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[
"Kirovskaya (Samara Metro)",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Kirovskaya is a station on the First Line of the Samara Metro. It opened on 26 December 1987. It is in the Sovetsky district of Samara. The station's name comes from the street on which the station is situated, Prospekt Kirova, which is named for Bolshevik leader Sergey Kirov.
| 0 |
[
"Kirovskaya (Samara Metro)",
"transport network",
"Samara Metro"
] |
Kirovskaya is a station on the First Line of the Samara Metro. It opened on 26 December 1987. It is in the Sovetsky district of Samara. The station's name comes from the street on which the station is situated, Prospekt Kirova, which is named for Bolshevik leader Sergey Kirov.
| 1 |
[
"Kirovskaya (Samara Metro)",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Kirovskaya is a station on the First Line of the Samara Metro. It opened on 26 December 1987. It is in the Sovetsky district of Samara. The station's name comes from the street on which the station is situated, Prospekt Kirova, which is named for Bolshevik leader Sergey Kirov.Path sistem
After this station the trains towards Yungorodok goes from mains tracks to branch to "TCH-1 "Kirovskoe". The main tracks follow to the dead end, that soon going to be part of tunnel to the "Krilya Sovietov" station
| 2 |
[
"Kirovskaya (Samara Metro)",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Sovetsky City District"
] |
Kirovskaya is a station on the First Line of the Samara Metro. It opened on 26 December 1987. It is in the Sovetsky district of Samara. The station's name comes from the street on which the station is situated, Prospekt Kirova, which is named for Bolshevik leader Sergey Kirov.
| 4 |
[
"Bezymyanka (Samara Metro)",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Samara"
] |
Bezymyanka (Russian: Безымянка) is a station on the First Line of the Samara Metro. It opened on 26 December 1987 as one of the four initial stations on the line. It is in the Sovetsky district of Samara at the intersection of Ulitsa Pobedy and Novo-Vokzalnaya Ulitsa. Its name comes from a railway station located 700 m southeast and literally means "unnamed".References
External links
Official station page
| 1 |
[
"Bezymyanka (Samara Metro)",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Bezymyanka (Russian: Безымянка) is a station on the First Line of the Samara Metro. It opened on 26 December 1987 as one of the four initial stations on the line. It is in the Sovetsky district of Samara at the intersection of Ulitsa Pobedy and Novo-Vokzalnaya Ulitsa. Its name comes from a railway station located 700 m southeast and literally means "unnamed".References
External links
Official station page
| 3 |
[
"Rossiyskaya (Samara Metro)",
"transport network",
"Samara Metro"
] |
Rossiyskaya is a station of the Samara Metro on First Line which was opened on 26 December 2007.
| 1 |
[
"Rossiyskaya (Samara Metro)",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Rossiyskaya is a station of the Samara Metro on First Line which was opened on 26 December 2007.About station
This station has 2 platforms, of which only 1 is functional. The first track (Towards Alabinskaya) works in this regime - Train arrive from Moskovskaya on First track, then depart to Alabinskaya where this train changes the movement direction and goes on same track back. Towards Moskovskaya there is a switch on Second track. Train from Alabinskaya arrive on this station and then goes through switch on Second track, then next train arrives on station. After opening of second track of Alabinskaya, the second track and platform of station will be opened for passengers.
| 2 |
[
"Rossiyskaya (Samara Metro)",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Rossiyskaya is a station of the Samara Metro on First Line which was opened on 26 December 2007.About station
This station has 2 platforms, of which only 1 is functional. The first track (Towards Alabinskaya) works in this regime - Train arrive from Moskovskaya on First track, then depart to Alabinskaya where this train changes the movement direction and goes on same track back. Towards Moskovskaya there is a switch on Second track. Train from Alabinskaya arrive on this station and then goes through switch on Second track, then next train arrives on station. After opening of second track of Alabinskaya, the second track and platform of station will be opened for passengers.
| 7 |
[
"Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line",
"state of use",
"in use"
] |
The Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line (Russian: Калу́жско-Ри́жская ли́ния, IPA: [kɐˈɫuʂskə ˈrʲiʂskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) is a line of the Moscow Metro, that originally existed as two separate radial lines, Rizhskaya and Kaluzhskaya opened in 1958 and 1962, respectively. Only in 1971 were they united into a single line as the central section connecting the stations Oktyabrskaya to Prospekt Mira was completed. It was also the first line in Moscow to have a cross-platform transfer. The Rizhsky radius is roughly aligned with a northern avenue Prospekt Mira, while the Kaluzhskiy radius generally follows a southwestern street Profsoyuznaya Ulitsa. Presently, the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line is the third busiest in the system with a passenger traffic rate of 1.015 million per day. It has a bi-directional length of 37.8 kilometres (23.5 mi), and a travel time of 56 minutes, typically it is coloured orange on Metro maps and numbered 6.Timeline
Transfers
Rolling stock
The line is served by two depots, Kaluzhskoe (№ 5) and Sviblovo (№ 10). Most of the trains are 81–717.5/714.5 models which were received new from 1987, however 12 of them are the new 81-717.5M/714.5M which were added to Sviblovo's park in 1996/1997. In 2017, the Moscow Metro began replacing the 81–717.5/714.5 and 81-717.5M/714.5M models with 81-760/761s (Oka). The 81-760/761s stopped being used on the line on 22 August 2018. In 2018, Moscow Mayor Sergey Sobyanin announced that the next-generation 81-765/766/767 (Moscow) trains would operate on the line from 2019, and within five to six years the old rolling stock would be entirely replaced. In May 2018, the first 81-765/766/767 train began operating on the line, ahead of schedule. In December 2020, the first 81-775/776/777 train began operating on the line.
Subway car types used on the line over the years:Recent developments and future plans
Currently the line spans through the entire city and no extensions are planned in the nearby future. However several projects exist. The first one was to connect the town of Mytishchi in the Moscow Oblast with the Moscow Metro, this was however declared unnecessary by the mayor of the city. Another one was to extend from Bitsevsky Park to Annino of the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line, however it is unlikely this will be realized due to the preserved area of the Bitsa Park, and a newer project to bring the Butovskaya Light Metro line to the southern radius.
The lack of transfer to the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line has led to a plan to build Yakimanka station between Oktyabrskaya and Tretyakovskaya, which will offer a transfer to Polyanka.
Several projects also exist to modernize the older stations. A second entrance was added to VDNKh in 1997 and Akademicheskaya has had a restoration of its ceramic tiled walls replacing them with aluminium planes. Recently it has emerged that the Moscow circular railway will be converted into a form of urban transport. If so then the conserved transfer from Leninsky Prospekt to the railway station Ploschad Gagarina will be opened.
| 6 |
[
"Kiyevskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Kiyevskaya (Russian: Ки́евская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Dorogomilovo District, Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya Line, between Park Kultury and Krasnopresnenskaya stations. It is named after the nearby Kiyevsky Rail Terminal. The design for the station was chosen in an open competition held in Ukraine; the entry submitted by the team of E. I. Katonin, V. K. Skugarev, and G. E. Golubev placed first among 73 others and it became the final design. Kievskaya features low, square pylons faced with white marble and surmounted by large mosaics by A.V. Myzin celebrating Russo-Ukrainian unity. Both the mosaics and the arches between the pylons are edged with elaborate gold-colored trim. At the end of the platform is a portrait of Vladimir Lenin.
The entrance to the station, which is shared with both of the other two Kievskaya stations, is built into the Kiev railway station. With the completion of the segment of track between Belorusskaya and Park Kultury in 1954 the Koltsevaya Line became fully operational with trains running continuously around the loop for the first time.
