caimira/pb-queries · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 4 8	text stringlengths 36 531	answer stringlengths 1 388	category stringclasses 10 values
q999_4	J.M.W. Turner painted one of these things before it was to be "broken up" in his The Fighting Temeraire. A black man stands in a small brown one of these things in a Winslow Homer painting. A John Copley painting showing many of these includes a group of people on one of them as Brook Watson is being rescued from a (*) shark attack. For 10 points, name these sea vessels which are often shown in naval war scenes.	{boats} or {ships} [accept {warships;} accept {sea vessels} before it is mentioned]	Fine Arts
q1506_2	The density parameter for the non-relativistic form of this falls off with the cube of the scale factor. This substance dominated the universe from approximately 75,000 years after the Big-Bang until about 4 billion years ago.	matter	Science
q1366_3	A December 2012 agreement between this country's National Action, Democratic Revolution, and Institutional Revolutionary Parties led to constitutional amendments in 2013. The last of those parties is headed by (*) Enrique Peña Nieto [en-REE-kay PAY-nya nee-AY-toe], who replaced Felipe [fay-LEE-pay] Calderon as president. For 10 points, name this country that recently experienced an increase in drug-related violence and that shares a long border with the United States.	Los Estados Unidos de {México} [or {United Mexican States}]	Trash
q5689_2	This body contains an unusually reflective equatorial region known as Xanadu. It is in a 3:4 orbital resonance with Hyperion.	Titan	Science
q3001_1	This man defeated Caleb Boggs in a 1972 Senate election; the following month his wife and daughter were killed in an accident.	({Joseph} Robinette) {\"Joe\" Biden}	Trash
q415_3	In this game, one can play the Ruy (“ROY”) Lopez or the Dragon Sicilian. ELO rankings were first computed for competitors in this game, whose special moves include the en passant (“AHN pah-SAHN”) capture and castling. Pieces that move in an L-shape in this game are called knights.	chess	Fine Arts
q148_1	In one novel written in this language, Adso of Melk and William of Baskerville solve a murder mystery at a monastery.	Italian [accept Italiano or Lingua italiana]	Literature
q3219_3	R. A. Fisher suggested this scientist falsified data because of the exactness of his ratios, and his most significant paper was Experiments in Plant Hybridization. One result of this man's work was the law of independent assortment, discovered by examining traits like tall vs. dwarf and round vs. wrinkled. For 10 points, name this biologist and monk whose breeding of pea plants led to the basic principles of heredity.	Gregor Johann {Mendel}	Science
q634_1	This mountain range is home to the threatened spectacled bear, and large silver mines were found near this range's city of Potosí.	the {Andes}	Geography
q1113_2	This character feels nauseous at the sight of blue oatmeal and befriends Yard Ape. She ends a book report with the line, "I can't believe I ate the whole thing."	{Ramona Quimby} [or Ramona Quimby; prompt on Quimby]	Literature
q2402_1	The fundamental units in these body parts work according to the sliding-filament hypothesis and are called sarcomeres.	muscles	Science
q692_4	Creations of this type include Roland Barthes's (BART'S) "Death of the Author." Supporting details and examples are found in body paragraphs in this type of writing, genres of which include process, descriptive, argumentative, and compare-and-contrast. A five-paragraph type of these is frequently assigned in high schools. For 10 points, name this type of non-fiction writing that seeks to prove a thesis statement.	{essays} [prompt on {papers;} prompt on {prose;} prompt on {non}-{fiction;} do not accept or prompt on "article"; do not accept or prompt on "report"]	Literature
q634_3	This mountain range is home to the threatened spectacled bear, and large silver mines were found near this range's city of Potosí. The farthest point on the surface from Earth's center is this range's Chimborazo. Its highest peak is (*) Aconcagua, and it is home to Lake Titicaca.	the {Andes}	Geography
q2066_2	The god of war worshipped by these people was born from the union of a ball of feathers and Coatlicue (co-AHT-lee-KWAY). This people settled down in the place where they found an eagle, on a cactus, eating a snake.	{Aztecs} [prompt on {Mexicans}]	Mythology
q294_4	This state's ski resort of Lake Placid, the site of the 1980 Winter Olympics, and its highest point, Mount Marcy, are both located in the Adirondack Mountains. In the 19th century, its growth was aided by the Erie Canal, which brought settlers west from the Hudson River valley. This state's largest city is composed of five boroughs, including Staten Island, Queens, and the Bronx. For 10 points, name this Empire State.	New York	Geography
q1518_4	This city is where Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man works at the Liberty Paint Company. George Selden wrote about a cricket in one of this city's major public spaces. The Great Gatsby takes place in this city where Percy Jackson visits the Metropolitan Museum of Art. This city is where Stuart Little races boats in Central Park.	New York City	Literature
q1094_2	Iron-56 dominates the spectra of absorption lines for one class of these phenomena, which are caused by white dwarves exceeding the Chandrasekhar limit. An inert nickel-iron core in a star leads to one on account of a lack of degeneracy pressure.	{supernovae} [or {supernovas;} prompt on {stellar collapse;} do not accept or prompt on \"nova\"]	Science
q4931_4	Gamma-tubulin (TOO-byoo-lin) is needed to activate centrosomes in this phase, which follows the G2 checkpoint. One of these phases in meiosis includes synapsis (sin-APP-sis) and the crossing over of homologous chromosomes. Asters form during this phase that sees the disappearance of the nucleolus (noo-klee-OH-luss) and the growth of spindle fibers. For 10 points, name this phase of mitosis in which chromatin condenses into chromosomes prior to metaphase.	prophase [accept prophase I; prompt on meiosis until read; prompt on mitosis until "meiosis" is read but do not accept or prompt on it afterwards]	Science
q1995_1	One of this author's characters kills his rival Spitz while working for Francois (frahn-SWAH) and Perrault (pair-OHL).	Jack {London}	Literature
q3332_1	Stomach acid consists mainly of a compound of hydrogen and this element.	{Chlorine} or {Cl}	Science
q1531_4	Several "pancake domes" mark the surface of this body, whose other features include the Gula Mons and Sif Mons mountains. The spacecraft Vega 1 and 2 landed on this body. Due to a runaway greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature on this body is over seven hundred degrees Kelvin. For 10 points, name this home of Ishtar Terra, the most similar planet to Earth.	Venus	Science
q3_1	The winning side of this battle had its main position at Henry House Hill.	{First} Battle of {Bull Run} [or {First} Battle of {Manassas;} prompt on {Bull} Run; prompt on {Manassas}]	History
q2541_2	When this substance is used, it often leaves behind a liquid with naphthalene and various phenols. The lowest rank of this type of substance, formed from peat, is lignite, while higher grades are classified as anthracite or the bituminous type.	{coal}	Science
q2365_3	In one novel by this author, Robert Cohn and Jake Barnes both pursue Lady Brett Ashley as they travel through Spain. In another novel by this author, Catherine loves an American soldier fighting in World War I, Frederic Henry. In one of this man's novellas, (*) Santiago goes eighty-four days without catching a fish.	Ernest Hemingway	Literature
q92_1	The Panspermia theory holds that life first developed on these objects.	comets	Science
q4832_5	This father of Kebechet had a cult centered at Cynopolis. This Egyptian god was associated with the Greek deity Hermes because of their similar roles. His mother is given as either Bast or Nephthys, and he predates one of his potential fathers, Osiris, as god of the underworld. This god weighs the heart of the dead against Ma'at's (MAHT's) feather. For 10 points, identify this jackal-headed Egyptian god of mummification.	{Anubis} [or {Inpu;} or {Anpu;} or {Anup;} or {Ienpw}]	Mythology
