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{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 38, "sc": 128, "ep": 38, "ec": 805} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 38 | 128 | 38 | 805 | Kingdom of Ireland | Ethnic conflict | ethnic conflict between the native Irish inhabitants and primarily the New English ruling caste (as well as a parallel conflict with settled Ulster-Scots). The regime privileged English culture (law, language, dress, religion, economic relations and definitions of land ownership) in Ireland, while the Gaelic culture and Irish language, though maintained to a significant extent by the majority of the native population was presented as "barbaric", "savage" or otherwise the mark of undesirability. While the Lordship of Ireland had existed since the 12th century and nominally owed allegiance to the English monarchy, many kingdoms of Gaelic Ireland continued to exist; this |
{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 38, "sc": 805, "ep": 38, "ec": 1446} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 38 | 805 | 38 | 1,446 | Kingdom of Ireland | Ethnic conflict | came to an end with the Kingdom of Ireland, where the whole island was brought under the centralised control of an Anglocentric regime based at Dublin. This phase of Irish history marked the beginning of an officially organised policy of settler colonialism, orchestrated from London and the incorporation of Ireland into the British Empire (indeed Ireland is called "England's first colony"). The theme is prominently addressed in Irish postcolonial literature.
The nominal religion of the native majority and its clergy; the Catholic Church in Ireland; was actively persecuted by the state and a set of Penal Laws in favour of the |
{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 38, "sc": 1446, "ep": 38, "ec": 2097} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 38 | 1,446 | 38 | 2,097 | Kingdom of Ireland | Ethnic conflict | Anglican Church in Ireland, highly damaging to the native Irish Catholics, were erected. There is some controversy that during Tudor times, elements within the government at times engaged in and advanced a genocidal policy against the Irish Gaels, while during the Plantations of Ireland (particularly successful in Ulster) the local population were displaced in a project of ethnic cleansing where regions of Ireland became de-Gaelicised, which led in turn to bloody retaliations, which drags on to modern times. Some of the native inhabitants, including their leadership were permitted to flee into exile from the country following ending up on the |
{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 38, "sc": 2097, "ep": 42, "ec": 56} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 38 | 2,097 | 42 | 56 | Kingdom of Ireland | Ethnic conflict & Coat of arms | losing side in conflicts (i.e. the Flight of the Earls and the Flight of the Wild Geese) or in the case of the Cromwellian regime were forced into indentured servitude in the Caribbean, following mass land confiscation for the benefit of New English settlers.
On the other hand, the fact that the kingdom had been a unitary state gave Irish nationalists in 1912–22 a reason to expect that in the process of increasing self-government the island of Ireland would be treated as a single political unit. Coat of arms The arms of the Kingdom of Ireland were blazoned: Azure, |
{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 42, "sc": 56, "ep": 42, "ec": 599} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 42 | 56 | 42 | 599 | Kingdom of Ireland | Coat of arms | a harp Or stringed Argent. A crown was not part of the arms but use of a crowned harp was apparently common as a badge or as a device. A crowned harp also appeared as a crest although the delineated crest was: a wreath Or and Azure, a tower (sometime triple-towered) Or, from the port, a hart springing Argent.
King James not only used the harp crowned as the device of Ireland, but quartered the harp in this royal achievement for the arms of that kingdom, in the third quarter of the royal achievement upon his Great Seal, as it has |
{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 42, "sc": 599, "ep": 42, "ec": 1151} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 42 | 599 | 42 | 1,151 | Kingdom of Ireland | Coat of arms | continued ever since. The blazon was azure, a harp or string argent, as appears by the great embroidered banner, and at the funeral of Queen Anne, King James' queen, AD 1618, and likewise by the great banner and banner of Ireland at the funeral of King James. The difference between the arms and device of Ireland appears to be on the crown only, which is added to the harp when used as a device.
At the funeral of King James was likewise carried the standard of the crest of Ireland, a buck proper (argent in the draught) issuing from a tower |
{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 42, "sc": 1151, "ep": 42, "ec": 1745} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 42 | 1,151 | 42 | 1,745 | Kingdom of Ireland | Coat of arms | triple towered or, which is the only instance of this crest that I have met, and therefore was probably devised and assigned for the crest of Ireland upon occasion of this funeral, but with what propriety I do not understand.
— Questions and Answers, Notes and Queries, 1855, p. 350
The insignia of Ireland have variously been given by early writers. In the reign of Edward IV, a commission appointed to enquire what were the arms of Ireland found them to be three crowns in pale. It has been supposed that these crowns were abandoned at the Reformation, from an idea that they |
{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 42, "sc": 1745, "ep": 42, "ec": 2290} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 42 | 1,745 | 42 | 2,290 | Kingdom of Ireland | Coat of arms | might denote the feudal sovereignty of the pope, whose vassal the king of England was, as lord of Ireland. However, in a manuscript in the Heralds' College of the time of Henry VII, the arms of Ireland are blazoned azure, a harp or, stringed argent; and when they were for the first time placed on the royal shield on the accession of James I. they were thus delineated: the crest is on a wreath or and azure, a tower (sometime triple-towered) or, from the port, a hart springing argent. Another crest is a harp or. The national flag of Ireland |
{"datasets_id": 3005, "wiki_id": "Q215530", "sp": 42, "sc": 2290, "ep": 42, "ec": 2562} | 3,005 | Q215530 | 42 | 2,290 | 42 | 2,562 | Kingdom of Ireland | Coat of arms | exhibits the harp in a field vert. The royal badge of Ireland, as settled by sign-manual in 1801 is a harp, or, stringed argent, and a trefoil vert, both ensigned with the imperial crown.
— Chambers' Encyclopædia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge, 1868, p. 627 |
{"datasets_id": 3006, "wiki_id": "Q6413144", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 210} | 3,006 | Q6413144 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 210 | Kingsburg, Nova Scotia | History & Economy | Kingsburg, Nova Scotia History King George lll issued a land grant of approximately 1350 acres to five foreign Protestant settlers, Leonard Hirtle, John Mossman, Peter Knack, Christian Hartman and John Kayser and Jacob Moser on July 5, 1787.
For many decades Kingsburg was mixed a fishing and farming community. By the mid twentieth century, with the widespread decline of small-scale Atlantic fishery, most fishing culture has disappeared. Economy Housebuilding is active in the community, with the first wave of construction buying and restoring older houses. With the landscape inspiring creative designers and hard working tradesmen, new custom homes with |
{"datasets_id": 3006, "wiki_id": "Q6413144", "sp": 10, "sc": 210, "ep": 10, "ec": 836} | 3,006 | Q6413144 | 10 | 210 | 10 | 836 | Kingsburg, Nova Scotia | Economy | views have been created for buyers. The evolution of Kingsburg into a vacation and retirement destination has had an impact on the population of this remote village. Today the area attracts a premium for house and land prices compared to nearby communities. A lot of new ground and roads have been opened for future development though about 80% of the houses are vacant during most of the year.
