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A person in a wig does not imply clown and wiping cream on someone's face does not imply putting on a show.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A person in a colorful wig is wiping white cream on a woman's face.", what is the statement "a clown puts on a show" true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
Fungi not only evolve to avoid the defenses of the plants, but they also attempt to prevent the plant from enacting the mechanisms to improve its defenses. Anything the fungi can do to slow the evolution process of the host plants will improve the fitness of future generations because the plant will not be able to keep up with the evolutionary changes of the parasite. One of the main processes by which plants quickly evolve in response to the environment is sexual reproduction. Without sexual reproduction, advantageous traits could not be spread through the plant population as quickly allowing the fungi to gain a competitive advantage. For this reason, the sexual reproductive organs of plants are targets for attacks by fungi. Studies have shown that many different current types of obligate parasitic plant fungi have developed mechanisms to disable or otherwise affect the sexual reproduction of the plants. If successful, the sexual reproduction process slows for the plant, thus slowing down evolutionary change or in extreme cases, the fungi can render the plant sterile creating an advantage for the pathogens. It is unknown exactly how this adaptive trait developed in fungi, but it is clear that the relationship to the plant forced the development of the process.Some researchers are also studying how a range of factors affect the rate of evolutionary change and the outcomes of change in different environments. For example, as with most evolution, increases in heritability in a population allow for a greater evolutionary response in the presence of selective pressure. For traits specific to the plant-fungi coevolution, researchers have studied how the virulence of the invading pathogen affects the coevolution. Studies involving Mycosphaerella graminicola have consistently showed that virulence of a pathogen does not have a significant impact on the evolutionary track of the host plant.There can be other factors in that can affect the process of coevolution. For example, in small populations, selection is a relatively weaker force on the population due to genetic drift. Genetic drift increases the likelihood of having fixed alleles which decreases the genetic variance in the population. Therefore, if there is only a small population of plants in an area with the ability to reproduce together, genetic drift may counteract the effects of selection putting the plant in a disadvantageous position to fungi which can evolve at a normal rate. The variance in both the host and pathogen population is a major determinant of evolutionary success compared to the other species. The greater the genetic variance, the faster the species can evolve to counteract the other organism’s avoidance or defensive mechanisms.Due to the process of pollination for plants, the effective population size is normally larger than for fungi because pollinators can link isolated populations in a way that the fungus is not able. This means positive traits that evolve in non-adjacent but close areas can be passed to nearby areas. Fungi must individually evolve to evade host defenses in each area. This is obviously a clear competitive advantage for the host plants. Sexual reproduction with a broad, high variance population leads to fast evolutionary change and higher reproductive success of offspring.Environment and climate patterns also play a role in evolutionary outcomes. Studies with oak trees and an obligate fungal parasite at different altitudes clearly show this distinction. For the same species, different altitudinal positions had drastically different rates of evolution and changes in the response to the pathogens due to the organism also in a selective environment due to their surroundings.Coevolution is a process that is related to the red queen hypothesis. Both the host plant and parasitic fungi have to continue to survive to stay in their ecological niche. If one of the two species in the relationship evolves at a significantly faster rate than the other, the slower species will be at a competitive disadvantage and risk the loss of nutrients. Because the two species in the system are so closely linked, they respond to external environment factors together and each species affects the evolutionary outcome of the other. In other words, each species exerts selective pressure on the other. Population size is also a major factor in the outcome because differences in gene flow and genetic drift could cause evolutionary changes that do not match the direction of selection expected by forces due to the other organism. Coevolution is an important phenomenon necessary for understanding the vital relationship between plants and their fungal parasites. | Western | ropes | Ted had two garden plots. The Eastern plot had very healthy plants and good soil. The Western plot was problematic, the plants were attacked by parasitic fungi.
Based on the above, answer the following question:
Which plot had more fungi preventing the plants from enacting the mechanisms to improve its defenses? |
The man is not necessarily the child's father. The child may not be a son and could even be a girl. The man holds a child on a tree branch and he may not be helping the child climb a tree.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A man holds a child on a tree branch.", what is the statement "A father helps his son climb a tree." true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
A man and woman dancing while the man is crouched down and the woman is about to pull the man up implies that they are dancing.
| Yes | esnli | Given the statement "A man and a woman dancing the man is crouched down and the woman is about to pull the man back up.", is the statement "A man and woman are dancing." is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
Just because a black man wearing brown pants and a white shirt has his right leg up on a brick wall and his other leg on the sidewalk does not imply that he is waiting for his wife to arrive.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the staetement "A black man wearing brown pants and a white shirt has his right leg up on a brick wall and his other leg on the sidewalk.". Based on this statement, is "The man poses casually while waiting for his wife to arrive" a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
Sentence 1 does not tell us whether the old person is a man or woman whilst sentence 2 clearly states it is a man. Sentence 1 says its a third world kitchen so we can assume its poor but sentence 2 states why he is in the kitchen as he wants to help the bakers.
| I don't know | esnli | Context: An old person stands in a third world kitchen.
