Datasets:

emmaxp
/

mytestdata

Dataset card Data Studio Files Files and versions Community

Split (2)

train · 2.84k rows

input stringlengths 0 190	instruction stringlengths 0 136	output stringlengths 0 130k
Why Do We Suffer, Grow Old, and Die?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102021008	Why Do We Suffer, Grow Old, and Die? Our Creator views us as his children. So he does not want us to suffer. Yet, there is much suffering around us. Why is this so? Our Original Parents Caused Us to Suffer “Through one man sin entered into the world and death through sin, and so death spread to all men.”—ROMANS 5:12. God created our original parents, Adam and Eve, with perfect minds and bodies. He also gave them a paradise home on earth—called the garden of Eden. He told them that they could eat from all the trees in the garden, except for one. However, Adam and Eve chose to eat some of the fruit from that tree, and that was a sin. (Genesis 2:15-17; 3:1-19) After their disobedience, God expelled the couple from the garden and life became hard for them. In time, they had children, and life was hard for them too. They all grew old and died. (Genesis 3:23; 5:5) We get sick, grow old, and die because we come from that original family. Wicked Spirits Add to Our Suffering “The whole world is lying in the power of the wicked one.”—1 JOHN 5:19. That “wicked one” is called Satan. He is an invisible spirit creature who rebelled against God. (John 8:44; Revelation 12:9) Later, other spirit creatures joined Satan. They are called demons. These evil spirits use their power to deceive people and turn them away from the Creator. They influence many people to do bad things. (Psalm 106:35-38; 1 Timothy 4:1) Satan and the demons delight in causing pain and suffering. We Sometimes Cause Our Own Suffering “Whatever a person is sowing, this he will also reap.”—GALATIANS 6:7. In various ways, we all suffer because of inherited sin and Satan’s influence on the world around us. But sometimes people add to their own suffering. How? When they do bad things or make foolish decisions, they often reap bad results. On the other hand, when people do good things, they reap good results. For example, a husband and father who is honest, works hard, and loves his family will reap many good things and make his family happy. But one who gambles, drinks too much, or is lazy may bring himself and his family into poverty. So we are wise to listen to our Creator. He wants us to reap many good things, including “abundant peace.”—Psalm 119:165. We Are in “the Last Days” “In the last days . . . , men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, . . . disobedient to parents, . . . without self-control, fierce, without love of goodness.”—2 TIMOTHY 3:1-5. Today, many people behave just as those words foretold. Their behavior adds to the evidence that we are in “the last days” of the present world. The Scriptures also foretold that our time would be marked by wars, food shortages, great earthquakes, and diseases. (Matthew 24:3, 7, 8; Luke 21:10, 11) These things cause much suffering and death. I Have Found Inner Peace “I was paralyzed at 19 years of age and was told that this was a result of something bad that I had done before I was born. Because of this, I suffered mentally and emotionally. I was taught that God is responsible for mankind’s suffering. I could not love such a cruel God. Then I examined the Bible and learned that the Creator cares about us and that a wicked spirit creature called Satan is the main cause of human suffering. I also learned that God will soon destroy Satan and undo all the harm he has done. I have grown to love this wonderful God very much. And I have found inner peace.”—Sanjay. Learn more: For more helpful information on suffering and how to cope with it, go to jw.org and look under BIBLE TEACHINGS > BIBLE QUESTIONS ANSWERED > SUFFERING.
Reasoning (rs) 1989	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/books/reasoning-rs	Hell Definition: The word “hell” is found in many Bible translations. In the same verses other translations read “the grave,” “the world of the dead,” and so forth. Other Bibles simply transliterate the original-language words that are sometimes rendered “hell”; that is, they express them with the letters of our alphabet but leave the words untranslated. What are those words? The Hebrew she’ohlʹ and its Greek equivalent haiʹdes, which refer, not to an individual burial place, but to the common grave of dead mankind; also the Greek geʹen·na, which is used as a symbol of eternal destruction. However, both in Christendom and in many non-Christian religions it is taught that hell is a place inhabited by demons and where the wicked, after death, are punished (and some believe that this is with torment). Does the Bible indicate whether the dead experience pain? Eccl. 9:5, 10: “The living are conscious that they will die; but as for the dead, they are conscious of nothing at all . . . All that your hand finds to do, do with your very power, for there is no work nor devising nor knowledge nor wisdom in Sheol,* the place to which you are going.” (If they are conscious of nothing, they obviously feel no pain.) (“Sheol,” AS, RS, NE, JB; “the grave,” KJ, Kx; “hell,” Dy; “the world of the dead,” TEV.) Ps. 146:4: “His spirit goes out, he goes back to his ground; in that day his thoughts do perish.” (“Thoughts,” KJ, 145:4 in Dy; “schemes,” JB; “plans,” RS, TEV.) Does the Bible indicate that the soul survives the death of the body? Ezek. 18:4: “The soul that is sinning—it itself will die.” (“Soul,” KJ, Dy, RS, NE, Kx; “the man,” JB; “the person,” TEV.) “The concept of ‘soul,’ meaning a purely spiritual, immaterial reality, separate from the ‘body,’ . . . does not exist in the Bible.”—La Parole de Dieu (Paris, 1960), Georges Auzou, professor of Sacred Scripture, Rouen Seminary, France, p. 128. “Although the Hebrew word nefesh [in the Hebrew Scriptures] is frequently translated as ‘soul,’ it would be inaccurate to read into it a Greek meaning. Nefesh . . . is never conceived of as operating separately from the body. In the New Testament the Greek word psyche is often translated as ‘soul’ but again should not be readily understood to have the meaning the word had for the Greek philosophers. It usually means ‘life,’ or ‘vitality,’ or, at times, ‘the self.’”—The Encyclopedia Americana (1977), Vol. 25, p. 236. What sort of people go to the Bible hell? Does the Bible say that the wicked go to hell? Ps. 9:17, KJ: “The wicked shall be turned into hell, and all the nations that forget God.” (“Hell,” 9:18 in Dy; “death,” TEV; “the place of death,” Kx; “Sheol,” AS, RS, NE, JB, NW.) Does the Bible also say that upright people go to hell? Job 14:13, Dy: “[Job prayed:] Who will grant me this, that thou mayst protect me in hell, and hide me till thy wrath pass, and appoint me a time when thou wilt remember me?” (God himself said that Job was “a man blameless and upright, fearing God and turning aside from bad.”—Job 1:8.) (“The grave,” KJ; “the world of the dead,” TEV; “Sheol,” AS, RS, NE, JB, NW.) Acts 2:25-27, KJ: “David speaketh concerning him [Jesus Christ], . . . Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.” (The fact that God did not “leave” Jesus in hell implies that Jesus was in hell, or Hades, at least for a time, does it not?) (“Hell,” Dy; “death,” NE; “the place of death,” Kx; “the world of the dead,” TEV; “Hades,” AS, RS, JB, NW.) Does anyone ever get out of the Bible hell? Rev. 20:13, 14, KJ: “The sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works. And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire.” (So the dead will be delivered from hell. Notice also that hell is not the same as the lake of fire but will be cast into the lake of fire.) (“Hell,” Dy, Kx; “the world of the dead,” TEV; “Hades,” NE, AS, RS, JB, NW.) Why is there confusion as to what the Bible says about hell? “Much confusion and misunderstanding has been caused through the early translators of the Bible persistently rendering the Hebrew Sheol and the Greek Hades and Gehenna by the word hell. The simple transliteration of these words by the translators of the revised editions of the Bible has not sufficed to appreciably clear up this confusion and misconception.”—The Encyclopedia Americana (1942), Vol. XIV, p. 81. Translators have allowed their personal beliefs to color their work instead of being consistent in their rendering of the original-language words. For example: (1) The King James Version rendered she’ohlʹ as “hell,” “the grave,” and “the pit”; haiʹdes is therein rendered both “hell” and “grave”; geʹen·na is also translated “hell.” (2) Today’s English Version transliterates haiʹdes as “Hades” and also renders it as “hell” and “the world of the dead.” But besides rendering “hell” from haiʹdes it uses that same translation for geʹen·na. (3) The Jerusalem Bible transliterates haiʹdes six times, but in other passages it translates it as “hell” and as “the underworld.” It also translates geʹen·na as “hell,” as it does haiʹdes in two instances. Thus the exact meanings of the original-language words have been obscured. Is there eternal punishment for the wicked? Matt. 25:46, KJ: “These shall go away into everlasting punishment [“lopping off,” Int; Greek, koʹla·sin]: but the righteous into life eternal.” (The Emphatic Diaglott reads “cutting-off” instead of “punishment.” A footnote states: “Kolasin . . . is derived from kolazoo, which signifies, 1. To cut off; as lopping off branches of trees, to prune. 2. To restrain, to repress. . . . 3. To chastise, to punish. To cut off an individual from life, or society, or even to restrain, is esteemed as punishment;—hence has arisen this third metaphorical use of the word. The primary signification has been adopted, because it agrees better with the second member of the sentence, thus preserving the force and beauty of the antithesis. The righteous go to life, the wicked to the cutting off from life, or death. See 2 Thess. 1.9.”) 2 Thess. 1:9, RS: “They shall suffer the punishment of eternal destruction and exclusion from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might.” (*“Eternal ruin,” NAB, NE; “lost eternally,” JB; “condemn them to eternal punishment,” Kx; “eternal punishment in destruction,” Dy.) Jude 7, KJ: “Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.” (The fire that destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah ceased burning thousands of years ago. But the effect of that fire has been lasting; the cities have not been rebuilt. God’s judgment, however, was against not merely those cities but also their wicked inhabitants. What happened to them is a warning example. At Luke 17:29, Jesus says that they were “destroyed”; Jude 7 shows that the destruction was eternal.) What is the meaning of the ‘eternal torment’ referred to in Revelation? Rev. 14:9-11; 20:10, KJ: “If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead, or in his hand, the same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his indignation; and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb: and the smoke of their torment [Greek, basa·ni·smouʹ] ascendeth up for ever and ever: and they have no rest day nor night, who worship the beast and his image, and whosoever receiveth the mark of his name.” “And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever.” What is the ‘torment’ to which these texts refer? It is noteworthy that at Revelation 11:10 (KJ) reference is made to ‘prophets that torment those dwelling on the earth.’ Such torment results from humiliating exposure by the messages that these prophets proclaim. At Revelation 14:9-11 (KJ) worshipers of the symbolic “beast and his image” are said to be “tormented with fire and brimstone.” This cannot refer to conscious torment after death because “the dead know not any thing.” (Eccl. 9:5, KJ) Then, what causes them to experience such torment while they are still alive? It is the proclamation by God’s servants that worshipers of the “beast and his image” will experience second death, which is represented by “the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone.” The smoke, associated with their fiery destruction, ascends forever because the destruction will be eternal and will never be forgotten. When Revelation 20:10 says that the Devil is to experience ‘torment forever and ever’ in “the lake of fire and brimstone,” what does that mean? Revelation 21:8 (KJ) says clearly that “the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone” means “the second death.” So the Devil’s being “tormented” there forever means that there will be no relief for him; he will be held under restraint forever, actually in eternal death. This use of the word “torment” (from the Greek baʹsa·nos) reminds one of its use at Matthew 18:34, where the same basic Greek word is applied to a ‘jailer.’—RS, AT, ED, NW. What is the ‘fiery Gehenna’ to which Jesus referred? Reference to Gehenna appears 12 times in the Christian Greek Scriptures. Five times it is directly associated with fire. Translators have rendered the Greek expression geʹen·nan tou py·rosʹ as “hell fire” (KJ, Dy), “fires of hell” (NE), “fiery pit” (AT), and “fires of Gehenna” (NAB). Historical background: The Valley of Hinnom (Gehenna) was outside the walls of Jerusalem. For a time it was the site of idolatrous worship, including child sacrifice. In the first century Gehenna was being used as the incinerator for the filth of Jerusalem. Bodies of dead animals were thrown into the valley to be consumed in the fires, to which sulfur, or brimstone, was added to assist the burning. Also bodies of executed criminals, who were considered undeserving of burial in a memorial tomb, were thrown into Gehenna. Thus, at Matthew 5:29, 30, Jesus spoke of the casting of one’s “whole body” into Gehenna. If the body fell into the constantly burning fire it was consumed, but if it landed on a ledge of the deep ravine its putrefying flesh became infested with the ever-present worms, or maggots. (Mark 9:47, 48) Living humans were not pitched into Gehenna; so it was not a place of conscious torment. At Matthew 10:28, Jesus warned his hearers to “be in fear of him that can destroy both soul and body in Gehenna.” What does it mean? Notice that there is no mention here of torment in the fires of Gehenna; rather, he says to ‘fear him that can destroy in Gehenna.’ By referring to the “soul” separately, Jesus here emphasizes that God can destroy all of a person’s life prospects; thus there is no hope of resurrection for him. So, the references to the ‘fiery Gehenna’ have the same meaning as ‘the lake of fire’ of Revelation 21:8, namely, destruction, “second death.” What does the Bible say the penalty for sin is? Rom. 6:23: “The wages sin pays is death.” After one’s death, is he still subject to further punishment for his sins? Rom. 6:7: “He who has died has been acquitted from his sin.” Is eternal torment of the wicked compatible with God’s personality? Jer. 7:31: “They [apostate Judeans] have built the high places of Topheth, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, in order to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire, a thing that I had not commanded and that had not come up into my heart.” (If it never came into God’s heart, surely he does not have and use such a thing on a larger scale.) Illustration: What would you think of a parent who held his child’s hand over a fire to punish the child for wrongdoing? “God is love.” (1 John 4:8) Would he do what no right-minded human parent would do? Certainly not! By what Jesus said about the rich man and Lazarus, did Jesus teach torment of the wicked after death? Is the account, at Luke 16:19-31, literal or merely an illustration of something else? The Jerusalem Bible, in a footnote, acknowledges that it is a “parable in story form without reference to any historical personage.” If taken literally, it would mean that those enjoying divine favor could all fit at the bosom of one man, Abraham; that the water on one’s fingertip would not be evaporated by the fire of Hades; that a mere drop of water would bring relief to one suffering there. Does that sound reasonable to you? If it were literal, it would conflict with other parts of the Bible. If the Bible were thus contradictory, would a lover of truth use it as a basis for his faith? But the Bible does not contradict itself. What does the parable mean? The “rich man” represented the Pharisees. (See verse 14.) The beggar Lazarus represented the common Jewish people who were despised by the Pharisees but who repented and became followers of Jesus. (See Luke 18:11; John 7:49; Matthew 21:31, 32.) Their deaths were also symbolic, representing a change in circumstances. Thus, the formerly despised ones came into a position of divine favor, and the formerly seemingly favored ones were rejected by God, while being tormented by the judgment messages delivered by the ones whom they had despised.—Acts 5:33; 7:54. What is the origin of the teaching of hellfire? In ancient Babylonian and Assyrian beliefs the “nether world . . . is pictured as a place full of horrors, and is presided over by gods and demons of great strength and fierceness.” (The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria, Boston, 1898, Morris Jastrow, Jr., p. 581) Early evidence of the fiery aspect of Christendom’s hell is found in the religion of ancient Egypt. (The Book of the Dead, New Hyde Park, N.Y., 1960, with introduction by E. A. Wallis Budge, pp. 144, 149, 151, 153, 161) Buddhism, which dates back to the 6th century B.C.E., in time came to feature both hot and cold hells. (The Encyclopedia Americana, 1977, Vol. 14, p. 68) Depictions of hell portrayed in Catholic churches in Italy have been traced to Etruscan roots.—La civiltà etrusca (Milan, 1979), Werner Keller, p. 389. But the real roots of this God-dishonoring doctrine go much deeper. The fiendish concepts associated with a hell of torment slander God and originate with the chief slanderer of God (the Devil, which name means “Slanderer”), the one whom Jesus Christ called “the father of the lie.”—John 8:44.
Scriptures for Christian Living (scl) 2023	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/scl	Bragging Ps 94:4; 1Co 13:4; Jas 3:5, 14 See also Pr 21:24; Jer 9:23, 24 Relevant Bible account(s): Jg 7:1-7—Jehovah reduces Judge Gideon’s army to 300 men in order to make it clear that the victory will come from Him 2Ki 18:28-35—Through a spokesman, Assyrian King Sennacherib boasts that Jehovah cannot rescue Jerusalem from Assyria
Table of outputs	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2010040	Table of outputs January 15, 2010 Study Edition STUDY ARTICLES FOR THE WEEKS OF: March 1-7, 2010 Why Dedicate Yourself to Jehovah? PAGE 3 SONGS TO BE USED: 7, 106 March 8-14, 2010 Belonging to Jehovah—An Undeserved Kindness PAGE 7 SONGS TO BE USED: 62, 107 March 15-21, 2010 Prove to Be a Real Follower of Christ PAGE 12 SONGS TO BE USED: 40, 84 March 22-28, 2010 Satan’s Way of Ruling Sure to Fail PAGE 24 SONGS TO BE USED: 132, 133 March 29, 2010–April 4, 2010 Jehovah’s Way of Ruling Vindicated! PAGE 28 SONGS TO BE USED: 108, 14 Purpose of Study Articles STUDY ARTICLES 1, 2 PAGES 3-11 These articles examine what it means to dedicate oneself to Jehovah and why one needs to take that step. We will also consider why we can be confident that we will be able to do what Jehovah expects of us. Furthermore, we will learn what blessings are enjoyed by all those who belong to Jehovah. STUDY ARTICLE 3 PAGES 12-16 This article examines five important areas in which each of us should strive to imitate Christ. By doing that, we will prove to be Christ’s real followers, and we will be able to help sheeplike ones to recognize the true Christian congregation. STUDY ARTICLES 4, 5 PAGES 24-32 The fourth article considers why human rulership independent from God has been a disaster and how it has served to highlight the excellence of Jehovah’s way of ruling. The fifth article discusses how we can demonstrate that we have accepted Jehovah’s way of ruling. ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: Help Your Children to Meet Their Many Challenges 16 Use Each Day of Your Life for God’s Glory 21
When Someone Dies (we) 2005	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/when-someone-dies-we	“It Can’t Be True!” A NEW YORK (U.S.A.) man relates: “My son Jonathan was visiting friends a few miles away. My wife, Valentina, didn’t like him to go out there. She was always nervous about the traffic. But he loved electronics, and his friends had a workshop where he could get practical experience. I was at home in west Manhattan, New York. My wife was away visiting her family in Puerto Rico. ‘Jonathan will be back soon,’ I thought. Then the doorbell rang. ‘That’ll be him for sure.’ It wasn’t. It was the police and paramedics. ‘Do you recognize this driver’s license?’ the police officer asked. ‘Yes, that’s my son’s, Jonathan’s.’ ‘We’ve got bad news for you. There’s been an accident, and . . . your son, . . . your son has been killed.’ My first reaction was, ‘It can’t be true!’ That bombshell opened a wound in our hearts that is still healing, even years later.” ‘We’ve got bad news for you. There’s been an accident, and . . . your son, . . . your son has been killed.’ A father in Barcelona (Spain) writes: “Back in the Spain of the 1960’s, we were a happy family. There were María, my wife, and our three children, David, Paquito, and Isabel, aged 13, 11, and 9 respectively. “One day in March 1963, Paquito came home from school complaining of severe head pains. We were baffled as to what could be the cause—but not for long. Three hours later he was dead. A cerebral hemorrhage had snuffed out his life. “Paquito’s death took place over 30 years ago. Even so, the deep pain of that loss stays with us to this day. There is no way that parents can lose a child and not feel that they have lost something of themselves—regardless of how much time passes or how many other children they may have.” These two experiences, where parents lost children, illustrate how deep and lasting the wound is when a child dies. How true the words of a doctor who wrote: “The death of a child is usually more tragic and traumatic than the death of an older person because a child is the last person in the family expected to die. . . . The death of any child represents the loss of future dreams, relationships [son, daughter-in-law, grandchildren], experiences . . . that have not yet been enjoyed.” And this sense of deep loss can also apply to any woman who has lost a baby through miscarriage. A bereaved wife explains: “My husband, Russell, had served as a medical aide in the Pacific theater during World War II. He had seen and survived some terrible battles. He came back to the United States and to a more tranquil life. Later he served as a minister of God’s Word. In his early 60’s he began to have symptoms of a heart problem. He tried to lead an active life. Then, one day in July 1988, he suffered a massive heart attack and died. His loss was devastating. I never even got to say good-bye. He was not just my husband. He was my best friend. We had shared 40 years of life together. Now it seemed that I had to face a special loneliness.” These are just a few of the thousands of tragedies that strike families throughout the world every day. As most grieving persons will tell you, when death takes your child, your husband, your wife, your parent, your friend, it is truly what the Christian writer Paul called it, “the last enemy.” Often the first natural reaction to the dreadful news may be denial, “It can’t be true! I don’t believe it.” Other reactions often follow, as we will see.—1 Corinthians 15:25, 26. However, before we consider the feelings of grief, let us answer some important questions. Does death mean the end of that person? Is there any hope that we can see our loved ones again? There Is a Real Hope The Bible writer Paul offered hope of relief from that “last enemy,” death. He wrote: “Death is to be brought to nothing.” “The last enemy to be abolished is death.” (1 Corinthians 15:26, The New English Bible) Why could Paul be so sure of that? Because he had been taught by one who had been raised from the dead, Jesus Christ. (Acts 9:3-19) That is also why Paul could write: “Since death is through a man [Adam], resurrection of the dead is also through a man [Jesus Christ]. For just as in Adam all are dying, so also in the Christ all will be made alive.”—1 Corinthians 15:21, 22. Jesus was deeply grieved when he met a widow of Nain and saw her dead son. The Bible account tells us: “As [Jesus] got near the gate of the city [Nain], why, look! there was a dead man being carried out, the only-begotten son of his mother. Besides, she was a widow. A considerable crowd from the city was also with her. And when the Lord caught sight of her, he was moved with pity for her, and he said to her: ‘Stop weeping.’ With that he approached and touched the bier, and the bearers stood still, and he said: ‘Young man, I say to you, Get up!’ And the dead man sat up and started to speak, and he gave him to his mother. Now fear seized them all, and they began to glorify God, saying: ‘A great prophet has been raised up among us,’ and, ‘God has turned his attention to his people.’” Notice how Jesus was moved with pity, so that he resurrected the widow’s son! Imagine what that portends for the future!—Luke 7:12-16. There, in front of eyewitnesses, Jesus performed an unforgettable resurrection. It was a token of the resurrection that he had already predicted some time prior to this event, a restoration to life on earth under “a new heaven.” On that occasion Jesus had said: “Do not marvel at this, because the hour is coming in which all those in the memorial tombs will hear his voice and come out.”—Revelation 21:1, 3, 4; John 5:28, 29; 2 Peter 3:13. Other eyewitnesses to a resurrection included Peter, along with some others of the 12 who accompanied Jesus on his travels. They actually heard the resurrected Jesus speak by the Sea of Galilee. The account tells us: “Jesus said to them: ‘Come, take your breakfast.’ Not one of the disciples had the courage to inquire of him: ‘Who are you?’ because they knew it was the Lord. Jesus came and took the bread and gave it to them, and the fish likewise. This was now the third time that Jesus appeared to the disciples after his being raised up from the dead.”—John 21:12-14. Therefore, Peter could write with utter conviction: “Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, for according to his great mercy he gave us a new birth to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead.”—1 Peter 1:3. The apostle Paul expressed his confident hope when he said: “I believe all the things set forth in the Law and written in the Prophets; and I have hope toward God, which hope these men themselves also entertain, that there is going to be a resurrection of both the righteous and the unrighteous.”—Acts 24:14, 15. Millions therefore can have the solid hope of seeing their loved ones alive again on earth but under very different circumstances. What will those circumstances be? Further details of the Bible-based hope for our lost loved ones will be discussed in the final section of this brochure, eninputd “A Sure Hope for the Dead.” But first let us consider questions you may have if you are grieving over the loss of a loved one: Is it normal to grieve this way? How can I live with my grief? What can others do to help me cope? How can I help others who are grieving? And principally, What does the Bible say about a sure hope for the dead? Will I ever see my loved ones again? And where? Questions to Ponder What is a natural reaction to the death of a loved one? What did Jesus do for a widow at Nain? What promise regarding the dead did Jesus give? Why could Peter and Paul be sure that there would be a resurrection? What questions deserve an answer?
Isaiah’s Prophecy II (ip-2) 2001	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ip-2	Chapter Twenty-one True Worship Expands Worldwide Isaiah 60:1-22 1. What encouraging message does Isaiah chapter 60 contain? CHAPTER 60 of Isaiah is written as a soul-stirring drama. In the opening verses, our attention is captured by a touching scene. A series of events follows in rapid succession, leading us to a moving finale. The chapter describes in colorful word pictures the restoration of true worship in ancient Jerusalem and the worldwide expansion of true worship today. Moreover, it points to eternal blessings in store for all of God’s loyal worshipers. Each one of us can play a part in the fulfillment of this fascinating portion of Isaiah’s prophecy. Let us therefore examine it carefully. Light Shines in the Darkness 2. What command is given to a woman lying in darkness, and why is it urgent that she obey? 2 The opening words of this chapter of Isaiah are addressed to a woman in sad circumstances. She is evidently lying prostrate in darkness on the ground. Suddenly, light pierces the gloom as Jehovah, through Isaiah, calls out: “Arise, O woman, shed forth light, for your light has come and upon you the very glory of Jehovah has shone forth.” (Isaiah 60:1) Yes, the “woman” should get to her feet and reflect God’s glory! Why is this a matter of urgency? The prophecy continues: “Look! darkness itself will cover the earth, and thick gloom the national groups; but upon you Jehovah will shine forth, and upon you his own glory will be seen.” (Isaiah 60:2) For the benefit of those around her who are still groping in darkness, the “woman” must “shed forth light.” What will be the result? “Nations will certainly go to your light, and kings to the brightness of your shining forth.” (Isaiah 60:3) These opening words provide the gist of what will be explained in greater detail in the verses that follow—true worship must expand worldwide! 3. (a) Who is the “woman”? (b) Why has the “woman” been lying in darkness? 3 Although speaking about future events, Jehovah tells the “woman” that her light “has come.” This stresses the certainty that the prophecy will be fulfilled. The “woman” being referred to is Zion, or Jerusalem, the capital of Judah. (Isaiah 52:1, 2; 60:14) The city stands for the entire nation. At the time of the first fulfillment of this prophecy, the “woman” is found lying in darkness, where she has been since Jerusalem was destroyed in 607 B.C.E. However, in 537 B.C.E., a faithful remnant of exiled Jews return to Jerusalem and restore pure worship. At last, Jehovah causes light to shine upon his “woman,” and his restored people become a source of enlightenment among the spiritually bedarkened nations. A Greater Fulfillment 4. Who today on earth represent the “woman,” and to whom do the prophetic words apply by extension? 4 Our interest in these prophetic words goes beyond their fulfillment upon Jerusalem of old. Today Jehovah’s heavenly “woman” is represented on earth by “the Israel of God.” (Galatians 6:16) Over the period of its existence, from Pentecost 33 C.E. until now, this spiritual nation has come to have a total of 144,000 spirit-anointed members, “who have been bought from the earth” with the prospect of ruling with Christ in heaven. (Revelation 14:1, 3) The modern-day fulfillment of Isaiah chapter 60 centers on those of the 144,000 who are alive on earth during “the last days.” (2 Timothy 3:1) The prophecy also has to do with the companions of these anointed Christians, the “great crowd” of “other sheep.”—Revelation 7:9; John 10:11, 16. 5. When did surviving members of the Israel of God find themselves lying in darkness, and when did Jehovah’s light shine forth upon them? 5 For a short time in the early 1900’s, those of the Israel of God still on earth found themselves prostrate in darkness, so to speak. The first world war drew to a close with them in the situation symbolically described in the book of Revelation—their corpses lying “on the broad way of the great city which is in a spiritual sense called Sodom and Egypt.” (Revelation 11:8) In 1919, however, Jehovah shed forth his light upon them. In response, they stood up and reflected God’s light, fearlessly proclaiming the good news of God’s Kingdom.—Matthew 5:14-16; 24:14. 6. How has the world in general responded to the proclamation of Jesus’ royal presence, but who have been drawn to Jehovah’s light? 6 Influenced by Satan, chief of “the world rulers of this darkness,” mankind in general has rejected the announcement of the royal presence of Jesus Christ, “the light of the world.” (Ephesians 6:12; John 8:12; 2 Corinthians 4:3, 4) Nonetheless, millions have been drawn to Jehovah’s light, including “kings” (those who become anointed heirs of the heavenly Kingdom) and “nations” (the great crowd of other sheep). Expansion Causes Heartfelt Joy 7. What heartwarming sight does the “woman” see? 7 Developing the theme set forth at Isaiah 60:3, Jehovah gives the “woman” another command: “Raise your eyes all around and see!” When the “woman” obeys, a heartwarming sight greets her—her children are coming home! “They have all of them been collected together; they have come to you. From far away your own sons keep coming, and your daughters who will be taken care of on the flank.” (Isaiah 60:4) The international Kingdom proclamation that began in 1919 resulted in thousands of additional anointed “sons” and “daughters” being joined to the Israel of God. In this way Jehovah took steps to complete the foretold number of 144,000, who will rule with Christ.—Revelation 5:9, 10. 8. What cause for happiness has the Israel of God had since 1919? 8 This increase caused rejoicing. “At that time you will see and certainly become radiant, and your heart will actually quiver and expand, because to you the wealthiness of the sea will direct itself; the very resources of the nations will come to you.” (Isaiah 60:5) The ingathering of anointed ones during the 1920’s and 1930’s brought great happiness to the Israel of God. Yet, they have had an additional reason for joy. Especially since the mid-1930’s, people who were once part of “the sea” of mankind alienated from God have come out of all the nations to worship with the Israel of God. (Isaiah 57:20; Haggai 2:7) These people do not go off to serve God, each one in his own way. Rather, they come to God’s “woman” and become part of the united flock of God. As a result, all of God’s servants share in the expansion of true worship. Nations Converge Upon Jerusalem 9, 10. Who are seen converging on Jerusalem, and how does Jehovah receive them? 9 Using illustrations familiar to Isaiah’s contemporaries, Jehovah describes the expansion. The “woman,” looking from her vantage point on Mount Zion, first scans the eastern horizon. What does she see? “The heaving mass of camels itself will cover you, the young male camels of Midian and of Ephah. All those from Sheba—they will come. Gold and frankincense they will carry. And the praises of Jehovah they will announce.” (Isaiah 60:6) Camel caravans used by traveling merchants of various tribes wend their way along the roads leading to Jerusalem. (Genesis 37:25, 28; Judges 6:1, 5; 1 Kings 10:1, 2) Camels are everywhere, like a flood covering the land! The caravans bring valuable gifts, showing that the traders come with peaceful intentions. They want to worship Jehovah and give him the best they can offer. 10 These merchants are not the only ones on the march. “All the flocks of Kedar—they will be collected together to you. The rams of Nebaioth—they will minister to you.” Yes, pastoral tribes are also traveling to Jerusalem. They come with gifts of their most valuable possessions—flocks of sheep—and offer themselves as ministers. How will Jehovah receive them? He says: “With approval they will come up upon my altar, and I shall beautify my own house of beauty.” (Isaiah 60:7) Jehovah accepts their gifts, which will be used in pure worship.—Isaiah 56:7; Jeremiah 49:28, 29. 11, 12. (a) What sight greets the “woman” as she gazes westward? (b) Why are so many hurrying to Jerusalem? 11 Jehovah now directs the “woman” to look to the western horizon, and he asks: “Who are these that come flying just like a cloud, and like doves to their birdhouse holes?” Jehovah himself answers: “In me the islands themselves will keep hoping, the ships of Tarshish also as at the first, in order to bring your sons from far away, their silver and their gold being with them, to the name of Jehovah your God and to the Holy One of Israel, for he will have beautified you.”—Isaiah 60:8, 9. 12 Imagine that you are standing with the “woman,” gazing westward across the Great Sea. What do you see? A distant cloud of white dots skimming the surface of the water. They look like birds, but as they come closer, you see that they are ships with their sails unfurled. They have come “from far away.”a (Isaiah 49:12) So many vessels are speeding toward Zion that they resemble a flock of homeward-bound doves. Why is the fleet in such a hurry? It is eager to deliver its cargo of worshipers of Jehovah coming from faraway ports. Indeed, all the new arrivals—both Israelites and foreigners, from the east or the west and from nearby or faraway lands—are hurrying to Jerusalem to dedicate their all to the name of Jehovah, their God.—Isaiah 55:5. 13. In modern times, who are the “sons” and “daughters,” and who are the “resources of the nations”? 13 What a vivid picture Isaiah 60:4-9 paints of the worldwide expansion that has taken place since Jehovah’s “woman” began shedding forth light amid the darkness of this world! First came the “sons” and “daughters” of heavenly Zion, those who became anointed Christians. In 1931 these publicly identified themselves as Jehovah’s Witnesses. Then a cloud of meek ones, “the very resources of the nations” and “the wealthiness of the sea,” hurried to join the remaining ones of Christ’s brothers.b Today all these servants of Jehovah coming from the four corners of the globe and from all walks of life join the Israel of God in praising their Sovereign Lord, Jehovah, and in exalting his name as the grandest name in all the universe. 14. How is it that the new arrivals “come up upon [God’s] altar”? 14 What does it mean, though, that these new arrivals from the nations “come up upon [God’s] altar”? A sacrifice is placed upon an altar. The apostle Paul used an expression involving sacrifice when he wrote: “I entreat you . . . to present your bodies a sacrifice living, holy, acceptable to God, a sacred service with your power of reason.” (Romans 12:1) Genuine Christians are willing to give of themselves. (Luke 9:23, 24) They devote their time, energy, and skills to the promoting of pure worship. (Romans 6:13) In doing so, they offer acceptable sacrifices of praise to God. (Hebrews 13:15) How heartwarming it is that millions of worshipers of Jehovah today, both young and old, have put their personal desires in a position secondary to the interests of God’s Kingdom! They display a genuine spirit of self-sacrifice.—Matthew 6:33; 2 Corinthians 5:15. New Arrivals Share in the Expansion 15. (a) In ancient times, how was Jehovah’s mercy expressed with regard to foreigners? (b) In modern times, how have “foreigners” shared in building up true worship? 15 The new arrivals offer both their possessions and their personal services in support of Jehovah’s “woman.” “Foreigners will actually build your walls, and their own kings will minister to you; for in my indignation I shall have struck you, but in my goodwill I shall certainly have mercy upon you.” (Isaiah 60:10) Jehovah’s mercy was expressed in the sixth century B.C.E. when foreigners helped in the construction work in Jerusalem. (Ezra 3:7; Nehemiah 3:26) In today’s larger fulfillment, “foreigners,” the great crowd, support the anointed remnant in building up true worship. They help build Christian qualities in their Bible students and thus build up Christian congregations and strengthen the citylike “walls” of Jehovah’s organization. (1 Corinthians 3:10-15) They also build in a literal way, working hard in the construction of Kingdom Halls, Assembly Halls, and Bethel facilities. Thus they join their anointed brothers in caring for the needs of Jehovah’s expanding organization.—Isaiah 61:5. 16, 17. (a) How have the “gates” of God’s organization been kept open? (b) How have “kings” ministered to Zion? (c) What will happen to those who try to close the “gates” that Jehovah wishes left open? 16 Each year as a result of the spiritual building program, hundreds of thousands of “foreigners” begin to associate with Jehovah’s organization, and the way is open for still more. Jehovah says: “Your gates will actually be kept open constantly; they will not be closed even by day or by night, in order to bring to you the resources of the nations, and their kings will be taking the lead.” (Isaiah 60:11) Who, though, are the “kings” taking the lead in bringing the resources of the nations to Zion? In ancient times Jehovah moved the hearts of certain rulers to “minister to” Zion. Cyrus, for example, took the initiative in sending the Jews back to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple. Later, Artaxerxes contributed resources and sent Nehemiah to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. (Ezra 1:2, 3; Nehemiah 2:1-8) Truly “a king’s heart is as streams of water in the hand of Jehovah.” (Proverbs 21:1) Our God can move even powerful rulers to act in harmony with his will. 17 In modern times many “kings,” or secular authorities, have tried to close the “gates” of Jehovah’s organization. However, others have ministered to Zion by making decisions that helped to keep those “gates” open. (Romans 13:4) In 1919, secular authorities released Joseph F. Rutherford and his companions from unjust imprisonment. (Revelation 11:13) Human governments “swallowed up” the flood of persecution unleashed by Satan after his fall from heaven. (Revelation 12:16) Some governments have promoted religious tolerance, sometimes specifically in behalf of Jehovah’s Witnesses. This kind of ministering has made it easier for crowds of meek ones to pass through the open “gates” into Jehovah’s organization. And what of the opposers who try to close those “gates”? They will never succeed. Of them, Jehovah says: “Any nation and any kingdom that will not serve you will perish; and the nations themselves will without fail come to devastation.” (Isaiah 60:12) All who fight against God’s “woman”—be they individuals or organizations—will perish in the coming war of Armageddon at the latest.—Revelation 16:14, 16. 18. (a) What is meant by the promise that trees will flourish in Israel? (b) What is the ‘place of Jehovah’s feet’ today? 18 After this warning of judgment, the prophecy turns back to promises of exaltation and prosperity. Speaking to his “woman,” Jehovah states: “To you the very glory of Lebanon will come, the juniper tree, the ash tree and the cypress at the same time, in order to beautify the place of my sanctuary; and I shall glorify the very place of my feet.” (Isaiah 60:13) Luxuriant trees symbolize beauty and fruitfulness. (Isaiah 41:19; 55:13) The expressions “sanctuary” and “place of my feet” in this verse refer to Jerusalem’s temple. (1 Chronicles 28:2; Psalm 99:5) However, the apostle Paul explained that the temple in Jerusalem was a typical representation foreshadowing a greater spiritual temple, the arrangement for approaching Jehovah in worship on the basis of Christ’s sacrifice. (Hebrews 8:1-5; 9:2-10, 23) Today Jehovah glorifies the ‘place of his feet,’ the earthly courtyards of this great spiritual temple. These become so inviting that they attract people out of all nations to share in true worship there.—Isaiah 2:1-4; Haggai 2:7. 19. What will opposers be forced to acknowledge, and when at the latest will they do this? 19 Now turning his attention back to the opposers, Jehovah says: “To you the sons of those afflicting you must go, bowing down; and all those treating you disrespectfully must bend down at the very soles of your feet, and they will have to call you the city of Jehovah, Zion of the Holy One of Israel.” (Isaiah 60:14) Yes, seeing the bountiful increase and the superior way of life that God’s blessing brings to his people will compel some opposers to bow down and call out to the “woman.” That is, they will be forced to acknowledge—at Armageddon at the latest—that the anointed remnant and their companions truly do represent God’s heavenly organization, “the city of Jehovah, Zion of the Holy One of Israel.” Using Available Resources 20. What great change in circumstances does the “woman” experience? 20 How great a change in circumstances Jehovah’s “woman” experiences! Jehovah says: “Instead of your proving to be one left entirely and hated, with nobody passing through, I will even set you as a thing of pride to time indefinite, an exultation for generation after generation. And you will actually suck the milk of nations, and the breast of kings you will suck; and you will be certain to know that I, Jehovah, am your Savior, and the Powerful One of Jacob is your Repurchaser.”—Isaiah 60:15, 16. 21. (a) How does ancient Jerusalem become “a thing of pride”? (b) What blessings have Jehovah’s anointed servants enjoyed since 1919, and how have they sucked “the milk of nations”? 21 For 70 years ancient Jerusalem is off the map, so to speak, “with nobody passing through.” But starting in 537 B.C.E., Jehovah repopulates the city, making it “a thing of pride.” Similarly, toward the end of the first world war, the Israel of God experienced a period of desolation in which they felt “left entirely.” But in 1919, Jehovah repurchased his anointed servants from captivity, and since then he has blessed them with unprecedented expansion and spiritual prosperity. His people have sucked “the milk of nations,” using resources from the nations for the advancement of true worship. For example, wise use of modern technology has made possible the translation and publication of Bibles and Bible literature in hundreds of languages. As a result, hundreds of thousands each year study the Bible with Jehovah’s Witnesses and come to know that Jehovah, through Christ, is their Savior and Repurchaser.—Acts 5:31; 1 John 4:14. Organizational Progress 22. What special kind of progress does Jehovah promise? 22 The growth in the number of Jehovah’s people is accompanied by organizational progress. Jehovah states: “Instead of the copper I shall bring in gold, and instead of the iron I shall bring in silver, and instead of the wood, copper, and instead of the stones, iron; and I will appoint peace as your overseers and righteousness as your task assigners.” (Isaiah 60:17) Replacing copper with gold is an improvement, and the same is true of the other materials here mentioned. In harmony with this, Jehovah’s people have been experiencing improved organizational arrangements throughout the last days. 23, 24. What improved organizational arrangements have Jehovah’s people been experiencing since 1919? 23 By 1919, congregations had elders and deacons who were elected in a democratic way. Starting in that year, a service director was theocratically appointed to supervise field service activities in the congregation, but there were cases where some elected elders resisted the service director. In 1932, things changed. Through the Watchtower magazine, congregations were instructed to discontinue the electing of elders and deacons. Rather, they would elect a service committee to work along with the service director. That was a great improvement. 24 In 1938, more “gold” was brought in when it was established that all servants in the congregation were to be theocratically appointed. Congregation administration came to be in the hands of a company servant (later, congregation servant) and the various servants who assisted him, all appointed under the oversight of “the faithful and discreet slave.”c (Matthew 24:45-47) In 1972, however, it was seen that the Scriptural method of overseeing a congregation is through a body of elders rather than through one man. (Philippians 1:1) Other changes were made at both the congregation level and the Governing Body level. An example of the latter was seen on October 7, 2000, when it was announced that members of the Governing Body who were serving as directors of the Watch Tower Society of Pennsylvania and affiliated corporations had voluntarily stepped aside. In this way, the Governing Body, representing the faithful and discreet slave, is able to give more attention to caring for the spiritual oversight of “the congregation of God” and its associates, the other sheep. (Acts 20:28) All such arrangements have been improvements. They have strengthened Jehovah’s organization and blessed his worshipers. 25. Who has been behind the organizational progress of Jehovah’s people, and what benefits have been reaped? 25 Who has been behind these improvements? Are they due to the organizational ability or the ingenious thinking of some humans? No, for Jehovah stated: “I shall bring in gold.” All this progress is the result of divine guidance. As Jehovah’s people submit to his guidance and make adjustments, they reap benefits. Peace prevails among them, and the love of righteousness impels them to serve him. 26. What mark identifying true Christians do even opposers notice? 26 God-given peace has a transforming effect. Jehovah promises: “No more will violence be heard in your land, despoiling or breakdown within your boundaries. And you will certainly call your own walls Salvation and your gates Praise.” (Isaiah 60:18) How true! Even opposers admit that peacefulness is an outstanding mark of true Christians. (Micah 4:3) This peace with God and among Jehovah’s Witnesses themselves makes each Christian meeting place a refreshing oasis in a violent world. (1 Peter 2:17) It is a foretaste of the abundance of peace that will exist when all earth’s inhabitants will be “persons taught by Jehovah.”—Isaiah 11:9; 54:13. The Glorious Light of Divine Approval 27. What constant light shines upon Jehovah’s “woman”? 27 The intensity of the light that shines upon Jerusalem is described by Jehovah when he states: “For you the sun will no more prove to be a light by day, and for brightness the moon itself will no more give you light. And Jehovah must become to you an indefinitely lasting light, and your God your beauty. No more will your sun set, nor will your moon go on the wane; for Jehovah himself will become for you an indefinitely lasting light, and the days of your mourning will have come to completion.” (Isaiah 60:19, 20) Jehovah will continue to be “an indefinitely lasting light” for his “woman.” He will never “set” like the sun or “wane” like the moon.d His constant light of approval shines upon anointed Christians, the human representatives of God’s “woman.” They, along with the great crowd, enjoy such a blaze of spiritual light that no darkness on the world’s political or economic scene can diminish it. And they have confidence in the bright future that Jehovah has set before them.—Romans 2:7; Revelation 21:3-5. 28. (a) What is promised regarding the returning inhabitants of Jerusalem? (b) What did anointed Christians take possession of in 1919? (c) For how long will the righteous possess the land? 28 Regarding Jerusalem’s inhabitants Jehovah goes on to say: “As for your people, all of them will be righteous; to time indefinite they will hold possession of the land, the sprout of my planting, the work of my hands, for me to be beautified.” (Isaiah 60:21) When natural Israel returned from Babylon, they took “possession of the land.” But in that case, “to time indefinite” turned out to be until the first century C.E. when the armies of Rome destroyed Jerusalem and the Jewish state. In 1919 the remnant of anointed Christians came out of spiritual captivity and took possession of a spiritual land. (Isaiah 66:8) This land, or realm of activity, is marked by a paradisaic spiritual prosperity that will not fade. Unlike ancient Israel, spiritual Israel as a body will not prove unfaithful. Moreover, Isaiah’s prophecy will also have a material fulfillment when the earth becomes a literal paradise characterized by an “abundance of peace.” Then the righteous with an earthly hope will possess the land forever.—Psalm 37:11, 29. 29, 30. How has “the little one” become “a thousand”? 29 At the conclusion of Isaiah chapter 60 can be found a solemn promise, which Jehovah guarantees by his own name. He states: “The little one himself will become a thousand, and the small one a mighty nation. I myself, Jehovah, shall speed it up in its own time.” (Isaiah 60:22) When the dispersed anointed ones were restored to activity in 1919, they were “the little one.”e But their number multiplied as the remaining spiritual Israelites were brought in. And the increase became phenomenal as the gathering of the great crowd got under way. 30 Before long, the peace and righteousness existing among God’s people attracted so many honesthearted ones that “the small one” literally grew into “a mighty nation.” At present it is more populous than a considerable number of the world’s sovereign states. Clearly, Jehovah, through Jesus Christ, has directed the Kingdom work and has sped it up. What a thrill it is to see the worldwide expansion of true worship and to have a part in it! Yes, it is a joy to realize that this increase brings glory to Jehovah, who prophesied these things so long ago. [Footnotes] a Tarshish was likely located in what is now known as Spain. However, according to some reference works, the expression “ships of Tarshish” refers to the type of ships—“high-masted ocean-going vessels”—that were “fit to ply to Tarshish,” in other words, ships considered suitable for making long voyages to faraway ports.—1 Kings 22:48. b While there were active, zealous Christians with an earthly hope associated with the Israel of God before 1930, their numbers started increasing noticeably in the 1930’s. c In those days, local congregations were called companies. d The apostle John uses similar language in describing “new Jerusalem,” the 144,000 in their heavenly glory. (Revelation 3:12; 21:10, 22-26) This is fitting, for “new Jerusalem” represents all members of the Israel of God after they receive their heavenly reward, becoming with Jesus Christ the capital part of God’s “woman,” “the Jerusalem above.”—Galatians 4:26. e In 1918 the average number who shared in preaching the word each month was fewer than 4,000. [Picture on page 305] The “woman” is commanded to “arise” [Picture on page 312, 313] “The ships of Tarshish” carry their cargo of Jehovah’s worshipers
The Impressive World of the Incas	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101980008	The Impressive World of the Incas LEAVING the city of Lima, our plane rapidly gained height in the direction of the Andes mountains. Soon we landed at Cuzco, the heart of the ancient world of the Incas! The Inca Empire grew quickly from a tiny spot to an area the size of Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, France, Switzerland and Italy combined. Then, faster than its spectacular rise came a sudden fall at the hands of but a few Spanish adventurers. Who were the Incas? What kind of life did they lead? What brought about their fall and disappearance? Dawn of an Empire Our Peruvian guide explained that the first Inca, Manco Capac, is said to have founded the city of Cuzco on a spot indicated by the sun-god. Historically, however, Inca history begins about 1200 C.E. At the time, the Incas were nothing but lords of Cuzco and one of the numerous Andean tribes. More specifically, “Inca” was the emperor’s input. In modern usage the people of the empire are understood by the term Incas as well, although they probably called themselves capac-cuna, that is, “glorious ones.” The Inca war machine started slowly. In time, they met head on with the powerful Chanca tribe. But the Chancas were by no means willing to surrender. In fact, they made a surprise attack on Cuzco and invaded the city. Viracocha Inca escaped. But his son, Pachacutec, stood his ground. He organized the defense and routed the Chancas. Now the stage was set for the rise of Tahuantinsuyu (“the Four Quarters of the World”), the Inca Empire. After his father’s death, Pachacutec (meaning “earth shaker”) was made Inca in 1438. Under him and the son who succeeded him the borders of the empire were pushed out until they embraced some 380,000 square miles (984,195 km2), largely in what is now known as Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Chile. Most of this expansion was accomplished in the space of a mere 30 years, between 1463 and 1493, and in some of the most rugged terrain on earth. A Welfare State Pachacutec excelled not only as a warrior but also as a civic planner and administrator. Commenting on the civic organization, our guide caused astonishment as he described the Inca Empire as a welfare state. No one went hungry, he explained, but on the other hand, no laziness was tolerated. Every person belonged to an ayllu, a clan of families living in their assigned area. They shared land, crops and animals. The land was owned by the ayllu and was simply on loan to its members. Every year in the fall the land was reapportioned. According to the size of the family the land was either increased or decreased. The mainstay of their culture was agriculture. The people had to plant for all: for the state, for the priesthood and for themselves. The crops from state lands were stored for use by the nobility, public servants and the army, as well as the people in times of crop failure. As for taxes, these were exacted in the form of service on public works. Additionally, every able-bodied tax-paying Indian male was subject to do military service at any time. What else was expected of the people? A notable Inca requirement was that every man should marry at the age of 20. And if he hesitated, the chieftain would select a wife for him. While we pondered this form of regimentation, the guide touched on another aspect of it. Every 10 tax-paying workers were directed by a conka-kamayoc. Ten such groupings had a foreman over them. Ten foremen came under the jurisdiction of a superior, such as a village headman. A district governor was over 10,000 people. Ten districts fell under an apo, a governor of a quarter. The state itself had four quarters, divided naturally by the four roads that went out from Cuzco, the capital. The entire setup required 1,331 officials for every 10,000 people and provided control down to the last man in the state. The “Divine” Inca At the heart of Inca civilization was the emperor himself, who enjoyed maximum privileges as a “descendant of the Sun.” Usually a council of advisers chose as successor the most capable of the legitimate sons of the Inca’s coya, or principal wife. Although he had a harem of concubines, the coya was his real wife, and in most cases also his own sister. The Inca was political ruler, head of the state religion and “divine” to the people. His rule was absolute and shrewd. How so? The Inca’s many descendants occupied positions of trust as key administrators. For example, the governors of the four quarters were all blood relatives. And the Inca at the time of the Spanish conquest, Huayna Capac, is said to have had 500 male descendants. Newly conquered populations were absorbed into the mainstream system of work service. However, suspicious sections of the subdued population were transplanted and loyal Quechua-speaking people called mitakona took their place and introduced Inca culture. The Inca organization and integration was so well thought out that down to this very day it is in evidence. Some five million still speak Quechua, including the man who was acting as our guide. He compared the modern comunidades to the old ayllus. Agricultural practices, the character of the people, their music, all reflect the old Inca way of life. Efficient Communication System How was it possible to hold the vast empire together? Our guide pointed to the amazing network of roads and bridges and a courier system. Mountain terrain making impractical the use of the wheel, the Incas never used it. So all roads were built for walking and llama transport. The 24-foot (7-m)-wide coastal road from Tumbes in the north to Purumuaca in Chile was 2,520 miles (4,056 km) long. The narrower Andean road was 3,250 miles (5,230 km) long, with 100 or more bridges. Consider the efficiency of these highways. There was a system of distance markers every four and a half miles (7.2 km), and every 12 to 18 miles (19 to 29 km) there were rest stations. Additional smaller stations served the couriers or relay runners. Each runner, dressed in a distinctive checkered tunic, covered a mile and a half (2.4 km). In this way they could get a message over a 1,250-mile (2,012-km) stretch in five days! Art and Architecture In a local museum we discovered that Inca art was on the austere side. Their highly developed technique of weaving vicuña wool produced exquisite quality, but lacked imagination. However, they excelled in the goldsmith trade. So highly prized was their art that goldsmiths and silversmiths lived in a separate district and were exempt from paying taxes. The Spaniards were thrilled with what they saw. According to the way our guide described Cuzco, there was gold everywhere. On some of the buildings, there was gold plate. Strands of gold were woven into grass-thatched temple roofs. The Temple of the Sun and its enclosure were replete with golden objects everywhere. But whatever other contribution the Incas made to culture, it paled beside their architecture and city planning. Their work with monumental rock masses remains unmatched in the Western world. The size and number of buildings are stupendous. Sacsahuaman, the fortress for the protection of Cuzco, is claimed to be one of man’s greatest engineering feats. This structure is 1,800 feet (549 m) long. Three massive rows of stone walls, one above the other, reach up to a height of 60 feet (18 m). Some of the gigantic foundation stones weigh between 100 and 150 tons! The entire fortress is made up of some 300,000 stones. Eagerly, we tested to see if we could insert a blade of a penknife between the rocks, but no! What system of polishing did they use to accomplish this? No one knows. What is more, these stones are locked in such a superb way that they have survived scores of earthquakes. And no one has been able to pry them out for other construction purposes! Gods and Sacred Objects What about the Inca concept of life and religion? State and religion went hand in hand. The Incas believed in the existence of a creator, Viracocha. At his side was said to be an army of lesser gods. Inti, the sun-god, was foremost. In fact, the sun-god became the symbol of Inca culture, and the worship of the sun the state religion. There was a large priesthood as well as many temples. In regular, pompous ceremonies, the priests made divinations and offered sacrifices. But the people in general had their own brand of religion, less sophisticated, connected with sacred places and objects, which they called huaca. Anything could be huaca—for example, a temple, a mountain, a river, animals, stones, mummies of ancestors, stars. Agriculture was holy and everything related to it became huaca. The sun was the greatest of holy objects. The people lived to remain in the huacas’ good graces. End of Inca Rule At the height of Inca splendor and power, Huayna Capac died in 1527. Five years of civil war followed because of a struggle for power. But two weeks after Atahualpa’s victory over his half-brother Huascar, the Spaniard Pizarro arrived on the scene. He had set out from Tumbes in the direction of Cajamarca with a mere 180 men, 67 of whom were knights on horseback. Atahualpa knew of their approach. Was he curious? Was he overconfident? Or did he believe some superstition about those bearded white foreigners? No one knows. One thing is sure, if he had felt them to be a threat, he could have wiped them out as they climbed through the hundreds of narrow mountain passages. But Atahualpa sat and waited. Eventually the Spaniards arrived and occupied vacated Cajamarca. Now, to crown his audacity, Pizarro invited Atahualpa to visit him in the city—but unarmed! Would Atahualpa accept? The setting of an ambush was nothing new to Inca military strategy. Nevertheless, on the evening of November 16, 1532, Atahualpa marched into the square of Cajamarca. He came in full regal dress, with attendants, but all unarmed. Had he reason to trust the strangers? Or was it a gesture of saving face, not wanting to appear a coward? We do not know. A Roman Catholic priest came forward to greet the Inca. Author Hammond Innes describes what happened next: “It seems likely that the friar did hand Atahualpa the Bible, as the authority upon which the Christian faith was based, and that the Inca did throw it to the ground. However difficult he may have found it to follow the Dominican’s theological argument, he can have been under no illusion as to the intention: this miserable stranger, with his tonsured head and his cross, was urging him to renounce his own divinity in favour of a god who had been stupidly killed by his own people, and at the same time to acknowledge, in the Emperor Charles, a king greater than himself. He was to forfeit, in other words, all that he had just fought so hard to attain. His anger at this effrontery was immediate, his rejection of the Book inevitable. The proud gesture as he pointed to the sun, and the words, ‘My God still lives’, are probably correctly reported.” All of a sudden, there was a cannon shot and then the Spanish cavalry attacked, rushing out of the small entranceways around the square. In 30 minutes the Indians were overwhelmed and 6,000 were killed. The only Spaniard wounded was Pizarro, by a sword cut while defending Atahualpa, whom he wanted alive. Atahualpa was a prisoner! Atahualpa was promised his life if he filled, as he had offered to do, the large room that served as his prison, once with gold and twice with silver. Objects came in from every corner of the realm. But the Spaniards were not satisfied. Their gold lust demanded more. Eventually, they amassed an incredible hoard. But Atahualpa was alive, and he was not being released. Not that his side of the bargain had not been kept, but he was in their way. So among other things, they accused him of masterminding an uprising. More than that, they accused him of “crimes against the Spanish state” in his own country! He was tried and “found guilty.” Pleading for a form of execution other than burning, which was against the Inca’s religious belief of afterlife, he was garroted or strangled, but only after he had agreed to be baptized as a Roman Catholic. It was August 29, 1533. The Inca people put up little resistance to the Spanish advance over the great highway to Cuzco. The capital fell on November 15, 1533. It spelled the end of Inca rule. Neither the installation of a puppet Inca nor quarrels between the Spanish conquistadores, Inca revolts or the murder of Pizarro restored Inca power. A Neo-Inca state was short-lived, lasting only 36 years. To all intents and purposes, Tupac Amaru was the very last of the Incas. He was beheaded in the square of Cuzco. With him, the Inca clock of history finally stopped. Toward Today and the Future The Spaniards admired Inca administration, and many institutions were retained or adapted. But as a people, the Indians never really accepted the Spanish ways. They keep alive many of the old customs, mixing these with Roman Catholic ceremonies. The mountaintop city of Machu Picchu illustrates the Spanish failure to quash the Inca spirit. As late as 1911, American explorer Hiram Bingham discovered it. Between two Andes peaks, 8,000 feet (2,440 m) high and 2,000 feet (610 m) above the Urubamba River, it was never found by the Spanish invaders. Was it built as a military garrison? Or was it a secret refuge for the Virgins of the Sun? The puzzle has never been solved. However sad the end of the Incas as a people, today there are descendants of these people in Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Ecuador. Jehovah’s Witnesses have been preaching the good news of God’s kingdom among these people. In and around the “sacred valley” of the Incas, the Urubamba Valley, the Indians have willingly accepted Bible literature. In Cuzco, there are three happy Christian congregations. Some of their number claim descendancy from the Incas. Also, in Bolivia, around Lake Titicaca, there are a number of Christian congregations. These are composed mostly of Aymara Indians, but many Quechua Indians in Bolivia have likewise embraced true Christianity. Whether they can individually trace their ancestry to the Incas or not, they are looking forward to the time when, in the very near future, God’s kingdom will unite persons of all tribes and tongues. Even those long dead will return, to an opportunity for eternal life on earth. (Acts 24:15) Will representatives of the ancient world of the Incas be among that happy throng? There is no doubt about it.—Contributed. [Box on page 24] “All human beings have a common ancestry,” says “The World Book Encyclopedia.” “But many groups of people have lived apart for long periods of time and have come to differ from one another in various ways.” That variety can add much to a person’s enjoyment of life.
Young People Ask, Volume 2 (yp2) 2008	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/yp2	CHAPTER 17 What Should I Know About School Friendships? “Sometimes I’d see a group of kids and think, ‘Wow, they’re really good friends. I want to be part of that.’”—Joe. “I didn’t have a problem making friends at school. It was easy. That was my problem.”—Maria. EVERYONE needs friends—people they can relax with during the good times and rely on during the bad. Jesus had friends, and he enjoyed socializing with them. (John 15:15) Then, when he faced death on a torture stake, Jesus’ close friend John, “the disciple whom he loved,” was nearby. (John 19:25-27; 21:20) You need friends like that—people who will stick with you through thick and thin! Perhaps you feel that you’ve found friends like that at school—one or two of your classmates with whom you’ve hit it off well. You share some similar interests and enjoy talking together. To you they may not seem to fit the category of ‘bad association.’ (1 Corinthians 15:33) “You see these kids almost every day,” says Anne. “So you feel comfortable around them. It’s not like being around your spiritual brothers and sisters, where at times you feel you need to be more careful how you act. At school you can relax.” In addition, you may find yourself viewing things the way Lois did, who says, “I wanted my school friends to see that Jehovah’s Witnesses are not as different as everyone thinks, to show them we’re normal.” Are those sound reasons to become close friends with your schoolmates? Why the Need for Caution? Consider what happened to Maria, quoted at the outset. Her outgoing nature made it easy for her to attract friends but difficult for her to know where to draw the line. “I liked being liked, by both girls and boys,” she admits. “As a result, I found myself sliding deeper and deeper into the quicksand of this world.” Lois experienced something similar. “The attitudes of the other kids rubbed off on me,” she says. “I began acting like them.” That outcome isn’t surprising. After all, to remain close friends with someone, you need to share that one’s interests and values. If you forge close friendships with people who don’t adhere to your Scriptural beliefs and standards, such association is bound to affect your conduct. (Proverbs 13:20) For good reason, the apostle Paul wrote: “Do not become unevenly yoked with unbelievers.”—2 Corinthians 6:14. What You Can Do Does Paul’s counsel mean that you should shun your classmates and remain aloof? No! To fulfill their commission to “make disciples of people of all the nations,” Christians need to know how to relate to men and women of all races, religions, and cultures.—Matthew 28:19. The apostle Paul set an excellent example in this regard. He knew how to converse with “people of all sorts,” even though he did not share their beliefs. (1 Corinthians 9:22, 23) You can follow Paul’s example. Be cordial with your peers. Learn to communicate well with them. However, resist the urge to let your speech and conduct conform to that of your classmates. Instead, as soon as possible, respectfully explain to them why you choose to live by Bible standards.—2 Timothy 2:25. True, you will stand out as different, and this isn’t an easy thing to do. (John 15:19) But why not look at the matter this way? If you were in a lifeboat surrounded by people stranded in the water, how could you really help them—by abandoning the boat and jumping in with them? Certainly not! Similarly, at school you’re surrounded by people who lack the protection that comes from being one of Jehovah’s friends. (Psalm 121:2-8) If you were to abandon Jehovah’s standards just to be close to your classmates, you would only endanger your own spiritual health and happiness. (Ephesians 4:14, 15; James 4:4) How much better it would be if you tried to help your classmates join you in the lifeboat, so to speak, by showing them how to serve Jehovah. Really, in what better way could you prove to be a true friend? KEY SCRIPTURE “I do all things for the sake of the good news, that I may become a sharer of it with others.”—1 Corinthians 9:23. TIP If some of your classmates are open to learning about your beliefs, allow them to express their views too. Genuinely listen. When you speak, do so “with a mild temper and deep respect.”—1 Peter 3:15. DID YOU KNOW . . . ? Many who are serving God today learned about the Bible from a classmate who had the courage to speak up about his or her faith. ACTION PLAN! If I feel that my relationship with a classmate has become too close, I will ․․․․․ If a schoolmate ridicules my beliefs, I will deal with the situation by ․․․․․ What I would like to ask my parent(s) about this subject is ․․․․․ WHAT DO YOU THINK? ● Why do you think it might seem easier to make friends at school than in the Christian congregation? ● What dangers are there in spending leisure time with an unbelieving classmate after school hours? ● What benefits come from letting your classmates know that you’re one of Jehovah’s Witnesses? [Blurb on page 143] “I used to act just like the other kids at school, so it was easy to make friends there. But I learned from my mistakes. Now I have friends inside the congregation—friends I can trust.”—Daniel [Picture on page 146] How can you best help a drowning person—by jumping into the water or by providing a life preserver?
1 \| Prayer—“Throw All Your Anxiety on Him”	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2023005	1 \| Prayer—“Throw All Your Anxiety on Him” THE BIBLE SAYS: “Throw all your anxiety on [God], because he cares for you.”—1 PETER 5:7. What That Means Jehovah God invites us to talk to him about any burden that weighs on our mind and heart. (Psalm 55:22) No problem is too big or too small to pray about. If it matters to us, it matters to Jehovah. Praying to him is an important step toward gaining peace of mind.—Philippians 4:6, 7. How This Can Help When we struggle with our mental health, we may feel completely alone. Other people do not always understand fully what we are going through. (Proverbs 14:10) But when we sincerely tell God in prayer how we feel, we will find a sympathetic and understanding listener. Jehovah sees us, he knows our pain and struggles, and he wants us to pray to him about anything that concerns us.—2 Chronicles 6:29, 30. Talking to Jehovah in prayer reinforces our confidence that he cares for us. We can feel as did the psalmist who prayed: “You have seen my affliction; you are aware of my deep distress.” (Psalm 31:7) Just knowing that Jehovah is sensitive to what we are dealing with can do much to help us keep going through difficult times. But he does more than just notice our distress. Better than anyone else, he understands what we are going through and helps us find comfort and encouragement in the Bible. How the Bible Is Helping Julian How Anxiety Affects Me “I struggle with anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Anxiety affects me at seemingly random times. One moment I am fine, and the next I feel extremely anxious for no apparent reason. I especially become anxious when I am around other people. I am intensely concerned with what they think of me. “Those who know of my struggles are very supportive. I have to admit that sometimes what they say is not what I was hoping to hear. But I appreciate their well-meaning efforts. “At times, my anxiety and OCD make it a challenge to pray. It takes a lot of mental effort for me to concentrate and talk to Jehovah in prayer. My thoughts move very fast—too fast for me to keep up with most of the time. When I get stuck in my own head, it is hard to put my thoughts and feelings into words.” How the Bible Helps Me “I have learned from studying the Bible that prayers do not need to be lengthy or eloquent to be acceptable to God. Sometimes when I cannot put my feelings into words, I simply pray: ‘Jehovah, please help me.’ Even then, I sense that Jehovah understands me and responds to what I need at the moment. In addition to prayer, I have sought medical therapy. I am happy to say that thanks to both of these sources of help, my condition is much improved. It is absolutely worth the effort to reach out to my heavenly Father and experience his loving support.” Help for Youths On the jw.org website, learn why you can be confident that Jehovah hears and answers your prayers. See the video Become Jehovah’s Friend—Pray Anytime.
When Dreams of Peace Were Shattered	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101992013	When Dreams of Peace Were Shattered VERY few people expected 1914 to be anything other than an ordinary year. The future, in fact, looked uncommonly bright to people in the preceding years. Science was on the advance against disease. And war? Well, as the Vatican newspaper L’Osservatore Romano said in February 1991, before 1914 the public “believed that war had been relegated to the furthest recesses of historical memory” and that man was at last living in “an era in which war had been banned by enlightened peoples and governments.” However, 1914 and the ensuing years had some cruel surprises in store for a complacent humanity. The first was the so-called Great War of 1914-18 that shattered the dreams of peace. In fact, L’Osservatore Romano called it “the first great carnage of modern history, marked, among other things, by technical discoveries that great scientists of former generations had believed to be devoted to peaceful aims.” The war made a mockery of science as a means to achieve peace; instead, science gave the war its unprecedented capacity for wholesale slaughter. And when the carnage of war was over, another slaughter began. The Spanish influenza of 1918-19 killed over 20 million people—far more than the awesome death toll of the Great War itself. Desperate measures were taken; spreading the disease was declared a crime in some countries. Police even arrested people for sneezing in public! But to no avail. Like a hurricane, the disease swept along unhindered until it had spent itself. Entire towns were wiped out. Bodies were stacked up in city morgues. The era of change ushered in by 1914 left man reeling. His delusions of victory over war and disease, his dreams of a world peace wrought by human wisdom, were left in pitiful tatters. And as things continued to worsen, as the Great War was demoted to World War I by its mammoth successor, World War II, as disease, poverty, famine, and lawlessness continued to erupt in epidemic proportions around the world, historians began to recognize 1914 as a great turning point in human history. But unlike the world at large, the International Bible Students (as Jehovah’s Witnesses were then known) expected 1914 to be a pivotal year long before it arrived. And in the years since then, Jehovah’s Witnesses have not been surprised to see the world deteriorate into the hopeless morass it has become today. Bible prophecies have helped them to expect these developments and even to see a glorious time of hope beyond. How is that possible? The next time Jehovah’s Witnesses visit you, you may want to ask them about it. Or you can write to the publishers of this magazine. [Picture Credit Line on page 32] Redrawn from artwork of Franklin Booth
Good News (gh) 1976	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/gh	Chapter 4 A Practical Guide to True Happiness 1. (a) What kind of guide should we appreciate today? (b) Why is the Bible recommended as a guide? ON A dark night, we are glad to have bright streetlights to show us our path. These can also help us to feel safe. Now, in the darkest time of the world’s history, surely we appreciate helpful guidance to light the way for ourselves and our families. And if we can have a guide that leads us to a gloriously happy future, we would indeed want to know about that guide! A wise man once addressed himself to God, saying: “Your word is a lamp to my foot, and a light to my roadway.” (Psalm 119:105) God’s “word” is contained in the Bible. It is believed that you will find the Bible to be a wholesome, down-to-earth guide and help toward living a happy, meaningful life. A BOOK THAT SOLVES PROBLEMS 2. What did a Hindu leader say about the practical value of the Sermon on the Mount? 2 The Bible can be of tremendous practical value to us. Many thinking persons have acknowledged this fact. As an example, there is the following report in Treasury of the Christian Faith by S. J. Corey concerning a conversation between the Hindu leader Mahatma Gandhi and the former British Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin: “Lord Irwin paid a visit to the Mahatma in his ashram. During the conversation Lord Irwin put this question to his host: ‘Mahatma, as man to man, tell me what you consider to be the solution to the problems of your country and mine.’ Taking up a little book from the nearby lampstand, Gandhi opened it to the fifth chapter of Matthew and replied, ‘When your country and mine shall get together on the teachings laid down by Christ in this Sermon on the Mount, we shall have solved the problems not only of our countries but those of the whole world.’ That from a Hindu!” 3. How may those who mourn become happy? (Isaiah 61:1, 2) 3 As an example of practical Bible teaching, let us consider part of this famous Sermon. It opens by showing the source of true happiness: “Happy are those conscious of their spiritual need, since the kingdom of the heavens belongs to them. “Happy are those who mourn, since they will be comforted.” (Matthew 5:3, 4) In these perplexing times, many persons feel the need for food for the mind, to satisfy them spiritually. Many people mourn, feeling hurt at heart over the bad conditions in the world. Are you one of these? If so, you will become happy if you exert yourself to find out the reason for these critical days and what the hope for the future is. As you learn of that hope, your mourning will indeed turn to comfort. 4. What kind of persons may enjoy God’s blessing now, and in the future? (Psalm 24:4, 5) 4 Jesus’ Sermon continues with these words: “Happy are the mild-tempered ones, since they will inherit the earth. “Happy are those hungering and thirsting for righteousness, since they will be filled. “Happy are the merciful, since they will be shown mercy. “Happy are the pure in heart, since they will see God. “Happy are the peaceable, since they will be called ‘sons of God.’” (Matthew 5:5-9) In a world where there is so much violence, what a blessing it is to have mild-tempered persons around us! And when the entire earth is filled with such people, as the Bible assures us it will be, mankind will be truly happy. Do you not desire to see all the dishonesty, injustice and wickedness of today removed from the earth? Surely you do! You can be happy now, in pursuing righteousness as your way of life, and that happiness will overflow as you live to see God restore righteousness throughout the universe. Even in this difficult age, the merciful, the pure in heart and the peaceable can live a satisfying life, with God’s blessing. But this is only a foretaste of the happiness that will soon abound earth wide. HAPPY IN TIMES OF TRIAL 5. If someone opposed your studying the Bible, what would you do about it? (2 Peter 3:3, 13) 5 By examining the “good news” you can be helped to have a bright, positive outlook, with real hope for the future. But some persons may oppose or mock you because of your learning the Bible. Is this a reason to stop your study of the Bible? No, for this would mean abandoning the only guide to happiness in these troublesome times. Jesus goes on to say in his Sermon: “Happy are those who have been persecuted for righteousness’ sake, since the kingdom of the heavens belongs to them. “Happy are you when people reproach you and persecute you and lyingly say every sort of wicked thing against you for my sake. Rejoice and leap for joy, since your reward is great in the heavens; for in that way they persecuted the prophets prior to you.” (Matthew 5:10-12) You will be happy because of having resisted such opposers, for you will progress toward living a purposeful, fruitful life, and toward an everlasting reward from God. 6. What kind of Bible study is recommended? (Deuteronomy 11:18, 19) 6 On the other hand, many who start to study the Bible find that others in their family, or among their friends, become interested in joining them. Why not suggest this to them yourself? It is a fine thing when a family shares together in Bible discussions. This can contribute greatly toward building a happy family. 7. Illustrate how study of the Bible can solve even serious family problems. 7 At times, the Bible has helped families in solving very serious problems, as the following report shows: A man in the Philippines was a heavy drinker and gambler, smoked forty cigarettes a day and was developing a cancerous throat. Though he had nine children, his family rarely saw him. He spent most of his time and money in places of ill repute, though he was a nominal Christian. The family started to fall apart. But he was impressed by the humility and friendliness of Jehovah’s Witnesses when they called. First some of his children, and then the entire family, started to study the Bible. This man had to make strenuous efforts to rid himself of his unclean habits, but now he and seven other members of his family have dedicated their lives to God, while the entire family continues its Bible studies. Due to his giving up tobacco, his throat problem has cleared up. He is now a devoted family man. His relatives were amazed at his transformation, and many of them also became interested in Bible study. If your family has a problem, it may not be as serious as this man’s. However, the Bible can be a marvelous influence for unity in your family, too. TRUE NEIGHBOR LOVE 8. How does the Bible warn against wrong desire? (1 John 2:15-17) 8 Let us examine some other teachings of the Sermon on the Mount, in which Jesus probes to the root causes of the problems that afflict mankind. For example, in referring back to the Ten Commandments, he tells us: “You heard that it was said, ‘You must not commit adultery.’ But I say to you that everyone that keeps on looking at a woman so as to have a passion for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.” (Matthew 5:27, 28) So it is wrong desire that we must watch. If we cultivate such desire in our hearts, it will lead us on toward wrongdoing. How important, then, that we cultivate right desires, letting our minds and hearts dwell upon wholesome, upbuilding matters! 9. By following what example could mankind’s problems be solved? (Luke 6:35) 9 In Jesus’ day, there were those who taught, “You must love your neighbor and hate your enemy.” But Jesus states it differently: “However, I say to you: Continue to love your enemies and to pray for those persecuting you; that you may prove yourselves sons of your Father who is in the heavens, since he makes his sun rise upon wicked people and good and makes it rain upon righteous people and unrighteous.” (Matthew 5:43-45) How unselfish—to seek even good things for our enemies! But note that this is in imitation of our heavenly Father and Creator, who provides bountifully for all who live on earth—even for wicked persons. If all mankind were to show such loving consideration for others, the problems of the whole world could indeed be solved! 10. Why should we not be anxious about daily needs? (Luke 12:15) 10 Farther on, the Sermon says: “On this account I say to you: Stop being anxious about your souls as to what you will eat or what you will drink, or about your bodies as to what you will wear. Does not the soul mean more than food and the body than clothing? Observe intently the birds of heaven, because they do not sow seed or reap or gather into storehouses; still your heavenly Father feeds them. . . . Take a lesson from the lilies of the field, how they are growing; they do not toil, nor do they spin; but I say to you that not even [King] Solomon in all his glory was arrayed as one of these. If, now, God thus clothes the vegetation of the field, . . . will he not much rather clothe you . . .? So never be anxious and say, ‘What are we to eat?’ or, ‘What are we to drink?’ or, ‘What are we to put on?’ For all these are the things the nations are eagerly pursuing. For your heavenly Father knows you need all these things.”—Matthew 6:25-32. 11. (a) What do “the nations” pursue, and with what result? (Matthew 6:19-21) (b) What is the way to true happiness? (Luke 11:28) 11 Here Jesus speaks of the normal concern we all have for food, clothing and shelter. We need these things to make us happy. However, “the nations” of mankind around us are often pursuing, not the needs, but the desires of man. In emphasizing selfish desire and pride in what men possess, this greedy world contributes to mankind’s unhappiness. Material possessions may bring some temporary enjoyment, but the way to true and lasting happiness is to “keep on . . . seeking first the kingdom [of God] and his righteousness.” (Matthew 6:33) Does your own love of righteousness impel you to do this? It should. The Sermon on the Mount gives fine encouragement to this end. TRUE GUIDANCE IN CRITICAL TIMES 12. (a) What foretold conditions do we see around us today? (b) But where can we find sound guidance? (2 Peter 1:19) 12 It is especially important to seek righteousness in these times in which we now live. When we look at the world around us, we observe how well it fits the following description by the apostle Paul: “In the last days critical times hard to deal with will be here. For men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, self-assuming, haughty, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, disloyal, having no natural affection, not open to any agreement, slanderers, without self-control, fierce, without love of goodness, betrayers, headstrong, puffed up with pride, lovers of pleasures rather than lovers of God, having a form of godly devotion but proving false to its power; and from these turn away.” (2 Timothy 3:1-5) Paul says that these conditions will be here in the “last days.” And today, how obvious it is that human society is facing a day of reckoning! It goes rapidly from bad to worse. So where really may we look for guidance? Paul answers by calling attention to “the holy writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation,” and adds: “All Scripture is inspired of God and beneficial.” (2 Timothy 3:15, 16) Our Creator, God, prepared “all Scripture” and preserved it for our benefit and encouragement in these “last days.” [Picture on page 31] Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount sets forth teachings capable of ‘solving the problems of the whole world’ [Picture on page 34] Bible study helped to solve problems for this Filipino family; it can help you too [Picture on page 36] Happiness comes when we imitate the loving God, who lets his sun shine on people of all kinds [Picture on page 38] In these critical “last days,” we need the Bible’s guidance to survive
World Government (go) 1977	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/go	Chapter 6 God’s Chief Agent in the World Government 1. How was 1914 C.E. a blessed as well as a cursed year? IT WAS a cursed year, it was a blessed year, that year of 1914 C.E. “Cursed,” in that then World War I broke out, ushering in an Age of Violence that has steadily grown worse down till our very day. “Blessed,” in that, unseen to human eyes, up in the holy heavens, a mighty government was brought forth by the Creator of heaven and earth to work for man’s lasting peace. 2. For what does God’s Chief Agent for world government wait? 2 As announced for decades in advance by God’s “ambassadors” to all nations, the “times of the Gentiles” for world domination by Gentile world powers without interference from God’s kingdom ended. (2 Corinthians 5:20; Ephesians 6:20) The Gentile nations refused to recognize that fact and raged in world war for maintaining political world domination. Yet, right on time, in 1914 C.E., at the close of those “seven times” (2,520 years) of Gentile world domination, God brought forth his heavenly government, shortly to put a total end to those warmongering Gentile nations that are now mere squatters on God’s “footstool,” the earth. (Daniel 2:44; 4:16, 23, 25, 32; Luke 21:24; Psalm 2:1-9) In that heavenly kingdom God’s Chief Agent for the world government reigns, awaiting God’s time for all these hostile Gentile nations to be put under his feet in everlasting ruin. (Psalm 110:1-6; Hebrews 10:12, 13) Then permanent peace, like a rainbow, will beautify earth. 3. In 1914 or later did any human qualify to be World Governor? 3 On earth, back in 1914, there was no man that could qualify as God’s chief agent for a peace-bringing world government. No, not one, not even in earthly Jerusalem in the Middle East, nor in Bethlehem. In that crucial year those famous cities were in the hands of Islamic Turks, as part of the Turkish Empire, which became involved in World War I on October 30, 1914. In December of 1917 the possession of Jerusalem changed hands, when British troops under Field Marshal Allenby captured the city. In those days a British subject, the noted Jewish chemist named Chaim Weizmann, made a vital contribution to Britain’s war effort. This served as an inducement for the Balfour Declaration to be issued, whereby the British government favored the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. Years later, in May of 1948, after warfare between Arabs and Jews, the Republic of Israel was set up. The distinguished Chaim Weizmann became its first president, but not its Davidic king. He did not qualify as God’s Chief Agent. 4. Why was no new kingdom born at Jerusalem in 1914 C.E.? 4 Kingdoms were destroyed as a result of World War I. In accord with this destructive trend, no new kingdom was born on earth in 1914, at the end of the “appointed times of the nations,” or, “the times of the Gentiles.” Later, the League of Nations assigned to Britain a mandate over Jerusalem and Middle Eastern territories captured by British troops. This mandate expired on May 15, 1948. The Republic of Israel followed. Still, no visible kingdom of God had been established on earth to serve as an agency of Jehovah’s universal sovereignty toward our earth. No man of Jewish stock had been found to qualify as His Chief Agent in His promised world government. There was no circumcised Jew that could produce valid credentials proving that he was a real descendant of King David, with either a natural right or a legal right to King David’s throne at Jerusalem. 5. Where then did search have to be made for God’s Chief Agent? 5 So where, at the crucial time, was the true heir of King David to be found, the needed one whom Jehovah could install as his Chief Agent in the foretold world government? Under the circumstances, to what other place could we possibly look than up in the invisible spirit realm, the heavens where the Universal Sovereign himself reigns? That is where the ancient prophet Daniel pointed for the presentation of Jehovah’s Chief Agent. That is where the search must be made for the divinely approved, qualified individual. There, also, is where the Galilean John the son of Zebedee, in the last book of the Bible, Revelation, revealed that a search would be made for a worthy individual to perform the duties of Jehovah’s Chief Agent.—Revelation 5:3-12. 6, 7. What three beasts did Daniel first see in a vision? 6 Let us now, with the eye of prophecy, look heavenward with the prophet Daniel and observe his portrayal of the greatly desired Chief Agent. Daniel shows that it was near the end of the long exile of the Jews in Babylon when God favored him with the vision about His Chief Agent. Daniel dates the vision as he writes: “In the first year of Belshazzar [Nebuchadnezzar’s grandson] the king of Babylon, Daniel himself beheld a dream and visions of his head upon his bed. At that time he wrote down the dream itself. The complete account of the matters he told. Daniel was speaking up and saying: 7 “‘I happened to be beholding in my visions during the night, and, see there! the four winds of the heavens were stirring up the vast sea. And four huge beasts were coming up out of the sea, each one being different from the others. “The first one was like a lion, and it had the wings of an eagle. I kept on beholding until its wings were plucked out, and it was lifted up from the earth and was made to stand up on two feet just like a man, and there was given to it the heart of a man. “And, see there! another beast, a second one, it being like a bear. And on one side it was raised up, and there were three ribs in its mouth between its teeth; and this is what they were saying to it, “Get up, eat much flesh.” After this I kept on beholding, and, see there! another beast, one like a leopard, but it had four wings of a flying creature on its back. And the beast had four heads, and there was given to it rulership indeed.’”—Daniel 7:1-6. 8. What did those three beasts symbolize, for how long? 8 Those three huge beasts out of the windswept sea pictured three rulerships. They pictured the same rulerships as represented in the gold head, the silver breasts and arms, the copper belly and thighs of Nebuchadnezzar’s dream image, namely, the Babylonian World Power, the Medo-Persian World Power and the Grecian World Power. These world powers occupied that period of the “times of the Gentiles” from the desolating of Jerusalem and the land of Judah in 607 B.C.E. and down to 30 B.C.E. In the previous year the last one of the four Hellenic kingdoms that resulted from the Grecian Empire of Alexander the Great suffered decisive defeat by the naval forces of ancient pagan Rome. 9. What fourth beast with horns did Daniel see in this vision? 9 At this point, however, Daniel is not finished with telling us his prophetic dream. He adds: “After this I kept on beholding in the visions of the night, and, see there! a fourth beast, fearsome and terrible and unusually strong. And it had teeth of iron, big ones. It was devouring and crushing, and what was left it was treading down with its feet. And it was something different from all the other beasts that were prior to it, and it had ten horns. I kept on considering the horns, and, look! another horn, a small one, came up in among them, and there were three of the first horns that were plucked up from before it. And, look! there were eyes like the eyes of a man in this horn, and there was a mouth speaking grandiose things.”—Daniel 7:7, 8. 10. This beast corresponds with what in the dream “image”? 10 Here we have what corresponds with the iron legs of the world-power “image” seen in Nebuchadnezzar’s dream. The fourth beast represented more than just the Roman Empire or Sixth World Power of Bible prophecy. We learn this from the conversation that Daniel had with the angelic interpreter, who told Daniel: “As for these huge beasts, because they are four, there are four kings that will stand up from the earth. But the holy ones of the Supreme One will receive the kingdom, and they will take possession of the kingdom for time indefinite, even for time indefinite upon times indefinite.” (Daniel 7:17, 18) Despite this information, there still remained a mystery for Daniel regarding the fourth beast. 11. What additional feature of it did Daniel want explained? 11 “Then it was that I desired to make certain concerning the fourth beast, which proved to be different from all the others, extraordinarily fearsome, the teeth of which were of iron and the claws of which were of copper, which was devouring and crushing, and which was treading down even what was left with its feet; and concerning the ten horns that were on its head, and the other horn that came up and before which three fell, even that horn that had eyes and a mouth speaking grandiose things and the appearance of which was bigger than that of its fellows. “I kept on beholding when that very horn made war upon the holy ones, and it was prevailing against them, until the Ancient of Days came and judgment itself was given in favor of the holy ones of the Supreme One, and the definite time arrived that the holy ones took possession of the kingdom itself.”—Daniel 7:19-22. 12, 13. How did the angel explain the small horn for us? 12 Like Daniel, we today would like to know what that little horn that had eyes and a mouth pictured. We ought to arrive at its meaning under the guidance of God’s holy spirit, especially so since we have lived to see the fulfillment of the prophetic dream of Daniel. Accordingly, we now do well to listen to what the angelic interpreter said to Daniel in explanation: 13 “This is what he said, ‘As for the fourth beast, there is a fourth kingdom that will come to be on the earth, that will be different from all the other kingdoms; and it will devour all the earth and will trample it down and crush it. And as for the ten horns, out of that [fourth] kingdom there are ten kings that will rise up; and still another one will rise up after them, and he himself will be different from the first ones, and three kings he will humiliate. And he will speak even words against the Most High, and he will harass continually the holy ones themselves of the Supreme One. And he will intend to change times and law, and they will be given into his hand for a time, and times and half a time. And the Court itself proceeded to sit, and his own rulership they finally took away, in order to annihilate him and to destroy him totally.’”—Daniel 7:23-26. 14. The “time, and times and half a time” are how long? 14 In Da 7 verse twenty-five where the expression “a time, and times and half a time” appears, The New American Bible (Roman Catholic) reads: “They [the holy ones] shall be handed over to him for a year, two years, and a half-year.” Moffatt’s translation reads: “And for three years and half a year the saints shall be handed over to him.” Similarly, The Complete Bible—An American Translation reads: “And they shall be handed over to him for a year, two years, and half a year.” Historically, what years were they? THE ANGLO-AMERICAN DUAL WORLD POWER 15. How did the “small” horn with eyes and mouth come to be? 15 The “fourth kingdom,” the Roman Empire, broke up into a number of nations, and one outstanding outgrowth from the empire was Great Britain. To establish itself as the mistress of the seven seas Great Britain with its colonies had to prove itself superior to the Spanish, the Dutch and the French naval powers. This was accomplished by the year 1763 C.E., so that then the British Empire became the foretold Seventh World Power of Bible prophecy. On July 4, 1776, the former British colonies in North America declared their independence and became the United States of America. By later cooperation together in various fields of international importance the British Empire and the United States of America became, in effect, the Anglo-American Dual World Power. Down to 1914 C.E. this Seventh World Power controlled more than a quarter of the earth’s surface and population. It is the “small” horn that plucked up three other horns (Spanish, Dutch and French naval powers) and that had the eyes of a man and a mouth speaking grandiose things.—Daniel 7:8. 16, 17. How did those three and a half years culminate in 1918? 16 It was during World War I, from July 28, 1914, to November 11, 1918, that the “saints” or “holy ones” were handed over to this Seventh World Power to do with as it wanted. It was on April 6, 1917, that the United States of America became involved in that world conflict on the side of the British Empire. Daniel’s prophecy specializes on three and a half lunar years during this World War I as the time when the Seventh World Power, the symbolic “small” horn, crushed the “holy ones” of the Most High God, Jehovah. This culminated in the sentencing to many years of imprisonment in the federal penitentiary at Atlanta, Georgia, of seven falsely accused Christian men who were engaged prominently in publishing world wide the good news of God’s established kingdom by word of mouth and by printed page. 17 This sentencing occurred on June 21, 1918, and on July 4, 1918, these seven leading promoters of Bible study were taken by train from Brooklyn, New York, to Atlanta, Georgia. This served as a crushing spiritual blow to the then-persecuted International Bible Students, who, now, since the year 1931, are known as Jehovah’s Witnesses. 18. Are the “holy ones” shown as wiped out by the “small” horn? 18 Daniel’s prophecy does not show that the “holy ones themselves of the Supreme One” were wiped out by harassment from the symbolic “small” horn, the Anglo-American Dual World Power. The Most High God, whose universal sovereignty they stick to and proclaim, is on their side. He will see to it that divine justice is done to them. (Luke 18:7, 8) However, the Seventh World Power and all the other nations of the earth do not take seriously the notice served on them by Jehovah’s Witnesses. This notice is to the effect that, since the end of the Gentile Times in 1914, they have been on judgment before the Most High. Daniel’s dream of the four beasts and the “small” horn prophetically portrays this solemn fact. THE DIVINE COURT SITS 19. How did the Heavenly Court deal with the four “beasts”? 19 Referring to a time after the “small” horn has come into existence and has spoken grandiose things, Daniel continues on with describing his prophetic dream: “I kept on beholding until there were thrones placed and the Ancient of Days sat down. His clothing was white just like snow, and the hair of his head was like clean wool. His throne was flames of fire; its wheels were a burning fire. There was a stream of fire flowing and going out from before him. There were a thousand thousands that kept ministering to him, and ten thousand times ten thousand that kept standing right before him. The Court took its seat, and there were books that were opened. I kept on beholding at that time because of the sound of the grandiose words that the horn was speaking; I kept on beholding until the [fourth] beast was killed and its body was destroyed and it was given to the burning fire. But as for the rest of the beasts, their rulerships were taken away, and there was a lengthening in life given to them for a time and a season.”—Daniel 7:9-12. 20. Why does “the Ancient of Days” need no books to consult? 20 It is only here in this vision to Daniel that the immortal God who is without beginning is called “the Ancient of Days.” He has priority over everyone and everything else, he being their Creator. (Psalm 90:2) As the all-wise, all-righteous One who preceded all his creations, he rightly sits as the Judge of all things, our earth included. Since his days extend into the ancient past, he knows all past human history as if it were written in a book. Thus he has observed all four of those beastlike world powers in their course of action. He passes judgment upon them, not on the basis of what others testify, but according to what he knows about them directly. He does not have to consult a written record, containing accounts written by angels. In earthly human courts, lawbooks and reference books would have to be consulted. But not so with Jehovah, “the Ancient of Days.” 21. How were the lives of the “rest of the beasts” lengthened? 21 As history books show, the four imperial “beasts” passed off the worldly scene one after the other, in the order of the four metals seen in Nebuchadnezzar’s dream of the world-power image. First the Babylonian World Power made its exit off the stage, after it the Medo-Persian World Power, then the Grecian World Power, and finally the Roman World Power. Although those world powers lost their rulership one after the other, their imperial territories and the inhabitants thereof continued on, some remnants of these existing down to this day. That is why Daniel 7:12 says: “But as for the rest of the beasts, their rulerships were taken away, and there was a lengthening in life given to them for a time and a season.” 22. Why is the fourth beast with its “small” horn destroyed? 22 The fourth symbolic “beast,” with its aggressive “small” horn, suffers destruction because of its violent oppressive course on earth, because of its blasphemous words against the Most High God, and because of its continual harassment of God’s “holy ones.” Such ungodly things have been done more recently by the Anglo-American horn on the head of this fourth beast. 23. What happens to rulerships not pictured by the four beasts? 23 So, the symbolic fourth beast is pictured as being destroyed along with the “small” horn. In historical reality, however, the symbolic fourth beast, namely, the Roman World Power, has its imperial power taken away, in order to make room for the Anglo-American Dual World Power. Various “kings,” or symbolic “horns,” that had been embraced within the Roman World Power, continued on ruling like inferior “horns,” dominated by the crafty “small” horn that had a man’s eyes and a talkative mouth. So, when the Anglo-American Dual World Power goes down into destruction under the fiery judgments of the Ancient of Days, those hornlike “kings,” as remnants of the Roman World Power, perish with it. (Daniel 7:23-26) But how about those empires, kingdoms, republics and political bodies that were never a part of the Roman Empire or of the Anglo-American Dual World Power, including the British Commonwealth of Nations? All these, too, must be destroyed when the Ancient of Days executes fiery judgment on this world.—Revelation 16:13 through 19:21. GOD’S CHIEF AGENT IS INTRODUCED 24. Does destruction of human rule leave earth ungoverned? 24 Will such destruction of all earthly human governments and rulerships leave human affairs in a chaotic state, subject to anarchy, lawlessness, and ungoverned? Let us not be afraid of the fast-approaching fiery destruction of this worldly system of things. The Supreme Judge, the Ancient of Days, is in charge of our earth. He must do away with the man-made political governments of misrule and oppression in order to make room for the finest government that mankind could ever have. It will be an expression of his own Universal Sovereignty toward mankind’s earthly home. It will be an indivisible World Government that will exercise its power and authority from heaven, a location superior to London, Washington, Moscow, Peking, Tokyo, or any other national capital on earth. Jehovah introduces to us his Chief Agent in that World Government in the prophetic dream that he inspired Daniel to have. Daniel points heavenward as he now writes: 25. How is God’s Chief Agent introduced in Daniel 7:13, 14? 25 “I kept on beholding in the visions of the night, and, see there! with the clouds of the heavens someone like a son of man happened to be coming; and to the Ancient of Days he gained access, and they brought him up close even before that One. And to him there were given rulership and dignity and kingdom, that the peoples, national groups and languages should all serve even him. His rulership is an indefinitely lasting rulership that will not pass away, and his kingdom one that will not be brought to ruin.”—Daniel 7:13, 14. 26. Some men argue that “someone like a son of man” pictures whom? 26 Who is that “someone like a son of man” that comes, not up from the earth, but from the heavens “with the clouds” and gains access to the Ancient of Days enthroned in the judicial court? Some think that, because this “someone like a son of man” is not mentioned thereafter in the prophecy but the “holy ones of the Supreme One” are spoken of as getting kingdom rulership, it refers to a composite person, God’s “holy nation” as a body. But there is a reliable authority who points out who that “someone like a son of man” really is. How so? 27, 28. (a) How was an authority obliged to identify who that “someone like a son of man” is? (b) How was he then treated? 27 Over nineteen hundred years ago, on Passover night (Nisan 14) of the year 33 C.E., a natural descendant of King David stood on trial for his life before the judicial Sanhedrin of Jerusalem. After this man refused to answer to the accusing testimonies that were offered against him, the presiding high priest said to him: “By the living God I put you under oath to tell us whether you are the Christ the Son of God!” Did the accused man now recognize himself to be under oath before the living God to tell the truth about himself? Yes! He recognized the high priest’s judicial authority to put him under oath to state the facts, even though he knew that his telling the truth would make him appear as a shocking blasphemer to the Supreme Sanhedrin. 28 The record of the court trial tells us: “Jesus said to him: ‘You yourself said it. Yet I say to you men, From henceforth you will see the Son of man sitting at the right hand of power and coming on the clouds of heaven.’ Then the high priest ripped his outer garments, saying: ‘He has blasphemed! What further need do we have of witnesses? See! Now you have heard the blasphemy. What is your opinion?’ They returned answer: ‘He is liable to death.’ Then they spit into his face and hit him with their fists. Others slapped him in the face, saying: ‘Prophesy to us, you Christ. Who is it that struck you?’”—Matthew 26:63-68. 29. What else shows that Daniel 7:13 does not mean a composite body? 29 There, then, was the one man on earth who could reliably refer to Daniel’s prophecy, Da chapter seven, verse thirteen, and correctly identify who that “someone like a son of man” really was. Sixty-three years later Jesus Christ, resurrected from the dead and glorified in heaven, transmitted a revelation to his apostle John on earth, and John was inspired to write concerning him: “Look! He is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see him, and those who pierced him; and all the tribes of the earth will beat themselves in grief because of him. Yes, Amen.” (Revelation 1:7) This as well as other statements of the Bible prove that the “someone like a son of man” as seen in Daniel’s vision is Jesus Christ the Descendant of King David. In Psalm 8:4 (AV) David spoke prophetically of him as “the son of man.” (Hebrews 2:5-8, AV) Repeatedly Jesus spoke of himself as “the Son of man.” Not the company of “the holy ones themselves of the Supreme One,” but David’s royal Descendant is the individual pictured in Daniel 7:13 as coming “with the clouds of the heavens.”—Matthew 24:30. 30, 31. Daniel 7:13 was fulfilled, but why not in 70 C.E.? 30 When does this particular coming take place? According to the verses preceding Daniel 7:13 it was to take place after the “small” horn that plucks up three other horns on the head of the fourth beast grew up, which was in the latter half of the eighteenth century C.E. Hence the Son of man’s coming “with the clouds of the heavens” was not before then, not even in 70 C.E., when his prophecy came true: “They [the rebellious Jews] shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles [the non-Jewish nations], until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.” (Luke 21:24, AV) Those “times of the Gentiles” had begun at the desolation of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 607 B.C.E. During those Gentile Times the non-Jewish nations were permitted to dominate the earth without interference from God’s Davidic kingdom. 31 At the close of those Gentile Times, in 1914 C.E., David’s royal Heir could rightfully apply to God for Kingdom rule. 32, 33. Why did we not see the coming of the one with legal right? 32 Events in fulfillment of Bible prophecies from 1914 C.E. down till now prove that the Son of man’s coming occurred in that year. Of course, none of us saw such a coming with our literal eyes. We could not have done so, for Daniel 7:13, 14 describes the Son of man as coming, not to earth, but to the Ancient of Days, the Judge in heaven who “is changing times and seasons, removing kings and setting up kings.” (Daniel 2:21) He came at the invitation of the Ancient of Days, as recorded in Psalm 2:8, 9: “Ask of me, that I may give nations as your inheritance and the ends of the earth as your own possession. You will break them with an iron scepter, as though a potter’s vessel you will dash them to pieces.” Then without running ahead of his judicial time schedule the Ancient of Days could do what he foretold at Ezekiel 21:25-27. There, after commanding the removal of the turban and crown of Davidic kingship, he said: 33 “Put on high even what is low, and bring low even the high one [the occupant of King David’s throne]. A ruin, a ruin, a ruin I shall make it. As for this also, it will certainly become no one’s until he comes who has the legal right, and I must give it to him.” 34. So how did God display universal sovereignty in 1914? 34 All the evidence to date is that the Ancient of Days did give to the Davidic Heir with the “legal right” the Messianic kingdom at the end of the Gentile Times in 1914. As Daniel 7:14 foretold: “To him there were given rulership and dignity and kingdom, that the peoples, national groups and languages should all serve even him. His rulership is an indefinitely lasting rulership that will not pass away, and his kingdom one that will not be brought to ruin.” That was the precise time for the symbolic bands of iron and copper to be removed from around the “rootstock” of Divine Universal Sovereignty now that the prophetic “seven times” of 2,520 years had ended. It was then the marked time for Jehovah’s Universal Sovereignty to assert itself toward our earth once again. How? By having a “sprout” grow up out of that long-dormant “rootstock,” and thereby prove that “the Most High is Ruler in the kingdom of mankind and that to the one whom he wants to, he gives it and he sets up over it even the lowliest one of mankind.”—Daniel 4:17, 23, 32; Isaiah 11:1; Zechariah 3:8; 6:12. 35. What royal “stone” was then put in motion, against what? 35 That, too, was the time for the symbolic “stone” to be cut out of the “mountain” of God’s Universal Sovereignty and then to be hurled against the “image” of political world power on earth. It is aimed to strike the “feet” of iron and molded clay. Then it must grind the whole idolatrous image to powder. Finally it must grow into a mountain, to fill all the earth.—Daniel 2:34, 45. 36. What royal birth then occurred, and also what announcement? 36 Correspondingly, in 1914 the Messianic kingdom came forth from the womb of Jehovah’s wifelike organization in heaven, and the words of Revelation 12:5 came true: “She gave birth to a son, a male, who is to shepherd all the nations with an iron rod. And her child was caught away to God and to his throne.” Then, doubtless, it was that the thousand thousands of angels who ministered to the Ancient of Days and the ten thousand times ten thousand who stand right before him joined their voices in announcing universe wide: “The kingdom of the world did become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he will rule as king forever and ever.”—Revelation 11:15; Daniel 7:10. 37. Who, therefore, must God’s Chief Agent in rulership be? 37 In the light of all the above, who, then, is God’s Chief Agent for our incoming world government? Jesus Christ, the now glorified Permanent Heir of King David. As a perfect man in David’s royal line, he “offered one sacrifice for sins perpetually and sat down at the right hand of God [in 33 C.E.], from then on awaiting until his enemies should be placed as a stool for his feet.”—Hebrews 10:12, 13; 1:3, 4; Psalm 110:1-6. 38. What questions arise about the “holy ones” who share in ruling? 38 In the coming world rule there will be sharers with God’s Chief Agent, for Daniel 7:27, 28 declares: “‘And the kingdom and the rulership and the grandeur of the kingdoms under all the heavens were given to the people who are the holy ones of the Supreme One. Their kingdom is an indefinitely lasting kingdom, and all the rulerships will serve and obey even them.’ Up to this point is the end of the matter.” So now the question arises, Were the “people who are the holy ones of the Supreme One” the prophet Daniel’s own fleshly people, the nation of natural, circumcised Jews or Israelites? Were the twelve tribes of Israel who were the flesh-and-blood descendants of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob to become the top-ranking people during the indefinitely lasting reign of the Messiah (Christ), with all the Gentile nations to become subject to them as world rulers? People of all races have asked this question. Shall we now consider it together?
