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673961

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel%20William%20Taylor

Nathaniel William Taylor

Nathaniel William Taylor (June 23, 1786 – March 10, 1858) was an influential Protestant Theologian of the early 19th century, whose major contribution to the Christian faith (and to American religious history), known as the New Haven theology or Taylorism, was to line up historical Calvinism with the religious revivalism of the time (The Second Great Awakening). A graduate of Yale College, he returned to found the school's first independent division, the Theological Department, an institution which later became the Yale Divinity School. Biography Born in 1786 to a rich and religious family in Connecticut, Taylor entered Yale College when only 14 (1800) but could not graduate until 1807 because of an eye problem. He was a son of Nathaniel and Anna (née Northrup) Taylor. While studying there, Taylor was heavily influenced by the revivalist president of Yale, Timothy Dwight (grandson of Jonathan Edwards). In the years after his graduation, Taylor studied theology, worked as Dwight's secretary, and, after ordination, became the minister of the First Church of New Haven in 1812. Family Influence on Calvinist theology during the Second Great Awakening While Taylor himself was not an evangelist, his sympathy for revivalism during a time when revivals were breaking out ensured that he had a major influence upon the core beliefs of revivalists and the churches that were created from them. The Second Great Awakening, despite its scope and power, was opposed by the more established church, especially Episcopalians and "Old Calvinists", but also the growing Unitarian movement. After Taylor had been appointed Professor of Didactic Theology at Yale in 1822, he used his influence to publicly support the revivalist movement and defend its beliefs and practices against opponents. Influence on Calvinistic doctrines From his position at Yale, Taylor repudiated Calvinistic Determinism - the idea that the works of God alone are responsible for all activities in the universe. He did this to preserve the ideal of human freedom, mainly because he believed that determinism contradicted freedom and was thus immoral. Since God could not be immoral, then Determinism could not be possible for a loving, perfect Deity. The repudiation of determinism was followed by further changes to Calvinistic doctrines such as Revelation, Human Depravity, God's Sovereignty, Christ's Atonement and Regeneration. Both Taylor and Dwight are credited with the creation of "New Haven Theology", which appealed to both Congregationalists and New School Presbyterians and who found traditional Calvinism difficult to embrace. Naturally, both Taylor and New Haven Theology were vigorously opposed by Old Calvinists, especially Charles Hodge from Princeton Seminary. Taylor's modification of Calvinism not only drew their ire, but prompted many of them to declare that Taylor's system was not Calvinism at all, but Arminian and even Pelagian. Influence on Charles Finney Taylor's influence is important when examining the ministry of Charles Grandison Finney, arguably, the best known evangelist during the Second Great Awakening. While it would certainly not be accurate to say that "Taylor's theology was preached in Finney's ministry", both men came to prominence at about the same time and a comparison of the written works of both men shows much in common, especially in the areas that differed with "Old Calvinism". Much of Taylor's theology (described below) is similar to that preached by Finney. Taylor, however, was never a proponent of "perfectionism" - the belief that it was possible (and therefore desirable) for Christians to live a sinless and obedient life. While Finney's influence in revivalism was important, it was Taylor and the New Haven theology that prevailed in New England churches. A Summary of Taylor's Theology Original Sin: All men are lost but Adam's sin was not imputed to anyone, nor is depravity defined by a physical flaw within human nature. Although a person will sin with certainty, sin is the act of free choice. A sinner is therefore morally responsible for their own sin rather than being physically enslaved by the sin of Adam. God's Sovereignty: God does not determine the destiny of all men through election, nor does he determine the events of our world. Instead he has created a moral universe and will judge its inhabitants. "God promotes moral action by a system of means and ends in which man can respond to ethical appeals for repentance." (Hoffecker) The Atonement: Taylor repudiated the view that Christ died upon the cross as a direct sin sacrifice for the sins of Christians. Instead, he taught that Christ's death is the means by which God can urge sinners to freely turn from their sin and be converted, especially when presented with the benefits and privileges that a godly life can bestow upon them. A note on "Self Love" - the term used by Taylor to denote a natural part of man's being, whereby a person has a natural desire for happiness that motivates all choices and which will manifest itself in Godly repentance when given the opportunity. This is based on the belief that the Christian life, if understood, would be so attractive, wonderful and beneficial for the person that his or her natural inclination would be to convert, something within his or her power to do according to this theology. "Old Calvinist" objections to Taylor's teachings Hodge and others felt that Taylor's teachings were so seriously wrong that they were not so much Arminian, but Pelagian in character. In practical terms, traditional Calvinists have not only rejected Taylor's teachings as erroneous, but also heretical. Even today, many Calvinists, when confronted with Taylor's teachings, will conclude that he had departed from the true Christian faith. Those who held to Taylor's beliefs, including, most notably, Charles Finney, were similarly heterodox. Taylor's New England Theology was put on trial in Albert Barnes and Lyman Beecher, who were both accused of heresy by Old School Calvinists. Albert Barnes was acquitted of heresy charges and found orthodox by the Synod of Philadelphia. Lyman Beecher was acquitted of heresy charges and found orthodox by the Synod of Cincinnati. Thus, Taylor's New Haven Theology, New School Theology, or New Divinity was declared an orthodox Christian theology. At the heart of this objection is Taylor's view of the atonement. Many Christians believe that Christ's death upon the cross was as a sin-substitute, whereby the sins of mankind were imputed to Christ, who was punished for our sins in our place. Martin Luther went as far as to say that Christ became the worst sinner in the universe. Christ's righteousness, or his perfection, was then imputed to all believers. Consequently, God no longer sees believers as they really are but is blinded by imputed righteousness. For many Christians, this belief is the cornerstone of the Christian faith. Yet Taylor explicitly denied this view. Taylorism versus Tylerism Within the Congregational church at the time, a theological split occurred between those who advocated New Haven theology and those who adhered to more conservative beliefs. Bennet Tyler led this split against Taylor and set up The East Windsor Theological Seminary in opposition to the New Haven theology espoused by Taylor at Yale. Though less in disagreement with the teachings of Samuel Hopkins, Tylerism was vigorously opposed to what were perceived to be serious errors in New Haven thinking. At the time, such objections to Taylor's theology were considered an attack upon a part of the revivalist movement. Thus the "enemy" of revivalism was understood to be the established churches, especially those that embraced and taught strict Calvinism. It was perhaps this situation that led to many revivalist movements (and later Fundamentalist and Evangelical movements) being separated from confessional and Calvinist churches—thus solidifying Arminian belief. Taylor and the Decline of New England Congregationalism It has been argued by Angus Steward that the New Haven theology advocated by Taylor (and others) led to the New England Congregational churches being more open and amenable to the theological liberalism that influenced many mainline denominations in the late 19th century, an influence that is still being felt today. While this may seem a harsh judgment—especially considering Taylor's support of revivalism and the ensuing "conversion" experience that accompanies it—Steward maintains that Taylor and other proponents of New Haven theology deliberately abandoned teachings that were, up to that time, considered an essential part of traditional Calvinist Theology; by questioning and abandoning these beliefs, a historical precedent was made which allowed future generations to be more influenced by teachings which went further in denying other Calvinist teachings. As mainline Protestant denominations that have been historically dominated by Liberal Christianity have declined in number and influence over time, Steward holds that New England Congregationalism suffered the same fate: Influenced by Taylor's rejection of "Old Calvinism" and embracing Liberal theology, with, unlike in the Southern Baptist Convention, no Fundamentalist reaction, one of America's most historically significant church groups is thus no longer a dominant force in American Christianity. Notes Sources Some of this article has been based upon W. A. Hoffecker, "Taylor, Nathaniel William", in W. A. Elwell (ed). Evangelical Dictionary of Theology, Grand Rapids, Baker, 1990. External links Yale Honours Taylor 1786 births 1858 deaths American theologians American evangelicals Christian revivalists Yale College alumni Yale Divinity School faculty

675453

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Davis%20%28philosopher%29

Michael Davis (philosopher)

Michael Davis (born 6 February 1943) is an American philosopher specializing in professional ethics. He is Professor of Philosophy at the Illinois Institute of Technology, and Senior Fellow at its Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions. Davis is the author of several books, including Accountability in the Professions (1995), Profession, Code, and Ethics (2002), and Engineering Ethics (2005). Background Davis received his PhD in 1972 from the University of Michigan for a dissertation entitled "Representation and Consent: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Political Obligation." Before moving to the Illinois Institute of Technology in 1986, he taught at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois State University, and Case Western Reserve University. Research interests Davis's work in engineering ethics has won him four large grants from the National Science Foundation and an entry in Who's Who in Science and Engineering. His papers on whistleblowing and conflict of interest are often reprinted. He is the author of eight books and almost 200 articles and chapters, and editor (or co-editor) of five other books. Bibliography with Frederick Elliston, Ethics and the Legal Profession (Prometheus Books, 1986) To Make the Punishment Fit the Crime (Westview Press, 1992) with Elliot D. Cohen, AIDS: Crisis in Professional Ethics (Temple University Press, 1994) Accountability in the Professions (1995) Justice in the Shadow of Death: Rethinking Capital and Lesser Punishments (Rowman & Littlefield, 1996) Thinking like an Engineer (Oxford University Press, 1998) Ethics and the University (Routledge, 1999) with Andrew Stark, Conflict of Interest in the Professions (Oxford University Press, 2001) Profession, Code, and Ethics (Ashgate, 2002) Actual Social Contract and Political Obligation (Edwin Mellen Press, 2002) Engineering Ethics (Ashgate, 2005) Code Writing: How Software Engineering Became a Profession (Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions, 2007) with Elliot D. Cohen and Frederick Elliston, Ethics and the Legal Profession, 2nd ed (Prometheus Book, 2009) Thinking like an Engineer: Studies in the Ethics of a Profession (Zhejiang University Press, 2012) The Architect’s Professional Ethics: Readings and Problems (forthcoming) See also American philosophy List of American philosophers Notes External links IIT faculty page 1943 births American philosophers Illinois Institute of Technology faculty Illinois State University alumni Living people Professional ethics University of Michigan alumni

676902

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Taylor%20Gilman

John Taylor Gilman

John Taylor Gilman (December 19, 1753September 1, 1828) was a farmer, shipbuilder and statesman from Exeter, New Hampshire. He represented New Hampshire in the Continental Congress in 1782–1783 and was the fifth governor of New Hampshire for 14 years, from 1794 to 1805, and from 1813 to 1816. Early life Gilman was born in Exeter, in the Province of New Hampshire, the son of Ann (Taylor) and Nicholas Gilman. His brother was Nicholas Gilman, who had signed the U.S. Constitution. His family had settled in Exeter in its earliest days. He lived in the Ladd-Gilman House, now a part of the American Independence Museum. He received a limited education before he entered into the family shipbuilding and mercantile businesses. Aged 22, he read aloud a Dunlap Broadside brought to New Hampshire on July 16, 1776 to the city of Exeter. The American Independence Museum commemorates his brave act every year at their American Independence Festival, where a role-player reads the Declaration in its entirety to festival-goers. Career Gilman was one of the Minutemen of 1775 and a selectman in 1777 and 1778. Gilman served as a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1779 and 1781 and was a delegate to the Convention of the States in Hartford, Connecticut, in October 1780. He served as a member of the Continental Congress in 1782 and 1783. He was the New Hampshire Treasurer in 1791 and moderator in 1791–1794, 1806, 1807, 1809–1811, 1817, 1818, and 1820–1825. Gilman served as Governor of New Hampshire between 1794 and 1805 and was an unsuccessful candidate for re-election in 1805. He was again a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1810 and 1811 and again an unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1812. He was elected governor and served from 1813 to 1816 and declined to be a candidate for renomination for governor in 1816. He was an ex officio trustee of Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (1794–1805 and 1813–1816), and trustee by election (1817–1819). He was president of the board of trustees of Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, New Hampshire, 1795–1827, and donor of the oldest property, the 'Yard,' upon which the older buildings stand. Gilman was also elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1814. Personal life Gilman was married to Deborah (Folsom) Gilman, the daughter of Major General Nathaniel Folsom of Exeter. He died in Exeter on September 1, 1828. He is the first governor of New Hampshire not to have a place in the state named after him. The town of Gilmanton, settled by 24 members of the extended Gilman clan, was named for the family as a whole and not for the Governor. See also New Hampshire Historical Marker No. 161: Ladd-Gilman House References External links Gilman's Congressional Biography Gilman, John Taylor, 1753–1828, Guide to Research Collections 1753 births 1828 deaths Gilman family of New Hampshire American people of Welsh descent Continental Congressmen from New Hampshire 18th-century American politicians New Hampshire militiamen in the American Revolution Governors of New Hampshire People from Exeter, New Hampshire Phillips Exeter Academy New Hampshire Federalists Federalist Party state governors of the United States Members of the American Antiquarian Society

679039

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony%20Williams

Anthony Williams

Anthony or Antony Williams may refer to: Government Anthony Williams (diplomat) (1923–1990), former British Ambassador to Cambodia, Libya and Argentina Anthony Williams (Medal of Honor) (1822–?), American Civil War sailor and Medal of Honor recipient Anthony Williams, candidate in the United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois, 2010 Anthony A. Williams (born 1951), mayor of Washington D.C., 1999–2007 Anthony D. Williams (politician) (1799–1860), Liberian politician Anthony H. Williams (born 1957), Pennsylvania State Senator Others Anthony Williams (bishop) (1892–1975), Anglican bishop in the Caribbean Anthony Williams (comics), Welsh artist Anthony Williams (footballer) (born 1977), Welsh former goalkeeper Anthony Williams (musician) (1931–2021), Trinidadian music pioneer and inventor of the steel pans Anthony Williams or Roc Raida (1972–2009), American turntablist and hip hop deejay Anthony Williams, American fashion designer and winner of season 6 of Project Runway All Stars Antony Williams (technologist), English physicist, Microsoft software architect, designer of OLE and COM, see Component Object Model Anthony D. Williams (author) (born 1974), co-author of Wikinomics Antony John Williams (born 1960), Welsh chemist, president of ChemSpider See also Antoni Williams or Toni Williams (1939–2016), New Zealand singer Tony Williams (disambiguation)

679852

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Murray%20%28theologian%29

John Murray (theologian)

John Murray (14 October 1898 – 8 May 1975) was born in Bonar Bridge, Scotland. He was a Scottish-born Calvinist theologian who taught at Princeton Seminary and then left to help found Westminster Theological Seminary, where he taught for many years. Life Murray was born in the croft of Badbea, near Bonar Bridge, in Sutherland county, Scotland. Following service in the British Army in the First World War (during which he lost an eye, serving in the famous Black Watch regiment) he studied at the University of Glasgow. Following his acceptance as a theological student of the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland he pursued further studies at Princeton Theological Seminary under J. Gresham Machen and Geerhardus Vos, but broke with the Free Presbyterian Church in 1930 over that Church's handling of a discipline case in the Chesley, Ontario congregation concerning the Lord's Day. He taught at Princeton for a year and then lectured in systematic theology at Westminster Theological Seminary to generations of students from 1930 to 1966, and was an early trustee of the Banner of Truth Trust. Besides the material in the four-volume Collected Writings, his primary published works are a commentary on the Epistle to the Romans (previously included in the New International Commentary on the New Testament series but now superseded by Douglas J. Moo's commentary), Redemption Accomplished and Applied, Principles of Conduct, The Imputation of Adam's Sin, Baptism, and Divorce. Murray preached at Chesley and Lochalsh from time to time until his retirement from Westminster Theological Seminary in 1966. He returned to Scotland, where he was connected with the Free Church of Scotland, and at the age of 69, married Valerie Knowlton 7 December 1967. Writing after a communion season at Lochalsh, Murray said, "I think I feel most at home here and at Chesley of all the places I visit." There had been some consideration that upon leaving the seminary, Murray might take a pastorate in the newly formed Presbyterian Reformed Church, but the infirmity of his aged sisters at the home place necessitated his return to Ross-shire, Scotland. Works ? pages ? pages 192 pages 272 pages ? pages 736 pages ? pages References External links Free audio lectures and sermons in mp3 format from ThirdMill.org "The Atonement" "The Reformed Faith and Arminianism" (Part 1) (Part 2) (Part 3) "Arminianism and the Atonement" "Irresistible Grace" "Law and Grace" "The Covenant of Grace" "The Sovereignty of God" "Calvin on the Sovereignty of God" "Calvin, Dordt and Westminster on Predestination" "Adoption" "The Adamic Administration" "From Faith to Faith" "The Mode of Baptism" (PDF) "Pictures of Christ" "Definitive Sanctification" "The Weak and the Strong" "Tradition: Romish and Protestant" "Preaching: at Chesley Canada" 1898 births 1975 deaths Orthodox Presbyterian Church members Orthodox Presbyterian Church ministers Scottish Presbyterians Scottish Calvinist and Reformed theologians Westminster Theological Seminary faculty Princeton Theological Seminary alumni Princeton Theological Seminary faculty People from Sutherland 20th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians 20th-century American clergy

681270

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Smith%20%28architect%29

George Smith (architect)

George Smith (28 September 1782 – 5 January 1869) was an English architect and surveyor of the early 19th century, with strong connections with central and south-east London. Life and work Smith was born on 28 September 1783 at Aldenham in Hertfordshire. He was articled to Robert Furze Brettingham, and later worked for James Wyatt, Daniel Asher Alexander, and then Charles Beazley, before eventually setting up in practice on his own account in the City of London. He was appointed District Surveyor of the southern division of the City in 1810, and was elected Surveyor to the Mercers' Company in 1814, holding both appointments until his death. He also held the post of Surveyor to the Coopers' Company, and later served as their master. His works included St Paul's School, then sited at the east end of St Paul's Churchyard (replacing a building demolished in 1824), and Gresham College in Basinghall Street (opened in 1843). For the Mercers' Company he built the Whittington Almshouses (1822) at Highgate, in a Gothic style: John Summerson noted that the company had sufficient wealth at its disposal to afford "a great many crockets". On the previous site of the almhouses, in College Hill, in the City, he built the Mercers' School. At the Royal Exchange he replaced the wooden tower and entrance with a stone one. In collaboration with A.B. Clayton he built the New Corn Exchange in Mark Lane (1827), with a Doric colonnade, echoing that of George Dance's neighbouring exchange of 1749-50. At Hornsey in 1832-3 he replaced the body of the church with a white brick Gothic structure, leaving only the medieval tower standing. His Gothic church of St Michael and All Angels at Blackheath Park (1828-9) on the Cator estate was built in white brick with stone facings, and has what the Buildings of England guide describes as "a fanciful thin east spire", sometimes called "the Needle of Kent". A house called "Brooklands" (1825), designed for himself survives nearby. For the Cator family, Smith also rebuilt Woodbastwick Hall in Norfolk, following its damage by fire in 1819. Smith later built later another house for himself, called "Newlands", at Copthorne, in Sussex. He was also surveyor to the South East Rail Company and Morden College and his other works included: "Bellefield" (No. 26 Blackheath Park / 3 Foxes Dale, London SE3) Greenwich railway station (1840) Blackheath railway station (1849) Housing estate centred on Pelton Road and Christchurch Way, east Greenwich, London Works in his native Hertfordshire include the church of St. Peter, London Colney, a very early example of the Norman revival style (1825) and the neoclassical Town Hall at St Albans (1829), with a giant portico of four Ionic columns. He was a member of the Royal Institute of British Architects, of which he was elected a Fellow in 1834, a member of the Surveyors' Club from 1807, and a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. He exhibited at the Royal Academy between 1801 and 1829. Notes References Dictionary of Scottish Architects 1782 births 1869 deaths 19th-century English architects People from Aldenham Architects from London

681792

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20Anderson%20%28teacher%29

Eric Anderson (teacher)

Sir William Eric Kinloch Anderson (27 May 1936 – 22 April 2020) was a British teacher and educator, who was Head Master of Eton College from 1980 to 1994 and provost of Eton College from September 2000 to January 2009. Life and career Anderson was born on 27 May 1936 and schooled at George Watson's College, Edinburgh. He graduated from the University of St Andrews with first-class honours in English language and literature and then a Master of Letters (MLitt) degree from Balliol College, University of Oxford. During his early career, Anderson taught at Fettes College in Edinburgh and at Gordonstoun where he taught Prince Charles. He moved to be headmaster at Abingdon School (1970–75), Shrewsbury School (1975–80) and Eton College (1980–94) and he was rector of Lincoln College, Oxford (1994–2000). He was chairman of the Heritage Lottery Fund (1998–2001) and provost of Eton College (2000–2009). At Fettes, he was Prime Minister Tony Blair's housemaster. Blair subsequently named Anderson in a 1997 advertising campaign run by the Teacher Training Agency, entitled "No one forgets a good teacher". Head Master of Eton while David Cameron and Boris Johnson were there, Anderson was also involved in the education of the heir to the British throne and three British prime ministers, as well as Rory Stewart, Justin Welby, Archbishop of Canterbury, the Olympic oarsman Matthew Pinsent and the actors Dominic West and Damian Lewis. He was a supporter of the Direct Grant system. The Clarendon Press published Anderson's edition of The Journal of Sir Walter Scott in 1972 and he became a trustee of Scott's Abbotsford during its refurbishment. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1985 and, in 2002, he was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Thistle. He retired as Provost of Eton on 30 January 2009, and was succeeded by William Waldegrave. His other positions included visitor at Harris Manchester College, Oxford; member of the visiting committee of Harvard University Memorial Church; trustee of the Royal Collection Trust; and chairman of Cumberland Lodge. He received honorary degrees from the University of St Andrews, Hull, Siena, Birmingham, the University of Aberdeen and Buckingham. Personal life Anderson was the son of William James Kinloch Anderson, proprietor of the Edinburgh kilt-making business now in its sixth generation, and Margaret Gouinlock Harper. He was married to Elizabeth ("Poppy") Anderson, daughter of William and Mary Mason of Skipton. Their son is David Anderson (Lord Anderson of Ipswich KBE QC) and their daughter Kate is married to Will Gompertz. He was an Honorary Old Abingdonian and in 2018 accompanied Poppy, Kate and Will Gompertz, to open Beech Court at Abingdon School. Anderson died on 22 April 2020 at the age of 83. See also List of Old Abingdonians References Alumni of the University of St Andrews Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford People educated at George Watson's College Scottish schoolteachers Fellows of Lincoln College, Oxford Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Knights of the Thistle Headmasters of Shrewsbury School Rectors of Lincoln College, Oxford Head Masters of Eton College Heads of Abingdon School 1936 births 2020 deaths

682332

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Henry%20Burke%20%28civil%20servant%29

Thomas Henry Burke (civil servant)

Thomas Henry Burke (29 May 1829 – 6 May 1882) was an Irish civil servant who served as Permanent Under Secretary at the Irish Office for many years before being killed during the Phoenix Park Murders on Saturday 6 May 1882. The killing was carried out by an Irish republican organisation called the Irish National Invincibles. The newly appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland Lord Frederick Cavendish, although not the intended victim, was assassinated alongside him while they walked through Phoenix Park in Dublin. The victims were stabbed in the neck and chest with surgical blades. Thomas Burke was the Invincibles' intended target because he had been working for the British establishment as head of the Civil Service for many years and was associated with the British coercion policy during the Land War, 1879–82. Irish nationalists referred to Burke as the "Castle rat". Life Thomas Henry Burke was one of six sons of William Burke of Knocknagur, Tuam, County Galway and Emma Dillon. He was born in Waterslade House, Tuam. He was educated at Oscott College, Sutton Coldfield, near Birmingham, and also in Belgium and Germany. Burke's family was descended from that of Sir Ulick Burke of Glinsk, County Galway, on whom Charles I conferred a baronetcy in 1628. One brother was Sir Theobald Hubert Burke, 13th Baronet of Glinsk, another brother was the artist Augustus Nicholas Burke. Burke's outlook Burke was in favour of both Home Rule and reform of land issues, although as a civil servant he did not make his views known publicly. Lord Spencer described him as a "warm-hearted Irishman of strong national tendencies". Burke's support of various Crimes Acts imposed in Ireland was an issue which marked him out for assassination. Burke supported the retention of the unpopular Act in 1882, though his position was somewhat soft. Burke's attitude towards land issues was demonstrated by his intervention on the Kirwan estate in Carraroe, Co. Galway in 1880. Numerous eviction notices were about to be served on tenants and the chances of confrontation were high. Burke used his personal acquaintance with the Kirwans to attempt to defuse the situation. Burke's report to Forster lamented the Funeral and interment Burke was interred in a private ceremony at Prospect cemetery, Glasnevin on Tuesday, 9 May. The grave is situated at Plot Zb 74 & 75. His remains were removed from the Chief Secretary's Lodge at 9  am, by hearse, followed by 43 carriages containing mourners. The coffin bearing the inscription, "Thomas Henry Burke, Born 29th May 1829, Died 6th May 1882, R.I.P." The Very Rev. Monsignor Lee, Dean of Dublin officiated, assisted by the Rev. E.J. Quinn and Rev. W.J. Hurley. Thomas Burke was laid to rest beside his father William, under a Celtic cross. The ornamental carved stone cover of the grave bears the inscription, "Sacred to the memory of Thomas Henry Burke Esq. Who was murdered in the Phoenix Park on May 6th, 1882. He pleased God and was beloved". The second monument, composed mainly of black marble from Cong erected adjacent to the grave, bears the inscription, Thomas' estate at death was £1901 11s. 4d. according to probate records of 7 June 1882. Memorial Prize The Department of Education in Northern Ireland administers the Burke Memorial Fund which was established in 1883, a trust fund from which the payment of an annual prize of £150 is awarded to the best entrant to GCSE examinations taken in Northern Ireland. Notes References External links 1829 births 1882 deaths 1882 crimes People from Tuam Burials at Glasnevin Cemetery Assassinated Irish people Deaths by stabbing in Ireland People murdered in Ireland Under-Secretaries for Ireland Thomas Henry People from County Galway Alumni of St Mary's College, Oscott Deaths by stabbing in the United Kingdom 1880s murders in Ireland

691385

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Carver

Michael Carver

Field Marshal Richard Michael Power Carver, Baron Carver, (24 April 1915 – 9 December 2001) was a senior British Army officer. Lord Carver served as the Chief of the General Staff (CGS), the professional head of the British Army, and then as the Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS), the professional head of the British Armed Forces. He served during the Second World War and organised the administration of British forces deployed in response to the Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya and later in his career provided advice to the British government on the response to the early stages of The Troubles in Northern Ireland. Army career Born the son of Harold Power Carver and Winifred Anne Gabrielle Carver (née Wellesley) and educated at Winchester College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Carver was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Royal Tank Corps on 1 February 1935. He was promoted to lieutenant on 31 January 1938. He served in the Second World War initially organising logistics at the Headquarters of 7th Armoured Division which was engaged in fighting the Italians in North Africa: he was mentioned in despatches on 1 April 1941 and again on 8 July 1941 and awarded the Military Cross on 9 September 1942. Promoted to captain on 31 January 1943, he was given the temporary rank of lieutenant-colonel and appointed Commanding officer of the 1st Battalion, Royal Tank Regiment on 14 April 1943, leading them in North Africa for which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) on 4 May 1943 and in Italy for which he was awarded a Bar to his DSO on 24 February 1944. He was appointed Commander of 4th Armoured Brigade on 27 June 1944 and led his brigade in the campaign in North West Europe. He was also appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1945. Carver became a Technical Staff officer to the Ministry of Supply in 1947, and having been promoted to the substantive rank of major on 31 January 1948, he became Assistant Quartermaster-General (Plans) at Headquarters Allied Forces Central Europe in May 1951 and then head of the exercise planning staff at SHAPE in October 1952. Having been promoted to lieutenant-colonel on 27 March 1954 and to colonel on 17 June 1954, he was appointed Deputy Chief of Staff at East Africa Command in June 1954; he took part in the closing stages of the response to the Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya for which he was mentioned in despatches on 19 July 1955. He was then elevated to Chief of Staff in East Africa in October 1955 and appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 8 March 1957. He was appointed Director of Plans at the War Office in February 1958, Commander of the 6th Brigade at Münster in January 1960 and General Officer Commanding the 3rd Division with the rank of major-general on 4 September 1962. His division was deployed to Cyprus in February 1964. He was made Director of Army Staff Duties at the Ministry of Defence on 7 October 1964 and famously substantially reduced the size of the Territorial Army. Having been advanced to a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 1966 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was made General Officer Commanding Far East Land Forces with the rank of lieutenant-general on 28 July 1966, tri-service Commander-in-Chief of Far East Command in 1967 and, having been promoted to full general on 29 March 1968, General Officer Commanding Southern Command on 12 May 1969. After being advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath in the 1970 Birthday Honours, he was appointed Chief of the General Staff on 1 April 1971 in which role he provided advice to the British Government on the response to the early stages of The Troubles in Northern Ireland. Having been promoted to field marshal on 18 July 1973, he became Chief of the Defence Staff on 21 October 1973 before retiring in October 1976. In July 1977 he became a life peer as Baron Carver, of Shackleford in the County of Surrey. Carver was also Colonel Commandant of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers from February 1966, of the Royal Tank Regiment from January 1968, of the Bristol University Officer Training Corps from March 1972 and of the Royal Armoured Corps from April 1974. In August 1977 he was appointed resident commissioner designate for Rhodesia with responsibility for ending the dispute over independence there but resigned after fourteen months of deadlock. He wrote a number of books on military history and was a vocal critic of Britain's Trident missile programme, believing that as the American nuclear strike capability was sufficiently powerful it was inefficient for Britain to have an independent program. His interests included sailing, tennis and gardening. He died on 9 December 2001 in Fareham, Hampshire. Family In 1947 he married Edith Lowry-Corry, a granddaughter of Henry Lowry-Corry; they had two sons and two daughters. Lady Carver died in 2019. Carver's mother was related to Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. References Partial list of publications Carver, Michael. Imperial War Museum Book of the War in Italy: A Vital Contribution to Victory in Europe 1943–1945 Carver, Michael. & Robertson, Ian G. The National Army Museum Book of the Turkish Front 1914–18: The Campaigns at Gallipoli, in Mesopotamia and in Palestine Carver, Michael. Twentieth-Century Warriors: The Development of the Armed Forces of the Major Military Nations in the Twentieth Century Carver, Michael. War Since 1945 Carver, Michael. The Seven Ages of the British Army Carver, Michael. Dilemmas of the Desert War: The Libyan Campaign 1940–1942 (London, B. T. Batsford Ltd, 1986; reprinted Spellmount Limited, Staplehurst, Kent, 2002) Carver, Field Marshal Lord. El Alamein (London, B. T. Batsford Ltd, 1962) Carver, Field Marshal Lord. Britain's Army in the 20th Century Carver, Michael. Tobruk (London, B. T. Batsford Ltd, 1964) Further reading External links Guardian obituary BBC obituary Independent obituary Imperial War Museum Interview War and Peace in the Nuclear Age; Zero Hour; Interview with Michael Carver, 1987 Generals of World War II |- |- |- |- 1915 births 2001 deaths People educated at Winchester College British field marshals British Army brigadiers of World War II Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Crossbench life peers Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath British military writers Recipients of the Military Cross Historians of World War II Royal Tank Regiment officers British military historians Companions of the Distinguished Service Order Chiefs of the General Staff (United Kingdom) Chiefs of the Defence Staff (United Kingdom) Operation Overlord people Military personnel from Surrey Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst Life peers created by Elizabeth II

692937

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hall%20%28singer%29

James Hall (singer)

James Vincent Hall (born January 2, 1968, in Harris County, Texas, United States) is an American rock singer and guitarist, best known for his gothic-style lyrics, distinctive voice, eccentric behavior and eclectic compositions. Early career – Mary My Hope and solo Before launching his solo career in 1990, James Hall was the singer for Atlanta band, Mary My Hope, which released one album entitled Museum in 1989, and one EP, 1990's Suicide Kings, both on RCA/Silvertone. An expanded version of Suicide Kings appeared at the same time, called Monster Is Bigger Than The Man. This contained, in addition to the unreleased material and Museum album cuts, two live tracks recorded at the Princess Charlotte in Leicester, England. In 1993, Hall's My Love, Sex, and Spirit was put out by Daemon Records, Indigo Girl Amy Ray's co-op effort. Three singles were released from My Love, Sex, and Spirit, each containing non-album tracks. Subsequently, he signed to Geffen Records, and in 1996 his album, Pleasure Club, was released. In 1994, he contributed a trumpet part to the songs "Fugitive" and "Touch Me Fall", from the Indigo Girls' album, Swamp Ophelia. Pleasure Club In 2002, Hall appeared with a new band named Pleasure Club. This band featured Hall on vocals and guitar, Michael Jerome on drums, Grant Curry on bass, and Marc Hutner also on guitar. They released three albums, Here Comes The Trick, The Fugitive Kind and the last Scatter Rose (2020). Here Comes The Trick was later re-released as a double with a live album entitled Live: Out of the Pulpit accompanying it. Pleasure Club have since disbanded, and Hall has returned to his solo work. The Futura Bold After the disbanding of Pleasure Club and the flood waters of Hurricane Katrina receded, Hall was in Atlanta, Georgia. Multi-instrumentalists Chris Piskun and Bruce Butkovich joined James during what was to be his third solo record, yet ultimately morphed into a new entity christened, The Futura Bold. Other projects In 1997, James toured with Brad, playing guitar and keyboards in support of their Interiors album. Hall has formed a working relationship with singer Jimmy Gnecco of the band Ours, and is featured on the third Ours album, Mercy (Dancing for the Death of an Imaginary Enemy). He also is the lead singer of the Aristocrats, a recent project started by Hall, Darren Dodd, and Dropsonic's Dan Dixon and Dave Chase. References External links Official Home Page of James Hall James Hall MySpace Page James Hall vocals for Player Kommander American rock singers Musicians from Atlanta Living people 1968 births

696536

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth%20Brown%20%28author%29

Kenneth Brown (author)

Kenneth P. Brown Jr. is an American author. He served as president of the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution (AdTI), a former think tank that was based in Arlington, Virginia. He is best known for authoring reports making accusations about Linux and open source software, notably writing the book Samizdat. Some allegations in Brown's articles were refuted by Microsoft and Andrew Tanenbaum. Activities As AdTI's President, Brown oversaw the Institution's policy studies and foundation relationships. He is also Vice-President of the Emerging Markets Group, an overseas market investment and advisory firm. Kenneth Brown also serves on the Board of Directors of the Democratic Century Fund. Brown has a B.A. in English Literature from George Mason University. Articles “One Year Makes the Difference in Access Debate”, Multichannel News, May 1, 2000. “The Internet Privacy Debate”, International Journal of Communications and Law Policy, March 8, 2001. “Outsourcing and The Devaluation of Intellectual Property”, Darwinmag.com, (April 26, 2004) “Samizdat: And Other Issues Regarding the 'Source' of Open Source Code”, May 20, 2004. Notes External links Kenneth Brown, B.A. (biography, International Journal of Communications Law and Policy) Andrew Tanenbaum, "Ken Brown's Motivation, Release 1.2", Linuxtoday, May 22, 2004. Andrew Tanenbaum, "Some Notes on the 'Who Wrote Linux' Kerfuffle, Release 1.1", Linuxtoday, May 20, 2004. Andrew Tanenbaum, "Some Notes on the 'Who wrote Linux' Kerfuffle, Release 1.5", Original article by Andrew Tanenbaum, May 20, 2004. American technology writers Year of birth missing (living people) Living people

703421

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20II%2C%20Duke%20of%20Bourbon

Charles II, Duke of Bourbon

Charles II, Duke of Bourbon (Château de Moulins, 1433–September 13, 1488, Lyon), was Archbishop of Lyon from an early age and a French diplomat under the rule of Louis XI of France. He had a 2-week tenure as Duke of Bourbon in 1488, being ousted afterward by his younger brother and successor, Peter II, Duke of Bourbon. Biography Charles was the son of Charles I, Duke of Bourbon, and Agnes of Burgundy. Being a younger son, he was appointed Canon of Lyon in 1443 and, on June 6, 1444, elected Archbishop of Lyon at the age of 11. This election followed the death of Amedée de Talaru and the renunciation of John III of Bourbon, illegitimate offspring of his grandfather John I, Duke of Bourbon. His office was confirmed by Pope Eugene IV on November 14, 1446, after the death of Geoffroy Vassal, Archbishop of Vienne who the pope had first appointed in disregard of the Pragmatic Sanction in 1444. Due to his age, Charles II's archiepiscopate was administered in succession by Jean Rolin, bishop of Autun, from 1446 to 1447, Du Gué, bishop of Orléans, from 1447 to 1449, and John III of Bourbon, bishop of Puy, from 1449 to 1466. At that time, he still maintained a good relationship with the King of France Louis XI, showing greater gusto for navigating the intrigue of secular politics than displaying the piety expected of his religious position. On account of these proclivities, after the conflict surrounding the League of the Public Weal in 1465, Louis XI sent Charles II with Thibaud of Luxembourg, Bishop of Mans as ambassadors to Pope Paul II, recently elected in 1464. On January 7, 1469, Charles II signed a royal letters patent as the king's adviser, at Plessis-lèz-Tours, the latter's main residence near Tours. As namesake, he was, along with Joan of Valois, Duchess of Bourbon and Edward of Westminster, godparent of the Dauphin Charles VIII. When Louis XI ended the Hundred Years' War in 1475, the archbishop assisted him in diplomatic matters while the king lives with Charles II at the Notre-Dame-de-la-Victoire-lès-Senlis abbey near Senlis. He arrives with Louis XI and his elder brother John II of Bourbon on August 19 at Picquigny to sign the eponymous treaty. Later, on October 16 he signed in the abbey a letters patent to reestablish peaceable relations with Francis II, Duke of Brittany. Again, on January 8, 1476, as the head of the King's Council, Charles II signs four letters patent, among them one concerning the liberty of the Gallican Church at Château de Plessis-lèz-Tours. From 1472 to 1476, he was incumbent as the papal legate at Avignon though he only arrived there November 23, 1473. On May 23, 1474, the Pope Sixtus IV appointed his nephew Giuliano della Rovere as bishop of Avignon, and 2 years later as legate. This set Louis XI and the pope into conflict, with the royal army and papal troops coming to bear. On June 15, 1476, to resolve this difficulty, the king welcomed Giuliano della Rovere at Lyon, so that Charles II accepted the loss of the Avignon legation. This is the reason why, in 1476, he became the administrator of the diocese of Clermont and was made a Cardinal by Sixtus IV. It seems that after leaving Avignon, Charles II followed again in the wake of Louis XI. The cardinal was present with the king at Arras on March 18, 1477, during the campaign following the death of Charles the Bold. He was in 1486 the first commendatory abbot of the Priory Notre-Dame de La Charité-sur-Loire. He was also a noted patron of the arts, lavishing money on Lyon's cathedral: the Bourbon chapel there, which he sponsored from 1486 onward (it was continued after his death by his brother, Peter II of Bourbon) was described as "one of the marvels of decorative art in the 15th century". He was also Duke of Bourbon and Auvergne for a short period of time in April 1488, succeeding his elder brother, John II, when the latter died on April 1. This prompted Charles II, as his brother's nearest heir, to claim the family inheritance in the Bourbonnais and Auvergne. The move was not tolerated by his younger brother, Peter, and Peter's wife, Anne of France, the latter immediately taking possession of the Bourbon lands by force on 10 April. On 15 April, members of the King's Council sent by Anne to "console the Cardinal on the occasion of his brother's death", forced him to sign a renunciation of any claims to the Bourbon lands, in exchange for a financial settlement. Charles then died later in the same year in mysterious circumstances, following a sudden collapse in a private house in Lyons. His brief tenure of the title during the period 1 April – 15 April would, however, be posthumously confirmed in 1505, when Charles de Montpensier acceded to the Duchy as Charles III. Charles had an illegitimate daughter, with Gabrielle Bartine, named Isabelle (d. 1497). She was legitimized by Charles VIII and later married Gilbert of Chantelot, lord of La Chaise (Monétay-sur-Allier). In fiction Charles II of Bourbon features in Victor Hugo's novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (Chapter III: Monsieur the Cardinal). It evokes the titles and the parentage of Charles II in these words: "Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon, Archbishop and Comte of Lyon, Primate of the Gauls, was allied both to Louis XI, through his brother, Pierre, Seigneur de Beaujeu, who had married the king's eldest daughter, and to Charles the Bold through his mother, Agnes of Burgundy." References Sources People from Moulins, Allier 1434 births 1488 deaths House of Bourbon (France) Dukes of Bourbon Dukes of Auvergne Counts of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis Counts of Forez Counts of Isle-Jourdain Archbishops of Lyon 15th-century French cardinals 15th-century peers of France

703438

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20III%2C%20Duke%20of%20Bourbon

Charles III, Duke of Bourbon

Charles III (17 February 1490 – 6 May 1527) was a French military leader, the count of Montpensier, Clermont and Auvergne, and dauphin of Auvergne from 1501 to 1523, then duke of Bourbon and Auvergne, count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, Forez and La Marche, and lord of Beaujeu from 1505 to 1521. He was also the constable of France from 1515 to 1521. Also known as the constable of Bourbon, he was the last of the great feudal lords to oppose the king of France. He commanded the troops of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in what became known as the Sack of Rome in 1527, where he was killed. Family Charles was born at Montpensier, the second son of Count Gilbert of Montpensier by his wife Clara Gonzaga (1 July 1464 – 2 June 1503). Gilbert died in 1496, and his elder son, Louis II, died unwed in 1501, leaving Charles the heir to the family's titles and extensive lands in Auvergne. Marriage Charles married his agnatic second cousin, Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon. It was a dynastic match, intended to settle the question of succession to the Bourbon estates, which had arisen because Suzanne's father, Duke Peter II of Bourbon, the last of the senior Bourbon line, had died without sons. Charles was the scion of the next-senior Bourbon line, and thus the heir male of the House of Bourbon, while Suzanne was the heir general. With the marriage, Charles's position as Duke of Bourbon became undisputed. This cementing of position was important for another reason: with the death of Charles IV, Duke of Alençon, in 1525, Charles became the next in line to the French throne after the three sons of French King Francis I. Career Already distinguished as a soldier in the Italian Wars, Charles was appointed constable of France by Francis I of France in 1515, and was rewarded for his services at the Battle of Marignano (where he commanded the vanguard) with the Governorship of Milan. However, Francis was uneasy with the proud and wealthy duke, and soon recalled him from Milan and refused to honor his debts. Charles was further angered by the appointment of Charles IV of Alençon, Francis's brother-in-law, as commander of the vanguard during the campaigns in the Netherlands, an office which should have been his. The death of his wife in 1521 provoked the final breach between Charles and Francis. Suzanne had left all her estates to Charles, but the king's mother, Louise of Savoy, claimed them as the heir in proximity in blood due to their previous entailments. She proposed to settle the question by marrying Charles; he refused the proposal because Louise was over forty-five years of age and fourteen years older than him. On behalf of his mother, Francis confiscated a portion of the Bourbon estates before the lawsuit had even been opened. Seeing no hope of prevailing, Charles made a secret agreement to betray his king and offer his services to Emperor Charles V. The emperor, the constable, and King Henry VIII of England devised a grand plan to partition France. This however came to nothing because the plot was discovered; Charles was stripped of his offices and proclaimed a traitor. He fled into Italy in 1523 and entered the imperial service. In 1524, he drove the French under Bonnivet from Lombardy, and fought at the Battle of Pavia. The emperor gave Charles command of a mixed Spanish–German army (which included a number of Lutherans) sent to chastise Pope Clement VII. He neglected to supply this army with money or food, and Charles was only able to keep it together by promises of loot. Though Clement arranged a truce with the emperor, the army continued its advance, reaching Rome in May 1527. The death of Charles—the artist and goldsmith Benvenuto Cellini claimed that he fired the shot that killed him—outside the walls removed the last restraints from the army, which resulted in the sack of Rome. Progeny and succession By Suzanne, Charles was the father of twins and of Francis of Bourbon, Count of Clermont. Officially, since neither survived a year of age, the senior line of the dukes of Bourbon was extinct in male line with his death in battle, and the junior line (dukes of Vendôme) were not allowed to inherit, because Charles had forfeited his fiefs by committing treason. However, the county of Montpensier and dauphinate of Auvergne (but not the duchy of Bourbon) were later returned to his sister Louise, who interestingly enough was herself married to Louis, Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon, a member of the more junior House of Bourbon-Vendome. The Dukes of Montpensier line continued after Louise's death through her descendants. Notes References Louis Rousselet, "The Son of the Constable of France", (Gilbert & Rivington: London 1892) Grece, Michel de, "Le Rajah Bourbon", (Lattes: Paris 2007) 1490 births 1527 deaths Constables of France Counts of Clermont-en-Auvergne Counts of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis Counts of Forez Counts of Gien Counts of La Marche Counts of Montpensier Dukes of Auvergne Charles III, Duke of Bourbon 102 Grand Chamberlains of France Charles III, Duke of Bourbon Military leaders of the Italian Wars People from Puy-de-Dôme 16th-century peers of France Military personnel killed in action Court of Francis I of France

703776

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Williams%20%28Caswell%20County%2C%20North%20Carolina%29

John Williams (Caswell County, North Carolina)

John Williams (July 7, 1740 – December 1, 1804) was an American leader from Caswell County, North Carolina during the American Revolution. Born in Hanover County, Virginia, he served in the North Carolina House of Commons (1778–1780) and state Senate (1782, 1793–1794). North Carolina state senators Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives 1740 births 1804 deaths

703873

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Williams%20%28Salem%2C%20New%20York%29

John Williams (Salem, New York)

John Williams (September 1752July 22, 1806) was an American physician and politician from Salem, New York. He was most notable for his service in the United States House of Representatives from 1795 to 1799. Life Williams was born in Barnstaple, Devonshire, England in September 1752. He received a liberal education, studied medicine and surgery in St. Thomas' Hospital, London, and served for one year as surgeon’s mate on an English man-of-war. He immigrated to America in 1773 and settled in New Perth, Charlotte County, New York (now Salem, Washington County), where he engaged in an extensive medical practice. He married Susanna (Thomas) Turner, and they had four children. After the death of his first wife, he married Mrs. Mary Townley. Williams was a member of the New York Provincial Congress in 1775; he was reelected and served until its dissolution in 1777. He was appointed surgeon of state militia forces in 1775. Williams was a named colonel of the Charlotte County militia regiment in 1776 and retained command throughout the Revolutionary War. He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1777 to 1779 when he was expelled for fraud and theft. One act of which he was accused was the submission of false muster and payrolls, which enabled him to draw government money for paying soldiers, but which he then kept. He was also accused of holding of courts-martial which were not authorized by militia regulations and fining soldiers who were found guilty, after which he withheld their salaries to pay the fines. He was later exonerated and resumed his political and military careers. He was a member of the New York State Assembly in 1781 and 1782, and again a member of the New York State Senate from 1782 to 1794. Williams was appointed a member of the first board of regents of the University of the State of New York in 1784. He served as brigadier general of militia in 1786. During 1788 when the American people were debating whether their states should ratify the proposed Constitution of the United States, Williams was an Anti-Federalist, meaning that he opposed the proposed Constitution. Williams is one of several people suspected of having written very influential Anti-Federalist essays under the pen name Brutus. Williams was subsequently a delegate to the State ratification convention in 1788, where the Anti-Federalists failed to stop the Constitution, but succeeded in obtaining assurances that a Bill of Rights would be added. He was a member of the Council of Appointment in 1789. In March 1789, Williams received a small number of votes running as a Democratic-Republican in the 5th District for Congress, but was defeated by Federalist Peter Silvester. In January 1793, Williams ran again as a Democratic-Republican for Congress, this time in the 9th District to which Washington County had been re-districted, but was defeated by Federalist James Gordon. In December 1794, Williams was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the 4th, and in December 1796 was re-elected as a Federalist to the 5th United States Congress, serving from March 4, 1795 to March 3, 1799. In April 1798, he ran for re-election as a Federalist in the 7th District to which Washington County had been re-districted, but was defeated by Democratic-Republican John Thompson. In April 1802, he ran for election again as a Federalist in the 12th District to which Washington County had been re-districted, but was defeated by Democratic-Republican David Thomas. He was a large landholder; a promoter and director of a company organized to build the Erie Canal as a private enterprise, the project later being taken over and completed by the State, and a judge of the county court. Williams died in Salem on July 22, 1806; his interment was at Salem Revolutionary Cemetery. The Salem chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution is named for Williams and Israel Harris. See also List of New York Legislature members expelled or censured References Further reading External links 1752 births 1806 deaths American militia generals British emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies Members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state) New York (state) Federalists New York (state) militiamen in the American Revolution New York (state) state senators Members of the New York State Assembly Members of the New York Provincial Congress Expelled New York State Senators New York (state) Democratic-Republicans Federalist Party members of the United States House of Representatives People from Salem, New York

703965

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Williams%20%28Tennessee%20politician%29

John Williams (Tennessee politician)

John Williams (January 29, 1778 – August 10, 1837) was an American lawyer, soldier, and statesman, operating primarily out of Knoxville, Tennessee, in the first part of the 19th century. He represented Tennessee in the United States Senate from 1815 to 1823, when he lost reelection to Andrew Jackson. Williams also served as colonel of the 39th U.S. Infantry Regiment during the Creek Wars, and played a key role in Jackson's victory at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814. Williams later distanced himself from Jackson, and aligned himself with John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay. Adams appointed him chargé d'affaires to the Central American Federation in 1825. Early life Williams was born in what is now Forsyth County, North Carolina (then part of Surry County), the third of twelve children of Joseph and Rebekah Lanier Williams. His father was of Welsh descent, and his mother was descended from French Huguenots. Two of Williams' brothers, Lewis Williams and Robert Williams, served as U.S. congressmen in the 19th century. Another brother, Thomas Lanier Williams, was a prominent Tennessee judge. Williams was also the cousin of Congressman Marmaduke Williams . Williams studied law in Salisbury, North Carolina, in the late 1790s, and served as a captain in the 6th U.S. Infantry, from 1799 to 1800. Shortly afterward, he relocated to Knoxville, Tennessee, where he was admitted to the bar in 1803. Around 1805, he married Melinda White, daughter of Knoxville's founder, James White. In 1807, Williams was appointed Tennessee's attorney general, and served in this capacity until the following year. In 1811, he led a mass meeting of Knox County citizens that condemned Archibald Roane for resigning from the state legislature to run for circuit court judge. In a letter published in a local newspaper, Williams blasted Roane as too selfish and too much of a drunkard to be a faithful judge. Military activities (1812–1815) In late 1812, at the outbreak of the War of 1812, Williams raised a small company of some 200 to 250 volunteers, primarily from Tennessee and Georgia, with the intention of invading Florida and attacking the Seminole tribe. Williams and other leaders on the frontier suspected that Spain would eventually join the British side in the war, and would encourage the Seminoles to attack frontier settlements in southern Georgia. Williams and his volunteers invaded Florida in early February 1813, and destroyed several Seminole villages, burning over 300 houses, and stealing a large number of horses and other livestock. After reporting that the Seminole country was "completely in waste," Williams returned to East Tennessee, and his volunteers were mustered out shortly afterward. In June 1813, Williams was commissioned in the U.S. Army as a colonel, and ordered to recruit and organize the 39th U.S. Infantry for the purpose of engaging the hostile Red Stick Creeks. Within a few weeks, Williams had managed to recruit and partially equip 600 troops. In early 1814, Williams and the 39th were placed under the command of Andrew Jackson, who was preparing an expedition against the Red Sticks in Alabama. On March 27, Jackson attacked the Red Stick camp on the Tallapoosa River, initiating the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. At the height of this battle, Williams and the 39th, which comprised Jackson's main line, charged and captured the log barricade with which the Creeks had fortified the riverbend, forcing the Creeks to flee. In his report on the battle, Jackson commended the actions of Williams and several other officers of the 39th. Soldiers who fought under Williams at this battle included future Missouri senator Thomas Hart Benton and future Tennessee and Texas governor, Sam Houston. Following the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, Williams went to Washington, D.C., to raise money for the 39th, and gradually acquired a sizable cache of weapons. Throughout 1814, Williams and Jackson bickered over these weapons, with Jackson demanding that Williams give them to a militia company in Tennessee, and Williams arguing that federal arms could not be distributed to militia companies. Jackson questioned Williams' loyalty, and Williams questioned Jackson's authority. United States Senate In 1815, Williams was chosen to fill the Senate seat left vacant by the resignation of Jesse Wharton (who had been appointed to the seat a few months earlier following the resignation of George W. Campbell). In 1817, Williams was reelected to a full six-year term. Williams voted in favor of the Second Bank of the United States in 1816, opposed the Bonus Bill of 1817, and voted for the Missouri Compromise of 1820. He was also chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs, and oversaw a reduction of the armed forces. In 1819, following Jackson's invasion of Florida (then part of Spain), another dispute erupted between Williams and Jackson. Jackson accused Williams of spreading a rumor that Jackson had launched the invasion to protect personal land investments in the Pensacola area, and argued that Williams was assailing his character in private conversations in Washington. In 1821, Williams was one of just four senators to vote against the Adams–Onís Treaty, in which Spain ceded Florida to the United States. In 1823, Williams made it clear that he was going to support William H. Crawford (another enemy of Jackson) for the presidency, leading Jackson's allies in Tennessee to seek Williams' removal from the Senate. When they were unable to find a candidate with enough support to defeat Williams, Jackson agreed to become a candidate for Williams' seat. Though Williams had the support of the influential Knoxville Register and rising politician Davy Crockett, he lost to Jackson by a margin of 35 votes to 25 at a contentious meeting of the state legislature on October 1, 1823. Later life After losing his U.S. Senate seat, Williams ran for Knox County's state senate seat in 1825, but lost to James Anderson by a vote of 982 to 931. President John Quincy Adams pondered appointing Williams Secretary of War, but was dissuaded by Henry Clay, who thought the appointment should go to someone from New York. Adams eventually appointed Williams chargé d'affaires to the Central American Federation, and Williams thus spent most of 1826 at this post in Guatemala. In 1827, Williams again ran for Knox County's state senate seat. In spite of staunch opposition from Jackson's allies (including Williams' brother-in-law, Hugh Lawson White, who referred to Williams as a "mean politician who can get no man to lye upon him"), Williams won the election, 1,585 to 1,216. During his term, he introduced a bill calling for the construction of a turnpike connecting Anderson County and Kentucky, a bill providing relief for female debtors, and legislation seeking greater oversight of the Bank of Tennessee. He retired from the state senate in 1829. Williams spent his later years practicing law and advocating railroad construction. He rejected several invitations to run for Congress, stating he had no desire to go to Washington and serve at the "bow of the emperor," in reference to then-President Jackson. Williams died on August 10, 1837, and was interred in the First Presbyterian Church Cemetery in Knoxville. Family and legacy In 1816, Williams made plans to develop a subdivision, "Williamsburg," on what was then the outskirts of Knoxville (now part of the Downtown area). This subdivision was bounded by what is now Henley Street (which at the time was the city's western boundary), Main Street, the riverfront, and Second Creek. The area is now occupied by Maplehurst Park and the Church Street Methodist Church. In 1826, while Williams was in Guatemala, his wife oversaw the construction of a new family home in East Knoxville, now known as the Colonel John Williams House. The house is still standing, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Williams' son, Joseph Lanier Williams, served three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives (1837 to 1843). Another son, John Williams II, was a prominent pro-Union leader during the Civil War, and served as vice president of the East Tennessee Convention, which sought to create a separate, Union-aligned state in East Tennessee. John Williams was the great-grandfather of Admiral Richmond P. Hobson, and the great-great-grandfather of noted playwright, Tennessee Williams. Fort Williams, a supply depot built prior to the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, was named for Williams. References 1778 births 1837 deaths United States senators from Tennessee Politicians from Knoxville, Tennessee People of the Creek War United States Army officers Ambassadors of the United States to the Federal Republic of Central America Tennessee Democratic-Republicans Democratic-Republican Party United States senators 19th-century American diplomats

