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Sonar is used to find the location of an object.
Dolphins have an astonishing sonar capability.
Dolphins can find the location of an object. | h | qasc | What can find the location of an object?
Options:
a: observe it
b: sea squirts
c: animals
d: Jellyfish
e: radiography
f: Light
g: satellites
h: dolphins |
A human can throw a ball to a limited distance | Yes | feasibilityQA | Context: Henry threw a ball from his terrace.
Question: "The ball can reach his neighbor's house." -- Is this statement true? |
Even though the men are by a large speaker and there is a microphone, it does not mean a band is finsihing their set.
| I don't know | esnli | Consider the statement "A man in blue holds a microphone and stands next to another man in blue with an orange wristband in front of a large speaker.". Based on this "Two men are standing by the speaker listening to the band finish their set in front of the large crowd." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Answer :Just because the two dog fight over a stick does not mean that they fought on a lake beach.
| I don't know | esnli | Given the statement "Two dogs fight over a stick on a grassy field, a lake in the background.", is the statement "Two dogs fight on a lake beach." is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
Sentence 1: an african-american woman rides her moped. Sentence 2: The woman is riding her moped along a busy street.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "an african-american woman rides her moped.", what is the statement "The woman is riding her moped along a busy street." true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
One cannot assume that the women are conversating simply because one is standing while the other sits.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "A woman in standing on white steps, while anther one is sitting."
Hypothesis: Two women are conversating.
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
Two hunters carry their kill after a hunting trip rephrasing two jacketed men with double-barreled shotguns
| Yes | esnli | Context: Two jacketed men with double-barreled shotguns carry home prey that they have shot on a hunting trip on a muddy country road.
Hypothesis: Two hunters carry their kill after a hunting trip.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Stepping in something gross is never a good thing and especially gum on the sidewalk would be the worst thing possible. | No | FLUTE | Context: I stepped in gum someone spit on the sidewalk.
Hypothesis: I stepped in the best thing ever, someone's spitted gum on the sidewalk.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
Aggression is behavior that is intended to cause harm or pain.
Aggression aggression and violence often go together.
Behavior that is intended to cause harm or pain often includes violence. | violence | qasc | what does behavior intended to cause harm or pain often include?
- an object
- smoking
- jokes
- skin pricks
- animals
- vocalizing
- passiveness
- violence |
- Thick fur is a kind of fur
- Fur is a part of skin for keeping warm
- So, thick fur can be used for keeping warm
- An animal is a kind of living thing
- If a living thing becomes too cold then that living thing will die
- Therefore, if an animal becomes too cold then that animal will die
- If an animal becomes too cold then that animal will die
- Keeping warm is the opposite of becoming cold
- So, an animal requires warmth for survival
- An animal requires warmth for survival
- If the environmental temperature is too cold then an animal in that environment may become cold
- Therefore, an animal requires warmth for survival in cold temperatures
- Thick fur can be used for keeping warm
- An animal requires warmth for survival in cold temperatures
- So, thick fur is used by animals for keeping warm in cold temperatures
- Thick fur is used by animals for keeping warm in cold temperatures
- Winter has cold temperatures
- Hence, thick fur is used by animals for keeping warm in winter
- Thick fur is used by animals for keeping warm in winter
- When fur grows it becomes thicker
- Therefore, some animals' fur grows thicker for staying warm in the winter
Therefore, some animals' fur grows thicker for staying warm in the winter | keep warm | entailment_bank | Growing thicker fur in the winter helps some animals to
- Keeping warm is the opposite of becoming cold
- Thick fur is a kind of fur
- Fur is a part of skin for keeping warm
- If the environmental temperature is too cold then an animal in that environment may become cold
- When fur grows it becomes thicker
- An animal is a kind of living thing
- Winter has cold temperatures
- If a living thing becomes too cold then that living thing will die |
The man may not be the boy's father. he could be wearing a labor day shirt without being at a parade.
| I don't know | esnli | Given the statement "A small boy is getting a ride on the shoulders of a man wearing a blue Labor Day shirt.", is the statement "A boy rides on his father's shoulders at a parade." is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
Wings are part of the exoskeleton and attached to the thorax.
Spiracles are located on the abdomen and thorax.
Wings and spiracles share a location. | a | qasc | What shares a location with spiracles?
a: wings
b: pistons
c: white
d: bats
e: animals
f: insects
g: pollen
h: ovaries |
Basic words need to be learned before one can read. | 2 | senmaking | Choose the sentence that goes against common sense.
1: "jack can read books after learning basic words"
2: "jack can read books before learning basic words" |
Pic is a short version of picture. preparing to have his picture taken is another way to say posing for a pic. a museum would be considered a nice location.
| No | esnli | Given the statement "A man is posing for a pic in a museum.", is the statement "A man is preparing to have his picture taken in a nice location." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
There are many different Latin American countries, and a person can be Latin American but not Chilean.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: A young boy of Latin American origins wearing shorts and seated on a matte on the ground seems to be unpacking a container of tropical fruits.