Much of the rural infrastructure for Upper and Lower Kingsburg is centered in Riverport, Nova Scotia. This includes Riverport Electric, the first municipal utility incorporated in Nova Scotia, the Riverport & District Fire |
{"datasets_id": 3006, "wiki_id": "Q6413144", "sp": 10, "sc": 836, "ep": 18, "ec": 214} | 3,006 | Q6413144 | 10 | 836 | 18 | 214 | Kingsburg, Nova Scotia | Economy & Culture & Geography | Department, Riverport & District Community Center, Riverport Community School and Riverport Post Office. Rose Bay General Store offers a wide range of locally based goods and services. The best location for retail goods is Bridgewater, Nova Scotia and dining is available in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. Culture Like many coastal communities on Nova Scotia's South Shore, Kingsburg has experienced major growth over the past 20 years. Geography The Kingsburg Peninsula extends from Rose Bay, around the headlands of Rose Head, Hell Point and Gaff Point to the LaHave River estuary. The Greater Kingsburg Peninsula includes the defined area plus West Ironbound |
{"datasets_id": 3006, "wiki_id": "Q6413144", "sp": 18, "sc": 214, "ep": 18, "ec": 312} | 3,006 | Q6413144 | 18 | 214 | 18 | 312 | Kingsburg, Nova Scotia | Geography | Island. Neighbouring areas to the Kingsburg Peninsula include Upper Kingsburg and Lower Rose Bay. |
{"datasets_id": 3007, "wiki_id": "Q10751602", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 440} | 3,007 | Q10751602 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 440 | Kingston, Nevada | Geography | Kingston, Nevada Geography Kingston is located in southern Lander County on the northeast side of the Toiyabe Range. Bunker Hill, the highest peak in Lander County, is located just a few miles to the northwest. Nevada State Route 376 runs past the community, leading north towards Austin, 20 miles (32 km) away, and south 90 miles (140 km) to Tonopah.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Kingston CDP has an area of 4.1 square miles (10.5 km²), all land. |
{"datasets_id": 3008, "wiki_id": "Q5959881", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 424} | 3,008 | Q5959881 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 424 | Kino Springs, Arizona | Geography | Kino Springs, Arizona Geography Kino Springs is located 3 miles (5 km) southeast of Beyerville and 5 miles (8 km) east of Nogales. Kino Springs lies on the western foothills of the Patagonia Mountains with the highest peak, Mount Washington, rising about four miles due east. The Mexican border lies about 1.5 miles to the south.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.27 square miles (0.7 km²), all of it land. |
{"datasets_id": 3009, "wiki_id": "Q16216667", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 222} | 3,009 | Q16216667 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 222 | Kionne McGhee | History & Florida House of Representatives | Kionne McGhee History McGhee was born in Miami, and attended Howard University, where he graduated with a degree in political science in 2000, and the Thurgood Marshall School of Law of Texas Southern University, where he received a Juris doctor. After graduating, McGhee wrote "A Mere I Can is American," his memoir, and started working as an assistant state attorney in Miami-Dade County. Florida House of Representatives In 2010, McGhee ran for the Florida House of Representatives in the 118th District, based in Miami-Dade County, in the Democratic primary against incumbent State Representative Dwight Bullard. In a closely fought election, |
{"datasets_id": 3009, "wiki_id": "Q16216667", "sp": 10, "sc": 222, "ep": 10, "ec": 842} | 3,009 | Q16216667 | 10 | 222 | 10 | 842 | Kionne McGhee | Florida House of Representatives | McGhee narrowly lost to Bullard by 399 votes, receiving 47% of the vote.
Florida House districts were reconfigured in 2012 and Bullard successfully ran for the Florida State Senate, meaning that the newly created 117th District, which included most of the territory in the previous 118th District, was an open seat. McGhee opted to run there, and was opposed by Carmen Morris and Harold Ford in the Democratic primary, whom he was able to comfortably defeat, receiving 65% of the vote to Morris's 17% and Ford's 20%. He advanced to the general election, where he was elected unopposed.
In 2014, when the |
{"datasets_id": 3009, "wiki_id": "Q16216667", "sp": 10, "sc": 842, "ep": 10, "ec": 1509} | 3,009 | Q16216667 | 10 | 842 | 10 | 1,509 | Kionne McGhee | Florida House of Representatives | legislature considered a bill that would have allowed "unlicensed gun owners to carry their weapons after evacuating during an emergency," which McGhee voted against when it was considered before the House Judiciary Committee, saying that it would result in "local militias." The Miami Herald praised McGhee for his "sensibly cast" vote against the legislation, which it called "misguided." Additionally, when the legislature failed to act on legislation sponsored by State Senator Dwight Bullard and State Representative Cynthia Stafford that would have raised the state's minimum wage from $7.93 to $10.10 an hour, McGhee joined several of his colleagues in living |
{"datasets_id": 3009, "wiki_id": "Q16216667", "sp": 10, "sc": 1509, "ep": 10, "ec": 1628} | 3,009 | Q16216667 | 10 | 1,509 | 10 | 1,628 | Kionne McGhee | Florida House of Representatives | on the minimum wage for a week, and was followed by TV cameras while he purchased food for the week at a Publix store. |
{"datasets_id": 3010, "wiki_id": "Q14600902", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 239} | 3,010 | Q14600902 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 239 | Kirsi Ahonen | Kirsi Ahonen Kirsi Ahonen (born 8 April 1976) is a retired Finnish javelin thrower.
She competed at the 2006 European Championships without reaching the final.
Her personal best throw was 60.98 metres, achieved in July 2006 in Helsinki. |
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{"datasets_id": 3011, "wiki_id": "Q5359902", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 18, "ec": 102} | 3,011 | Q5359902 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 102 | Kita-Sabae Station | Lines & Station layout & History & Passenger statistics | Kita-Sabae Station Lines Kita-Sabae Station is served by the Hokuriku Main Line, and is located 89.4 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Maibara. Station layout The station consists of one island platform connected to the station building by a footbridge. The station is unattended. History Kita-Sabae Station opened on 1 May 1955. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR West. Passenger statistics In fiscal 2016, the station was used by an average of 477 passengers daily (boarding passengers only). |
{"datasets_id": 3012, "wiki_id": "Q4389652", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 241} | 3,012 | Q4389652 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 241 | Kitasato University | History | Kitasato University History The school was named after Kitasato Shibasaburō. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Satoshi Ōmura, a professor at Kitasato University. |
{"datasets_id": 3013, "wiki_id": "Q6419576", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 187} | 3,013 | Q6419576 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 187 | Kladivo na čarodějnice | Film adaptation | Kladivo na čarodějnice Film adaptation In 1970, Otakar Vávra and Ester Krumbachová adapted the novel for the film Witchhammer, directed by Vávra and starring Elo Romancik. The film was banned by the Czechoslovakian government. |
{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 589} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 589 | Klamath Project | Klamath Project The Klamath Project is a water-management project developed by the United States Bureau of Reclamation to supply farmers with irrigation water and farmland in the Klamath Basin. The project also supplies water to the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge, and the Lower Klamath National Wildlife Refuge. The project was one of the first to be developed by the Reclamation Service, which later became the Bureau of Reclamation.
The two main sources supply water for the project are Upper Klamath Lake and the Klamath River. The main bodies of water in the Klamath Project are Clear |
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{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 4, "sc": 589, "ep": 4, "ec": 1213} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 4 | 589 | 4 | 1,213 | Klamath Project | Lake Reservoir, Klamath River, Link River, Lost River, Lower Klamath Lake, Tule Lake, and Upper Klamath Lake. The project fills these reservoirs from the spring runoff, peaking generally in March and April, and keeps the runoff from flooding the historical marshes that are a large portion of the present farmland. There are also many minor streams in the area. Lost River historically drained into Tule Lake, an endorheic lake. The project now diverts excess Lost River water to the Klamath River, allowing portions of Tule Lake to be reclaimed.
Some 225,000 acres (91,000 ha) of rangeland have been transformed |
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{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 4, "sc": 1213, "ep": 4, "ec": 1859} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 4 | 1,213 | 4 | 1,859 | Klamath Project | into active farmland through the Klamath Project. Of that total, 80,000 acres (32,000 ha) were recovered by draining a portion of Lower Klamath Lake, a shallow marsh straddling the Oregon-California border between the California towns of Dorris and Tulelake. Tule Lake was also reduced in size by diverting water from Lost River to the Klamath River.
Farmers in the project raise barley, alfalfa hay, and other hay, oats, potatoes, and wheat. The Klamath Basin is on the Pacific Flyway and the Klamath Basin National Wildlife Refuges Complex is visited by migratory game birds every year.
The project should not be confused with |
|
{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 4, "sc": 1859, "ep": 8, "ec": 394} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 4 | 1,859 | 8 | 394 | Klamath Project | History | the Klamath River Hydroelectric Project, a set of hydro dams on the mainstem of the Klamath operated by for-profit energy company PacifiCorp. The Link River Dam belongs to both. History Construction began on the project in 1906 with the building of the main "A" Canal. Water was first made available May 22, 1907. The Clear Lake Dam was completed in 1910, the Lost River Diversion Dam and many of the distribution structures in 1912, and the Anderson-Rose Diversion Dam (formally Lower Lost River Diversion Dam) in 1921. The Malone Diversion Dam on Lost River was built in 1923 to |
{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 8, "sc": 394, "ep": 8, "ec": 1026} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 8 | 394 | 8 | 1,026 | Klamath Project | History | divert water to Langell Valley.