q813_2	This force allows accelerated rolling motion down an incline by producing a net torque on the object. In general, this nonconservative force is equal to the normal force times mu, its namesake coefficient, and it converts kinetic energy into internal energy.	friction	Science
q4945_2	Ribosome subunits pass through pores in this structure's namesake envelope and are produced in one part of it. In one kind of cloning, this organelle is transferred into an egg that lacks one.	nucleus	Science
q1659_2	In one novel, this writer depicted Ratcliffe's impressment of a character who is accused by John Claggart of fomenting a mutiny before being hanged by Edward Fairfax Vere. This writer also wrote about Starbuck, Queequeg (“KWEE-kwaig”), and Ishmael, shipmates on the Pequod dragged into Ahab's obsession with pursuing a white whale.	Herman Melville	Literature
q1497_3	The protagonist of this novel suffers a head wound when asking for news from a retreating column. His friend Wilson cares for that head wound after his return to camp, a kindness the protagonist had not shown for the "Tattered Man" and Jim Conklin after they earned the titular mark. For 10 points, identify this novel that follows Henry Fleming as he participates in the Civil War, a work by Stephen Crane.	The Red Badge of Courage	Literature
q1833_1	The hormone ethylene causes the abscission of these structures, which have palisade and spongy mesophyll layers.	leaf [or leaves]	Science
q5790_2	A group of genes coding for lactose breakdown, known as the lac operon, was first discovered in this model organism. Although it is not Shigella, shiga toxins are produced in virulent strains of this organism such as its serotype O157:H7.	Escherichia {coli} [prompt on Bacillus coli communis]	Science
q3001_3	This man defeated Caleb Boggs in a 1972 Senate election; the following month his wife and daughter were killed in an accident. In 2013, he and John Lewis led a re-enactment of the Selma civil rights march, and in 2012 he said on national television, "With all due respect, that's a bunch of (*) malarkey." He now heads a Gun Violence Task Force.	({Joseph} Robinette) {\"Joe\" Biden}	Trash
q3657_2	The University of Breslau gave this composer of 21 Hungarian Dances an honorary doctorate degree; he returned the favor by composing the Academic Festival Overture. One of his works replaces the Latin text with verses from the Lutheran Bible, and his 1st Symphony is so heavily inspired by (*) Beethoven that it's often called "Beethoven's Tenth."	Johannes {Brahms}	Fine Arts
q1280_1	This element is the most malleable and ductile metal.	gold [or Au until mentioned]	Science
q1377_2	A Sanskrit group of these writings is found in the Panchatantra (PAHN-chah-THAN-trah). Marianne Moore translated a collection of these writings by Jean de la Fontaine.	fables [prompt on tales or stories or similar answers before "stories" is read]	Literature
q130_2	This nation's cities include Pleiku in the Central Highlands and the port of Haiphong on the Gulf of Tonkin near the Red River delta. The Mekong River also has its delta in this country, south of Ho Chi Minh City, formerly known as Saigon.	Socialist Republic of {Vietnam} (or {Cong Hoa Xa Hoi Chu Nghia Viet Nam})	Geography
q1455_1	After initiation into the Khalsa (KAHL-sah) in this religion, adherents must wear a wooden comb, known as the "kanga"(KAHN-gah), and a steel bracelet, known as the "kara" (KAH-rah), which are two of the five K's.	Sikhism	Religion
q963_1	While travelling back to his hometown, this man solves a riddle with the answer of “man.”	{Oedipus}	Literature
q1481_3	One of these musical works features a harpsichord cadenza that was probably played by J.S. Bach at its premiere. Bela Bartok wrote one of these works for Orchestra. Vivaldi's hundreds of these works include The Four Seasons, and Mozart wrote a (*) double one for flute and harp.	concerto [accept Brandenburg Concerto(s) before \"Bela Bartok\" is mentioned]	Fine Arts
q1143_1	A building in this city contained as many as 17,000 stone seats and a circular proscenium, and an annual festival in this city included a competition between three writers of tragedies and satyr plays.	Athens [or Athenai]	History
q213_1	Richard Mentor Johnson's political career was helped by the belief that he personally killed this man at the Battle of the Thames (TEMS).	Tecumseh [accept Tecumtha; accept Tekamthi]	History
q662_2	A rebellion in this state for electoral rights was led by Thomas Dorr. The HMS Gaspee was burned off its coast.	State of {Rhode Island} and {Providence} Plantations	History
q1503_5	In this play, one character sends Reynoldo to spy on his son. The title character of this play mourns a "fellow of infinite jest," Yorick, in this play's "graveyard scene." The protagonist tells one character to "get thee to a nunnery" before he kills her father, (*) Polonius. That character later drowns and is named Ophelia. One famous scene from this play contains the line "To be or not to be."	Hamlet	Literature
q1418_2	This man's ship was saved from destruction after Orpheus used his lyre to drown out the Sirens' singing. This man plowed a field with bronze, fire-breathing bulls and then sowed the teeth of a dragon into that field in order to retrieve an item that was made from the (*) ram that saved Phrixus and Helle.	Jason [or {Iason}]	Mythology
q175_1	At the end of this story, the title object is revealed to be worth at most five hundred francs.	“The {Necklace}” [or “La {Parure}”]	Literature
q702_3	In rotational motion, this quantity can be obtained by taking one half of the moment of inertia times the angular velocity squared. In an elastic collision, both momentum and this quantity are conserved. It equals one half times mass times velocity squared.	kinetic energy [accept KE; accept kinetic energy after "energy"]	Science
q1399_3	This person's visit to Fort Bragg caused a stir when the press was denied entry to a book tour for Going Rogue. This person resigned from the position of Governor of the state closest to Russia shortly after a campaign loss in the most recent general election. Tina Fey did a notable impression of, for 10 points, what unsuccessful vice presidential candidate who ran alongside John McCain in 2008?	Sarah {Palin}	Trash
q1401_3	Two people voted for Allen West instead of voting to keep this man in his current position in 2013. Some conservatives accused him of violating the so-called Hastert Rule in 2013 when he allowed votes on Hurricane Sandy relief and the (*) Violence Against Women Act. For 10 points, name this Republican who sat behind President Obama during the State of the Union, the current Speaker of the House.	John Boehner [prompt on \"Speaker of the House\" or \"House Speaker\"]	History
q2549_4	The Aufbau (“OUF-bou”) principle explains how these particles are placed in their “shells.” The discovery of these particles in cathode rays by J.J. Thomson led him to formulate the plum pudding model. The charge on one of these particles is also known as the fundamental charge. In the Bohr model of the atom, these particles orbit the nucleus.	{electrons}	Science
q43_5	This state contains the Tongass National Forest and the "Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes." The Alexander Archipelago is on one side of its "Inside Passage;" on the other side is this state's panhandle. The Brooks Range is an extension of the Rocky Mountains into this state. This state's city of Wasilla (wuh-SILL-uh) is a suburb of its largest city, Anchorage. For 10 points, name this largest and northernmost U.S. state.	Alaska	Geography
q2850_1	One figure in this religion wears three wedding bands to symbolize her marriages to Agwe, Dumballah, and Ogoun.	{Voodoo} [accept {Vodun} or {Vodou} or {Vodoun} or {Vaudou} or {Vaudoux}]	Religion
q450_1	Paul Whiteman's band premiered this work at "An Experiment in Modern Music," after which its composer wrote out the solo piano part he'd improvised.	\"Rhapsody in Blue\"	Fine Arts