Hypothesis: An old man is trying to help poor bakers.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
The Figure below shows decibel levels of several different sounds. As decibel levels get higher, sound waves have greater intensity and sounds are louder. For every 10-decibel increase in the intensity of sound, loudness is 10 times greater. Therefore, a 30-decibel “quiet” room is 10 times louder than a 20-decibel whisper, and a 40-decibel light rainfall is 100 times louder than the whisper. High-decibel sounds are dangerous. They can damage the ears and cause loss of hearing. | Jeremy | ropes | Consider the following text:
Jeremy works on a construction site operating a jackhammer and a large welding machine. Jeremy is frequently exposed to sounds with high decibel levels due to being around these machines so often. Jeremy's brother, Alexander, on the other hand works in a library. Unlike Jeremy, Alexander is frequently exposed to sounds with very low decibel levels during his work.
Who is exposed to sound waves with greater intensity? |
A crowd watching people play football is rephrasing football players are running on the field while a large crowd is watching.
| Yes | esnli | Consider the statement "Three football players are running on the field while a large crowd is watching". Based on this "A crowd watching people play football" a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Sentence 2 confirms that a rugby game is taking place in a rugby stadium by describing how the two combatants are making a move on each other.
| Yes | esnli | Given the statement "Two combatants in a rugby stadium making a move on each other, one wearing green with ball and defended by #5 in the maroon colors.", is the statement "A rugby game is taking place" is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
Tricycles are not allowed to go on high speed. | "tricycles run on the highway." | senmaking | Of the following two sentences, which one is against common sense?
* "tricycles run on the highway."
* "trucks run on the highway." |
Just because a woman is holding a drink it does not mean it is a sprite. Holding a drink does not have to mean the woman has a cup.
| I don't know | esnli | Consider the statement "A man is kissing a woman holding a drink.". Based on this "A woman has sprite in her cup" a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Bread doesn't mildew, it molds, and can be very unhealthy for humans to eat. | A | senmaking | Which of these sentences doesn't make sense?
Options:
A. "people like to eat bread which has mildewed"
B. "people cannot eat bread after it becomes mildewed" |
The fact that the man and women are standing near a desk and looking through a microscope does not infer that they are wait anxiously for the results from a test performed by a woman looking through the microscope. There is no indication that they are waiting for anything or that they have performed any type of test.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A man and a woman standing near a desk while another woman sits at the desk looking through a microscope.", is the statement "A man and women wait anxiously for the results from a test performed by a woman looking through a microscope." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
A crowd of women are not the same as a group of boys and sitting in muddy water isn't the same as playing with goats.
| No | esnli | Given the statement "A crowd of women dressed in colorful saris are sitting in muddy water while one of them washes with water.", is the statement "A group of boys are playing with goats." is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
A blond-headed female child playing with toys on a purple surface does not indicate that someone is playing with a toy car.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A blond-headed female child playing with toys on a purple surface.", is the statement "Someone is playing with a toy car." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
- Building a doghouse requires cutting materials into a fixed size
- Cutting a material usually requires measuring length
- Hence, cutting a material when building a doghouse requires measuring length
- Cutting a material when building a doghouse requires measuring length
- A tape can be used to measure length
- So, cutting wood when building a doghouse requires using a tape
Therefore, cutting wood when building a doghouse requires using a tape | determining where to cut the wood into pieces | entailment_bank | Question: Annette is using many tools to build a doghouse. For which of the following would Annette most likely use a tape measure while building the doghouse?
Context: - A tape can be used to measure length
- Building a doghouse requires cutting materials into a fixed size
- Cutting a material usually requires measuring length |
1 man's 1 day work = 1/100
(10 men + 15 women)'s 1 day work = 1/8
15 women's 1 day work = (1/8 - 10/100) = 1/40
1 woman's 1 day work = 1/600
1 woman alone can complete the work in 600 days. | [E] | aqua | 10 men and 15 women together can complete a work in 8 days. It takes 100 days for one man alone to complete the same work. How many days will be required for one woman alone to complete the same work?
