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{"datasets_id": 162011, "wiki_id": "Q16847418", "sp": 6, "sc": 534, "ep": 10, "ec": 418} | 162,011 | Q16847418 | 6 | 534 | 10 | 418 | Bobby Ray Parks Jr. | College career & 2015 NBA draft | averaged 20.0 points, 6.5 rebounds, 2.9 assists, 1.1 blocks and 1.1 steals per game and was named the Most Valuable Player of seasons 74 and 75. 2015 NBA draft In 2015, Parks was in pursuit of being the first Filipino-born player to play in the NBA. He became automatically eligible for the 2015 NBA draft as an international player who turned 22 during the calendar year of the draft. In June 2015, prior to the 2015 NBA draft, Parks was invited to work out for the Utah Jazz, Brooklyn Nets, Dallas Mavericks, Atlanta Hawks and Boston Celtics.
Parks went undrafted, but |
{"datasets_id": 162011, "wiki_id": "Q16847418", "sp": 10, "sc": 418, "ep": 14, "ec": 341} | 162,011 | Q16847418 | 10 | 418 | 14 | 341 | Bobby Ray Parks Jr. | 2015 NBA draft & NBA D-League | received an invitation from the Dallas Mavericks to play for their Summer League team. In six games for Dallas, he averaged 3.0 points and 1.7 rebounds per game, becoming the first Filipino-born player to play in the Summer League. NBA D-League On October 31, 2015, Parks was selected by the Texas Legends in the second round of the 2015 NBA Development League Draft. He became the second Filipino to be drafted in the NBA D-League after Japeth Aguilar in 2012.
Parks made his debut with the Legends on November 23, 2015 against the Austin Spurs. He went scoreless in 10 minutes |
{"datasets_id": 162011, "wiki_id": "Q16847418", "sp": 14, "sc": 341, "ep": 14, "ec": 934} | 162,011 | Q16847418 | 14 | 341 | 14 | 934 | Bobby Ray Parks Jr. | NBA D-League | of play and went 0-of-2 from the field. On December 13, 2015, he scored his first basket for the Legends. Parks' putback layup with 14.5 seconds remaining gave him his first-ever basket in the D-League. He also finished with one assist and three rebounds in six minutes of action against the Sioux Falls Skyforce. On April 1, 2016, he scored a career-high 16 points against the Oklahoma City Blue. In 2015–16, Parks averaged 4.6 points and 1.9 rebounds in 32 games.
After the Legends did not retain Parks for the 2016–17 season, he entered the 2016 NBA Development League Draft, where |
{"datasets_id": 162011, "wiki_id": "Q16847418", "sp": 14, "sc": 934, "ep": 22, "ec": 112} | 162,011 | Q16847418 | 14 | 934 | 22 | 112 | Bobby Ray Parks Jr. | NBA D-League & Alab Pilipinas & National team career | he was selected in the sixth round by the Westchester Knicks. He was unsuccessful in gaining an opening-night roster spot with Westchester, as the team waived him on November 9, 2016. Alab Pilipinas On November 18, 2016 Parks officially joined Alab Pilipinas of the ASEAN Basketball League. On December 11, 2016, he scored a career-high 41 points and 14 rebounds against the Kaohsiung Truth. After his first season with Alab Pilipinas, he was named the local MVP of the season. National team career In 2015, Parks played for Gilas Cadets at the SEABA championships and the Southeast Asian Games.
In July |
{"datasets_id": 162011, "wiki_id": "Q16847418", "sp": 22, "sc": 112, "ep": 22, "ec": 415} | 162,011 | Q16847418 | 22 | 112 | 22 | 415 | Bobby Ray Parks Jr. | National team career | 2016, Parks played for Gilas Pilipinas at the FIBA Olympic Qualifying Tournament in Manila.
Parks was part of the team that represented the Philippines in the 2017 Southeast Asian Games. They won the Gold medal after beating Indonesia 94-55, winning his 3rd SEA Games Gold medal in the process. |
{"datasets_id": 162012, "wiki_id": "Q2908825", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 570} | 162,012 | Q2908825 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 570 | Bohemond of Tarsia | Bohemond of Tarsia Bohemond of Tarsia (died c. 1156) was the Norman count of Tarsia and Manoppello in the Abruzzi. Invested by Roger II of Sicily on an unknown date, Bohemond's politics centred on controlling the monastery of Casauria.
Bohemond had the support of Robert of Selby, the chancellor of the kingdom of Sicily, in attempting to get control of Casauria. He himself almost convinced the abbot, Oldrico, that the king had ceded it to him, but Roger intervened to prevent the deception. He did not molest Casauria itself, but he was forced in 1144 to return S. Andrea and S. |
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{"datasets_id": 162012, "wiki_id": "Q2908825", "sp": 4, "sc": 570, "ep": 4, "ec": 1215} | 162,012 | Q2908825 | 4 | 570 | 4 | 1,215 | Bohemond of Tarsia | Salvatore della Maiella to its jurisdiction.
On 22 August 1148, he appeared as a justiciar.
In 1152, Tremiti put itself under Bohemond's protection. In 1153, Oldrico died and one Leo, a relative of Bohemond's wife, was elected to replace him. The abbey, however, requested nullification from Roger in order to elect one Constantine, whom Pope Eugene III deposed. The situation became more confused when Bohemond besieged Constantine in Casauria, but Pope Anastasius IV told him to quit the monastic conflict. In 1154, Bohemond, now opposed to the popes, was ordered to attack Adrian IV as a loyal vassal of Roger. The chancellor |
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{"datasets_id": 162012, "wiki_id": "Q2908825", "sp": 4, "sc": 1215, "ep": 4, "ec": 1812} | 162,012 | Q2908825 | 4 | 1,215 | 4 | 1,812 | Bohemond of Tarsia | Asclettin ordered Robert III of Loritello to lend Bohemond his troops. Robert revolted and Bohemond turned against him and began annexing his counties. At this time, Leo was approved in Casauria. Bohemond was at the height of his career.
In 1156, Bohemond refused to surrender all he had gained to the new king William I and was consequently imprisoned in Palermo. He was soon liberated and restored, for he never wavered in his loyalty. He died not long after his release and was succeeded by Bohemond II, probably a relation. He had a second son recorded by Falcandus named Carbonellus. |
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{"datasets_id": 162013, "wiki_id": "Q2705759", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 64} | 162,013 | Q2705759 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 64 | Boiga multomaculata | Description & Geographic range and Distribution | Boiga multomaculata Description Dorsally it is gray-brown, with two alternating series of round dark brown, reddish-brown or chestnut-colored spots and two other series of smaller spots on the lower sides. On the head it has two blackish bands which diverge posteriorly. There is a blackish streak from the eye to the corner of the mouth. Ventrally it is whitish, marbled or spotted with brown, and there is a series of brown spots along each side. Adults may attain 77 cm (30 in.) in total length. Geographic range and Distribution The snake is found in a wide variety of locales, including areas |
{"datasets_id": 162013, "wiki_id": "Q2705759", "sp": 10, "sc": 64, "ep": 18, "ec": 23} | 162,013 | Q2705759 | 10 | 64 | 18 | 23 | Boiga multomaculata | Geographic range and Distribution & Behavior & Feeding Habits | of Western Malaysia, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Miao - Changlang district), Southern China (incl. Hong Kong and Hainan), Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Borneo), Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, and Singapore. Behavior A very secretive snake, it hides in hollows and cracks of tree trunks during the day. Unlike most boigas, this species is a cathemeral snake, with which it is active at both day and night. It's quite nervous and will scuttle away at the slight disturbance. They rarely bite, however. It prefers rocky crevices and thin branches that are in plain sight. Feeding Habits Mostly observed hunting |
{"datasets_id": 162013, "wiki_id": "Q2705759", "sp": 18, "sc": 23, "ep": 22, "ec": 199} | 162,013 | Q2705759 | 18 | 23 | 22 | 199 | Boiga multomaculata | Feeding Habits & Venom | just before daybreak, it primarily feeds on lizards such as geckos and small skinks but they will also eat lizard eggs. This snake also frequents branches that are overhanging a water source, thus it may also devour fish in the process. Venom Being a rear-fanged snake, it is mildly venomous. The effects are the same as most boiga species but because of its size, it never poses any threat. There are no known or recorded fatalities as well. |
{"datasets_id": 162014, "wiki_id": "Q608638", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 568} | 162,014 | Q608638 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 568 | Botanical Garden Hamma | History | Botanical Garden Hamma History In 1832, Pierre Genty De Bussy, the Civil Intendant, and General Antoine Avisard, interim governor, decided to drain the marshes at the foot of the Arcades hill. The Botanical Garden of Hamma was then created on a 5 hectares (12 acres) area, to make not only a model farm but also a test garden.
