analysis, MLSA [6, 20, 22]; and strain PE, which was isolated from a bioreactor seeded with the commercial compound Putidoil®.
[ "method" ]
6a3acbb2d3cf75b9cb9221b0d8acc32559ec4cf8>c5e3a8394b240169dbfaac49eec6b76b5ce2a4b9_4
6a3acbb2d3cf75b9cb9221b0d8acc32559ec4cf8
Consequently, AMPKα phosphorylation is higher in the liver of Tg mice, resulting in increased phosphorylation and inhibition of ACC [72].
[ "background" ]
d11fff30a8adc0038aa7a055f3d62590c3a24dad>52c60a34aec92623dbef2098816c60735f657cc0_4
d11fff30a8adc0038aa7a055f3d62590c3a24dad
Since androgen stimulation could induce DNA damage in androgen-deprived prostate cancer cells (Figure 1 and 2) (4), we aimed to determine if exposure of AR-positive cells to supraphysiological levels of androgens for 6 hours (the point of maximal induction of DSBs, but absence of significant androgen mediated cell cycle progression as shown in Figure 1 and 2) could synergize with IR.
[ "background" ]
5a5de10b3d41dd0c6f6a8f290808e074c5187d01>79f61a170f1b2133713feec94b5fa730841273ea_2
5a5de10b3d41dd0c6f6a8f290808e074c5187d01
Image Webs The most related algorithm to our proposed incremental construction method is Image Webs [3].
[ "method" ]
0ec5bf54921fb55a66383970dbf9040724e281e4>c824fde7bf52707c957aeb5c297268efb9d9a669_6
0ec5bf54921fb55a66383970dbf9040724e281e4
Aniline exposure increases the expression of CDKs CDKs are core components of the cell cycle machinery and the vital regulators driving cell cycle progression (Malumbres and Barbacid, 2001; Olashaw and Pledger, 2002; Chulu and Liu, 2009; Malumbres and Barbacid, 2009).
[ "background" ]
416af104bf6794923b270d1dabc848388f4f9d51>f1bf860e3d8a17fb2d7b28af801c8e6bea441e39_0
416af104bf6794923b270d1dabc848388f4f9d51
Other studies demonstrated that Period 1 (per1), another member of the Period family, and per2 exhibit circadian oscillations in mRNA expression in human peripheral leucocytes [5-8].
[ "background" ]
dc18241f7235cc320af8980253f3a19c89ca1026>a48ca1f01ecc9ba8e76587a782f0b578975459d2_1
dc18241f7235cc320af8980253f3a19c89ca1026
Also, recent studies from our laboratory indicated that the human intestinal Caco2 cell line is a suitable model for the human intestinal epithelia to investigate the regulation of the Cl−/OH− exchange process [23, 24].
[ "background" ]
599de37e6628fd9e2f42eff08de73e85fc9e3e10>d55c95cedf9904a2776b682518c24b4d4d96bec7_0
599de37e6628fd9e2f42eff08de73e85fc9e3e10
Because ribbons and short-wavelength folds occur together at the margins of crustal plateaus and show compatible principal strain orientations [Ghent and Hansen, 1999], it is possible that they formed simultaneously, under the principle that the shortest-wavelength tectonic features represent the…
[ "background" ]
b102d86315c5780f527f0d7a9c03300f12283fab>8c9678393432a349a19fcad03036503985853257_16
b102d86315c5780f527f0d7a9c03300f12283fab
Despite no significant changes in active GLP-1 levels, 2.3- and 2.2-fold higher insulin (P = 0.045) and IGF-1 levels (P = 0.0045) were found in R6/2 mouse cortex compared to WT littermates (Fig.
[ "result" ]
77f4a2365ba1b6ffc8d13e049654b1359c29671a>841aba543847838da1e2310ed5339a546c5a2b2d_18
77f4a2365ba1b6ffc8d13e049654b1359c29671a
Our earlier work has stressed the importance of electric field frequency and phase with respect to intracellular chemical oscillators (Kindzelskii and Petty, 2000).