One of the station's entrances is topped by a reproduction of an Art Nouveau Paris Metro entrance by Hector Guimard, given by the Régie autonome des transports parisiens in 2006 in exchange for an artwork by Russian artist Ivan Lubennikov installed at Madeleine station in Paris.
| 1 |
[
"Kiyevskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
Kiyevskaya (Russian: Ки́евская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Dorogomilovo District, Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya Line, between Park Kultury and Krasnopresnenskaya stations. It is named after the nearby Kiyevsky Rail Terminal. The design for the station was chosen in an open competition held in Ukraine; the entry submitted by the team of E. I. Katonin, V. K. Skugarev, and G. E. Golubev placed first among 73 others and it became the final design. Kievskaya features low, square pylons faced with white marble and surmounted by large mosaics by A.V. Myzin celebrating Russo-Ukrainian unity. Both the mosaics and the arches between the pylons are edged with elaborate gold-colored trim. At the end of the platform is a portrait of Vladimir Lenin.
The entrance to the station, which is shared with both of the other two Kievskaya stations, is built into the Kiev railway station. With the completion of the segment of track between Belorusskaya and Park Kultury in 1954 the Koltsevaya Line became fully operational with trains running continuously around the loop for the first time.
One of the station's entrances is topped by a reproduction of an Art Nouveau Paris Metro entrance by Hector Guimard, given by the Régie autonome des transports parisiens in 2006 in exchange for an artwork by Russian artist Ivan Lubennikov installed at Madeleine station in Paris.
| 2 |
[
"Kiyevskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"named after",
"Moscow Kiyevsky railway station"
] |
Kiyevskaya (Russian: Ки́евская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Dorogomilovo District, Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya Line, between Park Kultury and Krasnopresnenskaya stations. It is named after the nearby Kiyevsky Rail Terminal. The design for the station was chosen in an open competition held in Ukraine; the entry submitted by the team of E. I. Katonin, V. K. Skugarev, and G. E. Golubev placed first among 73 others and it became the final design. Kievskaya features low, square pylons faced with white marble and surmounted by large mosaics by A.V. Myzin celebrating Russo-Ukrainian unity. Both the mosaics and the arches between the pylons are edged with elaborate gold-colored trim. At the end of the platform is a portrait of Vladimir Lenin.
The entrance to the station, which is shared with both of the other two Kievskaya stations, is built into the Kiev railway station. With the completion of the segment of track between Belorusskaya and Park Kultury in 1954 the Koltsevaya Line became fully operational with trains running continuously around the loop for the first time.
One of the station's entrances is topped by a reproduction of an Art Nouveau Paris Metro entrance by Hector Guimard, given by the Régie autonome des transports parisiens in 2006 in exchange for an artwork by Russian artist Ivan Lubennikov installed at Madeleine station in Paris.
| 5 |
[
"Kiyevskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Kiyevskaya (Russian: Ки́евская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Dorogomilovo District, Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya Line, between Park Kultury and Krasnopresnenskaya stations. It is named after the nearby Kiyevsky Rail Terminal. The design for the station was chosen in an open competition held in Ukraine; the entry submitted by the team of E. I. Katonin, V. K. Skugarev, and G. E. Golubev placed first among 73 others and it became the final design. Kievskaya features low, square pylons faced with white marble and surmounted by large mosaics by A.V. Myzin celebrating Russo-Ukrainian unity. Both the mosaics and the arches between the pylons are edged with elaborate gold-colored trim. At the end of the platform is a portrait of Vladimir Lenin.
The entrance to the station, which is shared with both of the other two Kievskaya stations, is built into the Kiev railway station. With the completion of the segment of track between Belorusskaya and Park Kultury in 1954 the Koltsevaya Line became fully operational with trains running continuously around the loop for the first time.
One of the station's entrances is topped by a reproduction of an Art Nouveau Paris Metro entrance by Hector Guimard, given by the Régie autonome des transports parisiens in 2006 in exchange for an artwork by Russian artist Ivan Lubennikov installed at Madeleine station in Paris.
| 7 |
[
"Kiyevskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Dorogomilovo District"
] |
Kiyevskaya (Russian: Ки́евская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Dorogomilovo District, Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya Line, between Park Kultury and Krasnopresnenskaya stations. It is named after the nearby Kiyevsky Rail Terminal. The design for the station was chosen in an open competition held in Ukraine; the entry submitted by the team of E. I. Katonin, V. K. Skugarev, and G. E. Golubev placed first among 73 others and it became the final design. Kievskaya features low, square pylons faced with white marble and surmounted by large mosaics by A.V. Myzin celebrating Russo-Ukrainian unity. Both the mosaics and the arches between the pylons are edged with elaborate gold-colored trim. At the end of the platform is a portrait of Vladimir Lenin.
The entrance to the station, which is shared with both of the other two Kievskaya stations, is built into the Kiev railway station. With the completion of the segment of track between Belorusskaya and Park Kultury in 1954 the Koltsevaya Line became fully operational with trains running continuously around the loop for the first time.
One of the station's entrances is topped by a reproduction of an Art Nouveau Paris Metro entrance by Hector Guimard, given by the Régie autonome des transports parisiens in 2006 in exchange for an artwork by Russian artist Ivan Lubennikov installed at Madeleine station in Paris.
| 14 |
[
"Mendeleyevskaya",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Mendeleyevskaya (Russian: Менделе́евская, pronunciation ) is a Moscow Metro station on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line. It is located in the Tverskoy District of central Moscow.
It was opened on 31 December 1988. The station was designed by Nina Aleshina and Natalya Samoilova on the theme of Dmitri Mendeleev and his works.Its depth is 48.5 meters (159 ft). The transfer to the Novoslobodskaya station of the Koltsevaya Line is available.
| 0 |
[
"Serpukhovskaya",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Serpukhovskaya (Russian: Серпуховска́я) is a Moscow Metro station in the Zamoskvorechye District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia. It is on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line. The station opened on November 8, 1983. Serpukhovskaya is 43 metres (141 feet) underground. Its name originates from the namesake street, which in turn originates from the historic town of Serpukhov.
| 0 |
[
"Serpukhovskaya",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
Serpukhovskaya (Russian: Серпуховска́я) is a Moscow Metro station in the Zamoskvorechye District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia. It is on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line. The station opened on November 8, 1983. Serpukhovskaya is 43 metres (141 feet) underground. Its name originates from the namesake street, which in turn originates from the historic town of Serpukhov.
| 1 |
[
"Serpukhovskaya",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Zamoskvorechye District"
] |
Serpukhovskaya (Russian: Серпуховска́я) is a Moscow Metro station in the Zamoskvorechye District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia. It is on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line. The station opened on November 8, 1983. Serpukhovskaya is 43 metres (141 feet) underground. Its name originates from the namesake street, which in turn originates from the historic town of Serpukhov.
| 7 |
[
"Serpukhovskaya",
"architect",
"Nina Aleshina"
] |
Station design
Serpukhovskaya station was designed by Nina Aleshina with Leonid N. Pavlov and Lydia Y. Gonchar (Russian: Лидия Юрьевна Гончар).
The station features grey and white vaults. There is a three-vault span with white marble lines in the main hallway. The bottoms of the columns holding the ceiling are clad in marble carved so as to look like brick and stone. The shiny textures and surfaces cause intense light reflection. A string of lights hung in the main archway; it was dismantled on 2 March 2006.
| 9 |
[
"Serpukhovskaya",
"architect",
"Leonid Pavlov"
] |
Serpukhovskaya (Russian: Серпуховска́я) is a Moscow Metro station in the Zamoskvorechye District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia. It is on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line. The station opened on November 8, 1983. Serpukhovskaya is 43 metres (141 feet) underground. Its name originates from the namesake street, which in turn originates from the historic town of Serpukhov.Station design
Serpukhovskaya station was designed by Nina Aleshina with Leonid N. Pavlov and Lydia Y. Gonchar (Russian: Лидия Юрьевна Гончар).