Hypothesis: A Chilean youth is having a picnic and wearing shorts.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
If they are only pretending to be in the water, then it's not real, so they can't be really drowning underwater.
| Yes | esnli | Given the statement "Two people pretending to be in the water next to a door with fish cutouts.", is the statement "Two people are drowning underwater." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
The subject should be either the old man or the old woman. And the weather should be either rainy or sunny.
| Yes | esnli | Given the statement "An old man is walking home in the rain without an umbrella.", is the statement "An old woman walking in the sunshine." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed. | [2] | quartz | If a bright light were shined in a person's eye, would their pupil size
Options:
[1] grow
[2] shrink? |
If a person gets a high grade he/she studies as usual. | 1 | senmaking | Which of the following two sentences does not make sense?
1: "my son got a high grade, so he studied really hard"
2: "my son studied so hard, so he got a high grade" |
Since $2^3=8$ and $3^3=27$, we know that $2<\sqrt[3]{10}<3$. Then we find that $5^3=125$ and $6^3=216$, so $5<\sqrt[3]{200}<6$. We have $\sqrt[3]{10}<3$ and $5<\sqrt[3]{200}$. The whole numbers between $\sqrt[3]{10}$ and $\sqrt[3]{200}$ are $3,4,5$, for a total of $3$ whole numbers. | $3$ | competition-math | How many whole numbers are between $\sqrt[3]{10}$ and $\sqrt[3]{200}$? |
The man cannot simultaneously be climbing up a white glacier while also be lounging in his living room.
| No | esnli | Given the statement "A man donning an orange helmet is climbing up a white glacier.", is the statement "A man is lounging in his living room." is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
Saturated hydrocarbons are given the general name of alkanes . The name of specific alkanes always ends in – ane . The first part of the name indicates how many carbon atoms each molecule of the alkane has. The smallest alkane is methane. It has just one carbon atom. The next largest is ethane with two carbon atoms. The chemical formulas and properties of methane, ethane, and other small alkanes are listed in the Table below . The boiling and melting points of alkanes are determined mainly by the number of carbon atoms they have. Alkanes with more carbon atoms generally boil and melt at higher temperatures. | Mophane | ropes | Consider the following text:
Scientists are studying two alkanes in a laboratory, Mophane and Tripane. Scientists are analyzing the various characteristics of these alkanes to be used in future scientific studies. They discover that Mophane has more carbon atoms than Tripane. This information will definitely be useful in the future!
Which alkane has a higher melting point? |
第一杯的糖：$$200\times 30 \%=60$$（克）， 第二杯的糖：$$300\times 15 \%=45$$（克）， 两杯混到一起后浓度为 $$(45+60)\div (200+300)$$ $$=105\div 500$$ $$=0.21$$ $$=21 \%$$， 甜度为$$21$$． 故选$$\text{C}$$． | c | TAL-SCQ5K | 把一杯$$200$$克甜度是$$30 \%$$的糖水倒入另外一杯$$300$$克甜度是$$15 \%$$的糖水里，结果得到甜度是．
a) $$19$$
b) $$20$$
c) $$21$$
d) $$22$$ |
The increase in electrons across the periodic table explains why elements go from metals to metalloids and then to nonmetals from left to right across the table. Look at period 2 in Figure below as an example. Lithium (Li) is a metal, boron (B) a metalloid, and fluorine (F) and neon (Ne) are nonmetals. The inner energy level is full for all four elements. This level has just one orbital and can hold a maximum of two electrons. The outer energy level is a different story. This level has four orbitals and can hold a maximum of eight electrons. Lithium has just one electron in this level, boron has three, fluorine has seven, and neon has eight. | Increase | ropes | Context:
James is memorizing the periodic table and some of the features of the elements on it. He is currently working on the fourth row which starts with Potassium (K) on the far left and ends with Krypton (Kr) to the far right.
Q: Will the number of electrons in an element increase or decrease when going left to right in a row of the periodic table? |
One does not necessarily need to be sitting on a deck to look through the wooden bars of a deck. Just because one is looking through the wooden bars of a deck does not mean he is sitting in the sun.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the staetement "A young man with a goatee looks through the wooden bars of a deck with his eyes half shut.". Based on this statement, is "The man is sitting in the sun on the deck." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
People usually aspire to live in rich neighborhoods because it implies a certain level of success, however being aware that one will never be able to afford it could make someone feel sad and bothered about their current financial situation | No | FLUTE | Given the statement "I feel so envious when I drive through the rich neighborhoods and I know that I will never be able to live there.", what is the statement "It doesn't bother me at all when I drive through the rich neighborhoods and know that I will never be able to afford to live there because I love being poor!" true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
Just because a child wearing a blue shirt is playing ice hockey and had just shot a goal does not mean he is a player from MAssachusetts bantam league.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "A child wearing a blue shirt is playing ice hockey and had just shot a goal." Claim: "A player from a Massachusetts bantam league celebrates after scoring an overtime winner."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
The worker's sign might not concern safety or where the bicycle traffic should ride but some other message about bicycling.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "A construction worker holds a sign about bicycling." Claim: "A worker holds a safety sign regarding where bicycle traffic should ride"
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
The main law is the law of superposition. This law states that deeper rock layers are older than layers closer to the surface. | a | quartz | John was looking at the rock layers at the top of the cliff. He saw that as the layers became shallower, they also became
a. Newer
b. older |
When friends stop talking to someone, withou any specified reason it makes them feel neglected and not cared for. | Yes | FLUTE | Context: All of my friends aren't speaking to me and I don't know why.
