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Pursuing a degree to
seek a career in a
field you enjoy.
3.
expectations
of …
Expectation and
perception
(preconceived and
continuing) of
educational material
What you expect to learn to fulfill
goals and meet needs.
4. the mass
media or
other sources,
which lead
to…
The content and
learning activities of the
program
Selection of content aimed at
fulfilling needs. Results are student
satisfaction, perceived value, and
continued enrollment.
Choosing which
learning activities to
use (e.g., texts,
watch videos,
research alternative
content, etc.).
5. differential
patterns of
media
exposure,
resulting in …
Frequency and level of
participation
How you engage with learning
activities and how often. Results are
student satisfaction and perceived
value, and continued enrollment.
When, how often,
and how much time
you spend in
learning activities.
6. needs
gratification
and …
Better job, increased
income, satisfying
career, prestige, more
immediate goals like
pass an exam, earn a
good grade, etc.
Needs fulfillment and completion of
goals.
Learning activities
that meet your
learning needs,
including fulfillment
of your original
goals.
7. other
unintended
consequences.
Increased skills and
knowledge,
entertainment, social
involvement and
networking
Causes positive loop-back into 4, 5,
and 6, reinforcing those positive
outcomes.
Things you learn
beyond your initial
goals.
Table 2.3
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