In 1837, the organization bought a 18-hectare (44-acre) site under the Fountain of Plane Trees. The garden grew westwards and became the Central Nursery of the Government. The initial site was renamed Little Test Garden until its exchange in 1848 for another piece |
{"datasets_id": 162014, "wiki_id": "Q608638", "sp": 6, "sc": 568, "ep": 6, "ec": 1211} | 162,014 | Q608638 | 6 | 568 | 6 | 1,211 | Botanical Garden Hamma | History | of land inside the Nursery.
The garden's principal activity is to provide trees to public organisations and to European settlers. From 1833, production of carmine was added.
Auguste Hardy was named director of the Botanical Garden in 1842. Many animal species were introduced to the garden at that time, and it expanded several times. As well as the animal and vegetable produce, industry relating to new technology occupied a lot of space, and employed a lot of people.
Between 1848 and 1867 the garden expanded several times, until it arrived at its current configuration. In 1860, a lake was created and an exterior |
{"datasets_id": 162014, "wiki_id": "Q608638", "sp": 6, "sc": 1211, "ep": 10, "ec": 275} | 162,014 | Q608638 | 6 | 1,211 | 10 | 275 | Botanical Garden Hamma | History & The Garden in the 21st century | boulevard constructed. The garden was renamed the Acclimatization Garden (French: Jardin d'Acclimatation) in 1861. In 1867, an estimated 8,214 species could be found in the garden. The Garden in the 21st century Between 2001 and 2009 the garden was closed for restoration work. Reopened in 2009, it is now home to the Algerian National Institute of Agronomical Research, and was opened to visitors.
There are currently an estimated 1,200 different species of plant in the garden. |
{"datasets_id": 162015, "wiki_id": "Q646552", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 632} | 162,015 | Q646552 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 632 | Bottle crate | Bottle crate A bottle crate or beverage crate is a container used for transport of beverage containers. In the present day they are usually made of plastic, but before the widespread use of plastic they tended to be made of wood or metal.
Beverage crates began to be made of HDPE in the 1950s.
Such crates can be long-lasting. In the 1980s in Sweden, a take-back campaign was organized, when 25-bottle crates were replaced by the more ergonomic 20-bottle crates. Some of the crates returned for recycling had been in use since the 1960s.
Because manufacturers avoid lead-based and cadmium-based pigmentations, in response |
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{"datasets_id": 162015, "wiki_id": "Q646552", "sp": 4, "sc": 632, "ep": 4, "ec": 1111} | 162,015 | Q646552 | 4 | 632 | 4 | 1,111 | Bottle crate | to legislation and public opinion, they have had to resort to other methods of colouring HDPE crates. In Japan, since the early 1970s, HDPE bottle crates have been pigmented with a variety of perylene, quinacridone, azo condensation, and Isoindoline pigments. Japanese manufacturers have modified these in order to control nucleating behaviour, and have improved weathering performance and impact-resistance properties by making the light-stabilisization systems more efficient. |
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{"datasets_id": 162016, "wiki_id": "Q793420", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 12, "ec": 123} | 162,016 | Q793420 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 123 | Brezovka | History & Geography | Brezovka Brezovka is a village and municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia. History In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1572. Geography The municipality lies at an altitude of 360 metres and covers an area of 3.268 km². It has a population of about 79 people. |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 598} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 598 | Brian O'Rourke | Early life | Brian O'Rourke Early life O'Rourke was a member of one of Gaelic Ireland's foremost dynasties, and was remarked upon as a handsome and unusually learned Gaelic lord. He assumed leadership of the dynasty in the mid-1560s having assassinated his elder brothers, but his territory of west Bréifne on the border of Ulster soon came under the administration of the newly created Presidency of Connacht. His territory was centred on the banks of Lough Gill and in the area of Dromahair. Foundations of an O'Rourke tower house can be seen today at Parke's Castle, close to Dromahair.
Although the English knighted O'Rourke, |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 6, "sc": 598, "ep": 10, "ec": 112} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 6 | 598 | 10 | 112 | Brian O'Rourke | Early life & Connacht | in time they became unsettled by him. The English lord deputy, Sir Henry Sidney, described him in 1575 as the proudest man he had dealt with in Ireland. Similarly, the president of Connacht, Sir Nicholas Malby, put him down as, "the proudest man this day living on the earth". A decade later Sir Edward Waterhouse thought of him as, "being somewhat learned but of an insolent and proud nature and no further obedient than is constrained by her Majesty's forces". Connacht O'Rourke was willing to deal with the government, and in an agreement concluded with Malby in 1577 he recognised |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 10, "sc": 112, "ep": 10, "ec": 727} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 10 | 112 | 10 | 727 | Brian O'Rourke | Connacht | the sovereignty of the Irish crown under Elizabeth I. But his allegiance was called in question within two years, during the Second Desmond Rebellion in Munster, when he rose out in defiance of the Connacht presidency. It was suspected his actions were induced by an involvement with the Old English family of the Dillons in adjacent Meath, who were engaged in an effort to spread their influence and possessions in the northern midlands, rather than by outright collusion in the rebel Geraldine cause.
Sir Richard Bingham took up the presidency of Connacht in 1584, when Sir John Perrot was appointed lord |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 10, "sc": 727, "ep": 10, "ec": 1311} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 10 | 727 | 10 | 1,311 | Brian O'Rourke | Connacht | deputy of Ireland. Ó Ruairc immediately complained of harassment by the new president in the spring and summer of that year, and in September Bingham was ordered by his superior in Dublin Castle to temporise and refrain from making expeditions into Bréifne. Although part of the province of Connacht, the territory was not subject to a crown sheriff, and O'Rourke was happy to preserve his freedom of action. He did maintain relations with the Dublin government by his attendance at the opening of parliament in 1585, where he was noted to have dressed all in black in the company of |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 10, "sc": 1311, "ep": 10, "ec": 1937} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 10 | 1,311 | 10 | 1,937 | Brian O'Rourke | Connacht | his strikingly beautiful wife.
In preparation for the Composition of Connacht, whereby the lords of that province were to enter an agreement with the government to regularise their standing, O'Rourke surrendered his lordship in 1585. He was thus due to receive a regrant of his lands by knight-service in return for a chief horse and an engraved gold token to be presented to the lord deputy each year at midsummer. It seemed a balanced compromise, but O'Rourke declined to accept the letters patent and never regarded his terms as binding.
By May 1586 the tension with the president had mounted, and O'Rourke |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 10, "sc": 1937, "ep": 14, "ec": 82} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 10 | 1,937 | 14 | 82 | Brian O'Rourke | Connacht & Rebellion | brought charges against him before the council at Dublin, which were dismissed as vexatious. Bingham believed that Perrot had been behind this attempt on his authority, but there was little he could do before his recall to England for service in the Low Countries in 1587; upon the president's departure (he was to return within a year), Perrot slashed O'Rourke's annual composition dues and, while permitting him to levy certain illegal exactions, appointed the Lord of West Bréifne sheriff of Leitrim for a term of two years. Rebellion O'Rourke remained unhappy with English interference in his territories, and he was |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 14, "sc": 82, "ep": 14, "ec": 677} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 14 | 82 | 14 | 677 | Brian O'Rourke | Rebellion | also content to be described as a leading Catholic lord. After Perrot's departure, he assisted at least eighty survivors of the Spanish Armada – including Francisco de Cuellar – to depart the country in the winter of 1588, and was regarded as friendly to future receptions of Spanish forces. Although not proclaimed as a rebel, he put up a forcible resistance to the presidency – again under Binghams's command – and would not be bridled.