[A] 127 days
[B] 667 days
[C] 177 days
[D] 187 days
[E] 600 days |
Sentence 1 has two African Americans where Sentence 2 has the plural of people. Sentence 1 has one playing a guitar and one standing where Sentence 2 has the people studying.
| False | esnli | Context: "Two African Americans are together and one is wearing a cowboy hat while playing the guitar while the other is standing with sunglasses on."
Hypothesis: The people are in the library studying for a test.
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
Just because the barber was cutting the young boy's hair carefully, it doesn't imply he is doing so fearing the boy's parent.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the staetement "A barber in a black shirt carefully cutting a young boy's hair.". Based on this statement, is "Due to fear of boy's parent barber was cutting boy's hair carefully." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
Avery has a total of 20 * 6 = 120 eggs
Avery can fill up 120 / 12 = 10 egg cartons | 10 | gsm8k | Avery has 20 chickens on his farm. Each chicken lays 6 eggs. He wants to fill up egg cartons with eggs. If each egg carton can hold a dozen (12 eggs), how many egg cartons can Avery fill? |
A 'Man and woman' is a simpler rephrasing of 'A woman talking on a...' and 'a man with a mustache', also the fact they are emerging up the stairs from an underground subway infers that they are 'exiting' the subway.
| Yes | esnli | Context: A woman talking on a cellphone and a man with a mustache emerge up the stairs from an underground subway.
Hypothesis: A man and woman are exiting a subway.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
Just because a man is kicking a punching bag does not mean he is working to become stronger for an upcoming boxing match.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: An Asian man in a white tank-top kicking a punching bag in a gym.
Hypothesis: The Asian man is working to become stronger for an upcoming boxing match.
Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Genes that are located on the same chromosome are called linked genes.
Linked genes are inherited together.
Genes that are located on the same chromosome are inherited together. | They are inherited together | qasc | What happens to Genes located on the same chromosome
Options:
* metabolic reaction
* production of energy
* produce offspring
* female sex cells
* The flowers are pollinated
* They are inherited together
* Earth orbiting the Sun
* a hemisphere is tilted away from the sun |
Cart is different in size than a stroller. So it is either a cart or a stroller that the woman is carrying.
| No | esnli | Consider the statement "An old woman is pushing a cart filled with eggs down a market street.". Based on this "A woman pushes a stroller down a market street." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Candied fruit, also known as crystallized fruit or glacé fruit, has existed since the 14th century. Whole fruit, smaller pieces of fruit, or pieces of peel, are placed in heated sugar syrup, which absorbs the moisture from within the fruit and eventually preserves it. Depending on size and type of fruit, this process of preservation can take from several days to several months.[1] This process allows the fruit to retain its quality for a year.[2]
The continual process of drenching the fruit in syrup causes the fruit to become saturated with sugar, preventing the growth of spoilage microorganisms due to the unfavourable osmotic pressure this creates.[3] | Apples | ropes | Mary and Ann got some fruit as a gift from a friend. Mary decided to candy the fruit, while Ann decided to eat them fresh, Mary received plums, peaches, apples and oranges. Ann got pears, quince, cherries and blackberries.
Which fruit retained their quality longer apples or quince? |
Just because a man is leaning against the white wall of a dimly lit tunnel doesn't mean he is waiting to mug people
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "A mysterious man is leaning against the white wall of a dimly lit tunnel.", is the statement "The man is waiting to mug people" wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
A mother cannot be younger than her daughter. | "my mother is younger than me" | senmaking | Of the following two sentences, which one is against common sense?
- "my mother is younger than me"
- "my mother is older than me" |
An angle with measure $50\%$ larger than the measure of a right angle has measure $\frac{3}{2}\cdot 90^{\circ}=135^{\circ}$.
Thus the other two angles have a combined measure of $45^{\circ}$. Each one has a measure of
$$\frac{45^{\circ}}{2}=22.5^{\circ}.$$ | $22.5^{\circ$ | competition-math | An isosceles, obtuse triangle has one angle with a degree measure that is 50$\%$ larger than the measure of a right angle. What is the measure, in degrees, of one of the two smallest angles in the triangle? Express your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth. |
Gymnosperms are vascular plants that produce seeds in cones.
Gymnosperms are the plants that are known as evergreens.
Evergreens are vascular plants that produce seeds in cones. | (g) | qasc | What are vascular plants that produce seeds in the form of cones?
