caimira/pb-queries · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 4 8	text stringlengths 36 531	answer stringlengths 1 388	category stringclasses 10 values
q6541_2	The Bernoulli one approximates the powers of x plus 1 to a linear equation using the power for the slope. The "triangle" one sets a restriction for the possible lengths of the third side of a triangle given the other two.	inequality	Science
q1860_3	This poet wrote of a man who is asked, "Why don't you speak for yourself, John?" when he delivers another man's marriage proposal in "The Courtship of Miles Standish." This poet of "The Children's Hour" also wrote of a man who saw two lamps in the belfry of the Old North Church, indicating that the British were arriving by sea.	Henry Wadsworth Longfellow	Literature
q1208_3	Martin Luther wrote that people should let these be strong, but that their trust in Christ should be stronger. They can be divided into types of commission and omission, and they can be classified as grave or (*) mortal if they have serious matter, full knowledge, and full consent. For 10 points, name these offenses against God's will, of which there are seven "deadly" ones.	sins	Religion
q2314_3	One ruler of this historical country went on a "Grand Embassy" to the west to learn shipbuilding and military training. That same ruler instituted a beard tax on boyars. Another of its rulers created a parliament called the Duma and issued the October Manifesto.	{Russian Empire} [do not accept or prompt on "Soviet Union" or "U.S.S.R."]	History
q2501_1	Three bearded boarders threaten lawsuits after being scared off by the main character of this work.	The Metamorphosis	Literature
q2673_3	At the Battle of Kirina, Sumanguru (SOO-man-GOO-roo) was defeated by the founder of this empire, Sundiata Keita. Another of this empire's rulers had the Sankore (SAN-koh-REH) mosque built in Timbuktu and caused a dramatic decrease in the price of gold by giving away vast amounts of the metal on his hajj to Mecca. For 10 points, identify this West African empire once ruled by Mansa Musa.	{Mali} Empire	History
q1931_5	The practice of kapparot associated with this holiday sees a donation to the poor, while the Tetragrammaton or Ha-Shem was pronounced by the High Priest of the Great Temple on this day. The last of the five services occurring on this day is the Neilah. People try to transfer their sins away and recite the Kol Nidre prayer before its beginning. Occurring on the 10th of Tishrei, it concludes the (*) High Holy Days. For 10 points, name this Jewish Day of Atonement.	{Yom Kippur} [or {Yom ha}-{Kipurim;} prompt on Jewish \"Day of Atonement\" before mention]	Religion
q1113_3	This character feels nauseous at the sight of blue oatmeal and befriends Yard Ape. She ends a book report with the line, "I can't believe I ate the whole thing." In one appearance, she makes a gravestone for the cat Picky-Picky and recovers Aunt Bea's wedding ring.	{Ramona Quimby} [or Ramona Quimby; prompt on Quimby]	Literature
q4248_1	This man was killed by a crossbow bolt while besieging the castle Charlus-Chabrol.	Richard I of England [or Richard the Lionhearted; or Richard Coeur de Lion; prompt on Richard]	History
q49_1	This structure was the site of the climactic scene in North by Northwest.	Mount {Rushmore}	Geography
q4148_1	One event in this country's history was a series of attacks on civilians and foreigners by the Videla Regime known as the Dirty War.	Republica {Argentina} [or {Argentine Republic}]	History
q838_1	This modern-day country gained its independence with the Tydings-McDuffie Act.	Republic of the {Philippines}	History
q2004_3	This brother of Chrysaor (“CRY-say-or”) created the Hippocrene (“HIP-oh-creen”) fountain. This figure was credited with helping a hero slay the Chimera and was tamed with a special girdle given by Athena to that hero, Bellerophon (“bell-AIR-oh-fon”), in a dream. Eventually employed as Zeus' bolt- carrier, this figure sprang from the neck of Medusa after she was decapitated by Perseus.	{Pegasus}	Mythology
q2359_3	In the Gospel of James, this Biblical figure is described as the child of Anna and Joachim. At the First Council of Ephesus, this figure was given the epithet Theotokos, or "God-Bearer." Martin Luther described this person as "the highest woman."	{Blessed Virgin Mary} [or {Mary, Mother} of {God;} or {Saint Mary;} or {Mother Mary;} or obvious equivalents to {Mary} the {mother of Jesus} before read; prompt on {Mary;} prompt on Our {Lady;} prompt on {Mother} of the {Church;} prompt on {Queen} of {Heaven;} do not accept "Mary Magdalene"]	Religion
q1159_1	The president of this nation, Kristina Fernandez de Kirchner, was diagnosed with thyroid cancer in December, 2011.	Republica Argentina [or Argentine Republic]	Trash
q2929_1	In this painting, the colonial print and flowers on the woman's dress symbolize domestic care and the traditional role of women in society.	American Gothic	Fine Arts
q2246_4	This process's namesake constant is used in Fick's Law and an explanation of Brownian motion. This process is used during respiration to get oxygen into blood, and it then replaces that oxygen with carbon dioxide. It is synonymous with heat conduction, and this process in water is called osmosis. For 10 points, name this process in which the random motion of particles causes them to spread to areas of lower concentration.	diffusion	Science
q202_1	National parks in this state preserve the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, the Kenai Fjords, and Mount St. Elias.	Alaska	Geography
q2505_2	This quantity can be measured by a psychrometer (sye-KRAH-meht-er) or a hygrometer. It can be computed as a ratio using either mixing ratio or partial pressure of water.	{relative humidity} [or {RH}]	Science
q1867_4	This author represented three branches of Christianity as Peter, Martin, and Jack in A Tale of a Tub. One satire by this man facetiously calls for serving Irish babies as food and is called A Modest Proposal. His most famous work depicts the travels of the title captain to various fantastical lands, including Glubbdubdrib. For 10 points, name this Irish author of Gulliver's Travels.	Jonathan Swift	Literature
q3154_3	The would-be assassin of this person clashed with his attorney, Judy Clarke, when told his target survived. She received a standing ovation from Congress when she appeared to cast a vote in August 2011. Less than 7 months earlier, she was fighting for her life, after being shot in the head by Jared Loughner in a Safeway parking lot.	Gabrielle "Gabby" Giffords	Trash
q374_2	Some of this empire's ruins were found in 1911 by Hiram Bingham. One ruler of this empire fought a civil war with his half-brother Huascar (whas-car).	{Inca} Empire [or {Tawantinsuyu}]	History
q119_2	One of these landforms "of Tehuantepec" (teh-WAHN-teh-pek) is found in the Mexican states of Oaxaca (wah-HAH-kah) and Veracruz. One "of Kra" connects the Malay Peninsula to the rest of Asia.	{isthmus} [accept isthmi]	Geography
q2876_3	This leader constructed a causeway in order to break the Siege of Tyre. He first gained fame for breaking through Theban lines at the Battle of Chaeronea (KAI-rone-EE-ah). This owner of Bucephalus (boo-SEF-AH-lus) ensured the fall of his main enemy at the battles of Issus and Gaugamela (GOW-gah- MELL-ah).	{Alexander the Great} [or {Alexander III} of {Macedon/Macedonia;} prompt on {Alexander}]	History
q4843_2	In this scientist's book Opticks, he discussed his experiments with the dispersion of light, including breaking white light into its constituent colors using a prism. One law named for him describes "universal (*) gravitation"; another states that the net force on an object is its mass times its acceleration, while a third states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.	Isaac Newton	Science