A contract executed February 24, 1917, between the California-Oregon Power Company (now Pacific Power) and the United States authorized the company to construct the Link River Dam for the benefit of the project and for the company's use, and in particular extended to the water users of the Klamath Project certain preferential power rates. The dam was completed in 1921.
In more recent times, the Klamath Project has been the focus of nationwide controversy. The Lost River and Shortnose suckers were listed as endangered in 1988. This, as well as concerns for salmon runs, led to a |
{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 8, "sc": 1026, "ep": 8, "ec": 1613} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 8 | 1,026 | 8 | 1,613 | Klamath Project | History | cutoff of irrigation water to local farmers on April 6, 2001. After many protests by farmers and concerned citizens alike, the decision was reversed the next year. The impact of the salmon kill was detailed in the book Salmon is Everything. A 2002 report by the National Research Council however, determined that the decision to stop delivery of irrigation water in 2001 was not scientifically justified and that the 2002 fish kill was caused by a combination of natural factors.
A massive die off of salmon occurred in 2002 due to low water and high temperatures in the lower |
{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 8, "sc": 1613, "ep": 12, "ec": 102} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 8 | 1,613 | 12 | 102 | Klamath Project | History & Canals | reaches of the river during the salmon migration. Studies showed that drought conditions and low flow from the entire drainage were among the factors that caused a unique mix of conditions to allow a gill rot disease to attack the salmon population.
The conflict in balancing the economic and ecological concerns of the region was the focus of the 2006 book River of Renewal: Myth and History in the Klamath Basin. Today, there is still much antagonism between opposing sides on this issue. Canals There are over 717 miles (1,154 km) of canals, laterals and diversion channels in the Klamath Project. |
{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 12, "sc": 102, "ep": 12, "ec": 721} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 12 | 102 | 12 | 721 | Klamath Project | Canals | The canals transport irrigation water from Klamath Lake and the Klamath River, Clear Lake and the Lost River, and Tule Lake. There are two tunnels: the "A" Canal (the main canal that starts just above the Link River Dam) has an underground section as it flows through Klamath Falls, and the Tule Lake Tunnel.
There are almost 728 miles (1,172 km) of drainage canals in the Klamath Project which allow land that would otherwise be wetlands to be farmed. The Lower Klamath Lake was 80,000 acres (32,000 ha) before it was drained and would naturally evaporate about 240,000 acre feet (300,000,000 m³) each summer. |
{"datasets_id": 3014, "wiki_id": "Q6419647", "sp": 12, "sc": 721, "ep": 16, "ec": 115} | 3,014 | Q6419647 | 12 | 721 | 16 | 115 | Klamath Project | Canals & Pumps | This is roughly equivalent to the annual delivery of the A canal. Pumps There are 28 pumping stations in the Klamath Project. These pumps have a total output of over 1937 ft³/s (55 m³/s). |
{"datasets_id": 3015, "wiki_id": "Q2877463", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 418} | 3,015 | Q2877463 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 418 | Kline, South Carolina | Geography | Kline, South Carolina Geography Kline is located in southern Barnwell County at 33°7′28″N 81°20′35″W (33.124363, -81.343057). U.S. Route 278 passes through the center of the town, leading north 8 miles (13 km) to Barnwell, the county seat, and south 8 miles (13 km) to Allendale.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 3.1 square miles (8.1 km²), of which 0.027 square miles (0.07 km²), or 0.81%, is water. |
{"datasets_id": 3016, "wiki_id": "Q3174253", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 615} | 3,016 | Q3174253 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 615 | Klumpke-Roberts Award | Klumpke-Roberts Award The Klumpke-Roberts Award, one of seven international and national awards for service to astronomy and astronomy education given by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, was established from a bequest by astronomer Dorothea Klumpke-Roberts to honor her husband Isaac Roberts and her parents.
It recognizes outstanding contributions to the public understanding and appreciation of astronomy. It is open to "individuals involved in science, education, writing/publishing, broadcasting, astronomy popularization, the arts, or other pursuits" from all nations and is the most prestigious award of its kind. |
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{"datasets_id": 3017, "wiki_id": "Q210252", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 40} | 3,017 | Q210252 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 40 | Klyuchevskaya Sopka | 2007 eruption & 2010 eruption | Klyuchevskaya Sopka 2007 eruption Beginning in early January 2007, the Klyuchevskaya volcano began another eruption cycle. Students from the University of Alaska Fairbanks and scientists of the Alaska Volcano Observatory traveled to Kamchatka in the spring to monitor the eruption. On 28 June 2007, the volcano began to experience the largest explosions so far recorded in this eruption cycle. An ash plume from the eruption reached a height of 10 km (33,000 ft) before drifting eastward, disrupting air traffic from the United States to Asia and causing ashfalls on Alaska's Unimak Island. 2010 eruption As early as 27 February 2010, gas plumes |
{"datasets_id": 3017, "wiki_id": "Q210252", "sp": 10, "sc": 40, "ep": 14, "ec": 171} | 3,017 | Q210252 | 10 | 40 | 14 | 171 | Klyuchevskaya Sopka | 2010 eruption & 2012 eruptions | had erupted from Klyuchevskaya Sopka (reaching elevations of 7,000 m (23,000 ft)) and during the first week of March 2010, both explosive ash eruptions and effusive lava eruptions occurred until, by 9 March, the ash cloud was reported to have reached an elevation of 6,000 m (20,000 ft). Also, significant thermal anomalies have been reported and gas-steam plumes extended roughly 50 km (31 mi) to the north-east from the volcano on 3 March. 2012 eruptions On 15 October 2012 the volcano had a weak eruption that stopped the following day. Also a weak thermal eruption occurred on 29 November 2012, then stopped again, as all of |
{"datasets_id": 3017, "wiki_id": "Q210252", "sp": 14, "sc": 171, "ep": 18, "ec": 508} | 3,017 | Q210252 | 14 | 171 | 18 | 508 | Klyuchevskaya Sopka | 2012 eruptions & 2013 eruptions | its neighboring volcanoes Bezymianny, Karymsky, Kizimen, Shiveluch, and Tolbachik erupted more actively and continuously, taking a major magma supply load off of Klyuchevskaya Sopka. 2013 eruptions On 25 January 2013 the volcano had a weak or lazy-type strombolian eruption that stopped the following day. During January 2013, all volcanoes in the eastern part of Kamchatka —Bezymianny, Karymsky, Kizimen, Klyuchevskaya Sopka (aka Kliuchevskoi), Shiveluch, and Tolbachik erupted except Kamen (volcano).
On August 15, 2013, the volcano had another weak Strombolian eruption with some slight lava flow that put on an excellent fireworks display before stopping on August 21, 2013, when Gorely Volcano |
{"datasets_id": 3017, "wiki_id": "Q210252", "sp": 18, "sc": 508, "ep": 18, "ec": 1198} | 3,017 | Q210252 | 18 | 508 | 18 | 1,198 | Klyuchevskaya Sopka | 2013 eruptions | woke up and started erupting again in relief of Klyuchevskaya Sopka.
On October 12, Klyuchevskaya had another three days of on-and-off eruptions with anomalies and a short ash plume, possibly indicating Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity. An explosion from a new cinder cone low on Kliuchevskoi's southwest flank occurred on October 12. An ash plume rose to altitudes of 6–7 km (20,000–23,000 ft), and drifted eastward. The eruptions weakened and paused by October 16, 2013.
On November 19, a strong explosion occurred, and observers reported that ash plumes rose to altitudes of 10–12 km (33,000–39,000 ft) and drifted southeast. The Aviation Color Code was raised to |
{"datasets_id": 3017, "wiki_id": "Q210252", "sp": 18, "sc": 1198, "ep": 18, "ec": 1843} | 3,017 | Q210252 | 18 | 1,198 | 18 | 1,843 | Klyuchevskaya Sopka | 2013 eruptions | Red. Later that day the altitudes of the ash plumes were lower and the eruptions weakened and stopped again.