O'Rourke's demands against the government grew with the violence on the borders of west Breifne. In peace talks in 1589, he did accept the terms of |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 14, "sc": 677, "ep": 14, "ec": 1281} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 14 | 677 | 14 | 1,281 | Brian O'Rourke | Rebellion | a crown tribute that had been agreed by his grandfather, but resisted the composition terms of 1585 and refused to allow the formation of a crown administration in the new county Leitrim. Instead, he sought appointment as seneschal under the direct authority of the Dublin government, leaving him independent of Bingham. He also sought safe possession of his lands, a safe-conduct for life, and a guarantee of freedom from harassment by the president's forces of any merchants entering his territory. In return, the only pledge he was willing to give was his word. A member of the Dublin council, Robert |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 14, "sc": 1281, "ep": 18, "ec": 406} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 14 | 1,281 | 18 | 406 | Brian O'Rourke | Rebellion & Flight and extradition | Dillon of the Meath family, advised him to stay out – intimating that O'Rourke would be taken into custody if he came in and submitted to crown authority – and O'Rourke declined the government's offers. Flight and extradition Under the government of Perrot's successor as lord deputy, Sir William Fitzwilliam, pressure was increased on the territories bordering the province of Ulster. Thus, in the spring of 1590, Bingham's forces occupied west Breifne and O'Rourke fled; later that year the adjacent territory of Monaghan was seized by the crown after the execution at law of the resident lord, Hugh Roe MacMahon.
O'Rourke |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 18, "sc": 406, "ep": 18, "ec": 994} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 18 | 406 | 18 | 994 | Brian O'Rourke | Flight and extradition | fetched up in Scotland in February 1591, with "six fair Irish hobbies and four great dogs to be presented to the king". He was seeking not only asylum but also the opportunity to recruit mercenaries to contest the occupation of his territories. In consultation with the English ambassador, King James VI denied him an audience, and Queen Elizabeth (relying on the Treaty of Berwick 1586) made a strong request for the delivery of O'Rourke into her custody.
The matter was put to the Scottish privy council, which readily ordered – in the face of some objections – the arrest and |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 18, "sc": 994, "ep": 18, "ec": 1648} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 18 | 994 | 18 | 1,648 | Brian O'Rourke | Flight and extradition | delivery to English crown forces of the rebel Irish lord. Elizabeth's councillors had explicitly held out the prospect of clemency for O'Rourke, and certain Scots councillors agreed to the extradition, in the supposed expectation that his life would be spared. The expectation was to be disappointed, an experience the king himself suffered in the years afterward, when extradition requests for Bothwellites were denied by the English.
O'Rourke was arrested in Glasgow, where the townsmen sought a stay on his delivery into custody, fearing for their Irish trade. The denial of their request caused an outcry, and the king's officers were cursed |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 18, "sc": 1648, "ep": 20, "ec": 6} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 18 | 1,648 | 20 | 6 | Brian O'Rourke | Flight and extradition & Trial and execution | as knights of Elizabeth with the allegation that the Scottish king had been bought with English angels (a reference to the pension the king received from England). Several of O'Rourke's creditors feared that his debts would go unpaid, but the English ambassador later made a contribution of £47. O'Rourke was removed from Glasgow in the afternoon of 3 April 1591 in the midst of a riot. Two ships on the west coast were looted, and, after some crews had been killed by Irishmen in protest at O'Rourke's treatment, guards had to be mounted on all vessels sailing to Ireland. Trial |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 20, "sc": 5, "ep": 22, "ec": 612} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 20 | 5 | 22 | 612 | Brian O'Rourke | Trial and execution | and execution O'Rourke was transferred to the Tower of London, where he was kept in close custody as legal argument began. Although treason trials in the Tudor period had more to do with political theatre than the administration of justice, the matter was not a foregone conclusion: there was a serious question over whether O'Rourke could be tried in England for treason committed in Ireland. The judges delivered a mixed, preliminary opinion, that the trial could go ahead under a treason statute enacted under King Henry VIII.
Meanwhile, articles had been framed at Dublin against O'Rourke with the reluctant aid of |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 22, "sc": 612, "ep": 22, "ec": 1225} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 22 | 612 | 22 | 1,225 | Brian O'Rourke | Trial and execution | Bingham (curiously, he complained of being bullied into his testimony), and there was also an indictment laid by a jury in Sligo. These matters were transferred to England, where the grand jury of Middlesex found evidence of various offences of treason, the most substantial of which concerned the assistance given to Armada survivors, the attempt to raise mercenaries in Scotland, and various armed raids made by O'Rourke into Sligo and Roscommon. There was one further charge that related to an odd incident in 1589, when a representation of the Queen (whether a wood-carving or painting is not known) was said |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 22, "sc": 1225, "ep": 22, "ec": 1798} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 22 | 1,225 | 22 | 1,798 | Brian O'Rourke | Trial and execution | to have been tied to a horse's tail at O'Rourke's command and dragged in the mud. This was referred to as the treason of the image, but it has been suggested that it was merely an ancient new year's ritual, deliberately misconstrued for the benefit of the indictment process.
O'Rourke was arraigned on 28 October 1591 and the indictment was translated for him into Irish by a native speaker. One observer said he declined to plead, but the record states that a plea of not guilty was entered (probably at the direction of the court). The defendant was asked how he |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 22, "sc": 1798, "ep": 22, "ec": 2388} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 22 | 1,798 | 22 | 2,388 | Brian O'Rourke | Trial and execution | wished to be tried and answered that he would submit to trial by jury if he were given a week to examine the evidence, then allowed a good legal advocate, and only if the Queen herself sat in judgment. The judge declined these requests and explained that the jury would try him anyway. O'Rourke responded, "If they thought good, let it be so". The trial proceeded and O'Rourke was convicted and sentenced to death.
On 3 November 1591, O'Rourke was drawn to Tyburn. On the scaffold Miler Magrath, Archbishop of Cashel, sought the repentance of the condemned man's sins. In response, |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 22, "sc": 2388, "ep": 26, "ec": 43} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 22 | 2,388 | 26 | 43 | Brian O'Rourke | Trial and execution & Legacy | he was abused by O'Rourke with jibes over his uncertain faith and credit and dismissed as a man of depraved life who had broken his vow by abjuring the rule of the Franciscans. O'Rourke then suffered execution of sentence by hanging and quartering.
In his essay on Customs, Francis Bacon refers to an Irish rebel hanged at London, who requested that the sentence be carried out, not with a rope halter, but with a willow withe – a common instrument amongst the Irish: it is probable that O'Rourke was the rebel referred to. Legacy O'Rourke's experience as a rebel Irish lord |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 26, "sc": 43, "ep": 26, "ec": 629} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 26 | 43 | 26 | 629 | Brian O'Rourke | Legacy | is not remarkable in itself. What is remarkable is the combination used in his downfall: first, the campaign conducted under Fitzwilliam to bring pressure to bear on the borders of Ulster; and then the co-operation of the Scots king with the English, resulting in the first extradition within Britain and a trial for treason committed "beyond the seas". Evidence of his treason was used in the trial of Perrot later in the year, which also resulted in conviction, and the subsequent pursuit of an aggressive policy against the lords of Ulster led to the outbreak of the Nine Years War. |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 26, "sc": 629, "ep": 26, "ec": 1208} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 26 | 629 | 26 | 1,208 | Brian O'Rourke | Legacy | In the end, O'Rourke had fallen prey to forces that were moving to establish a new polity in Britain, of which James VI became the first monarch little more than a decade later.
His eulogy, as recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters, reads:
The death of this Brian was one of the mournful stories of the Irish, for there had not been for a long time any one of his tribe who excelled him in bounty, in hospitality, in giving rewards for panegyrical poems, in sumptuousness, in numerous troops, in comeliness, in firmness, in maintaining the field of battle to |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 26, "sc": 1208, "ep": 30, "ec": 219} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 26 | 1,208 | 30 | 219 | Brian O'Rourke | Legacy & Family | defend his patrimony against foreign adventurers, for all which he was celebrated, until his death on this occasion.