The station features grey and white vaults. There is a three-vault span with white marble lines in the main hallway. The bottoms of the columns holding the ceiling are clad in marble carved so as to look like brick and stone. The shiny textures and surfaces cause intense light reflection. A string of lights hung in the main archway; it was dismantled on 2 March 2006.
| 11 |
[
"Serpukhovskaya",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Serpukhovskaya (Russian: Серпуховска́я) is a Moscow Metro station in the Zamoskvorechye District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia. It is on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line. The station opened on November 8, 1983. Serpukhovskaya is 43 metres (141 feet) underground. Its name originates from the namesake street, which in turn originates from the historic town of Serpukhov.
| 12 |
[
"Sokol (Moscow Metro)",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Sokol (Russian: Со́кол, English: Falcon) is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station opened on 11 September 1938. Designed by K. Yakovlev, V. Polikarpova, and V. Andreev, it features a single row of pillars which flare upward into the arched ceiling, separated by circular coffers. Sokol is finished in a variety of materials, including white and gray Koyelga marble, onyx, granite, and white ceramic tile. The two entrances to the station are located on both sides of Leningradsky Prospekt. An additional exit to the underpass is available from the south end of the platform. Another entrance was cut in 2003 from the nearby Metro Market shopping center. It was the northwestern terminus of the line until 1964 when 3 northern stations were opened. A Zamoskvoretskaya Line depot is located near the station.
| 0 |
[
"Sokol (Moscow Metro)",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
Sokol (Russian: Со́кол, English: Falcon) is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station opened on 11 September 1938. Designed by K. Yakovlev, V. Polikarpova, and V. Andreev, it features a single row of pillars which flare upward into the arched ceiling, separated by circular coffers. Sokol is finished in a variety of materials, including white and gray Koyelga marble, onyx, granite, and white ceramic tile. The two entrances to the station are located on both sides of Leningradsky Prospekt. An additional exit to the underpass is available from the south end of the platform. Another entrance was cut in 2003 from the nearby Metro Market shopping center. It was the northwestern terminus of the line until 1964 when 3 northern stations were opened. A Zamoskvoretskaya Line depot is located near the station.
| 1 |
[
"Sokol (Moscow Metro)",
"architect",
"Konstantin Yakovlev"
] |
Sokol (Russian: Со́кол, English: Falcon) is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station opened on 11 September 1938. Designed by K. Yakovlev, V. Polikarpova, and V. Andreev, it features a single row of pillars which flare upward into the arched ceiling, separated by circular coffers. Sokol is finished in a variety of materials, including white and gray Koyelga marble, onyx, granite, and white ceramic tile. The two entrances to the station are located on both sides of Leningradsky Prospekt. An additional exit to the underpass is available from the south end of the platform. Another entrance was cut in 2003 from the nearby Metro Market shopping center. It was the northwestern terminus of the line until 1964 when 3 northern stations were opened. A Zamoskvoretskaya Line depot is located near the station.
| 2 |
[
"Sokol (Moscow Metro)",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Sokol (Russian: Со́кол, English: Falcon) is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station opened on 11 September 1938. Designed by K. Yakovlev, V. Polikarpova, and V. Andreev, it features a single row of pillars which flare upward into the arched ceiling, separated by circular coffers. Sokol is finished in a variety of materials, including white and gray Koyelga marble, onyx, granite, and white ceramic tile. The two entrances to the station are located on both sides of Leningradsky Prospekt. An additional exit to the underpass is available from the south end of the platform. Another entrance was cut in 2003 from the nearby Metro Market shopping center. It was the northwestern terminus of the line until 1964 when 3 northern stations were opened. A Zamoskvoretskaya Line depot is located near the station.
| 6 |
[
"Sokol (Moscow Metro)",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Sokol (Russian: Со́кол, English: Falcon) is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station opened on 11 September 1938. Designed by K. Yakovlev, V. Polikarpova, and V. Andreev, it features a single row of pillars which flare upward into the arched ceiling, separated by circular coffers. Sokol is finished in a variety of materials, including white and gray Koyelga marble, onyx, granite, and white ceramic tile. The two entrances to the station are located on both sides of Leningradsky Prospekt. An additional exit to the underpass is available from the south end of the platform. Another entrance was cut in 2003 from the nearby Metro Market shopping center. It was the northwestern terminus of the line until 1964 when 3 northern stations were opened. A Zamoskvoretskaya Line depot is located near the station.
| 11 |
[
"Kurskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Design
The station was designed by architects G. Zakharkov and Z. Chernysheva under the supervision of Ivan Zholtovsky who were awarded the Stalin Prize in 1950 for the design. Kurskaya is a rare deep column station built in the 1950s style of Stalinist Architecture.
The design features four rows of columns which support the vaults, though the columns are "doubled" hence their wide appearance. In the centre of the station is a large open space with a large vault topping it that rests on four pylons forming an arbour, from which a staircase leads off as a transfer to Kurskaya–Radialnaya of the Arbatsko–Pokrovskaya line. Another interesting detail of the station is the lack of sculptures and artwork, instead, however, this compensated by small details such as Torchiere (now removed) in the arbour which light the granite stairwell and hidden lamps in the niches of the vault, which is covered by a bronze frieze symbolising the dawn and blossoming of Mother Russia. Additional lighting is provided by eight elegant conical chandeliers with fluorescent tubes. The floor is laid with red and grey granite and the walls and columns with white koyelga marble.
The station's large vestibule is located right next to the north, and adjacent to Kursky railway station, hence the name of the station, and serves both the ring and radial stations, this contains a large circular underground lobby in the centre of which is a bronze sculpture of wheat (inclining Kursk as the centre of the Chernozem region), this is also linked to the 1938 vestibule of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya station, allowing for a transfer there. The interior of the surface structure, adorned with citations from the Anthem of the Soviet Union once contained a large statue of Joseph Stalin (by sculptor Nikolai Tomsky), this was removed in 1961. On 3 July 2008, the vestibule was closed for a year to replace escalators, upgrade and renovation. The station's second entrance to Zemlyanoy Val opened in December 1995, is a shared underground vestibule, which also doubles as a transfer to Chkalovskaya of the Lyublinskaya line.
Possibly the most interesting detail of the station is a large metallic plaque on the station wall, adorned with artwork has an inscription: Kurskaya, large ring, 1945–1949. This implies the original plan to have the Koltsevaya line follow the Garden Ring, and then a smaller ring line to follow the Boulevard Ring (the small ring).
| 6 |
[
"Kurskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"architect",
"Grigory Zakharov"
] |
Kurskaya (Russian: Ку́рская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Basmanny District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya line, between Komsomolskaya and Taganskaya stations, and opened on 1 January 1950.Design
The station was designed by architects G. Zakharkov and Z. Chernysheva under the supervision of Ivan Zholtovsky who were awarded the Stalin Prize in 1950 for the design. Kurskaya is a rare deep column station built in the 1950s style of Stalinist Architecture.
The design features four rows of columns which support the vaults, though the columns are "doubled" hence their wide appearance. In the centre of the station is a large open space with a large vault topping it that rests on four pylons forming an arbour, from which a staircase leads off as a transfer to Kurskaya–Radialnaya of the Arbatsko–Pokrovskaya line. Another interesting detail of the station is the lack of sculptures and artwork, instead, however, this compensated by small details such as Torchiere (now removed) in the arbour which light the granite stairwell and hidden lamps in the niches of the vault, which is covered by a bronze frieze symbolising the dawn and blossoming of Mother Russia. Additional lighting is provided by eight elegant conical chandeliers with fluorescent tubes. The floor is laid with red and grey granite and the walls and columns with white koyelga marble.
The station's large vestibule is located right next to the north, and adjacent to Kursky railway station, hence the name of the station, and serves both the ring and radial stations, this contains a large circular underground lobby in the centre of which is a bronze sculpture of wheat (inclining Kursk as the centre of the Chernozem region), this is also linked to the 1938 vestibule of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya station, allowing for a transfer there. The interior of the surface structure, adorned with citations from the Anthem of the Soviet Union once contained a large statue of Joseph Stalin (by sculptor Nikolai Tomsky), this was removed in 1961. On 3 July 2008, the vestibule was closed for a year to replace escalators, upgrade and renovation. The station's second entrance to Zemlyanoy Val opened in December 1995, is a shared underground vestibule, which also doubles as a transfer to Chkalovskaya of the Lyublinskaya line.