704032

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Williams%20%28Rochester%2C%20New%20York%29

John Williams (Rochester, New York)

John Williams (January 7, 1807 in Utica, Oneida County, New York – March 26, 1875) was an American merchant and politician from New York. Life Williams was a partner of miller Warham Whitney (1786-1840), whose mill was at the second falls on the Genesee River. Williams married successively two of his partner's daughters, first Caroline (1812-1836) in 1832 and then Olive (1814-1867) in 1840. He served as paymaster to New York's First Regiment of Riflemen starting in 1827. In 1838 he organized the Company of Western New York, known as "Williams' Light Infantry"; they were accepted as a State Battalion of Artillery in 1839 and Williams was commissioned as a major. The battalion was disbanded in 1849. In 1862 Williams was commissioned as brigadier-general of the 25th Brigade, and was promoted in 1869 to major general of the 7th division. He was Mayor of Rochester, New York, in 1853. He was elected as a Democrat to the 34th United States Congress, serving from March 4, 1855, to March 3, 1857. He also served several terms as treasurer of the city of Rochester and on the school board; John Williams School #5 in Rochester, now a kindergarten through eighth grade school, is named in his honor. He was known to have corresponded with Susan B. Anthony. External links References Mayors of Rochester, New York Members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state) Politicians from Utica, New York 1807 births 1875 deaths New York (state) Democrats Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives 19th-century American politicians Businesspeople from Utica, New York 19th-century American businesspeople

704350

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Williams%20%28Pitt%20County%2C%20North%20Carolina%29

John Williams (Pitt County, North Carolina)

John Williams ( – 1789) was a planter and an American Revolutionary from Pitt County, North Carolina. He was the son of a Welsh immigrant, and served on the county Committee of Correspondence. He represented his county in the North Carolina provisional Assembly of 1777 as well as the state's House of Commons in 1778 and 1779. Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives Farmers from North Carolina 1735 births 1789 deaths American planters People from Pitt County, North Carolina People of colonial North Carolina 18th-century American politicians

705715

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Williams%20%28archbishop%20of%20York%29

John Williams (archbishop of York)

John Williams (22 March 1582 – 25 March 1650) was a Welsh clergyman and political advisor to King James I. He served as Bishop of Lincoln 1621–1641, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal 1621–1625, and Archbishop of York 1641–1646. He was the last bishop to serve as lord chancellor. Early life John Williams, Bishop of Lincoln, and later Archbishop of York, was born in Conwy, Wales, the second son of Edmund Williams and Mary Wynn. At a time when many bishops came from rather humble backgrounds, Williams prided himself on belonging to an "ancient family". He attended Ruthin School before graduating from St John's College, Cambridge BA 1601, MA 1605, BD 1613, and DD 1616. He became a fellow in 1603 and was a University Proctor in 1611–12. He entered the clergy and he first impressed the king by a sermon he preached in 1610. He became the king's chaplain in 1617. Political career In 1620 he was made Dean of Westminster and was swiftly elevated by King James I to the Bishopric of Lincoln in 1621, as well as being made Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. Throughout his political career Williams was identified as a strong supporter of King James, who, it has been said, valued him as a man "who knew his mind and would do his bidding" and with whom personally he had much in common. He alienated the Prince of Wales, the future Charles I by disapproving of his ill-fated expedition with the Duke of Buckingham to Madrid. When James I died and was succeeded by Charles I in 1625, Williams was quickly removed from the office of Lord Chancellor, and was prevented from attending Parliament. Though Williams managed to survive Buckingham, who was assassinated in 1628, he remained out of favour; he incurred the enmity of William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1633 and his powerful ally Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, both of whom had great influence with Charles I. Williams's liberal attitudes toward the Puritans led to a legal battle with the Court of the Star Chamber. Laud's biographer refers to the original charge against him, of revealing State secrets, as frivolous; but Williams, in his efforts to clear himself, laid himself open to a charge of subornation of perjury, which was proved, and he was suspended from his benefices in 1636, fined, and imprisoned in the Tower of London until 1640. Laud had assumed that the conviction would force Williams' resignation as Bishop of Lincoln; but to his fury Williams refused to resign and no machinery existed to remove him. Until his imprisonment, Williams remained defiantly at his episcopal palace, Buckden, lavishing hospitality on his neighbours. In 1640 the Lords forced the King to release him, and Williams resumed his offices and tried to steer a course between the extreme wings of the Church. He showed little pity for either Laud or Strafford, supporting the impeachment of both men. In the case of Laud there is no evidence that he approved of Laud's eventual execution; but it was otherwise with Strafford. He fatally weakened Strafford's cause in the House of Lords by arguing successfully that the bishops should absent themselves in cases involving the death penalty, and later specifically urged the King not to spare Strafford's life, arguing that in his public role he was discharged from his private promise to that effect. He was re-imprisoned by Parliament in 1641, but was released on bail in 1642 and went to be with the King in Yorkshire, as well as be enthroned as Archbishop of York, a position to which he had been appointed the previous year. His stay in Yorkshire was brief, however, and he spent the last years of his life in his native north Wales, initially supporting the royalist cause, but eventually coming to an accommodation with the local parliamentarian commander in 1646. He was deprived of his See by Parliament on 9 October 1646, as episcopacy was abolished for the duration of the Commonwealth and the Protectorate. Death and legacy Williams died of quinsy in 1650 whilst staying with his kinsfolk, the Wynns of Gwydir, and was buried at the parish church of Llandygai. He had repurchased the family estate, which passed to his nephew Sir Griffith Williams. Through his niece Elizabeth Dolben he was the grand-uncle of a later Archbishop of York, John Dolben. Details of Williams' Civil War activities in North Wales are contained in Norman Tucker's book Prelate at Arms (Llandudno, 1937). He is also the central character in Tucker's fictional work Castle of Care, (London 1937) as well as playing a significant role in one of Tucker's later novels, Restless we roam (London 1950). References |- 1582 births 1650 deaths People educated at Ruthin School Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge Deans of Westminster Doctors of Divinity Lord Chancellors of England Archbishops of York Bishops of Lincoln 17th-century Anglican archbishops Infectious disease deaths in Wales Deaths from peritonsillar abscess Deans of Salisbury People from Buckden, Cambridgeshire People from Conwy 17th-century Church of England bishops

706137

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Williams

James Williams

James Williams may refer to: Entertainment James J. Williams (1853–1926), English photographer James Dixon Williams (1877–1934), American film producer James Williams (musician) (1951–2004), American jazz pianist James D-Train Williams (born 1962), American singer, songwriter and musician James K. Williams, Liberian rapper J. R. Williams (James Robert Williams), Canadian cartoonist Military James Williams (Revolutionary War) (1740–1780), colonel from South Carolina James Monroe Williams (1833–1907), American Civil War soldier James Howard Williams (1897–1958), British soldier and elephant expert in Burma James E. Williams (1930–1999), Medal of Honor in the U.S. Navy James A. Williams (born 1932), U.S. Army general James L. Williams, commanding general of the 4th Marine Division Politics James Wray Williams (1792–1842), U.S. Representative from Maryland James Williams (ambassador) (1796–1869), to Ottoman Empire James D. Williams (1808–1880), U.S. Representative from Indiana James Williams (Ohio politician) (1822–1892), Republican James Williams (Delaware politician) (1825–1899), U.S. Representative James E. Williams (Atlanta mayor) (1826–1900), Atlanta mayor after the Civil War James E. Williams (East St. Louis mayor) James M. Williams (1850–1909), Ohio House and Ohio Senate James R. Williams (politician) (1850–1923), U.S. Representative from Illinois James R. Williams (lawyer) (born 1936), candidate for lieutenant governor of Ohio James D. Williams (Pennsylvania politician) (1943–1985), Pennsylvania House James Edwin Williams (1856–1917), British trade unionist James Williams (labor leader), American president of painters' union James Harrison Williams, member of the Iowa House of Representatives Religion James Williams (priest, died 1872) (1790–1872), Welsh clergyman James Williams (bishop) (1825–1892), Canadian Church of England James Williams (archdeacon of Ardfert) (died 1724) James Williams (archdeacon of Wrexham) James Kendrick Williams (born 1936), American Catholic bishop Sports Football James Williams (end) (1928–2015), Rice University James Williams (defensive back) (born 1967), Buffalo Bills Jamie Williams (American football) (born 1960), NFL tight end James Williams (wide receiver) (born 1978) James O. Williams (born 1968), Chicago Bears James Williams (linebacker) (born 1968), American football player Jimmy Williams (footballer, born 1982), English footballer James Williams (Welsh footballer) (1885–1916) James Williams (Australian footballer) (born 1937) James Williams-Richardson (born 1988), Anguillan international footballer James Williams (Irish footballer) Other sports James Williams (baseball), co-owner of the Cincinnati Reds baseball team James Williams (basketball) (born 1979), American James Williams (British fencer) (born 1966) James Williams (cricketer) (born 1973), Welsh James Williams (field hockey) (1878–1929), British Jimmy Williams (coach) (James Bernard Williams, 1926–2016), minor league baseball manager Fly Williams (James Williams, born 1953), American basketball player James Leighman Williams (born 1985), American fencer Other uses James Miller Williams (1818–1890), Canadian oil businessman James Nelson Williams (1837–1915), New Zealand runholder, orchardist and entrepreneur James Leon Williams (1852–1932), American dental researcher James Steele Williams (1896–1957), American paleontologist James Arthur Williams (1930–1990), American antiques dealer James Wilson Williams (born 1982), American academic James Oladipo Williams (died 1999), Nigerian jurist and judge James F. Williams, American librarian, University of Colorado James H. Williams Jr., American mechanical engineer, MIT Jamie Williams, president of the Wilderness Society USS James E. Williams, an Arleigh Burke-class destroyer in the United States Navy See also Jim Williams (disambiguation) William James (disambiguation)

706288

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Williams%20%28Revolutionary%20War%29

James Williams (Revolutionary War)

James Henderson Williams (November 10, 1740 – October 7, 1780) was an American pioneer, farmer, and miller from Ninety-Six District in South Carolina. In 1775 and 1776, Williams was a member of the state's Provisional Assembly. During the War of Independence, he held a colonel's rank in the South Carolina militia. He was killed at the decisive Battle of Kings Mountain. Early life Williams was born in Hanover County, Virginia and was the son of Daniel Williams and Ursula Clark Henderson. His siblings included James, Joseph, John, Daniel, Henry, Marya Goodman, and Mary Mitchell. He was orphaned the week after his 17th birthday. He moved into the home of his brother, John, in Granville County, North Carolina. John, being a lawyer, gave him a basic education before James set out on his own. He settled on the Little River in South Carolina. By 1773, Williams had started a farm and built a mill in Ninety-Six District on the South Carolina western frontier (in what is modern Laurens County, South Carolina), and was an officer in the local militia. Tensions rose before the revolution, as many of his neighbors took Loyalist positions. Williams supported the American cause. He joined the local Committee of Safety, and was elected to the state's Provincial Congress in 1775 and again in 1776. War of Independence In 1776, the Ninety-Six District militia split into Loyalist and Patriot factions. Williams was made a lieutenant colonel of a regiment, but he had to recruit and train the new men. He succeeded in organizing a militia group, but pressure from Britain and her Indian allies meant that Williams always had to leave some troops behind for home defense. Williams led forces of local men into action at nearby Briar Creek and Stone Ferry, and as far afield as the expedition to the Second Battle of Savannah. On August 19, 1780 he led his detachment into the Battle of Musgrove Mill. The Patriots' success there, even in such a limited engagement and coming so soon after the disaster of Camden, earned him a promotion to colonel. Battle of Kings Mountain Williams led a 100-man detachment to meet up with other militia from the overmountain settlements which were gathering to engage Cornwallis' western force led by Major Patrick Ferguson. He joined with the other units at Cowpens on October 6. The next day these forces won a major victory at the Battle of Kings Mountain, where the out-numbered Americans overwhelmed an 1,100 man Loyalist force, while suffering only twenty-eight fatalities. Col. Williams was one of them. Buried on John B. Mintz Property Williams' original hastily dug grave was on John B. Mintz's property, on top of a hill at the intersection of Buffalo Creek and the Broad River, near Blacksburg, South Carolina. His body was dug up in May 1898 and kept secret for several years before being re-interred on the lawn in front of the Administration building, on Limestone Street in Gaffney, South Carolina and marked by a large memorial. The following newspaper article relates the story of his body being dug up. "Several days ago a party of men consisting of A. G. Mintz, Rev. Mr. Bailey, J. E. Mintz, J. H. Mintz, Lee Broom, F. L. White and several others opened the grave of Colonel Williams, who was seriously wounded at the battle of King's Mountain and was carried by the Americans on their retreat eastward, back across Broad River. That night he died and was buried on a hill near the intersection of Buffalo Creek and Broad River. His bones were found in good state of preservation and were all removed except the skull and are hidden away for a future funeral. Mr. A. G. Mintz was exhibiting the skull on the streets of Blacksburg. It is proposed to bury his remains in the Berkley Park at Blacksburg and erect a monument over them. - Yorkville Yeoman. Story published in The Laurens Advertiser (Laurens, South Carolina), Tuesday, 17 May 1898, page 3. His death was unknown for several weeks and during that time the South Carolina Provincial Congress had promoted Col. James Williams to the rank of brigadier general; the commission could not be delivered. In 2005, the South Carolina General Assembly confirmed the rank originally bestowed upon him 225 years before. In the same act, Gen. Williams was further honored by renaming the Little River Bridge, "James Williams Memorial Bridge", marking the northeast corner of what had been his plantation. References 1740 births 1780 deaths People from Hanover County, Virginia Cherokee County, South Carolina United States military personnel killed in the American Revolutionary War South Carolina militiamen in the American Revolution People from Ninety Six, South Carolina

707628

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Robert%20Jenkins

Charles Robert Jenkins

Charles Robert Jenkins (February 18, 1940 – December 11, 2017) was a United States Army soldier who lived in North Korea from 1965 to 2004 after deserting his unit and crossing the Korean Demilitarized Zone. Jenkins was one of six US soldiers who defected to North Korea after the Korean War, but the only one who managed to leave the country, the others having died of natural causes in North Korea. After his escape and reunion with his family in the United States, Jenkins settled for the rest of his life in Japan, where he died in 2017. He was survived by his Japanese wife and two daughters, all of whom also escaped North Korea. Military service and desertion Jenkins was born in 1940 in Rich Square, North Carolina. He joined the Army National Guard in 1955, aged 15, below the minimum enlistment age. He joined the Regular Army in 1958 and was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division. He served in South Korea from 1960 to 1961, in West Germany from 1962 to 1964, and in South Korea again from 1964 to 1965. In South Korea, Jenkins was assigned to night patrols. He was alarmed about the prospect of being sent to what he considered certain death in Vietnam. On the evening of January 4 or 5, 1965, he crossed into North Korea "after guzzling 10 beers for courage", and surrendered to forces there. His hope was that he would be sent to the Soviet Union and then, through prisoner exchange, eventually returned to the United States. Shortly thereafter, North Korean propaganda declared that a U.S. sergeant had defected, and broadcast statements allegedly made by the defector, reportedly in stilted English. The U.S. Army claimed Jenkins wrote four letters stating his intention to defect (an allegation Jenkins denied); however, the original letters are reportedly lost. His relatives maintained throughout his absence that he was abducted. Life in North Korea Information about Jenkins' status was unavailable outside North Korea for many years. Jenkins said he almost immediately regretted his desertion. He said that for seven years, until 1972, he and three other U.S. Army deserters—Larry Abshier, Jerry Parrish, and James Dresnok—were quarantined in a one-room house with no running water, where they were made to study the Juche philosophy of Kim Il-sung daily. They were forced to memorize large passages of Kim's writings in Korean, and beaten frequently by their guards. He said that at one point in 1966, he found his way to the Soviet embassy in Pyongyang and requested asylum, which was denied. Eventually, Jenkins was placed in separate housing and began teaching English at the Pyongyang University of Foreign Studies. In 1980, 40-year-old Jenkins was introduced to 21-year-old Hitomi Soga, a Japanese nursing student who had been abducted by North Korean agents in 1978, along with her mother, during a search for Japanese citizens who could train future spies in Japanese language and culture. Soga's mother was never heard from again, and Soga was "given" to Jenkins. Thirty-eight days after meeting, they were married. They had two daughters, Roberta Mika Jenkins (born 1983) and Brinda Carol Jenkins (born 1985). In 1982, Jenkins appeared in the North Korean film Unsung Heroes, which provided the first evidence to the Western world that he was alive. The U.S. government did not publicly reveal this information until 1996. Confirmation and return Jenkins drew international interest again in 2002, when North Korean leader Kim Jong-il confirmed that North Korea had abducted Japanese citizens. In an effort at détente, surviving abductees were allowed to travel to Japan, including Jenkins' wife. The visit was intended to last for a week, but the Japanese government chose not to return them on schedule and instead negotiated for their families to join them in Japan. Most of the families did ultimately travel to Japan, but Jenkins and his daughters stayed behind out of fear that the North Korean government was testing his loyalty. After assurances of protection from the Japanese government, he traveled with his daughters to Japan by way of Indonesia for medical treatment, arriving in Japan in July 2004. Japan formally requested a pardon for Jenkins, which the U.S. declined to grant. After expressing a desire to put his conscience at rest, Jenkins reported on September 11, 2004, to Camp Zama in Japan. He reported in respectful military form, saluting the receiving military police officer. On November 3, Jenkins pleaded guilty to charges of desertion and aiding the enemy, but denied making disloyal or seditious statements—the latter charges were dropped. He was sentenced to 30 days' confinement, received a dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and benefits and was reduced in rank to E-1 private (the lowest rank in the US Army). He was released six days early, on November 27, 2004, for good behavior. During his return, Jenkins also revealed a tip-off about the possible whereabouts of one of the victims from one of Singapore's most famous missing persons cases. The missing persons case involved the disappearance of five female social escorts, consisting of four Malaysians and one Singaporean, who were last seen boarding a ship to attend a supposed party on 19 August 1978. Jenkins stated that he saw one of the missing women, Malaysian Yeng Yoke Fun (aged 22 in 1978), in a North Korean amusement park in 1980 or 1981, and even recognised her from her mole when he was shown the photographs of the five missing women, sparking renewed interest and hope for both Malaysia and Singapore to locate the five missing women. Despite so, the women remained missing and there was little evidence to support Jenkins' claims. Final years and death Jenkins and his family settled on Sado Island in Japan, which is Soga's home. On June 14, 2005, Jenkins, his wife, and two daughters traveled to the United States to visit his 91-year-old mother in North Carolina, returning later in the month. He found work as a greeter at a shop in Japan. There were three other U.S. deserters who remained in North Korea as well: James Joseph Dresnok (who was interviewed for a 2006 British documentary, Crossing the Line), Private Larry Allen Abshier, and Specialist Jerry Wayne Parrish. The former two defected in 1962, while the latter defected in 1963. Dresnok continued to live in North Korea until his death in 2016. According to North Korean official reports, Abshier and Parrish died of natural causes while living in that country. On July 15, 2008, Jenkins obtained permanent residency status in Japan, a month after he applied for the status. Jenkins commented that he wanted to stay in Japan for the rest of his life, and would also like to obtain Japanese citizenship. He died at age 77 on December 11, 2017. Memoirs Jenkins published a book in Japanese in October 2005, titled To Tell the Truth (; Romaji: kokuhaku; ), about his experiences in North Korea. A Korean-language edition was also released in June 2006 by Mulpure Publishing of South Korea. (Korean: 고백, kobaek, ) An English-language version, titled The Reluctant Communist: My Desertion, Court-Martial, and Forty-Year Imprisonment in North Korea, co-authored with journalist Jim Frederick (), was published by the University of California Press on March 1, 2008. See also List of American and British defectors in the Korean War Roy Chung, deserted in June 1979 Joseph T. White, deserted in August 1982 References Talmadge, Eric "Deserter Adjusting to Life on Japan Island". Associated Press. January 31, 2005. "U.S. Army Deserter to Seek U.S. Passport". Associated Press. February 28, 2005. External links FEER interview with Jenkins, September 1, 2004 Asia Times – The strange saga of Charles Robert Jenkins BBC News – North Korea's mystery guest Frederick, Jim (December 6, 2004). "The Long Mistake". Time Asia. US deserter reunited with mother "Last Surviving US defector to North Korea speaks out", from the Korea Times, August 19, 2004 "Deserter Recalls N. Korean Hell" – Interview of Jenkins by Scott Pelley of CBS's 60 Minutes "Kokuhaku: Pictures", "Kokuhaku: Pictures 2" – Photos and translations from Jenkins' book published in Japan. "The Reluctant North Korean Film Star" – Interview with Charles Jenkins about film work and collaborating with the US government by Alex Hoban 1940 births 2017 deaths American defectors United States Army soldiers United States Army personnel who were court-martialed Deserters American expatriates in North Korea American expatriates in Japan American people imprisoned in North Korea Prisoners and detainees of the United States military North Korean male film actors People from Rich Square, North Carolina People from Sado, Niigata Korean people of American descent Korean people of British descent

708996

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Williams%20%28Delaware%20politician%29

James Williams (Delaware politician)

James Williams (August 4, 1825 – April 12, 1899) was an American farmer and politician from Smyrna, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly and as U. S. Representative from Delaware. Early life and family Williams was the son of John (1775-1849) and Esther Williams in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His father was a lumber merchant, and his early education was by private tutoring. He first became an apprentice carpenter, intending to become an architect. In 1848 his father bought a large estate in Kent County, Delaware and young Williams moved to Kenton to take up farming and manage the property. Professional and political career Williams became politically active in the Democratic Party, and was elected to the Delaware House of Representatives, serving in 1857/1858, 1863/1864 and 1883/84. He next served in the State Senate from 1891/92, and was the Speaker of the Senate for 1869/70. In 1872 he was a delegate to the party's national convention which nominated Horace Greeley for U.S. President. Williams was twice elected as Delaware's only member in the United States House of Representatives, serving in two terms from 1875 until 1879, in the 44th and 45th Congress under U.S. Presidents Ulysses S. Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes. He remained a farmer throughout his public service. After returning to private life he expanded into fertilizer manufacturing, and increased his farm holdings in Delaware and Maryland. In 1891 he moved to Smyrna, Delaware, but continued farming for the rest of his life. Death and legacy Williams lived quietly, died at Smyrna, and is buried there at the St. Peter's Episcopal Church Cemetery. Almanac Elections are held the first Tuesday after November 1. Members of the General Assembly take office the second Tuesday of January. State Senators have a four-year term and State Representatives have a two-year term. Williams completed part of an existing State Senate term. U.S. Representatives took office March 4 and have a two-year term. References External links Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Delaware's Members of Congress Find a Grave The Political Graveyard Places with more information Delaware Historical Society; website; 505 North Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801; (302) 655-7161 University of Delaware; Library website; 181 South College Avenue, Newark, Delaware 19717; (302) 831-2965 1825 births 1899 deaths People from Smyrna, Delaware Delaware state senators Members of the Delaware House of Representatives Members of the United States House of Representatives from Delaware Burials in Kent County, Delaware Delaware Democrats Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives 19th-century American politicians

721209

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Serrano%20El%C3%ADas

Jorge Serrano Elías

Jorge Antonio Serrano Elías (born 26 April 1945) was President of Guatemala from January 14, 1991 to June 1, 1993. Life and career Serrano was born 26 April 1945 in Guatemala City as the son of Jorge Adán Serrano and Rosa Elías, who was of Lebanese descent. After attending school in Switzerland he graduated in industrial engineering from the University of San Carlos, and then attended Stanford University in California, U.S., where he studied economic growth and gained a doctorate in education and science. He then returned to Guatemala to become a civil servant. In 1976 he collaborated with various American Protestant churches to help the population recover from the devastating earthquake that had afflicted the country. He then published a document describing the miserable conditions under which the indigenous population lived, which resulted in his receiving threats. He went into exile in the US, only returning in 1982, to work in the government of fellow evangelical General Efraín Ríos Montt as Vice President of the Advisory Board to the government. In 1985 Serrano stood as presidential candidate for the Democratic Party of National Co-operation (PDCN) and the Revolutionary Party (PR), coming third with 12.6% of the vote. In September 1987 as the political parties representative he became one of the four members of the National Reconciliation Commission (CNR). President (1991–1993) Serrano became the presidential candidate for the Solidarity Action Movement (MAS) in the 1990 presidential elections. He lost the first round on November 11 with 24.1% of the vote, and won the second round against Jorge Carpio on January 6, 1991 with 68.1% of the vote. Carpio unsuccessfully tried to use Serrano's fundamentalist beliefs against him as a campaign issue. On January 14, Serrano replaced Vinicio Cerezo as President of Guatemala. He was the second non-Catholic to gain power in Guatemala, after Ríos Montt. The transfer of power marked the first time in decades that an incumbent president had peacefully surrendered power to an elected opposition victor. As his party gained only 18 of 116 seats in Congress, Serrano entered into a tenuous alliance with the Christian Democrats and Carpio's National Union of the Center (UCN). The Serrano administration's record was mixed. It had some success in consolidating civilian control over the army, replacing a number of senior officers and persuading the military to participate in peace talks with the URNG. He took the politically unpopular step of recognizing the sovereignty of Belize. The Serrano administration reversed the economic slide it inherited, reducing inflation and boosting real growth. On May 25, 1993, Serrano sparked the 1993 Guatemalan constitutional crisis when he illegally suspended the constitution, dissolved Congress and the Supreme Court, imposed censorship and tried to restrict civil freedoms, allegedly to fight corruption. The attempted self-coup was similar to the one carried out by Peru's Alberto Fujimori. However, Serrano's action met with strong protests by most elements of Guatemalan society, at the forefront of which was the Siglo Veintiuno newspaper under the leadership of José Rubén Zamora. This was combined with international pressure, and the army's enforcement of the decisions of the Constitutional Court, which ruled against the attempted takeover. In the face of this pressure, Serrano as president on June 1 and fled the country. He was replaced on an interim basis by his vice president, Gustavo Adolfo Espina Salguero. However, Espina was involved in the coup as well, and Congress replaced him with Human Rights Ombudsman Ramiro de León Carpio. Post-presidency Serrano now resides in Panama with his wife Magda Bianchi de Serrano. He has a set of twin sons and a son named Juan Pablo Serrano, as well as two daughters. He has three sisters, one of whom is Olga Stella Serrano de Salazar, who currently resides in Guatemala City with her husband, Rafael Salazar Farfan. Guatemala has made numerous unsuccessful attempts to have him extradited on charges of corruption. Jorge Serrano is involved in real estate as a developer and investor in Panama and the U.S. state of Florida. References External links Presidents of Guatemala 1945 births Living people People from Guatemala City Guatemalan people of Lebanese descent Guatemalan Protestants Stanford University alumni Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala alumni 20th-century Guatemalan people Guatemalan emigrants to Panama Collars of the Order of Isabella the Catholic

723331

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20III%2C%20Duke%20of%20Cleves

John III, Duke of Cleves

John III, Duke of Cleves and Count of Mark (John III, Duke of Cleves; John I, Duke of Jülich-Berg; ; 10 November 1490 – 6 February 1538 or 1539), called John the Peaceful, was a son of John II, Duke of Cleves and Mathilde of Hesse, daughter of Henry III, Landgrave of Upper Hesse. John III became Regent of the United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg in 1521, and Lord of Ravensberg in 1528. John represented a compensatory attitude, which strove for a , a middle way, between the two confessions during the Protestant Reformation. Despite what others may have thought, not all Germanic princely houses were Lutheran Protestant. In fact the real influence at the court of Cleves was Erasmus. Many of his men were friends and followers of this well-educated Dutch scholar and theologian. When Duke John decided to write up a list of church regulations, Erasmus was the first person the Duke went to personally for consultation and approval. Duke John had an instinct for balance as was shown when he married his eldest daughter Sybille to John Frederick of Saxony. John Frederick would go on to later head the Schmalkaldic League. In many ways John of Cleves' court was ideal for raising a Queen. It was fundamentally liberal, but serious-minded, theologically inclined, and profoundly Erasmian, as the court of Catherine of Aragon had once been. It was from this court that his daughter Anne would be raised. Anne would go on to marry King Henry VIII of England as his fourth wife. Family In 1509, he married Maria of Jülich-Berg, daughter of Duke William IV of Jülich-Berg and Sybilla of Brandenburg, who became heiress to her father's estates Jülich, Berg and Ravensberg. They had the following children: Sybille (17 January 1512 – 21 February 1554), married Elector John Frederick of Saxony, head of the Protestant Confederation of Germany, "Champion of the Reformation". Had issue. Anne (28 June 1515 – 16 July 1557), who was briefly married to King Henry VIII of England, as his fourth wife. No issue. William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (28 July 1516 – 5 January 1592), married Maria, daughter of Emperor Ferdinand I, and had issue. Amalia (17 October 1517 – 1 March 1586) Ancestry References Sources 1490 births 1539 deaths Dukes of Cleves House of La Marck Dukes of Berg Counts of the Mark

724145

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Whittaker%20%28UKIP%20politician%29

John Whittaker (UKIP politician)

John Whittaker (born 7 June 1945) is a former UK Independence Party politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the North West England region from 2004 to 2009. Whittaker was born in Oldham, Lancashire. He was educated at Queen Mary University of London (BSc Physics, 1966) and the University of Cape Town (PhD Physics, 1980; BA Economics, 1982). He is a senior lecturer in economics at Lancaster University. His main research and teaching interests are in monetary policy and macroeconomics, and recently he has taken a particular interest in the problems associated with the single currency. He stood for UKIP in the Littleborough and Saddleworth by-election in 1995 where he came 5th out of 10 candidates behind the Official Monster Raving Loony Party. Whittaker was the UKIP's lead candidate in the North West for the European Parliament elections in 1999. Though UKIP gained 6.5% of the vote in the region, he fell short of being elected by about 0.5 per cent. However, in 2004 he was more successful, being one of 12 UKIP candidates to win a European seat in the big UKIP breakthrough of that year. He contested the 2005 general election for the constituencies of Ashton under Lyne, Crosby, Heywood and Middleton, Hyndburn, Manchester Central, Rochdale, Stalybridge and Hyde and Wigan. In 2005, Whittaker became UKIP's official spokesman on Economic and Monetary Affairs. In September 2006, following the election of Nigel Farage as leader of UKIP, Whittaker was appointed party chairman. References External links Feature page on UKIP website Profile at European Parliament website 1945 births Living people Alumni of Queen Mary University of London University of Cape Town alumni UK Independence Party parliamentary candidates People from Oldham Academics of Lancaster University UK Independence Party MEPs MEPs for England 2004–2009

725770

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justin%20Smith%20Morrill

Justin Smith Morrill

Justin Smith Morrill (April 14, 1810December 28, 1898) was an American politician and entrepreneur who served in the United States House of Representatives (1855–1867) and United States Senate (1867–1898) for Vermont. He is most widely remembered today for the Morrill Land-Grant Acts that established federal funding for establishing many of the United States' public colleges and universities. He was one of the founders of the Republican Party. Early life Morrill was born in Strafford, Vermont on April 14, 1810, the son of Mary Hunt (Proctor) Morrill and Nathaniel Morrill, a farmer, blacksmith, and militia leader who attained the rank of colonel. Morrill attended the common schools of Stratford, Thetford Academy and Randolph Academy. He then trained for a business career by working as a merchant's clerk in Strafford and Portland, Maine. He then was a merchant in Strafford, and the partnership in which he participated with Judge Jedediah H. Harris grew to own and operate four stores throughout the state. Morrill also served in local offices including Town Auditor and Justice of the Peace. One of Judge Harris's daughters married Portus Baxter, who also served in Congress. Baxter and Morrill became close friends as a result of the connection to Judge Harris, with Morrill referring to Baxter as "one of nature's noblemen" and Baxter consciously patterning his business and political career on Morrill's. Morrill invested in several successful ventures, including banks, railroads, and real estate. By the late 1840s he was financially secure enough to retire, and he became a gentleman farmer. In addition to farming, Morrill became active in the Whig Party, including serving as Chairman of the Orange County Whig Committee, a member of the Vermont State Whig Committee, and a Delegate to the 1852 Whig National Convention. Congressional career In 1854 Morrill was elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig. He was a founder of the Republican Party, and won reelection five times as a Republican, serving from March 4, 1855 to March 3, 1867. He served as chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means in the Thirty-ninth Congress. He also served on the Joint Committee on Reconstruction, which drafted the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. In 1866 Morrill was elected to the U.S. Senate as a Union Republican. He was reelected as a Republican in 1872, 1878, 1884, 1890, and 1896, and served from March 4, 1867, until his death, almost thirty-one years. He served as chairman of the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds (Forty-first through Forty-fourth Congresses) where he played a vital role in obtaining the current Library of Congress main building through his work on the Joint Select Committee on Additional Accommodations for the Library. He also served as chairman of the Committee on Finance (Forty-fifth, Forty-seventh through Fifty-second, Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses). In addition, Morrill was a regent of the Smithsonian Institution from 1883 to 1898 and a trustee of the University of Vermont from 1865 to 1898. Perhaps his most lasting legacy to Congress as an institution was his legislation to establish the National Statuary Hall Collection inside the United States Capitol, permitting each state to send two statues for display inside the Capitol to honor noteworthy citizens. Legislation The Morrill Tariff of 1861 was a protective tariff law adopted on March 2, 1861. Passed after anti-tariff southerners had left Congress during the process of secession, Morrill designed it with the advice of Pennsylvania economist Henry C. Carey. It was one of the last acts signed into law by James Buchanan, and replaced the Tariff of 1857. Additional tariffs Morrill sponsored were passed to raise revenue during the American Civil War. Morrill is best known for sponsoring the Morrill Act, also known as the Land Grant College Act. This act was signed into law by Abraham Lincoln in 1862, and established federal funding for higher education in every state of the country. In his own words: He also authored the Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act of 1862, which targeted The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, based on the then-existing practice of plural marriage (polygamy). It imposed a five-hundred dollar fine and up to five years imprisonment for the crime of polygamy. On January 6, 1879, in Reynolds v. United States the Supreme Court, upheld the Anti-Bigamy Act's ban on plural marriage. A second Land Grant College Act in 1890 targeted the former Confederate states and led to the creation of several historically black colleges and universities. The Land Grant College Acts ultimately led to the founding of 106 colleges including many state universities, polytechnic colleges, and agricultural and mechanical colleges. Personal In 1851, Morrill married Ruth Barrell Swan (1822–1898) of Easton, Massachusetts. They had two children. Justin Harris Morrill (1853–1855) died in childhood. James Swan Morrill (1857–1910) graduated from the University of Vermont in 1880 and Columbian College Law School in 1882. He was a lawyer and farmer and served in a variety of offices including as a member of the Vermont House of Representatives. He wrote Self-Consciousness of Noted Persons, published in 1886. Morrill died in Washington, D.C. on December 28, 1898. He was buried at Strafford Cemetery. At the time of Morrill's death his 43 years and 299 days of continuous Congressional service was the longest in U.S. history. He has since been surpassed, but still ranks 26th as of March 2021. Legacy The Justin Smith Morrill Homestead in Strafford is a National Historic Landmark. Many colleges established under the Morrill Act created a 'Morrill Hall' in his honor. Morrill was initiated into the Delta Upsilon fraternity as an honorary member in 1864. He received honorary degrees from the University of Vermont, University of Pennsylvania, Dartmouth College, and many other institutions. Justin Morrill College at Michigan State University was named for him. In 1962, the U.S. Postal Service issued a 4 cent postage stamp to celebrate the centennial of the Morrill Land-Grant College Act. In 1999, the Postal Service issued a 55 cent Great Americans series postage stamp of Morrill to honor his role in establishing the land grant colleges. In 1967 Ohio State University opened two residence halls on its campus. Named for Morrill and Abraham Lincoln, they are also known as The Towers. They are the tallest buildings on the OSU campus, and among the tallest in Columbus Ohio. See also List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899) References Further reading Cross, Coy F. Justin Smith Morrill, Father of the Land-Grant Colleges. Michigan State University Press: 1999. . Memorial Address on the Life and Character of Justin S. Morrill. Government Printing Office: 1899. External links Includes Guide to Research Collections where his papers are located. "An Audacious Act: How a High School Dropout Helped Educate America" produced by WFCR New England Public Radio and journalist Lisa Mullins NDSU shrine to Morrill Vermont Division for Historic Preservation Friends of the Morrill Homestead Justin Morrill: Land For Learning Documentary produced by Vermont Public Television Justin S. Morrill papers at Baker Library Special Collections, Harvard Business School. 1810 births 1898 deaths United States senators from Vermont Members of the United States House of Representatives from Vermont People of Vermont in the American Civil War Vermont culture People from Strafford, Vermont Vermont Whigs Vermont Republicans Republican Party United States senators Burials in Vermont Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives Half-Breeds (Republican Party) 19th-century American politicians Thetford Academy, Vermont alumni

726889

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Johnstone

Peter Johnstone

Peter Johnstone may refer to: Peter Johnstone (mathematician) (born 1948), professor of mathematics Peter Johnstone (governor) (born 1944), Governor of Anguilla Peter Johnstone (rugby union) (1922–1997), New Zealand rugby union player Peter Johnstone (footballer) (1887–1917), Scottish footballer See also Peter Johnston (disambiguation)

729911

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher%20Harris

Christopher Harris

Christopher Harris may refer to: Christopher Harris (died 1623) MP for West Looe, Cornwall Christopher Harris (died 1625), MP for Plymouth, Devon in 1584 Christopher Harris (died 1628), MP for Harwich Christopher Columbus Harris (1842–1935), United States Representative from Alabama Christopher Harris (cricketer, born 1942), English cricketer Christopher Harris, mass murderer from Beason, Illinois See also Chris Harris (disambiguation)

733198

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20John%20Ramos

Peter John Ramos

Peter John Ramos Fuentes (born May 23, 1985) is a Puerto Rican former professional basketball player and professional wrestler. He is the sixth athlete from Puerto Rico to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the third drafted, gathering success in the NBA Development League (NBDL), where he was an All Star during the 2006–07 season. Ramos has also played in Baloncesto Superior Nacional (BSN), the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) and the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). He was a member of the Puerto Rico national basketball team from 2004 to 2016, making his Olympic debut in the game where Puerto Rico defeated the United States at Athens. As a professional wrestler, Ramos began his career in the World Wrestling Council (WWC) in 2019. Biography Early life Ramos' father abandoned their home when he was five years old. He would then travel to New York with his mother and siblings. Early in his life, Ramos' unusual height made him victim to verbal harassment. In 1999 when he was fourteen years old, already seven feet tall, Ramos was noticed by former basketball player Santiago Gotay in a clothing store. When Gotay learned that Ramos was born in Puerto Rico he contacted Félix Rivera, owner of the Criollos de Caguas in the National Superior Basketball (BSN). Rivera decided to recruit Ramos and bring him to the BSN, and traveled to New York to offer him a contract, despite the fact he had not seen him play basketball. Ramos met members of his family when he came to Caguas and he began studies at the Colegio Bautista. Under the guidance of coach Leonel Arril, Ramos began learning the techniques of the basketball game. Ramos continued getting taller, and by 2004 he was already 7'3". He led his high school to two National Championships. In the Puerto Rican Basketball League, Ramos developed quickly and in 2002, he won the Most Improved Player Award. In 2003, he earned a spot in the Puerto Rico national basketball team and participated in the Pan American Games. National Basketball Association Ramos participated in the 2004 season of the BSN, finishing with averages of 20.4 points and 9.4 rebounds per game. In April Ramos announced he would enter the 2004 NBA Draft, hinting that he would withdraw if not a top 15 selection. On draft night, he was picked as the 32nd selection in the draft's second round, by the Washington Wizards. Frustrated with himself, Ramos abandoned the ceremony once the first round concluded. During summer of 2004, Ramos participated with the Wizards during the NBA Summer Pro League, and was a member of the 2004 Puerto Rican National Basketball Team which defeated the United States in the 2004 Olympic Games. During the 2004–05 NBA season Ramos played in six games scoring 11 points with 4 rebounds and 1 block. Ramos spent most of the year on the inactive/injured reserve list. During the summer of 2005, Ramos participated with the Wizards during the NBA Summer Pro League for a second straight year. At the start of the 2005–06 season Ramos was assigned to the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA Development League. He was called up by the Wizards on January 19, 2006, and reassigned back to Roanoke on 21 January. Ramos finished the season in the NBA D-League second in blocks with 78. In 2006 Ramos participated with the Wizards during the NBA Summer Pro League for a third straight year. And again represented Puerto Rico in the Basketball World Championship 2006. Ramos was waived by the Washington Wizards during 2006 Pre-Season Training Camp. On November 2, 2006, Ramos was drafted by the Idaho Stampede with the 9th pick of the first round of the 2006 NBA Development League draft. That season Ramos was selected as a participant for the NBDL All-Star Game, but did not participate in All Star game due to injury. On February 28, 2007, Ramos was waived by the Idaho Stampede due to injury. Ramos earned All-NBA Development League Honorable Mention for his 2006–07 performance. Puerto Rico and Europe In 2007 Ramos returned to the Criollos de Caguas of the National Superior Basketball after a two-year absence. He finished with an average of 17.5 points per game. In 2007, Ramos represented Puerto Rico as a member of the Puerto Rican National Basketball Team during the 2007 Pan American Games, winning the silver medal. Ramos signed with Alta Gestión Fuenlabrada to play in the 2007–08 season of the Spanish Liga ACB league. Ramos played the 2008 BSN season with averages of 17.5 points and 9.8 rebounds per game. He was selected as a starter in the 2008 BSN All-Star Game, where he was selected the game's most valuable player and scored twenty-two points and nine rebounds. While Caguas participated in the BSN "Super-6" round, Ramos claimed that he had matured since traveling to Spain, which helped him in his game. Ramos later played for the Piratas de Quebradillas, Capitanes de Arecibo and currently is playing with Los Brujos de Guayama in Puerto Rico. In 2018, he returned to Puerto Rico,to play with the Leones de Ponce. He was selected as part the reserves of the All Star team for the league's all star game against the Puerto Rican National Team. Asia In 2011, Ramos signed with the Seoul Samsung Thunders in South Korea. On November 7, 2011 he was released from Seoul Samsung Thunders after averaging 18.1 pts. and 9.9 reb. In December 2014, Ramos signed with the Kia Carnival at the Philippine Basketball Association and will play as an import for the team at the 2015 PBA Commissioner's Cup. Ramos was chosen by Kia head coach Manny Pacquiao for his shot blocking skills. Kia is banking on Ramos to turn its fortunes around after finishing its maiden PBA conference with a woeful 1–10 win-loss record. In 2017, the 25th of February, Ramos signed with one of the best Clubs in Asia Club Sagesse from Lebanon. In 2018, he joined Alab Pilipinas with fellow Puerto Rican, Renaldo Balkman. With Ramos and Balkman, the Philippine squad managed to dominate the league but fell short in two games against the Eastern Sports Club (basketball) of Hong Kong in the playoffs. Career stats Ramos's NBA stats in 6 games are 11 points with a 1.8 PPG, 4 rebounds with a 0.7 RPG, 1 block with a 0.2 BPG, a .500 field goal and .500 free throw percentage. His NBA Development League stats in 76 games with 73 starts, 1,075 points with a 14.1 PPG, 80 assists with a 1.1 APG, 541 rebounds with a 7.1 RPG, 123 blocks with a 1.6 BPG, 23 steals with a 0.3 SPG, .574 field goal percentage and .606 free-throw percentage. Domestic leagues Career accomplishments He became the third ever Puerto Rican player to be drafted by an NBA team 2002 BSN Most Improved Player Award 2006–07 NBDL All-Star 2006–07 All-NBDL Honorable Mention Professional wrestling career World Wrestling Council (2019–2020) In 2016, Ramos expressed interest in making a crossover into professional wrestling following his retirement from basketball, noting he had already declined invitations to do so. Others in his family were already involved in the business, his brother-in-law is an in-ring performer and his sister is a referee. Two years later he reaffirmed this plan, believing that the retirement of several high-profile tall wrestlers created more opportunities to succeed. On September 18, 2019, Ramos made his first backstage appearance for the World Wrestling Council, becoming involved in a segment with Puerto Rico Heavyweight Champion Pedro Portillo III. This led to Ramos appearing as the guest referee of a retirement match between Ray González and Gilbert (storyline boss to Portillo) at Noche de Campeones. Prior to this, Carlos Colón Sr. noted that he was monitoring his progress. Ramos was booked in a heel turn on González, afterward joining the villainous faction known as El Sindicato, which was disbanded at the end of the season. Afterwards he became the enforcer of a nascent stable known as The Dynasty, joining Eddie Colón and Gilbert. Ramos’ in ring debut took place on January 25, 2020, in a handicap match where he easily defeated two independent wrestlers. The following week he scored another swift win over Jax, a third party performer for the regional Borinquén Sport Promotion (BSP). An extreme rules match against fellow multi-sport athlete Carlos Cotto was scheduled for February 15, 2019, but later postponed when Ramos refused to perform in “a small town” by citing contractual clauses. This role actually helped his basketball career, since it allowed him to drop 30 pounds and begin the 2020 BSN season in shape. Beast Mode (2020–present) During the hiatus caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, Ramos left WWC and joined Germán Figueroa to form a team known as Beast Mode, with Qatar Pro Wrestling as their first promotion abroad. When the BSN resumed the 2020 season in a bubble, he didn't participate with the Leones in order to dedicate full time to professional wrestling. On December 18, 2021, Beast Mode made its debut for Organization International de Lucha (OIL) with a win over Sons of Samoa. The alliance that this company had with Robles Promotions led to Ramos wrestling in Mexico in January 2022, adopting Mr. Beast as his ring name. See also List of Puerto Ricans Puerto Rico at the 2004 Summer Olympics List of tallest players in National Basketball Association history Puerto Rico Men's National Basketball Team José "Piculín" Ortiz Carlos Arroyo Jorge Brian Díaz References External links NBA.com Profile - Peter John Ramos NBA-DL Player Profile - Peter John Ramos BSN Player Profile - Peter John Ramos ESPN.com - Peter John Ramos Basketball-Reference.com - Peter John Ramos Basketball-Reference.com - NBDL Stats Draft Profile 1985 births Living people 2006 FIBA World Championship players 2010 FIBA World Championship players Baloncesto Fuenlabrada players Baloncesto Superior Nacional players Basketball players at the 2003 Pan American Games Basketball players at the 2004 Summer Olympics Basketball players at the 2007 Pan American Games Capitanes de Arecibo players Centers (basketball) Terrafirma Dyip players Idaho Stampede players Jilin Northeast Tigers players Leones de Ponce basketball players Liga ACB players Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games National Basketball Association players from Puerto Rico Olympic basketball players of Puerto Rico Pan American Games medalists in basketball Pan American Games silver medalists for Puerto Rico People from Fajardo, Puerto Rico Philippine Basketball Association imports Piratas de Quebradillas players Puerto Rican male professional wrestlers Puerto Rican men's basketball players Qingdao Eagles players Roanoke Dazzle players San Miguel Alab Pilipinas players Seoul Samsung Thunders players Washington Wizards draft picks Washington Wizards players Zhejiang Lions players Sagesse SC basketball players Criollos de Caguas basketball players American expatriate basketball people in Taiwan Puerto Rican expatriate basketball people in Spain American expatriate basketball people in China Puerto Rican expatriate basketball people in South Korea American expatriate basketball people in the Philippines Puerto Rican expatriates in the Philippines American expatriate basketball people in the Dominican Republic Puerto Rican expatriates in the Dominican Republic

735998

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Harrison%20Folsom

William Harrison Folsom

William Harrison Folsom (March 25, 1815 – March 19, 1901) was an architect and contractor. He constructed many of the historic buildings in Utah, particularly in Salt Lake City. Folsom is probably best known as a Latter-day Saint ("Mormon") architect. Many of his most prominent works were commissioned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). For a time he was sustained as the Church Architect, a calling in the church. Personal life Folsom was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. By the age of 16 he held a supervisory position in his father's contracting firm. Folsom directed up to hundreds of employees on dock projects around Lake Erie. He and his father then moved to Buffalo, New York, where they ran a building business. In New York Folsom met his future wife Zervial Eliza Clark, whom he married at age 22 on August 12, 1837. Folsom also encountered Latter Day Saint stonemason Enoch Reese, who helped convert him to Mormonism. Folsom and his wife were baptized members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in a frigid Niagara River on February 17, 1842. Folsom and his wife traveled to Nauvoo, Illinois, in the spring of 1842. Nauvoo was then headquarters of the church, and Folsom became an acquaintance of Joseph Smith, the church's founder. Early career Folsom worked on the Nauvoo Temple until its completion in May 1846, when Mormons were forced from Nauvoo. He worked on the temple with Truman Angell and Miles Romney both of whom became lifelong friends. At this point Folsom moved to Keokuk, Iowa. In 1851 he traveled to the Sacramento California area to the town of Rough and Ready where he worked on water projects that were needed to mine gold. He then returned to his family in 1852. Folsom committed to follow Brigham Young to the Salt Lake Valley. In 1854, he set out for Salt Lake City but arrived at Council Bluffs, Iowa, ten days too late to join the last company west. Instead, he stayed at Council Bluffs for six years employed as a builder. Notably, he worked on columns for the Nebraska Territory capitol building, which were transported across the Missouri River from Council Bluffs to Omaha. In 1860, Folsom finally set out for Utah Territory with a relatively large outfit of four wagon teams. Soon after his October 3 arrival in Salt Lake City, Folsom opened shop on Main Street downtown. Brigham Young, president of the LDS Church, put him to work on church projects almost immediately. He was sustained as Church Architect in the October 1861 General Conference. Architect Folsom worked prolifically in the 1860s. By 1864, he was planner in two constructions firms, one was with Miles Romney. Folsom himself drew the plans or was involved in the construction of many historic Utah buildings including the Old Salt Lake Theater, the Salt Lake Tabernacle, the Salt Lake City Council Hall, the Provo Tabernacle, the Provo Theater, the Moroni Tabernacle, and the original ZCMI building in downtown Salt Lake City. Folsom also had ecclesiastical duties in the LDS Church, serving first as a stake high councilor and then as first counselor in the Salt Lake Stake Presidency in 1874. In 1867, Truman O. Angell, who had recovered from poor health, was again made church architect and Folsom was made his assistant. In 1877, while serving as an assistant to the church architect, Folsom was called by the LDS Church to design the Manti Temple; Folsom lived in Manti, Utah, until the temple's completion in 1888. Returning to Salt Lake City, he was building inspector under Mayor John Clark until 1890. Folsom served some of his last years as an LDS Church stake patriarch before his death. Images of works See also Temple architecture (Latter-day Saints) List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Sources External links Biography of William Harrison Folsom. Written by Nina F. Moss 1815 births 1901 deaths 19th-century American architects American Latter Day Saint artists American leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Architects from Salt Lake City Architects of Latter Day Saint religious buildings and structures Converts to Mormonism Latter Day Saints from Illinois Latter Day Saints from New York (state) Latter Day Saints from Utah Mormon pioneers Patriarchs (LDS Church)

746938

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Ross

Stephen Ross

Stephen Ross may refer to: Stephen Ross, Baron Ross of Newport (1926–1993), British politician; former Liberal Member of Parliament Stephen Ross (economist) (1944–2017), American economist and author Stephen David Ross (born 1935), American philosopher Stephen L. Ross (c. 1815–1891), American farmer and legislator Stephen M. Ross (born 1940), American real estate developer and owner of the Miami Dolphins Stephen M. Ross (politician) (born 1951), American politician in North Carolina See also Steve Ross (disambiguation)

750286

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Marshall%20Walker

Joseph Marshall Walker

Joseph Marshall Walker (July 1, 1784 – January 20, 1856) was a Louisiana soldier and politician and the 13th Governor of Louisiana, from 1850-1853. He is best known for being the first Governor inaugurated in the new state capital building in Baton Rouge. Early life Walker was born in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana in July, 1786 when Louisiana was a colony of Spain. Walker was the son of English immigrant Peter Walker and Charlotte Constance Revoil, a second-generation Louisiana creole woman. He married Catherine Carter of Adams County, Mississippi, in the mid-1810s, and together they had twelve children. In 1807, Walker went to Mexico and joined the Spanish army, serving as a lieutenant of dragoons, and later becoming master of a military school at Chihuahua. After the outbreak of the War of 1812 he returned to New Orleans and enlisted in the Louisiana State Militia where he fought against the British in the Battle of New Orleans at Chalmette, Louisiana. Political career A member of the Democratic Party, Walker was first elected to public office in 1820, as a member of the House of Representatives of Louisiana. On January 22, 1822, he was promoted to Brigadier General of the First Brigade of the State Militia, serving concurrently with his role as a member of the state house. Walker was reelected to the legislature three times—in 1822, 1832, and 1836. He was active in promoting the State Militia, and was credited with improving the organization and discipline of that force. In 1846 he served as State Treasurer. In 1849 he ran for Governor, winning against split Whig opposition from General Alexander De Clouet and Duncan F. Kenner. On 28 January 1850, he became the first governor inaugurated in the new state capital at Baton Rouge. As governor, he established a free public school system for white children. There was widespread opposition to the 1846 State Constitution, and in 1852, a convention elected to adopt a new one. Walker strongly objected to this document, and, as a result, he subsequently resigned his position the following year, retiring to a family plantation in Rapides Parish. He turned down offers from Democratic Party officials to be their candidate for the United States House of Representatives. Joseph Marshall Walker died three years later in 1856 and is buried on his plantation. References Sobel, Robert, and John Raimo, eds. Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States, 1789–1978, Vol. 2, Westport, Conn.; Meckler Books, 1978. 4 vols. State of Louisiana - Biography 1784 births 1856 deaths Members of the Louisiana House of Representatives Speakers of the Louisiana House of Representatives Governors of Louisiana Politicians from New Orleans American people of English descent Louisiana Creole people American people of the Mexican–American War Louisiana Democrats Democratic Party state governors of the United States 19th-century American politicians