[ "background" ]
69c6697975e1fd2e173ff0adfcf71768cdb94281>96723110f8a734379bee0c870629092b9371c37d_0
69c6697975e1fd2e173ff0adfcf71768cdb94281
Such a process favors local systems to take over on long-distance brain connections and decreases intellectual abilities, (van den Heuvel et al., 2009) which lead to a hypothesis of a continuum in the intrinsic network degradation from normal aging to mild cognitive impairment to AD dementia.
[ "background" ]
d21ed6a2508cd5081910f966da8ffbf8a601436b>51523a9c19398e4ee1aaed797506b4b14244b510_0
d21ed6a2508cd5081910f966da8ffbf8a601436b
In addition, both sustained and selective attention were measured with the Continuous Performance Task (CPT) [21].
[ "method" ]
b5cdbc0d1da82008a5e8aa0b4e341844a597a004>9e176d52984b9a88fa28b78453ee4bbe5a02d5ec_0
b5cdbc0d1da82008a5e8aa0b4e341844a597a004
The complexity of the tumor is increased by its extreme heterogeneity, supported by a vast array of genetic changes and cross-talk between signaling pathways (36, 37), which supply and sustain its high proliferation rate and its ability to infiltrate the surrounding normal parenchyma, representing themajor driving force behind tumor recurrence.
[ "background" ]
3211c9483ee359709264929efe9e39c447244eab>7bd68206f2189aeb32c6ca13545a5e29d1c3629b_0
3211c9483ee359709264929efe9e39c447244eab
We found a negative correlation of hyperactivity and BOLD response in the striatal node 1, which is consistent with previous studies in both clinical (2, 20) and nonclinical samples (35).
[ "result", "supportive" ]
4db53b585dcf95d06cc3663a0a067dbe73958d35>0c2e3e328fe5dadfc059f16847f61b4748991bef_0
4db53b585dcf95d06cc3663a0a067dbe73958d35
A surface-exposed pocket of SspA that includes the Tyr92 residue is important for SspA activity [42] (Figure 5A), raising the question of whether phosphorylation of Tyr92 affects SspA activity.
[ "background" ]
6c35daed9152715f966550f99e2a11d9cd8084ca>e9ed1d98b337f240865399511c8839cc1e822e7e_2
6c35daed9152715f966550f99e2a11d9cd8084ca
We have investigated breast cancer cell invasion in response to signaling cues and stromal cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts and ECs [28, 32].
[ "background" ]
1a5f3c7ce21bd8dafdc9a79b2741bcd5d7f4564e>1e553964ccc8ccc090450aaebe1c87aaacf9ec83_0
1a5f3c7ce21bd8dafdc9a79b2741bcd5d7f4564e
Both phylogenies show bindin alleles of each Neotropical species of Echinometra clustered into reciprocally monophyletic units, but in the McCartney and Lessios (2004) phylogeny, the sister clade of E. lucunter alleles consisted of alleles of E. vanbrunti.
[ "background" ]
18eea59972f7d6e937d98ccc2424d81be2129998>42e317c43d6fdd27a726deb6f6489c823a1c1642_3
18eea59972f7d6e937d98ccc2424d81be2129998
In school-age children with CP, other researchers have found behavioral problems including passivity, immaturity, and anxiety (Graham & Rutter, 1968b; Haslett, 1978; Hourcade & Parette, 1984; Rosenbloom, 1971).
[ "background" ]
28b9b7599e564dd44c5b997adf46c5c9cb9b1377>005a473a7d50814813dfc4cbf86c8ad1444e3fc3_0
28b9b7599e564dd44c5b997adf46c5c9cb9b1377
Two studies using direct measurements by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp reported that intrauterine growth restriction or low birth weight decreased the insulin sensitivity of whole body glucose uptake in young adult men and women combined (17) or of glycolysis, although not whole body glucose uptake in young adult men (18).
[ "result" ]
357f5c0e567a13954b25de88d326707864421de1>f121cec18c235fde0669c8d6d3a806266acc1bba_0
357f5c0e567a13954b25de88d326707864421de1
Interestingly, PTB is relocalized from nucleus to the cytoplasm upon enterovirus infection as well as expression of 2A protease (34).