Possibly the most interesting detail of the station is a large metallic plaque on the station wall, adorned with artwork has an inscription: Kurskaya, large ring, 1945–1949. This implies the original plan to have the Koltsevaya line follow the Garden Ring, and then a smaller ring line to follow the Boulevard Ring (the small ring).
| 11 |
[
"Sviblovo (Moscow Metro)",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Sviblovo District"
] |
Sviblovo (Russian: Свиблово) is a Moscow Metro station in the Sviblovo District, North-Eastern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line, between Botanichesky Sad and Babushkinskaya stations.
| 4 |
[
"Sviblovo (Moscow Metro)",
"architect",
"Rimidalv Pogrebnoy"
] |
Design
Built according to a standard design in 1978, the station features pillars faced with white marble and accented with vertical strips of anodized aluminum. The walls are also white marble and are decorated with friezes containing the names and coats of arms of the various cities and towns surrounding Moscow. Sviblovo's architect was Robert Pogrebnoi.
| 8 |
[
"Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Moscow"
] |
The Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line (Russian: Любли́нско-Дми́тровская ли́ния, IPA: [lʲuˈblʲinskə ˈdmʲitrəfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 10) is a line of the Moscow Metro. It was known as "Lyublinskaya line" (Любли́нская ли́ния) before 2007. First opened in 1995 as a semi-chordial radius, it is at present in process of being extended through the centre and northwards.At present the line has 34 kilometres (21 mi) of track and 23 stations.History
Plans
In the early 1980s, the Moscow development plan put forward several ideas about solving the build-up that came as a result of the radial-ring alignment which has determined the development of the Moscow Metro since the mid-1950s. In the previous programme the radial lines, with an ever-increasing build-up of passengers, were forced to use the central transfer points and those on the ring, severely overcrowding the system.
In attempt to solve this problem, the future Lyublinskaya line was designed so that some of its transfer points would be outside the Koltsevaya line. This meant it would begin at the ring before extending south to the Kursky Rail Terminal, Perovsky, and Zhdanovsky. The ultimate goal of the line was to then bring the metro to the new developing districts of Maryino and Lyublino in the south-east of Moscow.
The initial design when bringing the new line to the new districts was to follow Lyublinskaya Street, not far from the bank of the Moskva River. However, after several debates, this was altered and the line would continue westwards until it reached Volzhsky Boulevard and only then turn southwards towards the districts of Lyublino. Although this left out the possibility of railway transfer with Kurskaya, it did allow the metro to enter into the heart of the region more thoroughly.
| 2 |
[
"Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line",
"instance of",
"rapid transit railway line"
] |
The Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line (Russian: Любли́нско-Дми́тровская ли́ния, IPA: [lʲuˈblʲinskə ˈdmʲitrəfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 10) is a line of the Moscow Metro. It was known as "Lyublinskaya line" (Любли́нская ли́ния) before 2007. First opened in 1995 as a semi-chordial radius, it is at present in process of being extended through the centre and northwards.At present the line has 34 kilometres (21 mi) of track and 23 stations.
| 6 |
[
"Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line",
"state of use",
"in use"
] |
The Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line (Russian: Любли́нско-Дми́тровская ли́ния, IPA: [lʲuˈblʲinskə ˈdmʲitrəfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 10) is a line of the Moscow Metro. It was known as "Lyublinskaya line" (Любли́нская ли́ния) before 2007. First opened in 1995 as a semi-chordial radius, it is at present in process of being extended through the centre and northwards.At present the line has 34 kilometres (21 mi) of track and 23 stations.Timeline
Stations
Rolling stock
The line is served by the Pechatniki depot (#15) and Likhobory depot (#18)
. 81-717/714 (including .5 and .5M modifications) wagons are used since the opening of the line. In 1998-2004 some new 81-720/721 (and .1) "Yauza" trains were received, but now their production is stopped. Some "Yauza" trains (except the original, which were retired) are still in service, but all the new rolling stock used on the line are 81-717/714.5/.5M and 81-717/714.6.
Subway car types used on the line over the years:
-Series 81-717.5: 1995–present
-Series 81-717.5M: 1995–present
-Series 81-720/721: 1998 - 2008
-Series 81-720.1/721.1: 2005 - 2019
-Series 81-717.6: 2011–present
-Series 81-760/761: 2016 (one train)
| 9 |
[
"Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line",
"state of use",
"in use"
] |
The Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line (Кали́нинско-Солнцевская ли́ния, IPA: [kəˈlʲinʲɪnskə ˈsontsəfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 8) is a line of the Moscow Metro, currently consisting of two separate parts. It was opened as the eastwards Kalininskaya line in 1979, with the first stations of the western Solntsevsky radius opening in 2014. Presently there are 8 stations on the eastern section and 14 on the western section. The two parts are planned to be joined after 2023. To distinguish the 2 sections, the newer west section is identified as the Line 8A or Solntsevskaya Line.
| 0 |
[
"Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
The Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line (Кали́нинско-Солнцевская ли́ния, IPA: [kəˈlʲinʲɪnskə ˈsontsəfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 8) is a line of the Moscow Metro, currently consisting of two separate parts. It was opened as the eastwards Kalininskaya line in 1979, with the first stations of the western Solntsevsky radius opening in 2014. Presently there are 8 stations on the eastern section and 14 on the western section. The two parts are planned to be joined after 2023. To distinguish the 2 sections, the newer west section is identified as the Line 8A or Solntsevskaya Line.
| 4 |
[
"Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line",
"has part(s)",
"Solntsevskaya Line"
] |
The Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line (Кали́нинско-Солнцевская ли́ния, IPA: [kəˈlʲinʲɪnskə ˈsontsəfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 8) is a line of the Moscow Metro, currently consisting of two separate parts. It was opened as the eastwards Kalininskaya line in 1979, with the first stations of the western Solntsevsky radius opening in 2014. Presently there are 8 stations on the eastern section and 14 on the western section. The two parts are planned to be joined after 2023. To distinguish the 2 sections, the newer west section is identified as the Line 8A or Solntsevskaya Line.
| 7 |
[
"Biblioteka Imeni Lenina",
"named after",
"Russian State Library"
] |
Biblioteka Imeni Lenina (Russian: Библиоте́ка и́мени Ле́нина, English: Lenin Library) is a station on the Sokolnicheskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. The station was opened on 15 May 1935 as a part of the first stage of the Metro. It is situated in the very centre of the city under Mokhovaya Street, and is named for the nearby Russian State Library (named the Lenin Library from 1925 until 1992). Its architects were A. I. Gontskevich and S. Sulin.
To prevent the disruption of traffic, Biblioteka Imeni Lenina was built using underground excavation rather than cut and cover even though the station ceiling is just two metres (6.5 ft) below ground level. Soil conditions and the narrowness of the space in which the station was to be built necessitated a single-vault design, the only one on the first Metro line. The entire excavation was only 19.8 metres (65 ft) wide and 11.7 metres (38 ft) high. The main station vault was built from rubble stone set in concrete and reinforced with an iron framework. This was lined with an "umbrella" of bitumen-coated paper to prevent groundwater from seeping into the station. The station was finished with plaster, yellow ceramic tile, and marble.
The station originally had two entrance vestibules, one at either end. The southern vestibule, located between the old and new buildings of the State Library, is shared with Borovitskaya. The temporary northern vestibule, which served Biblioteka Imeni Lenina and Aleksandrovsky Sad, was removed in the 1940s.
| 6 |
[
"Oktyabrskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Oktyabrskaya (Russian: Октя́брьская) is a station on the Koltsevaya line of the Moscow Metro. Opened on 1 January 1950, Oktyabrskaya was part of the first segment of the fourth stage. Designed by Leonid Polyakov who took the mid-19th century Neoclassical triumphal Empire style as the basis, and incorporated the themes of the 1812 Victory over Napoleon to match the 1945 Soviet victory in the second world war, applying to the standard pylon tri-vault design.