753806

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Jackson%20Hunt

Henry Jackson Hunt

Henry Jackson Hunt (September 14, 1819 – February 11, 1889) was Chief of Artillery in the Army of the Potomac during the American Civil War. Considered by his contemporaries the greatest artillery tactician and strategist of the war, he was a master of the science of gunnery and rewrote the manual on the organization and use of artillery in early modern armies. His courage and tactics affected the outcome of some of the most significant battles in the war, including Malvern Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and most notably at Gettysburg, where his operational decisions contributed greatly to the defeat of Pickett's Charge. Early life and family Hunt was born in the frontier outpost of Detroit, Michigan, the son of Samuel Wellington Hunt, an Army infantry officer who entered West Point in 1814 and died in 1829. He was named after his uncle, Henry Jackson Hunt, who was the second mayor of Detroit. His grandfather was Colonel Thomas Hunt, who served with distinction in the Continental Army throughout the American Revolution and served in the United States Army after the war until his death in 1808. Thus, Hunt was a hereditary member of the Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati by right of his grandfather's service. As a child in 1827, he accompanied his father on the expedition to the future Kansas Territory that founded Fort Leavenworth. His brother, Lewis Cass Hunt (1824–1886), served throughout the Civil War in the infantry, becoming a brigadier general of volunteers in 1862, and brevet brigadier general in the Regular Army in 1865. Career Mexican-American War and Instructions for Field Artillery He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1839 as a brevet second lieutenant in the 2nd U.S. Artillery. He served in the Mexican War under Winfield Scott, and was appointed a brevet captain for gallantry at Contreras and Churubusco and to major at Chapultepec. Hunt was a veteran member of the Aztec Club of 1847 and a First Class Companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States which were military societies of United States officers who had served in the Mexican War and Civil War respectively. On October 5, 1856, Brevet Major Hunt commanded Company M, 2nd U.S. Artillery from Fort Leavenworth, that protected the polls at Eaton, Kansas, during the territorial legislature elections. Hunt served with the same unit during the Utah War in 1857 against the Mormons. His permanent (regular army) promotions to captain and major were in 1852 and 1861, respectively. In 1856 Hunt was a member of a three-man board that revised field artillery drill and tactics for the army. The Instructions for Field Artillery manual written by the three (Hunt, William H. French, and William F. Barry) was published by the War Department in 1861 and was the "bible" of Northern field artillerists during the war. He was a principal proponent of the organizational doctrine that allowed infantry brigades to retain artillery batteries for close-in support, but that moved batteries formerly assigned to divisions and corps to an Artillery Reserve at the army level for more strategic control. Civil War First Bull Run through Chancellorsville Hunt achieved some fame in the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861, when his four-gun battery covered the retreat of a Union force with a close-in artillery duel. He soon afterward became chief of artillery in the Department of Northeast Virginia, defending Washington, D.C. As a colonel on the staff of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, Hunt organized and trained the artillery reserve of the Army of the Potomac and fought with it in the Peninsula Campaign. Throughout the war he contributed more than any officer to the effective employment of the artillery arm. With the artillery reserve at the Battle of Malvern Hill, his 250 guns repelled repeated Confederate infantry assaults with such gruesome efficiency that the Union infantry had little to do. He personally commanded a group of 60 guns that he employed as if they were a single battery (usually Union batteries contained six guns). On September 15, 1862, the day after the Battle of South Mountain, Hunt was promoted to brigadier general of volunteers and McClellan assigned him as chief of artillery in the Army of the Potomac for the imminent Battle of Antietam, where he deployed the Artillery Reserve to great effect. At the Battle of Fredericksburg in December, his gun emplacements on Stafford Heights effectively eliminated any possibility that Gen. Robert E. Lee could counterattack Union forces across the Rappahannock River. In the run-up to the Battle of Chancellorsville in May 1863, Hunt fell out of favor of Army of the Potomac commander Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker and lost direct command of the Artillery Reserve, reducing him in effect to an administrative staff role. The lack of coordination of the artillery forces that resulted from this snub were well recognized as a contributing factor in the embarrassing Union defeat. Although Hooker restored Hunt's command after three days of battle, it was too late to affect the outcome. Hunt was also a proponent of artillery practices that reflected his conservative nature. Although acknowledging the power of massed batteries to repel infantry assaults (such as at Malvern Hill or against Pickett's Charge in the Battle of Gettysburg), he urged his gun crews to fire slowly and deliberately and reprimanded them if they exceeded an average of one shot per minute. He believed that faster rates impaired accurate targeting and depleted ammunition faster than could be replenished. A story often told about Hunt was when he exclaimed to a gunner of a fast-firing gun, "Young man, are you aware that every round you fire costs $2.67?" Fast firing also implied to him that the gun crew was not brave enough to stand fast on the battlefield, wanting to get back behind the lines for resupply. Success at Gettysburg Hunt's most famous service in the war was at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863. His new commander, Maj. Gen. George G. Meade, had considerably more respect for Hunt than Hooker did and not only gave him great latitude in directing the artillery, but also used him on occasion as his personal representative. For example, on July 2, Meade sent Hunt to visit III Corps commander Maj. Gen. Daniel E. Sickles in an attempt to get his defensive lines to conform to orders. (Sickles' insubordinate movement from Cemetery Ridge, where he had been ordered to defend, to the Peach Orchard caused considerable difficulty for the entire Union defense.) Hunt was unable to influence the irascible political general, but his masterful analysis of terrain and placement of batteries on the ridge were important factors in the Union's eventual success on the second day. His handling of the artillery was conspicuous in the repulse of Pickett's Charge on July 3. During a morning inspection, Hunt observed activity in the Confederate lines and rightly concluded an assault was being readied. Later, with the Union line on Cemetery Ridge under massive bombardment from Longstreet's corps artillery chief, Col. Edward Porter Alexander, Hunt was able to resist command pressure from fiery II Corps commander Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock who had demanded Union fire to lift the spirits of the infantrymen pinned down under Alexander's bombardment. Hunt ordered that counter-battery fire cease to conserve ammunition, reserving sufficient amounts for anti-personnel fire in the attack he knew was coming. Hunt also directed his cannons to cease fire slowly to create the illusion that they were being destroyed one by one, which fooled the Confederates into thinking his batteries were destroyed and triggered their disastrous charge. His concealed placement of Lt. Col. Freeman McGilvery's batteries north of Little Round Top caused massive casualties in the infantry assault. Hunt was rewarded for his service with the brevet of colonel in the Regular Army. Hunt reported in detail on the artillery's role at Gettysburg. He always maintained that the Confederate attack would never have happened had he been allowed to do what he'd intended—conserve his long-range ammunition during the initial southern bombardment, then hit them with everything he had when they lined up for their advance. In addition to Instructions for Field Artillery, Hunt was the author of papers on Gettysburg in the Battles and Leaders series. Siege of Petersburg The rest of the war was an anticlimax for Hunt. He served in Virginia to the end of the war, managing the siege operations of Petersburg in 1864 and 1865. He was breveted major general both in the volunteers and in the Regular Army. Postbellum When the U.S. Army was reorganized in 1866, Hunt became colonel of the 5th U.S. Artillery. He served as commanding officer of Fort Adams in Newport, Rhode Island from May 20, 1869 until November 10, 1875 and as president of the permanent Artillery Board. Hunt held various commands until retirement from the Army in 1883. Later life Upon retirement in 1883, Hunt become governor of the Soldiers' Home in Washington, D.C. He died in 1889 and is buried in the Soldiers' Home National Cemetery. Fort Hunt Park in Northern Virginia is named after Hunt. In popular media Hunt is featured prominently in the alternate history novel Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War by Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen. He also appears in the sequel novels of the series, Grant Comes East and Never Call Retreat: Lee and Grant: The Final Victory. See also List of American Civil War generals (Union) Notes References Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. . Johnson, Robert Underwood, and Clarence C. Buel, eds. Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. 4 vols. New York: Century Co., 1884-1888. . Further reading Longacre, Edward G. The Man Behind the Guns: A Military Biography of General Henry J. Hunt. South Brunswick, NJ: A. S. Barnes, 1977. . External links Biography of the younger Hunt Biographical notes on the elder Hunt Notes about the Hunt family of Detroit. In The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922, edited by Clarence M. Burton. Detroit: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co., 1922. . Henry Hunt Papers Archive Project History of U.S. Army Artillery 1819 births 1889 deaths Military personnel from Detroit American military personnel of the Mexican–American War Members of the Aztec Club of 1847 United States Military Academy alumni Union Army generals People of Michigan in the American Civil War Burials at United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery

755192

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Smith%20Bush

James Smith Bush

James Smith Bush (June 15, 1825 – November 11, 1889) was an American attorney, Episcopal priest, religious writer, and an ancestor of the Bush political family. He was the father of business magnate Samuel Prescott Bush, grandfather of former U.S. Senator Prescott Bush, great-grandfather of former U.S. President George H. W. Bush and great-great-grandfather of former Texas Governor and President George W. Bush and former Florida Governor Jeb Bush. Biography James Smith Bush was born in Rochester, New York, to Obadiah Newcomb Bush and Harriet Smith (1800–1867). In 1851, his father, returned from the California Gold Rush after two years in order to reclaim his family and bring them west. He died aboard a ship on his return voyage and was presumably buried at sea. Yale College Bush entered Yale College in 1841 (class of 1844), the first of what would become a long family tradition, as his grandsons Prescott Sheldon Bush and James Bush, great-grandsons George H. W. Bush, Prescott Sheldon Bush, Jr., Jonathan Bush and William H. T. Bush, great great-grandson George W. Bush, and great-great-great-granddaughter Barbara are all Yale alumni. He is accounted among the over 300 Yale alumni and faculty who supported in 1883 the founding of Wolf's Head Society. After Yale, he returned to Rochester and studied law, joining the bar in 1847. First marriage His first wife, Sarah Freeman, lived in Saratoga Springs. They married in 1851, but she died 18 months later during childbirth. This prompted Bush to study divinity with the rector of the Episcopal church there. Ordained a deacon in 1855, he was appointed rector at the newly organized Grace Church in Orange, New Jersey. Second marriage On February 24, 1859, he married Harriet Eleanor [Fay], daughter of Samuel Howard and Susan [Shellman] Fay, at Trinity Church, New York City. Fay was born in Savannah, Georgia. Her father is the sixth generation removed to John Fay, immigrant patriarch, born in England abt. 1648, embarking on May 30, 1656, at Gravesend on the ship Speedwell, and arrived in Boston June 27, 1656. Children James Freeman, b. June 15, 1860, Essex Co., NJ Samuel Prescott, b. October 4, 1863, Orange., NJ Harold Montfort, b. November 14, 1871, Dansville, NY Eleanor Howard, b. November 7, 1873, Staten Island, NY Samuel was named after Harriet Fay's grandfather, Samuel Prescott Phillips Fay. Career In 1865–66, having been given a health sabbatical by his church, he traveled to San Francisco via the Straits of Magellan on the ironclad monitor with Commodore John Rodgers (a parishioner of his), with international goodwill stops along the way. Officially, he was designated Commodore's Secretary, but was considered "acting chaplain", giving services on board and even conducting a shipboard wedding for a German American they encountered in Montevideo, an incident Bush recounted in dispatches he wrote for The Overland Monthly. Coincidentally, the fleet observed the punitive shelling of a defenseless Valparaíso, Chile by the Spanish Navy during the Chincha Islands War, after mediation efforts by Rodgers failed. In 1867–1872, Bush was called to Grace Church (later Cathedral) in San Francisco, but troubled by family obligations, only stayed five years. His short stay along with that of photographic roll film inventor Hannibal Goodwin was to be satirized by Mark Twain in his weekly column in The Californian. In 1872, Bush took a call from Church of the Ascension at West Brighton, Staten Island. In 1884, during a dispute over a church raffle (a gold watch was auctioned, which he considered gambling), he stepped down. In 1883, Bush published a collection of sermons called More Words About the Bible, a response to his colleague Heber Newton's book Right and Wrong Uses of the Bible. In 1885, his book Evidence of Faith was reviewed by The Literary World as "clear, simple, and unpretending", and summarized as an argument against supernatural explanations for God. According to the same journal, both works fit into the broad church movement. The Boston Advertiser called the latter work "the best statement of untrammeled spiritual thought" among recent books. Bush retired to Concord, Massachusetts, and in 1888 left the Episcopal Church altogether and became a Unitarian. The stress of this separation caused him health problems for the remainder of his life. He moved to Ithaca, New York where he died suddenly while raking leaves in 1889. Published works Sermons Books References External links https://web.archive.org/web/20060430180430/http://svu2000.org/genealogy/George_W.pdf http://mssa.library.yale.edu/obituary_record/1859_1924/1889-90.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20021006163356/http://www.gracecathedral.org/enrichment/crypt/cry_20010221.shtml 1825 births 1889 deaths American Episcopal priests American Unitarians Bush family Converts to Unitarianism Lawyers from San Francisco University of Rochester alumni Yale College alumni People from Orange, New Jersey People from Staten Island Religious leaders from Rochester, New York 19th-century American politicians Lawyers from Rochester, New York Writers from Rochester, New York Burials at Sleepy Hollow Cemetery

755785

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Newman

William Newman

William Newman may refer to: William Newman (woodcarver) (born c. 1649, flourished 1670–1694), English woodcarver William Newman (MP) for Poole (UK Parliament constituency) William Newman (computer scientist) (1939–2019), British computer scientist William Newman (priest) (1811–1864), inaugural Anglican Dean of Cape Town William Newman (actor) (1934–2015), American actor William Newman (Canadian politician) (1873–?), politician from Ontario, Canada William Gould Newman, politician from Ontario, Canada; MPP, 1967–1981 William Newman (American football) (c. 1882 – 1964), American college football player and coach William A. Newman (born 1948), American painter and computer artist William P. Newman (1810–1866), fugitive slave William R. Newman (born 1955), American historian of science William S. Newman (1912–2000), American musicologist William Truslow Newman (1843–1920), U.S. federal judge William Clifford Newman (1928–2017), American clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church Billy Newman (born 1947), Irish footballer William Alexander Newman, better known as Sandy Newman, member of Marmalade (band) See also William Neuman William Neumann Newman (surname)

761881

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20Craig%20Wright

J. Craig Wright

J. Craig Wright (June 21, 1929 – February 3, 2010) was a former Republican justice of the Ohio Supreme Court who served in that office from 1985 to 1996. Justice Wright was born June 21, 1929, in Chillicothe, Ohio to Harry Jr. and Marjorie Riddle Wright and grew up in Lima, Ohio. He graduated from Woodberry Forest School in 1947, received a bachelor's degree from the University of Kentucky in 1951 and graduated from Yale Law School in 1954. From 1955 through 1956, he served as a special agent in the U.S. Army Counter Intelligence Corps. Upon completion of his military service, he entered private practice with the law firm of Wright, Gilbert and Jones in Columbus, Ohio. His judicial career began with his election to the Franklin County Common Pleas Court in 1970, where he served as a judge in The General Division for 14 years. He defeated incumbent Justice James P. Celebrezze in November 1984 to win election to his first term on the Supreme Court and was re-elected in 1990. He was replaced by Justice Evelyn Lundberg Stratton after retiring from the Supreme Court in 1996. Following his retirement from the Supreme Court, Justice Wright entered private practice in Columbus, Ohio. He retired from private practice in 2003 and served by assignment of the Chief Justice on the Ohio Court of Claims through 2009. In addition to his judicial and legal activities, Justice Wright was appointed by Governor Bob Taft to serve on the Ohio Chemical Dependency Professionals Board from 2003 to 2006 and, at the time of his death, he was serving on the Ohio Public Defender Commission pursuant to an appointment from the Supreme Court. Justice Wright's legacy includes participation with other lawyers and judges in establishing one of the first efforts in the nation to address substance abuse in the legal profession. This effort was a precursor to the Ohio Lawyers Assistance Program that has provided drug and alcohol dependency and mental illness treatment services to thousands of Ohio judges, lawyers, and law students since 1991. "Craig Wright was an extraordinary jurist," said Chief Justice Thomas J. Moyer. "His intellect and his years of experience in the law served him well as a trial judge and Justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio. Craig's work in the field of alcohol and chemical addiction extended and improved the lives of hundreds of people. I have lost a good friend." Justice Wright is survived by two daughters, Marjorie Jane and Alice Ann, three grandchildren, a sister, Patricia Wright Klitgaard and a brother, Michael Wright. He was preceded in death by his wife, the former Jane LaFollette and his two brothers: Thornton and Harry Wright III. References Ohio Chemical Dependency Professionals Board Ohio Republicans Justices of the Ohio Supreme Court Yale Law School alumni University of Kentucky alumni 2010 deaths 1929 births Lawyers from Columbus, Ohio Politicians from Chillicothe, Ohio Military personnel from Ohio Woodberry Forest School alumni 20th-century American judges

762153

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Murray%20%28minister%29

John Murray (minister)

John Murray (December 10, 1741 – September 3, 1815) was one of the founders of the Universalist denomination in the United States, a pioneer minister and an inspirational figure. Early life He was born in Alton, Hampshire (fifteen miles northeast of Winchester), in England on December 10, 1741. His father was an Anglican and his mother a Presbyterian, both strict Calvinists, and his home life was attended by religious severity. In 1751 the family settled near Cork, Ireland. In 1760 Murray returned to England and joined George Whitefield's congregation; but embracing, somewhat later, the Universalistic teachings of Welsh minister James Relly he was excommunicated. In 1770 he emigrated to "lose himself in America", and preached, as a Universalist minister, his first sermon in Good Luck, now Lacey Township, New Jersey, September 30, 1770, residing there with his patron and friend Thomas Potter until 1774, itinerating from Virginia to New Hampshire. Today the Potter farm is the site of the Murray Grove Retreat and Renewal Center . Mature life In 1774, he settled at Gloucester, Massachusetts and established a congregation there out of a Rellyite study group. There he met his second wife, the author and philosopher Judith Sargent Murray. He was suspected of being a British spy, but in 1775 was appointed chaplain of the Rhode Island Brigade before Boston by General George Washington despite petitions for his dismissal by other chaplains over his rejection of belief in hell. He participated in the first general Universalist Convention at Oxford, Massachusetts, September, 1785. On October 23, 1793, he became pastor of the Universalist society of Boston, and faithfully served it until October 19, 1809, when paralysis stopped his work. He was a man of great courage and eloquence, and in the defense of his views endured much detestation and abuse. In regard to Jesus, he taught that in him God became the Son; for "God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Ghost, are no more than different exhibitions of the self-same existent, omnipresent Being." He taught that all men would ultimately be saved through the sacrifice of Christ, the basis for this being the union of all men in Christ, just as they were united with Adam, and therefore partaking of the benefits of his sacrifice. He was also a writer of hymns and a compiler of hymnals. Murray suffered a debilitating stroke on October 19, 1809, which compelled him to give up preaching, and he died in Boston, Massachusetts on September 3, 1815. His wife, Judith Sargent Murray, collected and finished his autobiography to publish posthumously. Murray is buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge and Watertown, MA. Writings Sources are his own Letters and Sketches of Sermons, 3 volumes, Boston, 1812; Autobiography, continued by his wife, (also known as Life of Murray), Boston, 1816, centenary ed., 1870. Additional information and detailed writings from the letters of his wife Judith Sargent Murray were published in 1998 (edited by Bonnie Hurd Smith), in the book "From Gloucester to Philadelphia in 1790" with "Observations, anecdotes and thoughts from the 18th century letters of Judith Sargent Murray". This publication describes the life of the Murray family as they traveled in 1790, with the majority of time in Philadelphia. References Initial text from Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religion Further Reading Bressler, Ann Lee. The Universalist Movement in America, 1770-1880. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. External links The Sargent House Museum - Judith Sargent Murray home Murray Grove Retreat & Renewal Center - Potter Farm Gloucester Unitarian Universalist Church - Founded by Murray in Gloucester, organized in 1779 as the First Universalist Society in America and incorporated in 1792 as the Independent Christian Church 1741 births 1815 deaths Clergy in the American Revolution People from Alton, Hampshire Clergy from Boston Clergy of the Universalist Church of America 18th-century Christian universalists 19th-century Christian universalists Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery People from Lacey Township, New Jersey Kingdom of England emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies

762236

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard%20Johnson%20%28jazz%20musician%29

Howard Johnson (jazz musician)

Howard Lewis Johnson (August 7, 1941 – January 11, 2021) was an American jazz musician, known mainly for his work on tuba and baritone saxophone, although he also played the bass clarinet, trumpet, and other reed instruments. Johnson was known for his extensive work as a sideman, notably with George Gruntz, Hank Crawford, and Gil Evans. As a leader, he fronted the tuba ensemble Gravity and released three albums during the 1990s for Verve Records; the first Arrival, was a tribute to Pharoah Sanders. Biography Johnson was born in Montgomery, Alabama, United States, but from the age of two was raised in Massillon, Ohio. A self-taught musician, he began playing baritone saxophone and tuba while still in high school. After graduating in 1958, he served in the U.S. Navy before moving to Boston, where he lived with the family of the drummer Tony Williams. He then spent time in Chicago, where he met Eric Dolphy, before moving to New York City in 1963. In the 1960s he worked with Charles Mingus, Hank Crawford, Rahsaan Roland Kirk, Archie Shepp, and Hank Mobley on the album A Slice of the Top. He also began a long association with Gil Evans in 1966. He was arranger of a horn section that backed Taj Mahal on Mahal's 1971 live album, The Real Thing, which featured three other tubists/multi-instrumentalists, Bob Stewart, Joseph Daley and Earl McIntyre. Johnson also played with the Band on their Rock of Ages live album, The Last Waltz and into the new millennium with Levon Helm's band. During the 1970s, he was the live band conductor of the Saturday Night Live Band; he can be seen in several musical numbers, including playing bass saxophone in the "King Tut" sketch and leading his all-tuba band Gravity in a featured performance on Season 3, Episode 17. Gravity was perhaps his best-known band. He led three tuba bands, collaborated with Tomasz Stanko, Substructure, Tuba Libre, and Gravity. He has recorded frequently. In 1981, he performed at the Woodstock Jazz Festival, held in celebration of the tenth anniversary of the Creative Music Studio. He had a minor role in the 1983 film, Eddie and the Cruisers as Wendell's replacement. He has also appeared in episodes of Matlock and Hill Street Blues. In 1984, he appeared as part of the Gil Evans Orchestra, accompanying Jaco Pastorius at the Live Under The Sky Festival in Japan. Johnson accompanied James Taylor in a performance of "Jelly Man Kelly" on Sesame Street in 1983, and also on tin whistle when Taylor sings to Oscar the Grouch. Personal Johnson was father to David and Nedra. David (1964–2009) was an actor in New York, and lived in Brooklyn. Nedra is a blues singer and musician. Johnson died on January 11, 2021 "in his New York home". Discography As leader 1994: Arrival: A Pharoah Sanders Tribute (Verve) 1995: Gravity!!! (Verve) 1998: Right Now (Verve) 2017: Testimony (Tuscarora) As sideman Hank Crawford: Dig These Blues (Atlantic, 1965), After Hours (Atlantic, 1966), Mr. Blues (Atlantic, 1967), Night Beat (Milestone, 1989), Groove Master (Milestone, 1990), Tight (Milestone, 1996) Charles Mingus: Music Written for Monterey 1965 (Jazz Workshop, 1965), Charles Mingus and Friends in Concert (Columbia, 1972), Let My Children Hear Music (Columbia, 1972) Archie Shepp: Mama Too Tight (Impulse!, 1966) Gary Burton: A Genuine Tong Funeral (RCA, 1967–68) Gábor Szabó & Bob Thiele: Light My Fire (Impulse!, 1967) Gerald Wilson: Live and Swinging (Pacific Jazz, 1967) Charlie Haden: Liberation Music Orchestra (Impulse, 1968) Jazz Composers Orchestra: Communications (JCOA, 1968) Gil Evans: Blues in Orbit (Enja, 1969–71), Svengali (ACT, 1973), The Gil Evans Orchestra Plays the Music of Jimi Hendrix (RCA, 1974), There Comes a Time (RCA, 1975), Live at Sweet Basil (Gramavision, 1984), Live at Sweet Basil Vol. 2 (Gramavision, 1984) Andrew Hill: Passing Ships (Blue Note, 1969) Pharoah Sanders: Izipho Zam (My Gifts) (Strata-East, 1969 [1973]) Leon Thomas: The Leon Thomas Album (Flying Dutchman, 1970) Johnny Coles: Katumbo (Dance) (Mainstream, 1971) Taj Mahal: Taj Mahal (Columbia, 1968), The Real Thing (Columbia, 1972) Charles Tolliver: Music Inc. (Strata-East, 1971) The Band: Rock of Ages (Capitol, 1972) Carla Bley: Tropic Appetites (Watt, 1973–74), Escalator over the Hill John Lennon, Walls and Bridges (Apple, 1974) Sam Rivers: Crystals (Impulse! 1974) Gato Barbieri: Chapter Three: Viva Emiliano Zapata (Impulse!, 1974), Chapter Four: Alive in New York (Impulse!, 1975) Jaco Pastorius: Jaco Pastorius (Sony, 1975), Word of Mouth (Warner Bros., 1981) Muddy Waters: The Muddy Waters Woodstock Album (Chess, 1975) Dexter Gordon: Sophisticated Giant (Columbia, 1977) Levon Helm & the RCO All-Stars: Levon Helm & the RCO All-Stars (ABC, 1977) The Band, The Last Waltz (Capitol, 1978) Clifford Jordan: Inward Fire (Muse, 1978) John Lennon and Yoko Ono, Double Fantasy (Capitol, 1980) David "Fathead" Newman: Still Hard Times (Muse, 1982) James Taylor: "Jellyman Kelly" (Sesame Street, 1983) Jack De Johnette Special Edition: Album Album (ECM, 1984) Jimmy Heath: New Picture (Landmark, 1985) Franco Ambrosetti: Tentets (Enja, 1985) George Gruntz Concert Jazz Band: First Prize (Enja, 1989) Miles Davis: Miles & Quincy Live at Montreux (Warner Bros., 1991) NDR Big Band: Bravissimo (ACT, 1992) Ray Anderson: Big Band Record (Gramavision, 1994) with the George Gruntz Concert Jazz Band The Band, High on the Hog (Rhino, 1996) Barbara Dennerlein: Junkanoo (Verve, 1996) John Scofield: Quiet (Verve, 1996) T. S. Monk: Monk on Monk (N2K, 1997) Chet Baker: But Not for Me (Random Chance, 2003) David "Fathead" Newman: Cityscape (HighNote, 2006) With George Gruntz Concert Jazz Band The George Gruntz Concert Jazz Band with Guest Star Elvin Jones (MPS, 1978) At Zürich Schauspielhaus (Kenwood, 1981) Live 82 (Amiga, 1982) Theatre (ECM, 1983) Happening Now! (Hat Hut, 1987) First Prize (Enja, 1989) Beyond Another Wall (TCB, 1991) Blues 'n' Dues et Cetera (Enja, 1991) Ray Anderson & The George Gruntz Big Band (Gramavision, 1994) With Mario Pavone Deez to Blues (Playscape, 2006) References External links Official site 1941 births 2021 deaths African-American saxophonists American jazz saxophonists American male saxophonists American jazz tubists American male jazz musicians Bass clarinetists Musicians from Montgomery, Alabama Verve Records artists Saturday Night Live Band members 20th-century saxophonists 21st-century saxophonists Jazz musicians from Alabama 20th-century clarinetists 21st-century clarinetists 20th-century tubists 21st-century tubists 20th-century American male musicians 21st-century American male musicians 20th-century African-American musicians 21st-century African-American musicians

762301

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis%20Lopez%2C%20New%20Mexico

Luis Lopez, New Mexico

Luis Lopez is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Socorro County, New Mexico, United States. It lies between Socorro and San Antonio along the Rio Grande. History In 1667, Captain Luis López was alcalde mayor (mayor) of the Piro Pueblo of Senecú. It appears that he had a hacienda on the east bank of the Rio Grande. During the 18th century, the estancia was mentioned in the journals of a few travellers, though it had been abandoned after the Pueblo Revolt of 1680. The village of Luis Lopez appears to have been founded by the early to mid 1830s. At that time, it was located on the west bank of the Rio Grande, just east of its present-day site. Luis Lopez has been listed in censuses every decade at least as recently as 1980 since 1850, except for 1870. Since the village was not counted in that year, it is thought that it may have been abandoned for a short time and then relocated to its present position above the flood plain. However, most of Luis Lopez remains in the flood plain, protected from the Rio Grande by levees. In May 1941, severe flooding required the evacuation of families in the floodplain. Luis Lopez was also listed in both the 1833 and 1845 New Mexico censuses, details of which can be found at Albuquerque Public Library, Main Library, second floor Genealogy Center. In 1952, the Luis Lopez School District was consolidated with the Socorro School District and the school was closed. However, the building continued to be used as a community center for some years. Today, the community of Luis Lopez consists of farms and a small suburb. New wells have brought growth to the community. The community is a suburb of Socorro. References Unincorporated communities in Socorro County, New Mexico Unincorporated communities in New Mexico 1667 establishments in the Spanish Empire Census-designated places in New Mexico Census-designated places in Socorro County, New Mexico

764131

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Nichols

Michael Nichols

Michael or Mike Nichols may refer to: Mike Nichols (1931–2014), American film, stage, and television director and producer Michael Nichols (photographer) (born 1952), American journalist and photographer Mike J. Nichols, American film editor Mike Nichols (author) (born 1952), American neo-Pagan leader and author

765188

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Powell

Joseph Powell

Joseph or Joe Powell may refer to: Joseph Powell (congressman) (1828–1904), U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania Jody Powell (Joseph Lester Powell, 1943–2009), White House Press Secretary during the presidency of Jimmy Carter Joe Powell (footballer, born 1870) (1870–1896), English footballer Joe Powell (footballer, born 1998), English footballer for Burton Albion Joe Powell (stuntman) (1922–2016), English stuntman and actor Joe Powell (rugby union) (born 1994), Australian rugby union player Joe Powell (American football) (born 1994), American football defensive back Joe Powell (Australian footballer) (1868–1945), Australian rules footballer

770695

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Aubrey

James Aubrey

James Aubrey may refer to: James Aubrey (actor) (1947–2010), English actor James T. Aubrey (1918–1994), American television and film executive Jimmy Aubrey (1887–1983), English actor James Aubrey (Bones), a fictional character

771135

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20Ruiz%20de%20Apodaca%2C%201st%20Count%20of%20Venadito

Juan Ruiz de Apodaca, 1st Count of Venadito

Juan José Ruiz de Apodaca y Eliza, 1st Count of Venadito, OIC, OSH, KOC (3 February 1754, Cadiz, Spain – 11 January 1835, Madrid, Spain) was a Spanish naval officer and viceroy of New Spain from 20 September 1816 to 5 July 1821, during Mexico's War of Independence. Military career Ruiz de Apodaca was born in Cádiz into a family of renowned Basque merchants. He entered the navy in 1767 and took part in the campaign against Algerian pirates. In 1770 he was promoted to the rank of ensign. He was in Peru from 1770 to 1778 and England in 1779. From 1781 to 1790 he was a captain, in charge of ships of the line, and afterward he was in charge of the reconstruction of the harbor at Tarragona. In October 1802 he was named commandant of the arsenal at Cadiz. Now in command of a squadron, he made major improvements at Cadiz. When the French invaded Spain, he took command of the remnants of a Spanish fleet, which had been largely captured or destroyed in the Battle of Trafalgar, and captured the French squadron opposite his own. He was subsequently ambassador plenipotentiary in Britain and Captain General of Florida and Cuba (1812–15). His reputation was that of a man of tact and good judgment. For his services he was awarded the military crosses of San Fernando and San Hermenegildo. As viceroy of New Spain During a moment of great turbulence in the Mexican war of independence, he was named viceroy of New Spain at the beginning of 1816 but he did not take over the office from Félix María Calleja del Rey until September 20. As a new viceroy Apodaca offered amnesty to the rebels. Thousands of insurgents accepted, with only Vicente Guerrero in the south and Guadalupe Victoria and Nicolás Bravo in Veracruz remaining in active rebellion. The viceroy also reversed the harsh policies of Calleja and ordered that in no circumstances were rebel prisoners to be summarily shot. He banned the flying of kites (as a safety measure, because they were generally flown from rooftops). He closely reviewed the public accounts, finding that Calleja had kept them accurately and carefully. He paid off the public debt, stopped relying on loans to fund the government, and relied instead only on the customs duties, taxes and other fees due the government. He revived the commercial and mining sectors of the economy, insofar as that was possible in a time of war. On April 17, 1817, Spanish liberal Francisco Javier Mina and 308 volunteers arrived at Soto la Marina, Nuevo Santander, from London and New Orleans. Mina issued a manifesto saying he was not fighting against Spain, but rather against the tyranny of King Ferdinand VII and to restore the constitutional regime. On May 24 his troops began a march into the interior to join with rebels under Pedro Moreno at Fuerte del Sombrero, northeast of Guanajuato. Apodaca sent a strong column against Mina and his allies, under the command of Field Marshal Pascual Liñán. After active fighting, Liñán killed Moreno and took Mina prisoner at the Rancho del Venadito, near Silao on October 27. Mina was executed by firing squad on November 11. As the result of this action, the viceroy received the title of Conde de Venadito, which provoked much ridicule. Once again it looked as though the insurrection might be over. The United States and Britain, which after the Napoleonic Wars were no longer war-time allies of Spain, and France were all interested in the commercial advantages they would gain by supporting the rebels in the Spanish possessions. Spanish agents received news that Britons Thomas Cochrane and Wilson were preparing an expedition against New Spain, and that Mexican insurgents in New York had bought a gunboat, which they based in Matagorda Bay to attack coastal trading in the Gulf of Mexico. Therefore, Apodaca was given instructions to redouble the vigilance on the coasts. The insurgents managed to capture an armed trading ship from Veracruz and executed the captain. American William Robinson managed to occupy Altamira and Tampico, hoping to give new impetus to the revolution, but Robinson was taken prisoner in Tampico and sent to Cádiz. He escaped to Gibraltar, with the assistance of the British. Later, Spain and the United States signed the Adams-Onís Treaty on February 22, 1819. The treaty established boundaries between the United States and New Spain, which had been in dispute since the Louisiana Purchase. The U.S. obtained Florida and renounced its claim to Texas. Spain renounced its claim to the Oregon Country. The previous viceroy, Calleja, had established a fort in the old tobacco warehouse in Mexico City, named La Ciudadela. Apodaca converted it into a storehouse for arms and munitions, but these were slowly being pilfered. He ordered Brigadier Francisco Novella to take charge of La Ciudadela and stop the thievery. Novella considered that task beneath his dignity, and was able to enlist the support of the Audiencia. The incident made Novella an enemy of Ruiz de Apodaca, and it was Novella who later deposed and replaced him in 1821. The Plan de Iturbide On January 1, 1820, Colonel Rafael del Riego rose in rebellion in Andalusia, Spain, demanding the restoration of the Constitution of 1812. Ferdinand VII was forced to reinstate the constitution on March 9, 1820 in Spain and all of the Spanish possessions. When the order arrived in New Spain, Apodaca delayed its publication pending the outcome of secret negotiations being carried out in the church of La Profesa. On March 7, 1821, the negotiators agreed on a declaration of independence for New Spain, accompanied by an offer to Ferdinand VII to rule as an absolute monarch, without mention of a constitution. For this plan to succeed, the support of the military was necessary. To that end, the viceroy chose General Agustín de Iturbide to represent the cabal, at the same time freeing him from a court case involving accusations of misbehavior at El Bajío. The plan, ironically as it turned out, became known as the Plan de Iturbide. Iturbide had been given command of royalist troops in the south of the country on November 9, 1820. In the meantime Apodaca instituted the Constitution of 1812 on May 31, 1820. The Plan de Iguala In pursuit of his own ambitions, Iturbide corresponded with and then met with the insurgent general he was sent to fight, Vicente Guerrero on February 10, 1821. The two of them agreed to declare the independence of Mexico. This agreement was announced March 2, 1821, in the town of Iguala in the present state of Guerrero. This agreement became known as the Plan de Iguala. It invited Viceroy Ruiz de Apodaca to become leader of the independence movement. The viceroy rejected the offer, and declared Iturbide a traitor and an outlaw. He sent troops against him, but everywhere the troops rebelled and went over to Iturbide. Lieutenant Colonel Antonio López de Santa Anna, for example, endorsed the Plan de Iguala in Xalapa on May 29, 1821. The overthrow of Ruiz de Apodaca The royalists, led by Brigadier Buceli, declared Apodaca inept and deposed him on July 5, 1821. Apodaca was sent to Spain to face charges, but he was absolved and returned to duty. He was captain general of the Spanish navy at the time of his death in 1835. The city of Apodaca in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico, is named for him. General Francisco Novella was made interim viceroy until the arrival of Ruiz de Apodaca's replacement, Superior Political Chief Juan O'Donojú, a short time later. The 300-year rule of Mexico by Spain was nearly at an end. Notes and references García Puron, Manuel, México y sus gobernantes, v. 1. Mexico City: Joaquín Porrua, 1984. Orozco L., Fernando, Fechas Históricas de México. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1988, . Orozco Linares, Fernando, Gobernantes de México. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1985, . Further reading External links 1754 births 1835 deaths People from Cádiz Captain generals of the Navy Counts of Spain Viceroys of New Spain Governors of Cuba Spanish colonial governors and administrators Cuban nobility Spanish commanders of the Napoleonic Wars

772530

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Jackson%20%28Australian%20soldier%29

William Jackson (Australian soldier)

John William Alexander "Bill" Jackson, VC (13 September 1897 – 4 August 1959) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Jackson was awarded the Victoria Cross in 1916 for selfless courage under heavy fire while rescuing his comrades near Armentières in France during the First World War. Jackson is the youngest Australian to have been awarded a Victoria Cross. His was the first VC to be won by an Australian on the Western Front. Early life John William Alexander Jackson was born on 13 September 1897 on "Glengower" station, near Gunbar. Known as William or Bill, he was the fourth child of John Gale Jackson and Adelaide Ann (née McFarlane). His mother died in 1905 and the six surviving children were raised by her parents at "Seaton Park" (a district property). William and his siblings attended the Gunbar School and William later found employment on local properties. First World War On 15 February 1915, Jackson enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force in the first group of volunteers from Gunbar. In order to do so, with his father's approval, Jackson had raised his age by one year. Placed in the 17th Battalion (5th Infantry Brigade) Jackson embarked for Egypt in May 1915 for initial training. On 20 August he was landed at Gallipoli and fought at Kaiakij Aghala (Hill 60). Six weeks later Jackson was hospitalised with severe dysentery. He recovered in a military hospital in Cairo and on 15 February 1916 rejoined his battalion only days before it embarked for France as part of the 2nd Division. On 10 April Jackson's Division took over a forward position in the eastern Amentieres section of the Western Front. As a prelude to what became known as the Battle of the Somme, orders were issued for raids to be carried out on enemy positions between 20 and 30 June 1916. On the night of 25 June, Jackson was acting as a scout for a party of forty soldiers, as they carried out an assault on the forward trenches of a Prussian infantry regiment, south-east of Bois Grenier (near Armentières). During the assault Jackson captured an enemy soldier and returned with him through no man's land. Prisoners were valued for the purpose of interrogation. On learning that some of his party had been hit in the intense shelling and gun-fire, Jackson returned to no man's land. He helped to bring in a wounded man, before going out again. While assisting Sergeant Camden to bring in the seriously wounded Private Robinson, a shell exploded nearby. The blast rendered Camden unconscious, blew off Jackson's right arm above the elbow and inflicted further wounds to Robinson. Despite the loss of his arm, Jackson managed to return to his trenches, claiming he only felt "a numbing sensation". An officer applied a tourniquet to his arm, using a piece of string and a stick, and Jackson returned to no man's land for another half an hour until he was satisfied there were no wounded men left on the battlefield. The hospital ship St. Patrick took Jackson from Boulogne to England where the remainder of his right arm was amputated. While recovering in an Australian military hospital near London, it was announced that Jackson had been awarded the Victoria Cross (VC) "for his great coolness and most conspicuous bravery while rescuing his wounded comrades while under heavy enemy fire". Approval of Jackson's VC was gazetted on 8 September 1916, five days prior to his nineteenth birthday. Two weeks later, approval was gazetted of the award of the Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM) to Private Jackson and to Sergeant Camden for their part in the rescue of wounded soldiers that night. Return to Australia Jackson left England with a large group of repatriated servicemen aboard the Themistocles, and arrived in Sydney on 5 July 1917. At a reception in Sydney for the returned soldiers, held at the Anzac Buffet in the Domain, Jackson was hoisted shoulder-high and singled out for great honour. Accounts suggest that Jackson's private and reticent nature left him ill-prepared for the attention and adulation he received on his return to Australia. Shortly afterwards Jackson travelled by train to Hay, accompanied by his comrade Sergeant Camden. They were met at the railway station by a large crowd who rushed "to get a sight of Private Jackson, and cheer after cheer was given for the returned hero". The two soldiers were officially welcomed in front of the Post Office. The Deputy Mayor spoke of Hay's reflected glory when reports stated that Jackson was from "Gunbar, near Hay". Camden replied on Jackson's behalf, and spoke of his comrade's selfless courage: "Bill was not looking for a VC that night, he was looking for a cobber". That evening Jackson and Sergeant Camden dined with local dignitaries at Tattersall's Hotel, on a table covered with the Union Jack and table-napkins folded in the form of military tents. Gunbar had been experiencing hard times. A period of close settlement in the last decades of the previous century had ended, due to drought and the realities of farming marginal land. Businesses had closed and many of the original selectors and their descendants had left the district and the trend was towards larger holdings and fewer people. Despite this, Jackson was met with great celebration and pride on his return. The residents sought to show their appreciation of Jackson by buying him a farming property in the area, but he declined their offer, believing the loss of his arm rendered him incapable of work on the land. Several years after Jackson's discharge in September 1917 the Army advised his father, John Jackson, that his son's DCM had been cancelled. In trying to rectify what seems to be a bureaucratic error the AIF asked John Jackson to return the official DCM award notification he had been sent. John Jackson claimed it was no longer in his possession. By this stage Jackson was living in Kensington, Sydney, close to members of his father's family. Later life In the early 1920s Jackson moved to Merriwa in the New England area, where he became a dealer in skins. In 1927 he became the licensee of the Figtree Hotel near Wollongong for eighteen months. During the Depression years Jackson had several jobs, including managing a green-grocery business and working as a clerk in Sydney. William Jackson married Ivy Morris, a dressmaker, in January 1932 at Kogarah. They had one child, a daughter named Dorothea. After enlisting during the Second World War Jackson was interrogated in December 1941 regarding his right to wear a DCM ribbon. He denied any knowledge that the award had been cancelled and replied that he would continue to wear all his medals. Jackson requested a discharge and indicated he would prefer to let the matter be decided in Court. The Army seems to have relented, probably on advice from the War Office in London, because Jackson re-enlisted less than three weeks after his discharge on 30 March 1942. He served as corporal in the 2nd Australian Labour Company until September 1942. After 1946 Jackson again worked as a dealer in skins. He moved to Melbourne in 1953 and was appointed as a Commissionaire and Inquiry Attendant at the Melbourne Town Hall. In August 1953, at a civic reception for Sir William Slim, the Governor-General of Australia, the guest of honour noticed his lift-driver was wearing a VC ribbon, and spoke at length to Jackson, despite the waiting civic dignitaries. During the 1954 Royal Tour of Australia, Jackson was given several honoured roles. In 1956 Jackson sailed to England for the Victoria Cross Centenary Celebrations. He became extremely ill on the voyage and spent six weeks in hospital, before being flown home. Jackson continued as an employee of the Melbourne City Council until his death. Jackson died of heart disease on 5 August 1959 in the Repatriation General Hospital, Heidelberg. He was cremated at Springvale Cemetery with full military honours and his ashes placed in the Boronia Gardens. On 28 May 2008, the Victoria Cross and campaign medals awarded to Private William Jackson, were sold privately to an Australian collector, whose identity has not been revealed. The price paid for the VC group is thought to be around A$650,000. References This account of William Jackson's life is based on: the research of Harry Willey of Scone, NSW William Jackson VC (biography by Harry Willey), William Jackson VC (2nd biography by Harry Willey)'' supplementary research by members of the Hay Historical Society. External links Jackson, William: RecordsSearch (records barcode B2455) – National Archives of Australia World War I service records R. Sutton, Jackson, John William Alexander (1897–1959), Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 9, Melbourne University Press, 1983, p. 458. 1897 births 1959 deaths Australian World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross Australian Army soldiers Australian amputees People from the Riverina

774258

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Johnson%20%28Virginia%20politician%29

Joseph Johnson (Virginia politician)

Joseph Ellis Johnson (December 19, 1785 – February 27, 1877) was a farmer, businessman and politician who served as United States Representative and became the 32nd Governor of Virginia from 1852 to 1856, the first Virginia governor to be popularly elected as well as the only Virginia governor from west of the Appalachian mountains. During the American Civil War, he sympathized with the Confederacy, but returned to what had become West Virginia for his final years. Early life and family Born in Orange County, New York, Johnson moved with his widowed mother Abigail Wright Johnson (1753-1839) and four siblings to Belvidere, New Jersey in 1791 and then to Winchester, Virginia (possibly after a long detour to Suffolk, Virginia) before moving across the Appalachian Mountains to Bridgeport in what became Harrison County, Virginia (and then West Virginia) in 1801. The sixteen year old Johnson soon got a job helping Ephraim Smith, a local gentleman farmer suffering from ill health, came to manage Smith's land. Three years later, on May 14, 1804, he married one of his employer's daughters, Sarah Smith (1784-1853). At least five of their children died before age 11. However, their son Dr. Benjamin Franklin Johnson (1816-1855) and daughter Catherine Selina Minor (1824-1900) survived and married, although both moved from the area (to Franklin County Ohio and Baltimore, respectively). Career By 1807, in addition to farming, Johnson rebuilt the Smith mill on Simpson Creek (that had been built circa 1803) that he bought from Smith's widow and heirs. In 1811 the Harrison county government ordered a bridge built about a quarter mile above "Johnson's Mill", the first bridge built in Harrison county outside Clarksburg. Johnson initially became active in local politics as a member of the Democratic-Republican Party (aligned with President Thomas Jefferson). He became the local constable in 1811 and formed one of two or three companies of "Harrison riflemen" that fought the War of 1812. In 1814, Captain Johnson and Captain John McWhorter of the other company led their riflemen to Norfolk, where Johnson and his men helped keep the peace until the war's end in 1815, while McWhorter's men headed west under General (and future President) William H. Harrison to fight in Ohio. Johnson's men were first assigned to the Sixth Regiment of Virginia militia, then to the Fourth Regiment. When Johnson returned to Harrison County, voters elected him to represent them in the Virginia House of Delegates, defeating John Prunty, who had represented them for 22 years. One of Johnson's first acts was introducing legislation organizing the town of Bridgeport on 15 acres of his land. That passed on January 15, 1816; Johnson became one of the 7 original trustees. He was re-elected to the House of Delegates in 1816, and elected and re-elected again in 1818-1822, after which he decided not to run again. Johnson would build a mansion in Bridgeport, the Governor Joseph Johnson House. At the urging of Judge John G. Jackson ran against prominent orator and Congressman Philip Doddridge, Johnson ran for Congress and upset the incumbent. He served in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825 and became chairman of the Committee on Expenditures on Public Buildings in the Nineteenth Congress. He lost his reelection campaign in 1826 to the Twentieth Congress, but voters elected him to the Twenty-second Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Doddridge, so he again served from January 21 to March 3, 1833. Johnson did not run for renomination in 1832. During this period, Congress was building and maintaining the National Road westward from Cumberland, Maryland; Johnson sat on the Cumberland Road committee. A key question became where the road would cross the Ohio River. Although Wheeling became the crossing point, others had advocated Parkersburg as the crossing point, following what would later become the Northwestern Turnpike (now U.S. Route 50) through Romney and Clarksburg to Parkersburg. Part of the compromise which allowed construction of the Wheeling route was construction of a road between Wheeling and Romney. Johnson again ran for Congress as a Jacksonian in 1834, and won the seat in the Twenty-fourth Congress and was reelected (as a Democrat) to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835 – March 3, 1841). Johnson became chairman of the Committee on Accounts in the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses. He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1840, but and was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1844. Johnson was elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845 - March 3, 1847), and became chairman of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims (Twenty-ninth Congress). He again declined to run for renomination in 1846. In 1847, Johnson again ran for election to the Virginia House of Delegates, and was re-elected the following year, again serving part-time while pursuing his farming and other business interests. During the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850 and 1851, Johnson was one of the four delegates from the transmontane district of Wood, Ritchie, Harrison, Doddridge, Tyler, and Wetzel Counties, alongside John F. Snodgrass, Gideon D. Camden and Peter G. Van Winkle. As the convention's eldest delegate, Johnson called the convention to order, and also chaired the committee on suffrage, where he fought for universal adult white male suffrage and against a poll tax. The General Assembly elected Johnson Governor of Virginia in 1851, shortly before the new state constitution made the office elective by voters. Johnson thus served a short term, and became the Democratic Party's candidate in September 1851, then won reelection by defeating the Whig candidate (also from west of the Appalachians), George W. Summers. The only Virginia governor from west of the Allegheny Mountains entered upon the duties of the office under the new constitution on January 1, 1852, and served four years before returning to his Bridgeport home, although he also became a widower while in office. American Civil War Johnson had been a Democratic presidential elector in 1860, and personally disfavored secession. However, during Virginia's secession crisis in 1861, Johnson sided with the Confederacy, became an elector for Jefferson Davis as the Confederate President and ultimately moved to Staunton for the war's duration when Union forces occupied Bridgeport. Pro-Union men held a mass meeting in Clarksburg on April 22, 1861 to hear an address by John S. Carlile, and another on May 3, 1861 to hear an address by Francis H. Pierpont. However, Johnson countered by chairing another meeting on April 26 of "Southern Rights" men including W.P. Cooper, Norval Lewis and W. F. Gordon. Final years, death and legacy In 1866, Johnson, who had returned to Bridgeport, formally joined the Simpson Creek Baptist Church, in whose churchyard his wife had been buried 13 years before. He died at his home, Oakdale, in Bridgeport, West Virginia in 1877 and was buried beside his wife and young children in the old Brick Church Cemetery. In 1941, it became known as the Bridgeport Cemetery, as various political and religious figures consolidated the Simpson Creek Baptist Cemetery with the adjoining Odd Fellows Lodge cemetery and the Masonic Lodge Cemetery. Meanwhile, Bridgeport had been formally incorporated in 1887, a decade after Johnson's death. Several locations in Bridgeport, West Virginia honor Johnson, including Johnson Avenue, Johnson Elementary School, and his former home, the Governor Joseph Johnson House. The Library of Virginia maintains his executive papers. His nephew Waldo P. Johnson became a U.S. Senator representing Missouri. Electoral history 1851; Johnson was elected Governor of Virginia with 53% of the vote, defeating Whig George W. Summers. References 1785 births 1877 deaths Farmers from West Virginia Military personnel from West Virginia Governors of Virginia Members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia Members of the Virginia House of Delegates People from Belvidere, New Jersey People from Bridgeport, West Virginia People from Orange County, New York People from West Virginia in the War of 1812 Virginia Democratic-Republicans Virginia Jacksonians Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives Jacksonian members of the United States House of Representatives Virginia Democrats Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives Democratic Party state governors of the United States 19th-century American politicians People of Virginia in the American Civil War Trustees of populated places in Virginia

778259

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian%20Wilson%20%28author%29

Ian Wilson (author)

Ian Wilson (born 1941) is a prolific author of historical and religious books. He has investigated such topics as the Shroud of Turin and life after death. Life He was born in Clapham, south London, during World War II. Neither of his parents was religious. His school was nominally Church of England, but during scripture classes he was always, as he put it, "the number one sceptic". He graduated in Modern History from Magdalen College, Oxford in 1963. He first came across the Shroud during the 1950s, when he was in his mid-teens, in an illustrated article by World War II hero Group Captain Leonard Cheshire. It was the famous image on the negative of the Shroud that dealt the first blow to his formerly complacent agnosticism. In 1972 he converted to Roman Catholicism. Wilson is most well known for his research on Shroud of Turin. In a piece for the journal Free Inquiry, historian Charles Freeman heavily criticized Wilson's writings on the subject, commenting "He is not taken seriously by any respected historian... Wilson has failed to provide any significant evidence from this mass of material to back his narrative. It seems to fail at every point. He provides no evidence that the Shroud existed in Jerusalem, no evidence that a burial shroud arrived in Edessa." He participated in Channel 4's three part TV series Jesus: The Evidence (1984) and wrote the accompanying book of the same name. The series proved to be highly controversial and sparked a national furore, marking a significant moment in the changing fortunes of religious broadcasting in the UK. He lived in Bristol, England, for twenty-six years and now resides in Brisbane, Australia, with his wife, Judith. They have two sons, Adrian and Noel. Publications The Turin Shroud: The Burial Cloth of Jesus Christ?, 1979 Mind Out of Time?: Reincarnation Claims Investigated, 1981 All in the Mind: Reincarnation, Hypnotic Regression, Stigmata, Multiple Personality, and Other Little-understood Powers of the Mind, 1982 Reincarnation?: The Claims Investigated, 1982 Jesus: The Evidence, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1984 The Exodus Enigma, 1985 The Evidence of the Shroud, 1986 Undiscovered: The Fascinating World of Undiscovered Places, Graves, Wrecks and Treasure, 1987 The After Death Experience: The Physics of the Non-Physical, 1987 The Bleeding Mind: An Investigation Into the Mysterious Phenomenon of Stigmata, 1988 Stigmata: An Investigation into the Mysterious Appearance of Christ's Wounds in Hundreds of People from Medieval Italy to Modern America, 1989 Superself: The Hidden Powers Within Us, 1989 Holy Faces, Secret Places: An Amazing Quest for the Face of Jesus, 1991 The Columbus Myth: Did Men of Bristol Reach America Before Columbus?, 1992 Shakespeare: The Evidence : Unlocking the Mysteries of the Man and His Work, 1994 In Search of Ghosts, 1995 Jesus: The Evidence, 2nd ed., London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1996. ; San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1997. The Blood and the Shroud: New Evidence That the World's Most Sacred Relic Is Real, 1998 Life After Death: The Evidence, 1998 The Bible As History, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999 The Turin Shroud: Unshrouding the Mystery, 2000 Before the Flood: The Biblical Flood as a Real Event and How It Changed the Course of Civilization, 2002 John Cabot and the Matthew, 2003 Nostradamus the Man Behind the Prophecies, 2003 Lost World of the Kimberley: Extraordinary New Glimpses of Australia's Ice Age Ancestors, 2006 Murder at Golgotha: A Scientific Investigation into the Last Days of Jesus's Life, His Death, and His Resurrection, 2007 The Shroud: The 2000-Year-Old Mystery Solved, 2010 (also known as The Shroud: Fresh Light on the 2000-Year-Old Mystery, 2010 ) The Book of Geoffroi De Charny with the Livre Charny edited and translated by Nigel Bryant, 2021 Book reviews "Before the Flood". Kirkus Reviews. "Mind Out of Time?". New Scientist. "Nostradamus: The Man Behind the Prophecies". Publishers Weekly. "Reincarnation Cases". The Tablet. "The After Death Experience". Kirkus Reviews. "The Blood and the Shroud". Publishers Weekly. References 1941 births Living people Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford British writers Converts to Roman Catholicism from atheism or agnosticism People from Clapham Researchers of the Shroud of Turin Roman Catholic writers

779586

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Robertson%20%28Trotskyist%29

James Robertson (Trotskyist)