Young People Ask, Volume 1 (yp1) 2011	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/yp1	Role Model—Moses Moses has many advantages in life. He was raised in the royal household of Pharaoh and educated in all the wisdom of Egypt. (Acts 7:22) What will he do with his training? He could gain fame, fortune, and power. However, he is not swayed by peer pressure nor enticed by selfish ambition. Instead, he makes a career choice that no doubt surprises many. He chooses “to be ill-treated with the people of God.” (Hebrews 11:25) Does Moses lose out? No. Because of choosing to serve God and help people, he enjoys an exciting, rewarding life. If you are fortunate enough to have access to a good basic education, what will you do with that advantage? You could chase after money or power. Or, like Moses, you could do something truly worthwhile with your life. You could use your mental and physical assets to serve God and your neighbors. (Matthew 22:35-40) No other course of life is as rewarding!
Young People Ask, Volume 1 (yp1) 2011	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/yp1	CHAPTER 25 How Can I Conquer the Habit of Masturbation? “I began masturbating when I was eight years old. Later I learned God’s view of the matter. I felt terrible every time I gave in. ‘How could God love someone like me?’ I asked myself.”—Luiz. WHEN you reach puberty, sexual desires can become particularly strong. As a result, you might fall into a habit of masturbation.a Many would say that it’s not a big deal. “No one gets hurt,” they argue. However, there’s good reason to avoid the practice. The apostle Paul wrote: “Deaden, therefore, your body members . . . as respects . . . sexual appetite.” (Colossians 3:5) Masturbation does not deaden sexual appetite but fuels it. In addition, consider the following: ● Masturbation instills attitudes that are totally self-centered. For example, when masturbating, a person is immersed in his or her own body sensations. ● Masturbation causes one to view those of the opposite sex as mere objects, or tools, for self-gratification. ● The selfish thinking that is instilled through the practice of masturbation can make satisfying sexual relations in marriage difficult to achieve. Rather than resort to masturbation to relieve pent-up sexual urges, strive to cultivate self-control. (1 Thessalonians 4:4, 5) To help you to do that, the Bible recommends that you avoid circumstances that might arouse you sexually in the first place. (Proverbs 5:8, 9) Still, what if you have become enslaved to the habit of masturbation? Perhaps you’ve tried to stop but without success. It would be easy to conclude that you’re a lost cause, that you’re incapable of living up to God’s standards. That’s how a boy named Pedro viewed himself. “When I relapsed, I felt terrible,” he says. “I thought that I could never atone for what I had done. I found it hard to pray.” If that’s how you feel, take courage. Your case isn’t hopeless. Many young people—and adults—have overcome the habit of masturbation. You can too! Dealing With Guilt As already noted, those who have fallen into the habit of masturbation are often plagued with guilt. Without a doubt, being “saddened in a godly way” can give you the incentive to overcome the habit. (2 Corinthians 7:11) But excessive guilt can be counterproductive. It can make you feel so discouraged that you just want to give up the fight.—Proverbs 24:10. So strive to put the matter in perspective. Masturbation is a form of uncleanness. It can make you a ‘slave to various desires and pleasures,’ and it fosters unhealthy attitudes. (Titus 3:3) At the same time, masturbation is not a form of gross sexual immorality, such as fornication. (Jude 7) If you have a problem with masturbation, you need not conclude that you have committed the unforgivable sin. The key is to resist the urge and never to give up your fight! It is easy to become downhearted after a relapse. When that occurs, take to heart the words of Proverbs 24:16: “The righteous one may fall even seven times, and he will certainly get up; but the wicked ones will be made to stumble by calamity.” A temporary setback does not make you a wicked person. So do not give up. Instead, analyze what led to the relapse, and try to avoid repeating the same pattern. Take time to meditate on God’s love and mercy. The psalmist David, who was no stranger to personal weakness, stated: “As a father shows mercy to his sons, Jehovah has shown mercy to those fearing him. For he himself well knows the formation of us, remembering that we are dust.” (Psalm 103:13, 14) Yes, Jehovah takes into consideration our imperfection and is “ready to forgive.” (Psalm 86:5) On the other hand, he wants us to put forth effort to improve. So what practical steps can you take to conquer your habit? Analyze your entertainment. Do you watch movies or TV programs or visit Web sites that are sexually stimulating? The psalmist wisely prayed to God: “Make my eyes pass on from seeing what is worthless.”b—Psalm 119:37. Force your mind to focus on other matters. A Christian named William advises: “Before going to bed, read something related to spiritual things. It is very important that the last thought of the day be a spiritual one.”—Philippians 4:8. Talk to someone about the problem. Shame might make it difficult for you to bring up the matter to a confidant. Yet, doing so can help you to overcome the habit! That’s what a Christian named David found. “I talked privately with my father,” he says. “I’ll never forget what he said. With a reassuring smile on his face, he said, ‘You make me so proud of you.’ He knew what I had to go through to get to that point. No words could have lifted my spirits and determination more. “My father then showed me a few scriptures to help me see that I was not ‘too far gone,’ and then some more scriptures to be sure I understood the seriousness of my wrong course. He said to ‘keep the slate clean’ until a certain time, and we would discuss it again then. He told me not to let it crush me if I relapsed, just go a longer period of time without giving in the next time.” David’s conclusion? He says: “Having someone else aware of my problem and helping me was the greatest benefit.”c IN OUR NEXT CHAPTERCasual sex is no casual matter. Find out why. [Footnotes] a Masturbation is not to be confused with involuntary sexual arousal. For example, a boy might wake up sexually excited or have a nocturnal emission of semen. Similarly, some girls might find that they are stimulated unintentionally, particularly just before or after their menstrual period. In contrast, masturbation involves deliberate sexual self-stimulation. b For more information, see Volume 2, Chapter 33. c For more information, see Volume 2, pages 239-241. KEY SCRIPTURE “Flee from the desires incidental to youth, but pursue righteousness, faith, love, peace, along with those who call upon the Lord out of a clean heart.”—2 Timothy 2:22. TIP Pray before urges become strong. Ask Jehovah God to give you “power beyond what is normal” to cope with temptation.—2 Corinthians 4:7. DID YOU KNOW . . . ? Any weak person can give in to his or her sexual urges. But it takes a real man or a real woman to display self-control even when in private. ACTION PLAN! I can keep my mind on things that are chaste if I ․․․․․ Instead of giving in to the urge, I will ․․․․․ What I would like to ask my parent(s) about this subject is ․․․․․ WHAT DO YOU THINK? ● Why is it important to remember that Jehovah is “ready to forgive”?—Psalm 86:5. ● Since God, who created sexual urges, also says that you should cultivate self-control, what confidence must he have in you? [Blurb on page 182] “Since overcoming the problem, I can keep a clean conscience before Jehovah, and that is something that I wouldn’t trade for anything!”—Sarah [Picture on page 180] A fall while running does not mean that you have to start over—nor does a relapse with masturbation erase the progress you’ve already made
The Gospels of Matthew and John Released in German Sign Language	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/501100054	The Gospels of Matthew and John Released in German Sign Language On December 18, 2021, the Gospels of Matthew and John were released in German Sign Language. Media is loadingPlay videoPlayBack 5 secondsForward 15 secondsPreviousNextMuteSettingsFull ScreenLoaded: 0%Current time 0:00/Duration 0:00This is a modal window.Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window.TextColorWhiteBlackRedGreenBlueYellowMagentaCyanTransparencyOpaqueSemi-TransparentBackgroundColorBlackWhiteRedGreenBlueYellowMagentaCyanTransparencyOpaqueSemi-TransparentTransparentWindowColorBlackWhiteRedGreenBlueYellowMagentaCyanTransparencyTransparentSemi-TransparentOpaqueFont Size50%75%100%125%150%175%200%300%400%Text Edge StyleNoneRaisedDepressedUniformDropshadowFont FamilyProportional Sans-SerifMonospace Sans-SerifProportional SerifMonospace SerifCasualScriptSmall CapsReset restore all settings to the default valuesDoneClose Modal DialogEnd of dialog window.
Sing Praises (ssb) 1984	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb	Song 136 Loyal Worshipers Bless Jehovah (Psalm 18:25) 1. Loyal ones bless you, Lord, praising in full accord; So may you, please, afford prosperity. You’re worthy of our praise; righteous are all your ways. With works we’ll fill our days in loyalty. 2. We seek to honor you—may our thanks ne’er be few— Careful in all we do, with chastity. Please help us all to know how best in faith to grow. Lord, each day may we show integrity. 3. Grant us to understand your Kingdom purpose grand In which you take a hand so gloriously. Keep showing good to all that none may ever fall. Do hear us when we call, unceasingly. 4. Help us, our Father dear, to overcome all fear As we spread Kingdom cheer and praise your name. To us may peace abound as we your praises sound In all the world around, to your great fame.
True Peace (tp) 1986	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/tp	Chapter 11 Survivors Must Be “No Part of the World” 1, 2. (a) What did Jesus say about the relationship of his disciples to the world? (b) What does that not mean, and why? WHAT did Jesus mean in saying that his followers are “in the world,” and yet that they must be “no part of the world”? (John 17:11, 14) To be among those surviving to live in God’s New Order, we need to understand this. 2 First consider what being “no part of the world” does not mean. It does not mean that we isolate ourselves like hermits in a cave or that we withdraw into a monastery or other remote place. On the contrary, the night before his death Jesus prayed to his Father on behalf of his disciples, saying: “I request you, not to take them out of the world, but to watch over them because of the wicked one. They are no part of the world, just as I am no part of the world.”—John 17:15, 16. 3, 4. (a) In what activities is it necessary for Christians to have contact with people of the world? (b) But what must they avoid? 3 Rather than be hidden from people, Jesus’ disciples were ‘sent forth into the world’ to make known the truth. (John 17:18) In doing so, they served as “the light of the world,” letting the light of truth shine so that men might see how God’s truth affects people’s lives for the good.—Matthew 5:14-16. 4 Christians have contact with many people as they work to support themselves and their families and as they bring the good news of God’s Kingdom to mankind. So, as the apostle Paul shows, they are not expected to “get out of the world” in a physical way. They cannot entirely “quit mixing in company” with people of the world. But they can and must keep away from the wrong practices of the majority of mankind.—1 Corinthians 5:9-11. 5. How is the needed separateness from the world illustrated in the case of Noah and his family? 5 The situation is similar to that of Noah’s day when Jehovah took note that “all men had lived corrupt lives on earth.” (Genesis 6:12, The New English Bible) But Noah and his family lived differently. By refusing to join in with the corruption around them and by preaching righteousness, Noah “condemned the world.” He showed it to be inexcusably out of harmony with God’s will. (Hebrews 11:7; 2 Peter 2:5) That is why, when the global Flood brought an end to ungodly mankind, he and his family survived. They were “in the world” yet at the same time were “no part of the world.”—Genesis 6:9-13; 7:1; Matthew 24:38, 39. What Is Proper Love for People of the World? 6. Is it proper to show any love toward people of the world? 6 Would becoming “no part of the world” also mean becoming a hater of mankind? To do so would put one at odds with Jehovah God, who, his Son Jesus said, “loved the world [of mankind] so much that he gave his only-begotten Son, in order that everyone exercising faith in him might not be destroyed but have everlasting life.” So God’s kindness and compassion toward people of all sorts sets the example for us to follow.—John 3:16; Matthew 5:44-48. 7, 8. (a) What does the Bible say about loving the world? (b) What is the world from which we must be separate? (c) Why must we shun the world and its desires? 7 But does not the apostle John tell us, “Do not be loving either the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him”? If God himself loved the world, why did the apostle say this?—1 John 2:15. 8 The Bible shows that God loves the world of mankind simply as humans who are in an imperfect, dying state and in desperate need of help. On the other hand, Satan has organized most of humankind in opposition to God. It is that “world”—human society alienated from God and under Satan’s control—from which true Christians must be separate. (James 1:27) God’s Word warns against loving the wrong desires and deeds of that world: “Everything in the world—the desire of the flesh and the desire of the eyes and the showy display of one’s means of life—does not originate with the Father, but originates with the world. Furthermore, the world is passing away and so is its desire, but he that does the will of God remains forever.”—1 John 2:15-17. 9, 10. (a) How can it be said that these desires ‘originate with the world’? (b) What effect have these desires had on mankind? 9 Yes, those desires of the flesh and of the eyes and for personal exaltation do ‘originate with the world.’ They were what developed in mankind’s first parents and led them to seek independence from God so that they could follow selfish interests. Following these selfish worldly desires led to breaking God’s laws.—Genesis 3:1-6, 17. 10 Consider what you see around you. Do not most people build their lives around the desires of the flesh and of the eyes and “the showy display of one’s means of life”? Is it not these things that shape their hopes and interests, governing the way they act and deal with one another? Because of this, human history is one long record of disunity and war, of immorality and crime, of commercial greed and oppression, of proud ambition, and of striving for fame and power. 11. So, then, why is God’s love for the world not inconsistent with what his Word condemns? 11 We can see, then, that loving the world as God does is far different from loving its wrong desires and practices, which he condemns. God’s love for mankind has opened the way to freedom from those sinful desires and their bad results, including death itself. He expressed that love by giving his own Son to ransom mankind. But if anyone rejects that sacrifice and continues in disobedience, the Bible says that “the wrath of God remains upon him.”—John 3:16, 36; Romans 5:6-8. Keeping Free From Control by “the Ruler of This World” 12. How can we analyze whether the love we may have for persons of the world is pleasing to God or not? 12 What, then, about us? Do we “love” persons in the world in the sense of sincerely wanting to help them find the way to life in God’s favor? Or do we love the very things that hold them back from becoming God’s servants—their spirit of independence, their showy display of their means, their confidence in their own importance and glory? If we love to be with people for such qualities, then we are ‘loving the world’ in the way the apostle condemned. 13. How could love for the world hold a person back from serving God? 13 Many people in Jesus’ day loved the world’s ways. So they avoided taking a bold stand as Jesus’ disciples. They did not want to lose their popularity and position among the people in their social and religious circles. They loved the praise of men more than the approval of God. (John 12:42, 43) True, some performed works of charity and did other religious acts. But they did so primarily because they wanted to be looked up to by others. (Matthew 6:1-6; 23:5-7; Mark 12:38-40) Do you not see people showing this same love for the world’s wrong course today? Yet the Bible shows that this kind of “love” can only lead to destruction. 14. Who subjected Jesus to temptation when he was on earth, and with what outcome? 14 God’s own Son was subjected to temptation along these same lines. An effort was made to stir up in him the selfish desire to make a showy display to impress people—to become like the world. He was even offered rulership over all the nations of the world with their glory. But he flatly rejected those appeals to selfish desires. They came from the one who first challenged Jehovah God’s sovereignty, Satan the Devil.—Luke 4:5-12. 15. Show from your Bible who “the ruler of this world” is. 15 Knowing of Satan’s offer of rulership to Jesus is vital to understanding why we must be “no part of the world.” It shows that the world of mankind in general, including its rulerships, has God’s Adversary as its invisible ruler. Jesus himself spoke of Satan as “the ruler of this world.” (John 12:31; 14:30; 2 Corinthians 4:4) The apostle Paul also referred to “wicked spirit forces,” demons under Satan’s control, as being the invisible “world rulers of this darkness.” Paul warned Christians of the need for spiritual armor to defend against these “rulers.”—Ephesians 6:10-13. 16. How much of the world has been misled by Satan and is in his power? 16 Only a minority has ever stayed free from the control of this invisible ruler and his forces. Thus the “world,” that is, the mass of mankind alienated from God, “is lying in the power of the wicked one.” Through demon influence he ‘misleads the entire inhabited earth,’ including its earthly rulers, steering them against God and his Kingdom.—1 John 5:19; Revelation 12:9; 16:13, 14; 19:11-18. 17. (a) What does the attitude manifested by the world testify as to the one who is leading mankind? (b) Would it be pleasing to the Creator if we manifested such a spirit? 17 This may sound hard to believe. Yet, do not most people of this world clearly manifest the attitude and works of God’s Adversary? Worldwide we see the lying, hatred, violence, and murder that identify those who ‘originate with the Devil,’ having him as their spiritual “father.” (1 John 3:8-12; John 8:44; Ephesians 2:2, 3) Surely this spirit does not come from a Loving Creator. 18. How does our attitude concerning rulership show whether we are free from the control of “the ruler of this world”? 18 Also, do not the vast majority of people trust in human schemes to bring peace and security? How many people do you know who really look to God and his Kingdom for the solution to mankind’s problems? Yet their confidence in human political systems is wrongly placed, as Jesus said: “My kingdom is no part of this world.” His Kingdom does not have its “source” in this world, because men do not set it up or keep it in power. It is God’s own provision. (John 18:36; Isaiah 9:6, 7) So, to be among those hoping to survive when that Kingdom comes against all of its opponents, we need to recognize the hard fact that Satan dominates this world and its systems. That includes its political arrangements such as the United Nations. We need to keep free from all of these by our firm stand for Jehovah’s righteous government by Christ Jesus.—Matthew 6:10, 24, 31-33. 19. As testified to by history, in what ways did the early Christians show that they were “no part of the world”? 19 History shows that early Christians were respectful, law-abiding citizens. But they were determined to be “no part of the world,” even though this brought persecution upon them. We read statements such as these: “Early Christianity was little understood and was regarded with little favor by those who ruled the pagan world. . . . Christians refused to share certain duties of Roman citizens. . . . They would not hold political office.”—On the Road to Civilization, A World History.⁠57 “They refused to take any active part in the civil administration or the military defence of the empire. . . . It was impossible that the Christians, without renouncing a more sacred duty, could assume the character of soldiers, of magistrates, or of princes.”—History of Christianity.⁠58 “Origen [who lived in the second and third centuries of the Common Era] . . . remarks that ‘the Christian Church cannot engage in war against any nation. They have learned from their Leader that they are children of peace.’ In that period many Christians were martyred for refusing military service.”—Treasury of the Christian World.⁠59 20. To keep free from control by “the ruler of this world,” from what divisive activities of the world do Jehovah’s servants abstain? 20 By keeping free from involvement in the world’s affairs, Jehovah’s servants do not contribute to its divisive nationalism, its racialism, or its social conflicts. Their God-directed attitude contributes toward peace and security among men of all sorts. (Acts 10:34, 35) Survivors of the coming “great tribulation” will, in fact, come “out of all nations and tribes and peoples and tongues.”—Revelation 7:9, 14. Friends of the World or Friends of God? 21. Why cannot a person who follows the Bible also expect to be loved by the world? 21 Jesus told his disciples: “If you were part of the world, the world would be fond of what is its own. Now because you are no part of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, on this account the world hates you. . . . If they have persecuted me, they will persecute you also.” (John 15:19, 20) The simple truth is that the only way to have the world’s friendship is to become like it—to share its desires, ambitions, and prejudices, to admire its thinking and philosophies, and to take up its practices and ways. But supporters of this world resent having their errors exposed or being warned of the dangers to which their course is leading. That is why, if a person follows the Bible’s teachings in conduct and manner of life and speaks in favor of it, he simply cannot escape the world’s hatred.—John 17:14; 2 Timothy 3:12. 22. What choice as to friendship confronts each one of us? 22 So, the Bible shows we have a clear choice. At James 4:4 we read: “Do you not know that the friendship with the world is enmity with God? Whoever, therefore, wants to be a friend of the world is constituting himself an enemy of God.” God also has his standards for friendship, and they are not in harmony with those of the world of sinful mankind.—Psalm 15:1-5. 23. (a) What would show that a person is a friend of the world? (b) How can we show that we are friends of God? 23 Our having God’s friendship depends upon much more than our belonging or not belonging to certain of this world’s organizations. If we manifest the world’s spirit, share its viewpoint of life, then we identify ourselves as friends of the world, not of God. The world’s spirit produces “works of the flesh” such as “fornication, uncleanness, loose conduct, idolatry, practice of spiritism, enmities, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, outputions, divisions, sects, envies, drunken bouts, revelries, and things like these.” The Bible clearly says that “those who practice such things will not inherit God’s kingdom.” On the other hand, if we are God’s friends, we will have his spirit with its fruits of “love, joy, peace, long-suffering, kindness, goodness, faith, mildness, self-control.”—Galatians 5:19-23. 24. (a) Why is it unwise to become imitators of persons on whom the world bestows honor? (b) How can our attitude toward material possessions show whose friendship we are really seeking? 24 Whose spirit, then, do we reflect? That will help us to determine whose friends we really are. Living as we do, subject to the influence of this present evil world, we should not be surprised to find a need for changes in our lives in order to please God. Worldly people, for example, heap honor and glory on those whose ambitious drive leads them to great wealth, power, or fame. People pattern themselves after such worldly heroes and idols, imitating them in speech, conduct, appearance, and dress. Do you want to be identified as an admirer of such people? Their achievements are just the opposite of what God’s Word urges us to make our goals in life. The Bible directs us to spiritual wealth and strength and the honor of serving as God’s representatives and spokesmen on earth. (1 Timothy 6:17-19; 2 Timothy 1:7, 8; Jeremiah 9:23, 24) The world’s commercial propaganda turns people to materialism, to believing that happiness depends on possessions. So they give these far greater importance than things of spiritual value. Yes, following the world’s course will gain the world’s friendship for you. But it will cut you off from God’s friendship. Which means more to you? Which will lead to greater and more enduring happiness? 25. (a) What should we expect from the world when we leave behind its ways? (b) What will enable us really to ‘make our minds over’ to view things as God does? 25 It is easy to give in to the world’s pattern. And, because of its bad spirit, supporters of this world will resent it if you take a separate course. (1 Peter 4:3, 4) Pressures will be brought on you to conform, to let worldly human society mold you into its likeness. The world’s wisdom, its philosophies as to what brings success in life, will be used in an effort to control your thinking. So, it takes real effort and faith to ‘make your mind over’ to see things from God’s viewpoint, understanding why ‘the wisdom of this world is foolishness in his sight.’ (Romans 12:2; 1 Corinthians 1:18-20; 2:14-16; 3:18-20) By diligent study of God’s Word we can see through the world’s false wisdom. We can see the harm already resulting from such “wisdom,” and the disastrous end to which it must lead. Then we can also come to appreciate fully the wisdom of God’s way and the sure blessings that it guarantees. Useless to Give Life and Energies to a Passing World 26. Would it be wise to get involved in the work of humanitarian organizations of the world with a view to improving conditions? 26 Some may object: ‘But many of the organizations of the world do good, working for the protection, health, education, and freedom of the people.’ True, certain organizations do give some temporary relief from a few of the people’s troubles. Yet they are all part of the world alienated from God. And they turn the people’s attention toward perpetuating this present system of things. None of them advocate God’s government for earth, his Kingdom by his Son. After all, even some criminals may raise families, provide for them, and do charitable works for the community. But would these things justify giving our support to criminal organizations in any way?—Compare 2 Corinthians 6:14-16. 27. What is the only way that we can help people in this world to be among the survivors into God’s New Order? 27 Can we really show true love for mankind by associating with any of the world’s schemes, devoting time and energy to them? If you want to help someone who is sick or diseased, will you do so by getting so close that you contract the same sickness or disease? Or will you not be of far greater aid if you stay healthy yourself and try to help the person find the way to health? The present human society is spiritually sick and diseased. None of us can save it, for God’s Word shows its sickness is leading to its death. (Compare Isaiah 1:4-9.) But we can help individuals in the world to find the way to spiritual health and to survival into God’s New Order—provided we ourselves keep separate from the world. (2 Corinthians 6:17) Wisely, then, shun involvement in the world’s schemes. Exert yourself to avoid becoming infected by the spirit of the world and imitating its unrighteous ways. Never forget: “The world is passing away and so is its desire, but he that does the will of God remains forever.”—1 John 2:17.
How Can Parents Teach Their Children About Sex?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502013293	How Can Parents Teach Their Children About Sex? The Bible’s answer Who should teach children about sex? The Bible assigns parents this responsibility, and many parents have found the following suggestions to be helpful: Don’t be embarrassed. The Bible is frank about sex and the genital organs, and God told the nation of Israel that “the little ones” should be taught about such matters. (Deuteronomy 31:12; Leviticus 15:2, 16-19) You can use respectful terms that do not treat sex or the body’s private parts as shameful. Educate progressively. Rather than having a onetime big talk about sex when your child approaches puberty, share details progressively as your child is able to understand them.—1 Corinthians 13:11. Teach moral standards. Schools might provide some sex education for children. However, the Bible encourages parents to instruct their children in not just the physical aspects of sexual matters but also the right attitudes and conduct regarding sex.—Proverbs 5:1-23. Listen to your child. Don’t overreact or jump to conclusions if your child asks questions about sex. Instead, be “swift about hearing, slow about speaking.”—James 1:19. How to protect your child from sexual predators Teach your child to resist if he or she is ever faced with a molester Educate yourself. Learn how a typical abuser operates.—Proverbs 18:15; see chapter 32 of the book Questions Young People Ask—Answers That Work, Volume 1. Stay involved in your child’s life. Don’t just put him in someone’s care without determining if that person is trustworthy, and do not allow your child to be “let on the loose.”—Proverbs 29:15. Teach a balanced view of obedience. Children need to learn to obey their parents. (Colossians 3:20) Yet, if you teach your child that he must always obey any adult, you make him vulnerable to abuse. Christian parents can say to their child, “If anybody tells you to do something that God says is wrong, don’t do it.”—Acts 5:29. Practice simple protective steps. Help your child to learn what to do in case someone tries to take advantage of him or her when you’re not there. Acting out brief scenarios can give your child the confidence to say “Stop that! I’m going to tell on you!” and to get away quickly. You may need to remind “your children over and over again,” since they can easily forget.—Deuteronomy 6:7, Contemporary English Version.
What Has Happened to Respect for Life?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102024004	What Has Happened to Respect for Life? WHY RESPECT FOR LIFE MATTERS Practices and actions that show disrespect for life can adversely affect the health and the safety of a community. Cigarette smoking not only causes cancer but also interferes with the body’s ability to fight it. All told, about 90 percent of lung-cancer deaths can be attributed to smoking or to exposure to secondhand smoke. Mass shootings cause emotional trauma for many each year. A Stanford University report states: “Research indicates that even those who escape [school shootings] without any visible physical harm carry scars that could impair their lives for many years to come.” People driving when under the influence of alcohol or drugs make roads and even pedestrian walkways unsafe. When people show a callous disregard for life, community members often become innocent victims. WHAT YOU CAN DO Protect your health. It’s never too late to give up harmful practices such as smoking, vaping, overdrinking, or taking recreational drugs. Such practices harm your life and show disrespect for the life of those around you, including family members. “Let us cleanse ourselves of every defilement of flesh.”—2 Corinthians 7:1. Be safety conscious. To prevent accidents, keep your home in good repair. Drive safely, and keep your vehicle in safe condition. Do not let others pressure you into activities that can cause serious injury or death. “If you build a new house, you must also make a parapet for your roof, so that you may not bring bloodguilt on your house because of someone falling from it.”—Deuteronomy 22:8.a Be kind to others. Respect for life includes how we view people from all racial, national, and social backgrounds. After all, prejudice and hatred are root causes of much of the world’s violence and warfare. “Put away from yourselves every kind of malicious bitterness, anger, wrath, screaming, and abusive speech, as well as everything injurious. But become kind to one another.”—Ephesians 4:31, 32. WHAT WE ARE DOING Jehovah’s Witnesses promote a balanced, healthy lifestyle. Our Bible educational program has helped people to overcome addictions and destructive habits. We adhere to strict safety standards in our construction projects. Volunteers who help build our meeting places and other facilities that are used to further our Bible educational work are trained to avoid injury. Our buildings are inspected on a regular basis so that they conform to local safety laws. We provide humanitarian assistance. During a recent 12-month period, we responded to some 200 life-threatening disasters worldwide and spent nearly 12 million dollars of donated funds to provide relief for victims. When Ebola outbreaks began to devastate the population of West Africa (2014) and the Democratic Republic of Congo (2018), we educated people on how to prevent the spread of the deadly disease. We sent representatives to speak to groups on the subject “Obedience Saves Lives.” We provided handwashing stations at the entrance of each of our places of worship and stressed the importance of handwashing and other practical safeguards. In Sierra Leone, a radio announcement commended Jehovah’s Witnesses for helping Witnesses and non-Witnesses in the community to avoid the Ebola virus. Kingdom Hall handwashing station during 2014 Ebola outbreak in Liberia a In the ancient Middle East, that wise requirement reflected a conscious concern for the safety of family members and others. LEARN MORE Óscar Serpas is a former gang member who at one time showed little respect for his own life and the life of others. Learn how Jehovah’s Witnesses helped him change. Search for the article “I Was Digging My Own Grave” on jw.org.
Scriptures for Christian Living (scl) 2023	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/scl	Mildness How do we know that Jehovah shows mildness? Mt 11:28, 29; Joh 14:9 Relevant Bible account(s): 1Ki 19:12—Jehovah addresses the troubled prophet Elijah with “a calm, low voice” Jon 3:10–4:11—Though Jonah speaks angrily to Jehovah, He gently teaches the prophet a lesson about mercy How can we show mildness? Pr 15:1; Eph 4:1-3; Tit 3:2; Jas 3:13, 17; 1Pe 3:15 Relevant Bible account(s): Nu 11:26-29—The prophet Moses responds with mildness when Joshua wants him to restrain others who are prophesying Jg 8:1-3—Judge Gideon’s mildness defuses a potentially explosive situation
Is God a Trinity?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502012486	Is God a Trinity? The Bible’s answer Many Christian denominations teach that God is a Trinity. However, note what the Encyclopædia Britannica states: “Neither the word Trinity nor the explicit doctrine appears in the New Testament . . . The doctrine developed gradually over several centuries and through many controversies.” In fact, the God of the Bible is never described as being part of a Trinity. Note these Bible passages: “Jehovah our God is one Jehovah.”—Deuteronomy 6:4. “You, whose name is Jehovah, you alone are the Most High over all the earth.”—Psalm 83:18. “This means everlasting life, their taking in knowledge of you, the only true God, and of the one whom you sent forth, Jesus Christ.”—John 17:3. “God is only one.”—Galatians 3:20. Why do most Christian denominations say that God is a Trinity?
Proclaimers (jv) 1993	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/jv	Picture Credits Page 35, Cyprian: ICCD E 1588. Page 36, Plato: Vatican Museum photograph. Page 38, Augustine of Hippo: ICCD E 52787. Page 39, Calvin: Courtesy of the Trustees of The British Museum. Zwingli: Courtesy of the Trustees of The British Museum. Page 40, Marx: New York Times, Berlin—33225115. Communist Manifesto: By permission of the British Library. The Origin of Species: By permission of the British Library. Darwin: Courtesy of the Trustees of The British Museum. Page 41, Electric light: U.S. Department of the Interior/National Park Service; Edison/National Historic Site. Telephone: Courtesy of AT&T Archives. Linotype: Division of Graphic Arts, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. Phonograph: U.S. Department of the Interior/National Park Service; Edison/National Historic Site. Page 46, Storrs: Six Sermons, by George Storrs (1855). Page 48, Barbour: Based on a sketch from the Rochester Union & Advertiser. Page 96, Airplane: Boeing Company Archives. Page 125, Grew: Courtesy of The New-York Historical Society, NYC. Page 128, Carnegie Hall: Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. Page 142, Ship: Courtesy of the American Merchant Marine Museum. Page 193, Former League of Nations headquarters: UN photo. UN General Assembly: UN photo/Milton Grant. Pages 208-9, Map: Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. Pages 216-17, Brooklyn Bridge: New York in the Nineteenth Century, by John Grafton, Dover Publications, Inc. Page 288, Cow: The Bettmann Archive. Pages 402-3, Map: The Pictorial History of the World, Volume 1, by James D. McCabe and Henry Davenport Northrop (1907). Page 611, Manuscript: Courtesy of the Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Page 651, Brooklyn Federal Court and Post Office: The Brooklyn Historical Society. Page 659, Concentration camp (center): Oświecim Museum. Insignia: Courtesy of Regimentals, London. Page 667, Mob: Courtesy Canada Wide. Page 669, Jail: Chicago Herald-American. Page 670, Mob (top): AP/Wide World Photos. Page 679, U.S. Supreme Court building: Photo by Josh Mathes, Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States. Page 681, Duplessis and Cardinal Villeneuve: Photo by W. R. Edwards. Page 686, U.S. Supreme Court justices: Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Worldwide Security (ws) 1986	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ws	Chapter 3 The Rule of the “Prince of Peace” Amid Enemies 1, 2. (a) What parting words did Jesus Christ say to a group of his disciples? (b) Did this call for world conversion before he would rule as the “Prince of Peace”? SHORTLY before his ascension to heaven more than 19 centuries ago, the then future “Prince of Peace,” Jesus Christ, said these parting words to a group of his faithful disciples: “Go therefore and make disciples of people of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the holy spirit . . . And, look! I am with you all the days until the conclusion of the system of things.”—Matthew 28:19, 20. 2 Did those words of Jesus call for world conversion before “the conclusion of the system of things” that began in 1914? No. Today, near the close of this 20th century, the world of mankind remains far from being converted to Jesus Christ as its Savior and rightful King. However, this has not delayed the outworking of what Jehovah foretold in the prophecies of the Bible. It was never God’s purpose that the whole world of mankind be converted before Jesus Christ began to rule as the “Prince of Peace.” Directly contrary, he was foretold to begin ruling in the midst of his enemies. 3. How did Jesus’ reference to Psalm 110 indicate that he would reign amid enemies? 3 Even when he was down here on earth, Jesus Christ knew this fact. Shortly before his death as a martyr, he had a dispute with his religious opposers and made a reference to Psalm 110. We read about this at Luke 20:41-44: “In turn he said to them: ‘How is it they say that the Christ is David’s son? For David himself says in the book of Psalms, “Jehovah said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand until I place your enemies as a stool for your feet.” David, therefore, calls him “Lord”; so how is he his son?’” 4-6. (a) How does Psalm 2 likewise indicate that Jesus would not have to wait for world conversion before beginning his rule as the “Prince of Peace”? (b) At what time was Psalm 2:7 fulfilled? 4 Plainly, then, Jesus Christ, as the Son of David, was not to begin ruling after world conversion. Rather, he was to begin ruling among enemies whom Jehovah God by warfare would eventually make the footstool for the feet of his enthroned Son. Psalm 2 likewise, in the following words, indicates the beginning of his rule as the “Prince of Peace” amid enemies: 5 “Why have the nations been in tumult and the national groups themselves kept muttering an empty thing? The kings of earth take their stand and high officials themselves have massed together as one against Jehovah and against his anointed one [his Christ], saying: ‘Let us tear their bands apart and cast their cords away from us!’ The very One sitting in the heavens will laugh; Jehovah himself will hold them in derision. At that time he will speak to them in his anger and in his hot displeasure he will disturb them, saying: ‘I, even I, have installed my king upon Zion, my holy mountain.’ 6 “Let me refer to the decree of Jehovah; he has said to me [Christ]: ‘You are my son; I, today, I have become your father. [Psalm 2:7 was fulfilled when Jehovah resurrected his Son from the dead, thus becoming an everlasting Father to Jesus. (Romans 1:4)] Ask of me, that I may give nations as your inheritance and the ends of the earth as your own possession. You will break them with an iron scepter, as though a potter’s vessel you will dash them to pieces.’ And now, O kings, exercise insight; let yourselves be corrected, O judges of the earth. Serve Jehovah with fear and be joyful with trembling. Kiss the son, that He may not become incensed and you may not perish from the way, for his anger flares up easily. Happy are all those taking refuge in him.” 7. What reference to Psalm 2 did the apostles of Jesus Christ make after the day of Pentecost? 7 According to Acts 4:24-27, the apostles of Jesus Christ referred to this second psalm after the day of Pentecost, 33 C.E.: “They with one accord raised their voices to God and said: ‘Sovereign Lord, you are the One who made the heaven and the earth and the sea and all the things in them, and who through holy spirit said by the mouth of our forefather David, your servant, “Why did nations become tumultuous and peoples meditate upon empty things? The kings of the earth took their stand and the rulers massed together as one against Jehovah and against his anointed one.” Even so, both Herod and Pontius Pilate with men of nations and with peoples of Israel were in actuality gathered together in this city against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed.’” Major Fulfillment of Psalm 2 8. (a) When did the first fulfillment of Psalm 2:1, 2 take place? (b) Since when has the major fulfillment of Psalm 2 been taking place? 8 The year 33 of the first century saw the first fulfillment of those prophetic words of Psalm 2:1, 2. This was in connection with the man Jesus Christ on earth. He had been anointed with Jehovah’s holy spirit at the time of his baptism by John the Baptizer. But the major fulfillment of Psalm 2 has been taking place since the end of the Gentile Times in the year 1914. (Luke 21:24) It has been amply verified that “the appointed times of the nations,” which began at the first destruction of the city of Jerusalem in 607 B.C.E., ended in the year 1914.a Then the death knell sounded for the nations of this world, including those of Christendom. 9. What happened at the first destruction of Jerusalem with regard to the Kingdom of God as represented by the royal line of King David? 9 At the first destruction of Jerusalem, by the Babylonians, the Kingdom of Jehovah God over the nation of Israel, as represented by the royal line of King David, came to an end. Since then, the natural Jews have not had a king over them in the line of the royal house of David. But the Kingdom of the Most High God in the hands of a descendant of David, with whom Jehovah made a covenant for an everlasting Kingdom in his line, was not to lie prone on earth forever. 10, 11. (a) What did God through his prophet Ezekiel say with regard to the throne of David? (b) Who came with “the legal right” to David’s throne? (c) What did the crowd of Jews say when he presented himself as the legal heir? 10 To the king of ancient Jerusalem, shortly before its first destruction, Jehovah caused his prophet Ezekiel to direct these words: “As for you, O deadly wounded, wicked chieftain of Israel, whose day has come in the time of the error of the end, this is what the Sovereign Lord Jehovah has said, ‘Remove the turban, and lift off the crown. This will not be the same. Put on high even what is low, and bring low even the high one. A ruin, a ruin, a ruin I shall make it. As for this also, it will certainly become no one’s until he comes who has the legal right, and I must give it to him.’”—Ezekiel 21:25-27. 11 The one with “the legal right” came in the person of Jesus Christ, and his line of descent from David is recorded at Matthew 1:1-16 and Luke 3:23-31. He was generally addressed as “the Son of David.” On the day of his triumphal ride into Jerusalem, mounted on an ass in fulfillment of prophecy, the exulting crowd of Jews that accompanied him and his apostles cried out jubilantly: “Save, we pray, the Son of David! Blessed is he that comes in Jehovah’s name! Save him, we pray, in the heights above!”—Matthew 21:9. “The Son of David” Is Enthroned in Heaven 12. When the Gentile Times ended in 1914, where was Jesus Christ, as David’s permanent heir, enthroned? 12 The 2,520 years for the Gentiles to be treading underfoot the Kingdom of God in the hands of the house of David ended in 1914. Then came the time for Jesus Christ, “the Son of David,” to be enthroned, not down here on an earthly throne, but in the highest heavens at the right hand of Jehovah God!—Daniel 7:9, 10, 13, 14. 13. (a) Since what date was the year 1914 pointed forward to as the end of the Gentile Times, and by whom? (b) What was the attitude of the nations of the earth toward the newly enthroned “Son of David”? 13 That momentous date had been pointed forward to since 1876 by those who became associated with the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. But the nations of the earth, even those of Christendom, refused to recognize it as the time for them to turn over their earthly sovereignties to the newly enthroned “Son of David.” They did not acknowledge that he held the God-given right to sovereignty over the whole earth, which is Jehovah God’s footstool. (Matthew 5:35) They signalized their flagrant rejection of the rightful King by engaging in the first world war. 14. (a) With the outbreak of World War I, what attitude did the nations manifest toward those Christians associated with the Watch Tower Society? (b) In view of this, what does the worldwide situation signify? 14 In all the warring nations, the dedicated Christians who were associated with the Watch Tower Society came under tremendous pressure to abandon their resolve to keep free from bloodguilt. They did not then understand to the fullest degree the requirement for Christian neutrality. The prophecy of “the Son of David,” Jesus Christ, to his disciples regarding “the conclusion of the system of things” came painfully true: “You will be objects of hatred by all the nations on account of my name.” (Matthew 24:9) This hatred has not abated since the end of World War I. In view of these meaningful facts of modern history, what does the worldwide situation signify? This: The “Prince of Peace” rules amid enemies who are right here on earth! 15. What happened to Satan the Devil and his demon hordes when warfare broke out in heaven, and by what year must the results have been conclusive? 15 The Almighty God brought the promised Messianic Kingdom to birth at his appointed time in spite of all the enemies that were on hand in heaven and on earth. Revelation 12:1-9 shows that after the birth of ‘the man-child’ Kingdom in the heavens from the womb of Jehovah’s wifelike organization, as it were, warfare promptly broke out in heaven itself. The holy heavens were no longer the place for the symbolic dragon, Satan the Devil, and his demonic angels. In this warfare, unseen to human eyes, the royally empowered “Son of David” fought victoriously and ejected Satan the Devil and his demon hordes from the heavens and confined them to the vicinity of our earthly globe. This debasement of the satanic forces was evidently fully accomplished by 1918, the year when World War I came to an end. Demoted, the Devil Wages War 16, 17. (a) Against whom does the demoted Satan the Devil wage warfare? (b) Whom does he use to carry on this warfare? 16 The demoted Satan the Devil, the symbolic dragon, is now especially wrathful toward the wifelike organization of Jehovah God. (Revelation 12:17) Thus he viciously wages warfare upon the spirit-begotten remnant of dedicated Christians who have the evidence that she is their spiritual mother.—Galatians 4:26. 17 Satan also wages war on the “other sheep,” who obediently work with the anointed remnant in bearing witness to the Kingdom’s birth. (John 10:16) He not only uses his demoted demon forces, now in the vicinity of the earth, but also employs the visible part of his organization to carry on this warfare against the remnant and the “other sheep.” 18. (a) Though the Devil viciously wages war against the anointed remnant and their companions, what protective force do they have? (b) What aspect of the rule of the “Prince of Peace” nears its end? 18 The rule of the “Prince of Peace” amid his enemies down here at the earth nears its close. He has taken excellent care of the situation. Day and night his loyal holy angels stand at attention, ready to receive royal orders from him and to act upon them with dispatch. They serve as a protective force for the anointed remnant and their companions, the “great crowd” of “other sheep,” as these continue to serve the Kingdom interests during this fast-diminishing time when the “Prince of Peace” rules amid his enemies.—Revelation 7:9. [Footnotes] a For details, see the book You Can Live Forever in Paradise on Earth, pages 138-41, published by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
God’s Kingdom Has Approached (ka) 1973	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ka	Chapter 8 What to Expect When the Millennial Judgment Day Ends 1. Why will it be nothing extraordinary to expect that during the thousand years that Satan is abyssed earth’s inhabitants will learn righteousness? FOR the thousand years of the imprisonment of Satan the Devil in the abyss there will be world wide the judgments from God for the earth and its inhabitants. The heavenly judges will render decisions and act for Jehovah God. The princely representatives on earth will do likewise. They will conduct themselves as judges whom King Jehoshaphat of Jerusalem stationed throughout the land to bring the people back to God. Jehoshaphat said to them: “See what you are doing, because it is not for man that you judge but it is for Jehovah; and he is with you in the matter of judgment. And now let the dread of Jehovah [not of man] come to be upon you. Be careful and act, for with Jehovah our God there is no unrighteousness or partiality or taking of a bribe.” (2 Chronicles 19:4-7) With such heavenly judges and their judicial princes on the earth it is nothing too extraordinary to expect that the inhabitants of the productive Paradise land will learn righteousness, all together for a thousand years.—Isaiah 26:9. 2, 3. (a) Through David, Jesus was the Descendant of what Bethlehemite, and so Isaiah compares Jesus at his earthly start to what with reference to that one? (b) A spirit with what qualities will rest upon him, and how will he judge? 2 What a qualified, reliable Chief Judge all mankind will have in the “new heavens” during all that Judgment Day of ten centuries! Glowing with warmth is the prophetic description of the Judge as given by Isaiah in the eighth century before our Common Era. This foretold Judge is the Lord Jesus Christ, the Messianic Descendant of King David the son of Jesse of Bethlehem. Could Jehovah God provide and appoint a better judge to straighten out human affairs and to see that the people get justice and that righteousness is forever established in the earth? Give all due attention, then, as the prophet under inspiration tells of the qualities of this future Judge who descended from the Bethlehemite Jesse through King David. Comparing this Descendant at his earthly start to a small twig that grows out of the trunk of a cut-down tree, Isaiah prophesies: 3 “And there must go forth a twig out of the stump of Jesse; and out of his roots a sprout will be fruitful. And upon him the spirit of Jehovah must settle down, the spirit of wisdom and of understanding, the spirit of counsel and of mightiness, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of Jehovah; and there will be enjoyment by him in the fear of Jehovah. And he will not judge by any mere appearance to his eyes, nor reprove simply according to the thing heard by his ears. And with righteousness he must judge the lowly ones, and with uprightness he must give reproof in behalf of the meek ones of the earth. And he must strike the earth with the rod of his mouth; and with the spirit of his lips he will put the wicked one to death. And righteousness must prove to be the belt of his hips, and faithfulness the belt of his loins.”—Isaiah 11:1-5. 4. (a) In the fear of whom will he judge mankind? (b) How will he become more than a mere “twig” or “sprout” out of the “stump of Jesse” and not be a disappointment or irritation? 4 This Chief Judge takes an actual delight, finds a real enjoyment in fearing Jehovah, so that he will without fail do his judging for Jehovah and not for man. So he is only God-fearing in making his decisions, not man-fearing. Surely he must be wise due to this wholesome fear of the one living and true God, Jehovah. He did not remain like a mere “twig” or “sprout” out of the firmly rooted “stump of Jesse,” but grew up into a stalwart “big tree” of heavenly royalty, as the Greater David the Son of the Living Jehovah. (Isaiah 61:3; compare Ezekiel 17:22-24.) Upon this exalted one in his royal majestic position the mighty spirit of Jehovah rests, endowing him with knowledge, understanding and wisdom so much needed for his responsible office. Consequently, as the King enthroned at the right hand of God he will be a credit to Jehovah; and as a divinely appointed Judge, he will not be a disappointment or an irritation to earth’s inhabitants. 5. In favor of strict justice, how will he show himself impartial and discerning, even more so than Solomon as judge? 5 Justice will be established in the earth. The heavenly Judge will exercise greater discernment than did his prototype King Solomon, who rendered such splendid decisions, such as in the stiff case submitted to him by the two harlots. They both disowned a dead child and laid claim to a live child. Concerning Solomon’s unique way of bringing the true mother of the live child to the fore, it is written: “And all Israel got to hear of the judicial decision that the king had handed down; and they became fearful because of the king, for they saw that the wisdom of God was within him to execute judicial decision.” (1 Kings 3:16-28) In like manner the Greater Solomon will not judge according to the surface appearance of things nor according to mere hearsay, but will see to it that the true facts are unearthed and that the true account is reported, to the end that a just decision may be rendered and executed. He will not favor the high ones as against the lowly ones, nor the arrogant ones as against the meek ones. 6. How will he, by his procedures in the “great tribulation,” show that his thousand years of judgeship will be righteous? 6 In order to show what his thousand years of judgeship promises to be, this Judge so filled with the spirit of Jehovah will show himself to be a Liberator of the lowly and meek ones in the coming “great tribulation” that culminates in the “war of the great day of God the Almighty” at Har–Magedon. (Matthew 24:21; Revelation 7:14; 16:14, 16) His orders and directions to his heavenly armies will be like a “rod” out of his mouth, for, in fulfillment of what he says as Commander, the ‘old earth’ of unrighteousness will be struck and broken to pieces. The lips of his mouth will be moved by the spirit of Jehovah and will express his attitude and feeling toward the wicked ones on earth, and these will accordingly be put to death. Our whole earthly globe will be cleansed of the lofty, arrogant, wicked ones. And, of course, the unseen ruler of these, Satan, will be chained and abyssed. 7, 8. (a) For the good of mankind, how will it be as if the Judge were belted with righteousness and girded with faithfulness? (b) What effects will this have upon mankind in producing changes in them? 7 Of a truth, mankind has nothing to expect of the millennial judgeship of Jehovah’s appointed Judge, Jesus Christ, but righteousness and faithfulness to their interests. It will be as if this heavenly Judge is belted, sustained by righteousness, as if he girdles himself for the work of righteousness. Yes, it is as if he belts, girds himself with the quality of faithfulness, or girdles himself in support of the faithful care for the interests of the people whom he judges according to God’s standards. Oh, what peace and tranquillity this will result in for the earth! What altering there will be of attitudes of persons toward one another, what a changing of personalities for the good of others! This is delightfully pictured in the prophetic words of Isaiah, as he says: 8 “And righteousness must prove to be the belt of his hips, and faithfulness the belt of his loins. And the wolf will actually reside for a while with the male lamb, and with the kid the leopard itself will lie down, and the calf and the maned young lion and the well-fed animal all together; and a mere little boy will be leader over them. And the cow and the bear themselves will feed; together their young ones will lie down. And even the lion will eat straw just like the bull. And the sucking child will certainly play upon the hole of the cobra; and upon the light aperture of a poisonous snake will a weaned child actually put his own hand. They will not do any harm or cause any ruin in all my holy mountain; because the earth will certainly be filled with the knowledge of Jehovah as the waters are covering the very sea.”—Isaiah 11:5-9. PERSONALITY TRANSFORMATIONS 9. Since when, and upon whom, have such transformations of personal characteristics been brought about by God’s spirit? 9 Imagine the human personalities that are likened to the wolf, the leopard, the bear, the maned young lion, the cobra, the poisonous snake! There have been many people with suchlike personalities who have responded finally to the message of God’s kingdom and who have changed their personalities so that they could get along with other persons who are meek and inoffensive like the lamb, the kid, the little boy, the sucking child or the weaned child. Ever since the outpouring of God’s holy spirit through Christ upon the Christian congregation when gathered together on the Festival Day of Pentecost of 33 C.E., the spirit of God has been working to transform members of the congregation to be Christlike. As a consequence the faithful members of the congregation have been able to put up with one another and to get along together, even though formerly they could be likened in personality to those dreaded wild animals. (Acts 2:1-33) True to Isaiah’s prophecy, they have done no harm to fellow Christians nor caused any ruin to the congregation in the “holy mountain” of Jehovah’s worship. 10. (a) Upon whom else, besides the 144,000 associate judges of Christ, have such personality transformations been wrought? (b) How will this transformation result favorably toward them at the start of Christ’s millennial judgeship? 10 This personality transformation has taken place not only with those who finally make up the 144,000 associate judges of the Chief Judge Jesus Christ, but also with the numberless “great crowd” of worshipers of Jehovah who are today being gathered together from all nations, tribes, peoples and languages. These prospective inhabiters of the earthly Paradise are assured of God’s protection during the “great tribulation” and will be preserved through it into the divine new order under the millennial judgeship of Jesus Christ. (Revelation 7:9-17) Naturally they will carry their transformed personalities directly into the divine new order. This will result to them very favorably, for they will be the “living” toward whom the heavenly Judge Jesus Christ will begin expressing his millennial judgments. (2 Timothy 4:1) Under such circumstances fear of harm and ruin will be gone from the “holy mountain” of Jehovah’s worship. They already know Jehovah, and so with these survivors all around the globe the earth will indeed be filled with the knowledge of Jehovah. But this knowledge will increase. 11. What did God assure the eight deluge survivors regarding the lower earthly creatures, and how will this have a modern counterpart? 11 At this juncture, we remember what was said to the eight human survivors of the deluge of Noah’s day, after they came out of the ark and offered sacrifice to God. Jehovah said to them: “And a fear of you and a terror of you will continue upon every living creature of the earth and upon every flying creature of the heavens, upon everything that goes moving on the ground, and upon all the fishes of the sea. Into your hand they are now given.” (Genesis 9:2) May this not have its modern counterpart? As the coming “great tribulation” will be directed against ungodly humans of the earth, it will not kill off the land animals, birds and fishes of the sea. It is reasonable to expect that God will put upon those lower earthly creatures any lost measure of fear and dread of human creatures, who will be commissioned to convert the ruined earth into a Paradise. Certainly since God by his spirit was able to transform beastly personalities into Christian personalities among the 144,000 and the “great crowd” of today, he will be able to do something similar in the case of the wild animals. For a fact, they will do no injury to Jehovah’s worshipers in the earth. 12, 13. (a) Back in the original Paradise, what was the attitude of man and woman toward the lower earthly creatures? (b) What kind of relationship will there be between the lower earthly creatures themselves, in more than a figurative way? 12 In accordance with this, we can look for the charming description of animal life as set out in Isaiah 11:6-9 to have a literal fulfillment with the birds, fishes and land creatures of earth during the millennial reign of the Prince of Peace, the Son of the Greater Jesse, Jehovah God. Away back in the original Paradise of Pleasure or Garden of Eden, the woman Eve did not have any fear of the serpent, not fleeing from it when it was made to speak to her. (Genesis 3:1-4) Before this, Adam had had the wild animals and the flying creatures brought before him and he named them, manifesting no fear of them. (Genesis 2:19, 20) That Edenic condition of freedom of fear of the lower creatures of the earth and security from harm by them will be reintroduced in the restored Paradise. 13 Also, these land animals, flying creatures and fish will be at peace among themselves as well as with man. It would be inconsistent for God to inspire such a prophecy as that of Isaiah 11:6-9, and Ezekiel 34:25 and Hosea 2:18 to have only a figurative or spiritual meaning and not have a true copy of these things in actual life, as though the literal fulfillment were an impossible ideal. 14. However, what is more important than the taming of the lower earthly creatures, and why? 14 However, the taming of the animal, bird and fish creation is not the main objective. Such earthly creatures existed long before mankind did. It is mankind’s continued existence on earth that is in question or at stake. All descendants from Adam and Eve were born sinners and so have fallen “short of the glory of God.” (Romans 3:23) In many cases humans have taken on, not godly qualities, but qualities of now ferocious wild beasts. So mankind needs to be brought back to that “glory of God,” so as to prove worthy of everlasting life to the praise of God the Creator. The members of the human family need to be brought together into peaceful, harmless relations with one another, doing justice and righteousness perfectly. This is what the thousand-year judgeship of Jesus Christ will bring about. 15. How will the heavenly judges over mankind bring about that the rate of wrongdoing goes down as the rate of population goes up? 15 At present, the crime rate of men is increasing at a rate faster than that of the growth of earth’s population. In strong contrast with this, during the millennium earth’s population will regularly increase because of the resurrection of the dead, of the “righteous” and the “unrighteous.” And yet the rate of wrongdoing will decrease till at last it reaches the vanishing point. Why so? Because the heavenly judges over mankind will be absolutely righteous and will teach all mankind true righteousness according to God’s standards. As an aid in this direction, “the earth will certainly be filled with the knowledge of Jehovah as the waters are covering the very sea.” (Isaiah 11:9) Only the worship of Him will be permitted in this theocratic millennium. Mankind will be brought to the earthly courtyards of Jehovah’s “true tent,” his spiritual temple. There they will be made to know the truth of what Jesus said in prayer to his heavenly Father: “This means everlasting life, their taking in knowledge of you, the only true God, and of the one whom you sent forth, Jesus Christ.”—John 17:3; Hebrews 8:2. 16. (a) In view of what results will Christ’s millennial judgeship not fail of its purpose? (b) Why will Christ not bestow eternal life in Paradise upon restored mankind? 16 The millennial Judgment Day will not fail of its purpose. By the time of its end all the willing and obedient will have been trained in true justice and righteousness to perfection. Their physical and mental infirmities inherited from Adam and Eve will be done away with. They are now capable in all respects to measure up to God’s absolute standards of righteousness, in themselves. Does Jesus Christ as the Chief Judge now bestow upon them the right to eternal life in a peaceful earth all glorious in paradisaic beauty? No! In this regard he does not act for God, for he knows that it is written: “God is the One who declares them righteous.” (Romans 8:33) What, then, does God’s Judge do?
Young People Ask, Volume 1 (yp1) 2011	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/yp1	CHAPTER 28 Why Don’t Girls Like Me? I’m really impressing her. I’ve told her all about myself—the things I own, the places I’ve been, the people I know. She must be dying to date me! I wish the ground would open and swallow me up! Can’t he take a hint? How can I end this conversation without being rude? YOU’RE old enough to date. You’d like to find someone who is attractive and who shares your religious beliefs. (1 Corinthians 7:39) In the past, though, each time you tried to start a relationship, you felt as though you crashed and burned. What went wrong? Are girls looking only for the best-looking boys? “Some muscles on him can’t hurt,” admits a girl named Lisa. Still, most girls are looking for something more. “The good-looking boys don’t always have substance,” says 18-year-old Carrie. What’s involved in having “substance”? If you’d like to get to know a girl better, what factors do you need to consider? And what Bible principles would you do well to remember? What to Do First Before you decide to pursue your interest in a particular girl, there are some basic skills you need to master, and these will help you to be friends with anyone. Consider the following. ● Cultivate good manners. The Bible says that “love is not ill-mannered.” (1 Corinthians 13:5, Today’s English Version) Good manners show that you respect others and that you’re developing a mature, Christlike personality. However, good manners aren’t like a suit you wear to impress others but take off when you get home. Ask yourself, ‘Do I display good manners when dealing with my family members?’ If not, then it will seem forced when you do so while interacting with others outside your home. Remember, to find out the type of person you really are, a discerning girl will look at the way you treat members of your family.—Ephesians 6:1, 2. What girls say: “I definitely find it attractive if a boy displays good manners both in small things, like opening the door for me, and larger things, like being kind and considerate not only to me but also to my family.”—Tina. “I am put off when I’ve just met someone but he asks questions that are too personal, such as ‘Are you dating?’ and ‘What are your goals?’ It’s rude and makes me squirm!”—Kathy. “I find it disrespectful when boys think they can play with our emotions, as if our feelings don’t matter and we are all so desperate to get married that we want them to take pity on us.”—Alexis. ● Maintain your personal hygiene. Good hygiene shows respect not only for others but also for yourself. (Matthew 7:12) If you respect yourself, others are more likely to respect you. On the other hand, if you let your hygiene slide, you’ll sabotage your efforts to impress a girl. What girls say: “One boy who was interested in me had really bad breath. I just couldn’t get past that.”—Kelly. ● Cultivate conversation skills. The basis of a lasting relationship is good communication. You discuss not only your interests but also the interests of your friend. (Philippians 2:3, 4) You really listen to what she has to say and you value her opinions. What girls say: “I’m impressed when a boy can converse with me naturally—when he can remember things I told him and can ask questions that keep the conversation moving.”—Christine. “I think that boys are attracted to what they see, but girls are more attracted to what they hear.”—Laura. “Gifts are great. But if a boy can hold a good conversation, if he can comfort and encourage you with his words . . . Wow! That’s attractive.”—Amy. “I know one young man who is polite and never overly familiar. We can actually have meaningful conversations without his saying things like, ‘You smell really good’ or ‘You look very cute today.’ He really listens to what I say, and that would make any girl feel good.”—Beth. “I would definitely want to get to know someone better if he had a sense of humor but could also talk about more serious things without sounding fake.”—Kelly. ● Be responsible. The Bible says: “We each must carry our own load.” (Galatians 6:5, Contemporary English Version) Girls won’t be attracted to a young man who can’t hold down a job because he is lazy or because he spends too much time at play. What girls say: “I wish some boys would take on more responsibility. It’s a definite turn-off when they don’t. It doesn’t give a good impression.”—Carrie. “Some boys don’t have their goals straight. If they’re interested in a girl, they find out what her goals are and they say, ‘Wow, that’s what I want to do!’ But their present actions prove the opposite.”—Beth. Being responsible, as illustrated above, will help you to enjoy good friendships. However, once you feel that you are ready to start a serious relationship with a particular girl, what should you do? The Next Step ● Take the initiative. If you think a friend whom you admire might make a good marriage mate, let her know you are interested in her. Be clear and forthright in declaring your feelings. Yes, it can be nerve-racking. You fear rejection. But your being willing to take the initiative is a sign that you have grown up. One caution, though: This isn’t a marriage proposal. So be discerning. An overly somber or overly earnest approach may intimidate a girl rather than attract her. What girls say: “I can’t read minds. So if someone wanted to get to know me better, he would have to be honest and straightforward and just tell me.”—Nina. “It could be an awkward transition if you’ve been friends for a while. But I’d respect someone if he simply said that he would like to get to know me as more than just a friend.”—Helen. ● Respect the girl’s decision. What if your friend says that she doesn’t want a more serious relationship with you? Dignify her by believing that she knows her own heart and that her no means no. It betrays a lack of maturity if you make a pest of yourself. Really, if you ignore a girl’s explicit rejection of your attention—even becoming provoked by her rebuff—are you really thinking of her interests or your own?—1 Corinthians 13:11. What girls say: “It irritates me when I say a definite no to a boy but he keeps on trying.”—Colleen. “I explained to one boy that I wasn’t interested in him, but he kept pressuring me for my phone number. I wanted to be nice. After all, it probably wasn’t easy for him to work up the nerve to express his feelings. But eventually I had to be very firm with him.”—Sarah. What Not to Do Some young men feel that they have little trouble getting girls to like them. They may even compete with their peers to show who can grab the attention of the most girls. However, such competition is cruel and will earn you a bad reputation. (Proverbs 20:11) You can avoid that outcome if you keep the following in mind. ● Don’t flirt. A flirt uses flattering speech and provocative body language. He has no intention of pursuing an honorable romantic relationship. Such actions and attitudes ignore the Bible’s counsel to treat “younger women as sisters with all chasteness.” (1 Timothy 5:2) Flirts make poor friends and worse marriage mates. Discerning girls know that. What girls say: “I think it’s very unattractive when someone flatters you but you know that he has said the same things to your friend just last month.”—Helen. “This cute boy once started flirting with me, talking mainly about himself. When another girl joined our group, he did the same with her. Then a third girl joined our group, and he used the same lines on her. It was ugly!”—Tina. ● Don’t toy with a girl’s feelings. Don’t expect that friendship with a member of the opposite sex will operate according to the same rules as friendship with a member of the same sex. Why? Consider: If you remarked that a male friend looked good in his new suit or you regularly talked to that friend and confided in him, it is unlikely that he would think that you are romantically attracted to him. But if you compliment a girl on her appearance or you regularly talk to her and confide in her, she may well think that you have a romantic interest in her. What girls say: “I just don’t think boys understand that they can’t treat girls the same way that they treat their male friends.”—Sheryl. “A boy will get my phone number, and then I get a text message from him. So, . . . what does that mean? Sometimes you can have a text-messaging relationship and get emotionally attached, but how much can you say in a text message?”—Mallory. “I don’t think a boy realizes how quickly a girl can become emotionally involved, especially if he is caring and easy to talk to. It’s not that she’s desperate. I just think that most girls want to fall in love and that they always have an eye out for ‘Mr. Right.’”—Alison. READ MORE ABOUT THIS TOPIC IN VOLUME 2, CHAPTER 3 IN OUR NEXT CHAPTERHow can you tell the difference between love and infatuation? KEY SCRIPTURE “Put on the new personality which was created according to God’s will in true righteousness and loyalty.”—Ephesians 4:24. TIP Ask a few mature adults what skill they think is most important for a young man to develop, and determine whether this is an area you need to work on. DID YOU KNOW . . . ? How you look on the outside is less important than what you are on the inside. ACTION PLAN! One area in which I could become more mannerly is ․․․․․ To improve my conversation skills, I will ․․․․․ What I would like to ask my parent(s) about this subject is ․․․․․ WHAT DO YOU THINK? ● How can you show that you respect yourself? ● How can you show that you respect a girl’s thoughts and feelings? [Blurb on page 198] “Boys think that to attract girls they have to dress a certain way or have a certain look. While this is true to some degree, I think that many girls are more attracted to positive personality traits.”—Kate [Picture on page 197] Good manners aren’t like a suit you wear to impress others but take off when you get home
Climate Change and Our Future—What the Bible Says	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/501100034	Climate Change and Our Future—What the Bible Says “The climate disaster is here. Earth is already becoming unlivable.”—The Guardian. Mankind faces a crisis of its own making. Most scientists agree that human activity is responsible for global warming. This rise in temperature has already changed the climate and brought disastrous consequences. These include the following: More frequent and intense weather events, such as heat waves, droughts, and storms, which in turn cause more floods and wildfires. Melting glaciers and Arctic ice. Rising sea levels. The climate crisis has affected every corner of the earth. After documenting conditions in 193 countries, a New York Times report stated: “The planet is sending an SOS.” Because of the death and suffering climate change has caused, the World Health Organization has called it the “single biggest health threat facing humanity.” However, we have reason to look to the future with hope. The Bible foretold the events that we see happening today, as well as why we can expect God to act and what he will do to protect our future. Does climate change fulfill Bible prophecy? Yes. The climate crisis caused by global warming fits events the Bible foretold for our time. Prophecy: God will “destroy those who are destroying the earth.”—Revelation 11:18, footnote. The Bible foretold a time when human actions would bring the earth to the brink of ruin. As a result of global warming, people today are ruining the planet on an unprecedented scale. This prophecy indicates one reason why we cannot expect humans to save the earth. Note that God will step in while people “are destroying the earth.” Whatever progress well-intentioned people make in the fight against climate change, it will not be enough to keep mankind from ruining the earth. Prophecy: “There will be fearful sights.”—Luke 21:11. The Bible foretold that “fearful sights,” or terrifying events, would occur in our day. Climate change has generated terrifying weather events around the globe. Today, some people suffer from eco-anxiety—a chronic fear of environmental doom. Prophecy: “In the last days critical times hard to deal with will be here. For men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, . . . disloyal, . . . not open to any agreement, . . . betrayers, headstrong.”—2 Timothy 3:1-4. The Bible foretold the traits and behavior that have created the climate crises. Governments and businesses put economic interests first and betray the interests of future generations. Even when they attempt to work together, they cannot agree on the steps needed to stop global warming. This prophecy indicates that we should not expect that people in general will change their actions and protect the earth. Rather, the Bible states that people displaying selfish qualities would “advance from bad to worse.”—2 Timothy 3:13. Why we can be certain that God will act The Bible reveals that Jehovaha God, our Creator, is committed to our planet and those who inhabit it. Consider just three Bible verses that indicate that God will act. 1. God “did not create [the earth] simply for nothing, but formed it to be inhabited.”—Isaiah 45:18. God will accomplish his purpose for the earth. (Isaiah 55:11) He will not let it be destroyed or become uninhabitable. 2. “The meek will possess the earth, and they will find exquisite delight in the abundance of peace. The righteous will possess the earth, and they will live forever on it.”—Psalm 37:11, 29. God promises that humans will live on the earth forever under peaceful conditions. 3. “As for the wicked, they will be cut off from the earth.”—Proverbs 2:22. God promises to remove those who persist in wickedness, including those who ruin the earth. What God will do for our future How will God fulfill his promises for the earth? He will do so by means of a worldwide government known as God’s Kingdom. (Matthew 6:10) That Kingdom will rule from heaven. It will not have to negotiate with human governments on issues involving the earth and its environment. Rather, God’s Kingdom will replace human governments.—Daniel 2:44. God’s Kingdom is good news for all mankind and for the natural world. (Psalm 96:10-13) Consider what Jehovah God will do by means of his Kingdom. Restore the environment What the Bible says: “The wilderness and the parched land will exult, and the desert plain will be joyful and blossom as the saffron.”—Isaiah 35:1. What it means for our future: Jehovah will heal the planet, even places that have been severely damaged by humans. Control extreme weather What the Bible says: “[Jehovah] calms the windstorm; the waves of the sea grow quiet.”—Psalm 107:29. What it means for our future: Jehovah has the power to control the elements. People will no longer suffer from extreme weather. Teach good stewardship of the earth What the Bible says: “I will give you insight and instruct you in the way you should go.”—Psalm 32:8. What it means for our future: Jehovah gave humans the responsibility to care for the earth. (Genesis 1:28; 2:15) He will teach us how best to fulfill this role as good stewards of his creation, living in harmony with nature. a Jehovah is the personal name of God. (Psalm 83:18) See the article “Who Is Jehovah?” Does the Bible say that global warming will cause the earth to be burned up by fire? Some people connect global warming with what the Bible says about the earth being “reserved for fire.” (2 Peter 3:7) However, the context shows that this Bible verse does not refer to the literal earth or literal fire. To learn more, see the article “Will the Earth Be Destroyed?”