He remains an influential figure in the struggle of Irish lords against English expansionism in the 16th century, and was an early precursor to the generation of Irish nobles who would combat the English in the Nine Years War, which heralded the end of Gaelic Ireland. Family O'Rourke married Lady Burke (a daughter of the second Earl of Clanricarde), and then Elenora, daughter of Gerald FitzGerald, 15th Earl of Desmond. Among his children were two sons, Brian Oge (his tanist) and Teigue, who |
{"datasets_id": 162017, "wiki_id": "Q4964939", "sp": 30, "sc": 219, "ep": 30, "ec": 577} | 162,017 | Q4964939 | 30 | 219 | 30 | 577 | Brian O'Rourke | Family | succeeded him. The former was instrumental in the Irish victory at the Battle of Curlew Pass during the Nine Years War. O'Rourke's seignory was confiscated and later given to Teigue in the next reign, but in principle Leitrim remained part of the Connaught composition – at Bingham's insistence – and did not suffer as radical a land settlement as Monaghan. |
{"datasets_id": 162018, "wiki_id": "Q4968744", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 438} | 162,018 | Q4968744 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 438 | Bristol, Ohio | Bristol, Ohio Bristol is an unincorporated community in southern Pike Township, Perry County, Ohio, United States. It lies along State Route 93 at its intersection with Marietta Road and Township Road 223. It is located 4 miles (6 kilometers) south of New Lexington, the county seat of Perry County.
Bristol was originally called Burlington, and under the latter name was laid out in 1816. A post office called Britol was established in 1820. |
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{"datasets_id": 162019, "wiki_id": "Q4970579", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 600} | 162,019 | Q4970579 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 600 | British Origami Society | British Origami Society The British Origami Society is a registered charity (no. 293039), devoted to the art of origami (paper folding). The Society has over 700 members worldwide and publishes a bi-monthly magazine called British Origami. They also have a library which is one of the world's largest collections of Origami resources, containing well over 4000 books, and a similar quantity of magazines, journals, convention packs and catalogues. As stated in the constitution of the society, its aims are, "to advance public education in the art of Origami and to promote the study and practice of Origami in education and |
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{"datasets_id": 162019, "wiki_id": "Q4970579", "sp": 4, "sc": 600, "ep": 4, "ec": 1139} | 162,019 | Q4970579 | 4 | 600 | 4 | 1,139 | British Origami Society | as a means of therapy for the relief of people who are sick or mentally or physically handicapped".
The society was founded at its inaugural meeting held at The Russell Hotel in London 28 October 1967. It was formed from the Origami Portfolio Society which had been founded in 1965. The first president of the new society was Robert Harbin, a noted British magician and author. Later, another notable president was Alfred Bestall, who had been writer and illustrator of Rupert Bear for the London Daily Express, from 1935 to 1965. |
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{"datasets_id": 162020, "wiki_id": "Q4972568", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 219} | 162,020 | Q4972568 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 219 | Broadwey | Broadwey Broadwey /ˈbrɔːdweɪ/ is a former village in the northern suburbs of Weymouth, Dorset, England. It lies on the B3159 road. In 2001 Broadwey and Upwey ward had a population of 4,349. St Nicholas' Church serves the suburb. |
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{"datasets_id": 162021, "wiki_id": "Q24256850", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 557} | 162,021 | Q24256850 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 557 | Brugjeld–Peterson Family Farmstead District | Description | Brugjeld–Peterson Family Farmstead District Description The farmstead is located on a high strip of land located between High Lake on the west and a wetland, Cunningham Slough, on the east. The historic district is made up of ten contributing elements. The seven contributing buildings include the house, barn, blacksmith shop complex, cook/wash house, chicken coop, hog house, and sheep barn. The three contributing structures are the cob shed, wood shed, and com crib. The house was a log structure built in 1870 by Peder N. Brugjeld and his son Peder N. Peterson. Clapboard siding covers the exterior. A stone |
{"datasets_id": 162021, "wiki_id": "Q24256850", "sp": 6, "sc": 557, "ep": 6, "ec": 1189} | 162,021 | Q24256850 | 6 | 557 | 6 | 1,189 | Brugjeld–Peterson Family Farmstead District | Description | addition was built onto it in 1895 by Peder N. Peterson. The barn was built sometime between the 1870s and 1890. The rest of the buildings and structures date from the early to mid-20th century, with the exception of the corn crib, which is from the late 19th century to early 20th century.
The historic district reflects Norwegian-American settlement, and the importance of blacksmithing as a commercial/industrial feature of the rural economy. Peder and Gjertrud Brugjeld and their six children left the Brugjeld farm near Balestrand, Norway in 1848. They sailed on the Dorothea to the United States. After their arrival, |
{"datasets_id": 162021, "wiki_id": "Q24256850", "sp": 6, "sc": 1189, "ep": 6, "ec": 1596} | 162,021 | Q24256850 | 6 | 1,189 | 6 | 1,596 | Brugjeld–Peterson Family Farmstead District | Description | they lived in Dane County, Wisconsin before they settled in Emmet County. Four generations of the Peterson family owned the farm until 1996 when Maynard Peterson donated it to Emmet County.
The farm and surrounding 40 acres (16 ha) are maintained and operated by the Emmet County Conservation Department and the Emmet County Conservation Foundation as an interpretive site and as a historic museum. |
{"datasets_id": 162022, "wiki_id": "Q5000877", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 539} | 162,022 | Q5000877 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 539 | Burton M. Field | Background | Burton M. Field Background General Field was commissioned in 1979 after graduating from the U.S. Air Force Academy. He has commanded the 421st Fighter Squadron at Hill Air Force Base, Utah; the USAF Weapons School at Nellis AFB, Nev.; the 8th Fighter Wing at Kunsan Air Base, South Korea; and the 1st Fighter Wing at Langley AFB, Va. He has also deployed as Commander, 332nd Air Expeditionary Wing, Balad AB, Iraq. The general served on two major command staffs as well as the Joint Staff. Prior to his current assignment, he was the Senior Military Adviser to the |
{"datasets_id": 162022, "wiki_id": "Q5000877", "sp": 6, "sc": 539, "ep": 14, "ec": 413} | 162,022 | Q5000877 | 6 | 539 | 14 | 413 | Burton M. Field | Background & Flight Information & Education | U.S. Special Representative for Afghanistan/Pakistan, the Pentagon, Washington, D.C.
General Field is a command pilot with more than 3,400 flying hours in the F-16 and F-22. Flight Information Rating: Command pilot
Flight hours: More than 3,400
Aircraft flown: F-16 Fighting Falcon, F-22 Raptor Education 1979 Bachelor of Science degree, U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colo.
1984 Squadron Officer School, by correspondence
1985 USAF Fighter Weapons Instructor Course, Nellis AFB, Nev.
1986 Master's degree in business administration, Golden Gate University, Calif.
1993 Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kan.
1998 Air War College, Maxwell AFB, Ala. |
{"datasets_id": 162023, "wiki_id": "Q15059177", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 8, "ec": 237} | 162,023 | Q15059177 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 237 | Cammachmore | History | Cammachmore Cammachmore (Gaelic An Camach Mòr) is a hamlet in the coastal region near the North Sea in Aberdeenshire. It lies slightly west of the A90 road and the ancient Causey Mounth passes through the community. Historic Elsick House is situated due west of Cammachmore. Other nearby historic features include Gillybrands, Saint Ternan's Church, Muchalls Castle and the Lairhillock Inn. History Cammachmore is situated along the ancient Causey Mounth trackway, which was constructed on high ground to make this medieval route the only available, passable route from the coastal points south from Stonehaven to Aberdeen. This ancient |
{"datasets_id": 162023, "wiki_id": "Q15059177", "sp": 8, "sc": 237, "ep": 8, "ec": 835} | 162,023 | Q15059177 | 8 | 237 | 8 | 835 | Cammachmore | History | passage specifically connected the River Dee crossing (where the present Bridge of Dee is situated) via Portlethen Moss, Muchalls Castle and Stonehaven to the south. The route was that taken by William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal and the Marquess of Montrose when they led a Covenanter army of 9000 men in the battle of the Civil War in 1639.