James Robertson (1928–2019) was the long-time and founding National Chairman of the Spartacist League (US), the original national section of the International Communist League. In his later years, Robertson was consultative member of the ICL's international executive committee. Biography Born in 1928, Robertson joined the Communist Party in Richmond, California, in December 1946. He was active in its youth organization the American Youth for Democracy. While studying chemistry at the University of California at Berkeley, he left the CP to join Max Shachtman’s Workers Party shortly before it changed to the Independent Socialist League in May 1949. He was active in the WP/ISL’s youth organization, the Socialist Youth League, and its successor, the Young Socialist League (YSL). Max Shachtman and his supporters then considered themselves Trotskyists, though they had broken with Trotsky’s Fourth International in 1940, abandoning the Trotskyist program of unconditional military defense of the USSR as World War II began. According to Robertson, the Workers Party gave up any perspective of reuniting with the Fourth International in 1948 and moved to the right under the pressure of the Cold War. Robertson fought what he considered this rightward course, co-authoring his first oppositional document in 1951. Along with Tim Wohlforth and Shane Mage, he was a leader of the Left Wing Caucus which developed in the YSL in early 1957 in opposition to Shachtman's plan to liquidate the ISL into what had become the Socialist Party-Social Democratic Federation. Under the impact of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, members of the Left Wing Caucus became convinced that the Stalinist bureaucracy was not a new ruling “bureaucratic collectivist” class, as Shachtman had insisted, but instead a brittle and unstable caste, as Trotsky had argued. Wohlforth, Mage and Robertson launched the Young Socialist in October 1957 and founded the associated Young Socialist Clubs; they joined the Trotskyist Socialist Workers Party (SWP). In response to the formation of a Tibetan Brigade at the University of California at Berkeley in 1959, Robertson wrote a leaflet enthusiastically supporting the Chinese state’s suppression of what he considered to be a CIA-backed uprising in Tibet, reflecting the Young Socialist Clubs’ adoption of unconditional military defense of China, which they regarded as a deformed workers state, qualitatively similar to the USSR after it underwent its bureaucratic degeneration. Robertson was a leader of the SWP’s youth group, the Young Socialist Alliance, when it was founded in 1960. Robertson, Mage and Wohlforth opposed what they considered to be an uncritical embrace of Fidel Castro by the SWP leadership, which declared Cuba to be a workers state on a par with the early USSR. Facing a hostile SWP leadership, they founded the Revolutionary Tendency (RT) in 1961. The majority of the RT—which went on to found the Spartacist League—came to regard Cuba, like China, as a deformed workers state, qualitatively similar to the degenerated USSR. The RT considered what they perceived as the SWP’s abandonment of a revolutionary perspective reflected not just in their uncritical support to Castro, but also in the party’s uncritical enthusing for the existing leadership of the civil rights movement. Robertson co-authored several of the tendency’s documents calling for the party to fight for Trotskyism in the civil rights movement. The SWP was then a member of the International Committee of the Fourth International (IC), which organized the orthodox Trotskyists internationally, including the British Socialist Labour League led by Gerry Healy. The IC opposed the revisionist Trotskyists led by Michel Pablo, who were organized in the International Secretariat (IS). When the SWP declared its intention to reunify with the IS, the RT opposed this. Under Robertson’s leadership, the majority of the RT came to the conclusion that the SWP leadership had become centrist, but Tim Wohlforth, at the behest of Gerry Healy, split the tendency, claiming the SWP leadership could be won back to authentic Trotskyism. Wohlforth went on to lead Healy’s American organization (until he was purged in 1974). The RT majority was expelled by the SWP beginning in December 1963, just as the SWP’s reunification with the International Secretariat was being consummated. Robertson was the editor of the journal Spartacist, which began publication in early 1964. Spartacist supporters looked at first to the IC, which was now under the leadership of Gerry Healy. However, Robertson’s experiences at the IC's 1966 London conference led to a definitive break. Robertson was elected founding national chairman of the Spartacist League/U.S. in 1966. When the international Spartacist tendency was formed in 1974, he was a member of its leading body and the author of the draft of its founding statement, "Declaration for the Organizing of an International Trotskyist Tendency." The iSt changed its name to the International Communist League (Fourth Internationalist) in 1989. Robertson's position as National Chairman of the Spartacist League/U.S. became consultative in 2004. He became a consultative member of the International Communist League’s executive committee in 2007. He died in April 2019 at the age of 90. References 1928 births 2019 deaths Politicians from Richmond, California American Trotskyists University of California, Berkeley alumni Members of the Communist Party USA Members of the Socialist Workers Party (United States)

781093

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Jones%20%28VC%29

William Jones (VC)

William Jones (1839 – 15 April 1913) was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross for his action at the Battle of Rorke's Drift in January 1879, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Details Jones's attestation papers list him as being born at Evesham, Worcestershire. He may have been of the family of shoemakers by the name of Jones that lived in Cowl Street, Evesham in the mid-1840s, but he was actually born on 16 August 1839 at 5 Lucas Street, Castle Precincts, Bristol. He was approximately 39 years old and a private in the British Army's 2nd Battalion, 24th Regiment of Foot (later The South Wales Borderers), during the Zulu War, when he was awarded the Victoria Cross for bravery in action. On 23 January 1879 at Rorke's Drift, Natal, South Africa, Private 593 William Jones and Private 716 Robert Jones defended one of the wards in the field hospital, as described in their joint VC citation: Later life Jones was being treated at Netley Hospital for chronic rheumatism, which he claimed to have contracted from the cold and wet nights after Rorke's Drift; before being discharged on 2 January 1880 and on 13 January 1880, he received his award from Queen Victoria at Windsor Castle. Upon leaving the Army, he attempted to establish himself in Birmingham. Employment opportunities were few, but he managed to take part in a number of acting parts, including Hamilton's Pansterorama and in 1887 he eventually became a member of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show. Later, Jones moved to Rutland Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester and in 1910 pawned his Victoria Cross, having fallen upon hard times. He was admitted to work in the workhouse on Bridge Street, Manchester. William was one of the few survivors of the battle to live into his 70s. He died on 15 April 1913 and was buried in a paupers grave in Philips Park Cemetery, Manchester (plot D-887 in the Church of England section). A large blue commemoration plaque adorned the wall of the disused church, alongside another plaque to commemorate World War I Victoria Cross recipient, George Stringer. New plaques have since been created near the war memorial. After four years of campaigning, on 2 November 2007 a ceremony was held at Philip's Park Cemetery to celebrate the unveiling of a new headstone for the grave. In the 1964 film Zulu, Jones was portrayed by the actor Richard Davies. The medal Jones had to pawn his VC sometime in the 1890s, having fallen on hard times. It was eventually brought to where it is now displayed, at the Regimental Museum of The Royal Welsh, Brecon, Powys, Wales. Bearing the Cross Bearing the Cross was a Ken Blakeson play which looked into the lives of three soldiers who fought at Rorke's Drift. It was broadcast in 2008 and 2009 on BBC Radio 4 with Nigel Anthony as William Jones VC, Sebastian Harcombe as Robert Jones VC and Jon Strickland as Henry Hook VC. The play starts in 1887 at Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show in London, where the battle against the Zulus was restaged with Private William Jones VC as presenter. References External links Pte. William Jones (biography, photos, memorial details) Location of grave and VC medal (Manchester) 1839 births 1913 deaths People from Evesham South Wales Borderers soldiers British recipients of the Victoria Cross Anglo-Zulu War recipients of the Victoria Cross British Army personnel of the Anglo-Zulu War British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross

787834

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar%20Ali%20Saifuddien%20III

Omar Ali Saifuddien III

Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan Sir Muda Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien III (full name: Sultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam II, GCVO, KCMG; 23 September 1914 – 7 September 1986) was the 28th Sultan of Brunei, reigning from 4 June 1950 until his abdication from the throne on 5 October 1967. He was also Brunei's Minister of Defence after the country's independence. He was known as "The Architect of Modern Brunei", "The Royal Poet", and "The Father of Independence". Early life Pengiran Muda Omar Ali Saifuddien was born at Istana Kota, Kampong Sultan Lama, Brunei Town on 3 Zulkaedah 1332 Hijrah, corresponding to 23 September 1914. He was the fifth of ten children of Muhammad Jamalul Alam II and Raja Isteri Fatimah. His older brother, Ahmad Tajuddin later became Sultan. His other siblings were; Pengiran Muda Besar, Pengiran Muda Tengah, Pengiran Anak Puteri Besar, Pengiran Anak Puteri Tengah, Pengiran Anak Puteri Damit, Pengiran Muda Anum, Pengiran Muda Laila Gambar and Pengiran Muda Bongsu. Career experiences Omar Ali Saifuddien, under the behest of his British mentor and father-figure Sir Roland Evelyn Turnbull, studied at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar in Perak, British Malaya from 1932 to 1936. As a result, he was the first of the Brunei sultans to receive formal education in a foreign institution. After finishing education in Malaya, he returned to Brunei in 1936 to work in the Forestry Department, Kuala Belait as a Cadet Officer. This job enabled him to be closer to the people in villages and remote areas. As such he was also able to understand the people's problems and their needs. In 1938, he was transferred to the Judiciary Department, also in Kuala Belait in 1937. Here, he was able to learn about the Criminal and Civil Procedure Code from the Assistant British Resident, Hughes-Hallet. He remained there until 1938. In 1941, he worked as an administrator in the British Resident's office. It was here that he studied English language under the guidance of H.F. Stalley. During the period of Japanese Occupation and the Second World War, he worked at the Japanese Governor's office as a secretary to the Japanese Sub-district commander, Tsuyoshi Kimura(木村強). After the war, in 1947, he was subsequently appointed a member of Brunei State Council and chairman of the Syariah Court. He was the first member of the royal family to suggest fact-finding visits to the rural villages. Personal life Family His first wife was Dayang Siti Amin binti Pehin Orang Kaya Pekerma Setia Laila Diraja Awang Haji Hashim, but the couple had no children. On 6 September 1941, he married his cousin as his second wife, Pengiran Anak Damit binti Pengiran Bendahara Seri Maharaja Permaisuara Pengiran Anak Abdul Rahman. She was the great granddaughter of Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin. She bore him 10 children, including the eldest, Hassanal Bolkiah, the incumbent Sultan of Brunei. On 13 September 1979, his wife, Paduka Suri Seri Begawan Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Damit died. After that, for the last time, he married Pengiran Bini Pengiran Anak Hajah Salhah binti Pengiran Bendahara Seri Maharaja Permaisuara Pengiran Anak Abdul Rahman, who was also his sister-in-law. The couple, however, had no children. She died on Friday, 18 February 2011. Grandchildren The titles Pengiran Muda and Pengiran Anak Puteri only fall to the children of ruling Sultan of Brunei. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III had at least 66 grandchildren: By his eldest son, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (born 1946): Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Hajah Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Hajah Muta-Wakkilah Hayatul Bolkiah. Pengiran Muda Mahkota Pengiran Muda (Crown Prince) Al-Muhtadee Billah. Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Hajah Majeedah Nuurul Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Hajah Hafizah Sururul Bolkiah. Pengiran Muda (Prince) Abdul Malik. Pengiran Muda (Prince) Haji Abdul Azim (died on 24 October 2020) Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Azemah Ni'matul Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Fadzillah Lubabul Bolkiah. Pengiran Muda (Prince) Abdul Mateen. Pengiran Muda (Prince) Abdul Wakeel. Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Ameerah Wardatul Bolkiah. By Pengiran Muda (Prince) Haji Muhammad Bolkiah (born 1948): Pengiran Anak Hajah Taiyibah Qalbul Bolqiah. Pengiran Muda 'Abdu'l Qawi (born 1974). Pengiran Anak Hajah Ruqiyah Mataul Bulqiah. Pengiran Muda 'Abdu'l Fattah (born 1982). Pengiran Muda 'Abdu'l Mu'min (born 1983). Pengiran Anak Mansurah Izzul Bolkiah. Pengiran Muda Omar 'Ali (born 1986). Pengiran Anak Khaliilah Bolqiah. Pengiran Anak Naafi'ah Khairul Bulqiah. Pengiran Muda 'Abdu'l Muqtadir. By Pengiran Muda (Prince) Haji Sufri Bolkiah (born 1951): Pengiran Muda Muhammad Safiz (born 1974). Pengiran Anak Kamilah. Pengiran Anak Muhdiyatul Bulqiah. Pengiran Anak Hamlatul Arsy Mulia Pengiran Anak Ajeerah Fidrausul Bulqiah. Pengiran Anak Raafi'ah Amalul Bulqiah. Pengiran Muda 'Abdul Khaliq. Pengiran Anak 'Aliiyah Amalul Bulqiah. Pengiran Muda 'Abdul Aleem. Pengiran Anak 'Aizzatul Bulqiah. By Pengiran Muda (Prince) Haji Jefri Bolkiah: Pengiran Muda Hajji Abdul Hakeem Bolkiah (born 1973). Pengiran Anak Hamidah Jamalul Bulqiah. Pengiran Muda Abu Bahar (born 1981). Pengiran Anak Joanna Jefri Bulqiah. Pengiran Anak Samantha Richelle Bulqiah. Pengiran Anak Karraminah Clarisse Bulqiah. Pengiran Muda Kiko Jefri Bolkiah(born 1995). Pengiran Muda Faiq Bolkiah(born 1998) Pengiran Anak Haqidah Bolkiah Pengiran Anak Qianah Bolkiah By his daughter, Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Hajah Masna: Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Wadood Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Haji Mohammed Al-Mokhtar. Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul 'Ali Yil-Kabier. Pengiran Anak Hajah Ameenah Bushral Bulqiah. Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Qudduus. By his daughter, Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess)Hajah Norain: Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Hadi Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Kadir. Pengiran Anak Hajah Siti Radhiah. Pengiran Anak Wahidah Widadul Bolqiah. Pengiran Anak Hafiyyah. By his daughter, Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess)Hajah Amal Umi Kalthum Al-Islam: Pengiran Anak Haji Mohammed Saifullah. Pengiran Anak Hajah Huda Bahaaul Bulqiah. Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Nafee'. Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Ghaffar. Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Mui'z. By his daughter, Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Hajah Amal Rakiah: Pengiran Anak Hajah Mujaabah Safaaul Bolqiah. Pengiran Anak Abdul Mun'im. By his daughter, Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess)Hajah Amal Nasibah: Pengiran Anak Abdul Badee'. Pengiran Anak Abdul Rashid. By his youngest daughter, Pengiran Anak Puteri (Princess) Hajah Amal Jefriah: Pengiran Anak Hajah Nurul Amal Ni'matullah Athirah. Pengiran Anak Hajah Nurul Amal Munjiatul Athirah. Pengiran Anak Muhammad Abdul Haffiz. Pengiran Anak Muhammad Abdul Qayyum. Pengiran Anak Muhammad Abdul Razaaq. Descendants Great Grandchildren Pengiran Anak Raheemah Sanaul Bolkiah binti Pengiran Maharaja Setia Laila Diraja Sahibul Irshad Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Rahim, granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Hariisah Widadul Bolqiah binti Pengiran Maharaja Setia Laila Diraja Sahibul Irshad Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Rahim, granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak 'Abdul Raqiib bin Pengiran Maharaja Setia Laila Diraja Sahibul Irshad Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Rahim, grandson of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak 'Abdul Haseeb bin Pengiran Maharaja Setia Laila Diraja Sahibul Irshad Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Rahim, grandson of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Raqeeqah Raayatul Bolqiah binti Pengiran Maharaja Setia Laila Diraja Sahibul Irshad Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Rahim, granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Muda (Prince) Abdul Muntaqim, grandson of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Muneerah Madhul Bolkiah, granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Muda (Prince) Muhammad Aiman, grandson of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Faathimah Az-Zahraa Raihaanul Bolkiah, granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak 'Abdul Hafeez bin Pengiran Anak Khairul Khalil, grandson of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Raihaanah Hanaa-Ul Bolqiah binti Pengiran Anak Khairul Khalil, daughter of Princess Majeedah. Pengiran Anak Muhammad Za'eem bin Pengiran Anak Haji Muhammad Ruzaini, son of Princess Hafizah. Pengiran Anak Muhammad Aamir bin Pengiran Anak Haji Muhammad Ruzaini, son of Princess Hafizah. Pengiran Anak Abdul Hakeem bin Pengiran Anak Haji Muhammad Ruzaini, son of Princess Hafizah. Pengiran Anak Muthee'ah Raayatul Bolqiah binti Duli Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri Pengiran Muda Haji Abdul Malik, granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Fathiyyah Rafaahul Bolqiah binti Duli Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri Pengiran Muda Abdul Malik, granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Pengiran Anak Khaalishah Mishbaahul Bolqiah binti Duli Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri Pengiran Muda Abdul Malik, granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Became Pengiran Bendahara He had the title Pengiran Bendahara Seri Maharaja Permaisuara conferred on him by his brother, Ahmad Tajuddin on 15 July 1947. Succession to the throne Upon the death of his brother, who left no male heirs, on 4 June 1950, he was proclaimed the next Sultan on 6 June 1950. Omar Ali Saifuddien was crowned as the Sultan Dan Yang Di-Pertuan on 31 May 1951. In conjunction of the coronation, he was conferred with the Honorary Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (CMG) by Queen Elizabeth II. In September 1951, upon becoming Sultan, he performed his first pilgrimage to Mecca, and made another in April 1962. Contributions Under Omar Ali Saifuddien's leadership, Brunei gradually gained self-rule while its external affairs and defence remained under the charge of Britain. The introduction of the 1959 Constitution effectively brought an end to the Resident's rule in Brunei and reinstated the Sultan's internal sovereignty, making him the supreme executive head of government in Brunei. He was increasingly able to make his own decisions in finance and administration. In 1959, the post of the British Resident was replaced with that of High Commissioner. The High Commissioner was still required to give advice to the Sultan on all matters concerning the administration of the state except on matters pertaining to religion and customs. He promoted the use of English extensively among his people. He was instrumental in setting up the first English government school in 1953 namely SOAS College followed by STIPRI girls school and Anthony Abell College. He introduced the scholarship scheme and sent his people to study in the UK to prepare his people to lead the country’s administration. Even though the first Bruneian only got a degree in 1959, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin III was quickly able to educate and train enough local people to manage the state affairs. His other contribution was in raising the inherited monarchy to a height of prosperity. After he came to power, he faced formidable challenges from within the sultanate as well as from the British Government to bring Brunei in line with the status enjoyed by other Southeast Asian countries. Developments in Religious Affairs and Religious Education Upon his ascension to the throne, Omar Ali Saiffudien also became the head of the Islamic religion in the country. His influence over religion guaranteed the continued beliefs and practices of Islam among the people. He was also pragmatic in ensuring that the brand of Islam promoted in the country would not conflict in the secular development of the state. He was especially keen to modify and modernise Islam in fears that Wahabism may become a threat to the monarchical structure, noting that the ideology does not recognise Kingship given the egalitarian nature of the religion. One important contribution of the Sultan was to regularise Islamic administration in Brunei. In 1948, a religious council, comprising the Mohammedan Religious Advisers was formed. Due to the Sultan's initiative, the council met for the first time on 31 January 1948. He himself was appointed chairman of this council. After examining several laws on Islamic affairs in the Malay Peninsula, the board made new proposals regarding the religious administration in Brunei. According to his speech during the Opening Ceremony of the Shariah Council, He was also responsible for the formation of the Department of Religious Affairs on 1 July 1954. The department was responsible for all the important decisions made on Islam in Brunei. All aspects of Islamic activities such as community life, laws, education, missionary activities and social administration were supervised by these two religious bodies. He was also concerned about the insufficient time allocated for religious instruction in government schools, and authorized the government to request for assistance from Johore. In 1954, two religious officers from Johore were sent to Brunei. They were Haji Othman Mohammad Said and Haji Ismail Omar Abdul Aziz. (The latter, also known as Pehin Dato Seri Maharaja, was appointed as the State Mufti in 1962, and from 1967 his death in 1993). As a result of their recommendations, in September 1956, religious schools operating in the afternoon were established. The Bruneian government also offered religious scholarships to students with potential to continue their higher education overseas. This was limited to Aljunied Arabic School in Singapore at first, but from 1956 onwards, students were also sent to the Islamic College in Klang, Selangor, Malaysia (then the Federation of Malaya) and Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt for degree courses. Other contributions Omar Ali Saifuddien granted permission to build mosques and surau throughout the country in his efforts to expand and strengthen the Islamic religion. The most significant of all his achievements was the completion of a new state mosque named after him, Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque on 26 September 1958. He was also responsible for making Islam the state religion of Brunei. This was stated in the 1959 Constitution Agreement. Islam's position was therefore strengthened in Brunei. Notable visits by foreign leaders during reign On 21 October 1952, Brunei was visited by Princess Marina, the Duchess of Kent. On 25 September 1958, the Sultan received the visit of Syed Putra of Perlis, Hisamuddin of Selangor; Abu Bakar of Pahang and Sir Anthony Abell Governor of Sarawak, who attended the Berkhatan (circumcision) ceremony of the Sultan's sons, Prince Hassanal Bolkiah and Prince Mohamed Bolkiah. The Sultan received the visit of guests: Abu Bakar of Pahang, Hisamuddin of Selangor, Syed Putra of Perlis, Tuanku Munawir of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysian Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman and his deputy, Abdul Razak Hussein, who attended the official opening ceremony of the Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque. On 6 July 1959, the Sultan received the visit of Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan, the first Yang Di Pertuan Agong of the Federation of Malaya and, Tunku Kurshiah, the first Raja Permaisuri Agong of Malaya. On 1 March 1965, Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh visited Brunei. Creation of the Constitution In 1952 the Sultan worked for the implementation of the constitution as the foundation of governance and the achievement of independence from the United Kingdom. On 9 June 1953, he was conferred with the Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (KCMG) by Queen Elizabeth II. Writing of the Constitution In July 1953, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III formed a seven-member committee named Tujuh Serangkai to find out the citizens’ views regarding a written constitution for Brunei. In May 1954, a meeting attended by the Sultan, the Resident and the High Commissioner was held to discuss the findings of the committee. In March 1959 the Sultan led a delegation to London to discuss the proposed constitution. The British delegation was led by Alan Lennox-Boyd, 1st Viscount Boyd of Merton who was the Secretary of State for the Colonies. The British Government later accepted the draft constitution. On 29 September 1959, the Constitution Agreement was signed in Brunei Town. The agreement was signed by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III and Sir Robert Scott, the Commissioner-General for Southeast Asia. Some of the points of the constitution were: The Sultan was made the Supreme Head of State. Brunei was responsible for its internal administration. The British Government was now responsible for foreign and defence affairs only. The post of Resident was abolished and replaced by a British High Commissioner. Five councils were also set up: The Executive Council The Legislative Council of Brunei The Privy Council The Council Of Succession The State Religious Council Administration under the 1959 Constitution Under the Constitution, the Sultan remained the supreme executive authority in the state. Five councils were created to assist him. They were the Executive Council, Privy Council, State Religious Council, Legislative Council and the Council of Succession. Five principal administrative posts were also created. They were the Menteri Besar (Chief Minister), State Secretary, Attorney-General, State Financial Officer and Religious Adviser. During his reign, 3 chief ministers was appointed according to the Constitution. They were Ibrahim Mohammed Jaafar, Marsal Maun, and Pengiran Mohd Yusof Pengiran Abdul Rahim. The National Development Plans A series of National Development Plans were initiated by the 28th Sultan of Brunei, Omar Ali Saifuddien III. The First National Development Plan The First National Development plan was introduced in 1953. A total sum of B$100 million was approved by the Brunei State Council for the plan. E.R. Bevington from the Colonial Office in Fiji. A $14 million Gas Plant was built under the plan. In 1954, survey and exploration work were undertaken by the Brunei Shell Petroleum on both offshore and onshore fields. By 1956, production reached 114,700 bpd. He had launched the first delivery of 10-inch oil pipeline from the seabed off the coast of the Seria oil Base on 28 October 1964. Developments on education were also made. In 1952, a written policy on education was made. By 1958, expenditure on education totaled at $4 million. Communications were also improved with new roads built and reconstruction works at Berakas Airport being completed at 1954. The Second National Development Plan The second National Development Plan was launched in 1962. A major oil and gas field was discovered in 1963, with this discovery, Liquefied Natural Gas became important. Developments in the oil and gas sector has continued actively and oil production has steadily increased since then. The plan also saw an increase of production of meat and eggs. The fishing industry increased its output by 25% throughout the course of the plan. A deepwater port at Muara was also constructed under the plan. Power requirements were met and studies were made to provide electricity to rural areas. Efforts were made to eradicate malaria, with the help of the World Health Organization, under the plan. Efforts were successful, bringing the down the cases of malaria from 300 cases in 1953 to only 66 cases in 1959. The death rate was also brought down from 20 per thousand in 1947 to 11.3 per thousand in 1953. This has been attributed to public sanitation and improvement of drainage and the provision of piped pure water to the population. State Election 1962 Brunei's first state election was held in 1962. This was to elect members to sit in the Brunei Legislative Council. These elected members would then be involved in discussions of governmental policies. However, beside this, the Sultan still held the absolute power and authority in the government. Among the political parties which contested in the election were Brunei People's Party (PRB), Barisan Nasional Organisation (BNO), and Brunei United Party (BUP). The polling went on for two days on 30 and 31 August 1962. The Brunei People's Party won the election. Desire to join Malaysia When Tunku Abdul Rahman, the prime minister of the Federation of Malaya announced his proposal for a merger of Singapore, North Borneo, Sarawak, and Brunei, Omar Ali Saifuddien saw this as an opportunity for Brunei to achieve independence from British influence. He sent a congratulatory telegraph to Tunku Abdul Rahman, showing his support for the merger. For him, Brunei as a small country, still needed a protection of a larger country; the only way to achieve this was by merging with Malaysia and the rest of the states. This view was also shared by Lee Kuan Yew, the then-prime minister of Singapore. Brunei Revolt The PRB, including its leader, A.M. Azahari was against the merger. According to them, if Brunei was to join the Federation, Brunei would not have achieve full independence. Instead, it was only transfer of power from Britain to Malaya. This was called as neo-colonisation. On 8 December 1962, the PRB led a rebellion against the government. With British military aid deployed from Singapore, the rebellion was later crushed and PRB were defeated. During the rebellion, Azahari was at the Philippines during his way to the United Nations to propose another federation called North Borneo Federation, which would consist Brunei, North Borneo and Sarawak, with Brunei Town as its de facto capital. Brunei's stand on the issue of joining Malaysia After the rebellion, the discussion continued. Omar Ali Saifuddien sent a delegation to attend meetings of the Malaysian Solidarity Consolidation Committee (MSCC). The views of the people were sought by the committee, which was chaired by Marsal Maun, Chief Minister of Brunei at that time. The views were varied, some were in favour of Brunei joining Malaysia, some opposed and some wanted the Sultan to make the decision. In 1963, a meeting was held to discuss the prospect of Brunei joining Malaysia. They failed to reach an agreement on the issues of Brunei's oil revenue and federal rights to taxation. The Sultan also refused to accept that he was to be ranked as the most junior member in line to be the Yang Di Pertuan Agong of Malaysia. In fact, the then-YDPA of Malaysia at that time was waiting to finish his term. Even the initial date for the federation (which was 31 August 1963) was postponed to 16 September, no agreement was reached between the two sides. Finally, the Federation of Malaysia was formed without Brunei. Abdication After ruling for 17 years, on 4 October 1967, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien willingly abdicated in favour of his eldest son, Crown Prince Hassanal Bolkiah. At the time of the announcement, the Crown Prince was in England, training as a cadet at the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst. The Prince returned immediately to Brunei. After his abdication from the throne at the age of 53, he took the title of Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan (referred to the former sultan after the abdication), a title he held until his death in 1986. He was conferred with the Honorary Grand Commander of the Victorian Order (GCVO) by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II during her visit to Brunei on 29 February 1972. Coronation of Hassanal Bolkiah After his abdication, his eldest son, Crown Prince Hassanal Bolkiah ascended the throne to become the 29th Sultan of Brunei. The coronation ceremony began with the flying of the yellow flag at Bukit Panggal and the red flag at Bukit Sungai Kebun in February 1968. The announcement was also made throughout the country by Radio Brunei. The new Sultan rode to his coronation at the Lapau Building on 1 August 1968, on a royal carriage drawn by fifty specially selected soldiers of the Royal Brunei Malay Regiment. Omar Ali Saifuddien placed the crown on the head of his son, and handed him the Keris si-Naga, symbol of supreme royal power in Brunei. Following this he removed his ceremonial sabre, swearing loyalty to his son as head of state and religion. Like his father before him, the new Sultan took vows to maintain peace and prosperity of the nation. He also promised to improve the standard of living of his subjects through various development projects and the protect and uphold Islam and Brunei's customs and traditions. After the crowning ceremony, the new Sultan proceeded in procession through the capital, passing lines of school children cheering Daulat Tuanku (Long live my King). Among the foreign dignitaries who attended the ceremony were, the prime minister of Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew, the Malaysian prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman, and the British High Commissioner to Brunei, A.R. Adair, who represented Queen Elizabeth II. Later life and road to independence Although he had abdicated and all his responsibilities to his country had been handed over to his son, Hassanal Bolkiah, he became his son's personal adviser. As a father, he still held the lead responsibility towards his son's perfection. That is why he always held open discussion together with his son, both in Council or anywhere, including in London. He wanted to see his son's success in leading the administration of the State. He always led and guided his son in carrying out the duties as the sultan in preparation for the time Brunei would eventually become an independent and sovereign country. He witnessed the signing of the amendment and revision of the 1959 Agreement at the Lapau, Bandar Seri Begawan on 23 November 1971. He accompanied his son, Hassanal Bolkiah to London to initial the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation on 29 September 1978. He attended the signing of the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation to assume full responsibility towards the independence and sovereignty of Brunei Darussalam, and responsibility for foreign affairs and defence from the United Kingdom. He became one of the signatories of the treaty which was held at the Lapau, Bandar Seri Begawan on 7 January 1979. He also attended the opening ceremony of Brunei's own national stadium, which named as Hassanal Bolkiah National Stadium at Berakas on 23 September 1983. It was one of the most modern stadiums in Southeast Asia during that time. Post-Independence — Excerpt from the Declaration of Independence of Brunei At the stroke of midnight on 31 December 1983 in a public event held at the Haji Sir Muda Omar Ali Saifuddien Park, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah officially proclaimed that Brunei Darussalam had achieved its independence and sovereignty after 97 years of British protection. Soon after the reading of the declation, Omar Ali Saifuddien was honoured by the Sultan to lead the masses of people chanting Allahu Akbar (God is Great) three times. This was followed by the singing of the national anthem, a 21-gun salute by the Royal Brunei Land Forces and a prayer was read by the State Mufti to give God's blessings to the newly independent nation. Although it was raining that night, the people's spirit and determination did not fail them to attend the televised celebration in the capital. Although he had abdicated 17 years ago and Brunei had achieved its independence, he did not retire completely from all duties in his country, he instead continued to play an important role both as a mentor to the sultan, and as a loving father to his son. He was appointed by the Sultan as Minister of Defence in Brunei's first cabinet ministers and consequently conferred the rank of Field Marshal in the Royal Brunei Armed Forces. He attended the first celebration of Independence Day on 23 February that year at the national stadium. He would continue to attend the celebrations until his death in 1986. He also welcomed the arrival of Yasser Arafat, the Chairman of Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) on his official visit to Brunei on 26 July 1984. As Defence Minister, he attended the official opening ceremony of the Reconnaissance Armoured Vehicle Squadron of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces on 30 July 1984. He also attended the opening ceremony of the International Literary Festival IV on 9 December 1985. Death and state funeral Omar Ali Saifuddien died on 7 September 1986. Several foreign leaders had given their quotes about Omar Ali Saifuddien, A Surah Yassin book was published with the consent of Hassanal Bolkiah, to mark the 40th day of the passing away of his late father. The Churchill Memorial in Brunei He was a keen admirer of the wartime British Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill. This can be seen in the way he dressed in several occasion. He also ordered the construction of Churchill Memorial at Bandar Seri Begawan. In 1992, in conjunction with Silver Jubilee of His Majesty's Ascension to the Throne celebrations, the memorial had become the Royal Brunei Regalia Building. Also in 2017, the building was renamed to Royal Regalia Museum in conjunction with the Golden Jubilee. Personal interests He had an interest in writing poems. Apart from that, he was also known for designing the national medals. He also made a design of flowers on his clothes, the "Tenunan Brunei" which he wore on several occasions. Also, he was interested in self-defence martial arts such as silat and kuntau. As a poet His works are on "Syair" (poet). Among his poems were:- The Constitutional Poem (Syair Perlembagaan). "Syair Asli Rajang Hari". Rampaian Laila Syair. These poems contain his advice for the people of Brunei. Legacy Omar Ali Saifuddien is regarded as the Architect of Modern Brunei. Places named after Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III The capital, Brunei Town, was renamed Bandar Seri Begawan in his honor, on 5 October 1970, by his eldest son, Hassanal Bolkiah. "Begawan" was Omar Ali Saifuddien's title after he abdicated. Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque was named after the sultan, completed in 1958. Taman Haji Sir Muda Omar Ali Saifuddien at the capital. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien College. The Seri Begawan Religious Teaching University. The Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Institute of Islamic studies of Universiti Brunei Darussalam. The Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan Science College. The Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque in Kampong Katimahar. The longest bridge in Southeast Asia, the Temburong Bridge, 30-kilometre (19-mile) long which connects Brunei-Muara District with Temburong District was named Sultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien Bridge in recognition to his role as the Architect of Modern Brunei on 14 July 2020. Appearance in currency His portrait is depicted on the obverse of the 1967 issue of coins. The reverse of these coins, and all subsequent series, was designed by Christopher Ironside OBE. The coins issued were 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 sen. His portrait appears on all the first issue notes (dated 1967) in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 ringgit/dollar. His portrait is also depicted on Brunei's current issue 500 ringgit/dollar notes dated 2006 and 2013. An image of him crowning his son as his successor appears on the reverse of the commemorative 25 ringgit/dollar note dated 1992. Foreign honours : Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George (KCMG, 9 June 1953 – Honorary Companion (CMG, 1 May 1951) : Honorary Recipient of the Order of the Crown of the Realm (DMN, 25 April 1959) References Further reading Naimah S. Talib. 2020. "Refashioning the monarchy in Brunei: Sultan Omar Ali and the quest for royal absolutism." in Monarchies and decolonisation in Asia. Manchester University Press 1914 births 1986 deaths Monarchs who abdicated 20th-century Sultans of Brunei Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Harrison%20Standley

William Harrison Standley

William Harrison Standley (18 December 1872 – 25 October 1963) was an admiral in the United States Navy, who served as Chief of Naval Operations from 1933 to 1937. He also served as the U.S. ambassador to the Soviet Union from 1941 until 1943. Early life Standley was born in Ukiah, California, where his grandfather operated a hotel and his father, "Doc" Standley, was Mendocino County Sheriff. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1895. He then served the required two years' sea duty in the cruiser before he received his commission as an ensign in 1897. Spanish–American War During the Spanish–American War, Standley served in the monitor and later in the gunboat . After the fighting with Spain had ended, he joined the gunboat during the Philippine–American War. He won a commendation for bravery during a volunteer reconnaissance mission carried out at Baler, on 11 April 1899. In conjunction with a feint conducted by Lieutenant J. C. Gilmore, Standley, then an ensign, ventured into enemy territory to reconnoiter insurgent positions. Peacetime Ordered to the gunboat on 29 May 1901, Standley later became Officer in Charge, Branch Hydrographic Office, San Francisco, California, in October of the same year. Assigned to the training ship in June 1902, he later served as engineer in the ship and as aide to the Commandant of the Naval Station at Tutuila, Samoa. Designated as the captain of the yard there in 1905, Standley discharged his duties as officer in charge of the native guard and chief customs officer until detached with orders to the United States in October 1906. Reporting to the receiving ship in January 1907, Standley served as executive officer of the cruiser from February 1909 to August 1910. From January 1910, he also discharged duties as Albany's navigator as well. Standley then reported to the armored cruiser on 3 November 1910 and was navigator of that ship until becoming aide to the Commandant of the Mare Island Navy Yard at Vallejo, California. After three years in that post, Standley became executive officer of the battleship and later took command of the gunboat Yorktown on 15 May 1915. World War I Returning to the Naval Academy on 14 October 1916, as Assistant to the Superintendent in charge of Building and Grounds, Standley later served for 11 months as Commandant of Midshipmen. Under his direction, the new seamanship and navigation buildings were constructed and over $4,000,000 spent in enlarging Bancroft Hall to accommodate the increased number of midshipmen appointed during the World War I period. For his "highly meritorious" service in those posts at Annapolis, Standley received a special letter of commendation from the Secretary of the Navy. Detached from the Naval Academy in July 1919, Standley soon thereafter assumed command of the pre-dreadnought battleship and, a year later, received orders to attend the Naval War College. After completing his studies at Newport, Standley returned to sea, serving as Assistant Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief, Battle Fleet, from 5 July 1921 to 30 June 1923, before he reported to Washington for duty heading the War Plans Division in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO). Completing the latter tour on 1 February 1926, Standley then commanded from 15 February 1926 to 11 October 1927. Standley returned to shore duty in Washington, D.C., as Director of the Fleet Training Division, Office of the CNO, and held that post until 14 May 1928. He then served as Assistant CNO until 17 September 1930, when he became Commander, Destroyer Squadrons, Battle Fleet, a title that changed to Commander, Destroyers, Battle Force, United States Fleet, on 1 April 1931, with additional duty as Commander, Destroyers, United States Fleet. Designated as a member of the Navy Department's Selection Board on 18 November 1931, Standley became Commander, Cruisers, Scouting Forces, with additional duties as Commander, Cruisers, U.S. Fleet, and Commander, Cruiser Division 5, on 16 December of the same year. Appointed vice admiral, on 20 January 1932 while in command of the Battle Force's cruisers, Standley was placed in command of the Battle Force, U.S. Fleet, with the rank of admiral, on 20 May 1933. Breaking his flag in his former command, California, the admiral remained at sea until 1 July 1933, when President Franklin Roosevelt appointed him Chief of Naval Operations, replacing William V. Pratt. Unlike Pratt, who had been content being primus inter pares among the bureau chiefs of the Navy, Standley asserted his position over them and treated them as his subordinates. This sat ill with Standley's opponents who felt that they were subordinate to the Secretary of the Navy, including William D. Leahy, then chief of the Bureau of Navigation and Ernest King, then the newly appointed chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics. The argument grew severe enough for Standley to bring it directly to the President who decided to uphold the status quo and the CNO's limited authority. For his part, Standley never forgave Leahy for contesting him, even trying to prevent him from being appointed as Commander, Battleships, Battle Force. He continued to persist in doing so amid the support of Secretary Claude A. Swanson and the commander of the United States Fleet, Joseph M. Reeves. This was eventually overcome and Leahy assumed his intended position with the rank of vice admiral as planned. From 1935 to 1936 he served as President of the Army Navy Country Club in Arlington, Virginia. Before being retired, at his own request, on 1 January 1937 and handing over the reins of office to Admiral William D. Leahy, Admiral Standley frequently performed the duties of Acting Secretary of the Navy, due to the declining health of Secretary of the Navy Claude A. Swanson. Standley represented the United States as a delegate to the London Naval Conference between 7 December 1935 to 25 March 1936 and signed that accord on behalf of the United States. In addition, during his tenure as CNO, Standley initiated the Vinson-Trammell Naval Bill that provided for establishing, building, and maintaining the navy at treaty strength. World War II Recalled to active duty on 13 February 1941, Standley served as naval representative on the planning board of the Office of Production Management (OPM) for seven months. After leaving the OPM in the autumn of 1941, Standley served as the American naval member on the Beaverbrook-Harriman Special War Supply Mission to the Soviet Union. Upon his return, Standley became a member of the Navy Board for Production Awards. When President Roosevelt established the Roberts Commission to investigate the attack on Pearl Harbor, he selected Admiral Standley as one of the members of that sensitive body that studied the attack into early 1942. In February 1942, Standley was appointed American Ambassador to the USSR, a post he held into the autumn of 1943. Subsequently, recalled to active duty once more, in March 1944, Standley served in the Office of Strategic Services throughout the remaining period of hostilities. Relieved of all active duty on 31 August 1945, Standley lived in retirement at San Diego, California, until his death on 25 October 1963. Legacy The cruiser was named in his honor. Admiral William Standley State Recreation Area, a California state recreation area, is also named for him, as is a middle school in San Diego. References External links Admiral William Standley State Recreation Area Department Of The Navy – Naval Historical Center biography and history of namesake guided missile frigate USS William H. Standley (DLG/CG-32) 1872 births 1963 deaths United States Navy admirals American military personnel of the Philippine–American War United States Navy World War II admirals People of the Spanish–American War Ambassadors of the United States to Russia Chiefs of Naval Operations Naval War College alumni People from Ukiah, California Ambassadors of the United States to the Soviet Union 20th-century American diplomats Military personnel from California

789442

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason%20Robert%20Brown

Jason Robert Brown

Jason Robert Brown (born June 20, 1970) is an American musical theatre composer, lyricist, and playwright. Brown's music sensibility fuses pop-rock stylings with theatrical lyrics. He is the recipient of three Tony Awards for his work on Parade and The Bridges of Madison County. Career Brown grew up in the suburbs of New York City, and attended the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York for 2 years, rooming with fellow student, and vocalist, Christopher Mooney. During summer, he attended French Woods Festival of the Performing Arts in Hancock, New York. He said Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street and Sunday in the Park with George were two of his biggest influences, and had it not been for them, he would have joined a rock band and tried to be Billy Joel. He began his career in New York City as an arranger, conductor, and pianist, working on shows such as William Finn's A New Brain, and playing at several nightclubs and piano bars in the city. Songs for a New World marked the first major New York production of Brown's songs. An off-Broadway revue with a limited run, the show was directed by Daisy Prince, daughter of director/producer Hal Prince, and featured the 25-year-old Brown's pop-rock-influenced music. The song "Stars and the Moon" has since become a cabaret standard, and is probably Brown's best-known composition to date. Brown was subsequently hired to write songs for the Broadway musical Parade, based on the trial and lynching of Leo Frank, after meeting Hal Prince. Parade, directed by Prince and with a book by Alfred Uhry, won Brown the 1999 Tony Award for Best Original Score. During this production, Livent, one of the producers of Parade, pulled out after reviews were not as positive as they'd hoped. RCA Victor, the other major producer, decided it would pull out as well. Brown said of the event in 1999, "Livent dropped out shortly after the reviews came out. They announced they would not spend another dime on the show. RCA had an agreement to record all of Livent's shows. But when Livent pulled out of 'Parade,' the RCA higher-ups said they were pulling out, too. I had to go to Billy Rosenfield and ask him: 'What if we pay for this record and you just distribute it?' Billy said, 'Sure.'" Brown had to try to scrounge money from every corner, "In the end, RCA put in $25,000, Lincoln Center put in a big chunk, around $200,000, including the producer Scott Rudin's $25,000, and there was a contribution from the Gilman and Gonzalez-Falla foundation, which has helped support a lot of musical theatre composers over the years, of $40,000. Even Roy Furman, the new guy at Livent, gave us a little money. Somehow, we pulled it together." Livent also was struggling at the time because the company had mishandled funds while applying for bankruptcy protection. Brown went back to working with Daisy Prince for his third major show The Last Five Years, for which he wrote the book as well as songs. Inspired by his own failed first marriage, the show is a two-person musical that tells the history of a relationship from two different perspectives. The male's narrative begins at the beginning of the story and progresses through marriage, infidelity, and divorce, while the female narrative begins at the end of the relationship and ends with the couple's first date; the two actors' only direct interaction takes place midpoint, during the wedding sequence. The original Chicago cast consisted of Norbert Leo Butz and Lauren Kennedy, with Sherie Rene Scott over the New York run. The Last Five Years received mixed critical reviews and was not a commercial success, lasting only two months off-Broadway, although Brown garnered 2 Drama Desk Awards for music and lyrics. Additionally, due to the cast recording featuring Scott and Butz, the show has gained popularity among contemporary musical theatre aficionados and is an oft-performed piece in regional and community theatres. A film version of the show, featuring Anna Kendrick and Jeremy Jordan, was released in February 2015. Brown contributed several songs to the Broadway flop Urban Cowboy. He had worked as an orchestrator with director Phillip Oesterman on the Off-Broadway musical New York Rock, and Oesterman called on him to help him out with Urban Cowboy. Urban Cowboy had been denied the use of the Clint Black catalog, and Brown came in and wrote a few songs (with help from director Lonny Price, who replaced Oesterman after he died). The show was nominated, with 30 other composers, for the 2003 Tony Award for Best Musical Score, losing out to Hairspray. In June 2005, Brown released a solo album, entitled Wearing Someone Else's Clothes. In December 2005, his Chanukah Suite received its world premiere with two performances by the Los Angeles Master Chorale at the Walt Disney Concert Hall. He also teaches courses in musical theatre performance and composition at the University of Southern California. Brown is an active performer of his own work, singing and playing the piano with or without his band, the Caucasian Rhythm Kings (Gary Sieger, guitar, and Randy Landau, bass). Brown's tween-oriented musical 13 premiered at the Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles, CA on January 7, 2007. It opened on Broadway October 5, 2008, at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre, and closed on January 4, 2009. His Bridges of Madison County, a musical adaption of the film with Marsha Norman premiered at the Williamstown Theatre Festival on August 1, 2013. Directed by Bartlett Sher, the cast featured Elena Shaddow as Francesca and Steven Pasquale. The musical opened on Broadway on February 27, 2014, at the Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre, starring Kelli O'Hara as Francesca. According to Brown, Bree Lowdermilk used to be an assistant to him. In 2010, Brown publicized his personal efforts to discourage the unauthorized online sharing of his copyrighted sheet music via an e-mail conversation with a teenager named Eleanor. Current projects Current projects include a screenplay for a film version of 13, a new musical adaptation of Farewell My Concubine, and an original musical called The Connector. Musical style Brown has many trademarks in his composing style, which is often rhythmically dynamic and harmonically unconventional, calling for a wide vocal range. His vocal lines often include internal rhymes, as well as melodic phrases which do not adhere to a predictable 4-measure length. He favors songs written in AABA' form, with some exceptions to this form in his show Parade. Perhaps most characteristic are his love duets; all five ("I'd Give it All for You" from Songs for a New World, "All the Wasted Time" from Parade, "The Next Ten Minutes" from The Last Five Years, "Tell Her" from 13, and "One Second And A Million Miles" from The Bridges of Madison County) are written in a very distinct format: male-female-both, compound time in the duet section (two using hemiola), and four of the five end with the couple singing the same pitch. In 2005, Brown was cited by Mark Shenton as one of the leading new theatrical composers (a list that includes Michael John LaChiusa, Adam Guettel, Andrew Lippa, and Jeanine Tesori, among others). Personal life Brown was born in Ossining, New York. He is Jewish. He was previously married to Theresa O'Neill, and their failed marriage inspired his musical The Last Five Years. Since 2003, Brown has been married to fellow composer Georgia Stitt. Together, they have two daughters. Major works Musical theatre Songs for a New World – Ran Off-Broadway at the WPA Theatre, October 11 – November 5, 1995. Also conducted, played piano, and sang one line in the last song. The show was revived at New York City Center for four nights in June 2018. Parade – Ran on Broadway from December 17, 1998 to February 28, 1999. Won the Tony Award for Best Score, and a Drama Desk Award for Best Music. Also plays piano on the cast recording. The Last Five Years – Ran Off-Broadway from March 3, 2002 to May 5, 2002. Won Drama Desk Awards for Best Music and Best Lyrics, and nominated for Outstanding Orchestrations. Also wrote the book, conducted, and played piano. In 2014, a movie was made starring Anna Kendrick and Jeremy Jordan. Urban Cowboy – Ran on Broadway from March 27, 2003 to May 18, 2003. Tony-Nominated for Best Original Score. Brown contributed five songs to the score of the musical. Also orchestrated, arranged, music directed, conducted, played keyboards, and sang. 13 – Premiered January 7, 2007, at the Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles, California and subsequently opened on Broadway at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre, running from October 5, 2008 to January 4, 2009 after 22 previews and 105 regular performances. The Bridges of Madison County – Stage adaptation of the novel, with a book by Marsha Norman. The musical played an out-of-town tryout at the Williamstown Theatre Festival in August 2013. It opened on Broadway at the Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre on January 17, 2014 (in previews) and officially on February 20, 2014. The production closed on May 18, 2014 after 137 performances due to low ticket sales. He won two 2014 Tony Awards, one for Best Original Score and one for Best Orchestrations. Honeymoon in Vegas – Brown has written a stage adaptation of the motion picture of the same name, with the book written by Andrew Bergman. The Broadway production was originally scheduled to debut in Toronto in November 2012, but was canceled. Performances began on September 26, 2013, for the out-of-town tryout at the Paper Mill Playhouse starring Tony Danza and Rob McClure. The Broadway production starring Danza and McClure opened at the Nederlander Theatre on January 15, 2015, before closing on April 5, 2015, due to insufficient ticket sales. Mr. Saturday Night – Brown has scored a musical version of this 1992 film starring Billy Crystal who will also star in the musical version. He scored this production alongside Amanda Green. It will premiere at the Nederlander Theatre on March 29, 2022. Solo albums Wearing Someone Else's Clothes – 2005 – Brown's solo debut album, composed entirely of tracks which were previously unreleased, some of which were cut songs from shows or written for shows which were never finished, and some of which were written as stand-alone songs for the album. The album features his vocals and compositions on every song, and his arrangements and musicianship on almost every track. How We React and How We Recover – A second solo album, recorded from May–December 2017, features songs developed at his monthly Subculture concert residency in New York. The album was released June 29, 2018 by Sh-K-Boom/Ghostlight Records. Coming From Inside The House (A Virtual SubCulture Concert) – A third solo album, featuring vocals by Shoshana Bean, Ariana Grande, and Brown's wife and daughters. It was recorded on April 27, 2020 for the one-night video streaming event to benefit the SubCulture staff and musicians from the Jason Robert Brown Artist-in-Residence concerts, during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was released worldwide on December 18, 2020 by Craft Recordings. Other works Chanukah Suite – 2005 – an 8-minute chorale fanfare in three parts, featuring traditional Hebrew songs infused with up-tempo rock and roll rhythms and Leonard Bernstein inspired chordal flavors. "Jason's Song (Gave It Away)" – When Brown was in L.A. for a couple of weeks, Ariana Grande asked him to write a song for a new album. Since they have worked together before (in the Original Broadway Cast of 13), Brown agreed to help. Months later, their track was released on Grande's extended edition of Dangerous Woman. The Waverly Gallery – Off-Broadway run from March 22, 2000 to May 21, 2000 at the Promenade Theatre. Play by Kenneth Lonergan, with music by Brown. John and Jen – Orchestrations A New Brain – Vocal arrangements/additional musician New York Rock – Orchestrations The Trumpet of the Swan, 2011 – Composer and conductor for stage adaptation by Marsha Norman Awards and nominations Recordings Original cast recordings were made for Songs for a New World, Parade, The Last Five Years, 13, The Bridges of Madison County, and Honeymoon in Vegas. "Stars and the Moon" has been recorded many times, including on Audra McDonald's Way Back to Paradise and Betty Buckley's Stars and the Moon: Live at the Donmar. Actress Lauren Kennedy, who originated the role of Cathy in the Chicago production of The Last Five Years, released Songs of Jason Robert Brown, featuring Brown's compositions from his previous shows, as well as several previously unreleased songs. References External links Jason Robert Brown's Official Website Internet Off-Broadway Database Production: Urban Cowboy – Working in the Theatre Seminar video at American Theatre Wing.org, April 2003 Parade to Make West End Premiere in 2007 BroadwayWorld.com interview with Jason Robert Brown, August 16, 2007 1970 births American musical theatre composers American musical theatre lyricists Broadway composers and lyricists Broadway music directors Drama Desk Award winners Eastman School of Music alumni Living people People from Ossining, New York Pupils of Samuel Adler (composer) Songwriters from New York (state) Tony Award winners University of Southern California faculty American male pianists 21st-century American pianists 21st-century American male musicians American male songwriters

801977

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin%20Smith

Calvin Smith

Calvin Smith (born January 8, 1961) is a former sprint track and field athlete from the United States. He is a former world record holder in the 100-meter sprint with 9.93 seconds in 1983 and was twice world champion over 200 metres, in 1983 and 1987. He also won an Olympic gold medal in the 4x100-meter relay in 1984. He was born in Bolton, Mississippi. Background Smith was brought up in Bolton, Mississippi and attended Sumner Hill High School in Clinton, Mississippi. Smith had a dazzling collegiate career at the University of Alabama. Smith set the 100 metre world record on July 3, 1983 at the U.S. Olympic Festival at Colorado Springs, with a run of 9.93 seconds. In doing so, he broke the previous record set by Jim Hines, which had lasted for almost 15 years. Both Hines' and Smith's records were set at high altitude. At the inaugural Athletics World Championships in 1983, Smith claimed gold medals in the 200 m and the 4x100-meters relay (which the U.S. team won in world record time), as well as a silver medal behind Lewis in the 100 meters. August 1983 also saw Smith become the first athlete to run under 10 seconds (9.97) for the 100 m and under 20 seconds (19.99) for the 200 meters in the same evening in Zurich, Switzerland. At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, Smith won a gold medal as part of the U.S. 4x100-meters relay team, again establishing a new world record in this event. At the 1987 World Championships, Smith successfully defended his 200-meter gold medal. (At that time, the World Championships were held once every four years, whereas since 1991 they are held every two years.) At the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, Smith was involved in the most controversial Olympic 100 meters final of all time and ended up receiving the bronze medal (see #1988 Olympics below). Smith missed out on what seemed like a likely gold medal in the 4x100-meters relay in Seoul because the U.S. team did not reach the final following a disqualification for passing the baton outside the legal area. Smith continued to run for the U.S. national team into the 1990s. In the later years of his career, he was named captain of the U.S. track and field team at major events including the Olympic Games and World Championships. 1988 Olympics Ben Johnson of Canada crossed the line first, with Lewis second, Linford Christie of Great Britain third, and Smith fourth. When Johnson tested positive for anabolic steroids and was stripped of his gold medal, Smith was upgraded to the bronze medal position. Johnson was not the only participant whose success was questioned: Lewis had tested positive at the Olympic Trials for pseudoephedrine, ephedrine and phenylpropanolamine. Lewis defended himself, claiming that he had accidentally consumed the banned substances. After the supplements that he had taken were analyzed to prove his claims, the USOC accepted his claim of inadvertent use, since a dietary supplement he ingested was found to contain "Ma huang", the Chinese name for Ephedra (ephedrine is known to help weight loss). Fellow Santa Monica Track Club teammates Joe DeLoach and Floyd Heard were also found to have the same banned stimulants in their systems, and were cleared to compete for the same reason. The highest level of the stimulants Lewis recorded was 6 ppm, which was regarded as a positive test in 1988 but is now regarded as negative test. The acceptable level has been raised to ten parts per million for ephedrine and twenty-five parts per million for other substances. According to the IOC rules at the time, positive tests with levels lower than 10 ppm were cause of further investigation but not immediate ban. Neal Benowitz, a professor of medicine at UC San Francisco who is an expert on ephedrine and other stimulants, agreed that "These [levels] are what you'd see from someone taking cold or allergy medicines and are unlikely to have any effect on performance." Christie was found to have metabolites of pseudoephedrine in his urine after a 200m heat at the same Olympics, but was later cleared of any wrongdoing. Of the top five competitors in the race, only former world record holder and eventual bronze medalist Smith never failed a drug test during his career. Smith later said: "I should have been the gold medalist." Personal life Smith is married to Melanie, whom he met at college, and has two children, a daughter Brittney and a son Calvin Smith Jr. Smith retired from athletics in 1996 and was then for two years an assistant coach at the University of Alabama. He then moved with his family to Tampa, Florida where he has pursued a variety of careers. He is currently working for a non-profit agency that provides people with medical assistance. International competitions Personal bests Smith's 19.99 run, made him the second man in history to achieve both a sub-10 second 100 m and a sub-20 second 200 m. Carl Lewis having achieved the feat 66 days earlier. All information taken from IAAF Profile. Rankings Smith was ranked among the best in the USA and the world in both the 100 and 200 m sprint events from 1980 to 1993, according to the votes of the experts of Track and Field News. Records and World Bests Smith achieved the following world records and world best times during his illustrious career: world record of 9.93 s at the United States Air Force Academy on 3 July 1983. world low-altitude best time of 9.97 s in Zurich on 24 August 1983. world record at the 4 × 100 m relay in Helsinki on the 10 August 1983. world record in the 4 × 100 m relay in Los Angeles on 11 August 1984. Accolades In 2007, Smith was inducted into the United States Track and Field Hall of Fame. In 2014, Smith was inducted into the Mississippi Sports Hall of Fame. In 2016, Smith was inducted into the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame. See also Men's 100 metres world record progression Best Running Insoles For Flat Feet References External links Profile at run-down.com 1961 births Living people People from Bolton, Mississippi Track and field athletes from Mississippi American male sprinters Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics Athletes (track and field) at the 1988 Summer Olympics Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in track and field Olympic gold medalists for the United States in track and field University of Alabama alumni Alabama Crimson Tide men's track and field athletes World record setters in athletics (track and field) World Athletics Championships medalists World Athletics Championships athletes for the United States Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field) Universiade gold medalists for the United States Universiade silver medalists for the United States World Athletics Championships winners Medalists at the 1981 Summer Universiade