[ "background" ]
410376c6a35d3dd09a544e0b334ac4e11e22da52>bc09dfbd0300f89c727c3b5f494b326fc0bb9b15_0
410376c6a35d3dd09a544e0b334ac4e11e22da52
[3] The major complication that may arise is the diffuse venous congestion due to drainage insufficiency,[6,7] neither originated by venous thrombosis nor by technical failures.
[ "background" ]
21c44db71f8965dd970ffa23bcda403fdb306aba>7fa4f05dd489b6dd03065069f660c89328337e18_10
21c44db71f8965dd970ffa23bcda403fdb306aba
…solutions with the algorithms from Abramov (1989), Petkovšek (1992), Abramov and Petkovšek (1994), Abramov and Zima (1996), Bronstein (2000), Schneider (2001, 2005c), simplifying the solutions by our advanced telescoping algorithms (Schneider, 2005a, 2008, 2010c, 2015) and taking the first…
[ "method" ]
468250e7a13d70b1fa79d0d5012ee00338e81367>921b1ec96423494092b6adf693eb7e4928679714_0
468250e7a13d70b1fa79d0d5012ee00338e81367
These results corroborate our previous findings in which we showed that even low-income individuals with limited education and no previous computer skills were able to navigate successfully an educational computer program after 5-15 minutes of supervised training, when specific user interface principles were implemented [38,39,56].
[ "result", "not_supportive" ]
e5ccdf02a36ce8dac45ec9563cf934885f4330b9>0d75d3b048f27fe740dc045d08a83b7717fbe920_0
e5ccdf02a36ce8dac45ec9563cf934885f4330b9
Examples of such sequences include radial [36], spiral [37] and keyhole [38] acquisitions, which need validation for abdominal DCE-MRI.
[ "background" ]
97e2b13cb35d9d69ec82979326a41f977c435da0>8435e2b9e4dd4f54696a370464bcec819a842f4c_1
97e2b13cb35d9d69ec82979326a41f977c435da0
Its utilization in the context of cluster ensembles for gene expression data [18] is another significant future research.
[ "background" ]
c49ef960d4abc1e03b2b36dbc42f44e3c001ce46>4400c5c46b12fd9f5de1d05d0d4e79d7f820f536_6
c49ef960d4abc1e03b2b36dbc42f44e3c001ce46
The validation study has shown that the root mean square differences for the hip and knee flexion/extension with three camera views were 2.6° and 7.5°, and multiple and perpendicular views were recommended to obtain more accurate results (Krosshaug and Bahr, 2005).
[ "background" ]
de55a5cd1616bf4539bf66936b34e90a594cabee>32a089cfda93488dd4ce93bef85500d27e660d8d_1
de55a5cd1616bf4539bf66936b34e90a594cabee
, 1992; Murrell-Lagnado and Aldrich, 1993b) or by introducing, and altering the concentration of, an ‘‘inert’’ cation (Anderson et al., 1988; Lucchesi and Moczydlowski, 1991).
[ "background" ]
83ea1d96428024c6f42f3896a20f0c0d1c72a514>fa2ea842f70cdb90e18d3b3db1191e43b066aff2_0
83ea1d96428024c6f42f3896a20f0c0d1c72a514
Iterative rounds of model building with COOT and TLS-refinement and restrained maximum-likelihood refinement with REFMAC resulted in the final model at 1.55 AÃä resolution described in Table 1.
[ "method" ]
52cb8b5930e8e452bece4ff5dffe5a3f1b4b3343>ad40428b40b051164ade961bc841a0da2c44515d_0
52cb8b5930e8e452bece4ff5dffe5a3f1b4b3343
Mothers reported on their symptoms of depression within the last week using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (Radloff, 1977).
[ "method" ]
653b980c228543327fad35be0fbeda192b47fe53>c908bac4c6f0b2d73b8ef00ed712d992578abdce_0
653b980c228543327fad35be0fbeda192b47fe53
5 mmHg and an aortic afterload of 80 mmHg for 40 min as previously described (1, 12, 23, 24).
[ "method" ]
4ed567bdb0e524449ceb5d9b58fc00179bf6559f>22d02a0469d7c42a7050e24472d11185048aeff1_1
4ed567bdb0e524449ceb5d9b58fc00179bf6559f
NAC at 5–20 mM has been shown to block HIV infection, particularly at the step of transcription (49, 50, 63, 64).