From Our Readers	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101982009	From Our Readers DEPRESSION Thank you, thank you! Thank you for the articles on depression. I am certain that this issue will literally save lives. How wonderful it was to read about others suffering the same destructive pattern of thinking and yet to have a sympathetic treatment of the subject; not just being told we have lost our faith or should just be able easily to change our thinking habits! I am truly looking forward to the coming issue that will discuss various methods of treatment. S. F., Missouri Thank you so much for publishing this excellent series of articles on depression. Having suffered from severe depression in past years, I could especially appreciate the informative, positive and understanding way the subject was handled. The many fine suggestions given to the victims of depression as well as to their friends and families are certain to help those facing this problem. I also very much appreciated the practical suggestions on how to prevent depression. S. B., Ohio I am 24 years old and over the last 10 years I have had many periods of depression. I thought of suicide many times. I really appreciate the part about how others can help because, as was mentioned, when a person is depressed he often speaks and behaves in ways that others can’t understand. And then to have someone tell the person that he is just looking for attention or pity really makes him feel worthless. I’ve gone through most of my life with low esteem and negative thoughts but now I feel as if my life is taking on new shape and that I have a chance really to feel happy. D. M., Illinois TREATMENT OF ANIMALS Why do you not enlighten your readers as to the wretched death that animals are subjected to by so-called experiments? Why do the religious organizations show so little interest in what man is doing to the animals? Is this allowed in your religion, tolerated? Can man do whatever he wants to with the animals entrusted to his care? Where is man’s responsibility toward animals? Would this not be a subject for your magazine? I. S., Germany We agree that man has a serious responsibility to give proper care to the animals. Proverbs 12:10 states: “The righteous one is caring for the soul of his domestic animal, but the mercies of the wicked ones are cruel.” We have treated aspects of this subject from time to time and will do so in the future. See “Awake!” of March 22, 1980; June 22, 1980, and November 22, 1981.—ED. CARPET YIELD I read some time ago in “Watching the World” that a London jeweler had his workroom carpet refined and got a rather high yield. So we got to talking about this and decided to try it also. Sure enough! That month of July our business was in the hole $7,000. And guess what we got out of the carpet? $7,600. I never would have done it if I hadn’t read about it in “Awake!” G. C., Georgia
Scriptures for Christian Living (scl) 2023	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/scl	Humility How does Jehovah view humble ones and haughty ones? Ps 138:6; Pr 15:25; 16:18, 19; 22:4; 1Pe 5:5 See also Pr 29:23; Isa 2:11, 12 Relevant Bible account(s): 2Ch 26:3-5, 16-21—King Uzziah becomes haughty; he breaks God’s Law and becomes enraged when counseled; he is stricken with leprosy by God Lu 18:9-14—Jesus uses an illustration to explain how Jehovah feels about the prayers of the haughty and of the humble How does Jehovah respond to humble, heartfelt repentance? 2Ch 7:13, 14; Ps 51:2-4, 17 Relevant Bible account(s): 2Ch 12:5-7—King Rehoboam and the princes of Judah humble themselves before Jehovah, averting disaster 2Ch 32:24-26—Good King Hezekiah becomes haughty, but Jehovah forgives him when he humbles himself How does showing humility help us improve our relationships with others? Eph 4:1, 2; Php 2:3; Col 3:12, 13 Relevant Bible account(s): Ge 33:3, 4—Jacob shows extraordinary humility in greeting his formerly hostile brother, Esau, leading to peace between them Jg 8:1-3—Judge Gideon humbly tells the men of Ephraim that they are superior to him, defusing their anger and averting conflict How did Jesus Christ teach the value of humility? Mt 18:1-5; 23:11, 12; Mr 10:41-45 Relevant Bible account(s): Isa 53:7; Php 2:7, 8—As prophesied, Jesus humbly accepts his earthly assignment and even submits to a painful and humiliating death Lu 14:7-11—Jesus uses the seating arrangements at a feast to illustrate the practical value of humility Joh 13:3-17—Jesus sets the pattern for his followers by humbly doing the lowly job of washing the feet of his apostles How will developing a proper view of ourselves and of others help us to be humble? Ro 12:3, 16; 1Co 4:7; Php 2:3, 4 Why is false humility of no value? Mt 6:16-18; Col 2:18, 23
Young People Ask (yp) 1989	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/yp	Chapter 11 Do My Clothes Reveal the Real Me? “IT’S not too short,” Peggy cried to her parents. “You’re just being old-fashioned!” Off she ran to her room—the grand finale to a quarrel over a skirt she wanted to wear. And perhaps you have been the center of a similar controversy when a parent, a teacher, or an employer criticized some outfit that you loved. You called it casual; they called it sloppy. You called it chic; they called it gaudy or suggestive. Admittedly, tastes vary, and you do have a right to your opinions. But should this mean that ‘anything goes’ when it comes to how you dress? The Right Message? “What you wear,” says a girl named Pam, “is really who you are and how you feel about yourself.” Yes, clothing sends out a message, a statement to others about you. Clothing can whisper conscientiousness, stability, high moral standards. Or it can shout rebellion and disoutput. It can even serve as a form of identification. Some youths use ripped clothing, punk styles, or expensive designer clothes as a type of trademark. Others use clothing to attract the opposite sex or to make themselves appear older than they really are. It is thus easy to see why clothing is so important to many youths. However, John T. Molloy, author of Dress for Success, cautions: “The way we dress has a remarkable impact on the people we meet and greatly affects how they treat us.” No wonder your parents are so concerned about how you dress! To them it is more than an issue of personal taste. They want you to send out the right message, one that projects you as a balanced, responsible person. Does the way you dress, however, accomplish this? What guides your selection of clothes? “I Do Whatever My Friends Want to Do” For many youths, clothing is a statement of their independence and individuality. But as a youth, your personality is still in a state of flux—still developing, still changing. So while you want to make a statement concerning yourself, you may not be too sure what that statement should say or how to say it. Some youths thus adorn themselves in bizarre, outrageous attire. Instead of establishing their ‘individuality,’ however, they are merely calling attention to their immaturity—not to mention embarrassing their parents. Other youths simply choose to dress like their peers; it seems to give them a sense of security and identity with a group. Of course, it’s not necessarily wrong to want to blend in with people. (Compare 1 Corinthians 9:22.) But would a Christian really want to be identified with unbelieving youths? And is it wise to seek peer approval at any cost? One young girl confessed: “I do whatever my friends want to do just so they won’t say something.” But what do you call someone who is at the beck and call of someone else, who gives in to someone else’s whim and fancy? The Bible answers: “Do you not know that if you keep presenting yourselves to anyone . . . to obey him, you are slaves of him because you obey him?”—Romans 6:16. Among young people “the emphasis on compliance can become so strong that group members almost seem to be prisoners of group norms, depending on them [their peers] for advice on how to dress, how to talk, what to do, and even what to think and believe.”—Adolescence: Transition From Childhood to Maturity. But how qualified are your friends to give such advice? (Compare Matthew 15:14.) Are they not suffering the same emotional growing pains that you are? Is it wise, then, meekly to let them set your standards—even when such go against your common sense or the values and the wishes of your parents? “In” Today—“Out” Tomorrow Other youths are guided by the winds of fashion. But how temperamental those winds are! We are reminded of the Bible’s words: “The scene of this world is changing.” (1 Corinthians 7:31) What is “in” today can thus become obsolete tomorrow with astonishing (not to mention expensive) suddenness. Hemlines rise and fall, trouser legs flare and taper, all to the benefit of manufacturers and clothing designers who reap rich profits from an easily manipulated public. Consider, for example, the designer-jean fad of a few years back. Jeans suddenly became high fashion. People paid extravagant prices to be walking billboards bearing such names as Calvin Klein and Gloria Vanderbilt. “People want a name,” explained Eli Kaplan, president of the company manufacturing “Sergio Valente” jeans. Who, though, is this Mr. Valente, whose prestigious name is so conspicuously sewn on jeans’ pockets? “He doesn’t exist,” reported Newsweek. And in explanation Kaplan himself asked: “Who was going to buy Eli Kaplan jeans?” ‘But is it wrong to be in style?’ you might ask. Not necessarily. Servants of God in Bible times attired themselves according to local tastes. For example, the Bible says that Tamar wore a striped robe, “for that was the way the daughters of the king, the virgins, used to dress” in those days.—2 Samuel 13:18. But should one be enslaved to style? One young girl lamented: “You see in a store a great pair of pants that everybody else has and you say, ‘Mom, get me those pants,’ and she says, ‘No, I can make them at home.’ I say, ‘But you don’t understand. I want these pants.’” Really, though, doesn’t your being a pawn of fashion designers strip you of your individuality and obscure the real you? Why should you be controlled by provocative ads, slogans, and designer names? The Bible tells us at Romans 12:2: “Quit being fashioned after this system of things, but be transformed by making your mind over, that you may prove to yourselves the good and acceptable and perfect will of God.” What is the ‘acceptable will of God’ when it comes to your choice of clothing? ‘Modest and Well Arranged’ First Timothy 2:9 encourages Christians to “adorn themselves in well-arranged dress, with modesty and soundness of mind.” “Well-arranged dress” would naturally be neat and clean. “Modesty” takes circumstances into consideration. A well-tailored suit may be appropriate for a job, but it is out of place at the beach! Conversely, a swimsuit would be considered ludicrous in an office. Young witnesses of Jehovah would thus be concerned that what they wear at Christian meetings or in the work of preaching to others is not overly casual but identifies them as young ministers of God. Recall Paul’s words at 2 Corinthians 6:3, 4: “In no way are we giving any cause for stumbling, that our ministry might not be found fault with; but in every way we recommend ourselves as God’s ministers.” Modesty also takes into consideration the feelings of others. As the apostle Paul put it, a Christian’s actions should take into account not only his own conscience “but that of the other person.” (1 Corinthians 10:29) Should you not be particularly concerned with the conscience of your parents? The Benefits of Dressing Appropriately The Bible tells of a time when Queen Esther needed to appear before her husband, the king. However, such an unbidden appearance could be a capital offense! No doubt Esther fervently prayed for God’s help. But she also paid attention to her appearance by “dressing up royally”—in a manner suitable for the occasion! And “as soon as the king saw Esther the queen standing in the courtyard, she gained favor in his eyes.”—Esther 5:1, 2. Your being dressed in an attractive but modest manner might help you to make a good impression at a job interview. Vicki L. Baum, director of a Career Development Center, observes: “Some women get confused when they go for an interview. They think it’s like going on a date, and they look seductive.” The results? “It takes away from your professionalism.” She advises against wearing “things that are tight or suggestive.” Young men, too, should strive to wear well-arranged clothing when job hunting. John T. Molloy notes that businessmen “have their hair combed and their shoes shined. And they expect the same of other men.” Immodest attire, though, can damage your relationships with others. Psychology Today referred to a survey taken among adolescents that showed that “a lowcut top, shorts, tight jeans, or no bra” would likely be interpreted by males as a sexual come-on. One young man confessed: “I personally find it rather hard to think only pure thoughts about younger women when I see the way they dress.” Modest attire allows people to appreciate your inner qualities. If you’re not sure a certain outfit is modest, ask your parents for advice. Dressing Up “the Inner Man” The apostle Peter encouraged Christians to let their adornment be “the secret person of the heart in the incorruptible apparel of the quiet and mild spirit, which is of great value in the eyes of God”—yes, and in the eyes of others! (1 Peter 3:4) Fashionable dress may dazzle some of your peers. But clothes do not win hearts or make real friends. This is accomplished by dressing up “the inner man”—working on the person you are inside. (2 Corinthians 4:16, The Jerusalem Bible) A person who is inwardly beautiful will always be attractive to others, even if his or her clothes are not the latest style or “tattooed” with silly designer labels. Who knows what fad will next send youths stampeding into the stores. You, however, can think for yourself. Hold to high standards of dress. Avoid faddish attire and clothes that stress sexuality. Be on the conservative side, not being the first—nor necessarily the last—to jump on the fashion bandwagon. Look for quality garments that will last—not quickly drop out of fashion. Be sure that your clothes send out the right message, displaying, not some image conjured up by the media or peers, but the real you! Questions for Discussion ◻ How does clothing send out a message? ◻ Why do some youths lean toward the bizarre in their choice of clothes? ◻ How much are you influenced by your peers when it comes to choice of clothing? ◻ What are some disadvantages of always trying to be in style? ◻ What determines if a style is ‘modest and well arranged’? [Blurb on page 94] “What you wear is really who you are and how you feel about yourself” [Picture on page 91] Parents often clash with their children over what they wear. Are the parents simply being old-fashioned? [Picture on page 92] Many youths try to assert their individuality through outlandish attire [Pictures on page 93] Dress in a manner appropriate to the circumstances. Clothing sends out a message about you!
BIBLE VERSES EXPLAINED Isaiah 26:3—“You Will Keep in Perfect Peace Those Whose Minds Are Steadfast”	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502300152	BIBLE VERSES EXPLAINED Isaiah 26:3—“You Will Keep in Perfect Peace Those Whose Minds Are Steadfast” “You will safeguard those who fully lean on you; you will give them continuous peace, because it is in you that they trust.”—Isaiah 26:3, New World Translation. “You will keep in perfect peace those whose minds are steadfast, because they trust in you.”—Isaiah 26:3, New International Version. Meaning of Isaiah 26:3 With these reassuring words, the prophet Isaiah shows that God protects those who fully trust in Him. He does so by helping such ones to feel secure and at peace. “You will safeguard those who fully lean on you.” This part of the verse describes those who are fully resolved in their minds to trust in Jehovaha God at all times. Those who trust God recognize that they need to depend on him. For example, they do not rely on their own thinking when making important decisions. Instead, they take God’s thoughts into account in everything they do. (Proverbs 3:5, 6) They determine God’s view on a matter by carefully reading his Word, the Bible, and by thinking deeply about what they read. (Psalm 1:2; 119:15) When facing challenging situations, they turn to Jehovah in earnest prayer, asking for his help. (Psalm 37:5; 55:22) By doing so, they demonstrate their confidence in God, who in turn gives them peace. “You will give them continuous peace.” In the original Hebrew, the word for “peace” appears twice for emphasis; therefore, to reflect that emphasis, this expression can be rendered “continuous peace,” “perfect peace,” or “complete peace.” In other words, those who fully trust in Jehovah enjoy a sense of peace, an inner calm that does not depend on their circumstances. (Psalm 112:7; 119:165) This peace comes from having a close, personal relationship with Jehovah and striving to do what is right in his eyes.—Proverbs 3:32; Isaiah 48:18. This “continuous peace” does not mean that God shields his worshippers from difficulties, freeing them of all anxiety. (1 Samuel 1:6, 7; Job 6:1, 2; Psalm 31:9) Rather, he helps them to deal with their difficulties. (Isaiah 41:10, 13) He responds to their prayers, giving them wisdom, strength, and comfort. (Psalm 94:19; Proverbs 2:6; Isaiah 40:29) As a result, they can remain calm even in difficult circumstances.—Philippians 4:6, 7. Context of Isaiah 26:3 The prophet Isaiah lived during the eighth century B.C.E. Many in Judah at that time, and in the years that followed, did not faithfully worship Jehovah God. As a result, Jehovah eventually allowed their capital city, Jerusalem, to be destroyed in the year 607 B.C.E. However, more than a hundred years before the destruction, Isaiah wrote the prophetic song of praise to Jehovah recorded in chapter 26. (Isaiah 26:1-6) That song pointed to a future time when a city in the land of Judah, apparently Jerusalem, would be restored. Jerusalem was restored in the years following 537 B.C.E. Once that happened, faithful repatriated Jews could feel secure and say: “We have a strong city.” (Isaiah 26:1) However, the fortified walls of the city were not what made it strong. Rather, the security of the city depended on Jehovah’s blessing and protection.—Isaiah 26:2. It is similar today. Those who fully trust in Jehovah feel secure because they view him as their “Rock,” or refuge.—Isaiah 26:4. Read Isaiah chapter 26 in the study edition of the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. This easy-to-read Bible contains audio recordings, explanatory notes, cross-references, pictures, videos, and maps. Watch this short video to see an overview of the book of Isaiah. a Jehovah is the personal name of God. (Psalm 83:18) See the article “Who Is Jehovah?”
Will Religion Ever Be a Force for Peace?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102011003	Will Religion Ever Be a Force for Peace? “LET’S make the world a better place. Let’s get rid of religion.” That is what Dutch philosopher Floris van den Berg recommends in his published lecture eninputd “How to Get Rid of Religion, and Why.” Around the world experts in various fields of knowledge are likewise promoting the abolition of religion. “The world needs to wake up from its long nightmare of religious belief,” declares Nobel laureate and physicist Steven Weinberg. The idea that the evils of this world could be greatly minimized by eliminating religion has been loudly articulated in recent years. Books against religion proliferate and are quite popular. Leading scientists have gathered to discuss what they consider to be the urgent need to eradicate religion. An emerging wave of atheists is flooding the media with their unapologetic hatred of religion. Are these well-respected thinkers on the right track? True Religion? If all religions were false and there was no God, then it might seem reasonable to eliminate religion. But what if there is a God? What if there is a group of people on earth who rightfully represent God—a true religion? A careful study of the history of religion points to one form of worship that stands out as very different from all other religions. It is a form of worship practiced by relatively few people today. This religion was established by Jesus Christ and his apostles. But it is not represented by what Christendom has practiced for many centuries. How do Christendom and the true religion established by Jesus Christ differ? In many ways. Let us consider one of them. “No Part of This World” The first Christians did not take sides in political issues. This is in harmony with the neutral stand that Jesus himself took. The Bible reports that on at least two occasions, Jesus firmly refused offers to become a political ruler. (Matthew 4:8-10; John 6:15) Jesus even rebuked his disciples for wanting to use violent means to prevent his arrest.—Matthew 26:51, 52; Luke 22:49-51; John 18:10, 11. When the Roman governor of Judea asked specific questions about Jesus’ alleged political ambitions, Jesus set the record straight by saying: “My kingdom is no part of this world. If my kingdom were part of this world, my attendants would have fought that I should not be delivered up to the Jews. But, as it is, my kingdom is not from this source.” (John 18:36) Clearly, Jesus would not get involved with the political and military structures of his day. Jesus’ disciples followed the same pattern. A study on the role of religion in war compiled by the team of researchers referred to earlier in this series explains: “Early Christians believed in nonviolence. . . . Most Christians refused to join the army and fight.” The teachings of Jesus and his apostles emphasized love of neighbor, including strangers and those of different ethnic backgrounds and races. (Acts 10:34, 35; James 3:17) This religion was indeed a force for peace. Eventually the original concepts of Christianity became contaminated by the divisive forces of philosophy, tradition, and nationalism. The previously mentioned historical review of the role religion plays in armed conflicts states: “[Roman Emperor] Constantine’s conversion led to the militarization of the Christian movement—no longer guided by the compassionate teachings of Christ, but rather spearheaded by the Emperor’s goals of political and geographical conquest. Christians, including the Emperor were compelled to find religious justifications for war.” A counterfeit version of Christianity was born. A “Distinctive” Group Is original Christianity lost forever? By no means. There is one group today that deserves special consideration. Jehovah’s Witnesses emulate the first Christians like no other religious people. They are not instructioned to any religion in Christendom. The Encyclopedia of Religion describes them as “distinctive,” because they base all their beliefs on “the authority of the Bible, which entirely supplants tradition.” Like the first Christians, Jehovah’s Witnesses do not take sides in political conflicts. A paper published by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine states that Jehovah’s Witnesses aim to overcome “racial, national, religious, social, and economical differences.” The study explains that Jehovah’s Witnesses do not engage in “anti-state activity” and are “law-abiding citizens of their country.” Professor Wojciech Modzelewski, from the Warsaw University in Poland, wrote in his book Pacifism and Vicinity: “Jehovah’s Witnesses make up the largest community in the world today that objects to wars.” Because they closely follow the pattern of first-century Christians, it could be said that Jehovah’s Witnesses have successfully reinstated the form of worship that was established by Christ and his apostles. That is the kind of Christianity that is indeed a force for peace.—See the box on the next page. A Bright Future Granted, many sincere worshippers—and even a number of religious leaders—are appalled by the hypocrisy of their own religions. Due acknowledgment must be given to the many religious people who are devoted to the promotion of peace and harmony in the world. Still, as sincere as they may be, humans are limited in their power to fix the world’s problems. The ancient prophet Jeremiah wrote: “To earthling man his way does not belong. It does not belong to man who is walking even to direct his step.”—Jeremiah 10:23. But there is a bright future. God’s Word teaches that a peaceful new human society will be established on earth. This new society will be a veritable brotherhood. All races will live in harmony, and mankind will not be divided by territorial borders, ethnic hatreds, or religious ideologies. The one uniting element will be the pure worship of Jehovah God. The Bible also foretells the demise of religion that dishonors God. Jesus said: “Every kingdom divided against itself comes to desolation, and every city or house divided against itself will not stand.” (Matthew 12:25) In time, God will make sure that those words come true regarding all false religion. The Bible long ago foretold that God would “certainly render judgment among the nations and set matters straight.” This prophecy also says that people will “beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning shears. Nation will not lift up sword against nation, neither will they learn war anymore.” (Isaiah 2:4) This prophecy is undergoing fulfillment today. True religion, as practiced by Jehovah’s Witnesses, is already a force for peace. [Blurb on page 8] Jehovah’s Witnesses are united by love [Box on page 9] How Are Jehovah’s Witnesses Different? Many people are amazed when they learn how different Jehovah’s Witnesses are from all the other religions that claim to follow Christ. The following are some of the things that make Jehovah’s Witnesses unique: STRUCTURE ● They have no clergy class. ● Their elders, teachers, and missionaries are unsalaried. ● They neither tithe nor take up money collections at their places of worship, known as Kingdom Halls. ● All their activities are supported by anonymous donations. ● They remain neutral with regard to politics. ● They advocate peace and do not participate in warfare. ● They are globally united in their faith and Bible-based beliefs. ● They are fully integrated, with no social, ethnic, racial, or class divisions. ● They are not affiliated with any other religion, whether Catholic, Orthodox, or Protestant. DOCTRINE ● They believe that there is only one true God, whose name is Jehovah. ● They do not believe that Jesus Christ is Almighty God, nor do they believe in the Trinity doctrine. ● They follow the teachings of Jesus and honor him as the Son of God. ● They do not venerate the cross, nor do they use idols in their worship. ● They do not believe in a fiery hell where all bad people go after death. ● They believe that God will bless obedient mankind with perfect everlasting life in an earthly paradise. Jehovah’s Witnesses believe that they have successfully reestablished first-century Christianity, the form of Christianity that Jesus’ apostles practiced. [Picture on page 8] A Serb, a Bosnian, and a Croatian
The Giant of Kodiak Island	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101972006	The Giant of Kodiak Island By “Awake!” correspondent in Alaska WHEN Russian fur traders explored Kodiak Island in the 1760’s, they encountered a nine-foot-tall, shaggy monster with menacing teeth and huge paws. The startled men had seen brown bears in Siberia but none like this gigantic fellow! Traders dubbed him “Ivan the Terrible.” Today this giant bruin is called the Kodiak bear. Suddenly to meet a papa bear standing over nine feet high and weighing more than 1,300 pounds could give one quite a terrifying impression. As for Mr. Kodiak Bear’s distinguishing features, these are his high, humped shoulders, which conceal a large mass of muscle above the shoulder blades. You might call him the “muscle man” of his domain. Life on an Island Home Papa bear may reach 1,500 pounds by the fall of the year, but mamma, considerably smaller, seldom weighs more than 650 pounds. However, you will be more impressed with their full-grown size when you learn that three newborn cubs, born in midwinter, are small enough to fit in a man’s cupped hands. How pathetic baby looks at birth—hairless, blind and weighing about one pound! It may seem difficult to imagine that he will grow up to the majestic stature of his parents. After a couple of months come spring’s warming temperatures, and the cubs weigh from ten to fifteen pounds. All healthy growing children put on weight rapidly, so, by midsummer they weigh fifty pounds. When they are ready for their winter nap with mother next fall, they will weigh one hundred pounds. Baby brother keeps enlarging until he is “grown-up” at between eight and ten years of age. Baby sister is finished growing at six years. While the older, mature bears often appear very dignified and solemn, the young are playful and mischievous. Their cuffing and wrestling can even entice mamma into the fun. In the spring, when snow remains at the higher elevations, bears have been observed sliding down snowbanks, often repeating the performance a number of times. Like all of God’s creatures, the sight of these wild animals at play is a delight to man. Off the coast of southern Alaska is Kodiak Island, the sole home of this giant bear. It is largely mountainous, and steep slopes and dense tangled undergrowth make travel difficult for man. But for Mr. Bear it is a different matter. He ambles along faster than a man can walk, and steep and rocky slopes do not seem to slow him down either. Sometimes he is seen in areas that make us wonder if he is part mountain goat. When frightened, he will increase his speed to a running gallop that carries him over logs and through brush at a surprising rate. While he is often depicted standing on his hind legs, this is not done while walking any distance. But it is a common practice for him to stand nine feet tall when his curiosity is aroused or when he needs to identify an intruder in thick vegetation. An island of natural rugged beauty is a suitable habitat for this magnificent animal. Preferring to be near the salt-laden breezes from the sea, this brown giant does not wander very far inland. In the summer the temperature seldom rises above 75° F. Thickets of alder, willow and cottonwood make fine resting-places for Mr. Kodiak Bear and his household. Though winter temperatures rarely drop below zero degrees F., not all is calm in this island home range. In the winter, howling gales work their fury out by sending towering waves against the rocky coastline. Fog and drizzling rain are common. How appropriate that the fur coat provided by the Creator is not only warm but also water repellent! Fattening Up for a Good Sleep Though a meat eater, the Kodiak bear enjoys vegetation. In fact, about 75 percent of his yearly diet is from grazing on vegetation and berries. To “balance” his diet he enjoys carrion, and, in the summer months, a plentiful supply of fresh salmon is available. During midsummer, these giant bears congregate along the many salmon streams. If an observer watches closely, he will see that the popular artist’s conception of the big bear’s slapping a fish out of the water with his paw is seldom true. As he stands in the stream he pounces on a salmon with his forepaws. Occasionally, he will simply thrust his head underwater and snap at a fish with his teeth. As in the case with humans, there are experienced fishermen and there are novices. The older bears seldom move any distance to make a catch and usually come up with a choice morsel right away. Junior, on the other hand, often races up and down the stream frantically bounding here and there, with fish slithering in every direction except under his paws. This year’s cubs let mamma do the fishing for them, and they can be seen on the bank, eagerly awaiting her return. After a successful catch, the family will move to a thicket where mamma will intentionally eat just a portion of the fish, leaving the remainder for the youngsters to quarrel over. After their fill of this plentiful food, the family will often retire to a nearby meadow and sprawl out in a variety of poses for an afternoon nap. Some have been observed sleeping on their backs with all four paws sticking up in the air. By the middle of August the family often leaves the stream for the ripening berries. They will gorge themselves on salmonberries and blueberries as long as they are available. By early October, many are drawn back to the salmon streams to take advantage of the late run of spawning fish. As winter closes in on them, they are usually well prepared to sleep out the most harsh weather. Good summer appetites help to fortify them with a dense layer of fat and a lush new fur coat. From summer to late fall, growing bears increase in weight by about 30 percent. In checking on this weight gain, biologists tabulated a gain of forty-five pounds for one three-year-old male in just twelve days. That is an average gain of 3.7 pounds per day. No concern over reducing diets in this family! Zoologists now recognize that the Kodiak bear does not truly hibernate but is better called a winter sleeper. One can quickly see the difference by contrasting the bear with the woodchuck, a true hibernator. Viewed during the winter, a woodchuck appears as though dead and is completely unconscious. Its normal body temperature of 96.9° F. is reduced to 38 degrees, and it takes only one breath every six minutes. The bear, on the other hand, maintains a normal body temperature and his breathing is reduced to four or five complete respirations a minute. When you are in deep slumber, your breathing rate is about the same. The bear’s heartbeat is slower than normal but he is semiconscious. His sleep is not always uninterrupted, as he can be routed out of his winter home without too much difficulty. Unaggressive, but Caution Advised Although men have dubbed this gigantic beast as being “terrible” and “ferocious,” some opinions have been altered. Zoologists and others who have spent many years observing them, recognize that these powerful creatures will make every possible effort to avoid contact with man. As zoologist George G. Goodwin says: “Despite their enormous size and great strength, the big brownies are not aggressive and rarely kill large game. However, a brown bear with her cubs is best given a wide berth; when wounded, this animal can be as treacherous as the most ferocious wild creature.” There have been incidents in which men have been seriously injured by these jumbo bears, so care should be exercised when in the vicinity of them. Since Mr. Bear’s hearing and smelling senses are keener than his eyesight, persons wishing to avoid contact with him in the brush usually try to make plenty of noise. Local inhabitants have for generations whistled loudly when out berry picking in the bear’s domain. Thus, Mr. Bear is not startled and has opportunity to move away from the human intruders without delay. Though having the reputation of being the largest flesh-eating land animal in the world, this giant bruin of Kodiak Island is not really as “terrible” as the early traders feared.
Sing Praises (ssb) 1984	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb	Song 142 Creation’s Hope of Liberation (Romans 8:21) 1. Now all creation has tribulation; Mankind is reaping what it’s sown. God is rejected; men are subjected To hurtful things that make them groan. 2. In expectation of true salvation, Men must now look to God Most High. He is befriending, help he is sending To all those who now groan and sigh. 3. To liberation and restoration The human fam’ly will attain. God’s Son, anointed, has been appointed To help men God’s kind favor gain. 4. Association with God’s new nation Brings blessings to those who are meek. They are awaiting, anticipating, The Kingdom joys of which they speak.
Scriptures for Christian Living (scl) 2023	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/scl	Conscience What shows that Jehovah has given all humans a conscience? Ro 2:14, 15 See also 2Co 4:2 What can happen to the conscience when a person persists in wrongdoing? 1Ti 4:2; Tit 1:15 See also Heb 10:22 Is it enough just to believe that what we are doing is right? Joh 16:2, 3; Ro 10:2, 3 Relevant Bible account(s): 2Ch 18:1-3; 19:1, 2—King Jehoshaphat unwisely lends help to wicked King Ahab and is rebuked by Jehovah Ac 22:19, 20; 26:9-11—The apostle Paul recounts how he once thought that it was right to persecute and kill Christ’s followers How can the conscience be properly trained? 2Ti 3:16, 17; Heb 5:14 Relevant Bible account(s): 1Sa 24:2-7—King David’s conscience moves him to treat Jehovah’s anointed one King Saul properly How can sinful humans have a clean conscience before God? Eph 1:7; Heb 9:14; 1Pe 3:21; 1Jo 1:7, 9; 2:1, 2 See also Re 1:5 Relevant Bible account(s): Isa 6:1-8—Jehovah assures the prophet Isaiah that his sins can be forgiven Re 7:9-14—Those of the great crowd have a clean standing before Jehovah on account of the cleansing power of Christ’s sacrifice Why should we not ignore the guidance of a conscience that is trained according to God’s Word? Ac 24:15, 16; 1Ti 1:5, 6, 19; 1Pe 3:16 See also Ro 13:5 Relevant Bible account(s): Ge 2:25; 3:6-13—Adam and Eve ignore their conscience and later feel shame for disobeying God Ne 5:1-13—Governor Nehemiah appeals to the conscience of his fellow Jews, who are ignoring God’s laws and charging high interest rates Why should we be careful not to stumble a brother or a sister whose conscience is not yet well-trained? 1Co 8:7, 10-13; 10:28, 29 What goal should we have regarding our conscience? 2Co 1:12; 2Ti 1:3; Heb 13:18 See also Ac 23:1; Ro 9:1; 1Ti 3:8, 9
Live Forever (pe) 1989	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/pe	Chapter 28 Getting Along with One Another in Love 1. (a) How may you become a part of God’s organization? (b) What command must you then obey? AS YOU grow in knowledge and appreciation of Jehovah God and his purposes, you will want to associate regularly with persons who share this same faith and hope. By doing so, you will become part of God’s visible organization, a true Christian brotherhood. “Have love for the whole association of brothers” will then be a command you must obey.—1 Peter 2:17; 5:8, 9. 2. (a) What new commandment did Jesus give his followers? (b) What do the expressions “one another” and “among yourselves” clearly show? (c) How important is it to have love? 2 Jesus Christ emphasized how important it is that his followers love one another. He said to them: “I am giving you a new commandment, that you love one another . . . By this all will know that you are my disciples, if you have love among yourselves.” (John 13:34, 35) The expressions “one another” and “among yourselves” clearly show that all true Christians would be together in one group or organization. (Romans 12:5; Ephesians 4:25) And this organization would be identified by the love its members have for one another. If a person does not have love, everything else is useless.—1 Corinthians 13:1-3. 3. How does the Bible emphasize the importance of loving and caring for fellow Christians? 3 Therefore, early Christians were often given such reminders as these: “Have tender affection for one another.” “Welcome one another.” “Slave for one another.” “Become kind to one another, tenderly compassionate.” “Continue putting up with one another and forgiving one another freely if anyone has a cause for complaint against another.” “Keep comforting one another and building one another up.” “Be peaceable with one another.” “Have intense love for one another.”—Romans 12:10; 15:7; Galatians 5:13; Ephesians 4:32; Colossians 3:13, 14; 1 Thessalonians 5:11, 13; 1 Peter 4:8; 1 John 3:23; 4:7, 11. 4. (a) What shows that Christians must love others besides “one another”? (b) Whom especially are Christians to love? 4 However, this does not mean that true Christians are to love only fellow members of God’s organization. They are to love others as well. The Bible, in fact, urges them to increase “in love to one another and to all.” (1 Thessalonians 3:12; 5:15) Giving the proper balanced viewpoint, the apostle Paul wrote: “Let us work what is good toward all, but especially toward those related to us in the faith.” (Galatians 6:10) So while Christians must love all, including their enemies, they especially must love fellow members of God’s organization, their spiritual brothers and sisters.—Matthew 5:44. 5. What shows that true Christians, in early times and today, have been noted for their love? 5 Early Christians were well known for this love that they had for one another. According to the second-century writer Tertullian, people would say of them: ‘Look how they love one another, and how they are ready to die for one another!’ Such love is also seen among true Christians today. But does this mean that there are never problems or difficulties among true Christians? THE RESULTS OF IMPERFECTION 6. Why do even true Christians at times sin against one another? 6 From your study of the Bible you realize that all of us have inherited imperfection from our original parents, Adam and Eve. (Romans 5:12) So we are inclined to do wrong. “We all stumble many times,” the Bible says. (James 3:2; Romans 3:23) And you should know that members of God’s organization are also imperfect and sometimes do things that are not right. This can result in problems and difficulties even among true Christians. 7. (a) Why did Euodia and Syntyche need to be told “to be of the same mind”? (b) What shows that, basically, these were fine Christian women? 7 Consider the situation with two women named Euodia and Syntyche in the early Philippian congregation. The apostle Paul wrote: “Euodia I exhort and Syntyche I exhort to be of the same mind in the Lord.” Why did Paul encourage these two women “to be of the same mind”? Clearly, there was some trouble between them. The Bible does not tell what it was. Perhaps they were in some way jealous of each other. Yet, basically, these were fine women. They had been Christians for some time, years before having shared with Paul in the preaching work. So he wrote to the congregation: “Keep assisting these women who have striven side by side with me in the good news.”—Philippians 4:1-3. 8. (a) What trouble developed between Paul and Barnabas? (b) If you had been present and had seen this trouble, what might you have concluded? 8 At one time trouble also developed between the apostle Paul and his traveling companion Barnabas. When they were about to leave on their second missionary journey, Barnabas wanted to take along his cousin Mark. However, Paul did not want Mark along, since Mark had left them and gone home during their first missionary journey. (Acts 13:13) The Bible says: “At this there occurred a sharp burst of anger, so that they separated from each other.” (Acts 15:37-40) Can you imagine that! If you had been there and had seen this “sharp burst of anger,” would you have concluded that Paul and Barnabas were not part of God’s organization because of the way they behaved? 9. (a) What sin did Peter commit, and what caused him to act this way? (b) What did Paul do when he saw what was happening? 9 On another occasion the apostle Peter did wrong. He stopped associating closely with Gentile Christians because of fear of being viewed with disfavor by some of the Jewish Christians who were wrongly looking down on their Gentile brothers. (Galatians 2:11-14) When the apostle Paul saw what Peter was doing, he condemned Peter’s improper conduct before all those present. How would you have felt if you had been Peter?—Hebrews 12:11. SOLVING DIFFICULTIES WITH LOVE 10. (a) How did Peter react when he was corrected? (b) What can we learn from Peter’s example? 10 Peter could have become angry at Paul. He could have taken offense at the way Paul had corrected him in front of others. But he did not. (Ecclesiastes 7:9) Peter was humble. He accepted the correction, and he did not allow it to cause his love for Paul to cool off. (1 Peter 3:8, 9) Note how Peter later referred to Paul in a letter of encouragement to fellow Christians: “Consider the patience of our Lord as salvation, just as our beloved brother Paul according to the wisdom given him also wrote you.” (2 Peter 3:15) Yes, Peter allowed love to cover over the difficulty, which in this case had resulted from his own wrong conduct.—Proverbs 10:12. 11. (a) Despite their angry outburst, how did Paul and Barnabas show that they were true Christians? (b) How can we benefit from their example? 11 What about the problem between Paul and Barnabas? This also was solved with love. For later, when Paul wrote to the Corinthian congregation, he spoke of Barnabas as a close fellow worker. (1 Corinthians 9:5, 6) And though Paul appears to have had good reason for doubting Mark’s value as a traveling companion, this young man later matured to the point that Paul could write to Timothy: “Take Mark and bring him with you, for he is useful to me for ministering.” (2 Timothy 4:11) We can benefit from this example of settling differences. 12. (a) Why might we assume that Euodia and Syntyche settled their differences? (b) According to Galatians 5:13-15, why is it vital that Christians work out their differences in love? 12 Well, what about Euodia and Syntyche? Did they settle their differences, allowing love to cover whatever sins they may have committed against each other? The Bible does not tell us what finally happened to them. But, their being good women who had worked side by side with Paul in his Christian ministry, we might reasonably assume that they humbly accepted the counsel given. When Paul’s letter was received, we can just imagine their going to each other and straightening out their problem in a spirit of love.—Galatians 5:13-15. 13. What example in showing love does Jehovah God set? 13 You, too, may find it hard to get along with a certain person, or persons, in the congregation. Although they may have a long way to go in developing true Christian qualities, think about this: Does Jehovah God wait until people get rid of all their bad ways before he loves them? No; the Bible says: “God recommends his own love to us in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.” (Romans 5:8) We need to follow that example of God and show love to those who do bad and foolish things.—Ephesians 5:1, 2; 1 John 4:9-11; Psalm 103:10. 14. What counsel did Jesus give on not being critical of others? 14 Since all of us are so imperfect, Jesus taught that we should not be critical of others. True, others have faults, but we also have them. “Why, then, do you look at the straw in your brother’s eye, but do not consider the rafter in your own eye?” Jesus asked. (Matthew 7:1-5) By keeping in mind such wise counsel, we will be helped to get along with our brothers and sisters. 15. (a) Why is it important that we forgive others even when we have a cause for complaint against them? (b) In his illustration in Matthew chapter 18, how did Jesus teach the need to be forgiving? 15 It is absolutely necessary that we be merciful and forgiving. True, you may have a real cause for complaint against a brother or a sister. But remember the Bible counsel: “Continue putting up with one another and forgiving one another freely if anyone has a cause for complaint against another.” But why should you forgive others when you have a genuine cause for complaint against them? Because “Jehovah freely forgave you,” the Bible answers. (Colossians 3:13) And if we are to receive his forgiveness, Jesus said, we must forgive others. (Matthew 6:9-12, 14, 15) Jehovah, like the king in one of Jesus’ illustrations, has forgiven us thousands of times, so cannot we forgive our brothers a few times?—Matthew 18:21-35; Proverbs 19:11. 16. (a) According to 1 John 4:20, 21, how is love of God related to love of fellow Christians? (b) What action is necessary if your brother has something against you? 16 We simply cannot be practicing the truth and at the same time be treating our brothers and sisters in an unloving, unforgiving way. (1 John 4:20, 21; 3:14-16) So, then, if you ever have some trouble with a fellow Christian, do not stop talking with him. Do not hold resentment, but straighten out the matter in the spirit of love. If you have offended your brother, be ready to apologize and to ask forgiveness.—Matthew 5:23, 24. 17. What is the proper course to take if someone wrongs you? 17 But what if someone insults you, or wrongs you in some other way? The Bible counsels: “Do not say: ‘Just as he did to me, so I am going to do to him.’” (Proverbs 24:29; Romans 12:17, 18) Jesus Christ advised: “Whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other also to him.” (Matthew 5:39) A slap is not intended to injure physically, but only to insult or provoke. Jesus was thus teaching his followers to avoid being drawn into a fight or an argument. Rather than “paying back injury for injury or reviling for reviling,” you should “seek peace and pursue it.”—1 Peter 3:9, 11; Romans 12:14. 18. What should we learn from God’s example of loving all peoples? 18 Recall that we must “have love for the whole association of brothers.” (1 Peter 2:17) Jehovah God sets the example. He is not partial. All races are equal in his sight. (Acts 10:34, 35; 17:26) Those who will be protected through the coming “great tribulation” are taken from “all nations and tribes and peoples and tongues.” (Revelation 7:9, 14-17) So, in imitation of God, we should not love others less because they are of a different race, nationality or social position, or have a different skin color. 19. (a) How should we regard and treat fellow Christians? (b) What great privilege can be ours? 19 Get to know well all of those in the Christian congregation, and you will come to love and appreciate them. Treat older ones as fathers and mothers, younger ones as brothers and sisters. (1 Timothy 5:1, 2) It is truly a privilege to be a part of God’s familylike visible organization, whose members get along so well together in love. How fine it will be to live forever in paradise on earth with such a loving family!—1 Corinthians 13:4-8. [Picture on page 233] What can we learn from the incident involving Euodia and Syntyche? [Picture on page 235] Did the argument between Paul and Barnabas mean that they were not members of God’s organization? [Picture on page 236] True Christians let love cover over causes for complaint [Picture on page 237] Within God’s organization, Christians are moved by love to get along as equals
“These Things Entrust to Faithful Men”	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2017248	“These Things Entrust to Faithful Men” “These things entrust to faithful men, who, in turn, will be adequately qualified to teach others.”—2 TIM. 2:2. SONGS: 103, 101 DO YOU RECALL? How did King David respond when told that his son would build God’s temple? Why should older ones help younger ones to take on increased responsibility? How can younger men demonstrate a proper attitude as they take on the work of older brothers? 1, 2. How do many people view their work? PEOPLE often define themselves by the work they do. To many, a job or position determines a person’s self-worth. In some cultures, when getting to know another person, one of the first questions asked is, “What kind of work do you do?” 2 The Bible sometimes describes people by the work they did. It speaks of “Matthew the tax collector”; “Simon, a tanner”; and “Luke, the beloved physician.” (Matt. 10:3; Acts 10:6; Col. 4:14) Spiritual assignments or privileges also identify people. We read of King David, the prophet Elijah, and the apostle Paul. These men valued their God-given assignments. If we have privileges of service, we likewise should value them. 3. Why is there a need for older ones to train younger ones? (See opening picture.) 3 Many of us love the work we do and would like to continue doing it indefinitely. Sadly, though, from the days of Adam, each generation grows old and is replaced by another. (Eccl. 1:4) In recent times, this transition has presented unique challenges for true Christians. The work of Jehovah’s people has grown in scope and complexity. As we tackle new projects, new ways of doing things are adopted—often ways that involve the use of rapidly changing technology. Some older ones may find it hard to keep pace with these advances. (Luke 5:39) Even when that is not the case, younger ones may have greater strength and energy than older ones have. (Prov. 20:29) Thus, it is both loving and practical for older ones to prepare younger ones to take on greater responsibility.—Read Psalm 71:18. 4. Why is it difficult for some to delegate authority? (See the box “Why Some People Do Not Delegate.”) 4 Those in positions of authority may not find it easy to delegate to younger ones. Some fear losing a position they cherish. Others worry about losing control, convinced that younger ones cannot do things as well. Some may reason that they do not have time to train someone else. On the other hand, those who are younger must guard against becoming impatient when they are not given more to do. 5. What questions will this article discuss? 5 Let us discuss this matter of delegating from two angles. First, how can older ones help younger ones take on increased responsibility, and why is this important? (2 Tim. 2:2) Second, why is it important that younger ones keep the right attitude as they assist brothers who are more experienced and learn from them? To begin, let us see how King David equipped his son to take on an important responsibility. DAVID PREPARED AND SUPPORTED SOLOMON 6. What did King David want to do, and how did Jehovah respond? 6 After residing for years as a fugitive, David became king and lived in a comfortable house. Dismayed that there was no “house,” or temple, dedicated to Jehovah, he wanted to build one. So he said to Nathan the prophet: “Here I am living in a house of cedars while the ark of the covenant of Jehovah is under tent cloths.” Nathan replied: “Do whatever is in your heart, for the true God is with you.” However, Jehovah directed otherwise. He told Nathan to tell David: “You are not the one who will build the house for me to dwell in.” Although Jehovah lovingly assured David that He would continue to bless him, God directed that David’s son Solomon build the temple. How did David react?—1 Chron. 17:1-4, 8, 11, 12; 29:1. 7. How did David react to Jehovah’s direction? 7 David did not withhold his support, brooding over the prospect that the credit for temple construction would not be his. The building did, in fact, become known as Solomon’s temple, not David’s. While David may have been disappointed that he could not fulfill his heart’s desire, he fully supported the project. He eagerly organized work groups and gathered iron, copper, silver, and gold, as well as cedar timbers. Further, he encouraged Solomon, saying: “Now, my son, may Jehovah be with you, and may you be successful and build the house of Jehovah your God, just as he has spoken concerning you.”—1 Chron. 22:11, 14-16. 8. Why might David have concluded that Solomon was unqualified, but what did he do? 8 Read 1 Chronicles 22:5. David might have concluded that Solomon was not qualified to oversee such an important project. After all, the temple was to be “exceedingly magnificent,” and Solomon was at the time “young and inexperienced.” Yet, David knew that Jehovah would equip Solomon to handle the work given to him. So David focused on what he could do to assist, preparing materials in great quantity. EXPERIENCE THE JOY OF TRAINING OTHERS It is satisfying to see younger men taking on greater responsibility (See paragraph 9) 9. How can older ones find satisfaction in handing over responsibilities? Illustrate. 9 Older brothers should not be disheartened when it becomes necessary to hand their assignments over to younger men. Rather, it is in the best interests of the work when younger ones are trained to handle responsibilities. Appointed men should have great satisfaction when the younger ones whom they have trained become qualified to take on the work. To illustrate, think of a father who teaches his son to drive a car. When he is a child, the son simply observes his father. When the boy is older, the father explains what he is doing. Then, when the boy is of legal age, he begins to drive the car as his father gives him further instruction. Sometimes they may take turns driving, but eventually the son may do most, if not all, of the driving for his aging father. The wise father is pleased to have his son take over and does not feel that he has to be in control. Similarly, older men feel proud when they have trained younger ones to take on theocratic responsibilities. 10. How did Moses feel about glory and authority? 10 As older ones, we must guard against jealousy. Notice how Moses reacted when certain ones in the camp of Israel began behaving as prophets. (Read Numbers 11:24-29.) Joshua, Moses’ assistant, wanted to restrain them. He evidently thought that they were detracting from Moses’ prominence and authority. But Moses replied: “Are you jealous for me? No, I wish that all of Jehovah’s people were prophets and that Jehovah would put his spirit on them!” Moses saw Jehovah’s hand in the matter. Disclaiming honor for himself, Moses expressed his desire that the same spiritual gifts be shared by all of Jehovah’s servants. Like Moses, are we not pleased when others receive privileges that might otherwise have come to us? 11. What did one brother say about handing over his responsibility? 11 Today, there are many examples of brothers who have worked energetically for decades and who have prepared others to take on increased responsibility. For example, a brother named Peter served for more than 74 years in the full-time service, 35 of these at a branch office in Europe. Until recently, he was the overseer of the Service Department. Now Paul, a younger man who had worked alongside Peter for several years, cares for that responsibility. When Peter was asked how he felt about his change of assignment, he replied, “I am so pleased that there are brothers who have been trained to accept greater responsibility and who are doing so well in caring for the work.” VALUE THE OLDER ONES AMONG US 12. What lesson should we learn from the Bible account of Rehoboam? 12 After Solomon died, his son Rehoboam became king. When Rehoboam needed advice on how to handle his responsibilities, he first asked the older men. But he rejected their advice! Instead, he took the advice of the younger men with whom he had grown up and who were now his attendants. The results were disastrous. (2 Chron. 10:6-11, 19) The lesson? It is wise to seek and consider carefully the advice of older, experienced ones. Though younger ones should not feel shackled to past ways of doing things, they should not be quick to dismiss the counsel of older ones. 13. How should younger ones cooperate with older ones? 13 Some younger ones may now be coordinating activities that include older brothers. Though such younger ones have a changed role, they would do well to benefit from the wisdom and experience of older ones before making decisions. Paul, mentioned earlier, who replaced Peter as the overseer of a Bethel department, said, “I took time to seek out the advice of Peter, and I encouraged others in the department to do the same.” 14. What do we learn from the cooperation between Timothy and the apostle Paul? 14 Timothy, a younger man, worked alongside the apostle Paul for many years. (Read Philippians 2:20-22.) Paul had written to the Corinthians: “I am sending Timothy to you, because he is my beloved and faithful child in the Lord. He will remind you of my methods in connection with Christ Jesus, just as I am teaching everywhere in every congregation.” (1 Cor. 4:17) This brief statement points to the close cooperation between Paul and Timothy. Paul had taken time to teach Timothy his “methods in connection with Christ.” Timothy learned well and had won Paul’s affection, and Paul was confident that Timothy could care for the spiritual needs of those in Corinth. What a fine example for elders to imitate today as they train other men to take the lead in the congregation! ALL OF US HAVE A PART TO PLAY 15. How should Paul’s counsel to Christians in Rome help us when we are affected by change? 15 We live in exciting times. The earthly part of Jehovah’s organization is growing in many ways, but growth necessitates change. As changes affect us personally, may we be humble, keeping an eye on Jehovah’s interests and not on our own. Doing so promotes unity. To Christians in Rome, Paul wrote: “I tell everyone there among you not to think more of himself than it is necessary to think, but to think so as to have a sound mind, each one as God has given to him a measure of faith. For just as we have in one body many members, but the members do not all have the same function, so we, although many, are one body in union with Christ.”—Rom. 12:3-5. 16. What might older ones and younger ones, as well as their wives, do to help maintain the peace and unity of Jehovah’s organization? 16 Whatever our circumstances, then, let all of us work to further the interests of Jehovah’s magnificent Kingdom. You older ones, equip younger ones to do what you do. You younger brothers, accept responsibility, be modest, and maintain a respectful attitude toward the older ones. And you wives, imitate Aquila’s wife, Priscilla, who accompanied and supported Aquila faithfully as their circumstances changed.—Acts 18:2. 17. What confidence did Jesus have in his disciples, and for what did he train them? 17 In the matter of training others to take on increased responsibility, there is no better example than that of Jesus. He knew that his earthly ministry would come to an end and that others would carry on his work. Though his disciples were imperfect, he had confidence in them and told them that they would do works greater than he did. (John 14:12) He trained them thoroughly, and they spread the good news throughout the then-known world.—Col. 1:23. 18. What prospects lie ahead, and what can we do now? 18 After his sacrificial death, Jesus was resurrected to heaven where he was given more work to do with authority “far above every government and authority and power and lordship.” (Eph. 1:19-21) If we die faithful before Armageddon, we will be resurrected into a righteous new world, where there will be plenty of satisfying work for us to do. Now, though, there is vitally important work that all of us can participate in—preaching the good news and making disciples. May all of us, young or old, keep on “having plenty to do in the work of the Lord.”—1 Cor. 15:58. WHY SOME PEOPLE DO NOT DELEGATE 1 They fear that they will not get credit for what is done. However, all credit belongs to Jehovah.—Ps. 115:1. 2 They do not want to give up work that they enjoy. However, there is joy in training others.—Acts 20:35. 3 They fear that the work will not be done properly. However, God can help others to do the work.—Ps. 37:5. 4 They do not want to lose control of an assignment. However, it is best to acknowledge that Jehovah is in control.—Isa. 45:6, 7. 5 They think that they do not have time to train others. However, training others saves time in the long run.—Eph. 5:15, 16.
Opening Up the Way to Life for the Peoples of India	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101977010	Opening Up the Way to Life for the Peoples of India Read the thrilling story about it. This story is featured in the 1977 Yearbook of Jehovah’s Witnesses. There you will find the absorbing account of Christianity’s beginning and development in India. Also included in this 384-page book are similar reports about Liberia, Norway and Panama. Get your copy. Only 50 cents (U.S.), postpaid. Please send me the 1977 Yearbook of Jehovah’s Witnesses; I enclose 50c (U.S.).
Did You Know?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2012010	Did You Know? Who is the Persian King Ahasuerus mentioned in the Bible book of Esther? ▪ According to the book of Esther, Ahasuerus chooses the Jewish maiden Esther to be his queen, and she proceeds to save her people from an attempted genocide. For a long time, opinions differed widely as to which Persian king Ahasuerus might have been. However, the problem appears to have been settled by the deciphering of trilingual inscriptions on Persian monuments. These leave little doubt that Ahasuerus was Xerxes I, the son of Darius the Great (Hystaspis). The way the name Xerxes appears in the Persian inscription, when transliterated into Hebrew, is almost identical to the way it appears in the Hebrew text of the book of Esther. Everything said in the book of Esther regarding Ahasuerus agrees with this identification. From his capital at Susa (Shushan), in Elam, the Persian monarch also ruled over Media, and his domain extended from India to the islands of the Mediterranean. (Esther 1:2, 3; 8:9; 10:1) “This is all true of Xerxes, but of no other Persian monarch,” says scholar Lewis Bayles Paton. “The character of Ahasuerus, as portrayed in the Book of Est[her], also agrees well with the account of Xerxes given by Herodotus and other Greek historians.” What evidence is there that bricks were made in ancient Egypt? ▪ The Bible book of Exodus states that the Egyptians put their Hebrew slaves to work making bricks. The slaves had to make a prescribed number each day, using clay mortar and straw.—Exodus 1:14; 5:10-14. The making of sun-dried bricks was an important occupation in the Nile Valley in Bible times. Ancient monuments built from this material still stand in Egypt. A wall painting in the 15th-century B.C.E. tomb of Rekhmire in Thebes, almost contemporary with the events recounted in the book of Exodus, illustrates the process. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia describes the scene in this painting as follows: “Water is brought from a pool; mud is mixed with a hoe and then carried to a spot convenient for the brickmaker. This mud is pressed into a wooden mold which the brickmaker holds to the ground. The mold is then lifted off, leaving a newly shaped brick to dry in the sun. Rows and rows of bricks are molded and, when dry, stacked preparatory to use. This procedure is still followed in the Near East.” Different papyrus documents from the second millennium B.C.E. also refer to the making of bricks by serfs, to the use of straw and brick-clay, and to the daily production quota of bricks that workers had to meet. [Picture on page 22] Stone relief of Xerxes (standing) and Darius the Great (seated) [Credit Line] Werner Forman/Art Resource, NY [Picture on page 22] Detail of wall painting in tomb of Rekhmire [Credit Line] Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY
School Guidebook (sg) 1992	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/sg	Study 22 Effective Introductions 1-3. In the introduction of a talk by what means can you arouse interest for the subject? 1 Arousing interest. The introduction of a talk should arouse interest in the subject. It ought to capture the attention of your audience and prepare them to give favorable consideration to what follows. To accomplish this, it is necessary to show the value of your subject to the audience. 2 One of the best ways to arouse interest in a talk is to get your audience involved. Let them realize that this information is vital to them, that it concerns their life. In doing so you must start from the level of the audience. That means that what you say should be within the general knowledge of those listening. It might be an illustration, or a problem, or a series of questions. But it should always be something that will be familiar to your audience so that they can understand it and apply it to themselves. 3 It may be necessary, in some instances, to overcome prejudice in your introduction. If the subject being discussed is highly controversial, this may be particularly true. In such cases your introduction is vital if you are to hold your audience until the arguments establishing your point can be effectively covered. In the house-to-house ministry it is often possible to overcome a stock objection by mentioning it first in a tactful way and then proceeding with the material you wish to discuss. 4-6. What other factors will help our introductions to arouse interest? 4 What you say is always of primary importance. But to arouse interest through your introduction, how you say it is probably more important than in almost any other part of the talk. For this reason your introduction requires careful advance preparation not only as to what you are going to say but as to the manner in which you intend to deliver it. 5 Ordinarily, short, simple sentences will best accomplish your purpose in the introduction. Since word choice is so vital in accomplishing your objective in the short time available for the introduction, you might find it an advantage to prepare the first two or three sentences quite carefully. Write them out in your notes so that you can read them, or memorize them so that your opening words will carry all the impact they deserve and require. Besides, this will give you more confidence at the start and an opportunity to gain sufficient composure to carry on extemporaneously. 6 Just a few words further as regards delivery of your introduction, although your counselor will not be concerned with these points in connection with this speech quality. If you feel nervous, slow down and speak in a low-pitched voice. Speak with confidence, but avoid any impression of being dogmatic. Such bearing may alienate your audience at the outset. 7. When should you prepare your introduction? 7 Although the introduction to a talk is the first thing presented, it is usually prepared most effectively after the body of the talk has been well organized. This will allow you to know what it would be best to say in order to introduce properly the material that you have prepared. ******** 8-10. How can we make our introductions appropriate to the theme? 8 Appropriate to theme. Only if your introduction is appropriate to the theme will it lead into the subject effectively. Great care must be exercised to use in the introduction only what contributes to your purpose in speaking. It should, of course, be in keeping with the dignity of the Kingdom message and designed not to offend those who may be strangers in the audience. 9 Not only must your introduction lead into the subject of your discussion, but it must clearly present the particular aspect of the material that you are going to handle. This means limiting your subject to a specific theme and then, in some way, identifying that theme as much as is practical in your introduction. If you do not state the theme specifically, you might, in some instances, use key or theme words in the introduction. In this way your audience will not be expecting you to cover some other aspects of the subject that the input of your talk might suggest. 10 All talks should be a unified whole, not starting off with one thing and winding up with another. Furthermore, this matter of an introduction being appropriate to the theme must be balanced against making the introduction interest-arousing. In other words, the theme should not be sacrificed simply for a good story at the outset. The purpose of the talk should dominate in the selection of your material. And it must fit and cohere with the body of the talk. ******** 11-14. In what way can we determine if the introduction is of proper length? 11 Of proper length. How long should an introduction be? There is no specific answer that will fit all situations. The length of an introduction depends upon the time allowed for the subject itself, the purpose of the talk, the audience involved and many similar considerations. 12 In fact, in listening to a talk, it should usually be difficult, for the sake of continuity, to mark a clearly defined division between the introduction and the body. This is the problem your counselor will have in handling this quality on your Speech Counsel slip. Every student uses some introductory remarks in his talk, but the counselor will be interested in this: Is the introduction so rambling, so detailed, so lengthy, that your audience becomes restless before you get into the main arguments to be presented? 13 An introduction should proceed in a definite, orderly and rapid sequence of thought toward the subject without sacrificing interest-arousing qualities. It must be complete, with no gaps. This requires careful thought, because if your start is so remote from the subject that it demands lengthy and detailed explanation, then it would be best to revise your introduction and perhaps find a new starting point. 14 If it is difficult to find a marked division between the introduction and the body of the talk, then the chances are that your introduction is of proper length. It will indicate that you have so well brought your audience into the material that they are listening to your arguments without actually being aware of it. On the other hand, if they begin to wonder when you are going to get to the point, then you can be sure your introduction is too long. This is often a weakness in door-to-door presentations, where there is often a need to vary the length of your introductions from one door to the next. 15, 16. How long should the introduction of a talk be when it is part of a symposium? 15 When you are giving the only talk on the program, or giving a student talk, your introduction might be longer than on other occasions. But if your talk is part of a symposium, or if it is a part on a service meeting, then your introduction can be brief and to the point because it is a part of a unified whole that has already been introduced. Much time is consumed unnecessarily by lengthy, involved introductions. It is the body of the talk that is going to convey the ideas you have to present. 16 In summary, your introduction is only to establish contact, arouse interest and lead into the subject you are going to discuss. Do this with as much dispatch as is practicable and then get on into the real meat of your subject.
Live Forever (pe) 1989	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/pe	Chapter 30 What You Must Do to Live Forever 1. (a) What two courses are open to you? (b) How may you choose the right course? JEHOVAH GOD offers you something wonderful—everlasting life in his righteous new system of things. (2 Peter 3:13) But living then depends upon your doing God’s will now. The present wicked world, including all who remain a part of it, is about to pass away, “but he that does the will of God remains forever.” (1 John 2:17) So you must choose between two courses. One leads to death and the other to eternal life. (Deuteronomy 30:19, 20) Which one will you take? 2. (a) If you have true faith, of what will you be convinced? (b) How will trusting God as a child trusts a loving father help you to serve him? 2 How do you show that you are choosing life? First of all, you must have faith in Jehovah and in his promises. Are you firmly convinced that God exists “and that he becomes the rewarder of those earnestly seeking him”? (Hebrews 11:6) You need to trust God as a son or a daughter trusts a loving and merciful father. (Psalm 103:13, 14; Proverbs 3:11, 12) Having such faith, you will not doubt that his counsel is wise or that his ways are right, even if at times you do not understand matters fully. 3. (a) In addition to faith, what else is necessary? (b) What works are needed to show that you are choosing life? 3 However, more than faith is needed. There must also be works to demonstrate what your true feelings are about Jehovah. (James 2:20, 26) Have you done things to show that you are sorry for any failing in the past to do what is right? Have you been moved to repent or make changes to bring your life course into harmony with Jehovah’s will? Have you turned around, that is, rejected any wrong course that you may have been following, and have you begun doing the things God requires? (Acts 3:19; 17:30) Such works will show that you are choosing life. DEDICATION AND BAPTISM 4. (a) What should move you to do God’s will? (b) When you decide you want to serve God, what is it proper to do? 4 What should move you to choose life by doing God’s will? Appreciation should. Just think: Jehovah has made possible for you relief from all sickness, suffering, and even death! By the precious gift of his Son he has opened up to you the way to endless life in a paradise earth. (1 Corinthians 6:19, 20; 7:23; John 3:16) When Jehovah’s love moves you to love him in return, what should you do? (1 John 4:9, 10; 5:2, 3) You should approach God in Jesus’ name and tell him in prayer that you want to be his servant, that you want to belong to him. In this way you dedicate yourself to God. This is a personal, private matter. No one else can do it for you. 5. (a) After you make your dedication to God, what does he expect you to do? (b) What help is available to you in living up to your dedication? 5 After you have made your dedication to God, he will expect you to live up to it. So prove that you are a person of your word by sticking to this decision, or dedication, as long as you live. (Psalm 50:14) If you keep close to God’s visible organization, you can be helped by fellow Christians who will gladly give you loving encouragement and support.—1 Thessalonians 5:11. 6. (a) When you dedicate your life to God, what step then is necessary? (b) What is the meaning of baptism? 6 However, you must do more than privately tell Jehovah that you want to belong to him. You need to show before others that you have made a dedication to serve God. How do you do this? By getting baptized in water. Such water baptism is a public demonstration that a person has dedicated his life to Jehovah and is presenting himself to do His will. 7. (a) What example did Jesus provide for Christians? (b) Why is the baptism commanded by Jesus not for infants? 7 That water baptism is an important requirement is shown by the example of Jesus Christ. Jesus did not simply tell his Father that he had come to do His will. (Hebrews 10:7) When he was about to begin his service as a preacher of God’s kingdom, Jesus presented himself to Jehovah and was baptized in water. (Matthew 3:13-17) Since Jesus set the pattern, those today who dedicate themselves to Jehovah to do his will should be baptized. (1 Peter 2:21; 3:21) In fact, Jesus commanded his followers to make disciples of people of all nations and then to baptize these new disciples. This is no baptizing of infants. It is a baptism of persons who have become believers, having made up their minds to serve Jehovah.—Matthew 28:19; Acts 8:12. 8. If you want to be baptized, to whom in the congregation should you make this known, and why? 8 If you have made up your mind to serve Jehovah and want to be baptized, what should you do? You should make your desire known to the presiding overseer of the congregation of Jehovah’s Witnesses with which you are associating. He, along with other elders in the congregation, will gladly review with you information that you need to know in order to serve God in an acceptable way. Then it can be arranged for you to be baptized. GOD’S WILL FOR YOU TODAY 9. What did Noah do before the flood that it is God’s will for you to do now? 9 Before the flood, Jehovah used Noah, “a preacher of righteousness,” to warn of the coming destruction and to point to the only place of safety, the ark. (Matthew 24:37-39; 2 Peter 2:5; Hebrews 11:7) God’s will is that you now do a similar preaching work. Jesus foretold regarding our time: “This good news of the kingdom will be preached in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations; and then the end will come.” (Matthew 24:14) Others must know the things you have learned about God’s purposes if they are to survive this system’s end and live forever. (John 17:3) Is your heart not moved to have a part in sharing this life-giving knowledge with others? 10. (a) What example of Jesus should love of people move us to follow? (b) How is much of the preaching work done? 10 Follow Christ’s example. He did not wait for people to come to him, but he went looking for those who would listen to the Kingdom message. And he instructed his followers—all of them—to do the same. (Matthew 28:19; Acts 4:13; Romans 10:10-15) Following Christ’s instruction and example, early Christians called on people in their homes. They went “from house to house” with the Kingdom message. (Luke 10:1-6; Acts 20:20) This is still the main way that true Christians carry on their ministry in our day. 11. (a) Why does it take courage to preach about God’s kingdom, but why do we not need to fear? (b) How does Jehovah view the work we do? 11 It takes courage to do this work. Satan and his world are sure to try to stop you, even as they tried to stop Christ’s early followers from preaching. (Acts 4:17-21; 5:27-29, 40-42) But you need not fear. Just as Jehovah backed up and strengthened those early Christians, he will do the same for you today. (2 Timothy 4:17) So take courage! Prove that you really do love Jehovah and your fellow humans by having a full share in the lifesaving preaching and teaching work. (1 Corinthians 9:16; 1 Timothy 4:16) Jehovah will not forget your work, but will richly reward you.—Hebrews 6:10-12; Titus 1:2. 12. What can we learn from the example of the wife of Lot? 12 There is nothing of real value that this old system has to offer, so never think you are missing out by turning your back on it. “Remember the wife of Lot,” Jesus said. (Luke 17:32) After she and her family escaped from Sodom, she looked in a longing way at the things they had left behind. God saw where her heart was, and she became a pillar of salt. (Genesis 19:26) Do not be like Lot’s wife! Keep your eyes on what is ahead, on “the real life” in God’s righteous new order.—1 Timothy 6:19. CHOOSE ETERNAL LIFE IN PARADISE ON EARTH 13. How did Jesus present the choice that all of us have to make? 13 Really, there are but two choices. Christ compared it to the choice of either one of two roads. One road, he said, is “broad and spacious.” On it travelers are permitted freedom to please themselves. The other road, however, is “cramped.” Yes, those on that road are required to obey the instructions and laws of God. The majority, Jesus noted, are taking the broad road, only a few the narrow one. Which road will you choose? In making your choice, keep this in mind: The broad road will suddenly come to a dead end—destruction! On the other hand, the narrow road will lead you right through into God’s new system. There you can share in making the earth a glorious paradise, where you can live forever in happiness.—Matthew 7:13, 14. 14. What must you be a part of in order to survive into God’s new system? 14 Do not conclude that there are different roads, or ways, that you can follow to gain life in God’s new system. There is only one. There was just the one ark that survived the Flood, not a number of boats. And there will be only one organization—God’s visible organization—that will survive the fast-approaching “great tribulation.” It is simply not true that all religions lead to the same goal. (Matthew 7:21-23; 24:21) You must be part of Jehovah’s organization, doing God’s will, in order to receive his blessing of everlasting life.—Psalm 133:1-3. 15. (a) What do we need to do every day? (b) What hope is much more than a dream? 15 So keep the picture of God’s promised new system of things bright in your mind and heart. Every day think about the grand prize that Jehovah God holds out to you—living forever in Paradise on earth. This is no dream. It is real! For the Bible promise is certain to be fulfilled: “The righteous themselves will possess the earth, and they will reside forever upon it. . . . When the wicked ones are cut off, you will see it.”—Psalm 37:29, 34. [Picture on page 251] Dedicate yourself to Jehovah . . . and get baptized [Picture on page 253] “Remember the wife of Lot” [Pictures on page 254] Keep God’s new system bright in your mind and heart
Remain in God’s Love (lvs) 2017	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/lvs	How to Remain in God’s Love
Revelation Climax (re) 1988	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/re	Chapter 17 ‘Slaughtered Souls’ Rewarded 1. In what period of time are we living, and what evidence is there for this? GOD’S Kingdom rules! The Rider of the white horse is about to complete his conquest! The red horse, the black horse, and the pale horse are galloping through the earth! Indisputably, Jesus’ own prophecies concerning his royal presence are being fulfilled. (Matthew, chapters 24, 25; Mark, chapter 13; Luke, chapter 21) Yes, we are living in the last days of this system of things. (2 Timothy 3:1-5) That being so, let us pay close attention as the Lamb, Jesus Christ, breaks open the fifth seal of that scroll. In what further revelation are we now to share? 2. (a) What did John see when the fifth seal was opened? (b) Why should we not be surprised to read of a symbolic altar of sacrifice in heaven? 2 John describes a moving scene: “And when he opened the fifth seal, I saw underneath the altar the souls of those slaughtered because of the word of God and because of the witness work that they used to have.” (Revelation 6:9) What is that? A sacrificial altar up in heaven? Yes! It is the first time that John mentions an altar. Already, though, he has described Jehovah on His throne, the surrounding cherubs, the glassy sea, the lamps, and the 24 elders carrying incense—all of these resembling features of the earthly tabernacle, Jehovah’s sanctuary in Israel. (Exodus 25:17, 18; 40:24-27, 30-32; 1 Chronicles 24:4) Should it, then, surprise us to find a symbolic altar of sacrifice also in heaven?—Exodus 40:29. 3. (a) At the ancient Jewish tabernacle, how were souls poured “at the base of the altar”? (b) Why did John see the souls of slaughtered witnesses underneath a symbolic altar in heaven? 3 Underneath this altar are “the souls of those slaughtered because of the word of God and because of the witness work that they used to have.” What does this mean? These could not be disembodied souls—like those believed in by the pagan Greeks. (Genesis 2:7; Ezekiel 18:4) Rather, John knows that the soul, or life, is symbolized by the blood, and when the priests at the ancient Jewish tabernacle slaughtered a sacrificial animal, they sprinkled the blood “round about upon the altar” or poured it “at the base of the altar of burnt offering.” (Leviticus 3:2, 8, 13; 4:7; 17:6, 11, 12) Hence, the animal’s soul was closely identified with the altar of sacrifice. But why would the souls, or blood, of these particular servants of God be seen underneath a symbolic altar in heaven? Because their deaths are viewed as sacrificial. 4. In what way is the death of spirit-begotten Christians sacrificial? 4 Indeed, all those who are begotten as spirit sons of God die a sacrificial death. Because of the role they are to play in Jehovah’s heavenly Kingdom, it is God’s will that they renounce and sacrifice any hope of life everlasting on earth. In this respect, they submit to a sacrificial death in behalf of Jehovah’s sovereignty. (Philippians 3:8-11; compare 2:17.) This is true in a very real sense of those whom John saw under the altar. They are anointed ones who in their day were martyred for their zealous ministry in upholding Jehovah’s Word and sovereignty. Their “souls [were] slaughtered because of the word of God and because of the witness work [mar·ty·riʹan] that they used to have.” 5. How is it that the souls of faithful ones, although dead, are crying out for vengeance? 5 The scenario continues to unfold: “And they cried with a loud voice, saying: ‘Until when, Sovereign Lord holy and true, are you refraining from judging and avenging our blood upon those who dwell on the earth?’” (Revelation 6:10) How can their souls, or blood, cry out for vengeance, since the Bible shows that the dead are unconscious? (Ecclesiastes 9:5) Well, did not righteous Abel’s blood cry out after Cain murdered him? Jehovah then said to Cain: “What have you done? Listen! Your brother’s blood is crying out to me from the ground.” (Genesis 4:10, 11; Hebrews 12:24) It was not that Abel’s blood was literally uttering words. Rather, Abel had died as an innocent victim, and justice called out for his murderer to be punished. Similarly, those Christian martyrs are innocent, and in justice they must be avenged. (Luke 18:7, 8) The cry for vengeance is loud because many thousands have thus died.—Compare Jeremiah 15:15, 16. 6. What shedding of innocent blood was avenged in 607 B.C.E.? 6 The situation may also be likened to that in apostate Judah when King Manasseh came to the throne in 716 B.C.E. He shed much innocent blood, probably ‘sawing asunder’ the prophet Isaiah. (Hebrews 11:37; 2 Kings 21:16) Although Manasseh later repented and reformed, that bloodguilt remained. In 607 B.C.E., when the Babylonians desolated the kingdom of Judah, “it was only by the order of Jehovah that it took place against Judah, to remove it from his sight for the sins of Manasseh, according to all that he had done; and also for the innocent blood that he had shed, so that he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood, and Jehovah did not consent to grant forgiveness.”—2 Kings 24:3, 4. 7. Who is primarily guilty of shedding “the blood of the holy ones”? 7 As in Bible times, so today many of the individuals who killed God’s witnesses may be long dead. But the organization that caused their martyrdom is still very much alive and bloodguilty. It is Satan’s earthly organization, his earthly seed. Prominent therein is Babylon the Great, the world empire of false religion.a She is described as being “drunk with the blood of the holy ones and with the blood of the witnesses of Jesus.” Yes, “in her was found the blood of prophets and of holy ones and of all those who have been slaughtered on the earth.” (Revelation 17:5, 6; 18:24; Ephesians 4:11; 1 Corinthians 12:28) What a load of bloodguiltiness! As long as Babylon the Great exists, the blood of her victims will cry out for justice.—Revelation 19:1, 2. 8. (a) What instances of martyrdom had taken place during John’s lifetime? (b) What persecutions were instigated by Roman emperors? 8 John himself witnessed martyrdom in the first century as the cruel Serpent and his earthly seed waged war on the growing congregation of anointed Christians. John had seen our Lord impaled and had survived through the slayings of Stephen, of his own brother James, and of Peter, Paul, and other close associates. (John 19:26, 27; 21:15, 18, 19; Acts 7:59, 60; 8:2; 12:2; 2 Timothy 1:1; 4:6, 7) In 64 C.E., Roman emperor Nero had made a scapegoat of the Christians, accusing them of burning the city, to counteract a rumor that he was the guilty one. The historian Tacitus reports: “They [Christians] died by methods of mockery; some were covered with the skins of wild beasts and then torn by dogs, some were [impaled],b some were burned as torches to light at night.” A further wave of persecution under Emperor Domitian (81-96 C.E.) had resulted in John’s being exiled to the island of Patmos. As Jesus said: “If they have persecuted me, they will persecute you also.”—John 15:20; Matthew 10:22. 9. (a) What masterpiece of deception did Satan bring forth by the fourth century C.E., and of what is it the main part? (b) How did some rulers in Christendom treat Jehovah’s Witnesses during World Wars I and II? 9 By the fourth century C.E., that old serpent, Satan the Devil, had brought forth his masterpiece of deception, the apostate religion of Christendom—a Babylonish system hidden under a “Christian” veneer. It is the principal part of the seed of the Serpent and has developed into a multitude of conflicting sects. Like unfaithful Judah of old, Christendom carries a heavy bloodguilt, having been deeply involved on both sides in World Wars I and II. Some political rulers in Christendom even used these wars as a pretext for slaughtering anointed servants of God. Reporting on Hitler’s persecution of Jehovah’s Witnesses, a review of Friedrich Zipfel’s book Kirchenkampf in Deutschland (Fight of the Churches in Germany) stated: “One third of them [the Witnesses] were killed, either by execution, other violent acts, hunger, sickness or slave labor. The severity of this subjection was without precedent and was the result of uncompromising faith that could not be harmonized with National Socialistic ideology.” Truly, it can be said of Christendom, including its priesthood: “In your skirts there have been found the blood marks of the souls of the innocent poor ones.”—Jeremiah 2:34.c 10. What persecutions have young men of the great crowd suffered in many lands? 10 Since 1935 faithful young men of the great crowd have borne the brunt of persecution in many lands. (Revelation 7:9) Even as World War II ended in Europe, in just one town 14 young Witnesses of Jehovah were executed by hanging. Their crime? Refusal to “learn war anymore.” (Isaiah 2:4) More recently, young men in the Orient and in Africa have been beaten to death or executed by firing squad over the same issue. These youthful martyrs, worthy supporters of Jesus’ anointed brothers, will surely have a resurrection into the promised new earth.—2 Peter 3:13; compare Psalm 110:3; Matthew 25:34-40; Luke 20:37, 38. A White Robe 11. In what sense do martyred anointed Christians receive “a white robe”? 11 After documenting the faith of integrity keepers of ancient times, the apostle Paul said: “And yet all these, although they had witness borne to them through their faith, did not get the fulfillment of the promise, as God foresaw something better for us, in order that they might not be made perfect apart from us.” (Hebrews 11:39, 40) What is that “something better” that Paul and other anointed Christians anticipate? John sees it here in vision: “And a white robe was given to each of them; and they were told to rest a little while longer, until the number was filled also of their fellow slaves and their brothers who were about to be killed as they also had been.” (Revelation 6:11) Their receiving “a white robe” has to do with their resurrection to be immortal spirit creatures. No longer do they lie as slaughtered souls underneath the altar, but they are raised to be part of the group of 24 elders that worship before the heavenly throne of God. There, they themselves have been given thrones, showing that they have entered into royal privileges. And they are “dressed in white outer garments,” signifying that they have been adjudged righteous, worthy of an honored place before Jehovah in that heavenly court. This is also in fulfillment of Jesus’ promise to faithful anointed Christians in the congregation in Sardis: “He that conquers will thus be arrayed in white outer garments.”—Revelation 3:5; 4:4; 1 Peter 1:4. 12. In what way do resurrected anointed ones “rest a little while longer,” and until when? 12 All the evidence indicates that this heavenly resurrection began in 1918, after Jesus’ enthronement in 1914 and his riding forth to start his kingly conquest by cleansing the heavens of Satan and his demons. Yet, those resurrected anointed ones are told that they must “rest a little while longer, until the number . . . also of their fellow slaves” is filled. Those of the John class still on earth must prove their integrity under trial and persecution, and some of these may yet be killed. Finally, though, all the righteous blood shed by Babylon the Great and her political paramours will be avenged. In the meantime, resurrected ones are doubtless busy with heavenly duties. They rest, not by relaxing in blissful inactivity, but in that they patiently await the day of Jehovah’s vengeance. (Isaiah 34:8; Romans 12:19) Their rest will end when they witness the destruction of false religion and, as “called and chosen and faithful” ones, they accompany the Lord Jesus Christ in executing judgment on all other parts of Satan’s wicked seed here on earth.—Revelation 2:26, 27; 17:14; Romans 16:20. ‘Those Who Are Dead Rise First’ 13, 14. (a) According to the apostle Paul, when does the heavenly resurrection begin, and who are resurrected? (b) When are the anointed who survive into the Lord’s day resurrected to heaven? 13 The insight granted by the opening of the fifth seal agrees completely with other scriptures that have to do with the heavenly resurrection. For example, the apostle Paul wrote: “For this is what we tell you by Jehovah’s word, that we the living who survive to the presence of the Lord shall in no way precede those who have fallen asleep in death; because the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a commanding call, with an archangel’s voice and with God’s trumpet, and those who are dead in union with Christ will rise first. Afterward we the living who are surviving will, together with them, be caught away in clouds to meet the Lord in the air; and thus we shall always be with the Lord.”—1 Thessalonians 4:15-17. 14 What a stirring story these verses tell! Those of Jesus’ anointed brothers who survive to Jesus’ presence, that is, who are still alive on earth during his presence, are preceded into heaven by those who have already died. Such ones, dead in union with Christ, rise first. Jesus descends, that is, turns his attention to them, and resurrects them to spirit life, giving them “a white robe.” Afterward, those who are still alive as humans finish their earthly course, many of them dying violently at the hands of opposers. They do not, however, sleep in death as their predecessors did. Rather, when they die, they are instantly changed—“in the twinkling of an eye”—caught away to the heavens to be with Jesus and fellow members of the body of Christ. (1 Corinthians 15:50-52; compare Revelation 14:13.) Thus, the resurrection of anointed Christians starts soon after the four horsemen of Apocalypse begin their ride. 15. (a) What good news has the opening of the fifth seal provided? (b) How does the ride of the Conqueror on the white horse culminate? 15 The opening of this fifth seal of the scroll has provided good news concerning anointed integrity keepers who have conquered, faithful to the death. But it provides no good news for Satan and his seed. The ride of the Conqueror on the white horse continues irresistibly and culminates in a time of reckoning for the world that “is lying in the power of the wicked one.” (1 John 5:19) This is made clear when the Lamb opens the sixth seal. [Footnotes] a The identity of Babylon the Great is discussed in detail in Chapter 33. b Compare New World Translation Reference Bible, page 1577, appendix 5C, “Torture Stake.” c Proof of religion’s bloodguilt is given in more detail in Chapter 36. [Box on page 102] ‘Slaughtered souls’ McClintock and Strong’s Cyclopedia quotes John Jortin, an 18th-century English Protestant, born of French Huguenot parents, as saying: “Where persecution begins, Christianity ends . . . It was after Christianity had been established as the religion of the [Roman] empire, and after wealth and honor had been conferred on its ministers, that the monstrous evil of persecution acquired gigantic strength, and threw its blasting influence over the religion of the Gospel.” [Picture on page 103] “And a white robe was given to each of them”