Both the central and platform vaults are divided by arches which have large bas-reliefs which contain medallions of Soviet Army soldiers surrounded by ornaments. The pylons contain a bas-relief centred ventilation grilles which are flanked by two anodized aluminum torches that give the overall golden glow to the bright grey marble that faces them. The station walls are ceramic tiles and are decorated with relief images of gilded wreaths and stars. The end of a central hall contains a miniature triumphal arch with a metallic gate that walls of a blue lit room, symbolising the time of peaceful life. The floor of the station is laid with grey and red granite, and the perimeter of the central hall is also bordered out by a pattern of bright and dark marble.
The station has a large vestibule on the Octyabrskaya square (until 1922 – Kaluzhskaya square, named after the city of Kaluga) on the Garden Ring and hence the station's original name Kaluzhskaya (Калужская), renamed on 6 June 1961 to its present name (though the square's historic name was restored in 1992). The vestibule on exterior contains large bas-reliefs of trumpeters that are lit by lamps concealed as columns underneath. Inside the ticket and escalator halls are decorated with casts and bas-reliefs containing battle banners, weapons figures of the Soviet Army and women symbolizing glory (work by G.Motovilov). In 1989 the stand-alone structure was built into the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys.In 1962, a set of staircases were added to the central hall for a transfer to the newly opened Oktyabrskaya of the Kaluzhsko–Rizhskaya line.
| 0 |
[
"Oktyabrskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
Oktyabrskaya (Russian: Октя́брьская) is a station on the Koltsevaya line of the Moscow Metro. Opened on 1 January 1950, Oktyabrskaya was part of the first segment of the fourth stage. Designed by Leonid Polyakov who took the mid-19th century Neoclassical triumphal Empire style as the basis, and incorporated the themes of the 1812 Victory over Napoleon to match the 1945 Soviet victory in the second world war, applying to the standard pylon tri-vault design.
Both the central and platform vaults are divided by arches which have large bas-reliefs which contain medallions of Soviet Army soldiers surrounded by ornaments. The pylons contain a bas-relief centred ventilation grilles which are flanked by two anodized aluminum torches that give the overall golden glow to the bright grey marble that faces them. The station walls are ceramic tiles and are decorated with relief images of gilded wreaths and stars. The end of a central hall contains a miniature triumphal arch with a metallic gate that walls of a blue lit room, symbolising the time of peaceful life. The floor of the station is laid with grey and red granite, and the perimeter of the central hall is also bordered out by a pattern of bright and dark marble.
The station has a large vestibule on the Octyabrskaya square (until 1922 – Kaluzhskaya square, named after the city of Kaluga) on the Garden Ring and hence the station's original name Kaluzhskaya (Калужская), renamed on 6 June 1961 to its present name (though the square's historic name was restored in 1992). The vestibule on exterior contains large bas-reliefs of trumpeters that are lit by lamps concealed as columns underneath. Inside the ticket and escalator halls are decorated with casts and bas-reliefs containing battle banners, weapons figures of the Soviet Army and women symbolizing glory (work by G.Motovilov). In 1989 the stand-alone structure was built into the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys.In 1962, a set of staircases were added to the central hall for a transfer to the newly opened Oktyabrskaya of the Kaluzhsko–Rizhskaya line.
| 1 |
[
"Oktyabrskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Oktyabrskaya (Russian: Октя́брьская) is a station on the Koltsevaya line of the Moscow Metro. Opened on 1 January 1950, Oktyabrskaya was part of the first segment of the fourth stage. Designed by Leonid Polyakov who took the mid-19th century Neoclassical triumphal Empire style as the basis, and incorporated the themes of the 1812 Victory over Napoleon to match the 1945 Soviet victory in the second world war, applying to the standard pylon tri-vault design.
Both the central and platform vaults are divided by arches which have large bas-reliefs which contain medallions of Soviet Army soldiers surrounded by ornaments. The pylons contain a bas-relief centred ventilation grilles which are flanked by two anodized aluminum torches that give the overall golden glow to the bright grey marble that faces them. The station walls are ceramic tiles and are decorated with relief images of gilded wreaths and stars. The end of a central hall contains a miniature triumphal arch with a metallic gate that walls of a blue lit room, symbolising the time of peaceful life. The floor of the station is laid with grey and red granite, and the perimeter of the central hall is also bordered out by a pattern of bright and dark marble.
The station has a large vestibule on the Octyabrskaya square (until 1922 – Kaluzhskaya square, named after the city of Kaluga) on the Garden Ring and hence the station's original name Kaluzhskaya (Калужская), renamed on 6 June 1961 to its present name (though the square's historic name was restored in 1992). The vestibule on exterior contains large bas-reliefs of trumpeters that are lit by lamps concealed as columns underneath. Inside the ticket and escalator halls are decorated with casts and bas-reliefs containing battle banners, weapons figures of the Soviet Army and women symbolizing glory (work by G.Motovilov). In 1989 the stand-alone structure was built into the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys.In 1962, a set of staircases were added to the central hall for a transfer to the newly opened Oktyabrskaya of the Kaluzhsko–Rizhskaya line.
| 4 |
[
"Oktyabrskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"instance of",
"landmark"
] |
Oktyabrskaya (Russian: Октя́брьская) is a station on the Koltsevaya line of the Moscow Metro. Opened on 1 January 1950, Oktyabrskaya was part of the first segment of the fourth stage. Designed by Leonid Polyakov who took the mid-19th century Neoclassical triumphal Empire style as the basis, and incorporated the themes of the 1812 Victory over Napoleon to match the 1945 Soviet victory in the second world war, applying to the standard pylon tri-vault design.
Both the central and platform vaults are divided by arches which have large bas-reliefs which contain medallions of Soviet Army soldiers surrounded by ornaments. The pylons contain a bas-relief centred ventilation grilles which are flanked by two anodized aluminum torches that give the overall golden glow to the bright grey marble that faces them. The station walls are ceramic tiles and are decorated with relief images of gilded wreaths and stars. The end of a central hall contains a miniature triumphal arch with a metallic gate that walls of a blue lit room, symbolising the time of peaceful life. The floor of the station is laid with grey and red granite, and the perimeter of the central hall is also bordered out by a pattern of bright and dark marble.
The station has a large vestibule on the Octyabrskaya square (until 1922 – Kaluzhskaya square, named after the city of Kaluga) on the Garden Ring and hence the station's original name Kaluzhskaya (Калужская), renamed on 6 June 1961 to its present name (though the square's historic name was restored in 1992). The vestibule on exterior contains large bas-reliefs of trumpeters that are lit by lamps concealed as columns underneath. Inside the ticket and escalator halls are decorated with casts and bas-reliefs containing battle banners, weapons figures of the Soviet Army and women symbolizing glory (work by G.Motovilov). In 1989 the stand-alone structure was built into the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys.In 1962, a set of staircases were added to the central hall for a transfer to the newly opened Oktyabrskaya of the Kaluzhsko–Rizhskaya line.
| 5 |
[
"Oktyabrskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"architect",
"Leonid Michailovič Poljakov"
] |
Oktyabrskaya (Russian: Октя́брьская) is a station on the Koltsevaya line of the Moscow Metro. Opened on 1 January 1950, Oktyabrskaya was part of the first segment of the fourth stage. Designed by Leonid Polyakov who took the mid-19th century Neoclassical triumphal Empire style as the basis, and incorporated the themes of the 1812 Victory over Napoleon to match the 1945 Soviet victory in the second world war, applying to the standard pylon tri-vault design.
Both the central and platform vaults are divided by arches which have large bas-reliefs which contain medallions of Soviet Army soldiers surrounded by ornaments. The pylons contain a bas-relief centred ventilation grilles which are flanked by two anodized aluminum torches that give the overall golden glow to the bright grey marble that faces them. The station walls are ceramic tiles and are decorated with relief images of gilded wreaths and stars. The end of a central hall contains a miniature triumphal arch with a metallic gate that walls of a blue lit room, symbolising the time of peaceful life. The floor of the station is laid with grey and red granite, and the perimeter of the central hall is also bordered out by a pattern of bright and dark marble.