807849

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Smith%20Surtees

Robert Smith Surtees

Robert Smith Surtees (17 May 180516 March 1864) was an English editor, novelist and sporting writer, widely known as R. S. Surtees. He was the second son of Anthony Surtees of Hamsterley Hall, a member of an old County Durham family. He is remembered for his invented character of Jorrocks, a vulgar but good-natured sporting cockney grocer. Early life Surtees attended a school at Ovingham and then Durham School, before being articled in 1822 to Robert Purvis, a solicitor in Market Street, Newcastle upon Tyne. Career Surtees left for London in 1825, intending to practise law in the capital, but had difficulty making his way and began contributing to the Sporting Magazine. He launched out on his own with the New Sporting Magazine in 1831, contributing the comic papers which appeared as Jorrocks' Jaunts and Jollities in 1838. Jorrocks, the sporting cockney grocer, with his vulgarity and good-natured artfulness, was a great success with the public, and Surtees produced more Jorrocks novels in the same vein, notably Handley Cross and Hillingdon Hall, where the description of the house is very reminiscent of Hamsterley. Another hero, Soapey Sponge, appears in Mr Sponge's Sporting Tour, possibly Surtees best work. All Surtees' novels were composed at Hamsterley Hall, where he wrote standing up at a desk, like Victor Hugo. In 1835, Surtees abandoned his legal practice and after inheriting Hamsterley Hall in 1838, devoted himself to hunting and shooting, meanwhile writing anonymously for his own pleasure. He was a friend and admirer of the great hunting man Ralph Lambton, who had his headquarters at Sedgefield County Durham, the 'Melton of the North'. Surtees became Lord High Sheriff of Durham in 1856. He died in Brighton in 1864, and was buried in Ebchester church. Though Surtees did not set his novels in any readily identifiable locality, he uses North East place-names like Sheepwash, Howell (How) Burn, and Winford Rig. His memorable Geordie James Pigg, in Handley Cross, is based on Joe Kirk, a Slaley huntsman. The famous incident, illustrated by Leech, when Pigg jumps into the melon frame was inspired by a similar episode involving Kirk in Corbridge. As a creator of comic personalities, Surtees is still readable today. Thackeray envied him his powers of observation, while William Morris considered him "a master of life" and ranked him with Dickens. The novels are engaging and vigorous, and abound with sharp social observation, with a keener eye than Dickens for the natural world. Perhaps Surtees most resembles the Dickens of Pickwick Papers, which was originally intended as mere supporting matter for a series of sporting illustrations to rival Jorrocks. Most of Surtees's later novels, were illustrated by John Leech. They included Mr Sponge's Sporting Tour (1853); Ask Mamma (1858); Plain or Ringlets? (1860) and Mr Facey Romford's Hounds (1865). The last of these novels appeared posthumously. In 1841 Surtees married Elizabeth Jane Fenwick, daughter of Addison Fenwick of Bishopwearmouth, by whom he had one son and two daughters. His younger daughter Eleanor married John Vereker, afterwards 5th Viscount Gort. Their son was Field Marshal Lord Gort, commander of the BEF in France in 1940. Influences on others The character "Stalky" (based on Lionel Dunsterville) from Rudyard Kipling's Stalky & Co. (1899) has Surtees's Handley Cross by heart and quotes from it repeatedly. The novels of Surtees are mentioned several times in Siegfried Sassoon's 1928 autobiographical novel Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man. Mr. Jorrocks' phrase "my beloved 'earers" often appears in the speech of children in the books of Monica Marsden. Anthony Blanche, as he prepares Charles Ryder for their dinner outing to Thame in Brideshead Revisited, says that they will "imagine ourselves…where? Not on a j-j-jaunt with J-J-Jorrocks anyway. " "There were Jorrocks' Jaunts and Jollities; there were Soapey Sponge and Mrs. Asquith's Memoirs and Big Game Shooting in Nigeria, all spread open." From Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf. Legacy Surtees was not among the most popular novelists in the nineteenth century. His work lacked the self-conscious idealism, sentimentality and moralism of the Victorian era; the historian Norman Gash asserted that "His leading male characters were coarse or shady; his leading ladies dashing and far from virtuous; his outlook on society satiric to the point of cynicism." Thomas Seccombe, writing in 1898 for the Dictionary of National Biography, said that it was the illustrations of Leech that gave Surtees' work any notability:The coarseness of the text was redeemed in 1854 by the brilliantly humorous illustrations of John Leech, who utilised a sketch of a coachman made in church as his model for the ex-grocer. Some of Leech's best work is to be found among his illustrations to Surtees's later novels, notably Ask Mamma and Mr. Romford's Hounds. Without the original illustrations these works have very small interest. However, for the very reasons that the Victorians deprecated him, Surtees' work has continued to be read long after some of his more popular contemporaries have been forgotten. Gash notes that George Whyte-Melville's hunting novels were far better selling in their day than Surtees's but are now no longer read and appear sanitised in comparison. Gash concludes by writing that: Surtees's range was limited, his style often clumsy and colloquial. Even in the better-constructed novels the plots are loose and discursive. Nevertheless, his sharp, authentic descriptions of the hunting field have retained their popularity among fox-hunters.... Among a wider public his mordant observations on men, women, and manners; his entertaining array of eccentrics, rakes, and rogues; his skill in the construction of lively dialogue (a matter over which he took great pains); his happy genius for unforgettable and quotable phrases; and above all, his supreme comic masterpiece, Jorrocks, have won him successive generations of devoted followers. Although his proper place among Victorian novelists is not easy to determine, his power as a creative artist was recognized, among professional writers, by Thackeray, Kipling, Arnold Bennett, and Siegfried Sassoon, and earned the tributes of laymen as distinguished and diverse as William Morris, Lord Rosebery, and Theodore Roosevelt. There is a statue of Jorrocks by John Mills outside 96 George Street, Croydon, London. A musical based on his works entitled Jorrocks with music and lyrics by David Heneker received a West End run in 1966. R. S. Surtees Society The R. S. Surtees Society was founded in 1979 and holds an annual dinner in London. Its stated objectives are: To promote the works of R. S. Surtees, to maintain his reputation as an author and to stimulate interest in his literary merits. To republish the works of R. S. Surtees as and when the Executive Committee considers necessary and is satisfied that demand exists; and to publish or republish any biographical or appreciative material about R.S. Surtees. To arrange such meetings and events as in the opinion of the Committee will achieve the above object; and If, in the opinion of the Committee, it is considered advisable to raise funds to achieve the above objects, to publish or republish works by other authors, or prints by artists, or other items of a literary artistic association. Major works Fiction Jorrocks' Jaunts and Jollities (1838) Handley Cross (1843) Hillingdon Hall (1845) Hawbuck Grange (1847) Mr Sponge's Sporting Tour (1853) Ask Mamma (1858) Plain or Ringlets ? (1858–1860, in twelve parts) Mr Facey Romford's Hounds (1865) Young Tom Hall (unfinished) Non-fiction The Horseman's Manual (1831) Analysis of the Hunting Field (1846) Hints to Railway Travellers (1852) Bound editions comprising collections of short stories, essays and papers Town and Country Papers (incorporating "Hints to Railway Travellers") Hunting Tours of Surtees Mr Jorrocks Thoughts on Hunting and Other Matters Notes Attribution Further reading Nimrod [C. J. Apperley], My life and times, ed. E. D. Cuming (1927). L. Cooper, R. S. Surtees (1952). W.P. Frith, John Leech, His Life and Work (2 vols, 1891). N. Gash, Robert Surtees and early Victorian society (1993). A. Noakes, Horses, hounds, and humans: R. S. Surtees (1957). R. S. Surtees and E. D. Cuming, Robert Smith Surtees (creator of "Jorrocks") 1803–1864. By himself and E. D. Cuming (1924) . R. S. Surtees, Town and country papers, ed. E. D. Cuming (1929). Anthony Steel, Jorrocks's England: On the Works of Robert Smith Surtees (London: Methuen & Co., 1932). F. Watson, Robert Smith Surtees, new edn (1991). J. Welcome, The sporting world of R. S. Surtees (1982). External links R. S. Surtees Society 1805 births 1864 deaths 19th-century British novelists British male journalists Fox hunters Fox hunting writers High Sheriffs of Durham People from Ovingham People educated at Durham School British male novelists 19th-century British male writers

807932

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Griffin%20Stadium

James Griffin Stadium

James Griffin Stadium is a 4,367-capacity stadium in Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA. History Although it is located on the grounds of Saint Paul Central High School, It also is a venue for two high schools in the Saint Paul public school district who do not have a football stadium of their own; Como Park and Johnson. It was also home the Concordia University football and women's soccer teams until 2008 as well as the Hamline University football team for one season while their stadium was rebuilt. The stadium was home to the Minnesota Thunder from 2004 through May 12, 2008. The stadium, colloquially referred to as "The Jimmy" by Thunder supporters and "The Griff" by Concordia fans, was originally named Central Stadium. It was renamed in 1988 for James S. Griffin, the first black police captain in Saint Paul, as well as an athlete and athletic official. After 14 years at the National Sports Center in Blaine the Minnesota Thunder moved to James Griffin Stadium. The Thunder cited the increased accessibility, compared to a suburb away, and the want to expand its fan base. In May 2008 the Thunder moved back to the National Sports Center. Evolution James Griffin Stadium has seen a significant number of changes in this decade. The first of these changes were the installation of powerful halogen lights in place of old light poles that were placed in front of the bleachers. The old lights were known to block some viewing angles from fans as well as television crews. In 2003, the grass surface was removed from the field and replaced by artificial turf, manufactured and installed by Sprinturf. This was a welcome move by many Central and Concordia athletes, as the grass surface was torn up by the high amount of football and soccer games in the fall. Funding was made possible through donations from Concordia University, the Minnesota Vikings, and the NFL Youth Football Fund. During the winter of 2006-2007, the track was replaced and expanded. The track had been previously damaged when the artificial turf was installed in 2003. The track expanded from 6 lanes to 8 lanes and now can accommodate Minnesota State High School League sanctioned events in track and field. The renovations moved the handicap accessible ramps from ground level into the stands themselves. During this time, the Minnesota Thunder team again relocated back to their original headquarters in Blaine. Concordia University also began construction on a brand new stadium of their own on the other side of their campus. With the departure of both Concordia and the Minnesota Thunder, Griffin Stadium was again officially designated as Central High School's home field by the St. Paul School District. However, other high schools within the district (including Como Park and Johnson) continue to use it for varsity athletics in lieu of their own fields which have not yet been evaluated by the Minnesota State High School League (MSHSL). The scoreboard was the last element to receive an upgrade in the stadium. Before the start of fall sports in 2009, the eggcrate-style scoreboard was replaced with an LED version to enhance visibility during daytime games. In addition to sporting events, James Griffin Stadium has been the host site for the Rondo Days drill team competition numerous times. References Sports venues in Saint Paul, Minnesota College football venues High school football venues in the United States Concordia University (Saint Paul, Minnesota) National Premier Soccer League stadiums

822352

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Allen%20%28Alabama%20politician%29

James Allen (Alabama politician)

James Browning Allen (December 28, 1912June 1, 1978) was a Democratic U.S. senator from Gadsden, Alabama. Allen previously served as the Lieutenant Governor of Alabama and also served in the Alabama Senate and the Alabama House of Representatives. Allen was succeeded in the US Senate by his wife, Maryon Pittman Allen. Life and career The Gadsden native attended the University of Alabama and the University of Alabama School of Law, both located in Tuscaloosa. At the University of Alabama he was a member of Alpha Sigma Phi. He practiced law in Gadsden from 1935 to 1968 and was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from 1938 to 1942. He resigned from the state legislature to enter active duty in the United States Naval Reserve from 1943 to 1946. He again ran for office after World War II and was a member of the Alabama Senate from 1946 to 1950. He was the 17th and 20th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama from 1951 to 1955 and again from 1963 to 1967. In 1968, James Allen was elected to succeed the retiring Democratic U.S. Senator J. Lister Hill of Montgomery. Allen won 638,774 (76 percent) to 201,227 (24 percent) for his Republican opponent, Perry O. Hooper, Sr. Allen was known as one of the most conservative Democrats in the chamber. He was considerably more conservative even than many Republicans of the time. He was an active opponent of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1978. James Allen received one vote for the Republican vice-presidential nomination at the 1976 Republican National Convention. In March 1974, Allen stated that Governor George Wallace would run in the 1976 Democratic primary and that he believed the Wallace campaign would seek to prevent a repeat of the previous election cycle where the popular vote was not translated into his support from delegates. Like his Republican Senate colleague, Jesse Helms of North Carolina, Allen was a master of parliamentary procedure. He was considered to have revived the filibuster rule during his nearly nine years as a senator. Following the 1974 midterm elections, Allen pledged to use filibusters against liberal officeholders in favor of large spending in the upcoming 94th United States Congress, reasoning that some of the newly elected Democrats could favor larger spending than the members they had replaced: "I don't feel the voters have given any mandate toward increased expenditures. The people's wishes as indicated by the vote are for us to curtail unnecessary programs and cut Federal spending." It was thought at this time that James Allen "could emerge as a leader of the Senate's conservative bloc with the retirement of Senator Sam J. Ervin, Democrat of North Carolina, and the aging of other conservatives". In December 1974, James Allen led a group of senators in an anti-busing filibuster against the removal of an amendment previously passed in the House of Representatives designed to curb Government enforcement of desegregation orders. The filibuster ended with a two–thirds majority voting 56 to 27 to end debate on language revising the amendment, marking only the 19th time a filibuster was ended in such a manner in Senate history. James Allen stated that the closure move would result in a legislative delay, Hugh Scott replying, "The supplemental is being delayed by the opposition of the Senator from Alabama to the Scott-Mansfield amendment." James Allen served in the Senate until his death of a heart attack on June 1, 1978, at the resort community of Gulf Shores, Alabama. He is interred at Forrest Cemetery in Gadsden. Governor George C. Wallace, under whom James Allen served previously as lieutenant governor, appointed Allen's widow, Maryon Pittman Allen, to succeed him in the Senate. However, Mrs. Allen lost the special Democratic primary to fill the remaining two years of her husband's term to Donald W. Stewart of Anniston. Stewart then defeated James D. Martin of Gadsden, who became the Republican nominee after a primary had already been held between George W. Nichols and Elvin McCary, also of Anniston, and a longtime friend of Senator James Allen's. For the change in nominees to occur, Nichols, who defeated McCary in the special Republican primary, had to agree to step down from the race. See also List of United States Congress members who died in office (1950–99) References External links 1912 births 1978 deaths Alabama Democrats Alabama lawyers American members of the Churches of Christ Democratic Party United States senators from Alabama Lieutenant Governors of Alabama United States senators from Alabama Alabama state senators Members of the Alabama House of Representatives University of Alabama alumni University of Alabama School of Law alumni United States Navy sailors United States Navy personnel of World War II Politicians from Gadsden, Alabama People from Gulf Shores, Alabama 20th-century American lawyers 20th-century American politicians

826757

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Garcia%20%28Gibraltarian%20politician%29

Joseph Garcia (Gibraltarian politician)

Joseph John Andrew Garcia is a Gibraltarian historian and politician, and the current leader of the Liberal Party of Gibraltar (LPG) and Deputy Chief Minister of the Government of Gibraltar. The LPG controls three of the 17 seats in the Gibraltar Parliament after the 2011 general election and is in government with its political allies, the Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party (GSLP). Education Garcia graduated from the University of Hull in England with a first class honours degree in history and obtained a doctorate on "The Political and Constitutional Development of Gibraltar". Political career Garcia has been leader of the LPG since 1992 and was first elected to the then Gibraltar House of Assembly on a by-election. He served as Shadow Minister for Tourism and Commercial Affairs from 1999 to 2000. He was re-elected at the 2000 election and served as Shadow Minister for Trade, Industry, Tourism and Financial Services until 2003. In 2011 Garcia was appointed Vice President of Liberal International. Garcia's party then formed a coalition to contest the 2003 election with the GSLP, which won five seats, re-electing Garcia to serve as Shadow Minister for Trade, Industry, Tourism and Heritage until 2007 when he was again re-elected at the 2007 election serving in the same Shadow Ministry. After 12 years in opposition, Garcia was elected into Government following the election of 8 December 2011. The newly elected GSLP Chief Minister of Gibraltar, Fabian Picardo, appointed Garcia Deputy Chief Minister with responsibility for planning and lands, political, democratic and civic reform, and civil aviation. During the general election campaign in 1996 Garcia ripped up the GSLP manifesto during a leaders debate programme on GBC. His party now forms the Government with the GSLP. Garcia supports Panorama which is a daily newspaper in Gibraltar. His father Joe is the founder and editor of the paper. Garcia was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2021 Birthday Honours for services to politics and public service in Gibraltar. References See also List of Gibraltarians Politics of Gibraltar Living people Year of birth missing (living people) Liberal Party of Gibraltar politicians Government ministers of Gibraltar Gibraltarian historians Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George

837385

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismael%20Montes

Ismael Montes

Ismael Montes Gamboa (5 October 1861 – 16 October 1933) was a Bolivian general and political figure who served as the 26th President of Bolivia twice nonconsecutively from 1904 to 1909 and from 1913 to 1917. Early life Born into an affluent land-owning family from the rural department of La Paz in 1861, Montes fought valiantly in the War of the Pacific against Chile and then studied law. Rejoining the active service for the 1899 Civil War, he commanded a number of Liberal/Federalist forces and was appointed Minister of War in the administration of José Manuel Pando. Possessed of an adventurous temperament, he also saw action in the 1903 Acre War against Brazil. Earlier, he had become Pando's hand-picked successor. After he won the 1904 Presidential election, his first term in office was successful. Under the leadership of the Liberal party, the government made large-scale investments in infrastructure projects vital for Bolivia's growing economy, such as in roads and railways which integrated the urban centers of this mountainous country. More controversially, it fell to Montes to sign the peace treaty with Chile, which had been pending since the War of the Pacific almost 25 years earlier. As a result, Bolivia officially recognized the loss of its entire maritime cost in exchange for a few meaningless concessions and a sum of money. The deal he cut with Chile was unfavorable, but Bolivia had decisively lost the war. Chile was firmly in control of the previously Bolivian territories. Montes felt that his country had little choice on the matter. Extension of presidency In 1908, the government endorsed (Liberal Party) candidate Fernando Guachalla won the Presidential elections, but died of natural causes before the scheduled swearing-in ceremony. This provided Montes with the excuse to invalidate the elections since he did not fully trust Guachalla's Vice-Presidential running mate, Eufronio Viscarra. With the motto "once the tree dies, so do its branches" the President prevailed upon Congress to extend his term by one year pending the calling of fresh elections. This earned him a number of enemies and began to undermine his popularity, but did not prevent the election of a trusted Montes man, Eliodoro Villazón, who took possession in August, 1909. Villazón's term (1909-1913) had been peaceful and relatively prosperous, at least from the narrow perspective of the mostly-white and creole elites that participated in the running of the country. This prompted Montes to run for re-election in the 1913 presidential contest, a taboo in the largely personalistic world of Bolivian politics. The result was the defection of many Liberals who, 2 years later, would join the Republican Party of former President José Manuel Pando and José Maria Escalier. But Montes was elected in 1913, and his second term was as troubled as his first had been successful. An increasingly assertive opposition (Republicans and Conservatives) agitated for a coup against Montes, and dispossessed peasants and workers demanded more rights. Meanwhile, the economy had deteriorated considerably as a result of the global recession precipitated by the First World War. A curfew had to be invoked on at least one occasion, and various opposition leaders were jailed and exiled. Final years Montes was able to finish his second term and in 1917 transferred power to his hand-picked successor, the blue-blooded José Gutiérrez Guerra. Montes remained an influential political figure even after the 1920 revolt that brought to power the Republican Party. He even insisted on being assigned a (largely symbolic) military role at the onset of the Chaco War against Paraguay (1932–35), when he was already in his 70s. He died soon thereafter, in October 1933, aged 72. References 1861 births 1933 deaths 20th-century Bolivian lawyers 20th-century Bolivian politicians Ambassadors of Bolivia to France Bolivian expatriates in France Bolivian lawyers Bolivian military personnel of the War of the Pacific Candidates in the 1904 Bolivian presidential election Candidates in the 1913 Bolivian presidential election Defense ministers of Bolivia Government ministers of Bolivia Higher University of San Andrés alumni Liberal Party (Bolivia) politicians People from La Paz People of the Chaco War Presidents of Bolivia

838385

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Brown%20%28disambiguation%29

James Brown (disambiguation)

James Brown (1933–2006) was an American recording artist and musician. James, Jim, or Jimmy Brown may also refer to: Authors, editors, and publishers J. B. Selkirk (1832–1904), Scottish poet and essayist, born James Brown James Brown (author) (born 1957), American novelist and memoirist James Brown (editor) (born 1965), English editor and media entrepreneur James Brown (publisher) (1800–1855), American publisher and co-founder of Little, Brown and Company James Cooke Brown (1921–2000), American sociologist and science fiction author Clergymen James Brown (moderator) (1724–1786), moderator of the Church of Scotland in 1777 James Brown (academic) (1709–1784), English clergyman and academic James Brown (Archdeacon of Perth) (1820–1895), Canadian Anglican priest James Brown (bishop of Louisiana) (born 1932), American Episcopal bishop James Brown (bishop of Shrewsbury) (1812–1881), English Roman Catholic bishop James Brown (Dean of Edmonton) (), Canadian Anglican priest James Brown (Scottish clergyman) (1734–1791), clergyman in the Scottish Episcopal Church James Baldwin Brown (1820–1884), British Congregational minister James Mellor Brown, British cleric and scriptural geologist Film, radio, and television personnel J. Anthony Brown, American comedian and actor James Brown (actor) (1920–1992), American actor James Harmon Brown, American television writer with Barbara Esensten Jim Brown (born 1936), American former football player and actor Jim Brown (director) (born 1950), American film director Jim Brown (radio host), host of the Calgary Eyeopener James Hall (actor) (James E. Brown, 1900–1940), American actor James S. Brown Jr. (1892–1949), American cinematographer Military personnel James Brown (sailor) (1826–1905), American sailor who fought in the American Civil War James E. Brown III (born 1954), United States Air Force officer and test pilot James R. Brown (1930–2015), general in the United States Air Force James Sutherland Brown (1881–1951), Canadian general and war planner Musicians Djämes Braun, Danish singer James Brown (Elvis impersonator) (born 1968), Belfast-born Elvis impersonator James Brown (guitarist) (born 1984), English guitarist in Pulled Apart by Horses James Clifford Brown (1923–2004), English composer James Conway Brown (1838–1908), Welsh musician James Francis Brown (born 1969), British composer Jim Ed Brown (1934–2015), American country music singer Jimmy Brown, bassist for the psychobilly band Bodeco Jimmy Brown (musician) (1926–2006), American trumpeter, saxophonist, and singer James Brown, drummer in the reggae band UB40 Politicians Australia James Drysdale Brown (1850–1922), member of the Victorian Legislative Council Jim Brown (New South Wales politician) (1918–1999), member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly Jim Brown (Western Australian politician) (born 1927), member of the WA Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly Canada James Brown (Canadian politician) (1828–1897), Ontario businessman and politician James Brown (New Brunswick politician) (1790–1870), member of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick between 1830 and 1861 James C. Brown (1868–1937), Ontario farmer and political figure James Elisha Brown (1913–1974), member of the Canadian House of Commons from 1953 to 1957 and 1962 to 1971 James Pollock Brown (1841–1913), Canadian politician James Thomas Brown (1871–1957), lawyer, judge and political figure in Saskatchewan Jim Brown (Ontario politician) (born 1943), member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1995 to 1999 New Zealand James Clark Brown (1830–1891), New Zealand MP in 1870 & 1871–1890 United Kingdom and Isle of Man James Brown (MP for Malton) (1814–1877), British Liberal Party politician James Brown (Northern Ireland politician) (1897–?), MP for South Down, Northern Ireland James Brown (Scottish politician) (1862–1939), MP for Ayrshire, Scotland James Clifton Brown (1841–1917), member of Parliament of the United Kingdom for Horsham, 1876–1880 James Gordon Brown (born 1951), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, 2007–2010 Tony Brown (Manx politician) (James Anthony Brown, born 1950), Chief Minister of the Isle of Man United States James Brown (Connecticut politician) (1682–1769), member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from Norwalk James Brown (Louisiana politician) (1766–1835), U.S. Senator from Louisiana, 1813–1817 and 1819–1823 James Brown (South Dakota judge) (c. 1864–1936), Justice of the South Dakota Supreme Court James Harvey Brown (1906–1995), city council member in Los Angeles, California James M. Brown (attorney) (born 1941), Attorney General of Oregon from 1980 to 1981 James S. Brown (1824–1878), mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1861 and member of U.S. House of Representatives, 1863–1865 James Stephens Brown (–1947), mayor of Nashville, Tennessee James W. Brown (1844–1909), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania, 1903–1905 Jim Brown (interpreter) (born 1953), State Department language interpreter Jim N. Brown (1926–1991), Michigan politician Sportspeople American football players and coaches James Brown (American football guard) (born 1988), American professional football player for the Chicago Bears James Brown (offensive tackle) (born 1970), American professional football player from 1993 to 2000 James Brown (quarterback) (born 1975), American college football player for the University of Texas James A. Brown (1900–1965), American football and basketball coach James M. Brown (coach) (1892–1965), American college football, basketball, and baseball coach Jim Brown (born 1936), American former football player and actor Association football James Brown (1890s footballer), Scottish footballer for Manchester United, Dundee Our Boys, and Dundee James Brown (Australian soccer) (born 1990), Australian soccer player James Brown (footballer, born 1862) (1862–1922), England international footballer James Brown (footballer, born 1902) (1902–1965), English football goalkeeper for Darlington James Brown (footballer, born 1907) (1907–?), Scottish footballer James Brown (footballer, born 1919) (1919–2005), Scottish footballer James Brown (footballer, born 1987), English footballer James Brown (footballer, born 1998), English-Maltese footballer Jim Brown (footballer, born 1939) (1939–2015), Scottish footballer (Dumbarton, Darlington) Jim Brown (footballer, born 1950), Scottish footballer (Hearts, Hibernian) Jim Brown (footballer, born 1952), Scottish footballer (Sheffield United) Jim Brown (soccer, born 1908) (1908–1994), Scottish-American soccer player Jim Brown (Cowdenbeath footballer) (died 1955), Scottish footballer Jimmy Brown (footballer, born 1869) (1869–1924), Scottish footballer for Renton, Aston Villa, Leicester Fosse Jimmy Brown (football manager), Scottish football manager (Dumbarton) Jimmy Brown (footballer, born 1924) (1924–2002), Scottish footballer (Bradford City) Jimmy Brown (footballer, born 1925) (1925–2008), Scottish footballer (Hearts, Kilmarnock) Jimmy Brown (footballer, born 1953) (born 1953), Scottish footballer who played for Aston Villa Baseball players Jim Brown (catcher) (1892–1943), American baseball catcher and first baseman Jim Brown (outfielder) (1897–1944), baseball player Jim Brown (pitcher) (1860–1908), baseball pitcher in 1884 and 1886 Jimmy Brown (baseball) (1910–1977), American baseball player James Brown (baseball) (1919–?), American baseball player Other sportspeople James Brown (BMX rider) (born 1989), Canadian BMX rider James Brown (bowls), Scottish lawn bowls player James Brown (cricketer) (1931–2014), Scottish cricketer James Brown (cyclist), Northern Ireland cyclist James Brown (rugby league) (born 1988), English rugby league player James Brown (sportscaster) (born 1951), American sportscaster formerly for Fox and presently for CBS and Showtime James Victor Brown (1935–2020), Australian rugby player Jim Brown (basketball) (1912–1991), American professional basketball player Jim Brown (darts player) (born 1971), Scottish darts player Jim Brown (ice hockey) (born 1960), retired American professional ice hockey defenseman Jim Brown (sprinter) (1909–2000), Canadian sprinter Jim J. Brown (1925–1995), Australian rules footballer for Geelong Jim W. Brown (1926–2014), Australian rules footballer for Fitzroy Jimmy Brown (cricketer) (1864–1916), cricketer Jimmy Brown (tennis) (born 1965), retired American professional tennis player Jimmy White (aka Jimmy Brown, born 1962), snooker player Other people James Brown (artist) (born 1951), American painter active in Paris James Brown (Australian pastoralist) (1819–1890), South Australian philanthropist James Brown (ecologist) (born 1942), American ecologist and academic James Brown (engraver) (1819–1877), New Zealand engraver, caricaturist, and drawing tutor James Brown (hair stylist) (born 1969), Irish hair stylist James Brown (journalist), British correspondent on the TV channel RT James Brown (magician), British magic-performer James A. C. Brown (1911–1964), Scottish psychiatrist James Boyer Brown (1919–2009), Australian gynaecologist James Duff Brown (1862–1914), British librarian James Graham Brown (1881–1969), American businessman and real estate developer James Joseph Brown (1854–1922), American mining businessman James MacLellan Brown ( – 1967), Scottish architect James Robert Brown (born 1949), Canadian philosopher James Smedley Brown, 19th-century American educator of the deaf James William Brown (1897–1958), English physician Jim Brown (computer scientist) (born 1943), American computer scientist with IBM Jim Brown (multihull designer), multihull sailboat designer Jimmy Brown (Irish republican) (1956–1992), activist and paramilitary leader James Failla (1919–1999), also known as Jimmy Brown, member of the Gambino crime family James Stephens Brown (Mormon) (1828–1902), American mormon, participant of the California Gold Rush James Brown (internet personality), Nigerian internet personality James Campbell Brown, chemist and professor James H. Brown (judge) (1818–1900), West Virginia judge James Johnston Mason Brown, Scottish paediatric surgeon Other "James Brown", a song by Cage the Elephant from the 2008 album Cage the Elephant "James Brown" (song), a 1989 song by Big Audio Dynamite "James Brown Is Dead", a 1991 song by L.A. Style Jimmy Brown, a character from the animated miniseries Over the Garden Wall "The Three Bells", a 1959 song also known as "The Jimmy Brown Song", "Little Jimmy Brown", or "Jimmy Brown" See also Jamie Brown (disambiguation) Jim Brown (disambiguation) James Browne (disambiguation)

838442

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Brown%20%28sportscaster%29

James Brown (sportscaster)

James Talmadge Brown (born February 25, 1951) is an American sportscaster known for being the studio host of The James Brown Show and The NFL Today on CBS Sports. He is also a Special Correspondent for CBS News. He is additionally known for serving as the former host of Fox Sports' NFL pregame show Fox NFL Sunday for eleven years. Early life James Brown was born on February 25, 1951 in Washington, D.C. to John and Maryann Brown. He attended high school at DeMatha Catholic High School, and later graduated from Harvard University with a degree in American Government. A standout on the basketball court, he received All-Ivy League honors in his last three seasons at Harvard and captained the team in his senior year. His roommate was future Harvard professor and activist Cornel West. Broadcasting career CBS (1970s–1994) After failing to make a roster spot when he tried out for the NBA's Atlanta Hawks in the mid 1970s, Brown entered the corporate world, working for such companies as Xerox and Eastman Kodak. Brown went into sports broadcasting in 1984 when he was offered a job doing Washington Bullets television broadcasts as well as an analyst job for The NBA on CBS, paired with Frank Glieber. He later moved on to an anchor position at WDVM-TV (later WUSA) in Washington and to some work at CBS Sports. Brown was rehired by CBS Sports in 1987, where he served as play-by-play announcer for the network's NFL and college basketball coverage, as well as reporter for the NBA Finals (calling games with Tom Heinsohn during the 1990 NBA Playoffs) and the 1990 National League Championship Series. He also was host of the afternoon show from the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France and the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway. While at CBS he also was co-host of CBS Sports Saturday/Sunday, a weekend anthology series. Fox, and back to CBS (1994–present) In 1994, Brown accepted the position of host of the NFL on Fox pregame show. He shared the set with former football players Terry Bradshaw and Howie Long and former coach Jimmy Johnson. Cris Collinsworth and Ronnie Lott have also appeared on the program during Brown's time there. From 1994–1998, Brown was the lead studio host for FOX NHL Saturday. He appeared in a similar capacity in the EA Sports video game NHL '97, which used full-motion video. His voice appeared in Madden NFL 2001. On August 23, 1997, Brown filled-in for Chip Caray as the studio host for Fox Saturday Baseball. Following the 2005 NFL season, Brown left Fox in order to rejoin CBS Sports. Brown cited a desire to remain closer to his home in Washington, D.C. Brown was removed from college basketball coverage for CBS after a one-year stint in 2007. However, he still hosts the college basketball pregame, halftime and postgame in the CBS studios in New York City while Greg Gumbel, the main host, is on assignment. Other appearances Brown has also hosted The World's Funniest! (the Fox network's counterpart of America's Funniest Home Videos), Coast to Coast (a syndicated radio show formerly hosted by Bob Costas), and served as a correspondent for Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel. Brown appeared on an episode of Married... with Children in a November 24, 1996 episode titled "A Bundy Thanksgiving". Aside from his Showtime and CBS duties, Brown hosted a weekday radio sports talk show that aired weekdays on Sporting News Radio for several years. Brown left the network in April 2006. He has since, returned to Sporting News Radio with Arnie Spanier. In March 2009, Brown was named the Community Ambassador for AARP. On August 10, 2009, Brown interviewed NFL quarterback Michael Vick for a segment that aired on 60 Minutes. On March 24, 2013, Brown reported on Brian Banks in a segment titled "Blindsided: The Exoneration of Brian Banks" on 60 Minutes. On May 14, 2013, Brown appeared onstage with the co-CEO of SAP, Bill McDermott, for McDermott's keynote speech at SAPPHIRE NOW from Orlando. On February 14, July 28-August 1, 2014, December 22–23, 2014, and November 23, 2018, Brown hosted the CBS Evening News covering for Scott Pelley and later Jeff Glor. Brown has also contributed for CBS This Morning, as well as CBS Sunday Morning. Personal life Brown resides outside of Washington, D.C. in Bethesda, Maryland, his town of birth, with his wife Dorothy and daughter Katrina. He formerly had a second residence in Century City, California, when working on FOX as their NFL program was based in Los Angeles. He was also named one of the 100 most influential student athletes by the NCAA. He has three granddaughters and one grandson, born to his daughter, Katrina and her husband John. Brown is a Christian. On May 3, 2006, Brown became a minority owner of the Washington Nationals Major League Baseball team. Brown was one of a handful of investors in the group led by Washington, D.C. real estate developer Ted Lerner. Career timeline 1984–1985: NBA on CBS – Color Commentator 1984–1986: College Basketball on CBS – Color commentator 1987–1990: NBA on CBS – Sideline reporter 1987–1993: NFL on CBS – Play-by-play 1989–1990: NBA on CBS – Play-by-play 1990–1993, 2007: College Basketball on CBS – Play-by-play 1990: Major League Baseball on CBS – Sideline reporter 1994–2005: Fox NFL Sunday – Host 1994–1998: NHL on Fox – Studio host 2006–present: The NFL Today – Host 2008–present: Inside the NFL – Host 2014–present: CBS Evening News – Substitute anchor 2017–2019: The James Brown Show - host References External links Jaffe, Harry. "James Brown: Making Mama Proud", Washingtonian, December 1, 2008. Issue 44 -- Television Sportscasters (African-American) Fox's Brown Will Leave to Be CBS's N.F.L. Host Brown Leaving Fox's Pregame for CBS James Brown is switching jerseys. Official CBS news release. 1951 births Living people African-American basketball players African-American Christians African-American sports announcers African-American sports journalists American sports journalists American male journalists American television sports announcers American sports radio personalities American television reporters and correspondents Atlanta Hawks draft picks Basketball players from Maryland CBS News people College basketball announcers in the United States DeMatha Catholic High School alumni Harvard Crimson men's basketball players Major League Baseball broadcasters National Basketball Association broadcasters National Football League announcers National Hockey League broadcasters NFL Europe broadcasters Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball) People from Bethesda, Maryland Pete Rozelle Radio-Television Award recipients Basketball players from Washington, D.C. Sports Emmy Award winners Washington Nationals owners American men's basketball players 21st-century African-American people 20th-century African-American sportspeople

839227

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Jones%20%28California%20politician%29

Bill Jones (California politician)

William Leon Jones (born December 20, 1949) is an American politician from California who served in the California State Assembly and later served as California's 25th Secretary of State. He was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for Governor of California in 2002 as well as an unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate from California in 2004 against incumbent Democrat Barbara Boxer. Early life Born in Coalinga, California, Jones earned his bachelor's degree in agribusiness and plant sciences from California State University, Fresno in 1971. Member of the California State Assembly In 1976, Jones began his political career with an unsuccessful run for the 31st District State Assembly seat against then State Senate aide and future Congressman Richard H. Lehman. Lehman defeated Jones by just under ten points and went on to represent the Fresno-based Assembly district for six years before being elected to the U.S. House. Jones spent those six years working as a farmer. After the redistricting of 1982, Jones again sought a seat in the state legislature. This time, Jones soundly defeated Democrat Clyde Gould for California's 32nd Assembly District seat. Jones easily won reelection five times, carrying at least 69% of the vote in each election and twice running unopposed for the seat. Jones served in the Assembly from 1982 to 1994. Proposition 184 One of Jones's most notable contributions while in the Assembly was authoring Proposition 184, California's three-strikes law, which passed with 72%. In 2000, 61% of California voters supported Proposition 36, which scaled the three-strikes law back by supporting drug treatment instead of life in prison for many convicted of possessing drugs. During the November 2004 elections, Proposition 66, which would have further limited California's three-strikes law, was voted down at the polls by 53% of the voters. Assembly leadership For years, Jones was an intra-party adversary of Assembly Republican Leader Ross Johnson, and nearly ousted him from the party leadership. After authoring Proposition 184, Jones was elected the Assembly Republican Leader in 1991. In that capacity, Jones worked with the newly elected Republican Governor Pete Wilson, supporting Wilson's plans to limit gerrymandering and raise taxes to cut the budget deficit. Due to more competitive districts, Republicans expected large gains in the 1992 election. However, the coattails of Democratic Presidential nominee Bill Clinton and the general strength of the Democratic Party in California led to disappointing results for Republican candidates. After the Republicans' weak showing in the November 1992 elections, Jones stepped down as Republican Leader, despite having easily won re-election in his own district. California Secretary of State Jones left the State Assembly after being elected Secretary of State, serving two terms in that office from 1995 to 2003. As the state's chief elections officer, Jones stated his goal was "100 percent participation but zero tolerance for voter fraud". Use of the Internet was another priority of Jones's during his tenure as Secretary of State. In 2000, his office drafted a report stating that "California citizens should be online- not in line." His plan called for putting 90% of government services online by the expiration of his term while also "taking important steps toward closing the Digital Divide to ensure no Californians are left behind." Through use of technology, the Secretary of State's office registered or reregistered over 9 million voters, while purging 3 million ineligible voters from the rolls. Jones was the first California Secretary of State to place campaign finance information on the Internet. In addition to providing instant Internet access to campaign finance reports, Jones launched the nation's first Internet site that carried live election returns on Election Day. Following the 2000 presidential election, Jones developed a 10-point election reform plan to modernize voting systems used in California. The plan was soon adopted as a national model for other states to use. However, it was controversial for allowing for wide and open adoption of Internet and electronic vote technology with many private vendors competing and few or no technical safeguards in common. Role in suppressing vote pairing in October 2000 During his tenure as California's Secretary of State, Jones may have played a role in the outcome of the 2000 presidential election, when he charged that vote pairing Internet web sites were illegal. Many of these web sites were hosted in California, and were shut down by October 31 after Jones threatened their creators with criminal prosecution. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) got involved to protect the web sites, seeking a restraining order, followed by a permanent injunction, against Jones, alleging that he had violated the constitutional rights of the web site creators. The issue could be resolved only after the 2000 election had already occurred. Later, the federal Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the legality of vote pairing. Run for California Governor In 2002, Jones ran in the Republican gubernatorial primary, finishing third, with 16%, behind former Mayor of Los Angeles Richard Riordan and businessman William Simon, Jr., who went on to be defeated by incumbent Gray Davis in the general election. Jones' campaign largely addressed issues of budget deficits, electrical shortages, and perceived corruption in the Davis administration. Building on his success promoting technology as Secretary of State, Jones's platform contained an eGovernment plank. However, much of his campaign concentrated on his past experience and support from state Republican luminaries like former Governor George Deukmejian, as opposed to specific plans for addressing the state's budget and energy crises. E-mail spamming controversy During his unsuccessful primary campaign, Jones' campaign manager drew criticism for spamming (sending bulk emails to) potential voters and others around the world. After the spamming incidents, Jones spokesman Darrel Ng denied spamming was wrong and strongly defended the use of mass email for campaigns as an "innovative way to use the Internet." The hosting provider of the Jones campaign web site terminated its services for the last few days of the campaign. Run for U.S. Senate Following his unsuccessful run for governor in 2002, Jones tried a run for the U.S. Senate. Although he won the 2004 Republican primary over former U.S. Treasurer Rosario Marin, Jones lost the general election to Senator Barbara Boxer, with 38% of the vote. His campaign was so ill-funded that he did not run a single television commercial to promote his candidacy. Career after public office As Secretary of State, Jones had been responsible for regulating the voting-related services of private companies. After leaving office, he became a paid consultant to one of those companies, Sequoia Voting Systems. Election results References External links 2004 League of Women Voters Biography 1998 League of Women Voters Biography https://web.archive.org/web/20051027161513/http://nvri.org/library/cases/Porter_v_Jones/9th%20Cir%20opinion.pdf February 6, 2003 federal Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals decision against Bill Jones, on how he threatened criminal charges against the creators of vote pairing web sites in the 2000 Presidential election 1949 births Living people Secretaries of State of California Members of the California State Assembly California State University, Fresno alumni People from Coalinga, California California Republicans

839962

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dylan%20Thomas%20Centre

Dylan Thomas Centre

The Dylan Thomas Centre is an arts centre located in the Maritime Quarter in Swansea, Wales. It is a Grade II* listed building. History The building was commissioned to replace a previous guildhall which had been located near Swansea Castle and dated back to the late 16th century. The new building, which was designed by John Collingwood in the neo-classical style and built by Thomas Bowen, was completed in 1829. It was remodelled to the plans of Thomas Taylor in 1852 using a design which was modelled on the Temple of Jupiter Stator in Rome. The external design involved nine bays on each side with round-arched windows on the ground floor and tall round-arched windows flanked by Corinthian order columns on the first floor. It was converted for use as a juvenile employment centre after the civic leaders moved to the new Swansea Guildhall in 1934. During the Second World War it was requisitioned by the army for use as a recruiting centre. After reverting to use as a juvenile employment centre, it became a College of Further Education in 1960 and then became an annexe to Dynevor School in 1970 before closing in 1982. The building was officially re-opened by the American former President Jimmy Carter and the last Leader of the Swansea City Council, Trevor Burtonshaw, as the Dylan Thomas Centre in 1995. In 2012 a large part of the Centre was leased by Swansea's council to the University of Wales with the purpose of using it as a business centre for creative industries. In October 2014, the Centre launched the permanent "Love the Words" exhibition which explores Dylan's life and work through a variety of media and including letters, books, worksheets and photographs. It was made possible with support of nearly £1 million from the Heritage Lottery Fund. The Dylan Thomas Centre is home to a year-round programme of literary events, including book launches, plays, poetry evenings, changing exhibitions and science talks. It also hosts the annual Dylan Thomas Festival held between Dylan’s birth and death dates, 27 October to 9 November. References External links Arts centres in Wales Museums in Swansea Grade II* listed buildings in Swansea Cultural infrastructure completed in 1829 Biographical museums in Wales Literary museums in Wales 1995 establishments in Wales Museums established in 1995 Dylan Thomas City and town halls in Wales Government buildings completed in 1829

840129

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justin%20Morgan

Justin Morgan

Justin Morgan (February 28, 1747 – March 22, 1798) was a U.S. horse breeder and composer. He was born in West Springfield, Massachusetts, and by 1788 had settled in Vermont. In addition to being a horse breeder and farmer, he was a teacher of singing; in that capacity he traveled considerably throughout the northeastern states. He died in Randolph, Vermont, where he also served as town clerk. Justin Morgan was the owner of a stallion named Figure, who became the sire of the Morgan horse breed. Morgan received Figure along with two other horses as payment of a debt. As Figure grew older, people began to recognise his skill in a variety of areas. Figure became a prolific breeding stallion; his descendants, still noted for their versatility and friendly personality, became the first American breed of horse to survive to the present. Figure's grave is marked by a stone in Tunbridge, Vermont. Justin Morgan's original 1798 gravestone is preserved in the Randolph Historical Society Museum. His burial site in the Randolph Center Cemetery is marked by a more recent stone. Music Morgan was a composer, best known for his hymns and fuguing tunes. While not so famous as those by William Billings, his works share the same characteristic roughness, directness, and folk-like simplicity. Publications containing his work include The Federal Harmony (New Haven, 1790), and The Philadelphia Harmony, 4th ed. (Philadelphia, 1791). The former collection includes what perhaps is his most famous composition entitled, "Amanda," a setting of Isaac Watts's poem based on Psalm 90. This hymn was the basis for a classical work written by American composer Thomas Canning in 1946, "Fantasy on a Hymn Tune by Justin Morgan." The tune "Despair," in the 1791 collection, cites the death of "Amanda" (referring to his wife, Martha Day, who died on March 20 that year, ten days after giving birth to their youngest daughter, Polly) in a paraphrase of Alexander Pope's Ode on Solitude. Morgan's setting of Psalm 63, entitled Montgomery, was a popular fuguing tune, included among the 100 hymn-tunes most frequently printed during the eighteenth century. Four of his tunes, including Montgomery, are in the 1991 edition of The Sacred Harp; three more songs, including "Amanda" and "Despair," both grieving over the death of his wife, are in the Shenandoah Harmony. Its voice-leading, as is common in works by early American composers, contains numerous unabashed parallel fifths, giving the music a folk-like quality. Another work of his, the Judgment Anthem, is tonally adventurous, moving back and forth between E minor and E♭ major; it was the first anthem published in shape notes, appearing in Little and Smith's The Easy Instructor (1801), and many tunebooks thereafter. In literature Morgan and his horse-breeding venture is the subject of a children's book by Marguerite Henry, Justin Morgan Had a Horse, that won the Newbery Honor in 1946. In 1972, the book was adapted as a film by Disney Studios. References and further reading Nym Cooke: "Justin Morgan", Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed December 3, 2005), (subscription access) W. Thomas Marrocco and Harold Gleason, eds. Music in America. New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1964. Betty Bandel: "Sing the Lord's Song in a Strange Land, The Life of Justin Morgan". With musical appendix by James G. Chapman. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1981 1747 births 1798 deaths American male composers American composers Shape note People from Randolph, Vermont People from West Springfield, Massachusetts Musicians from Vermont Musicians from Massachusetts 18th-century American composers 18th-century male musicians

840133

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian%20Williamson

Brian Williamson

Brian Williamson (4 September 1945 – 9 June 2004) was a Jamaican gay rights activist who co-founded the Jamaica Forum for Lesbians, All-Sexuals and Gays (J-FLAG). He was known for being one of the earliest openly gay men in Jamaican society and for being one of its best known gay rights activists. Born to an upper-middle-class family in Saint Ann Parish, Williamson initially considered a life in the Roman Catholic clergy before deciding to devote himself to the cause of gay rights in Jamaica. In the 1990s, he purchased an apartment building in the New Kingston area of Kingston, in which he established a gay nightclub, which remained open for two years despite opposition from police. In 1998, he co-founded J-FLAG with other lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights activists, soon becoming the public face of the organisation. As J-FLAG's representative, he argued in favour of LGBT rights during appearances on Jamaican television and radio programs. This attracted great hostility within Jamaica – a country with particularly high rates of anti-gay prejudice – with J-FLAG members receiving death threats and Williamson surviving a knife attack. For a time he left Jamaica, living in Canada and England for several years, before returning to Kingston in 2002. In June 2004, Williamson was murdered in his apartment by an acquaintance, Dwight Hayden, whom he had been aiding with financial handouts. Police believed that Hayden's motive was robbery, although J-FLAG also suggested that homophobia may have played a part in the killing. Hayden was subsequently sentenced to life in prison. Upon learning of the murder, a crowd assembled in New Kingston to celebrate Williamson's death, chanting homophobic slogans and lyrics. Conversely, the Jamaican LGBT community held a secret memorial for him, while protests against the killing were held by LGBT rights groups in the United Kingdom. Biography Williamson was born to an upper-middle-class family in the rural Saint Ann Parish. He initially considered joining the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church, studying for this position in Montego Bay, but eventually decided against this. In 1979, he began to devote himself to the cause of gay rights in Jamaica, becoming the first individual to do so in such a public manner. Jamaica had a reputation for its widespread anti-gay prejudice, an attitude that pervaded public discourse at all levels of society, with a number of popular Jamaican musicians inciting violence against gay men in their lyrics. Initially, Williamson offered his apartment in Kingston as a space in which gay Jamaicans could meet roughly every fortnight. In the early 1990s he purchased a large property on New Kingston's gentrified Haughton Street, converting part of this building into a gay nightclub that he called Entourage. Many of those who attended the club worked in the city's foreign embassies. Although the police tried to close it down, the club remained open for two years until Williamson was attacked by a patron carrying a knife, which was used to slash Williamson's arm. Although same-sex sexual relations between men were illegal in Jamaica, Williamson was openly gay. Williamson and other members of Jamaica's lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community decided to form an organisation to campaign for their rights, resulting in the establishment of the Jamaica Forum for Lesbians, All Sexuals, and Gays (J-FLAG) in December 1998. J-FLAG sought to enhance LGBT rights through advocacy and encouraging legal reform, as well as through educational and social service programs. They also kept a record of anti-LGBT hate crimes including assaults, home invasions, and the corrective rape of lesbians, further recording the murder of 30 gay men between 1997 and 2004. From the time of the group's foundation, its members were subjected to repeated death threats. Williamson became the public face of the group, appearing on radio talk shows and television shows such as Perspective and Nationwide in which he argued against homophobia and called for greater government investment to tackle the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Unlike most other LGBT rights activists in Jamaica, Williamson did not seek to protect himself by using a pseudonym, disguising his voice, or hiding his appearance. Facing hostility and threats of violence, Williamson left Jamaica and moved to Canada and then England, before returning to the island in 2002. There, he moved into an apartment in his Haughton Street compound and decided to take a renewed role within Jamaica's LGBT rights movement. He lived in one room of his apartment block and rented out a number of others. Murder Financially affluent, Williamson would often offer money or odd jobs to his acquaintances in the LGBT community. Among those whom Williamson befriended was Dwight Hayden, a closeted gay man in his mid-20s who had been a user of crack cocaine prior to 2002 and who was known locally as "Dog" and "Swong". They met in New Kingston and Williamson helped Hayden out by purchasing newspapers which he could then sell on the streets. According to one of Williamson's flatmates, Desmond Chambers, "I have seen [Hayden] here about six times (and) anything him want, Brian give him. Brian give him money, Brian give him food and help him to purchase (newspaper) to sell on the road." On 7 June 2004 Hayden arrived at Williamson's flat with another man, with Williamson welcoming them in and offering them bottles of Guinness. Hayden asked for money from Williamson, who agreed he would give it to him later in the evening. At this, Hayden attacked Williamson, stabbing him around seventy times. Williamson's body was discovered by Chambers at approximately 11.15am. Chambers noticed that the air conditioning had been left on, something that Williamson was unlikely to have done, and then realised that Williamson's bedroom door had been left ajar. Investigating further, he opened the door and discovered Williamson's corpse lying face down on the floor, with multiple stab wounds to the neck and surrounded by a pool of blood. Williamson's dog, Tessa, was running about in the room and barking. The scene of the crime was visited by Father Michael Lewis of the Stella Maris Church, who was accompanied by Williamson's sister Gradryn Williams; she was convinced not to look at the body by Williamson's friends. Crowds assembled outside the apartment block, made up of individuals who were laughing and celebrating Williamson's death. Some of the assembled people shouted out statements such as "This is long overdue", "Battyman he get killed", "Let's get them one at a time", "That's what you get for sin", and "Batty man fi dead!" ("Faggots should die!"). Others sang "Boom Bye Bye", a line from a dancehall song by Buju Banton that discusses shooting and burning gay men. Rebecca Schleifer, a Human Rights Watch (HRW) researcher, had a meeting with Williamson planned for that day, and arrived at his home to find the assembled crowd; she noted that "It was like a parade. They were basically partying". Police investigation and conviction Police issued a statement declaring that they were searching for two men whom Chambers had observed at Williamson's apartment prior to his death. Corporal Devon Hugh Williams of the Constabulary Communication Network (CCN) informed press that the police suspected that the motive of the attack had been robbery, as evidence pointing to the fact that Williamson's apartment had been ransacked and a safe removed. However, both friends of Williamson and human rights organisations suggested that – given Williamson's status as an openly gay man – robbery might have been a secondary issue, with homophobia being the main motive behind the crime. J-FLAG expressed its suspicion that the killing was a "hate-related crime", articulating the view that Williamson had been killed because he was a publicly visible gay man. Amnesty International urged police not to dismiss alternative possible motives. Amnesty's Piers Bannister informed press that "We do know that there's a high level of homophobia in Jamaica, so there was a possibility that it was a hate crime. Many hate crime victims are robbed afterward. We're not saying it wasn't a robbery; we just want a full investigation." Schleifer publicly stated that it is "really important to investigate [the crime] thoroughly. Because there are really strong indications that it might have been a homophobic attack". On 11 June, two days after the murder, police arrested their suspect. Hayden provided a confession and subsequently pleaded guilty in court. Hayden's legal representative, Randolph Williams, urged the judge to show leniency because the suspect had shown remorse for his crime from the moment of his arrest. The judge, Justice Basil Reid, sentenced Hayden to life in prison with the possibility of parole after fifteen years. Reaction After his death, the Jamaica Observer described Williamson as "Jamaica's most prominent gay rights activist", while both the BBC and The Independent called him the country's "best-known gay rights activist", and Gary Younge of The Guardian termed him "the public face of gay rights in the country". Tony Hadn, a volunteer for J-FLAG, stated that Williamson was "so courageous. He never stopped to think, 'oh, I might get in trouble for this,' so in that sense he was very selfless." He was succeeded as J-FLAG's leader by Gareth Williams, who informed press that Williamson "was the only out gay person in Jamaica who had the courage to put his face on television, I was very close to him... His murder was really a traumatic loss for our community." One member of J-FLAG stated that "Brian Williamson is our Martin Luther King". Four days later, J-FLAG held a memorial devoted to Williamson, which was attended by almost two hundred people; the memorial involved personal tributes, poetry slams, and lip synching to Whitney Houston songs. On 23 June, the British LGBT rights group OutRage! held a memorial vigil outside the High Commission of Jamaica in London. OutRage! leader Peter Tatchell attended the vigil, there proclaiming that the Jamaican Prime Minister, P. J. Patterson, "shares responsibility for the wave of homophobic violence, culminating in the murder of Brian Williamson" because he had failed to decriminalize same-sex sexual activity and clamp down on homophobic violence in Jamaican society. Also in attendance at the vigil were the Green Party's London Assembly member Darren Johnson, Amnesty International's Carol Buddd, Big Up's Charles Anglin, UKBlackOut's Andrew Prince, and the Lesbian and Gay Immigration Group's Barry O'Leary. The London Gay Men's Chorus attended, singing a rendition of "Let My People Go". In their 2012 study of the relationship between homophobic attitudes in Jamaica and Britain, Keon West and Miles Hewstone described Williamson's murder as the "most prominent" example of an anti-gay murder on the island. See also LGBT rights in Jamaica Lenford Harvey Murder of Dwayne Jones References Citations Academic sources 1945 births 2004 deaths People from Saint Ann Parish Jamaican murder victims LGBT rights activists from Jamaica People murdered in Jamaica Violence against gay men Violence against men in North America Victims of anti-LGBT hate crimes Deaths by stabbing in Jamaica Nightclub owners