From the industrial era of the 19th century there are some relics of old manufacturing equipment such as a circular-section brick chimney on a square stone base, serving a small single-storey engine and boiler house at an old smithy in Cammachmore. |
{"datasets_id": 162024, "wiki_id": "Q48739753", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 254} | 162,024 | Q48739753 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 254 | Canada Lake | Fishing & History | Canada Lake Fishing Fish found within this lake include brown trout, brown bullhead, lake trout, chain pickerel, smallmouth bass, lake whitefish, yellow perch and pumpkinseed. Canada Lake has excellent fishing for both brown trout and lake trout in the deeper parts of the lake. Smallmouth bass can be found along the rocky shores of Canada Lake. History The lake’s north shore road was built in the 1840s providing easier access to the lake itself. Homes and hotels were built, wood burning steamers carried tourists on the lake, and Canada Lake became a popular resort destination. Most of the cottages that |
{"datasets_id": 162024, "wiki_id": "Q48739753", "sp": 10, "sc": 254, "ep": 10, "ec": 367} | 162,024 | Q48739753 | 10 | 254 | 10 | 367 | Canada Lake | History | now dot the shores of Canada, and connecting Green, and West Lakes were built in the late 1800s and early 1900s. |
{"datasets_id": 162025, "wiki_id": "Q258722", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 571} | 162,025 | Q258722 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 571 | Canals, Valencia | Geography | Canals, Valencia Geography Canals is located in the valley of Montesa, between the Grossa mountains and la Costera. The highest points are in la Serra Grossa, where we can find the peaks of l'Atalaia (556 m) and la Creu (520 m), on the municipal boundary with l'Olleria. The Cànyoles River crosses the town in the west-northeast direction; the Sants River begins its course close to town, where it divides into two channels (séquies) that bring water to Xàtiva and the fields of Canals.
The village lies on the left bank of the Cànyoles river. Canals and l'Alcúdia de Crespins together form |
{"datasets_id": 162025, "wiki_id": "Q258722", "sp": 6, "sc": 571, "ep": 10, "ec": 500} | 162,025 | Q258722 | 6 | 571 | 10 | 500 | Canals, Valencia | Geography & History | a conurbation.
From València you can reach Canals taking the A-7 highway. History Some evidence of Roman civilization has been found. During the year of Muslim occupation it was a very important "alqueria" owned by Xàtiva.
Then in the Christian era, in 1244, king James I of Aragon gave Dionís of Hungary the tower and the small village of Canals and created the new lordship of the Señorío de Torre de Canals. Dionis of Hungary gave the king the castle in the valley of Veo and also the castle of Ain and other territories. The Christian resettlement was made by Catalans. |
{"datasets_id": 162025, "wiki_id": "Q258722", "sp": 10, "sc": 500, "ep": 10, "ec": 1062} | 162,025 | Q258722 | 10 | 500 | 10 | 1,062 | Canals, Valencia | History | On July 30, Peter IV "el Cerimoniós" gave the place to Raimon de Riusech taking it from Joan Eximenis d'Urrea, with the condition that if he had no male descendants it would be given back to the crown, but in the end it was sold to Xàtiva, with the king's approval on February 19 of 1353 as a barony. During the rule by Xàtiva there were continuous tributary conflicts. In the year 1506 Xàtiva bought La Torreta.
In 1522 during the Revolt of the Brotherhoods, Canals was used by the viceroy as his headquarters to attack Xàtiva, where the 'Encobert' was |
{"datasets_id": 162025, "wiki_id": "Q258722", "sp": 10, "sc": 1062, "ep": 14, "ec": 252} | 162,025 | Q258722 | 10 | 1,062 | 14 | 252 | Canals, Valencia | History & Economy | hidden. Many prisoners were taken from Xàtiva to Canals. In 1639 Phillip IV, paid Xàtiva 20.000 pounds, and gave independence to Canals as a village (vila). In the 19th century Canals developed industry, with 24 glass factories, a paper factory, metal workshops, flour mills, and cloth sellers. In the 20th century this industrial activity increased with oil, furniture, construction materials, leather and cloth production. Economy The economy is divided into agriculture (oranges), industry famous for its clothing and leather production (Ferry's, Rodrigo Sancho S.A.), and marble.
Today the industry is almost dead with the main companies having closed down: Ferry's (2007), |
{"datasets_id": 162025, "wiki_id": "Q258722", "sp": 14, "sc": 252, "ep": 14, "ec": 433} | 162,025 | Q258722 | 14 | 252 | 14 | 433 | Canals, Valencia | Economy | Argent (2008), Rodrigo Sancho S.A. (2010), and many others.
Pottery has also been very important, and has given the people from Canals the nickname of "perolers" (potters). |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 101} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 101 | Carbonic anhydrase | Mechanism & Families | Carbonic anhydrase Mechanism A zinc prosthetic group in the enzyme is coordinated in three positions by histidine side-chains. The fourth coordination position is occupied by water. A fourth histidine is close to the water ligand, facilitating formation of Zn-OH center, which binds CO₂ to give a zinc bicarbonate. The construct is an example of general acid – general base catalysis (see the article "Acid catalysis"). The active site also features a pocket suited for carbon dioxide, bringing it close to the hydroxide group. Families Carbonic anhydrase was initially found in the red blood cells of cows.
At least five distinct |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 10, "sc": 101, "ep": 22, "ec": 155} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 10 | 101 | 22 | 155 | Carbonic anhydrase | Families & γ-CA & δ-CA & ζ-CA | CA families are recognized: α, β, γ, δ and ζ. These families have no significant amino acid sequence similarity and in most cases are thought to be an example of convergent evolution. The α-CAs are found in humans. γ-CA The gamma class of CAs come from methanogens, methane-producing bacteria that grow in hot springs. δ-CA The delta class of CAs has been described in diatoms. The distinction of this class of CA has recently come into question, however. ζ-CA The zeta class of CAs occurs exclusively in bacteria in a few chemolithotrophs and marine cyanobacteria that contain cso-carboxysomes. Recent 3-dimensional |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 22, "sc": 155, "ep": 30, "ec": 98} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 22 | 155 | 30 | 98 | Carbonic anhydrase | ζ-CA & η-CA & Structure and function | analyses suggest that ζ-CA bears some structural resemblance to β-CA, particularly near the metal ion site. Thus, the two forms may be distantly related, even though the underlying amino acid sequence has since diverged considerably. η-CA The eta family of CAs was recently found in organisms of the genus Plasmodium. These are a group of enzymes previously thought to belong to the alpha family of CAs, however it has been demonstrated that η-CAs have unique features, such as their metal ion coordination pattern. Structure and function Several forms of carbonic anhydrase occur in nature. In the best-studied α-carbonic anhydrase form |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 30, "sc": 98, "ep": 30, "ec": 745} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 30 | 98 | 30 | 745 | Carbonic anhydrase | Structure and function | present in animals, the zinc ion is coordinated by the imidazole rings of 3 histidine residues, His94, His96, and His119.
The primary function of the enzyme in animals is to interconvert carbon dioxide and bicarbonate to maintain acid-base balance in blood and other tissues, and to help transport carbon dioxide out of tissues.
There are at least 14 different isoforms in mammals. Plants contain a different form called β-carbonic anhydrase, which, from an evolutionary standpoint, is a distinct enzyme, but participates in the same reaction and also uses a zinc ion in its active site. In plants, carbonic anhydrase helps raise |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 30, "sc": 745, "ep": 34, "ec": 303} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 30 | 745 | 34 | 303 | Carbonic anhydrase | Structure and function & Cadmium-containing carbonic anhydrase | the concentration of CO₂ within the chloroplast in order to increase the carboxylation rate of the enzyme RuBisCO. This is the reaction that integrates CO₂ into organic carbon sugars during photosynthesis, and can use only the CO₂ form of carbon, not carbonic acid or bicarbonate. Cadmium-containing carbonic anhydrase Marine diatoms have been found to express a new form of ζ carbonic anhydrase. T. weissflogii, a species of phytoplankton common to many marine ecosystems, was found to contain carbonic anhydrase with a cadmium ion in place of zinc. Previously, it had been believed that cadmium was a toxic metal with no |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 34, "sc": 303, "ep": 38, "ec": 33} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 34 | 303 | 38 | 33 | Carbonic anhydrase | Cadmium-containing carbonic anhydrase & Similarities to other carbonic anhydrases | biological function whatsoever. However, this species of phytoplankton appears to have adapted to the low levels of zinc in the ocean by using cadmium when there is not enough zinc. Although the concentration of cadmium in sea water is also low (about 1x10⁻¹⁶ molar), there is an environmental advantage to being able to use either metal depending on which is more available at the time. This type of carbonic anhydrase is therefore cambialistic, meaning it can interchange the metal in its active site with other metals (namely, zinc and cadmium). Similarities to other carbonic anhydrases The mechanism of cadmium carbonic |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 38, "sc": 33, "ep": 42, "ec": 241} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 38 | 33 | 42 | 241 | Carbonic anhydrase | Similarities to other carbonic anhydrases & Differences from other carbonic anhydrases | anhydrase (CDCA) is essentially the same as that of other carbonic anhydrases in its conversion of carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate and a proton. Additionally, like the other carbonic anhydrases, CDCA makes the reaction go almost as fast as the diffusion rate of its substrates, and it can be inhibited by sulfonamide and sulfamate derivatives. Differences from other carbonic anhydrases Unlike most other carbonic anhydrases, the active site metal ion is not bound by three histidine residues and a hydroxide ion. Instead, it is bound by two cysteine residues, one histidine residue, and a hydroxide ion, which is characteristic |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 42, "sc": 241, "ep": 42, "ec": 842} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 42 | 241 | 42 | 842 | Carbonic anhydrase | Differences from other carbonic anhydrases | of β-CA. Due to the fact that cadmium is a soft acid, it will be more tightly bound by soft base ligands. The sulfur atoms on the cysteine residues are soft bases, thus binding the cadmium more tightly than the nitrogen on histidine residues would. CDCA also has a three-dimensional folding structure that is unlike any other carbonic anhydrase, and its amino acid sequence is dissimilar to the other carbonic anhydrases. It is a monomer with three domains, each one identical in amino acid sequence and each one containing an active site with a metal ion.