q1772_1	A cleaning technique often used on jewelry uses this type of wave to produce bubbles.	ultrasonic frequencies [or ultrasound; prompt on \"sound\" waves or \"longitudinal\" waves before \"sound wave\" is mentioned]	Science
q1884_3	In nerve cells, this process is used to maintain the electrical membrane potential, and this process is also used to load sap into plant phloem. Most animal cells achieve this process with a sodium-potassium pump that is powered by ATP, while (*) phagocytosis of solid particles is another form of it. Used to move substances against the concentration gradient, for 10 points, name this transport process that requires energy.	{active} transport	Science
q1284_4	In one work by this author, Georgiana dies after Aylmer manages to remove the title blemish. In another work, the title character witnesses his wife Faith and other townspeople dancing. In his most famous novel, the titular object is worn by Hester Prynne as punishment for committing adultery. For 10 points, name this author of "The Birthmark," "Young Goodman Brown," and The Scarlet Letter.	Nathaniel {Hawthorne}	Literature
q12393_4	The “straw” form of this practice is unscientific and the “push” form of this is really just a campaign tactic designed to attack an opponent in disguise. Most important to politicians in the midst of a campaign are the “exit” form and “tracking” forms. They require some form of a random sample and carefully worded questions in order to be accurate. For 10 points, what is a survey used to measure public opinion called?	{polls} [or {polling}]	Social Science
q7377_3	This nation's breakup was achieved by the actions of Milan Kucan (mee-LAHN koo-CHAHN) and Franjo Tudman (FRAHN-yoh TOOJ-mahn), and led to war crimes charges against Radovan Karadzic (RAH-duh-vahn kuh-RAH-jich) and Slobodan Milosevic (SLOH-buh-dahn muh-LOH-suh-vich). For almost half of its history, Marshal Tito was the leader of this country, part of which became Serbia and Montenegro after both Croatia and Slovenia declared independence. For 10 points, identify this Balkan nation that broke apart in the early 1990s.	Yugoslavia	Social Science
q6926_3	This world leader ordered that people who hide cell phones should be shot, and in February 2013 it was discovered that he uses a Taiwanese HTC phone. A speech he recorded in early 2013 surprised listeners by not calling for US troop withdrawals, though in 2012 he claimed his (*) nuclear missiles could reach the US mainland. For 10 points, name this son of the recently deceased Kim Jong-il, the current Supreme Leader of North Korea.	{Kim Jong}-{un} [prompt on partial answer]	Social Science
q2407_1	The second king of this country, who started the International African Association and worked with Henry Stanley to establish a colony called the Congo Free State, was Leopold II.	Kingdom of {Belgium}	History
q2837_2	His opposition to harsh retaliation after the sinking of the Lusitania caused this politician to resign as Woodrow Wilson's Secretary of State. This man argued against Clarence Darrow in the Scopes Monkey Trial.	William Jennings Bryan	History
q2277_1	The Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini was written from twenty-four caprices originally written for this instrument.	{violin} [prompt on {fiddle}]	Fine Arts
q2710_3	Genes related to this condition include the c-sis and p53 genes. The human papillomavirus (pahp-uh- LOH-muh-veye-ruhs), HPV, can cause one form of this disease, which is known as a sarcoma when it affects connective tissue and a melanoma if affects the skin. Metastasis (muh-TAS-tuh-sis) refers to the spread of this disease to other organs.	cancer	Science
q1506_4	The density parameter for the non-relativistic form of this falls off with the cube of the scale factor. This substance dominated the universe from approximately 75,000 years after the Big-Bang until about 4 billion years ago. Deviations in the expected orbital speed of galaxies suggests the presence of the (*) "dark" form of this. When it has the same mass but opposite charge and spin, it is deemed "anti."	matter	Science
q463_4	This figure's father was struck dumb for his disbelief after being told that his wife Elizabeth would conceive this figure. He taught that “he who hath two coats” should “give to him who hath none.” Salome (“SAL-oh-may”) asked Herod for this figure's head on a platter. He gained his epithet for an action which he performed with water, but another would perform with the Holy Spirit.	{John} the Baptist	Religion
q1562_4	The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that every positive integer can be uniquely represented as a product of these numbers. Special types of these numbers are named after Fermat (“fur-MAHT”) and Mersenne (“mur-SEN”). To find these numbers, one may use the Sieve of Eratosthenes (air-uh-TOSS- then-eez”), in which one crosses off all multiples of two, then all multiples of three, and so on. For 10 points, give these numbers whose only factors are one and themselves.	{prime} numbers [or {primes}]	Science
q832_1	This text was written down by Sahabas (sah-HAH-bahs) after the death of the leader that received it.	Qur'an [or Koran]	Literature
q3390_2	The Diprotodon was the largest member of this taxonomic group known to exist, while its last big carnivore, the thylacine, went extinct in the Hobart Zoo. Burrowers in this infraclass, such as wombats, have a namesake feature opening to the rear.	{Marsupial} [or {Marsupialia}]	Science
q874_1	This artwork was painted over a previous decoration of gold stars on a blue sky.	{ceiling} of the {Sistine Chapel} [prompt on {Sistine Chapel}]	Fine Arts
q60_3	This country was officially recognized in the Lateran Treaties of 1929. It has extraterritorial authority over Castel Gandolfo. Places of interest in this country include the Sistine Chapel and Saint Peter's Square and Basilica.	State of the {Vatican City} [accept {Holy See;} accept {Santa Sede;} accept {Stato della Citta} del {Vaticano}]	Geography
q864_1	In April 2011 this country announced it was "for rent," eight years after its Head of State, Hans Adam II, joked about selling it to Bill Gates and renaming it Microsoft.	Principality of {Liechtenstein} [or {Fuerstentum Liechtenstein}]	Geography
q2050_4	One character in this book describes himself as the "shortest giant" and "tallest midget." The protagonist is instructed to follow a line forever and then turn left to find infinity. The protagonist is accompanied by Tock and the Humbug in a quest to rescue Rhyme and Reason from the Castle in the Air. (*) For 10 points, name this Norton Juster novel about Milo, who drives his toy car through the title object.	The Phantom Tollbooth	Literature
q1719_4	In this state in 2013, researchers announced that they had cured a two-year-old girl of HIV. Marco McMillan, one of its towns' mayoral candidates who was openly homosexual, was found murdered in February 2013. Also in 2013, this state finally (*) ratified the 13th Amendment banning slavery. For 10 points, name this state with military bases at Gulfport and Biloxi whose capital is Jackson.	Mississippi	Trash
q354_3	One famous work for this instrument is Caprice No. 24 by Paganini (pag-uh-NEE-nee). In Berlioz's (BER-lee-ohz) Symphonie Fantastique (fan-tas-TEEK), a head bouncing from a guillotine is depicted by this instrument playing pizzicato (PITZ-ee-KAH-toe). The concertmaster of an orchestra is the first chair of this instrument, several of which were crafted by Stradivarius.	violin	Fine Arts
q3310_1	This artist referenced his sister's tuberculosis in his The Sick Child, part of a series called The Frieze of Life.	Edvard {Munch} [MOONK]	Trash
q3131_3	The period of a spring is given by two pi times the square root of this quantity over the spring constant. Heat transfer is equal to the specific heat times the change in temperature times this quantity. A "rest" type is multiplied by the square of the speed of light to give energy.	{mass} [accept {inertia} before \"m\" is read; prompt on m before mentioned]	Science