God’s Kingdom Has Approached (ka) 1973	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ka	Chapter 11 “Here Is the Bridegroom!” 1. During this indefinitely long sleep of the “ten virgins,” there would be stirrings on whose part, and especially after what religious awakening? DURING that indefinitely long sleep as foretold in Jesus’ parable, there must have been some stirrings on the part of the symbolic “virgins,” especially on the part of the “discreet” virgins who had brought along an extra supply of oil in their receptacles. This was so particularly after there was a religious awakening in the early sixteenth century C.E. and an effort was strenuously put forth in Europe to return to the inspired Holy Scriptures as the sole book of divine truth, the true inspired guide for the followers of Christ the Bridegroom. Christ’s promise to come again made quite an impression on sincere Bible readers and students. They saw that this second coming would be premillennial, that is to say, before the promised Millennium began, this millennium to be marked by Satan’s being bound and imprisoned in the “bottomless pit” or “abyss.” 2. How did the Lutheran theologian J. A. Bengel play a part in such stirrings religiously? 2 For instance, in the first half of the eighteenth century there arose a Lutheran theologian named Johann Albrecht Bengel, who was born at Winnenden in Wuerttemberg, Germany, in 1687 and died in 1752 C.E. He wrote a number of books on the Sacred Scriptures. Says the Encyclopædia Britannica (eleventh edition) concerning them: The more important are: Ordo Temporum [Order of the Times], a treatise on the chronology of Scripture, in which he enters upon speculations regarding the end of the world, and an Exposition of the Apocalypse which enjoyed for a time great popularity in Germany, and was translated into several languages.—Volume 3, page 737. Says M’Clintock and Strong’s Cyclopædia concerning Bengel: His chronological works, endeavoring to fix the “number of the beast,” the date of the “millennium” (he was positive in fixing the beginning of the millennium at the year 1836), etc., have rather detracted from his reputation for solidity of judgment.—Volume 1, pages 749, 750. 3. (a) Why did those published writings of Bengel not prove to be the midnight cry about the Bridegroom? (b) How did another stirring come with William Miller of Pittsfield, Massachusetts? 3 However, the published writings of Bengel in the first half of the eighteenth century did not prove to be the midnight cry: “Behold, the bridegroom! Come out to meet him.” “Here is the bridegroom! Be on your way out to meet him.” (Matthew 25:6, Revised Standard Version; New World Translation) Those who followed up Bengel’s publications and acted according to them did not meet the heavenly Bridegroom in the year 1836 by a visible return of Him in the flesh. In course of time there came other stirrings among those Christians who professed to be of the “chaste virgin” class, particularly that in connection with a man born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A., in the year 1781. This man was William Miller, who became the founder of the so-called Millerites or Adventists. Says M’Clintock and Strong’s Cyclopædia, Volume 6, page 271: About 1833, when a resident of Low Hampton, N.Y., he began his career as an apostle of the new doctrine, which taught that the world was coming to an end in 1843. The main argument on which his belief rested was that relative to the termination of the 2300 days in Daniel 8:14, which he regarded as years. Then considering the seventy weeks in Daniel 9:24, as the key to the date of the 2300 days of the preceding chapter, and dating the periods B.C. 457, when Artaxerxes, king of Persia, sent up Ezra from his captivity, to restore the Jewish polity at Jerusalem (Ezra 7), and ending the seventy weeks, as commentators generally do, in A.D. 33, with the crucifixion of Christ, he found the remainder of the 2300 days, which was 1810, would end in 1843. For ten years he held forth to this purport, and succeeded in gathering a large number of followers, which is said to have reached fifty thousand, who awaited, with credulous expectation, the appointed day. The result, however, turning out contrary to the teaching of their apostle, the Adventists, as they are sometimes termed, gradually forsook Miller. He died at Low Hampton, Washington County, N.Y., December 20, 1849. 4. (a) How did the Miller movement not prove to be the midnight cry? (b) Thirty years later, what did an independent group of Bible students discover about Christ’s second coming? 4 Evidently, then, the launching of the Millerite movement did not turn out to be the midnight cry, “Here is the bridegroom!” The heavenly Bridegroom did not appear in the flesh visibly to those Adventists and take them in a rapture to their desired heavenly home, in 1843. And yet Bible study continued on. Thirty years later found a small group of men, not associated with the Adventists or affiliated with any of the religious sects of Christendom, studying the Holy Scriptures at Pittsburgh (Allegheny), Pennsylvania, U.S.A. They studied independently so as to avoid looking at the Bible through sectarian spectacles. Among these men was one Charles Taze Russell, just entered into his twenties. They were, of course, intensely interested in the second coming of the heavenly Bridegroom, Jesus Christ. However, their Bible studies led to their discovery that Christ’s return would be an invisible one, not visibly in the flesh as a materialized man, but invisibly in the spirit, inasmuch as he was no longer flesh and blood. His arrival would therefore be unseen to men, and this arrival would begin an invisible presence or parousia on his part. But it would be made manifest by evidences. “SEVEN TIMES”—“THE TIMES OF THE GENTILES” 5. In the course of their studies, what time period mentioned by Jesus did they consider, and, in 1876, what did Russell have published about the end of that period? 5 In the course of their Bible studies, these searching students took up a consideration of the “times of the Gentiles,” as spoken of by Jesus at Luke 21:24 (AV), and they associated those Gentile Times with the “seven times” mentioned four times in Daniel, chapter four, verses 16, 23, 25, 32. What did those Bible students determine to be the date for those “seven times” of Gentile domination of the earth to end legally before God? Well, at that time there was a monthly magazine being published in Brooklyn, New York, by one George Storrs, and it was called “Bible Examiner.” In the year 1876 the twenty-four-year-old Russell made a contribution on the subject to this magazine. It was published in Volume XXI, Number 1, which was the issue of October, 1876. On pages 27, 28 of that issue Russell’s article was published under the input “Gentile Times: When Do They End?” In that article (page 27) Russell said: “The seven times will end in A.D. 1914.” 6. (a) In 1877, what book did Russell join in publishing, and what did it say about the end of the Gentile Times? (b) When did the chronology then followed end six thousand years of man’s existence, but in what year was the seventh millennium figured to begin? 6 In the following year (1877) Russell joined with one Nelson H. Barbour, of Rochester, New York, in publishing a book eninputd “Three Worlds, and the Harvest of This World.” In this book it was set forth that the end of the Gentile Times in 1914 C.E. would be preceded by a period of forty years marked by the opening of a harvest of three and a half years, beginning in 1874 C.E. This harvest was understood to be under the invisible direction of the Lord Jesus Christ, whose presence or parousia began in the year 1874. Shortly afterward was understood to be the beginning of the great antitypical Jubilee for mankind, that had been foreshadowed by the ancient “jubilee” observances of the Jews under the law of Moses. (Leviticus, chapter twenty-five) According to the Bible chronology that was thereafter adopted, the six thousand years of man’s existence on the earth ended in the year 1872 but the Lord Jesus did not come at the end of those six millenniums of human existence, rather, at the start of the antitypical Jubilee in October of 1874. The year 1874 was calculated as being the end of six millenniums of sin among mankind. From this latter date mankind was understood to be in the seventh millennium.—Revelation 20:4. 7. (a) Why did Russell’s religious magazine when published in 1879 include in its input “And Herald of Christ’s Presence”? (b) What was to happen when that “presence” reached the end of the Gentile Times in 1914? 7 From that understanding of matters, the “chaste virgin” class began going forth to meet the heavenly Bridegroom in the year 1874, as they believed him to have arrived in that year and to be from then on invisibly present. They felt that they were already living in the invisible presence of the Bridegroom. Due to this fact, when Charles T. Russell began publishing his own religious magazine in July of 1879, he published it under the input “Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence.” He had already become familiar with Wilson’s The Emphatic Diaglott, which translated the Greek word pa·rou·siʹa as “presence,” not “coming,” in Matthew 24:3 and elsewhere. The new magazine was heralding Christ’s invisible presence as having begun in 1874. This presence was to continue until the end of the Gentile Times in 1914, when the Gentile nations would be destroyed and the remnant of the “chaste virgin” class would be glorified with their bridegroom in heaven by death and resurrection to life in the spirit. Thus the class pictured by the five wise virgins would enter through the door into the wedding. 8. (a) What did the remnant of the “chaste virgin” class look forward to eagerly, and why? (b) On the morning of that day, what did Russell announce to the headquarters staff of workers in Brooklyn, N.Y.? 8 As the years passed by and the time drew closer, the remnant of the “chaste virgin” class looked ahead with intensifying interest to that critical date, October 1, 1914. These were a class of Christians separated from this unclean world and fully “consecrated” to God through Christ, and they had symbolized their “consecration” to God by water immersion. They were endeavoring to let their light shine as they approached the time when they expected to meet their Bridegroom in the heavens. Finally the day arrived, October 1, 1914, and on the morning of that day Charles T. Russell as president of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society announced to the headquarters staff of workers in Brooklyn, New York: “The Gentile Times have ended and their kings have had their day.” 9. However, when did Russell himself die, and what conclusion must be drawn therefrom? 9 However, with that end of the Gentile Times there did not also come the anticipated glorification of the remnant of the church in the heavens. It was first on October 31, 1916, that Russell himself died, leaving the Society’s presidency to another. Something must have been miscalculated. 10. (a) What did October 1, 1914, see shaping up for the remnant of the “chaste virgin” class on earth? (b) When did the persecution reach a climax, and what letter shows a heart yearning for union with the heavenly Bridegroom? 10 Instead of seeing the glorification of the Christian church in heaven, the date of October 1, 1914, saw great trouble shaping up for those who were desirous of meeting the heavenly Bridegroom. As the years of World War I dragged on in a horrifying fashion there came a climax to the persecution that continued to be heaped upon the “chaste virgin” class. This came in the summer of 1918, when the Watch Tower Society’s new president, Joseph F. Rutherford, and the secretary-treasurer thereof, W. E. Van Amburgh, and six other Christian men connected with the headquarters staff in Brooklyn, New York, were unjustly convicted in a Federal court and imprisoned in the Federal penitentiary in Atlanta, Georgia. From his cell there, President Rutherford addressed a letter to his fellow Christians who were undergoing persecution outside prison bars and walls. A portion of this letter was printed on the fourth page of the program of the four-day convention of the International Bible Students Association, August 30 to September 2, 1918, at Milwaukee, Wisconsin.a This letter revealed the heart-yearning of the “chaste virgin” class for an early union with the Bridegroom in the heavens, especially in these lines that we quote therefrom: TO THE ISRAEL OF GOD “Dearly Beloved in Christ:— “Prison life seems strange; and yet every experience is attended with joy, since we look at all such from the heavenly viewpoint. Truly now we can sing: ‘Fade, fade, each earthly joy, Jesus is mine!’ “In fact, there are now no earthly joys; but we are looking with joyful anticipation to our gathering home. . . . We often feel in a strait betwixt two—whether we would prefer to depart or to come and serve you a season before we go home. His will be done! I feel sure that all these experiences are ripening the church preparatory to the final ingathering. The letters from the dear ones elsewhere show how sweetly they are yielding to the fire that is consuming the sacrifice. . . . “ . . . Do all you can to encourage the dear sheep of the flock. Comfort them with the sweet promises of an early and glorious home-coming. Never have I loved you all so much as now. How sweet it will be to gather around our Father’s throne and rejoice with joy unspeakable forevermore!. . . “I thank our dear Father for being so good as to send seven brethren with me, that we may have these privileges together. . . . “Know of a certainty that we greatly love you all. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. “Your brother and servant by His grace, “J. F. RUTHERFORD.” 11. (a) During that persecution, what did the remnant of the “chaste virgin” class not appreciate regarding 1874? (b) How long did the Society’s representatives serve in penitentiary, and what opened up on their release? 11 During all these hard experiences amid the darkness of World War I the suffering remnant of the “chaste virgin” class did not appreciate that the year 1874, then over forty years in the past, had not been the time of the Bridegroom’s return and the time for announcing: “Here is the bridegroom! Be on your way out to meet him.” The time of the midnight cry was yet ahead, but close at hand. The time spent in prison by President Rutherford did not prove to be twenty years, according to the sentence that had been imposed upon him by the court on June 21, 1918, but turned out to be only nine months. On March 25, 1919, he and his seven companions were released from the Atlanta Penitentiary and returned to Brooklyn, New York, where, on March 26, they were all admitted to bail and an appeal was granted to them. They were again free to take up their postwar work with all other members of the remnant of the “chaste virgin” class. This remnant had experienced no ingathering to their heavenly Father’s throne away from the increasing darkness of this wicked world. A new period of Christian service on earth was opening up! 12. What part of Jesus’ parable of the “ten virgins” did they then experience? 12 It was at this critical juncture that they experienced what was foretold by the heavenly Bridegroom in his parable of the “ten virgins,” in these words: “Right in the middle of the night there arose a cry, ‘Here is the bridegroom! Be on your way out to meet him.’ Then all those virgins rose and put their lamps in order.”—Matthew 25:6, 7. 13, 14. (a) In the parable, by whom was the bridegroom’s presence announced, and how was this fulfilled? (b) Since 1914, what evidence was there to prove that the heavenly Bridegroom was really present? 13 In the parable the announcement of the bridegroom’s being there was not made by the “ten virgins.” It was evidently made by the bridegroom’s attendants. The virgins merely heard the cry. Likewise, in the year 1919 C.E., the fact of the heavenly Bridegroom’s invisible presence was thrust upon all those who claimed to be like the virgins awaiting the coming of the Bridegroom to lead them to the spiritual wedding feast inside his Father’s home. 14 Hence, the year 1919 proved to be a rousing year for all the professed “virgins,” the foolish ones and the discreet ones. The first global war was over, and the League of Nations was pushed forward as an international organization for world peace and security. Since the outbreak of that world war in 1914 a sufficient number of features of Jesus’ prophecy concerning his parousia and the conclusion of the system of things had been fulfilled to make up a composite “sign” that Jesus Christ had indeed come into his heavenly kingdom at the end of the Gentile Times in 1914. So the promised Messianic kingdom of God had been established in the heavens. World history and Church history now really proved that the Christ was present! PUTTING THEIR “LAMPS” IN ORDER 15. (a) What subinput could the Watch Tower magazine now correctly bear? (b) Watch Tower readers world wide were stirred by what announcement in the issue of April 15, 1919? 15 Now at last the Watch Tower magazine could rightly bear the subinput “And Herald of Christ’s Presence.” The eight Christian Bible students released from the Federal penitentiary in March were privileged to attend the annual celebration of the Lord’s Supper on Sunday night, April 13, 1919, and, according to an incomplete report of the total attendance published in The Watch Tower as of May 15, page 151, there were upward of 17,961 who celebrated. Pages 117, 118 of the Watch Tower issue of April 15, 1919, announced the release on bail of $10,000 each of the eight falsely accused men, and the grand reception that was given to them at the Brooklyn Bethel home by hundreds of fellow Christians. This announcement, published world wide, had a stimulating effect on readers of The Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence. 16. (a) According to Isaiah 60:2, for what was it then the time? (b) How was the courage of the “consecrated” Bible students strengthened, and what international gathering was held? 16 It was now no time for spiritual drowsiness and sleep. It was a time for action when, as Isaiah 60:2 foretold, “darkness itself will cover the earth, and thick gloom the national groups; but upon you Jehovah will shine forth, and upon you his own glory will be seen.” The world situation called for courageous action on the part of all the “consecrated” Bible students. No time was lost in strengthening the Christian courage of those who had been looking for the Bridegroom, for, in the Watch Tower issues of August 1 and 15, 1919, there were published the two articles on the theme “Blessed Are the Fearless,” together with announcements of arrangements for a “General Convention: Cedar Point, Lake Erie,” for eight days, September 1-8, and on an international scale. Vigorously shaking themselves free of spiritual sleepiness, thousands of God’s “consecrated” people flocked to the convention location, around 6,000, particularly from Canada and the United States, attending the daily sessions. That stirring convention was an occasion for the “consecrated” ones to renew their resolves to be wide awake and active in God’s service that lay ahead. 17, 18. (a) On “Co-laborers Day” of that General Convention, what was announced for publication, and with what prospect? (b) In what way were the instructions on how to proceed with the work encouraging, and were the happenings of that convention day merely of passing interest? 17 Tremendous enthusiasm was evoked on “Colaborers Day,” Friday, September 5, when President J. F. Rutherford announced the publication of a new magazine from October 1, 1919, onward, to be eninputd “The Golden Age.” This was to be a companion of the Watch Tower magazine for publishing the good news of God’s Messianic kingdom, and God’s “consecrated” people were encouraged to take part in getting subscriptions for it, looking to the time for the circulating of 4,000,000 copies of an issue. Later, additional instructions on how to proceed in this worldwide publicity work appeared in the two-and-a-half-page article eninputd “Announcing the Kingdom,” on pages 279-281 of The Watch Tower as of September 15, 1919. 18 What an energizing call to all readers was the statement in the third-last paragraph of this article: “Enter it quickly. Remember as you go forth in this work you are not soliciting merely as the agent of a magazine, but you are an ambassador of the King of kings and Lord of lords, announcing to the people in this dignified manner the incoming of the Golden Age, the glorious kingdom of our Lord and Master, for which true Christians have hoped and prayed for many centuries”! There was an instantaneous response to that invitation into this new feature of the Kingdom work, and today, more than fifty-three years later, that same magazine bearing now the name “Awake!” has a printing of 7,500,000 copies of each issue. Certainly the presence of those 6,000 “consecrated” Christians there at Cedar Point, Ohio, and their hailing of the announcement of the Golden Age magazine on Friday, September 5, 1919, were not by any means things of passing interest, that were of no consequence in the history of God’s “chaste virgin” class in this true time of Christ’s parousia. That virgin class has not gone asleep again! 19. The putting of the lamps in order called for what action, and why did this lead to a division between the virgins? 19 That was truly the time when “all those virgins rose and put their lamps in order.” (Matthew 25:7) In the parable, this required the virgins to refill their lamps with oil, for their lamps were “about to go out.” But, alas! the foolish virgins found that they were unable immediately to refill their lamps; they had brought no receptacles filled with oil along with them, whereas the discreet virgins had done so. This led to a division among the virgins. Why? Matthew 25:8, 9 explains, saying: “The foolish said to the discreet, ‘Give us some of your oil, because our lamps are about to go out.’ The discreet answered with the words, ‘Perhaps there may not be quite enough for us and you. Be on your way, instead, to those who sell it and buy for yourselves.’” 20. Was it selfish on the part of the discreet virgins to refuse to share their oil with the foolish ones, and what was the resolve of the discreet ones? 20 We can imagine what difficulty that would entail upon those foolish virgins, to go at that hour of the night and try to locate an open oil shop or oil dealers who would accommodate them with the needed oil. Well, then, was that not selfish on the part of the discreet virgins, not to share their supply with the indiscreet virgins? No! for had they done so, then none of the ten virgins would have got to the door of the bridegroom’s house and entered into the wedding feast. The divided supply of all the ten would have given out before they got there. The discreet virgins showed that they felt obligated to get there by bringing along an emergency supply of oil. This showed, also, that they all had determined to get there, and now these discreet virgins were not allowing themselves to be frustrated and come short of their good purpose to the honor of the bridegroom. Furthermore, oil was still available for the foolish virgins from other sources without their hindering or endangering the success of the discreet virgins. 21. What does this not mean as to the “discreet” virgin class’ treatment of one who desired to study the Bible and learn about the Bridegroom? 21 How does this work out in the fulfillment of the parable in this time of the parousia or presence of the heavenly Bridegroom? Does it mean that, if some honest person who heard about the invisible presence of the Lord Jesus Christ desired to have the “discreet” virgin class study the Bible with him and share in honoring the Bridegroom, the “discreet” virgin class would refuse to do so but would tell the person to shift for himself? If he wanted to get filled with God’s Word and holy spirit, would it be violating the lesson of the parable to do so? Not at all. 22. In considering the question of sharing the “oil,” what should we remember that holding aloft the lighted lamp signifies, and the “oil” symbolizes what? 22 Why, then, in the fulfillment, do the “discreet” virgin class refuse to divide their “oil” with the “foolish” virgin class? We must bear in mind that the having of oil in one’s receptacle is the same as having the symbolic “oil” in oneself. Also, the holding aloft of the lighted lamp is the same as one’s letting one’s light shine, the same as one’s shining as a luminary, in order for people in this dark, benighted world to see our good works and to glorify God because thereof. (Matthew 5:14-16; Philippians 2:15) It is the symbolic “oil” that gives the illuminating power, and this “oil” pictures both God’s Word, which is as a lamp and a light to a worshiper of God (Psalm 119:105), and also God’s holy spirit, which illuminates God’s Word to us and produces in all its possessors the fine godly qualities that are called the “fruitage of the spirit.” (Galatians 5:22, 23; Ephesians 5:18-20) Well, then, should the “discreet” virgins reduce the amount of this “oil,” this illuminative power, in themselves? Finally, cease shining? 23. (a) What do the “foolish” virgin class desire the “discreet” class to do toward them? (b) What kind of “Christians” are the “foolish” virgin class? 23 This is what the “foolish” virgin class would like the “discreet” ones to do. The “foolish” ones desire the “discreet” ones to compromise with them. The announcement of the heavenly Bridegroom’s invisible presence in 1919 C.E. posed a challenge to all those who professed to be “virgins” with a desire to meet and share the joy of that Bridegroom. Those who are like the “foolish” virgins have merely a profession of Christianity; they are largely nominal Christians, but do not meet the requirements of true Christianity. They may have some knowledge of the Bible, especially knowledge with a sectarian understanding of such Bible knowledge. They may have been influenced by what knowledge of Scripture that they have, but not to the point of having God’s powerful spirit in them for producing the “fruitage of the spirit.” Their conduct does not conform to the true Christian pattern. They shine merely as nominal or professed Christians in the religious formalisms of their sect in Christendom. They expect to go to heaven when they die! 24. (a) Does the religious development of the “foolish” virgin class enable them to accept the provable evidences of the Bridegroom’s presence? (b) To what level of Christian profession do the foolish want the discreet to bring themselves so as to keep together? 24 However, their religious development does not enable them to meet the challenge when the midnight cry is made, “Here is the bridegroom! Be on your way out to meet him.” In fact, they do not discern, they do not accept the provable fact of the Bridegroom’s presence since the year 1914. They profess to believe in the Bridegroom and that the church is his bride, but they insist on meeting the Bridegroom and entering into his joy in their own way, their sectarian way. So, if there is to be a sharing of company between them and the “discreet” virgin class, there has to be a compromise. There needs to be an interfaith amalgamating of them all as professed Christians and heirs of heaven. The “discreet” class must take away from their own supply of spiritual “oil” and bring down their level of Christian development to that of the indiscreet religionists. Thus the “discreet” ones should make themselves religiously foolish in order to keep company with the “foolish,” indiscreet, imprudent professors of Christianity. 25. (a) What, then, is the issue as respects the “discreet” virgin class? (b) To meet the requirements finally, what words of Peter and Paul do they need to carry out? 25 The issue is clear: Are those of the “discreet” virgin class to be influenced by mere religious sentiment such as is found in Christendom? Are they going to let themselves be drained of their spiritual “oil” and become incapacitated to shine as true Christians down to the end, obliged in course of time to drop out of the procession of light bearers who are accompanying the Bridegroom to the door of the wedding-feast chamber? They need, as 2 Peter 1:10 says, to “do your utmost to make the calling and choosing of you sure for yourselves.” They need to imitate the apostle Paul, who, toward the finish of his earthly life, wrote: “I have run the course to the finish, I have observed the faith. From this time on there is reserved for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous judge, will give me as a reward in that day.” They must measure up to the full Christian requirements when they reach that door to the wedding feast of the Bridegroom.—2 Timothy 4:7, 8. 26. How did the “discreet” virgin class come under restraint during World War I, and why did it part company with the “foolish” virgin class in 1919? 26 For that reason the “discreet” virgin class parted company with mere professors of Christianity, like the weeds in the parable of the wheat and the weeds or tares (darnel). During World War I they had been brought into bondage to Babylon the Great, the world empire of false religion, and her military, political and judicial paramours. Not only were they under restraints due considerably to the fear of men in powerful positions but they were in literal captivity through imprisonments and confinement in military camps and other places of detention. In 1919 they acted upon the call from heaven regarding Babylon the Great: “And I heard another voice out of heaven say: “Get out of her, my people, if you do not want to share with her in her sins, and if you do not want to receive part of her plagues.” (Revelation 18:4) They could not compromise with the “foolish” virgin class on that issue. They must obey God rather than Babylon the Great and her worldly paramours. They could not go along, also, with Babylon the Great in worshiping the image of the wild beast, the League of Nations, which Babylon the Great made her riding mount in the year 1919 C.E.—Revelation 13:14, 15; 14:11, 12; 17:1-18. 27. How was the position of the “discreet” virgin class unequivocal from the start, as evidenced by the public statement made on Sunday, September 7, 1919? 27 The position taken by the “discreet” virgin class on this issue was unequivocal from the start. In evidence of this, on Sunday afternoon, September 7, 1919, at the Cedar Point convention, President Rutherford gave his public address on “The Hope for Distressed Humanity,” in which he pointed out God’s disapproval of the League of Nations. To quote from the report published in the Sandusky (Ohio) Star-Journal on Monday, September 8, 1919: President Rutherford spoke to nearly 7,000 persons under the trees Sunday afternoon. He declared a League of Nations formed by the political and economic forces moved by a desire to better mankind by establishment of peace and plenty would accomplish great good, and then asserted that the Lord’s displeasure is certain to be visited upon the League, however, because the clergy—Catholic and Protestant—claiming to be God’s representatives, have abandoned his plan and endorse the League of Nations, hailing it as a political expression of Christ’s kingdom on earth.—The Watch Tower, under date of October 1, 1919, page 298, column 1. 28, 29. Why did the “discreet” virgin class take this stand, and what reproachful term used by James could not be applied to them? 28 The “discreet” virgin class had the faith that the kingdom of God’s dear Son had been established in the heavens at the close of the Gentile Times in 1914, and they stood uncompromisingly for it and refused to recognize and worship any substitute. They could not afford to give away any of their spiritual “oil” and reduce the full measure of their devotion to God’s Messianic kingdom. This staunch attachment to the Kingdom did not make them popular with this world or friends with this world. It intensified the hatred of this world toward them. But this hatred and enmity from the world made it all the more apparent that they were holding true to their relationship to the heavenly King-Bridegroom. Not to them could be applied the reproachful term “adulteress” for the reason for which the disciple James directed the term to certain members of the congregation of the first century, saying: 29 “Adulteresses, do you not know that the friendship with the world is enmity with God? Whoever, therefore, wants to be a friend of the world is constituting himself an enemy of God.”—James 4:4. 30, 31. To whom did the “discreet” virgin class thereby show the qualities of a betrothed virgin, and how is such bridal beauty described in Isaiah’s prophecy? 30 So by uncompromisingly keeping their full supply of spiritual “oil” and using it to keep themselves as “lamps” continually burning with a bright flame, the “discreet” virgin class were honoring their heavenly Bridegroom, to whom they were betrothed or promised in marriage. They were letting shine forth in themselves the loyal, chaste, clean, pure qualities that are looked for in those who are to be made the heavenly bride of their “one husband,” the Lord Jesus Christ. They rejoice with him that God’s time for his beloved Son to lead his “bride” home to himself has come; they share in his exultation, just as it is written: “With the exultation of a bridegroom over a bride, your God will exult even over you.” (Isaiah 62:5) To match the glory of his appearance, they also want to look beautiful like the bride on the wedding day, accepting the adornment that the heavenly Father gives to them. This lovely balance of beauty between bridegroom and bride is described in Isaiah 61:10: 31 “For he has clothed me with the garments of salvation; with the sleeveless coat of righteousness he has enwrapped me, like the bridegroom who, in a priestly way, puts on a headdress, and like the bride who decks herself with her ornamental things.” 32. How does the “discreet” virgin class shine in honor of its Bridegroom? 32 Nothing on the part of the “discreet” virgin class on earth should reflect against the glory of the heavenly Bridegroom, who is all radiant like the sun: “It is like a bridegroom when coming out of his nuptial chamber.” (Psalm 19:4, 5) It is therefore incumbent upon the “discreet” virgin class to shine in their Bridegroom’s honor like luminaries by displaying those Christlike qualities that distinguish them from that religious harlot, Babylon the Great, and all her religiously immoral “daughters.” By thus shining they do not misrepresent their beloved Bridegroom to mankind. BUYING LAMP OIL FROM THE SELLERS 33. According to Jesus’ parable, what only could the “discreet” virgins say to the “foolish” ones, and what did the “discreet” thus show? 33 For lack of the spiritual “oil” the “foolish” virgin class could not shine in honor of the Bridegroom who had arrived and was present and proceeding to the wedding feast. They were not eninputd to any of the “oil” that the “discreet” ones had brought along with them and that they needed to follow in the steps of the Bridegroom. So, according to the parable, all that the “discreet” could say to the “foolish” was: “Perhaps there may not be quite enough for us and you. Be on your way, instead, to those who sell it and buy for yourselves.” (Matthew 25:9) In taking this position, the “discreet” virgins further showed their discreetness, and the foolishness of the indiscreet, imprudent virgins turned out to be disastrous for them. They were obliged to seek out oil dealers and get their lamps refilled. 34, 35. In the parable’s fulfillment, how was this buying of oil accomplished, but what does the parable show would happen in the meantime? 34 Similarly, in the fulfillment of the parable, the “foolish” were obliged to get their own needed supply of spiritual “oil.” They went to where they religiously felt that they could get the “oil” that would pave the way for their entry into heaven, according to their religious creeds. Accordingly, they sought out their denominational, religious sectarian systems for the type of “oil” that these sold and from such dealers they got the kind of “oil” that they were willing to pay for, without the right kind of devotion to the heavenly Bridegroom. But will the religious “oil” that is bought from the oil dealers at their price prove to be effective toward gaining admission to the marriage feast? On this we read: 35 “While they were going off to buy, the bridegroom arrived, and the virgins that were ready went in with him to the marriage feast; and the door was shut.”—Matthew 25:10. 36. Which virgins enjoyed the bridegroom’s presence in the procession, and what enabled these to pass inspection at the “door”? 36 The “discreet” virgins and the “foolish” virgins went in opposite directions—the “foolish” away from the Bridegroom, and the “discreet” to the arriving Bridegroom. There was a distance from where the “discreet” virgins met the bridegroom to the “door” of the house where the marriage feast was to be held. Between those two points there was for a time a lighted procession, and during that period of time the “discreet” virgins were with the bridegroom and the bridegroom was present with them. When the joyful procession reached its destination and proceeded through the door of the bridegroom’s residence, the lamps of the “discreet” virgins were brightly burning. Their oil supply had not run out before they reached the “door.” Then the “discreet” virgins proved that they were part of the procession that followed in the steps of the bridegroom. This eninputd them to admission to the marriage feast. The importance of their being prepared for the inspection is emphasized when the parable says: “And the virgins that were ready went in with him to the marriage feast.” The door was not shut in their faces but was shut behind them! 37. At the inspection point, the “virgins” of today prove themselves to be shining in what way, and the Bridegroom admits them to the “bride” class for being in what condition? 37 In the parable’s fulfillment in our time, the “discreet” virgin class continue in the procession that honors and magnifies the glorious Bridegroom down to the end. When they reach the inspection point at the “door,” they prove to be worthy of admission into the marriage festivities. The inspecting of them by the heavenly One to whom they are promised in marriage brings to light that they are shining with the Christian personality that the Bridegroom approves for his heavenly “bride.” They present themselves “as a chaste virgin to the Christ.” They have not let themselves be “corrupted away from the sincerity and the chastity that are due the Christ.” (2 Corinthians 11:2, 3) The Bridegroom can accept these “discreet” virgins of today as part of the Christian congregation, concerning which it is written: “That he might present the congregation to himself in its splendor, not having a spot or a wrinkle or any of such things, but that it should be holy and without blemish.”—Ephesians 5:27. “AND THE DOOR WAS SHUT” 38. How many, eventually, will be admitted to the wedding festivities, and when will the “door” be officially shut? And why? 38 Of course, no more will be admitted through the “door” to the marriage feast except those who will complete the number of the 144,000 members of the heavenly “bride” class. (Revelation 7:4-8; 14:1-5) But when is it that the “door” is officially shut? This would be when the “great tribulation” breaks forth at God’s appointed time and destruction starts to come upon Christendom and all the rest of that religious harlot, Babylon the Great, the world empire of false religion. Then it will be too late for any professed Christians to get out of Babylon the Great in order not to be sharers in her sins and to receive part of her deadly plagues. (Revelation 18:4) Since the number of the days of the “great tribulation” will be “cut short” on account of the “chosen ones,” it is evident that the full number of the “chosen ones,” namely, 144,000, will be completed by the time of the outbreak of the “great tribulation.” This brings about the shutting of the door. 39. In the parable of the “ten virgins,” what finally happens? 39 What is due to happen then? The parable of the “ten virgins” indicates, when it concludes with the words: “Afterwards the rest of the virgins also came, saying, ‘Sir, sir, open to us!’ In answer he said, ‘I tell you the truth, I do not know you.’”—Matthew 25:11, 12. 40. Why was the bridegroom justified in saying to the “foolish” virgins: “I do not know you”? 40 The five “foolish” virgins procured what oil they could get from what oil dealers they could locate at that hour of the night, and they came to the door with their lamps burning. But their lamps had not shone in honor of the bridegroom. They were not part of the procession that met him and accompanied him with joy on his account. What basis, then, did the bridegroom have for recognizing them as part of his celebrators? None at all! They had not added any brilliance to his marriage procession. Truthfully, therefore, he could say to them: “I do not know you.” This justified him in keeping the door locked in their faces. 41. When the “great tribulation” strikes Christendom, what will those of the “foolish” virgin class find out about themselves? 41 Likewise, when the “great tribulation” begins upon Christendom as the most prominent part of the religious harlot, Babylon the Great, their hopes of going to heaven when they die will be greatly shaken and put in doubt. They will discern that they have not been associated with the correct religious organization that makes up the “chaste virgin,” “the bride, the Lamb’s wife.” They will not find themselves being “caught up” in their physical bodies into the clouds, in a bodily rapture, “to meet the Lord in the air,” according to the interpretation placed by their religious instructors on 1 Thessalonians 4:17. True, they have been shining as members of this or that religious sect of Christendom, but they were merely nominal or professed Christians and not the real thing. What now counts as they enter into the “great tribulation” is, not what their priest or preacher thought or said about them, but what the heavenly Bridegroom says that they are! 42. With their religious organization then gone as a mediator, they will make an appeal for recognition by the Bridegroom on what basis? 42 Too late, as “shutouts,” they approach the situation that betokens a closed door for them, as the religious basis on which they have stood is wrecked by the “great tribulation.” Their religious organization that acted as a mediator for them being destroyed, they will have to deal directly with the Bridegroom Head of the true congregation. His parousia or presence being invisible and he being concealed from their eyes as if he were behind a shut door, they will call out to him to see whether their mere profession of Christianity without the right works will save them and get them to heaven. They have recognized him, by word of mouth, and ought he not to now reciprocate and recognize them? “Sir, sir,” or, “Lord, Lord!” they will call out in hope of being heard by him. That ought to cause the door to be opened to them. But does it do so? 43. (a) What words of Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount have those “foolish” virgin class members not taken seriously about calling him “Lord”? (b) What will happen to them when Jesus finally takes those words seriously? 43 They have not taken seriously what the heavenly Bridegroom said on earth in his Sermon on the Mount:“Not everyone saying to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter into the kingdom of the heavens, but the one doing the will of my Father who is in the heavens will. Many will say to me in that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and expel demons in your name, and perform many powerful works in your name?’ And yet then I will confess to them: I never knew you! Get away from me, you workers of lawlessness.” (Matthew 7:21-23) But then, in the “great tribulation,” the “foolish” virgin class will know that the Bridegroom said those words very seriously as a principle for his guidance. He will not open the door to the heavenly marriage feast to them. He will leave them outside in the blackness of the world’s deepest night, to perish with all other “workers of lawlessness.” From their destruction they will experience no resurrection to heavenly life. 44. With what words did Jesus close the parable of the “ten virgins,” and what do the “discreet” ones not dare to allow about their supply of spiritual oil? 44 Consequently, Jesus’ words with which he emphasized the point of the parable of the “ten virgins” are particularly timely for us who live at the “conclusion of the system of things,” namely, “Keep on the watch, therefore, because you know neither the day nor the hour.” (Matthew 25:13) It is the occasion now for the ones who desire to be like the five “discreet” virgins to shine continually with an active Christian personality that meets the requirements for membership in the heavenly “bride” class. They dare not make any compromise with those who seek to make them share the burden of the others’ foolishness and so to take away some or much of their supply of the spiritual “oil.” 45. In whose religious company do the “discreet” ones not dare to put themselves, and in whose honor should they shine continually, and why? 45 We dare not expose ourselves to the danger of having our light burn down and put ourselves in their religious company. We require all the spiritual “oil” with which we can supply ourselves. Our faith in the Bridegroom’s arrival and presence must continue bright, and we need to continue as a part of the shining procession that follows his steps until he brings his bridal congregation completely home. The long delay in the Bridegroom’s arrival is ended. He is here, in his glorious parousia. The time for drowsiness and sleep is past! It is a time to shine in his honor and to rejoice with him in this joy that the heavenly Father set before him, of taking his spiritual “bride” to himself and celebrating this with a marriage feast. It is vitally necessary now to keep on the watch, for we do not know the day or the hour when that “door” of opportunity will be shut, never to be reopened. A PART OF THE “SIGN” OF HIS PAROUSIA 46. (a) The parable of the “ten virgins” is part of Jesus’ answer to what question of his apostles? (b) How do the “discreet” class see the climax of the parable’s fulfillment, and of what facts does this convince them? 46 The parable of the “ten virgins” was given as part of the answer to the question of Jesus’ apostles: “What will be the sign of your presence [pa·rou·siʹa] and of the conclusion of the system of things?” (Matthew 24:3) The climax of that parable has been undergoing fulfillment since the year 1914 C.E. All the world can see the final features of that parable being realized today. The events set out in detail above were not performed in a corner, out of sight in an obscure spot, but have been taking place in the open where observing persons could take note of them, regardless of whether they understood their significance or not. At least, those who are of the “discreet” virgin class have observed these meaningful happenings, and in them they have strong proof that the heavenly Bridegroom arrived in 1914 C.E. and that his parousia or presence is now in progress invisibly. They discern his presence with their eyes of faith because of the evidence supplied in the fulfillment of the parable of the “ten virgins.” They are assured that the “conclusion of the system of things” began in the year 1914 C.E. 47. How is the proper meaning of the Greek word pa·rou·siʹa borne out by what the “discreet” virgins of the parable did after the midnight cry announcing the bridegroom? 47 Yes, too, the Greek word used by the apostle Matthew in his Gospel, Mt chapter twenty-four, verse three, means “presence,” not “coming,” as many translators render the Greek word. This is borne out by what is described in the parable. The “ten virgins” rise up from slumber and sleep when they hear the midnight cry, “Here is the bridegroom!” When their eager eyes, watching for his lighted procession discern his reaching their location, then they go with him in his train. From that point on it consumed time before they all reached the Bridegroom’s residence where the marriage feast awaited all the worthy ones invited. Consequently, there was a period of the Bridegroom’s presence or parousia after he arrived until he brought his bride into the house prepared for her. THE CORRECTING OF A MISUNDERSTANDING 48. (a) The editor and publisher of Zion’s Watch Tower calculated that Christ’s presence began in what year? (b) Also, what was the date of man’s creation, as published on the cover page of The Watch Tower for some years? 48 It is true that the editor and publisher of Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence calculated that the “presence” or parousia of the heavenly Bridegroom began in the year 1874 C.E. Also, that the date of the first man’s creation by Jehovah God was in the year 4128 B.C.E., which meant that six thousand years of man’s existence on the earth ended in the year 1872 C.E., as calculated by Russell and his associates. This reckoning began to be announced on the front page of Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence beginning with the issue of July 1, 1906, and this practice continued down through the issue of September 15, 1928. For instance, on the first of such mentioned issues appeared the date of issue: “July 1, A.D. 1906—A.M., 6034”; whereas the dating of the last mentioned issue was: “Anno Mundi 6056—September 15, 1928.” The Anno Mundi or “Year of the World” date was calculated to be the year 4128 before our Common Era. 49. (a) When was sin’s entrance calculated to have occurred? (b) When, therefore, was the millennium to begin for Satan’s casting into the bottomless pit and for Christ’s reign? 49 Two years, however, were allowed for the innocence of the perfect man and woman in the Garden of Eden before sin entered, and hence the year of sin’s entrance was calculated as 4126 B.C.E. This resulted in their calculating six thousand years of sin as ending in 1874 C.E., in which year also, in the autumn, the seventh millennium began, for the instigator of sin, Satan the Devil, to be bound and cast into the bottomless pit and for Christ to start reigning for the foretold thousand years. This meant that the year of the start of Christ’s reign was also the year of his return and the beginning of his invisible presence or parousia. 50. That chronology followed what footnote on Acts 13:20 as found in Wilson’s Emphatic Diaglott? 50 The above chronology followed the suggestion that was made in Wilson’s The Emphatic Diaglott, in its footnote on Acts 13:20, which verse read: “And after these things, he gave Judges about four hundred and fifty years, till Samuel the prophet.” The footnote on this reading of the verse said: A difficulty occurs here which has very much puzzled Biblical chronologists. The date given here is at variance with the statement found in 1 Kings 6:1. There have been many solutions offered, but only one which seems entirely satisfactory, i.e., that the text in 1 Kings 6:1 has been corrupted, by substituting the Hebrew character daleth (4) for hay (5) which is very similar in form. This would make 580 years (instead of 480) from the exode to the building of the temple, and exactly agree with Paul’s chronology. 51. (a) Accordingly, what did author C. T. Russell say on page 53 of “The Time Is at Hand” regarding 1 Kings 6:1? (b) According to that, when was man created, when did 6,000 years of sin end, and when did the Grand Jubilee begin? 51 Accordingly, on page 53 of the book eninputd “The Time Is at Hand,” author C. T. Russell wrote, referring to 1 Kings 6:1: It evidently should read the five-hundred-and-eightieth year, and was possibly an error in transcribing; for if to Solomon’s four years we add David’s forty, and Saul’s space of forty, and the forty-six years from leaving Egypt to the division of the land, we have one hundred and thirty years, which deducted from four hundred and eighty would leave only three hundred and fifty years for the period of the Judges, instead of the four hundred and fifty years mentioned in the Book of Judges, and by Paul, as heretofore shown. The Hebrew character “daleth” (4) very much resembles the character “hay” (5), and it is supposed that in this way the error has occurred, possibly the mistake of a transcriber. I Kings 6:1, then, should read five hundred and eighty, and thus be in perfect harmony with the other statements. Thus, by inserting 100 years into the Bible chronology during the period of the Judges, man’s creation was pushed back 100 years to 4128 B.C.E., and the six thousand years of man’s existence on earth ended in 1872 C.E. (The Time Is at Hand, page 42) Then the allowance of two years before the entry of sin led to the year 1874 as the year in which six thousand years of human sin terminated and the seventh thousand years for the elimination of sin by Christ’s reign began. So the Grand Jubilee was then due to begin. 52. According to the oldest Greek manuscripts, the 450 years of Acts 13:20 apply before or during the period of the Judges, as shown by modern Bible translations? 52 According to the oldest manuscripts of the Christian Greek Scriptures, however, the reading of Acts 13:20 is different from that given in The Emphatic Diaglott and the King James Authorized Version of the Bible. So, according to the most ancient manuscripts, the four hundred and fifty years are not applied to the period of the Judges. In verification of this, The New English Bible (of the year 1970) renders Acts 13:20 as follows: “for some four hundred and fifty years, and afterwards appointed judges for them until the time of the prophet Samuel.” The Jerusalem Bible (English translation of 1966) reads: “for about four hundred and fifty years. After this he gave them judges, down to the prophet Samuel.” The Revised Standard Version Bible of 1952 reads similarly, and so does the American Standard Version Bible of 1901 C.E. 53. Did the ancient Hebrew Bible manuscripts use alphabetic characters to stand for numbers? 53 Furthermore, the oldest Hebrew manuscripts extant, like those of the Dead Sea Scrolls, spell out the numbers of the Bible and do not use alphabetic characters for numerals, thus not allowing for a transcriber’s visual error at 1 Kings 6:1.b 54. (a) The accepting of Bible chronology just as written would affect the beginning of what period here under discussion? (b) Did dropping of “Presence” from the Watchtower input mean that Christ’s presence was no longer believed in? 54 The insertion of 100 years into Bible chronology during the period of the Judges is thus seen not to rest upon Scriptural grounds. The insertion should therefore be dropped and the Bible should be accepted just as it reads concerning its chronology. Unavoidably, then, this would affect the date for the parousia of the Bridegroom Jesus Christ to begin. With the Watch Tower magazine’s issue of January 1, 1939, the input was changed to The Watchtower and Herald of Christ’s Kingdom, and with the issue of March 1, 1939, to The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom. This did not mean that the publishers of the magazine no longer believed in the presence or parousia of Christ as being then in progress. It meant, rather, that more importance was given to the Kingdom, to the kingdom of Jehovah God by Jesus Christ, for it is Jehovah’s kingdom by Christ that will vindicate Jehovah’s universal sovereignty. 55. (a) When and how was the insertion of 100 years into the period of the Judges done away with, so that 6,000 years of man’s existence ended when? (b) How did this affect the date 1874 C.E., and what question arose? 55 In the year 1943 the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society published the book “The Truth Shall Make You Free.” In its chapter 11, eninputd “The Count of Time,” it did away with the insertion of 100 years into the period of the Judges and went according to the oldest and most authentic reading of Acts 13:20, and accepted the spelled-out numbers of the Hebrew Scriptures. This moved forward the end of six thousand years of man’s existence into the decade of the 1970’s. Naturally this did away with the year 1874 C.E. as the date of return of the Lord Jesus Christ and the beginning of his invisible presence or parousia. The millennium that was to be marked by the detaining of Satan the Devil enchained in the abyss and by the reign of the 144,000 joint heirs with Christ in heavenly glory was therefore yet in the future. What, then, about the parousia (presence) of Christ? Page 324 of the above book positively says: “The King’s presence or parousia began in 1914.” Also, in the Watchtower issue of July 15, 1949 (page 215, paragraph 22), the statement is made: “ . . . Messiah, the Son of man, came into Kingdom power A.D. 1914 and . . . this constitutes his second coming and the beginning of his second parousía or presence.” 56. (a) In 1950, what new Bible translation was published, and with what rendering of Acts 13:20? (b) Also, what statement was made about Christ’s presence according to straight Bible chronology? 56 In the year 1950, there was published the New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures, with the most authentic reading of Acts 13:20, and translating pa·rou·siʹa every time as “presence.” Immediately afterward appeared the book “This Means Everlasting Life.” Its chapter 21 was eninputd “Second Presence of Life’s Chief Agent.” Here was a whole chapter on the subject according to the straight Bible timetable. On pages 220-222, we read: The evidence already considered proves that A.D. 1914 God’s kingdom was born and his Son was enthroned with authority to rule with an iron rod amid his foes. Eventually he will dash them to pieces and rid the universe of all fighters against God’s rightful sovereignty.—Psalm 2:8, 9. So A.D. 1914 marks the time of Christ’s invisible return in spirit. . . . His coming into the Kingdom in 1914 marks the beginning of his second presence or pa·rou·siʹa. This Greek word means presence. . . . Although invisible in spirit, his second presence is of such importance to people over all the earth that it must not be kept secret, and it will not be. . . . “For just as the lightning comes out of eastern parts and shines over to western parts, so the presence [pa·rou·siʹa] of the Son of man will be.”—Matthew 24:26, 27, NW. Since 1914 the present Christ has been making the evidences of his second presence or pa·rou·siʹa manifest and understandable to men everywhere. 57. (a) Did Christ begin reigning amidst his enemies before the end of the Gentile Times in 1914? (b) When did the Bridegroom cause the midnight cry to be heard, and what has taken place since is evidence of what important facts? 57 How harmonious with the inspired Scriptures it is, then, that Christ did not begin reigning forty years before the end of the Gentile Times in 1914! Rather, he waited till then at his heavenly Father’s right hand to begin ruling in the midst of his earthly enemies, whom Jehovah places as a stool for his feet! (Psalm 110:1, 2; Hebrews 10:12, 13) Rightly, then, his royal presence or parousia began in that year. In the year 1919, as history proves, he caused the midnight cry to sound on earth and roused the sleeping “virgins” to the urgency of the situation. “Here is the bridegroom! Be on your way out to meet him.” That cry assured them of the heavenly Bridegroom’s presence. The “discreet” virgin class has since been on its way out to meet him. They are seen shining as luminaries in this benighted world. This in itself is an evidence that the promised presence of Christ is upon us. It is also an evidence that God’s kingdom by Christ of a thousand years has approached! 58. Why can we not stop here with the parable of the “ten virgins” in considering the “sign” of the Kingdom’s approach? 58 Fulfillment of the parable of the “ten virgins” is not all there is to the “sign” of the approach of that blessed millennial kingdom. We cannot, therefore, stop with this parable, but must go on to consider other features of that wondrous “sign.” [Footnotes] a See the book “Then Is Finished the Mystery of God,” page 274, last paragraph. See also The Watch Tower under date of August 15, 1918, page 249, on Milwaukee convention and Rutherford’s letter. b When, after Bible times, the Hebrews used alphabetic letters for numbers, they had no symbol for zero, as their system had no zero. Hence 400 was not represented by the letter daleth followed by two zeros, and 500 by the letter he followed by two zeros. The number 400 was represented by one Hebrew letter (taw), and the number 500 was represented by two Hebrew letters (taw qoph). The number eighty was represented by the Hebrew letter pe, whereas ten was represented by the one letter yod. So there was no likelihood of mistaking taw pe (480) as distinguished from taw qoph pe (580). [Picture on page 188] C. T. Russell
YOUNG PEOPLE ASK How Can I Keep My Mind Off Sex?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502019479	YOUNG PEOPLE ASK How Can I Keep My Mind Off Sex? “Thoughts about sex come from nowhere and completely take over. It’s as if someone else’s brain were in my head.”—Vera. “Controlling thoughts about sex seems impossible. I might as well start flapping my arms and hope to fly.”—John. Are your feelings similar to those of Vera or John? If so, this article can help you. Why does it matter? Why is it so difficult? What you can do What your peers say Why does it matter? “My uncle told me that God wouldn’t have given me the desire for sex if he didn’t want me to act on it,” says a young man named Alex. Part of what Alex’s uncle said was correct—God did give us sexual desires, and for good reason. The human race exists today as a direct result of procreation. So why should you even be concerned about keeping your mind off sex? Here are two good reasons: The Bible teaches that God’s purpose is that sex should take place only between a man and woman who are married to each other.—Genesis 1:28; 2:24. If you respect that standard and you’re single, dwelling on sex will only frustrate you. It could even tempt you to give in and have sex—a decision that many have said they later regretted. Keeping your mind off sex is part of a larger issue—self-control.—1 Corinthians 9:25. That attribute plays a key role in your success, both now and in the future. In fact, one study showed that children with self-control were less likely later in life to have health issues, financial stress, and problems with the law.a Why is it so difficult? Hormones—added to the fact that we live in a sex-obsessed world—can make it challenging to keep your mind off sex. “It seems as if every TV show puts a positive spin on premarital sex, without showing any dangers. It’s easy to dwell on improper thoughts when improper sex isn’t shown to have any consequences.”—Ruth. “At work, I overhear a lot of vulgar talk about sex, and my curiosity starts working on me. Immoral sex is made to seem so normal that it’s hard to think of it as wrong.”—Nicole. “It’s easy to let your guard down when you’re scrolling through images on social media. One sexual image can burn into your brain and become the hardest thing to forget!”—Maria. Factors such as these might make you feel the way the apostle Paul did. He wrote: “When I wish to do what is right, what is bad is present with me.”—Romans 7:21. Don’t allow wrong thoughts to build a nest on your head What you can do Direct your mind elsewhere. Try to focus on things besides sex. This could include a hobby, sports, exercise, or any activity that can redirect your focus. “Reading the Bible helps,” says a young woman named Valerie. “It contains thoughts that are on a higher plane, and when you have that in your mind, you don’t really have much room for anything else.” True, thoughts about sex may enter your mind. But what you do with those thoughts is up to you. If you choose to, you have the power to dismiss them. “When my thoughts start to get away from me, I make myself mentally switch over to something else. I also try to identify the mental opening that I gave myself—whether it’s a song that I should delete from my playlist or a picture that I need to delete.”—Helena. Bible principle: “Whatever things are righteous, whatever things are chaste [or, morally “pure,” footnote], . . . continue considering these things.”—Philippians 4:8. Choose good associates. If your friends are always talking about sex, it’s going to be difficult to keep your mind clean. “As a teenager, I really struggled with my thoughts, and a large factor was my associates. When you’re around people who encourage wrong desires, you focus on your feelings—and that just adds fuel to the fire.”—Sarah. Bible principle: “The one walking with the wise will become wise, but the one who has dealings with the stupid will fare badly.”—Proverbs 13:20. Avoid improper entertainment. It’s no secret that virtually every aspect of the entertainment industry features sexual output. “For me, music is the biggest factor,” says Nicole. “It can fuel desires to the point that they seem overwhelming.” “I started watching movies and TV shows that featured sexual output. Before I knew it, I was thinking a lot about sex. It was easy to trace those thoughts back to their source. Once I cut out those movies and TV shows, I didn’t think so much about sex anymore. Being selective with entertainment makes the battle against improper thoughts so much easier.”—Joanne. Bible principle: “Let sexual immorality and every sort of uncleanness or greediness not even be mentioned among you.”—Ephesians 5:3. The bottom line: Some people think that their sexual urges are so important that they should not—and cannot—be controlled. But the Bible says otherwise. It dignifies us by stating that we can control our thoughts. Bible principle: “Continue to be made new in your dominant mental attitude.”—Ephesians 4:23. What your peers say “Entertainment seems designed to induce improper thoughts. To the best of our ability, we should control our environment and be selective about what we view. We should avoid putting ourselves in situations that will fuel wrong desires.”—Tyler. “Self-control is maintained by keeping up a good routine of Bible reading and study along with prayer. Usually when a person has a problem with constant improper thoughts, it’s because that routine is lacking.”—Yadi. Review: How can I keep my mind off sex? Direct your mind elsewhere. Choose good associates. Avoid improper entertainment. To think about: In which of these areas could you improve? a Self-control is needed by married people too—another reason to develop that quality now while you are single.
You Can Be Close to God	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2019010	You Can Be Close to God SOME PEOPLE FEEL THAT . . . God has little interest in us or that he is lofty, holy, and unapproachable. WHAT THE BIBLE SAYS “Draw close to God, and he will draw close to you.”—James 4:8. “Throw all your anxiety on him, because he cares for you.”—1 Peter 5:7. WHAT CAN WE DO TO BE CLOSE TO GOD? Talk to him.—Psalm 145:18, 19. Listen to him.—Psalm 32:8. Follow his directions.—Proverbs 3:5, 6. Do not give up.—Matthew 7:7, 8. To learn more about the secure future that God promises, accept a Bible course in this brochure, Enjoy Life Forever!, published by Jehovah’s Witnesses and available online at www.jw.org
Will Suffering End? (T-34) 2013	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/T-34	Will Suffering Ever End? Would you say . . . yes? no? maybe? WHAT THE BIBLE SAYS “God . . . will wipe all tears from their eyes, and there will be no more death, suffering, crying, or pain.”—Revelation 21:3, 4, Contemporary English Version. WHAT THAT CAN MEAN FOR YOU Assurance that God does not cause our problems.—James 1:13. Comfort from knowing that God feels for us when we suffer.—Zechariah 2:8. Hope that all suffering will end.—Psalm 37:9-11. CAN WE REALLY BELIEVE WHAT THE BIBLE SAYS? Yes, for at least two reasons: God hates suffering and injustice. Consider how Jehovah God felt when his people in Bible times were cruelly mistreated. The Bible says that he was distressed because of “those who were treating them abusively.”—Judges 2:18, New World Translation. God has strong feelings about those who harm others. For example, the Bible says that “hands that shed innocent blood” are detestable to him.—Proverbs 6:16, 17. God cares for us as individuals. Not only does each person know “his own plague and his own pain” but so does Jehovah!—2 Chronicles 6:29, 30. Through his Kingdom, Jehovah will soon end the suffering of each individual. (Matthew 6:9, 10) In the meantime, he tenderly comforts those who sincerely look for him.—Acts 17:27; 2 Corinthians 1:3, 4. TO THINK ABOUT Why does God allow suffering? The Bible answers that question at ROMANS 5:12 and 2 PETER 3:9.
DRAW CLOSE TO GOD “You Have . . . Revealed Them to Babes”	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2013004	DRAW CLOSE TO GOD “You Have . . . Revealed Them to Babes” Do you want to know the truth about God—who he is, what he stands for, and what his will is? In his Word, the Bible, Jehovah God reveals the whole truth about himself. But not just anyone can read the Bible and fully grasp that truth. Why? Because grasping such spiritual truth is a matter of privilege; not everyone receives it. Let us consider what Jesus said in this regard.—Read Matthew 11:25. That verse begins with the words: “At that time Jesus said in response.” So, what Jesus is about to say is perhaps in response to what has just occurred. He has just rebuked the unresponsive people of three Galilean cities where he had performed powerful works. (Matthew 11:20-24) You might wonder, ‘How could anyone see Jesus’ miraculous works and not respond to the truths he taught?’ The unresponsiveness of the people had to do with their stubborn attitude of heart.—Matthew 13:10-15. Jesus knew that to unlock the spiritual truth found in the Bible, we need two things: God’s help and the right heart attitude. Jesus explains: “I publicly praise you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because you have hidden these things from the wise and intellectual ones and have revealed them to babes.” Do you see why it is that grasping the spiritual truth found in the Bible may be considered a matter of privilege? Jehovah, the “Lord of heaven and earth,” may hide or reveal the truth according to his sovereign will. But God is not arbitrary in this matter of revelation. On what basis does he reveal Bible truth to some and not to others? Jehovah favors the humble, not the haughty. (James 4:6) He hides the truth from “wise and intellectual ones”—worldly-wise and learned ones who in their pride and self-reliance feel no need for his help. (1 Corinthians 1:19-21) But he reveals the truth to “babes”—those who come to him with sincere hearts, showing childlike humility. (Matthew 18:1-4; 1 Corinthians 1:26-28) God’s Son, Jesus, saw such responses firsthand. Many proud, highly educated religious leaders did not get the sense of Jesus’ message, but humble fishermen did. (Matthew 4:18-22; 23:1-5; Acts 4:13) At the same time, some wealthy and educated ones who showed genuine humility became Jesus’ followers.—Luke 19:1, 2, 8; Acts 22:1-3. We come back to the question raised at the outset: Do you want to know the truth about God? If so, you may find comfort in knowing that God does not favor those who consider themselves worldly-wise. On the contrary, he favors those whom the worldly-wise may look down on. If you study God’s Word with the right attitude of mind and heart, you may be among those to whom Jehovah gives a precious gift—an understanding of the truth about him. Grasping that truth will add meaning to your life now and can lead to “the real life”—endless life in God’s promised new world of righteousness soon to come.a—1 Timothy 6:12, 19; 2 Peter 3:13. Suggested Bible reading for January Matthew 1-21 a Jehovah’s Witnesses would be pleased to help you to learn the truth about God and his purposes. They offer free home Bible studies, using the book What Does the Bible Really Teach?
Kurukshetra (ku) 1983	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/kurukshetra-ku	From Kurukshetra to Armageddon—and Your Survival 1. What is a natural desire for many, but why is it difficult to attain? WOULD you like to live in happiness and peace with true justice exercised throughout all the earth? Surely you would answer, Yes! This has been the natural longing of all lovers of righteousness throughout mankind’s history. However, as long as wicked and unjust men exist, there cannot be lasting peace of mind and joy for you or anyone else. 2. How has man tried to eliminate suffering and injustice? 2 For this reason, unhappily, human history has been marred by wars in man’s efforts to eliminate injustice and establish happiness for the righteous. One of such wars, apparently, was fought on the field of Kurukshetra in ancient India. Because of human desire for God’s goodness to triumph over evil, the battlefield of Kurukshetra, in time, became the background setting for India’s famous religious epic, the Mahabharata, and especially for the centre of that epic, the Bhagavad Gita. Hindu author K. M. Sen writes that dates ascribed for the composition of the Gita vary considerably, several guesses assigning it to anywhere between 400 B.C. and 200 B.C. 3-6. (a) What, apparently, was one such attempt in ancient India? (b) How do we know that a permanent settlement was not achieved? 3 It is believed by many that Arjuna, a leader of the allies, when surveying the battle lines, was dismayed at observing near kinsmen lined up against one another on opposing sides. Thus the Bhagavad Gita, chapter one, verses 26-29, 47, reads in English: “There saw Arjuna standing fathers and grandfathers, teachers, uncles, brothers, sons and grandsons as also companions. And also fathers-in-law and friends in both the armies. When the son of Kunti (Arjuna) saw all these kinsmen thus standing arrayed He was overcome with great compassion and uttered this in sadness; When I see my own people arrayed and eager for fight O Krishna, My limbs quail, my mouth goes dry, my body shakes and my hair stands on end. Having spoken thus on the (field of) battle, Arjuna sank down on the seat of his chariot, casting away his bow and arrow, his spirit overwhelmed by sorrow.” 4 Urging Arjuna to perform his military duty, and in justification of the civil war, the god Vishnu, in the role of Krishna, Arjuna’s charioteer, is reported as saying: “But if thou doest not this lawful battle, then thou wilt fail thy duty and glory and wilt incur sin. Treating alike pleasure and pain, gain and loss, victory and defeat, then get ready for the battle. Thus thou shalt not incur sin.”—Gita 2:33, 38. 5 Many believe that for 18 days the battle raged, until at last the only important chief left alive was Arjuna, together with his four brothers and Krishna. So, they conclude that those on the side of right survived the war of Kurukshetra, and justice was satisfied. Then for a time peace prevailed. But for how long? 6 Tragically, today, injustice and suffering afflict the entire human race to a greater extent and with more intensity than ever before in history. So it must be admitted that none of history’s wars have brought about a permanent settlement of the issue between God’s rulership and human forms of rule, which have resulted in so much wickedness. Lasting peace and security continue to elude mankind. Hence, the cause of true justice today must still be satisfied. But how? 7. How will a permanent settlement be accomplished? 7 In no other way than what is believed was attempted at Kurukshetra. It calls for a decisive war, but war on a much larger scale, which will produce really permanent results. It requires a war, however, in which righteous survivors will ensure the preservation of the human race. Just such a war has been foretold and is expected by millions to break out at any time. Conditions among mankind are just ripe for such a war. So at Revelation 16:14, 16 the Bible reads: “They are, in fact, expressions inspired by demons and perform signs, and they go forth to the kings of the entire inhabited earth, to gather them together to the war of the great day of God the Almighty. And they gathered them together to the place that is called in Hebrew Har–Magedon.” 8. What is Armageddon, and how extensive will it be? 8 It is to be noted from the Bible that the combined forces of the kings of the entire inhabited earth will be involved in this war, thus making it a global, worldwide war. Hence, the place of Har–Magedon, or Armageddon, is not a local battlefield, as was Kurukshetra. For this reason the name Armageddon takes on a figurative meaning, denoting not a literal place but the realm wherein human politicians collectively collide with the holy interests of God, whose name is Jehovah.—Psalm 83:18, Holy Bible. 9, 10. Why is Armageddon necessary, and who will be destroyed? 9 Armageddon will be fought for the cause of truth and justice. An ancient pre-Christian song of God assures us of this by saying of God’s chief warrior: “In your splendor go on to success; ride in the cause of truth and humility and righteousness, and your right hand will instruct you in fear-inspiring things.” (Psalm 45:4) As in the war of Kurukshetra, there will be wholesale slaughter. Of the “battlefield” after the war of Armageddon the Bible says: 10 “‘A noise will certainly come clear to the farthest part of the earth, for there is a controversy that Jehovah has with the nations. He must personally put himself in judgment with all flesh. As regards the wicked ones, he must give them to the sword,’ is the utterance of Jehovah. This is what Jehovah of armies has said, ‘Look! A calamity is going forth from nation to nation, and a great tempest itself will be roused up from the remotest parts of the earth. And those slain by Jehovah will certainly come to be in that day from one end of the earth clear to the other end of the earth. They will not be bewailed, neither will they be gathered up or be buried. As manure on the surface of the ground they will become.’”—Jeremiah 25:31-33. 11. Who will survive the war of Armageddon? 11 But happily, as some people believe happened at Kurukshetra, there will be survivors. The survivors of Armageddon’s war will be righteous persons, adjudged by our Creator as worthy to preserve our human race alive. However, these righteous survivors will not share in the conflict. How this will be made possible is shown by Jehovah’s ancient servant Isaiah when he prophesies: “Go, my people, enter into your interior rooms, and shut your doors behind you. Hide yourself for but a moment until the denunciation passes over. For, look! Jehovah is coming forth from his place to call to account the error of the inhabitant of the land against him, and the land will certainly expose her bloodshed and will no longer cover over her killed ones.” (Isaiah 26:20, 21) Clearly, then, Armageddon will be a fight, not merely among men, not a mere “world war,” but a war in which God’s invisible armies take part. THE TIME FOR ARMAGEDDON 12, 13. What question was asked long ago, and what were the seekers after truth really wanting to know? 12 When is God’s war of Armageddon to occur? What will be the sign of its imminence? A related question was asked long ago by sincere inquirers, and it is vital that we examine the answer they got. Their query was: “Tell us, When will these things be, and what will be the sign of your presence and of the conclusion of the system of things?” (Matthew 24:3) The phrase “system of things” translates the Greek word aion, which is sometimes rendered “age.” So The Emphatic Diaglott renders Matthew 24:3 as follows: “‘Tell us, when these things will be?’ and ‘What will be the SIGN of THY presence, and of the CONSUMMATION of the AGE?’” The Sanskrit Bible at Matthew 24:3 translates aion as “yuga.” Yuga is defined as “an age of the world,” or “a long mundane period of years, of which there are four, of which the first three have elapsed, while the Kali is that in which we live.” Thus at Matthew 24:3 the New Hindi Bible of 1978 uses the term yuganth, meaning “end of the age.” 13 So, those seekers after truth were asking, ‘What will be the sign of the end of the present age?’ This is what some people refer to as the Kali Yuga. 14. According to Hindu tradition, what would be a sign of the end of this age? 14 For its answer, the Hindu text Vishnu-purana said: “The usages and institutes of caste, of order and of rank, will not prevail . . . Religion will consist in wasting wealth . . . Kings instead of guarding will rob their subjects, and abstract the wealth of merchants, under the plea of raising taxes. Then in the world’s last age the rights of man will be confused, no property be safe, no joy and no prosperity be lasting.” Author A. L. Basham says: “The end of the Kali-yuga, according to many epic passages, is marked by confusion of classes, the overthrow of established standards, the cessation of all religious rites, and the rule of cruel and alien kings.” Are these descriptions not somewhat true of our 20th-century conditions? With the spread of atheistic ideologies, radical and nonspiritual influences more and more infect man’s rulerships. Established standards are being overthrown as abortion and homosexuality gain legal recognition, while ruthless terrorism and moral collapse spread worldwide and gain momentum. 15. Do present-day conditions fulfill traditional expectations? 15 Additionally, industry and technology produce a confusion of the traditional classes of human society. Industrial factories, hospitals and the medical profession, mass educational institutions and modern public transport bring about an intermixing of all sorts of people, thereby erasing the long-standing distinctions in society. Millions of people, due to the rush and busy inroads of this industrialized world, have yielded to and accepted the cessation of many time-consuming, religious rites and customs. These conditions indicate the fast-approaching end of the present age. Surely chronology is not the only determining factor. Rather, it is the irreversible acceleration toward the collapse of the present human order that is the overriding reason for God to trigger the outbreak of his Armageddon war! 16. (a) How does the Bible describe the “last days” of this age? (b) How has family life been affected? 16 The “last days” of this present age and the conditions identifying them are specifically mentioned in the Bible at 2 Timothy 3:1-5. As we read this text, please note the lawlessness and family breakdown. “Know this, that in the last days critical times hard to deal with will be here. For men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, self-assuming, haughty, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, disloyal, having no natural affection, not open to any agreement, slanderers, without self-control, fierce, without love of goodness, betrayers, headstrong, puffed up with pride, lovers of pleasures rather than lovers of God, having a form of godly devotion but proving false to its power; and from these turn away.” The “last days” are thus marked, among other cruelties, by the loss of natural, or family, affection and by children being disobedient to parents. When the family, as the basic unit of society, breaks down, there is an unwholesome effect on the community. Disrespect for authority develops, and lawlessness increases. Divine laws are ignored, and entire families yield to lawlessness. 17. What conditions make up the sign that Armageddon is near? 17 In a similar vein the Gita reflects: “In the ruin of a family, its ancient laws are destroyed: and when the laws perish, the whole family yields to lawlessness.” (1:40) These conditions apparently provoked Kurukshetra’s war. More importantly, such conditions are rampant in our time and mark these as the “last days” of the present wicked system of things. They are the sign of the nearness of Armageddon. Lovers of righteousness today will welcome divine intervention, which will eliminate the wicked and introduce peace and security for the survivors. 18. What questions arise with regard to the “last days”? 18 Since the “last days” are here upon our 20th century, you may well ask, When did they begin? Moreover, for how long will the “last days” continue? How does one know Armageddon will be fought within our own lifetime, so that one can survive, if worthy? We get enlightenment by continuing our discussion of Matthew chapter 24, in the Bible. You will recall the question, “Tell us, When will these things be, and what will be the sign of your presence and of the conclusion of the system of things?” 19, 20. (a) What events does the Bible foretell as “a beginning of pangs of distress”? (b) Why can it be said that the “last days” of our present age began in the year A.D. 1914? 19 In answer, the prophecy goes on: “Nation will rise against nation and kingdom against kingdom, and there will be food shortages and earthquakes in one place after another. All these things are a beginning of pangs of distress. And because of the increasing of lawlessness the love of the greater number will cool off.” (Matthew 24:7, 8, 12) Which year of this 20th century would you single out as “a beginning of pangs of distress”? Is it not true that World War I, starting in 1914, began a chain of unequalled suffering that has enlarged in magnitude and vehemence ever since? From 1914 onward, more than ever before, misery, pain and death to millions have been caused by wars. If death has not been caused by wars, then millions have died due to food shortages, and if not by food shortages, then by earthquakes, disease epidemics, lawlessness and savage terrorism. Today, love for God and neighbour is lost sight of by the majority. Never in mankind’s history has there been a similar heavy concentration of human suffering and atheism in so short a time! 20 The year 1914 was, indeed, the greatest turning point in history! A news editorial recently said: “None, save the dwindling ranks of those who lived in the sunshine of the pre-1914 world, can strike the sad contrast between those days and these.” The “last days” of the present yuga, therefore, began in the year A.D. 1914. 21. For how long will these “last days” continue, and why must the war of Armageddon be dangerously near? 21 For how long will these “last days” continue? The Bible answers: “Likewise also you, when you see all these things, know that he is near at the doors. Truly I say to you that this generation will by no means pass away until all these things occur.” (Matthew 24:33, 34) In other words, that 1914 generation of people, now ‘dwindling in ranks,’ who saw the beginning of these distressing conditions, will still be alive when God’s war of Armageddon strikes. The duration of the “last days” is therefore limited to within the one human generation that was alive back in 1914. That generation of eyewitnesses is getting along in years now—in their 70’s and 80’s. Hence, the outbreak of Armageddon is getting dangerously near. Many lovers of righteousness throughout the world are now preparing for the outbreak of God’s unavoidable act of war. 22. What do both the Bible and the Gita indicate as to when the wicked will be destroyed? 22 Is it possible to predict the exact year when Armageddon will occur? No. The Bible simply says: “Concerning that day and hour nobody knows, neither the angels of the heavens nor the Son, but only the Father.” (Matthew 24:36) Neither does the Gita give the year. The Gita merely says: “Whenever there is a decline of righteousness and rise of unrighteousness, O Bharata (Arjuna), then I send forth Myself. For the protection of the good, for the destruction of the wicked and for the establishment of righteousness, I come into being from age to age [yuge-yuge].” (4:7, 8) So, many believe that when righteousness is on the decline and unrighteousness is in the ascendancy, divine intervention is to be expected. The time for God to apply his judicial decision over the wicked is now here! HISTORICAL PREVIEW OF ARMAGEDDON 23. What historical event provides a preview of Armageddon? 23 History provides us with a preview of what to expect at Armageddon. This foreglimpse of God’s approaching war was the great Deluge of Noah’s Age. Throughout the world there are more than 90 different stories of a historical global flood. Among Hindus, this is known as the Jalapralaya. Jal means “water,” and pralaya denotes “dissolution”—hence, a “dissolution by water.” It is believed that all living creatures perished in the Jalapralaya. However, Manu found favour with his god and was given divine warning to build a ship to save himself and seven other rishis (sages), a total of eight persons. After his ship settled on a northern mountain, the flood subsided and Manu emerged to perform the first sacrifice to his god in this present yuga. Manu is also believed to be mankind’s first lawgiver. In fact, various Hindu myths assert that the progenitor of each successive race of humans was named Manu. 24, 25. What similarities exist between the Biblical Deluge and the Hindu flood tradition? 24 One Hindu version says it was the god Vishnu who warned and preserved Manu. Interestingly, the name Vishnu without the digamma is Ish-nuh, which in Chaldee means “the man Noah,” or “the man of rest.” Hindu tradition has Vishnu ‘resting’ or sleeping on a coiled snake called Shesha, floating on an ocean. Shesha means “remainder,” and according to careful researchers, Shesha represents the ‘residue’ of the universe after its destruction at the end of an age. Clearly, this myth alludes to the Bible’s historical record of the Deluge and the ark of preservation with its occupants. 25 The legendary individuals embodied in Manu—as surviving the Jalapralaya, being the progenitor of the present race, the first lawgiver, and performing the first religious sacrifice after the flood—are a logical confirmation of some events in the life of the Biblical Noah. (Compare Genesis 6:8, 13-22; 8:4, Ge 8:18–9:7; 10:32.) Moreover, the Hindu account of the Jalapralaya agrees with some major features of the inspired Scriptural record, namely (1) a place of refuge for a few survivors, (2) an otherwise global destruction of life by water and (3) a seed of mankind preserved. 26. (a) How does the Bible describe earth’s conditions prior to the Flood? (b) What circumstances are similar, with regard both to history’s great Deluge and to God’s war of Armageddon? 26 Of this historical preview of Armageddon, the Bible says: “For just as the days of Noah were, so the presence of the Son of man will be. For as they were in those days before the flood, eating and drinking, men marrying and women being given in marriage, until the day that Noah entered into the ark; and they took no note until the flood came and swept them all away, so the presence of the Son of man will be.” (Matthew 24:37-39) So the circumstances relating to the end of our world order at Armageddon will be similar to those associated with the ancient Deluge. They will be: (1) The planet Earth and its animal life will survive; (2) the significance of our times is missed by most people through preoccupation with the normal processes of life; (3) the majority of mankind take no note of the divine warning of Armageddon; (4) hence the majority of mankind will be destroyed at Armageddon; and (5) only a small minority of mankind will find favour with God and survive the “war of the great day of God the Almighty.” (Revelation 16:14) Consequently, it is most advisable for wise persons to continue to investigate this message about God’s war, and how to survive. WHO WILL BE THE SURVIVORS? 27. Of what should we be informed to survive the war of Armageddon? 27 For success and wise action, Arjuna was advised to acquire true knowledge. The Gita states: “Learn that by humble reverence, by inquiry and by service. The men of wisdom who have seen the truth will instruct thee in knowledge.” (4:34) Earlier, the Bible expressed the only wise course to take, saying at Zephaniah 2:3: “Seek Jehovah, all you meek ones of the earth, who have practiced His own judicial decision. Seek righteousness, seek meekness. Probably you may be concealed in the day of Jehovah’s anger.” Plainly, Armageddon is Jehovah’s war. Hence the survivors of Armageddon will be those who meekly inform themselves of Jehovah and his righteousness. But who is Jehovah? How can we get knowledge of him? 28. What question about God’s identity is raised in the Rig-Veda? 28 The importance of knowledge is shown in the Gita, as seen above. Hindus have always held religious knowledge in high regard. Veda itself means knowledge. Thus it is claimed that the four Vedas contain divine knowledge. The earliest collection of Hindu knowledge is the Rig-Veda, the bulk of which is said to have been compiled, perhaps, in the first half of the first millennium B.C. In its later stages of compilation the Rig-Veda poets began to wonder about the identity of God. So the Rig-Veda hymn, 10. 121, has been eninputd “TO THE UNKNOWN GOD.” Each of its verses concludes with the question, “Who is the God to whom we shall offer sacrifices?” For example, verse 9 says: “May he not hurt us, he who is the begetter of the earth, or he, the righteous, who begat the heavens; he who also begat the bright and mighty waters;—WHO IS THE GOD TO WHOM WE SHALL OFFER SACRIFICE?” 29. What did some ancient Hindus recognize about God? 29 What is the truthful answer to this question in the Rig-Veda? Who is the Begetter of heaven and earth to whom the Vedic poets unknowingly gave godly devotion? In attempting to answer, a religious development spanning hundreds of years was expressed in the Bhagavad Gita: “Thou art the Supreme Brahman, the Supreme Abode and the Supreme Purifier, The Eternal, Divine Person, the First of the gods, the Unborn, the All-pervading. The God of gods.” (10:12, 15) Hence some ancient Hindus recognized that there was only one Eternal, Supreme God, the First of the gods, the God of gods. 30-32. (a) By what phrase does S. Radhakrishnan describe God’s infinity? (b) Whom does the Bible identify by this phrase? 30 The noted Hindu philosopher S. Radhakrishnan, in trying to explain the infinite character of the Brahman, said: “We can only say, ‘I am that I am.’” Doctor Radhakrishnan hereby relates the infinite quality of Brahman to the Bible’s definition of God’s name, Jehovah, at Exodus 3:13, 14, which says: “And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them? And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you.”—Authorized Version. 31 The more accurate, modern English New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures renders Exodus 3:14, 15 as follows: “At this God said to Moses: ‘I SHALL PROVE TO BE WHAT I SHALL PROVE TO BE.’ And he added: ‘This is what you are to say to the sons of Israel, “I SHALL PROVE TO BE has sent me to you.”’ Then God said once more to Moses: 32 “‘This is what you are to say to the sons of Israel, “Jehovah the God of your forefathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you.” This is my name to time indefinite, and this is the memorial of me to generation after generation.’” 33. What attributes are ascribed to Jehovah God? 33 So it would seem that Doctor Radhakrishnan, in using the phrase “I am that I am” to describe the infinite Brahman, attempts to equate the supreme Brahman with Jehovah God of the Bible. It is true that some of the attributes ascribed to Brahman are the same as those of Jehovah God in the Bible. For instance, the Gita’s reference to Brahman as the “God of gods,” assumed to be recorded between the 5th and 3rd centuries B.C., is an echo of what was written in the Bible record in the 15th century B.C., in 1473 B.C., at Deuteronomy 10:17: “For Jehovah your God is the God of gods and the Lord of lords, the God great, mighty and fear-inspiring, who treats none with partiality nor accepts a bribe.” 34. Who created the heavens and the earth? 34 JEHOVAH, therefore, is the self-given name of God. For that reason the Bible attributes the work of creation to Jehovah God, stating: “This is a history of the heavens and the earth in the time of their being created, in the day that Jehovah God made earth and heaven.” (Genesis 2:4) Jehovah, then, is the ‘Begetter of the heavens and the earth.’ 35. (a) To which God did our ancestors, the Flood survivors, sacrifice? (b) So what is the answer to that ancient question in the Rig-Veda? 35 It was also Jehovah who brought the ancient Deluge and who destroyed the ungodly and preserved alive eight righteous souls. The Bible reports: “After that Jehovah said to Noah: ‘Go, you and all your household, into the ark, because you are the one I have seen to be righteous before me among this generation. For in just seven days more I am making it rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights; and I will wipe every existing thing that I have made off the surface of the ground.’ And Noah proceeded to do according to all that Jehovah had commanded him.” (Genesis 7:1, 4, 5) Because the present race of humans is descended from those eight righteous survivors, we today should be grateful and, accordingly, should imitate the good example of our ancient forebears. Please note also that it was Jehovah to whom those Flood survivors sacrificed in gratitude, after emerging from their ark of salvation. The account states: “And Noah began to build an altar to Jehovah and to take some of all the clean beasts and of all the clean flying creatures and to offer burnt offerings upon the altar. And Jehovah began to smell a restful odor.” (Genesis 8:20, 21) Here, therefore, is the truthful answer to that ancient question in the Rig-Veda: “WHO IS THE GOD TO WHOM WE SHALL OFFER SACRIFICE?” 36. (a) Who only will be saved during the war of Armageddon? (b) How will they be informed? 36 Jehovah, the God of heaven and earth, is the One who will also bring an end to this wicked yuga by means of the great war of Armageddon. All of those who truly know Jehovah God and who are devotedly involved with Jehovah’s Name and extraordinary Personality will survive Armageddon into the cleansed earth afterward. The Bible says: “‘Everyone who calls on the name of Jehovah will be saved.’ However, how will they call on him in whom they have not put faith? How, in turn, will they put faith in him of whom they have not heard? How, in turn, will they hear without someone to preach? How, in turn, will they preach unless they have been sent forth? Just as it is written: ‘How comely are the feet of those who declare good news of good things!’” (Romans 10:13-15) It is vitally important that we inform ourselves of the God of heaven, Jehovah, and his loving purposes for humankind. 37. (a) What must occur before the “end” comes? (b) How is this being accomplished now? 37 This is why the warning message of Armageddon’s war, and the good news of possible survival, is being preached earth wide by Jehovah’s Witnesses today. Hence, as a part of the sign of Armageddon’s imminence, a worldwide preaching work was foretold to occur immediately prior to the end of this yuga. Going back to the Bible prophecy at Matthew 24:14, we read: “And this good news of the kingdom will be preached in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations; and then the end will come.” At present, Jehovah’s Witnesses are engaged in this all-important activity in more than 200 countries of the world and in more than 160 different languages. And now this lifesaving work has come to your very own home! AFTER ARMAGEDDON—WHAT? 38. What follows the Kali Yuga according to tradition? 38 It is a popular belief that the Kali Yuga will be succeeded by the Krita Yuga. The Krita Yuga is said to be the “golden age.” Evil is absent from the world and all mankind worship only one God. This age is also known as satyayuga, the age of truth—the era in which falsehood is nonexistent. 39. (a) What is there about the survivors that will help the new order get off to a good start? (b) What conditions will worldwide righteousness produce? 39 The survivors of Armageddon, as the founding members of a new human order, will be people of unbreakable devotion to righteousness. Armageddon will have cleansed the earth of all unrighteousness, and mankind will have a fresh start. So God’s Word says: “There are new heavens and a new earth that we are awaiting according to his promise, and in these righteousness is to dwell.” (2 Peter 3:13) Jehovah God will apply the benefits of his sacrificial provision to heal earth’s inhabitants of their sins, imperfections and infirmities, both mental and physical. Ultimately, the right to life on a Paradise earth will be completely restored. No more will there be poverty, high prices, starvation, homelessness, overcrowded slums, disfiguring leprosy or wasting diseases, nor any infant mortality or the need for hospitals. There will be no slavish forced labour, no coolies, no unemployment nor beggars, no caste system nor disparities in life. Instead, there will be glowing health, eternal youth, an abundance of good food, satisfying work and secure surroundings. 40-42. In the new age, what conditions will prevail as regards (a) food? (b) sickness and death? (c) housing? (d) employment? (e) wild beasts? 40 Read for yourself some of the heartwarming assurances of the Bible prophet Isaiah. He wrote: “Jehovah of armies will certainly make for all the peoples, in this mountain, a banquet of well-oiled dishes, a banquet . . . of wine kept on the dregs, filtered. And in this mountain he will certainly swallow up the face of the envelopment that is enveloping over all the peoples, and the woven work that is interwoven upon all the nations. He will actually swallow up death forever, and the Sovereign Lord Jehovah will certainly wipe the tears from all faces. And the reproach of his people he will take away from all the earth, for Jehovah himself has spoken it.” “At that time the eyes of the blind ones will be opened, and the very ears of the deaf ones will be unstopped. At that time the lame one will climb up just as a stag does, and the tongue of the speechless one will cry out in gladness.”—Isaiah 25:6-8; 35:5, 6. 41 Isaiah also wrote: “For here I [Jehovah] am creating new heavens and a new earth; and the former things will not be called to mind, neither will they come up into the heart. And they will certainly build houses and have occupancy; and they will certainly plant vineyards and eat their fruitage. They will not build and someone else have occupancy; they will not plant and someone else do the eating. For like the days of a tree will the days of my people be; and the work of their own hands my chosen ones will use to the full. They will not toil for nothing, nor will they bring to birth for disturbance; because they are the offspring made up of the chosen ones of Jehovah, and their descendants with them. And it will actually occur that before they call out I myself shall answer; while they are yet speaking, I myself shall hear.”—Isaiah 65:17, 21-24. 42 “‘The wolf and the lamb themselves will feed as one, and the lion will eat straw just like the bull; and as for the serpent, his food will be dust. They will do no harm nor cause any ruin in all my holy mountain,’ Jehovah has said.”—Isaiah 65:25. 43, 44. (a) What will happen to our dead ancestors and predecessors, and by what means? (b) Who will share in these marvellous blessings? 43 Even the dead will be remembered. Countless millions of humans of all races and religions will be brought back to life from their sleep of death. This will not be a rebirth or transmigration of a soul. Rather, God Almighty will recreate human bodies, and from his unfailing memory he will provide them with their former life patterns and personalities, so that they will be recognized again by their loved ones. What joy! Opportunity will be granted the resurrected dead to be perfectly rehabilitated within the eternal divine purpose. The Bible confidently records: “Do not marvel at this, because the hour is coming in which all those in the memorial tombs will hear his voice [that of the Son of God] and come out, those who did good things to a resurrection of life, those who practiced vile things to a resurrection of judgment.”—John 5:28, 29. 44 Are these marvels not what you want? Are they not your heartfelt desires? You can personally share in these joys and bounties. These are the blessings in store for those who survive the rapidly approaching war of Armageddon. 45, 46. How can we be certain that these promises are trustworthy? 45 But are these promises of a post-Armageddon world trustworthy? How can we be certain that Armageddon is not a myth? Because the ancient deluge was not a myth. Man is no myth. Man’s Maker, God, is no myth! And we can be certain about these promises because it is impossible for God to lie. (Titus 1:2) Think! Why do small children trust kind and loving parents? Young children, generally, cannot be pressured by their associates to be suspicious of their parents’ loving concern for them. Little children have no reason to distrust their parents’ promises. Have they not come thus far in life by their parents’ provisions? Hence, do not allow the failures and disappointments of human philosophies and promises to destroy your willingness to believe in God’s loving concern for mankind. Please examine the evidence available. Be convinced that hope in God’s promises is not misplaced. Jehovah alone has the wisdom, the power and the will required to bring Armageddon’s war and to create a new system of things. Jehovah comfortingly gives this guarantee: 46 “‘God himself will be with them. And he will wipe out every tear from their eyes, and death will be no more, neither will mourning nor outcry nor pain be anymore. The former things have passed away.’ And the One seated on the throne said: ‘Look! I am making all things new.’ Also, he says: ‘Write, because these words are faithful and true.’”—Revelation 21:3-5; compare Hebrews 6:18. 47. What is it about “time” that will not spoil the permanency of God’s New Order? 47 However, for how long will these good things endure? Will it be just another yuga, or time cycle, as some say? Why should it be? Time does not move in circles. Time is only one-directional—forward. Time of itself is a mere impersonal, abstract term. Time can exert no influence on the existences operating within itself. The features marking a particular yuga, or age, are produced by outside, intelligent forces. So when all forces and influences for badness are forever destroyed, eternity will be filled only with a force for goodness. 48. What preeminently determines the duration of the new system of things? 48 Preeminently, however, it is the will of God, and not some kind of universal, automatic clock, that determines the duration of the coming system of things. Hence, if we really want to know how long these good things will endure, what we are really asking is, ‘What is the will of God for the earth and for mankind?’ 49. Where only can we learn what God’s will is for the future? What other information does this source alone give us? 49 Can we find the answer to that question in any of the holy books? Can we find it anywhere? Yes, but only in the Bible. It is in the Bible that God answers the question propounded in the Rigveda, “Who is the God to whom we shall offer sacrifice?” It is the Bible that tells us that the name of the Creator of all things is Jehovah. Only in the Bible do we have a clear account of God’s dealings with mankind throughout history. The Bible, too, is the only holy book that gives us a truly clear picture of what things would be like in the last days—our days. And the Bible explains to us what God’s will is for the future. 50. A knowledge of God’s will gives us what wonderful view of the future? 50 And what Jehovah God has willed is truly wonderful. According to the Bible, he has willed that a righteous system of things will be established that will last, not for a mere age, or yuga, but for all eternity. And each of us is offered the opportunity to enjoy the blessings of that arrangement. (Psalm 37:10, 11, 27-29) The Bible says concerning some who have been abandoned by their families because of their faithfulness to God that they will “get many times more in this period of time, and in the coming system of things everlasting life” on a Paradise earth.—Luke 18:29, 30; Habakkuk 2:14. 51. How only will true justice and outputment be enjoyed by humankind? 51 Indeed, much history has passed since the time when—according to legend—a great battle was fought at Kurukshetra. During that time man’s happiness has been impaired by many wars, and his attempts to stamp out injustice and to secure peace have been largely unsuccessful. Sadly, lasting peace and happiness have not resulted from human efforts. Why? Because such blessings can come only by following the counsel of Jehovah God as found in that unique book, the Holy Bible. Therefore, what will you do now? 52. By doing what now may you be concealed in the day of Jehovah’s Armageddon war? 52 Will you accept the divine invitation to “seek Jehovah” and ‘seek righteousness and meekness’? If you do, “probably you may be concealed in the day of Jehovah’s anger.” It is our prayer that you will do so and will be among the happy survivors of the “war of the great day of God the Almighty”—Armageddon.—Zephaniah 2:3; Revelation 16:14, 16. [Box/Picture on page 14] ALL IN ONE GENERATION 1914 WORLD WARS VIOLENT CRIMES MASSIVE FAMINES DISEASE EPIDEMICS GLOBAL POLLUTION END OF THIS SYSTEM [Picture on page 6] Armageddon will be a global war, wiping the earth clean [Picture on page 8] Survivors of Armageddon judged worthy by our Creator to keep the human race alive [Picture on page 13] Sign of Armageddon’s war appears since 1914 [Picture on page 18] Vishnu sleeps on Shesha—means of preservation in Hindu tradition [Picture on page 19] The Biblical Deluge—preview of Armageddon [Picture on page 25] Worldwide lifesaving preaching work by Jehovah’s Witnesses presages end of this yuga
YOUNG PEOPLE ASK How Can I Deal With Anxiety?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502015134	YOUNG PEOPLE ASK How Can I Deal With Anxiety? What makes you anxious? Is anxiety always bad? What you can do What your peers say What makes you anxious? Do the following statements describe how you feel at times? “I’m constantly thinking: ‘What if . . . ?’ ‘What if we get in a car accident?’ ‘What if our plane goes down?’ I’m anxious about things that a more rational person wouldn’t worry so much about.”—Charles. “I feel anxious all the time, as though I were a hamster on a wheel running around but never getting anywhere. I’m working myself to death but not really accomplishing anything!”—Anna. “When people tell me that I’m fortunate that I’m still in school, I say to myself, ‘They have no idea how stressful school is!’”—Daniel. “I’m like a pressure cooker. I’m always worried about the next thing that will happen or the next thing I need to do.”—Laura. Fact of life: We live in what the Bible calls “critical times hard to deal with.” (2 Timothy 3:1) Because of that, anxiety can affect young people as much as it affects adults. Is anxiety always bad? The answer is no. In fact, the Bible says that it is right for people to be anxious to please the ones they love.—1 Corinthians 7:32-34; 2 Corinthians 11:28. Also, let’s face it—anxiety can be a powerful motivator. For example, suppose you will be taking a test at school next week. Anxiety might compel you to study this week—and that might help you get a better grade! A degree of anxiety can also alert you to danger. “You might feel anxious because you know that you’re taking a wrong course of action and that you need to make changes for your conscience to be at rest,” says a teenager named Serena.—Compare James 5:14. Fact of life: Anxiety can work for you—as long as it moves you to the right kind of action. But what if anxiety traps you in a maze of negative thinking? Anxiety might make you feel as if you were trapped in a maze, but someone with a different perspective can help you find a way out Example: “My mind races when I think about the different ways a stressful situation could turn out,” says 19-year-old Richard. “I play the situation over and over in my mind to the point that it makes me very anxious.” The Bible says that “a calm heart gives life to the body.” (Proverbs 14:30) On the other hand, anxiety can bring on a number of unpleasant physical symptoms, including headaches, dizziness, upset stomach, and heart palpitations. What can you do if anxiety seems to be working against you rather than for you? What you can do Question the reasonableness of your anxiety. “Being concerned about your responsibilities is one thing; being overly anxious is another. It reminds me of the saying, Anxiety is like a rocking chair. It gives you something to do, but it doesn’t get you anywhere.”—Katherine. The Bible says: “Who of you by being anxious can add one cubit to his life span?”—Matthew 6:27. What this means: Unless anxiety leads you toward a solution, it will only add to your problem—or become your problem. Take things one day at a time. “Think it through. Will what you are anxious about matter tomorrow? in a month? in a year? in five years?”—Anthony. The Bible says: “Never be anxious about the next day, for the next day will have its own anxieties. Each day has enough of its own troubles.”—Matthew 6:34. What this means: It makes little sense to take on tomorrow’s problems—some of which may never even become a reality. Learn to live with what you cannot change. “The best you can do is prepare for situations to the extent possible, but accept the fact that some situations are out of your control.”—Robert. The Bible says: “The swift do not always win the race, . . . nor do those with knowledge always have success, because time and unexpected events overtake them all.”—Ecclesiastes 9:11. What this means: Sometimes you cannot change your circumstances, but you can change the way you view them. Put your situation in perspective. “I find that I have to focus on the big picture and not stress over the details. I have to choose my battles and channel my energy into taking care of priorities.”—Alexis. The Bible says: “Make sure of the more important things.”—Philippians 1:10. What this means: People who put their anxieties in perspective are less likely to be overwhelmed by them. Talk to someone. “When I was in the sixth grade, I would come home from school very anxious, dreading the next day. My mother and father would just listen to me as I expressed myself. It was so good to have them there. I could trust them and speak freely to them. It helped me to face the next day.”—Marilyn. The Bible says: “Anxiety in a man’s heart weighs it down, but a good word cheers it up.”—Proverbs 12:25. What this means: A parent or a friend might be able to give you practical suggestions on how to reduce your anxiety. Pray. “Praying—and doing so aloud so I can hear my voice—helps me. It allows me to vocalize what I am anxious about instead of keeping it in my head. It also helps me to realize that Jehovah is greater than my anxiety.”—Laura. The Bible says: “Throw all your anxiety on [God], because he cares for you.”—1 Peter 5:7. What this means: Prayer is not a mental trick. It is real communication with Jehovah God, who promises: “Do not be anxious, for I am your God. I will fortify you, yes, I will help you.”—Isaiah 41:10. When Anxiety Is Severe Some young people suffer from chronic anxiety. For example, a teenager named Jenna says: “As a result of anxiety, I had a constant headache, I couldn’t focus, I would sleep for days or not sleep for days, I wouldn’t eat, or I would eat too much—I was wired all the time. Very small problems seemed like mountains.” When anxiety is prolonged or excessive, it might be good for you to get a medical checkup. That’s what Jenna did. “After receiving treatment, I can handle things better and I have control over my anxiety,” she says. WHAT YOUR PEERS SAY “When I face anxiety, I pour out my heart to Jehovah in prayer. I can sleep well at night, knowing that the problem is in Jehovah’s hands—and that’s the best place for me to place my life and my anxiety.”—Carissa. “I always think to myself, ‘Why worry about things I can’t do anything about at the moment, or ever?’ I think about Jesus’ words at Matthew 6:27. This helps me to rely on Jehovah and listen to his advice.”—Samantha.