On December 7, activity at Kliuchevskoi significantly increased, having continued during November 29 – December 7, prompting KVERT to raise the Alert Level to Red. Ash plumes rose to altitudes of 5.5–6 km (18,000–20,000 ft) above sea level and drifted more than 212 km northeast and over 1,000 km east. According to a news article, a warning to aircraft was issued for the area around the volcanoes. Video showed gas-and-steam activity, and satellite images detected a daily weak thermal anomaly. On December 9, the Alert Level |
{"datasets_id": 3017, "wiki_id": "Q210252", "sp": 18, "sc": 1843, "ep": 22, "ec": 364} | 3,017 | Q210252 | 18 | 1,843 | 22 | 364 | Klyuchevskaya Sopka | 2013 eruptions & 2015 eruptions | was lowered to Green when the eruptions abruptly stopped. 2015 eruptions On January 2, 2015, after a one-year period of inactivity, the volcano had a strombolian eruption which stopped on January 16, 2015. Minor eruptions resumed on March 10, 2015 and stopped on March 24, 2015. On August 27, 2015 the volcano had another strombolian eruption which ended 16 hours later. This type of minor eruptions continued through 2016 and into 2017. |
{"datasets_id": 3018, "wiki_id": "Q1751581", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 567} | 3,018 | Q1751581 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 567 | Knife throwing | Basic principles | Knife throwing Basic principles Knife throwing, whether in a martial or sport application, involves the same basic principles of mechanics. The objective in each case is for the point to stick into the target with a sufficient amount of force. For this to be successful, accuracy, distance, number of rotations and placement of the body all must be taken into account.
If the thrower uses a spin technique, the knife will rotate during flight. This means that the thrower, assuming they are throwing the same way every time, must either choose a specific distance for each type of throw or, |
{"datasets_id": 3018, "wiki_id": "Q1751581", "sp": 6, "sc": 567, "ep": 6, "ec": 1063} | 3,018 | Q1751581 | 6 | 567 | 6 | 1,063 | Knife throwing | Basic principles | more practically, make slight adjustments to the placement of the knife in the hand or to the throwing movement. Another adjustment that can be made is the way the knife is held. If it is held at the blade when it is thrown, this makes it spin half, whereas if it is held by the handle, this makes a full spin. So if the thrower estimates he needs one and a half spins for the point to hit the target, he would hold the knife from the blade when it is thrown. If he feels he needs two full spins |
{"datasets_id": 3018, "wiki_id": "Q1751581", "sp": 6, "sc": 1063, "ep": 6, "ec": 1615} | 3,018 | Q1751581 | 6 | 1,063 | 6 | 1,615 | Knife throwing | Basic principles | for it to hit the target point-first, then it would be held by the handle.
With the much more intricate no spin throwing techniques, the throwing motion is made as linear as possible, the knife's rotation being slowed down even more by an index finger on the spine during release. Thrown no spin, knives will make no revolution or only a quarter spin before reaching the target (point first), but the no spin throws are not as accurate or stable in flight as the spin techniques. The knife does not need to be sharp to stick, as long as it has |
{"datasets_id": 3018, "wiki_id": "Q1751581", "sp": 6, "sc": 1615, "ep": 10, "ec": 542} | 3,018 | Q1751581 | 6 | 1,615 | 10 | 542 | Knife throwing | Basic principles & Sport | a point, it will stick into your target. Sport In the USA and in many European countries, there are communities of people pursuing knife throwing as a sport, similar to archery. For example, in Europe more than 25 knife throwing clubs exist.
The competition itself consists, in the most common form, of a series of straight throws aimed at a set of standard wooden targets or in some cases foam. Similar to an archery target, competition knife throwing targets have a bullseye surrounded by one or more rings. A sticking knife scores points. The thrower must be standing at least a |
{"datasets_id": 3018, "wiki_id": "Q1751581", "sp": 10, "sc": 542, "ep": 14, "ec": 278} | 3,018 | Q1751581 | 10 | 542 | 14 | 278 | Knife throwing | Sport & Martial arts | set distance away from the target, with higher distances for more challenging events. IKTHOF keeps a ranking of its members based on their performance during these sponsored competitions. EuroThrowers maintains a register of the world records, and for each championship publishes the full scores together with the meetings' reports. Martial arts Although it was popularized in the US in the late 19th century by traveling acts such as the Barnum & Bailey Circus, the history of knife throwing dates much further back. The art of knife throwing was first used in martial arts or hunting applications. It has been incorporated |
{"datasets_id": 3018, "wiki_id": "Q1751581", "sp": 14, "sc": 278, "ep": 18, "ec": 208} | 3,018 | Q1751581 | 14 | 278 | 18 | 208 | Knife throwing | Martial arts & Representations | into the martial disciplines of the Japanese as well as some African and Native American tribes. In such cases, throwing a weapon when fighting is generally thought of as a risk. If unsuccessful, it can leave the thrower without a weapon and arm his attacker. However, many warriors traditionally carried two or more weapons at the same time. Representations The opera Queen of Knives, which premiered in Portland, Oregon on May 7, 2010 tells the story of a brother and sister knife throwing act in the midst of the student protests in Birmingham in the early 1960s. |
{"datasets_id": 3019, "wiki_id": "Q15072903", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 606} | 3,019 | Q15072903 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 606 | Knightwatch | Summary | Knightwatch Summary Knightwatch centers around the activities of the "Knights of the City", a volunteer group set up to assist law enforcement. It was largely made up of ex-gang members (and was modeled after a similar real-life group, the Guardian Angels); the program focused on its charismatic leader, Tony Maldonado (Benjamin Bratt). Operating out of donated space in the basement of a church, the group practiced martial arts and other unarmed techniques since they were not commissioned police officers and did not use firearms. Keeping young people with violent pasts from reverting to this pattern in their new-found |
{"datasets_id": 3019, "wiki_id": "Q15072903", "sp": 6, "sc": 606, "ep": 6, "ec": 932} | 3,019 | Q15072903 | 6 | 606 | 6 | 932 | Knightwatch | Summary | calling was a constant challenge to Tony, as were the interpersonal relationships constantly developing among his young colleagues.
Knightwatch was a Nielsen ratings failure, due to being forced to compete with NBC's The Cosby Show and A Different World and CBS's 48 Hours. It was cancelled after 3 months on the air. |
{"datasets_id": 3020, "wiki_id": "Q1187027", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 554} | 3,020 | Q1187027 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 554 | Ko Ishikawa | Club career | Ko Ishikawa Club career Ishikawa established himself as one of the most unflappable defenders in the league as a side back at Verdy Kawasaki in the early 1990s, and he maintained that reputation for almost ten years. Though his speed on the overlap began to fade as he got older, Ishikawa was a key contributor on offense as well, with a very accurate cross. Born in Bolivia to a Japanese foreign affairs official, he began playing football at a young age for the renowned and prestigious Tahuichi Academy. Considering his good form, Ishikawa was selected to play for Bolivia in |
{"datasets_id": 3020, "wiki_id": "Q1187027", "sp": 6, "sc": 554, "ep": 6, "ec": 1114} | 3,020 | Q1187027 | 6 | 554 | 6 | 1,114 | Ko Ishikawa | Club career | the 1985 U-16 World Championship held in China and the 1987 U-16 World Championship held in Canada. In his younger years, when he had the speed to outrun defenders down the right wing, he could be truly dangerous on both ends, but his specialty was always on defense. He developed good instincts and positioning during a short stint in Brazil, before the J1 League was created, and returned to Japan to join Verdy Kawasaki in 1992 as one of the new league's young stars. He was a member of two championship teams with Verdy, and helped Nagoya Grampus Eight to |
{"datasets_id": 3020, "wiki_id": "Q1187027", "sp": 6, "sc": 1114, "ep": 6, "ec": 1262} | 3,020 | Q1187027 | 6 | 1,114 | 6 | 1,262 | Ko Ishikawa | Club career | an Emperor's Cup crown. Even though he maintained a steady performance down through the years, he was never considered for the Japan national team. |
{"datasets_id": 3021, "wiki_id": "Q1121484", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 533} | 3,021 | Q1121484 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 533 | Ko fight | Ko threats and ko fights | Ko fight Ko threats and ko fights The existence of ko fights is implied by the rule of ko, a special rule of the game that prevents immediate repetition of position, by a short 'loop' in which a single stone is captured, and another single stone immediately taken back. The rule states that the immediate recapture is forbidden, for one turn only. This gives rise to the following procedure: the 'banned' player makes a play, which may have no particular good qualities, but which demands an instant reply. Then the ban has come to its end, and recapture is possible. |
{"datasets_id": 3021, "wiki_id": "Q1121484", "sp": 6, "sc": 533, "ep": 10, "ec": 58} | 3,021 | Q1121484 | 6 | 533 | 10 | 58 | Ko fight | Ko threats and ko fights & Practical evaluation | This kind of distracting play is termed a ko threat.