Hypothesis: I feel really cared for right now because all my friends stopped talking to me and I don't know why
Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
East Antarctica is colder than its western counterpart because of its higher elevation. Weather fronts rarely penetrate far into the continent, leaving the centre cold and dry. Despite the lack of precipitation over the central portion of the continent, ice there lasts for extended periods. Heavy snowfalls are common on the coastal portion of the continent, where snowfalls of up to 1.22 metres (48 in) in 48 hours have been recorded. | Alpha | ropes | Two teams of scientists were in Antarctica to study the weather. Camp Alpha was located in East Antarctica, while camp Omega was situated in West Antarctica.
Which camp experienced more snowfall? |
Ants form symbiotic associations with a range of species, including other ant species, other insects, plants, and fungi. They also are preyed on by many animals and even certain fungi. Some arthropod species spend part of their lives within ant nests, either preying on ants, their larvae, and eggs, consuming the food stores of the ants, or avoiding predators. These inquilines may bear a close resemblance to ants. The nature of this ant mimicry (myrmecomorphy) varies, with some cases involving Batesian mimicry, where the mimic reduces the risk of predation. Others show Wasmannian mimicry, a form of mimicry seen only in inquilines. | Case a | ropes | Context: Greg was studying behavior of different organisms. He noticed that some organisms were showing inquiline behavior. He noted that behavior as case A. Then he noticed some other organisms didn't show any inquiline behavior. He noted that behavior as case B. He was astonished by the complicated interactions among organisms.
Question: Which case would see greater opportunity for food sources, case A or case B? |
If salt is added to a volume of water, there are more molecules in the same volume, so the water is denser. | 1 | quartz | When water absorbs salt the water becomes
Options:
1. more dense
2. less dense |
For making profit the selling price need to be higher than cost price | Yes | feasibilityQA | Kevin is a mobile manufacturer and manufactures mobiles by 279 dollars per unit.
Q: Is it true that "If he wants to make a profit then he can sell the mobile at 310 dollars." |
Either the boy piggy backed on the man or the man piggy backed on the boy but it can't be both at the same time.
| No | esnli | Context: With the dam in the distance, the boy piggy backed onto the man in the black jacket holding a frisbee.
Hypothesis: The man piggy backed on the boy.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Just because a man in black shorts is walking down the sidewalk does not imply that there is a gang member walking down the street.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A man in black shorts is walking down the sidewalk.", is the statement "There is a gang member walking down the street." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
Given the same force, an object with higher mass will have lower acceleration. | Yes | feasibilityQA | Context: Jonathan is relocating to a new home and has to push different boxes to his room. There are two boxes. The first box contains books and is significantly heavy than the second box which contains pillows. Acceleration of the lighter box is 13 units.
Question: "Acceleration of heavier box could be 7 units." -- Is this statement true? |
$$151+197+238-31=555$$是除数的倍数，$$555=3\times 5\times 37$$，由于余数和是$$31$$，检验$$37$$成立，商分别是$$4$$、$$5$$、$$6$$，所以和是$$15$$． | b | TAL-SCQ5K | 一个整数去除$$151$$、$$197$$、$$238$$所得$$3$$个余数的和是$$31$$，所得$$3$$个商的和是（~ ）．
a: $$12$$
b: $$15$$
c: $$18$$
d: $$21$$ |
A house being engulfed in flames is a terrible thing to happen as it causes destruction and people are usually shocked and upset instead of feeling cheerful. | False | FLUTE | Context: "I am still in shock after my house caught on fire." Claim: "My house was engulfed in flames, so that was something that really cheered me up."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
To run out of steam means to lose momentum and fail, which is what he did in this context. | True | FLUTE | Context: "Had he hit a wall and was no longer making any progress?" Claim: "Had he run out of steam?"
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
A mutation in the sex cells of a parent can cause a new trait to appear in the parent 's offspring.
Sex cells, also called gametes, are the sperm in males and the ova in females.
A mutation in the gametes of a parent can cause a new trait to appear in the parent 's offspring. | A | qasc | A mutation in the gametes of a parent can cause a new trait to appear where?
A) the offspring
B) generational
C) In chromosomes
D) birth defect
E) dormant state
F) Plant reproduction
G) twins
H) Most plants |
A construction worker standing on a wooden beam and looking down does not imply that the same man is building an entire house out of wood.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A construction worker stand upon a wooden beam and looks down.", what is the statement "A man is building a house out of wood" true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
East Antarctica is colder than its western counterpart because of its higher elevation. Weather fronts rarely penetrate far into the continent, leaving the centre cold and dry. Despite the lack of precipitation over the central portion of the continent, ice there lasts for extended periods. Heavy snowfalls are common on the coastal portion of the continent, where snowfalls of up to 1.22 metres (48 in) in 48 hours have been recorded. | Joe | ropes | Joe lived in East Antarctica while his buddy Jim lived in West Antarctica. They were both into collecting rare specimens of plants and wildlife. They would often complain about the weather.