840396

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Parker

John Parker

John Parker may refer to: Politicians Canada John Mason Parker (Saskatchewan politician) (1882–1960), politician in Saskatchewan, Canada John Havelock Parker (1929–2020), commissioner of the Canadian Northwest Territories John Parker (Canadian politician) (born 1954), former Ontario MPP and Toronto City Councillor United Kingdom John Parker (died 1617) (1548–1617), MP for Truro, Hastings, Launceston and East Looe John Parker (died 1619) (1548–1619), MP for Queenborough John Parker (MP for Rochester) (fl. 1631–1680), recorder in Kent, MP for Rochester, a judge and a Baron of the Exchequer John Parker (MP for Clitheroe) (1754–1797), MP for Clitheroe John Parker (Whig politician) (1799–1881), British politician of the Victorian era, Privy Counsellor, 1853 John Parker (Labour politician) (1906–1987), British politician, Labour MP for Dagenham, 1945–1983 John Parker, 1st Baron Boringdon (1735–1788), British peer and Member of Parliament John Parker, 1st Earl of Morley (1772–1840), British peer and politician John Parker, 6th Earl of Morley (1923–2015), British peer United States John Parker (activist), American presidential candidate (2004) of the Workers World Party John Parker (Continental Congress) (1759–1832), South Carolina delegate to the Continental Congress, 1786–1788 John Parker (Iowa politician), member of the Michigan Territory's last legislature John Parker (Montana politician) (born 1970), state representative of Montana John Parker (Oswego County, NY) (1810–?), New York assemblyman 1866 and 1870 John M. Parker (1863–1939), Democratic governor of Louisiana, 1920–1924 John M. Parker (New York politician) (1805–1873), congressman from New York John Francis Parker (1907–1992), mayor of the city of Taunton, Massachusetts Sportsmen John Parker (cricketer, born c. 1823) (c. 1823 – 1892), Scottish cricketer John Parker (West Indian cricketer) (1871–1946) John Parker (water polo) (born 1946), American water polo player John Parker (New Zealand cricketer) (born 1951), New Zealand test cricketer John Willie Parker, English former professional footballer John Parker (Australian footballer) (born 1971), former Australian rules footballer John Parker (English cricketer) (1902–1984), English cricketer, played for Hampshire 1926–29 & 1932–33 John Parker (Australian cricketer) (born 1936), Australian cricketer John Parker (rower) (born 1967), American rower John Parker (American football), American football player and coach Jurists John Parker (Irish judge) (c. 1500–1564), English-born merchant, politician and judge John Parker (English judge) (fl. 1655), member of the judiciary during the Interregnum, sat on the High Court of Justice in 1649 that tried Capel, Holland and Hamilton; father of Samuel Parker, Bishop of Oxford John Victor Parker (1928–2014), United States federal judge John J. Parker (1885–1958), American judge who served at the Nuremberg Trials and missed a nomination to the Supreme Court by one vote Arts John Parker (author), British writer John Parker (musician), British musician from the band Nizlopi John Parker (painter), English painter John Parker (potter) (born 1947), New Zealand potter John Adams Parker (1829–1905), New York painter John Henry Parker (writer) (1806–1884), English writer on architecture Jon Kimura Parker (born 1959), Canadian pianist John L. Parker Jr. (born 1947), American writer J. S. Parker (1944–2017), New Zealand painter John William Parker (1792–1870), English publisher and printer Military John Parker (Jacobite) (c. 1651–in or after 1719), English army officer and Jacobite conspirator John Parker (captain) (1729–1775), captain of the Lexington militia at the Battle of Lexington John Boteler Parker (1786–1851), English army general John Frederick Parker (United States Navy) (1853–1911), United States Navy captain and one-time governor of American Samoa, 1908–1910 John Lankester Parker (1896–1965), British test pilot John Henry Parker (general) (1866–1942), (aka "Gatling Gun Parker"), U.S. Army general, officer commanding the Gatling Gun Detachment in Cuba during the Spanish–American War Other John Parker (bishop) (died 1681), Church of Ireland clergyman John Parker (cleric) (1798–1860), cleric, artist and author of The Passengers: containing the Celtic Annals John Parker (priest), English Anglican priest John Parker (pioneer) (1758–1836), founder of Fort Parker in Texas, killed in the Fort Parker massacre John Palmer Parker (rancher) (1790–1868), founder of the Parker Ranch of Hawaii John Parker (abolitionist) (1827–1900), African American abolitionist, inventor, and industrialist John Frederick Parker (1830–1890), bodyguard to Abraham Lincoln, derelict of duty the night of Assassination of Abraham Lincoln John Richard Parker (1834–1915), American kidnapped by Native American raiding party Michael Parker (courtier) (John Michael Avison Parker, 1920–2001), Duke of Edinburgh's private secretary Sir John Parker (businessman) (born 1942), British businessman John Parker, fictional character in Buckaroo Banzai John C. Parker (died 1927), trade unionist John Parker (botanist), British botanist, Cambridge University John Parker (whaling master) (1800–1867), whaler John William Robinson Parker, British soldier and antiquarian See also Johnny Parker (disambiguation) Jack Parker (disambiguation) Jackie Parker (1932–2006), American football player

840731

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Morris%2C%20Baron%20Morris

Michael Morris, Baron Morris

Michael Morris, Baron Morris and 1st Baron Killanin, (14 November 1826 – 8 September 1901), known as Sir Michael Morris, Bt, from 1885 to 1889, was an Irish lawyer and judge. He was Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench for Ireland from 1887 to 1889 and sat in the House of Lords as a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary from 1889 to 1900. Background and education Born in Galway, eldest son of Martin Morris and Julia Blake, Morris was educated at Galway College and Trinity College Dublin, graduating BA in 1847. His father was a justice of the peace, and in 1841 became the first Roman Catholic to be High Sheriff of Galway Town, an office his son also held. The Morrises were a long established merchant family, who were one of the fourteen Tribes of Galway who dominated the town's commercial life. His mother, a doctor's daughter, died of cholera in 1837. Legal and judicial career After being called to the Irish bar in 1849, Morris was appointed High Sheriff of Galway Town for 1849–50. Eight years later he was made Recorder of Galway, and in 1863 became one of the country's Queen's Counsels. He was the recognized leader of the Connacht Bar, impressing clients and juries alike with his wit and commonsense. Elected to Parliament in 1865 as Liberal member for Galway, Morris became a Conservative the following year when he took office in Lord Derby's administration as Solicitor-General for Ireland. Though a Roman Catholic he was a staunch supporter of the Act of Union 1800, but it is said that he was not enthusiastic about the Reform Act 1867. In late 1866 he was appointed Attorney-General for Ireland, and the following year became third Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, eventually being made its Chief Justice in 1876. As a judge he showed the same wit and commonsense which had been his hallmarks at the Bar, and was notably impatient of legal technicalities. In 1885, Morris was created a Baronet, of Spiddal in the County of Galway, and two years later he was appointed Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench for Ireland. In 1889, on being made a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary, he was given a life peerage as Baron Morris, of Spiddal in the County of Galway, and sworn a member of the Privy Council. He was well regarded by his fellow Law Lords, despite his frequent dissenting judgments. Eleven years later, on his retirement from office, Lord Morris was made an hereditary peer as Baron Killanin, of Galway in the County of Galway. Judgements British South Africa Co v Companhia de Moçambique [1893] AC 602 - the House of Lords overturned a Court of Appeal decision and by so doing established the Mozambique rule, a common law rule in private international law that renders actions relating to title in foreign land, the right to possession of foreign land, and trespass to foreign land non-justiciable in common law jurisdictions. Harvey v Facey, 1893 Family Lord Morris died at Spiddal in September 1901, aged 74, and was buried at Galway. He married, in 1860, Anna Hughes, daughter of Henry George Hughes, Baron of the Court of Exchequer and his wife Sarah Isabella l'Estrange. They had four sons and six daughters. The eldest son Martin Morris was an MP and succeeded in the barony of Killanin and baronetcy. Another son was Lt. Col. George Henry Morris, who was the first commanding officer to lead an Irish Guards battalion into battle and was killed in action during the Retreat from Mons in September 1914. George's son Michael went on to serve as the sixth President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) from 1972 to 1980. He succeeded his uncle Martin as Baron Killanin in 1927. References External links 1826 births 1901 deaths People from Galway (city) Morris, 1st Baron Killanin, Michael Alumni of Trinity College Dublin Irish barristers Solicitors-General for Ireland Attorneys-General for Ireland Morris, Michael Morris, Michael Morris, Michael UK MPs who were granted peerages Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom Morris, Michael Law lords Members of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council Members of the Privy Council of Ireland High Sheriffs of Galway Town Lords Chief Justice of Ireland Chief Justices of the Irish Common Pleas Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom Peers of the United Kingdom created by Queen Victoria

840777

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Morrison

Robert Morrison

Robert, Bob, Bobby or Rob Morrison may refer to: Academics Robert Hall Morrison (1798–1889), president of Davidson College Robert J. H. Morrison (born 1961), Canadian academic Rob Morrison (scientist) (born 1942), Australian zoological researcher and science communicator Robert G. Morrison (born 1969), professor of religion Sportspeople Bob Morrison (footballer) (1869–1891), Irish footballer with Linfield Bobby Morrison (American football) (born 1945), American college football player and coach Bobby Morrison (footballer) (1933–1999), Scottish footballer with Falkirk, Rangers, Workington Robert Morrison (soccer) (died 1952), Scottish-American soccer player Robert Morrison (rower) (1902–1980), British rower Robert Morrison (footballer) (1926–2016), New Zealand footballer Politicians Robert F. Morrison (1826–1887), 13th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of California Robert Morrison, 1st Baron Morrison (1881–1953), British Labour Party politician Robert Morrison (politician), Arizona Attorney General 1955–1960 Rob Morrison (politician), Canadian politician Other people Robert Morrison (missionary) (1782–1834), Protestant missionary Robert Morrison (Phi Delta Theta) (1822–1902), one of the founders of Phi Delta Theta Bob Morrison (songwriter) (born 1942), American country songwriter Rob Morrison (journalist), American television journalist and news anchor See also Robbie Morrison, 21st-century British comics writer Robert Morison (1620–1683), Scottish botanist Robert Morrison MacIver (1882–1970), Scottish-born American sociologist

840815

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Parker%20%28Labour%20politician%29

John Parker (Labour politician)

Herbert John Harvey Parker (15 July 1906 – 24 November 1987), normally known as John Parker, was a British Labour politician. He was the longest-serving Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP), retaining his seat in the House of Commons for over 47 years, until being overtaken by Dennis Skinner on 15 December 2017. He was first elected to represent Romford in November 1935. After boundary changes, he continued as MP for Dagenham from 1945, remaining in the House of Commons until he retired in June 1983. As the longest-serving MP, he was the Father of the House of Commons from 1979 to 1983. When he left parliament in 1983, he was the last serving Member of Parliament to have served in the Commons before or during the Second World War. Early and private life Parker was raised in Liverpool. He was educated at Marlborough College and St John's College, Oxford, where he was Chair of the Oxford University Labour Club. He married Zena Mimardiere in 1943; the couple had one son. Political career He contested the seat of Holland with Boston in Lincolnshire in the 1931 general election, but the sitting National Liberal MP James Blindell was reelected. In the 1935 general election, Parker was elected as MP for Romford in Essex, which he represented until 1945. He was elected as MP for Dagenham at the 1945 general election, a new seat carved out of the Romford constituency. (His Labour colleague Thomas Macpherson was elected in Romford in 1945, but lost the seat to the Conservative John Lockwood in 1950). Parker was briefly a junior minister from 1945 to 1946, serving as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in the Dominions Office, with James Callaghan as his Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS). He lost this position as a result of the strong views he held on South Africa. He remained a backbencher afterwards, serving on several Parliamentary committees, including the Procedure Committee from 1966 to 1973. His private member's bill introduced in 1952 to repeal the Sunday Observance Act 1780 was rejected; however, another private member's bill of his became the Legitimacy Act 1959, dealing with the legitimacy of children from void marriages and that of children whose parents married after the birth. He also shepherded a ten minute rule bill into law, the British Nationality (No 2) Act 1964, which implemented into British law the United Nations Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. He remained MP for Dagenham until he retired at the 1983 general election. He was the last serving MP to have been elected before the Second World War, and he was the Father of the House of Commons from 1979 to 1983; he was succeeded in this position by his former PPS, Callaghan. Parker was associated with the Fabian Society throughout his political career. He became General Secretary of the New Fabian Research Bureau in 1933, and was General Secretary of the Fabian Society from 1939 to 1945. He was subsequently its Vice-Chairman and Chairman. He became President of the Fabian Society in 1980. He wrote several books, including 42 Days in the Soviet Union (1946) and Labour Marches On (1947), and his memoirs, Father of the House (1982). His archive of papers, spanning nearly 40 years of public office from 1943 to 1982, are held by the London School of Economics as part of the British Library of Political and Economic Science. References External links Catalogue of the Parker papers held at LSE Archives The Parliamentary Archives holds correspondence sent from John Parker to Philip Fanner 1906 births 1987 deaths Chairs of the Fabian Society General Secretaries of the Fabian Society Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies People educated at Marlborough College UK MPs 1935–1945 UK MPs 1945–1950 UK MPs 1950–1951 UK MPs 1951–1955 UK MPs 1955–1959 UK MPs 1959–1964 UK MPs 1964–1966 UK MPs 1966–1970 UK MPs 1970–1974 UK MPs 1974 UK MPs 1974–1979 UK MPs 1979–1983 Presidents of the Fabian Society Foreign Office personnel of World War II Ministers in the Attlee governments, 1945–1951

843674

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Williams%20Walker

John Williams Walker

John Williams Walker (August 12, 1783April 23, 1823) was an American politician, who served as the Democratic-Republican United States senator from the state of Alabama, the first senator elected by that state. Life and career Walker was born August 12, 1783 in Amelia County, Virginia, of Scots-Irish heritage, the son of Rev. Jeremiah Walker and Mary Jane Graves. He was educated at the prestigious Willington Academy of Dr. Moses Waddel near Petersburg, Georgia, and received degrees in 1806 and 1809 from Princeton University. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Petersburg. In 1808, Walker married Matilda Pope, daughter of LeRoy Pope and Judith Sale, and in 1810, he followed his father-in-law to settle in the new town of Huntsville, Mississippi Territory (now Alabama), and there began the practice of law. Upon the formation of the Alabama Territory in 1817, Walker served as a representative from Madison County to the first territorial legislature in 1818. In the second session, he served as speaker. In 1819, he was president of the convention that framed Alabama's first constitution, which enabled Alabama's admission to the United States. On October 28, 1819, Walker was elected by an almost unanimous vote of the state legislature as the first United States senator from Alabama. He served from December 14, 1819 until his resignation on December 12, 1822 on account of his failing health. He died in Huntsville on April 23, 1823, and is buried in Maple Hill Cemetery. Walker County, Alabama, established December 20, 1824, is named in his honor. Walker was the father of LeRoy Pope Walker, Confederate secretary of war and brigadier general; Richard Wilde Walker, Confederate States senator; Percy Walker, United States representative; and several other children. He was also grandfather of Richard Wilde Walker, Jr., Alabama Supreme Court Justice and a judge in the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, and American diplomat John Walker Fearn, who served as Minister of Serbia, Romania and Greece from 1885 to 1889. Notes References Owen, Thomas McAdory, History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography. Vol. IV. Chicago: S. J. Clarke, 1921. Reprinted with an introduction by Milo B. Howard, Jr. Spartanburg, SC: Reprint Company, 1978. Alabama Territory. Journal of the House of Representatives of the Alabama Territory, First Session, First General Assembly, February 1818. St. Stephens, Alabama Territory: Thomas Eastin, 1818. Full text online at website of Alabama Legislature. Alabama Territory. Journal of the House of Representatives of the Alabama Territory, Second Session, First General Assembly, November 1818. St. Stephens, Alabama Territory: Thomas Eastin, 1818. Full text online at website of Alabama Legislature. State of Alabama. Journal of the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of the State of Alabama, First Annual Session, 1819. Cahawba, Alabama: State Press, 1820. Full text online at website of Alabama Legislature. 1783 births 1823 deaths Princeton University alumni Members of the Alabama Territorial Legislature United States senators from Alabama Alabama lawyers Politicians from Huntsville, Alabama Alabama Democratic-Republicans Democratic-Republican Party United States senators 19th-century American politicians Walker family Lawyers from Huntsville, Alabama 19th-century American lawyers

847632

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Hamilton%20Gray%20%28New%20Brunswick%20politician%29

John Hamilton Gray (New Brunswick politician)

John Hamilton Gray, (1814 – June 5, 1889) was a politician in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada, a jurist, and one of the Fathers of Confederation. He should not be confused with John Hamilton Gray, a Prince Edward Island politician (and also a Father of Confederation) in the same era. Gray was born in St. George's, Bermuda, British North America. His father, William, was naval commissary in Bermuda and later served as British consul in Norfolk, Virginia. Gray's grandfather, Joseph Gray, was a United Empire Loyalist from Boston who settled in Halifax, Nova Scotia following the American Revolution. His cousin, Samuel Brownlow Gray (1823-1910), the grandfather of Captain Gerald Hamilton Gray (1883-1953) of the Royal Garrison Artillery and Lieutenant-Colonel Reginald Wentworth Gray of the Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians), was appointed Attorney-General of Bermuda in 1861 and the Chief Justice of Bermuda in 1900. John Hamilton Gray was educated at King's College in Nova Scotia after which he became a lawyer in Saint John, New Brunswick. He also served as a captain in the New Brunswick Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry becoming a major in the Queen's New Brunswick Ranger by 1850. In 1854 he became lieutenant-colonel of the regiment. Politically, Gray was a high Tory Conservative but also a moderate reformer. He joined the New Brunswick Colonial Association after it was founded in 1849. Gray moved a motion calling for a "federal union of the British North American colonies, preparatory to their immediate independence." The motion was defeated but was an anticipation of Canadian confederation. Gray was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick as a supporter of the Colonial Association's platform of reforms in opposition to the Compact government. Lieutenant Governor Edmund Walker Head appointed Gray to the Executive Council causing the reform opposition to collapse and ending Gray's career as a Liberal. He was created a Queen's Counsel In 1853. Gray became leader of the Conservatives in the Legislative Assembly and found himself leader of the opposition after the 1854 elections, the first held under responsible government, elected a Liberal (or Reform) administration ending "compact" government. In 1855, Lieutenant-Governor John Manners-Sutton dismissed the Reform government over its attempt to institute prohibition and asked Gray to form an administration. As Premier, Gray led the Conservatives to victory in the June 1856 election on an anti-prohibition platform and repealed the liquor law. However, with the central issue uniting his government now resolved he became unable to command a majority in the legislature and resigned in May 1857. Gray continued in opposition as a Conservative MLA. He also led committees of inquiry into railway construction and investigated allegations of patronage and corruption but he concluded that the railway was "sound". After 1860, Gray drifted away from his fellow Conservatives and became supportive of Samuel Leonard Tilley's Liberal government but was defeated in the 1861 election for his efforts. Out of elected politics, Gray returned to his practice as a lawyer and was appointed to an inquiry board on the land question in Prince Edward Island. Gray became an active supporter of Canadian Confederation and joined Tilley's new Liberal-Conservative Party returning to the legislature in a by-election in 1864. Gray served as a delegate to the Charlottetown Conference only to return to New Brunswick to face growing hostility to the confederation project and lost his seat in the 1865 election that brought the Anti-Confederation Party to power. Gray returned to the legislature in 1866 and served as Speaker. When confederation became a reality, Gray won a seat in the House of Commons. He did not run for re-election in 1872. He was appointed judge of the Supreme Court of British Columbia and moved west reluctantly. He served on the 1885 Royal Commission on Chinese immigration. On the court, Gray ruled in 1878 that the province's Chinese Tax Act was unconstitutional as its purpose was to "drive the Chinese from the country, thus interfering at once with the authority reserved to the Dominion Parliament as to the regulation of the trade and commerce, the rights of aliens, and the treaties of the empire." He was a Freemason of Albion Lodge No. 500 in Saint John, New Brunswick, and Civil Service Lodge No. 148 in Ottawa. John Hamilton Gray died in Victoria, British Columbia and is interred there in the Ross Bay Cemetery. He is the only father of confederation buried west of Ontario. Electoral record Recognition and legacy In 1968, a CN automobile/passenger/railcar ferry entered service carrying the name MV John Hamilton Gray, honouring both Fathers of Confederation. External links References 1814 births 1889 deaths People from St. George's Parish, Bermuda Bermudian soldiers Lawyers in New Brunswick Canadian Queen's Counsel Canadian people of Scottish descent Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick Premiers of New Brunswick Fathers of Confederation Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) MPs Members of the House of Commons of Canada from New Brunswick People of United Empire Loyalist descent Judges in British Columbia Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada) Attorneys General of the Colony of New Brunswick Colony of New Brunswick people Canadian Freemasons

848670

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Adams%20Richardson

William Adams Richardson

William Adams Richardson (November 2, 1821 – October 19, 1896) was an American lawyer who served as the 29th United States secretary of the treasury from 1873 to 1874. During his tenure, the Panic of 1873 swept the nation and caused a depression that lasted five years. He controversially responded by issuing $26 million in greenbacks, which averted the crisis, although there was debate as to whether he had the authority to do so. His tenure was marred by the Sanborn incident in 1874, which involved favoritism and profiteering in the collection of unpaid taxes. He was later appointed a judge, and subsequently the chief justice, of the United States Court of Claims. Education and career Born on November 2, 1821, in Tyngsborough, Massachusetts, Richardson studied at Pinkerton Academy and Lawrence Academy at Groton. Richardson received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1843, and an Artium Magister degree in 1846, both from Harvard University and a Bachelor of Laws in 1846 from Harvard Law School. He passed the Massachusetts' bar in July 1846. Richardson entered private practice in Lowell, Massachusetts in 1846. Richardson entered partnership and practiced law with his older brother Daniel Samuel, who had a large practice in Lowell. As the junior law partner, Richardson was considered to be a painstaking methodical office attorney. He served in the militia, first as a judge advocate with the rank of major and later as an aide to Governor George N. Briggs with the rank of lieutenant colonel. He was a Justice of the peace for Middlesex County, Massachusetts from 1847 to 1854. He was a bank President in Wamesit, Massachusetts from 1852 to 1853. He was President of the Common Council of Lowell from 1853 to 1854, and President of the Mechanics' Association. He was appointed to revise the statutes of Massachusetts in 1855, and subsequently chosen by the legislature to edit the annual supplements of the general statutes, which he continued to do for 22 years. He was a Judge of the Middlesex County Probate Court from 1856 to 1858. He was a Judge of the Middlesex County Probate and Insolvency Courts from 1858 to 1872. He was an overseer of Harvard from 1863 to 1875. Federal executive branch service Richardson was a United States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury from 1869 to 1872. He was Acting Attorney General for the United States Department of Justice in 1870. He was United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1873 to 1874, under President Ulysses S. Grant. Tenure as Secretary of the Treasury During Richardson's tenure the Panic of 1873 swept the nation and caused a depression that lasted five years. Richardson responded by controversially releasing $26,000,000 in paper money reserves in an inflationist measure to help alleviate the effects of the general panic. There was debate whether Richardson had the authority to do so, however, Congress had not passed a law to forbid such an action. Richardson secured the $15,000,000 award from the Alabama Claims through the retirement of United States bonds held in Europe. This was to ensure that no gold had to be transferred overseas by ship. The post-war economy had expanded so quickly that commercial banks became nervous and began calling in their loans. As a result, in the summer of 1873 the money supply tightened drastically, causing the Panic of 1873. Richardson responded by issuing $26 million in greenbacks to meet the demand. The legality of his action was doubtful, but the Congress did not interfere and the crisis was eased. Such cycles of expansion and panic continued for the next thirty years, however, and were the basis for the creation of the Federal Reserve in 1913. Richardson's tenure was marred by the Sanborn Incident, which involved favoritism and profiteering in the collection of unpaid taxes. Pressure mounted for Richardson to be removed; he tendered his resignation, which President Grant accepted. As a face-saving gesture, Grant then appointed Richardson as a Judge of the Court of Claims. Federal judicial service Richardson was nominated by President Ulysses S. Grant on June 1, 1874, to a Judge seat on the Court of Claims (later the United States Court of Claims) vacated by Judge Samuel Milligan. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 2, 1874, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on January 20, 1885, due to his elevation to be Chief Justice of the same court. Richardson was nominated by President Chester A. Arthur on January 15, 1885, to the Chief Justice seat on the Court of Claims vacated by Chief Justice Charles D. Drake. He was confirmed by the Senate on January 20, 1885, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on October 19, 1896, due to his death in Washington, D.C. He was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C. Other service Concurrent with his federal judicial service, Richardson was the editor of the Supplement to the Revised Statutes of the United States from 1874 to 1891, as well as a Professor of law at Georgetown Law from 1879 to 1894. Family Richardson's father was Daniel Richardson who practiced law and was Tyngsborough's postmaster, and his mother was Mary Adams of Chelmsford. Richardson was the descendant of Ezekiel Richardson who settled in Massachusetts Bay in 1630. Richardson's mother died in 1825 and her sister became his step-mother the next year. Works The Banking Laws of Massachusetts (Lowell, 1855) Supplement to the General Statutes of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, with George P. Sanger (Boston, 1860–1882) Practical information concerning the public debt of the United States: with the national banking laws (Washington, D.C., 1872) He prepared and edited: Supplement to the Revised Statutes of the United States, 2nd ed. (1881) History, Jurisdiction, and Practice of the Court of Claims (United States) (1882–1885) References Sources External links 1821 births 1896 deaths 19th-century American politicians 19th-century American judges United States Secretaries of the Treasury Harvard University alumni Harvard Law School alumni Massachusetts lawyers American militia officers Massachusetts state court judges Judges of the United States Court of Claims Grant administration cabinet members United States Article I federal judges appointed by Ulysses S. Grant Pinkerton Academy alumni

849639

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Darby%20%28priest%29

William Darby (priest)

William Darby was an Anglican Archdeacon in Ireland in the late 18th century. Magee was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Sacrist of Clonfert Cathedral and Archdeacon of Kilmacduagh from 1788 until his death in 1791. References Alumni of Trinity College Dublin Archdeacons of Kilmacduagh 18th-century Irish Anglican priests 1791 deaths

852528

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Andrew%20Davidson

John Andrew Davidson

John Andrew Davidson (August 19, 1852 – November 14, 1903) was a Manitoba politician. He was briefly the leader of Manitoba's Conservative parliamentary caucus in 1894, and later served as a cabinet minister in the governments of Hugh John Macdonald and Rodmond Roblin. Biography Davidson was born in Thamesford, Canada West (now Ontario). He moved to Manitoba in 1871, and became a mill owner and general merchant, also serving on the Protestant school board. Manitoba's boundaries were expanded in 1881, and Davidson was elected to the provincial legislature in a by-election as the first member for Dauphin. A Liberal, he defeated his sole opponent, Peter St. Clair McGregor, 148 votes to 17. Party affiliations were fluid in Manitoba in this period, and by the general election of 1883 Davidson was identifying himself as a Liberal-Conservative, and a supporter of Premier John Norquay. He was re-elected in Dauphin without opposition. Following redistribution, Davidson campaigned in the Beautiful Plains constituency for the provincial election of 1886. The Liberals saw their support rise in this campaign, and Davidson (now a Conservative) lost to Liberal John Crawford by thirty votes. Crawford again defeated Davidson in the 1888 election, this time by twenty-four votes. Provincial support for the Conservatives recovered slightly in the 1892 election, and Davidson defeated Crawford by sixteen votes in their third encounter. The opposition caucus to which he belonged initially chose William Alexander Macdonald as its leader. When Macdonald's constituency election was overturned in 1893, Davidson was chosen in his place. He made his first speech as leader of the opposition in January 1894. Davidson was a moderate figure, whose interventions were respected by the province's Liberal leadership. He did not serve as opposition leader for long. His constituency victory was also overturned on April 17, 1894, and he was subsequently defeated by John Forsyth of the Patrons of Industry in a by-election. After his loss, the leadership of the opposition seems to have fallen to James Fisher, an Independent MLA. Davidson again lost to a Patrons of Industry candidate in the 1896 election. Though the Conservatives returned to government in the 1899 election, Davidson was once again defeated in Beautiful Plains, losing to Liberal Robert Ennis by ninety votes. He was, nonetheless, appointed to cabinet by Premier Hugh John Macdonald in January 1900, serving as Provincial Treasurer, Minister of Agriculture, and Provincial Lands Commissioner. Ennis was persuaded to resign his seat the following month, and Crawford was returned to the legislature in a by-election. Rodmond Roblin took the Agriculture portfolio for himself on becoming Premier in late 1900, but kept Davidson in his other two positions. Within a year, Davidson had eliminated the debt accumulated during the previous administration of Thomas Greenway. Davidson was re-elected in the 1903 election, but died shortly after the election. External links Manitoba Historical Society profile 1852 births 1903 deaths Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba MLAs Members of the Executive Council of Manitoba Finance ministers of Manitoba

853958

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith%20Harvey%20Miller

Keith Harvey Miller

Keith Harvey Miller (March 1, 1925 – March 2, 2019) was an American Republican politician from Alaska. Miller was the second secretary of state of Alaska under Walter Hickel. He became the third governor of Alaska after Hickel’s resignation. Under his tenure, Alaska came into sudden wealth after an oil lease sale on the North Slope created a revenue of $900 million. Early life Keith Harvey Miller was born in Seattle, Washington on March 1, 1925, one of four sons of Hopkins Keith Miller (1901–1981) and Sarah Margaret (née Harvey) Miller (1903–1960). He grew up in the rural outskirts of Seattle before the family moved to the vicinity of Bothell, Washington in 1939. Miller attended and graduated from high school in Bothell. He briefly studied at the University of Idaho before joining the United States Army Air Forces, serving during the last two years of World War II. Early career and move to Alaska After leaving the military, Miller established a holly farm in Olympia, Washington in 1946. During this time, he spent portions of several summers working in the Territory of Alaska and also studied at the University of Washington, Seattle, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1952. Miller sold the holly farm in 1953, the same year he married Diana Mary Doyle in Seattle and established a collection agency there. He sold the agency in 1957 after being hired by the Internal Revenue Service, who stationed him in Anchorage, Alaska. Early political career Miller began his political career in 1962 with his election to the Alaska House of Representatives., where he served one term. He served as Secretary of State of Alaska (now the Lieutenant Governor of Alaska) from 1966 until Hickel resigned to become United States Secretary of the Interior under President Richard M. Nixon, on January 29, 1969. He was promptly elevated to the position of Governor of Alaska. Governor of Alaska Under Governor Miller, Alaska completed the sale of land leases in Prudhoe Bay, which brought a windfall of $900 million. The funds from the oil leases were seven times the state’s budget and seven years after he first proposed an investment fund for oil royalties, Governor Jay Hammond established the Alaska Permanent Fund. He lobbied extensively for the Trans-Alaska Pipeline. He pushed the Congress to approve the pipeline over the objections of Federal Judge George Hart and the Alaska Legislature for funds to build a road to the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field. In 1970, seeking re-election to a full term, he saw his popularity diminish as his former running mate, Walter Hickel, delayed issuance of the permit to build the pipeline. He faced a primary election challenge from two-term Congressman Howard Wallace Pollock. He defeated Pollock, but faced William A. Egan, who was Alaska’s first governor in the general election. Egan won the race. Only after the 1973 oil crisis did Congress pass the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act that Miller sought. Later career In 1972, Miller was elected to a four-year term in the Alaska Senate. That term was cut short due to a challenge of the redistricting plan drawn up by the Alaska Supreme Court in 1972, centered on the apportionment of Senate districts in Anchorage. The court drew up a new plan in 1974. Rather than run for reelection in the new, Democratic-leaning district, Miller made one more campaign for governor in the Republican primary. He faced Hickel and Jay Hammond, who became the party’s nominee. In 1977, Governor Hammond named Miller to a seat on the Alaska Transportation Commission to serve as its chair. Death Miller died from pancreatic cancer while at a hospice in Anchorage a day after his 94th birthday on March 2, 2019. His wife, Jean Cuffel Miller, preceded him in death. References External links Keith Miller at 100 Years of Alaska's Legislature |- |- 1925 births 2019 deaths Alaska Republicans Alaska state senators American Methodists Deaths from cancer in Alaska Deaths from pancreatic cancer Governors of Alaska Lieutenant Governors of Alaska Members of the Alaska House of Representatives Military personnel from Seattle Politicians from Seattle Republican Party state governors of the United States United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II University of Idaho alumni University of Washington alumni

856219

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Taylor%20%26%20Co

John Taylor & Co

John Taylor Bell Foundry (Loughborough) Limited, trading as John Taylor & Co and commonly known as Taylor's Bell Foundry, Taylor's of Loughborough, or simply Taylor's, is the world's largest working bell foundry. It is located in Loughborough, in the Charnwood borough of Leicestershire, England. The business originated in the 14th century, and the Taylor family took over in 1784. The company manufactures bells for use in clock towers, rings of bells for change ringing, chimes, and carillons. In 2005, Taylor's merged with Eayre & Smith Limited (bellhangers) and from 2005 until 2009 was known as Taylors Eayre & Smith Limited. In September 2009, Taylor's went into administration but was bought out of administration by a consortium named UK Bell Foundries Ltd, led by Andrew Wilby, which re-financed the business. Since then, the company has re-established its presence both in the UK and in export markets. The foundry has a museum of bells and bellfounding, which is the only one of its kind in the UK. It is one of the few Victorian purpose-built manufacturing sites still being used for its original purpose. Its campanile contains the most-pealed bells in the world. History The present company is part of a line of bellfounders dating back to Johannes de Stafford in the 14th century, who was also a mayor of Leicester. The Taylor family became involved in 1784 with Robert Taylor (1759–1830), and a foundry was established in Loughborough in 1839 by his son John Taylor (1797–1858), moving to the current site in 1859. The Taylors also had foundries in Oxford and St Neots between 1786 and 1854. During much of the later 19th century, the foundry was under the management of John William Taylor (1827–1906). Taylor's was the first bellfounder to adopt "true-harmonic" tuning in the late 19th century. In 1963, Paul Taylor, last of the Taylor family in the business, appeared on the American TV panel show What's My Line?, challenging the panel with his occupation as a bell maker. The foundry is based in buildings on Freehold Street, which are Grade II* listed. The National Twelve Bell Contest is competed for annually by the leading teams in England for "The Taylor Trophy". On 18 September 2009, the company went into administration. Mazars, which had previously been acting as advisors to the company during attempts to secure extra funding, were appointed administrators. On 2 October 2009, it was reported that the administrators were "optimistic about its future." On 15 October 2009, in a statement released by UK Bell Foundries Ltd, a consortium of ringers, members of the bell industry and other investors, it was stated that the foundry would reopen on 19 October, reverting to the previous name of John Taylor & Co. Paul Taylor's widow, Mrs Merle Taylor, was honorary president of the new company until her death. The board from 2015 to 2020 comprised Andrew W R Wilby (chairman and CEO), Laith R Reynolds, David E Potter, Michael J Semken, Simon E Adams, D Paul Mason and Andrew B Mills. In 2016, the directors of UK Bell Foundries Ltd founded the Loughborough Bellfoundry Trust and transferred ownership of the buildings, equipment, intellectual property and the museum to that body in perpetuity to safeguard it for the future. The Trust received emergency grants to restore several parts of the building from Historic England, as it was listed as a Grade II* building at risk. Further restoration was planned. In 2018, the company established a subsidiary called John Taylor International, based in Australia, to serve the southern hemisphere markets. At the end of 2020, Andrew Wilby resigned as director and CEO; David Potter also resigned as director. Andrew's son Michael Wilby was managing director from October 2019 to August 2021. Notable bells and rings In 1881 at Loughborough, Taylor's cast "Great Paul" (the largest British cast bell in Britain) for St Paul's Cathedral in London, weighing or more than 17 metric tons. Rock band AC/DC used a 2000-pound cast bronze bell for the song "Hells Bells", which was originally used on the Back in Black Tour in 1980. Many churches around the world have used bells cast at Taylor's bell foundry, including: References Further reading External links Panorama of the foundry – BBC Leicester History of the Taylor family Index of carillons, chimes and great bells produced by the Taylor foundry 1784 establishments in England Bell foundries of the United Kingdom British companies established in 1784 Carillon makers Companies based in Loughborough Museums in Leicestershire Musical instrument museums in the United Kingdom Taylor Bellfounders

856713

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Seymour%20%281474%E2%80%931536%29

John Seymour (1474–1536)

Sir John Seymour, Knight banneret (c. 1474 – 21 December 1536) was an English soldier and a courtier who served both Henry VII and Henry VIII. Born into a prominent gentry family, he is best known as the father of the Henry VIII's third wife, Jane Seymour, and hence grandfather of king Edward VI of England. Family The Seymours were descendants of an Anglo-Norman family that took its name from St. Maur-sur-Loire in Touraine. William de St. Maur in 1240 held the manors of Penhow and Woundy (now called Undy in Monmouthshire). William's great-grandson, Sir Roger de St. Maur, had two sons: John, whose granddaughter conveyed these manors by marriage into the family of Bowlay of Penhow, who bore the Seymour arms; and Sir Roger (c. 1308 – before 1366), who married Cicely, eldest sister and heir of John de Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp. Cicely brought to the Seymours the manor of Hache, Somerset, and her grandson, Roger Seymour, by his marriage with Maud, daughter and heir of Sir William Esturmy, acquired Wulfhall (or Wolf Hall) (in the parish of Great Bedwyn in the Savernake Forest), Wiltshire. Sir John Seymour, was a great-great-grandson of this Roger Seymour. Sir John Seymour, was born around 1474, the eldest son of John Seymour (c. 1450 – 26 October 1491) of Wulfhall, Wiltshire, by his marriage to Elizabeth Darell (or Darrell) (born c. 1451). He married Margery, the daughter of Sir Henry Wentworth of Nettlestead, Suffolk, and his wife Anne Say. Anne was the daughter of Sir John Say and his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Lawrence Cheney (or Cheyne) (c.1396–1461) and Elizabeth Cokayne. Margery Wentworth's grandfather, Sir Philip Wentworth, had married Mary, daughter of John Clifford, 7th Baron de Clifford, whose mother Elizabeth was daughter of Henry Percy (Hotspur) and great-great-granddaughter of Edward III. Margery was renowned for her beauty as well as her quiet and gentle demeanour, and she came to the attention of the poet John Skelton. Career Seymour succeeded his father in 1492 and was knighted in the field by Henry VII for his services against the Cornish rebels at Blackheath on 17 June 1497. He was made Knight banneret in 1513. He was present at the sieges of Thérouanne and Tournay in 1513 as well as the two meetings between Henry VIII and Francis I: the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520 and again in 1532. Offices held His offices included: Warden, Savernake Forest, Wiltshire October 1491 Sheriff, Wiltshire 1498–1499, 1507–1508, 1518–19, 1524 – January 1526 Sheriff of Somerset and Dorset 1515–1516, 1526–1527 Justice of the peace Wiltshire 1499–1536 Steward, Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham's lands, Wiltshire by 1503 Knight of the body by 1509 Constable and door-ward, Bristol Castle, Gloucestershire August 1509, jointly. (with son Edward) July 1517 Under captain, Dragon of Greenwich 1512 Commissioner subsidy, Wiltshire 1512, 1514, 1515, Wiltsshire and Salisbury 1523 Commissioner musters, Wiltshire 1513 Commissioner loan 1524 Steward, manor of Kingston Lisle, Berkshire before 1513 Forester, Grovely, Wiltshire February 1526 Groom of the Bedchamber 1532 Marriage and Issue Sir John Seymour married Margery Wentworth (c.1478–18 October 1550) on 22 October 1494. The couple had ten children: John Seymour (died 15 July 1510), eldest son and heir apparent who predeceased his father without progeny. His monumental brass survives set into the floor of Great Bedwyn Church, inscribed as follows: "Here lyeth the body of John Seymour sonne and here of Sr John Seymour, Knight, & of Margery oon of the daughters of Sr Henry Wentworth, Knight, which decessed ye xv day of July the yer of or Lord MVCX on whos soule Jh(es)u have m(er)cy & of yor charitie say a Pater Nost(er) & Ave (Maria)" Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, Lord Protector of Edward VI (c. 1500 – 22 January 1552) married firstly Catherine, daughter of Sir William Filliol and secondly Anne, daughter of Sir Edward Stanhope. Sir Henry Seymour (1503–1578) married Barbara, daughter of Morgan Wolfe Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley (c. 1508 – 20 March 1549) married Catherine Parr, widow of Henry VIII John Seymour (died young) Anthony Seymour (died c. 1528) Jane Seymour, queen Consort of Henry VIII (c. 1509 – 24 October 1537) Margery Seymour (died c. 1528) Elizabeth Seymour, Lady Cromwell (c. 1518 – 19 March 1568) through whom Sir John Seymour is an ancestor of actor Danny Dyer. Dorothy Seymour (c. 1519–1574) married firstly, Sir Clement Smith (c. 1515 – 26 August 1552), MP, of Little Baddow, Essex and secondly, Thomas Leventhorpe of Shingle Hall, Hertfordshire. Of the ten children born at Wulfhall, six survived:– three sons: Edward, Henry and Thomas, and three daughters: Jane, Elizabeth and Dorothy. Edward, Thomas, Jane and Elizabeth were courtiers. Edward and Thomas, would both be executed during the reign of Edward VI. Henry Seymour, who lacked his brothers' ambition, lived away from court, in relative obscurity. Seymour also had an illegitimate son: Sir John Seymour (c. 1530 – before August 1599), married in March 1568 Jane or Joan Poyntz, daughter of Sir Nicholas Poyntz and Joan Berkeley. Notable children Four of the Seymour children achieved prominence at the royal court:– Edward, Thomas, Jane and Elizabeth. Jane Seymour, the eldest surviving daughter, was a maid of honour of Henry's first wife, Catherine of Aragon, and then later of Anne Boleyn. Henry VIII stayed at Wulfhall with Queen Anne in the summer of 1535 for a few days. In early 1536, Henry declared his love for Jane and began spending increasing amounts of time with her, chaperoned by her brother, Edward. Henry and Jane were officially betrothed the day after Anne Boleyn was arrested and executed on charges of treason, adultery and incest. After Jane became queen on 30 May 1536, her family scaled the social ranks, as was befitting the family of a royal consort. Her eldest brother, Edward, was made an earl and eventually a duke and briefly ruled England on behalf of his nephew, King Edward VI. Her second brother, Thomas, was made a baron and Lord High Admiral, and in 1547 eloped with Henry VIII's widow, Queen Catherine Parr. Both Edward and Thomas were beheaded for treason, a few years apart. Seymour's second daughter, Elizabeth, was first married to Sir Anthony Ughtred (c.1478 – 1534), secondly to Gregory Cromwell (c.1520 – 1551), son of Henry VIII's chief minister, Thomas Cromwell, and for a third time to John Paulet, Baron St John (c.1510 – 1576), who succeeded his father as Marquess of Winchester in 1572. Death and burial Seymour died on 21 December 1536. By royal custom, his daughter Queen Jane did not attend the funeral. He was first buried in the church of Easton Priory, but following the collapse of that building was reburied in 1590 by his grandson, Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford, in St Mary's Church, Great Bedwyn, the parish church of Wulfhall, where his monument survives. The monument gives his age at death as sixty: His eldest son and heir, Edward Seymour, inherited lands producing an income of £275 a year, . Arms The arms of Seymour are blazoned Gules, two wings conjoined in lure or. Monument, Great Bedwyn His Monument in Great Bedwyn Church consists of a chest tomb displaying heraldic escutcheons, surmounted by his recumbent effigy, fully dressed in armour with hands in prayer, his head resting on his helm from which projects the sculpted Seymour crest of a pair of wings. His feet rest on a lion and a sword lies by his side. On the wall above is fixed a tablet inscribed as follows: "Here lyeth intombed the worthie Sr John Seymour of Wolfhall, Knight, who by Margerie his wyfe, daughter of Sr Henry Wentworthe, Knight, from whome the nowe Lorde Wentworthe is discended, had sixe sonnes and fower daughters, to wete, John who dyed unmaryed; Edwarde, Duke of Somerset, Earl of Hertforde, Vicount Beauchampe and Baron Seymour, uncle to Kinge Edwarde the Sixt, Governor of his Royall Person, Protector of all his Dominions and Subjects, Lorde Treasorer and Earle Marshall of Englande; w(i)ch Duke maryed Anne, daughter of Sr Edwarde Stanhope, Knight, by Elizabeth his wyfe, daughter of Sr Foulke Burgchier, Lorde Filzwaryn, (sic) from whome the moderne Earles of Bathe are discended; Sr Henry Seymour, Knight, who maried Barbara daughter of Thomas Morgan, Esquier; Thomas Lorde Seymour of Sudeley, Highe Admirall of Englande, who maryed Katherine, Queene of Englande, and wydow to Kinge Henry the Eight. One other Jhon, and Anthony, who dyed in theire infancy. Jane Qveene of Englande, wyfe to Kynge Henry the Eight, and mother to Kynge Edwarde the Sixt; Elizabeth, firste maryed to Sr Henry Ughtred,(sic) Knight, after to Gregorie, Lorde Cromwell, and last to Jhon Lorde Sainct John of Basinge,(sic) after Marquesse of Winchester; Margery, who dyed in her infancy, and Dorothe, maryed to Sr Clement Smythe, Knight. This Knight departed this lyfe at LX yeares of age, the XXI day of December, Anno 1536, and was firste buryed at Eston Priorie Churche amongst divers of his auncestors, bothe Seymours and Sturmyes. Howbeit that Churche beinge ruyned, and thereby all theire monumentes either whollie spoyled, or verie much defased duringe the mynoritie of Edwarde, Earle of Hertforde, sonne to the said Duke, the said Earle after, as well for the dutyfull love he beareth to his said grandefather, as for the better contynuans of his memory, did cause his bodie to be removed, and here to be intombed at his own coste and chardge, the laste daye of September, Anno 1590, in the XXXII yeare of the moste happye raigne of our gratious Soveraigne Ladie Queene Elizabeth." A transcript was made of the inscriptions of the Seymour monuments by the topographer John Aubrey on his visit to the church in 1672, who also recorded the heraldry on the monument at that date, much of which has been lost. Notes Attribution References External links Seymour, Sir John (1473/74-1536), of Wolf Hall, Wilts. A biography Seymour Family A pedigree of the Seymour family Church of St Mary the Virgin, Great Bedwyn British Listed Buildings High Sheriffs of Somerset High Sheriffs of Wiltshire 1470s births 1536 deaths Year of birth uncertain John, 1536 16th-century English people Knights banneret of England High Sheriffs of Dorset

856760

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Seymour

John Seymour

John Seymour may refer to: Courtiers and politicians John Hayward alias Seymour (c. 1355–1407), Member of Parliament for Bridport, U.K. John Seymour (MP for Bristol) (fl. 1351, Member of Parliament for Bristol, U.K. John Seymour (1425–1463), British landowner and Member of Parliament John Seymour (died 1464), British knight and Member of Parliament John Seymour (died 1491) (1450s–1491), member of the British landed gentry and grandfather of Queen Jane Seymour Sir John Seymour (1474–1536), father of Queen Jane Seymour, third wife of Henry VIII of England John Seymour (died 1567), Member of Parliament for Great Bedwyn, U.K. John Seymour (died 1552), Member of Parliament for Wootton Bassett, U.K. John Seymour (died 1618), Member of Parliament for Great Bedwyn, U.K. John Seymour, 4th Duke of Somerset (before 1646–1675), British peer and Member of Parliament John Seymour (Maryland governor) (1649–1709), royal governor of the Maryland colony in the Americas, then part of England John Seymour (Gloucestershire MP) (died 1663), British of Parliament John F. Seymour (born 1937), former Senator from California, U.S. John Seymour, 19th Duke of Somerset (born 1952), British peer and Member of Parliament John Webb Seymour (1777–1819), English aristocrat and amateur geologist Others John Seymour (priest) (died 1501), Canon of Windsor John Seymour (cricketer) (1881–1967), British cricketer John Laurence Seymour (1893–1986), American composer John Seymour (author) (1914–2004), author and influential figure in the self-sufficiency movement See also Seymour (disambiguation) Seymour (surname)

857451

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Snyder%20%28actor%29

John Snyder (actor)

John Snyder is an American film, stage, television, and voice actor. Snyder played the gas station man in the 1979 film The Warriors. He portrayed "Soul Hunter #2" in "Soul Hunter" and "Orin Zento" in "By Any Means Necessary", episodes of Babylon 5, and as Aaron Conor in the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "The Masterpiece Society" also as the Romulan Bochra in the episode "The Enemy". He appeared in many TV series and films from 1979 to 2004, and appears as Damian in Love Sick Diaries. Aside from stage and film acting, he has also done voice work in anime and video games for studios, such as Animaze, Bang Zoom! Entertainment and New Generation Pictures. Filmography References External links Living people 20th-century American male actors 21st-century American male actors American male film actors American male television actors American male video game actors American male voice actors Year of birth missing (living people)

858378

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Brown%20%28Scottish%20politician%29

Robert Brown (Scottish politician)

Robert Edward Brown (born 25 December 1947) is a Scottish Liberal Democrat politician. He was a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Glasgow region from 1999 to 2011. Career A graduate of University of Aberdeen, he was Depute Procurator Fiscal of Dumbarton 1972−1974 and has since been a partner and consultant with a Glasgow firm of solicitors. He was a Glasgow City councillor (Liberal) for several years in the 1970s and 1980s, and was Convener of the Scottish Liberal Democrat Policy Committee for much of the 1990s and 2000s. He was first elected to the Scottish Parliament in its first election in 1999. Following Nicol Stephen's election as party leader and succession as Deputy First Minister of Scotland in 2005, Brown was appointed Deputy Minister for Education and Young People in the Scottish Executive. He was second on the Liberal Democrat list of candidates for Glasgow region in the 2011 Scottish Parliament election but was unsuccessful when the party failed to gain any list seats. In May 2012, he was elected as a councillor for the Rutherglen South ward on South Lanarkshire Council, and retained the seat at the 2017 elections; being the only Liberal Democrat representative in the council out of 64 seats. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Rutherglen and Hamilton West constituency at the 2017 UK general election, losing his deposit after receiving only 4% of the vote. Brown was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2014 New Year Honours for service to Politics. He currently resides in Burnside, in the south of Greater Glasgow. See also List of Scottish Executive Ministerial Teams References External links Robert Brown MSP Mini-site and biography on Glasgow Liberal Democrat Website Robert Brown MSP Profile at site of Scottish Liberal Democrats 1947 births Living people People from Newcastle upon Tyne Scottish Liberal Democrat councillors Scottish solicitors Rutherglen Alumni of the University of Aberdeen Liberal Democrat MSPs Members of the Scottish Parliament for Glasgow constituencies Members of the Scottish Parliament 1999–2003 Members of the Scottish Parliament 2003–2007 Members of the Scottish Parliament 2007–2011 Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Councillors in Glasgow Councillors in South Lanarkshire Scottish Liberal Party councillors

858399

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Brown%20%28English%20politician%29

Robert Brown (English politician)

Robert Crofton Brown (16 May 1921 – 3 September 1996) was an English Labour Party politician. Brown was a district gas inspector with the Northern Gas Board and a branch secretary of the National Union of General and Municipal Workers. He was secretary of his Constituency Labour Party and a councillor on Newcastle upon Tyne Borough Council. Brown was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Newcastle upon Tyne West in 1966, then for Newcastle upon Tyne North from 1983, retiring in 1987. References External links 1921 births 1996 deaths Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Councillors in Tyne and Wear GMB (trade union)-sponsored MPs UK MPs 1966–1970 UK MPs 1970–1974 UK MPs 1974 UK MPs 1974–1979 UK MPs 1979–1983 UK MPs 1983–1987 Ministers in the Wilson governments, 1964–1970

858588

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Morris%2C%20Baron%20Naseby

Michael Morris, Baron Naseby

Michael Wolfgang Laurence Morris, Baron Naseby, PC (born 25 November 1936) is a British Conservative Party politician. Early life Born in London and educated at Bedford School and St Catharine's College, Cambridge, he contested Islington North at the 1966 general election, being beaten by Labour's Gerry Reynolds. Parliamentary career Morris was first elected to the House of Commons at the February 1974 general election for the then-marginal seat of Northampton South. His majority was just 179 in February 1974, and 141 in October 1974. In 1983 boundary changes turned it into a safe Conservative seat. Morris oversaw the passing of the Maastricht Treaty in the Commons in his role as Deputy Speaker. He was defeated by 744 votes at the 1997 general election, when the Labour Party under Tony Blair won a landslide victory. From 1992, Morris held the non-voting position of Chairman of Ways and Means and Deputy Speaker, and after the election he accepted a life peerage as Baron Naseby, of Sandy in the County of Bedfordshire on 28 October 1997. References 1936 births Living people Alumni of St Catharine's College, Cambridge Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Naseby Life peers created by Elizabeth II Deputy Speakers of the British House of Commons UK MPs 1974 UK MPs 1974–1979 UK MPs 1979–1983 UK MPs 1983–1987 UK MPs 1987–1992 UK MPs 1992–1997 Naseby, Michael Morris, Baron People educated at Bedford School Sri Lanka Rathna

859782

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Ross%2C%20Baron%20Ross%20of%20Newport

Stephen Ross, Baron Ross of Newport

Stephen Sherlock Ross, Baron Ross of Newport (6 July 1926 – 10 May 1993) often known as Steve Ross was a Liberal politician in the United Kingdom. Ross came from a Scottish background, his family being in shipping in Liverpool. His mother died when he was a baby and he was brought up by his father, who held the MC, in London. Educated at Bedford School, he went into the Royal Navy aged 18 in 1944 and served four years on the lower decks, which he claimed was the best thing that ever happened to him. In 1948 he joined his uncle's firm in Kidderminster, which was an auction and cattle market. He qualified as a chartered surveyor and land agent. He went to the Isle of Wight in 1953 to secure a better job, and in 1958 tried to join the Liberal Party but 'no one wanted to know'. He finally joined in 1961 and in the 1964 election worked for an elderly lady candidate 'who was slightly muddled about who was Prime Minister'. He decided things could not go on like that and fought the 1966 election himself with his wife, Brenda, and a few friends, covering the island by Land Rover. He did the same in 1970, by which time he had become a county councillor. Ross was Leader of Isle of Wight County Council 1973-74 and 1981-83. He was elected as Member of Parliament for the Isle of Wight at the February 1974 general election; this was the one surprising Liberal win at this election, outside areas where the Liberals had been traditionally strong. He was re-elected in October 1974, 1979 and 1983 until his retirement from the House of Commons in 1987. In the Commons he was successively party spokesman on housing and local government, the environment, transport and Northern Ireland, but his main legislative imprint remains to this day in the Housing (Homeless Persons) Act of 1977 which he promoted successfully as a Private Member's Bill. Shortly after he chose to not stand for a fourth term, he was elevated to the House of Lords, being created a life peer on 4 November 1987 taking the title Baron Ross of Newport, of Newport in the County of the Isle of Wight, where he spoke on local government As an MP in his constituency he enjoyed a popular following, and reports that he received support from others who would normally have voted for candidates from other parties were often cited. On his departure from the Commons, the Conservative candidate Barry Field was elected and held onto the seat for two terms until 1997 when the seat was temporarily regained for one term by the successors to the Liberals, the Liberal Democrats. References External links 1926 births 1993 deaths Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Ross of Newport UK MPs 1974 UK MPs 1974–1979 UK MPs 1979–1983 UK MPs 1983–1987 Councillors in the Isle of Wight People educated at Bedford School Liberal Democrats (UK) life peers Members of Parliament for the Isle of Wight