If White, say, chooses to play a ko threat, and Black responds to the threat instead of ending the ko in some fashion, then White can recapture the stone that began the ko. This places Black in the same position that White was formerly in: Black can choose to give up the ko, or to find a ko threat. If Black and White alternate making ko threats with recapturing the ko, they are having a ko fight. Practical evaluation Before deciding to start a ko, it is worthwhile evaluating |
{"datasets_id": 3021, "wiki_id": "Q1121484", "sp": 10, "sc": 58, "ep": 10, "ec": 630} | 3,021 | Q1121484 | 10 | 58 | 10 | 630 | Ko fight | Practical evaluation | what threats are available to both players, so that one can decide which side is likely to win the ko fight. Many of the playing skills come together in ko fighting (evaluating the value of moves; reading ahead to find likely moves of the opponent and best responses; choosing the best order of moves), and it is a topic of much discussion among players. This also causes many beginners to be fearful of fighting a ko, since they are not confident of their ability to evaluate threats.
The importance of a ko varies dramatically depending on the positions of the |
{"datasets_id": 3021, "wiki_id": "Q1121484", "sp": 10, "sc": 630, "ep": 14, "ec": 186} | 3,021 | Q1121484 | 10 | 630 | 14 | 186 | Ko fight | Practical evaluation & Complex situations involving ko | two players. Some kos offer very little gain for either player, such as three points or less. Others control the fate of large portions of the board, sometimes even the whole board, and the outcome of those kos can determine the winner of the game. For this reason, finding and using ko threats well is a very important skill. Complex situations involving ko One curiosity is the existence of multiple kos on the same board at the same time. A double ko is a situation when two kos are potentially being fought, simultaneously and affecting the |
{"datasets_id": 3021, "wiki_id": "Q1121484", "sp": 14, "sc": 186, "ep": 14, "ec": 751} | 3,021 | Q1121484 | 14 | 186 | 14 | 751 | Ko fight | Complex situations involving ko | same local position. Such positions are uncommon, but do sometimes arise in actual play, affecting life and death or connection issues. Two kos cannot actually form a large loop.
A triple ko is when three kos are being fought simultaneously. In this case a long loop, of period six plays, can occur, not being ruled out by the ko rule: it is possible for the two players to continually take and retake the three kos in a fixed cyclic order. If both players judge this to be the best line of play, then the game could, theoretically, continue forever. When |
{"datasets_id": 3021, "wiki_id": "Q1121484", "sp": 14, "sc": 751, "ep": 14, "ec": 1310} | 3,021 | Q1121484 | 14 | 751 | 14 | 1,310 | Ko fight | Complex situations involving ko | there are three kos on the board, it does not follow that there will be a triple ko: as long as one player can concede two out of three and still be ahead, there is no reason for the loop to persist; and normally that is true. When such a position does occur, the game is called off and the opponents begin a new game. However, this only occurs with the so-called "basic ko rule" that one cannot recapture immediately.
There are other, stronger ko rules, the main class being superko, where repeating positions of any cycle length are impossible: see |
{"datasets_id": 3021, "wiki_id": "Q1121484", "sp": 14, "sc": 1310, "ep": 14, "ec": 1630} | 3,021 | Q1121484 | 14 | 1,310 | 14 | 1,630 | Ko fight | Complex situations involving ko | Rules of Go. Such events, however, are extremely uncommon and many go players may play their whole lives without restarting a game due to a triple ko.
Such rule issues, therefore, are more a matter of principle, although considerable attention has been devoted to them: see Sensei's Library's overview. |
{"datasets_id": 3022, "wiki_id": "Q11589782", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 543} | 3,022 | Q11589782 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 543 | Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club | Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club The Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club, was founded on September 23, 1870 by Alexander Cameron Sim, and is usually credited with being Japan's oldest sports club. Certainly it is the oldest club founded and still running under its original name. (Note - the Yokohama Country and Athletic Club was formed in 1884, when it absorbed various older clubs in the area). In 2020 the Club celebrates its 150th Anniversary. The Club moved to a newly manufactured building at the end of 1870 and held its first-ever regatta on December 24, of that same year. |
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{"datasets_id": 3022, "wiki_id": "Q11589782", "sp": 4, "sc": 543, "ep": 4, "ec": 998} | 3,022 | Q11589782 | 4 | 543 | 4 | 998 | Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club | The Club and its members have been variously credited with introducing many sports to Japan, including Association Football, Field Hockey, Cricket, Rugby, the Crawl (swimming) and Ten-Pin bowling!
Association Football was introduced in to the club in 1888 and the first official football match in Japan is widely believed to have been held on February 18, 1888 between the KR&AC and its Yokohama counterpart, the Yokohama Country & Athletic Club. |
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{"datasets_id": 3023, "wiki_id": "Q2902829", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 602} | 3,023 | Q2902829 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 602 | Kobi Moyal | Career | Kobi Moyal Career Moyal played in the youth system of Beitar Jerusalem until 2006. Moyal joined the senior team at 2006–07 season, and won the championship, while concurrently with the youth team won the double.
Moyal was loaned to Hapoel Kfar Saba at 2007–08 season and on 2008–09 season to Bnei Yehuda Tel Aviv. On 2009–10 Israeli Premier League season returned to Beitar Jerusalem.
On August 12, 2013 signed Moyal one year with an option for another year in Sheriff Tiraspol. Moyal played one season, won the championship and was chosen to the Midfielder of the year in Moldova.
On 15 May 2014 |
{"datasets_id": 3023, "wiki_id": "Q2902829", "sp": 6, "sc": 602, "ep": 6, "ec": 981} | 3,023 | Q2902829 | 6 | 602 | 6 | 981 | Kobi Moyal | Career | he got his first call-up to Israel national football team towards the games against Mexico and Honduras.
On 21 July 2014, Moyal signed for two years in Maccabi Haifa.
On 16 June 2016, Moyal came back to Beitar Jerusalem for one year. On 12 June 2017, after 13 league games in Beitar, Moyal was released from the team.
He later signed for New York Cosmos. |
{"datasets_id": 3024, "wiki_id": "Q941519", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 535} | 3,024 | Q941519 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 535 | Koen Daerden | Career | Koen Daerden Career Daerden was born in Tongeren. Before he signed a one-year contract with Club Brugge in June 2006, he was captain of his former club, K.R.C. Genk. It was rumoured that Brugge had paid a transfer fee of €4,000,000 for the left winger. On 15 January 2010, Standard Liege signed the midfielder from Club Brugge until June 2013. However, after a loan spell at Sint-Truiden, he was released in the summer of 2013 due to a lack of play time. After being on trial with Dutch side Willem II in the summer of 2013, Daerden eventually signed with |
{"datasets_id": 3024, "wiki_id": "Q941519", "sp": 6, "sc": 535, "ep": 14, "ec": 204} | 3,024 | Q941519 | 6 | 535 | 14 | 204 | Koen Daerden | Career & International career & Personal life | Dutch Eerste Divisie side MVV Maastricht. On the last day of 2013, Daerden decided to retire from professional football as a result of sustained injuries. International career Daerden also played 10 times for the Belgian national team. Personal life Daeden and his girlfriend Lisbeth became parents for the first time on 2 November 2006 of twin boys Sander and Brian. Koen is the son of ex-footballer Jos Daerden. Koen has one younger brother, born 1986. |
{"datasets_id": 3025, "wiki_id": "Q720107", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 277} | 3,025 | Q720107 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 277 | Koeru Parish | Settlements | Koeru Parish Settlements 1 small borough: Koeru.