q1851_3	Tritium [TRIH-tee-um] and deuterium [doo-TEER-ee-um] are examples of these for hydrogen. Radioactive examples like carbon (*)-14 and uranium 239 are used for finding out how old some objects are and in nuclear reactors, respectively. For 10 points, name these forms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons.	isotopes	Science
q936_3	Neoptolemus killed King Priam in the final stages of this event, after which Aeneas fled with his son. This event began after the Judgement of Paris and (*) Helen's abduction from King Menelaus of Sparta. After nine years, it finally ended after Greek soldiers got past enemy gates while hiding in a giant wooden horse.	{Trojan War}	Mythology
q223_2	Calderas are formed from the collapse of these objects, which can be divided into composite, shield, and cinder cone types. The Hawaiian Islands were formed from these landforms, which are most commonly found in the Ring of Fire.	volcanoes	Science
q5031_3	RAID arrays are combinations of these objects that often connect via IDE or Serial ATA. They are sometimes replaced by SSDs and can be structured using NTFS or FAT. These objects contain spinning platters that use magnetism to (*) store data, so the data is retained even when they are powered off.	{hard} disk {drives} [prompt on ({hard}) {\"disk}(s)\"]	Science
q1934_3	This dynasty established the House of Wisdom, or Bayt al-Hikma (BITE all HEEK-mah), at which algebra was invented. Under al-Mu'tasim (al MOO-tah-SEEM), this dynasty established an army of military slaves known as Mamluks (MAMM-lukes). The last member of this dynasty was rolled up in a carpet and trampled to death after the sack of Baghdad in 1258.	Abbasid Caliphate [or Abbasids]	History
q5043_3	In one opera by this man, the soldiers Ferrando and Guglielmo (“gool-YELL-mo”) test their wives by seducing them in the guise of Albanians. This man also wrote an opera in which the title seducer is dragged to hell by the statue of Il Commendatore (“EEL co-MEN-dah-TORR-ee”). For 10 points, name this Austrian composer of the operas Cosi Fan Tutte (“CO-see fan TOO-tee”) and Don Giovanni as well as A Little Night Music, who allegedly feuded with Salieri.	Wolfgang Amadeus {Mozart}	Fine Arts
q4148_3	One event in this country's history was a series of attacks on civilians and foreigners by the Videla Regime known as the Dirty War. Mossad carried out an operation to capture Adolf Eichmann (ike-MON) in this country. This country fought a war against Great Britain for control of the Falkland Islands.	Republica {Argentina} [or {Argentine Republic}]	History
q3154_1	The would-be assassin of this person clashed with his attorney, Judy Clarke, when told his target survived.	Gabrielle "Gabby" Giffords	Trash
q134_4	Venus' hairstone consists of this mineral with rutile (“ROO-tile”) interspersed within. Citrine (“SIT- reen”) is formed through heating the "smoky" form of this mineral, whose rarer forms consist of a "rose" form as well as amethyst. Sandstone is primarily composed of this mineral. Silicon dioxide is the primary composition of, for 10 points, what mineral, number 8 on the Mohs scale, which is used in glass and sandpaper?	{quartz}	Science
q4853_1	“Wedge” and “rope” are informal terms used to denote large and small forms of these phenomena.	{tornadoes} [or {twisters}; prompt on {cyclones}]	Science
q794_3	One story in this book involves a man who marries a daughter of Jethro; that man's mother is Jochebed (JOE-keh-bed) and his sister is Miriam. This book begins with the death of Joseph and sees a ruler declare that all newborn Jewish babies must be drowned in the Nile. In this book, Aaron and Moses ask the pharaoh to "let my people go."	Book of {Exodus} [accept {Shemot} and {Names}]	Religion
q2603_3	In this work, Quimbo and Sambo violently beat the protagonist and Eliza escapes over the Ohio River with her baby. This work's title character meets Augustine after he saves little Eva St. Clare from drowning. He is sold to Master Haley and to (*) Simon Legree.	{Uncle Tom\'s Cabin;} or, {Life among} the {Lowly}	Trash
q1081_3	Its mascot is named Mandeville, and it will begin with a show titled "Isles of Wonder," to be directed by Danny Boyle. Some of the venues to be used for it include Lord's Cricket Ground, Dorney Lake, Old Trafford, and Wembley Stadium. The Royal Mail will issue commemorative stamps for any British athlete who wins a gold medal at, for 10 points, what quadrennial athletic event, which begins July 27 in London, England?	2012 Summer {Olympics} [accept {London Olympics} before "London" is read; prompt on Olympics]	Trash
q2505_3	This quantity can be measured by a psychrometer (sye-KRAH-meht-er) or a hygrometer. It can be computed as a ratio using either mixing ratio or partial pressure of water. At its maximum, the amounts of water evaporating and condensing are in equilibrium.	{relative humidity} [or {RH}]	Science
q293_1	The island of Bornholm is in this body of water, which is connected by the Kiel (“KEEL”) Canal to the North Sea.	{Baltic} Sea	Geography
q3116_1	In this work, a floating female carries a flame lit lamp and a soldier is clutching a broken sword from where a flower is growing.	Guernica	Fine Arts
q1592_3	This frequent collaborator of Dave McKean won both the Carnegie and Newbery Medals for a book about a crypt full of Sleer being explored by Nobody Owens. In another book, he wrote about the retired actresses Miss Forcible and Miss Spink; Mr. Bobo, the owner of a disappointing mouse circus; and a girl's "other mother" who has black buttons for eyes. For 10 points, name this author of The Graveyard Book and Coraline.	Neil {Gaiman}	Literature
q2579_2	One of these objects is named after Cocos Island and is next to one named after a region of Peru, Nazca. The spaces between them are usually classified as divergent or convergent transform faults.	{tectonic plates} [accept anything reasonable containing the word tectonic]	Science
q1712_2	In 2012 this team's third-string quarterback, Greg McElroy, claimed that its locker room was "not a fun place to be." Team captain Santonio Holmes was benched during its Week 17 loss to the Dolphins.	New York Jets [prompt on New York]	Trash
q1730_3	This company's chief operating officer, who addressed issues facing working women in her book Lean In, is Sheryl Sandberg. While some people blamed its loss in value last year on Morgan Stanley, others blamed its CFO David Ebersman, who offered a lot of (*) shares at a high price during its May 2012 initial public offering. For 10 points, identify this social media company, founded by Mark Zuckerberg, where users can share status updates with friends.	Facebook	Trash
q1534_5	Among those killed in this work is Giles Corey. Reverend Hale arrives to examine the unconscious Betty. This play sees Rebecca Nurse accused of killing seven of Goody Putnam's children, while Reverend Parris worries that his niece Abigail Williams will ruin his name. In the end, John Proctor refuses to make a false confession and is executed. For 10 points, name this play by Arthur Miller about the Salem witch trials.	The Crucible	Literature
q2045_2	Factors of 1 plus this value all to the nth power appear in both the numerator and denominator of the amortization formula. Dividing a final value by the nth power of one plus this quantity yields present value.	{interest} rate [accept {simple interest} rate or {compound interest} rate]	Science
q2481_2	Darwin predicted the existence of a Madagascar moth after observing one of these structures, which have separate male/female types in dioecious [dy-oh-EE-shus] species. The parts of this occur in multiples of three in monocots and many use (*) nectar to attract pollinators.	{flower} [do not prompt on \"plant\"]	Science
q199_1	The Atbarah (“ott-BAR-uh”) is an arm of this river that starts at Lake Tana (“TAWN-uh”).	{Nile} River	Geography
q5011_3	Some species in this group of animals have heat-sensitive pits in their heads, and most have only one working lung. The invasive brown tree type has caused many bird extinctions on Guam, and they use their tongues to gather scent molecules. Some kill prey by (*) constriction or use fangs to inject venom, and the largest ever to exist was the titanoboa.	snakes [or serpents; accept vipers before \"brown tree\"]	Science