Another key difference between CDCA |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 42, "sc": 842, "ep": 42, "ec": 1391} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 42 | 842 | 42 | 1,391 | Carbonic anhydrase | Differences from other carbonic anhydrases | and the other carbonic anhydrases is that CDCA has a mechanism for switching out its cadmium ion for a zinc ion in the event that zinc becomes more available to the phytoplankton than cadmium. The active site of CDCA is essentially "gated" by a chain of nine amino acids with glycine residues at positions 1 and 9. Normally, this gate remains closed and the cadmium ion is trapped inside. However, due to the flexibility and position of the glycine residues, this gate can be opened in order to remove the cadmium ion. A zinc ion can then be put in |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 42, "sc": 1391, "ep": 46, "ec": 114} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 42 | 1,391 | 46 | 114 | Carbonic anhydrase | Differences from other carbonic anhydrases & Transport of cadmium | its place and the gate will close behind it. As a borderline acid, zinc will not bind as tightly to the cysteine ligands as cadmium would, but the enzyme will still be active and reasonably efficient. The metal in the active site can be switched between zinc and cadmium depending on which one is more abundant at the time. It is the ability of CDCA to utilize either cadmium or zinc that likely gives T. weissflogii a survival advantage. Transport of cadmium Cadmium is still considered lethal to phytoplankton in high amounts. Studies have shown that T. weissflogii has an |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 46, "sc": 114, "ep": 50, "ec": 166} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 46 | 114 | 50 | 166 | Carbonic anhydrase | Transport of cadmium & CDCA-like proteins | initial toxic response to cadmium when exposed to it. The toxicity of the metal is reduced by the transcription and translation of phytochelatin, which are proteins that can bind and transport cadmium. Once bound by phytochelatin, cadmium is no longer toxic, and it can be safely transported to the CDCA enzyme. It's also been shown that the uptake of cadmium via phytochelatin leads to a significant increase in CDCA expression. CDCA-like proteins Other phytoplankton from different water sources have been tested for the presence of CDCA. It was found that many of them contain proteins that are homologous to the |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 50, "sc": 166, "ep": 54, "ec": 187} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 50 | 166 | 54 | 187 | Carbonic anhydrase | CDCA-like proteins & Carbon capture and sequestration | CDCA found in T. weissflogii. This includes species from Great Bay, New Jersey as well as in the Pacific Ocean near the equator. In all species tested, CDCA-like proteins showed high levels of expression even in high concentrations of zinc and in the absence of cadmium. The similarity between these proteins and the CDCA expressed by T. weissflogii varied, but they were always at least 67% similar. Carbon capture and sequestration Carbonic anhydrase could in principle prove relevant to carbon capture. Some carbonic anhydrases can withstand temperatures up to 107 °C and extreme alkalinity (pH > 10). A pilot run with |
{"datasets_id": 162026, "wiki_id": "Q284089", "sp": 54, "sc": 187, "ep": 54, "ec": 593} | 162,026 | Q284089 | 54 | 187 | 54 | 593 | Carbonic anhydrase | Carbon capture and sequestration | the more stable CA on a flue stream that consisted of 12–13% mol composition CO₂ had a capture rate of 63.6% over a 60-hour period with no noticeable effects in enzyme performance. CA was placed in a N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) solution where it served to increase the concentration difference (driving force) of CO₂ between the flue stream of the power plant and liquid phase in a liquid-gas contactor. |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 590} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 590 | Carl von Donop | Origins and ambitions | Carl von Donop Origins and ambitions The son of a noble family of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel), Donop was well connected in the European courts and served as personal adjutant to the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. He served with distinction in the Seven Years' War. When the American Revolutionary War began, Donop asked for leave to fight against the revolutionaries. The Landgrave appointed him to command four battalions of grenadiers and the prestigious Jäger Corps. A highly ambitious officer, Donop hoped to remain in North America after the war, to pursue dreams of power and glory.
Wearing a veneer of civility, |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 6, "sc": 590, "ep": 10, "ec": 335} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 6 | 590 | 10 | 335 | Carl von Donop | Origins and ambitions & Early battles | and deferential to his superiors, Donop was an able officer but was not well liked by his subordinates. To his inferiors he was short-tempered and harsh, and he had a take-no-prisoners policy that was enforced by severe beatings. Early battles Donop's troops took part in the initial British landing on Long Island, New York, on August 22, 1776, and in the ensuing Battle of Long Island on August 27. They also participated in the landing at Kip's Bay on Manhattan Island on the night of September 14. Donop distinguished himself at the Battle of Harlem Heights, going to the aid |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 10, "sc": 335, "ep": 14, "ec": 598} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 10 | 335 | 14 | 598 | Carl von Donop | Early battles & Retreat after Battle of Trenton | of the British troops involved. Retreat after Battle of Trenton Donop was the senior officer present in southern New Jersey in late 1776, and commanded the garrisons in Trenton, Burlington, and Bordentown, which consisted of several Hessian battalions, the Forty-second Highland Regiment (commanded by Colonel Stirling), and Jäger detachments. His main camp was at Bordentown prior to the Battle of Trenton, with one battalion occupying the town and the rest billeted along the country roads in Slabtown [Jacksonville] Black Horse [Columbus] Burlington City and White House (the Mary Field Plantation). His overall commander was Major General James Grant. Donop |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 14, "sc": 598, "ep": 14, "ec": 1256} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 14 | 598 | 14 | 1,256 | Carl von Donop | Retreat after Battle of Trenton | wanted to absorb Colonel Johann Rall's brigade into his garrison to fortify Trenton, but William Howe was persuaded to let Rall hold command on his own in Trenton. Warned by local Loyalists of impending attack, Donop warned Grant, who dismissed these cautions.
On December 22, 1776, Colonial militia under the command of Colonel Samuel Griffin attacked Donop's southern outposts at Slabtown. This force of colonials was sent from Philadelphia by General Israel Putnam as a deterrent to further encroachment on the river crossings opposite the colonial capitol at Philadelphia. The colonials numbered about 900 local militia and a few regulars, while |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 14, "sc": 1256, "ep": 14, "ec": 1880} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 14 | 1,256 | 14 | 1,880 | Carl von Donop | Retreat after Battle of Trenton | Donop commanded over two thousand veterans.
In response to this attack, Donop moved his entire force south, pushing the colonials through Mount Holly at the Battle of Iron Works Hill and onto the opposite side of the Rancocas Creek. On Christmas Eve, the colonials retreated a few miles to Moorestown.
Donop's officers wanted him to return to Bordentown, within easy supporting distance for Rall. Donop had nothing but contempt for Rall and decided to spend Christmas in the company of "a beautiful young widow" - as reported by his Captain of Jägers, Johann Ewald. There is some speculation, but no proof, |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 14, "sc": 1880, "ep": 14, "ec": 2461} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 14 | 1,880 | 14 | 2,461 | Carl von Donop | Retreat after Battle of Trenton | that the "beautiful young widow" was Betsy Ross.