Based on the above, answer the following question:
Which friend experienced heavier snowfall? |
A man in overalls isn't always a factory worker. Just because the man is holding handlebars of a machine doesn't mean he is at work.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "A man in overalls, a hat, and gloves holds on to the handlebars of a large machine." Claim: "A factory worker holds the handlebars at work,"
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
Erosion causes a river to become deeper and wider.
Canyon formed as a consequence of river erosion.
Canyons are formed as rivers become deeper and wider. | [7] | qasc | What are formed as rivers become deeper and wider?
[1] sinkholes
[2] soils
[3] body water
[4] loose soil
[5] craters
[6] mountains
[7] canyons
[8] Sediment |
The children are either sliding or waiting at the bottom of a yellow slide or the are fighting off flesh eating zombies in a haunted house but they cant be doing both.
| No | esnli | Consider the statement "Several adults and children are either sliding down, or waiting at the bottom of a very tall yellow slide.". Based on this "The children are fighting off flesh eating zombies in a haunted house." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
$$\frac{1}{{{2}^{2}}}+\frac{1}{{{3}^{2}}}+\cdots +\frac{1}{{{2020}^{2}}} ~\textless{} ~\frac{1}{1\times 2}+\frac{1}{2\times 3}+\cdots +\frac{1}{1999\times 2020}$$ $$=1-\frac{1}{2020}=\frac{2019}{2020}$$． ∴$$1+\frac{1}{{{2}^{2}}}+\frac{1}{{{3}^{2}}}+\cdots +\frac{1}{{{2020}^{2}}} ~\textless{} ~1+\frac{2019}{2020} ~\textless{} ~2$$． 故选$$\text{B}$$． | (2) | TAL-SCQ5K | 【$$2020$$年六年级卷第$$25$$题】比较大小：$$1+ \frac{1}{2^{2}}+ \frac{1}{3^{2}}+ \frac{1}{4^{2}} \cdots + \frac{1}{2020^{2}}$$~\uline{~~~~~~~~~~}~$$2$$．
(1) $$\textgreater$$
(2) $$\textless{}$$
(3) $$=$$ |
Cell division often causes growth.
Centrioles participate in cell division.
Centrioles are required for growth. | g | qasc | what are required for cell growth?
Options:
a. Enzymes
b. coded genes
c. heat energy
d. energy
e. nutrients
f. Energy.
g. centrioles
h. Proteins |
A person sliding down a snow covered hill may not be tobogganing. A person can slide down a hill alone and not just with other people.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "There is a man wrapped in a blanket of some sort sliding down a hill that is covered in snow.", what is the statement "A man is tobogganing down a hill with other people." true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
"Girls with coats on hugging" is grammatically too ambiguous a statement to infer that the girls are hugging.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: Two young girls with coats on hugging in the middle of winter.
Hypothesis: Two girls are hugging.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
The man is either jumping from a boulder into water or he jumping on a trampoline; he cannot be both places at the same time.
| False | esnli | Context: "A man is jumping from a boulder into a body of water while wearing only shorts."
Hypothesis: The man is jumping on a trampoline.
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
The shirt cannot simultaneously be both white and red, and the banner cannot be both small and large.
| False | esnli | Context: "A man in a white shirt and black pants poses in front of a large banner."
Hypothesis: A man in a red shirt poses in front of a small banner.
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
A man and a woman is two people not five people. People cannot be in a forest and at a diner at the same time.
| Yes | esnli | Consider the statement "A man and a woman sitting on a tree stump in the forest.". Is the statement "Five people eat BBQ at a diner." false? Yes/no/unknown |
There is no evidence that the man is nervously pacing when he is getting ready to speak to an audience.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A man getting ready to speak to an audience.", what is the statement "The man is nervously pacing while he waits to speak." true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
A person should learn swimming to not drown. | No | feasibilityQA | Tyler fell into a pool in his society but he didn't drown
Question: Is the following statement plausible?
He could not have known swimming. |
As a cell grows, its volume increases more quickly than its surface area. If a cell was to get very large, the small surface area would not allow enough nutrients to enter the cell quickly enough for the cell’s needs. This idea is explained in Figure below . However, large cells have a way of dealing with some size challenges. Big cells, such as some white blood cells, often grow more nuclei so that they can supply enough proteins and RNA for the cell’s requirements. Large, metabolically active cells often have lots of cell protrusions, resulting in many folds throughout the membrane. These folds increase the surface area available for transport of materials into or out of the cell. Such cell types are found lining your small intestine, where they absorb nutrients from your food through protrusions called microvilli . | Cell a | ropes | Context:
Gary, a high school student, is supposed to be studying two different cells under a microscope during his biology class. Gary doesn't like biology class at all though and can't find the motivation to look at the cells in detail. In his homework where students are supposed to write what they observed, Gary simply wrote down the first thing he saw under the microscope which was that Cell A is larger than cell B. It won't get him a great grade, but Gary is hoping it will at least get him a pass on the assignment.