q80_2	One piece of evidence that supports its existence is that the Caledonian mountains of Northern Europe are a continuation of the Appalachian Mountains. This entity broke up into Laurasia and Gondwanaland (“gon-DWON-uh-land”).	Pangaea	Science
q167_2	This island was home to the settlement of Brattahlid beginning in the 10th century. In 2005, an island now called "Warming Island" was found off the coast of this island.	Greenland [or Kalaallit Nunaat]	Geography
q903_2	In this war, naval forces under John Jellicoe (JELL-ih-koe) engaged forces under Reinhard Scheer (RINE-hard SHEER) during the Battle of Jutland. In another battle, Phillipe Petain (fill-EEP peh-TAN) stopped German forces at the namesake fortress in the Battle of Verdun.	{World War I} [or {First} World War; accept {Great War} before mentioned; prompt on World War]	Trash
q1371_3	Rheumatic fever can damage the mitral region of this organ, which uses Purkinje fibers to coordinate activity with the SA node. A murmur results from valves leaking in this organ that is served by the (*) coronary arteries and surrounded by the pericardium. This organ directly connects to the aorta and has two atria and two ventricles.	heart	Science
q112_1	In this novel, Charlotte Lucas marries William Collins.	{Pride} and {Prejudice}	Literature
q1193_4	William Hale Thompson was mayor of this city where the death of Mathias J. Degan led to the execution of August Spies. In addition to that event near the McCormick factory, an event in this city saw Pigasus the Pig nominated for President by people like Jerry Rubin and Abbie Hoffman. This city was the site of the Haymarket Square Riot and the 1968 Democratic National Convention. (*) For 10 points, name this Illinois city governed by two mayors named Daley and currently by Rahm Emanuel.	Chicago, Illinois	History
q476_4	These animals can be harmed by the spread of Varroa mites, and their best known species is mellifera. A combination of the Nosema ceranae fungus and IIV6 virus may be responsible for their recent population decreases, called colony collapse disorder. Belonging to the genus (*) Apis, colonies of them have female workers, male drones, and queens. For 10 points, name these insects related to wasps that pollinate flowers and live in hives.	honey {bees} [accept {\"Apis\"} before it is mentioned; do not accept \"wasp(s)\" or \"hornet(s)\"]	Science
q358_4	This goddess may have conceived children by eating lettuce. This "cow-eyed" goddess had a wagon pulled by peacocks. She sent a gadfly to sting a cow who had escaped from the hundred-eyed monster Argus. That cow, Io, was one of the women seduced by her philandering husband.	Hera	Mythology
q250_4	This work begins with a word that means "what" and calls for attention. Its three battle scenes, including one against a dragon, are each followed by a funeral scene. While fighting without a weapon, the title character of this work tears an arm from an opponent in the dining hall Heorot (HAY-or-oht), which was built by the Danish king Hrothgar (ROTH-gar). For 10 points, name this Old English epic poem about a Geat (gate) warrior who defeats Grendel.	Beowulf	Literature
q1605_2	In one work, this character is almost forced to marry Marcellina until it is revealed she is his long-lost mother. In another work, he advises a former employer to dress as a drunken soldier to get into Rosina's house.	{Figaro} [prompt on The Barber of Seville before mentioned; accept The Marriage of Figaro until "employer"]	Fine Arts
q1168_2	Samuel Chase was the only impeached member of this group, which is vested with power by Article III of the U.S. Constitution. Harriet Miers and Robert Bork were unsuccessful nominees to join this group, which Franklin Roosevelt proposed increasing to a size of 15.	United States Supreme Court [accept SCOTUS (Supreme Court of the United States); prompt on \"Court\"]	History
q4770_2	The earliest example of this form of music, created by Jacopo Peri (“perry”), described the love between Apollo and Daphne by combining Greek-style tragedy and musical accompaniment. More recent stars in this discipline include Placido Domingo and Luciano Pavarotti.	opera	Fine Arts
q1977_1	This author of After the Fall and All My Sons wrote in another play about Willy Loman committing suicide to give insurance money to his family.	Arthur Asher {Miller}	Literature
q1752_2	These objects explained the Vine-Matthews hypothesis about the reversal of the Earth's magnetic field. Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries between these objects.	{tectonic plates} [or {plate tectonics}]	Science
q60_1	This country was officially recognized in the Lateran Treaties of 1929.	State of the {Vatican City} [accept {Holy See;} accept {Santa Sede;} accept {Stato della Citta} del {Vaticano}]	Geography
q104_1	In this work, potted plants are visible above the left shoulder of one of the central figures, and part of a red barn can be seen on the right.	American Gothic	Fine Arts
q194_1	After this god's son brought Hippolytus back to life, Asclepius was killed by Zeus.	Apollo	Mythology
q1794_2	The only people allowed to touch this object are members of its awarding organization's executive committee, current heads of state and previous winners of it. The current version of it was first awarded in 1974 after its predecessor, the Jules Rimet Trophy, was permanently given in 1970 to the first team to win it three times, (*) Brazil.	{FIFA World Cup} [do not accept \"Jules Rimet Trophy\"]	Trash
q3127_2	The density of this quantity is equal to electrical field times conductivity. The integral of the magnetic field is proportional to this quantity by Ampere's Law.	{current} [or {I}]	Science
q1846_4	This term denotes any algebraic expression written as the quotient of two polynomials. If the discriminant of a quadratic equation is a perfect square, then both roots of that equation are of this type. All numbers denoted by this term are algebraic. For 10 points, give this term that denotes any number that can be written as a over b, where a and b are integers.	rational	Science
q1808_2	This structure experiences only compression, with no shear, and is therefore an inverted catenary curve. It is made from a series of tapering equilateral triangles, and visitors can ride a sloping tram system to its top.	The {Gateway Arch} [prompt on {St. Louis Arch} or equivalents before “St. Louis”]	Fine Arts
q3403_3	The carrack Mary Rose sank during the reign of this ruler, who ordered Thomas Cromwell to dissolve the monasteries. Thomas Cranmer was Archbishop of Canterbury under this ruler, who became the supreme head of the Protestant Church of England. After his marriage to a Spanish princess ended, he married Anne Boleyn, but had Anne beheaded in 1536.	{Henry VIII} [prompt on Henry or {Henry} Tudor]	History
q1629_3	One work by this author, about a man who injures himself while hanging curtains, is The Death of Ivan Ilyich. One of his novels has a relationship between Levin and Kitty, while the title character has an affair with Count Vronsky and eventually commits suicide by jumping in front of a (*) train. For 10 points, name this author who wrote about the French invasion of Russia in War and Peace in addition to writing Anna Karenina.	Leo {Tolstoy} [or {Lev} ({Nikolayvich}) {Tolstoy}]	Literature
q1814_2	This man was the first to state that the color of light was determined by light's interaction with other objects. This man was the first to coin the term "Action at a Distance."	Isaac Newton	Science
q4126_3	After having much of his legislation overturned by the Supreme Court, this leader proposed his court packing plan. The Tennessee Valley Authority was one piece of New Deal legislation that was not overturned by the Court. Although he led his country for most of World War II, he did not make the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan.	{Franklin} Delano {Roosevelt} [accept {FDR}; prompt on {Roosevelt}]	History