Examining the Scriptures—2017 2016	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2017	October Sunday, October 1 Those whom he foreordained are the ones he also called.—Rom. 8:30. Jehovah began choosing anointed ones after Jesus’ death and resurrection, and it seems that all in the first-century Christian congregation were anointed. From the first century until the beginning of the last days, the vast majority of those who claimed to follow Christ were false Christians; Jesus likened them to “weeds.” Even so, Jehovah continued to anoint some faithful ones throughout that time, and they proved to be like the “wheat” Jesus described. (Matt. 13:24-30) During the last days, Jehovah has continued to select those who will make up the 144,000. If he chooses to wait until late into that period to select some for that privilege, who are we to question his wisdom? (Isa. 45:9; Dan. 4:35; Rom. 9:11, 16) We must be careful not to react like the disgruntled workers who complained about the way their master dealt with the 11th-hour workers.—Matt. 20:8-15. w16.01 4:15 Monday, October 2 Take, please, your son, your only son whom you so love, Isaac, and travel to the land of Moriah and offer him up there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains that I will designate to you.—Gen. 22:2. God does not make such requests of us today. But he does ask us to obey him even when his commands are hard for us to comply with or we cannot comprehend the reasons for them. Can you think of something that God asks of you that you find difficult to do? For some, it may be the preaching work. Perhaps they struggle with shyness, making it hard for them to approach strangers with the good news. For others, it may be the challenge of standing out as different, perhaps at school or in the workplace. (Ex. 23:2; 1 Thess. 2:2) Do you ever feel like Abraham, as if you are trudging up that slope in Moriah, facing a task that seems beyond you? If you do, take courage from Abraham and his faith! Meditating on examples of faithful men and women can move us to imitate them and draw close to Jehovah as our Friend.—Heb. 12:1, 2. w16.02 1:3, 14 Tuesday, October 3 Saul . . . spoke to Jonathan his son and to all his servants about putting David to death.—1 Sam. 19:1. Because Saul was determined to kill David, Jonathan faced a conflict of loyalties. Although he had made a covenant with David, Jonathan was also submissive to his father. But Jonathan knew that God was with David and not with Saul. Therefore, Jonathan put loyalty to David ahead of loyalty to Saul. He warned David to hide and then spoke well of him to Saul. (1 Sam. 19:1-6) If we are not careful, loyalty to a nation, a school, or a sports team can eventually choke out loyalty to God. For example, Henry enjoys playing chess. His school had a tradition of winning the championship, and he wanted to put forth his best effort. But he admitted: “Gradually, loyalty to the school began to take priority over my loyalty to God. Weekend chess matches were crowding out my Kingdom service. So I decided to give up being part of the chess team.”—Matt. 6:33. w16.02 3:10, 12 Wednesday, October 4 Your people will offer themselves willingly.—Ps. 110:3. As a young person, there are ways in which you will be able to discern whether your decision to get baptized comes from your heart. For example, your heartfelt desire to serve Jehovah will be reflected in your prayers. How often you pray and how specific your prayers are may well reveal how close your relationship with Jehovah is. (Ps. 25:4) An important way that Jehovah answers our prayers is by directing our attention to his Word. Thus, our effort to study the Bible is yet another indication that we really want to draw closer to Jehovah and serve him from the heart. (Josh. 1:8) So ask yourself: ‘How specific are my prayers? How regular is my personal study of the Bible?’ And if your Christian family has a Family Worship evening, ask yourself: ‘Do I willingly share in that arrangement?’ Your answers to these questions will help you to see whether your decision to get baptized is your personal desire. w16.03 1:11, 13 Thursday, October 5 From him all the body is harmoniously joined together and made to cooperate.—Eph. 4:16. What a thrill it is to read in the Yearbook the combined results of our activity! Think, too, of how we are united at regional, special, and international conventions, as we listen to motivating Scriptural talks and give attention to dramas and demonstrations. These parts often highlight God’s loving appeal to serve him with all our being. The commemoration of Jesus’ death also unites us. With appreciation for God’s undeserved kindness and in obedience to Jesus’ direction, we gather for that event yearly, after sundown on Nisan 14. (1 Cor. 11:23-26) And in the weeks before the Memorial, we cover as much of our congregation’s territory as possible, inviting others to join us for that important occasion. Our individual efforts might seem insignificant. But by working together, we are able to direct the attention of millions of people to the one who deserves all praise and honor, Jehovah! w16.03 3:4, 6, 7 Friday, October 6 This is my Son, the beloved, whom I have approved.—Matt. 3:17. Brothers who are learning to serve in the congregation should be taught to think in terms of Bible principles. For example, suppose an elder asks a brother to keep the entranceway to the Kingdom Hall clean in appearance and safe for walking. He could consider Titus 2:10 and explain how the brother’s work to enhance the Kingdom Hall will “adorn the teaching of our Savior, God.” He could also ask the learner to think of the elderly ones in the congregation and how carrying out his assignment will benefit them. Having such conversations with the learner as part of his training will help him to focus more on people than on rules. He will experience the joy that comes from seeing how brothers and sisters in the congregation benefit from the service he renders. Further, the elder should commend the learner for the effort he makes to apply the suggestions. Sincere commendation does for a learner what water does for a plant—it makes him thrive. w15 4/15 2:7, 8 Saturday, October 7 The Lord will rescue me from every wicked work.—2 Tim. 4:18. Have you at times felt all alone in dealing with a difficult situation? It could have been lack of employment, pressures at school, a health problem, or some other distressing circumstance. Perhaps you asked for assistance, but others disappointed you by falling far short of providing what you needed. Indeed, some problems simply cannot be solved by mere human help. Under such circumstances, is the Bible’s counsel to “trust in Jehovah” empty advice? (Prov. 3:5, 6) Is it meaningless? Certainly not! Divine help is very real, as illustrated by numerous Bible accounts. Therefore, rather than nurture resentment when human help appears to be limited, view such situations as the apostle Paul did—as opportunities to rely fully on Jehovah and experience firsthand his loving care. This will strengthen your trust in him and make your relationship with him ever more real. w15 4/15 4:3-5 Sunday, October 8 The god of this system of things has blinded the minds of the unbelievers.—2 Cor. 4:4. Only by being deceptive can Satan turn people against the loving God, Jehovah. (1 John 4:8) Through deception, Satan keeps people from becoming “conscious of their spiritual need.” (Matt. 5:3) He has thus “blinded the minds of the unbelievers, so that the illumination of the glorious good news about the Christ, who is the image of God, might not shine through.” One of Satan’s greatest means of deception is false religion. How pleased he must be to see people worship their ancestors, or nature, or animals—anyone or anything other than Jehovah, “who requires exclusive devotion”! (Ex. 20:5) Even many who think that they are worshipping God properly are shackled to false beliefs and useless rituals. They are in a pitiable state, much like that of those whom Jehovah implored: “Why spend your earnings for what brings no satisfaction? Listen intently to me, and . . . find great delight in what is truly rich.”—Isa. 55:2. w15 5/15 1:14, 15 Monday, October 9 He will crush your head, and you will strike him in the heel.—Gen. 3:15. Abel likely gave much thought to that promise and realized that someone would be ‘struck in the heel’ so that mankind could be lifted to perfection such as that enjoyed by Adam and Eve before they sinned. Abel had faith based on God’s promise, and Jehovah therefore accepted his sacrifice. (Gen. 4:3-5; Heb. 11:4) Noah survived the Deluge because of his faith. (Heb. 11:7) After the Flood, he was moved by faith to offer animal sacrifices. (Gen. 8:20) Like Abel, he undoubtedly had faith that mankind would eventually be released from bondage to sin and death. As he entered the dark post-Flood era during which Nimrod acted in opposition to Jehovah, Noah still had faith and hope. (Gen. 10:8-12) Very likely, he would have been heartened to think about mankind as being set free from oppressive rule, inherited sin, and death. We too can “see” such a wonderful time—and it is near indeed!—Rom. 6:23. w15 5/15 3:4, 6 Tuesday, October 10 Anxiety in a man’s heart weighs it down, but a good word cheers it up.—Prov. 12:25. Uncontrolled anxious thoughts can cause us physical and spiritual harm. Let us trust in Jehovah and remember the words of today’s text. Good words of encouragement from someone who understands us can make our heart rejoice. Confiding in our parents, our spouse, or a trusted friend who views things from God’s standpoint may help to relieve our anxiety. No one understands our anxiety better than Jehovah does. “Do not be anxious over anything,” wrote Paul, “but in everything by prayer and supplication along with thanksgiving, let your petitions be made known to God; and the peace of God that surpasses all understanding will guard your hearts and your mental powers by means of Christ Jesus.” (Phil. 4:6, 7) Think about those who are helping to protect us from spiritual harm—fellow believers, elders, the faithful slave, angels, Jesus, and Jehovah himself. w15 5/15 4:16, 17 Wednesday, October 11 One man was there who had been sick for 38 years.—John 5:5. Just north of the temple at Jerusalem was a pool known as Bethzatha. Large crowds of sick and infirm people would gather there, hoping that they would be miraculously cured. Moved with pity, Jesus approached a man who had been sick longer than Jesus had been alive on earth. (John 5:6-9) Jesus inquired if he wanted to get well. The response was immediate. The man wanted to be healed but he could not see how, for he had no one to help him into the pool. Jesus then commanded the man to do the impossible—to pick up his mat and walk. Taking Jesus at his word, the man picked up his mat and began to walk. What a heartwarming foregleam of what Jesus will do in the new world! In this miracle, we also see Jesus’ compassion. He sought out the needy. Jesus’ example should motivate us to continue to seek out people in our territory who are depressed about the terrible things happening in this world. w15 6/15 2:8-10 Thursday, October 12 You must pray . . . this way.—Matt. 6:9. The expression “our Father,” not “my Father,” reminds us that we belong to an “association of brothers” who truly love one another. (1 Pet. 2:17) What a precious privilege that is! Anointed Christians, who have been begotten as God’s sons with heavenly life in view, rightly address Jehovah as “Father” in the fullest sense. (Rom. 8:15-17) Christians whose hope is to live forever on earth can also address Jehovah as “Father.” He is their Life-Giver, and he lovingly provides for the needs of all true worshippers. Those with this earthly hope will in the fullest sense become God’s children after they have reached perfection and have proved their loyalty in the final test. (Rom. 8:21; Rev. 20:7, 8) Parents give their children a fine gift when they teach them to pray and help them to view Jehovah as a caring heavenly Father. Parents can give their children no greater gift than that of helping them to develop a warm, close relationship with Jehovah. w15 6/15 4:4-6 Friday, October 13 Deliver us from the wicked one.—Matt. 6:13. To live in harmony with the request “deliver us from the wicked one,” we must strive to be “no part of [Satan’s] world.” We must “not love either [Satan’s] world or the things in the world.” (John 15:19; 1 John 2:15-17) Doing so is an ongoing struggle. What a relief it will be when Jehovah answers this request by removing Satan and causing his wicked world to pass away! We must remember, though, that when Satan was hurled out of heaven, he knew that his time was short. Enraged, he does all he can to make us break our integrity. So we must keep praying for deliverance from him. (Rev. 12:12, 17) Do you desire such a happy outcome? Then continue to pray for God’s Kingdom to sanctify God’s name and cause his will to be done on earth. Look to Jehovah to supply your spiritual and physical needs. Yes, be determined to live in harmony with the model prayer.—Matt. 6:9-13. w15 6/15 5:12, 17, 18 Saturday, October 14 There will be great tribulation.—Matt. 24:21. Although we do not fully understand all that will happen during that time of test, we can expect that it will involve some measure of sacrifice. In the first century, Christians had to leave behind their possessions and endure hardships in order to survive. (Mark 13:15-18) To remain faithful, will we be willing to experience material loss? Will we be ready to do whatever is required of us to prove our loyalty to Jehovah? Just think! At that time, we will be the only ones following the example of the ancient prophet Daniel by continuing to worship our God no matter what. (Dan. 6:10, 11) This will not be the time to preach the “good news of the Kingdom.” That time will have passed. The time for “the end” will have come! (Matt. 24:14) No doubt God’s people will proclaim a hard-hitting judgment message. This may well involve a declaration announcing that Satan’s wicked world is about to come to its complete end. w15 7/15 2:3, 8, 9 Sunday, October 15 They are no part of the world, just as I am no part of the world.—John 17:16. We should not be surprised if the world hates us for our neutral stand; Jesus warned us that it would. Most opposers do not appreciate the importance of the issues involved in Christian neutrality. For us, though, these are matters of utmost importance. Loyalty to Jehovah requires that we be steadfast in the face of threats. (Dan. 3:16-18) Fear of man can affect people of all ages, but young people may find it especially difficult to go against the flow, so to speak. If your children are facing such issues as the flag salute or nationalistic celebrations, do not hesitate to assist them. Use Family Worship sessions to help your children understand the issues involved so that they can meet those challenges courageously. Help them to express their personal convictions clearly and respectfully. (Rom. 1:16) Take the initiative to speak with their teachers about these matters if necessary. w15 7/15 3:15, 16 Monday, October 16 God loved the world so much that he gave his only-begotten Son.—John 3:16. The undeserved gift of Jesus’ ransom sacrifice was given so that “we might gain life.” (1 John 4:9) Referring to this superlative expression of God’s love, the apostle Paul wrote: “Christ died for ungodly men at the appointed time. For hardly would anyone die for a righteous man; though perhaps for a good man someone may dare to die. But God recommends his own love to us in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.” (Rom. 5:6-8) This greatest expression of God’s love opened to mankind the prospect of having a favored standing with Jehovah. By means of the ransom, Jehovah shows his love for the world of mankind. If we hope to live forever on earth and we continue to serve Jehovah faithfully, we can be assured that he will make life pleasant for us in the new world. How fitting it is that we view the ransom as the greatest evidence of God’s enduring love for us! w15 8/15 1:13, 15 Tuesday, October 17 Do not feel sad.—Neh. 8:10. The privilege of living under Kingdom rule is well worth any effort we make to cooperate with Jehovah’s organization and care for theocratic assignments. Of course, our circumstances may change. For instance, some members of the Bethel family in the United States have been reassigned to the field and are now enjoying abundant blessings in other forms of the full-time ministry. Because of advancing age or other factors, others who were in the traveling work have now received special pioneer assignments. If we cultivate outputment, pray for God’s help, and do all we can in his service, we will experience joy and will receive many blessings even in these critical last days. (Prov. 10:22) What about our future prospects? We may have ideas about where we would like to live in the new world, but we may be asked to move to a different area. Regardless of where we will then serve and what we will do, we can be sure that we will be grateful and outputed, brimming with joy. w15 8/15 3:8 Wednesday, October 18 [Noah] proved himself faultless among his contemporaries.—Gen. 6:9. Noah lived in an evil world but had no desire to make its inhabitants his close friends. He did not seek the companionship of ungodly people. He and the seven members of his family occupied themselves with the doing of God-given work, which included building an ark. Meanwhile, Noah was also “a preacher of righteousness.” (2 Pet. 2:5) Noah’s preaching, his work on the ark, and his association with his family kept him busy doing good things that pleased God. As a result, Noah and his immediate family survived the Flood. We should be grateful to them because all of us today are the descendants of those who served Jehovah—faithful Noah, Noah’s wife, his sons, and their wives. Similarly, loyal and obedient first-century Christians kept themselves separate from ungodly people and survived the destruction of Jerusalem and the Jewish system of things in 70 C.E.—Luke 21:20-22. w15 8/15 4:17, 18 Thursday, October 19 [There is] a time to laugh . . . and a time to dance.—Eccl. 3:4. Not every pastime is beneficial, relaxing, or refreshing; nor is it good to engage in recreation too much or too often. How can our conscience help us to enjoy upbuilding recreation and benefit from it? The Scriptures warn against certain behavior identified as “the works of the flesh.” These works include “sexual immorality, uncleanness, brazen conduct, idolatry, spiritism, hostility, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, dissensions, divisions, sects, envy, drunkenness, wild parties, and things like these.” Paul wrote that “those who practice such things will not inherit God’s Kingdom.” (Gal. 5:19-21) Accordingly, we can ask ourselves: ‘Does my conscience move me to shun sports that are aggressive, competitive, nationalistic, or violent? Does my inner voice warn me when I am tempted to view a film that features pornographic scenes or one that condones immorality, drunkenness, or spiritism?’ w15 9/15 2:11, 12 Friday, October 20 I well know, O Jehovah, that man’s way does not belong to him. It does not belong to man who is walking even to direct his step.—Jer. 10:23. From the Bible we learn that humans are not created with the right of self-determination, to be independent of God, and that ignoring this fundamental truth will have sad consequences. This is critically important to our welfare. Only by recognizing God’s authority can we enjoy peace and harmony. How loving of Jehovah that he chooses to reveal this important truth! A loving father is deeply concerned about the future of his children, wanting them to have a real and meaningful purpose in life. Regrettably, most people are in the dark about the future, or they spend their life pursuing goals that bring no lasting benefits. (Ps. 90:10) As God’s children, we feel truly loved because Jehovah has promised us a wonderful future. That gives genuine meaning and purpose to our life. w15 9/15 4:10, 11 Saturday, October 21 There will be no dew or rain except by my word!—1 Ki. 17:1. In Israel’s early history, people had the opportunity to see and hear about how God acted in Israel’s behalf. Jehovah miraculously delivered his people out of Egypt, and then king after king fell before them. (Josh. 9:3, 9, 10) Israel’s opponents refused to acknowledge that God was fighting for Israel, and that led to their defeat. Later, wicked King Ahab had every opportunity to see God’s hand in events. Ahab saw fire come down from heaven when Elijah prayed for his offering to be consumed. Elijah then indicated that Jehovah would bring the drought they were experiencing to an end, telling Ahab: “Go down so that the downpour may not detain you!” (1 Ki. 18:22-45) Ahab saw all of this happen but still refused to acknowledge that it was a mighty display of God’s power. This and other examples teach us an important lesson—we must recognize Jehovah’s hand when it is in action. w15 10/15 1:4, 5 Sunday, October 22 The righteous one will live by reason of faith.—Gal. 3:11. We must never doubt that if we follow God’s direction, it will turn out for our good. It is vital that we put faith in the One who can really help. Paul reminds us that God is “the one who can, according to his power that is operating in us, do more than superabundantly beyond all the things we ask or conceive.” (Eph. 3:20) Jehovah’s servants do all they can to carry out the will of God, but knowing their limitations, they trust in Jehovah to bless the outcome. Are we not glad that our God is with us? Can we expect our requests for more faith to be answered? The Bible assures us that we can when “we ask according to [God’s] will.” (1 John 5:14) Clearly, Jehovah is pleased with those who put their complete trust in him. Jehovah will answer our request for more faith, and our faith will grow exceedingly, leading to our being “counted worthy of the Kingdom of God.”—2 Thess. 1:3, 5. w15 10/15 2:16-18 Monday, October 23 Never drift away.—Heb. 2:1. Meditating on spiritual things will help a person grow to Christian maturity. (Heb. 5:14; 6:1) A person who spends little time thinking about Jehovah and Jesus will not maintain strong faith. Such a person is in danger of drifting away or drawing away from the truth. (Heb. 3:12) Jesus warned that if we do not hear, or accept, God’s Word “with a fine and good heart,” we will not “retain” it. Instead, we could easily be “carried away by anxieties, riches, and pleasures of this life, . . . and bring nothing to maturity.” (Luke 8:14, 15) Therefore, let us continue to ponder over God’s Word. This will motivate us to reflect Jehovah’s glory, qualities, and personality as revealed in the Bible. (2 Cor. 3:18) What more could we ask for? Growing in the knowledge of God and being allowed to reflect his glory are wonderful privileges, a never-ending process as we continue to learn how to imitate our loving heavenly Father.—Eccl. 3:11. w15 10/15 4:13, 14 Tuesday, October 24 Wisdom is good for you. If you find it, you will have a future.—Prov. 24:14. As parents, you want your teenage children to remain spiritually healthy. And God wants you to bring your children up “in the discipline and admonition of Jehovah.” (Eph. 6:4) So use your God-given responsibility to establish and maintain a spiritual routine. To illustrate: You insist that your children be educated because their education is important and you hope to instill in them a love for learning. Loving parents likewise insist that their children benefit from the “admonition of Jehovah” at congregation meetings and through other spiritual programs. Because divine education is vital, you try to instill in your children love for spiritual things and appreciation for wisdom. As Jesus helped his disciples, you seek to help your teenage children to succeed in the ministry by developing in them a love of teaching God’s Word and by helping them stick to a good field service routine. w15 11/15 2:6 Wednesday, October 25 The head of every man is the Christ; in turn, the head of a woman is the man; in turn, the head of the Christ is God.—1 Cor. 11:3. Because of the headship principle that exists throughout God’s arrangement of things, love is especially important. But headship is not to be exercised in a domineering way. Although a husband is the head of his wife, the Bible instructs him to ‘assign her honor.’ (1 Pet. 3:7) One way husbands can honor their wives is by taking into consideration their needs and giving them first choice in some matters. Indeed, God’s Word states: “Husbands, continue loving your wives, just as the Christ also loved the congregation and gave himself up for it.” (Eph. 5:25) Yes, Jesus even gave his life for his followers. When a husband imitates the loving way in which Jesus exercises headship, it is much easier for a wife to love and respect him and be in subjection to him.—Titus 2:3-5. w15 11/15 4:6, 7 Thursday, October 26 The Greek-speaking Jews began complaining against the Hebrew-speaking Jews.—Acts 6:1. As Christianity spread, much communication among Christians was in Greek. In fact, the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, which contain inspired records of what Jesus taught and did, were widely distributed in Greek. Thus, the language of many disciples was Greek rather than Hebrew. The letters of the apostle Paul and the other inspired books were also distributed in Greek. It is noteworthy that when writers of the Christian Greek Scriptures quoted from the Hebrew Scriptures, they usually did so from the Septuagint. These quotations, which at times vary somewhat from the exact Hebrew wording, are now part of the inspired Scriptures. Thus, the work of imperfect human translators became part of the inspired Word of God, a God who does not favor one culture or language over another.—Acts 10:34. w15 12/15 1:8, 9 Friday, October 27 O Jehovah, open my lips, so that my mouth may declare your praise.—Ps. 51:15. Speech is part of our daily life, but we do not need to talk all the time. In fact, the Bible says that there is “a time to be silent.” (Eccl. 3:7) Maintaining silence when others are speaking can be a mark of respect. (Job 6:24) Controlling our tongue to keep quiet about a confidential matter gives evidence of discretion and discernment. (Prov. 20:19) Restraining our tongue when we are provoked is the course of wisdom. (Ps. 4:4) On the other hand, the Bible also says that there is “a time to speak.” (Eccl. 3:7) If a friend gave you a beautiful present, you would probably not store it out of sight. Rather, you would show your appreciation by putting it to good use. We show our gratitude for Jehovah’s gift of speech by using it wisely. That might include expressing our feelings, communicating our needs, sharing words of encouragement, and giving God praise. w15 12/15 3:4, 5 Saturday, October 28 Do not drink water any longer, but take a little wine for the sake of your stomach and your frequent cases of sickness.—1 Tim. 5:23. We do not live at a time when a fellow Christian can use “gifts of healing” to cure us. (1 Cor. 12:9) But some well-intentioned brothers give unsolicited health recommendations. Granted, someone might simply offer general, practical suggestions. Paul did so when Timothy was experiencing stomach problems, perhaps because the local water was polluted. That, however, is quite different from trying to persuade a fellow Witness to use some herb, remedy, or diet that may not be effective or in some cases may even be harmful. At times, some have tried to persuade others with an explanation: ‘My relative had a similar disease, and he took . . . Then he got well.’ No matter how sincere the suggestion, we do well to keep in mind that there may be risks even with widely used medications and treatments.—Prov. 27:12. w15 12/15 4:13 Sunday, October 29 Christ died once for all time for sins, a righteous person for unrighteous ones.—1 Pet. 3:18. Because of inherited sin, we are all facing the death penalty. (Rom. 5:12) Lovingly, Jehovah arranged for Jesus to come to the earth and “taste death for everyone.” (Heb. 2:9) Not only did Jehovah save our present life but he laid the basis for wiping out the cause of death forever. (Isa. 25:7, 8; 1 Cor. 15:22, 26) All who exercise faith in Jesus will receive everlasting life in peace and happiness as earthly subjects of God’s Kingdom by Christ or, for the anointed, as corulers in that Kingdom. (Rom. 6:23; Rev. 5:9, 10) What other blessings are included in this gift from Jehovah? Jehovah’s gift includes the curing of all our sicknesses, the transformation of our earth into a paradise, and the resurrection of the dead. (Isa. 33:24; 35:5, 6; John 5:28, 29) We surely love Jehovah and his dear Son for giving us what is an “indescribable free gift.”—2 Cor. 9:15. w16.01 2:5, 6 Monday, October 30 You people must be born again.—John 3:7. Before receiving this personal witness from God’s spirit, anointed Christians cherished an earthly hope. They longed for the time when Jehovah would cleanse this earth, and they wanted to be part of that blessed future. Perhaps they even pictured themselves welcoming back their loved ones from the grave. They looked forward to living in the homes that they built and eating the fruitage of trees that they planted. (Isa. 65:21-23) Why did their thinking change? They did not become dissatisfied with that hope. They did not change their mind because of emotional stress or turmoil. They did not give up on this earth, as if they suddenly felt that they would find living forever on earth to be tiresome or boring; nor did they merely want to explore some new frontier in heaven. Rather, they changed because of the operation of God’s spirit that not only called, or invited, them but also changed their thinking and hope. w16.01 3:11, 13 Tuesday, October 31 Working together with him, we also urge you not to accept the undeserved kindness of God and miss its purpose.—2 Cor. 6:1. Jehovah is the Supreme One, the Creator of all things, the One possessing infinite wisdom and power. Job came to understand that. After Jehovah questioned Job about His works of creation, Job replied: “I know that you are able to do all things and that nothing you have in mind to do is impossible for you.” (Job 42:2) Though Jehovah can accomplish whatever he sets out to do—without assistance—he has from the very beginning lovingly invited others to work along with him to achieve his purpose. God’s first creation was his only-begotten spirit Son. Jehovah allowed his Son to share in all further works of creation, both spirit and material. (John 1:1-3, 18) Thus, Jehovah honored his Son both by including him in the works of creation and by telling others about his Son’s important role.—Col. 1:15-17. w16.01 5:1, 2
What Is the Scarlet-Colored Beast of Revelation Chapter 17?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502016102	What Is the Scarlet-Colored Beast of Revelation Chapter 17? The Bible’s answer The scarlet-colored beast, described in Revelation chapter 17, is a symbol of the organization whose purpose is to unite and represent the nations of the world. It first existed as the League of Nations and is now the United Nations. Keys to identifying the scarlet-colored beast A political entity. The scarlet-colored beast has “seven heads” that are said to represent “seven mountains” and “seven kings,” or ruling powers. (Revelation 17:9, 10) Mountains and beasts are used in the Bible as symbols of governments.—Jeremiah 51:24, 25; Daniel 2:44, 45; 7:17, 23. A likeness of the worldwide political system. The scarlet-colored beast resembles the seven-headed beast of Revelation chapter 13, which represents the worldwide political system. Both beasts have seven heads, ten horns, and blasphemous names. (Revelation 13:1; 17:3) These similarities are too striking to be a coincidence. The scarlet-colored beast is an image, or likeness, of the worldwide political system.—Revelation 13:15. Power from other rulerships. The scarlet-colored beast “springs from,” or owes its existence to, other ruling forces.—Revelation 17:11, 17. instructioned with religion. Babylon the Great, the world’s collective body of false religions, sits on the scarlet-colored beast, showing that the beast is influenced by religious groups.—Revelation 17:3-5. Dishonors God. The beast is “full of blasphemous names.”—Revelation 17:3. Temporarily inactive. The scarlet-colored beast would be in “the abyss,”a or inactive, for a time but would rise again.—Revelation 17:8. Bible prophecy fulfilled Consider how the United Nations and its predecessor, the League of Nations, have fulfilled the Bible’s prophecy of the scarlet-colored beast. A political entity. The United Nations supports the political system by upholding “the sovereign equality of all its Members.”b A likeness of the worldwide political system. In 2011, the United Nations added its 193rd member state. Thus, it claims to represent the vast majority of nations and peoples in the world. Power from other rulerships. The United Nations owes its existence to its member nations and has only as much power and authority as they grant to it. instructioned with religion. Both the League of Nations and the United Nations have consistently received the backing of the world’s religions.c Dishonors God. The United Nations was established “to maintain international peace and security.”d While this goal might seem to be praiseworthy, the UN actually dishonors God by claiming to do what he has said only his Kingdom will accomplish.—Psalm 46:9; Daniel 2:44. Temporarily inactive. The League of Nations, which was formed shortly after World War I to maintain peace, was unable to prevent international aggression. It ceased to function when World War II began in 1939. In 1945, after World War II ended, the United Nations was formed. Its purposes, methods, and structure closely resemble those of the League of Nations. a According to Vine’s Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words, the Greek word translated “abyss” describes “an immeasurable depth.” The King James Version renders the word as “bottomless pit.” In the Bible, it refers to a place or condition of confinement and complete inactivity. b See Article 2 of the Charter of the United Nations. c For example, a council representing dozens of Protestant denominations in America declared in 1918 that the League would be “the political expression of the kingdom of God on earth.” In 1965, representatives of Buddhism, Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and Protestantism assembled in San Francisco to support and pray for the United Nations. And in 1979, Pope John Paul II expressed his hope that the UN “will ever remain the supreme forum of peace and justice.” d See Article 1 of the Charter of the United Nations.
Happiness (hp) 1980	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/hp	Chapter 1 Is a Happy Life Really Possible? “IT’S good to be alive!” That is the way a person feels when he is happy. But if we are realistic, we know that life is not always that way. There are problems. These may be so many and so weighty that real happiness seems just a dream. Need it be that way? 2 You know that a happy life is made up of various elements. To enjoy life we need enough to eat, and suitable clothing. We need a home where we can find protection and rest. Yet these are just the basics. Pleasant companionship and good health are also important. 3 But even those who have a measure of these things may still long for true happiness. The type of work a person does, or the conditions under which he must work, may rob him of outputment. Also, in many families there is conflict between husband and wife or between parents and children. Nor can we ignore that over all of us hangs the possibility of sickness or sudden death. Do you believe that it is possible to cope with these and other problems in such a way that we can find true satisfaction? There is reason to believe so. Yet for anyone to enjoy a happy life, he first needs something that not all have—a reason to live. 4 Your life must have meaning if you are to be truly happy. In his book The Transparent Self, Professor S. M. Jourard writes: “A person lives as long as he experiences his life as having meaning and value and as long as he has something to live for . . . As soon as meaning, value and hope vanish from a person’s experience, he begins to stop living; he begins to die.” This is now being recognized even in industry. A Canadian report on job absenteeism commented: “People are looking for meaning in their lives and are no longer satisfied to be dispensable faceless cogs in the machinery of society.”—Atlas World Press Review. 5 This helps to explain why many of the wealthy are not really satisfied. Oh, yes, they eat, sleep, have a family and share some of life’s pleasures and comforts. But they may sense that the same could be said of many animals. There must be more to life. 6 Nor is just long life the answer. Many elderly persons know from experience that a long life without a feeling of accomplishment or of being needed is wearisome. Have you seen that? 7 The lack of an ennobling reason to live is not confined to persons up in years. A survey conducted by Japan’s Daito Bunka University revealed that, of 1,500 high school students, 50 percent of the girls and 34 percent of the boys had already considered suicide. Why? First among the reasons given was “the meaninglessness of life.” And is it much different in Europe, in the Americas and in Africa? The worldwide rise in suicide shows that more and more persons are unhappy and have given up on life. 8 We ourselves may not feel so desperate. We may find that some happiness is possible despite our problems. Still, we cannot escape asking, Does life have real meaning? How can I be lastingly happy? 9 Centuries ago a king surveyed many of life’s pursuits—having a family, gaining wealth, improving one’s education, enjoying good food and constructing impressive buildings. Such things may sound pleasurable. Yet he found that they can also bring much vexation. He asked: “What does a man come to have for all his hard work and for the striving of his heart with which he is working hard under the sun? For all his days his occupation means pains and vexation, also during the night his heart just does not lie down. This too is mere vanity.”a 10 The vanity of it was underscored later when he described what awaits a person after not many years of life—failing vision, weak arms and legs, decayed or missing teeth, troubled sleep and finally death.b 11 So, even if we feel that there is happiness to be found in life, there are also puzzling questions that touch all of us. Especially so now. Why? Well, editor Vermont Royster commented that in little more than 50 years men have greatly expanded their knowledge and technical ability, but then he adds: “Here is a curious thing. In the contemplation of man himself, of his dilemmas, of his place in this universe, we are little further along than when time began. We are still left with questions of who we are and why we are and where we are going.”—Science Digest. 12 Of course, one might just try to pass off such questions and ‘enjoy life.’ Much can be said for finding pleasure in life despite its problems. But it is not realistic to live a life of make-believe.c Our lives would have real meaning and the basis for happiness if we could begin to understand, “who we are and why we are and where we are going.” Can we do that? 13 Serious thinkers have often concluded that the answers depend on the fundamental question, ‘Does God exist?’ If there is a God, it is logical that he would know where we came from, why we are here and where we are going. He would also know why evil exists, if it will end, and, if so, how. And he would know what we can do to make our lives happier and more meaningful. So, then, ‘Does God exist?’ [Footnotes] a Ecclesiastes 2:22, 23, in the Bible. b Ecclesiastes 12:1-7. c Compare Ecclesiastes 7:2-6. [Study Questions] What is needed to be happy in life? (1-10) What questions do we face about life, and how is belief in God involved? (11-13) [Box on page 7] ‘IS LIFE WORTH LIVING?’ Michele, a Frenchwoman, relates that she deserted home and community “to escape from the hypocritical world and from disappointment over those around me.” Then— “I came in contact with immorality, drugs and dangerous associates. The police and Interpol were after me. I very nearly became a victim of the white slave trade. Traveling from place to place seeking an explanation for our existence, I contacted different sects. But life did not seem worth living. I felt useless and only thought of dying.” [Box on page 9] A PERPLEXED MAN A man in Japan named Yamamoto relates: “While preparing for college entrance examinations a few years ago, I spent much of my time contemplating the meaning and purpose of life. The more I studied books on philosophy, the more disappointed I was. After passing my examination I joined a political party. But seeing all the badness around me, I again faced the question, ‘What is the purpose of life?’” He did not find satisfying answers in the philosophies of men, who clearly have not solved mankind’s problems. Nor did his study of history or his experience with politics indicate that any human government holds the answer. Men have tried all sorts of governments, yet the question regarding the meaning of life persisted. The Japanese man adds: “I began to live a pleasure-seeking life, doing so half out of despair. But I soon sensed the folly of that. I finally came to the conclusion that the answer to my long-perplexing question regarding the reason or purpose for life depended upon whether God exists or not.” [Full-page picture on page 4]
Empowered to Overcome Any Trial	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2011047	Empowered to Overcome Any Trial “For all things I have the strength by virtue of him who imparts power to me.”—PHIL. 4:13. 1. Why do Jehovah’s people face many adversities? JEHOVAH’S people are no strangers to adversity of one type or another. Some trials are due to our own imperfections or are a consequence of the system of things in which we live. Others are due to the enmity that exists between those who serve God and those who do not. (Gen. 3:15) From early on in human history, God has helped his faithful servants to withstand religious persecution, resist harmful peer pressure, and endure all kinds of other adversities. His holy spirit can empower us to do the same. Helped to Withstand Religious Persecution 2. What is the aim of religious persecution, and what forms can it take? 2 Religious persecution is harassment or injury deliberately inflicted on people because of their faith or beliefs. Its purpose is to stamp out such beliefs, prevent their spread, or break the integrity of believers. Persecution can take various forms, some overt, some subtle. The Bible likens Satan’s attacks to those of both a young lion and a cobra.—Read Psalm 91:13. 3. What characterizes lionlike and cobralike persecution? 3 Like a savage lion, Satan has often made open, frontal attacks by means of violence, imprisonment, or ban. (Ps. 94:20) Yearbook reports describing acts of Jehovah’s Witnesses in modern times contain numerous accounts of such tactics. Lawless mobs, some led by clergymen or political fanatics, have mistreated God’s people in many places. These lionlike attacks have caused a few to stumble. Like a cobra, the Devil also launches treacherous strikes from hidden places in order to poison minds and deceive people into doing his will. This type of attack is designed to weaken or corrupt us spiritually. But by means of God’s holy spirit, we can withstand both forms of persecution. 4, 5. What is the best way to prepare for persecution, and why? Give an example. 4 Imagining different scenarios of possible future persecution is not the best way to prepare for it. The fact is that we simply cannot know what the future holds in such matters, so there is little to be gained from worrying about things that may never happen. There is, however, something that we can do. Most of those who have successfully endured persecution have done so by meditating on the faithful course of integrity keepers, as recorded in the Scriptures, as well as on the teachings and example of Jesus. This has enabled them to deepen their love for Jehovah. That love, in turn, helped them to resist whatever trials came their way. 5 Consider the example of two of our sisters in Malawi. In an effort to get them to buy political party cards, a violent mob beat, stripped, and threatened to rape them. The mob lyingly told them that even the members of the Bethel family had obtained party cards. The sisters’ response? “We serve only Jehovah God. So if the brothers at the branch office have bought cards, that does not make any difference to us. We will not compromise, even if you kill us!” After taking that courageous stand, the sisters were released. 6, 7. How does Jehovah empower his servants to face persecution? 6 The apostle Paul noted that Christians in Thessalonica had accepted the message of truth “under much tribulation” yet “with joy of holy spirit.” (1 Thess. 1:6) Indeed, many Christians, past and present, who have faced and overcome persecution report that at the height of their trials, they experienced inner peace, one aspect of the fruitage of God’s holy spirit. (Gal. 5:22) That peace, in turn, helped to guard their hearts and mental powers. Yes, Jehovah uses his active force to empower his servants to cope with trials and to act wisely when adversity strikes.a 7 Onlookers have been amazed by the determination of God’s people to maintain their integrity even in the face of vicious persecution. The Witnesses seemed imbued with superhuman strength, and indeed they were. The apostle Peter assures us: “If you are being reproached for the name of Christ, you are happy, because the spirit of glory, even the spirit of God, is resting upon you.” (1 Pet. 4:14) That we are persecuted for upholding righteous standards indicates that we have divine approval. (Matt. 5:10-12; John 15:20) What joy this proof of Jehovah’s blessing brings! Helped to Resist Peer Pressure 8. (a) What enabled Joshua and Caleb to resist peer pressure? (b) What can we learn from Joshua and Caleb’s example? 8 A more subtle form of opposition that Christians must endure is negative peer pressure. However, because Jehovah’s spirit is much more powerful than the spirit of the world, we can resist people who ridicule us, who spread untruths about us, or who attempt to force us to conform to their standards. What was it, for example, that enabled Joshua and Caleb to disagree with the views of the ten other spies who were sent into the land of Canaan? Holy spirit stirred within them a different “spirit,” or mental inclination.—Read Numbers 13:30; 14:6-10, 24. 9. Why must Christians be willing to differ from the majority? 9 Holy spirit likewise empowered Jesus’ apostles to obey God rather than those whom many esteemed as teachers of true religion. (Acts 4:21, 31; 5:29, 32) Most people prefer to go along with the crowd, so to speak, to avoid confrontation or conflict. True Christians, though, often have to take a stand for what they know to be right. Even so, thanks to the strength imparted by God’s active force, they do not fear to be different. (2 Tim. 1:7) Consider one area in which we must not give in to peer pressure. 10. What dilemma might some Christians face? 10 Some young ones might face a dilemma if they learn that a friend has engaged in unscriptural conduct. They may feel that seeking spiritual help for their friend would violate an unwritten code of silence; therefore, they refuse to speak about the matter because of a misguided sense of loyalty. A wrongdoer may even pressure his friends to keep his sin hidden. Of course, this kind of problem is not unique to young people. Some adults too may find it difficult to approach congregation elders concerning the wrongdoing of a friend or a family member. But how should true Christians react to such pressure? 11, 12. What is the best response if a member of the congregation urges you not to reveal his or her wrongdoing, and why? 11 Imagine this situation. Suppose that Alex, a young brother, learned that Steve, his friend in the congregation, was in the habit of viewing pornography. Alex tells Steve that he is deeply concerned about what his friend is doing. However, Steve shrugs off his words. When Alex urges him to talk to the elders about it, Steve responds that if the two really are friends, then Alex will not tell on him. Should Alex be afraid of losing his friend? He might wonder whom the elders would believe if Steve denied everything. Still, the situation is not going to improve if Alex keeps quiet about it. Indeed, it could lead to Steve’s losing his relationship with Jehovah. Alex would do well to recall that “trembling at men is what lays a snare, but he that is trusting in Jehovah will be protected.” (Prov. 29:25) What else could Alex do? He might lovingly approach Steve again and lay bare his fault. That will take courage. It may well be, though, that this time Steve will welcome the opportunity to talk about his problem. Alex should again encourage Steve to speak to the elders and tell him that if he does not do so within a reasonable period of time, then Alex will alert them.—Lev. 5:1. 12 If you ever have to handle such a situation, your friend may not at first appreciate your efforts to help. But he might in time come to realize that you are acting in his best interests. If the erring one receives and accepts help, then he might be lastingly grateful to you for your courage and loyalty. On the other hand, if he becomes hardened against you, is he really the kind of friend that you want? Pleasing our greatest Friend, Jehovah, is always the right thing to do. When we put him first, others who love him will respect us for our loyalty and become true friends. We should never allow place for the Devil in the Christian congregation. If we were to do so, we truly would grieve Jehovah’s holy spirit. We act in harmony with it, however, by working to keep the Christian congregation pure.—Eph. 4:27, 30. Empowered to Endure All Kinds of Adversity 13. What kinds of adversity are Jehovah’s people facing, and why are such things so prevalent? 13 Adversity may take many forms—a financial reversal, the loss of employment, a natural disaster, the death of a loved one, a health crisis, and so on. Since we live in “critical times,” it is to be expected that sooner or later all of us will have to deal with some kind of trial. (2 Tim. 3:1) When that occurs, it is important not to panic. Holy spirit can empower us to endure any kind of adversity. 14. What empowered Job to endure his adversities? 14 Job suffered one adversity after another. He lost his livelihood, children, friends, and health, and his wife lost confidence in Jehovah. (Job 1:13-19; 2:7-9) Yet, Job found a true comforter in Elihu. His message, as well as the substance of Jehovah’s own message to Job, was: “Stand still and show yourself attentive to the wonderful works of God.” (Job 37:14) What helped Job to endure his trials? And what can help us to endure ours? Remembering and pondering the various manifestations of Jehovah’s holy spirit and power. (Job 38:1-41; 42:1, 2) Perhaps we recall times in our own life when we saw evidence of God’s interest in us personally. He is still interested in us. 15. What strengthened the apostle Paul to endure trials? 15 The apostle Paul endured many life-threatening adversities for the sake of his faith. (2 Cor. 11:23-28) How did he maintain balance and emotional stability under those trying circumstances? By prayerful reliance on Jehovah. During the time of testing that apparently culminated in his martyrdom, Paul wrote: “The Lord stood near me and infused power into me, that through me the preaching might be fully accomplished and all the nations might hear it; and I was delivered from the lion’s mouth.” (2 Tim. 4:17) Therefore, from personal experience, Paul could assure fellow believers that there was no need to “be anxious over anything.”—Read Philippians 4:6, 7, 13. 16, 17. Give an example of how Jehovah is empowering his people to face adversities today. 16 A pioneer named Roxana is one who has seen how Jehovah provides for his people. When she asked her employer for permission to take some days off to attend one of our conventions, he angrily retorted that if she went, he would fire her. Roxana went anyway, fervently praying that she might keep her job. After that, she felt calm. Sure enough, on the Monday after the convention, her boss did fire her. Roxana was perturbed. She needed that job, low-paying though it was, to help support her family. Again she prayed, and she reflected on the fact that God had provided for her spiritually at the convention, so he could surely also provide for her physically. As she walked home, Roxana saw a “Help Wanted” sign for experienced operators of industrial sewing machines, and she applied for a job. The manager realized that she had no experience but offered her a job anyway, at almost double the wages she had been earning. Roxana felt that her prayers had been answered. The greatest blessing, however, was that she was able to share the good news with several of her fellow workers. Five of them, including the manager, accepted the truth and were baptized. 17 At times, it might seem that our prayers are not being answered—at least not right away or in the way we expect. If so, doubtless there is a good reason. Jehovah knows it, but it may become clear to us only in the future. Of one thing we can be sure—God does not abandon his faithful ones.—Heb. 6:10. Helped to Overcome Trials and Temptations 18, 19. (a) Why can we expect to face trials and temptations? (b) How can you face trials successfully? 18 Jehovah’s people are not surprised to meet up with temptation, discouragement, persecution, and peer pressure. The world is basically hostile toward us. (John 15:17-19) Yet, holy spirit can make us equal to any challenge we might face in our service to God. Jehovah will not let us be tempted beyond what we can bear. (1 Cor. 10:13) He will by no means ever leave or forsake us. (Heb. 13:5) Obedience to his inspired Word protects and fortifies us. Moreover, God’s spirit can impel fellow believers to impart the assistance we need when we need it most. 19 May all of us continue to seek holy spirit through prayer and study of the Scriptures. May we go on “being made powerful with all power to the extent of [God’s] glorious might so as to endure fully and be long-suffering with joy.”—Col. 1:11. [Footnote] a For examples, see The Watchtower, May 1, 2001, page 16; and Awake! February 8, 1993, pages 21 and 22. How Would You Answer? • How can you prepare to withstand persecution? • How should you react if someone urges you not to reveal wrongdoing? • What confidence can you have in the face of any kind of adversity? [Picture on page 28] What can we learn from Joshua and Caleb? [Picture on page 29] How can you help a friend who commits some wrong?
Greatest Man (gt) 1991	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/gt	Chapter 44 Silencing a Terrifying Storm JESUS’ day has been filled with activity, including teaching the crowds on the beach and afterward explaining the illustrations privately to his disciples. When evening comes, he says: “Let us cross to the other shore.” Over on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee is the region called the Decapolis, from the Greek deʹka, meaning “ten,” and poʹlis, meaning “city.” The cities of the Decapolis are a center of Greek culture, although doubtless they are also the home of many Jews. Jesus’ activity in the region, however, is very limited. Even on this visit, as we will see later, he is prevented from staying long. When Jesus requests that they leave for the other shore, the disciples take him in the boat. Their departure, however, does not go unnoticed. Soon others board their boats to accompany them. It is not very far across. Actually, the Sea of Galilee is just a large lake about 13 miles long and a maximum of 7 1/2 miles wide. Jesus is understandably tired. So, soon after they shove off, he lies down in the back of the boat, puts his head on a pillow, and falls fast asleep. Several of the apostles are experienced sailors, having fished extensively on the Sea of Galilee. So they take charge of sailing the boat. But this is not to be an easy trip. Because of the warmer temperature at the lake’s surface, which is about 700 feet below sea level, and the colder air in the nearby mountains, strong winds at times sweep down and create sudden violent windstorms on the lake. This is what now occurs. Soon the waves are dashing against the boat and splashing into it, so that it is close to being swamped. Yet, Jesus continues to sleep! The experienced seamen work frantically to steer the boat. No doubt they have maneuvered through storms before. But this time they are at the end of their resources. Fearing for their lives, they wake Jesus up. ‘Master, do you not care? We are sinking!’ they exclaim. ‘Save us, we are going to drown!’ Rousing himself, Jesus commands the wind and the sea: “Hush! Be quiet!” And the raging wind stops and the sea becomes calm. Turning to his disciples, he asks: ‘Why are you so fearful? Do you not yet have any faith?’ At that, an unusual fear grips the disciples. ‘Who really is this man?’ they ask one another, ‘for he orders even the winds and the water, and they obey him.’ What power Jesus displays! How reassuring it is to know that our King has power over the natural elements and that when his full attention is directed toward our earth during his Kingdom rule, all people will dwell in security from terrifying natural calamities! Sometime after the storm subsides, Jesus and his disciples arrive safely on the eastern shore. Perhaps the other boats were spared the intensity of the storm and safely returned home. Mark 4:35–5:1; Matthew 8:18, 23-27; Luke 8:22-26. ▪ What is the Decapolis, and where is it located? ▪ What physical features are responsible for violent storms on the Sea of Galilee? ▪ When their sailing skills cannot save them, what do the disciples do?
Philately—Absorbing Hobby and Big Business	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101995005	Philately—Absorbing Hobby and Big Business BY AWAKE! CORRESPONDENT IN BRITAIN PHILATELY, or the collecting of postage stamps, is said to be the “world’s greatest hobby.” The first stamps were simply ‘bits of paper covered at the back with a glutinous wash, which the user might, by applying a little moisture, attach to the back of a letter,’ according to British postal reformer Sir Rowland Hill (1795-1879). His ‘bits of paper’ became so popular that today postage stamps are hailed as an invention that changed the course of communications throughout the world. For collectors and dealers, stamp values vary from virtually nil to astronomical sums of a million or more dollars. How can this be when postage stamps are so commonplace? And what gives them their appeal and their value? The Unique Penny Black The first handstruck stamps denoting prepayment of postage were the invention of merchant William Dockwra, who in 1680 started the London Penny Post. The mail deposited at the receiving house was stamped with a double-lined triangular postmark inscribed with the words PENNY POST PAID, ready for transmission by Dockwra’s messengers. But other messengers and porters strenuously opposed this arrangement because they felt their livelihood threatened. The government post office, too, saw Dockwra’s post as an infringement of their monopoly. It was not until the early 19th century that postal reforms succeeded in making penny postage available throughout the country. In May 1840, the first adhesive postage stamp went on sale in Britain and soon became famous as the Penny Black. (See photo.) It was unperforated, and each stamp had to be cut from a sheet. In 1843, Brazil became second only to Britain in issuing adhesive stamps valid for use throughout an entire country. Gradually other countries adopted their use for inland mail. Later, to facilitate overseas delivery, a worldwide postal union developed. Today the Universal Postal Union, with headquarters in Bern, Switzerland, is a specialized agency of the United Nations. Collections Tell a Story As international communications increased, each country designed and printed distinctive stamps. Some, called commemoratives, illustrate outstanding events and people; others, called definitives, are well-defined for regular use in a series of values to meet varying postal needs. Over the years some 600 postal administrations have issued an estimated 10,000 new stamps annually. Both the serious student of stamps (the philatelist) and the person who simply enjoys collecting stamps as a pastime can find something to suit their tastes in the quarter-of-a-million different stamps issued so far! Obviously, with such a quantity and variety of stamps, no single collector can expect to own a copy of each type of stamp ever issued. Instead, many choose to collect stamps by themes. Agriculture, animals, Antarctica, bees, Bible, birds, bridges, caves, cinema, coal, country, energy, Esperanto, Europe, fire, flight, flowers, fungi, geology, industry, medicine, music, Olympic Games, photography, postal services, Red Cross, religion, space, sports, transport, UN, and even the weather are all collectible subjects. You name it, stamps have it. Other collectors focus on stamp variations. What does this involve? Take a look again at the Penny Black. Do you notice the letters printed in the lower corners of the stamp? Originally, these stamps were printed in a sheet made up of 240 individual stamps arranged in 20 horizontal rows of 12. The first stamp in the top row had letters AA; the last in the row, AL, and so on alphabetically down the sheet to TA and TL at the beginning and end of row 20. The letters were hand punched in the corner squares of the design in the final stages of platemaking. A post office employee would suspect forgery if stamps on many letters he handled featured the same two characters. Even though an estimated 68 million individual Penny Black stamps were issued, a collector who today owns an unused one has something rare and of value—in the range of $4,200 to $6,800. Apart from subtle variations in design, stamps that are printed from different plates, on paper with different watermarks (a faint design in the paper, visible when held against the light), and even those with a different number of perforations (the holes along the edges) all command the interest of specialized collectors. To succeed, such specialists need more than tweezers (Never use your fingers!) and magnifying glass. Gages detect differences in perforations; ultra-violet lamps show up damage, hidden phosphorescence, and other minute details. Certain collectors show special interest in mistakes in stamp design and printing. For them, owning something that other collectors have missed is the big thing. Consider the difference in value. By 1990 estimates, an 1841 Penny Red with the letter A missing, a mistake on the first stamp of the second row of the sheet, was worth some 1,300 times as much as one without this error! Stamps Are a Big Business Nowadays the stamp hobby attracts a variety of investors. The genuine investor purchases portfolios of rare classic stamps that dealers believe are most likely to appreciate in value over a fixed term. When the investment matures, the dealer undertakes to sell his client’s holdings at the highest prices obtainable. “Light, legible postmarks are a requisite for postally used stamps—often the most common stamps are comparatively scarce with ideal or unusual postmarks and are worth a corresponding premium. Condition is crucial to the value of a stamp,” writes stamp authority James Watson. In 1979 the London Daily Mail reported that “in the past five years, classic stamps (those dating from 1840 to 1870) have been appreciating far more than shares and other forms of investment, and in many cases, even more than house prices.” A portfolio of seven rare stamps that cost $84,700 in 1974 increased its value to $306,000. In 1990 a Time International advertisement reported: “As an investment, stamps have had a varied time of it. In the 1970s prices were pushed up very rapidly as speculators looking to profit from scarce stamps built up investment portfolios. But as London staged its 1980 Stamp World Exhibition, the bubble burst and the speculators found that the only people prepared to underpin the market were the collectors, and they had sensibly withdrawn. ‘When the investors tried to cash in their portfolios, they found that many stamps were not as scarce as they had supposed,’” and they lost out. What a warning this is for those who invest in stamps! As a collector, then, or even as a philatelist, aim for balance. Enjoy your stamps. Learn from them—about the world, its geography, peoples, and cultures. Do not let collecting become an obsession. Carefully weigh your interest in stamps, and measure this against the more important things in life. [Picture on page 17] Penny Black [Pictures on page 18] Stamps from Austria, Spain, and Britain
Scriptures for Christian Living (scl) 2023	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/scl	Freedom Who alone in all the universe has absolute freedom? Isa 40:13, 15; Ro 9:20, 21 See also Ro 11:33-36 Relevant Bible account(s): Da 4:29-35—Mighty King Nebuchadnezzar comes to learn that Jehovah is the Supreme Authority and answers to no one Isa 45:6-12—Jehovah explains why he is above being questioned by his creation Despite having absolute freedom, what are some things that Jehovah chooses never to do? De 32:4; Job 34:10; Tit 1:2 See also Ro 9:14 Why is our freedom limited? Ge 1:28; Ro 13:1, 5, 7; 1Co 11:3; Heb 13:17 Why should Christians restrict their own freedom for the sake of others? Mt 7:12; 1Co 8:13 Why might it be said that Jehovah’s servants enjoy considerable freedom? Joh 8:31, 32; 2Co 3:17 See also Ga 2:4; 4:25, 26; 5:1 Why is a life of serving God a happy life? Ps 40:8 Relevant Bible account(s): Ge 18:3; Heb 11:8-10—Abraham, a servant of Jehovah, leads a life filled with hope Heb 11:24-26—The prophet Moses finds great fulfillment, freedom, and hope in serving Jehovah Jehovah offers freedom from what bondage? Ro 6:16-18, 22; 8:2 Why should we not abuse our freedom as Christians? Ga 5:13; 1Pe 2:16 When may love move Christians to give up certain freedoms? 1Co 9:19; 10:23, 24, 32, 33; 13:4, 5 How does our message free people? Lu 4:18; Joh 8:32, 36 What kind of freedom does the Bible offer for the future? Ro 8:21; Re 21:3, 4 In what way do those who do whatever they want become slaves? Joh 8:34; 2Pe 2:18-20 What shows that all humans are equal in God’s eyes? 1Co 7:22; Ga 3:28; Col 3:10, 11 See also 1Co 12:13
Peace and Security (tp73) 1973	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/tp73	Chapter 7 When Will the Foretold World Destruction Come? 1. What grand purpose does God have for mankind? WHAT a relief it would be to see war, crime and pollution of the earth brought to an end! How pleasant to live under a truly righteous administration, where there could be the enjoyment of full security for oneself and one’s family! The Bible shows that God will make these things a reality. But when? 2. (a) When “Jehovah’s day” comes, who will be caught by surprise? (b) How can we avoid having that happen to us? 2 With reference to the world destruction that clears the way for God’s righteous new order, an apostle of Jesus Christ wrote: “Jehovah’s day is coming exactly as a thief in the night.” Then, addressing himself to persons who study and heed God’s Word, he adds: “But you, brothers, you are not in darkness, so that that day should overtake you as it would thieves.” (1 Thessalonians 5:2, 4) Those who fail to heed the warning will be taken by surprise. When “Jehovah’s day” arrives, they will be like an animal caught suddenly in a snare from which it cannot escape. But that does not have to be your experience. As the scripture states, there are people who “are not in darkness.” This is not because of any wisdom originating with them. Rather, it is because they study and take to heart God’s Word. What does that Word say regarding our day?—Luke 21:34-36. 3, 4. (a) Where is the full significance of the events of the twentieth century explained? (b) What four main points set out in Bible prophecy are we going to examine now? 3 It describes events of this twentieth century. But it did this some two thousand years in advance! While many of the events themselves are common knowledge, only the Bible points out their full significance. 4 Among the information contained in the Bible regarding our day is the following: (1) Identification of a specific year as the time when God would give rulership over the “kingdom of mankind” to “the one whom he wants to.” (2) Listing of significant events that would take place during the period known as “the conclusion of the system of things.” (3) Indication as to the length of time from the beginning of “the conclusion of the system of things” until the foretold world destruction arrives. (4) Mention of a striking development in world affairs as a final signal that world destruction is about to begin. Let us examine these points one at a time. THE MARKED YEAR—1914 C.E. 5. At how early a date did Jehovah’s witnesses realize that the Bible pointed to 1914 C.E. as a significant year? 5 The year 1914 C.E. is marked by Bible prophecy as a time when major events in the heavens would have far-reaching effects on human affairs. As far back as 1876 Jehovah’s witnesses (then known as “Bible Students”) realized that fact and gave it wide publicity. You can examine the details for yourself in your own Bible. 6. (a) Open your Bible to Daniel chapter 4, and from Da 4 verses 3 and 17 show what is being discussed there. (b) Who is the one to whom Jehovah gives the “kingdom”? 6 Open your Bible to Daniel chapter 4. There you will find a prophecy that reveals God’s purpose as to exercising his sovereignty over the earth. The purpose of that prophecy is stated as being “that people living may know that the Most High is Ruler in the kingdom of mankind and that to the one whom he wants to, he gives it.” (Da 4 Verses 3, 17) We know that this “one” to whom the Most High chooses to give the “kingdom” is Christ Jesus. The last book of the Bible tells of the time that “the kingdom of the world” is given to Christ as heavenly king. (Revelation 11:15; 12:10) This means, then, that the prophecy of Daniel deals with the time when the Most High God would intervene in human affairs by conferring “the kingdom of the world” on his own Son, Jesus Christ. When does the prophecy show that would be? 7. What is the gist of the prophetic dream in Daniel chapter 4, and how did it apply to King Nebuchadnezzar? 7 The prophetic dream recorded by Daniel mentions an immense tree that was chopped down and banded with iron and copper until “seven times” passed over it. During that time, it was said, “the heart of a beast” would be given to it. (Daniel 4:10-17) What did this mean? God caused his own prophet Daniel to explain: Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, was to be removed from his throne and driven from among men to live as a beast. After seven years the king’s sanity returned, he acknowledged the superiority of God’s rulership, and he himself was restored to his throne. (Daniel 4:20-37) All this had a greater meaning, however, and for that reason it is recorded in the Bible. 8. (a) The greater meaning of the prophecy relates to what kingdom? (b) In this greater fulfillment, what is represented by the cutting down of the tree, and how was ‘the heart of a beast given to it’? 8 This greater meaning relates to a rulership from which all living things on earth would benefit. From it, as the prophecy says, there would be “food for all,” and protection for even the animals and birds. (Daniel 4:12; compare Matthew 13:31, 32.) The only rulership that truly can provide this is the kingdom of God. For centuries the righteous principles of that kingship were demonstrated by means of the government of Judah, with its king of the royal line of David in Jerusalem. But because of their unfaithfulness, Jehovah let them be conquered by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar. It was as if the immense tree seen in the dream had been cut down and bands put around the stump. Gentile governments then exercised world domination, and Babylon, ruled by Nebuchadnezzar, was most prominent. These Gentile kingdoms are represented in the Bible by “beasts.” (Daniel 8:1-8, 20-22) So, what was taking place in the affairs of government was as an angel from heaven had announced: “Let the heart of a beast be given to it, and let seven times pass over it.” (Daniel 4:16) Eventually, however, those “seven times” would expire, the ‘bands’ would be removed, and the “tree” would grow as world domination began to be exercised by the one to whom Jehovah said that he would give “the kingdom of the world.” 9, 10. (a) In figuring the length of the “seven times,” how long does each ‘time’ prove to be? How does the Bible indicate this? (b) When did the “seven times” begin, how many years do they cover, and when do they end? 9 How long would those “seven times” prove to be? They were far more than seven literal years, because hundreds of years later Jesus Christ indicated that they had not yet expired. In the first century of our Common Era, he made mention of them as “the appointed times of the nations,” that is, the Gentile nations, which had held world domination since Babylon’s conquest of Jerusalem in 607 B.C.E.—Luke 21:24. 10 Notice for yourself how the Bible refers to prophetic “times.” Revelation 11:2, 3 shows that 1,260 days comprise forty-two months, or three and a half years. Revelation 12:6, 14 mentions the same number of days (1,260) but refers to them as “a time and times and half a time,” or three and a half “times.” Each of those “times,” then, must be 360 days (3-1/2 x 360 = 1,260). Furthermore, each day of the prophetic “times” of Daniel’s prophecy stands for a whole year, according to the rule, “A day for a year,” as recorded under inspiration by two separate prophets of God. (Numbers 14:34; Ezekiel 4:6) With this established, it is not difficult to determine that “seven times” (7 x 360) is 2,520 years. Counting from autumn of 607 B.C.E., when the typical kingdom of God in Judah was brought low by Babylon, 2,520 years bring us to the autumn of 1914 C.E. (606-1/4 + 1913-3/4 = 2,520) as the time when “the kingdom of the world” was due to be entrusted to Jesus Christ on his heavenly throne. 11. What do historians say as to the significance of the year 1914? 11 After realizing that the Bible did indeed point to the year 1914 C.E., Jehovah’s witnesses had to wait for several decades before they saw the outcome. Early in the year 1914 the peacefulness of the world situation made it appear to many persons, including world leaders, that nothing was going to happen. But before the summer was over, the world had been plunged into a war that was without precedent in all human history. Concerning the events of that year, Oxford historian A. L. Rowse has written: “If ever there was a year that marked the end of an era and the beginning of another, it was 1914. That year brought to an end the old world with sense of security and began the modern age, characteristic of which is the insecurity that is our daily portion.”23 And a report on a book on the life of British statesman Winston Churchill likewise notes: “The shot which was fired on June 28, 1914, in Sarajevo, had shattered the world of security and creative reason . . . The world has never been the same place since. . . . It was a turning point, and the wonderful, calm, attractive world of yesterday had vanished, never again to appear.”—Review of the book Winston S. Churchill, Vol. 2, by Randolph Churchill.24 That year, marked by Bible prophecy about two and a half millenniums earlier, indeed proved to be a turning point in history. Its true significance became even more clear as further events began to unfold. 12. What was the reason for the great upheaval in human affairs in 1914 and thereafter? 12 It may at first seem strange that the time when Christ was to take his throne to rule over the world of mankind would be marked by unprecedented war on earth. But do not forget that “the ruler of the world” of mankind alienated from God is Satan the Devil. (John 14:30) He did not want to see the newborn kingdom of God in the hands of Christ take over the control of earth’s affairs. Evidently in an endeavor to divert the attention of men from that event of universal importance, he maneuvered them into a war to uphold their own claims to sovereignty. Furthermore, as the Bible shows, when the Kingdom was brought to birth and became fully operative, Satan and his demons were ready to devour the newborn government. What was the result? “War broke out in heaven.” “Down the great dragon was hurled, the original serpent, the one called Devil and Satan, who is misleading the entire inhabited earth; he was hurled down to the earth, and his angels were hurled down with him.” Satan knew that he had remaining only “a short period of time.” His anger was great. (Revelation 12:3-12) What would be the result? Nineteen centuries in advance the Bible provided an accurate description. EVENTS WITH SPECIAL SIGNIFICANCE 13. What led up to Jesus’ stating the ‘sign of his presence and of the conclusion of the system of things’? 13 Back in the year 33 C.E. Jesus had described in detail ‘the sign of his presence and of the conclusion of the system of things.’ This is recorded in the Bible in Matthew chapters 24 and 25, Mark 13 and Luke 21. While with a group of his disciples in Jerusalem, Jesus.had foretold the destruction of the magnificent temple standing there. Shortly thereafter, when he sat down on a hillside outside the city, his disciples asked for further information, saying: “Tell us, When will these things be, and what will be the sign of your presence and of the conclusion of the system of things?”—Matthew 24:1-3. 14. Name some of the significant events that Jesus included in “the sign.” 14 After warning them not to be misled by impostors who, in an endeavor to get followers, would claim to be Christ, he said in answer: “You are going to hear of wars and reports of wars; see that you are not terrified. For these things must take place, but the end is not yet [or, does not occur immediately]. For nation will rise against nation and kingdom against kingdom, and there will be food shortages and earthquakes in one place after another. All these things are a beginning of pangs of distress.” As Luke 21:11 shows, he also made mention of ‘pestilences in one place after another.’ He warned of “the increasing of lawlessness,” and because of this, he said, “the love of the greater number will cool off.” And, significantly, he foretold: “This good news of the kingdom will be preached in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations; and then the end will come.”—Matthew 24:4-14. 15, 16. (a) Did any of those things happen before Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 C.E.? (b) How do we know that there must also be another, even more important, fulfillment? 15 But the question may be asked: ‘Were not some of these prophecies fulfilled before the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans in the year 70 C.E.?’ Yes, some of them were; but more was to come, as the prophecies themselves show. Jesus was answering a question that was of immediate concern to his disciples, but, in so doing, he used the opportunity to provide long-range information about matters of even greater importance. He told them that he was also speaking about the time when “the Son of man” would come “with power and great glory” and that what he was saying had reference to the coming of “the kingdom of God.”—Luke 21:27, 31. 16 These things did not take place by the time of Jerusalem’s destruction in 70 C.E. The last book of the Bible, the Revelation, written shortly before the end of the first century, showed that these events in relation to the Kingdom were yet future. (Revelation 1:1; 11:15-18; 12:3-12) In symbolic language the book of Revelation also showed that the war, food shortage, and pestilence that Jesus had foretold would have a future fulfillment, on an unusual scale, at the time when Christ would begin and complete his conquest of all opposers of God’s kingdom. (Revelation 6:1-8) But the fact that major portions of Jesus’ prophecy to his disciples did have a fulfillment in the first century stamped it as truthful, and this gives sound reason for confidence in the fulfillment of everything else contained in that prophecy. 17. Are the conditions in the world today really very different from what they were before 1914? 17 Have these prophecies found that greater, complete fulfillment in this twentieth century? To uninformed persons who are less than seventy years of age, conditions that surround them in the world today may not seem particularly significant. Not remembering a time when life was much different, they may feel that perhaps our times are quite ‘normal.’ But older persons, as also those who are informed on matters of history, know that this is not the case. Thus, concerning the events that broke upon the world in the year 1914 C.E. a history textbook used in Swiss schools stated: “Only fifteen countries did not get involved in the war . . . But among them there was no great country that would have had the power to act as mediator. This had never occurred in world history; no war had ever had such dimensions. The prophecy of the Holy Bible: ‘Nation will rise up against nation and kingdom against kingdom,’ was literally fulfilled.”—Schweizergeschichte vom Dreiländerbund bis zum Völkerbund, by Gustav Wiget.25 18. Why would we be wrong if we were to conclude that widespread war was all there was to “the sign”? 18 But it was not just ‘nation rising against nation and kingdom against kingdom’ that Jesus had stated to be “the sign.” Using an illustration, he said: “Note the fig tree and all the other trees: When they are already in the bud, by observing it you know for yourselves that now the summer is near. In this way you also, when you see these things occurring, know that the kingdom of God is near. Truly I say to you, This generation will by no means pass away until all things occur.” (Luke 21:29-32) If you were to see just one tree putting forth leaves out of season, you would not be fooled into thinking that summer was at hand. But when you see all the trees budding, you know what it means. Likewise, Jesus foretold that his “presence” and “the conclusion of the system of things” would be marked, not just by war, but by a number of things all taking place in one generation. 19. (a) As shown on the accompanying chart, how have the various features of “the sign” been fulfilled since 1914? (b) Why do earlier wars, food shortages, earthquakes, and so forth, not constitute “the sign” of which Jesus spoke? 19 Have those things come to pass? Examine the accompanying chart that bears the heading “What Will Be the Sign?” As you do so, you may recall reading about wars of earlier centuries. But it is evident that World War I stands out from all the others as distinctive, as a turning point in history. You may recall, also, that notable food shortages, pestilences, earthquakes or times of lawlessness have been reported by historians as taking place before 1914. Yet, at no other time in history have all these things come on one generation in such overwhelming measure. The other features of “the sign” as recorded by the Gospel writers are also clearly in evidence. In all honesty, if the events since 1914 do not fulfill the sign, what more is required? Without a doubt, we live in the generation of which Jesus spoke. 20, 21. How did the events associated with World War I prove to be only “a beginning of pangs of distress,” as Jesus foretold? 20 The appearance of these features of “the sign” did not mean that God’s kingdom would immediately clean all wickedness out of the earth. As Jesus foretold, “all these things are a beginning of pangs of distress.” (Matthew 24:8) Others were to follow. In regard to what developed, the World Book Encyclopedia states: “World War I and its aftermath led to the greatest economic depression in history during the early 1930’s. The consequences of the war and the problems of adjustment to peace led to unrest in almost every nation.”26 A few years later World War II erupted, many times more horrible than the first. Since then, disregard for life and property has grown, and fear of crime has become part of everyday life. Morals have been shoved aside. The “population explosion” is posing problems to which leaders say they have no real solution. Pollution of the environment is spoiling the quality of life and threatening to wipe it out. As a result, a report on a United Nations Conference on the Human Environment declared that the human family stands at the threshold of “a crisis more sudden, more global, more inescapable, and more bewildering than any ever encountered by the human species.”27 21 When was it that these “pangs of distress” began? The London Star observed: “Some historian in the next century may well conclude that the day the world went mad was . . . [in] 1914.”28 As we have already seen, that year, 1914 C.E., had long in advance been marked by Bible prophecy. NOTEWORTHY RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENTS 22. (a) With what did Jesus associate his forecast of increased lawlessness and the cooling off of love? (b) How have the teachings of the clergy of Christendom contributed to this situation? 22 Among the significant events that Jesus listed as due to occur during the “conclusion of the system of things” were the following: “Many false prophets will arise and mislead many; and because of the increasing of lawlessness the love of the greater number will cool off.” (Matthew 24:11, 12) It should be noted that Jesus associated the increased lawlessness and the cooling off of love with the influence of false prophets, that is, religious teachers who falsely claim to speak for God. Earlier in this book evidence was presented showing that the clergy of Christendom have blessed the wars of the nations, advocated the idea that Bible standards of morality are out-of-date and labeled portions of the Bible as “myth.” What has been the result? A ‘cooling off’ in love for God and concern about his law. This has been a major factor in the general breakdown in morality, including disregard for authority and the lack of concern for one’s fellowman.—2 Timothy 3:1-5. 23, 24. As a result, what has been happening to the churches in recent years? 23 Because of the conditions that have developed, people by the thousands are leaving the religious organizations of Christendom. Some are turning to the Bible and are conforming their lives to its ways. Others are merely withdrawing in disappointment and disgust, seeing that the churches are failing to provide genuine spiritual help. Many are becoming enemies of the churches. 24 That is why the New York Post could say: “The area in which the old order seems to be reeling past us with the speed of light is religion.”29 And the New York Times reported: “Institutional religion is on the way out, a German expert on sociology of religion said.”30 The Vatican weekly L’Osservatore Della Domenica admitted that the Roman Catholic Church in the United States was being shaken by a “tremendous earthquake.”31 It said that nearly every day “some new disaster” was befalling the church, such as priests deserting, nuns quitting and Catholic schools and seminaries closing. In all the religions of Christendom, fewer young men are entering the seminaries, religious schools are closing their doors, and a great number of religious magazines have ceased publication. The churches in general are finding their attendances growing smaller. Many church buildings are up for sale. 25. (a) In contrast, what does the Bible indicate would be taking place in regard to true worship in this time? (b) Under whose direction is this gathering of worshipers of the true God done, and on what basis? (c) So, with what issue are people of all nations being confronted? 25 By contrast with this, the Bible indicates that a “great crowd” out of all nations would be drawn to true worship in this time of the end. (Revelation 7:9, 10, 14) This gathering together of worshipers of the true God is done under the direction of Christ Jesus. He foretold that, when he returned “in his glory,” he would give attention to people of all the nations, separating them one from another with a view to their preservation through the “great tribulation” or their eternal destruction. (Matthew 25:31-33) On what basis are they separated? Jesus said that it would be on the basis of how they treated his spiritual “brothers” here on earth. Why? Because these are representatives of God’s kingdom in the hands of Jesus Christ. In obedience to him, the message they preach is “this good news of the kingdom.” And they are doing so “in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations.” (Matthew 24:14) This news of the Kingdom confronts the people of all nations with the issue of universal sovereignty. Are they for rulership by God? Or, in harmony with Satan’s urging in Eden, do they want independent rulership by men? Jehovah God through his Son gives people the opportunity to choose. 26, 27. (a) To what extent has this witness work already been done? (b) Why is one’s response to the Kingdom message a serious matter? 26 A worldwide witness has been given. In 208 lands Jehovah’s Christian witnesses visit people in their homes and offer to study the Bible with any family or individual, free of charge. The publications they use to announce God’s kingdom are among the most widely circulated in the earth, available in over 160 languages. 27 Already this separating work has been proceeding for many years. It is now very near its conclusion. According to God’s Word, those who have deliberately rejected his Kingdom rule, as well as those who indifferently pass up the opportunity to learn of him, will then be cut off in everlasting destruction. (Matthew 25:34, 41, 46; 2 Thessalonians 1:6-9) For others who willingly and gladly identify themselves as genuine supporters of God’s kingdom, this will mark a time of grand relief. How soon, then, does the Bible indicate that this expression of judgment will come? “THIS GENERATION WILL BY NO MEANS PASS AWAY” 28. How soon did Jesus say the foretold world destruction would come? 28 As to “that day and hour,” Jesus said, “nobody knows, neither the angels of the heavens nor the Son, but only the Father.” (Matthew 24:36) But Jesus did give a helpful time indicator when he said: “This generation will by no means pass away until all these things occur.” (Matthew 24:34) All what things? All the various features of “the sign” about which he was speaking, as well as the “great tribulation,” which he had also mentioned. For these things to take place within a generation would mean that persons who were on hand to observe what happened in 1914 C.E. at the beginning of the “conclusion of the system of things,” would still have to be alive at the end of this period, when the “great tribulation” strikes. Those who remember the events of 1914 are getting up in years now. Many of their number have already died. But, Jesus assures us, within “this generation,” before they have all died, destruction of this wicked system of things will come. 29. By allowing events since 1914 to develop to the point that they have, how has God made it easier for humans to make the right decision? 29 How patient God has been in allowing this time period! During this generation, for the first time in history, one problem after another has reached gigantic proportions—war, pollution, overpopulation and more. Any one of them could bring complete ruin. By letting the evidence pile up, God has made it easier for humans to realize that rule by man holds no real solution. At the same time, by means of the preaching of the “good news of the kingdom,” he has helped honest-hearted ones to recognize that the kingdom of God is the only hope for true peace and security and to identify themselves on his side of the great issue. 30. What final signal of the closeness of world destruction does the Bible specify? 30 There is yet one more definite event to come that serves as an unmistakable signal that world destruction is imminent. This signal was pointed to by the apostle Paul when he wrote: “Jehovah’s day is coming exactly as a thief in the night. Whenever it is that they are saying: ‘Peace and security!’ then sudden destruction is to be instantly upon them . . . and they will by no means escape.”—1 Thessalonians 5:2, 3; Luke 21:34, 35. 31, 32. (a) Will the “peace and security” that political rulers proclaim be genuine? (b) Why would it be dangerous to be misled by it? 31 The political leaders of the world know that, if they were to get involved in nuclear war, no one could win. It would result in virtual extinction. Furthermore, the grave problems involving pollution of the environment, the “population explosion” and other domestic problems demand attention and money. So, they have worked hard to try to achieve a relaxation of the strained international relations. Of course, their negotiations are not making any real changes in the people so that they love one another. They are not putting a stop to crime, or eliminating disease and death. Yet the prophecy shows that the time will come when they will declare that “peace and security” at last exist. When that occurs, then “sudden destruction” will come “instantly” upon those misleaders of mankind, along with all who put their trust in them. 32 But there will be survivors. Will you be among them? [Box on pages 82, 83] “What Will Be the Sign?” “NATION WILL RISE AGAINST NATION”— “World War I ushered in the century of Total War, of—in the first full sense of the term—global war. . . . Never before 1914-1918 had a war . . . covered so large a part of the earth. . . . Never had the slaughter been so comprehensive and indiscriminate.”—“World War I,” by H. Baldwin. World War I killed over 9 million combatants, and millions more of civilians. World War II left 55 million dead. Within about two decades after World War II, there were more than 300 further coups, uprisings, rebellions world wide. “THERE WILL BE FOOD SHORTAGES”— Food shortages ravaged many lands after World War I, and again after World War II. Despite years of unprecedented scientific advance, in 1967, it was reported, 10,000 were dying every day, 3,500,000 every year due to malnutrition. “In the 1970’s the world will undergo famines—hundreds of millions of people are going to starve to death in spite of any crash programs embarked upon now.”—“The Population Bomb,” by Dr. Paul Ehrlich. “PESTILENCES”— No recorded pestilence has ever equaled that of the Spanish influenza of 1918-1919. It struck at least 500 million persons; over 20 million died. Today, medical research has not been able to prevent heart disease from reaching epidemic proportions; cancer is common. The number of cases of venereal disease has skyrocketed. “EARTHQUAKES” IN MANY PLACES— In 1915 at Avezzano, Italy, 29,970 died in an earthquake; 180,000 in China in 1920; 143,000 in Japan in 1923; 60,000 in India in 1935. The 1960’s saw great quakes in Iran, Chile, Morocco, Yugoslavia, Libya, El Salvador, Russia, Colombia, France, Indonesia and Turkey, among others. In 1970 an earthquake killed 70,000 in Peru, and over 12,000 died in Nicaragua in 1972. “INCREASING OF LAWLESSNESS”— You know the facts. Your own life has been affected. In your community, what has been happening in the schools? Is there illegal use of drugs in your area? What about dishonesty in business? How safe do you feel on the streets at night? So widespread is the “crime crisis” that, in 1972, the Secretary-General of the United Nations called for international action. The lawlessness is not only as regards human law, but even more so is the law of God ignored. GOD’S KINGDOM PREACHED WORLD WIDE— This work is regularly being done in 208 lands. During just the past thirty years, 3,676,343,869 hours have been devoted by Jehovah’s Christian witnesses to public preaching of this message. In that same period they published, in over 160 languages, more than 5 billion pieces of literature pointing to God’s kingdom as man’s only hope. Of what are these things “the sign”? That we are living now in “the conclusion of the system of things.” That Christ has taken his heavenly throne, and is separating out from people of all nations those who truly do the will of God. That the “great tribulation” is very near! (For further details, read Matthew chapters 24, 25, Mark 13 and Luke 21.)