862086

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%20Smith%20%28disambiguation%29

Adam Smith (disambiguation)

Adam Smith (1723–1790) was a moral philosopher, author and economics pioneer. Adam Smith may also refer to: Sports Adam Smith (coach) (born 1971), English football coach and former footballer Adam Smith (American football) (born 1990), American football offensive guard Adam Smith (basketball) (born 1992), basketball player for Hapoel Holon in the Israel Basketball Premier League Adam Smith (cricketer) (born 1976), Australian cricketer Adam Smith (footballer, born February 1985), English footballer for Chesterfield, Mansfield Town, Lincoln City, and others Adam Smith (footballer, born September 1985), English footballer playing for Lowestoft Town Adam Smith (footballer, born 1991), English footballer playing for A.F.C. Bournemouth Adam Smith (footballer, born 1992), English footballer playing for Stevenage Adam Smith (ice hockey) (born 1976), Canadian player Adam Smith (swimmer) (1903–1985), American freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics Others Adam Smith (director) (fl. 1990s–2020s), British television director Adam Smith (EastEnders), fictional character in EastEnders Adam Smith (Washington politician) (born 1965), U.S. representative from Washington Adam Smith (Kentucky) (born 1977), American political activist Adam Smith, pseudonym of George Goodman (1930–2014), American economics writer and commentator Adam Smith (Torchwood), fictional character in Torchwood Adam Neal Smith (fl. 2000s), American actor, musician and film composer Adam T. Smith (fl. 1990s–2010s), American professor of anthropology at Cornell University Adam D. Smith (fl. 2000s–2010s), professor of computer science at Boston University Adam Smith (Kansas politician) (fl. 2010s–2020s), member of the Kansas House of Representatives Adam Smith (YouTuber) (fl. 2010s–2020s), Australian doctor and YouTuber See also Adam Smith College, Fife, Scotland Adam Smith Institute, free-market UK think tank Adam Smith University, defunct, controversial, unaccredited, private distance learning university based in Liberia Adam Smyth (born 1981), English cricketer Smith, Adam

865609

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth%20Miller

Kenneth Miller

Kenneth Miller may refer to: Politics Ken A. Miller (born 1966), Oklahoma State Treasurer Ken Miller (Montana politician), member of the Montana State Senate Sports Ken Miller (gridiron football) (born 1941), head coach of the Saskatchewan Roughriders Ken Miller (American football) (born 1958), American football cornerback Kenny Miller (basketball) (born 1967), former basketball player Kenny Miller (born 1979), Scottish footballer Kenneth Miller (cricketer) (born 1958), Trinidadian cricketer Other Ken Miller (curator) (born 1963), curator, writer-editor Ken Miller (television producer) (born 1952), senior vice president of Spelling Television Kenneth G. Miller (born 1956), American geologist Kenneth P. Miller (born 1948), American political scientist Kenneth R. Miller (born 1948), American biologist known for his role in Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District Kenneth Hayes Miller (1876–1952), American painter and teacher See also Kenneth Millar, American-Canadian writer

867753

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Reid%2C%201st%20Earl%20Loreburn

Robert Reid, 1st Earl Loreburn

Robert Threshie Reid, 1st Earl Loreburn, (3 April 1846 – 30 November 1923) was a British lawyer, judge and radical Liberal politician. He served as Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain between 1905 and 1912. Background and education Born in Corfu, the largest city on the island of the same name, Loreburn was the son of Sir James John Reid, Chief Justice of the Ionian Islands, at the time a British proctectorate. His mother was Mary, daughter of Robert Threshie. Loreburn was educated at Cheltenham College and Balliol College, Oxford. While at Oxford, he represented the Oxford University Cricket Club in fifteen first-class matches as a wicket-keeper, spanning from 1865 to 1868. He remained involved in cricket for many years after, with appearances for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and Herefordshire at lower levels of the sport, amongst other sides. Political career Loreburn's national political career began in 1880, when he was elected to the House of Commons as Member of Parliament for Hereford. He stayed there until 1885, when he ran unsuccessfully in Dunbartonshire, but returned to the Commons in 1886 for Dumfries Burghs. He remained in the House of Commons until 1905; during this time period, he was appointed to the offices of Solicitor General and knighted (1894) and Attorney General (1894–1895). He was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG) in 1899. He left the House of Commons in 1905, though, and became Lord Chancellor under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman On his appointment he was raised to the peerage as Baron Loreburn, of Dumfries in the County of Dumfries. (The Loreburn was a stream which historically ran close to Dumfries, and which was the source of the town's motto and rallying cry, "A Lore Burne".) During the 1900s and 1910s, many Liberal politicians took up the ideology of Liberal Imperialism, led by the Chancellor of the Exchequer (H. H. Asquith), the Secretary of State for War (Richard Haldane) and the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey). This triumvirate of politicians was strongly in favour of an entente with France, along with the creation of a British Expeditionary Force, in the event of a war between France and Germany. These three politicians made their views known, and when Campbell-Bannerman appointed his cabinet, he appointed Loreburn Lord Chancellor as a counter to the Liberal Imperialists. In 1908, Asquith became Prime Minister. Lord Loreburn's disagreements with Haldane, Grey, Asquith, and eventually David Lloyd George became more prominent. Asquith, Lloyd George, Grey, Churchill, and Haldane met secretly on 23 August 1911, and when certain Cabinet members found out, they were furious. Reginald McKenna had recently been deprived of his position as First Lord of the Admiralty for refusing to provide military aid to the French, and he led the majority (whose members included Loreburn, McKenna, Colonial Secretary Lewis Vernon Harcourt, and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Jack Pease) in "a strong line about Cabinet supremacy over all other bodies in the matter of sea and land defence". Lord Esher wrote, "There has been a serious crisis. Fifteen members of the Cabinet against five. The Entente is decidedly imperilled." He was created Earl Loreburn on 4 July 1911. Unfortunately, Lord Loreburn's health began declining, and in the summer of 1912, he resigned his Lord Chancellorship. In a parting, "valedictory" letter to Lord Haldane, he wrote: During the July Crisis Loreburn opposed British intervention in the impending continental war. On 31 July 1914 the Manchester Guardian, to his delight, attacked the way in which Britain appeared to have been secretly committed to the side of France and Russia. In January 1918, the House of Lords came to consider the Bill which went on to become the Representation of the People Act 1918, for the first time introducing a limited women's suffrage. Loreburn moved an amendment to delete from the Bill the sections which would give the vote to women, but the Lords were not persuaded and on a division the amendment was lost by 134 votes against to 71 in favour. Personal life Lord Loreburn married firstly Emily, daughter of A. C. Fleming, in 1871. After her death in August 1904 he married secondly Violet Elizabeth, daughter of William Frederick Hicks-Beach, in 1907. There were no children from either marriage. Lord Loreburn died on 30 November 1923, aged 77, when his titles became extinct. Arms See also References The Anglo-French Entente Leigh Rayment's Peerages External links |- Loreburn, Robert Reid, 1st Earl Loreburn, Robert Reid, 1st Earl Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford Attorneys General for England and Wales Loreburn, Robert Reid, 1st Earl Loreburn, Robert Reid, 1st Earl People educated at Cheltenham College Solicitors General for England and Wales Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Scottish Liberal Party MPs UK MPs 1880–1885 UK MPs 1886–1892 UK MPs 1892–1895 UK MPs 1895–1900 UK MPs 1900–1906 UK MPs who were granted peerages Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George English cricketers Oxford University cricketers Presidents of the Marylebone Cricket Club Sportspeople from Gloucestershire Knights Bachelor Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom Members of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council Peers created by Edward VII Peers created by George V Wicket-keepers

872122

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Carroll%20%28soldier%29

John Carroll (soldier)

John Carroll, VC (16 August 1891 – 4 October 1971) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Early life Born in Brisbane, Queensland to Irish parents, Carroll moved to Western Australia while still a child. He worked as a labourer and railway guard before enlisting in the Australian Imperial Force as a private in April 1916. Military career Joining the Australian 3rd Division, Carroll was originally a reinforcement for the West Australian 44th Battalion before moving to the New South Wales 33rd Battalion in November 1916. On 7–12 June 1917 at St. Yves, Belgium, during the Battle of Messines, Private Carroll rushed the enemy's trench and bayoneted four of the occupants. He then noticed a comrade in difficulty and went to his assistance, killing another of the enemy. Next, he single-handedly attacked a machine-gun team, killing three of them and capturing the gun. Later, two of his comrades were buried by a shell; in spite of heavy shelling and machine-gun fire, he managed to rescue them. Carroll was later severely wounded at Passchendaele in October 1917. His rehabilitation was successful but after briefly returning to his unit, the Australian Prime Minister Billy Hughes, then in England, arranged for furlough to Australia for Victoria Cross recipients to help recruiting in Australia. It has been claimed that Carroll failed on three occasions to appear at Buckingham Palace for his Victoria Cross award ceremony and when he did turn up on the fourth occasion he took advantage of one of the entitlements of VC recipients to call out the Palace Guard. These stories first appeared in the Perth Daily News on 2 November 1927 and the source of the story would seem to be Carroll himself. He related the story while he was in hospital after an industrial accident in which one of his feet was amputated. Just out of surgery and still in pain he was interviewed by a reporter who does not seem to have checked the veracity of the stories. Later life Carroll died on 4 October 1971, at the age of 80, and is buried in Karrakatta Cemetery, Perth, Western Australia. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra. Medals: Victoria Cross, British War Medal, Victory Medal Legacy The John Carroll ward at the former Repatriation General Hospital, Hollywood is named in his honour. In addition, a street in the suburb of Hughes in Canberra, the capital of Australia, is named after Private Carroll (the suburb being named after Prime Minister Billy Hughes). On Anzac Day 2018, Carroll and fellow VC recipient Thomas Axford, were honoured with a paver on the Walk of Fame in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. References 1891 births 1971 deaths People from Brisbane Australian World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross Burials at Karrakatta Cemetery Australian Army soldiers

882800

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tino%20Martinez

Tino Martinez

Constantino "Tino" Martinez (born December 7, 1967) is an American former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, New York Yankees, St. Louis Cardinals, and Tampa Bay Devil Rays from 1990 through 2005. He also served as a hitting coach for the Miami Marlins in 2013. His nickname is The Bam-tino, which came from a home run in game 1 of the 1998 World Series. Formerly a third baseman and first baseman, Martinez was the first round draft pick for the Seattle Mariners in out of the University of Tampa where he starred during his time on campus. He began his Major League career in and played for the Mariners, New York Yankees, St. Louis Cardinals, and Tampa Bay Devil Rays, before rejoining the Yankees in the season. During his 16-year MLB career, he scored 1,009 runs, drove in 1,271 runs, and hit 339 home runs. He had 100 or more RBI in six different seasons and was twice named to the All-Star team. Early life Tino Martinez was born in Tampa, Florida to a Cuban-American father with Spanish roots, and a mother with Greek ancestry. He was raised in the neighborhood of West Tampa in Tampa, Florida. His grandfather owned a small cigar factory in which Martinez, his brothers, and childhood friend and fellow future major-leaguer Luis Gonzalez worked as young boys. Martinez attended St. Joseph School in West Tampa until 8th grade, then attended Tampa Catholic High School for 9th and 10th grade before transferring to Jefferson High School for his final two years of high school. Martinez led both schools to state baseball championships. After graduation, he enrolled at the NCAA Division II University of Tampa. Martinez played three years of college baseball at Tampa and was an All-American each year. In 1986, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Falmouth Commodores of the Cape Cod Baseball League. As of 2011, Martinez still held school records in career home runs (54), career batting average (.399), career slugging percentage (.736), single season batting average (.452) and single season slugging percentage (.957). In 1988, he was a finalist for the Golden Spikes Award which has never been given to any NCAA Division II player. One year after graduating, he was inducted into the University of Tampa's athletics hall of fame. Since 2010, the Tino Martinez Award has been given to the most outstanding NCAA Division II baseball player. In 2013, Martinez was inducted into the National College Baseball Hall of Fame. Playing career 1988 Olympics Martinez, along with other future Major Leaguers Jim Abbott and Robin Ventura, won a gold medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, the seventh time that baseball was part of the Olympic Games and its last year as a demonstration sport. In the final game, Martinez belted two homers and drove in four runs and Abbott pitched a complete game, leading the USA to a 5-3 win. Seattle Mariners (1990–1995) The Seattle Mariners drafted Martinez in . Martinez began his career playing under Lou Piniella, who had also grown up in the West Tampa neighborhood and knew his uncle and mother. Martinez had several mediocre seasons, but broke out in when he drove in 111 runs, hit 31 home runs and batted .293. The Mariners clinched the AL West and went on to play in the first season of divisional post season play against the New York Yankees. New York Yankees (1996–2001) Following that season, the New York Yankees acquired Martinez, along with Jeff Nelson and Jim Mecir, for Sterling Hitchcock and Russ Davis. Before the trade was finalized, Martinez and the Yankees agreed to a five-year, $20.25 million contract extension. Martinez succeeded Don Mattingly as the Yankees' starting first baseman. Martinez helped lead the New York Yankees to World Series championships in , , , and . He also won the Home Run Derby in 1997. Martinez hit two memorable home runs as a Yankee in the World Series. The first came off Mark Langston in Game 1 of the 1998 Series. The Yankees had tied the game earlier in the inning with a Chuck Knoblauch 3-run home run. The following three batters got on base, and Martinez came to the plate. After taking a very close ball 3, he hit a grand slam into the upper deck on a 3-2 count, giving the Yankees a four-run lead. The second came on October 31, 2001. With two outs in the 9th inning and the Yankees trailing by two runs, Martinez came to the plate with a runner on. He hit a home run to right center off Arizona Diamondbacks closer Byung-hyun Kim. The feat was repeated the following night by Scott Brosius. However, the Yankees would lose Games 6 and 7 and thus the series. His best season statistically came in , when he was second in the American League in home runs and RBI (with 44 and 141 respectively), and finished second in AL Most Valuable Player voting. On May 19, 1998, he was hit in the upper back by Baltimore Orioles pitcher Armando Benítez, which resulted in a huge brawl between the two teams. In the 2001 World Series, Martinez's Yankees faced off against the Arizona Diamondbacks. The series went to Game 7, which Arizona won when Luis Gonzalez, Martinez's best friend, hit a game-winning single off Yankee closer Mariano Rivera in the bottom of the 9th inning. Gonzalez later recalled that when he went back home to check his answering machine, the first message of congratulations was from Martinez. During most of his time with the Yankees, Martinez resided in Tenafly, New Jersey. St. Louis Cardinals (2002–2003) After the season when the Yankees elected to sign Jason Giambi, Martinez went on to play for the St. Louis Cardinals for two seasons, once again replacing an aging legendary first baseman, Mark McGwire. His production during these three years declined, and he went through several prolonged slumps. One of his most memorable moments during this tenure with the Cardinals came when he returned to Yankee Stadium during a series in 2003. An emotional Martinez was driven to tears when he went to bat as he was given a standing ovation by the Yankee fans who appreciated the integral part he played during the team's last dynastic run. In the second game of the three game series, Martinez hit 2 home runs off former teammate Andy Pettitte to a loud thunderous ovation both times. The Yankee fans cheered him for a curtain call, a rare occurrence in honor of a visiting team's player. Tampa Bay Devil Rays (2004) After the season, the Cardinals decided to have Albert Pujols switch from left field to first base, and they traded Martinez to the Tampa Bay Devil Rays, where he was reunited with Lou Pinella. Martinez hit 23 home runs while serving as a mentor for the team's many young players. His family lived just minutes from the Tropicana Field and he was popular with Devil Rays fans. Prior to the 2004 Summer Olympics, the host nation, Greece, trying to build up their chances of winning a medal, decided to put together a team of North American baseball players of Greek heritage. Martinez, having some Greek ancestry, was approached by the Greek Olympic team manager, Rob Derksen, and asked to play for the host nation. Martinez, along with fellow MLB players Eric Karros and Aaron Miles, declined the offer because the games were in the midst of the Major League Baseball season. Second stint with the New York Yankees (2005) Martinez returned for a second tour of duty with the Yankees for the 2005 season. From May 7, 2005 to May 11, 2005, Martinez hit 5 home runs in 5 straight games, which is one more than his previous record set from June 27, 2001 to July 1, 2001. While held homer-less on May 12, 2005, Martinez hit two homers on May 15 to give him 8 HR in 8 games. On November 8, 2005, the Yankees declined their $3 million option on Martinez, making him a free agent. On Wednesday February 15, 2006 he officially decided to end his playing career. Martinez confirmed the decision in the St. Petersburg Times, telling the paper that he will begin his broadcasting career at ESPN. Martinez said that the offer from ESPN made his decision to retire a lot easier, as he would work on Baseball Tonight, do some radio work, and broadcast a few games. In his 16-year Major League career, Martinez hit .271 with 339 home runs and 1,271 RBI. During his seven years with the Yankees, he hit 192 home runs and drove in 739 runs. Coaching and broadcasting In 2008, Martinez agreed to be a special instructor for the Yankees to help their first basemen with defensive skills. After Spring training, he was named Special Assistant to the General Manager. Starting in Spring training 2010, Martinez became a color commentator for the YES Network, replacing the departed David Cone. He made his regular season debut on April 9, 2010, when he called a game between the Yankees and the Rays that was coincidentally played back in his home area of Tampa Bay. Martinez was named the hitting coach for the Miami Marlins for the 2013 season, replacing Eduardo Pérez. On July 28, 2013, Martinez resigned from the position amid allegations of physically abusing Derek Dietrich several months before the resignation. Martinez's behavior in the clubhouse was reported to include verbal attacks towards the Marlins' Justin Ruggiano and Chris Valaika, along with minor league player Matt Downs. Life outside Major League Baseball Martinez has been married to Marie Prado since 1991. They have three children: Olivia, Tino, Jr. (TJ), and Victoria. The family currently resides in West Tampa. The premiere of Yankeeography: Tino Martinez appeared in early May 2006, on the YES Network. On April 2, 2007, Martinez received the 2007 Pride of The Yankees Award at the New York Yankees Homecoming Banquet. In 2008, during the final season of the old Yankee Stadium, Martinez participated in his first Old Timers' Day. In a Yankees vs. Orioles preseason game on March 14, 2010, it was mentioned by Yankees play-by-play announcer, Michael Kay, that Martinez is a fan of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Martinez also participates annually in the Derek Jeter Celebrity Invitational (DJCI) golf tournament in Tampa. Martinez, who left the University of Tampa after his junior year to pursue professional baseball, received a bachelor's degree at UT in liberal studies on May 7, 2011. Martinez participated in the Yankees' 2011 Old Timers' Day on June 26, 2011. He has returned several more times. The Yankees honored Martinez with a plaque in Monument Park on June 21, 2014. Martinez was also present at a ceremony for former teammate Derek Jeter to have his number 2 retired on May 14, 2017. Martinez currently works as a realtor for ProCorp Realty, Inc. See also List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders List of Major League Baseball career runs scored leaders List of Major League Baseball career runs batted in leaders Notes External links 1967 births Living people American expatriate baseball players in Canada American League All-Stars American people of Greek descent American people of Cuban descent Baseball players at the 1987 Pan American Games Baseball players at the 1988 Summer Olympics Baseball coaches from Florida Baseball players from Tampa, Florida Calgary Cannons players National College Baseball Hall of Fame inductees Falmouth Commodores players Florida Republicans Major League Baseball first basemen Major League Baseball hitting coaches Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics Miami Marlins coaches New York Yankees announcers New York Yankees executives New York Yankees players Olympic gold medalists for the United States in baseball Pacific Coast League MVP award winners Pan American Games medalists in baseball Pan American Games silver medalists for the United States People from Tenafly, New Jersey Seattle Mariners players Silver Slugger Award winners St. Louis Cardinals players Tampa Bay Devil Rays players Tampa Spartans baseball players Thomas Jefferson High School (Tampa, Florida) alumni United States national baseball team people Williamsport Bills players YES Network Medalists at the 1987 Pan American Games

884845

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Williams%20Gunnison

John Williams Gunnison

John Williams Gunnison (November 11, 1812 – October 26, 1853) was an American military officer and explorer. Biography Gunnison was born in Goshen, New Hampshire, in 1812 and attended Hopkinton Academy in Hopkinton, New Hampshire. He graduated from West Point in 1837, second in his class of fifty cadets. His military career began as an artillery officer in Florida, where he spent a year in the campaign against the Seminoles. Due to his poor health he was reassigned to the Corps of Topographical Engineers the next year. Initially he explored unknown areas of Florida, searching for provision routes. However, his health soon forced him out of Florida entirely. From 1841-1849 Gunnison explored the area around the Great Lakes. He surveyed the border between Wisconsin and Michigan, the western coast of Lake Michigan, and the coast of Lake Erie. On May 9, 1846, he was promoted to first lieutenant. In the spring of 1849 Gunnison was assigned as second in command of the Howard Stansbury expedition to explore and survey the valley of the Great Salt Lake. That winter was particularly heavy and the expedition was unable to leave the valley. Gunnison took the opportunity to befriend some Mormons and study the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. When he finally returned to Washington, DC, he wrote a book titled The Mormons or Latter-Day Saints, in the Valley of the Great Salt Lake: A History of Their Rise and Progress, Peculiar Doctrines, Present Condition. Gunnison returned to the Great Lakes from 1851–1853, mapping the Green Bay area, and was promoted to captain on March 3, 1853. Gunnison–Beckwith expedition On May 3, 1853, he received orders to take charge of an expedition to survey a route for a Pacific railroad between the 38th and 39th parallels. The surveying party left St. Louis, Missouri, in June 1853 and arrived by mid-October in Manti, Utah Territory. In Utah Territory, with Lieutenant E. G. Beckwith as assistant commander, Gunnison began the survey of a possible route, surveying areas across the Rocky Mountains via the Huerfano River, through Cochetopa Pass, and by way of the present Gunnison and Green rivers to the Sevier River. His journey took him through the Tomichi Valley in Colorado, where the town of Gunnison is named in his honor. After crossing the Tomichi Valley, the survey team encountered the Black Canyon, carved by the Gunnison River which was also named in his honor. The team was forced to turn south to get around the canyon. Attack and massacre The weather was beginning to turn "cold and raw" with snow flurries, and Captain Gunnison sought to speed up mapping before returning to winter quarters. Several miles upstream of Sevier Lake (about the site of the present Gunnison Bend Reservoir), the team was divided into two detachments. Gunnison and his party of 11 men moved downstream, while the other party moved upstream. On the morning of October 26, 1853, Gunnison's party was attacked by a band of Pahvants (Ute). In the resulting massacre, Gunnison and seven of his men were killed. Several survivors of the attack alerted the other detachment of the survey team, who rode to aid Gunnison and his party. An additional survivor of the attack and the bodies of the victims were retrieved later that day. The remains of the eight dead were found in a mutilated state. Killed with Gunnison were Richard H. Kern (topographer and artist), F. Creuzfeldt (botanist), Wiliam Potter (a Mormon guide), Private Caulfield, Private Liptoote, Private Mehreens, and John Bellows (camp roustabout). The site of the massacre was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. Investigations and allegations Most contemporary accounts of the massacre maintain that the Mormons warned Gunnison that his party might be in danger from local bands of Pahvant Utes. It seems that Gunnison had entered Utah in the midst of the Walker War, a sometimes bloody conflict between the Mormons and the Ute Chief Walkara. Indeed, Lt. Beckwith later wrote that the expedition found the local Mormons "all gathered into a village for mutal protection against the Utah Indians." But after the killings, rumors circulated that the Pahvants involved in the massacre were acting under the direction of Brigham Young and an alleged secret militia known as the Danites. Some claim that leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints were initially concerned that the railway would increase the influx of non-Mormon settlers and non-Mormon economic concerns into the territory. However, the Utah Legislature (dominated by LDS officials) had repeatedly petitioned Congress for both a transcontinental railroad and telegraph lines to pass through the region. Indeed, when the railroad finally came to Utah, LDS leaders organized cadres of Mormon workers to build the railway, welcoming the income for the economically depressed community. Martha Gunnison, widow of Captain Gunnison, was one of those who maintained that the attack was planned and orchestrated by militant Mormons under the direction of Brigham Young. Gunnison's letters to his wife throughout the expedition left her with the impression that "the Mormons were the directors of my husband's murder." She wrote to Associate Justice W.W. Drummond, the 1855 federal appointee to the Supreme Court of the Territory of Utah. She received confirmation of this belief in his response to her letter. Drummond drew this conclusion from informant and witness testimonies in several trials after the murders. He cited numerous reports by whites and natives of white attackers dressed up as Indians during the massacre. In 1854 Lieutenant Colonel Edward Steptoe was sent by the War Department to investigate the attack and determine the truth of rumors that Mormons had colluded with the Indians in the ambush. As a result of his investigation eight Ute Indians were charged and tried for the attack. Three were convicted of manslaughter. He did not uncover evidence of Mormon involvement. Lt. Beckwith also concluded that the Mormons had nothing to do with the attack and that the Pahvants acted alone. He wrote in his official report that the "statement which has from time to time appeared (or been copied) in various newspapers...charging the Mormons or Mormon authorities with instigating the Indians to, if not actually aiding them in, the murder of Captain Gunnison and his associates, is, I believe, not only entirely false, but there is no accidental circumstance connected with it affording the slightest foundation for such a charge." Nevertheless, the Gunnison Massacre resulted in much controversy and added additional strain to the relationship between Governor Brigham Young of the Utah Territory and the federal government. This incident contributed to tensions eventually leading to the Utah War, wherein President Buchanan sent the U.S. Army to the Utah Territory in order to stop a reported Mormon insurrection. Legacy The Capt. John Gunnison House in Goshen, New Hampshire, has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Gunnison is featured on a New Hampshire historical marker (number 140) along New Hampshire Route 10 in Goshen. Several places have been named in honor of him: The city of Gunnison, Utah The city of Gunnison, Colorado The Gunnison River in Colorado, and by extension Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park, the Gunnison Basin, and the Gunnison grouse. Gunnison County, Colorado Gunnison National Forest Gunnison Reservoir in central Utah Gunnison Island in the Great Salt Lake Gunnison Lake in Goshen, New Hampshire Battery Gunnison, a six-inch rapid-fire disappearing gun coastal artillery battery built in 1902 at Fort Hancock, New Jersey. It served in protecting New York Harbor from 1904 to 1948, and is undergoing restoration to its 1940s configuration. Gunnison Beach, a beach within the Sandy Hook unit of the Fort Hancock and the Sandy Hook Proving Ground Historic District which is the Sandy Hook Unit of Gateway National Recreation Area, on the Atlantic coast of New Jersey. Gunnison's prairie dog Publications (Housed at the Huntington Library in San Marino, California) (Housed at the Wisconsin Historical Society in Madison, Wisconsin, on the campus of the University of Wisconsin–Madison ) (Housed at the University of California, Berkeley Library in Berkeley, California) References References External links Gunnison Massacre Site (Great Basin National Heritage Route) 1812 births 1853 deaths People from Sullivan County, New Hampshire American explorers People of pre-statehood Utah United States Army Corps of Topographical Engineers United States Army officers United States Military Academy alumni People murdered in Utah Male murder victims

887086

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Smith%20%28comics%29

Paul Smith (comics)

Paul Smith (born September 4, 1953) is an American comic book artist, known for his work on The Uncanny X-Men, X-Factor, American Flagg!, Nexus, GrimJack and his creator-owned book, Leave It to Chance. During his 1983 run on The Uncanny X-Men, Smith's work on issue 173 of that series would prove influential in two ways: It featured the debut of the punk look for the X-Men leader Storm, and Smith's cover of that issue would influence both a latter comic book cover and a best-selling poster and retailer standee by artist Arthur Adams. Early life Smith was born in Kansas City, Missouri, but only lived there three days. His father was a U.S. Naval aviator, and the family moved several times during his childhood. As a young comics fan, Smith particularly admired the work of Steve Ditko on The Amazing Spider-Man and Neal Adams on Batman. Career Smith had no formal art training aside from some courses in airbrushing. He began his career as an animation artist on Ralph Bakshi's The Lord of the Rings. In the early 1980s, he filled in on a variety of Marvel Comics titles, including Marvel Fanfare #4, cover dated September 1982, doing the final chapter of an X-Men story. He became the regular artist on Doctor Strange starting with issue #56, cover dated December 1982, but left after just two issues so that he could work on The Uncanny X-Men. Marvel entered into an agreement with Smith for him to take over the art duties from Dave Cockrum on The Uncanny X-Men, then the biggest selling US comics series, for one year. Smith had emigrated to the East Coast with dreams of drawing Spider-Man and Conan, and realized that his performance on X-Men would determine the future of his career. During his run on the series, which lasted from issue #165 – #175, he designed the punk look, complete with black leather outfit and mohawk haircut, for the X-Men leader Storm that debuted in Uncanny X-Men #173 (October 1983). The change in appearance was inspired by the decision of colleague Walt Simonson to shave off his beard and mustache while on vacation with his wife, X-Men editor Louise Simonson. Upon their return, Simonson's daughter, Julie, upset at her father's new appearance, ran from the room, a reaction that would be mirrored in X-Man Kitty Pryde's reaction to Storm's new appearance. When the book's editors decided to change Storm's appearance, Smith submitted a number of designs to them, explaining in a 2008 interview: I did a number of portraits, all quite lovely and feminine. As a joke, I included a shot of her as Mr. T. You know, the kind of shot where they HAVE to go the other way. Weezie [X-Men editor Louise Simonson]'s response? 'They’re going to hang us whichever way we go. Let's commit the murder.' I argued it was a joke and a monstrously bad idea but, given my departure following 175 was set prior to beginning my run, my vote didn’t count. So I did what I could with what I had left... So we went with the Mohawk ...But once you get into the whole leather and stud thing it was a bad joke that got way out of hand. Smith's cover for issue #173 would prove influential. When editing the 1985 anthology book Heroes for Hope, which was intended to benefit famine relief in Africa, editor Ann Nocenti asked artist Arthur Adams to pattern his cover of that book after Smith's illustration. This in turn prompted Bob Budiansky to have Adams produce a Wolverine poster with the same type of pose. The image, inked by Terry Austin, became not only a bestselling poster, but an iconic life-size standee for comics shops. Smith's splash page for issue #168, of Kitty Pryde in a ski jacket sharply turning towards the reader, has been the subject of numerous homages and imitations. He also drew the X-Men / Alpha Flight limited series during his run, though it would not be published until later. A few months after leaving The Uncanny X-Men, Smith returned as the regular artist on Doctor Strange. He worked on that series from #65 to #73, drawing seven of those issues. Smith's brief run on X-Men was distinguished by its smooth rendering and minimum of line, and most of it was later reprinted in the From The Ashes trade paperback. Eventually his entire X-Men run was reprinted in Essential X-Men Vol. 4. He bookended the Marvel Fanfare series, pencilling a short Daredevil story in issue #1, and writing, drawing and lettering a sequel to that Daredevil tale in #60, the final issue of the book. Smith had a brief stint on the X-Men spin-off X-Factor. Over the subsequent years Smith would return numerous times to work on various books of the X-Men franchise. His other works include The Golden Age and the young adults comic Leave It to Chance, both collaborations with writer James Robinson. Smith has also contributed art to a number of First Comics titles including American Flagg!, Nexus, and GrimJack. In 2005 Smith drew the Kitty Pryde: Shadow and Flame limited series written by Akira Yoshida. Selected interior comics work Amazing High Adventure 2 (Marvel Comics) American Flagg! 47, 48 (First Comics) Batman Annual 9 (DC Comics) Bizarre Adventures 34 (Marvel Comics) Buck Rogers 1 (TSR) Code Name: Danger 3 Doctor Strange 54, 56, 65, 66, 68, 69, 71–73 (Marvel Comics) The Falcon 1 (Marvel Comics) The Golden Age 1–4 (DC Comics) GrimJack 24 (First Comics) Hero Alliance Annual 1 (Innovation Publishing) Howard the Duck 32 (Marvel Comics) Iron Lantern 1 (Amalgam Comics) Iron Man 159, 245, Annual 10 (Marvel Comics) Leave It To Chance 1–13 (Image Comics) Magnus Robot Fighter Yearbook 1 (Valiant Comics) Marvels Comics Fantastic Four 1 (Marvel Comics) Marvel Fanfare 1, 4, 32, 45, 60 (Marvel Comics) Nexus 37, 38, 43, 44, 49, 51–55 The Spirit 17–21 (DC Comics) Starman 69 (DC Comics) Sun Runners 2–4 (Eclipse Comics) Uncanny X-Men 165–170, 172–175, 278 (Marvel Comics) Wild Times; Grifter 1 (WildStorm) X-Factor 43–46, 48, 49 (Marvel Comics) X-Men and Alpha Flight 1, 2 (Marvel Comics) X-Men Forever 6, 10 (Marvel Comics) References General references Thompson, Kim (June 1982). "Maidens, Mutants, and Mages: Paul Smith Climbs the Stairway to Stardom . . . Ten Steps at a Time!" Amazing Heroes #12 Inline citations External links Paul Smith on marvel.com Paul Smith's website 1953 births Living people American comics artists

890515

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel%20Freeman%20Miller

Samuel Freeman Miller

Samuel Freeman Miller (April 5, 1816 – October 13, 1890) was an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court who served from 1862 to 1890. He was a physician and lawyer. Early life, education, and medical career Born in Richmond, Kentucky, Miller was the son of yeoman farmer Frederick Miller and his wife Patsy. He earned a medical degree in 1838 from Transylvania University in Lexington, Kentucky. While practicing medicine for a decade in Barbourville, Kentucky, he studied the law on his own and was admitted to the bar in 1847. Favoring the abolition of slavery, which was prevalent in Kentucky, he supported the Whigs in Kentucky. Career In 1850, Miller moved to Keokuk, Iowa, which was a state more amenable to his views on slavery, and he immediately freed his few slaves who had come with his family from Kentucky. Active in Iowa politics, he supported Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 election. Lincoln nominated Miller to the Supreme Court on July 16, 1862. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate that same day, and was sworn into office on July 21. His opinions strongly favored Lincoln's positions, and he upheld his wartime suspension of habeas corpus and trials by military commission. After the war, his narrow reading of the Fourteenth Amendment—he wrote the opinion in the 1873 Slaughterhouse Cases—limited the effectiveness of the amendment. Miller wrote the majority opinion in Bradwell v. Illinois, which held that the right to practice law was not constitutionally protected under the Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. He later joined the majority opinions in United States v. Cruikshank and the Civil Rights Cases, holding that the amendment did not give the U.S. government the power to stop private—as opposed to state-sponsored—discrimination against blacks. In Ex Parte Yarbrough, 110 U.S. 651 (1884), however, Miller held that the federal government had broad authority to act to protect black voters from violence by the Ku Klux Klan and other private groups. Miller also supported the use of broad federal power under the Commerce Clause to override state regulations, as in Wabash v. Illinois. Justice Miller wrote 616 opinions in his 28 years on the Court; Justice Field (whose 34 year SCOTUS tenure mostly overlapped Miller's) wrote 544 opinions; Chief Justice Marshall wrote 508 opinions in his 33 years on the Court, leading future Chief Justice William Rehnquist to describe him as "very likely the dominant figure" on the Court in his time. When Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase died in 1873, attorneys and law journals across the country lobbied for Miller to be appointed to succeed him, but President Ulysses Grant was determined to appoint an outsider; he ultimately chose Morrison Waite. In his tribute to Miller delivered in Portland, Oregon, on October 16, 1890, George Henry Williams stated his support of Miller in detailing his interactions with President Ulysses S. Grant about Chase's replacement. After the 1876 presidential election between Rutherford Hayes and Samuel Tilden, Miller served on the electoral commission that awarded the disputed electoral votes to the Republican Hayes. In the 1880s, his name was floated as a Republican candidate for president. In the winter of 1889 and spring of 1890, Justice Miller delivered a series of ten lectures on constitutional law at the National University School of Law in Washington, D.C. They were published posthumously, along with two earlier lectures delivered in 1887. Personal Miller, a religious liberal, belonged to the Unitarian Church and served as President of the Unitarians' National Conference. He died in Washington, D.C., while still a member of the Court. Following his death in 1890, his funeral was held at Keokuk's First Unitarian Church; Miller had been one of the congregation's founders. He is buried at Oakland Cemetery in Keokuk, Iowa. Miller's first wife was Lucy Love Ballinger Miller (1827 – 1854) whom he married in 1842, and with whom he had three daughters. In 1856, he married Eliza Winter Reeves (1827 – 1900), with whom he had a son and daughter. The second of his five children, Patty Miller Stocking, as an adult wrote and published letters on European travel. List of most notable opinions Watson v. Jones, 80 U.S. 679 (1871) The Slaughter-House Cases, 83 U.S. 36 (1873) Murdock v. Memphis, 87 U.S. 20 Wall. 590 590 (1874) United States v. Kagama, 118 U.S. 375 (1886) In re Neagle, 135 U.S. 1 (1890) In re Burrus, 136 U.S. 586 (1890) See also Justice Samuel Freeman Miller House, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States References Further reading Ross, Michael A.(1997), "Hill Country Doctor: The Early Life and Career of Supreme Court Justice Samuel F. Miller in Kentucky, 1816-1849," The Filson History Quarterly, Vol. 71 (October): 430–446. External links 1816 births 1890 deaths 19th-century American judges Physicians from Kentucky American Unitarians Iowa Republicans Kentucky Whigs 19th-century American politicians People from Keokuk, Iowa People from Richmond, Kentucky People of Iowa in the American Civil War Transylvania University alumni United States federal judges appointed by Abraham Lincoln Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States

891397

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Seymour%20%28California%20politician%29

John Seymour (California politician)

John Francis Seymour Jr. (born December 3, 1937) is an American retired politician who served as a United States Senator from California from 1991 to 1992. A member of the Republican Party, he was appointed to continue Pete Wilson's term but lost the special election to finish it to Democratic candidate and former San Francisco Mayor Dianne Feinstein. As of 2021, he is the last member of the Republican Party to serve as a U.S. Senator from California. Seymour was also the last U.S. Senator from Southern California until Alex Padilla took office on January 20, 2021, replacing Kamala Harris when she was inaugurated as Vice President of the United States. Life and career Born in Chicago, Seymour attended public schools in Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania. He served in the United States Marine Corps from 1955 to 1959 and graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1962. Seymour was the President of the California Association of Realtors from 1978 to 1982, and worked in the real estate business from 1962 to 1981. Seymour served Anaheim as a member of its city council from 1974 to 1978, as the 39th Mayor of Anaheim from 1978 to 1982, and as a State Senator from 1982 to 1991. In the California Senate, he voted to ban assault weapons, to outlaw discrimination against people with AIDS, and to increase spending for social programs including education and mental health benefits. As Mayor of Anaheim, Seymour was instrumental in recruiting the Los Angeles Rams to move to Anaheim Stadium. In 1991, Seymour was appointed to the U.S. Senate by Governor Pete Wilson to serve in the seat Wilson had vacated to become governor. Seymour's appointment lasted until the 1992 special election to select a replacement who would serve until the normal expiration of Wilson's term in 1995. Former San Francisco Mayor Dianne Feinstein defeated Seymour in the special election. After his Senate term, Seymour served as director of the California Housing Finance Agency for two years, and later served as CEO of the nonprofit Southern California Housing Development Corporation and on the boards of directors of several housing-related companies including IndyMac Bank, Orange Coast Title Insurance, Los Angeles Federal Savings Bank, and Irvine Apartment Communities. Seymour currently lives in San Marcos, California. See also List of United States senators from California List of mayors of Anaheim, California References Retrieved on 2008-03-31 External links Join California John Seymour 1937 births Living people California Republicans California state senators Mayors of Anaheim, California Military personnel from Illinois People from Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania Politicians from Chicago United States Marines United States senators from California Republican Party United States senators 20th-century American politicians

896426

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Clarke%20%28cricketer%29

Michael Clarke (cricketer)

Michael John Clarke (born 2 April 1981) is an Australian former cricketer. He was captain of the Australian cricket team in both Test and One Day International (ODI) between 2011 and 2015, leading Australia to victory in the 2015 Cricket World Cup. He also served as captain of the Twenty20 International (T20I) side between 2007 and 2010. He is regarded as one of the best batsmen of his generation. Nicknamed "Pup", Clarke was a right-handed middle-order batsman, an occasional left-arm orthodox spin bowler and also a slip catcher. He represented New South Wales at a domestic level. Clarke retired from all forms of cricket after the final Test of the 2015 Ashes series. Early life Clarke was born and raised in Liverpool, New South Wales. He attended Marsden Road Public School and cultivated his batting skills at his father's indoor cricket centre in Liverpool after school. His junior club was the Western Suburbs District Cricket Club. Domestic career Clarke made his first-class debut for New South Wales as a seventeen-year-old in a game against the touring Indian side at the Sydney Cricket Ground in December 1999. He was an AIS Australian Cricket Academy scholarship holder in 1999–2000. In 2002, Clarke played for Ramsbottom Cricket Club in English club cricket. He became the first player to hit a double century in the history of the Lancashire League. On 1 May 2012, Clarke made his debut in the Indian Premier League for Pune Warriors India. In 2013, Clarke was named captain of the Sydney Thunder in Australia's Twenty20 Big Bash League; however, due to injury and international team commitments, he never actually played a game for the Thunder. International career Early years Clarke made his One Day International debut in January 2003 against England at Adelaide and his Test debut for Australia in October 2004 against India. He was chosen to make his Test debut against India at Bangalore, in October 5 to 9, 2004, despite having a first-class average below 40. He succeeded on debut, scoring 151 and consequently helping Australia to victory, invoking comparisons to past Australian batsmen such as Doug Walters and Mark Waugh. The innings, felt Peter Roebuck, was especially notable for its aggression and freedom. "Not that the assault was reckless," he added. "Indeed the control was impressive. Clarke calculated the risks and took his brains with him down the track. Of course he need a bit of luck, was plumb in front in the nineties, but few begrudged him his hundred. And everyone except his weary foes celebrated with him and his tearful family when he reached three figures. After all, he had advanced both the match and the game." Clarke went on to play a major part leading both the batting and bowling averages for the series in Australia's 2–1 series victory, their first in India in over thirty years, contributing figures of 6 for 9 off 6.2 overs in the fourth Test, which Australia lost. On his return to Australia he made another debut century, his first home Test in Brisbane against New Zealand, becoming one of the few Test cricketers to have achieved the feat of Test centuries on both their home and away debuts. In recognition of his performance in the 2004 calendar year, he was awarded the Allan Border Medal in 2005. Clarke's poor form during the 2005 Ashes series and his failure to score a Test century for over a year saw him dropped from the Test team in late 2005. Clarke had previously remarked that one of his career aims was to never be dropped from the Test team. As a child, Clarke said in a biography that he was a natural lefty who switched to bat right handed, the same as his father. Golden comeback In early 2006, after making his first first-class double century and scoring heavily in ODIs, Clarke was recalled for the tour of South Africa. He was then picked over Andrew Symonds for the April 2006 Tests against Bangladesh. Against England, two consecutive centuries in the second and third Ashes Tests while Shane Watson was injured helped Australia to regain the Ashes and cemented Clarke's position in the Test team. Clarke then helped Australia retain the 2007 Cricket World Cup in the West Indies where they did not lose a game. After Damien Martyn's retirement he was elevated to number five in the batting line up. He had a superb tournament making four 50s including a 92 and a 93* against the Netherlands and South Africa. He also made an unbeaten 60 against South Africa in the semi-final to guide Australia into the final at Barbados, against Sri Lanka. He was named as 12th man in the 'Team of the Tournament' by Cricinfo for the 2007 World Cup. Struggle in form Clarke faced only four balls for three runs in the ICC World Twenty20, when Australia were knocked out by India in the semi-final. Two weeks later he made 130 against India in the first of a seven-match ODI series. He did not maintain that form in the remaining 6 matches mustering up just one fifty. He opened the batting in the final two games after a hip injury ruled out Matthew Hayden and he made two golden ducks. In the tour-ending Twenty20 match Clarke dropped back down the order with the return of Hayden, and scored 25 not out in a heavy defeat. On 9 November 2007, Clarke notched up his fifth Test century against Sri Lanka in a two Test series. Clarke shared a 245 run partnership with Mike Hussey at the Gabba in Brisbane, Hussey departed on 133 but Clarke went on and had a partnership with Symonds who made 53*, the pair were unbeaten when Ricky Ponting declared the innings, Clarke top scoring with 145 not out. On 6 January 2008, Clarke dismissed Harbhajan Singh, RP Singh and Ishant Sharma in the second last over of the day, with just six minutes remaining, to claim the final three wickets and win the Test match for Australia (at one stage he was on a hat trick, dismissing Harbhajan Singh and RP Singh on consecutive deliveries). His innings figures were 3 for 5 in 1.5 overs. Australian captain Ricky Ponting had declared that morning, setting India a total of 333 to chase and allowing Australia arguably too little time to bowl out the visitors. Clarke's wickets ensured that Australia retained the Border-Gavaskar Trophy in 2008 and kept their world record equalling 16 match win streak alive. Vice captaincy After the retirement of Adam Gilchrist, in April 2008 Clarke was named vice-captain of the Australian side. Clarke missed the start of Australia's 2008 tour of the West Indies following the death of Bingle's father, meaning Hussey took over as vice-captain for the start of the tour. Soon after Clarke joined up with the squad, he scored a century in the second Test in Antigua, going on to captain the side in the final two One Day Internationals, both of which were won, in the absence through injury of Ponting. He was named man of the series in the two-Test series against New Zealand in Australia with scores of 110, 98 and 10, as well as being the top run-scorer in the three-Test series against South Africa in Australia. Clarke won the 2009 Allan Border Medal in a tie with Ricky Ponting both scoring 41 points, and was named Test Cricketer of the Year. For his performances in 2009, he was named in the World Test XI by the ICC. Captaincy On 5 December 2007, Cricket Australia named Clarke as captain of Australia for their one-off Twenty20 game against New Zealand in Perth, after deciding to rest Ponting and Hayden. Clarke was named as captain of Australia's Twenty20 side in October 2009, taking over from Ricky Ponting, who retired from Twenty20 International cricket to prolong his career. In January 2011, Clarke was named as stand-in captain for the fifth Test of the 2010-11 Ashes Series at the SCG, replacing the injured Ricky Ponting. He announced his retirement from Twenty20 International cricket on 7 January 2011, to concentrate on the longer forms of the game. When Ponting stood down from the captaincy of the Australian Test and ODI sides after the 2011 World Cup, Clarke was appointed as his permanent replacement in both roles. His knock of 151 against South Africa at Cape Town was nominated to be one of the best Test batting performance of the year 2011 by ESPNCricinfo. In January 2012, in the second Test of Australia's home series against India and after a string of Test centuries since becoming captain, Clarke became the first Australian batsman since Matthew Hayden in 2003 to score a triple hundred. He joined with Ricky Ponting (134) in a partnership of 288, then added 334 with Michael Hussey (150*) before declaring on 329*, having started his innings with the score at 37/3. This match against India was the 100th Test to be played at the Sydney Cricket Ground, and Clarke's score was both the highest ever made in an Australia-India Test (surpassing V. V. S. Laxman's 281 from the 2000/01 season) and the highest ever achieved at the ground. The ground high score record had been held for more than a century by Englishman Reg "Tip" Foster's 287 scored in the 1903/04 season. Clarke led Australia to a 4–0 win and was named the player of the series, having scored 626 runs at an average of 125.20. His knock was nominated to be one of the best Test batting performance of the year by ESPNCricinfo. He joined his triple century in Sydney with a double-century (210) in the first innings of the fourth Test in Adelaide. His 386-run partnership with Ponting (who scored 221) was the fourth-highest in Australian Test history. Following the Frank Worrell Trophy 2012, Ian Chappell said Clarke "is quickly establishing a well-deserved reputation for brave and aggressive captaincy. His entertaining approach is based on one premise: trying to win the match from the opening delivery. This should be the aim of all international captains, but sadly it isn't." On 22 November 2012, Clarke scored a double century against South Africa at the Adelaide Oval. Three weeks before the 2013 Ashes series, Clarke requested to stand down from his role as a selector, which also coincided with the sacking of coach Mickey Arthur and the naming of Darren Lehmann as his successor. After losing the 2013 Ashes in England, Clarke led Australia to a 5–0 victory in the 2013–14 Ashes series. Australia later gained the No. 1 Test ranking from South Africa after a long span of 4 years and 9 months (from August 2009 to April 2014), when Australia defeated South Africa 2–1 in a 3 match Test series, during Australia's tour of South Africa in 2014. Under his captaincy, Australia made their lowest Test score (47 all out) in 109 years, and shortest first innings (18.3 overs, 60 all out) in Test cricket history, and their worst-ever series defeat against India in Test history, which is also the first 4–0 whitewash for Australia against any side since 1969. Several of his teammates have criticised his captaincy. Mitchell Johnson described the team atmosphere as 'toxic' under his captaincy, while Michael Hussey described the dressing room was stressful and tense. Several former players including John Buchanan Andrew Symonds, Matthew Hayden, and Simon Katich spoke against his captaincy. Late career Clarke had been struggling with injuries in 2014, and it was evident with the loss against Zimbabwe in the triangular series, after which he returned home for treatment having aggravated his hamstring injury. Later in the year, during the first Test in Adelaide Oval on the first Test since the death of Phillip Hughes, Clarke initially retired hurt at 60 after re-injuring his back, an issue he has had since his teenage years, then returned to score 128 on the first innings, but he went off the field again after tearing his right hamstring while fielding on the fifth day. After the win, Clarke has hinted that his cricketing career may be over after he ruled himself out for the rest of the series. Steve Smith was appointed as the next captain for the remainder of the series against India. On 24 December 2014, Clarke joined Channel Nine's commentary team for the Boxing Day Test. Clarke captained the Australian team for 2015 Cricket World Cup. Clarke starred in the final against New Zealand, top scoring with a score of 74 off 72 balls, as Australia won their fifth World Cup title. He was bowled when nine runs were required to win and received a standing ovation from the 93,013 strong MCG crowd after his dismissal. Clarke announced that he would retire from One Day Cricket at the conclusion of the 2015 Cricket World Cup. Clarke played 244 ODIs, made 7907 runs at an average of 44.42 with 8 centuries and 58 half-centuries. He led his country in 73 matches, of which Australia won 49. Clarke announced that he would retire from all forms of cricket at the end of 2015 Ashes series after losing the 4th match and losing all of his away Ashes series as a player and captain. In the 5th match, where Australia gained a consolation win, it marked the first and only time where Clarke had enforced the follow-on. He would, however make his grade cricket return in February 2016. Clarke was unpopular with some members of the public. Some of the criticism revolves around his batting position at number five in Australia's Test line-up, with detractors accusing him of using much more inexperienced batsmen to protect him by having them bat higher up the order. Honours Clarke won the Allan Border Medal, considered to be the most prestigious individual prize in Australian cricket, four times, in 2005, 2009 (jointly with Ricky Ponting), 2012 and 2013. Only Ponting had won it as many times. He was also awarded the Men's Test Player of the Year at the Allan Border Medal ceremony by the CA in 2009, 2012, 2013 and 2014. He won the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy, thereby winning the Cricketer of the Year 2013 and also the Test Cricketer of the Year 2013. He was named as a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 2010 Wisden Cricketers' Almanack. He was named Wisden Leading Cricketer in the World for the year 2012 in 2013 Wisden Cricketers' Almanack. For his performances in 2012, he was named as captain of the World Test XI and ODI XI by the ICC. He was also named in the World Test XI by the ICC in 2013. He was also named in the Test XI of the year by Cricinfo for 2012 and 2013. In June 2020, Clarke was made an Officer of the Order of Australia in the Queen's Birthday Honours, "for distinguished service to cricket as a player at the national and international level, through leadership roles, and to the community." Three months later, he was inducted as a Cricket NSW Life Member. Career highlights Tests Clarke's debut Test score of 151 was made against India in Bangalore, 2004–05; He made 141 against New Zealand in November 2004 on his debut on home-soil at the Gabba (Brisbane, Australia), making him the only Australian to score a century on both home and away debuts. His best Test bowling figures of 6 for 9 (6.2 overs) came against India, Mumbai, 2004–05. His first Ashes century came in December 2006, when he hit 124 at the Adelaide Oval to help Australia to victory. He dismissed India's last three batsman in five balls on the fifth day of the 2nd Test against India on 6 January 2008. He won Australian Man of the Series in the 2009 Ashes Series. He was nominated by England team director Andy Flower for his "excellent batting". He was named full-time one-day and Test captain of Australia on 29 March 2011. Clarke's highest Test batting score of 329* was made on 5 January 2012 against India. This is the highest Test match batting score at the Sydney Cricket Ground, and the fourth best Test match batting score of all time by an Australian. Michael Clarke set the record for the highest Test score by any batsman in Test history when batting at number 5 position (329*) and also he was only the second triple centurion at number 5 position after Donald Bradman Clarke made 210 in Adelaide, thereby joining Don Bradman and Wally Hammond as the only players to have made a triple century and a double century in the same series. Clarke's score of 259* made at the Gabba on 9 November 2012 against South Africa is the highest Test score at the ground. Clarke is the only Test batsman to reach four double centuries in a single calendar year, with a double century (230) at the Adelaide Oval on 22 November 2012. One-Day Internationals Clarke's highest ODI batting score of 130 was made against India, at M. Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore, 2007 He was the captain of Australia for the 2009 One Dayers as well as Twenty20 matches vs England He was named full-time one-day and Test captain of Australia on 29 March 2011. Career best performances Personal life Clarke dealt with chronic back pain throughout his career. He was first diagnosed at age of 17, when he was told he had degeneration in his disc. During the Australian Cricket tour of New Zealand in March 2010, Clarke left the tour to return to Sydney for "personal reasons". In a late night press conference on 12 March 2010, Clarke's management confirmed he and then-fiancée, model Lara Bingle (now Worthington), had decided to terminate their engagement. Speaking to GQ Australia in November 2010, Clarke said of his decision to leave the tour of New Zealand, "My decision that I made there, was what I thought was right. I respect playing for my country that much that I thought, if I'm going to let anybody down, I shouldn't be here — there's somebody else who could be doing a better job than me. Going home was the right decision at the time for me. I don't regret that decision." Clarke married business owner and model Kyly Boldy on 15 May 2012. The couple have one daughter and went to school together at Westfield Sports High School in Sydney. They announced their separation on 12 February 2020 and said that they had officially separated 5 months earlier. In 2020, Clarke dated fashion business owner Pip Edwards, but their relationship ended in early 2021. He was very close to former Australian Test opener Phil Hughes, and was distraught at the 25-year-old's unexpected death after being hit in the neck by a short-pitched delivery during a Sheffield Shield match at the SCG in November 2014. Clarke gave an emotional speech at Hughes's funeral. He requested Cricket Australia to retire Hughes's shirt number, 64, which was accepted. In 2016, Clarke published an autobiography, My Story. Between 2016 and 2018, Clarke was a cricket commentator for Nine's Wide World of Sports. In September 2019, Clarke had a skin cancer removed from his forehead. He was first diagnosed with skin cancer in 2006 and became an ambassador for the Cancer Council in 2010. In 2020, Clarke began co-hosting the Big Sports Breakfast radio show. References Further reading Roebuck, Peter. "Pup's a brand new dog." Cricinfo. 1 October 2008. Pup's a brand new dog (accessed 28 October 2008). Brettig, Daniel. "It's now about gaining respect as a leader" Interview Cricinfo. 18 April 2011. 'It's now about gaining respect as a leader' External links 1981 births Allan Border Medal winners Australia Test cricket captains Australian Institute of Sport cricketers Australia One Day International cricketers Australia Twenty20 International cricketers Cricketers at the 2007 Cricket World Cup Cricketers at the 2011 Cricket World Cup Cricketers at the 2015 Cricket World Cup Cricketers from Sydney Cricketers who made a century on Test debut Hampshire cricketers International Cricket Council Cricketer of the Year New South Wales cricketers Pune Warriors India cricketers Living people Sportsmen from New South Wales Wisden Cricketers of the Year Wisden Leading Cricketers in the World Australian cricket commentators Officers of the Order of Australia People educated at Westfields Sports High School Australia Test cricketers