A rider brought news of the disaster at Trenton about mid-day on December 26. Out of position, and fearing he would be cut off from the remaining Royal Forces, Donop ordered his corps to move through Crosswicks to Princeton. He left a rear guard and allowed for baggage wagons, wounded and such to be brought along. He abandoned a good bit of plunder in his excitement and urgency.
The victory at Trenton was won by Washington, but some credit should be given to the young widow who held Donop out of position a day |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 14, "sc": 2461, "ep": 18, "ec": 492} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 14 | 2,461 | 18 | 492 | Carl von Donop | Retreat after Battle of Trenton & Battle of Red Bank | too long to be of help to Rall. Battle of Red Bank When Howe's forces captured Philadelphia in 1777, he then acted to open the Delaware River to the navy. The effort was directed at the forts on either side of the river. The Royal Navy attacked Fort Mifflin in Pennsylvania. In an attempt to recoup his tarnished reputation from his defeat at Trenton, Donop volunteered to attempt the capture of Fort Mercer at Red Bank in what is now National Park, New Jersey. General Howe agreed, if it could be done easily, and gave Donop command of 2,000 |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 18, "sc": 492, "ep": 18, "ec": 1104} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 18 | 492 | 18 | 1,104 | Carl von Donop | Battle of Red Bank | Hessian troops, with which he crossed the Delaware River on October 22. That afternoon, Donop surrounded the fort and demanded surrender from Colonel Christopher Greene with the threat of invasion and no quarter. Greene, in a strong position with 400 Rhode Islanders and in possession of plentiful cannon, grapeshot, and powder, rejected the demand. Donop led 1,200 Hessians in three attacks on the fort, all of which were beaten back, resulting in nearly 400 Hessian casualties, including Donop himself. Fatally wounded in what would be known as the Battle of Red Bank, Donop died two days later on October 25, |
{"datasets_id": 162027, "wiki_id": "Q87697", "sp": 18, "sc": 1104, "ep": 18, "ec": 1314} | 162,027 | Q87697 | 18 | 1,104 | 18 | 1,314 | Carl von Donop | Battle of Red Bank | 1777. He said to a brother officer before he died: “It is finishing a noble career early; but I die the victim of my ambition, and of the avarice of my sovereign.”
He was buried on Red Bank Battlefield |
{"datasets_id": 162028, "wiki_id": "Q5046095", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 316} | 162,028 | Q5046095 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 316 | Carreras Domingo Pavarotti in Concert | Reception & Impact | Carreras Domingo Pavarotti in Concert Reception The recording, released on the Decca Classics label, won the Grammy Award for Best Classical Vocal Performance in 1991 at the 33rd Grammy Awards. It is the best-selling classical album of all time and led to a shift in the way the music industry marketed classical recordings. Impact This first Three Tenors performance and recording led to thirty-three additional concerts with Carreras, Domingo, and Pavarotti, as well as three more live audio and video albums. All were best-sellers.
The unexpected success of the album among general audiences led to a restructuring of the classical music |
{"datasets_id": 162028, "wiki_id": "Q5046095", "sp": 10, "sc": 316, "ep": 10, "ec": 531} | 162,028 | Q5046095 | 10 | 316 | 10 | 531 | Carreras Domingo Pavarotti in Concert | Impact | industry into separate "core classical" and "strategic classical" areas. With the latter category, the industry now geared its focus toward reaching new audiences via intense performer-centric marketing strategies. |
{"datasets_id": 162029, "wiki_id": "Q5054998", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 153} | 162,029 | Q5054998 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 153 | Caveman Ughlympics | Reception | Caveman Ughlympics Reception Computer Gaming World gave the game a positive review, saying the game is most enjoyable with 2-4 players. The game's humor was its most praised quality. |
{"datasets_id": 162030, "wiki_id": "Q877811", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 556} | 162,030 | Q877811 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 556 | Centrope | Centrope Centrope is an Interreg IIIA project to establish a multinational region in four Central European states: Slovakia, Austria, Hungary and the Czech Republic.
Centrope is a joint initiative of the Austrian federal states of Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland, the Czech region of South Moravia, the Slovak regions of Bratislava and Trnava, and the Hungarian counties of Győr-Moson-Sopron and Vas. On the basis of the Kittsee Declaration of 2003, they work jointly towards the creation of the Central European Region in this four-country quadrangle. |
|
{"datasets_id": 162031, "wiki_id": "Q2820556", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 8, "ec": 446} | 162,031 | Q2820556 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 446 | Cerne Abbey | History | Cerne Abbey Cerne Abbey was a Benedictine monastery founded in 987 in the town now called Cerne Abbas, Dorset, by Æthelmær the Stout. History The abbey was founded in 987 by Æthelmær the Stout. Ælfric of Eynsham, the most prolific writer in Old English, was known to have spent time at the abbey as a priest and teacher.
King Canute is known to have plundered this monastery during an attack upon the town, but afterwards became a benefactor of it.
By the time of the Domesday Book, the abbey had added substantially to its endowment. Much of this wealth has been credited |
{"datasets_id": 162031, "wiki_id": "Q2820556", "sp": 8, "sc": 446, "ep": 8, "ec": 1032} | 162,031 | Q2820556 | 8 | 446 | 8 | 1,032 | Cerne Abbey | History | to the veneration of Saint Eadwold of Cerne, a 9th-century hermit reputedly a brother of Edmund, king of East Anglia. Eadwold lived as a hermit on a hill about four miles from Cerne.
The later history appears to have been relatively uneventful; A History of the County of Dorset says that its history is "perhaps the least eventful of any of the Dorset houses with the exception of that of the sisters at Tarrant Kaines". The abbey's history ended on a less positive note, with the last abbot, Thomas Corton, accused of various offences including that of allowing the abbey and |
{"datasets_id": 162031, "wiki_id": "Q2820556", "sp": 8, "sc": 1032, "ep": 8, "ec": 1625} | 162,031 | Q2820556 | 8 | 1,032 | 8 | 1,625 | Cerne Abbey | History | lands to become ruinous, and of keeping a mistress who seems to have borne him children. The accusations were taken seriously enough to warrant inspection by commissioners, and the abbey was closed in 1539.
Following the dissolution, the buildings were mainly demolished. Abbey House, a Grade I listed building, occupies the site of the gatehouse and incorporates parts of it. Most of the house dates from after a fire in the middle of the 18th century in which the gatehouse was seriously damaged. The late 15th century Guest House of the abbey is also Grade I listed, as is the very |
{"datasets_id": 162031, "wiki_id": "Q2820556", "sp": 8, "sc": 1625, "ep": 8, "ec": 1918} | 162,031 | Q2820556 | 8 | 1,625 | 8 | 1,918 | Cerne Abbey | History | elaborate stone vaulted porch of the abbot's hall, built around 1500, which survives in the midst of a wooded lawn, with a Grade II* listed, early 16th century barn lying to its north. A Grade I listed, 14th-century tithe barn, converted to a house in the late 18th century, lies to its east. |
{"datasets_id": 162032, "wiki_id": "Q16160632", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 8, "ec": 304} | 162,032 | Q16160632 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 304 | Chaim Loike | Kosher bird species | Chaim Loike Chaim Loike (born 1977 in New York City to Marian Stoltz-Loike and John Loike) is an American Rabbi who works for the Orthodox Union. He is an expert on kosher species of birds. He is the director of the Biblical Ornithological Society. Kosher bird species The Bible gives a list of non-kosher birds in Leviticus 11:13-19 and Deuteronomy 14:11-18. (See kosher animals for full article). However, today it is not clear which species the Bible had in mind. People who keep kosher rely on several rules listed in the Talmud and on tradition to know which birds may |
{"datasets_id": 162032, "wiki_id": "Q16160632", "sp": 8, "sc": 304, "ep": 8, "ec": 952} | 162,032 | Q16160632 | 8 | 304 | 8 | 952 | Chaim Loike | Kosher bird species | be consumed.
Jewish law also dictates that birds that interbreed can be considered members of the same species. This is one of the reasons why turkeys, which were unknown in the Middle East in ancient time, are considered kosher by many Jewish groups. Over the past decade, Chaim Loike has interviewed Jewish elders from far-flung communities, such as Afghanistan, to document their traditions regarding kosher bird species.