The station has a large vestibule on the Octyabrskaya square (until 1922 – Kaluzhskaya square, named after the city of Kaluga) on the Garden Ring and hence the station's original name Kaluzhskaya (Калужская), renamed on 6 June 1961 to its present name (though the square's historic name was restored in 1992). The vestibule on exterior contains large bas-reliefs of trumpeters that are lit by lamps concealed as columns underneath. Inside the ticket and escalator halls are decorated with casts and bas-reliefs containing battle banners, weapons figures of the Soviet Army and women symbolizing glory (work by G.Motovilov). In 1989 the stand-alone structure was built into the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys.In 1962, a set of staircases were added to the central hall for a transfer to the newly opened Oktyabrskaya of the Kaluzhsko–Rizhskaya line.
| 11 |
[
"Oktyabrskaya (Koltsevaya line)",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Oktyabrskaya (Russian: Октя́брьская) is a station on the Koltsevaya line of the Moscow Metro. Opened on 1 January 1950, Oktyabrskaya was part of the first segment of the fourth stage. Designed by Leonid Polyakov who took the mid-19th century Neoclassical triumphal Empire style as the basis, and incorporated the themes of the 1812 Victory over Napoleon to match the 1945 Soviet victory in the second world war, applying to the standard pylon tri-vault design.
Both the central and platform vaults are divided by arches which have large bas-reliefs which contain medallions of Soviet Army soldiers surrounded by ornaments. The pylons contain a bas-relief centred ventilation grilles which are flanked by two anodized aluminum torches that give the overall golden glow to the bright grey marble that faces them. The station walls are ceramic tiles and are decorated with relief images of gilded wreaths and stars. The end of a central hall contains a miniature triumphal arch with a metallic gate that walls of a blue lit room, symbolising the time of peaceful life. The floor of the station is laid with grey and red granite, and the perimeter of the central hall is also bordered out by a pattern of bright and dark marble.
The station has a large vestibule on the Octyabrskaya square (until 1922 – Kaluzhskaya square, named after the city of Kaluga) on the Garden Ring and hence the station's original name Kaluzhskaya (Калужская), renamed on 6 June 1961 to its present name (though the square's historic name was restored in 1992). The vestibule on exterior contains large bas-reliefs of trumpeters that are lit by lamps concealed as columns underneath. Inside the ticket and escalator halls are decorated with casts and bas-reliefs containing battle banners, weapons figures of the Soviet Army and women symbolizing glory (work by G.Motovilov). In 1989 the stand-alone structure was built into the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys.In 1962, a set of staircases were added to the central hall for a transfer to the newly opened Oktyabrskaya of the Kaluzhsko–Rizhskaya line.
| 13 |
[
"Proletarskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
Proletarskaya (Russian: Пролетарская) is a Moscow Metro station in Yuzhnoportovy District, South-Eastern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line, between Taganskaya and Volgogradsky Prospekt stations. Proletarskaya opened on 31 December 1966 as part of the Zhadovskiy radius. The station is a typical of the 1960s column tri-span functional design and like many stations built at the time lacks the design and decorative innovations that some of the more famous Moscow Metro stations exhibit. The architects Yuliya Kolesnikova and Yury Vdovin applied a bright theme. The pillars (slightly widening at the top) are revetted with white marble, whilst the floor is covered with grey granite of various tones and with labradorite. The walls are faced with glazed ceramic tiles of white and black (below platform level), which have decorations in the form of hammer and sickles made from anodized aluminium. The station has underground vestibules interlinked with subways under the Krestyanskaya Zastava Square with entrances covered by glazed concrete pavilions. In 1997 a footbridge was built over the northbound line, which serves as a third exit to the common vestibule with the station Krestyanskaya Zastava of the Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line and also acts as a transfer point. Currently the station has a passenger traffic of 61860 via surface and 120300 via the transfer.
| 1 |
[
"Proletarskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Proletarskaya (Russian: Пролетарская) is a Moscow Metro station in Yuzhnoportovy District, South-Eastern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line, between Taganskaya and Volgogradsky Prospekt stations. Proletarskaya opened on 31 December 1966 as part of the Zhadovskiy radius. The station is a typical of the 1960s column tri-span functional design and like many stations built at the time lacks the design and decorative innovations that some of the more famous Moscow Metro stations exhibit. The architects Yuliya Kolesnikova and Yury Vdovin applied a bright theme. The pillars (slightly widening at the top) are revetted with white marble, whilst the floor is covered with grey granite of various tones and with labradorite. The walls are faced with glazed ceramic tiles of white and black (below platform level), which have decorations in the form of hammer and sickles made from anodized aluminium. The station has underground vestibules interlinked with subways under the Krestyanskaya Zastava Square with entrances covered by glazed concrete pavilions. In 1997 a footbridge was built over the northbound line, which serves as a third exit to the common vestibule with the station Krestyanskaya Zastava of the Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line and also acts as a transfer point. Currently the station has a passenger traffic of 61860 via surface and 120300 via the transfer.
| 3 |
[
"Proletarskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Proletarskaya (Russian: Пролетарская) is a Moscow Metro station in Yuzhnoportovy District, South-Eastern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line, between Taganskaya and Volgogradsky Prospekt stations. Proletarskaya opened on 31 December 1966 as part of the Zhadovskiy radius. The station is a typical of the 1960s column tri-span functional design and like many stations built at the time lacks the design and decorative innovations that some of the more famous Moscow Metro stations exhibit. The architects Yuliya Kolesnikova and Yury Vdovin applied a bright theme. The pillars (slightly widening at the top) are revetted with white marble, whilst the floor is covered with grey granite of various tones and with labradorite. The walls are faced with glazed ceramic tiles of white and black (below platform level), which have decorations in the form of hammer and sickles made from anodized aluminium. The station has underground vestibules interlinked with subways under the Krestyanskaya Zastava Square with entrances covered by glazed concrete pavilions. In 1997 a footbridge was built over the northbound line, which serves as a third exit to the common vestibule with the station Krestyanskaya Zastava of the Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line and also acts as a transfer point. Currently the station has a passenger traffic of 61860 via surface and 120300 via the transfer.
| 11 |
[
"Proletarskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"architect",
"Yury Vdovin"
] |
Proletarskaya (Russian: Пролетарская) is a Moscow Metro station in Yuzhnoportovy District, South-Eastern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line, between Taganskaya and Volgogradsky Prospekt stations. Proletarskaya opened on 31 December 1966 as part of the Zhadovskiy radius. The station is a typical of the 1960s column tri-span functional design and like many stations built at the time lacks the design and decorative innovations that some of the more famous Moscow Metro stations exhibit. The architects Yuliya Kolesnikova and Yury Vdovin applied a bright theme. The pillars (slightly widening at the top) are revetted with white marble, whilst the floor is covered with grey granite of various tones and with labradorite. The walls are faced with glazed ceramic tiles of white and black (below platform level), which have decorations in the form of hammer and sickles made from anodized aluminium. The station has underground vestibules interlinked with subways under the Krestyanskaya Zastava Square with entrances covered by glazed concrete pavilions. In 1997 a footbridge was built over the northbound line, which serves as a third exit to the common vestibule with the station Krestyanskaya Zastava of the Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line and also acts as a transfer point. Currently the station has a passenger traffic of 61860 via surface and 120300 via the transfer.
| 12 |
[
"Bolshaya Koltsevaya line",
"instance of",
"circle route"
] |
The Bolshaya Koltsevaya line (Russian: Большая кольцевая линия), known in English as the Big Circle Line, designated Line 11 and 11A is a rapid transit line of the Moscow Metro. It is the third circle line on the system, running outside of the existing circle Koltsevaya line and interlocking with Moscow Central Circle.