q898_4	One variant of this organelle (“OR-guh-NELL”) is found in muscle cells and stores calcium. Like the Golgi body, it is composed of flattened sacks called cisternae (“SIS-ter-nay”). This set of tubes contains chaperone proteins, which help fold proteins. Those proteins are synthesized in the ribosomes, which are attached to one form of this organelle.	{endoplasmic reticulum} [or {ER} ; accept {sarcoplasmic reticulum} or {SR}]	Science
q2122_3	The wife of one character in this novel is named Teresa Cascajo (“cas-CAH-ho”). That character's donkey is named Dapple and accompanies Rocinante (“ro-sin-AHN-tay”), the nag of this novel's protagonist. A long-legged paunchy rustic named Sancho Panza is the squire of the title character.	{Don Quixote} de la Mancha	Literature
q358_1	This goddess may have conceived children by eating lettuce.	Hera	Mythology
q1102_2	When this athlete was the 2004 NBA Rookie of the Year, he became the youngest person ever to win that award. This player was criticized for 3-for-14 shooting in a Game 5 loss to the Boston Celtics in the 2010 playoffs and the owner of his former team, Dan Gilbert, published a letter after this player left in free agency.	LeBron Raymone {James}	Trash
q2222_5	An early invention used to make art works in this medium was the daguerreotype [duh-gayr-"row"-"type"]. Eadweard ["edward"] Muybridge created works in this medium which clarified the method by which horses gallop. The Steerage and Migrant Mother are specific examples of these types of art works. Works in this medium showing Yosemite National Park were created by (*) Ansel Adams. For 10 points, name these objects which can be instantly produced by Polaroids.	photographs [accept word forms; prompt on \"pictures\"]	Fine Arts
q49_2	This structure was the site of the climactic scene in North by Northwest. A similar structure in Georgia was halted before Stone Mountain was completed.	Mount {Rushmore}	Geography
q113_3	Artists primarily known for work in this movement include Max Ernst and Yves Tanguy. One work of this movement, The Treachery of Images, depicts a pipe and the French words for "this is not a pipe." Another of its works depicts melting watches and is titled The Persistence of Memory.	surrealism	Fine Arts
q2206_3	The title figure looks "a little like a military man" in this group's song about a meter maid, "Lovely Rita." Peter Frampton starred in a movie based on this group's album Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. They recorded the album Abbey Road shortly before breaking up in 1970.	The {Beatles} [accept {Lovely Rita} before "{this group}"]	Trash
q1268_1	This holiday commemorates the result of a trial before the Sanhedrin (san-HEE-drin), which was led by Caiaphas (KYE-uh-fuss).	{Good Friday} [or {Great Friday;} or {Holy Friday}]	Religion
q179_1	This city's northeast is home to Mount Scopus (“SCOPE-us”), often used as a point of attack by forces attempting to invade it.	Jerusalem	Geography
q146_3	The Neptunbrunnen is a fountain in this city, and its Museum Island is a World Heritage Site. The Charlottenburg Palace can be found in it, and Karl-Marx-Allee is a major boulevard. The Reichstag and the Brandenburg Gate are landmarks in this city that was divided by a wall until 1989.	Berlin, Germany	Geography
q3618_3	The protagonists of this song's music video throw magazines, clothes and an empty fishbowl out an open window. This song notes that "maybe I was stupid for telling you goodbye" regarding a boy who the singer supposes is sorry because "you're (*) standing at my door." This song's chorus notes that "you've got a piece of me and honestly" before expressing the title sentiment.	\"My Life Would Suck Without You\"	Trash
q442_1	It was the subject of a Scientific American special report dealing with Modified Newtonian Dynamics by Mordechai Milgrom (“MOR-de-kye MILL-grum”).	{dark matter} [accept {dark} matter after “{matter}” is read]	Science
q2778_2	One movement with this name involved painters like Aaron Douglas and Jacob Lawrence, who were influenced by African folk art. In addition to that "Harlem" movement, another period by this name flourished in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and was based on humanism and classical influences.	{Renaissance} [accept "Harlem {Renaissance"} until "Harlem"; accept variants such as "Early {Renaissance"} or "High {Renaissance"}]	Fine Arts
q578_2	This figure once tried to destroy mankind by tearing out an eye, which turned into Hathor. At night, he brings light to the darkness of the underworld.	{Ra} [accept Amon-{Ra} or {Re} or Amon-{Re;} do not accept {“Amon”} by itself]	Fine Arts
q1561_4	Otus and Ephialtes (“eff-ee-ALL-tees”) tried to capture this goddess, but ended up slaying each other after she transformed into a deer. She slew the daughters of Niobe (“ny-OH-bee”) in response to a slight against her mother. Actaeon (“ack-TAY-on”) caught a glimpse of this deity bathing, for which he was turned into a stag and mauled by his own dogs. For 10 points, name this twin of Apollo, the Greek goddess of the hunt.	{Artemis}	Mythology
q1672_1	In one part of this work, Madame de Villefort (veel-FOR) goes on a poisoning spree for her son's inheritance, and the title character saves Valentine by building her resistance.	The Count of Monte Cristo [or Le Comte de Monte-Cristo]	Literature
q350_1	This work was based on a real life location in Greenwich Village.	Nighthawks	Fine Arts
q7838_3	Arias by this composer include Va, penseiro (VAH PENN-see-AIR-oh) and La donna e mobile (MOHbee-LAY), This composer of an opera about the Duke of Mantua's court jester included a "Drinking Song" in an opera about Violetta Valéry (VAL-ay-ree), La Traviata. He also depicted Radames's (RAHdah-meez's) dilemma in choosing between the titular Ethiopian slave girl and his loyalty to Egypt. For 10 points, name this composer of Rigoletto and Aida ("eye"-EE-duh).	Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi	Fine Arts
q1410_1	This conflict saw a battle for Kunduz (“CUN-dooz”), which saw cooperation between U.S. and German forces.	War in {Afghanistan} [accept {War} against the {Taliban} before mentioned; accept other obvious	History
q805_5	This element combines with nitrogen to form cyanides, and it combines with iron to make steel. Sixty atoms of this make a molecule of buckminsterfullerene (BUCK-min-ster-FULL-er-een), and another allotrope, mistakenly referred to as lead and used in pencils, is graphite. It exists in all organic molecules. A molecule made of this element and two oxygen atoms is used by plants in photosynthesis. For 10 points, name this element whose atomic symbol is C.	carbon [accept C until mentioned]	Science
q13259_3	This franchise's 1934 World Series-winning team was known as the "Gas House Gang." It won the 1944 World Series over the Browns, with whom it used to share Sportsman's Park. Its 1968 championship team featured Lou Brock and Bob Gibson.	St. Louis Cardinals [or St. Louis Cardinals]	Trash
q101_2	The D double prime layer lies in the lowest part of this region. The upper part of this region mainly consists of magnesium-iron silicates such as pyroxene (“pie-ROX-een”) and olivine (“olive een”).	{mantle}	Science
q5215_1	These phenomena are counted using the Wolf number, and butterfly diagrams show the concentration of these regions in latitude bands.	{sunspots}	Science
q325_4	Parts of this continent named for 19th century sailors include Palmer Land and Wilkes Land. Vostok(VAH-stock) is a Russian station on this continent, parts of which are claimed by Norway, Argentina, and New Zealand. British naval officer Robert Scott died on this continent, which was more successfully explored by Roald Amundsen (AH-mund-son) using sled dogs. For 10 points, name this coldest continent, the site of penguin colonies and the South Pole.	Antarctica	Geography