He has also extensively bred and raised many exotic birds in order to determine their kosher status. Loike worked extensively on different species of quails in order to determine if they are kosher, and his |
{"datasets_id": 162032, "wiki_id": "Q16160632", "sp": 8, "sc": 952, "ep": 12, "ec": 133} | 162,032 | Q16160632 | 8 | 952 | 12 | 133 | Chaim Loike | Kosher bird species & Philby's Partridge | research was used by Rabbi Yisroel Belsky as the basis for his ruling on the matter. He has also written on the subject of partridges, ruling that several different species should follow the precedent set by the chukar partridge and be considered kosher. In another instance, he raised runner ducks.
Rabbi Loike lectures extensively for the Orthodox Union on the subject, often bringing live birds for the presentations. He is also a lecturer at Touro College. Philby's Partridge In 2013, Loike launched an online campaign to fund an investigation into the kosher status of Philby's partridge. He aimed to raise a |
{"datasets_id": 162032, "wiki_id": "Q16160632", "sp": 12, "sc": 133, "ep": 16, "ec": 141} | 162,032 | Q16160632 | 12 | 133 | 16 | 141 | Chaim Loike | Philby's Partridge & Publications | captive population of this endangered species, indigenous to Northern Yemen. By proving the birds to be kosher, Loike hoped to create a market for them and thus stave off their extinction. Publications Loike has compiled a source book on the subject of kosher birds and eggs, published by the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America. |
{"datasets_id": 162033, "wiki_id": "Q2948478", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 585} | 162,033 | Q2948478 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 585 | Chambres en ville | Plot | Chambres en ville Plot This is the story of flatmates living in a dormitory. Louise is one of the central character in this series along with Rodrigue "Pete" Béliveau. Louise welcomes students into her residence and ends up taking on different roles for her guests: a mother, nurse, listener, psychologist, and probation agent among others. The students develop a close relationship with her and most of them keep coming back each year. Even after they depart, Louise is always available for them. Through different students' experiences, we are witness to all sorts of wild and turbulent events. Some of the |
{"datasets_id": 162033, "wiki_id": "Q2948478", "sp": 6, "sc": 585, "ep": 6, "ec": 752} | 162,033 | Q2948478 | 6 | 585 | 6 | 752 | Chambres en ville | Plot | subjects raised include; wars between roommates, sex (often during action), sickness (AIDS) and cheating, all of which make for an interesting soap opera (téléroman). |
{"datasets_id": 162034, "wiki_id": "Q5070804", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 582} | 162,034 | Q5070804 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 582 | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty | Tang reorganization | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty Tang reorganization The Tang dynasty founder Emperor Gaozu initially followed the Sui's system of governance, including the five-bureau organization. However, he deviated from his predecessors by creating a single head for the executive bureau, known as the Shàngshūlǐng (尚書令) and appointed the office to his second son and future emperor Lǐ Shìmín (李世民). After Li Shimin became emperor in 626, the office was left vacant because none of his officials dared to occupy it. Thus from the year 626 the executive bureau was headed by its two vice-directors, the Shàngshūpúshè. Around this time, probably by |
{"datasets_id": 162034, "wiki_id": "Q5070804", "sp": 6, "sc": 582, "ep": 6, "ec": 1272} | 162,034 | Q5070804 | 6 | 582 | 6 | 1,272 | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty | Tang reorganization | Emperor Taizong's orders, the institution of multiple chancellors was formalized, with the heads of the executive, examination, and legislative (which was renamed the Zhōngshūshěng (中書省)) bureaus regarded as the chancellors. As there were often, but not always, more than one head for the examination and legislative bureaus, there were not necessarily only four chancellors. Emperor Taizong's reign also began to designate certain high-level officials, even though they were not heads of one of the bureaus, as chancellors, with titles such as Cānyù Cháozhèng (參豫朝政, literally "participator in the administration's governance"). Yet later in 643, he revised the designation and formalized |
{"datasets_id": 162034, "wiki_id": "Q5070804", "sp": 6, "sc": 1272, "ep": 6, "ec": 1958} | 162,034 | Q5070804 | 6 | 1,272 | 6 | 1,958 | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty | Tang reorganization | it as the Tóngzhōngshūménxiàsānpǐn (同中書門下三品, literally meaning "equivalent to the officials with the third rank from the Zhōngshū and the Ménxià") — because the heads of the legislative bureau, the Zhōngshūlǐng (中書令), and the examination bureau, the Shìzhōng (侍中), were of the third rank. These officials were rendered as "chancellors de facto'" Shízhìzǎixiàng (實質宰相) by the Chinese historian Bo Yang in his modern Chinese edition of the Zizhi Tongjian.
Throughout Tang history, the names of the examination and legislative bureaus were changed multiple times, and so the designation of Tóngzhōngshū Ménxià Sānpǐn was frequently changed in response thereof. For example, during |
{"datasets_id": 162034, "wiki_id": "Q5070804", "sp": 6, "sc": 1958, "ep": 6, "ec": 2614} | 162,034 | Q5070804 | 6 | 1,958 | 6 | 2,614 | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty | Tang reorganization | the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, when the legislative bureau was briefly known as the Zǐwéishěng (紫微省) and the examination bureau the Huángménshěng (黃門省), the chancellors de facto were known as the Tóng Zǐwéi Huángmén Sānpǐn. A lesser designation, with the same powers, was created in 682 during the reign of Emperor Gaozong, and was initially known as the Tóng Zhōngshū Ménxià Píngzhāngshì (同中書門下平章事, literally "equivalent to the participators from the Zhōngshū and the Ménxià"), rendered by Bo as "chancellors de facto second grade." Later in Tang history, after the Anshi Rebellion, while the chancellor-de facto designation was not officially abolished, |
{"datasets_id": 162034, "wiki_id": "Q5070804", "sp": 6, "sc": 2614, "ep": 6, "ec": 3289} | 162,034 | Q5070804 | 6 | 2,614 | 6 | 3,289 | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty | Tang reorganization | it was no longer in use, as the last chancellor to be designated as such was Li Lin, in 757–758, and the chancellor-de facto-of-second-grade designation became very common and was used for the rest of Tang history. Furthermore, after 705, the heads of the executive bureau were no longer considered chancellors unless they received the chancellor-de facto designation of either kind. Throughout the early dynasty until the second reign of Emperor Ruizong in 710, variations of the Canyu Chaozheng also continued appearing, including Canzhi Jiwu (參知機務, literally "participator in important matters"), Canzhang Jimi (參掌機密, literally "participator in national secret matters"), |
{"datasets_id": 162034, "wiki_id": "Q5070804", "sp": 6, "sc": 3289, "ep": 6, "ec": 3978} | 162,034 | Q5070804 | 6 | 3,289 | 6 | 3,978 | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty | Tang reorganization | Canzhi Zhengshi (參知政事, literally "participator in governance matters"), Canmou Zhengshi (參謀政事, similarly in meaning to Canzhi Zhengshi) also appeared, which Bo rendered as "chancellors de facto of the third class."
The chancellors periodically met together at the Zhengshi Tang (政事堂, literally "the Hall of State Matters"), originally physically located within the examination bureau. In 683, when Pei Yan, then the head of the examination bureau, became the head of the legislative bureau, the Zhengshi Tang was moved from the examination bureau to the legislative bureau. Later, during Emperor Xuanzong's reign, when Zhang Shuo became chancellor, he changed the name to Zhongshu |
{"datasets_id": 162034, "wiki_id": "Q5070804", "sp": 6, "sc": 3978, "ep": 6, "ec": 4591} | 162,034 | Q5070804 | 6 | 3,978 | 6 | 4,591 | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty | Tang reorganization | Menxia (中書門下), apparently employing a double entendre, as when the terms were put together, they meant, "within the doors of the Zhongshu." Zhang also reorganized the Hall by creating five offices under the chancellors—in charge of civil service, state secrets, military matters, governance, and criminal law, respectively. Later in the dynasty—starting during the reign of Emperor Suzong — the chancellors begin to rotate off-days so that at least one would always be on duty; when submissions were to be made to the emperor, they were signed in the names of all chancellors, whether on duty or not. The name of |
{"datasets_id": 162034, "wiki_id": "Q5070804", "sp": 6, "sc": 4591, "ep": 6, "ec": 4647} | 162,034 | Q5070804 | 6 | 4,591 | 6 | 4,647 | Chancellor of the Tang dynasty | Tang reorganization | their meeting place also changed back to Zhengshi Tang. |
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