See the Name in the Valley	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2011042	See the Name in the Valley ST. MORITZ. Does that name sound familiar? It may, because it is a world famous holiday resort in Switzerland’s Engadine Valley. But St. Moritz is just one spot that has long drawn people to this picturesque valley situated among the snowcapped Alps in the southeast corner of Switzerland near the Italian border. It is also home to the Swiss National Park, where the area’s natural beauty and rich variety of flora and fauna praise our Grand Creator, Jehovah. (Ps. 148:7-10) But so do the remnants of a tradition that dates back to the mid-17th century. An unusual detail on many houses in this valley might catch your eye. It is not rare to find God’s name inscribed on the house front, such as over the main door. In centuries gone by, it was traditional to decorate the exterior of houses with inscriptions, either painted on the surface, scratched in the plaster, or carved in stone. Here you see a picture of a house in the village of Bever. The translation of the inscription is: “In the year 1715. Jehovah is the beginning, and Jehovah is the end. All things with God, and nothing without him.” Yes, the old sign twice incorporates God’s personal name. You can see an even older inscription in the village of Madulain. This sign says: “Psalm 127. Unless Jehovah builds the house, it is in vain that its builders have worked hard on it. Lucius Rumedius. In the year 1654.” Why are there such public displays of the divine name in this valley? Back in the era of the Reformation, the Bible was published in Romansh, a Latin-based language spoken in Engadine. In fact, it was the first book translated into that language. Moved by what they read in God’s Word, many local people inscribed on the exterior of their homes not only their own names but also quotations from the Bible that included God’s personal name. Yes, down to this day, these inscriptions are still announcing Jehovah’s name and praising him, centuries after they were first written on the houses. Visitors and residents alike in this valley are welcome to learn more about the wonderful God, Jehovah, by visiting another building that bears his name—the Kingdom Hall of Jehovah’s Witnesses in Bever. [Picture Credit Line on page 7] © Stähli Rolf A/age fotostock
What Do You Know About Prayer?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101974001	What Do You Know About Prayer? PRACTICALLY everyone prays, though some persons do not do so very often. Many times prayer is reserved as a last resort—for use after all else has failed. For example, during World War II it was said, “There are no atheists on life rafts.” When the airplane was down in the sea, the radio was dead, land was a thousand miles away, provisions were almost gone, and no help was in sight—when all other sources of aid had been exhausted—then men raised their eyes and prayed. But is that what prayer is all about? Is prayer a last resort, to be dug up from the back of the mind after all else has failed? That is not what Biblical prayer is all about. The Bible presents prayer as the means by which we should frequently speak to God—not just when in desperate straits. It is a way to ask his blessings, and also to give our thanks for provisions he has made—both spiritual and material. Prayer is based on the conviction that God exists, hears and answers. In the Bible he is called the “Hearer of prayer.” (Ps. 65:2) The Bible shows that God is approachable by man. We should expect God to listen to proper prayers, for he himself tells his people to pray, and his Word gives many examples of acceptable prayers. (2 Chron. 7:12-16) It tells us that Jesus, by both word and example, showed the necessity of praying.a If the Son of God recognized such need to pray, how much more do we need to do so. The act of praying to God implies a closeness to him. A leading Bible dictionary points out concerning early Bible times: “The devout Israelite of that day believed deeply in God, and was perhaps more closely conscious of Him” than are many persons today.—A Dictionary of the Bible, James Hastings, Volume IV, page 41. The faithful Israelites knew that Jehovah really exists, and acted in their behalf. The psalmist, confident of Jehovah’s direction and help, sang: “Make me know your own ways, O Jehovah; teach me your own paths. Make me walk in your truth and teach me, for you are my God of salvation. In you I have hoped all day long.” “God is for us a refuge and strength, a help that is readily to be found during distresses.” (Ps. 25:4, 5; 46:1) The Christian apostle Paul said: “In fact, [Jehovah] is not far off from each one of us.”—Acts 17:27. What Prayers Are Answered? That proper prayer is answered is an accepted Bible truth. However, the Bible is equally as emphatic that not all prayers are answered. Many persons pray for wrong reasons—to win a prize at a raffle or in a contest, to get a big business order, or to win a bet or a sports contest. Is it any wonder that such prayers are not answered? The disciple James reminded: “You do ask, and yet you do not receive, because you are asking for a wrong purpose, that you may expend it upon your cravings for sensual pleasure.”—Jas. 4:3. Practicers of non-Biblical religions often consider their worship to be a sort of “magic” that gets their god to do whatever the worshiper wants. But the Creator is not like the fabled jinn of Aladdin’s lamp, waiting to do man’s bidding. It is true, of course, that Jesus told his followers: “If you ask the Father for anything he will give it to you in my name.” (John 16:23) However, Jesus was speaking to his followers. The things for which they would ask were limited by what they had learned from him, and by their knowledge of God’s purposes. “Anything” clearly did not include things they knew, or had reason to believe, were not pleasing to God, or things that were not in harmony with his will. If our requests are to be granted, they must please God. We must not request unrighteous things, or those contrary to God’s revealed will. The apostle John stated: “This is the confidence that we have toward him, that, no matter what it is that we ask according to his will, he hears us.”—1 John 5:14. But, on occasion, even prayers by God’s servants are not answered. Moses’ prayer to enter the land of Canaan was not. King David’s prayer in behalf of Bath-sheba’s child went unheeded. The apostle Paul’s prayer to be delivered from his “thorn in the flesh” went unanswered. To be heard, prayers must be in harmony with God’s purposes! So, then, even failure to understand God’s purpose in a matter can result in an unanswered prayer.—Deut. 3:23-27; 2 Sam. 12:16, 22; 2 Cor. 12:7-9. To be acceptable to God, prayers must be through the channel he recognizes. Jesus said: “No one comes to the Father except through me.” Jesus also said prayers should be presented ‘in his name.’ (John 14:6; 16:23) Thus, our prayers should acknowledge that the value of the sacrifice of Jesus’ own human life makes it possible for us to approach God in prayer, and that there is just “one mediator between God and men, a man, Christ Jesus.”—1 Tim. 2:5. Other Requirements Also, for our prayers to be answered, we must be obedient to God. The book of Proverbs reminds: “He that is turning his ear away from hearing the law—even his prayer is something detestable.” When the people had been disobedient to God, the prophet Jeremiah wrote: “When I call for aid and cry for help, he actually hampers my prayer.”—Prov. 28:9; Lam. 3:8. One reason for Jehovah to withdraw his favor was stated to ancient Israel. It also applies to Christendom today. God said: “For the reason that this people have come near with their mouth, and they have glorified me merely with their lips, and they have removed their heart itself far away from me, and their fear toward me becomes men’s commandment that is being taught.”—Isa. 29:13. Today Christendom’s churches come near God with their mouths, and glorify him with their lips, but their hearts do not motivate them really to conform to his ways. For example, they push aside the Bible’s high moral standards, and accept with approval persons who practice fornication, adultery and homosexual acts—all forbidden in the Scriptures. (See Leviticus 18:22; 1 Corinthians 6:9, 10.) Further, they teach ‘men’s commandments’ as doctrines. Among these are their teachings about the immortality of the soul, and torment in hellfire, as well as other pagan doctrines they have adopted from non-Biblical human sources.b In view of Jehovah’s words through Isaiah, only persons who return to Jehovah’s ways and his teachings, thus drawing their hearts toward him, can expect their prayers to be heard favorably. The apostle John wrote: “Whatever we ask we receive from him, because we are observing his commandments and are doing the things that are pleasing in his eyes.”—1 John 3:22. What Position to Assume No special position while praying is more “holy” than another. The Bible tells of people standing to pray, raising their hands toward heaven, kneeling, and even prostrating themselves, face down to the earth, as subjects prostrated themselves before a king. Some positions show humility, but the many different circumstances in which prayers were offered in Bible times show that no specific position, either of the hands or the body, is required.—Mark 11:25; 1 Ki. 8:22; Luke 22:41; Neh. 8:6. While the position of our body is not important, our mental attitude is. Earnestness of heart is a requirement if our prayers are to be favorably heard by God. “Come back to me with all your hearts,” Jehovah said. (Joel 2:12, 13) Before him we have no claim of merit, no ground for self-congratulation, no right to demand. His kindness is not something we deserve. Jesus approved the humble tax collector who said simply: “O God, be gracious to me a sinner.”—Luke 18:9-14. Where and When Can You Pray? Examples related in the Bible show that prayer may be offered from any place, at any time. The Hebrews understood that “Jehovah is near to all those calling upon him, to all those who call upon him in trueness.”—Ps. 145:18. Abraham’s servant prayed when he happened to be by a well in Mesopotamia. Daniel prayed in his room. The apostle Peter prayed alone, on the flat roof of a Middle Eastern house. Jesus prayed publicly, privately, in the quiet of the garden of Gethsemane, and on a mountain.—Gen. 24:10-14, 26, 27; Dan. 6:10, 11; Acts 10:9; Matt. 26:36; Mark 6:46. A silent prayer can be offered in the presence of others, though unknown to them. Abraham’s servant prayed silently, “speaking in [his] heart.” Hannah prayed “speaking in her heart,” so “her voice was not heard.” Thus, God can hear our silent prayers.—Gen. 24:45; 1 Sam. 1:13. These examples show that a close communion with the Creator is possible. There is no need of an appointment to approach God in prayer. No schedule needs to be adhered to. We can pray at any time. David kept calling to Jehovah “all day long.” The apostle Paul encouraged: “Be persevering in prayer”; “pray incessantly.”—Ps. 86:3; Col. 4:2; 1 Thess. 5:17. Develop a warm appreciation of the privilege of prayer. Sense the spiritual strength it provides. The privilege of prayer should never be taken lightly. It is not to be reserved as a last resort, to be employed only when all else has failed. Instead, prayer should be a part of your daily life. Private prayer, family prayer and congregational prayer will strengthen you in these troubled times. Speaking to God through prayer brings his peace, promotes the flow of his holy spirit, and helps us to be confident of his blessings for an eternal future of life in his righteous new order. [Footnotes] a For examples, see the following Biblical passages: Mark 1:35; 14:35, 36; Luke 6:12; 11:1; 23:46; John 17:1-26. b For the Bible’s teaching on whether the soul dies, and whether man is conscious to suffer after death or not, see Ezekiel 18:4, 20 and Ecclesiastes 9:5, 10. These and many other points on which modern religious doctrine and the inspired Bible disagree are discussed in the book The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life.
Page Two	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101983000	Page Two The nuclear freeze movement has involved a greater number of people from a wider variety of backgrounds in more countries than has any other issue of this century. Why has it grasped the attention of so many? What does it hope to accomplish? The following series of articles will provide important information on these questions The Nuclear Freeze—Can It Bring Peace and Security? 3 —Who Support It? 5 Global Fear—An Evidence of What? 8 True Peace and Security—By Nuclear Freeze or by God’s Kingdom? 11 Disarmament or Delusion? 13
Return to Jehovah (rj) 2015	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/return-to-jehovah-rj	Table of outputs PART 1 WHY RETURN TO JEHOVAH? Jehovah’s people in Bible times faced challenges similar to our own. Jehovah reached out to them and helped them, and according to his promise, he will do the same for us today. As an attentive and loving Shepherd, Jehovah searches for his lost sheep and invites them to return to him. Part 1 “The Lost One I Will Search For” PARTS 2-4 WHAT ARE SOME CHALLENGES OF RETURNING? Even loyal worshippers of God sometimes experienced anxiety, hurt feelings, and guilt, which affected their activity. Examine how Jehovah helped them to recover, to associate again with his people, and to regain their joy. Part 2 Anxiety—“Hard-Pressed in Every Way” Part 3 Hurt Feelings—When We Have “Cause for Complaint” Part 4 Guilt—“Cleanse Me From My Sin” PART 5 HOW TO RETURN TO JEHOVAH Consider proof that Jehovah wants you to return to him. Learn how several Christians returned to Jehovah, how the congregation received them, and how the elders helped them to resume their zealous activity. Part 5 Return to “the Shepherd and Overseer of Your Souls”
Introduction	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2017004	Introduction WHAT DO YOU THINK? Is the Bible outdated in our modern age? Or does it still have value? The Bible itself says: “All Scripture is inspired of God and beneficial.”—2 Timothy 3:16, 17. This issue of The Watchtower highlights examples of the Bible’s practical wisdom and offers suggestions on how to get the most out of your Bible reading.
“Sing Out Joyfully” (sjj) 2024	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/sjj
“Kingdom Come” (kc) 1981	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/kc	Chapter 13 The Kingdom Horseman Rides 1, 2. (a) On whom do we now focus attention, and what does he hold in his right hand? (b) Why was John told to stop weeping? (c) Who is the “Lion” of Judah, and why is he worthy to open the seals? LET us turn to the fifth chapter of Revelation. Here we read of an inspired vision, given to the apostle John, that is directly related to the ‘coming’ of God’s kingdom. It focuses on the Sovereign Lord Jehovah, “the One seated upon the throne.” In his right hand he holds a scroll of writings, “sealed tight with seven seals.” But the apostle John gives way to a great deal of weeping. Why? Because, in all the universe, no one could be found that was worthy to unseal the scroll and make known its message. But, look! There is someone worthy! He is none other than “the Lion that is of the tribe of Judah,” the heir to David’s kingdom.—Revelation 5:1-5. 2 He is worthy because he “has conquered.” As a perfect man on earth, he showed unwavering loyalty to his Father, even to a cruel death on a torture stake. “The ruler of the world,” Satan, could not break his integrity. Jesus could say: “I have conquered the world.”—John 14:30; 16:33. 3. Why should we rejoice over the fulfillment of Revelation 5:9, 10? 3 There are others, also, who have conquered the world, and this courageous “Lion,” Christ Jesus, counts them as his spiritual “brothers.” (Matthew 25:40) By a heavenly resurrection, these are to join him in his 1,000-year Kingdom reign, and share with him in administering the benefits of his ransom sacrifice to the billions of mankind on earth. So voices in heaven are singing a new song. They are saying to this One, who was once led as an innocent lamb to the slaughter: “You are worthy to take the scroll and open its seals, because you were slaughtered and with your blood you bought persons for God out of every tribe and tongue and people and nation, and you made them to be a kingdom and priests to our God, and they are to rule as kings over the earth.” (Revelation 5:9, 10) What a blessing, that the King and his tried and proved associate kings are about to act on behalf of oppressed humankind! But in this connection, there must first be warfare. THE RIDER OF THE WHITE HORSE 4. (a) What are symbolized by the “white horse,” by the rider’s “bow,” and by his receiving a “crown”? (b) Who is this rider, and when did he receive kingly authority? 4 As the “Lamb” takes the scroll and opens the first seal, a voice thunders from heaven: “Come!” And what do we see? “Look! a white horse”—in symbol of righteous warfare. Its rider has a “bow.” He can destroy his enemies from afar—covering much greater distances than mere man-made intercontinental ballistic missiles. A “crown” is given him, and this points to the modern year of 1914, when Jehovah gives him kingly authority over the nations. So much more powerful than puny human lords or kings, this “Lord of lords and King of kings” is to triumph over all enemies of righteousness, along with the “called and chosen and faithful” anointed Christians who are united with him in his heavenly kingdom.—Revelation 6:1, 2; 17:14. 5. (a) What initial conquest did this rider make? (b) What has been the result to mankind, but why should we heed the warning of Mark 13:32-37? 5 This rider on the “white horse” is a mighty conqueror. What, then, could be more appropriate, as he starts his ride, than that he oust “the original serpent” Satan and his demon angels from heaven? Down to this earth he hurls them! It is no wonder that the Devil now has great anger. As we have already noted, he vents this anger on mankind, making “woe for the earth and for the sea.” The Devil knows that he has only “a short period of time,” but he is very subtle. He would like to influence us into thinking that the “last days” stretch away into the far distant future. Let none of us be lulled to sleep by such thinking!—Revelation 12:9-12; Mark 13:32-37. A FIERY-COLORED HORSE 6. (a) According to Revelation 6:3, 4, what now bursts upon the scene? (b) How was World War I different from all preceding wars? 6 The “Lamb” opens the second seal. Out dashes “a fiery-colored horse”! “To the one seated upon it there was granted to take peace away from the earth so that they should slaughter one another; and a great sword was given him.” (Revelation 6:4) Ah, the first world war of human history bursts upon the scene. Peace is taken away, not merely from a few nations, but from “the earth,” as huge armies and navies grapple with one another, using frightful weapons of mass extermination. Whereas previous wars have been fought by professional armies, usually of just a few countries, World War I is total warfare. For the first time in history, the entire resources of many nations, including conscripted manpower, are thrown into the battle. 7-9. With regard to “slaughter,” what statistics and statements show that 1914 marked the beginning of the most murderous period of all history? 7 The prophecy mentions “slaughter,” and “slaughter” it was! In the battle of the Somme, a new and murderous invention, the machine gun, mowed down British and French troops by the hundreds of thousands, accounting, by some estimates, for 80 percent of all casualties. In nine months at Verdun, more men died than marched with Napoleon’s army into Russia. Painted with blood on a cemetery wall, a sign at Verdun read “FIVE KILOMETERS TO THE SLAUGHTERHOUSE.” In all, some 9,000,000 soldiers were slaughtered during the four years of that Great War. 8 Was 1914 the year when the rider of the “fiery-colored horse” took peace away from the earth? Many historians support that view. For example, almost 50 years afterward, the editor of the historical magazine American Heritage wrote: “In the summer of 1914 the nations were at peace and the future seemed serene. Then the guns spoke, and things would never again be the same. . . . The year 1914 was one of the most fateful years in human history . . . In that year there came one of those profound turning points that occur no more than once or twice in a millennium. Probably it will be a long time before we fully understand what 1914 got us into, but we can at least begin to see what it wrenched us out of.” Truly, the rider of the “fiery-colored horse” wrenched peace from the earth, and 1914 was the year. 9 The horseman has continued his murderous ride through a second world war, in which 16,000,000 soldiers died in battle. As we move on in the 1980’s, a Hungarian professor calculates that in three decades following the end of World War II, another 25,000,000 soldiers died in battle. He states that during the 33 years that followed the close of World War II, there were only 26 days in which there was no war somewhere in the world. 10. How has this horseman used “a great sword”? 10 The prophecy tells us that “a great sword” was given to this horseman. And, indeed, lethal weaponry has played a big part in the slaughter of the wars of this 20th century. In World War I, poison gas, automatic weapons, army tanks, airplanes and submarines made their first full-scale debut. In World War II, aerial warfare literally wiped out cities, most of the casualties being innocent women, children and old folk. In one night the city of Coventry, England, was devastated, and later an air attack by the Allies snuffed out 135,000 lives in Dresden, Germany. There followed the mass extermination by atomic bombs of at least 92,000 persons in Hiroshima and 40,000 in Nagasaki, Japan, again mostly civilians. What the “great sword” might accomplish today if nuclear warfare erupted beggars the imagination! “LOOK! A BLACK HORSE” 11, 12. (a) How has the rider of the “black horse” shown himself to be a companion to the second horseman? (b) What shows that his ride has continued until our day? 11 As the “Lamb” opens the third seal, “a black horse” charges forth. “And the one seated upon it had a pair of scales in his hand.” (Revelation 6:5) Ah, here is a companion rider to the horseman of total warfare! This is the horseman that brings famine. During both the world wars, famine conditions plagued many countries. Food rationing, as represented by the “pair of scales,” became the norm for the citizens of the warring nations. And in the wake of World War I came the greatest famine of all history. The Nation of June 7, 1919, reported that 32,000,000 people in India were “on the verge of starvation.” World’s Work of March 1921 stated that in northern China alone 15,000 people were dying every day from hunger. The New York Times publication Current History Magazine of October 1921 quoted a British report that in Russia “no fewer than 35,000,000 people are stalked by the grim spectre of famine and pestilence.” Similar famine conditions prevailed following World War II, when Look magazine of June 11, 1946, reported: “A fourth of the world is starving today.” 12 Even without total war, a crop failure in our modern world often brings news headlines such as this one in 1974: “India under the third horseman’s shadow.” In 1976: “An Ever-Hungrier World Faces Major Food Crisis.” And in 1979: “450 million people are starving.” As the world population multiplies, the food situation in underdeveloped and war-torn countries becomes ever more desperate. The Atlas World Press Review, in the New Scientist of May 1975, stated: “The world faces a double-headed specter. Famine is only one of its aspects: the other is chronic malnutrition. FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization] estimates that 61 out of 97 developing nations produced or imported substantially less food in 1970 than was necessary to feed their populations. On a conservative estimate, FAO reckons 460 million people suffer from malnutrition; a more liberal interpretation might put the figure at 1 billion.” Now, in the 1980’s, the situation is far worse. 13. What modern-day conditions and fears are foreshadowed at Revelation 6:6? 13 As the third horseman continues his ride, a voice from the heavens cries: “A quart of wheat for a denarius, and three quarts of barley for a denarius; and do not harm the olive oil and the wine.” (Revelation 6:6) With a denarius representing a day’s wage, a workman would indeed be incensed at this highly inflated price. And does not inflation continue to make inroads into the income of ordinary people today? But what of those items such as the “oil” and the “wine”? Greedy profiteers and other wealthy persons would like to protect their affluent way of life. But will they succeed? We shall see, as the “black horse” charges to and fro throughout the earth. ‘A PALE HORSE, WITH DEATH’ 14. How do the rider of the fourth horse and his companion aptly tie in with events since 1914? 14 The fourth seal is opened, and “a pale horse” joins the galloping steeds. The rider is Death. Closely following comes Hades—whether on another horse or not, the record does not say. But they have a gruesome commission: “Authority was given them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with a long sword and with food shortage and with deadly plague and by the wild beasts of the earth.” (Revelation 6:7, 8) Since that fateful year 1914, the presence of Death and Hades has indeed spread to the four corners of the earth. 15, 16. (a) What striking fulfillment did this prophecy have in 1918-1919? (b) What shows that this horse has been galloping continuously since 1914? 15 “Deadly plague”! They called it the 1918-1919 pandemic, or the Spanish flu. In a few weeks, its victims were double the number that had died on the battlefields of World War I—a staggering total of at least 21,000,000. In the United States the official figure for flu deaths was 548,452, more than 10 times the number of American soldiers killed in the war. For the most part its victims were the young and virile. In India, more than 12,000,000 died. It spared no continent or island—with the one exception of the island of St. Helena. Entire villages among the Eskimos and in Central Africa were wiped out. In Tahiti, funeral pyres were used to dispose of the bodies of 4,500 persons who died in just 15 days, and in Western Samoa 7,500 out of a population of 38,000 perished from the plague. 16 However, the Spanish flu has not been the only death-dealing disease brought forth by the rider of the “pale horse.” The New York Times reported that in 1915, in the battle for Gallipoli, dysentery killed more soldiers than did bullets. From 1914 to 1923 cholera killed 3,250,000 in India. In 1915 “from two and one-half to three million deaths” in Russia were attributed to typhus. And as the rider gallops on into more recent times, heart disease and cancer have become leading killers, syphilis “the No. 2 Killer Among Communicable Diseases” and hepatitis “a Worldwide Explosion of Disease.” RELIEF AT HAND! 17, 18. (a) What did one statesman say, indicating the instruction between the second, third and fourth horsemen? (b) But whom do the world’s leaders ignore? (c) Why can we be joyful about what the glorious King will do? 17 Now for more than 60 years, the “fiery-colored horse,” the “black horse” and the “pale horse” have been riding neck and neck, with Hades closely following. Indeed, Hades has reaped a bumper crop of casualties, running into the hundreds of millions. It is of interest that a former president of the United States, Herbert Hoover, instructioned together these three horsemen, saying in 1941: “The consequences of great wars are always famine and pestilence . . . The World War of twenty-five years ago brought hunger to 300,000,000 people. . . . After a year and a half of the present war [World War II] nearly 100,000,000 more people are short of food than after three years of the last war.” What disaster a third world war would mean for mankind! 18 The world’s leaders are fully aware of the havoc created by the riders of the “fiery-colored,” the “black” and the “pale” horses. However, they ignore the Rider of the “white horse.” The joyful day approaches for this glorious King to take action in reversing the order of things! Instead of war, he will bring in peace. In place of famine, he will provide plenty. In lieu of disease, he will restore mankind to perfect health, and even Hades will deliver up the dead. A parallel passage in the Psalms describes this rider on the “white horse” in these words: “Gird your sword upon your thigh, O mighty one, with your dignity and your splendor. And in your splendor go on to success; ride in the cause of truth and humility and righteousness, and your right hand will instruct you in fear-inspiring things.” (Psalm 45:3, 4) The Kingdom Horseman’s triumph draws near! 19. (a) In view of the fulfillment of Revelation 6:2-8, should we be perturbed? (b) What example is cited to encourage us to be strong in faith? 19 Let us not be unduly perturbed, therefore, by the worsening situation on earth today. Rather, may our viewpoint be similar to that of one of Jehovah’s Witnesses who, because of her beliefs, spent 20 of the years 1956 to 1978 in prison in a socialistic country. At one stage she was under sentence of death, and to this day she carries torture marks on her arms. How did she keep strong in faith? It was by meditating on the many Scripture passages that she remembered from her previous diligent study of the Bible. She says that one of these was Revelation 6:2. She was firmly convinced that the Rider of the “white horse,” the King Jesus Christ, had been enthroned in the heavens in 1914, and she was determined to endure until he should “complete his conquest.” May all others who pray for God’s kingdom to “come” remain faithful until the King is completely victorious! [Box on page 123] THE BLACK HORSE CONTINUES ITS GALLOP “The World Bank estimates 780 million people around the world are living in absolute poverty, a condition that is ‘beneath any reasonable definition of human decency.’”—Detroit “Free Press,” September 1, 1980
Sing Praises (ssb) 1984	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb	Song 155 “Welcome One Another”! (Romans 15:7) 1. O welcome one another as Christ Jesus welcomed you! Since Christ died for your brother, surely he is welcome too. So let those who are strong, mature, support those who are weak, Help them to make their hope secure as righteousness they seek. For things aforetime written by God’s prophets long ago Can through our firm endurance cause our comfort, hope to grow. Then let us always try to please not just ourselves alone But view our brother’s interests as though they were our own. 2. Jehovah God is gath’ring men who will learn war no more. The time has come for his dear Son peace earth wide to restore. From ev’ry nation, tribe, and tongue, all sorts of men he draws, And in their hearts and minds, he plants delight to keep his laws. With glory to our God in view, a welcome we extend To all, without distinction, and all sorts of men befriend. To copy God’s largeheartedness it is our priv’lege grand. As imitators of his Son, we should our hearts expand. 3. So let us urge all peoples that they too laud Jah our King, Rejoicing with his nation and, as one, his praises sing. To that end we must e’er proclaim, in homes and on the street, The good news of Jehovah’s fame to all whom we may meet. This honor thus to sing God’s praise will never come again. These truly are the final days for all unrighteous men. So let us love our brothers, always letting God be true; Yes, welcome one another, as God’s Word tells us to do.
KEEP ON THE WATCH! Soaring Worldwide Inflation—What Does the Bible Say?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/501100046	KEEP ON THE WATCH! Soaring Worldwide Inflation—What Does the Bible Say? “The world economy is again in danger,” warns the president of the World Bank Group in a June 2022 report. “This time it is facing high inflation and slow growth at the same time.” “Fuel and food prices have increased rapidly, hitting vulnerable populations in low-income countries hardest,” notes the International Monetary Fund. The Bible helps us to understand why we are facing such challenging economic problems, how we can cope with them, and what hope there is for a permanent solution. Rising prices during “the last days” The Bible calls the time that we are living in “the last days.”—2 Timothy 3:1. Jesus said that “fearful sights,” or frightening events, would mark this time period. (Luke 21:11) Soaring inflation causes fear. People worry about their future and whether they will be able to provide for their family. The book of Revelation foretold rising food prices during this period of time. “I heard something that sounded like a voice. . . . It said, ‘A quart of wheat or three quarts of barley will cost a full day’s pay.’”—Revelation 6:6, Easy-to-Read Version. To learn more about “the last days” and the prophecy in the book of Revelation, watch the video The World Has Changed Since 1914 and read the article “The Four Horsemen—Who Are They?” The solution to all economic problems “They will build houses and live in them, and they will plant vineyards and eat their fruitage. They will not build for someone else to inhabit, nor will they plant for others to eat.”—Isaiah 65:21, 22. “There will be an abundance of grain on the earth; on the top of the mountains it will overflow.”—Psalm 72:16. “‘Because the afflicted are oppressed, because of the sighing of the poor, I will rise up to act,’ says Jehovah.”—Psalm 12:5.a God will soon bring an end to unfair economic conditions, not just in one country but around the world. To see how, read the article “Is a Fair Economic System Possible?” But even today, the Bible can help you to deal with rising prices. In what way? It contains practical advice on how to use money wisely. (Proverbs 23:4, 5; Ecclesiastes 7:12) To learn more, read the articles “Protect Your Livelihood” and “How to Live on Less.” a Jehovah is the personal name of God.—Psalm 83:18.
Recordings That Bring Praise to Jehovah	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101989009	Recordings That Bring Praise to Jehovah “ONE day spent at Bethel playing music is worth a thousand spent elsewhere.” “I consider it the highest musical privilege presently in existence.” “I feel it is an honor to use the talents that Jehovah so graciously bestowed on me possibly to attract others to the truth with music.” These are some of the comments from professional musicians, Jehovah’s Witnesses, who have volunteered their time and effort to produce music with a unique orchestra. Why would these musicians freely volunteer their talents when they could be doing the same kind of work for profit? Let them answer for themselves. Jim has played double bass for 22 years with the New York Philharmonic orchestra. He stated: “I feel extremely privileged to come to the world headquarters of Jehovah’s Witnesses and record music.” Joe, violinist and guitarist, has recorded music professionally. He feels this way: “It is an answer to my prayers to be used by Jehovah with anything I have.” Harold, a pianist, has had many fine privileges of responsibility as a minister of Jehovah’s Witnesses. He has always kept his professional music career secondary to his ministry. He says: “Recording music for Jehovah’s Witnesses is one of the most enjoyable privileges I have had in Jehovah’s organization.” In these days when the recording business is a fiercely competitive, multimillion-dollar industry, it may seem hard for some to believe that 60 people would come together to record music for four days without accepting any monetary reward and even at their own expense! However, the sponsor of this recording project is the Watchtower Society—the nonprofit organization that publishes this magazine. And everyone involved with the orchestra —from conductor to technician—is a minister of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Their motive for working so hard? To bring praise to God. From Printing to Recording How, though, did the Watchtower Society—well known for its printing operations—become involved in making sound recordings? In 1966 the Society arranged for a costumed Bible drama to be presented at its yearly district conventions. This dramatic portrayal of ancient Bible events was so well received that similar presentations became regular features at these conventions. Back then, the first Bible dramas were presented live. Later, it was decided that prerecorded tapes could be produced to add music and sound effects to the presentations. Thus, the actors on stage would simply mime the voices already recorded on tape. The Society had its large headquarters staff at Brooklyn to draw from to provide actors and technicians, and a recording studio was established. But when the decision was later made to produce original music for these dramas, a new challenge presented itself. Assembling an Orchestra A search began for composers and musicians among Jehovah’s Witnesses in North America who would be willing to donate their time and talents to producing Christian music. Over the years, the Watchtower orchestra has grown to nearly symphonic proportions—60 to 70 volunteers. Quite a few among them are professional musicians. However, they will tell you what their primary profession is. David has played cello with the Denver symphony orchestra for several years. His view of the music industry has been affected by the truth of God’s Word. He expressed it this way: “I have scaled down my personal ambition and desire for advancement in the music world. I am glad to support my family as a musician and also have time to engage in the full-time ministry.” John’s view also has, as he put it, “changed dramatically. Although I was still working on Broadway as a bassist when I was baptized as one of Jehovah’s Witnesses, I began to see that it was hard to balance my love for Jehovah and my love for music. I found the music industry to be a master. I could not give my whole soul to Jehovah in the preaching work when I knew I had to play music at night. There are too many opportunities to compromise our faith. So I started in the full-time ministry.” Nearly 50 of the participants in the Society’s music recording projects, including music copyists and technicians, serve in local congregations of Jehovah’s Witnesses as elders or ministerial servants. About 35 are able to devote their full time to the ministry, including service at Brooklyn Bethel and Watchtower Farms. In 1980 the Society expanded the work of this unique orchestra. Arrangements of songs used by Jehovah’s Witnesses as an enjoyable feature of their worship were made available on cassette tapes. Delegates at the 1980 district conventions were thrilled by the release of Kingdom Melodies No. 1—the first of a series of music tapes produced by the Watchtower orchestra for the praise of Jehovah. Tom, a professional musician for many years, has been involved in the Society’s music recording projects for the past 15 years. He remarked: “It is true that our efforts fall short musically of what can be accomplished by a professional symphony orchestra. But what we may lack in experience is certainly made up for in zeal and enthusiasm.” Sallie has years of experience as a professional violinist. She appreciates “the spirit of cooperation that exists here that none in the world can match.” Bill, a retired percussionist, summed it up, saying: “The orchestra still isn’t the New York Philharmonic in quality, but I think we do well. I love it! I earnestly look forward to each recording session.” Dramas and Bible Readings The voices for the Bible dramas are recorded in the Society’s studios. Members of the Brooklyn headquarters staff serve as actors and actresses. Drama scenes are recorded separately and then edited together. Finally, sound effects and music are added. Since 1978 the Society’s recording facilities have been put to yet another use—recording the Holy Scriptures. Over the years, since the first release of the cassette of The Good News According to John, the entire Bible has been recorded. Now anyone with a hearing ear can benefit from God’s Word. How are such recordings made? Let’s look in on a recording session. An ordained minister of Jehovah’s Witnesses is reading from the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. To help him put meaning into the reading and to look carefully after the recording quality, there are three others sitting behind a soundproof window in the control room—the engineer, who operates the recording console to make sure the equipment is functioning properly; the follower, who carefully checks the reading for accuracy of output; and the director, who provides helpful guidance on pronunciation and speech qualities to the reader. While these three are busy with the recording, an editor removes page-turning noises and other unwanted sounds from previous recordings by physically cutting the recorded tape with a razor blade. A proofreader then carefully listens to the final version to be sure nothing has been left out. Producing music, drama, Watchtower, and Bible-reading tapes is a lot of work, but letters from all over the world expressing appreciation for these tapes indicate that it is well worth the effort. Have you had opportunity to benefit from these unique recordings? The publishers of this magazine would be more than happy to help you obtain them. After all, they do more than provide you with instruction and enjoyment. They bring praise to Jehovah himself. [Pictures on page 25] Professional Witness musicians share in all sections of the orchestra [Pictures on page 26] The different sections of the orchestra combine to make music that is recorded in the Watchtower studio
Book for All (ba) 1997	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/book-for-all-ba	A Book That “Speaks” Living Languages If the language in which a book is written dies, for all practical purposes the book dies too. Few people today can read the ancient languages in which the Bible was written. Yet it is alive. It has survived because it has “learned to speak” the living languages of mankind. The translators who “taught” it to speak other languages faced seemingly insurmountable obstacles at times. TRANSLATING the Bible—with its more than 1,100 chapters and 31,000 verses—is an imposing task. However, over the centuries, devoted translators gladly took on the challenge. Many of them were willing to suffer hardships and even to die for their work. The history of how the Bible came to be translated into the languages of mankind is a remarkable account of perseverance and ingenuity. Consider just a small part of that compelling record. The Challenges Facing the Translators How do you translate a book into a language that has no written script? Numerous Bible translators faced just such a challenge. For example, Ulfilas, of the fourth century C.E., set out to translate the Bible into what was then a modern but not a written language—Gothic. Ulfilas overcame the challenge by inventing the Gothic alphabet of 27 characters, which he based primarily on the Greek and the Latin alphabets. His translation of nearly the entire Bible into Gothic was completed before 381 C.E. In the ninth century, two Greek-speaking brothers, Cyril (originally named Constantine) and Methodius, both outstanding scholars and linguists, wanted to translate the Bible for Slavic-speaking people. But Slavonic—the forerunner of today’s Slavic languages—had no written script. So the two brothers invented an alphabet in order to produce a translation of the Bible. Thus the Bible could now “speak” to many more people, those in the Slavic world. In the 16th century, William Tyndale set out to translate the Bible from the original languages into English, but he encountered stiff opposition from both Church and State. Tyndale, who was educated at Oxford, wanted to produce a translation that even “a boy that driveth the plough” could understand.1 But to accomplish this, he had to flee to Germany, where his English “New Testament” was printed in 1526. When copies were smuggled into England, the authorities were so enraged that they began burning them publicly. Tyndale was later betrayed. Just before he was strangled and his body burned, he uttered these words with a loud voice: “Lord, open the King of England’s eyes!”2 Bible translation continued; the translators would not be stopped. By 1800, at least portions of the Bible had “learned to speak” 68 languages. Then, with the formation of Bible Societies—in particular the British and Foreign Bible Society, founded in 1804—the Bible quickly “learned” even more new languages. Young men by the hundreds volunteered to go to foreign lands as missionaries, many with the prime purpose of translating the Bible. Learning the Languages of Africa In 1800, there were only about a dozen written languages in Africa. Hundreds of other spoken languages had to wait until someone invented a writing system. Missionaries came and learned the languages, without the aid of primers or dictionaries. Then they labored to develop a written form, and after that they taught the people how to read the script. This they did so that someday people could read the Bible in their own tongue.3 One such missionary was a Scotsman named Robert Moffat. In 1821, at the age of 25, Moffat set up a mission among the Tswana-speaking people of southern Africa. To learn their unwritten language, he mixed with the people, at times journeying into the interior to live among them. “The people were kind,” he later wrote, “and my blundering in the language gave rise to many bursts of laughter. Never, in one instance, would an individual correct a word or sentence, till he or she had mimicked the original so effectually, as to give great merriment to others.”4 Moffat persevered and eventually mastered the language, developing a written form for it. In 1829, after working among the Tswana for eight years, Moffat finished translating the Gospel of Luke. To get it printed, he traveled about 600 miles by ox wagon to the coast and then took a ship to Cape Town. There the governor gave him permission to use a government press, but Moffat had to set the type and do the printing himself, finally publishing the Gospel in 1830. For the first time, the Tswana could read a portion of the Bible in their own language. In 1857, Moffat completed a translation of the entire Bible into Tswana. Moffat later described the reaction of the Tswana when the Gospel of Luke was first made available to them. He noted: “I have known individuals to come hundreds of miles to obtain copies of St. Luke. . . . I have seen them receive portions of St. Luke, and weep over them, and grasp them to their bosoms, and shed tears of thankfulness, till I have said to more than one, ‘You will spoil your books with your tears.’”5 Devoted translators like Moffat thus gave many Africans—some of whom initially saw no need for a written language—the first opportunity to communicate in writing. The translators, though, believed that they were giving the people of Africa an even more valuable gift—the Bible in their own tongue. Today the Bible, in whole or in part, “speaks” in over 600 African languages. Learning the Languages of Asia While translators in Africa struggled to develop written forms for spoken languages, on the other side of the world, other translators encountered a much different obstacle—translating into languages that already had complex written scripts. Such was the challenge facing those who translated the Bible into the languages of Asia. At the beginning of the 19th century, William Carey and Joshua Marshman went to India and mastered many of its written languages. With the help of William Ward, a printer, they produced translations of at least portions of the Bible in nearly 40 languages.6 Regarding William Carey, author J. Herbert Kane explains: “He invented a beautiful, free-flowing colloquial style [of the Bengali language] that replaced the old classical form, thereby making it more intelligible and attractive to modern readers.”7 Adoniram Judson, born and raised in the United States, traveled to Burma, and in 1817 he began to translate the Bible into Burmese. Describing the difficulty of mastering an Oriental language to the degree necessary to translate the Bible, he wrote: ‘When we take up a language spoken by a people on the other side of the earth, whose thoughts run in channels diverse from ours, and whose codes of expression are consequently all new, and the letters and words all totally destitute of the least resemblance to any language we have ever met with; when we have no dictionary or interpreter and must get something of the language before we can avail ourselves of the assistance of a native teacher—that means work!’8 In Judson’s case, it meant some 18 years of painstaking work. The final portion of the Burmese Bible was printed in 1835. His stay in Burma, however, cost him dearly. While he was working on the translation, he was accused of spying and hence spent nearly two years in a mosquito-infested jail. Not long after his release, his wife and young daughter died of fever. When 25-year-old Robert Morrison arrived in China in 1807, he undertook the extremely difficult task of translating the Bible into Chinese, one of the most complex written languages. He had only a limited knowledge of Chinese, which he had started studying just two years earlier. Morrison also had to contend with Chinese law, which sought to maintain China’s isolation. The Chinese people were prohibited, under penalty of death, to teach the language to foreigners. For a foreigner to translate the Bible into Chinese was a capital offense. Undaunted but cautious, Morrison continued studying the language, learning it rapidly. Within two years he obtained a job as a translator for the East India Company. During the day, he worked for the company, but in secret and under constant threat of detection, he worked on translating the Bible. In 1814, seven years after he arrived in China, he had the Christian Greek Scriptures ready for printing.9 Five years later, with the help of William Milne, he completed the Hebrew Scriptures. It was an enormous achievement—the Bible could now “speak” in the language used by more people than any other in the world. Thanks to capable translators, translations into other Asian languages followed. Today, portions of the Bible are available in over 500 of the languages of Asia. Why did men such as Tyndale, Moffat, Judson, and Morrison labor for years—some even risking their lives—to translate a book for people they did not know and, in some cases, for people who did not have a written language? Certainly not for glory or financial gain. They believed that the Bible is God’s Word and that it should “speak” to people—all people—in their own language. Whether you feel that the Bible is the Word of God or not, perhaps you would agree that the kind of self-sacrificing spirit displayed by those devoted translators is all too rare in today’s world. Is not a book that inspires such unselfishness worth investigating? [Chart on page 12] (For fully formatted text, see publication) Number of languages in which portions of the Bible have been printed since 1800 68 107 171 269 367 522 729 971 1,199 1,762 2,123 1800 1900 1995 [Picture on page 10] Tyndale translating the Bible [Picture on page 11] Robert Moffat [Picture on page 12] Adoniram Judson [Picture on page 13] Robert Morrison
This Life (ts) 1974	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ts	Chapter 1 You Have Reason to Be Concerned Will it ever be possible for man to live forever? Some trees now live for many centuries. IS LIFE precious to you? Do you desire life in good health for yourself and your loved ones? Most people will answer, Yes. But today many things constantly remind us of the uncertainty of life—for ourselves, our mates and our children. Accidents, crimes, riots, wars and famines cut down millions right in the prime of life. Disease takes an appalling toll despite medical advances. Pollution poses a most serious threat. It is not strange, then, that many persons today ask: ‘Is this life all there is? Or can it be that our fondest hope is to be found in a life after death? What actually does happen when a person dies? Does some part of him live on? Is he still conscious, able to see, hear, talk—to do things? Is there such a thing as torment after death? Really, is death a friend or an enemy?’ Surely it is to our benefit to know the answers to these questions. DOES DEATH MOLD OUR LIVES? You may not have thought about it, but the lives of all of us are molded greatly by the view we hold of death. It affects our enjoyment of life and the way we use our lives far more than most people realize. That is why we need to know the truth about death. Do you realize, for example, that most of the world’s religions are basically death-oriented rather than life-oriented? Hundreds of millions of persons have been taught that death will introduce them into another world, ‘the world of the dead,’ where they face either bliss or torment. Prayers for the dead, costly ceremonies on their behalf and sacrifices to appease them form a vital part of many major religions with vast memberships. One may say: ‘Perhaps so, but I don’t spend my time worrying about death or what comes after it. My problem is living and getting as much as I can out of life now while I can.’ Yet even that response shows death’s molding effect on people’s lives. After all, is it not death that determines how long it is before one can no longer get anything out of life? So, even though we may try to blot the thought of death from our minds, the realization that our life-span is, at best, quite short keeps pressuring us. It may drive a person in a fierce effort to become rich at an early age—‘while he can still enjoy things.’ The shortness of life makes many people impatient, rude, callous toward others. It moves them to use dishonest ways to reach their goals. They just feel there is not time to do it the right way. Yet, all the while they may claim that death has no part in molding their lives. What is your own view of death? What part does it play in your thoughts for the future, or, for that matter, the way you are living your life right now? THE NEED TO BE SURE The problem is that there is such a wide variation among people’s views about life and death. Often the views are contradictory, exact opposites. Many people believe that death is the complete end of everything or, at least, that man was made to die. Do you find that acceptable? Does it make sense to you that certain trees can outlive intelligent man by thousands of years? Do you feel that seventy or eighty years of life is long enough for you to do all that you want to do, to learn all that you want to learn, to see all that you want to see and to develop your talents and abilities to the extent you desire? Then there is the tremendous number of persons who believe that life goes on after death because something—soul or spirit—survives the death of the body. Yet their views also differ greatly. And, of course, their beliefs contradict the idea of those who think that all life ends with death. Contradictory views cannot all be true. Which are right? Does it matter? Yes, very much. Consider why. For one thing, if the dead can actually benefit from prayers and ceremonies on their behalf, would we not be merciless if we failed to provide these? But what if the dead are really dead, beyond the help of surviving humans? That would necessarily mean that hundreds of millions of persons are victims of a terrible fraud. It would mean that many great religious systems have enriched themselves by deceit, using falsehoods about the dead to exploit the living instead of doing something beneficial for them. What comfort can we offer when, sooner or later, death invades our family circle, or that of a friend? Does logic support the view that “fate” governs our experiences and the length of our lives? What if the one dying was a small child? Did God ‘take the child to be with Him,’ as some would say? Truly there are many, many things we need to know about death, and the more we love life the more we should want to be sure to get the right answers. But where—especially since there is so much confusion and contradiction? There are many religious books that discuss life and death, some of them quite ancient. But there is one very ancient book that presents a viewpoint quite different from that of all the others. In fact, the view it presents is surprisingly different from what the great majority of people think it contains. That book is the Bible. It deals with real people, people who faced the same basic problems that we do today. They, too, pondered the whole purpose of living, asking: “What does a man come to have for all his hard work and for the striving of his heart with which he is working hard under the sun?” “Even supposing that he has lived a thousand years twice over and yet he has not seen what is good, is it not to just one place that everyone is going?” (Ecclesiastes 2:22; 6:6) They, too, raised the question: “If an able-bodied man dies can he live again?” (Job 14:14) Do you know the answers? In the publication you now hold in your hands you will find discussed, not only the many popular attempts to answer the questions thus far raised, but also the vitally important way the Bible answers each of these. You can learn the unique hope it presents for those facing death or who have come within its grip. The understanding that this information can bring can contribute much to your present and future happiness and peace of mind.
Live Forever (pe) 1989	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/pe	Chapter 22 Identifying the True Religion 1. Who were practicing true religion in the first century? THERE CAN be no doubt as to who were practicing true religion in the first century. It was the followers of Jesus Christ. These all belonged to the one Christian organization. What about today? How can those practicing true religion be identified? 2. How can those practicing true religion be identified? 2 Explaining how we can do this, Jesus said: “By their fruits you will recognize them. . . . Every good tree produces fine fruit, but every rotten tree produces worthless fruit; . . . Really, then, by their fruits you will recognize those men.” (Matthew 7:16-20) What fine fruits would you expect true worshipers of God to produce? What should they be saying and doing now? SANCTIFYING GOD’S NAME 3, 4. (a) What was the first request made in Jesus’ Model Prayer? (b) How did Jesus sanctify God’s name? 3 True worshipers of God would act in harmony with the Model Prayer that Jesus gave his followers. The first thing Jesus there mentioned was this: “Our Father in the heavens, let your name be sanctified.” Another Bible version puts these words this way: “May your name be held holy.” (Matthew 6:9, Jerusalem Bible) What does it mean to sanctify, or to hold holy, God’s name? How did Jesus do it? 4 Jesus showed how he did it when he said in prayer to his Father: “I have made your name manifest to the men you gave me out of the world.” (John 17:6) Yes, Jesus made God’s name, Jehovah, known to others. He did not fail to use that name. Jesus knew that it was his Father’s purpose for His name to be glorified in all the earth. So he set the example in proclaiming that name and holding it holy.—John 12:28; Isaiah 12:4, 5. 5. (a) How is the Christian congregation connected with God’s name? (b) What must we do if we are to gain salvation? 5 The Bible shows that the very existence of the true Christian congregation is connected with God’s name. The apostle Peter explained that God “turned his attention to the nations to take out of them a people for his name.” (Acts 15:14) So God’s true people must treat his name as holy and make it known throughout the earth. In fact, knowing that name is necessary for salvation, as the Bible says: “For ‘everyone who calls on the name of Jehovah will be saved.’”—Romans 10:13, 14. 6. (a) Are the churches in general holding God’s name holy? (b) Are there any who bear witness to the name of God? 6 Now, then, who today treats God’s name as holy and makes it known over all the earth? The churches in general avoid the use of the name Jehovah. Some have even removed it from their translations of the Bible. However, if you were to talk to your neighbors and often refer to Jehovah, using his name, with what organization do you think they would associate you? There is only one people that is really following Jesus’ example in this regard. Their main purpose in life is to serve God and bear witness to his name, just as Jesus did. So they have taken the Scriptural name “Jehovah’s Witnesses.”—Isaiah 43:10-12. PROCLAIMING GOD’S KINGDOM 7. How did Jesus show the importance of God’s kingdom? 7 In the Model Prayer that Jesus gave, he also showed the importance of God’s kingdom. He taught people to pray: “Let your kingdom come.” (Matthew 6:10) Over and over again Jesus emphasized the Kingdom as the only solution for mankind’s troubles. He and his apostles did this by preaching to people about that kingdom “from village to village” and “from house to house.” (Luke 8:1; Acts 5:42; 20:20) God’s kingdom was the theme of their preaching and teaching. 8. How did Jesus show what the main message of his true followers would be in these “last days”? 8 What about our day? What is the central teaching of God’s true Christian organization? In prophesying of these “last days,” Jesus said: “This good news of the kingdom will be preached in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations; and then the end will come.” (Matthew 24:14) So the Kingdom must be the main message of God’s people today. 9. What people today are preaching the Kingdom message? 9 Ask yourself: If a person comes to your door and he speaks about God’s kingdom as the true hope for humankind, with what organization do you associate that person? Have people of any religion other than Jehovah’s Witnesses talked to you about God’s kingdom? Why, very few of them even know what it is! They are silent about God’s government. Yet that government is world-shaking news. The prophet Daniel foretold that this kingdom ‘would crush and put an end to all other governments and it alone would rule the earth.’—Daniel 2:44. RESPECT FOR GOD’S WORD 10. How did Jesus show respect for God’s Word? 10 Another way in which those who are practicing true religion can be identified is by their attitude toward the Bible. Jesus at all times showed respect for God’s Word. Time and again he appealed to it as the final authority on matters. (Matthew 4:4, 7, 10; 19:4-6) Jesus also showed respect for the Bible by living in accord with its teachings. Never did he downgrade the Bible. Rather, he condemned those who failed to teach in harmony with the Bible and who tried to weaken the force of its teachings by putting forth their own ideas.—Mark 7:9-13. 11. What attitude toward God’s Word do the churches often show? 11 How do the churches of Christendom measure up to Christ’s example in this regard? Do they have deep respect for the Bible? Many clergymen today do not believe the Bible accounts of Adam’s fall into sin, the flood of Noah’s day, Jonah and the big fish, and others. They also say that man got here by evolution, not by direct creation of God. Are they thereby encouraging respect for God’s Word? Also, some church leaders argue that sex relations outside of marriage are not wrong, or that even homosexuality or polygamy can be proper. Would you say that they are encouraging people to use the Bible as their guide? They certainly are not following the example of God’s Son and his apostles.—Matthew 15:18, 19; Romans 1:24-27. 12. (a) Why is the worship of many who even have the Bible not pleasing to God? (b) If willful wrongdoers are permitted to remain in good standing in a church, what must we conclude? 12 There are church members who have the Bible and even study it, but the way they live their lives shows that they are not following it. Of persons like that, the Bible says: “They publicly declare they know God, but they disown him by their works.” (Titus 1:16; 2 Timothy 3:5) If church members who gamble, get drunk or do other wrongs are permitted to remain in good standing within their church, what does this show? It is evidence that their religious organization is not approved by God.—1 Corinthians 5:11-13. 13. What serious decision must a person make if he has found that the teachings of his church do not all line up with the Bible? 13 If you have given thought to the previous chapters of this book, considering the Bible texts found there, you have come to know the basic teachings of God’s Word. But what if the teachings of the religious organization with which you are associating are not in harmony with those of God’s Word? Then you have a serious problem. It is the problem of deciding whether to accept the truthfulness of the Bible or to reject it in favor of teachings that the Bible does not support. What you do, of course, must be your own decision. However, you should weigh matters carefully. This is because the decision you make will affect your standing with God and your prospects of living forever in paradise on earth. KEEPING SEPARATE FROM THE WORLD 14. (a) What is another identifying mark of true religion? (b) Why is it so important that true worshipers meet this requirement? 14 Yet another identifying mark of those who practice true religion is that, as Jesus said, “they are no part of the world.” (John 17:14) This means that true worshipers keep separate from the corrupt world and its affairs. Jesus Christ refused to become a political ruler. (John 6:15) You can appreciate why keeping separate from the world is so important when you remember that the Bible says Satan the Devil is the ruler of the world. (John 12:31; 2 Corinthians 4:4) The seriousness of this matter is further seen from the Bible statement: “Whoever, therefore, wants to be a friend of the world is constituting himself an enemy of God.”—James 4:4. 15. (a) Are the churches with which you are acquainted really “no part of the world”? (b) Do you know of a religion that meets this requirement? 15 Do the facts show that the churches in your community take this matter to heart? Are the clergy as well as the members of the congregations really “no part of the world”? Or are they deeply involved in the nationalism, politics and class struggles of the world? These questions are not hard to answer, since the activities of the churches are widely known. On the other hand, it is also easy to check the activities of Jehovah’s Witnesses. By doing so, you will find that they really do follow the example of Christ and his early followers by keeping separate from the world, its political affairs and its selfish, immoral, violent ways.—1 John 2:15-17. LOVE AMONG THEMSELVES 16. What is an important way that true disciples of Christ can be identified? 16 A most important way in which Christ’s true disciples can be identified is by the love they have among themselves. Jesus said: “By this all will know that you are my disciples, if you have love among yourselves.” (John 13:35) Do the religious organizations with which you are acquainted have this love? What do they do, for example, when the countries in which they live go to war against one another? 17. How do religious organizations and their members measure up in meeting the requirement to show love among themselves? 17 You know what usually happens. At the command of worldly men the members of the various religious organizations go out on the battlefield and slaughter their fellow believers of another country. Thus Catholic kills Catholic, Protestant kills Protestant and Muslim kills Muslim. Do you think such a course is according to God’s Word and really shows the spirit of God?—1 John 3:10-12. 18. How do Jehovah’s Witnesses measure up in this matter of showing love to one another? 18 How do Jehovah’s Witnesses measure up in this matter of showing love to one another? They do not follow the course of worldly religions. They do not slaughter fellow believers on battlefields. They have not been guilty of living a lie by saying, “I love God,” while hating their brother of another nationality, tribe or race. (1 John 4:20, 21) But they also show love in other ways. How? By the way they deal with their neighbors and by their loving efforts to help others to learn about God.—Galatians 6:10. ONE TRUE RELIGION 19. Why is it both logical and Scriptural to say that there is just one true religion? 19 It is only logical that there would be one true religion. This is in harmony with the fact that the true God is a God, “not of disorder, but of peace.” (1 Corinthians 14:33) The Bible says that actually there is only “one faith.” (Ephesians 4:5) Who, then, are the ones who form the body of true worshipers today? 20. (a) In the light of the evidence, whom does this book point to as the true worshipers today? (b) Is that what you believe? (c) What is the best way to get well acquainted with Jehovah’s Witnesses? 20 We do not hesitate to say that they are Jehovah’s Witnesses. For you to be convinced of this we invite you to become better acquainted with them. The best way to do this is to attend their meetings at the Kingdom Hall of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Since the Bible shows that practicing true religion brings great outputment now and opens the way to enjoy everlasting life in paradise on earth, it surely will be worth your while to make such an investigation. (Deuteronomy 30:19, 20) You have our warm invitation to do so. Why not investigate now? [Picture on page 185] If you were to talk to someone about Jehovah and his kingdom, with what religion would people associate you? [Pictures on page 186] Does a person respect God’s Word if he fails to live by it? [Picture on page 188, 189] Jesus refused to become a political ruler [Picture on page 190] You are warmly invited to attend the meetings of Jehovah’s Witnesses
Did You Know?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2010005	Did You Know? What road did the apostle Paul travel during his first journey to Rome? ▪ Acts 28:13-16 states that the ship on which Paul sailed to Italy arrived at Puteoli (modern-day Pozzuoli), on the Bay of Naples. He then traveled to Rome on the Via Appia, the city’s main highway. The Via Appia was named after Appius Claudius Caecus, the Roman statesman who began building it in 312 B.C.E. This road, some 18 to 20 feet [5-6 m] wide and paved with large blocks of volcanic rock, eventually extended 362 miles [583 km] southeast from Rome. It instructioned Rome with the port of Brundisium (modern Brindisi), the gateway to the East. Wayfarers broke their journey at stopover points—spaced 15 or so miles [24 km] apart—to buy supplies, to sleep, or to change horses or vehicles. Paul, however, was probably walking. The section of the Via Appia he traveled was 132 miles [212 km] long. Part of this stretch crossed the Pontine Marshes, a swampy area that caused one Roman writer to complain about the mosquitoes and foul smell. Just north of those marshes were the Marketplace of Appius—about 40 miles [65 km] from Rome—and Three Taverns, a rest stop some 30 miles [50 km] from the city. At these two stops, Christians from Rome were waiting for Paul. Upon seeing them, “Paul thanked God and took courage.”—Acts 28:15. What kind of writing tablet is referred to at Luke 1:63? ▪ Luke’s Gospel records that friends of Zechariah inquired of him what his newborn son was to be named. Zechariah “asked for a tablet and wrote: ‘John is its name.’” (Luke 1:63) According to one scholarly work, the Greek term here rendered “tablet” refers to “a small writing tablet normally made of wood with a prepared wax surface.” Shallow recesses in hinged wooden panels were overlaid with smooth beeswax. Using a stylus, a writer could make notes on this surface. The writing could thereafter be erased and the newly smoothed surface be reused. The book Reading and Writing in the Time of Jesus says: “Paintings from Pompeii, sculptures from various parts of the Roman Empire and actual examples dug up at many sites scattered from Egypt to Hadrian’s Wall [Northern Britain] display the widespread use of the tablets.” A variety of individuals may have had such tablets at hand—traders, government officials, and perhaps even some of the first-century Christians. [Picture on page 11] Via Appia [Picture on page 11] Schoolboy’s wax tablet, 2nd century C.E. [Credit Line] By permission of the British Library
Women in the Bible—What Can We Learn From Them?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502019181	Women in the Bible—What Can We Learn From Them? The Bible’s answer The Bible introduces us to many women whose lives can teach us valuable lessons. (Romans 15:4; 2 Timothy 3:16, 17) This article briefly describes just some of the women mentioned in the Bible. Many are fine examples to imitate. Others provide warning examples.—1 Corinthians 10:11; Hebrews 6:12. Abigail Deborah Delilah Esther Eve Hannah Jael Jezebel Leah Martha Mary (mother of Jesus) Timeline of Women in the Bible Mary (sister of Martha and Lazarus) Mary Magdalene Miriam Rachel Rahab Rebekah Ruth Sarah Shulammite girl Wife of Lot Abigail Who was Abigail? She was the wife of a wealthy but harsh man named Nabal. Abigail, however, was discerning and humble, as well as beautiful both physically and spiritually.—1 Samuel 25:3. What did she do? Abigail acted with wisdom and discernment in order to avoid calamity. She and Nabal lived in the region where David, Israel’s future king, was hiding as a fugitive. While David and his men were there, they protected Nabal’s flocks of sheep from robbers. But when messengers from David asked Nabal for some food, Nabal insolently refused to provide it. David was incensed! So he and his men went out to kill Nabal and all the men of his household.—1 Samuel 25:10-12, 22. Abigail acted quickly when she heard what her husband had done. She gave her servants a supply of food to take to David and his men, and she followed to beg David for mercy. (1 Samuel 25:14-19, 24-31) When David saw her gift, observed her humility, and heard her wise advice, he recognized that God had used her to prevent a tragedy. (1 Samuel 25:32, 33) Soon thereafter, Nabal died and Abigail became David’s wife.—1 Samuel 25:37-41. What can we learn from Abigail? Although beautiful and wealthy, Abigail had a balanced view of herself. To keep peace, she was willing to apologize for something that was not her fault. She handled a tense situation calmly and did so with tact, courage, and resourcefulness. ▸ For a further discussion about Abigail, see the article “She Acted With Discretion.” Deborah Who was Deborah? She was a prophetess whom Israel’s God, Jehovah, used to reveal his will on matters affecting his people. God also used her to help settle problems among the Israelites.—Judges 4:4, 5. What did she do? The prophetess Deborah courageously supported God’s worshippers. At his direction, she summoned Barak to lead an Israelite army against their Canaanite oppressors. (Judges 4:6, 7) When Barak asked Deborah to go with him, she did not give in to fear but willingly complied with his request.—Judges 4:8, 9. After God gave the Israelites a decisive victory, Deborah composed at least part of the song that she and Barak sang recounting the event. In that song she mentioned the role that Jael, another fearless woman, had played in defeating the Canaanites.—Judges, chapter 5. What can we learn from Deborah? Deborah was self-sacrificing and courageous. She encouraged others to do the right thing in God’s eyes. When they did so, she generously gave them credit for what they did. ▸ For a further discussion about Deborah, see the article “I Arose as a Mother in Israel.” Delilah Who was Delilah? She was a woman with whom the Israelite judge Samson fell in love.—Judges 16:4, 5. What did she do? She accepted money from Philistine officials to betray Samson, whom God had been using to deliver the Israelites from the Philistines. The Philistines were unable to overpower him because of his miraculous physical strength. (Judges 13:5) So their officials sought help from Delilah. The Philistines bribed Delilah to find out how Samson got his great strength. Delilah accepted the money, and after several attempts, she finally succeeded in uncovering Samson’s secret. (Judges 16:15-17) She then told his secret to the Philistines, who captured and imprisoned Samson.—Judges 16:18-21. What can we learn from Delilah? Delilah is a warning example. Overcome by greed, she acted in a deceitful, disloyal, and selfish way toward a servant of Jehovah God. Esther Who was Esther? She was a Jewess who was chosen by Persian King Ahasuerus to become his queen. What did she do? Queen Esther used her influence to prevent the genocide of her own people. She discovered that an official decree had been issued that designated a specific day on which all Jews living in the Persian Empire were to be killed. This evil scheme was the work of a man named Haman, who was the prime minister. (Esther 3:13-15; 4:1, 5) With the help of her older cousin, Mordecai, and at the risk of her life, Esther revealed the scheme to her husband, King Ahasuerus. (Esther 4:10-16; 7:1-10) Ahasuerus then allowed Esther and Mordecai to issue another decree, authorizing the Jews to defend themselves. The Jews thoroughly defeated their enemies.—Esther 8:5-11; 9:16, 17. What can we learn from Esther? Queen Esther set an outstanding example of courage, humility, and modesty. (Psalm 31:24; Philippians 2:3) Despite her beauty and position, she sought counsel and help. When speaking with her husband, she was tactful and respectful, but bold. And at a time of great danger for the Jews, she courageously identified herself as one of them. ▸ For a further discussion about Esther, see the articles “She Stood Up for God’s People” and “She Acted Wisely, Bravely, and Selflessly.” Eve Who was Eve? She was the very first woman and is the first woman mentioned in the Bible. What did she do? Eve disobeyed a clear command from God. Like her husband, Adam, Eve was created as a perfect human with free will and the ability to cultivate godly qualities, such as love and wisdom. (Genesis 1:27) Eve knew that God had told Adam that if they ate from a certain tree, they would die. However, she was deceived into believing that she would not die. In fact, she was led to believe that she would be better off if she disobeyed God. So she ate the fruit and later induced her husband to eat it as well.—Genesis 3:1-6; 1 Timothy 2:14. What can we learn from Eve? Eve is a warning example of the danger of dwelling on wrong desires. Against God’s clear command, she developed an overpowering longing to take what did not belong to her.—Genesis 3:6; 1 John 2:16. Hannah Who was Hannah? She was the wife of Elkanah and the mother of Samuel, who became a prominent prophet in ancient Israel.—1 Samuel 1:1, 2, 4-7. What did she do? When Hannah was childless, she turned to God for comfort. Hannah’s husband had two wives. His other wife, Peninnah, had children; however, Hannah remained childless for a long time after her marriage. Peninnah cruelly taunted her, but Hannah prayed to God for comfort. She made a vow to God, saying that if God granted her a son, she would give the child to him by arranging for the child to serve at the tabernacle, a transportable tent used by Israel for worship.—1 Samuel 1:11. God answered Hannah’s prayer, and she gave birth to Samuel. Hannah kept her promise and took Samuel to serve at the tabernacle when he was still a little boy. (1 Samuel 1:27, 28) Year after year, she made a sleeveless coat for him and took it to him. In time, God blessed Hannah with five more children—three sons and two daughters.—1 Samuel 2:18-21. What can we learn from Hannah? Hannah’s heartfelt prayers helped her to endure trials. Her prayer of gratitude recorded at 1 Samuel 2:1-10 reflects her deep faith in God. ▸ For a further discussion about Hannah, see the article “She Opened Her Heart to God in Prayer.” ▸ For a discussion of why God tolerated polygamy among his ancient people, see the article “Does God Approve of Polygamy?” Jael Who was Jael? She was the wife of Heber, a non-Israelite. Jael took a fearless stand for God’s people. What did she do? Jael acted decisively when Sisera, the chief of the Canaanite army, showed up in her camp. Sisera had lost his battle against Israel and was now looking for refuge and shelter. Jael invited him into her tent to hide and rest. While he was sleeping, she executed him.—Judges 4:17-21. Jael’s action fulfilled a prophecy spoken by Deborah: “It will be into the hand of a woman that Jehovah will give Sisera.” (Judges 4:9) For her role, Jael was praised as the “most blessed of women.”—Judges 5:24. What can we learn from Jael? Jael acted with initiative and courage. Her experience shows how God can maneuver events to fulfill prophecy. Jezebel Who was Jezebel? She was the wife of Israelite King Ahab. She was a non-Israelite and did not worship Jehovah. Instead, she worshipped the Canaanite god Baal. What did she do? Queen Jezebel was domineering, ruthless, and violent. She promoted Baal worship and the sexual immorality associated with it. At the same time, she tried to eliminate the worship of the true God, Jehovah.—1 Kings 18:4, 13; 19:1-3. Jezebel resorted to lies and murder to satisfy her selfish whims. (1 Kings 21:8-16) As God had foretold, she died violently and did not receive a burial.—1 Kings 21:23; 2 Kings 9:10, 32-37. What can we learn from Jezebel? Jezebel is a warning example. She was so morally corrupt and unscrupulous that her name has become a symbol for a shameless, immoral, and unrestrained woman. Leah Who was Leah? She was the first wife of the patriarch Jacob. Her younger sister, Rachel, was his other wife.—Genesis 29:20-29. What did she do? Leah became the mother of six of Jacob’s sons. (Ruth 4:11) Jacob had intended to marry Rachel, not Leah. However, the girls’ father, Laban, arranged for Leah to take Rachel’s place. When Jacob realized that he had been tricked into marrying Leah, he confronted Laban. Laban asserted that it was not the custom for the younger daughter to marry before the older one. A week later, Jacob married Rachel.—Genesis 29:26-28. Jacob loved Rachel more than Leah. (Genesis 29:30) As a result, Leah jealously competed with her sister for Jacob’s affections. God took note of Leah’s feelings and blessed her with seven children—six sons and one daughter.—Genesis 29:31. What can we learn from Leah? Leah relied on God in prayer and did not let her distressing family situation blind her to God’s support. (Genesis 29:32-35; 30:20) The account of her life realistically portrays the failings of polygamy, an arrangement that God tolerated for a time. His approved standard of marriage is for a husband or wife to have just one spouse.—Matthew 19:4-6. ▸ For a further discussion about Leah, see the article “Distressed Sisters Who ‘Built the House of Israel.’” ▸ For a discussion of why God tolerated polygamy among his people for a time, see the article “Does God Approve of Polygamy?” Martha Who was Martha? She was the sister of Lazarus and Mary, and all three lived near Jerusalem in the village of Bethany. What did she do? Martha enjoyed a close friendship with Jesus, who “loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus.” (John 11:5) Martha was a hospitable woman. During one of Jesus’ visits, Mary chose to listen to Jesus while Martha attended to household duties. Martha complained to him that Mary was not helping her. Jesus gently corrected Martha’s viewpoint.—Luke 10:38-42. When Lazarus became sick, Martha and her sister sent for Jesus, confident that he could heal their brother. (John 11:3, 21) But Lazarus died. Martha’s conversation with Jesus reflected her confidence in the Bible’s promise of a resurrection and in Jesus’ ability to bring her brother back to life.—John 11:20-27. What can we learn from Martha? Martha worked hard in extending hospitality. She willingly accepted counsel. She spoke openly about her feelings and her faith. ▸ For a further discussion about Martha, see the article “I Have Believed.” Mary (mother of Jesus) Who was Mary? She was a young Jewish woman, and she was a virgin at the time she gave birth to Jesus, having conceived God’s son miraculously. What did she do? Mary humbly did God’s will. She was engaged to Joseph when an angel appeared to her and announced that she would become pregnant and give birth to the long-awaited Messiah. (Luke 1:26-33) She willingly accepted her role. After Jesus was born, Mary and Joseph had four sons together and at least two daughters. So Mary did not remain a virgin. (Matthew 13:55, 56) Although she enjoyed a unique privilege, she never sought or received adulation, either during Jesus’ ministry or as a member of the early Christian congregation. What can we learn from Mary? Mary was a faithful woman who willingly accepted a serious responsibility. She had an excellent knowledge of the Scriptures. By one estimate, she made some 20 references to the Scriptures when she uttered the words recorded at Luke 1:46-55. ▸ For a further discussion about Mary, see the article “What Mary’s Example Can Teach Us.” Mary (sister of Martha and Lazarus) Who was Mary? Along with her brother, Lazarus, and her sister, Martha, she enjoyed a close friendship with Jesus. What did she do? Mary repeatedly showed keen appreciation for Jesus as the Son of God. She expressed faith that Jesus could have prevented the death of her brother, Lazarus, and she was present when Jesus resurrected him. Her sister, Martha, criticized Mary when Mary chose to listen to Jesus rather than help with household duties. But Jesus commended Mary for having spiritual priorities.—Luke 10:38-42. On another occasion, Mary extended exceptional hospitality to Jesus by putting “costly perfumed oil” on Jesus’ head and feet. (Matthew 26:6, 7) Others present accused Mary of being wasteful. But Jesus defended her, saying: “Wherever this good news [of God’s Kingdom] is preached in all the world, what this woman did will also be told in memory of her.”—Matthew 24:14; 26:8-13. What can we learn from Mary? Mary cultivated deep faith. She put the worship of God ahead of mundane matters. And she humbly honored Jesus, even at considerable financial cost. Mary Magdalene Who was Mary Magdalene? She was a loyal disciple of Jesus. What did she do? Mary Magdalene was one of several women who traveled with Jesus and his disciples. She generously used her own funds to help care for their needs. (Luke 8:1-3) She followed Jesus till the end of his ministry, and she remained close by when he was executed. She had the privilege of being among the first to see Jesus after he was resurrected.—John 20:11-18. What can we learn from Mary? Mary Magdalene generously supported Jesus’ ministry and remained a devoted disciple. Miriam Who was Miriam? She was the sister of Moses and Aaron. She is the first woman in the Bible called a prophetess. What did she do? As a prophetess, she had a role in relating God’s messages. She enjoyed a prominent position in Israel and shared with the men in a victory song after God destroyed the Egyptian army in the Red Sea.—Exodus 15:1, 20, 21. Sometime later, Miriam and Aaron spoke critically of Moses. They were evidently motivated by pride and jealousy. God “was listening,” and he strongly counseled both Miriam and Aaron. (Numbers 12:1-9) God then struck Miriam with leprosy, apparently because she had instigated the critical talk. When Moses pleaded with God on her behalf, God healed her. After a seven-day quarantine, she was allowed to rejoin the camp of Israel.—Numbers 12:10-15. The Bible indicates that Miriam accepted the correction. Centuries later, God referred to her unique privilege when he reminded the Israelites: “I sent before you Moses, Aaron, and Miriam.”—Micah 6:4. What can we learn from Miriam? Miriam’s story reveals that God pays attention to what his worshippers say to or about one another. We also learn that to please God, we must avoid undue pride and jealousy—traits that may cause us to smear the good reputation of others. Rachel Who was Rachel? She was a daughter of Laban and the favored wife of the patriarch Jacob. What did she do? Rachel married Jacob and bore him two sons, who came to be among the founding heads of the 12 tribes of ancient Israel. Rachel met her future husband while she was tending her father’s sheep. (Genesis 29:9, 10) She was “very attractive” compared with her older sister, Leah.—Genesis 29:17. Jacob fell in love with Rachel, and he agreed to work for seven years so that he could marry her. (Genesis 29:18) However, Laban tricked Jacob into marrying Leah first, after which Laban permitted Jacob to marry Rachel.—Genesis 29:25-27. Jacob loved Rachel and her two sons more than he loved Leah and his children by her. (Genesis 37:3; 44:20, 27-29) As a result, there was rivalry between the two women.—Genesis 29:30; 30:1, 15. What can we learn from Rachel? Rachel endured a difficult family situation without losing hope that God would hear her prayers. (Genesis 30:22-24) Her story reveals the strain that polygamy puts on families. Rachel’s experience demonstrates the wisdom of God’s original standard for marriage—that a man have only one wife.—Matthew 19:4-6. ▸ For a further discussion about Rachel, see the article “Distressed Sisters Who ‘Built the House of Israel.’” ▸ For a discussion of why God tolerated polygamy among his people for a time, see the article “Does God Approve of Polygamy?” Rahab Who was Rahab? She was a prostitute who lived in the Canaanite city of Jericho, and she became a worshipper of Jehovah God. What did she do? Rahab hid two Israelites who were spying out the land. She did this because she had heard reports of how Israel’s God, Jehovah, delivered his people from Egypt and later from an attack by a tribe called the Amorites. Rahab helped the spies and pleaded with them to spare her and her family when the Israelites came to destroy Jericho. They agreed, but on certain conditions: She would keep their mission secret, she and her family would remain inside her house when the Israelites attacked, and she would hang a scarlet cord from her window to identify her home. Rahab obeyed every instruction, and she and her family survived when the Israelites captured Jericho. Rahab later married an Israelite and became an ancestress of both King David and Jesus Christ.—Joshua 2:1-24; 6:25; Matthew 1:5, 6, 16. What can we learn from Rahab? The Bible refers to Rahab as an outstanding example of faith. (Hebrews 11:30, 31; James 2:25) Her story illustrates that God is both forgiving and impartial, blessing those who trust in him, regardless of their background. ▸ For a further discussion about Rahab, see the article “She Was ‘Declared Righteous by Works.’” Rebekah Who was Rebekah? She was the wife of Isaac and the mother of their twin sons, Jacob and Esau. What did she do? Rebekah did God’s will, even when doing so was difficult. While she was getting water from a well, a man asked her for a sip of water. Rebekah quickly gave him a drink and offered to draw water for the man’s camels. (Genesis 24:15-20) That man was Abraham’s servant, and he had traveled a great distance to find a wife for Isaac, Abraham’s son. (Genesis 24:2-4) He also prayed for God’s blessing. When he saw Rebekah’s industriousness and hospitality, he discerned that God had answered his prayer, indicating that she was His choice for Isaac.—Genesis 24:10-14, 21, 27. When Rebekah learned of the servant’s quest, she agreed to return with him and become Isaac’s wife. (Genesis 24:57-59) Rebekah eventually had twin boys. God had revealed to her that the older boy, Esau, would serve the younger, Jacob. (Genesis 25:23) When Isaac arranged to give Esau the firstborn’s blessing, Rebekah took steps to make certain that the blessing came to Jacob, in harmony with what she knew to be God’s will.—Genesis 27:1-17. What can we learn from Rebekah? Rebekah was modest, industrious, and hospitable—qualities that led to her success as a wife, mother, and worshipper of the true God. ▸ For a further discussion about Rebekah, see the article “I Am Willing to Go.” Ruth Who was Ruth? She was a Moabitess who left her gods and her homeland to become a worshipper of Jehovah in the land of Israel. What did she do? Ruth showed extraordinary love to her mother-in-law, Naomi. Naomi, along with her husband and their two sons, had gone to Moab to escape a famine in Israel. The sons eventually married Moabite women—Ruth and Orpah. In time, though, Naomi’s husband and two sons died, leaving three widows. Naomi decided to return to Israel, where the drought was now over. Ruth and Orpah chose to go with her. But Naomi asked them to return to their relatives. Orpah did so. (Ruth 1:1-6, 15) Ruth, however, loyally stuck with her mother-in-law. She loved Naomi and wanted to worship Naomi’s God, Jehovah.—Ruth 1:16, 17; 2:11. Ruth’s reputation as a devoted daughter-in-law and a hard worker soon earned her a good name in Naomi’s hometown, Bethlehem. A wealthy landowner named Boaz was deeply impressed by Ruth and generously provided food for her and Naomi. (Ruth 2:5-7, 20) Ruth later married Boaz and became an ancestress of both King David and Jesus Christ.—Matthew 1:5, 6, 16. What can we learn from Ruth? Out of love for Naomi and Jehovah, Ruth willingly uprooted her life. She was hardworking, devoted, and loyal, even in the face of adversity. ▸ For a further discussion about Ruth, see the articles “Where You Go I Shall Go” and “An Excellent Woman.” Sarah Who was Sarah? She was Abraham’s wife and the mother of Isaac. What did she do? Sarah left a comfortable life in the prosperous city of Ur because she had faith in God’s promises to her husband, Abraham. God told Abraham to leave Ur and go to the land of Canaan. God promised to bless him and make him into a great nation. (Genesis 12:1-5) Sarah may have been in her 60’s at the time. From then on, Sarah and her husband lived a nomadic life in tents. Although nomadic life exposed Sarah to danger, she supported Abraham as he followed God’s direction. (Genesis 12:10, 15) For many years, Sarah was childless, which grieved her considerably. Yet, God had promised to bless Abraham’s offspring. (Genesis 12:7; 13:15; 15:18; 16:1, 2, 15) In time, God affirmed that Sarah would have Abraham’s child. She did give birth when she was well past the age of childbearing. She was 90 years old, and her husband was 100 years old. (Genesis 17:17; 21:2-5) They named the child Isaac. What can we learn from Sarah? Sarah’s example teaches us that we can always trust God to fulfill his promises, even seemingly impossible ones! (Hebrews 11:11) And her example as a wife highlights the importance of respect in a marriage.—1 Peter 3:5, 6. ▸ For a further discussion about Sarah, see the articles “What a Beautiful Woman You Are” and “God Called Her ‘Princess.’” Shulammite girl Who was the Shulammite girl? She was a beautiful country girl and the principal character in the Bible book called the Song of Solomon. The Bible does not reveal her name. What did she do? The Shulammite maiden remained loyal to the shepherd boy she loved. (Song of Solomon 2:16) Her exceptional beauty, however, caught the attention of wealthy King Solomon, who tried to win her affections. (Song of Solomon 7:6) Although others urged her to choose Solomon, the Shulammite girl refused. She loved the lowly shepherd boy and was loyal to him.—Song of Solomon 3:5; 7:10; 8:6. What can we learn from the Shulammite girl? She maintained a modest view of herself despite her beauty and the attention she received. She did not allow her affections to be swayed by peer pressure or the promise of material wealth and prestige. She kept her emotions under control and remained morally chaste. Wife of Lot Who was Lot’s wife? The Bible does not mention her name. But it does tell us that she had two daughters and that she and her family made a home in the city of Sodom.—Genesis 19:1, 15. What did she do? She disobeyed a command of God. God had determined to destroy Sodom and the neighboring cities because of their gross sexual immorality. Out of love for righteous Lot and his family, who lived in Sodom, God sent two angels to escort them to safety.—Genesis 18:20; 19:1, 12, 13. The angels told Lot’s family to flee the area and not to look back; otherwise, they would die. (Genesis 19:17) Lot’s wife “began to look back, and she became a pillar of salt.”—Genesis 19:26. What can we learn from the wife of Lot? Her story highlights the danger of loving material things to the point of disobeying God. Jesus cited her as a warning example. “Remember the wife of Lot,” he said.—Luke 17:32. Timeline of Women in the Bible Eve Flood (2370 B.C.E.) Sarah Wife of Lot Rebekah Leah Rachel Exodus (1513 B.C.E.) Miriam Rahab Ruth Deborah Jael Delilah Hannah Israel’s first king (1117 B.C.E.) Abigail Shulammite girl Jezebel Esther Mary (mother of Jesus) Jesus’ baptism (29 C.E.) Martha Mary (sister of Martha and Lazarus) Mary Magdalene Jesus’ death (33 C.E.)
Bible Teach (bh) 2014	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/bh	Is This What God Purposed? READ any newspaper. Look at television, or listen to the radio. There are so many stories of crime, war, and terrorism! Think about your own troubles. Perhaps illness or the death of a loved one is causing you great distress. You may feel like the good man Job, who said that he was “filled with dishonor and affliction.”—Job 10:15. Ask yourself: Is this what God purposed for me and for the rest of mankind? Where can I find help to cope with my problems? Is there any hope that we will ever see peace on the earth? The Bible provides satisfying answers to these questions. THE BIBLE TEACHES THAT GOD WILL BRING ABOUT THESE CHANGES ON THE EARTH. “He will wipe out every tear from their eyes, and death will be no more, neither will mourning nor outcry nor pain be anymore.”—Revelation 21:4 “The lame will leap like the deer.”—Isaiah 35:6 “The eyes of the blind will be opened.”—Isaiah 35:5 “All those in the memorial tombs will . . . come out.”—John 5:28, 29 “No resident will say: ‘I am sick.’”—Isaiah 33:24 “There will be an abundance of grain on the earth.”—Psalm 72:16 BENEFIT FROM WHAT THE BIBLE TEACHES Do not quickly dismiss what is presented on the preceding pages as mere wishful thinking. God has promised to bring these things about, and the Bible explains how he will do so. But the Bible does more than that. It provides the key to your enjoying a truly satisfying life even now. Think for a moment about your own anxieties and troubles. They may include money matters, family problems, loss of health, or the death of a loved one. The Bible can help you to deal with problems today, and it can provide relief by answering such questions as these: Why do we suffer? How can we cope with life’s anxieties? How can we make our family life happier? What happens to us when we die? Will we ever see our dead loved ones again? How can we be sure that God will fulfill his promises for the future? The fact that you are reading this book shows that you would like to find out what the Bible teaches. This book will help you. Notice that the paragraphs have corresponding questions. Millions have enjoyed using the question-and-answer method when discussing the Bible with Jehovah’s Witnesses. We hope you will too. May you have God’s blessing as you now enjoy the thrilling and satisfying experience of learning what the Bible really teaches! GET TO KNOW YOUR BIBLE THERE are 66 books and letters that make up the Bible. These are divided into chapters and verses for easy reference. When scriptures are cited in this publication, the first number after the name indicates the chapter of the Bible book or letter, and the next refers to the verse. For example, the citation “2 Timothy 3:16” means the second letter to Timothy, chapter 3, verse 16. You will quickly become familiar with the Bible by looking up the scriptures cited in this publication. Also, why not start a program of daily Bible reading? By reading three to five chapters a day, you can read the entire Bible in a year.
Is Polygamy Acceptable?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502012500	Is Polygamy Acceptable? The Bible’s answer For a time, God did permit a man to have more than one wife. (Genesis 4:19; 16:1-4; 29:18-29) But God did not originate the practice of polygamy. He provided only one wife for Adam. God authorized Jesus Christ to reinstitute His original standard of monogamy. (John 8:28) When asked about marriage, Jesus said: “He who created them from the beginning made them male and female and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and his mother and will stick to his wife, and the two will be one flesh.’”—Matthew 19:4, 5. One of Jesus’ disciples was later inspired by God to write: “Let each man have his own wife and each woman have her own husband.” (1 Corinthians 7:2) The Bible also states that any married man in the Christian congregation who is given special responsibilities must be “a husband of one wife.”—1 Timothy 3:2, 12.