q6541_2

The Bernoulli one approximates the powers of x plus 1 to a linear equation using the power for the slope. The "triangle" one sets a restriction for the possible lengths of the third side of a triangle given the other two.

inequality

Science

q1860_3

This poet wrote of a man who is asked, "Why don't you speak for yourself, John?" when he delivers another man's marriage proposal in "The Courtship of Miles Standish." This poet of "The Children's Hour" also wrote of a man who saw two lamps in the belfry of the Old North Church, indicating that the British were arriving by sea.

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Literature

q1208_3

Martin Luther wrote that people should let these be strong, but that their trust in Christ should be stronger. They can be divided into types of commission and omission, and they can be classified as grave or (*) mortal if they have serious matter, full knowledge, and full consent. For 10 points, name these offenses against God's will, of which there are seven "deadly" ones.

sins

Religion

q2314_3

One ruler of this historical country went on a "Grand Embassy" to the west to learn shipbuilding and military training. That same ruler instituted a beard tax on boyars. Another of its rulers created a parliament called the Duma and issued the October Manifesto.

{Russian Empire} [do not accept or prompt on "Soviet Union" or "U.S.S.R."]

History

q2501_1

Three bearded boarders threaten lawsuits after being scared off by the main character of this work.

The Metamorphosis

Literature

q2673_3

At the Battle of Kirina, Sumanguru (SOO-man-GOO-roo) was defeated by the founder of this empire, Sundiata Keita. Another of this empire's rulers had the Sankore (SAN-koh-REH) mosque built in Timbuktu and caused a dramatic decrease in the price of gold by giving away vast amounts of the metal on his hajj to Mecca. For 10 points, identify this West African empire once ruled by Mansa Musa.

{Mali} Empire

History

q1931_5

The practice of kapparot associated with this holiday sees a donation to the poor, while the Tetragrammaton or Ha-Shem was pronounced by the High Priest of the Great Temple on this day. The last of the five services occurring on this day is the Neilah. People try to transfer their sins away and recite the Kol Nidre prayer before its beginning. Occurring on the 10th of Tishrei, it concludes the (*) High Holy Days. For 10 points, name this Jewish Day of Atonement.

{Yom Kippur} [or {Yom ha}-{Kipurim;} prompt on Jewish \"Day of Atonement\" before mention]

Religion

q1113_3

This character feels nauseous at the sight of blue oatmeal and befriends Yard Ape. She ends a book report with the line, "I can't believe I ate the whole thing." In one appearance, she makes a gravestone for the cat Picky-Picky and recovers Aunt Bea's wedding ring.

{Ramona Quimby} [or Ramona Quimby; prompt on Quimby]

Literature

q4248_1

This man was killed by a crossbow bolt while besieging the castle Charlus-Chabrol.

Richard I of England [or Richard the Lionhearted; or Richard Coeur de Lion; prompt on Richard]

History

q49_1

This structure was the site of the climactic scene in North by Northwest.

Mount {Rushmore}

Geography

q4148_1

One event in this country's history was a series of attacks on civilians and foreigners by the Videla Regime known as the Dirty War.

Republica {Argentina} [or {Argentine Republic}]

History

q838_1

This modern-day country gained its independence with the Tydings-McDuffie Act.

Republic of the {Philippines}

History

q2004_3

This brother of Chrysaor (“CRY-say-or”) created the Hippocrene (“HIP-oh-creen”) fountain. This figure was credited with helping a hero slay the Chimera and was tamed with a special girdle given by Athena to that hero, Bellerophon (“bell-AIR-oh-fon”), in a dream. Eventually employed as Zeus' bolt- carrier, this figure sprang from the neck of Medusa after she was decapitated by Perseus.

{Pegasus}

Mythology

q2359_3

In the Gospel of James, this Biblical figure is described as the child of Anna and Joachim. At the First Council of Ephesus, this figure was given the epithet Theotokos, or "God-Bearer." Martin Luther described this person as "the highest woman."

{Blessed Virgin Mary} [or {Mary, Mother} of {God;} or {Saint Mary;} or {Mother Mary;} or obvious equivalents to {Mary} the {mother of Jesus} before read; prompt on {Mary;} prompt on Our {Lady;} prompt on {Mother} of the {Church;} prompt on {Queen} of {Heaven;} do not accept "Mary Magdalene"]

Religion

q1159_1

The president of this nation, Kristina Fernandez de Kirchner, was diagnosed with thyroid cancer in December, 2011.

Republica Argentina [or Argentine Republic]

Trash

q2929_1

In this painting, the colonial print and flowers on the woman's dress symbolize domestic care and the traditional role of women in society.

American Gothic

Fine Arts

q2246_4

This process's namesake constant is used in Fick's Law and an explanation of Brownian motion. This process is used during respiration to get oxygen into blood, and it then replaces that oxygen with carbon dioxide. It is synonymous with heat conduction, and this process in water is called osmosis. For 10 points, name this process in which the random motion of particles causes them to spread to areas of lower concentration.

diffusion

Science

q202_1

National parks in this state preserve the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, the Kenai Fjords, and Mount St. Elias.

Alaska

Geography

q2505_2

This quantity can be measured by a psychrometer (sye-KRAH-meht-er) or a hygrometer. It can be computed as a ratio using either mixing ratio or partial pressure of water.

{relative humidity} [or {RH}]

Science

q1867_4

This author represented three branches of Christianity as Peter, Martin, and Jack in A Tale of a Tub. One satire by this man facetiously calls for serving Irish babies as food and is called A Modest Proposal. His most famous work depicts the travels of the title captain to various fantastical lands, including Glubbdubdrib. For 10 points, name this Irish author of Gulliver's Travels.

Jonathan Swift

Literature

q3154_3

The would-be assassin of this person clashed with his attorney, Judy Clarke, when told his target survived. She received a standing ovation from Congress when she appeared to cast a vote in August 2011. Less than 7 months earlier, she was fighting for her life, after being shot in the head by Jared Loughner in a Safeway parking lot.

Gabrielle "Gabby" Giffords

Trash

q374_2

Some of this empire's ruins were found in 1911 by Hiram Bingham. One ruler of this empire fought a civil war with his half-brother Huascar (whas-car).

{Inca} Empire [or {Tawantinsuyu}]

History

q119_2

One of these landforms "of Tehuantepec" (teh-WAHN-teh-pek) is found in the Mexican states of Oaxaca (wah-HAH-kah) and Veracruz. One "of Kra" connects the Malay Peninsula to the rest of Asia.

{isthmus} [accept isthmi]

Geography

q2876_3

This leader constructed a causeway in order to break the Siege of Tyre. He first gained fame for breaking through Theban lines at the Battle of Chaeronea (KAI-rone-EE-ah). This owner of Bucephalus (boo-SEF-AH-lus) ensured the fall of his main enemy at the battles of Issus and Gaugamela (GOW-gah- MELL-ah).

{Alexander the Great} [or {Alexander III} of {Macedon/Macedonia;} prompt on {Alexander}]

History

q4843_2

In this scientist's book Opticks, he discussed his experiments with the dispersion of light, including breaking white light into its constituent colors using a prism. One law named for him describes "universal (*) gravitation"; another states that the net force on an object is its mass times its acceleration, while a third states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Isaac Newton

Science

q1851_3

Tritium [TRIH-tee-um] and deuterium [doo-TEER-ee-um] are examples of these for hydrogen. Radioactive examples like carbon (*)-14 and uranium 239 are used for finding out how old some objects are and in nuclear reactors, respectively. For 10 points, name these forms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons.

isotopes

Science

q936_3

Neoptolemus killed King Priam in the final stages of this event, after which Aeneas fled with his son. This event began after the Judgement of Paris and (*) Helen's abduction from King Menelaus of Sparta. After nine years, it finally ended after Greek soldiers got past enemy gates while hiding in a giant wooden horse.