[ "background" ]
1b703be1431048b2f7aa190c3581fdaacbba1c9a>76c1471668583caa19e38bf9107009b7481dec7c_2
1b703be1431048b2f7aa190c3581fdaacbba1c9a
To quantify LD mass, we used a flow cytometry approach using BODIPY staining, as previously described [26].
[ "method" ]
2dd38b5b76ad6e19df903376033c515a8114f3de>9786489db9e3af186bc1950785671f49c1ce2b33_2
2dd38b5b76ad6e19df903376033c515a8114f3de
2004) and the other based on linkage disequilibrium following Waples (2006) and implemented in the program LDNe (Waples and Do 2008).
[ "method" ]
ab928a898f368f11f2bcc194857125b1fbdb4a1e>99d3c3b66d65dc2a7e6972a0b6a53f60e71eead2_0
ab928a898f368f11f2bcc194857125b1fbdb4a1e
) [11] which can be used by adopting unrestricted programming model [12] and also restricted programming model [13].
[ "background" ]
2417526934446d81023af49f27bb7f52044bcb78>73f36294b5992a53e4f075e384fe30a13c629bb4_8
2417526934446d81023af49f27bb7f52044bcb78
The four mammalian 50 noncoding exons are mutually exclusive; each is spliced directly to the first coding sequence (Drews et al. 2005).
[ "background" ]
5ddd341c20f323d736e9b3899ad20561c9bdbeea>8f2cfced117e54b3e1ba97b0e43f34e0ec747952_7
5ddd341c20f323d736e9b3899ad20561c9bdbeea
Here, we report our analyses of fungal co-occurrences in seeds from our field study (Shipunov et al., 2008), and new inoculation experiments to test the three hypotheses that might explain, singly or in combination, the limited infection that has been observed: the environmental limitation…
[ "background" ]
bcb4a17f084607d301b16de5082a9205268188c4>c4017ac1741dc27236817f2e0029da4e19e5c22f_0
bcb4a17f084607d301b16de5082a9205268188c4
Springer Instruments Data collection consisted of a questionnaire packet composed of three parts: demographic questions, a modified version of the Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS) (Straus, 1979), and a modified version of the Domestic Violence Self-Labeling Scale (DVSLS) (Hamby & Gray-Little, 2000).
[ "method" ]
3047a9b368adf21ad423eb37b272752b39624d0e>ade464e7149f95aa628a43ec6ca86f4ec14f0694_0
3047a9b368adf21ad423eb37b272752b39624d0e
, loss of energy, changes in appetite, tiredness), researchers recommend increasing this cut-off to 16 when measuring depressive symptoms in pregnancy (Holcomb et al. 1996; Salamero et al. 1994).
[ "method" ]
6f803e9d64e229e13391bcaeb29c088b6b3df447>59f390cb8aafb51215659d9e81fe1637f92070e1_0
6f803e9d64e229e13391bcaeb29c088b6b3df447
VASA and SCP1/SYCP1) are generally CpG-hypermethylated in normal somatic tissues; these findings indicate that DNA demethylation activates ectopic expression in tumors [36–39].
[ "background" ]
f76349ad19e0d519d70fee7fc5a7e1250c570bd5>4cd703675677ac58f5254b6d0e066defb726c7e9_0
f76349ad19e0d519d70fee7fc5a7e1250c570bd5
Data gathering tool was a checklist extracted from a study by Hasan and Abuelrub[23] which was corrected to fit the current statistical population.