26 villages: Abaja, Aruküla, Ervita, Jõeküla, Kalitsa, Kapu, Koidu-Ellavere, Kuusna, Laaneotsa, Liusvere, Merja, Norra, Preedi, Puhmu, Rõhu, Salutaguse, Santovi, Tammiku, Tudre, Udeva, Vahuküla, Väinjärve, Valila, Vao, Visusti and Vuti. |
{"datasets_id": 3026, "wiki_id": "Q441491", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 612} | 3,026 | Q441491 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 612 | Koizumi Matajirō | Early life | Koizumi Matajirō Early life Koizumi was born in Mutsuura, Musashi Province (part of present-day Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama) to Koizumi Yoshibe, a scaffolder, and his wife Yuki. He moved to nearby Yokosuka, Kanagawa with his parents, where his father worked as a procurer of day laborers, carpenters, steeplejacks and materials for the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal. The young Koizumi grew up in a rough environment. In 1878, after graduating from the predecessor of Yokosuka Elementary School, he tried to enlist in a preparatory school for Imperial Japanese Navy officer candidates, but was returned home when it was discovered he was underage and did |
{"datasets_id": 3026, "wiki_id": "Q441491", "sp": 6, "sc": 612, "ep": 6, "ec": 1167} | 3,026 | Q441491 | 6 | 612 | 6 | 1,167 | Koizumi Matajirō | Early life | not have his father’s permission. He attempted the same again in 1880 to a preparatory school for the Imperial Japanese Army. On the death of his elder brother, he was forced to inherit his father’s business and around this time obtained a large tattoo of a red dragon which covered most of his back and upper arms, and was addressed as “boss” by his fellow steeplejacks. He also became a member of the Rikken Kaishintō in 1887 and around this time married Ayabe Nao, a 30-year-old geisha. In 1907, he had his only child, a daughter Yoshie who gave birth |
{"datasets_id": 3026, "wiki_id": "Q441491", "sp": 6, "sc": 1167, "ep": 6, "ec": 1778} | 3,026 | Q441491 | 6 | 1,167 | 6 | 1,778 | Koizumi Matajirō | Early life | to Junichirō and other four children, with one of his concubine, Hatsu Ishikawa, who later was married to another men.
In 1889, Koizumi became a reporter for the Mainichi Shimbun, and in 1903 was elected to the Kanagawa Prefectural Assembly. Vocal in support of ultranationalist causes, he participated in the Hibiya Incendiary Incident in protest of the Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905. In 1907, Koizumi was elected to the Yokosuka city assembly, and in the 1908 General Election successfully ran for a seat in the lower house of the Diet of Japan. He was reelected 12 consecutive times, holding his seat |
{"datasets_id": 3026, "wiki_id": "Q441491", "sp": 6, "sc": 1778, "ep": 6, "ec": 2440} | 3,026 | Q441491 | 6 | 1,778 | 6 | 2,440 | Koizumi Matajirō | Early life | of 38 years until the end of World War II. He rose to the post of secretary-general of the Kenseikai and was a leader in the movement towards universal suffrage, leading mass rallies in Tokyo. In 1924, he became Vice-Chairman of the House and also served as secretary-general of the Rikken Minseitō from 1928-1929 and 1937-1938.
In 1929, Koizumi was appointed Communications Minister in the 4th Hamaguchi administration and 2nd Wakatsuki administration. During this time, he was nicknamed the "wild man" or "irezumi minister", from his flamboyant speeches. As minister, he unsuccessfully sought to privatize the Japanese postal system.
In 1942, |
{"datasets_id": 3026, "wiki_id": "Q441491", "sp": 6, "sc": 2440, "ep": 10, "ec": 244} | 3,026 | Q441491 | 6 | 2,440 | 10 | 244 | Koizumi Matajirō | Early life & Legacy | Koizumi became mayor of Yokosuka. In 1937, he joined the Imperial Rule Assistance Association and was appointed deputy chairman. In 1944, he was an advisor to Prime Minister Kuniaki Koiso. He was selected to be a member of the House of Peers, but in 1946, under the occupation of Japan, he was purged from public office. He died in 1951. Legacy Koizumi's son-in-law, Jun'ya Koizumi, became a director general of the Japan Defense Agency and a second-generation member of the Diet of Japan. Koizumi's grandson, Jun'ichirō Koizumi, served as the Prime Minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006 and |
{"datasets_id": 3026, "wiki_id": "Q441491", "sp": 10, "sc": 244, "ep": 10, "ec": 420} | 3,026 | Q441491 | 10 | 244 | 10 | 420 | Koizumi Matajirō | Legacy | inherited his grandfather's idea of postal privatization; Jun'ichirō had himself been Minister of Posts and Telecommunications in 1992-93 under Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa. |
{"datasets_id": 3027, "wiki_id": "Q2728994", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 511} | 3,027 | Q2728994 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 511 | Kokrajhar (town) | Geography & Demographics | Kokrajhar (town) Geography Kokrajhar is located at 26.4°N 90.27°E. It has an average elevation of 38 metres (124 feet). Demographics It is inhibited by people of different ethnicities and cultures. The main inhabitants are Bodos, Koch Rajbongshi Nepali, Assamese, Bengalis, Garo, and Santalis. Bodos and other tribals can be seen in most of the villages while Bengalis, Nepalis, Biharis and Marwaris are seen as merchants in Market areas. The tea tribes can also be seen in the tea gardens.
As of 2001 India census, Kokrajhar had a population of 31,152. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Kokrajhar has an |
{"datasets_id": 3027, "wiki_id": "Q2728994", "sp": 10, "sc": 511, "ep": 14, "ec": 425} | 3,027 | Q2728994 | 10 | 511 | 14 | 425 | Kokrajhar (town) | Demographics & Transportation | average literacy rate of 79%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 74%. In Kokrajhar, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age. The district has 3 sub divisions Kokrajhar, Gossaigaon and Basugaon. Transportation Kokrajhar is served by the Assam State Transport Corporation.
The Kokrajhar railway station lies on the New Jalpaiguri–New Bongaigaon section of Barauni–Guwahati line under the Northeast Frontier Railway with services to important cities of the country like Guwahati, Kolkata, New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai etc.
Important trains like Rajdhani Express, Kamrup Express, Brahmaputra Mail, North East Express, Vivek |
{"datasets_id": 3027, "wiki_id": "Q2728994", "sp": 14, "sc": 425, "ep": 26, "ec": 153} | 3,027 | Q2728994 | 14 | 425 | 26 | 153 | Kokrajhar (town) | Transportation & Education & Politics & Sports | Express, Garib Rath Express etc. have their stoppage at Kokrajhar railway station. Education The town has many schools and colleges with English being the sole medium of instruction in higher education. All the colleges under the jurisdiction of Bodoland Territorial Council is affiliated under Bodoland University since 2017. Politics Kokrajhar consists of three assembly constituencies: Kokrajhar East, Kokrajhar West and Gossaigaon, which all are part of Kokrajhar (Lok Sabha constituency). Sports Football is the most popular sport in the town. The town has many Football clubs of which Baarhoongkha AC is the most widely known as they participate in |
{"datasets_id": 3027, "wiki_id": "Q2728994", "sp": 26, "sc": 153, "ep": 26, "ec": 400} | 3,027 | Q2728994 | 26 | 153 | 26 | 400 | Kokrajhar (town) | Sports | the state level Assam State Premier League. The town has also produced many national level athletes. Other sports followed in the town are Badminton, Basketball, Volleyball, Taekwondo, Kabaddi, Chess, Archery, Cricket and other indigenous sports. |
{"datasets_id": 3028, "wiki_id": "Q4521609", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 8, "ec": 286} | 3,028 | Q4521609 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 286 | Kokuba River | Poisoning | Kokuba River The Kokuba River (国場川 Kokubagawa) is a river in Naha, Okinawa, and is the hydrographic resource for domestic urban fresh water. A number of geographical places on Okinawa bear its name, such as Lake Man Park (漫湖公園) and Kokuba Danchi (国場団地). The river flows into the East China Sea. Poisoning The river and people living around it suffered when pentachlorophenol herbicides were dumped into the river, obtained from the U.S. military by a civilian company in 1971, when it was still a US territory. Some 30,000 Okinawans had used the river for water supply, which was halted when |
{"datasets_id": 3028, "wiki_id": "Q4521609", "sp": 8, "sc": 286, "ep": 8, "ec": 608} | 3,028 | Q4521609 | 8 | 286 | 8 | 608 | Kokuba River | Poisoning | school children came down with abdominal pain and nausea. Okinawa continues to suffer from extremely elevated levels of dioxins far beyond allowed limits, from the areas in and surrounding its US military bases, which are adjacent urban population centers, despite decades of denials and cleanup refusals by US officials. |
{"datasets_id": 3029, "wiki_id": "Q474475", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 14, "ec": 342} | 3,029 | Q474475 | 2 | 0 | 14 | 342 | Kolkwitz | History & Tourism & Clubs | Kolkwitz History First documentation concerning Kolkwitz is based in the 13th century. Tourism Pictures from Kolkwitz can be found here.