Happiness (hp) 1980	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/hp	Chapter 10 Better Health and Longer Life—How? GOOD health can contribute much to a person’s happiness. Yet all of us get sick at times. And serious illness can lead to death. These problems are considered in the Bible, which provides guidelines that can aid a person to enjoy better health and longer life. 2 The Scriptures remind us that Jehovah God is the Source of life. Because of him “we have life and move and exist.” (Psalm 36:9; Acts 17:25, 28) And he tells us much about how to look after ourselves. There are costly and crippling diseases that can be avoided by paying attention to the counsel in his Word. Those who have done so have reason to agree with the Bible writer who said: “The law of [God’s] mouth is good for me, more so than thousands of pieces of gold and silver.”—Psalm 119:72; 73:28; Proverbs 4:20-22. COUNSEL THAT PROMOTES GOOD HEALTH 3 The Bible is not primarily a guidebook on health. But it contains counsel that promotes good health. That can be clearly seen from God’s regulations for the nation of Israel. Here are some examples: Long before the practice of modern medicine, God’s law to Israel required that a person who had, or seemed to have, a contagious disease be quarantined. (Leviticus 13:1-5) Excrement was to be disposed of away from human habitations, thus preventing the spread of disease or the contamination of water. (Deuteronomy 23:12-14) If garments or vessels contacted an animal that had died of itself (perhaps from disease), they were to be either washed before reuse or destroyed. (Leviticus 11:27, 28, 32, 33) Israelite priests were to wash before serving at the altar, thus taking the lead in cleanliness.—Exodus 30:18-21. 4 Medical men have since learned the practical value of such measures, which can still be applied with benefit: Minimizing contact with others when you or they seem to have an illness that might be contagious. Taking care not to contaminate drinking water or food with human wastes or garbage. Keeping cooking and eating utensils clean. Caring for personal hygiene by regular bathing, also by washing one’s hands after using the toilet. 5 Venereal diseases are usually contracted by immoral conduct, which God condemns. (Hebrews 13:4; Ephesians 5:5) But by being chaste before marriage and restricting sexual relations to one’s mate after marriage, Christians are protected against these dreadful diseases. 6 Also, better health can come from applying Scriptural counsel concerning a person’s general way of life. For example, the Bible commends hard work. It says that the man who puts in a good day’s work will sleep better. And it speaks highly of finding enjoyment in the food and drink you can get from your labor, while avoiding gluttonous overindulgence. Do you not agree that if you work hard, get enough sleep, enjoy your meals and are “moderate in habits,” you will be healthier and happier?—Ecclesiastes 2:24; 5:12; 9:7-9; Ephesians 4:28; 1 Timothy 3:2, 11. TOBACCO, ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 7 Dr. Joel Posner reports that in the United States, for example, 60 percent of the money spent for health care is for illnesses related to the use of tobacco and alcohol. How is the Bible helpful in this regard? 8 Consistent with God’s advice on cleanliness or purity, the apostle Paul wrote to Christians: “Dear friends, let us purify ourselves from everything that pollutes either body or spirit.” (2 Corinthians 7:1, Twentieth Century New Testament) Many persons have seen that using tobacco conflicts with that counsel. Drawing smoke into the lungs is unnatural. It pollutes the body and shortens a person’s life expectancy. Studies have established that smokers have more heart disease, lung cancer, hypertension and fatal pneumonia. 9 Also, consider the effects on person around the smoker—his family and associates. Jesus Christ said that the second commandment in God’s law given to Israel was: “You must love your neighbor as yourself.” (Mark 12:31) Is that not what you want to do? But what are the effects of smoking? It harms the user and it injures the health of others who breathe the smoke. 10 What about using alcoholic beverages? Many persons find them tasty and relaxing. The Bible does not forbid beverages that contain alcohol, which the body can “burn” as fuel or food. (Psalm 104:15; Ecclesiastes 9:7) But it does warn: “Wine is a ridiculer, intoxicating liquor is boisterous, and everyone going astray by it is not wise.” (Proverbs 20:1) And the Bible pointedly condemns drunkenness. (1 Corinthians 6:9, 10; 1 Peter 4:3) Anyone who drinks too much too often definitely is “not wise,” as the scriptures say. In time, such a person may ruin his liver, with serious, or even fatal consequences. The stomach may be damaged. The abuser of alcohol can become disposed to heart attacks and strokes. Both his memory and his muscle coordination may be impaired, too. 11 The Bible counsel on drunkenness is also helpful regarding drugs such as heroin, cocaine, betel nut, marijuana and LSD. These are widely used, not for “food” or medical purposes, but solely to bring an intoxicating “high,” hallucinations or an escape from reality. Such drugs may not have been used in Bible times. Yet the Bible speaks out strongly against drunkenness and the “debauchery” associated with it. Would not that same counsel apply to anything else that might cause one to become intoxicated and act in an unrestrained or debauched manner? (Ephesians 5:18) Often persons under the influence of drugs injure themselves or are hurt by others. (Compare Proverbs 23:29, 35.) These drugs are also instructioned to other health dangers, including lung disease, brain and genetic damage, malnutrition and hepatitis. So applying the counsel found in the Bible definitely can result in health benefits. WHY AND HOW TO APPLY GOD’S COUNSEL 12 The prospect of being healthier and living longer appeals to all sane persons. That is one good reason for accepting and applying the Scriptural counsel we have considered. (Psalm 16:11) But is that reason sufficient? You likely know persons who will accept risks because of the pleasure or thrill they hope to get. It should be different, though, with persons who have faith in God and who recognize that he has revealed himself through the Bible. Since our life is from him, we should be concerned with using it in harmony with the guidance he offers in the Bible. We would be ungrateful if we were to accept life from Jehovah and then deliberately ignore his wise and loving counsel on how to use our life. 13 Furthermore, as the Giver of life, does not God have the right to direct how we should live? He is the Ultimate Authority in the universe. The Bible writer James called him the ‘One who is lawgiver and judge.’ (James 4:12; compare Isaiah 45:9.) Hence, with regard to personal habits, we ought to be moved to apply what God says because He says it. 14 This outlook has provided a powerful motivation for many persons who long were unsuccessful in ending a harmful addiction. What they were doing became more serious when they saw that they needed to change, not just for the sake of their health, but because it was in accord with God’s will. Jesus told his followers that the greatest command is to love Jehovah “with your whole heart and with your whole soul and with your whole mind.” (Matthew 22:37) To do that, a person must break free from things that drug and damage the mind or that pollute the body. 15 An added help is to associate with persons who are endeavoring to live in accord with God’s counsel. The apostle Peter wrote that some, before becoming Christians, had “proceeded in deeds of loose conduct, lusts, excesses with wine, revelries, drinking matches, and illegal idolatries.” (1 Peter 4:3) As they worked to change, they could be strengthened by meeting with fellow Christians. They would thus be encouraged to study and apply God’s Word. And if, while making the needed changes, they weakened or felt extra strain, they could get help. How? By visiting and speaking with mature Christians, who would be sympathetic, understanding and upbuilding.—Ecclesiastes 4:9, 10; Job 16:5. 16 If you would like such assistance, you are welcome to attend the meetings of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Experienced Christians there will be happy to help you to learn and apply Bible counsel. As you make progress in doing so, you will have the satisfaction of knowing that you are striving to please your Creator. And you will be on the road to better health and longer life, with happiness. [Study Questions] What reasons do you have to know that God is interested in your health? (1-6) What Bible counsel bears on the use of tobacco? (7-9) How does the Bible help us in our view of alcohol? Of drugs? (10, 11) What reasons do you have for applying God’s counsel in your life? What aid is available? (12-16) [Box on page 99] “There is now added evidence that cigarette smoke harms not only the user but those around him. . . . If you smoke you should consider the effect both physically and psychologically on your child as well as yourself. Your own smoking is hazardous to the health of your child.“—Medical columnist Dr. Saul Kapel. [Box on page 101] “Research instructions marijuana to many potentially serious health problems. They include lung damage and possibly cancer, mental and neurological disturbances, defects in the body’s ability to fight disease, impaired sexual performance and the threat of chromosome damage and birth defects.”—“Newsweek.” [Picture on page 97] Cleanliness is an aid to good health
I Was Aimless but Found a Purpose in Life	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101996004	I Was Aimless but Found a Purpose in Life IMAGINE my dismay and discomfort very early one morning when I was awakened unexpectedly by two burly men searching the bedroom. My mother stood by, pale and helpless, obviously in a state of shock. The men were detectives. Immediately I knew what they were looking for. Although I put on a bold, defiant front, deep inside I was afraid. I realized that a police dragnet was closing in on our gang of juvenile thieves in New Jersey, U.S.A. The detectives gruffly told me to get dressed and then bundled me off to police headquarters for questioning. How did I get into this miserable situation? It began quite early in life. While still in my mid-teens, I already considered myself a hardened juvenile delinquent. During the 1960’s, many youths thought it “cool” to be a rebel without a cause, and I agreed wholeheartedly. Thus, at 16 years of age, I found myself hanging out at a neighborhood poolroom, having been expelled from high school. Here I became involved with a gang of youths that were committing burglaries. After joining them in some relatively minor jobs, I began to enjoy the excitement and suspense and actually found each experience quite thrilling. So began a nine-month spree of breaking and entering. As a gang, we mainly concentrated on professional offices where large sums of cash were often held. The more burglaries we committed without getting caught, the bolder we became. Finally, we decided to rob a branch of the county bank. For the first time, things started to go wrong. Although we gained entry into the bank without any difficulty, we spent a frustrating night inside because we were only able to break into the cashiers’ drawers. A more serious problem was that our bank break-in brought the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) into the case. With the FBI on our trail, it was not long before we were all arrested. The Sad Effects of Wrongdoing I was personally charged with 78 burglaries and suffered the embarrassment of having the details of each one read aloud to the court. This, added to all the publicity about our crimes in the local newspaper, had a devastating effect on my parents. But the humiliation and embarrassment I was causing them did not concern me much at that time. I was sentenced to an indefinite term in a state reformatory, which could have meant my being in custody until I turned 21 years of age. However, largely as a result of the efforts of a skilled lawyer, I was transferred to a special reform school. Although I had avoided a prison term, a stipulation was that I had to be removed from the community and from all my former associates. To this end, I was enrolled in a private school in Newark, one concentrating on problem kids like me. Additionally, I was required to have weekly sessions with a psychologist in order to receive professional help. All these conditions were met by my parents—at heavy financial sacrifice to themselves. Efforts to Reform No doubt as a result of our well-publicized trial, an editorial appeared in our hometown newspaper eninputd, “On Sparing the Rod.” This article was critical of the seemingly soft treatment the gang had received. The comments of this editorial, for the first time, got through to my conscience. So I cut out that clipping from the newspaper and vowed to myself that someday, in some way, I would make up for all the suffering, embarrassment, and expense I had caused my parents. One way, I thought, to prove to my parents that I could change would be to graduate from high school with my original class. I began to study as I had never studied before in my life. The result was that at the end of the school year, when, in the presence of my probation officer, I appeared again before the judge who had sentenced me, his stern face broke into a smile as he noted that I had achieved a B-plus average each term. So now the way was open for me to return to my old high school, and I graduated the following year. My Aimlessness Continues By now it was 1966, and while many of my classmates headed off to the war in Vietnam, I went off to Concord College in West Virginia. At college I was introduced to drugs, peace rallies, and a whole new culture that had me questioning traditional values. I was looking for something, but I did not know what. When the Thanksgiving holidays arrived, instead of going home, I hitchhiked south across the Blue Ridge Mountains to Florida. I had never traveled much before, and I was having a wonderful time seeing so many new and different places—that is, until Thanksgiving Day, when I ended up in the Daytona Beach jail for vagrancy. I was too ashamed to contact my parents, but the prison authorities did. Once again, my father made arrangements to pay a stiff fine rather than let me serve a prison sentence. I did not stay at college after that. Instead, with one lone suitcase and a newly awakened yearning for travel, I took off on the road again, hitchhiking aimlessly up and down the eastern seaboard of the United States and working at odd jobs to support myself. My parents hardly ever knew where I was, although from time to time I would visit them. To my surprise they always seemed pleased to see me, but I could not settle down. Now that I was no longer at college, I lost my student classification, which granted deferment from military service. My draft status now became 1-A, and it was just a matter of time until I would be called up for induction into the military. The thought of regimentation and the loss of my new freedom was unthinkable. So I decided to leave the country by ship. In the process a new career opportunity opened up for me. Could this be my life’s real purpose at last? Life at Sea as a Mercenary An old friend of our family was a captain in the United States merchant marine. He told me about a recently instituted training program for marine engineers. I was readily accepted into a condensed two-year program, which had the dual benefits of deferment from military duty and prospects of a marine engineering degree. I graduated with a diploma in 1969 and signed on as a third-class engineering officer on my first ship in San Francisco. We immediately sailed for Vietnam with a cargo of ammunition. The trip was uneventful, and I signed off that ship when we reached Singapore. In Singapore I signed on with a runaway flagship, so called because it hired all nonunion labor off the docks. This ship was used to run coastwise in Vietnam, from Cam Ranh Bay in the south to Da Nang to the north, near the demilitarized zone. Here the echoing boom of relentless bombing never ceased. However, financially this route was beneficial, and with war-risk and occasional attack bonuses whenever under direct fire, I found myself earning more than $35,000 a year as a war mercenary. In spite of this new affluence, I still felt aimless and wondered what life was all about—where was I heading? A Glimmer of Meaning to Life After one particularly frightening attack from enemy fire, Albert, my boiler attendant, began telling me how God was going to bring peace to the earth one day soon. I pricked up my ears at this unusual information. When we next sailed back to Singapore, Albert informed me that he had been one of Jehovah’s Witnesses but was no longer active. So together we tried to locate the local Witnesses in Singapore. No one seemed to be able to help us, but the night just before we sailed, Albert found a Watchtower magazine in the lobby of a hotel. It had an address stamped on it. We did not have time to check it out, however, for the next morning we sailed for Sasebo, Japan, where the ship was scheduled to go into dry dock for two weeks. There we paid off the crew, and Albert went his way. But only a week later, I was surprised to receive a telegram from him telling me that a convention of Jehovah’s Witnesses was being held in Sasebo that coming weekend. I decided to go and see what this convention was all about. That day—August 8, 1970—will always stick in my mind. I arrived at the convention site by taxi, stepping out into the midst of hundreds of Japanese, all immaculately dressed. Though most of them could not speak any English, it seemed they all wanted to shake my hand. I had never seen anything like this before, and despite not understanding a word of the program in Japanese, I decided that I would go again the next day—just to see if I would experience the same greeting again. I did! We signed on a new crew and a week later were back at sea again, steaming for Singapore. The first thing I did on arrival was to take a taxi to the address stamped on the Watchtower magazine. A friendly woman came out of the house and asked if she could be of any help. I showed her the address on The Watchtower, and she immediately invited me in. I then met her husband and learned that they were missionaries from Australia, Norman and Gladys Bellotti. I explained how I had got their address. They made me extremely welcome and answered many of my questions, and I left with a shopping bag full of Bible literature. Over the next few months, sailing coastwise in Vietnam, I read many of those books, including The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life. Now, for the first time in my life, I felt a sense of real purpose and direction. On the next trip back to Singapore, I resigned from the ship. A Disappointing Homecoming For the first time also, I really felt like going home. And so a few weeks later, I arrived back home very excited, wanting to tell my folks all about Jehovah’s Witnesses. They did not share my enthusiasm. This was understandable, for my behavior did not help. I had only been home for a few weeks when, in a fit of temper, I smashed up a local nightclub. I recovered consciousness in a jail cell. By now I was beginning to believe that there was no real hope of my ever reforming and getting control of my violent temper. Maybe I was always going to be a rebel without a cause. I did not feel that I could stay at home any longer. I had to get away. So within a few days, I booked passage on a Norwegian cargo vessel bound for England. England and Drama School I enjoyed being in England, but employment was the problem. So I decided to audition for various drama schools, and to my surprise I was accepted at The London School of Dramatic Art. My two years in London were spent drinking heavily, socializing, and, of course, taking drugs of all kinds. I suddenly decided I would like to make another visit to see my family back in the United States. But can you imagine how my dramatic appearance must have startled them this time? I wore a black cape with two golden lion heads joined by a gold chain at the neck, a red velvet waistcoat, and black velvet trousers with leather trim tucked into knee-high boots. Was it any wonder that my parents were obviously not impressed and that I felt completely out of place in their conservative surroundings! So I returned to England, where in 1972 I received a diploma in dramatic art. Now I had achieved another goal. But still the nagging, recurring question, Where do I go from here? I still felt the need for a real purpose in life. Aimlessness Finally Ending Not long after this, I at last began to feel some stability coming into my life. It began with a friendship with my neighbor Caroline. She was a schoolteacher from Australia and was a conventional, steady person—just the opposite of my personality. We had been friends for two years without any romantic attachment. Caroline then left for America for three months, and because of our good friendship, I arranged for her to stay with my parents for several weeks. They probably wondered why she would have anything to do with a character like me. Soon after Caroline left, I told my friends I was also going home, and they gave me a big send-off. But instead of going back to America, I went only as far as South Kensington, London, where I rented a basement apartment and telephoned the branch office of Jehovah’s Witnesses in London. I had come to realize what course my life should take. Within a week a delightful married couple visited me and immediately arranged for a regular Bible study with me. Because of the Witness publications I had already read, I was now quite keen and asked for two studies each week. Seeing my enthusiasm, Bob soon invited me to the Kingdom Hall, and it was not long before I was attending all the weekly meetings. When I found out that Jehovah’s Witnesses do not smoke, I decided to quit the habit immediately. But what about my appearance? I did not want to feel out of place anymore, so I bought a dress shirt, a tie, and a suit. I soon qualified to share in the house-to-house preaching activity—and although quite nervous at first, I came to enjoy it. Caroline was in for a big surprise when she got back, I thought. This turned out to be quite an understatement! She could not believe the change in me over such a short time—in my grooming and appearance and in so many other ways. I explained how my Bible studies had helped me and invited her also to have a Bible study. Apprehensive at first, she finally agreed, stipulating that she would only study with me. I was delighted to see how quickly she responded, and it was not long before she began to appreciate the truth of the Bible. After a few months, Caroline decided to return to Australia, and she resumed her Bible study in Sydney. I remained in London until I could get baptized, which I did seven months later. Now I wanted to go home to the United States again and see all my family. But this time I was determined to get it right! Homecoming With a Difference My bewildered folks wanted to know what was going on this time—I looked too respectable! But I was glad now to feel really at home. Although my parents naturally wondered about my dramatic change, they were tactful and responded with their usual kindness and tolerance. In the months that followed, I had the privilege of sharing a study of the Bible with them. I started a study with my two older sisters, who doubtless had also been influenced by my changed life-style. Yes, this was a real homecoming! In August 1973, I followed Caroline to Australia, where I was happy to see her baptized at the 1973 international convention of Jehovah’s Witnesses along with 1,200 others. We were married the following weekend in Canberra, Australia’s national capital. Here I have served in the full-time preaching work for the past 20 years and as an elder in the local congregation for 14 years. Thanks to my wife’s cooperation, we have reared three children—Toby, Amber, and Jonathan. Although we face the normal family problems, I still manage to share in the preaching activity full-time as a pioneer and at the same time care for the material needs of our family. Today, back in the United States, my parents are dedicated servants of Jehovah, and although both are now in their 80’s, they still share in the public preaching of the Kingdom. My father serves as a ministerial servant in the local congregation. My two older sisters are also zealous for Jehovah’s service. How deeply I thank Jehovah God that my many years of aimless wandering are now well in the past! Not only has he helped me learn the best way to use my life but he has also blessed me with a united and caring family.—As told by David Zug Partrick. [Picture on page 23] David and his wife, Caroline
Is the World Coming to an End? What Is the Apocalypse?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/501100024	Is the World Coming to an End? What Is the Apocalypse? What comes to your mind when you hear the word “apocalypse”? You might think of a global catastrophe, perhaps one that ends all life on earth. Some believe that the world is heading toward such a disaster, especially when they read news reports like the following: “Nuclear war—whether started by design, blunder, or simple miscommunication—is a genuine possibility.”—Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. “The past decade has seen an astonishing run of record-breaking storms, forest fires, droughts, coral bleaching, heat waves, and floods around the world.”—National Geographic. “Locust swarms in Africa are worst in decades.”—The Associated Press. Will the earth be destroyed in a global apocalypse? What does the Bible say? Will planet earth come to an end? No. God’s Word, the Bible, assures us that the earth will remain forever. (Ecclesiastes 1:4) Rather than destroying the earth that he created, God will “bring to ruin those ruining the earth.”—Revelation 11:18. Is the world coming to an end? According to the Bible, the “world” that will come to an end is the world of mankind who disregard God and pursue selfish desires. Just as he did in the days of Noah, God will bring an end to “a world of ungodly people.”—2 Peter 2:5; 3:7. As 1 John 2:17 states, “the world is passing away and so is its desire.” This verse shows that God will destroy, not the literal planet earth, but the people who persist in their ungodly desires. When will the end come? The Bible does not tell us exactly when the end will come. (Matthew 24:36) However, it does indicate that the end is close. The Bible foretells the following: Events such as wars, food shortages, epidemics, and powerful earthquakes would occur “in one place after another.”—Matthew 24:3, 7, 14; Luke 21:10, 11; Revelation 6:1-8. People in general would display extreme selfishness. For example, they would be “lovers of money,” “unthankful,” and “without self-control.”—2 Timothy 3:1-5. Many people agree that since the year 1914, world conditions have matched what the Bible foretold and that the end is near. For more information, see the articles “What Does Bible Chronology Indicate About the Year 1914?” and “What Is the Sign of ‘the Last Days,’ or ‘End Times’?” What is the meaning of “apocalypse” in the Bible? The original Greek-language word translated “apocalypse” in the Bible basically means “uncovering” or “unveiling.” Often that word describes the revealing of information that had been hidden. The Bible also speaks of “the revelation [or, apocalypse] of the Lord Jesus,” which occurs when Jesus is revealed as the one with the power to rid the earth of all wicked influences and to reward those who worship God.—2 Thessalonians 1:6, 7; 1 Peter 1:7, 13. The last book of the Bible is named A·po·kaʹly·psis, or Revelation, because it reveals future events. (Revelation 1:1) That book contains good news and a message of hope. (Revelation 1:3) It shows that God will eliminate all injustice and turn the earth into a paradise. At that time, humans will no longer experience pain, suffering, or even death.—Revelation 21:3, 4. Would you like to learn more about these wonderful Bible promises? Jehovah’s Witnesses offer a free Bible study program that can help you. Why not contact them today?
God’s Word (gm) 1989	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/gm	Back Cover THE MODERN WORLD has too many problems. Marriages break up. Family violence is widespread. Hundreds of millions go hungry. Crime runs rampant. Peace and security are elusive. Why is the world like this? Are there any solutions? The Bible not only offers an answer to these questions but it provides guidance in everyday living as well. Should we not, then, be interested in what the Bible says? Some people maintain that the Bible is little more than a collection of myths, legends, and folk wisdom. Others, though, hold that the Bible is the inspired Word of God. Which viewpoint is correct? This book, The Bible—God’s Word or Man’s?, will help you to answer that question. We invite you to consider the facts for yourself. Doing so may well change your life forever.
Examining the Scriptures—2020 2019	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2020	May Friday, May 1 Love the foreign resident.—Deut. 10:19. In recent years, many countries have experienced an influx of refugees. Why not learn a greeting in the languages commonly spoken by newcomers in your area? Additionally, why not learn a few phrases that may capture their interest? You might then be able to direct them to jw.org and show them the variety of videos and publications available in their language. Jehovah lovingly provides the Life and Ministry Meeting so that we can become more effective in the field ministry. The practical instruction we receive at this meeting helps many of us feel more confident about making return visits and conducting Bible studies. Parents, help your children to let their light shine by teaching them to comment in their own words. Their simple, heartfelt expressions have sometimes prompted newly interested ones to recognize the ring of truth.—1 Cor. 14:25. w18.06 22-23 ¶7-9 Saturday, May 2 Welcome one another, just as the Christ also welcomed you.—Rom. 15:7. It is good to remember that at one time we were all “strangers,” or foreigners, not close to God. (Eph. 2:12) But Jehovah drew us to him “with the cords of love.” (Hos. 11:4; John 6:44) And Christ welcomed us. He opened the door, as it were, so that we could become part of God’s family. Since Jesus has kindly accepted us, as imperfect as we are, it should be unthinkable for us to reject anyone else! Divisions, prejudice, and hostility will doubtless increase in the world as we approach the end of this wicked system. (Gal. 5:19-21; 2 Tim. 3:13) As servants of Jehovah, though, we seek the wisdom from above, which is impartial and promotes peace. (Jas. 3:17, 18) We rejoice as we forge friendships with people from other lands, accepting cultural differences and possibly even learning the languages of others. When we do this, peace flows just like a river, and justice like the waves of the sea.—Isa. 48:17, 18. w18.06 12 ¶18-19 Sunday, May 3 [Have] your feet shod in readiness to declare the good news of peace.—Eph. 6:15. A Roman soldier who was not wearing his boots was not ready to march into battle. His sandallike boots were made of three layers of leather fastened together that gave him an excellent foothold. The design made the footwear both durable and comfortable. While the literal boots worn by Roman soldiers carried them into war, the symbolic footwear worn by Christians helps them deliver a message of peace. (Isa. 52:7; Rom. 10:15) Even so, it takes courage to speak up when the opportunity arises. “I was afraid to witness to my classmates,” says 20-year-old Bo. “I think I was embarrassed. Looking back, I don’t know why I should have been. Now I’m happy to witness to my peers.” Many young ones have found that if they are well-prepared to declare the good news, they feel more comfortable doing it. w18.05 29 ¶9-11 Monday, May 4 Keep bearing much fruit.—John 15:8. Jesus told his apostles: “I give you my peace.” (John 14:27) How does that gift—his peace—help us to bear fruit? As we endure, we experience in our heart a lasting feeling of peace that results from knowing that we have Jehovah’s and Jesus’ approval. (Ps. 149:4; Rom. 5:3, 4; Col. 3:15) After Jesus stated his desire that the joy experienced by the apostles might “be made full,” he explained to them the importance of showing self-sacrificing love. (John 15:11-13) Next, he said: “I have called you friends.” What a precious gift to receive—friendship with Jesus! What did the apostles have to do to remain his friends? They had to “go and keep bearing fruit.” (John 15:14-16) Some two years earlier, Jesus had instructed his apostles: “As you go, preach, saying: ‘The Kingdom of the heavens has drawn near.’” (Matt. 10:7) So on the last evening before his death, he encouraged them to endure in the work they had started.—Matt. 24:13; Mark 3:14. w18.05 20-21 ¶15-16 Tuesday, May 5 Whatever a person is sowing, this he will also reap.—Gal. 6:7. Youths, make up your mind to focus your life on your desire to serve Jehovah. This means centering your life on spiritual goals. Other youths of your age probably center their lives on having a good time, and they will likely invite you to join them. Sooner or later you will need to show how determined you are to stick to the choices you have made. Do not be distracted by peer pressure. There are a number of ways to combat peer pressure. For instance, avoid situations that are known to be tempting. (Prov. 22:3) And remind yourself of the painful consequences of joining others in bad behavior. A further help is to admit your own need for advice. Humility will allow you to be open to suggestions from your parents and spiritually mature ones in the congregation. (1 Pet. 5:5, 6) Are you humble enough to accept sound advice? w18.04 28-29 ¶14-16 Wednesday, May 6 Hold fast to what you have until I come. And to the one who conquers and observes my deeds down to the end, I will give authority over the nations.—Rev. 2:25, 26. In his messages to certain congregations of Asia Minor, Jesus expressed appreciation for the work his followers did. For example, he began his message to the congregation in Thyatira by saying: “I know your deeds, and your love and faith and ministry and endurance, and that your deeds of late are more than those you did at first.” (Rev. 2:19) Jesus not only mentioned their increased activity but also commended them for the qualities that motivated their good deeds. Although Jesus needed to counsel some in Thyatira, he still began and ended his message with encouragement. (Rev. 2:27, 28) Think of the authority Jesus has as head of all the congregations. He does not have to thank us for the work we do for him. Even so, he makes a point of expressing appreciation. What an excellent example he sets for elders! w19.02 16 ¶10 Thursday, May 7 Judas and Silas . . . encouraged the brothers with many talks and strengthened them.—Acts 15:32. The first-century governing body proved to be a source of encouragement both to those taking the lead and to Christians in general. They sent two of their number, Peter and John, to pray for the new believers to receive holy spirit. (Acts 8:5, 14-17) How Philip himself as well as those he had converted must have been encouraged by this support from the governing body! Today, the Governing Body of Jehovah’s Witnesses gives encouragement to Bethel family members, to special full-time field workers, and indeed, to the entire international brotherhood of true Christians. And the result is the same as in the first century—rejoicing over the encouragement! In addition, in 2015 the Governing Body published the brochure Return to Jehovah, which has proved to be a rich source of encouragement to many throughout the world. w18.04 19 ¶18-20 Friday, May 8 You will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.—John 8:32. People may think that the more freedom they have, the better off they will be, but the reality is that having unbounded freedom is a two-edged sword. We shudder to imagine what the world would be like if there were no restraints at all. For this reason, The World Book Encyclopedia states: “The laws of every organized society form a complicated pattern of balanced freedoms and restrictions.” “Complicated” is surely the right word. Just think of the volumes and volumes of laws written by man, let alone the armies of lawyers and judges needed to interpret and administer them. Jesus’ direction for gaining true freedom involves two requirements: First, accept the truth that he taught, and second, become his disciple. Doing so will lead to true freedom. But freedom from what? Jesus went on to explain: “Every doer of sin is a slave of sin. . . . If the Son sets you free, you will be truly free.”—John 8:34, 36. w18.04 6-7 ¶13-14 Saturday, May 9 All of you have . . . fellow feeling.—1 Pet. 3:8. We enjoy being around people who care about our feelings and welfare. They try to put themselves in our place, to discern what we are thinking and feeling. They anticipate our needs and offer help—sometimes even before we ask for it. We appreciate people who show that they have “fellow feeling” for us. As Christians, we all want to show empathy, or fellow feeling. Realistically, though, we may need to work at it. Why? For one thing, we are imperfect. (Rom. 3:23) So we must fight the inborn tendency to think mainly of ourselves. Also, some of us may struggle to show empathy because of our upbringing or past circumstances. Finally, we could be influenced by the attitude of people around us. In these last days, many do not consider the feelings of others. Rather, they are “lovers of themselves.” (2 Tim. 3:1, 2) However, we can improve in showing fellow feeling by imitating Jehovah God and his Son, Jesus Christ. w19.03 14 ¶1-3 Sunday, May 10 Safeguard your heart.—Prov. 4:23. The last of the Ten Commandments prohibited coveting, or developing a wrong desire for what belongs to another. (Deut. 5:21; Rom. 7:7) Jehovah gave this law to teach a valuable lesson—his people must guard their heart, that is, their thoughts, feelings, and reasonings. He knows that wicked acts begin as wicked thoughts and feelings. King David, for example, fell into that trap. Normally, he was a good man. But on one occasion, he coveted another man’s wife. His desire led to sin. (Jas. 1:14, 15) David committed adultery, tried to deceive the woman’s husband, and then had him killed. (2 Sam. 11:2-4; 12:7-11) Jehovah sees beyond a person’s outward appearance. He sees what we really are inside, in our heart. (1 Sam. 16:7) No thought, no feeling, no action can be kept secret from him. He looks for and encourages the good in us. But he wants us to identify and control wrong thoughts before they become wrong actions.—2 Chron. 16:9; Matt. 5:27-30. w19.02 21 ¶9; 22 ¶11 Monday, May 11 Seek Jehovah, all you meek ones of the earth . . . Seek meekness.—Zeph. 2:3. The Bible describes Moses as being “by far the meekest of all the men on the face of the earth.” (Num. 12:3) Does this mean that he was weak, indecisive, and afraid of confrontations? That is how some might describe a meek person. But such an idea is far from the truth. Moses was a strong, decisive, and courageous servant of God. With Jehovah’s help, he confronted the mighty ruler of Egypt, led perhaps 3,000,000 people through a desert, and helped the nation of Israel conquer their enemies. We do not face the challenges that Moses overcame, but each day we must deal with people or situations that make it difficult to be meek. However, we have a powerful incentive to develop this quality. Jehovah promises that “the meek will possess the earth.” (Ps. 37:11) Would you describe yourself as being meek? Would others describe you that way? w19.02 8 ¶1-2 Tuesday, May 12 Woe to those who say that . . . bad is good.—Isa. 5:20. Humans have had a conscience ever since man has been on the earth. After Adam and Eve broke Jehovah’s law, they hid themselves. This indicates that their conscience was bothering them. Those with a poorly trained conscience can be likened to a ship that is navigating with a defective compass. Setting off on a journey without an accurate compass can be treacherous. The winds and currents of the ocean can easily throw a ship off course. A properly calibrated compass can help the captain to keep the ship on course. Our conscience can be likened to a moral compass. It is an inner sense of right or wrong that can guide us in the right direction. But in order for our conscience to be an effective guide, it must be properly adjusted, or calibrated. When a person’s conscience is not properly trained, it does not act as a restraint from wrongdoing. (1 Tim. 4:1, 2) Such a conscience might even convince us that “bad is good.” w18.06 16 ¶1-3 Wednesday, May 13 Stop being molded by this system of things.—Rom. 12:2. We do well to recognize and reject worldly thinking when it is presented in less obvious ways. For example, a news report might be angled in such a way so as to favor certain political opinions. A human interest story might advance the world’s view of human goals and achievements. Some movies and books promote the “me first” and “family first” philosophies, making them seem reasonable, appealing, even right. Such viewpoints overlook the Scriptural view that our families and self-worth thrive when we love Jehovah above all. (Matt. 22:36-39) This does not mean that it is wrong to enjoy wholesome entertainment. Still, we do well to ask ourselves these questions: ‘Do we recognize the world’s teachings even when they are promoted indirectly? Do we limit our children’s exposure—and even our own—to certain programs or reading material? Do we counteract worldly ideas heard or seen by our children with Jehovah’s view of matters?’ w18.11 22 ¶18-19 Thursday, May 14 Do not be afraid, for I am with you.—Isa. 41:10. Jehovah shows that he is with us by giving us his full attention and his warm affection. Note how he expresses his tender and deep feelings for us. “You became precious in my eyes,” says Jehovah. “You were honored, and I have loved you.” (Isa. 43:4) No force in the universe can make Jehovah abandon his love for those who serve him; his loyalty to us is unshakable. (Isa. 54:10) Jehovah does not promise to remove the challenges that make life difficult, but he will not allow “the rivers” of problems to drown us or “the flame” of trials to do us any permanent damage. He guarantees that he will be with us, helping us to “pass through” those challenges. What will Jehovah do? He will help quiet our fears so that we can maintain our integrity to him, even if we face death. (Isa. 41:13; 43:2) When we trust in God’s promise “I will be with you,” we too will be courageous and strong as we endure trials. w19.01 3 ¶4-6 Friday, May 15 Many are the plans in a man’s heart, but the counsel of Jehovah is what will prevail.—Prov. 19:21. If you are a young person, you may have been encouraged by teachers, guidance counselors, or others to pursue higher education and a lucrative career. Jehovah, however, advises you to take a different course. To be sure, he wants you to work hard while you are at school so that you are able to earn a living after you graduate. (Col. 3:23) But when you are deciding on your priorities in life, he encourages you to be guided by sound principles that take into account his purpose and his will for us during this time of the end. (Matt. 24:14) Jehovah knows what lies ahead for the present world, and he knows how soon its end will come. (Isa. 46:10; Matt. 24:3, 36) He also knows us—what gives us true satisfaction and happiness as well as what leads us to disappointment and unhappiness. So no matter how reasonable human advice may seem, if it does not take God’s Word into account, it is not wisdom at all. w18.12 19 ¶1-2 Saturday, May 16 The wicked will be no more.—Ps. 37:10. Instead, “the meek will possess the earth, and they will find exquisite delight in the abundance of peace.” David was also inspired to predict: “The righteous will possess the earth, and they will live forever on it.” (Ps. 37:11, 29; 2 Sam. 23:2) What effect do you think those assurances had on people who wanted to do God’s will? They would have a basis for expecting that if only righteous people were living on earth, in time a paradise like the garden of Eden would be restored. Over time, most Israelites claiming to serve Jehovah turned their backs on him and on true worship. So God let the Babylonians conquer his people, ruin their land, and carry many of them into exile. (2 Chron. 36:15-21; Jer. 4:22-27) Still, God’s prophets foretold that after 70 years, his people would return to their homeland. Those prophecies were fulfilled. But they also have meaning for us—a coming paradise on earth. w18.12 4 ¶9-10 Sunday, May 17 As the heavens are higher than the earth, so my ways are higher than your ways and my thoughts than your thoughts.—Isa. 55:9. Much worldly advice is in conflict with the Scriptures. Still, might some of it be more suited to our times? “Wisdom is proved righteous by its works,” said Jesus. (Matt. 11:19) The world has made considerable advancement in technology; however, it has been unable to solve the major problems that stand in the way of happiness, such as war, racism, and crime. And what of its lenient view of morality? Many people acknowledge that this is, not solving, but contributing to family breakdown, illness, and other troubles. On the other hand, Christians who adopt God’s viewpoint are enjoying improved family relationships, the healthful benefits of moral cleanness, and peace among fellow believers on a worldwide scale. (Isa. 2:4; Acts 10:34, 35; 1 Cor. 6:9-11) Does this not show that Jehovah’s thinking is superior to that of the world? w18.11 20 ¶8-10 Monday, May 18 Bad associations spoil useful habits.—1 Cor. 15:33. Although we endeavor to have good relations with family members and treat them kindly, we must be careful not to compromise the truth to please them. While we will continue to try to get along well with family members, we will have close friendships only with those who love Jehovah. All who walk in the truth must be holy. (Isa. 35:8; 1 Pet. 1:14-16) When coming into the truth, all of us had to make adjustments to conform to the Bible’s righteous standards. Some had to undergo major changes. Whichever the case, we must never trade our pure, holy condition for the immoral filth of this world. How can we avoid succumbing to immoral conduct? Reflect on the high price that Jehovah paid in order for us to be holy—the precious blood of his Son, Jesus Christ. (1 Pet. 1:18, 19) To maintain our clean standing before Jehovah, we need to keep the value of Jesus’ ransom sacrifice foremost in our mind and heart. w18.11 11 ¶10-11 Tuesday, May 19 I will show a waiting attitude for the God of my salvation. My God will hear me.—Mic. 7:7. Many full-time servants can testify that focusing on the ministry helped them to maintain their balance despite changing circumstances. As their examples show, if we make the best of our circumstances and wait confidently on Jehovah, we will maintain our inner peace. We may even realize that we have derived much spiritual benefit from adjusting to a new set of circumstances. If life takes an unexpected turn—whether as a result of a change in our theocratic assignments, health problems, or new family responsibilities—be assured that Jehovah cares for you and will help you at the right time. (Heb. 4:16; 1 Pet. 5:6, 7) In the meantime, try to make the best of your situation. Draw close to your heavenly Father through prayer, and learn to leave yourself in his caring hands. In this way, you too will maintain inner peace despite changing circumstances. w18.10 30 ¶17; 31 ¶19, 22 Wednesday, May 20 [Jehovah] well knows how we are formed, remembering that we are dust.—Ps. 103:14. The Bible provides many examples of the considerate way in which Jehovah deals with his servants. For instance, note the thoughtful way that God helped young Samuel to deliver a judgment message to High Priest Eli as recorded at 1 Samuel 3:1-18. Jehovah’s Law commanded children to respect the aged, especially a chieftain. (Ex. 22:28; Lev. 19:32) Can you imagine Samuel going up to Eli in the morning and boldly telling him God’s stinging judgment message? Of course not! Indeed, the account tells us that Samuel “was afraid to tell Eli of the vision.” However, God made clear to Eli that He was calling Samuel. As a result, Eli took charge of the situation and told Samuel to speak and not to hide “a single word.” Samuel obediently “told him everything,” and his words harmonized with an earlier message. (1 Sam. 2:27-36) The account involving Samuel and Eli shows us how considerate and wise Jehovah is. w18.09 23 ¶2; 24 ¶4-5 Thursday, May 21 O Jehovah, who may be a guest in your tent? . . . The one who is . . . speaking the truth in his heart.—Ps. 15:1, 2. Spreading lies has become commonplace in today’s society. As stated in the article “Why We Lie” by Y. Bhattacharjee, “lying has come to be recognized as a deeply ingrained human trait.” People often resort to lying either to protect themselves or to promote themselves. They lie to cover up their mistakes and misdeeds or to gain economic and personal advantages. As the article states, there are people who “lie with ease, in ways big and small, to strangers, co-workers, friends, and loved ones.” What is the result of all this lying? Trust is lost and relationships can be ruined. The psalmist David prayed to Jehovah: “You find pleasure in truth in the inner person.” (Ps. 51:6) David knew that our being truthful comes from the inside, from our heart. In every aspect of life, true Christians “speak the truth with one another.”—Zech. 8:16. w18.10 7 ¶4; 8 ¶9-10; 10 ¶19 Friday, May 22 He led them in security, and they felt no fear.—Ps. 78:53. When the Israelites left Egypt in 1513 B.C.E., they may have numbered more than three million. Spanning three or even four generations, there were children, elderly ones, and no doubt some who were infirm or disabled. To lead such a vast crowd out of Egypt certainly called for an understanding and thoughtful Leader. Jehovah, by means of Moses, proved to be such. As a result, the Israelites felt safe as they left the only home they had ever known. (Ps. 78:52) How did Jehovah make his people feel safe and secure? For one thing, he led them out of Egypt in well-organized “battle formation.” (Ex. 13:18) Such organization surely reassured the Israelites that their God was in control. Also, Jehovah made his presence visibly manifest by means of “a cloud by day and . . . the light of a fire” at night. (Ps. 78:14) In effect, Jehovah was saying: “Do not be afraid. I am with you to guide and protect you.” w18.09 26 ¶11-12 Saturday, May 23 O that in the Grave you would conceal me, . . . that you would set a time limit for me and remember me.—Job 14:13. Back in Bible times, some of God’s faithful servants were so overwhelmed by their circumstances that they felt that they wanted to die. For example, pain-ridden Job lamented: “I loathe my life; I do not want to go on living.” (Job 7:16) Jonah was so disappointed with the way things had turned out in his assignment that he said: “Now, O Jehovah, please take away my life, for it is better for me to die than to live.” (Jonah 4:3) Also, at one point the faithful prophet Elijah felt so affected by his situation that he asked that he might die. He said: “It is enough! Now, O Jehovah, take my life away.” (1 Ki. 19:4) However, Jehovah valued those devoted servants and wanted them to live. Instead of condemning how they felt, he helped them to overcome their desire to die and built them up in love so that they could continue serving him faithfully. w18.09 13 ¶4 Sunday, May 24 We are God’s fellow workers.—1 Cor. 3:9. God’s fellow workers are noted for practicing hospitality. In the Christian Greek Scriptures, the term translated “hospitality” means “kindness to strangers.” (Heb. 13:2; ftn.) God’s Word recounts events that teach us to show such love. (Gen. 18:1-5) We can and should seize opportunities to help others regularly, whether they are “related to us in the faith” or not. (Gal. 6:10) Can you work with God by showing hospitality to visiting full-time servants? (3 John 5, 8) Such occasions often provide an opportunity for “an interchange of encouragement.” (Rom. 1:11, 12) God’s Word encourages men in the congregation to work with Jehovah by reaching out for privileges of service and oversight. (1 Tim. 3:1, 8, 9; 1 Pet. 5:2, 3) Those who do so want to assist others in both practical and spiritual matters. (Acts 6:1-4) And those who care for necessary congregation duties will tell you that it is most enjoyable to assist others. w18.08 24 ¶6-7; 25 ¶10 Monday, May 25 Do not severely criticize an older man. On the contrary, appeal to him as a father.—1 Tim. 5:1. Although Timothy had a measure of authority over such older brothers, he was to treat them with compassion and respect. However, how far would we take that principle? For example, should we feel obligated to defer to someone older if he is willfully sinning or is advocating something displeasing to Jehovah? Jehovah will not judge by the outward appearance and will not excuse a willful sinner simply because he is older. Note the principle found at Isaiah 65:20: “The sinner will be cursed, even though he is a hundred years of age.” A similar principle is demonstrated in Ezekiel’s vision. (Ezek. 9:5-7) Thus, our main concern must always be to show respect for the Ancient of Days, Jehovah God. (Dan. 7:9, 10, 13, 14) If we do so, we will not be afraid to correct a person needing counsel, regardless of his age.—Gal. 6:1. w18.08 11 ¶13-14 Tuesday, May 26 The naive person believes every word, but the shrewd one ponders each step.—Prov. 14:15. As true Christians, we need to develop the ability to evaluate information and reach accurate conclusions. (Prov. 3:21-23; 8:4, 5) If we do not cultivate this ability, we will be far more vulnerable to the efforts of Satan and his world to distort our thinking. (Eph. 5:6; Col. 2:8) Of course, only if we have the facts can we reach right conclusions. Today, people are bombarded with information. Internet websites, television, and other mass media present a seemingly unending array of ideas. Many people are also flooded with e-mails, text messages, and reports from well-meaning friends and acquaintances. Since the deliberate spreading of wrong information and the distorting of facts are common, we have good reason to be cautious and to evaluate carefully what we hear. w18.08 3 ¶1, 3 Wednesday, May 27 You have found favor with God.—Luke 1:30. When it came time for God’s Son to be born as a human, Jehovah selected a humble virgin girl, Mary, to be the mother of this special child. Mary lived in the insignificant city of Nazareth, far from Jerusalem and its magnificent temple. (Luke 1:26-33) Mary revealed her deep spirituality when she later spoke to her relative Elizabeth. (Luke 1:46-55) Yes, Jehovah had been observing Mary, and he granted her this unexpected privilege because of her faithfulness. When Mary eventually gave birth to Jesus, Jehovah did not honor any of the prominent officials or rulers in Jerusalem and Bethlehem by letting them know what had happened. Angels appeared to lowly shepherds who were caring for sheep in the fields outside Bethlehem. (Luke 2:8-14) These shepherds then visited the newborn baby. (Luke 2:15-17) How pleasantly surprised Mary and Joseph must have been to see Jesus honored in such a manner! w18.07 9-10 ¶11-12 Thursday, May 28 Jehovah became furious at Solomon.—1 Ki. 11:9. Why was Jehovah’s anger raised against Solomon? The Bible reports: “Because his heart had inclined away from Jehovah . . . , who had appeared to him twice and had warned him about this very thing, that he should not go after other gods. But he did not obey what Jehovah had commanded.” As a result, God withdrew his approval and support. Solomon’s heirs lost the unified kingdom of Israel and suffered many calamities for generations to come. (1 Ki. 11:9-13) As in Solomon’s case, one of the greatest threats to spirituality is friendship with those who do not understand or respect Jehovah’s standards. Some may be associated with the congregation but may be spiritually weak. Others could be relatives, neighbors, coworkers, or schoolmates who are not worshippers of Jehovah. In any case, if our close associates do not show a high regard for Jehovah’s standards, they can in time destroy our good standing with God. w18.07 19 ¶9-10 Friday, May 29 The whole world is lying in the power of the wicked one.—1 John 5:19. Satan uses movies and television shows to spread his way of thinking. He understands that storytelling does much more than entertain us; it teaches us how to think, feel, and act. Jesus made good use of this method of teaching. Take, for example, his parables of the neighborly Samaritan and of the son who left home and wasted his inheritance. (Matt. 13:34; Luke 10:29-37; 15:11-32) However, those who are infected with Satan’s thinking can use storytelling to corrupt us. We need to be balanced. Movies and TV shows can entertain and educate us without contaminating our thinking. But we must be cautious. When choosing entertainment, we do well to ask ourselves, ‘Is this movie or TV show teaching me that it is all right to give in to my fleshly desires?’ (Gal. 5:19-21; Eph. 2:1-3) What should you do if you detect that a program is promoting satanic thinking? Avoid it as you would a contagious disease! w19.01 15-16 ¶6-7 Saturday, May 30 Accept the helmet of salvation.—Eph. 6:17. Just as a helmet protects a soldier’s brain, our “hope of salvation” protects our mind, our thinking ability. (1 Thess. 5:8; Prov. 3:21) How could Satan induce us to remove our helmet? Consider the way he dealt with Jesus. Satan surely knew that Jesus had the hope of eventually ruling mankind. But Jesus would have to wait until Jehovah’s appointed time. And before then, he would have to suffer and die. So Satan offered Jesus the chance to fulfill his hope sooner. Satan suggested that if Jesus would do one act of worship, he could have it all and have it right then. (Luke 4:5-7) Similarly, Satan knows that Jehovah offers us material benefits in the new system. But we have to wait, and we might have to suffer hardships in the meantime. So Satan offers us tempting opportunities to enjoy such a life now. He wants us to seek material benefits first—to have it all and have it now. Satan urges us to seek the Kingdom second.—Matt. 6:31-33. w18.05 30-31 ¶15-17 Sunday, May 31 Let your heart be glad in the days of your youth.—Eccl. 11:9. Yes, Jehovah wants you as a young person to have a joyful heart. Keep yourself focused on theocratic goals, including Jehovah in all your plans. The earlier you start to do this, the sooner you will sense Jehovah’s guidance, protection, and blessing. Think of all the sound counsel you find in God’s Word, and take to heart the advice: “Remember, then, your Grand Creator in the days of your youth.” (Eccl. 12:1) Young people in the congregation deserve warm commendation for being determined to focus their lives on serving Jehovah. Youths do this by reaching out for spiritual goals and by giving the preaching work high priority. Moreover, they make up their mind not to be distracted by this world. Adolescents can be sure that their hard work is not in vain. They have the loving support of their brothers and sisters, and when they commit themselves to Jehovah, their plans in life will succeed. w18.04 29 ¶17, 19
Reasoning (rs) 1989	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/books/reasoning-rs	Bible Translations Referred to in This Book Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations are from the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, 1984 edition (NW). Explanations of the abbreviations used to designate other translations of the Bible are provided below: AS - American Standard Version (1901; as printed in 1944), American Revision Committee. AT - The Bible—An American Translation (1935), J. M. Powis Smith and Edgar J. Goodspeed. By - The Bible in Living English (published in 1972), Steven T. Byington. CBW - The New Testament—A Translation in the Language of the People (1937; as printed in 1950), Charles B. Williams. CC - The New Testament (1941; as printed in 1947), Confraternity of Christian Doctrine Revision. CKW - The New Testament—A New Translation in Plain English (1963), Charles K. Williams. Da - The ‘Holy Scriptures’ (1882; as printed in 1949), J. N. Darby. Dy - Catholic Challoner-Douay Version (1750; as printed in 1941). ED - The Emphatic Diaglott (1864; as printed in 1942), Benjamin Wilson. Int - The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures (1969). JB - The Jerusalem Bible (1966), Alexander Jones, general editor. JP - The Holy Scriptures According to the Masoretic Text (1917), Jewish Publication Society of America. KJ - King James Version (1611; as printed in 1942). Kx - The Holy Bible (1954; as printed in 1956), Ronald A. Knox. LEF - The Christian’s Bible—New Testament (1928), George N. LeFevre. LXX - Greek Septuagint Version. Mo - A New Translation of the Bible (1934), James Moffatt. NAB - The New American Bible, Saint Joseph Edition (1970). NE - The New English Bible (1970). NTIV - The New Testament in an Improved Version (1808), published in London. Ro - The Emphasised Bible (1897), Joseph B. Rotherham. RS - Revised Standard Version, Second Edition (1971). Sd - The Authentic New Testament (1958), Hugh J. Schonfield. SE - The Simple English Bible—New Testament, American Edition (1981). TC - The Twentieth Century New Testament, Revised Edition (1904). TEV - Good News Bible—Today’s English Version (1976). We - The New Testament in Modern Speech (1929; as printed in 1944), Richard F. Weymouth. Yg - The Holy Bible, Revised Edition (1887), Robert Young.
They Offered Themselves Willingly—In Norway	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2013042	They Offered Themselves Willingly—In Norway Roald and Fabian A FEW years ago, Roald and Elsebeth, a couple then in their late 40’s, lived comfortably in Bergen, Norway’s second-largest city. Together with their daughter and son, Isabel and Fabian, they faithfully shared in the activities of the congregation. Roald served as an elder and Elsebeth as a pioneer, while Isabel and Fabian did well as publishers. However, in September 2009, the family decided to do something different—preach for a week in an isolated area. So Roald and Elsebeth together with Fabian, then aged 18, traveled to Nordkyn, a peninsula situated in the county of Finnmark, above the Arctic Circle. There, in the village of Kjøllefjord, they preached alongside other brothers and sisters who had also come to that isolated region to share in the preaching work. “At the start of that week,” recalls Roald, “I felt quite satisfied that I had managed to arrange my affairs in such a way that I could share in this special activity for a whole week.” But later that same week, Roald began to feel uneasy. What happened? AN UNEXPECTED QUESTION “Out of the blue,” relates Roald, “Mario, a pioneer serving in Finnmark, asked us if we would be willing to move to a town named Lakselv to help the congregation of 23 publishers there.” Roald was taken aback by the unexpected question. He explains: “Elsebeth and I had thought about the possibility of serving where the need was greater—but that would be later when the children had left home.” Still, even during the few days he had been preaching in this isolated region, Roald could see that people were willing to learn about Jehovah. They needed help now—not later. “The question bothered my conscience and even robbed me of my sleep for several nights,” he recalls. Then Mario drove Roald and his family to Lakselv, about 150 miles (240 km) south of Kjøllefjord. Mario wanted the visitors to see for themselves the small congregation there. In Lakselv, Andreas, one of the two local elders, showed the visitors the area and the Kingdom Hall. The congregation gave them a warm reception and told Roald and Elsebeth that they would love it if their family could move there to help with the Kingdom work. With a smile, Andreas said that he had already arranged a job interview for Roald and Fabian! What would the visitors do? WHAT CHOICE TO MAKE? Fabian’s first reaction was: “I don’t have a desire to move here.” The thought of leaving his close friends with whom he had grown up in his home congregation and of living in a small town did not appeal to him. Also, he had not finished his training to become an electrician. However, when Isabel (then aged 21) was asked what she thought about moving, she exclaimed: “That’s exactly what I have always wanted to do!” But then, says Isabel: “When I thought more about it, I wondered, ‘Is this really a good idea? Will I miss my friends? Should I just stay in my congregation where things are convenient and predictable?’” What was Elsebeth’s reaction to the invitation? “I felt that Jehovah had given our family an assignment,” she says, “but I also thought about our newly renovated house and all the things in it that we had obtained during the last 25 years.” Elsebeth and Isabel When the special week was over, Roald and his family returned to Bergen, but they could not stop thinking about their Christian brothers and sisters in Lakselv, some 1,300 miles (2,100 km) away. “I said many prayers to Jehovah,” says Elsebeth, “and I kept in touch with the friends we had met by exchanging pictures and experiences.” Says Roald: “I needed time to let the thought of moving sink in. Also, I had to consider if it would be possible in practical terms. How would we maintain ourselves? I prayed a lot to Jehovah and spoke with my family and with experienced brothers.” Fabian recalls: “The more I thought about it, the more I realized that I really didn’t have a valid reason to say no. I prayed often to Jehovah, and the desire to move gradually became stronger.” And Isabel? To prepare herself for the possible move, she began pioneering in her hometown. After six months of pioneering, during which she also spent much time on personal Bible study, she felt ready to make the big move. TAKING STEPS TO REACH THEIR GOAL As the desire to serve where there is a greater need for publishers grew, the family took steps to reach their goal. Roald had a well-paying job that he really enjoyed, but he asked for a year-long leave of absence. However, his employer asked him to stay on as a part-time worker—two weeks on, six weeks off. “My income was drastically reduced, but it worked out fine,” says Roald. Elsebeth relates: “My husband asked me to try to find a house in Lakselv and to rent out our house in Bergen. It took a lot of time and effort, but we succeeded. After a while, the children found part-time jobs,” she adds, “and they help us cover the expenses for food and transportation.” Says Isabel: “Since the town we moved to is small, my biggest challenge was to find work to support myself as a pioneer. At times, it seemed hopeless.” Still, by taking any small part-time job she could find—nine during the first year—Isabel was able to cover her expenses. How did things work out for Fabian? “To complete my schooling as an electrician, I still needed to work as an apprentice. I did so in Lakselv. Later, I passed my exam and found a part-time job as an electrician.” HOW OTHERS EXPANDED THEIR SERVICE Marelius and Kesia witnessing to a Sami woman in Norway Marelius and his wife, Kesia, also wanted to serve where there was a greater need for publishers. Says Marelius, now aged 29: “Convention talks and interviews about pioneering moved me to think about expanding my service.” However, for Kesia, now aged 26, the idea of moving away from family was an obstacle. “I dreaded the thought of being far away from the people I love,” she says. Furthermore, Marelius worked full-time to pay the mortgage on their house. He says: “With the help of Jehovah and many prayers in which we asked for his help to make changes, we were able to make the move.” First, they spent more time on Bible study. Then, the couple sold their house, quit their jobs, and moved in August 2011 to the city of Alta, in northern Norway. There, to support themselves as pioneers, Marelius works as an accountant and Kesia works in a store. Knut and Lisbeth, a couple now in their mid-30’s, were touched by Yearbook accounts about those who serve where there is a greater need for Kingdom publishers. “These experiences made us think about serving in a foreign country,” says Lisbeth, “but I hesitated because I doubted that this was something an ordinary person like me could do.” Still, they took steps to reach their goal. Says Knut: “We sold our apartment and, to save funds, moved in with my mother. Later, to get a taste of serving in a foreign territory, we moved for one year to an English-language congregation in Bergen, where we stayed with Lisbeth’s mother.” Before long, Knut and Lisbeth felt ready to make the move, and a big one at that—to Uganda. They return to Norway two months a year to work. That way they have sufficient funds to live and preach full-time in Uganda the rest of the year. “TASTE AND SEE THAT JEHOVAH IS GOOD” “Our family has grown closer.”—Roald How did things turn out for these willing workers? Roald says: “We spend much more time together as a family in this isolated area than we did in Bergen. Our family has grown closer. Seeing the spiritual progress of our children has been a blessing.” He adds: “Also, we now have a more relaxed attitude toward material things. They do not mean as much as we thought they did.” Elsebeth saw the need to learn another language. Why? The territory of the Lakselv Congregation includes the village of Karasjok, in the heartland of the Sami—the indigenous people of the northern regions of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. So to make it easier to reach these indigenous people, Elsebeth took a course in the Sami language. Now she is able to have a simple conversation in that language. Is she enjoying her new territory? She says, beaming: “I conduct six Bible studies. Where else would I want to be than right here!” Fabian, who now serves as a pioneer and a ministerial servant, relates that he and Isabel helped three teenagers in their new congregation who needed encouragement to get more involved in the congregation’s activities. All three youths are now active in the ministry. In fact, two of them are baptized and served as auxiliary pioneers in March 2012. One of the teenagers who had been drifting away from the truth thanked Fabian and Isabel for helping her to “get going again.” Says Fabian: “I was really moved when she said that. What a joy to help someone!” Isabel notes: “In this assignment, I really have ‘tasted and seen that Jehovah is good.’” (Ps. 34:8) She adds: “On top of that, serving here is really fun!” Marelius and Kesia now have a simpler standard of living but a richer life. The congregation in Alta, to which they moved, now has 41 publishers. Marelius says: “Looking back, it’s so encouraging to see how much our life has changed. We thank Jehovah that we can serve him as pioneers here. Nothing is more fulfilling.” Kesia adds: “I learned to trust more completely in Jehovah, and he has taken good care of us. I also found that living farther away from my relatives helps me to value the moments that we spend together even more. I’ve never regretted our decision.” Knut and Lisbeth studying with a family in Uganda And how are Knut and Lisbeth doing in Uganda? Knut relates: “It took time to adjust to the new environment and culture. Water, electricity, and stomach problems—they all come and go, but we can conduct as many Bible studies as we want!” Lisbeth says: “Just half an hour from where we live, there are territories that have never been reached with the good news. Yet, when we go there, we find people reading the Bible, asking us to teach them. Teaching such humble individuals the Bible’s message is a joy beyond compare!” How happy our Leader, Christ Jesus, must be to observe from heaven how the preaching work that he started is being carried out in ever more regions of the earth! Yes, for all of God’s people, it is a heartfelt joy to offer themselves willingly to carry out Jesus’ command to “make disciples of people of all the nations.”—Matt. 28:19, 20. Applying Bible principles can help you to prepare for serving where there is a greater need for Kingdom publishers: Pray to Jehovah for motivation and “practical wisdom.”—Prov. 3:21; Phil. 2:13; Jas. 1:5. Seek advice from wise fellow believers. “He that is walking with wise persons will become wise.”—Prov. 12:15; 13:20. Make definite plans. “The plans of the diligent one surely make for advantage.”—Prov. 21:5. Move ahead, and put your plans in action. “Do good.”—Ps. 37:3. When you take these steps, you can be sure that Jehovah will bless your efforts!—Prov. 16:3.
Build a Strong and Happy Marriage	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2015042	Build a Strong and Happy Marriage “Unless Jehovah builds the house, it is in vain that its builders work hard on it.”—PS. 127:1a. CAN YOU EXPLAIN? What challenges do married couples face? How can a couple include Jehovah in their marriage? How can husbands and wives apply the Golden Rule? 1-3. What challenges do married couples face? (See opening image.) “IF YOU put forth sincere effort and show that you want your marriage to succeed, you can enjoy Jehovah’s blessing,” says a husband who has been happily married for 38 years. Yes, husbands and wives have the potential for enjoying happy times as well as for supporting each other through difficult times.—Prov. 18:22. 2 It is not unusual, however, for married couples to experience some “tribulation in their flesh.” (1 Cor. 7:28) Why? Simply dealing with everyday troubles can strain marital ties. Hurt feelings, misunderstandings, and miscommunications caused by the imperfect tongue can be a challenge in the best of marriages. (Jas. 3:2, 5, 8) Many couples also have difficulty in coping with demanding employment while caring for children. Stress and exhaustion make it difficult for some couples to take the time they need in order to strengthen their marriage. Their love and respect for each other may be eroded by financial difficulties, health problems, or other hardships. Furthermore, the foundation of what seemed to be a strong marriage can be undermined by “the works of the flesh,” such as sexual immorality, brazen conduct, hostility, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, and dissensions.—Gal. 5:19-21. 3 To compound matters, “the last days” are characterized by selfish, ungodly attitudes that are toxic to a marriage. (2 Tim. 3:1-4) Finally, marriages have to withstand the determined onslaughts of a malicious enemy. The apostle Peter warns us: “Your adversary, the Devil, walks about like a roaring lion, seeking to devour someone.”—1 Pet. 5:8; Rev. 12:12. 4. How is it possible to have a strong and happy marriage? 4 A husband in Japan admits: “I was under a lot of stress financially. And because I didn’t really communicate with my wife, she also came under a lot of pressure. In addition, she recently experienced serious health problems. At times, this stress caused us to clash.” Some challenges in a marriage are inevitable, but they are not insurmountable. With Jehovah’s help, couples can enjoy a solid and happy union. (Read Psalm 127:1.) Let us discuss five of the spiritual building blocks for a strong and lasting marriage. Then we will consider how these building blocks can be cemented by love. INCLUDE JEHOVAH IN YOUR MARRIAGE 5, 6. What can husbands and wives do to include Jehovah in their marriage? 5 The cornerstone of a secure marriage is loyalty and submission to the One who instituted marriage. (Read Ecclesiastes 4:12.) Husbands and wives can include Jehovah in their marriage by following his loving guidance. The Bible says about God’s ancient people: “Your own ears will hear a word behind you saying, ‘This is the way. Walk in it,’ in case you should go to the right or in case you should go to the left.” (Isa. 30:20, 21) Today, couples can “hear” Jehovah’s word by reading God’s Word together. (Ps. 1:1-3) They can further strengthen their marriage by means of a Family Worship program that is both enjoyable and spiritually refreshing. Daily prayer together is also invaluable in building a marriage that can withstand the onslaughts of Satan’s world. By doing spiritual things together, couples are bonded to God and to each other in a close and happy union (See paragraphs 5, 6) 6 “Whenever our joy has been clouded by personal difficulties or misunderstandings,” says Gerhard in Germany, “the counsel from God’s Word has helped us to develop patience and practice forgiveness. These qualities are indispensable in a successful marriage.” When couples work hard to keep God in their marriage by engaging in spiritual activities together, they are bonded to God and to each other in a close and happy union. HUSBANDS—EXERCISE LOVING HEADSHIP 7. How should husbands exercise their headship? 7 How a husband exercises his headship can do much to build a strong and happy marriage. The Bible states: “The head of every man is the Christ; in turn, the head of a woman is the man.” (1 Cor. 11:3) The context of that statement tells husbands how they should exercise their headship—in the same way that Christ exercises his authority over man. Jesus was never tyrannical or harsh but was always loving, kind, reasonable, mild-tempered, and lowly in heart.—Matt. 11:28-30. 8. How can a husband win his wife’s love and respect? 8 Christian husbands do not need to demand repeatedly that their wives show them respect. Rather, they “continue dwelling with them according to knowledge [showing them consideration; understanding them, ftn.].” They “assign them honor as to a weaker vessel, the feminine one.” (1 Pet. 3:7) In public and in private, husbands show by their respectful words and compassionate actions that their wives are precious to them. (Prov. 31:28) Such loving headship wins a wife’s love and respect and brings God’s blessing on the marriage. WIVES—SHOW HUMBLE SUBMISSION 9. How can a wife show humble submission? 9 Unselfish, principled love for Jehovah helps all of us to humble ourselves under his mighty hand. (1 Pet. 5:6) One important way that a submissive wife shows respect for Jehovah’s authority is by being cooperative and supportive within the family circle. The Bible says: “You wives, be in subjection to your husbands, as it is becoming in the Lord.” (Col. 3:18) Realistically, not all of a husband’s decisions will be to his wife’s liking. Yet, if his decisions do not conflict with God’s laws, a submissive wife is willing to yield.—1 Pet. 3:1. 10. Why is loving submission important? 10 A wife has an honorable place as her husband’s “partner.” (Mal. 2:14) She provides valuable input concerning family decisions by respectfully expressing her thoughts and feelings yet remaining submissive. A wise husband will listen carefully to his wife’s expressions. (Prov. 31:10-31) Loving submission, in turn, promotes joy, peace, and harmony within the family, and gives husbands and wives the satisfaction that comes from knowing that they are pleasing God.—Eph. 5:22. KEEP FORGIVING ONE ANOTHER FREELY 11. Why is forgiveness essential? 11 One of the crucial building blocks of an enduring marriage is forgiveness. The marital union is strengthened when husbands and wives “continue putting up with one another and forgiving one another freely.” (Col. 3:13) On the other hand, the marriage relationship is undermined when a couple keep a mental record of old grudges and often use them as ammunition for fresh attacks. Just as cracks can weaken a building, grievances and resentment can develop in our heart, making it increasingly difficult to be forgiving. By contrast, strong marriage bonds are forged when husband and wife treat each other in a forgiving way, as Jehovah treats them.—Mic. 7:18, 19. 12. How does love cover “a multitude of sins”? 12 True love “does not keep account of wrongs.” In fact, “love covers a multitude of sins.” (1 Cor. 13:4, 5, ftn.; read 1 Peter 4:8.) In other words, love does not put a limit on the number of sins that we can forgive. When the apostle Peter asked how many times he should forgive someone, Jesus replied: “Up to 77 times.” (Matt. 18:21, 22) He was showing that there is virtually no limit to the number of times a Christian should forgive others.—Prov. 10:12.a 13. How can we counteract a tendency to be unforgiving? 13 “If a couple do not want to be forgiving,” says Annette, “resentment and mistrust grow, and that is poison to a marriage. Being forgiving strengthens the bonds of marriage and draws you closer together.” To counteract a tendency to be unforgiving, work on having a thankful and appreciative disposition. Make a practice of giving your spouse sincere commendation. (Col. 3:15) Experience the peace of mind, unity, and divine blessings that come to those who have a forgiving disposition.—Rom. 14:19. APPLY THE GOLDEN RULE 14, 15. What is the Golden Rule, and how is it of practical value in a marriage? 14 No doubt you like to be treated with dignity and respect. You appreciate it when your thoughts are acknowledged and your feelings are taken into account. But have you ever heard someone say, “I will give him a taste of his own medicine”? While such a reaction might at times be understandable, the Bible tells us: “Do not say: ‘I will do to him just as he has done to me.’” (Prov. 24:29) In fact, Jesus recommended a more positive way of handling difficult situations. This rule of conduct is so well-known that it is often called the Golden Rule: “Just as you want men to do to you, do the same way to them.” (Luke 6:31) Jesus meant that we should treat people the way we would like to be treated and not repay unkindness with unkindness. In marriage, it means that we need to put into the relationship what we hope to get out of it. 15 Married people strengthen their relationship when they are sensitive to their mate’s feelings. “We have tried to put the Golden Rule into practice,” says a husband in South Africa. “True, there are times when we’re upset, but we have worked hard to treat each other the way we would like to be treated—with respect and dignity.” 16. What should marriage partners not do to each other? 16 Do not expose your mate’s weaknesses or harp on his idiosyncrasies—not even jokingly. Remember that marriage is not a competition to find out who is stronger, who can shout louder, or who can think of the most cutting remark. True, we all have flaws, and sometimes we upset others. But there is never a justifiable reason for either a husband or a wife to use sarcastic and demeaning speech, or worse, to shove or hit each other.—Read Proverbs 17:27; 31:26. 17. How can husbands live by the Golden Rule? 17 Even though in some cultures men who bully or hit their wives are viewed as manly, the Bible states: “The one slow to anger is better than a mighty man, and the one controlling his temper than one conquering a city.” (Prov. 16:32) It takes great moral strength to imitate the greatest man who ever lived, Jesus Christ, and to control one’s spirit. A man who verbally or physically abuses his wife is anything but manly, and he will lose his relationship with Jehovah. The psalmist David, who himself was a strong and courageous man, said: “Be agitated, but do not sin. Have your say in your heart, upon your bed, and keep silent.”—Ps. 4:4. “CLOTHE YOURSELVES WITH LOVE” 18. Why is it important to keep cultivating the quality of love? 18 Read 1 Corinthians 13:4-7. Love is the most important quality in a marriage. “Clothe yourselves with the tender affections of compassion, kindness, humility, mildness, and patience. But besides all these things, clothe yourselves with love, for it is a perfect bond of union.” (Col. 3:12, 14) Self-sacrificing, Christlike love is the mortar that binds the building blocks of a sturdy marital union. It makes the marriage unbreakable in the face of irritating personality flaws, daunting health challenges, distressing financial crises, and challenging in-law issues. 19, 20. (a) How can couples successfully build a strong and happy marriage? (b) What will we consider in the next article? 19 True, it takes loving devotion, loyal commitment, and earnest effort to make a marriage succeed. Rather than abandoning the marriage when difficulties arise, marriage partners should be determined to make their relationship thrive—not just survive. Christian couples who are devoted to Jehovah and to each other are motivated by their love for God and for each other to resolve their difficulties, for “love never fails.”—1 Cor. 13:8; Matt. 19:5, 6; Heb. 13:4. 20 Building a strong and happy marriage is particularly challenging in the “critical times” in which we live. (2 Tim. 3:1) But with Jehovah’s help, it is possible. Still, couples also have to contend with the world’s rampant moral decay. The following article will consider what husbands and wives can do to fortify the spiritual defenses of their marriage. a While couples try to forgive and to work out their difficulties, the Bible allows an innocent mate the right to decide whether to forgive or to divorce an adulterous spouse. (Matt. 19:9) See the article “The Bible’s Viewpoint: Adultery—To Forgive or Not to Forgive?” in the August 8, 1995, issue of Awake!
Pure Worship (rr) 2018	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/rr	A Letter From the Governing Body Dear Lovers of Jehovah: The year was 1971. Those who attended the “Divine Name” District Assembly held that year were thrilled to receive several new publications. The publications were described as “just beyond anyone’s imagination.” Concerning one of those new releases, a brother said: “It’s the most exciting preview of things to come that we have ever had!” What was he referring to? It was the book eninputd “The Nations Shall Know That I Am Jehovah”—How? But why did this book create such excitement? Because it contained updated explanations of the prophecies found in the Bible book of Ezekiel—prophecies that affect the future of all mankind. In the years since the release of the ‘Know Jehovah’ book, the number of God’s people has mushroomed—from some 1.5 million to well over 8 million. (Isa. 60:22) These millions of servants of Jehovah collectively speak over 900 different languages. (Zech. 8:23) Many have never had an opportunity to study a book that explains in detail the inspired prophecies recorded by the prophet Ezekiel. Additionally, in the decades since 1971, our understanding of many Bible truths has been greatly enhanced as the light has continued to grow brighter. (Prov. 4:18) In 1985 we started to see clearly how the “other sheep” are declared righteous as friends of God. (John 10:16; Rom. 5:18; Jas. 2:23) Then in 1995 we understood for the first time that the final judging of “the sheep” and “the goats” would take place during the coming “great tribulation.” (Matt. 24:21; 25:31, 32) All these adjustments have had an impact on our understanding of the book of Ezekiel. “Son of man, look closely, listen carefully, and pay attention to everything I show you, for that is why you were brought here.”—EZEKIEL 40:4 In recent years, the light has continued to grow brighter still. Consider the lessons learned from Jesus’ illustrations. Many of those lessons have now become crystal clear in our minds and hearts. A number of those illustrations refer to events that will soon take place during the fast-approaching great tribulation. In a similar way, our understanding of certain prophecies found in the book of Ezekiel has been clarified. Included among these are the prophecies concerning Gog of Magog (chapters 38 and 39), the work of the man with the secretary’s inkhorn (chapter 9), and the valley of dry bones and the symbolic joining of the two sticks (chapter 37). All these clarifications likewise update what was written years ago in the ‘Know Jehovah’ book. No wonder, then, that many of Jehovah’s people have asked, “When will we get a book that provides an updated explanation of Ezekiel’s prophecies?” The book Pure Worship of Jehovah—Restored At Last! is such a publication. As you read through its 22 chapters and meditate on the beautiful illustrations found therein, you will be amazed at all the careful research that has gone into its preparation. Much prayerful thought was given to ascertaining why Jehovah provided the fascinating Bible book of Ezekiel. Careful consideration was given to such questions as: What lessons were provided in the book of Ezekiel for those who lived in Ezekiel’s day as well as for us today? Which prophecies speak about events that are still in the future? Should we look for any types and antitypes in Ezekiel’s prophecies? The answers to these questions provide the clearest understanding yet of this long-cherished Bible book. As you read the book of Ezekiel from start to finish, you cannot help but be in awe of the heavenly part of Jehovah’s organization. No doubt you are also amazed at the lofty standards Jehovah has put in place for both those in heaven and those on earth who wish to worship him acceptably. The Pure Worship book will help to enhance your appreciation for what Jehovah has already done for his people as well as for what he will do for them in the near future. You will notice that this book emphasizes two themes over and over again. First, in order to please Jehovah, we must know and acknowledge him as the Universal Sovereign. Second, we must worship Jehovah in the way that he approves, bringing our lives into harmony with his lofty standards. It is our heartfelt desire that this publication will strengthen your resolve to worship Jehovah in a way that honors his great and holy name. At the same time, may it encourage you to keep in expectation of the time when all the nations will have to know that he is Jehovah.—Ezek. 36:23; 38:23. May our loving Father, Jehovah, richly bless your efforts to understand the book that he inspired the prophet Ezekiel to write. Your brothers, Governing Body of Jehovah’s Witnesses
How Can You Pray and Be Heard?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2021006	How Can You Pray and Be Heard? Jehovah God is the “Hearer of prayer.” (Psalm 65:2) We can speak to him anywhere and at any time, aloud or silently. Jehovah wants us to address him as “Father,” and he really is the best Father we can have. (Matthew 6:9) Lovingly, Jehovah teaches us how to pray and be heard by him. PRAY TO JEHOVAH GOD IN THE NAME OF JESUS “If you ask the Father for anything, he will give it to you in my name.”—John 16:23. Jesus’ words clearly show that Jehovah wants us to pray to him, not through images, saints, angels, or departed ancestors, but in the name of Jesus Christ. When we pray to God in Jesus’ name, we show that we recognize the vital role of Jesus. “No one comes to the Father except through me,” said Jesus.—John 14:6. SPEAK FROM THE HEART “Pour out your hearts before him.”—Psalm 62:8. When we pray to Jehovah, we should speak as we would to a loving father. Instead of reading out of a book or reciting something memorized, we should speak to him respectfully and from the heart. PRAY IN HARMONY WITH GOD’S WILL “No matter what we ask according to his will, he hears us.”—1 John 5:14. In the Bible, Jehovah God tells us what he will do for us and what he wants us to do for him. For our prayers to be acceptable to God, we need to pray “according to his will.” To do so, we need to study the Bible so that we can get to know him well. If we do, our prayers will be pleasing to him. WHAT MIGHT WE PRAY FOR? Pray for Your Needs. We can pray to God for our daily needs—food, clothing, and shelter. We might also pray for wisdom to make right decisions and for strength to endure our trials. We can pray for faith, for forgiveness, and for God’s help.—Luke 11:3, 4, 13; James 1:5, 17. Pray for Others. Caring parents are pleased when their children love one another. Jehovah too desires that his children on earth care about one another. It is appropriate to pray for our mate, our children, our family, and our friends. “Pray for one another,” wrote the disciple James.—James 5:16. Express Thanks. Of our Creator, the Bible says: “He did good, giving you rains from heaven and fruitful seasons, satisfying you with food and filling your hearts with gladness.” (Acts 14:17) When we think about all that God has done for us, we will be moved to express our thanks to him in prayer. Of course, we should also show our gratitude to God by the way we live.—Colossians 3:15. BE PATIENT AND KEEP PRAYING At times, we may feel disheartened because of not getting an immediate answer to our sincere prayers. Should we conclude that God is not interested in us? By no means! Consider the following experiences that emphasize that we may simply need to keep praying. Steve, mentioned in the opening article, admits, “Had it not been for prayer, I would have given up on life years ago.” What led to the change? He started to study the Bible and learned about the need to pray and to persist in it. “I pray to God to thank him for all the loving support I have received from my dear friends,” says Steve. “I am happier now than I’ve ever been.” What about Jenny, who felt that she was not worthy of being heard by God? She says, “At my lowest point, I begged God to help me understand why I felt so worthless.” How did that help her? “Talking to God has helped me put things into perspective, to see that even if my heart condemns me, he does not. It has also helped me not to give up but to keep trying.” The result? “Prayer has helped me to see Jehovah as a real, loving, caring God, Father, and Friend, who will always be there for me and help me as long as I keep trying to do what he wants.” “I realize that he is the best answer to my prayers,” says Isabel when she sees her son Gerard enjoying life despite his disability Consider, too, the experience of Isabel. When she became pregnant, her doctors told her that her child would be born severely handicapped. She was devastated. Some even advised her to end the pregnancy. “I felt as if I were going to die from all the anguish in my heart.” What did she do? “I prayed and prayed to God for support,” she says. In time, she gave birth to a son, Gerard, and he was handicapped. Does Isabel feel that God answered her prayers? Yes, she does! In what way? “As I see my son, who is now 14 years old, enjoying life despite his disability,” says Isabel, “I realize that he is the best answer to my prayers, the greatest blessing Jehovah God has given me.” Such heartfelt expressions make us think of the words of the psalmist: “You will hear the request of the meek, O Jehovah. You will make their hearts firm and pay close attention to them.” (Psalm 10:17) What wonderful reasons for persevering in prayer! The Bible records many of Jesus’ prayers. The best known is surely the one he taught his disciples. What can we learn from it? The Lord’s Prayer—A Model for You In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus gave his disciples a model prayer, often called the Lord’s Prayer. (Matthew 6:9-13; see also Luke 11:2-4.) Over the centuries, this prayer has become so popular that many have memorized and repeated it word for word. Was that Jesus’ intention for this prayer? It hardly seems likely because earlier in that sermon, Jesus had told his disciples to avoid repetitive prayers. (Matthew 6:7) Rather, Jesus was teaching his followers how to pray and what to pray about. Let us see what we can learn from the model prayer. “Our Father in the heavens” We should address our prayers only to God himself. “Let your name be sanctified” God’s name, Jehovah, should be honored and viewed as sacred. “Let your Kingdom come” God’s Kingdom is a heavenly government with Jesus as King, and it will soon exercise its rule over the entire earth. “Let your will take place, as in heaven, also on earth” God’s will is for humans to live forever on earth in peace and security. “Give us today our bread for this day” Jehovah is the one who provides the things we need to live. “Forgive us our debts” We all make many mistakes and need forgiveness. Keeping those points in mind can help you to offer meaningful personal prayers.
Watching the World	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101992010	Watching the World Pillage of Churches “Once sanctuary to medieval law-breakers, Britain’s churches are fast regaining their popularity with the criminal fraternity,” states The Economist. Only now it is a rising crime wave of burglars, arsonists, and vandals striking within the church buildings themselves. In 1990 alone, Anglican church property suffered losses and damage of some $7.4 million, U.S. (£4.5 million). The current problem, says The Economist, is with “professional gangs of antique thieves, often stealing to order. Much of the booty goes abroad, where it is harder to recover and easier to explain away.” Although church silver has been put in safes, the thieves have turned to filching organ pipes, church boxes, coffin stools, stained-glass windows, and complete doors. The bold thieves even turn up in official-looking garb and steal right “from under worshippers’ noses.” Most churches now stay locked for part of the day and post guards when the doors open. The worst hit “have glassed off the entrance, limiting visitors’ religious devotion to kneeling in the porch towards the altar.” Says a police security booklet, paraphrasing Revelation 3:2: “Be watchful and strengthen the things that remain.” Deadly Possessions “A gun gives the ordinary citizen courage. He thinks he is protected, but he is also really running great risk of becoming a criminal,” says police chief Nelson Silveira Guimarães of São Paulo, Brazil, speaking of the many people in the city who are carrying guns for protection. “The vast majority are not fit at all to have a gun,” adds Robinson do Prado, civil police investigator. “They are people without any emotional control to deal with situations of high tension.” It does not take much for one to lose self-control, notes the Brazilian newspaper Jornal da Tarde. “A provocation, a controversy, an uncontrolled gesture, and anyone can go from being a victim to being a murderer.” Especially is this true of children. “The no-problem availability of guns in every nook of the [United States] has turned record numbers of everyday encounters into deadly ones,” says U.S.News & World Report. “The reasons why are clear. Today’s kids are desensitized to violence as never before, surrounded by gunfire and stuffed with media images of Rambos who kill at will.” Preventing Malaria A simple preventive measure could greatly reduce the deaths caused by malaria. A recent study conducted in 73 villages in The Gambia, West Africa, showed that where beds were protected with insecticide-treated mosquito netting, malaria deaths among young children were 70 percent lower than in villages that did not use the nets. Since the mosquito that transmits the disease bites primarily at night, the nets protect people when they are the most vulnerable—when they are sleeping. Treating the nets with the insecticide permethrin makes the nets much more effective, even if they have little rips and tears. According to the World Health Organization, malaria kills as many as two million people annually. About 25 percent of the victims are children. “Mega-Churches” “Welcome to the world of ‘mega-churches,’” states The Economist. “There are now six American churches that attract more than 10,000 people every Sunday, and 35 that draw at least 5,000.” The First Baptist Church of Hammond, Indiana, U.S.A., claims to have the largest congregation—over 20,000 in attendance at its Sunday services. Nearly all the “mega-churches” are fundamentalist, believing in faith healing and speaking in tongues, or both. Children have become a focal point. The church in Hammond not only has a Sunday school but offers Little League baseball and summer camp as well. “All you need to build a mega-church is a strong message of good and evil, a gifted preacher with a talent for organisation and a big auditorium,” notes The Economist. “For bored, atomised suburbanites in the mid-west and the sunbelt, such churches offer ready-made blessings.” Rush to Beatify Opus Dei “Saint” Opus Dei, a secretive elite society within the Catholic Church, was founded in Spain in 1928 by Catholic priest José María Escrivá de Balaguer. He died in 1975, and since then a campaign has been waged by Opus Dei supporters to get him beatified. The Catholic Herald of London, under the headline “Dismay at Opus Dei ‘Saint,’” reported the reactions of Spanish cardinal Enrique Tarancon, former archbishop of Madrid, and Jesuit provincial Michael Campbell-Johnson regarding the “‘inexplicable’ haste surrounding the beatification process” of the Opus Dei founder. Such haste, says the paper, contrasts with the slow pace of the process for Cardinal Newman, who died in 1890, and that of Pope John XXIII, who died in 1963. “I . . . wouldn’t say that he was an exemplary person,” said Vladimir Felzmann, a former Opus Dei member who knew Escrivá personally. “He was in many ways an anachronism. The question is: what is he being held up as an example of?” Hepatitis and Transplants Hepatitis C, a potentially deadly liver disease, has been added to the growing list of diseases that can be passed on by transplants. The list also includes other forms of hepatitis, AIDS, and cytomegalovirus. The findings, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, may explain why there are so many cases of long-term liver disease following transplant operations. A study of 29 transplant patients who received organs from people with the hepatitis C virus showed that 14 developed hepatitis C and 6 died. The researchers feel that, in most cases, doctors should not allow people carrying the hepatitis C virus to donate organs. Libya’s Man-Made River “Camels walking the ancient caravan route from the desert oases of western Libya to the coastal city of Benghazi have a new landmark to guide them,” notes New Scientist magazine. “They are accompanied for more than a thousand kilometres [600 miles] by a water pipe big enough to drive a car through.” This artificial river, nearly as long as the Rhine, has for seven years been the world’s largest civil engineering project. It carries 70 million cubic feet [2 million cu m] of water a day from wells sunk inland at Sirte to coastal farms that have depleted their sources of underground water. Four other phases of the proposed giant water grid across Libya remain to be constructed. The cost of moving this water from beneath the Sahara is immense. In some places the water must be pumped over hills that are more than 300 feet [100 m] high. Engineers fear that within 50 years the wells will run dry. Water specialist Tony Allen calls the project a “national fantasy—it’s madness to use this water, which can never be replaced, for agriculture.” More Rats Than People The World Health Organization estimates that there are about 70 million rats, or several rats for every inhabitant, in São Paulo, Brazil, reports the newspaper Jornal da Tarde. As a result, when floods hit the city, diseases such as leptospirosis, a malady transmitted by the urine of rats, are common. “If the fight against the rats depended on just poison, it would be very simple to eliminate them,” says Minekazu Matsuo, director of the Control of Rodents and Disease-Bearers in São Paulo. However, when food and water abound, the poison does not help because the rats do not eat it. To terminate the rats, says Matsuo, it is essential to eliminate the garbage they feed on. Streets Not Lined With Gold Almost 34 million Americans now live in poverty, says the U.S. Census Bureau. This is the first time the poverty rate has increased in seven years, from 12.8 percent of the population in 1989 to 13.5 percent in 1990. The 1990 definition of poverty is earnings of $13,359 or less for a family of four. Two thirds of those under the poverty level were white, but blacks, at 32 percent, had the highest poverty rate of any racial or ethnic group. Of children, 1 in 5 lives below the poverty rate. AIDS and Breast-Feeding Mothers with AIDS can transmit the disease to their babies through breast-feeding at a rate far higher than previously thought possible, researchers say. The report, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, was based on a study of mothers in Kigali, capital of the Central African nation of Rwanda. Although the chance that the infants may be infected is as high as 50 percent, the risk of infant death from use of contaminated water in making infant formula is much higher. So breast-feeding in these areas is still recommended. Not all women infected with AIDS transmit the virus through their milk, and it is possible that the high rate of transmission was due to the fact that the women on which the study was based first tested positive for AIDS three months or more after giving birth. The number of viruses in the body is highest when just infected.