The first section of the line opened on 26 February 2018 with the remaining stations opened on 1 March 2023. The line includes 31 stations including three from the former Kakhovskaya line and over 61 km (38 mi) long including a branch to Moscow International Business Center that is a part of future Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line. The circle line itself is 57.5 km (35.7 mi) long that makes it longest metro circle line in the world, surpassing Line 10 of Beijing Subway by 514 m (1,686 ft). In November 2017 the city estimated the total cost of the project at 501 billion rubles, up from earlier estimates of 378.9 billion rubles.Formerly known as the Third Interchange Contour, the city adopted "Bolshaya koltsevaya liniya" as the official name of the line after a vote via the "Active Citizen" web portal.
| 4 |
[
"Bolshaya Koltsevaya line",
"state of use",
"in use"
] |
First sections
The five stations from Petrovsky Park to Delovoy Tsentr opened on 26 February 2018. Savyolovskaya was opened on 30 December 2018.
| 13 |
[
"Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
The Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line (Russian: Арба́тско-Покро́вская ли́ния, IPA: [ɐrˈbatskə pɐˈkrofskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 3) is one of the lines of the Moscow Metro. Chronologically the second to open, it connects the Mitino District and the town of Krasnogorsk to the northwest of Moscow with the eastern suburbs of the Russian capital passing through the city centre. There are 22 stations on the line, which is 45.1 kilometres (28.0 mi) long, making it the longest line of the system.
| 6 |
[
"Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Moscow"
] |
The Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line (Russian: Арба́тско-Покро́вская ли́ния, IPA: [ɐrˈbatskə pɐˈkrofskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 3) is one of the lines of the Moscow Metro. Chronologically the second to open, it connects the Mitino District and the town of Krasnogorsk to the northwest of Moscow with the eastern suburbs of the Russian capital passing through the city centre. There are 22 stations on the line, which is 45.1 kilometres (28.0 mi) long, making it the longest line of the system.
| 7 |
[
"Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
The Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line (Russian: Арба́тско-Покро́вская ли́ния, IPA: [ɐrˈbatskə pɐˈkrofskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 3) is one of the lines of the Moscow Metro. Chronologically the second to open, it connects the Mitino District and the town of Krasnogorsk to the northwest of Moscow with the eastern suburbs of the Russian capital passing through the city centre. There are 22 stations on the line, which is 45.1 kilometres (28.0 mi) long, making it the longest line of the system.
| 9 |
[
"Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line"
] |
The Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line (Russian: Арба́тско-Покро́вская ли́ния, IPA: [ɐrˈbatskə pɐˈkrofskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 3) is one of the lines of the Moscow Metro. Chronologically the second to open, it connects the Mitino District and the town of Krasnogorsk to the northwest of Moscow with the eastern suburbs of the Russian capital passing through the city centre. There are 22 stations on the line, which is 45.1 kilometres (28.0 mi) long, making it the longest line of the system.
| 18 |
[
"Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line",
"instance of",
"rapid transit railway line"
] |
The Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line (Russian: Арба́тско-Покро́вская ли́ния, IPA: [ɐrˈbatskə pɐˈkrofskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 3) is one of the lines of the Moscow Metro. Chronologically the second to open, it connects the Mitino District and the town of Krasnogorsk to the northwest of Moscow with the eastern suburbs of the Russian capital passing through the city centre. There are 22 stations on the line, which is 45.1 kilometres (28.0 mi) long, making it the longest line of the system.
| 19 |
[
"Shabolovskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Shabolovskaya (Russian: Шаболовская, also known as Шаболовка (English: Shabolovka street)) is a station on the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. Though the station itself was built along with the rest of the Kaluzhskaya Line in 1962, problems with the escalator shaft postponed its opening until November 6, 1980. During the 18 intervening years the appearance of the platform was modernized, so it does not appear similar to the other 1960s stations on the line.
Shabolovskaya has pylons punctuated on all four faces by projecting piers and faced with white marble. The piers on the transverse faces of the pylons extend upward into the vaulted ceiling. The outer walls are clad in incongruously dark corrugated metal, which contrasts sharply with the bright white of the ceiling and pylons. At the end of the platform is a backlit stained glass panel on the theme of radio and television broadcasting. The station was designed by I.G. Petukhova, V.P. Kachurinets, N.I. Demchinsky, and Yu.A. Kolesnikova.
Shabolovskaya's entrance vestibule is on Shabolovka street south of the intersection with Academicial Petrovsky street.
| 0 |
[
"Krasnopresnenskaya",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Krasnopresnenskaya (Russian: Краснопре́сненская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Presnensky District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya line, between Kiyevskaya and Belorusskaya stations. It was named for the street, Krasnaya Presnya, on which it is situated. Passengers may transfer to Barrikadnaya station on the Tagansko–Krasnopresnenskaya line.
| 1 |
[
"Krasnopresnenskaya",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Krasnopresnenskaya (Russian: Краснопре́сненская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Presnensky District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya line, between Kiyevskaya and Belorusskaya stations. It was named for the street, Krasnaya Presnya, on which it is situated. Passengers may transfer to Barrikadnaya station on the Tagansko–Krasnopresnenskaya line.
| 8 |
[
"Krasnopresnenskaya",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Presnensky District"
] |
Krasnopresnenskaya (Russian: Краснопре́сненская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Presnensky District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya line, between Kiyevskaya and Belorusskaya stations. It was named for the street, Krasnaya Presnya, on which it is situated. Passengers may transfer to Barrikadnaya station on the Tagansko–Krasnopresnenskaya line.
| 10 |
[
"Krasnopresnenskaya",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Krasnopresnenskaya (Russian: Краснопре́сненская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Presnensky District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya line, between Kiyevskaya and Belorusskaya stations. It was named for the street, Krasnaya Presnya, on which it is situated. Passengers may transfer to Barrikadnaya station on the Tagansko–Krasnopresnenskaya line.
| 11 |
[
"Krasnopresnenskaya",
"architect",
"Mikhail Konstantinov"
] |
Design and Layout
It was designed by Victor Yegerev, M. Konstantinov, Felix Novikov, and I. Pokrovsky and opened on 14 March 1954. The station has red granite pylons with white marble cornices and 14 bas-reliefs by N. Shcherbakov, Yu. Pommer, Yu. Ushakov, V. Fedorov, and G. Kolesnikov. As the Presnya area of Moscow was the site of the Moscow Uprising of 1905 during the 1905 Russian Revolution, the station is decorated with artwork commemorating the events of the period. Eight of the bas-reliefs depict the events of the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the other six show scenes from the Russian Revolution of 1917. Statues of Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin originally stood at the end of the platform, though these had been removed by the early 1960s. Later, the passage to Barrikadnaya was built in the same location.
The station's round vestibule is on the south side of Krasnaya Presnya street, between Druzhinnikovskaya and Konyushkovskaya streets. A sculpture by A. Zelinsky entitled "Combatant" is located in front.
| 15 |
[
"Krasnopresnenskaya",
"architect",
"Feliks Novikov"
] |
Krasnopresnenskaya (Russian: Краснопре́сненская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Presnensky District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Koltsevaya line, between Kiyevskaya and Belorusskaya stations. It was named for the street, Krasnaya Presnya, on which it is situated. Passengers may transfer to Barrikadnaya station on the Tagansko–Krasnopresnenskaya line.Design and Layout
It was designed by Victor Yegerev, M. Konstantinov, Felix Novikov, and I. Pokrovsky and opened on 14 March 1954. The station has red granite pylons with white marble cornices and 14 bas-reliefs by N. Shcherbakov, Yu. Pommer, Yu. Ushakov, V. Fedorov, and G. Kolesnikov. As the Presnya area of Moscow was the site of the Moscow Uprising of 1905 during the 1905 Russian Revolution, the station is decorated with artwork commemorating the events of the period. Eight of the bas-reliefs depict the events of the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the other six show scenes from the Russian Revolution of 1917. Statues of Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin originally stood at the end of the platform, though these had been removed by the early 1960s. Later, the passage to Barrikadnaya was built in the same location.