[ "method" ]
efaa33b745b1420d6bf13873a4df09680c7984e0>eb08d5a6852228a7b45deb22f1bf4dde945020c6_10
efaa33b745b1420d6bf13873a4df09680c7984e0
The concentration of katanin in mitotic spindle poles (McNally and Thomas, 1998) and the specific activation of katanin’s activity in Mphase Xenopus extracts (Vale, 1991; McNally and Thomas, 1998) suggest that katanin may also sever microtubules from their centrosomal attachments during mitosis in…
[ "background" ]
57d1b3a25e00a2212dad89aa1712234d96f797c8>fc07799f1fb1db2a00f7d05d42d93e387a3a7346_0
57d1b3a25e00a2212dad89aa1712234d96f797c8
This idea is supported by reports of a1D expression in cone terminals ~Wilkinson & Barnes, 1996; Taylor & Morgans, 1998; Morgans, 1999, Morgans et al., 2001, 2005! and is consistent with the greater ERG b-wave deficit in mice lacking the VDCC b2 subunit ~Ball et al., 2002!, the only VDCC b subunit…
[ "result" ]
114de63c96176358b8cd3c99aa744c86f0eeced7>7ffdab1930ccf68c10be4cf9a9ffdb933c9dd516_7
114de63c96176358b8cd3c99aa744c86f0eeced7
The lower bound on 2 is derived in Weinstein and Weiss (1984a, 1984b) as the Ziv–Zakai lower bound ( ZZLB 2 ) and has been adapted in elastography by Varghese and Ophir (1997a) as: ZZLB 2 sT 2 6T T , BTSNRc Threshold1, BTSNRc 2 BB 2 T T , BTSNRc Threshold2, BTSNRc 2 CRLB 2 T T , BTSNRc. (3) Here, B…
[ "background" ]
91984c897f134f875ba9ffdac986a108b930be28>3bb5bde8426dd630c536d04c1ad108bf6e966450_1
91984c897f134f875ba9ffdac986a108b930be28
used in the method has been proven as a safe resource for biologic organisms [14, 15] and has been demonstrated to obtain numerous types of cell sheets successfully [13].
[ "method" ]
6bf7f0e51ee82e50cb43fb2ba7e0ec598127fb07>5711987ebca8fb774d412f6841696fd0d75e3329_0
6bf7f0e51ee82e50cb43fb2ba7e0ec598127fb07
To date, the knowledge of mito-nuclear interaction is somewhat limited, although some networks of anterograde and retrograde regulation have been described (Liu and Butow, 2006; Woodson and Chory, 2008).
[ "method" ]
365727bf4eebb774f1f0e86f420c8b6ee8caeb77>6df9cfbb8925634a398a798179aacbf70c566f1b_4
365727bf4eebb774f1f0e86f420c8b6ee8caeb77
Because of the high morbidity and mortality rates in the past, the surgical treatment of the intradural extramedullary metastasis was not recommended [3].
[ "background" ]
1acda50e5baec5e2de67b1661e9d191c097dd2dd>f3d1255d0eb5de9242cb73372a104bdb94de356a_1
1acda50e5baec5e2de67b1661e9d191c097dd2dd
Hunter take rates Hunter take (catch per effort) is a widely applied method for assessing relative abundance of wildlife, including wild swine (Boitani et al. 1994; Fernandez-Llario et al. 2003).
[ "method" ]
1a163f3fed955c901b2271839b1c0a0b3da8620b>65822d3fbd9de7514591dbb219cd71c957ca6ec5_0
1a163f3fed955c901b2271839b1c0a0b3da8620b
The measured torque (TQ) during isometric knee extension and plantar flexion were converted to muscle force (Fm) by the following equations (Kubo et al. 2007, 2009): Fm ¼ k TQ MA 1 where k is the relative contribution of the physiological cross sectional area in each of vastus lateralis muscle…
[ "method" ]
176b8c12de6c880ef4330c442e34f376d4828b86>cfe300047d7975f7cb3c642e173d9019d0353541_0
176b8c12de6c880ef4330c442e34f376d4828b86
Let us note that co-occurrence is nowadays a common method to find a relationship between biomedical concepts; co-occurrence methods are commonly used to discover new and hidden relations, following the seminal work of Swanson (see [15], [25] and the more detailed works [26–30]).
[ "method" ]
e2c9fe46a36af22797586eeb4e66af040042eafb>afa77186397669330dde254095df038fe14db3ad_0
e2c9fe46a36af22797586eeb4e66af040042eafb
, 2011 [11] Reconstruction of severe tibial shaft fractures Free vascularized fibula or osteocutaneous fibular flap Tibia 38 Good outcome with mean healing time of 21 weeks in 31 cases and of 32 weeks in 7 patients
[ "background" ]
dd8c456a60b0ae3dc19f2d1eee6fbd3c3921c400>1cc4208afda03257c461e8b767c007b5570104bd_13
dd8c456a60b0ae3dc19f2d1eee6fbd3c3921c400
For more details on EDC calculation, forwarder set selection, convergence and effects of node density, we refer the reader to the ORW paper [26].