q5093_4	The uniform probability distribution takes this shape. Rotating this shape using one of its sides as an axis yields a cylinder. This shape is traced out by the x-axis, the y-axis, and the equations x equals two and y equals six. Each diagonal of this kind of quadrilateral divides it into two congruent right triangles.	{rectangles} [do not accept or prompt on "square"]	Science
q874_4	This artwork was painted over a previous decoration of gold stars on a blue sky. Sibyls and Prophets surround its nine central panels, which depict scenes from the Book of Genesis. This painting's bestknown section shows a man reaching out and almost touching fingers with God. The artist stood on a scaffold to paint, for 10 points, what large fresco that includes The Creation of Adam, a work of Michelangelo?	{ceiling} of the {Sistine Chapel} [prompt on {Sistine Chapel}]	Fine Arts
q4816_5	These objects are often responsible for the formation of "rock flour." When these objects retreat, they often create eskers and drumlins and leave moraines. They often create "v" and "u" shaped (*) valleys along with fjords. When these objects break apart, they form icebergs and can create large crevasses in their surface. For 10 points, name these large bodies of moving ice.	glaciers	Science
q32_1	When one of this state's senators, Mel Martinez, did not seek reelection, George LeMieux (leh-MEW) was appointed to that position.	Florida	Geography
q1571_3	A pressure associated with this process is a colligative (“co-LIG-uh-tiv”) property proportional to mass and temperature, and is defined as the hydrostatic (“HY-dro-STAT-ick”) pressure necessary to counteract this process. A “reverse” form of this process is sometimes used to purify water. For 10 points, name this movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.	{osmosis} [prompt on {diffusion}]	Science
q2005_4	This country's northwest is home to the Islamic Uighur (WEE-gur) people. The leader of another religion from this country described the "Five Great Relationships" and listed virtues like "reciprocity" and "culture" in one of the "Four Books." Adherents of a third religion from this country follow the practice of "no action," or wu wei. For 10 points, identify this country home to Confucianism and Daoism.	{China} [or {People's Republic} of {China;} do not accept or prompt on "Republic of China"]	Religion
q2565_2	During this battle, Senlac Hill was the site of a defensive position set up by housecarls. The losing side's forces had been weakened in a previous battle against Harold Hardrada at Stamford Bridge.	Battle of Hastings	History
q992_2	This person from Gath defied the armies of Israel, demanding a fight to the death with one person under the condition that the winner's side would enslave the loser's side. He is finally challenged in the book of First Samuel Chapter 17 by the son of (*) Jesse, who was then a servant to Saul.	Goliath	Mythology
q7377_2	This nation's breakup was achieved by the actions of Milan Kucan (mee-LAHN koo-CHAHN) and Franjo Tudman (FRAHN-yoh TOOJ-mahn), and led to war crimes charges against Radovan Karadzic (RAH-duh-vahn kuh-RAH-jich) and Slobodan Milosevic (SLOH-buh-dahn muh-LOH-suh-vich). For almost half of its history, Marshal Tito was the leader of this country, part of which became Serbia and Montenegro after both Croatia and Slovenia declared independence.	Yugoslavia	Social Science
q194_5	After this god's son brought Hippolytus back to life, Asclepius was killed by Zeus. Along with his sister, he killed Niobe's seven sons. He slew the dragon Python and established the Oracle of Delphi at the place where it died. This son of Leto pursued the nymph (*) Daphne, only for her to turn into a laurel tree. For 10 points, name this Greek god of archery, music, and light whose twin sister was Artemis.	Apollo	Mythology
q3032_3	This politician responded to Francois Barbe-Marbois in his Notes on the State of Virginia. This man founded the University of Virginia and designed the mansion of Monticello.. This president sent the Lewis and Clark expedition and authorized the (*) Louisiana Purchase.	Thomas Jefferson	History
q3127_5	The density of this quantity is equal to electrical field times conductivity. The integral of the magnetic field is proportional to this quantity by Ampere's Law. For a diode, this is proportional to the exponential voltage. Ohm's Law states that voltage is equal to this quantity times resistance. For 10 points, name this quantity measured in amperes, the amount of charge flowing through a point over time.	{current} [or {I}]	Science
q1922_1	This man was the first to institute retirement and disability benefits.	Otto von Bismarck	History
q3203_3	The trial in this novel is presided over by Lucas de Beaumanoir. One character in this novel, Brian de Bois-Gilbert, captures the daughter of Isaac of York named Rebecca. Athelstane disclaims the daughter of Cedric the Saxon named Lady Rowena, who marries the title character at the end of this novel.	Ivanhoe	Literature
q1633_3	During the seventh of these events, King Louis IX of France was captured in the Nile Delta. The fourth one was diverted to Constantinople with the help of the Doge of Venice. At the Council of Clermont (“Claremont”), Pope Urban II called for the first one, which recaptured Jerusalem in 1099.	{Crusades}	History
q3116_2	In this work, a floating female carries a flame lit lamp and a soldier is clutching a broken sword from where a flower is growing. This work also has a distraught horse in the background and a bull standing over a woman, who is grieving over a dead child.	Guernica	Fine Arts
q5040_1	This type of respiration takes place when limited oxygen is available.	{fermentation} [accept word forms; prompt on {\"anaerobic\" respiration}]	Science
q1708_2	At the end of this novel, one character briefly reunites with her mother Gudule (“guh-DOOL”). Also at the end of this novel, Fleur-de-lys (“FLEWER-de-lee”) marries that character's lover Phoebus de Chateaupers (“FEE-bus deh SHAT-oh-per”).	The {Hunchback of Notre Dame}	Literature
q1801_2	A dog barks at a drummer in the lower left of this painting. One of the two central figures is dressed in bright yellow, matching the girl with the chicken in her belt.	The {Nightwatch} [or De {Nachtwacht} ; or The {Shooting Company} of Captain Franz Banning	Fine Arts
q10272_3	In this film, a priest's rhotacism causes him to pronounce the word "marriage" incorrectly. One character lists two classic blunders, getting involved in a land war in Asia, and having a battle of wits with a Sicilian. The main character later reveals his identity while rolling down a hill by saying, (*) "As you wish."	The Princess Bride	Trash
q1681_4	One of the title characters in this story tells his father he is looking back at his white cat sitting on the roof. In this story, the stepmother plans to leave the title characters in the forest. This ends with the title characters going home after shoving an old (*) woman in an oven. For 10 points, name this Brothers Grimm story about siblings who find a house made of bread, cake, and sugar.	\"Hansel and Gretel\" [or \"Hansel und Gretel\"]	Literature
q1770_3	One character in this play states, "Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player." Minor characters in this play include the thanes Ross and Lennox. The title character begins this play as the Thane of Glamis ["glahmz"].	Macbeth	Literature
q264_4	In 2011 this country and a country it almost entirely surrounds agreed to an exchange of border enclaves. Cuisine from this country includes the "tandoori" style of cooking and the use of curry. The Arabian Sea is to this country's west; to its east lies the Bay of Bengal. For 10 points, name this country that nearly surrounds Bangladesh and disputes the Kashmir and Punjab regions with Pakistan.	Republic of {India}	Geography
q1128_2	One character in this work is demoted upon releasing his female prisoner; he later returns a gold coin to its owner. That character professes his love to his ex-prisoner in the "Flower Song, who is also serenaded in the bullfighter Escamillo's (ESS-kah-MEE-yo's) "Toreador Song."	Carmen	Fine Arts