Clicking the pictures gives you further information ( German only).
There's a bunker of former airforce of German Democratic Republic (GS-31), which can be visited. website
Hotels and restaurants are listed here. Clubs Biggest sportsclub in Kolkwitz is the SV Kolkwitz 1896 e.V. .
Kolkwitzer Carneval Club e. V. is known to be one of the most active Carneval Clubs in the region.
Motorsportclub Hänchen arranges German Open Masterships in Motocross (motorbikes) every year.
Firebrigades (German: „Feuerwehren“) in the different towns of |
{"datasets_id": 3029, "wiki_id": "Q474475", "sp": 14, "sc": 342, "ep": 14, "ec": 418} | 3,029 | Q474475 | 14 | 342 | 14 | 418 | Kolkwitz | Clubs | the municipality are a very popular.
More clubs can be found here. |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 622} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 622 | Komotini | Geography | Komotini Geography The city stands at an altitude of 32-38m on the Thracian plain near the foothills of the Rhodope Mountains. It is situated between two rivers, Boklutzas on the west and Trelohimaros on the east (which form, alongside the Karidia stream, the river Bosbozis). There is little urban planning in the older parts of city, in contrast to more recently developed quarters. According to the 2011 census, the municipality's population amounts to 66,919, a number that does not include approximately 12,000 resident students, trainees and soldiers. There are two airports near Komotini. The nearest is in Alexandroupoli (65 km), and |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 6, "sc": 622, "ep": 10, "ec": 372} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 6 | 622 | 10 | 372 | Komotini | Geography & Antiquity | the other is in Kavala (80 km). It has rail and bus links to all continental Greek cities as well as Istanbul, and the good provincial road network has been supplemented by the new Egnatia Odos motorway. Antiquity Komotini has existed as a settlement since the 2nd century AD. That is confirmed by archaeological finds of that era up until the 4th century. It is also confirmed by an inscription on the ruins of the 4th-century Byzantine wall, that are visible at various sites in the city, which reads "Theodosiou Ktisma" = Building of Theodosius. The inscription was discovered by the |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 10, "sc": 372, "ep": 10, "ec": 1000} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 10 | 372 | 10 | 1,000 | Komotini | Antiquity | Komotini-born Prof. Stilponas Kyriakidis and the then mayor Sofoklis Komninos. It is said that the settlement originates from the 5th century and is linked to the daughter of the painter Parrasios from Maroneia. During the Roman age it was one of several fortresses along the Via Egnatia highway which existed in the Thrace area. Probably it is to be identified with the Roman station Breierophara (a Thracian toponym from bre (=fortress) + iero (= holy) + phara=para (=pass). The most important city of that period was neighbouring Maximianopolis, former Thracian Porsulis or Paesoulae, which was renamed to Mosynopolis in the |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 10, "sc": 1000, "ep": 14, "ec": 420} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 10 | 1,000 | 14 | 420 | Komotini | Antiquity & Byzantine era | 9th century. Komotini was a Via Egnatia hub on its northern route through the Nymphaea Pass which led to the Ardas Valley, Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv) and Byzantine Berroe (modern Stara Zagora). Byzantine era The city's history is closely connected with that of Via Egnatia, the Roman trunk road which connected Dyrrhachium with Constantinople. The Roman emperor Theodosius I built a small rectilinear fortress on the road at a junction with a route leading north across the Rhodope Mountains toward Philippopolis. During the Byzantine period, the city belonged to the Theme of Macedonia, whilst from the 11th century it could be |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 14, "sc": 420, "ep": 14, "ec": 1063} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 14 | 420 | 14 | 1,063 | Komotini | Byzantine era | found within the newly founded theme of Boleron. For most of its early existence the settlement was overshadowed by the larger town of Mosynopolis to the west, and by the end of the 12th century, the place had been completely abandoned.
The current settlement dates to 1207, when, following the destruction of Mosynopolis by the Bulgarian tsar Kaloyan, the remnant population fled and established themselves within the walls of the abandoned fortress. Since then the population had been increasing continuously until it became an important town within the area. In 1331 John Kantakouzenos referred to her as Koumoutzina in his account |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 14, "sc": 1063, "ep": 14, "ec": 1701} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 14 | 1,063 | 14 | 1,701 | Komotini | Byzantine era | of the Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328. In 1332 Andronikos III Palaiologos set camp in Komotini to face Umur Bey of Smyrna at the Panagia village close to the Panagia Vathirryakos (Fatirgiaka) monastery. However, Umur departed without a battle. In 1341 the historian Nikephoros Phokas referred to the town with its current name. In 1343, during the civil war between John VI Kantakouzenos and John V Palaiologos, Komotini along with the neighbouring forts of Asomatos, Paradimi, Kranovouni and Stylario joined Kantakouzenos' side. John VI Kantakouzenos escaped to Komotini to survive from a battle with the army of the Bulgarian brigand |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 14, "sc": 1701, "ep": 18, "ec": 582} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 14 | 1,701 | 18 | 582 | Komotini | Byzantine era & Ottoman era | Momchil near the already ruined Mosynopolis. Ottoman era The city was captured by the Ottoman Empire between 1361 and 1362/3, apparently by Gazi Evrenos Bey. Its conquest is placed after the fall of Philippopolis and Stara Zagora, but before the Ottoman capture of Pegae. Already before that, it was called in Turkish as Gümülcine, a version of the demotic Greek form of the city's name, Koumoutsinas. This remained the city's name throughout the Ottoman period (ca. 1361–1912) and continues as its modern Turkish-language name today.
The city continued to be an important hub connecting the capital city of Constantinople with the |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 18, "sc": 582, "ep": 18, "ec": 1197} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 18 | 582 | 18 | 1,197 | Komotini | Ottoman era | European part of the Empire, and grew accordingly. Many monuments in the city today date to this era. Many local families fled at that time to Epirus and founded the Koumoutzades village (modern Ammotopos, Arta). Even there they were persecuted and some of them found refuge in Tropaia of Gortynia. The bond between the inhabitants of Komotini, Ammotopos and Tropaia exists to this day.
In the first two decades after its conquest, until 1383, the city was the seat of a frontier march (uç) under Evrenos, confronting the Serbian territories of Macedonia. The walled city continued to be inhabited by Greek |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 18, "sc": 1197, "ep": 18, "ec": 1849} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 18 | 1,197 | 18 | 1,849 | Komotini | Ottoman era | Christians, but Evrenos brought in Turkish settlers to the countryside around the town. From the prevailingly Turkish toponymy of the area, it appears that the region was largely deserted, and subsequent Ottoman censuses show that Muslim Turks quickly became the dominant element in the rural districts around the city. Evrenos also built a masjid (small mosque), an imaret, bath, and shops outside the city walls, establishing a waqf that according to Machiel Kiel became the "nucleus of Islamic life in Western Thrace". The 16th-century geographer Mehmed-i Ashik also mentions a hostel (imaret) built by Evrenos.