[ "background" ]
71d0e7a76201803cf7f0b66bb220eb8a5f1515aa>9835c225c87e5a8bb5e98e497985ce9134065481_8
71d0e7a76201803cf7f0b66bb220eb8a5f1515aa
, and other skin commensals were considered contaminants when isolated from only one set of BCs [19] and in the absence of clinical and/or laboratory data suggesting their pathogenic role.
[ "background" ]
e07ad379081594a290ab03517293be3993443391>5f82308e499efebe5558237e9018c50752599fab_0
e07ad379081594a290ab03517293be3993443391
(Leibold and McPeek 2006; Lekberg et al. 2013); 3) Disturbance-adapted AMF facilitate saprotrophs to degrade soil organic matter (Cheng et al.
[ "background" ]
79412d465438a1c87517ed2f7064c2cdc8ad975d>9cb96a3f7895bb36d459acbeb65ccea3970e0634_0
79412d465438a1c87517ed2f7064c2cdc8ad975d
Some local features by combining of LBP and Gabor feature have been proposed [33–36], which can achieve better recognition performance than either feature alone.
[ "background" ]
108b6c668c3edfca14f9777aafd57d3d81f4cb5b>425838cbccdf934d592f915ef749d98726daeef1_0
108b6c668c3edfca14f9777aafd57d3d81f4cb5b
This position can be modulated by multiple factors, to include a person’s body position (upright vs supine) and mood (Tingey et al. 2001; Yilmaz et al. 2015).
[ "background" ]
f1a9ae501575363f79e555c5bf6daa3de2f093b2>1946902a6eb14c679524c70afd44665568e92c3d_0
f1a9ae501575363f79e555c5bf6daa3de2f093b2
In this respect, our results somehow disagree with the finding that Myo and Mav are not able to promote Smad2 phosphorylation in cell culture experiments (Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007).
[ "result", "supportive" ]
45edff55835cc98c06c893d5bed2a8dc2b308655>1e526b851137c3deca29c1cd0e3c852ef7744d3e_6
45edff55835cc98c06c893d5bed2a8dc2b308655
Among the six studies that reported detailed results on the timing of randomized controlled trial registration, compliance with the ICMJE policy requiring prospective trial registration was poor [16, 22, 24, 27, 32, 33].
[ "background" ]
1ed8042c32b484573035db874ee8db00b77ba326>f08f08fab4db474ed6d556b908622d95afa2704f_2
1ed8042c32b484573035db874ee8db00b77ba326
PR refers to “an individual’s perception regarding the degree to which he or she can “reach” other individuals “anytime-and-anywhere” via mobile wireless technology” (Kim and Garrison, 2009, p. 326).
[ "background" ]
ed60fe5cf0b2947f812a3d19d533d0f644b67b0d>5af4e6e8d6e7a25cb37a9d52e87a1f28b4464e04_11
ed60fe5cf0b2947f812a3d19d533d0f644b67b0d
In the task used by Hendriks et al. (2014), participants were asked to tell picturebased stories featuring two characters of the same gender to a hypothetical listener.
[ "background" ]
92fb76761e9e2aa3ea93192f1e8c7b471f800629>897e5591e660d41f9e4df8df99103d92b6fd6508_0
92fb76761e9e2aa3ea93192f1e8c7b471f800629
However, sensitivity to change with time and treatment for the total FAI and the FAI fatigue severity subscale has been demonstrated in clinical trials and observational longitudinal studies.(72,83,85)
[ "method" ]
af9908dd37a787ea9ee93bcc25e2b46783ff5bac>917c702a89ed5c8528f92bef9c6ebc7ccc38d5f5_0
af9908dd37a787ea9ee93bcc25e2b46783ff5bac
Serum separated from blood of each animal and analyzed the biochemical parameters such as, Glycosylated hemoglobin [13], Plasma insulin (Boehringer–Mannheim kit), total protein [14], SGOT [15], SGPT [15] and ALP [16].