q999_4

J.M.W. Turner painted one of these things before it was to be "broken up" in his The Fighting Temeraire. A black man stands in a small brown one of these things in a Winslow Homer painting. A John Copley painting showing many of these includes a group of people on one of them as Brook Watson is being rescued from a (*) shark attack. For 10 points, name these sea vessels which are often shown in naval war scenes.

{boats} or {ships} [accept {warships;} accept {sea vessels} before it is mentioned]

Fine Arts

q1506_2

The density parameter for the non-relativistic form of this falls off with the cube of the scale factor. This substance dominated the universe from approximately 75,000 years after the Big-Bang until about 4 billion years ago.

matter

Science

q1366_3

A December 2012 agreement between this country's National Action, Democratic Revolution, and Institutional Revolutionary Parties led to constitutional amendments in 2013. The last of those parties is headed by (*) Enrique Peña Nieto [en-REE-kay PAY-nya nee-AY-toe], who replaced Felipe [fay-LEE-pay] Calderon as president. For 10 points, name this country that recently experienced an increase in drug-related violence and that shares a long border with the United States.

Los Estados Unidos de {México} [or {United Mexican States}]

Trash

q5689_2

This body contains an unusually reflective equatorial region known as Xanadu. It is in a 3:4 orbital resonance with Hyperion.

Titan

Science

q3001_1

This man defeated Caleb Boggs in a 1972 Senate election; the following month his wife and daughter were killed in an accident.

({Joseph} Robinette) {\"Joe\" Biden}

Trash

q415_3

In this game, one can play the Ruy (“ROY”) Lopez or the Dragon Sicilian. ELO rankings were first computed for competitors in this game, whose special moves include the en passant (“AHN pah-SAHN”) capture and castling. Pieces that move in an L-shape in this game are called knights.

chess

Fine Arts

q148_1

In one novel written in this language, Adso of Melk and William of Baskerville solve a murder mystery at a monastery.

Italian [accept Italiano or Lingua italiana]

Literature

q3219_3

R. A. Fisher suggested this scientist falsified data because of the exactness of his ratios, and his most significant paper was Experiments in Plant Hybridization. One result of this man's work was the law of independent assortment, discovered by examining traits like tall vs. dwarf and round vs. wrinkled. For 10 points, name this biologist and monk whose breeding of pea plants led to the basic principles of heredity.

Gregor Johann {Mendel}

Science

q634_1

This mountain range is home to the threatened spectacled bear, and large silver mines were found near this range's city of Potosí.

the {Andes}

Geography

q1113_2

This character feels nauseous at the sight of blue oatmeal and befriends Yard Ape. She ends a book report with the line, "I can't believe I ate the whole thing."

{Ramona Quimby} [or Ramona Quimby; prompt on Quimby]

Literature

q2402_1

The fundamental units in these body parts work according to the sliding-filament hypothesis and are called sarcomeres.

muscles

Science

q692_4

Creations of this type include Roland Barthes's (BART'S) "Death of the Author." Supporting details and examples are found in body paragraphs in this type of writing, genres of which include process, descriptive, argumentative, and compare-and-contrast. A five-paragraph type of these is frequently assigned in high schools. For 10 points, name this type of non-fiction writing that seeks to prove a thesis statement.

{essays} [prompt on {papers;} prompt on {prose;} prompt on {non}-{fiction;} do not accept or prompt on "article"; do not accept or prompt on "report"]

Literature

q634_3

This mountain range is home to the threatened spectacled bear, and large silver mines were found near this range's city of Potosí. The farthest point on the surface from Earth's center is this range's Chimborazo. Its highest peak is (*) Aconcagua, and it is home to Lake Titicaca.

the {Andes}

Geography

q2066_2

The god of war worshipped by these people was born from the union of a ball of feathers and Coatlicue (co-AHT-lee-KWAY). This people settled down in the place where they found an eagle, on a cactus, eating a snake.

{Aztecs} [prompt on {Mexicans}]

Mythology

q294_4

This state's ski resort of Lake Placid, the site of the 1980 Winter Olympics, and its highest point, Mount Marcy, are both located in the Adirondack Mountains. In the 19th century, its growth was aided by the Erie Canal, which brought settlers west from the Hudson River valley. This state's largest city is composed of five boroughs, including Staten Island, Queens, and the Bronx. For 10 points, name this Empire State.

New York

Geography

q1518_4

This city is where Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man works at the Liberty Paint Company. George Selden wrote about a cricket in one of this city's major public spaces. The Great Gatsby takes place in this city where Percy Jackson visits the Metropolitan Museum of Art. This city is where Stuart Little races boats in Central Park.

New York City

Literature

q1094_2

Iron-56 dominates the spectra of absorption lines for one class of these phenomena, which are caused by white dwarves exceeding the Chandrasekhar limit. An inert nickel-iron core in a star leads to one on account of a lack of degeneracy pressure.

{supernovae} [or {supernovas;} prompt on {stellar collapse;} do not accept or prompt on \"nova\"]

Science

q4931_4

Gamma-tubulin (TOO-byoo-lin) is needed to activate centrosomes in this phase, which follows the G2 checkpoint. One of these phases in meiosis includes synapsis (sin-APP-sis) and the crossing over of homologous chromosomes. Asters form during this phase that sees the disappearance of the nucleolus (noo-klee-OH-luss) and the growth of spindle fibers. For 10 points, name this phase of mitosis in which chromatin condenses into chromosomes prior to metaphase.

prophase [accept prophase I; prompt on meiosis until read; prompt on mitosis until "meiosis" is read but do not accept or prompt on it afterwards]

Science

q1995_1

One of this author's characters kills his rival Spitz while working for Francois (frahn-SWAH) and Perrault (pair-OHL).

Jack {London}

Literature

q3332_1

Stomach acid consists mainly of a compound of hydrogen and this element.

{Chlorine} or {Cl}

Science

q1531_4

Several "pancake domes" mark the surface of this body, whose other features include the Gula Mons and Sif Mons mountains. The spacecraft Vega 1 and 2 landed on this body. Due to a runaway greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature on this body is over seven hundred degrees Kelvin. For 10 points, name this home of Ishtar Terra, the most similar planet to Earth.

Venus

Science

q3_1

The winning side of this battle had its main position at Henry House Hill.

{First} Battle of {Bull Run} [or {First} Battle of {Manassas;} prompt on {Bull} Run; prompt on {Manassas}]

History

q2541_2

When this substance is used, it often leaves behind a liquid with naphthalene and various phenols. The lowest rank of this type of substance, formed from peat, is lignite, while higher grades are classified as anthracite or the bituminous type.

{coal}

Science

q2365_3

In one novel by this author, Robert Cohn and Jake Barnes both pursue Lady Brett Ashley as they travel through Spain. In another novel by this author, Catherine loves an American soldier fighting in World War I, Frederic Henry. In one of this man's novellas, (*) Santiago goes eighty-four days without catching a fish.

Ernest Hemingway

Literature

q92_1

The Panspermia theory holds that life first developed on these objects.

comets

Science

q4832_5

This father of Kebechet had a cult centered at Cynopolis. This Egyptian god was associated with the Greek deity Hermes because of their similar roles. His mother is given as either Bast or Nephthys, and he predates one of his potential fathers, Osiris, as god of the underworld. This god weighs the heart of the dead against Ma'at's (MAHT's) feather. For 10 points, identify this jackal-headed Egyptian god of mummification.