Q: Which cell has more protrusions? |
A pen is used used for writing (not cutting), and the handle is filled with ink (not a blade). | B | senmaking | Pick which sentence is not logical.
A) "knife is an instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting"
B) "pen is an instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting" |
Just because there is a Georgia sign in the background, does not imply that the girl is form Georgia State University.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A girl is training in gymnastics with a Georgia sign in the background.", is the statement "A girl from Georgia State University trains for the Olympic gymnastics team." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
A rubber band snapping causes the particles in the rubber band to vibrate.
Sound travels through matter by vibration.
Snapping a rubber band causes sound. | sound | qasc | What type of wave results from snapping a rubber band?
Options:
* sound
* snap in half
* electromagnetic
* energy
* Energy.
* ultraviolet
* heat
* kinetic |
Sentence two is a rephrasing minus the second half of the sentence. A group of people crossing the street.
| Yes | esnli | Consider the statement "A group of people crossing the street all are carrying bags and purses.". Based on this "A group of people is crossing the street." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Shivering occurs when many muscles contract a little bit all at once.
Almost all birds use shivering as a short term adjustment to the cold.
Many muscles contract a little bit all at once as a short term adjustment to the cold. | b | qasc | What can contract a little bit all at once as a short term adjustment to the cold?
Options:
a) that metal
b) muscles
c) Weight
d) stomach
e) mammals
f) atoms
g) ligaments
h) sweating |
Birds like kingfisher and albatross hunt fishes whereas birds like woodpecker, parrot and sparrow don't eat fish. | Yes | feasibilityQA | Graham is a photographer. He clicked many photographs of a bird hunting a fish.
Q: Is it true that "He could have taken photographs of kingfisher." |
- Water is a kind of substance
- Sugar is a kind of pure substance
- Sugar dissolves in water when they are combined
- Hence, sugar dissolving in water is an example of one substance dissolving in another substance
- Sugar dissolving in water is an example of one substance dissolving in another substance
- A solution is formed by one substance being dissolved in another substance
- Hence, sugar will form a solution when it dissolves in water
- Sugar will form a solution when it dissolves in water
- When one substance is dissolved in another substance then the molecules of that other substance exist in solution
- Therefore, sugar molecules exist in solution when it forms solution with water
Hence, sugar molecules exist in solution when it forms solution with water | They exist in solution. | entailment_bank | Q: Sugar is made up of many molecules. When sugar is dissolved in water, what happens to these molecules?
Context:
- Water is a kind of substance
- When one substance is dissolved in another substance then the molecules of that other substance exist in solution
- A solution is formed by one substance being dissolved in another substance
- Sugar is a kind of pure substance
- Sugar dissolves in water when they are combined |
A period of very low rainfall occurred while the Grants were on the islands. The drought resulted in fewer seeds for the finches to eat. Birds with smaller beaks could eat only the smaller seeds. Birds with bigger beaks were better off. They could eat seeds of all sizes. Therefore, there was more food available to them. Many of the small-beaked birds died in the drought. More of the big-beaked birds survived and reproduced. Within just a couple of years, the average beak size in the finches increased. This was clearly evolution by natural selection. | Lemuria | ropes | Consider the following text:
Two ancient continents both had a great bird population. At some point in time, the continent of MU experienced a great drought that lasted for several years. The other continent, Lemuria, was unaffected by the drought.
Which continent had more seeds for the birds? |
Making these healthy lifestyle choices can also help prevent some types of cancer. In addition, you can lower the risk of cancer by avoiding carcinogens , which are substances that cause cancer. For example, you can reduce your risk of lung cancer by not smoking. You can reduce your risk of skin cancer by using sunscreen. How to choose a sunscreen that offers the most protection is explained below ( Figure below ). Some people think that tanning beds are a safe way to get a tan. This is a myth. Tanning beds expose the skin to UV radiation. Any exposure to UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer. It doesn’t matter whether the radiation comes from tanning lamps or the sun. | Higher | ropes | Keith is a doctor at the city hospital. Today, he is seeing six patients, patient A, patient B, patient C, patient D, patient E, and patient F. Patient A is a smoker, but patient B is not a smoker. Patient C uses sunscreen, but patient D does not use any sunscreen. Patient E tans with tanning lamps, but patient F tans in the sun.
Based on the above, answer the following question:
Would patient A have higher or lower risk of lung cancer than patient B? |
A girl playing soccer does not necessarily need to be about to kick the ball into the net. A girl can kick the ball to her teammate as well.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "A running girl prepares to kick a soccer ball."
Hypothesis: A girl is about to kick the ball into the net.