(a) Leptospirosis
(b) more abundant
(c) Newton
(d) it needs them
(e) Conifers
(f) epidermal
(g) evergreens
(h) white |
As for the public health or food safety concern, organic foods are intended to be healthy, free of contaminations and free from agents that could cause human diseases. Organic milk is meant to have no chemical residues to consumers, and the restrictions on the use of antibiotics and chemicals in organic food production has the purpose to accomplish this goal. Although dairy cows in both organic and conventional farming practices can be exposed to pathogens, it has been shown that, because antibiotics are not permitted as a preventative measure in organic practices, there are far fewer antibiotic resistant pathogens on organic farms. This dramatically increases the efficacy of antibiotics when/if they are necessary. | Fay | ropes | Two friends decided to lose weight. Tammy started eating healthier, she only used organic products. Fay reduced the number of calories, but still ate conventional food and produce.
Based on the above, answer the following question:
Which friend ate less food that was free from agents which could cause human diseases? |
Not everyone enjoying. Can not tell time of day. It may not be afternoon. No mention of birds. Not everyone in a park is watching birds.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: An older gentleman wearing a red shirt watches another older gentleman who is sleeping in a seated position on a park bench.
Hypothesis: Two men are enjoying their afternoon at the park watching the birds.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
作出$$y=\sin x$$和$$y=kx$$的图象，易知选$$\text{C}$$． | $$\left( -\infty ,\frac{2}{\pi } \right)$$ | TAL-SCQ5K | 如果$$x\in \left( 0,\frac{ \pi }{2} \right)$$时总有$$\sin x\textgreater kx$$成立，则实数$$k$$的取值范围是．
* $$\left( -\infty ,\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$$
* $$\left( -\infty ,\left. \frac{ \pi }{2} \right] \right.$$
* $$\left( -\infty ,\frac{2}{\pi } \right)$$
* $$\left( -\infty ,\left. \frac{2}{ \pi } \right] \right.$$ |
The first sentence does not say what the boy is throwing the ball at, so we can't argue it was thrown at the boy's Dad.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the staetement "A little boy is going to throw a ball on the beach.". Based on this statement, is "A boy is tossing a ball to his dad." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
A person who is watering plants can't be part of a group of people who are sitting and watching a street performer.
| No | esnli | Given the statement "People sit and watch as a street performer is singing.", what is the statement "A person is watering plants." true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
Apex predators can have profound effects on ecosystems, as the consequences of both controlling prey density and restricting smaller predators, and may be capable of self-regulation. They are central to the functioning of ecosystems, the regulation of disease, and the maintenance of biodiversity. When introduced to subarctic islands, for example, Arctic foxes' predation of seabirds has been shown to turn grassland into tundra. Such wide-ranging effects on lower levels of an ecosystem are termed trophic cascades. The removal of top-level predators, often through human agency, can cause or disrupt trophic cascades. For example, reduction in the population of sperm whales, apex predators with a fractional trophic level of 4.7, by hunting has caused an increase in the population of large squid, trophic level over 4 (carnivores that eat other carnivores). This effect, called mesopredator release, occurs in terrestrial and marine ecosystems; for instance, in North America, the ranges of all apex carnivores have contracted whereas those of 60% of mesopredators have grown in the past two centuries. | Less | ropes | Context: John was studying the species in Siberia. He found that the Siberian tiger is an apex predator. It had a pretty stable population during the sixteenth century. He noted that information as case A. Then with the introduction of guns the number of Siberian tigers decreased in the seventeenth century. He noted that information as case B.
Question: In case A, would the number of mesopredators be less or more than in case B? |
On Wednesday she pulled 25*3=75 weeds
On Thursday she pulled 75/5=15 weeds
On Friday she pulled 15-10=5 weeds
In total she pulled 25+75+15+5=120 weeds | 120 | gsm8k | Sarah decided to pull weeds from her garden. On Tuesday she pulled 25 weeds. The next day she pulled three times the number of weeds she did the day before. On Thursday her allergies bothered her and she could only pull up one-fifth of the weeds she pulled on the day before. Finally, on Friday it rained for half the day and she managed to pull up 10 fewer weeds than she did on Thursday. In total, how many weeds did she pull up? |
To not be sneezed at means to not be something that should be ignored or passed over, and this context suggests that a free meal is something not to be ignored. | Yes | FLUTE | Consider the statement "A lot of them were here, because a free meal is something that should be not be ignored.". Based on this "A lot of them were here, because a free meal is not to be sneezed at." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
The woman wants to sell flowers to passers-by, thus she's sitting amid her outdoor display of flowers for sale on the street.
| True | esnli | Context: "A dark-haired woman in a green and white apron sits amid her outdoor display of flowers for sale on a city street." Claim: "The lady wants to sell flowers to passers-by."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
There is no indication that the men dressed in business attire are talking or being interviewed and you can't assume that he is the couch of the team from his clothes.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "Men dressed up in a business attire on the basketball court getting filmed on camera.", is the statement "The coach of the team is being interviewed." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
A woman would not be laying down while making sushi. A kitchen counter does not have carpet on it.
| False | esnli | Context: "Woman making sushi on a kitchen counter."