{Trojan War}

Mythology

q223_2

Calderas are formed from the collapse of these objects, which can be divided into composite, shield, and cinder cone types. The Hawaiian Islands were formed from these landforms, which are most commonly found in the Ring of Fire.

volcanoes

Science

q5031_3

RAID arrays are combinations of these objects that often connect via IDE or Serial ATA. They are sometimes replaced by SSDs and can be structured using NTFS or FAT. These objects contain spinning platters that use magnetism to (*) store data, so the data is retained even when they are powered off.

{hard} disk {drives} [prompt on ({hard}) {\"disk}(s)\"]

Science

q1934_3

This dynasty established the House of Wisdom, or Bayt al-Hikma (BITE all HEEK-mah), at which algebra was invented. Under al-Mu'tasim (al MOO-tah-SEEM), this dynasty established an army of military slaves known as Mamluks (MAMM-lukes). The last member of this dynasty was rolled up in a carpet and trampled to death after the sack of Baghdad in 1258.

Abbasid Caliphate [or Abbasids]

History

q5043_3

In one opera by this man, the soldiers Ferrando and Guglielmo (“gool-YELL-mo”) test their wives by seducing them in the guise of Albanians. This man also wrote an opera in which the title seducer is dragged to hell by the statue of Il Commendatore (“EEL co-MEN-dah-TORR-ee”). For 10 points, name this Austrian composer of the operas Cosi Fan Tutte (“CO-see fan TOO-tee”) and Don Giovanni as well as A Little Night Music, who allegedly feuded with Salieri.

Wolfgang Amadeus {Mozart}

Fine Arts

q4148_3

One event in this country's history was a series of attacks on civilians and foreigners by the Videla Regime known as the Dirty War. Mossad carried out an operation to capture Adolf Eichmann (ike-MON) in this country. This country fought a war against Great Britain for control of the Falkland Islands.

Republica {Argentina} [or {Argentine Republic}]

History

q3154_1

The would-be assassin of this person clashed with his attorney, Judy Clarke, when told his target survived.

Gabrielle "Gabby" Giffords

Trash

q134_4

Venus' hairstone consists of this mineral with rutile (“ROO-tile”) interspersed within. Citrine (“SIT- reen”) is formed through heating the "smoky" form of this mineral, whose rarer forms consist of a "rose" form as well as amethyst. Sandstone is primarily composed of this mineral. Silicon dioxide is the primary composition of, for 10 points, what mineral, number 8 on the Mohs scale, which is used in glass and sandpaper?

{quartz}

Science

q4853_1

“Wedge” and “rope” are informal terms used to denote large and small forms of these phenomena.

{tornadoes} [or {twisters}; prompt on {cyclones}]

Science

q794_3

One story in this book involves a man who marries a daughter of Jethro; that man's mother is Jochebed (JOE-keh-bed) and his sister is Miriam. This book begins with the death of Joseph and sees a ruler declare that all newborn Jewish babies must be drowned in the Nile. In this book, Aaron and Moses ask the pharaoh to "let my people go."

Book of {Exodus} [accept {Shemot} and {Names}]

Religion

q2603_3

In this work, Quimbo and Sambo violently beat the protagonist and Eliza escapes over the Ohio River with her baby. This work's title character meets Augustine after he saves little Eva St. Clare from drowning. He is sold to Master Haley and to (*) Simon Legree.

{Uncle Tom\'s Cabin;} or, {Life among} the {Lowly}

Trash

q1081_3

Its mascot is named Mandeville, and it will begin with a show titled "Isles of Wonder," to be directed by Danny Boyle. Some of the venues to be used for it include Lord's Cricket Ground, Dorney Lake, Old Trafford, and Wembley Stadium. The Royal Mail will issue commemorative stamps for any British athlete who wins a gold medal at, for 10 points, what quadrennial athletic event, which begins July 27 in London, England?

2012 Summer {Olympics} [accept {London Olympics} before "London" is read; prompt on Olympics]

Trash

q2505_3

This quantity can be measured by a psychrometer (sye-KRAH-meht-er) or a hygrometer. It can be computed as a ratio using either mixing ratio or partial pressure of water. At its maximum, the amounts of water evaporating and condensing are in equilibrium.

{relative humidity} [or {RH}]

Science

q293_1

The island of Bornholm is in this body of water, which is connected by the Kiel (“KEEL”) Canal to the North Sea.

{Baltic} Sea

Geography

q3116_1

In this work, a floating female carries a flame lit lamp and a soldier is clutching a broken sword from where a flower is growing.

Guernica

Fine Arts

q1592_3

This frequent collaborator of Dave McKean won both the Carnegie and Newbery Medals for a book about a crypt full of Sleer being explored by Nobody Owens. In another book, he wrote about the retired actresses Miss Forcible and Miss Spink; Mr. Bobo, the owner of a disappointing mouse circus; and a girl's "other mother" who has black buttons for eyes. For 10 points, name this author of The Graveyard Book and Coraline.

Neil {Gaiman}

Literature

q2579_2

One of these objects is named after Cocos Island and is next to one named after a region of Peru, Nazca. The spaces between them are usually classified as divergent or convergent transform faults.

{tectonic plates} [accept anything reasonable containing the word tectonic]

Science

q1712_2

In 2012 this team's third-string quarterback, Greg McElroy, claimed that its locker room was "not a fun place to be." Team captain Santonio Holmes was benched during its Week 17 loss to the Dolphins.

New York Jets [prompt on New York]

Trash

q1730_3

This company's chief operating officer, who addressed issues facing working women in her book Lean In, is Sheryl Sandberg. While some people blamed its loss in value last year on Morgan Stanley, others blamed its CFO David Ebersman, who offered a lot of (*) shares at a high price during its May 2012 initial public offering. For 10 points, identify this social media company, founded by Mark Zuckerberg, where users can share status updates with friends.

Facebook

Trash

q1534_5

Among those killed in this work is Giles Corey. Reverend Hale arrives to examine the unconscious Betty. This play sees Rebecca Nurse accused of killing seven of Goody Putnam's children, while Reverend Parris worries that his niece Abigail Williams will ruin his name. In the end, John Proctor refuses to make a false confession and is executed. For 10 points, name this play by Arthur Miller about the Salem witch trials.

The Crucible

Literature

q2045_2

Factors of 1 plus this value all to the nth power appear in both the numerator and denominator of the amortization formula. Dividing a final value by the nth power of one plus this quantity yields present value.

{interest} rate [accept {simple interest} rate or {compound interest} rate]

Science

q2481_2

Darwin predicted the existence of a Madagascar moth after observing one of these structures, which have separate male/female types in dioecious [dy-oh-EE-shus] species. The parts of this occur in multiples of three in monocots and many use (*) nectar to attract pollinators.

{flower} [do not prompt on \"plant\"]

Science

q199_1

The Atbarah (“ott-BAR-uh”) is an arm of this river that starts at Lake Tana (“TAWN-uh”).