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
Another major cause of extinction is global warming , which is also known as global climate change. During the past century, the Earth's average temperature has risen by almost 1°C (about 1.3°F). You may not think that is significant, but to organisms that live in the wild and are constantly adapting to their environments, any climate change can be hazardous. Recall that burning fossil fuels releases gasses into the atmosphere that warm the Earth. Our increased use of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, is changing the Earth’s climate. Any long-term change in the climate can destroy the habitat of a species. Even a brief change in climate may be too stressful for an organism to survive. For example, if the seas increase in temperature, even briefly, it may be too warm for certain types of fish to reproduce. | Grey | ropes | Two neighboring islands Grey island and Sand island both contributed to global warming by their actions. Grey island contributed way more because they were more careless.
Which island burned more fossil fuels? |
There are no fish in a landfill, only garbage. | (a) | senmaking | Of the following two sentences, which one is against common sense?
(a) "if you want to fish you should go to a landfill"
(b) "if you want to fish you should go to a lake or ocean" |
A special skill can help you stand out from other interviewees. | "having a special skill is not important for new graduates." | senmaking | Of the below sentences, which one does *not* make sense?
Options:
"having a special skill is not important for new graduates."
"having a special skill is very important for new graduates." |
Just because a dog is standing on a street doesn't mean the dog ran away from home or that the dog is lost.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: A black dog is standing on a street while a group of cars and a truck are parked in the background.
Hypothesis: A dog ran away from home and seems lost out on the streets.
Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Just because a guitar play is standing with two people in a busy street does not necessarily mean he is playing their favorite song.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "Two people standing with a naked guitar player in a busy street."
Hypothesis: The guitar player is playing the other two people's favorite song
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
The total amount spent on food is $40 + $15 + $25 = $80.
The service charge is $80 x 10/100 = $8.
The tip is $80 x 5/100 = $4.
So, Mr. Arevalo had to pay $80 + $8 + $4 = $92 in all.
Therefore, his change will only be $100 - $92 = $8. | 8 | gsm8k | The Arevalo family went out to dinner. The smoky salmon costs $40, the black burger costs $15, and the chicken katsu costs $25. If the bill includes a 10% service charge and 5% tip, how much change will Mr. Arevalo receive from his $100? |
设$$x+\frac{1}{x}=a$$， 则$${{x}^{3}}+\frac{1}{{{x}^{3}}}=\left( x+\frac{1}{x} \right)\left( {{x}^{2}}+\frac{1}{{{x}^{2}}}-1 \right)=\left( x+\frac{1}{x} \right)\left[ {{\left( x+\frac{1}{x} \right)}^{2}}-3 \right]=a({{a}^{2}}-3)$$， 所以$$a({{a}^{2}}-3)=18$$， 因式分解得$$(a-3)({{a}^{2}}+3a+6)=0$$， 所以$$a=3$$． 由$$x+\frac{1}{x}=3$$解得$$x=\frac{1}{2}(3\pm \sqrt{5})$$， 显然$$0\textless{} {x }\textless{}1$$，$$0\textless{}\left { \frac{1}{x} \right }\textless{}1$$， 所以$$ {x }+\left { \frac{1}{x} \right }=1$$． | d | TAL-SCQ5K | 设$$[t]$$表示不超过实数$$t$$的最大整数，令$$ {t }=t-[t]$$．已知实数$$x$$满足$${{x}^{3}}+\frac{1}{{{x}^{3}}}=18$$，则$$ {x }+\left { \frac{1}{x} \right }=$$（~ ）．
a) $$\frac{1}{2}$$
b) $$3-\sqrt{5}$$
c) $$\frac{1}{2}(3-\sqrt{5})$$
d) $$1$$ |
The fact that there are several young people does not mean that they are boys and girls. They could be boys or girls.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "Several young people walk across the water on a series of stepping stones." Claim: "Boys and girls are walking."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
First find the screen area of Bill's TV: 48 inches * 100 inches = 4800 square inches
Then find the screen area of Bob's TV: 70 inches * 60 inches = 4200 square inches
Then subtract the size of the smaller TV from the size of the bigger TV to find the size difference: 4800 square inches - 4200 square inches = 600 square inches
Then multiply the size difference by the weight per square inch to find the weight difference: 600 square inches * 4 oz/square inch = 2400 oz
Then divide the weight difference in ounces by the number of ounces per pound to find the weight difference in pounds: 2400 oz / 16 oz/pound = 150 pounds | 150 | gsm8k | Bill gets a flat-screen TV that measures 48 inches by 100 inches. His brother Bob gets a TV that measures 70 inches by 60 inches. If the TVs weigh 4 oz per square inch of screen space, how much more does the heavier TV weigh in pounds? (There are 16 ounces per pound). |
Ahmed has 4 times as many apple trees as Hassan who has 1 apple tree so Ahmed has 4*1 = 4 apple trees
Ahmed has 8 orange trees in addition to the apple trees for a total of 8+4 = 12 trees
Hassan has 1+2 = 3 trees in his orchard
Ahmed has 12-3 = 9 more trees than Hassan | 9 | gsm8k | Ahmed has 8 orange trees and four times as many apple trees in his orchard as Hassan. If Hassan has one apple tree and two orange trees, and they both have only apple and orange trees in their orchards, how many more trees are in Ahmed's orchard than in Hassan's? |
People with social anxiety often want to have friends and are deprived of them, so not having any friends cannot be considered a good thing. | False | FLUTE | Context: "I have severe social anxiety and don't have any friends." Claim: "I feel truly blessed that I don't have any friends because of my severe social anxiety"
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
The workers are wearing black, yellow, and white so they can not also be wearing green, blue, and pink.