Hypothesis: The woman is laying on the carpet.
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
A gathering of what appear to be tourists mill about on an urban plaza that includes a large fountain is a rephrasing of a group of people walk around in front of a fountain.
| Yes | esnli | Context: A gathering of what appear to be tourists mill about on an urban plaza that includes a large fountain showcasing a tall sculpture with a nautical theme.
Hypothesis: A group of people walk around in front of a fountain.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
A snarling dog can approach a cat in a multitude of places besides the circus. An elephant is not always present when a dog approaches a cat.
| Yes | esnli | Given the statement "A snarling dog approaches a hissing cat.", is the statement "The cat is on top of the elephant at the circus." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
One result of air pollution is acid rain. Acid rain is precipitation with a low (acidic) pH. This rain can be very destructive to wildlife. When acid rain falls in forests, freshwater habitats, or soils, it can kill insects and aquatic life. It causes this damage because of its very low pH. Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the air both cause acid rain to form ( Figure below ). Sulfur oxides are chemicals that are released from coal-fired power plants. Nitrogen oxides are released from motor vehicle exhaust. | Seattle | ropes | Context:
The ecologist moved from Aspen, where there was no air pollution, to Seattle which experienced a lot of air pollution. He started studying the weather there as well.
Q: Which city had rain with a lower pH? |
The people can't be going through glass bottles at the same time as they are drinking from glass bottles.
| No | esnli | Consider the statement "Three Middle Eastern people going through a bunch of glass bottles.". Based on this "Three people are drinking beer from glass bottles." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Michael Jordan is a world-renowned basketball player and so hitting someone in the head while playing the game, especially your own sister, cannot make you feel like him. | No | FLUTE | Consider the statement "I was playing basketball and I accidentally hit my sister in the head as she was walking by.". Based on this "I felt like Michael Jordan when I accidentally hit my sister in the head while playing basketball." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
Just because the basketball play is dribbling past another player, does not imply the player is about to take a shot.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: A girl basketball player is dribbling a basketball past another player.
Hypothesis: A girl basketball player is dribbling a basketball past another player about to take a shot.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
1 hour is 60 minutes so 3 hours is 3*60 = 180 minutes
Three-quarters of 180 minutes is (3/4)*180 = 135 minutes
He spends 15 minutes on 1 page so he will spend 135 minutes on 135/15 = 9 pages | 9 | gsm8k | Rob planned on spending three hours reading in preparation for his literature exam. If he ends up spending only three-quarters of this time reading, and he reads a page every fifteen minutes, how many pages did he read in this time? |
Big vehicles require more powerful engines as compared to small vehicle. | No | feasibilityQA | Sebastian has a fire truck and a car. 784 horsepower is the power of the car.
Q: Is it true that "The power of truck's engine could be 711 horsepower." |
Since Rohit does not want to sit on the middle seat or at either end (3 chairs), then he can choose 2 chairs to sit. The remaining 4 people can sit in 4! ways. Thus the # of arrangements is 2*4! = 48. | 48 | aqua | In how many ways can you seat 5 people on a bench if one of them, Rohit, does not want to sit on the middle seat or at either end?
- 48
- 1720
- 2880
- 5040
- 10080 |
Freshwater biomes have water that contains little or no salt.
Several freshwater lakes are nearby.
Lakes can contain little or no salt. | H | qasc | What can contain little to no salt?
A) sodium chloride
B) salt water
C) rivers
D) the Pacific Ocean
E) deserts
F) fens
G) wetland
H) lakes |
One cannot be swimming and walk at the same time, the legs are used differently during these activities.
| No | esnli | Context: A woman wearing a purple dress and black boots walks through a crowd drinking from a glass bottle.
Hypothesis: A woman swimming though people at the pool.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
A group of people are playing a board game but this not imply that some of them are teaching their friends how to play.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: A group of people playing a board game.
Hypothesis: Some people are teaching their friends how to play a game.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
A watermelon would not fit in a young boys nose. | "the young boy put a watermelon in his nose." | senmaking | Pick which sentence is not logical.
Options:
* "the young boy put a marble in his nose."