{Nile} River

Geography

q5011_3

Some species in this group of animals have heat-sensitive pits in their heads, and most have only one working lung. The invasive brown tree type has caused many bird extinctions on Guam, and they use their tongues to gather scent molecules. Some kill prey by (*) constriction or use fangs to inject venom, and the largest ever to exist was the titanoboa.

snakes [or serpents; accept vipers before \"brown tree\"]

Science

q80_2

One piece of evidence that supports its existence is that the Caledonian mountains of Northern Europe are a continuation of the Appalachian Mountains. This entity broke up into Laurasia and Gondwanaland (“gon-DWON-uh-land”).

Pangaea

Science

q167_2

This island was home to the settlement of Brattahlid beginning in the 10th century. In 2005, an island now called "Warming Island" was found off the coast of this island.

Greenland [or Kalaallit Nunaat]

Geography

q903_2

In this war, naval forces under John Jellicoe (JELL-ih-koe) engaged forces under Reinhard Scheer (RINE-hard SHEER) during the Battle of Jutland. In another battle, Phillipe Petain (fill-EEP peh-TAN) stopped German forces at the namesake fortress in the Battle of Verdun.

{World War I} [or {First} World War; accept {Great War} before mentioned; prompt on World War]

Trash

q1371_3

Rheumatic fever can damage the mitral region of this organ, which uses Purkinje fibers to coordinate activity with the SA node. A murmur results from valves leaking in this organ that is served by the (*) coronary arteries and surrounded by the pericardium. This organ directly connects to the aorta and has two atria and two ventricles.

heart

Science

q112_1

In this novel, Charlotte Lucas marries William Collins.

{Pride} and {Prejudice}

Literature

q1193_4

William Hale Thompson was mayor of this city where the death of Mathias J. Degan led to the execution of August Spies. In addition to that event near the McCormick factory, an event in this city saw Pigasus the Pig nominated for President by people like Jerry Rubin and Abbie Hoffman. This city was the site of the Haymarket Square Riot and the 1968 Democratic National Convention. (*) For 10 points, name this Illinois city governed by two mayors named Daley and currently by Rahm Emanuel.

Chicago, Illinois

History

q476_4

These animals can be harmed by the spread of Varroa mites, and their best known species is mellifera. A combination of the Nosema ceranae fungus and IIV6 virus may be responsible for their recent population decreases, called colony collapse disorder. Belonging to the genus (*) Apis, colonies of them have female workers, male drones, and queens. For 10 points, name these insects related to wasps that pollinate flowers and live in hives.

honey {bees} [accept {\"Apis\"} before it is mentioned; do not accept \"wasp(s)\" or \"hornet(s)\"]

Science

q358_4

This goddess may have conceived children by eating lettuce. This "cow-eyed" goddess had a wagon pulled by peacocks. She sent a gadfly to sting a cow who had escaped from the hundred-eyed monster Argus. That cow, Io, was one of the women seduced by her philandering husband.

Hera

Mythology

q250_4

This work begins with a word that means "what" and calls for attention. Its three battle scenes, including one against a dragon, are each followed by a funeral scene. While fighting without a weapon, the title character of this work tears an arm from an opponent in the dining hall Heorot (HAY-or-oht), which was built by the Danish king Hrothgar (ROTH-gar). For 10 points, name this Old English epic poem about a Geat (gate) warrior who defeats Grendel.

Beowulf

Literature

q1605_2

In one work, this character is almost forced to marry Marcellina until it is revealed she is his long-lost mother. In another work, he advises a former employer to dress as a drunken soldier to get into Rosina's house.

{Figaro} [prompt on The Barber of Seville before mentioned; accept The Marriage of Figaro until "employer"]

Fine Arts

q1168_2

Samuel Chase was the only impeached member of this group, which is vested with power by Article III of the U.S. Constitution. Harriet Miers and Robert Bork were unsuccessful nominees to join this group, which Franklin Roosevelt proposed increasing to a size of 15.

United States Supreme Court [accept SCOTUS (Supreme Court of the United States); prompt on \"Court\"]

History

q4770_2

The earliest example of this form of music, created by Jacopo Peri (“perry”), described the love between Apollo and Daphne by combining Greek-style tragedy and musical accompaniment. More recent stars in this discipline include Placido Domingo and Luciano Pavarotti.

opera

Fine Arts

q1977_1

This author of After the Fall and All My Sons wrote in another play about Willy Loman committing suicide to give insurance money to his family.

Arthur Asher {Miller}

Literature

q1752_2

These objects explained the Vine-Matthews hypothesis about the reversal of the Earth's magnetic field. Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries between these objects.

{tectonic plates} [or {plate tectonics}]

Science

q60_1

This country was officially recognized in the Lateran Treaties of 1929.

State of the {Vatican City} [accept {Holy See;} accept {Santa Sede;} accept {Stato della Citta} del {Vaticano}]

Geography

q104_1

In this work, potted plants are visible above the left shoulder of one of the central figures, and part of a red barn can be seen on the right.

American Gothic

Fine Arts

q194_1

After this god's son brought Hippolytus back to life, Asclepius was killed by Zeus.

Apollo

Mythology

q1794_2

The only people allowed to touch this object are members of its awarding organization's executive committee, current heads of state and previous winners of it. The current version of it was first awarded in 1974 after its predecessor, the Jules Rimet Trophy, was permanently given in 1970 to the first team to win it three times, (*) Brazil.

{FIFA World Cup} [do not accept \"Jules Rimet Trophy\"]

Trash

q3127_2

The density of this quantity is equal to electrical field times conductivity. The integral of the magnetic field is proportional to this quantity by Ampere's Law.

{current} [or {I}]

Science

q1846_4

This term denotes any algebraic expression written as the quotient of two polynomials. If the discriminant of a quadratic equation is a perfect square, then both roots of that equation are of this type. All numbers denoted by this term are algebraic. For 10 points, give this term that denotes any number that can be written as a over b, where a and b are integers.

rational

Science

q1808_2

This structure experiences only compression, with no shear, and is therefore an inverted catenary curve. It is made from a series of tapering equilateral triangles, and visitors can ride a sloping tram system to its top.

The {Gateway Arch} [prompt on {St. Louis Arch} or equivalents before “St. Louis”]

Fine Arts

q3403_3

The carrack Mary Rose sank during the reign of this ruler, who ordered Thomas Cromwell to dissolve the monasteries. Thomas Cranmer was Archbishop of Canterbury under this ruler, who became the supreme head of the Protestant Church of England. After his marriage to a Spanish princess ended, he married Anne Boleyn, but had Anne beheaded in 1536.

{Henry VIII} [prompt on Henry or {Henry} Tudor]

History

q1629_3

One work by this author, about a man who injures himself while hanging curtains, is The Death of Ivan Ilyich. One of his novels has a relationship between Levin and Kitty, while the title character has an affair with Count Vronsky and eventually commits suicide by jumping in front of a (*) train. For 10 points, name this author who wrote about the French invasion of Russia in War and Peace in addition to writing Anna Karenina.

Leo {Tolstoy} [or {Lev} ({Nikolayvich}) {Tolstoy}]

Literature

q1814_2

This man was the first to state that the color of light was determined by light's interaction with other objects. This man was the first to coin the term "Action at a Distance."

Isaac Newton

Science

q4126_3

After having much of his legislation overturned by the Supreme Court, this leader proposed his court packing plan. The Tennessee Valley Authority was one piece of New Deal legislation that was not overturned by the Court. Although he led his country for most of World War II, he did not make the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan.