In the 1519 census, the city |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 18, "sc": 1849, "ep": 18, "ec": 2444} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 18 | 1,849 | 18 | 2,444 | Komotini | Ottoman era | numbered 393 Muslim households and 197 single (unmarried or widowed) Muslims, 42 Christian households and 14 single Christians, and 19 Jewish households and 5 single Jews, in total ca. 2,500 people. In the 1530 census, the 17 Turkish-named neighbourhoods (mahalle) are mentioned, as well as the existence of one Friday mosque, 16 masjids, 4 zawiyas, 4 schools, and a single church (in the walled city). Nevertheless, the French traveller Pierre Bellon du Mans, who visited the city in 1548, stated that "the city is inhabited by Greeks and a few Turks". In the 1600s, the town was graced by new |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 18, "sc": 2444, "ep": 18, "ec": 3099} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 18 | 2,444 | 18 | 3,099 | Komotini | Ottoman era | buildings—a small Friday mosque, a double bath, a mekteb, a madrasah, and an imaret—by the defterdar Ekmekcizade Ahmed Pasha, who sponsored numerous such works throughout Thrace. Ahmed's mosque, the Yeni Mosque, which survives to this day, is the only structure in Greece to feature Iznik tiles from the 1580s, the zenith of the Iznik potters' art. When the traveller Evliya Çelebi visited the town in 1667/8, he found "4,000 prosperous, stone-built houses"—likely an exaggeration—in 16 mahalles, with 5 main mosques, 11 masjids, 2 imarets, 2 baths, 5 madrasahs, 7 mektebs, 17 caravanserais, and 400 shops.
The town suffered greatly from repeated |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 18, "sc": 3099, "ep": 18, "ec": 3805} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 18 | 3,099 | 18 | 3,805 | Komotini | Ottoman era | plague epidemics, which led to entire villages being abandoned, but recovered in the 19th century. During the Greek War of Independence Komotini's inhabitants contributed substantially with Ioannikios (later bishop), Aggelis Kirzalis and Captain Stavros Kobenos (members of the Filiki Eteria organisation). During the following decades Komotini progressed financially due to the processing and trade of tobacco. Greeks took advantage of the religious liberty granted by the Ottomans and completely controlled the economic activity of the city.
The 19th century saw the city expand and considerable architectural activity, with the renovation of old and the construction of new buildings. Both the |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 18, "sc": 3805, "ep": 18, "ec": 4449} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 18 | 3,805 | 18 | 4,449 | Komotini | Ottoman era | Yeni Mosque and Evrenos' original masjid, the Eski Mosque, were enlarged by the addition of spacious prayer halls, while Sultan Abdulhamid II erected a clock tower and a madrasah. During his reign, the town became a station in the railway linking Constantinople with Salonica. By the 1880s, the city, capital of the homonymous sanjak in the Edirne Vilayet, boasted 13,560 inhabitants, 10 Friday mosques, 15 masjids, 2 Greek and one Armenian church, a synagogue, 4 madrasahs, two higher schools, ten mektebs, and various other Christian and Jewish schools.
After the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, a new wave of Muslim refugees arrived |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 18, "sc": 4449, "ep": 18, "ec": 5116} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 18 | 4,449 | 18 | 5,116 | Komotini | Ottoman era | in Komotini. During that period the area found itself under Bulgarian self-awareness which originated in the rise of Bulgarian nationalism. In 1880 a Girls School and a Boys Urban School were functioning. In 1885 the cultural association 'Omonoia' was founded and it contributed in the cultural life of the city by presenting theatrical plays and concerts. Great benefactors such as Nestor Tsanaklis (builder of the Tsanakleios School, Dimitrios Sintos et al.) rose during that era. Remarkable people that were born in Komotini include Alexandros Symeonidis (Professor of Medicine at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki) and Victoria Margaritopoulou (one of the |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 18, "sc": 5116, "ep": 22, "ec": 531} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 18 | 5,116 | 22 | 531 | Komotini | Ottoman era & Balkan Wars and World War I | first Greek female doctors). Balkan Wars and World War I During the First Balkan War, Bulgarian forces captured the city, only to surrender it to the Greek army during the Second Balkan War on July 14, 1913.
In the aftermath of the Second Balkan War, it became briefly the capital of the short-lived Provisional Government of Western Thrace, but the Treaty of Bucharest, however, handed the city back to Bulgaria. The city was part of Bulgaria until the end of World War I. During this period, the city had the Bulgarian name Гюмюрджина Gyumyurdžina. In 1919 after the end of WWI, |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 22, "sc": 531, "ep": 26, "ec": 523} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 22 | 531 | 26 | 523 | Komotini | Balkan Wars and World War I & Demographics | with the Treaty of Neuilly, Komotini was handed to Greece, along with the rest of Western Thrace. Demographics The population is quite multilingual for a city of its size and it is made up of local Greeks, Greek refugees from Asia Minor and East Thrace, Muslims of Turkish, Pomak and Romani origins, descendants of refugees who survived the Armenian Genocide, and Pontic Greeks from north-eastern Anatolia and the regions of the former Soviet Union (mainly Georgia, Armenia, Russia and Kazakhstan).
The Muslim population of East Macedonia and Thrace dates to the Ottoman period, and unlike the Muslims of Macedonia and Epirus, |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 26, "sc": 523, "ep": 30, "ec": 517} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 26 | 523 | 30 | 517 | Komotini | Demographics & Modern Komotini | was exempted from the 1922-23 Greek-Turkish population exchange following the Treaty of Lausanne. Modern Komotini Komotini is, nowadays, a thriving commercial and administrative centre. It is heavily centralised with the majority of commerce and services based around the historical core of the city. Getting around on foot is therefore very practical. However, traffic can be remarkably heavy due to the daily commute. In the past, the Trelohimaros river used to flow through the city and divide it into two parts. In the 1970s, after repeated flooding episodes the river was eventually diverted and flows on the east of the city, |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 30, "sc": 517, "ep": 34, "ec": 457} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 30 | 517 | 34 | 457 | Komotini | Modern Komotini & Heart of the City | while its former bed has been replaced by the main avenues of the city (like the Orfeos Street). Heart of the City At the heart of the city lie the evergreen Municipal Central Park and the 15 m-high WW2 Heroes' Memorial, locally known as 'The Sword'. The revamped Central square or Plateia Irinis (Square of Peace) is the focus of a vibrant nightlife boosted by the huge number of students living in the city. The Old commercial centre is very popular with tourists as it houses traditional shops and workshops that have long vanished from other Greek cities. In addition, |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 34, "sc": 457, "ep": 38, "ec": 285} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 34 | 457 | 38 | 285 | Komotini | Heart of the City & Culture and Entertainment | in the northwestern outskirts of the city (Nea Mosinoupoli) locals and tourists alike flock into a modern shopping plaza: Kosmopolis Park, which houses department stores, shops, supermarkets, a cinema complex, cafés and restaurants. The area stretching from Kosmopolis to Ifaistos is gradually becoming a retail destination in its own right. Culture and Entertainment Komotini began life as a Byzantine Fortress built by the Emperor Theodosius in the 4th century AD. The ruins of this quadrangular structure can still be found NW of the central square. Komotini has several museums including the Archaeological, Byzantine and Folklore museums. SW of the |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 38, "sc": 285, "ep": 42, "ec": 31} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 38 | 285 | 42 | 31 | Komotini | Culture and Entertainment & Jewish Community | central square one can find the Open-air Municipal Theatre, which hosts many cultural shows and events such as the cultural summer (πολιτιστικό καλοκαίρι = politistiko kalokairi). There is a Regional Theatre (DIPETHE) whose company produces many plays all year round. 6 kilometres (4 miles) NE of Komotini is the Nymfaia forest. It has recreational facilities which comprise trails, courts, playgrounds and space for environmental studies. The forest is divided by a paved road which leads to the ruins of yet another Byzantine fortress and the historical (WWII) fort of Nymfaia. Jewish Community Writings in the area of ancient |
{"datasets_id": 3030, "wiki_id": "Q208403", "sp": 42, "sc": 31, "ep": 42, "ec": 625} | 3,030 | Q208403 | 42 | 31 | 42 | 625 | Komotini | Jewish Community | Maroneia confirm the presence of Jews in the area. In the 16th century the Jewish community of Komotini consisted of Sephardite Jews who were textile and wool merchants. Many of the Jews had come to Komotini as immigrants from Edirne and Thessaloniki. The community was concentrated within the ancient walls of the city where the Synagogue was built in the 18th century. It was destroyed during WWII. In 1900 there were 1,200 Jews. In 1910 the Alliance Israelite Universelle School started functioning. Greek, French and Hebrew were taught in the school. In 1912–13 many Jews moved to larger |
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