| False | esnli | Context: "Two workers wearing black and yellow jackets and white hard hats." Claim: "They are wearing green and blue jackets with pink hard hats."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
Allergy symptoms can range from mild to severe. Mild symptoms might include itchy eyes, sneezing, and a runny nose. Severe symptoms can cause difficulty breathing, which may be life threatening. Keep in mind that it is the immune system and not the allergen that causes the allergy symptoms. Allergy symptoms can be treated with medications such as antihistamines. Severe allergic reactions may require an injection of the hormone epinephrine. These treatments lessen or counter the immune system’s response. | Bill | ropes | Consider the following text:
Bill and Chad both displayed allergic reactions. Bill had mild symptoms, while Chad displayed severe allergic reactions and was rushed to the hospital.
Which person displayed symptoms such as sneezing? |
Just because there are people walking about out front of a group of buildings, one can't necessarily conclude the people are waiting for the bus.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "A group of buildings with asian writing on them and people walking about out front." Claim: "The people are waiting for the bus outside a building."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
Antigens are found on cancer cells and the cells of transplanted organs.
Organs such as the stomach and liver also begin to develop.
Antigens are found on cancer cells and the cells of transplanted livers. | [7] | qasc | antigens are found on cancer cells and the cells of transplanted what?
Options:
[1] personality
[2] density
[3] alveoli
[4] lungs
[5] the skin
[6] epidermal
[7] livers
[8] digestion |
Declines in population size can result in a loss of genetic diversity, and owing to genetic variation's role in the evolutionary potential of a species, this could in turn result in an observable Allee effect. As a species' population becomes smaller, its gene pool will be reduced in size as well. One possible outcome from this genetic bottleneck is a reduction in fitness of the species through the process of genetic drift, as well as inbreeding depression. This overall fitness decrease of a species is caused by an accumulation of deleterious mutations throughout the population. Genetic variation within a species could range from beneficial to detrimental. Nevertheless, in a smaller sized gene pool, there is a higher chance of a stochastic event in which deleterious alleles become fixed (genetic drift). While evolutionary theory states that expressed deleterious alleles should be purged through natural selection, purging would be most efficient only at eliminating alleles that are highly detrimental or harmful. Mildly deleterious alleles such as those that act later in life would be less likely to be removed by natural selection, and conversely, newly acquired beneficial mutations are more likely to be lost by random chance in smaller genetic pools than larger ones.Although the long-term population persistence of several species with low genetic variation has recently prompted debate on the generality of inbreeding depression, there are various empirical evidences for genetic Allee effects. One such case was observed in the endangered Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi). The Florida panther experienced a genetic bottleneck in the early 1990s where the population was reduced to ≈25 adult individuals. This reduction in genetic diversity was correlated with defects that include lower sperm quality, abnormal testosterone levels, cowlicks, and kinked tails. In response, a genetic rescue plan was put in motion and several female pumas from Texas were introduced into the Florida population. This action quickly led to the reduction in the prevalence of the defects previously associated with inbreeding depression. Although the timescale for this inbreeding depression is larger than of those more immediate Allee effects, it has significant implications on the long-term persistence of a species. | Village a | ropes | Context:
Dan is a geneticist and studied two villages from 2,000 years ago. Village A displayed traces of a large population that grew larger over the years, while village B had a small and declining population and was more isolated geographically.
Q: Which village didn't have a reduced gene pool? |
Magnetism can cause objects to repel each other.
The maglev trains are pushed and speeded up by the fact that like poles attract and unlike poles repel.
Maglev trains make use of magnetism to function. | magnetism | qasc | What is used in order for Maglev trains to function?
Options:
* coal
* Energy.
* electrically
* energy
* magnetism
* diesel
* tow rope
* power |
If Taylor has 4 pets, and each of his first friends brings twice as much, the total for each friend is 4*2 = 8 pets.
The total number of pets for Taylor's first friends is 8*3 = 24 pets.
The other two friends brought two pets each, a total of 2*2 = 4 pets.
The total number of pets will be Taylor's pets plus his friend's, which is 4+4+24 = 32 pets | 32 | gsm8k | Taylor and his friends decide to bring their pets together for a walk. 3 of his friends come first, each having twice as many pets as Taylor has. Another two of his friends have 2 pets each. If Taylor has 4 pets, what's the total number of pets they have together? |
One lesson lasts 1.5 hours, so 18 hours of them is 18 / 1.5 = 12 lessons.