{Anubis} [or {Inpu;} or {Anpu;} or {Anup;} or {Ienpw}]

Mythology

q813_2

This force allows accelerated rolling motion down an incline by producing a net torque on the object. In general, this nonconservative force is equal to the normal force times mu, its namesake coefficient, and it converts kinetic energy into internal energy.

friction

Science

q4945_2

Ribosome subunits pass through pores in this structure's namesake envelope and are produced in one part of it. In one kind of cloning, this organelle is transferred into an egg that lacks one.

nucleus

Science

q1659_2

In one novel, this writer depicted Ratcliffe's impressment of a character who is accused by John Claggart of fomenting a mutiny before being hanged by Edward Fairfax Vere. This writer also wrote about Starbuck, Queequeg (“KWEE-kwaig”), and Ishmael, shipmates on the Pequod dragged into Ahab's obsession with pursuing a white whale.

Herman Melville

Literature

q1497_3

The protagonist of this novel suffers a head wound when asking for news from a retreating column. His friend Wilson cares for that head wound after his return to camp, a kindness the protagonist had not shown for the "Tattered Man" and Jim Conklin after they earned the titular mark. For 10 points, identify this novel that follows Henry Fleming as he participates in the Civil War, a work by Stephen Crane.

The Red Badge of Courage

Literature

q1833_1

The hormone ethylene causes the abscission of these structures, which have palisade and spongy mesophyll layers.

leaf [or leaves]

Science

q5790_2

A group of genes coding for lactose breakdown, known as the lac operon, was first discovered in this model organism. Although it is not Shigella, shiga toxins are produced in virulent strains of this organism such as its serotype O157:H7.

Escherichia {coli} [prompt on Bacillus coli communis]

Science

q3001_3

This man defeated Caleb Boggs in a 1972 Senate election; the following month his wife and daughter were killed in an accident. In 2013, he and John Lewis led a re-enactment of the Selma civil rights march, and in 2012 he said on national television, "With all due respect, that's a bunch of (*) malarkey." He now heads a Gun Violence Task Force.

({Joseph} Robinette) {\"Joe\" Biden}

Trash

q3657_2

The University of Breslau gave this composer of 21 Hungarian Dances an honorary doctorate degree; he returned the favor by composing the Academic Festival Overture. One of his works replaces the Latin text with verses from the Lutheran Bible, and his 1st Symphony is so heavily inspired by (*) Beethoven that it's often called "Beethoven's Tenth."

Johannes {Brahms}

Fine Arts

q1280_1

This element is the most malleable and ductile metal.

gold [or Au until mentioned]

Science

q1377_2

A Sanskrit group of these writings is found in the Panchatantra (PAHN-chah-THAN-trah). Marianne Moore translated a collection of these writings by Jean de la Fontaine.

fables [prompt on tales or stories or similar answers before "stories" is read]

Literature

q130_2

This nation's cities include Pleiku in the Central Highlands and the port of Haiphong on the Gulf of Tonkin near the Red River delta. The Mekong River also has its delta in this country, south of Ho Chi Minh City, formerly known as Saigon.

Socialist Republic of {Vietnam} (or {Cong Hoa Xa Hoi Chu Nghia Viet Nam})

Geography

q1455_1

After initiation into the Khalsa (KAHL-sah) in this religion, adherents must wear a wooden comb, known as the "kanga"(KAHN-gah), and a steel bracelet, known as the "kara" (KAH-rah), which are two of the five K's.

Sikhism

Religion

q963_1

While travelling back to his hometown, this man solves a riddle with the answer of “man.”

{Oedipus}

Literature

q1481_3

One of these musical works features a harpsichord cadenza that was probably played by J.S. Bach at its premiere. Bela Bartok wrote one of these works for Orchestra. Vivaldi's hundreds of these works include The Four Seasons, and Mozart wrote a (*) double one for flute and harp.

concerto [accept Brandenburg Concerto(s) before \"Bela Bartok\" is mentioned]

Fine Arts

q1143_1

A building in this city contained as many as 17,000 stone seats and a circular proscenium, and an annual festival in this city included a competition between three writers of tragedies and satyr plays.

Athens [or Athenai]

History

q213_1

Richard Mentor Johnson's political career was helped by the belief that he personally killed this man at the Battle of the Thames (TEMS).

Tecumseh [accept Tecumtha; accept Tekamthi]

History

q662_2

A rebellion in this state for electoral rights was led by Thomas Dorr. The HMS Gaspee was burned off its coast.

State of {Rhode Island} and {Providence} Plantations

History

q1503_5

In this play, one character sends Reynoldo to spy on his son. The title character of this play mourns a "fellow of infinite jest," Yorick, in this play's "graveyard scene." The protagonist tells one character to "get thee to a nunnery" before he kills her father, (*) Polonius. That character later drowns and is named Ophelia. One famous scene from this play contains the line "To be or not to be."

Hamlet

Literature

q1418_2

This man's ship was saved from destruction after Orpheus used his lyre to drown out the Sirens' singing. This man plowed a field with bronze, fire-breathing bulls and then sowed the teeth of a dragon into that field in order to retrieve an item that was made from the (*) ram that saved Phrixus and Helle.

Jason [or {Iason}]

Mythology

q175_1

At the end of this story, the title object is revealed to be worth at most five hundred francs.

“The {Necklace}” [or “La {Parure}”]

Literature

q702_3

In rotational motion, this quantity can be obtained by taking one half of the moment of inertia times the angular velocity squared. In an elastic collision, both momentum and this quantity are conserved. It equals one half times mass times velocity squared.

kinetic energy [accept KE; accept kinetic energy after "energy"]

Science

q1399_3

This person's visit to Fort Bragg caused a stir when the press was denied entry to a book tour for Going Rogue. This person resigned from the position of Governor of the state closest to Russia shortly after a campaign loss in the most recent general election. Tina Fey did a notable impression of, for 10 points, what unsuccessful vice presidential candidate who ran alongside John McCain in 2008?

Sarah {Palin}

Trash

q1401_3

Two people voted for Allen West instead of voting to keep this man in his current position in 2013. Some conservatives accused him of violating the so-called Hastert Rule in 2013 when he allowed votes on Hurricane Sandy relief and the (*) Violence Against Women Act. For 10 points, name this Republican who sat behind President Obama during the State of the Union, the current Speaker of the House.

John Boehner [prompt on \"Speaker of the House\" or \"House Speaker\"]

History

q2549_4

The Aufbau (“OUF-bou”) principle explains how these particles are placed in their “shells.” The discovery of these particles in cathode rays by J.J. Thomson led him to formulate the plum pudding model. The charge on one of these particles is also known as the fundamental charge. In the Bohr model of the atom, these particles orbit the nucleus.

{electrons}

Science

q43_5

This state contains the Tongass National Forest and the "Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes." The Alexander Archipelago is on one side of its "Inside Passage;" on the other side is this state's panhandle. The Brooks Range is an extension of the Rocky Mountains into this state. This state's city of Wasilla (wuh-SILL-uh) is a suburb of its largest city, Anchorage. For 10 points, name this largest and northernmost U.S. state.

Alaska

Geography

q2850_1

One figure in this religion wears three wedding bands to symbolize her marriages to Agwe, Dumballah, and Ogoun.

{Voodoo} [accept {Vodun} or {Vodou} or {Vodoun} or {Vaudou} or {Vaudoux}]

Religion

q450_1

Paul Whiteman's band premiered this work at "An Experiment in Modern Music," after which its composer wrote out the solo piano part he'd improvised.