* "the young boy put a watermelon in his nose." |
People can ride bikes on dirt trails even when they are not racing. A dirt trail surrounded by trees doesn't mean that the trail is located in the woods.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the staetement "Two boys, one wearing blue and the other wearing white, are riding their bikes off a large jump on a dirt trail surrounded by trees.". Based on this statement, is "Two boys are racing in the woods." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
Two young girls is a rephrasing of two little girls. Drinking canned soft drinks is a rephrasing of drink soft drinks from cans.
| True | esnli | Context: "Two young girls are sitting in the living room playing video games and drinking canned soft drinks." Claim: "Two little girls play video games and drink soft drinks from cans in the living room"
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
A heart of stone means she is a very cruel person. | No | FLUTE | Given the statement "She is a cruel human being and her attitude was really mean and rude.", is the statement "She had a heart of stone." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
Ronda Rousey is a mixed martial artist and wrestler. Ronda Rousey relies on striking moves and submission tactics to dominate her opponents. X-Men's Colossus has the ability to change his appearance. Colossus's mutation allows him to create an organic steel layer, that acts as an impenetrable external shell. | No | strategyqa | Will Ronda Rousey hypothetically defeat X-Men's Colossus in a fight? |
The woman in the shawl could be digging for any number of reasons, nothing implies that she is working in a garden as opposed to some other location.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the staetement "A woman in a shawl digs a hole in the ground.". Based on this statement, is "A woman is digging up dirt in her garden." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown |
A man in a restaurant kitchen, dressed in white with a white apron and a straw hat, is preparing to taste some concoction that is simmering in a large steel pot and may be cooked that.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the statement "A man in a restaurant kitchen, dressed in white with a white apron and a straw hat, is preparing to taste some concoction that is simmering in a large steel pot.". Is the statement "A chef is preparing to taste what he has just cooked." false? Yes/no/unknown |
A woman with dark hair looks at something on display that is illuminated by two light bulbs does not imply that she is white
| I don't know | esnli | Given the statement "A woman with dark hair looks at something on display that is illuminated by two light bulbs.", is the statement "the woman is white" is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
Extending the period of time over which a force acts in order to lessen the force is a common practice in design. Padding in shoes and seats allows the time to increase. The front of automobiles are designed to crumple in an accident; this increases the time the car takes to stop. Similarly, barrels of water or sand in front of abutments on the highway and airbags serve to slow down the stoppage time. These changes all serve to decrease the amount of force it takes to stop the momentum in a car crash, which consequently saves lives. | Less | ropes | Context: Keith designs car seats. He noticed that some other car seats didn't have any padding. He marked it as case A. On the other hand, most of the seats he designed had padding. He marked it as case B. Keith needed to know pros and cons of both designs.
Question: Would case B exert less or more force than case A? |
8 * 86 = 688 – 10 = 678 | 678 | aqua | A team of eight entered for a shooting competition. The best marks man scored 82 points. If he had scored 92 points, the average scores for. The team would have been 86. How many points altogether did the team score?
* 662
* 678
* 652
* 642
* 721 |
We know a man is wearing a gray shirt because it's stated that a man is wearing sunglasses and a gray t-shirt.
| No | esnli | Given the statement "A man wearing sunglasses and a gray t-shirt is sitting in a chair.", is the statement "A man is wearing a gray shirt" wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
In the first month, the price of the iPhone fell by 10/100*$1000=$100
The new price after the first month is $1000-$100 = $900
In the second month, the price fell 20% further by 20/100*$900 = $180
The new price after the second month is $900-$180 = $720 | 720 | gsm8k | The price of an iPhone fell 10% in a particular month and another 20% in the second month. If the initial price was $1000, calculate the price after the second month. |
The two dogs in the forest are the two animals outdoors, and they are being watched by the two men who are humans.
| No | esnli | Context: Two dogs fighting in a forest, with the legs of two men in jeans in the background
Hypothesis: Two animals and two humans are outdoors.
Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Monotremes are mammals that reproduce by laying eggs.
Well, platypuses are mammals, and they lay eggs.
Platypuses are monotremes. | 2 | qasc | A platypus is an example of _.
Options:
1: Marsupial.
2: Monotremes.
3: insects
4: animals
5: killing insects
6: Amphibian.
7: Placental mammal.