If one lesson costs $30, then 12 lessons cost 12 * 30 = $360. | 360 | gsm8k | Micheal decided to take some piano lessons. One lesson costs $30 and lasts for 1.5 hours. How much will Micheal need to pay for 18 hours of lessons? |
Sentence 1: A black dog on a blue leash is walking in a stream. Sentence 2: A dog has run away from its owner and a leash hangs from it's neck.
| I don't know | esnli | Context: A black dog on a blue leash is walking in a stream.
Hypothesis: A dog has run away from its owner and a leash hangs from it's neck.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
Petals attract pollinators to the flower.
Bees are the main pollinator.
Petals attract bees to the flower. | f | qasc | what do flower petals attract?
a: density
b: plants
c: pollen
d: bushes
e: thorns
f: bees
g: fragrance
h: bats |
The man could be sitting on something other than a chair. He could be sitting on a sofa, or a bench, or even a rock.
| I don't know | esnli | Consider the statement "A man is drinking a beer with two young children who are drinking water on his lap.". Based on this "The man drinking beer sits in a chair while two young children sit on him." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Jockeys can wear either white or black. A horse jumping over a fence is not the same as a horse walking around a fence.
| False | esnli | Context: "A jockey, all in white, jumps a horse over a fence." Claim: "A jockey, all in black, walks a horse around a fence."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
The man can either be riding or he watches. These actions require different focus from the man and can't be active and relaxed at the same time.
| False | esnli | Context: "A man wearing a white cowboy hat, blue shirt, and black vest, is riding a black bull at a rodeo stadium." Claim: "A man with tattoos, sits on a sunny beach, while he watches his friends try their hand at surfing."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
Orange reflective clothing and a hard hat are types of work clothes, watery mud is a type of mud, and a cement wall is a type of wall.
| No | esnli | Context: A man wearing orange reflective clothing and a red hard hat shovels watery mud next to a low cement wall.
Hypothesis: A man in work clothes is shoveling mud near a wall.
Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
An elderly man and old man are synonymous as part of the description of shaving another (elderly) man with a straight razor.
| True | esnli | Context: "An elderly man is shaving another elderly man with a straight razor" Claim: "Old man shaves another mans head with a straight razor."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
Since $|{-4+ti}| = \sqrt{(-4)^2 + t^2} = \sqrt{t^2+16}$, the equation $|{-4+ti}| = 2\sqrt{13}$ tells us that $\sqrt{t^2 + 16} = 2\sqrt{13}$. Squaring both sides gives $t^2 + 16= 52$, so $t^2= 36$. Since we want the positive value of $t$, we have $t = 6$. | $6$ | competition-math | For what positive value of $t$ is $|{-4+ti}| = 2\sqrt{13}$? |
Old age begins in the mid-60s and lasts until the end of life. Many people over 65 have retired from work, freeing up their time for hobbies, grandchildren, and other interests. Stamina, strength, reflex time, and the senses all decline during old age, and the number of brain cells decreases as well. The immune system becomes less efficient, increasing the risk of serious illnesses such as cancer and pneumonia. Diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease that cause loss of mental function also become more common. | Group ii | ropes | Dr. Smith studied a group of people under 65 called group I, and a group of people over 65 called group II. Old age signs were more obvious after the age of 65.
Based on the above, answer the following question:
Which had more people freeing up their time for grandchildren? |
Just because a boy is wearing a scuba mask at a restaurant does not mean it is a seafood restaurant.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the staetement "The boy is wearing a cardboard scuba mask at the restaurant.". Based on this statement, is "A boy is wearing a mask at a seafood restaurant." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
An ostrich does not go to the mall. | "the ostrich is at the mall." | senmaking | Which of the following two sentences does not make sense?
- "the ostrich is at the zoo."
- "the ostrich is at the mall." |
There is nothing to indicate that they are preparing to work, just because they are standing by the rickshaws.
| I don't know | esnli | Consider the statement "Two young men dressed in summer clothing of shorts and tank tops stand in front of a matching pair of pseudo rickshaws for transportation as men cycle in the background.". Based on this "Two young men are preparing to work" a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Just because two men are standing together, with some sort of tent behind them, and stuffed animals on the ground doesn't mean one of the men collects the stuffed animals.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the staetement "A man in a yellow shirt and a man in a white shirt are standing together, with some sort of tent behind them, and stuffed animals on the ground behind the man in the white shirt.". Based on this statement, is "One of the men collects the stuffed animals." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
A man cannot be pushing a lawn mower with a boy that pushes a toy lawn mower and both will be having a picnic in the yard same time.
| No | esnli | Consider the staetement "A man is pushing a lawn mower around a fenced in yard, while a little boy in a striped shirt pushes a toy lawn mower.". Based on this statement, is "The man and the little boy are having a picnic in the yard." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
This implies that the boy is going very fast. The boy in the first sentence doesn't necessarily have to be going fast.
| I don't know | esnli | Context: A boy in a red shirt sledding down a sand dune.
Hypothesis: The little boy is trying to set the world speed record in sand dune sledding.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
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