[ "method" ]
28127e5eb5c74acb1127b6e0f6d818e24c08fa3e>059b144b85110925864929256a42f6902929867e_3
28127e5eb5c74acb1127b6e0f6d818e24c08fa3e
To determine whether the intron length or position of intronic binding sites in our CLIP tag set is specific to the species, developmental stage, and/or tissue type, we performed similar analyses on published CELF1 CLIP tags from postnatal mouse hindbrain [24].
[ "method" ]
36cbdbcfa9953f0dc751fbb4c40e9107e9018e22>3e091e519efad2d1146bab4af4f04ad3bda6f437_0
36cbdbcfa9953f0dc751fbb4c40e9107e9018e22
…cell firing rates generated by stimulation of a patch of granule cells were sufficient to smoothly alter the firing rates of the two populations of Purkinje cells to levels somewhat comparable to those observed during behavioral tasks (Frysinger et al. 1984; Lisberger and Fuchs 1978; Thach 1970).
[ "background" ]
93f26b849a2ec17805a9eca6e1271d86684475ae>cbed6293233f9eb4ac5ca8b9b427889dcdb5dd9d_1
93f26b849a2ec17805a9eca6e1271d86684475ae
In addition, and in line with the findings of Miller et al. (2012a), we could show that species life-history traits and the species pool available at the landscape highly modulate the disturbance-diversity relationship.
[ "result", "supportive" ]
8adea81be3d05538d844c582d79ca319cf5ee448>91828be2a1e5b407bfee3b3c6ed77a7a3d40a137_1
8adea81be3d05538d844c582d79ca319cf5ee448
In chronic myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma, SMOH is thought to be responsible for the maintenance of the cancer stem cell sub-population propagating the leukemia (Peacock et al., 2007; Dierks et al., 2008; Zhao et al., 2009).
[ "background" ]
9ec46e357eb712087ff67c6f2167f804afde36a6>a527497e2ae20c54ef95e4e4f033a1d2fdd7c139_0
9ec46e357eb712087ff67c6f2167f804afde36a6
OPNI was calculated from the formula (17) where OPNI is equal to 10 x Albumin (g/100 mL) + 0.
[ "method" ]
941df9dcd2d4ba6e6f641527e667a4bca4a9d23e>7449ebce258d5d0ac3e875a2fc20b7407d862f63_3
941df9dcd2d4ba6e6f641527e667a4bca4a9d23e
RIN values go from 1 to 10, where RIN 1 stands for totally degraded RNA, while 10 presents completely intact RNA N. N. Rosic (*) :O. Hoegh-Guldberg Centre for Marine Studies, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia e-mail: [email protected] (Schroeder et al. 2006).
[ "background" ]
ba67231cf2a97a5168c508f4eb5e85d5d647ac92>65e1507959b2afb1def77f805e5a6b615dddfa70_0
ba67231cf2a97a5168c508f4eb5e85d5d647ac92
…neurons at their long (>1,000 m) dendrites (Campbell et al., 2005) or at their axons in this study, interaction of GnIH-ir fibers with GnRH-I neurons is consistent with results in birds (Bentley et al., 2003; Ubuka et al., 2008a), rodents (Kriegsfeld et al., 2006), and sheep (Smith et al., 2008).
[ "result", "supportive" ]
d93426ac252abbae0ac2a8078adee38445546652>e1ed37d5e98424311bc079f56c064d8d80177292_0
d93426ac252abbae0ac2a8078adee38445546652
[35] found that survivors sometimes hid cognitive difficulties from their employer.
[ "background" ]
c530edac57ffa39997801a600c486eb231a87a6d>21b324399af869ff28634117eaaeaccfd52d371c_5
c530edac57ffa39997801a600c486eb231a87a6d
Whereas Lorden used crude upper bounds for the Type I error probability that are too conservative for practical applications, Bartroff and Lai (2008) overcome this difficulty by developing numerical methods to compute the Type I error probability and also extended the three-stage test to…
[ "method" ]