8: matter vibrating |
A large log placed in a fire will burn relatively slowly. If the same mass of wood were added to the fire in the form of small twigs, they would burn much more quickly. This is because the twigs provide a greater surface area than the log does. An increase in the surface area of a reactant increases the rate of a reaction. Surface area is larger when a given amount of a solid is present as smaller particles. A powdered reactant has a greater surface area than the same reactant as a solid chunk. In order to increase the surface area of a substance, it may be ground into smaller particles or dissolved into a liquid. In solution, the dissolved particles are separated from each other and will react more quickly with other reactants. | Group f | ropes | Two groups of teens studied fire for the physics class. Group S made a fire using large logs, while group F made a fire using small twigs and sawdust. Both groups used the same volume of wood.
Which group made a fire from more particles of wood? |
To be presenting is the same as to give presentations and "three boy scouts" can be simplified to "boy scouts".
| Yes | esnli | Context: Three boy scouts give presentations on a stage with two tents, a bench, and an American flag behind them.
Hypothesis: boy scouts presenting
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
Richard Dawkins is an atheist, so the simile is saying that the person is not religious. | Yes | FLUTE | Context: He's not religious
Hypothesis: He's as religious as Richard Dawkins
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
A couple cannot force their child up large steps if they are holding up their child on large steps.
| Yes | esnli | Context: A couple holds up their child on a series of large steps while others are also traversing the steps.
Hypothesis: A couple force their child to exercise up large steps.
Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Just because a group of people are gathered at an outdoor event doesn't mean it is a sporting event.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the statement "A group of people are gathered at some type of outdoor event.". Is the statement "There is a sporting event." false? Yes/no/unknown |
Blond-haired and brunette are two different colors. Posing and sleeping are two different activities.
| No | esnli | Context: Blond-haired couple posing for picture.
Hypothesis: A brunette couple is sleeping.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
The jejunum is the second part of the small intestine, where most nutrients are absorbed into the blood. As shown in Figure below , the mucous membrane lining the jejunum is covered with millions of microscopic, fingerlike projections called villi (singular, villus). Villi contain many capillaries, and nutrients pass from the villi into the bloodstream through the capillaries. Because there are so many villi, they greatly increase the surface area for absorption. In fact, they make the inner surface of the small intestine as large as a tennis court! | John | ropes | Consider the following text:
Robert and John both went to the doctor because they had been having stomach problems. The doctor decided to take images of the men's jejunum to try and diagnose the issues. He discovered that Robert has more villi covering his jejunum compared to John.
Who has less surface area available for absorption of nutrients? |
A whirlpool is a strong current, so a psychic whirlpool drawing in someone indicates the intensity and overwhelming nature of someones obsession. | No | FLUTE | Context: He was overwhelmingly obsessed with it.
Hypothesis: like a psychic whirlpool , it began to draw him in.
Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Getting some air implies leisurely savoring the scenery, but flying down the mountains, suggests aggressively racing down as fast as you can.
| False | esnli | Context: "Snowboarder getting some air in the mountains." Claim: "The snowboarder is flying down the mountain."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
Just because the construction workers are working doesn't mean they're wearing safety goggles for sure.
| Unknown | esnli | Given the statement "Construction workers are working with a crane in the street.", is the statement "The construction workers are wearing safety goggles." wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
An Indoor Restaurants does not have a football field to host a tournament. | a | senmaking | Of the below sentences, which one does *not* make sense?
a) "we played our last football tournament at telsi indoor restaurant."
b) "we played our last football tournament at telsi indoor stadium." |
There can be either two men or two women. They can be either on a football team or a volleyball team.
| False | esnli | Context: "Two young men on the same football team are wearing orange and white uniforms and playing on an outside field while coaches and other players watch."
Hypothesis: Two young women on a volleyball team playing outside.
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
That the group of crosscountry skiers following a path through the forest are competing in the olympics.
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the statement "A group of crosscountry skiers following a path through the forest.". Is the statement "the group of skiers are competing in the olympics" false? Yes/no/unknown |
Trampolines and swings are two different activities. Jumping on a swing is not exercising whereas trampolines can be used to exercise with,
| No | esnli | Context: Trampolines are a fun way to exercise.
Hypothesis: you can jump on swings
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
A father and a daughter are a man and a younger girl, and a computer is a machine, therefore the father and daughter are working on something on the computer.
| No | esnli | Given the statement "A young girl and a man doing something with a machine.", is the statement "A father and daughter working on a computer" wrong?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
The man would not necessarily be readying for his daily customers. The man would not necessarily have just finished opening up the store.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: An Asian man is standing behind a booth in front of a store.
Hypothesis: Man readies for his daily customers after just opening up the store.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Earthworm burrows help aerate soil, which is also good for plants.
Dirt is really misplaced soil.