\"Rhapsody in Blue\"

Fine Arts

q1772_1

A cleaning technique often used on jewelry uses this type of wave to produce bubbles.

ultrasonic frequencies [or ultrasound; prompt on \"sound\" waves or \"longitudinal\" waves before \"sound wave\" is mentioned]

Science

q1884_3

In nerve cells, this process is used to maintain the electrical membrane potential, and this process is also used to load sap into plant phloem. Most animal cells achieve this process with a sodium-potassium pump that is powered by ATP, while (*) phagocytosis of solid particles is another form of it. Used to move substances against the concentration gradient, for 10 points, name this transport process that requires energy.

{active} transport

Science

q1284_4

In one work by this author, Georgiana dies after Aylmer manages to remove the title blemish. In another work, the title character witnesses his wife Faith and other townspeople dancing. In his most famous novel, the titular object is worn by Hester Prynne as punishment for committing adultery. For 10 points, name this author of "The Birthmark," "Young Goodman Brown," and The Scarlet Letter.

Nathaniel {Hawthorne}

Literature

q12393_4

The “straw” form of this practice is unscientific and the “push” form of this is really just a campaign tactic designed to attack an opponent in disguise. Most important to politicians in the midst of a campaign are the “exit” form and “tracking” forms. They require some form of a random sample and carefully worded questions in order to be accurate. For 10 points, what is a survey used to measure public opinion called?

{polls} [or {polling}]

Social Science

q7377_3

This nation's breakup was achieved by the actions of Milan Kucan (mee-LAHN koo-CHAHN) and Franjo Tudman (FRAHN-yoh TOOJ-mahn), and led to war crimes charges against Radovan Karadzic (RAH-duh-vahn kuh-RAH-jich) and Slobodan Milosevic (SLOH-buh-dahn muh-LOH-suh-vich). For almost half of its history, Marshal Tito was the leader of this country, part of which became Serbia and Montenegro after both Croatia and Slovenia declared independence. For 10 points, identify this Balkan nation that broke apart in the early 1990s.

Yugoslavia

Social Science

q6926_3

This world leader ordered that people who hide cell phones should be shot, and in February 2013 it was discovered that he uses a Taiwanese HTC phone. A speech he recorded in early 2013 surprised listeners by not calling for US troop withdrawals, though in 2012 he claimed his (*) nuclear missiles could reach the US mainland. For 10 points, name this son of the recently deceased Kim Jong-il, the current Supreme Leader of North Korea.

{Kim Jong}-{un} [prompt on partial answer]

Social Science

q2407_1

The second king of this country, who started the International African Association and worked with Henry Stanley to establish a colony called the Congo Free State, was Leopold II.

Kingdom of {Belgium}

History

q2837_2

His opposition to harsh retaliation after the sinking of the Lusitania caused this politician to resign as Woodrow Wilson's Secretary of State. This man argued against Clarence Darrow in the Scopes Monkey Trial.

William Jennings Bryan

History

q2277_1

The Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini was written from twenty-four caprices originally written for this instrument.

{violin} [prompt on {fiddle}]

Fine Arts

q2710_3

Genes related to this condition include the c-sis and p53 genes. The human papillomavirus (pahp-uh- LOH-muh-veye-ruhs), HPV, can cause one form of this disease, which is known as a sarcoma when it affects connective tissue and a melanoma if affects the skin. Metastasis (muh-TAS-tuh-sis) refers to the spread of this disease to other organs.

cancer

Science

q1506_4

The density parameter for the non-relativistic form of this falls off with the cube of the scale factor. This substance dominated the universe from approximately 75,000 years after the Big-Bang until about 4 billion years ago. Deviations in the expected orbital speed of galaxies suggests the presence of the (*) "dark" form of this. When it has the same mass but opposite charge and spin, it is deemed "anti."

matter

Science

q463_4

This figure's father was struck dumb for his disbelief after being told that his wife Elizabeth would conceive this figure. He taught that “he who hath two coats” should “give to him who hath none.” Salome (“SAL-oh-may”) asked Herod for this figure's head on a platter. He gained his epithet for an action which he performed with water, but another would perform with the Holy Spirit.

{John} the Baptist

Religion

q1562_4

The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that every positive integer can be uniquely represented as a product of these numbers. Special types of these numbers are named after Fermat (“fur-MAHT”) and Mersenne (“mur-SEN”). To find these numbers, one may use the Sieve of Eratosthenes (air-uh-TOSS- then-eez”), in which one crosses off all multiples of two, then all multiples of three, and so on. For 10 points, give these numbers whose only factors are one and themselves.

{prime} numbers [or {primes}]

Science

q832_1

This text was written down by Sahabas (sah-HAH-bahs) after the death of the leader that received it.

Qur'an [or Koran]

Literature

q3390_2

The Diprotodon was the largest member of this taxonomic group known to exist, while its last big carnivore, the thylacine, went extinct in the Hobart Zoo. Burrowers in this infraclass, such as wombats, have a namesake feature opening to the rear.

{Marsupial} [or {Marsupialia}]

Science

q874_1

This artwork was painted over a previous decoration of gold stars on a blue sky.

{ceiling} of the {Sistine Chapel} [prompt on {Sistine Chapel}]

Fine Arts

q60_3

This country was officially recognized in the Lateran Treaties of 1929. It has extraterritorial authority over Castel Gandolfo. Places of interest in this country include the Sistine Chapel and Saint Peter's Square and Basilica.

State of the {Vatican City} [accept {Holy See;} accept {Santa Sede;} accept {Stato della Citta} del {Vaticano}]

Geography

q864_1

In April 2011 this country announced it was "for rent," eight years after its Head of State, Hans Adam II, joked about selling it to Bill Gates and renaming it Microsoft.

Principality of {Liechtenstein} [or {Fuerstentum Liechtenstein}]

Geography

q2050_4

One character in this book describes himself as the "shortest giant" and "tallest midget." The protagonist is instructed to follow a line forever and then turn left to find infinity. The protagonist is accompanied by Tock and the Humbug in a quest to rescue Rhyme and Reason from the Castle in the Air. (*) For 10 points, name this Norton Juster novel about Milo, who drives his toy car through the title object.

The Phantom Tollbooth

Literature

q1719_4

In this state in 2013, researchers announced that they had cured a two-year-old girl of HIV. Marco McMillan, one of its towns' mayoral candidates who was openly homosexual, was found murdered in February 2013. Also in 2013, this state finally (*) ratified the 13th Amendment banning slavery. For 10 points, name this state with military bases at Gulfport and Biloxi whose capital is Jackson.

Mississippi

Trash

q354_3

One famous work for this instrument is Caprice No. 24 by Paganini (pag-uh-NEE-nee). In Berlioz's (BER-lee-ohz) Symphonie Fantastique (fan-tas-TEEK), a head bouncing from a guillotine is depicted by this instrument playing pizzicato (PITZ-ee-KAH-toe). The concertmaster of an orchestra is the first chair of this instrument, several of which were crafted by Stradivarius.

violin

Fine Arts

q3310_1

This artist referenced his sister's tuberculosis in his The Sick Child, part of a series called The Frieze of Life.

Edvard {Munch} [MOONK]

Trash

q3131_3

The period of a spring is given by two pi times the square root of this quantity over the spring constant. Heat transfer is equal to the specific heat times the change in temperature times this quantity. A "rest" type is multiplied by the square of the speed of light to give energy.