Be Compelled by God’s “Indescribable Free Gift”	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2016043	Be Compelled by God’s “Indescribable Free Gift” “Thanks be to God for his indescribable free gift.”—2 COR. 9:15. SONGS: 121, 63 HOW WOULD YOU ANSWER? What does Christ’s love motivate us to do? How does God’s love motivate us to love our brothers? Why should God’s forgiveness motivate us to forgive our brothers? 1, 2. (a) What does God’s “indescribable free gift” include? (b) What questions will we consider in this article? WHEN Jehovah sent his only-begotten Son to this earth, He gave what would become the greatest possible gift of love! (John 3:16; 1 John 4:9, 10) The apostle Paul called it God’s “indescribable free gift.” (2 Cor. 9:15) Why did he use that expression? 2 Paul knew that all the magnificent promises of God were guaranteed through the perfect sacrifice of Christ. (Read 2 Corinthians 1:20.) Thus, that “indescribable free gift” would include all the goodness and loyal love that Jehovah would extend to us through Jesus. Indeed, that gift is so awe-inspiring that it cannot be fully described in human terms. How should receiving such an extraordinary gift affect us? And in what practical ways should this gift motivate us as we prepare to observe the Memorial of Christ’s death on Wednesday, March 23, 2016? GOD’S SPECIAL GIFT 3, 4. (a) How do you feel when someone gives you a gift? (b) How might a special gift change your life? 3 When you receive a gift, you are no doubt filled with a range of emotions. However, some gifts may be so special or meaningful that they are truly life-changing. For example, imagine that you were facing execution because you had been implicated in a crime. Suddenly, a person whom you do not know steps out of the crowd and volunteers to accept the penalty for you. He is actually willing to die instead of you! What effect would such an outstanding gift have on you? 4 Receiving such an unselfish expression of love would no doubt compel you to reconsider your actions and even change the way you had been living your life. It would likely move you to be more generous and loving toward others and even to forgive any who had wronged you. For the rest of your life, you would feel indebted to the person who willingly took your place. 5. How is God’s gift of the ransom much greater than any other gift? 5 Yet, what Jehovah has given us through Christ is far greater than the gift described in this example. (1 Pet. 3:18) Consider why. Because of inherited sin, we are all facing the death penalty. (Rom. 5:12) Lovingly, Jehovah arranged for Jesus to come to the earth and “taste death for everyone.” (Heb. 2:9) Not only did Jehovah save our present life but he laid the basis for wiping out the cause of death forever. (Isa. 25:7, 8; 1 Cor. 15:22, 26) All who exercise faith in Jesus will receive everlasting life in peace and happiness as earthly subjects of God’s Kingdom by Christ or, for the anointed, as corulers in that Kingdom. (Rom. 6:23; Rev. 5:9, 10) What other blessings are included in this gift from Jehovah? 6. (a) What blessings of Jehovah’s gift do you look forward to? (b) Name three things God’s gift will motivate us to do. 6 Jehovah’s gift includes the curing of all our sicknesses, the transformation of our earth into a paradise, and the resurrection of the dead. (Isa. 33:24; 35:5, 6; John 5:28, 29) We surely love Jehovah and his dear Son for giving us what is an “indescribable free gift.” Yet, the question remains, What will God’s love move us to do? Let us consider how God’s love moves us (1) to follow the steps of Christ Jesus closely, (2) to express love for our brothers, and (3) to forgive others from the heart. “THE LOVE THE CHRIST HAS COMPELS US” 7, 8. How should we feel about the love of Christ, and what should it motivate us to do? 7 First, we must be compelled to live our lives for Christ Jesus. The apostle Paul stated: “The love the Christ has compels us.” (Read 2 Corinthians 5:14, 15.) Paul realized that we could not accept the extraordinary love of Christ without being compelled, or moved, to live for him. When our minds fully comprehend what Jehovah has done for us and our hearts are moved by his love, we desire to live our lives whole-souled for Christ Jesus. How do we show that desire? 8 Those who love Jehovah are compelled to imitate Christ’s example, walking as he walked and following his steps closely. (1 Pet. 2:21; 1 John 2:6) Through our obedience, we prove our love for God and Christ. Jesus said: “Whoever has my commandments and observes them is the one who loves me. In turn, whoever loves me will be loved by my Father, and I will love him and will clearly show myself to him.”—John 14:21; 1 John 5:3. 9. What pressures do we have? 9 During the Memorial season, we do well to meditate on our life course. Ask yourself: ‘In what areas am I doing well in following in the steps of Christ Jesus? In what areas could I improve?’ This self-examination is vital, as we are constantly being pressured to follow the ways of this world. (Rom. 12:2) If we are not careful, we could become disciples of this world’s philosophers or even of its celebrities and sports heroes. (Col. 2:8; 1 John 2:15-17) How can we resist those pressures? 10. What questions can we ask ourselves during this Memorial season, and what may the answers motivate us to do? (See opening picture.) 10 We can use the Memorial season as an opportunity to look through our wardrobe, our movie and music collections, perhaps even the material stored on our computers, smartphones, and tablets. As you look through your wardrobe, ask yourself: ‘If I were going to a place where Jesus would be present, would I feel uncomfortable wearing this clothing?’ (Read 1 Timothy 2:9, 10.) ‘If I did wear it, would it be obvious to all that I am a follower of Christ Jesus?’ We could ask ourselves similar questions about our choice of movies and music. ‘Would Jesus be entertained by watching this movie or by listening to this music? If he borrowed my cell phone or tablet, would I be embarrassed by what he saw there?’ As you consider the subject matter of a video game, ask yourself: ‘Would I find it difficult to explain to Jesus why I enjoy playing it?’ Our love for Jehovah should compel us to get rid of anything that would be inappropriate for a disciple of Christ, regardless of the cost involved. (Acts 19:19, 20) We promised at the time of our dedication that we would live no longer for ourselves but for Christ. Therefore, we should not cling to anything that could hinder us from following Christ’s steps closely.—Matt. 5:29, 30; Phil. 4:8. 11. (a) How does our love for Jehovah and Jesus motivate us in the preaching work? (b) How can our love motivate us to help others in the congregation? 11 Our love for Jesus also moves us to work whole-souled in the preaching and disciple-making work. (Matt. 28:19, 20; Luke 4:43) During the Memorial season, we will have the opportunity to serve as an auxiliary pioneer and spend 30 or 50 hours in the preaching work. Could you arrange your circumstances to do so? One 84-year-old widower did not feel that he could auxiliary pioneer because of his age and poor health. Nonetheless, the pioneers in his area rallied to his aid. They provided transportation and carefully chose territory that he could work, so that he could meet his 30-hour goal. Could you reach out and help someone in your congregation so that he or she could share in the joy of auxiliary pioneering during the Memorial season? Of course, not all of us may be able to auxiliary pioneer. Even so, we can use whatever time and energy we have to increase our sacrifice of praise to Jehovah. By doing this, we show that we, like Paul, are motivated by the love of Christ. What else will God’s love move us to do? WE ARE OBLIGATED TO LOVE ONE ANOTHER 12. God’s love motivates us to do what? 12 Second, God’s love would compel us to express love for our brothers. The apostle John recognized this. He wrote: “Beloved ones, if this is how God loved us, then we are also under obligation to love one another.” (1 John 4:7-11) Yes, we cannot properly accept God’s love without recognizing our obligation to love our brothers. (1 John 3:16) How can we demonstrate our love in practical ways? 13. What example did Jesus set in loving others? 13 Consider the example of Jesus. During his earthly ministry, he gave special attention to lowly ones. He reached out to those with physical infirmities—the lame, the blind, the deaf, and the speechless. (Matt. 11:4, 5) Jesus took pleasure in teaching spiritually hungry ones, those who were viewed by the Jewish religious leaders as “accursed people.” (John 7:49) He loved these lowly ones and worked hard to minister to them.—Matt. 20:28. Can you help an older brother or sister in the ministry? (See paragraph 14) 14. What can you do to show love for your brothers? 14 The Memorial season provides an opportunity to imitate Jesus by taking time to consider the brothers and sisters in your own congregation. As you do so, you will no doubt see some who could benefit from your love. Perhaps there are elderly brothers and sisters who need help. Could you visit these dear ones? Could you bring them a meal, help them with a household chore, offer them a ride to the meeting, or invite them to share with you in the ministry? (Read Luke 14:12-14.) We must let God’s love move us to reach out and express our love for our brothers. SHOW MERCY TO OUR BROTHERS AND SISTERS 15. What must we recognize? 15 Third, Jehovah’s love must compel us to forgive our brothers and sisters. As children of the first man, Adam, we have all inherited sin and its penalty, death. Not one of us can say, “I do not need the ransom.” Even the most faithful servant of God is completely dependent on Jehovah’s undeserved kindness through Christ. Each of us must recognize that we have been forgiven an enormous debt. Why is this important? The answer is found in one of Jesus’ parables. 16, 17. (a) What should we learn from Jesus’ illustration of the king and the slaves? (b) After meditating on Jesus’ illustration, what are you determined to do? 16 Jesus related how a king had forgiven his slave a huge debt of 10,000 talents, or 60,000,000 denarii. Yet, that slave who was forgiven so much was not willing to forgive the much smaller debt of his fellow slave, 100 denarii. The king was furious when he learned of the hardheartedness of the slave he had mercifully forgiven. The king said: “Wicked slave, I canceled all that debt for you when you pleaded with me. Should you not also have shown mercy to your fellow slave as I showed mercy to you?” (Matt. 18:23-35, ftn.) Yes, the extraordinary mercy of the king should have compelled that slave to forgive his fellow slave. Similarly, what should Jehovah’s love and mercy compel us to do? 17 The Memorial season provides us with an opportunity to consider if we are harboring some resentment against any of our brothers or sisters. If so, what a fine time this would be to imitate Jehovah, who is “ready to forgive.” (Neh. 9:17; Ps. 86:5) If we appreciate what Jehovah has done for us in canceling our own enormous debt, then we will want to forgive others from our heart. We simply cannot receive the love and forgiveness of God unless we love and forgive others. (Matt. 6:14, 15) While it is true that forgiving will not change the past, it will certainly change our future for the good. 18. How did God’s love help one sister to put up with the imperfections of another sister? 18 For many of us, daily “putting up with” our brothers and sisters may be a challenge. (Read Colossians 3:13, 14; Ephesians 4:32.) For example, Lily is a single sister in the congregation who willingly helped a widow named Carol.[1] Lily provided Carol with transportation, ran errands for her, and demonstrated kindness in many other practical ways. In spite of all that Lily did, Carol was consistently critical and hard to deal with. Nonetheless, Lily focused on Carol’s good qualities. She continued to assist her for several years until Carol became seriously ill and died. “Even so,” Lily says, “I look forward to seeing Carol in the resurrection. I want to know her when she is perfect.” Yes, God’s love can compel us to put up with our brothers and sisters and to look forward to the time when human imperfection will be gone forever. 19. How will God’s “indescribable free gift” motivate you? 19 We have truly received an “indescribable free gift” from Jehovah. May we never take this precious gift for granted. Instead, especially during this Memorial season, may we meditate appreciatively on all that Jehovah and Jesus have done for us. Yes, may their love compel us to follow the steps of Jesus closely, to reach out and express our love for our brothers, and to forgive our brothers from the heart. ^ [1] (paragraph 18) Some names in this article have been changed.
Help for Hospital Workers Who Are Coping With Stress	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/500200112	Help for Hospital Workers Who Are Coping With Stress Bryn, who lives in North Carolina, U.S.A., is a member of a local Hospital Liaison Committee, which works closely with hospitals in caring for the needs of patients who are Jehovah’s Witnesses. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, many hospitals did not allow visitors to enter. Bryn phoned the director of pastoral care at a local hospital to find out how he might provide support to Witness patients. Bryn’s call was put through to the director’s assistant. Considering the restrictions on visitation, Bryn asked if his phone number could be given to Witness patients so that he could speak to them. The answer was yes. Bryn then thought about the hospital staff. He told the assistant that he appreciated the work the hospital was doing and that he hoped they were in good health. He added that he had read how people everywhere, especially hospital workers, were experiencing great stress because of the pandemic. The assistant confirmed that COVID-19 had made life extremely stressful at the hospital. Bryn then said: “Our website has information that can help people deal with stress. If you go to jw.org and type ‘stress’ in the Search field, you will find some encouraging articles for your staff.” While they were talking, the assistant went to the website, typed the word “stress” in the Search field, and saw the articles featured. “Wow!” he said. “I’ll show this to the director. This will be beneficial for our staff and others. I’m going to print copies and distribute them.” A few weeks later, Bryn spoke to the director, who confirmed that they had accessed the website and had printed copies of articles on stress and related subjects. They had shared them with nurses and other staff members at the hospital. Bryn said: “The director thanked me for our work and for the well-written articles. They were most helpful.”
“All Scripture” (si) 1990	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/books/all-scripture-si	Bible Book Number 3—Leviticus Writer: Moses Place Written: Wilderness Writing Completed: 1512 B.C.E. Time Covered: 1 month (1512 B.C.E.) 1. (a) Why is the name Leviticus fitting? (b) What other names have been given to Leviticus? THE most common name for the third book of the Bible is Leviticus, which comes from Leu·i·ti·konʹ of the Greek Septuagint by way of the Latin Vulgate’s “Leviticus.” This name is fitting, even though the Levites are given only passing mention (at 25:32, 33), for the book consists chiefly of the regulations of the Levitical priesthood, which was chosen from the tribe of Levi, and the laws that the priests taught the people: “For the lips of a priest are the ones that should keep knowledge, and the law is what people should seek from his mouth.” (Mal. 2:7) In the Hebrew text, the book is named from its opening expression, Wai·yiq·raʼʹ, literally, “And he proceeded to call.” Among the later Jews, the book was also called Law of the Priests and Law of Offerings.—Lev. 1:1, footnote. 2. What evidence supports Moses’ writership? 2 There is no question but that Moses wrote Leviticus. The conclusion, or colophon, states: “These are the commandments that Jehovah gave Moses.” (27:34) A similar statement is found at Leviticus 26:46. The evidence previously noted that proves that Moses wrote Genesis and Exodus also supports his writership of Leviticus, as the Pentateuch evidently was originally one scroll. Moreover, Leviticus is joined to the preceding books by the conjunction “and.” The strongest testimony of all is that Jesus Christ and other inspired servants of Jehovah frequently quote or refer to the laws and principles in Leviticus and attribute them to Moses.—Lev. 23:34, 40-43—Neh. 8:14, 15; Lev. 14:1-32—Matt. 8:2-4; Lev. 12:2—Luke 2:22; Lev. 12:3—John 7:22; Lev. 18:5—Rom. 10:5. 3. What time period is covered by Leviticus? 3 What time period does Leviticus cover? The book of Exodus concludes with the setting up of the tabernacle “in the first month, in the second year, on the first day of the month.” The book of Numbers (immediately following the Leviticus account) opens with Jehovah’s speaking to Moses “on the first day of the second month in the second year of their coming out of the land of Egypt.” It follows, therefore, that not more than a lunar month could have elapsed for the few events of Leviticus, most of the book consisting of laws and regulations.—Ex. 40:17; Num. 1:1; Lev. 8:1–10:7; 24:10-23. 4. When was Leviticus written? 4 When did Moses write Leviticus? It is reasonable to conclude that he kept a record of events as they took place and wrote down God’s instructions as he received them. This is implied by God’s command to Moses to write down the doom of the Amalekites right after Israel had defeated them in battle. An early date is also suggested by certain matters in the book. For example, the Israelites were commanded to bring animals that they wanted to use for food to the entrance of the tent of meeting for slaughtering. This command would be given and recorded shortly after the installation of the priesthood. Many instructions are given for guiding the Israelites during their wilderness journey. All of this points to Moses’ writing Leviticus during 1512 B.C.E.—Ex. 17:14; Lev. 17:3, 4; 26:46. 5. What purpose was served by the laws concerning sacrifices and ceremonial uncleanness? 5 Why was Leviticus written? Jehovah had purposed to have a holy nation, a sanctified people, set apart for his service. From the time of Abel, faithful men of God had been offering sacrifices to Jehovah, but first with the nation of Israel did Jehovah give explicit instructions regarding sin offerings and other sacrifices. These, as explained in detail in Leviticus, made the Israelites aware of the exceeding sinfulness of sin and impressed upon their minds how displeasing it made them to Jehovah. These regulations, as part of the Law, served as a tutor leading the Jews to Christ, showing them the need of a Savior and at the same time serving to keep them as a people separate from the rest of the world. Especially did God’s laws regarding ceremonial cleanness serve the latter purpose.—Lev. 11:44; Gal. 3:19-25. 6. Why was detailed guidance from Jehovah now a special need? 6 As a new nation journeying toward a new land, Israel needed proper direction. It was still less than a year from the Exodus, and the living standards of Egypt as well as its religious practices were fresh in mind. Marriage of brother and sister was practiced in Egypt. False worship was carried on in honor of many gods, some of them animal gods. Now this large congregation was on its way to Canaan, where life and religious practices were even more degrading. But look again at the encampment of Israel. Swelling the congregation were many who were pure or part Egyptian, a mixed multitude who were living right in among the Israelites and who had been born of Egyptian parents and were raised and schooled in the ways, religion, and patriotism of the Egyptians. Many of these had undoubtedly indulged in detestable practices in their homeland only a short time before. How necessary that they now receive detailed guidance from Jehovah! 7. In what way do the regulations of Leviticus bear the stamp of divine authorship? 7 Leviticus bears the stamp of divine inspiration throughout. Mere humans could not have devised its wise and just laws and regulations. Its statutes regarding diet, disease, quarantine, and treatment of dead bodies reveal a knowledge of facts not appreciated by worldly men of medicine until thousands of years later. God’s law regarding animals unclean for eating would protect the Israelites while they traveled. It would safeguard them against trichinosis from pigs, typhoid and paratyphoid from certain kinds of fish, and infection from animals found already dead. These practical laws were to direct their religion and their lives that they might remain a holy nation and reach and inhabit the Promised Land. History shows that the regulations provided by Jehovah gave the Jews a definite advantage over other peoples in the matter of health. 8. How do the prophetic outputs of Leviticus further prove inspiration? 8 The fulfillment of the prophecies and types in Leviticus further proves its inspiration. Both sacred and secular history record the fulfillment of the Leviticus warnings about the consequences of disobedience. Among other things, it foretold that mothers would eat their own children because of famine. Jeremiah indicates that this was fulfilled at the destruction of Jerusalem in 607 B.C.E., and Josephus tells of its happening at the city’s later destruction, in 70 C.E. The prophetic promise that Jehovah would remember them if they repented found its fulfillment in their return from Babylon in 537 B.C.E. (Lev. 26:29, 41-45; Lam. 2:20; 4:10; Ezra 1:1-6) Further testifying to the inspiration of Leviticus are quotations other Bible writers make from it as inspired Scripture. In addition to those previously noted in establishing Moses as the writer, please see Matthew 5:38; 12:4; 2 Corinthians 6:16; and 1 Peter 1:16. 9. How does Leviticus magnify Jehovah’s name and holiness? 9 The book of Leviticus consistently magnifies Jehovah’s name and sovereignty. No less than 36 times its laws are credited to Jehovah. The name Jehovah itself appears, on an average, ten times in each chapter, and time and again obedience to God’s laws is inculcated by the reminder, “I am Jehovah.” A theme of holiness runs throughout Leviticus, which mentions this requirement more often than any other Bible book. The Israelites were to be holy because Jehovah is holy. Certain persons, places, objects, and periods of time were set apart as holy. For example, the Day of Atonement and the Jubilee year were set aside as seasons of special observance in the worship of Jehovah. 10. What is stressed in connection with sacrifices, and what penalties for sin are noted? 10 In line with its emphasis on holiness, the book of Leviticus stresses the part that the shedding of blood, that is, the sacrifice of a life, played in the forgiveness of sins. The animal sacrifices were limited to creatures that were both domestic and clean. For certain sins confession, restoration, and the payment of a penalty were required in addition to a sacrifice. For still other sins, the penalty was death. outputS OF LEVITICUS 11. How may Leviticus be outlined? 11 Leviticus consists mostly of legislative writing, much of which is also prophetic. In the main the book follows a topical outline and may be divided into eight sections, which follow one another quite logically. 12. What kinds of blood sacrifices are there, and how must they be offered? 12 Regulations for sacrifices (1:1–7:38). The various sacrifices fall into two general categories: blood, consisting of cattle, sheep, goats, and fowl; and bloodless, consisting of grain. The blood sacrifices are to be offered as either (1) burnt, (2) communion, (3) sin, or (4) guilt offerings. All four have these three things in common: The offerer must himself bring it to the entrance of the tent of meeting, he must lay his hands upon it, and then the animal is to be slaughtered. Following the sprinkling of the blood, the carcass must be disposed of according to the kind of sacrifice. Let us now consider the blood sacrifices in turn. 13-16. (a) Outline the requirements for (1) burnt offerings, (2) communion sacrifices, (3) sin offerings, and (4) guilt offerings. (b) In connection with blood sacrifices, what is repeatedly forbidden? 13 (1) Burnt offerings may consist of a young bull, ram, goat, or pigeon or of a turtledove, depending upon the means of the offerer. It is to be cut in pieces and, except for the skin, is to be burned in its entirety upon the altar. In the case of a turtledove or a pigeon, the head must be nipped off but not severed, and the crop and feathers must be removed.—1:1-17; 6:8-13; 5:8. 14 (2) The communion sacrifice may be either a male or a female, of the cattle or of the flocks. Only its fatty parts will be consumed upon the altar, a certain portion going to the priest and the rest being eaten by the offerer. It is well termed a communion sacrifice, for by it the offerer shares a meal, or has communion, as it were, with Jehovah and with the priest.—3:1-17; 7:11-36. 15 (3) A sin offering is required for unintentional sins, or sins committed by mistake. The type of animal offered depends upon whose sin is being atoned for—that of the priest, the people as a whole, a chieftain, or an ordinary person. Unlike the voluntary burnt and communion offerings for individuals, the sin offering is mandatory.—4:1-35; 6:24-30. 16 (4) Guilt offerings are required to cover personal guilt due to unfaithfulness, deception, or robbery. In some instances guilt requires confession and a sacrifice according to one’s means. In others, compensation equivalent to the loss plus 20 percent and the sacrifice of a ram are required. In this section of Leviticus dealing with the offerings, the eating of blood is emphatically and repeatedly forbidden.—5:1–6:7; 7:1-7, 26, 27; 3:17. 17. How are bloodless sacrifices to be offered? 17 The bloodless sacrifices are to consist of grain and are to be offered either whole roasted, coarse ground, or as fine flour; and they are to be prepared in various ways, such as baked, done on a griddle, or fried in deep fat. They are to be offered with salt and oil and at times with frankincense, but they must be wholly free of leaven or honey. With some sacrifices a portion will belong to the priest.—2:1-16. 18. With what faith-strengthening spectacle is the installation of the priesthood climaxed? 18 Installation of the priesthood (8:1–10:20). The time now comes for a great occasion in Israel, the installation of the priesthood. Moses handles it in all its detail, just as Jehovah commanded him. “And Aaron and his sons proceeded to do all the things that Jehovah had commanded by means of Moses.” (8:36) After the seven days occupied with the installation, there comes a miraculous and faith-strengthening spectacle. The whole assembly is present. The priests have just offered up sacrifice. Aaron and Moses have blessed the people. Then, look! “Jehovah’s glory appeared to all the people, and fire came out from before Jehovah and began consuming the burnt offering and the fatty pieces upon the altar. When all the people got to see it, they broke out into shouting and went falling upon their faces.” (9:23, 24) Indeed, Jehovah is worthy of their obedience and worship! 19. What transgression takes place, followed by what? 19 Yet there are transgressions of the Law. For example, Aaron’s sons Nadab and Abihu offer illegitimate fire before Jehovah. “At this a fire came out from before Jehovah and consumed them, so that they died before Jehovah.” (10:2) In order to offer acceptable sacrifice and enjoy Jehovah’s approval, people and priest alike must follow Jehovah’s instructions. Right after this, God gives the command that priests must not drink alcoholic beverages while serving at the tabernacle, implying that intoxication may have contributed to the wrongdoing of Aaron’s two sons. 20, 21. What regulations cover cleanness and proper hygiene? 20 Laws on cleanness (11:1–15:33). This section deals with ceremonial and hygienic cleanness. Certain animals, both domestic and wild, are unclean. All dead bodies are unclean and cause those who touch them to become unclean. The birth of a child also brings uncleanness and requires separation and special sacrifices. 21 Certain skin diseases, such as leprosy, also cause ceremonial uncleanness, and cleansing is to apply not only to persons but even to clothing and houses. Quarantining is required. Menstruation and seminal emissions likewise result in uncleanness, as do running discharges. Separateness is required in these cases, and on recovery, in addition, the washing of the body or offering of sacrifices or both are required. 22. (a) Why is chapter 16 outstanding? (b) What is the Atonement Day procedure? 22 Day of Atonement (16:1-34). This is an outstanding chapter, for it contains the instructions for Israel’s most important day, the Day of Atonement, which falls on the tenth day of the seventh month. It is a day to afflict the soul (most likely by fasting), and on it no secular work will be permitted. It begins with the offering of a young bull for the sins of Aaron and his household, the tribe of Levi, followed by the offering of a goat for the rest of the nation. After the burning of incense, some of the blood of each animal is to be brought, in turn, into the Most Holy of the tabernacle, to be sprinkled before the Ark’s cover. Later the animal carcasses must be taken outside the camp and burned. On this day a live goat is also to be presented before Jehovah, and upon it all the sins of the people are to be pronounced, after which it is to be led off into the wilderness. Then two rams must be offered as burnt offerings, one for Aaron and his household and the other for the rest of the nation. 23. (a) Where do we find one of the Bible’s most explicit statements on blood? (b) What other regulations follow? 23 Statutes on blood and other matters (17:1–20:27). This section sets out many statutes for the people. Once again blood is prohibited in one of the most explicit statements on blood to be found anywhere in the Scriptures. (17:10-14) Blood may properly be used on the altar, but not for eating. Detestable practices, such as incest, sodomy, and bestiality, are forbidden. There are regulations for the protection of the afflicted, the lowly, and the alien, and the command is given, “You must love your fellow as yourself. I am Jehovah.” (19:18) The social and economic well-being of the nation is guarded, and spiritual dangers, such as the worship of Molech and spiritism, are outlawed, with death as the penalty. Again God emphasizes separateness for his people: “And you must prove yourselves holy to me, because I Jehovah am holy; and I am proceeding to divide you off from the peoples to become mine.”—20:26. 24. What does Leviticus outline as to priestly qualifications and seasonal feasts? 24 The priesthood and festivals (21:1–25:55). The next three chapters deal chiefly with Israel’s formal worship: the statutes governing the priests, their physical qualifications, whom they may marry, who may eat holy things, and the requirements for sound animals to be used in sacrifices. Three national seasonal feasts are commanded, providing occasions to “rejoice before Jehovah your God.” (23:40) As one man, the nation in this way will turn attention, praise, and worship to Jehovah, strengthening its relationship with him. These are feasts to Jehovah, annual holy conventions. The Passover, along with the Festival of Unfermented Cakes, is set for early spring; Pentecost, or the Festival of Weeks, follows in the late spring; and the Atonement Day and eight-day Festival of Booths, or of Ingathering, are in the fall. 25. (a) How is it shown that “the Name” must be held in honor? (b) What regulations involve the number “seven”? 25 In chapter 24, instruction is given concerning the bread and oil to be used in the tabernacle service. There follows the incident in which Jehovah rules that anyone abusing “the Name”—yes, the name Jehovah—must be stoned to death. He then states the law of punishment in kind, “eye for eye, tooth for tooth.” (24:11-16, 20) In chapter 25, regulations are found regarding the year-long Sabbath, or rest year, to be held every 7th year and the Jubilee every 50th year. In this 50th year, liberty must be proclaimed in all the land, and hereditary property that was sold or surrendered during the past 49 years must be restored. Laws protecting the rights of the poor and of slaves are given. In this section the number “seven” appears prominently—the seventh day, the seventh year, festivals of seven days, a period of seven weeks, and the Jubilee, to come after seven times seven years. 26. In what does Leviticus reach its climax? 26 Consequences of obedience and disobedience (26:1-46). The book of Leviticus reaches its climax in this chapter. Jehovah here lists the rewards for obedience and the punishments for disobedience. At the same time, he holds out hope for the Israelites if they humble themselves, saying: “I will remember in their behalf the covenant of the ancestors whom I brought forth out of the land of Egypt under the eyes of the nations, in order to prove myself their God. I am Jehovah.”—26:45. 27. How does Leviticus conclude? 27 Other statutes (27:1-34). Leviticus concludes with instructions on handling vow offerings, on the firstborn for Jehovah, and on the tenth part that becomes holy to Jehovah. Then comes the brief colophon: “These are the commandments that Jehovah gave Moses as commands to the sons of Israel in Mount Sinai.”—27:34. WHY BENEFICIAL 28. Of what benefit is Leviticus to Christians today? 28 As a part of the inspired Scriptures, the book of Leviticus is of great benefit to Christians today. It is of wonderful help in appreciating Jehovah, his attributes, and his ways of dealing with his creatures, as he so clearly demonstrated with Israel under the Law covenant. Leviticus states many basic principles that will always apply, and it contains many prophetic patterns, as well as prophecies, that are faith strengthening to consider. Many of its principles are restated in the Christian Greek Scriptures, some of them being directly quoted. Seven outstanding points are discussed below. 29-31. How does Leviticus emphasize respect for Jehovah’s (a) sovereignty, (b) name, and (c) holiness? 29 (1) Jehovah’s sovereignty. He is the Lawgiver, and we as his creatures are accountable to him. Rightly he commands us to be in fear of him. As the Universal Sovereign, he brooks no rivalry, be that in the form of idolatry, spiritism, or other aspects of demonism.—Lev. 18:4; 25:17; 26:1; Matt. 10:28; Acts 4:24. 30 (2) Jehovah’s name. His name is to be kept holy, and we dare not bring reproach upon it by words or by actions.—Lev. 22:32; 24:10-16; Matt. 6:9. 31 (3) Jehovah’s holiness. Because he is holy, his people must also be holy, that is, sanctified, or set apart for his service. This includes keeping separate from the godless world around us.—Lev. 11:44; 20:26; Jas. 1:27; 1 Pet. 1:15, 16. 32-34. What principles are outlined as to (a) sin, (b) blood, and (c) relative guilt? 32 (4) The exceeding sinfulness of sin. It is God who determines what is sin, and we must strive against it. Sin always requires an atoning sacrifice. In addition, it also requires of us confession, repentance, and making amends to the extent possible. For certain sins there can be no forgiveness.—Lev. 4:2; 5:5; 20:2, 10; 1 John 1:9; Heb. 10:26-29. 33 (5) The sanctity of blood. Because blood is sacred, it may not be taken into the body in any form. The only use permitted for blood is as an atonement for sin.—Lev. 17:10-14; Acts 15:29; Heb. 9:22. 34 (6) Relativity in guilt and punishment. Not all sins and sinners were considered in the same light. The higher the office, the greater the responsibility and penalty for sin. Willful sin was punished more severely than unintentional sin. Penalties were often graded according to ability to pay. This principle of relativity also applied in fields other than sin and punishment, such as in ceremonial uncleanness.—Lev. 4:3, 22-28; 5:7-11; 6:2-7; 12:8; 21:1-15; Luke 12:47, 48; Jas. 3:1; 1 John 5:16. 35. How does Leviticus sum up our duties toward our fellowman? 35 (7) Justice and love. Summing up our duties toward our fellowman, Leviticus 19:18 says: “You must love your fellow as yourself.” This takes in everything. It precludes showing partiality, stealing, lying, or slandering, and it requires showing consideration to the handicapped, the poor, the blind, and the deaf.—Lev. 19:9-18; Matt. 22:39; Rom. 13:8-13. 36. What proves Leviticus to be beneficial for the Christian congregation? 36 Also proving that Leviticus is outstandingly “beneficial for teaching, for reproving, for setting things straight, for disciplining in righteousness” in the Christian congregation are the repeated references made to it by Jesus and his apostles, notably Paul and Peter. These called attention to the many prophetic patterns and shadows of things to come. As Paul noted, “the Law has a shadow of the good things to come.” It sets forth “a typical representation and a shadow of the heavenly things.”—2 Tim 3:16; Heb. 10:1; 8:5. 37. What fulfillments of types are described in Hebrews? 37 The tabernacle, the priesthood, the sacrifices, and especially the annual Atonement Day had typical significance. Paul, in his letter to the Hebrews, helps us to identify the spiritual counterparts of these things in relation to “the true tent” of Jehovah’s worship. (Heb. 8:2) The chief priest Aaron typifies Christ Jesus “as a high priest of the good things that have come to pass, through the greater and more perfect tent.” (Heb. 9:11; Lev. 21:10) The blood of the animal sacrifices foreshadows the blood of Jesus, which obtains “everlasting deliverance for us.” (Heb. 9:12) The innermost compartment of the tabernacle, the Most Holy, into which the high priest entered only on the annual Day of Atonement to present the sacrificial blood, is “a copy of the reality,” “heaven itself,” to which Jesus ascended “to appear before the person of God for us.”—Heb. 9:24; Lev. 16:14, 15. 38. How were the typical sacrifices fulfilled in Jesus? 38 The actual sacrificial victims—sound, unblemished animals offered as burnt or sin offerings—represent the perfect unblemished sacrifice of the human body of Jesus Christ. (Heb. 9:13, 14; 10:1-10; Lev. 1:3) Interestingly, Paul also discusses the feature of the Atonement Day where the carcasses of animals for the sin offering were taken outside the camp and burned. (Lev. 16:27) “Hence Jesus also,” writes Paul, “suffered outside the gate. Let us, then, go forth to him outside the camp, bearing the reproach he bore.” (Heb. 13:12, 13) By such inspired interpretation, the ceremonial procedures outlined in Leviticus take on added significance, and we can indeed begin to comprehend how marvelously Jehovah there made awesome shadows pointing forward to realities that could be made plain only by the holy spirit. (Heb. 9:8) Such proper understanding is vital for those who are to benefit by the provision for life that Jehovah makes through Christ Jesus, the “great priest over the house of God.”—Heb. 10:19-25. 39. How does Leviticus blend in with “all Scripture” in making known Jehovah’s Kingdom purposes? 39 Like Aaron’s priestly household, Jesus Christ as High Priest has underpriests associated with him. These are spoken of as “a royal priesthood.” (1 Pet. 2:9) Leviticus clearly points to and explains the sin-atoning work of Jehovah’s great High Priest and King and the requirements laid upon the members of His household, who are spoken of as “happy and holy” and as being ‘priests of God and of the Christ and ruling as kings with him for the thousand years.’ What blessings that priestly work will accomplish in lifting obedient mankind up to perfection, and what happiness that heavenly Kingdom will bring by restoring peace and righteousness to the earth! Surely, we must all thank the holy God, Jehovah, for his arranging for a High Priest and King and a royal priesthood to declare abroad His excellencies in sanctification of His name! Truly, Leviticus blends in wonderfully with “all Scripture” in making known Jehovah’s Kingdom purposes.—Rev. 20:6.
Isaiah’s Prophecy I (ip-1) 2000	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ip-1	Chapter Five Jehovah Humiliates Self-Exalted Ones Isaiah 2:6–4:1 1, 2. Why is the prophetic message of Isaiah to the Jews of his day of interest to us? DISGUSTED with the condition of Jerusalem and Judah, the prophet Isaiah now turns to Jehovah God and declares: “You have forsaken your people, the house of Jacob.” (Isaiah 2:6a) What has provoked God to reject the people whom he himself had chosen as his “special property”?—Deuteronomy 14:2. 2 Isaiah’s denunciation of the Jews of his time is of great interest to us. Why? Because the condition of Christendom today is very similar to that of Isaiah’s people, and so is the judgment that Jehovah pronounces. Paying attention to Isaiah’s proclamation will give us a clear understanding of what God condemns and will help us to shun practices that he disapproves of. With keen anticipation, then, let us consider Jehovah’s prophetic word as recorded at Isaiah 2:6–4:1. In Pride They Bow Down 3. What error of his people does Isaiah confess? 3 Confessing the error of his people, Isaiah says: “They have become full of what is from the East, and they are practicers of magic like the Philistines, and with the children of foreigners they abound.” (Isaiah 2:6b) Some 800 years earlier, Jehovah had commanded his chosen people: “Do not make yourselves unclean by any of these things [by which] the nations whom I am sending out from before you have made themselves unclean.” (Leviticus 18:24) Concerning those whom he had selected as his special property, Jehovah forced Balaam to say: “From the top of the rocks I see them, and from the hills I behold them. There as a people they keep tabernacling isolated, and among the nations they do not reckon themselves.” (Numbers 23:9, 12) Yet, by Isaiah’s day Jehovah’s chosen ones have adopted the abominable practices of the surrounding nations and are “full of what is from the East.” Rather than putting faith in Jehovah and his word, they are practicing “magic like the Philistines.” Far from keeping separate from the nations, the land ‘abounds’ with “the children of foreigners”—doubtless, foreigners who introduce ungodly practices to God’s people. 4. Rather than causing them to thank Jehovah, how do riches and military strength affect the Jews? 4 Noting the current economic prosperity and the military strength of Judah under King Uzziah, Isaiah states: “Their land is filled with silver and gold, and there is no limit to their treasures. And their land is filled with horses, and there is no limit to their chariots.” (Isaiah 2:7) Do the people thank Jehovah for such wealth and military strength? (2 Chronicles 26:1, 6-15) Far from it! Instead, they put their trust in the wealth itself and turn away from its Source, Jehovah God. The result? “Their land is filled with valueless gods. To the work of one’s hands they bow down, to that which one’s fingers have made. And earthling man bows down, and man becomes low, and you cannot possibly pardon them.” (Isaiah 2:8, 9) They turn their faces away from the living God and bow down to lifeless idols. 5. Why is bowing down to idols not an act of humility? 5 Bowing down can be a sign of humility. But bowing down to lifeless things is futile, making the idol worshiper “low,” degenerate. How can Jehovah pardon such a sin? What will these idolaters do when Jehovah calls them to account? ‘Haughty Eyes Must Become Low’ 6, 7. (a) What happens to self-exalted ones on the day of Jehovah’s judgment? (b) Upon what and whom does Jehovah express his anger, and why? 6 Isaiah continues: “Enter into the rock and hide yourself in the dust because of the dreadfulness of Jehovah, and from his splendid superiority.” (Isaiah 2:10) But no rock will be big enough to protect them, no cover thick enough to conceal them, from Jehovah, the Almighty. When he comes to execute his judgment, “the haughty eyes of earthling man must become low, and the loftiness of men must bow down; and Jehovah alone must be put on high in that day.”—Isaiah 2:11. 7 “The day belonging to Jehovah of armies” is coming. It will be a time for God to express his anger “upon all the cedars of Lebanon that are lofty and lifted up and upon all the massive trees of Bashan; and upon all the lofty mountains and upon all the hills that are lifted up; and upon every high tower and upon every fortified wall; and upon all the ships of Tarshish and upon all desirable boats.” (Isaiah 2:12-16) Yes, every organization raised up by man as a symbol of his pride and every ungodly individual will be given attention in the day of Jehovah’s wrath. Thus, “the haughtiness of the earthling man must bow down, and the loftiness of men must become low; and Jehovah alone must be put on high in that day.”—Isaiah 2:17. 8. How does the foretold day of judgment come upon Jerusalem in 607 B.C.E.? 8 The foretold day of judgment comes upon the Jews in 607 B.C.E. when Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar destroys Jerusalem. The inhabitants see their beloved city aflame, its proud buildings demolished, its mighty wall smashed. The temple of Jehovah is reduced to rubble. Neither their treasures nor their chariots amount to anything on “the day belonging to Jehovah of armies.” And their idols? It happens just as Isaiah foretells: “The valueless gods themselves will pass away completely.” (Isaiah 2:18) The Jews—princes and mighty men included—are taken into exile to Babylon. Jerusalem is to lie desolate for 70 years. 9. In what way is the condition of Christendom similar to that of Jerusalem and Judah in Isaiah’s day? 9 How similar the condition of Christendom is to that of Jerusalem and Judah in Isaiah’s day! Christendom has certainly cultivated a close relationship with the nations of this world. She is an enthusiastic supporter of the United Nations and has filled her house with idols and unscriptural practices. Her adherents are materialistic and put their confidence in military might. And do they not view their clergy as worthy of great distinction, attributing to them inputs and honors? Christendom’s self-exaltation will without fail be brought to nothing. But when? The Impending “Day of Jehovah” 10. To what “day of Jehovah” do the apostles Paul and Peter point? 10 The Scriptures point to a “day of Jehovah” that will be of far greater significance than the day of judgment upon ancient Jerusalem and Judah. The apostle Paul, under inspiration, associated the coming “day of Jehovah” with the presence of the enthroned King Jesus Christ. (2 Thessalonians 2:1, 2) Peter spoke of that day in connection with the establishment of ‘new heavens and a new earth in which righteousness is to dwell.’ (2 Peter 3:10-13) It is the day on which Jehovah will execute his judgment upon the entire wicked system of things, including Christendom. 11. (a) Who will “hold up under” the upcoming “day of Jehovah”? (b) How can we make Jehovah our refuge? 11 “Alas for the day,” says the prophet Joel, “because the day of Jehovah is near, and like a despoiling from the Almighty One it will come!” In view of the imminence of that “day,” should not security during that fear-inspiring time concern everyone? “Who can hold up under it?” asks Joel. He answers: “Jehovah will be a refuge for his people.” (Joel 1:15; 2:11; 3:16) Will Jehovah God be a refuge for those who have a haughty spirit and who put their confidence in riches, military might, and man-made gods? Impossible! God abandoned even his chosen people when they acted in this way. How vital that all of God’s servants “seek righteousness, seek meekness,” and examine seriously the place of Jehovah’s worship in their lives!—Zephaniah 2:2, 3. “To the Shrewmice and to the Bats” 12, 13. Why is it fitting for the idol worshipers to throw their gods “to the shrewmice and to the bats” on the day of Jehovah? 12 How will idol worshipers view their idols during Jehovah’s great day? Isaiah answers: “People will enter into the caves of the rocks and into the holes of the dust because of the dreadfulness of Jehovah and from his splendid superiority, when he rises up for the earth to suffer shocks. In that day the earthling man will throw his worthless gods of silver and his valueless gods of gold . . . to the shrewmice and to the bats, in order to enter into the holes in the rocks and into the clefts of the crags, because of the dreadfulness of Jehovah and from his splendid superiority, when he rises up for the earth to suffer shocks. For your own sakes, hold off from the earthling man, whose breath is in his nostrils, for on what basis is he himself to be taken into account?”—Isaiah 2:19-22. 13 Shrewmice live in holes in the ground, and bats roost in dark and desolate caves. Moreover, where a large number of bats roost in one place, there is a repulsive smell and a buildup of thick layers of droppings. Casting idols into such places is fitting. A place of darkness and uncleanness is all that they deserve. As for the people, they will seek refuge in caves and clefts in the rock on the day of Jehovah’s judgment. So the fate of the idols and their worshipers will be the same. True to Isaiah’s prophecy, lifeless idols saved neither their worshipers nor Jerusalem from Nebuchadnezzar’s hands in 607 B.C.E. 14. During the upcoming day of Jehovah’s judgment upon the world empire of false religion, what will worldly-minded men do? 14 During the coming day of Jehovah’s judgment upon Christendom and other segments of the world empire of false religion, what will people do? Faced with deteriorating conditions earth wide, most will likely come to realize that their idols are valueless. In place of these, they may well seek refuge and protection in nonspiritual, earthly organizations, perhaps including the United Nations, the “scarlet-colored wild beast” of Revelation chapter 17. It is “the ten horns” of that symbolic wild beast that will destroy Babylon the Great, the world empire of false religion, of which Christendom is a significant part.—Revelation 17:3, 8-12, 16, 17. 15. How will Jehovah alone “be put on high” in his day of judgment? 15 Although the devastating and burning of Babylon the Great may be the direct work of those symbolic ten horns, it is, in fact, the execution of Jehovah’s judgment. Concerning Babylon the Great, Revelation 18:8 states: “That is why in one day her plagues will come, death and mourning and famine, and she will be completely burned with fire, because Jehovah God, who judged her, is strong.” So to Jehovah God, the Almighty, goes the credit for liberating mankind from domination by false religion. As Isaiah states, “Jehovah alone must be put on high in that day. For it is the day belonging to Jehovah of armies.”—Isaiah 2:11b, 12a. ‘Leaders Are Causing You to Wander’ 16. (a) What constitute the “support and stay” of a human society? (b) How will Isaiah’s people suffer from the removal of the “support and stay” of their society? 16 For a human society to be stable, it must have its “support and stay”—such necessities as food and water and, more important, trustworthy leaders who are able to guide the people and maintain social order. Concerning ancient Israel, though, Isaiah foretells: “Look! the true Lord, Jehovah of armies, is removing from Jerusalem and from Judah support and stay, the whole support of bread and the whole support of water, mighty man and warrior, judge and prophet, and practicer of divination and elderly man, chief of fifty and highly respected man and counselor and expert in magical arts, and the skilled charmer.” (Isaiah 3:1-3) Mere boys will become princes and rule capriciously. Not only will the rulers oppress the people but “the people will actually tyrannize one over the other . . . They will storm, the boy against the old man, and the lightly esteemed one against the one to be honored.” (Isaiah 3:4, 5) Children “storm” against their elders, lacking respect for them. So low will be the condition of life that one will say to another who has no qualification for rulership: “You have a mantle. A dictator you ought to become to us, and this overthrown mass should be under your hand.” (Isaiah 3:6) But the ones thus invited will refuse, insisting that they have neither the ability to heal the wounded land nor the wealth to handle the responsibility. They will say: “I shall not become a wound dresser; and in my house there is neither bread nor a mantle. You men must not set me as dictator over the people.”—Isaiah 3:7. 17. (a) In what sense was the sin of Jerusalem and Judah “like that of Sodom”? (b) Whom does Isaiah blame for the condition of his people? 17 Isaiah continues: “Jerusalem has stumbled, and Judah itself has fallen, because their tongue and their dealings are against Jehovah, in behaving rebelliously in the eyes of his glory. The very expression of their faces actually testifies against them, and of their sin like that of Sodom they do tell. They have not hidden it. Woe to their soul! For they have dealt out to themselves calamity.” (Isaiah 3:8, 9) God’s people have rebelled against the true God in words and deeds. Even the shameless and unrepentant expressions on their faces expose their sins, which are as disgusting as those of Sodom. They are in a covenant with Jehovah God, yet he will not change his standards for them. “It will be well with the righteous one, for they will eat the very fruitage of their dealings. Woe to the wicked one!—Calamity; for the treatment rendered by his own hands will be rendered to him! As for my people, its task assigners are dealing severely, and mere women actually rule over it. O my people, those leading you on are causing you to wander, and the way of your paths they have confused.”—Isaiah 3:10-12. 18. (a) What judgment does Jehovah pronounce upon the elders and the princes of Isaiah’s day? (b) What lesson do we learn from Jehovah’s judgment of the elders and the princes? 18 To the elders and the princes in Judah, Jehovah ‘passes sentence’ and ‘enters into judgment’: “You yourselves have burned down the vineyard. What was taken by robbery from the afflicted one is in your houses. What do you men mean in that you crush my people, and that you grind the very faces of the afflicted ones?” (Isaiah 3:13-15) Instead of working for the welfare of the people, leaders engage in deceitful practices. They misuse their authority by enriching themselves and depriving the poor and needy. But these leaders must answer to Jehovah of armies for their oppression of the afflicted. What a warning this is to those in positions of responsibility today! May they be ever careful not to misuse their authority. 19. Of what oppression and persecution has Christendom been guilty? 19 Christendom—particularly her clergy and principal ones—has fraudulently acquired much that should belong to the common people, whom she has oppressed and continues to oppress. She has also beaten, persecuted, and maltreated the people of God and has brought great reproach upon Jehovah’s name. In his due time, Jehovah will certainly enter into judgment against her. “A Brand Mark Instead of Prettiness” 20. Why does Jehovah denounce “the daughters of Zion”? 20 After denouncing the wrongs of the leaders, Jehovah turns to the women of Zion, or Jerusalem. Apparently for reasons of fashion, “the daughters of Zion” wear “step chains”—chainlets fastened to their ankles—which make a melodious tinkling sound. The women restrict their stride and walk along “with tripping steps,” cultivating what might be considered a genteel feminine gait. What, if anything, is wrong with this? It is the attitude of these women. Jehovah says: “The daughters of Zion have become haughty and they walk with their throats stretched forth and ogling with their eyes.” (Isaiah 3:16) Such haughtiness does not escape retribution. 21. How does Jehovah’s judgment of Jerusalem affect the Jewish women? 21 Hence, when Jehovah’s judgment comes upon the land, these haughty “daughters of Zion” will lose everything—even the beauty of which they are so proud. Jehovah prophesies: “Jehovah also will actually make the crown of the head of the daughters of Zion scabby, and Jehovah himself will lay their very forehead bare. In that day Jehovah will take away the beauty of the bangles and the headbands and the moon-shaped ornaments, the eardrops and the bracelets and the veils, the headdresses and the step chains and the breastbands and the ‘houses of the soul’ [probably perfume receptacles] and the ornamental humming shells [or, charms], the finger rings and the nose rings, the robes of state and the overtunics and the cloaks and the purses, and the hand mirrors and the undergarments and the turbans and the large veils.” (Isaiah 3:17-23; see footnotes.) What a tragic reversal! 22. Besides their ornaments, what else do the women of Jerusalem lose? 22 The prophetic message goes on to say: “Instead of balsam oil there will come to be merely a musty smell; and instead of a belt, a rope; and instead of an artistic hair arrangement, baldness; and instead of a rich garment, a girding of sackcloth; a brand mark instead of prettiness.” (Isaiah 3:24) In 607 B.C.E., the proud women of Jerusalem fall from wealth to poverty. They lose their freedom and receive “a brand mark” of slavery. “She Will Certainly Be Cleaned Out” 23. What does Jehovah proclaim concerning Jerusalem? 23 Speaking now to the city of Jerusalem, Jehovah proclaims: “By the sword your own men will fall, and your mightiness by war. And her entrances will have to mourn and express sorrow, and she will certainly be cleaned out. She will sit down on the very earth.” (Isaiah 3:25, 26) The men of Jerusalem, even her mighty ones, will be slain in battle. The city will be leveled to the ground. For “her entrances,” it will be a time to “mourn and express sorrow.” Jerusalem will be “cleaned out” and laid desolate. 24. The loss of men by the sword has what drastic consequences for the women of Jerusalem? 24 The loss of men by the sword will have drastic consequences for the women of Jerusalem. Concluding this part of his prophetic book, Isaiah foretells: “Seven women will actually grab hold of one man in that day, saying: ‘We shall eat our own bread and wear our own mantles; only may we be called by your name to take away our reproach.’” (Isaiah 4:1) The shortage of marriageable men will become so severe that several women will attach themselves to one man in order to be called by his name—that is, to be publicly known as his wives—and thus be free of the reproach of being without a husband. The Mosaic Law required that a husband provide sustenance and clothing for his wife. (Exodus 21:10) However, agreeing to ‘eat their own bread and wear their own clothing,’ these women are willing to release the man from his legal obligations. What a desperate situation for the once haughty “daughters of Zion”! 25. What is in the offing for self-exalted ones? 25 Jehovah humiliates self-exalted ones. In 607 B.C.E., he does indeed make the haughtiness of his chosen people “bow down” and cause their “loftiness” to become “low.” May true Christians never forget that “God opposes the haughty ones, but he gives undeserved kindness to the humble ones.”—James 4:6. [Picture on page 50] Idols, riches, and military prowess do not save Jerusalem on the day of Jehovah’s judgment [Picture on page 55] On “the day of Jehovah,” the world empire of false religion will be devastated
My Bible Lessons (mb) 2013	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/my-bible-lessons-mb	Lesson 2 Printed Edition Genesis 7:7-10; 8:15-17 See the animals near Noah’s ark. Which ones moo, and which ones bark? Every animal, short and tall, Noah’s ark saved them all. ACTIVITIES Read to your child: Genesis 7:7-10; 8:15-17 Have your child point to: Bear Dog Elephant Giraffe Lion Monkey Pig Sheep Zebra Rainbow Have your child imitate the sounds of the following animals: Dog Lion Monkey Pig Sheep
HOW YOUR DONATIONS ARE USED A Small Box That Delivers Spiritual Food	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502500201	HOW YOUR DONATIONS ARE USED A Small Box That Delivers Spiritual Food SEPTEMBER 1, 2020 Jehovah’s Witnesses receive more spiritual food in digital form than ever before. But in many parts of the world, our brothers cannot afford Internet access. Others live in areas with frequent outages, slow Internet speeds, or no Internet at all. Nevertheless, many of our brothers and sisters can now download digital publications even without an Internet connection! How is this possible? JW Box is a small kit that is provided to congregations where Internet access is limited. It contains a router device purchased from a commercial firm, software developed by the Computer Department at Bethel, and digital publications and videos available on jw.org. Each box costs approximately $75 U.S. At the Kingdom Hall, brothers and sisters connect their mobile devices to JW Box wirelessly and then download publications and videos. Even those who have older or inexpensive devices can connect. But if a congregation lacks Internet access, how does JW Box stay up-to-date? The branch periodically sends USB keys, which cost about $4 U.S. each, with new output from jw.org that can be loaded onto JW Box. How has JW Box helped our brothers? Nathan Adruandra, a father who lives in the Democratic Republic of Congo, explains: “I tried for a long time to download the dramas ‘O Jehovah, . . . I Trust in You’ and Remember the Wife of Lot. But I was never successful, and that discouraged me. Now I can download these videos to my phone, and this helps us as parents to teach our children better.” A brother who helps congregations in Nigeria to set up JW Box says: “The brothers consider JW Box to be a special gift from Jehovah. They are thrilled that they can now easily download publications and videos from the Teaching Toolbox.” Over 1,700 kits have been sent to our brothers in Africa, Oceania, and South America, and plans are underway to send them to many more congregations. How are the costs of this arrangement covered? By donations to the worldwide work, many of which are made via donate.jw.org. Thank you for your generous support.
Satisfying Life (la) 2001	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/la	A Satisfying Life—How to Attain It
Tormented Minds	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102004001	Tormented Minds NICOLE has had bouts of dark moods since she was 14 years old. At age 16, however, she began to experience something new—a curious state of euphoria and unusually high energy. Racing thoughts, fragmented speech, and a lack of sleep were accompanied by an unfounded suspicion that her friends were taking advantage of her. Next, Nicole claimed that she could change the color of objects at will. At this point Nicole’s mother realized that medical help was needed, so she took Nicole to the hospital. After closely monitoring Nicole’s shifting moods, doctors finally reached a diagnosis: Nicole was suffering from bipolar disorder.a Like Nicole, millions of people worldwide are afflicted with a mood disorder—either bipolar disorder or some form of clinical depression. The effects of these ailments can be devastating. “For many years I was in pain,” says a bipolar patient named Steven. “I experienced terrible lows and then euphoric highs. Therapy and medication helped, but it was still a struggle.” What causes mood disorders? What is it like to be afflicted with depression or bipolar disorder? How can sufferers—and their caregivers—be provided with the support that they need? [Footnote] a Also called manic-depressive disorder. Please note that some of these symptoms could indicate schizophrenia, drug abuse, or even normal adolescent adjustment. A diagnosis should be reached only after a thorough examination by a qualified professional.
Trinity (ti) 1989	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/trinity-ti	Should You Believe It? DO YOU believe in the Trinity? Most people in Christendom do. After all, it has been the central doctrine of the churches for centuries. In view of this, you would think that there could be no question about it. But there is, and lately even some of its supporters have added fuel to the controversy. Why should a subject like this be of any more than passing interest? Because Jesus himself said: “Eternal life is this: to know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent.” So our entire future hinges on our knowing the true nature of God, and that means getting to the root of the Trinity controversy. Therefore, why not examine it for yourself?—John 17:3, Catholic Jerusalem Bible (JB). Various Trinitarian concepts exist. But generally the Trinity teaching is that in the Godhead there are three persons, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost; yet, together they are but one God. The doctrine says that the three are coequal, almighty, and uncreated, having existed eternally in the Godhead. Others, however, say that the Trinity doctrine is false, that Almighty God stands alone as a separate, eternal, and all-powerful being. They say that Jesus in his prehuman existence was, like the angels, a separate spirit person created by God, and for this reason he must have had a beginning. They teach that Jesus has never been Almighty God’s equal in any sense; he has always been subject to God and still is. They also believe that the holy ghost is not a person but God’s spirit, his active force. Supporters of the Trinity say that it is founded not only on religious tradition but also on the Bible. Critics of the doctrine say that it is not a Bible teaching, one history source even declaring: “The origin of the [Trinity] is entirely pagan.”—The Paganism in Our Christianity. If the Trinity is true, it is degrading to Jesus to say that he was never equal to God as part of a Godhead. But if the Trinity is false, it is degrading to Almighty God to call anyone his equal, and even worse to call Mary the “Mother of God.” If the Trinity is false, it dishonors God to say, as noted in the book Catholicism: “Unless [people] keep this Faith whole and undefiled, without doubt [they] shall perish everlastingly. And the Catholic Faith is this: we worship one God in Trinity.” There are good reasons, then, why you should want to know the truth about the Trinity. But before examining its origin and its claim of truthfulness, it would be helpful to define this doctrine more specifically. What, exactly, is the Trinity? How do supporters of it explain it? [Pictures on page 2] Left: Egyptian sculpture of the second millennium (B.C.E.) Triad of Amon-Ra, Ramses II, and Mut. Right: Fourteenth century (C.E.) Trinity sculpture of Jesus Christ, the Father, and the holy spirit. Note, three persons but only four legs.
Creation (ce) 1985	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ce	Chapter 10 Evidence From a Unique Planet 1, 2. What do observers say about our planet Earth? OUR planet Earth is truly a wonder—a rare, beautiful jewel in space. Astronauts have reported that, viewed from space, the earth’s blue skies and white clouds “made it by far the most inviting object they could see.”⁠1 2 However, it is much more than just beautiful. “The greatest of all cosmological scientific puzzles, confounding all our efforts to comprehend it, is the earth,” wrote Lewis Thomas in Discover. He added: “We are only now beginning to appreciate how strange and splendid it is, how it catches the breath, the loveliest object afloat around the sun, enclosed in its own blue bubble of atmosphere, manufacturing and breathing its own oxygen, fixing its own nitrogen from the air into its own soil, generating its own weather.”⁠2 3. What does the book The Earth say about our planet, and why? 3 Also of interest is this fact: Of all the planets in our solar system, only on Earth have scientists found life. And what marvelous, abundant varieties of living things there are—microscopic organisms, insects, plants, fish, birds, animals and humans. In addition, the earth is a vast storehouse of wealth that contains everything needed to sustain all that life. Truly, as the book The Earth expressed it, “The earth is the wonder of the universe, a unique sphere.”⁠3 4. What illustration can be used to show how unique the earth is, and what conclusion must we draw? 4 To illustrate how unique the earth is, imagine that you are in a barren desert, devoid of all life. Suddenly you come upon a beautiful house. The house has air conditioning, heating, plumbing and electricity. Its refrigerator and cupboards are filled with food. Its basement contains fuel and other supplies. Now, suppose you asked someone where all of this came from, in such a barren desert. What would you think if that person answered, “It just happened to appear there by chance”? Would you believe that? Or would you take for granted that it had a designer and builder? 5. What Biblical illustration is appropriate to our planet Earth? 5 All the other planets that scientists have probed are devoid of life. But Earth teems with life, sustained by very complex systems that provide light, air, heat, water and food, all in exquisite balance. It shows evidence of having been specially built to accommodate living things comfortably—like a magnificent house. And logically, as one of the Bible’s penmen argues: “Every house is constructed by someone, but he that constructed all things is God.” Yes, the infinitely greater and more amazing “house”—our planet Earth—requires the existence of a remarkably intelligent designer and builder, God.—Hebrews 3:4. 6. How have some acknowledged that the planet Earth does give evidence of intelligent design? 6 The more that scientists examine the planet Earth and its life, the more they realize that it is indeed superbly designed. Scientific American marvels: “As we look out into the universe and identify the many accidents of physics and astronomy that have worked together to our benefit, it almost seems as if the universe must in some sense have known that we were coming.”⁠4 And Science News admitted: “It seems as if such particular and precise conditions could hardly have arisen at random.”⁠5 Right Distance From the Sun 7. How does the earth receive just the right amount of energy in the form of light and heat from the sun? 7 Among the many precise conditions vital to life on the earth is the amount of light and heat received from the sun. The earth gets only a small fraction of the sun’s energy. Yet, it is just the right amount required to sustain life. This is because the earth is just the right distance from the sun—an average 93,000,000 miles. If the earth were much closer to the sun or farther away from it, temperatures would be too hot or too cold for life. 8. Why is the earth’s orbital speed around the sun so vital? 8 As it orbits the sun once a year the earth travels at a speed of about 66,600 miles an hour. That speed is just right to offset the gravitational pull of the sun and keep the earth at the proper distance. If that speed were decreased, the earth would be pulled toward the sun. In time, Earth could become a scorched wasteland like Mercury, the planet closest to the sun. Mercury’s daytime temperature is over 600 degrees Fahrenheit. However, if Earth’s orbital speed were increased, it would move farther away from the sun and could become an icy waste like Pluto, the planet whose orbit reaches farthest from the sun. Pluto’s temperature is about 300 degrees below zero Fahrenheit. 9. Why is it important that the earth rotate on its axis with a certain frequency? 9 In addition, the earth consistently makes a complete rotation on its axis every 24 hours. This provides regular periods of light and darkness. But what if the earth rotated on its axis, say, only once a year? It would mean that the same side of the earth would be facing the sun all year long. That side would likely become a furnacelike desert, while the side away from the sun would likely become a sub-zero wasteland. Few, if any, living things could exist in those extreme circumstances. 10. How does the earth’s tilt affect climate and crops? 10 As Earth rotates on its axis, it is tilted 23.5 degrees in relation to the sun. If the earth were not tilted, there would be no change of seasons. Climate would be the same all the time. While this would not make life impossible, it would make it less interesting and would drastically change the present crop cycles in many places. If the earth were tilted much more, there would be extremely hot summers and extremely cold winters. But the tilt of 23.5 degrees allows for the delightful changing of seasons with their interesting variety. In many parts of the earth there are refreshing springtimes with plants and trees awakening and beautiful flowers coming into bloom, warm summers that allow for all kinds of outdoor activity, crisp autumn weather with gorgeous displays of leaves changing colors, and winters with beautiful scenes of snow-draped mountains, forests and fields. Our Amazing Atmosphere 11. What makes the earth’s atmosphere so unique? 11 Also unique—indeed, amazing—is the atmosphere that surrounds our earth. No other planet in our solar system has it. Nor does our moon. That is why astronauts needed space suits to survive there. But no space suits are needed on the earth, because our atmosphere contains the right proportions of gases that are absolutely essential for life. Some of those gases, by themselves, are deadly. But because air contains safe proportions of these gases, we can breathe them without harm. 12. (a) How is it evident that we have just the right amount of oxygen? (b) What vital function does nitrogen have? 12 One of those gases is oxygen, making up 21 percent of the air we breathe. Without it, humans and animals would die within minutes. But too much oxygen would endanger our existence. Why? Pure oxygen becomes toxic if breathed too long. In addition, the more oxygen there is, the more easily things burn. If there were too much oxygen in the atmosphere, combustible materials would become highly flammable. Fires would easily burst forth and would be difficult to control. Wisely, oxygen is diluted with other gases, especially nitrogen, which makes up 78 percent of the atmosphere. But nitrogen is much more than just a dilutant. During thunderstorms, millions of lightning bolts occur earth wide every day. This lightning causes some nitrogen to combine with oxygen. The compounds produced are carried to the earth by rain, and plants make use of them as fertilizer. 13. What part does the right amount of carbon dioxide play in the life cycle? 13 Carbon dioxide makes up less than one percent of the atmosphere. What good is such a small amount? Without it, plant life would die. That small amount is what plants need to take in, giving off oxygen in return. Humans and animals breathe in the oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. An increasing percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would tend to be harmful to humans and animals. A decreasing percentage could not support plant life. What a marvelous, precise, self-sustaining cycle has been arranged for plant, animal and human life! 14, 15. How does the atmosphere serve as a protective shell? 14 The atmosphere does more than sustain life. It serves as a protective shell too. About 15 miles above the ground, a thin layer of ozone gas filters out harmful radiation from the sun. Without this ozone layer, such radiation could destroy life on earth. Also, the atmosphere shields the earth from bombardment by meteors. Most meteors never reach the ground because they burn up in their descent through the atmosphere, appearing to us as falling stars. Otherwise, millions of meteors would strike all parts of the earth, resulting in extensive damage to life and property. 15 In addition to being a protective shell, the atmosphere keeps the warmth of the earth from being lost to the coldness of space. And the atmosphere is itself kept from escaping by the earth’s gravitational pull. That gravity is just strong enough to accomplish this, but not so strong that our freedom of movement is hampered. 16. What can be said about the beauty of the sky? 16 Not only is the atmosphere vital for life, but one of the more beautiful sights is the changing sky. Its scope and grandeur simply stagger the imagination. The earth is enveloped with the sky’s endlessly majestic and colorful panoramas. In the east a golden glow announces the dawn, while the western sky bids the day farewell in glorious displays of pink, orange, red and purple. White billowy, cottonlike clouds proclaim a fine spring or summer day; an autumn mantle of clouds like lamb’s wool says that winter is approaching. At night the sky is magnificent in its starry splendor, and a moonlit night has a beauty all its own. 17. How did a writer comment on the sky, and to whom does the credit belong? 17 What an amazing provision our earth’s atmosphere is, in every way! As a writer in The New England Journal of Medicine commented: “Taken all in all, the sky is a miraculous achievement. It works, and for what it is designed to accomplish it is as infallible as anything in nature. I doubt whether any of us could think of a way to improve on it, beyond maybe shifting a local cloud from here to there on occasion.”⁠6 This comment calls to mind what a man millenniums ago recognized when confronted with such remarkable things—that they are “the wonderful works of the One perfect in knowledge.” He meant, of course, “the Creator of the heavens and the Grand One stretching them out.”—Job 37:16; Isaiah 42:5. Water—An Extraordinary Substance 18. What are some qualities of water that make it extraordinary? 18 The earth contains vast supplies of water with properties essential for life. It is more abundant than any other substance. Among its many advantageous qualities is that it occurs as a gas (water vapor), a liquid (water), and a solid (ice)—all within earth’s temperature range. Too, the thousands of raw materials that humans, animals and plants need must be transported in a fluid, such as blood or sap. Water is most ideal for this because it will dissolve more substances than any other liquid. Without water, nutrition could not continue, since living organisms depend on water to dissolve the substances on which they feed. 19. What unusual quality does freezing water have, and why is that so important? 19 Water is also extraordinary in the way it freezes. As water in lakes and seas cools, it becomes heavier and sinks. This forces the lighter, warmer water to rise to the top. Yet, as water approaches the freezing point, the process reverses! The colder water now becomes lighter and rises. When it freezes into ice, it floats. The ice acts as an insulator and keeps the deeper waters underneath from freezing, thus protecting marine life. Without this unique quality, every winter more and more ice would sink to the bottom where the sun’s rays could not melt it the following summer. Soon, much of the water in rivers, lakes and even the oceans would become solid ice. The earth would turn into an icy planet that would be inhospitable to life. 20. How is rain formed, and why does the size of raindrops show thoughtful design? 20 Extraordinary, too, is the way that regions far from rivers, lakes and seas get life-sustaining water. Every second, the sun’s heat changes thousands of millions of gallons of water into vapor. This vapor, lighter than air, floats upward and forms clouds in the sky. Wind and air currents move these clouds, and, under the right conditions, the moisture drops as rain. But raindrops tend to grow only to a certain size. What if this were not so, and raindrops became gigantic in size? That would be disastrous! Instead, rain usually comes down in the right size, and gently, seldom hurting even a blade of grass or the most delicate flower. What masterful, considerate design is evident in water!—Psalm 104:1, 10-14; Ecclesiastes 1:7. “The Productive Land” 21, 22. What wisdom is shown in the makeup of “the productive land”? 21 One of the Biblical penmen describes God as “the One firmly establishing the productive land by his wisdom.” (Jeremiah 10:12) And this “productive land”—the soil of planet Earth—is impressive. Wisdom is evident in its makeup. Soil has qualities essential for plant growth. Plants combine the nutrients and water in the soil with carbon dioxide from the air, in the presence of light, to produce food.—Compare Ezekiel 34:26, 27. 22 The soil contains chemical elements that are needed to sustain human and animal life. But vegetation must first convert those elements into forms that can be assimilated by the body. Cooperating in this are tiny living organisms. And many millions of them can be found in just a spoonful of soil! They are of countless different designs, each working to convert dead leaves, grass and other waste matter back to usable form, or to loosen up the soil so that air and water can get in. Certain bacteria convert nitrogen into compounds that plants need for growth. Topsoil is improved as burrowing worms and insects continually bring up particles of subsoil to the surface. 23. What powers of restoration does the soil have? 23 True, because of misuse and other factors some soil is damaged. But this damage need not be permanent. The earth has amazing built-in powers of restoration. This can be noted in places where fires or volcanic eruptions have devastated the land. In time, these areas once again flourish with vegetation. And when pollution is controlled, land is restored, even land that was turned into a barren waste. Most important of all, to deal with the basic problem behind misuse of the soil, earth’s Creator has purposed to “bring to ruin those ruining the earth” and to preserve it as the eternal home he originally prepared for mankind.—Revelation 11:18; Isaiah 45:18. Not Just Chance 24. What questions can we ask about undirected chance? 24 In thinking over the foregoing, here are some things to consider: Was it undirected chance that placed the earth at just the right distance from the sun, its source of energy in the form of light and heat? Was it mere chance that caused the earth to move around the sun at just the right speed, to rotate on its axis every 24 hours, and to have just the correct angle of tilt? Was it chance that provided the earth with a protective, life-sustaining atmosphere having just the right mixture of gases? Was it chance that gave the earth the water and soil needed to grow food? Was it chance that provided so many delicious and colorful fruits, vegetables and other foods? Was it chance that caused so much beauty to exist in the sky, the mountains, the streams and lakes, the flowers, plants and trees, and in so many other delightful living things? 25. What conclusion about our unique planet have many people drawn? 25 Many have concluded that all of this could hardly be due to undirected chance. Instead, they see the unmistakable stamp of thoughtful, intelligent, deliberate design everywhere. Recognizing that, they feel it is only right that the beneficiaries “fear God and give him glory” because he is “the One who made the heaven and the earth and sea and fountains of waters.”—Revelation 14:7. [Blurb on page 129] “The earth is the wonder of the universe, a unique sphere” [Blurb on page 135] Without oxygen, humans and animals would die within minutes [Blurb on page 137] “The sky is a miraculous achievement” [Blurb on page 137] Without water, animals and plants could not get the nutrients they need [Blurb on page 141] The earth bears the unmistakable stamp of deliberate design [Full-page picture on page 128] [Picture on page 131] The earth’s orbital speed keeps it at just the right distance from the sun [Picture on page 136] A night sky can have a beauty all its own [Picture on page 138] Water sinks as it cools, but rises just before freezing. This prevents the earth from becoming a frozen planet [Picture on page 139] Light from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water and chemicals from the soil combine miraculously to produce food [Pictures on page 140] The earth has amazing powers of recovery. In a short time new growth emerges [Picture on page 141] Was it undirected chance that provided so many delightful things for our enjoyment? [Diagram/Picture on page 130] Since every house must have a designer and builder, what of our far more intricate and better-equipped earth? [Diagram] (For fully formatted text, see publication) Brick Skylight Wood Shingles Gutter Downspout Exterior Plaster Batten Wood Siding A, A-10 13, 1 12, 12 E, E, E, E [Diagram/Pictures on page 132, 133] The earth’s tilt allows for delightful seasonal changes Summer Autumn Winter Spring [Diagram] (For fully formatted text, see publication) 23.5° tilt [Diagram/Picture on page 134] Some gases would be deadly by themselves, but mixed together in the atmosphere they sustain life Makeup of earth’s atmosphere 78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 1% All other gases [Diagram] (For fully formatted text, see publication) The atmosphere shields the earth from harmful radiation and from meteors
Enjoy Life Forever! (lff) 2021	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/lff	How to get the most out of this Bible course Printed Edition First consider this overview, and then play the VIDEO. VIDEO: Welcome to Your Bible Study (2:45) FIRST PART To prepare for each lesson, read the first part. Bold questions (A) and scriptures (B) emphasize the main points. Note that some scriptures are marked to “read.” MIDDLE PART The initial statement (C) under Dig Deeper explains what follows. Subheadings (D) outline the discussion. With a teacher, read the scriptures, answer the questions, and watch the videos. VIDEO boxes direct you to multimedia that supplement the text. Some videos present real accounts. Others are dramatizations that do not portray real events or people but depict realistic situations. Consider the artwork and captions (E), and think of how to answer what Some People Say (F). LAST PART Summary and Review (G) wrap up the lesson. Enter the date when the lesson is completed. Goal (H) gives you something to work on. Explore (I) contains optional information for you to read or watch. outputs Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Endnotes How to find Bible verses The Bible is a collection of 66 smaller books. It is divided into two sections: the Hebrew-Aramaic Scriptures (“Old Testament”) and the Christian Greek Scriptures (“New Testament”). When a scripture is cited in this course, it is indicated by the name of the Bible book (A), followed by the chapter (B), and the verse or verses (C). For example, John 17:3 refers to the book of John, chapter 17, verse 3.
The Bible Changes Lives	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2013005	THE BIBLE CHANGES LIVES “I Have Finally Found True Freedom” As told by Brian Hewitt YEAR BORN: 1981 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN: UNITED STATES HISTORY: PRODIGAL SON MY PAST: I was born in Moundsville, a quiet town along the Ohio River in northern West Virginia, U.S.A. I was the second of four children, three of whom were boys, so there was seldom a dull moment in our home. My parents were hardworking, honest people with a love for others. We never had a lot financially, but we always had what we needed. As Jehovah’s Witnesses, my parents did their best to instill Bible principles in us when we were young. By the time I was an adolescent, however, my heart had already begun to be lured away from what I had been taught. I questioned whether a life guided by Bible principles could be meaningful or satisfying. I reasoned that absolute freedom was the only way to be truly happy. Before long, I stopped attending Christian meetings. Two of my siblings joined me in the same rebellious course. Our parents did everything they could to try to help us, but we rejected their efforts. Little did I realize that the so-called freedom I desired would lead me into the clutches of addiction. One day while I was walking home from school, a friend offered me a cigarette. I accepted. From that day forward, I said yes to many other destructive practices. In time, I was abusing drugs and alcohol and living immorally. Over the next several years, I progressively experimented with harder drugs and became a slave to many of them. Spiraling deeper into my addictions, I began selling drugs to support my lifestyle. As much as I tried to ignore my conscience, it regularly reminded me that the way I was living was wrong. Yet, I felt that the damage had been done and that there was no turning back. Despite being surrounded by people at parties and concerts, I would often feel alone and depressed. At times, I would think of how decent and good my parents are and wonder how I had strayed so far. HOW THE BIBLE CHANGED MY LIFE: Even though I had given up on myself, others had not. In the year 2000, my parents invited me to attend a district convention of Jehovah’s Witnesses. I reluctantly went along. To my surprise, so did my two siblings who had also strayed. While at the convention, it dawned on me that I had been to the same venue for a rock concert about a year earlier. The contrast I saw touched my deepest emotions. At the concert, the facility was littered with garbage and filled with cigarette smoke. Most of the concertgoers were unfriendly, and the message in the music was depressing. But at the convention, I was surrounded by genuinely happy people—people who warmly welcomed me, even though I hadn’t seen them in years. The facility was clean, and the message being presented was one of hope. Seeing the positive effect of Bible truth made me wonder why I had ever rejected it!—Isaiah 48:17, 18. “The Bible empowered me to stop using and selling drugs and become a productive member of society” Immediately following the convention, I decided to return to the Christian congregation. My siblings, also moved by what they had experienced at that convention, decided to return as well. All three of us accepted personal Bible studies. A Bible verse that especially moved me was James 4:8, which says: “Draw close to God, and he will draw close to you.” I realized that if I wanted to draw close to God, I would have to clean up my life. Among other changes, I needed to stop using tobacco and stop abusing drugs and alcohol.—2 Corinthians 7:1. I broke off my old friendships and replaced them with new ones—from among Jehovah’s worshippers. The Christian elder who studied the Bible with me was particularly helpful. He regularly phoned me and stopped by to see how I was doing. To this day, he is one of my closest friends. In the spring of 2001, I symbolized my dedication to God by water baptism, as did my two siblings. You can imagine the joy of my parents and faithful younger brother when our family was finally united in worshipping Jehovah. HOW I HAVE BENEFITED: I used to think that Bible principles are too restrictive, but I now regard them as an invaluable protection. The Bible empowered me to stop using and selling drugs and become a productive member of society. I have the privilege of being part of a worldwide brotherhood of Jehovah’s worshippers. These people truly love one another, and they are united in serving God. (John 13:34, 35) Out of that brotherhood came a very special blessing—my wife, Adrianne, whom I deeply love and cherish. It brings us much joy to serve our Creator together. Instead of pursuing a selfish course of life, I now volunteer as a full-time minister, teaching people how they too can benefit from God’s Word. This work has brought me the greatest happiness of all. I can say with tremendous conviction that the Bible changed my life. I have finally found true freedom.
What Does “an Eye for an Eye” Mean?	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502018137	What Does “an Eye for an Eye” Mean? The Bible’s answer The rule of “an eye for an eye” was part of God’s Law given by Moses to ancient Israel and was quoted by Jesus in his Sermon on the Mount. (Matthew 5:38, King James Version; Exodus 21:24, 25; Deuteronomy 19:21) It meant that when dealing out justice to wrongdoers, the punishment should fit the crime.a The rule applied to deliberate injurious acts against another person. Regarding a willful offender, the Mosaic Law stated: “Fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, the same sort of injury he inflicted should be inflicted on him.”—Leviticus 24:20. What was the purpose of the “eye for an eye” rule? Does the “eye for an eye” rule apply to Christians? Misconceptions about the “eye for an eye” rule Jesus corrects a wrong idea What was the purpose of the “eye for an eye” rule? The “eye for an eye” rule did not authorize or sanction vigilante justice. Rather, it helped appointed judges to impose punishments that were appropriate, being neither too harsh nor too lenient. The rule also served as a deterrent to any who would intentionally harm others or scheme to do so. “Those who remain [those who observed God’s justice being carried out] will hear and be afraid,” explained the Law, “and they will never again do anything bad like this among you.”—Deuteronomy 19:20. Does the “eye for an eye” rule apply to Christians? No, this rule is not binding on Christians. It was part of the Mosaic Law, which Jesus’ sacrificial death abolished.—Romans 10:4. Even so, the rule provides insight into God’s way of thinking. For example, it shows that God values justice. (Psalm 89:14) It also reveals his standard of justice—namely, that wrongdoers should be disciplined “to the proper degree.”—Jeremiah 30:11. Misconceptions about the “eye for an eye” rule Misconception: The “eye for an eye” rule was excessively harsh. Fact: The rule did not authorize a heavy-handed, cruel application of justice. Rather, when properly applied, it meant that qualified judges would impose retribution for an offense only after first considering the circumstances involved and the extent to which the offense was deliberate. (Exodus 21:28-30; Numbers 35:22-25) The “eye for an eye” rule thus acted as a restraint against extremes in punishment. Misconception: The “eye for an eye” rule authorized an endless cycle of personal vengeance. Fact: The Mosaic Law itself stated: “You must not take vengeance nor hold a grudge against the sons of your people.” (Leviticus 19:18) Rather than promoting personal vengeance, the Law encouraged people to trust in God and in the legal system that he had authorized to right any wrongs.—Deuteronomy 32:35. Jesus corrects a wrong idea Jesus knew that some had misinterpreted the rule of “an eye for an eye.” He corrected them when he said: “You heard that it was said: ‘Eye for eye and tooth for tooth.’ However, I say to you: Do not resist the one who is wicked, but whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other also to him.”—Matthew 5:38, 39. Note Jesus’ expression “you heard that it was said.” He was apparently referring to some Jewish religious leaders who taught retaliation. Bible scholar Adam Clarke noted: “It seems that the Jews had made this law [an eye for an eye] . . . a ground for authorizing private resentments, and all the excesses committed by a vindictive spirit.” By encouraging vindictiveness, those religious leaders distorted the intent of God’s Law.—Mark 7:13. In contrast, Jesus emphasized that love is the dominant spirit of God’s Law. He said: “‘You must love Jehovah your God . . .’ This is the greatest and first commandment. The second, like it, is this: ‘You must love your neighbor as yourself.’ On these two commandments the whole Law hangs.” (Matthew 22:37-40) Jesus taught that love, not vindictiveness, would identify his true followers.—John 13:34, 35. a This legal principle, sometimes referred to by the Latin term lex talionis, was also reflected in the legal system of some other ancient societies.
“Lace of the Land”	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101979008	“Lace of the Land” By “Awake!” correspondent in Brazil DO YOU see that woman sitting there, looking intently at something in front of her as her hands dart from side to side? What can she be doing? Shall we take a closer look? The woman has some sort of pillow or cushion in front of her. But it is what is on top of the cushion that has her full attention. We ask her what she is doing. Her reply? “Making lace of the land.” Because of the way in which it is made—on a pillow or a cushion—this product is also known as renda de almofada, or pillow lace. Some call it bobbin lace, hinting at the use of wooden sticks or bobbins in its production. Why “Lace of the Land”? Well, simply because it is made here in Brazil’s northeastern state of Ceará and is not brought in from other parts of the country or the world. It is a local product. This does not mean, however, that the same type of lace is unknown elsewhere. In fact, similar lace is produced in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina and in other countries. But handmade “lace of the land” and the lacemaker are so typical of Ceará State that there is a larger-than-life statue of a lacemaker by the side of the new Bank of Brazil building in Fortaleza City. How did the art of lacemaking get started here? It is believed that the wives of early Portuguese colonists introduced it. They may have learned the craft from the French. Since then, it has been handed down through the generations, mothers teaching their daughters, daughters teaching granddaughters, and so on. For centuries, this method has been so successful that the craft can be termed a home industry. More recently, however, many girls no longer want to learn lacemaking, as they prefer to pursue more lucrative occupations away from home. But let us watch a lacemaker in action. How Lace Is Made First, look at the indispensable tools—cushion, thread and bobbins. The cushion is elongated, about 60 centimeters (two feet) long and 30 centimeters (one foot) in diameter, and has a cylindrical shape. It is stuffed with palm straw and is covered with cloth. Some lacemakers have the cushion on the floor, and they themselves sit on the floor to work. Others put the cushion on a low stool or a chair and work while sitting on a stool or a chair. The thread generally used is cotton—fine for very fine lace, coarser for heavier lace. It can be any color, but white still predominates. To start with, a design is drawn on a strip of stiff paper, or a piece of such paper may just have holes pricked into it. This pattern is pinned onto the cushion. Next, pins are put into the holes according to the design. In the case of a pattern drawn on the paper, the pins are put into points of the design. The pins are moved down on the paper as the work progresses. By the way, you may have noticed that the pins are not ordinary sewing pins. Of course, these could be used, but they tend to rust and therefore are not satisfactory. Stiff plant spines, thistle thorns or fishbones are more suitable, as they serve the purpose and do not rust. The thread that is worked around the pins is held on notched sticks of wood, or bobbins, about 15 centimeters (six inches) long, with balls on the end shaped to fit the hand of the lacemaker. Before starting to make a new piece of lace, the lacemaker winds the thread on two bobbins, half on one, half on the other. The number of bobbins she uses depends on the design and on the width of the lace being made; the bobbins may number half a dozen or many dozens. And the length of the particular piece of lace being made determines the amount of thread the woman winds on. Of course, she can splice on more thread if needed, doing so with an almost invisible lace knot. The lacemaker’s skill and dexterity amaze us as she works swiftly, knowing just which bobbin to use next, when to twist it and how many twists to make with it before picking up the next one. Depending on the particular design or pattern, she works the bobbins to intertwine the threads so as to make dainty petals or a chain or a net effect. To protect the lace and keep it clean, she usually covers it with a cloth. As the lace grows longer, it is neatly folded under this cloth on the side of the cushion away from the lacemaker. Even if the lace becomes several meters (yards) long, it is not allowed to fall to the floor as it increases in length. Only the part actually being worked on is left exposed. Designs to Suit Every Taste and Purpose Both fine and heavier lace are made. Also, there is great variety in the designs and the width. This can vary from less than a centimeter (under half an inch) to 10 centimeters (four inches) or more. And not only straight pieces are made. The lace can have a scalloped edge, or it may be curved. It can also be made in the form of a square or a yoke. Squares and yokes intended for use in blouses can be made either all in one piece or in two halves that are then joined in the middle—so delicately joined, in fact, that only an experienced eye can tell that the pieces were not made all in one. Truly, making “lace of the land” is an art. Speaking of lace yokes, in shops and markets you can find lovely blouses trimmed with this beautiful lace. Some are lavishly decked with lace, whereas others have less. If you prefer, you can have a blouse made to order. Or maybe you would like a nightgown that is decorated with hand embroidery and delicate narrow strips of lace. Then there are beautiful tablecloths, doilies and bedspreads trimmed with lace or made entirely of lace. Whether you want something for yourself or are seeking a present for a friend, you will find an article to please you. It is easy to understand why this pretty lace is used so much locally and is in demand elsewhere, even outside Brazil. Rather than buying a garment, you may wish to buy some of the lace to use in your home sewing. You can purchase it either from someone who makes it or from a retailer. Then, too, you can buy as many centimeters or meters as you wish of the design and width that suit your fancy. Whatever you decide to make, be it a blouse, a dress, a skirt or something else, you can be sure it will be most pleasing to the eye and will win you many compliments if you trim it with some beautiful handmade lace. And, if you ever stop over in Fortaleza City, come and see busy girls and women making the lovely “lace of the land.”
Page Two	https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101984000	Page Two You often hear that interest in religion is on the decline. Yet it is claimed that worldwide there are about 20,000 different groups claiming to be Christian, and thousands upon thousands of non-Christian religions. It has been stated that 80 percent of the world’s population has some connection with one religion or another. Why are there so many religions? What is their fruitage? How does this affect each of us? The following articles will provide interesting information Many Religions—Their Influence Today 3 Many Religions—Why? 5 Many Religions—What Are Their Fruits? 8 Many Religions—What Does It Mean to You? 12

Subsets and Splits