898930

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Brown%20%28writer%29

Michael Brown (writer)

Michael Brown (December 14, 1920 – June 11, 2014) was an American composer, lyricist, writer, director, producer, and performer. He was born in Mexia, Texas. His musical career began in New York cabaret, performing first at Le Ruban Bleu. In the 1960s, he was a producer of industrial musicals for major American corporations such as J.C. Penney and DuPont. For the DuPont pavilion at the 1964 New York World's Fair, Brown wrote and produced a musical revue, The Wonderful World of Chemistry staged 48 times a day by two simultaneous casts in adjacent theaters. For years, he maintained a reunion directory of the cast and crew, which included Robert Downey, Sr. as a stage manager. 2005 mailing: “After all, it was a remarkable time in all of our lives. We can be fairly certain nothing like it will be seen again. Love all round, Mike.” Several of his songs have entered the American repertoire, including "Lizzie Borden" and "The John Birch Society," which were popularized by the Chad Mitchell Trio. Children know him best as the author of three Christmas books about Santa's helper, Santa Mouse. Cabaret and off-Broadway His off-Broadway and cabaret contributions of music and lyrics were myriad. In 1948, performing his own music and lyrics, he auditioned for Julius Monk. His engagement at Le Ruban Bleu lasted a record 54 weeks. Returning to cabaret every ten years or so, he performed at The Blue Angel, the Ballroom, Plaza 9, Upstairs at the Downstairs, and The Savoy in London. He wrote the words and music for songs that were featured in all of Julius Monk's cabaret revues, including Four Below, 1956; Take Five, 1957; Four Below Strikes Back, 1959; Dressed to the Nines, 1960; Seven Come Eleven, 1961; Dime a Dozen, 1962; Baker's Dozen, 1964; and Bits and Pieces XIV, 1964. His songs for these revues included "Lola Montez," “Won't You Come Home, Judge Crater," “Love Letters Written to My Mother," “Don't Let Them Take the Paramount," and "The Third Avenue El.” Dan Dietz wrote about "The Third Avenue El": "This sweetly nostalgic song about the passing of a New York City landmark resonates more than ever today, and is particularly touching in its wish that vanished New York sites might always be with us, if not in concrete and steel, then at least in memory." His musical, Is There Intelligent Life on Earth? was produced in Bristol, UK, in 1964. Songs in that production included "Blue-Green Planet," “Communicate with Me," “Serene Morning in Jersey," and "Goodbye, Old World.” Broadway His first work on Broadway was the song "Lizzie Borden" in Leonard Sillman's New Faces of 1952 filmed as New Faces. It was later recorded by the Chad Mitchell Trio, who also recorded his "John Birch Society." In 2004, he wrote to Julie Harris: "There was never any objection—at least none that I heard—that the number was about a brutal double murder. Time seemed to tidy up all the blood. Even so, Leonard Sillman asked me to replace the original final chorus." New Faces of 1952 was revived in 1982. He wrote the lyrics to Harold Arlen’s music for Pearl Bailey’s show-stopping number "Indoor Girl" in House of Flowers. In 1956 he contributed the song "The Washingtons are Doing OK" for Leonard Sillman's New Faces of 1956. He also wrote a production number for the Carol Channing company of Sugar Babies. Michael Brown wrote the book, lyrics, and music for the nineteen-day run of Different Times, and directed the production. The story followed multiple generations of one family, and was presented at the ANTA Theater, opening on May 1, 1972. The cast album was recorded in 1987. One-man show In the 1970s, he wrote and extensively toured Out of Step: The Great American Nut Show in which he presented the results of his lifelong fascination with such people as John Dillinger, Starr Faithfull, Judge Crater, Aimee Semple McPherson, and the original Siamese twins, Chang and Eng. He shared his years of researching letters, rare photographs, newsreel footage, and examples of signs-of-the-times, through the use of slides, film, and song and dance. His songs to accompany the tale of each of his special people ranged from satirical comment, such as an unemotional campaign song for Calvin "Silent Cal" Coolidge, to sensitive ballads revealing a particular tragedy or grief in a person's life, such as Baby Doe Tabor. One of the most touching songs was his musical setting of "Starr Faithfull's Last Letter." She was a beautiful, young playgirl in the 1930s whose death remains a mystery to this day. Personal life Brown started reading at age 4 and playing piano at age 6. In 1940, at the age of 19, he was a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of the Plan II program at the University of Texas, Austin. After attending Harvard University and the University of Iowa, he defended his master's thesis in English Literature, on the writer Wilkie Collins, at the University of Virginia. During World War II he enlisted in the Army Air Forces on April 6, 1944. He attended Officers’ Candidate School at Yale, where Glenn Miller played in the mess hall. He served with the 723rd Army Air Forces Base Unit as a Cryptographic Officer (0224). The bulk of his time was spent in the Caribbean where he wrote and performed songs when not deciphering phantom enemy submarine signals. Up to the time of his discharge on June 4, 1946, he used his name given at birth, Marion Martin Brown, II. He moved to New York City in 1947. Thereafter, he used the name Michael. In 1950 he married Joy Williams Brown, a former ballerina who trained at the School of American Ballet and joined Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo in New York at the invitation of George Balanchine. She also danced in Europe as a principal with Roland Petit's Les Ballets de Paris. Michael Brown became friends with Margot Fonteyn through his wife, Joy, and was thus introduced to the ballet world. With his wife Joy, he had three children, Michael Martin Brown, Jr. of Hoboken, New Jersey, born in 1951; Kelly Kennedy Brown of Portland, Oregon, born in 1954; and Adam Anderson Brown born in 1964. Adam died in 1994. Michael Brown died June 11, 2014 at the age of 93 New York City. On November 4, 2014, a Memorial Celebration was held at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts and speakers included Michael Feinstein, Jefferson Mays, and Charles Strouse. Harper Lee The couple was instrumental in the career of Harper Lee, whom Michael met through his friend Truman Capote. The Browns made it possible for Lee to work on To Kill a Mockingbird by giving her the gift of a year's financial support in 1956 with the note: "You have one year off from your job to write whatever you please. Merry Christmas." Harper Lee wrote about this Christmas gift in McCalls magazine in December 1961. However, neither she nor the Browns ever disclosed their names, which led to years of speculation in literary circles until the publication of Charles J. Shields’ unauthorized biography Mockingbird: A Portrait of Harper Lee. Confirmation of the story occurred when the Browns broke their silence in interviews they gave for Mary Murphy’s documentary "Harper Lee: Hey, Boo" presented by PBS in their American Masters series in 2012. Santa Mouse In 1966, as the result of a casual inquiry, he wrote the children's Christmas story Santa Mouse. That book was followed in 1968 by Santa Mouse Where Are You? and, in 1969, by Santa Mouse Meets Marmaduke. To avoid confusion with the Marmaduke comic strip, this was re-titled Santa Mouse Meets Montague when a compilation of all three books was republished under the title Santa Mouse Stories. Santa Mouse (1966, ) Santa Mouse, Where Are You (1968, ) Santa Mouse Meets Marmaduke (1969, ) Santa Mouse Treasury (1970, ) Santa Mouse Stories (2011, ) Discography Published LP Albums Michael Brown Sings his Own Songs, 1956 Michael Brown: Alarums & Excursions, 1963 Industrial Musical LP Recordings Fall Fashion Forecast, 1957, for E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company It’s Holiday Time!, for Holiday Magazine Lead the Carefree Life... In the Holiday Mood, 1957, for E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, and Holiday Magazine Paris Affair, 1958, for Andrew Arkin Fashions Sing A Song of Sewing, 1960, for Donahue Sales Corporation Just Wear a Smile – and a Jantzen, 1960, for Jantzen, Inc A Birthday Garland, 1960, for J.C. Penney Company Penney Proud, 1962, for J.C. Penney Company The Wonderful World of Chemistry, 1964, for E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company Mr. Woolworth had a Notion, 1965, for F.W. Woolworth Corporation Spirit of 66; An Evening with Michael Brown and his Friends, 1966, for J.C. Penney Company Big Belk Country, 1967, for Donahue Sales Corporation Big D Country, 1967, for Donahue Sales Corporation Seven Sons on a Seesaw, Brown’s ninth show for E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company Music to Sell Dodges Buy, 1964, for Dodge Motor Company References External links The Wonderful World of Chemistry at the Internet Archive. Michael Brown on Ovrtur.com www.michaelbrownwordsandmusic.com Everything's Coming Up Profits: The Golden Age of Industrial Musicals 1920 births 2014 deaths Record producers from Texas American children's writers Songwriters from Texas F. W. Woolworth Company University of Texas at Austin College of Liberal Arts alumni Harvard University alumni University of Iowa alumni People from Mexia, Texas

901219

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Beckley

Michael Beckley

Michael Beckley is an Australian actor. He has worked with major theatre companies in both Australia and the United Kingdom, and appeared on London's West End in A Few Good Men (starring Rob Lowe) and Cabaret (directed by award-winning director Rufus Norris). He is probably best known for playing Rhys Sutherland, the patriarch of a new family that arrived in the fictional town of Summer Bay in the internationally televised series Home and Away (2000 - 2004). Before and since leaving the soap he has worked extensively in theatre. He moved to London in 2005, where he was based until 2016, appearing on the West End and with major UK theatre companies. He now resides in Sydney, Australia. Career Beckley decided on an acting career just before completing his senior high school studies. Despite protests from teachers he left school one week before his final exams, apparently to force himself onto a certain path. A week later – at 17 years of age – he had landed a permanent position on the Entertainment Staff at Old Sydney Town, an historical theme park near his home town of Gosford, NSW. This was a recreation of Sydney around the year 1800. Here he earned his Actors Equity of Australia card and officially became a working actor. Within two years he took over the role of Town Crier, the leading player for the park. Beckley made his first permanent move to the UK in 1984. He appeared on the London Fringe in All The Way Home and attended dozens of plays in and around London, including many on the West End starring actors such as Anthony Hopkins (Pravda) and Glenda Jackson (Phaedra) and many leading actors of the day. He also took drop-in acting classes at the London Actors' Centre studying Chekhov, Shakespeare, comedy, voice and movement. It was during this time in London that he decided to commit to his decision to be an actor. On returning to Australia in late 1986 he auditioned for Australia's leading drama school NIDA (National Institute of Dramatic Art) but was not accepted. He went and studied part-time under Gillian Owen, a RADA-trained actor, who ran The Sydney Acting School, and then auditioned for NIDA again in late 1987. He was accepted. The next three years saw him studying full-time at NIDA. (Alumni include Miranda Otto, Jacqueline McKenzie, Jeremy Sims and the writer Reg Cribb.) With just one week to go – echoing his departure from high school – Beckley was approached by Wayne Harrison, then artistic director of Sydney Theatre Company, to appear as Frid in that company's production of Sondheim's A Little Night Music. (He appeared opposite a then unknown Toni Collette as Petra.) With the school's blessing, Beckley began his post-student career a week earlier than expected and graduated with his class at the official ceremony in early 1991. The next few years saw Beckley work for various companies in a range of projects. These included a rigorous 6-month T.I.E. (theatre in education) tour for the Bell Shakespeare Company which Beckley still considers as "earning one's stripes". Other cast members were Berynn Schwerdt, Colleen Cross and Julia Zemiro (now a household name on Australian televisions). Small television roles started to appear on his CV between theatre jobs. He had guest roles on the Australian police series Water Rats and the Australian/American sci-fi series Farscape. Wayne Harrison invited him back to the STC to appear in Antony and Cleopatra starring theatre stars Sandy Gore and John Stanton. The prestigious Griffin Theatre Company cast him in Clark in Sarajevo and then as the leading role of Dave in Neil Cole's play Alive at Williamstown Pier, the true story of a politician's fight with bipolar disorder and his consequent "outing" by the Australian media. Beckley received strong praise for his portrayal from national critics. The Australian Jewish News called his work "virtuoso". Lydia Clifford of The Daily Telegraph writing "I felt privileged to be a spectator of emerging talent". It was shortly after this that Beckley was cast as Rhys Sutherland in the long-running television program Home and Away, where he stayed for just over four years (2000–2004). His character arrived with a wife and three daughters. The Sutherlands went on to be one of the most popular families to ever appear on the program. While on the show, the production company made two specials for release on DVD: Hearts Divided and Secrets and the City, the latter film concerning Rhys's disappearance after the revelation of a previous affair. Each special contained not-to-be-televised footage, a new concept that proved a success. Upon leaving Home and Away Beckley returned to England in 2005. Signing with a London agent, he booked his first audition, which found him playing Capt. Roger Wittaker at the Theatre Royal Haymarket on London's West End. The play starred Rob Lowe in the role made famous by Tom Cruise in the film version, which was also written by Aaron Sorkin. Sorkin was very much involved in the casting process. The play ran for several months and was a major success in that year's West End calendar. Beckley was soon cast in David Pownall's play Masterclass for Derby Theatre playing Joseph Stalin's right-hand man Andrei Zhdanov, alongside Christopher McKay (Me and Orson Welles), Russell Dixon and Terry Mortimer. McKay and Mortimer, accomplished pianists, played a real grand piano in their respective roles of Shostakovich and Prokofiev. Beckley was also required to play some Chopin while seemingly drunk on vodka, a moment in the play that terrified him each night. Although a pianist, he was not as accomplished as McKay and Mortimer. Nonetheless, reviews were exceptional, with most of the London papers including it in their must-see lists. Beckley continued to enjoy a run of successful and critical theatre roles. He returned to the West End for nearly a year to play Ernst Ludwig in Rufus Norris' wildly successful Cabaret at the Lyric Theatre on Shaftesbury Avenue. He played leading man Matt Holden in Chris England's play Breakfast With Jonny Wilkinson for the (then newly successful) Menier Chocolate Factory and would reprise the role in the film version in 2012. One of Beckley's major roles was that of Randle P McMurphy in One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest, based on the novel by Ken Kesey, made particularly famous by the film version starring Jack Nicholson (as Randle P McMurphy). The production was staged by Curve in Leicester, with Catherine Russell as Nurse Ratched. Beckley did not even audition for McMurphy but for the role of Dale Harding. However, after the casting process director Michael Buffong decided Beckley was the right man for the part and offered it to him. During the run of Cuckoo's Nest, Curve's artistic director Paul Kerryson offered Beckley the role of Bradley in Sam Shephard's Pulitzer Prize-winning Buried Child. It starred Olivier Award-winner Matthew Kelly as Dodge. Bradley, the semi-psychotic, one-and-a-half-legged amputee' remains one of Beckley's favourite roles. Kelly and Beckley would work together again in the 5-star hit production of Chekhov's The Seagull for Southward Playhouse in London in 2012. (Beckley credits a student production of this play at NIDA, seen in 1979, as being his catalyst for thinking about acting as a career.) The Southwark Playhouse production also featured a then-unknown Lily James as Nina. (Lily went on to play Cinderella in the 2015 Disney live-action film version of Cinderella). The season was a sell-out. Derby Theatre asked him back to play Joe Josephson in Sondheim's Merrily We Roll Along. Menier Chocolate Factory also cast him again in The Invisible Man. The prestigious York Theatre Royal cast him as leading character Dr Robert Smith in the highly acclaimed play Blue/Orange. Beckley also spent three years (2009, 2014, 2015) travelling to 30 countries in the role of Bill Austin in the world-wide hit musical 'Mamma Mia!'. It was at the end of his last year with that show that he decided to return to Australia, where he has been since early 2016. Since returning to his native country Beckley has appeared on the television programs Here Come The Habibs, Doctor Doctor, The Secret Daughter and House of Bond, as well as the new Australian musical Melba based on the life of opera star Dame Nellie Melba (played by international opera star Emma Matthews). In 2019, Beckley appeared in the Opera Australia/Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour production of West Side Story as Officer Krupke ... the titular character of that show's famous comedy number 'Gee, Officer Krupke'. The production was directed by multi-award-winning director Francesca Zambello. Her assistant and choreographer was Julio Monge. It was Beckley's first appearance with Opera Australia. Directing Michael Beckley was resident director on The Rocky Horror Show for Australian and New Zealand tours during the 1990s. He began in the chorus as a Phantom and then became Dance Captain. After the first one-year tour, director Nigel Triffitt offered Beckley the position of Assistant Director for the show's New Zealand tour. This position was changed to Resident Director when the show began a new Australian tour starring Jason Donovan in Perth. Triffitt also used Beckley as his assistant for a revival of his 1990 Melbourne International Arts Festival hit production of Moby Dick for Sydney Theatre Company in 1998. Beckley continued to direct through the late 1990s on shows such as The Seventh Knob (Belvoir St Theatre, downstairs), Leader of the Pack (Laycock St Theatre, Gosford, 1996, return season 1997), Damn Yankees (full charity fund-raiser production, 1999) and assisted Jeremy Sims on the hugely successful Pork Chop production of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead (Belvoir St Theatre, upstairs) and then again on the same company's production of Hamlet, again at Belvoir St Theatre. Beckley also directed The Players for Pork Chop Productions at The Stables Theatre in Sydney. Filmography Theatre 2019 Officer Krupke in West Side Story for Opera Australia/Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour, Sydney 2017 David Mitchell in Melba by Nicolas Christo and Johannes Luebbers, Hayes Theatre, Sydney 2014/15 Bill Austin in Mamma Mia! by Catherine Johnson, International Tour / Little Star 2012 Shamreyev in The Seagull by Anton Chekhov, at Southwark Playhouse, London 2012 Robert in Blue/Orange by Joe Penhall, at the York Theatre Royal 2011 Bradley in Buried Child by Sam Shepard, at the Curve in Leicester 2011 Randall McMurphy in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest adapted by Dale Wasserman, at the Curve in Leicester 2010 Cuss/Fearenside in The Invisible Man adapted by Ken Hill, at the Menier Chocolate Factory 2009 Bill Austin in Mamma Mia! by Catherine Johnson, International Tour / Little Star 2008 Ernst Ludwig in Cabaret by Christopher Isherwood, with Bill Kenwright Ltd 2007 Joe Josephson in Merrily We Roll Along (musical) by George Furth and Stephen Sondheim, at the Derby Theatre 2006 Matt in Breakfast with Jonny Wilkinson at the Menier Chocolate Factory 2005 Roger Wittaker in A Few Good Men (play) by Aaron Sorkin 2005 Narrator/Detective in Bill with Short and Sweet Productions 2005 Emil in The Duck Variations by David Mamet with Pork Chop Productions 1999 Dave in Alive at Williamstown Pier with Griffin Theatre Company 1998 Various in Clark in Sarajevo with Griffin Theatre Company 1997 Polonius in Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead by Tom Stoppard with Pork Chop Productions 1996 Eddie/Dr Scott in The Rocky Horror Show with Dainty Consolidated Ent 1994 Angus Marius in Dylan with Illustrious Theatre Company 1993 Maecenus in Antony and Cleopatra by William Shakespeare with Sydney Theatre Company 1993 Pete in Three More Sleepless Nights with NIDA Theatre Company 1991 Frid in A Little Night Music by Stephen Sondheim and Hugh Wheeler with the Sydney Theatre Company References External links Michael Beckley at michaelbeckley.net Australian male television actors Living people West End theatre Farscape character redirects to lists British theatre people 1965 births

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Gardner%20Hale

William Gardner Hale

William Gardner Hale (February 9, 1849June 23, 1928), American classical scholar, was born in Savannah, Georgia to a resident New England family. Hale was a graduate of Phillips Exeter Academy. He graduated at Harvard University in 1870, and took a post-graduate course in philosophy there in 1874–1876; studied classical philology at Leipzig and Göttingen in 1876–1877; was tutor in Latin at Harvard from 1877 to 1880, and succeeding Tracy Peck as professor of Latin in Cornell University from 1880 to 1892, when he became professor of Latin and head of the Latin department of the University of Chicago. From 1894 to 1899 he was chairman and in 1895-1896 first director of the American School of Classical Studies at Rome. Hale held honorary degrees from Princeton, St. Andrew's and Aberdeen Universities. He is best known as an original teacher on questions of syntax. In The cum-constructions: their history and functions, which appeared in Cornell University studies in classical philology (1888–1889; and in German version by Neizert in 1891), he attacked Hoffmann's distinction between absolute and relative temporal clauses as published in Lateinische Zeitpartikeln (1874); Hoffmann replied in 1891, and the best summary of the controversy is in Wetzel's Der Streit zwischen Hoffmann und Hale (1892). Hale wrote also The sequence of tenses in Latin (1887–1888), The anticipatory subjunctive in Greek and Latin (1894), and a Latin grammar (1903), to which the parts on sounds, inflection and word-formation were contributed by Carl Darling Buck. After founding the American School of Classical Studies, Rome, 1905–06, Professor Hale served as its director and later, chairman of the board. Returning to Chicago, Hale was Editor, The Classical Quarterly in 1914. He continued his teaching and retired from the university in 1920, spending the next eight years conducting research on a manuscript of Catullus he discovered in Rome in 1896. Family William Gardner Hale was son to William Hale and Elizabeth Jewett Scott of Peterboro, N.H. Professor Hale was spouse to Harriet Swinburne (1853–1928) of Newport, Rhode Island, an 1873 graduate of Vassar College. The couple had four children, including fresco painter and interior decorator Gardner Hale (1900–1932) of New York City, and Swinburne Hale (1884–1937), a prominent civil rights attorney and political activist of the 1920s. One daughter, Mrs. Vancil Foster, resided at Taos, New Mexico and another daughter, Miss Virginia Hall, resided in New York City. Multilateralist When the German Empire invaded Belgium in 1914, Professor Hale was abroad in Europe. He cabled the New York Times from Le Havre, France, and permitted his name to be published with his cable recommending the United States declare war on Germany. Six months into the First World War, the Wilson Administration had succeeded in keeping the United States neutral. Professor Hale called for war in September 1914; in January 1915 he was in partial agreement with former President Theodore Roosevelt on the need to act against the German Empire. But like fellow progressive Alfred Hayes, Jr., William Gardner Hale viewed the American role as supporting the internationalist and multilateral position represented by the Hague Conventions. Roosevelt was defining the unilateralist tenet that would become a hallmark of 20th century Republican Party foreign policy doctrine. On in May 1916, Hale agreed to serve as an honorary vice president of the American Rights Committee during its Carnegie Hall memorial protest of the Lusitania sinking by a German Navy U-Boat. The purpose of the mass meeting was to organize a petition to President Woodrow Wilson demanding an end of diplomatic relations with the Imperial Court at Berlin. New York City Mayor John Purroy Mitchel succeeded in postponing the protest, in part to ameliorate worsening relations in the city between the pro-Allied and pro-German factions. In the 1916 Presidential election, William Gardner Hale endorsed Woodrow Wilson over Charles Evans Hughes. Hale's position was based on his concern that Hughes would draw the United States into another war with the Republic of Mexico and that Wilson, while not supportive enough of the Allies in Europe, "had the high aim of building up a national life in which, while honest business shall have every opportunity, privilege shall not rule the poor and the weak. He has made of his party a truly progressive party." Hale was a member of the New England Anti-Imperialist League, as well as the Phi Beta Kappa Society, the German Archaeological Institute of Berlin, Athens and Rome, and the American Philological Association (APA). He was President of the APA from 1892 to 1893. Footnotes Works Latin Composition. (1912). A Latin Grammar. (1903). The Art of Reading Latin: How to Teach It. (1902). The Cum-Constructions: Their History and Functions. (No. 1, Cornell Studies in Classical Philology)(Hale & Wheeler, eds.) (1889). External links Guide to the William Gardner Hale Papers circa 1880-1928 at the University of Chicago Library 1849 births 1928 deaths American classical scholars Classical philologists Leipzig University alumni Harvard University alumni Classical scholars of the University of Chicago Classical scholars of Cornell University People from Savannah, Georgia Phillips Exeter Academy alumni University of Göttingen alumni

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason%20Bourne

Jason Bourne

Jason Bourne () is the title character and the protagonist in a series of novels and subsequent film adaptations. The character was created by novelist Robert Ludlum. He first appeared in the novel The Bourne Identity (1980), which was adapted for television in 1988. The novel was adapted into a feature film of the same name in 2002 and starred Matt Damon in the lead role. The character originally featured in three novels by Ludlum, released between 1980 and 1990, followed by eleven novels written by Eric Van Lustbader since 2004. Along with the first feature film, Jason Bourne also appears in three sequel movies The Bourne Supremacy (2004), The Bourne Ultimatum (2007), and Jason Bourne (2016), with Damon again in the lead role. Jeremy Renner stars in the fourth film of the franchise, The Bourne Legacy, released in August 2012. Damon stated in interviews that he would not do another Bourne film without Paul Greengrass, who had directed the second and third installments. Greengrass agreed to direct Damon in the fifth installment in the franchise. Greengrass jointly wrote the screenplay with editor Christopher Rouse. Literary backstory Jason Bourne is but one of many aliases used by David Webb, a career Foreign Service Officer, and a specialist in Far Eastern affairs. Before the events in The Bourne Identity, Webb had a Thai wife named Dao and two children named Joshua and Alyssa in Phnom Penh. Webb's wife and children were killed during the Vietnam War when a fighter plane strayed into Cambodia, dropped two bombs, and strafed a spot near the Mekong River. However, unknown to Webb, Joshua survived. Due to Cambodia's neutrality in the war, every nation disclaimed the plane, and, therefore, no one took responsibility for the incident. Enraged by both the injustice and randomness of his loss, Webb went to Saigon and, under the careful guidance of friend and CIA officer Alexander Conklin, ended up training for an elite top secret Special Forces unit called "Medusa". Within that select organization Webb was known only by his code name, "Delta One". Medusa An assassination team or death squad, Medusa, was created to infiltrate Northern Vietnam and assassinate members of the Viet Cong and its collaborators. Its members were criminals; its leader, a man called Delta, ran Medusa with an iron fist. He became well known for his ruthlessness, his disregard for orders, and his disturbing success rate on missions, resulting in the kidnapping of Webb's brother, U.S. Army Lieutenant Gordon Webb, during his tour of duty in Saigon. During the mission to save Gordon Webb, an original "Medusa" team member named Jason Charles Bourne was discovered to be a double agent who alerted a large number of North Vietnamese soldiers to their whereabouts. When Delta found Bourne after killing his way through the North Vietnamese, he simply killed Bourne in the jungles of Tam Quan. Bourne's execution was never exposed due to the top secret status of Medusa. Operation Treadstone Years later, a black ops arm of the CIA, called "Treadstone Seventy-One" after a building on New York's Seventy-First Street, was formed to eliminate the notorious Carlos the Jackal. Webb was called up by David Abbott, nicknamed "The Monk", to be its principal agent. At this point, Webb (Delta) takes the identity of Jason Bourne, due to the actual Bourne's status as MIA in the war, as well as the fact that Bourne was in reality a brutal killer with a long criminal record. The point was to turn "Jason Bourne" into an elite, ruthlessly efficient assassin who would be feared by terrorists and criminals worldwide. The assassin's alias was "Cain". The reasoning for creating such a myth was to create competition for the well-known assassin named "Carlos", or "Carlos the Jackal" (real name Ilich Ramírez Sánchez) who at that time was considered the world's best and most famous assassin. By creating this myth, Cain was to drive the reclusive Carlos out into the open "long enough to put a bullet in his head". Film backstory In the film series, Jason Bourne is revealed to have been born David Webb on September 13, 1970 (or June 4, 1978 in Jason Bourne) in Nixa, Missouri (although in Ultimatum, he is given a false date of April 15, 1971, as a coded reference to a specific site). In flashbacks, he joins the United States Army and is eventually selected for Delta Force in 1998. His father, Richard Webb, a senior CIA analyst, is responsible for creating the Treadstone program, a black ops project intended to train and deploy elite assassins. The CIA murders his father with a car bomb in Beirut in a bid to recruit Webb. The ploy is shown to have worked; Webb approaches the CIA and is brought into the program by Neil Daniels, a supervisor in the Treadstone program, while being monitored by Dr. Albert Hirsch, who supervises the medical assessment of Treadstone agents. He is brought into a secret recruitment center in New York City, where Hirsch orders him tortured for days — via waterboarding and sleep deprivation — to break his spirit and allow him to be molded into an assassin. He is officially accepted when he murders an unidentified man (implied to be the real Jason Bourne) without question. After that, he is given a new identity as Jason Bourne, and his true identity becomes a classified secret. After heavy training, in which he learns several languages and masters a wide array of martial arts skills, Bourne is placed in the Treadstone program, whose missions are run by Conklin. His first assignment, an unofficial one, is revealed to have happened in Berlin, Germany: the assassination of Vladimir Neski, a Russian politician who was intending to expose the theft of $20 million in secret funds stolen from the CIA by Treadstone's Director, Ward Abbott, and a Russian oligarch, Yuri Gretkov. Under Conklin's orders, Bourne murders Neski and his wife and makes it look like a murder-suicide. Bourne works in the program as its top agent for three years, stationed in Paris, France, maintaining a secluded life while performing assassinations, mostly around Europe. His official handler is logistics agent Nicky Parsons, also stationed in Paris, who is implied to have feelings for Bourne that she keeps hidden from Treadstone employers. The turning point in his life comes after an order to murder Nykwana Wombosi, an exiled African warlord who was blackmailing the CIA into reinstating him as head of state, lest he expose several CIA secrets. Using an alias, John Michael Kane, Bourne gathers information on Wombosi. He infiltrates the warlord's yacht and hides inside it for five days, surfacing on a cold night in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, intending to arrange the murder to look like he was killed by a crew member to avoid suspicion. However, Wombosi is surrounded by his children, and Bourne is unable to bring himself to kill him. He tries to abandon the mission by leaving the boat, but an unknown shooter shoots him twice in the back, sending him off the yacht into the sea and triggering amnesia, causing Webb / Bourne to forget his identity. Appearances Novels The series has included fifteen novels which have been written by two authors, Robert Ludlum and Eric Van Lustbader. Ludlum's series include the first three books, dubbed the Bourne trilogy. After Ludlum's death in 2001, Lustbader took over the character in his own series of novels, which span eleven books as of 2020. A twelfth novel, The Bourne Nemesis, was scheduled to be released in 2019, but as of July 2020 is no longer expected to be published. Written by Robert Ludlum The Bourne Identity (1980) A man is found floating unconscious in the Mediterranean Sea near Marseille by Italian fishermen with two gunshot wounds in his back. He wakes and discovers he is suffering from extreme memory loss. Film negative embedded in his hip leads him to a bank in Zurich where he learns he is known by the name Jason Bourne. As he tries to reclaim his memory, Bourne attracts the attention of hostile people for reasons unknown to him. At a hotel, while cornered, Bourne takes a young woman, Marie St. Jacques, hostage to escape. Marie is an employee of the Government of Canada. Bourne and Marie discover that "Jason Bourne" is the cover identity of a contract assassin, and that both the CIA and another contract killer known as Carlos the Jackal have an interest in him. Marie is convinced that this man she has come to know cannot be the ruthless killer that all their discoveries seem to imply. She compels Bourne to continue searching for his true identity and, in the end, he finds the truth. Through this time, Bourne has the phrase "Cain is for Charlie, and Delta is for Cain" continually flash through his mind, propelling him in the direction of his mission. The Bourne Supremacy (1986) Having recovered his memory and retired from the CIA, David Webb now teaches Asian Studies at a university in Maine and lives with Marie. She is taken captive seemingly by a powerful Chinese drug lord, but in reality, by the United States government using the fictitious drug lord as cover. The scheme is an attempt to turn Webb back into his former self, the mythical Jason Bourne, to go after a Bourne impostor in China. The phony Bourne has been credited with a Far East political assassination that could, in a worst-case scenario, cause a Chinese civil war over the ownership of Hong Kong. The Bourne Ultimatum (1990) As an aging Carlos the Jackal's infamy fades, he decides that he will do two things before he dies: kill Jason Bourne and destroy the KGB facility of Novgorod, where the Jackal was trained and later turned away. Webb's family is forced to hide in the Caribbean while Webb himself works with Conklin to hunt down and kill the Jackal. Webb poses as an important member of Medusa, now a nearly omnipotent economic force that controls the commander of NATO, leading figures in the Defense Department, and large NYSE firms. The plan is to use Medusa's resources to contact the Jackal. Webb just misses the Jackal several times before Webb fakes his own death to draw him out. Following this, the Jackal turns to his second goal. Webb tracks the Jackal down with the help of Conklin and a KGB agent as the Jackal begins destroying the KGB compound. In a final confrontation, the Jackal is led into a dam lock in which he drowns, and Webb returns to his family. Written by Eric Van Lustbader The Bourne Legacy (2004) With the climactic events of The Bourne Ultimatum behind him, Jason Bourne is able to once again become David Webb, now professor of linguistics at Georgetown University. However, this serenity does not last for long. When a silenced gunshot narrowly misses Webb's head, the Bourne persona reawakens in him. His first objective is to reach Conklin. However, unknown to Bourne, a Hungarian by the name of Stepan Spalko has now led him into a trap—one which he cannot escape as easily as his professional façade. And the man who nearly killed him in Georgetown continues his deadly, intensely personal pursuit. The Bourne Betrayal (2007) Jason Bourne takes a mission to rescue his only friend in the CIA, Martin Lindros, who disappeared in Africa while tracking shipments of uranium. Once safely back in America, Lindros persuades Bourne to help track the money trail of terrorists buying the nuclear material in Odessa. But once there, Bourne is hampered by confusing flashbacks of unfamiliar places and events and he wonders if someone is brainwashing him in order to throw him off the trail, or worse, if the man he saved in Africa is really Martin Lindros. Now, Bourne must gather evidence while trying to stay one step ahead of the terrorists who won't let anyone stand in their way. The Bourne Sanction (2008) Jason Bourne returns to Georgetown University, and the mild world of his alter ego, David Webb, hoping for normality. But, after so many adrenaline-soaked years of risking his life, Bourne finds himself chafing under the quiet life of a linguistics professor. Aware of his frustrations, his academic mentor, Professor Spector, asks for help investigating the murder of a former student. The young man died carrying information about a group's terrorist activities, including an immediate plan to attack the United States. The organization, the Black Legion, and its plot have also popped up on the radar of the Central Intelligence Agency, whose new director Veronica Hart is struggling to assert her authority. Sensing an opportunity to take control of the CIA by showing Hart's incompetence, National Security Agency operatives attempt to accomplish what the CIA never could do, hunt down and kill Jason Bourne. In Europe, Bourne's investigation into the Black Legion turns into one of the deadliest and most tangled operations of his double life—while an assassin is getting closer by the minute. The Bourne Deception (2009) Bourne's nemesis, Arkadin, is still hot on his trail, and the two continue their struggle, reversing roles of hunter and hunted. When Bourne is ambushed and badly wounded, he fakes his death and goes into hiding. In safety, he takes on a new identity, and begins a mission to find out who tried to assassinate him. Jason begins to question who he really is, how much of him is tied up in the Bourne identity, and what he would become if that was suddenly taken away from him. Meanwhile, an American passenger airliner is shot down over Egypt by what seems to be an Iranian missile. A massive global investigative team is assembled to get at the truth of the situation before it can escalate into an international scandal. Bourne's search for the man who shot him intersects with the search for the people who brought down the airliner, leading Bourne into one of the most deadly and challenging situations he has ever encountered. With the threat of a new world war brewing, Bourne finds himself in a race against time to uncover the truth and find the person behind his assault, all the while being stalked by his unknown nemesis. The Bourne Objective (2010) The Bourne Objective is the eighth novel in the Bourne series, and the fifth written by Eric Van Lustbader. The book was released in 2010, sequel to The Bourne Deception. The killing of an art dealer dredges up snatches of Jason Bourne's impaired memory, in particular the murder of a young woman who entrusted him with a strangely engraved ring. Now he's determined to find its owner and purpose. But Bourne never knows what terrible acts he'll discover he committed when he digs into the past. The trail will lead him to a vicious Russian mercenary, Leonid Arkadin, also a graduate of the Central Intelligence training program Treadstone. The covert course was shuttered by Congress for corruption, but not before it produced Bourne and Arkadin, giving them equal skills, equal force, and equal cunning. As Bourne's destiny circles closer to Arkadin's, it becomes clear that someone else has been watching and manipulating them. The Bourne Dominion (2011) Jason Bourne is searching for an elusive cadre of terrorists planning to destroy America's most strategic natural resources—and needs the help of his longtime friend, General Boris Karpov. Karpov, the newly appointed head of Russia's most feared spy agency, FSB-2, is one of the most determined, honorable, and justice-hungry men that Bourne knows. But Karpov has made a deal with the devil. In order to remain the head of FSB-2, he must hunt down and kill Bourne. Now, these two trusted friends are on a deadly collision course. From the Colombian highlands to Munich, Cádiz, and Damascus, the clock is counting down to a disaster that will cripple America's economic and military future. Only Bourne and Karpov have a chance to avert the catastrophe—but if they destroy each other first, that chance will be gone forever. The Bourne Imperative (2012) The tenth book in the series was published on June 5, 2012. The man Jason Bourne fished out of the freezing sea is near death, half-drowned and bleeding profusely from a gunshot wound. He awakens with no memory of who he is or why he was shot, and Bourne is eerily reminded of his own amnesia. Then Bourne discovers that the Mossad agent named Rebeka is so determined to find this injured man that she has gone off the grid, cut her ties to her agency, and is now being stalked by Mossad's most feared killer. The answers to these mysteries may lie back in southeast Lebanon, in a secret encampment to which Bourne and Rebeka escaped following a firefight weeks ago. The complex trail links to the mission given to Treadstone directors Peter Marks and Soraya Moore: find the semi-mythic terrorist assassin known as Nicodemo. In the course of Bourne's desperate, deadly search for a secret that will alter the future of the entire world, he will experience both triumph and loss, and his life will never be the same. Now everything turns on the amnesiac. Bourne must learn his identity and purpose before both he and Rebeka are killed. From Stockholm to Washington, D.C., from Mexico City to Beijing, the web of lies and betrayals extends into a worldwide conspiracy of monumental proportions. The Bourne Retribution (2013) The eleventh book in the series was published on December 3, 2013. Bourne's friend Eli Yadin, head of Mossad, learns that Ouyang Jidan, a senior member of China's Politburo, and a major Mexican drug lord may have been trafficking in more than drugs. Yadin needs Bourne to investigate. Bourne agrees, but only because he has a personal agenda: Ouyang Jidan is the man who ordered Rebeka—one of the very few people Bourne has ever truly cared about—murdered. Bourne is determined to avenge her death, but in the process he becomes enmeshed in a monstrous worldwide scheme involving the Chinese, Mexicans, and Russians. Bourne's desperate search for Ouyang takes him from Tel Aviv to Shanghai, Mexico City, and, ultimately, a village on China's coast where a clever trap has been laid for him. Bourne finds himself pursued on all sides and unsure whom he can trust. The Bourne Ascendancy (2014) The twelfth book in the Bourne series was published on June 10, 2014. Bourne has been hired to impersonate a high-level government minister at a political summit meeting in Qatar, shielding the minister from any assassination attempts. Suddenly, armed gunmen storm the room, killing everyone but Bourne. Their target, however, isn't the minister Bourne impersonates....it is Bourne himself. Kidnapped and transported to an underground bunker, Bourne finds himself face-to-face with an infamous terrorist named El Ghadan ("Tomorrow"). El Ghadan holds as his captive Soraya Moore, former co-director of Treadstone, and a close friend to Bourne, along with her two-year-old daughter. Meanwhile, the President of the United States is in the midst of brokering a historic peace treaty between the Israelis and the Palestinians—an event that El Ghadan is desperate to prevent. He demands that Bourne carry out a special mission: kill the President. If Bourne refuses, Soraya and her daughter will die. Bourne must make a monstrous choice: save Soraya and her daughter, or save the President. The Bourne Enigma (2016) The Bourne Enigma is the thirteenth novel in the Bourne series, published on June 21, 2016. On the eve of Russian general Boris Karpov's wedding, Jason Bourne receives an enigmatic message from his old friend and fellow spymaster. In Moscow, what should be a joyous occasion turns bloody and lethal. Now Bourne is the only one who can decipher Karpov's cryptogram. He discovers that Karpov has betrayed his sovereign to warn Bourne of a crippling disaster about to be visited on the world. Bourne has only four days to discover the nature of the disaster and stop it. The trail Karpov has been following leads Bourne to Cairo and the doorstep of Ivan Borz, the elusive international arms dealer infamous for hiding behind a never-ending series of false identities, a man Bourne has been hunting ever since he abducted former Treadstone director Soraya Moore and her two-year-old daughter and brutally murdered Soraya's husband. Bourne must travel to war-torn Syria and then Cyprus as he chases the astonishing truth. The clock is ticking, and Bourne has less than four days to solve Karpov's riddle—and hunt down Borz—if he hopes to prevent a cataclysmic international war . . . The Bourne Initiative (2017) The Bourne Initiative is the fourteenth novel in the Bourne series, and was published in July 2017. Gen. Boris Karpov, head of the feared Russian FSB, is dead. But Karpov has reached out from the grave with an unstoppable cyber operation he conceived in the months before his murder, aimed at the heart of the United States—a way to steal the president's nuclear launch codes. Who has taken over the operation? Karpov trusted only one man: Jason Bourne. But can Bourne be working against his own country? Gen. Arthur MacQuerrie, chief of the Dreadnaught Section of NSA and Morgana Broussard, head of the mysterious Meme, LLC, are convinced of Bourne's treasonous act, and will do everything in their power to kill him. Flushed from cover, hunted by the best assassins in the business, wounded and nearly killed, Bourne's only hope is to join forces with his bitterest enemy, a Somali magus named Keyre, whose terrorist forces Bourne once decimated. Now Keyre is more powerful than ever, with a burgeoning international network—a man who can help Bourne, but to what end? Lying in wait is the young woman Bourne saved from Keyre's torture, who now calls herself the Angelmaker. Both seductive and deadly, the Angelmaker loves Bourne, watches over him, but from whom does she take her orders? Is she ally or adversary? These are questions Bourne must answer before he can unravel the mystery of Boris Karpov's last legacy, a weaponized code that may very well bring about the unthinkable: a violent end to America.. The Bourne Nemesis (2019) The Bourne Nemesis is the fifteenth novel in the Bourne series, and had been scheduled to be published in 2019, but missed its publication date and no future publication date was given. Jason Bourne returns. He's fought against the NSA, Black off-site cyber operations, a Somali terrorist organisation and been accused of treason against the US. Now the Russians have planted a mole to uncover Bourne's secrets and launch cyber-warfare against the United States. Meanwhile, Bourne's former colleague, Soroya Moore, needs his help. Six highly skilled field agents have disappeared, the body parts of three found in a national park in Georgia. Facing death and destruction in the shadows of civilisation, Bourne will battle his deadliest nemesis yet. Written by Brian Freeman The Bourne Evolution (2020) Jason Bourne has gone rogue, leaving Treadstone behind and going on a new mission to infiltrate and expose an extremist group, called Medusa. And while more enemies begin to hunt down Bourne while he investigates, it's a race against time to discover who led him into this trap and what their next move is going to be. Television In 1988, a two-part made-for-television movie of The Bourne Identity aired on ABC. It starred Richard Chamberlain as Jason Bourne and Jaclyn Smith as Marie St. Jacques. The TV movie was largely faithful to Robert Ludlum's novel, both in plot as well as in the portrayal of the character of Jason Bourne. A spin-off of the Universal-produced film franchise entitled Treadstone began airing in October 2019 on USA Network. It explores the origins of the Treadstone program and operatives other than Bourne. Producer Ben Smith, who worked on the recent two Bourne films, said the show will tie into the next film in the franchise. Film The Jason Bourne novels were adapted into a series of films – The Bourne Identity (2002), The Bourne Supremacy (2004), The Bourne Ultimatum (2007), The Bourne Legacy (2012), and Jason Bourne (2016). The films retain the titles and some base elements but otherwise feature different plots independent of the novels. In these films, Bourne is portrayed by Matt Damon. Bourne does not appear in The Bourne Legacy, with the exception of his picture being featured in the film as well as brief discussions of how he's caused problems to the organization he worked for. As a result, the film focuses on the fallout in the intelligence community from Bourne's actions in Ultimatum. Legacy features Jeremy Renner as Aaron Cross, an operative in a different clandestine program evolved from Treadstone. Video games A video game titled Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Conspiracy was released in 2008 for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. The Ludlum estate obtained the rights to the video game franchise and sold it to Electronic Arts in 2009. EA planned to make several Bourne games. Their first game was to have been developed by Starbreeze Studios, but has since been shelved. Radical Entertainment were reportedly developing a Bourne game titled Treadstone after a former animator of the now-defunct developer released a rough test reel, but it has since been canceled. Franchise overview The Bourne franchise consists of several novels, movies, television series, a video game and a tourist attractions, all featuring one of the several versions of the Jason Bourne character. Robert Ludlum novels: The Bourne Identity (1980) The Bourne Supremacy (1986) The Bourne Ultimatum (1990) Eric Van Lustbader novels: The Bourne Legacy (2004) The Bourne Betrayal (2007) The Bourne Sanction (2008) The Bourne Deception (2009) The Bourne Objective (2010) The Bourne Dominion (2011) The Bourne Imperative (2012) The Bourne Retribution (2013) The Bourne Ascendancy (2014) The Bourne Enigma (2016) The Bourne Initiative (2017) The Bourne Nemesis (cancelled) Brian Freeman novels: The Bourne Evolution (2020) The Bourne Treachery (2021) Films: The Bourne Identity (1988 TV film) The Bourne Identity (2002) The Bourne Supremacy (2004) The Bourne Ultimatum (2007) The Bourne Legacy (2012) Jason Bourne (2016) Television series: Treadstone (2019) Video games: The Bourne Conspiracy (2008) Tourist attractions: The Bourne Stuntacular (2020) References Action film characters Characters in American novels of the 20th century Fictional assassins Fictional characters from Missouri Literary characters introduced in 1980 Book series introduced in 1980 Fictional characters with amnesia Fictional Central Intelligence Agency personnel Fictional United States Foreign Service personnel Fictional United States Army Delta Force personnel Fictional double agents Fictional sleeper agents Fictional eskrimadors Fictional Jeet Kune Do practitioners Fictional linguists Fictional professors Fictional schoolteachers Fictional super soldiers Fictional United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance personnel Fictional Vietnam War veterans Spy film characters Thriller film characters Universal Pictures characters

906652

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky%20Ball

Ricky Ball

Ricky Ball is a musician from New Zealand. He played drums in the following bands: the Beatboys, the Courtiers, Challenge, Ticket, Jimmy Sloggett Band, Tommy Ferguson's Goodtime Band, Rainbow, Hello Sailor, Woody, the Pink Flamingos (briefly, at the beginning) and Beaver. Woody (consisting of three-quarters of Ticket among the line up) was a resident band at Jilly's in Auckland, one of several nightclubs in New Zealand run by Maurice Greer, formerly of Human Instinct. According to Stranded in Paradise, Ricky Ball owned a boutique when he joined the Pink Flamingos and left when they were likely to be more than a resident band at Jilly's. Awards Aotearoa Music Awards The Aotearoa Music Awards (previously known as New Zealand Music Awards (NZMA)) are an annual awards night celebrating excellence in New Zealand music and have been presented annually since 1965. ! |- | 2011 || Ricky Ball(as part of Hello Sailor) || New Zealand Music Hall of Fame || || |- References Dix, John, Stranded in Paradise, Penguin, 2005. Eggleton, David, Ready To Fly, Craig Potton, 2003. External links Ticket at New Zealand Music of the 60's and 70's Hello Sailor at New Zealand Music of the 60's and 70's Living people Year of birth missing (living people) New Zealand drummers Male drummers

907638

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Brown%20%28British%20actor%29

Robert Brown (British actor)

Robert James Brown (23 July 192111 November 2003) was an English actor, best known for his portrayal of M in the James Bond films from 1983 to 1989, succeeding Bernard Lee, who died in 1981. Brown made his first appearance as M in Octopussy in 1983. Brown was born and died in Swanage, Dorset. Before appearing in the Bond films, he had a long career as a bit-part actor in films and television. He had a starring role in the 1950s television series Ivanhoe where he played Gurth, the faithful companion of Ivanhoe, played by Roger Moore. He had previously made an uncredited appearance as a castle guard in the unrelated 1952 film Ivanhoe. He had an uncredited appearance as the galley-master in Ben-Hur (1959) and as factory worker Bert Harker in the BBC's 1960s soap opera The Newcomers. In One Million Years B.C. (1966), he played grunting caveman Akhoba, brutal head of the barbaric "Rock tribe". Brown first started in the James Bond franchise in the film The Spy Who Loved Me as Admiral Hargreaves, appearing alongside Lee. After Lee's death in January 1981, Broccoli and the other producers, decided to leave M out of For Your Eyes Only out of respect for Lee and assigned his lines to M's Chief of Staff Bill Tanner. In 1983, Brown was hired to portray M on the recommendation of Bond actor Roger Moore, his Ivanhoe co-star and the father of Brown's goddaughter Deborah. It was never clearly established if Brown was the same M as Lee's character, or a different M, perhaps a promoted Hargreaves. In 1995, Brown was succeeded as M by Judi Dench in GoldenEye. Filmography Altogether, Robert Brown starred in five James Bond films. The Spy Who Loved Me (1977) – Admiral Hargreaves (possibly the same character as M he played in subsequent films) Octopussy (1983) – M A View to a Kill (1985) – M The Living Daylights (1987) – M Licence to Kill (1989) – M Other films: The Third Man (1949) – Policeman in sewer (coincidentally Bernard Lee is also in this film) (uncredited) Out of True (1951) – Dr. Dale The Dark Man (1951) – Policeman at Hospital (uncredited) Cloudburst (1951) – Carter Death of an Angel (1952) – Jim Pollard (uncredited) Derby Day (1952) – Foster – Berkeley's Butler (uncredited) Ivanhoe (1952) – Castle Guard (uncredited) Time Gentlemen, Please! (1952) – Bill Jordan The Gambler and the Lady (1952) – John – Waiter at Max's Dive (uncredited) Noose for a Lady (1953) – Jonas Rigg The Large Rope (1953) – Mick Jordan Passage Home (1955) – Shane The Dark Avenger (1955) – First French Knight Helen of Troy (1956) – Polydorus Lost (1956) – Farmer with Shotgun (uncredited) The Man Who Never Was (1956) – French (uncredited) A Hill in Korea (1956) – Private O'Brien Kill Me Tomorrow (1957) – Steve Ryan The Steel Bayonet (1957) – Company Sergeant Major Gill The Abominable Snowman (1957) – Ed Shelley Campbell's Kingdom (1957) – Ben Creasy Passport to Shame (1958) – Mike Shake Hands with the Devil (1959) – First Sergeant 'Black & Tans' Ben-Hur (1959) – Rowing Overseer (uncredited) Sink the Bismarck! (1960) – unnamed officer aboard (uncredited) The Challenge (1960) – Bob Crowther Sands of the Desert (1960) – 1st Tourist A Story of David (1961) – Jashobeam The 300 Spartans (1962) – Pentheus Live Now, Pay Later (1962) – (unconfirmed) Billy Budd (1962) – Arnold Talbot Mystery Submarine (1963) – Coxswain Drage Dr. Syn, Alias the Scarecrow (1963) – Sam Farley The Masque of the Red Death (1964) – Guard Clash by Night (1963) – Mawsley Operation Crossbow (1965) – Air Commodore One Million Years B.C. (1966) – Akhoba Un hombre solo (1969) Tintin and the Temple of the Sun (1969) – Tarragon (English version, voice, uncredited) Private Road (1971) – Mr Halpern Fun and Games (1971) – Ralph Wreck Raisers (1972) – Cox'n Demons of the Mind (1972) – Fischinger Mohammad, Messenger of God (1976) – Otba Jesus of Nazareth (1977, TV Mini-Series) – Pharisee Warlords of Atlantis (1978) – Briggs The Passage (1979) – Major Lion of the Desert (1981) – Al Fadeel The Forgotten Story (1983, TV series) – Captain Stevens Jugando con la muerte (1982) – 2nd bodyguard References External links 1921 births 2003 deaths English male film actors English male television actors People from Swanage Deaths from cancer in England

907667

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Thompson%20%28VC%29

James Thompson (VC)

William James Thompson (1830 – 5 December 1891) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Details Thompson was about 27 years old, and a private in the 1st Battalion, 60th Rifles (King's Royal Rifle Corps), British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 9 July 1857 at Delhi, British India Thompson was one of five men of the 1/60th elected under Section 13 of the Royal Warrant to receive the Victoria Cross for the Siege of Delhi. Two months later he was badly wounded in the assault on Delhi on 14 September 1857, the opening day of the battle that lasted until 20 September 1857 when the city was cleared of insurgents. His left arm was amputated and he was invalided out of the Army. The citation, published in the London Gazette of 20 January 1860, concludes with a commendation for his ‘conspicuous conduct throughout the siege’. The citation does not specify Delhi and some sources have interpreted the siege to be the more famous Siege of Lucknow although Thompson was not at Lucknow. The 1/60th was part of the Siege of Delhi, the other four 1/60th citations do state Delhi and the action saving the life of Captain Wilton on 9 July 1857 occurred at Delhi. Thompson was at Delhi between July and September 1857 by which time he had been severely wounded and saw no further active service. Memorials His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets (Rifles) Museum in Winchester, England. In December 2009, a memorial plaque to Thompson and two other recipients of the Victoria Cross, John Henry Carless and Charles George Bonner, was unveiled at the Town Hall in Walsall, England. There is a small memorial plaque in St Peter's Church, Yoxall, Staffordshire. It reads: References Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999) The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997) The Evolution Of The Victoria Cross (MJ Crook 1975) External links Location of grave and VC medal (Staffordshire) British recipients of the Victoria Cross King's Royal Rifle Corps soldiers People from Yoxall 1830 births 1891 deaths Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross Military personnel from Staffordshire

907697

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Thompson%20%28jurist%29

James Thompson (jurist)

James Thompson (October 1, 1806 – January 28, 1874) was a lawyer, politician and jurist from Pennsylvania. He served in the United States Congress and in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, where he was Speaker in 1835. He also served as a federal judge and as a member of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Life and career Thompson was born in Middlesex Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania on October 1, 1806. After learning the printing trade, Thompson studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1829 and practiced as a lawyer in Erie, Pennsylvania. Thompson served in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1832–1834 and in 1855 and served as Speaker in 1834. He was a delegate to the State constitutional convention in 1838, and the presiding judge of the sixth judicial district court from 1838 until 1844, when he was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives. Congress Thompson served in the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses, from March 4, 1845 until March 3, 1851. He was the chairman of the U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary during his second term. In the 31st Congress, Thompson became the first recorded Democratic Caucus Chairman and the first official chairman of any party caucus in either house of Congress. Pennsylvania Supreme Court Thompson did not run for reelection in 1850, but instead returned to practicing law. He became an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania from 1857 to 1866, and served as chief justice of that court from 1866 to 1872. Later career and death He returned to private practice until his death in Philadelphia on January 28, 1874. Thompson is interred in Woodlands Cemetery. References The Political Graveyard Members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania Members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives Pennsylvania lawyers Chief Justices of Pennsylvania Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania 1806 births 1874 deaths Pennsylvania Democrats Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives 19th-century American politicians Burials at The Woodlands Cemetery 19th-century American judges 19th-century American lawyers