{mass} [accept {inertia} before \"m\" is read; prompt on m before mentioned]

Science

q5093_4

The uniform probability distribution takes this shape. Rotating this shape using one of its sides as an axis yields a cylinder. This shape is traced out by the x-axis, the y-axis, and the equations x equals two and y equals six. Each diagonal of this kind of quadrilateral divides it into two congruent right triangles.

{rectangles} [do not accept or prompt on "square"]

Science

q874_4

This artwork was painted over a previous decoration of gold stars on a blue sky. Sibyls and Prophets surround its nine central panels, which depict scenes from the Book of Genesis. This painting's bestknown section shows a man reaching out and almost touching fingers with God. The artist stood on a scaffold to paint, for 10 points, what large fresco that includes The Creation of Adam, a work of Michelangelo?

{ceiling} of the {Sistine Chapel} [prompt on {Sistine Chapel}]

Fine Arts

q4816_5

These objects are often responsible for the formation of "rock flour." When these objects retreat, they often create eskers and drumlins and leave moraines. They often create "v" and "u" shaped (*) valleys along with fjords. When these objects break apart, they form icebergs and can create large crevasses in their surface. For 10 points, name these large bodies of moving ice.

glaciers

Science

q32_1

When one of this state's senators, Mel Martinez, did not seek reelection, George LeMieux (leh-MEW) was appointed to that position.

Florida

Geography

q1571_3

A pressure associated with this process is a colligative (“co-LIG-uh-tiv”) property proportional to mass and temperature, and is defined as the hydrostatic (“HY-dro-STAT-ick”) pressure necessary to counteract this process. A “reverse” form of this process is sometimes used to purify water. For 10 points, name this movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

{osmosis} [prompt on {diffusion}]

Science

q2005_4

This country's northwest is home to the Islamic Uighur (WEE-gur) people. The leader of another religion from this country described the "Five Great Relationships" and listed virtues like "reciprocity" and "culture" in one of the "Four Books." Adherents of a third religion from this country follow the practice of "no action," or wu wei. For 10 points, identify this country home to Confucianism and Daoism.

{China} [or {People's Republic} of {China;} do not accept or prompt on "Republic of China"]

Religion

q2565_2

During this battle, Senlac Hill was the site of a defensive position set up by housecarls. The losing side's forces had been weakened in a previous battle against Harold Hardrada at Stamford Bridge.

Battle of Hastings

History

q992_2

This person from Gath defied the armies of Israel, demanding a fight to the death with one person under the condition that the winner's side would enslave the loser's side. He is finally challenged in the book of First Samuel Chapter 17 by the son of (*) Jesse, who was then a servant to Saul.

Goliath

Mythology

q7377_2

This nation's breakup was achieved by the actions of Milan Kucan (mee-LAHN koo-CHAHN) and Franjo Tudman (FRAHN-yoh TOOJ-mahn), and led to war crimes charges against Radovan Karadzic (RAH-duh-vahn kuh-RAH-jich) and Slobodan Milosevic (SLOH-buh-dahn muh-LOH-suh-vich). For almost half of its history, Marshal Tito was the leader of this country, part of which became Serbia and Montenegro after both Croatia and Slovenia declared independence.

Yugoslavia

Social Science

q194_5

After this god's son brought Hippolytus back to life, Asclepius was killed by Zeus. Along with his sister, he killed Niobe's seven sons. He slew the dragon Python and established the Oracle of Delphi at the place where it died. This son of Leto pursued the nymph (*) Daphne, only for her to turn into a laurel tree. For 10 points, name this Greek god of archery, music, and light whose twin sister was Artemis.

Apollo

Mythology

q3032_3

This politician responded to Francois Barbe-Marbois in his Notes on the State of Virginia. This man founded the University of Virginia and designed the mansion of Monticello.. This president sent the Lewis and Clark expedition and authorized the (*) Louisiana Purchase.

Thomas Jefferson

History

q3127_5

The density of this quantity is equal to electrical field times conductivity. The integral of the magnetic field is proportional to this quantity by Ampere's Law. For a diode, this is proportional to the exponential voltage. Ohm's Law states that voltage is equal to this quantity times resistance. For 10 points, name this quantity measured in amperes, the amount of charge flowing through a point over time.

{current} [or {I}]

Science

q1922_1

This man was the first to institute retirement and disability benefits.

Otto von Bismarck

History

q3203_3

The trial in this novel is presided over by Lucas de Beaumanoir. One character in this novel, Brian de Bois-Gilbert, captures the daughter of Isaac of York named Rebecca. Athelstane disclaims the daughter of Cedric the Saxon named Lady Rowena, who marries the title character at the end of this novel.

Ivanhoe

Literature

q1633_3

During the seventh of these events, King Louis IX of France was captured in the Nile Delta. The fourth one was diverted to Constantinople with the help of the Doge of Venice. At the Council of Clermont (“Claremont”), Pope Urban II called for the first one, which recaptured Jerusalem in 1099.

{Crusades}

History

q3116_2

In this work, a floating female carries a flame lit lamp and a soldier is clutching a broken sword from where a flower is growing. This work also has a distraught horse in the background and a bull standing over a woman, who is grieving over a dead child.

Guernica

Fine Arts

q5040_1

This type of respiration takes place when limited oxygen is available.

{fermentation} [accept word forms; prompt on {\"anaerobic\" respiration}]

Science

q1708_2

At the end of this novel, one character briefly reunites with her mother Gudule (“guh-DOOL”). Also at the end of this novel, Fleur-de-lys (“FLEWER-de-lee”) marries that character's lover Phoebus de Chateaupers (“FEE-bus deh SHAT-oh-per”).

The {Hunchback of Notre Dame}

Literature

q1801_2

A dog barks at a drummer in the lower left of this painting. One of the two central figures is dressed in bright yellow, matching the girl with the chicken in her belt.

The {Nightwatch} [or De {Nachtwacht} ; or The {Shooting Company} of Captain Franz Banning

Fine Arts

q10272_3

In this film, a priest's rhotacism causes him to pronounce the word "marriage" incorrectly. One character lists two classic blunders, getting involved in a land war in Asia, and having a battle of wits with a Sicilian. The main character later reveals his identity while rolling down a hill by saying, (*) "As you wish."

The Princess Bride

Trash

q1681_4

One of the title characters in this story tells his father he is looking back at his white cat sitting on the roof. In this story, the stepmother plans to leave the title characters in the forest. This ends with the title characters going home after shoving an old (*) woman in an oven. For 10 points, name this Brothers Grimm story about siblings who find a house made of bread, cake, and sugar.

\"Hansel and Gretel\" [or \"Hansel und Gretel\"]

Literature

q1770_3

One character in this play states, "Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player." Minor characters in this play include the thanes Ross and Lennox. The title character begins this play as the Thane of Glamis ["glahmz"].

Macbeth

Literature

q264_4

In 2011 this country and a country it almost entirely surrounds agreed to an exchange of border enclaves. Cuisine from this country includes the "tandoori" style of cooking and the use of curry. The Arabian Sea is to this country's west; to its east lies the Bay of Bengal. For 10 points, name this country that nearly surrounds Bangladesh and disputes the Kashmir and Punjab regions with Pakistan.

Republic of {India}

Geography

q1128_2

One character in this work is demoted upon releasing his female prisoner; he later returns a gold coin to its owner. That character professes his love to his ex-prisoner in the "Flower Song, who is also serenaded in the bullfighter Escamillo's (ESS-kah-MEE-yo's) "Toreador Song."

Carmen

Fine Arts