Earthworm burrows help aerate dirt, which is also good for plants. | burrow in the dirt | qasc | What does an earthworm do that would help plants?
reusing materials
It helps them survive
eat the plant
scare away birds
reproduce
hydrate their cells
burrow in the dirt
eat all the dirt |
If the people are walking into a building and passing a woman that is seated on the ground, then it is a correct statement to say that there are people outside the building.
| No | esnli | Context: People walk into a building past a woman seated on the ground.
Hypothesis: There are people outside the building.
Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
Foreground individuals are individuals, and they are wearing hard hats. They walk behind someone in similar attire,who is another person wearing similar attire.
| Yes | esnli | Context: Two foreground individuals in hard hats wear portable tanks as they walk behind someone in similar attire.
Hypothesis: Two individuals wearing hard hats walk behind another person wearing similar attire.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
A young woman is a kind of women. Drinks from a bottle of water implies drinking water out of a bottle.
| Yes | esnli | Given the statement "A young woman wearing sunglasses and several necklaces drinks from a bottle of water in an outdoor setting.", is the statement "A women drinking water out of a bottle." is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
A person who sings autographs is not in the midst of a game and cannot be a person who signs autographs.
| No | esnli | Given the statement "A scene from a hockey game where the player in blue has just taken a shot, while the player in white tries to block it.", what is the statement "A hokey palayer signs autographs." true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
Just because the one mechanic is sitting on the roof of school bus and other one standing inside the bus doesn't imply that the bus is broken.
| Unknown | esnli | Context: "One mechanic is sitting on the roof of a school bus with an open door, while the other is standing inside the bus." Claim: "The school bus is broken down."
Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown? |
There are either boy scouts or girl scouts, and they are either attending a military ceremony or a religion shrine.
| False | esnli | Context: "A military ceremony is attended by boy scouts."
Hypothesis: Girl Scout Troops visit a religious shrine.
Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown? |
To cut a rug means to dance in a lively and energetic way, but in this sentence Digger stood still instead | No | FLUTE | Context: Digger stood still like a statue with a chef and union organizer from the kitchen.
Hypothesis: Digger cut a rug with a chef and union organizer from the kitchen.
Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)? |
People are multiples of a person and not just one. Walking and standing still cannot be performed at the same time.
| No | esnli | Given the statement "People are holding flag and walking.", what is the statement "A person is standing still." true?
- Yes
- No
- Unknown |
Children are younger than adults. Two children represent three fewer human beings than five adults.
| No | esnli | Consider the statement "Two children, both in red jackets, are playing on the stairs outside.". Based on this "Five adults are playing baseball." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know? |
If a policeman watches while many people participate in a marathon, then it follows that there are many people in the marathon.
| Yes | esnli | Given the statement "A policeman watches while many people participate in a marathon.", is the statement "There are many people in the marathon." is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
A group of people standing near a tall oval shape flower display consisting of yellow, red, white, and green flowers near a glass building does not necessary that they are amazed at a tall flower near a glass building.
| I don't know | esnli | Context: A group of people standing near a tall oval shape flower display consisting of yellow, red, white, and green flowers near a glass building.
Hypothesis: People are amazed at a tall flower near a glass building.
Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)? |
A bike has 2 tires | Yes | feasibilityQA | In a parking lot, there are more than 2 bikes. Connor needs to test air in all the tires of the bikes.
Question: Is the following statement plausible?
Total number of tires that Connor needs to test could be 8. |
Just because the player is kicking the ball does not imply that he is aiming or kicking to make a goal.
| I don't know | esnli | Given the statement "Soccer player# 23 is kicking the soccer ball.", is the statement "The soccer player is trying to make a goal." is true?
- Yes
- No
- I don't know |
When a cooler object touches a warmer object , thermal conduction occurs.
Thermal conductivity also increases with compaction.
Conduction is increased with compaction. | 2 | qasc | conduction is increased with what?
1. Time and energy
2. compaction
3. blood
4. evaporation
5. voltage
6. heat energy
7. motion
8. sweating |
Only small birds can fly in the sky. | b | senmaking | Of the following two sentences, which one is against common sense?
Options:
a) "ostriches like to run on land"
b) "ostriches like to fly in the sky" |
Sentence 1: The young man has just crossed a rickety footbridge. Sentence 2: The footbridge is made of wood
| Unknown | esnli | Consider the statement "The young man has just crossed a rickety footbridge.". Is the statement "The footbridge is made of wood" false? Yes/no/unknown |
The more tightly packed the particles inside the material are, the more dense we say they are. | A | quartz | If Mona is packing coffee into a tin and she continues to add more coffee, what happens to the density of the coffee inside the tin?
Options:
A) increases
B) decreases |
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