{Franklin} Delano {Roosevelt} [accept {FDR}; prompt on {Roosevelt}]

History

q898_4

One variant of this organelle (“OR-guh-NELL”) is found in muscle cells and stores calcium. Like the Golgi body, it is composed of flattened sacks called cisternae (“SIS-ter-nay”). This set of tubes contains chaperone proteins, which help fold proteins. Those proteins are synthesized in the ribosomes, which are attached to one form of this organelle.

{endoplasmic reticulum} [or {ER} ; accept {sarcoplasmic reticulum} or {SR}]

Science

q2122_3

The wife of one character in this novel is named Teresa Cascajo (“cas-CAH-ho”). That character's donkey is named Dapple and accompanies Rocinante (“ro-sin-AHN-tay”), the nag of this novel's protagonist. A long-legged paunchy rustic named Sancho Panza is the squire of the title character.

{Don Quixote} de la Mancha

Literature

q358_1

This goddess may have conceived children by eating lettuce.

Hera

Mythology

q1102_2

When this athlete was the 2004 NBA Rookie of the Year, he became the youngest person ever to win that award. This player was criticized for 3-for-14 shooting in a Game 5 loss to the Boston Celtics in the 2010 playoffs and the owner of his former team, Dan Gilbert, published a letter after this player left in free agency.

LeBron Raymone {James}

Trash

q2222_5

An early invention used to make art works in this medium was the daguerreotype [duh-gayr-"row"-"type"]. Eadweard ["edward"] Muybridge created works in this medium which clarified the method by which horses gallop. The Steerage and Migrant Mother are specific examples of these types of art works. Works in this medium showing Yosemite National Park were created by (*) Ansel Adams. For 10 points, name these objects which can be instantly produced by Polaroids.

photographs [accept word forms; prompt on \"pictures\"]

Fine Arts

q49_2

This structure was the site of the climactic scene in North by Northwest. A similar structure in Georgia was halted before Stone Mountain was completed.

Mount {Rushmore}

Geography

q113_3

Artists primarily known for work in this movement include Max Ernst and Yves Tanguy. One work of this movement, The Treachery of Images, depicts a pipe and the French words for "this is not a pipe." Another of its works depicts melting watches and is titled The Persistence of Memory.

surrealism

Fine Arts

q2206_3

The title figure looks "a little like a military man" in this group's song about a meter maid, "Lovely Rita." Peter Frampton starred in a movie based on this group's album Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. They recorded the album Abbey Road shortly before breaking up in 1970.

The {Beatles} [accept {Lovely Rita} before "{this group}"]

Trash

q1268_1

This holiday commemorates the result of a trial before the Sanhedrin (san-HEE-drin), which was led by Caiaphas (KYE-uh-fuss).

{Good Friday} [or {Great Friday;} or {Holy Friday}]

Religion

q179_1

This city's northeast is home to Mount Scopus (“SCOPE-us”), often used as a point of attack by forces attempting to invade it.

Jerusalem

Geography

q146_3

The Neptunbrunnen is a fountain in this city, and its Museum Island is a World Heritage Site. The Charlottenburg Palace can be found in it, and Karl-Marx-Allee is a major boulevard. The Reichstag and the Brandenburg Gate are landmarks in this city that was divided by a wall until 1989.

Berlin, Germany

Geography

q3618_3

The protagonists of this song's music video throw magazines, clothes and an empty fishbowl out an open window. This song notes that "maybe I was stupid for telling you goodbye" regarding a boy who the singer supposes is sorry because "you're (*) standing at my door." This song's chorus notes that "you've got a piece of me and honestly" before expressing the title sentiment.

\"My Life Would Suck Without You\"

Trash

q442_1

It was the subject of a Scientific American special report dealing with Modified Newtonian Dynamics by Mordechai Milgrom (“MOR-de-kye MILL-grum”).

{dark matter} [accept {dark} matter after “{matter}” is read]

Science

q2778_2

One movement with this name involved painters like Aaron Douglas and Jacob Lawrence, who were influenced by African folk art. In addition to that "Harlem" movement, another period by this name flourished in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and was based on humanism and classical influences.

{Renaissance} [accept "Harlem {Renaissance"} until "Harlem"; accept variants such as "Early {Renaissance"} or "High {Renaissance"}]

Fine Arts

q578_2

This figure once tried to destroy mankind by tearing out an eye, which turned into Hathor. At night, he brings light to the darkness of the underworld.

{Ra} [accept Amon-{Ra} or {Re} or Amon-{Re;} do not accept {“Amon”} by itself]

Fine Arts

q1561_4

Otus and Ephialtes (“eff-ee-ALL-tees”) tried to capture this goddess, but ended up slaying each other after she transformed into a deer. She slew the daughters of Niobe (“ny-OH-bee”) in response to a slight against her mother. Actaeon (“ack-TAY-on”) caught a glimpse of this deity bathing, for which he was turned into a stag and mauled by his own dogs. For 10 points, name this twin of Apollo, the Greek goddess of the hunt.

{Artemis}

Mythology

q1672_1

In one part of this work, Madame de Villefort (veel-FOR) goes on a poisoning spree for her son's inheritance, and the title character saves Valentine by building her resistance.

The Count of Monte Cristo [or Le Comte de Monte-Cristo]

Literature

q350_1

This work was based on a real life location in Greenwich Village.

Nighthawks

Fine Arts

q7838_3

Arias by this composer include Va, penseiro (VAH PENN-see-AIR-oh) and La donna e mobile (MOHbee-LAY), This composer of an opera about the Duke of Mantua's court jester included a "Drinking Song" in an opera about Violetta Valéry (VAL-ay-ree), La Traviata. He also depicted Radames's (RAHdah-meez's) dilemma in choosing between the titular Ethiopian slave girl and his loyalty to Egypt. For 10 points, name this composer of Rigoletto and Aida ("eye"-EE-duh).

Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi

Fine Arts

q1410_1

This conflict saw a battle for Kunduz (“CUN-dooz”), which saw cooperation between U.S. and German forces.

War in {Afghanistan} [accept {War} against the {Taliban} before mentioned; accept other obvious

History

q805_5

This element combines with nitrogen to form cyanides, and it combines with iron to make steel. Sixty atoms of this make a molecule of buckminsterfullerene (BUCK-min-ster-FULL-er-een), and another allotrope, mistakenly referred to as lead and used in pencils, is graphite. It exists in all organic molecules. A molecule made of this element and two oxygen atoms is used by plants in photosynthesis. For 10 points, name this element whose atomic symbol is C.

carbon [accept C until mentioned]

Science

q13259_3

This franchise's 1934 World Series-winning team was known as the "Gas House Gang." It won the 1944 World Series over the Browns, with whom it used to share Sportsman's Park. Its 1968 championship team featured Lou Brock and Bob Gibson.

St. Louis Cardinals [or St. Louis Cardinals]

Trash

q101_2

The D double prime layer lies in the lowest part of this region. The upper part of this region mainly consists of magnesium-iron silicates such as pyroxene (“pie-ROX-een”) and olivine (“olive een”).

{mantle}

Science

q5215_1

These phenomena are counted using the Wolf number, and butterfly diagrams show the concentration of these regions in latitude bands.

{sunspots}

Science

q325_4

Parts of this continent named for 19th century sailors include Palmer Land and Wilkes Land. Vostok(VAH-stock) is a Russian station on this continent, parts of which are claimed by Norway, Argentina, and New Zealand. British naval officer Robert Scott died on this continent, which was more successfully explored by Roald Amundsen (AH-mund-son) using sled dogs. For 10 points, name this coldest continent, the site of penguin colonies and the South Pole.

Antarctica

Geography