The station's round vestibule is on the south side of Krasnaya Presnya street, between Druzhinnikovskaya and Konyushkovskaya streets. A sculpture by A. Zelinsky entitled "Combatant" is located in front.
| 16 |
[
"Krasnopresnenskaya",
"architect",
"Igor' Pokrovskiy"
] |
Design and Layout
It was designed by Victor Yegerev, M. Konstantinov, Felix Novikov, and I. Pokrovsky and opened on 14 March 1954. The station has red granite pylons with white marble cornices and 14 bas-reliefs by N. Shcherbakov, Yu. Pommer, Yu. Ushakov, V. Fedorov, and G. Kolesnikov. As the Presnya area of Moscow was the site of the Moscow Uprising of 1905 during the 1905 Russian Revolution, the station is decorated with artwork commemorating the events of the period. Eight of the bas-reliefs depict the events of the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the other six show scenes from the Russian Revolution of 1917. Statues of Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin originally stood at the end of the platform, though these had been removed by the early 1960s. Later, the passage to Barrikadnaya was built in the same location.
The station's round vestibule is on the south side of Krasnaya Presnya street, between Druzhinnikovskaya and Konyushkovskaya streets. A sculpture by A. Zelinsky entitled "Combatant" is located in front.
| 17 |
[
"Novogireyevo (Moscow Metro)",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Novogireyevo (Russian: Новогиреево) is a Moscow Metro station on the Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya Line. It was constructed in 1979 in Moscow's Novogireyevo District, as the final terminus of the Kalininsky radius. The status of terminus ended following the inauguration of Novokosino, extension to the east, on August 30, 2012. The station has entrances at both ends, and is at a depth of nine metres. About 110 000 passengers use Novogireyevo station daily.
| 0 |
[
"Novogireyevo (Moscow Metro)",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
Novogireyevo (Russian: Новогиреево) is a Moscow Metro station on the Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya Line. It was constructed in 1979 in Moscow's Novogireyevo District, as the final terminus of the Kalininsky radius. The status of terminus ended following the inauguration of Novokosino, extension to the east, on August 30, 2012. The station has entrances at both ends, and is at a depth of nine metres. About 110 000 passengers use Novogireyevo station daily.
| 1 |
[
"Novogireyevo (Moscow Metro)",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Novogireyevo District"
] |
Novogireyevo (Russian: Новогиреево) is a Moscow Metro station on the Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya Line. It was constructed in 1979 in Moscow's Novogireyevo District, as the final terminus of the Kalininsky radius. The status of terminus ended following the inauguration of Novokosino, extension to the east, on August 30, 2012. The station has entrances at both ends, and is at a depth of nine metres. About 110 000 passengers use Novogireyevo station daily.
| 6 |
[
"Novogireyevo (Moscow Metro)",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Novogireyevo (Russian: Новогиреево) is a Moscow Metro station on the Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya Line. It was constructed in 1979 in Moscow's Novogireyevo District, as the final terminus of the Kalininsky radius. The status of terminus ended following the inauguration of Novokosino, extension to the east, on August 30, 2012. The station has entrances at both ends, and is at a depth of nine metres. About 110 000 passengers use Novogireyevo station daily.
| 9 |
[
"Kolomenskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"country",
"Russia"
] |
Kolomenskaya (Russian: Коло́менская) is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro in Moscow, Russia. It was named after the nearby Kolomenskoye museum-park. The station is situated at the intersection of Andropov avenue, Nagatinskaya and Sudostroitelnaya (literally Shipbuilding) streetsHistory
Kolomenskaya Station was opened on 11 August 1969 as a part of the southern line extension of the Moscow Metro system.
The stations has been closed since 12 November 2022 due to the reconstruction works.
| 0 |
[
"Kolomenskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"transport network",
"Moscow Metro"
] |
Kolomenskaya (Russian: Коло́менская) is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro in Moscow, Russia. It was named after the nearby Kolomenskoye museum-park. The station is situated at the intersection of Andropov avenue, Nagatinskaya and Sudostroitelnaya (literally Shipbuilding) streetsHistory
Kolomenskaya Station was opened on 11 August 1969 as a part of the southern line extension of the Moscow Metro system.
The stations has been closed since 12 November 2022 due to the reconstruction works.
| 1 |
[
"Kolomenskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"instance of",
"metro station"
] |
Kolomenskaya (Russian: Коло́менская) is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro in Moscow, Russia. It was named after the nearby Kolomenskoye museum-park. The station is situated at the intersection of Andropov avenue, Nagatinskaya and Sudostroitelnaya (literally Shipbuilding) streetsHistory
Kolomenskaya Station was opened on 11 August 1969 as a part of the southern line extension of the Moscow Metro system.
The stations has been closed since 12 November 2022 due to the reconstruction works.
| 3 |
[
"Kolomenskaya (Moscow Metro)",
"instance of",
"station located underground"
] |
Kolomenskaya (Russian: Коло́менская) is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro in Moscow, Russia. It was named after the nearby Kolomenskoye museum-park. The station is situated at the intersection of Andropov avenue, Nagatinskaya and Sudostroitelnaya (literally Shipbuilding) streetsHistory
Kolomenskaya Station was opened on 11 August 1969 as a part of the southern line extension of the Moscow Metro system.
The stations has been closed since 12 November 2022 due to the reconstruction works.
| 7 |
[
"Itema",
"country",
"Italy"
] |
Itema S.p.a. is a multinational Italian company that produces textile machinery for all types of weaving.History
The history of Itema begins in 1967 with the birth of Somet, leading textile machinery company, in the province of Bergamo in northern Italy.
In 2000, the company changed its name to Promatech, after the acquisition of Vamatex, another important textile machinery manufacturing company, also located in the Bergamo area.
The new company acquired SulTex (Sulzer textile), a Swiss textile machinery manufacturing company, whose origins date back to 1834, and the exclusive producer of projectile looms in the world.In 2012, the three historic brands – Somet, Vamatex and Sulzer/ Sultex – changed name and re-branded as one unique Itema brand.In February 2014, the company launched Itema Academy, a program to recruit and retain promising young people and recent graduates in collaboration with Confindustria Bergamo, and opened ItemaLab in March, a new research incubator in the Kilometro Rosso technology park, just outside Bergamo.
| 0 |
[
"Runa Capital",
"instance of",
"enterprise"
] |
History
Runa Capital was founded by technological entrepreneurs Serg Bell and Ilya Zubarev (founders of Acronis and Parallels), and their MIPT university friend Dmitry Chikhachev. The idea of the venture firm took shape in 2009 and was formally incorporated in 2010. The partners contributed their own money into the first fund and raised capital from friends and other international investors including Achim Weiss and Andreas Gauger, founders of German hosting provider 1&1, and Edward Nicholson, former CEO of Brunswick-UBS.In 2011, Andre Bliznyuk joined Runa Capital as a General partner. In 2022, the firm promoted its principials Konstantin Vinogradov and Michael Fanfant to general partners focusing on Europe and the U.S., respectively. As of June 2022, the firm had over 427 million dollars under management in 3 funds.
| 7 |
[
"Runa Capital",
"instance of",
"venture capital firm"
] |
Runa Capital is an international venture capital firm headquartered in Luxembourg that invests in deep tech (AI, machine learning, middleware, open source, etc), cloud business software, fintech, edutech and digital health startups in early stages. From 2010 through 2022 Runa Capital raised 3 funds and invested in over 100 companies in more than 14 countries of Europe and North America, including Nginx, MariaDB, Zopa, Brainly, drchrono, Smava, and Mambu.History
Runa Capital was founded by technological entrepreneurs Serg Bell and Ilya Zubarev (founders of Acronis and Parallels), and their MIPT university friend Dmitry Chikhachev. The idea of the venture firm took shape in 2009 and was formally incorporated in 2010. The partners contributed their own money into the first fund and raised capital from friends and other international investors including Achim Weiss and Andreas Gauger, founders of German hosting provider 1&1, and Edward Nicholson, former CEO of Brunswick-UBS.In 2011, Andre Bliznyuk joined Runa Capital as a General partner. In 2022, the firm promoted its principials Konstantin Vinogradov and Michael Fanfant to general partners focusing on Europe and the U.S., respectively. As of June 2022, the firm had over 427 million dollars under management in 3 funds.
| 9 |
[
"Runa Capital",
"founded by",
"Serg Bell"
] |
History
Runa Capital was founded by technological entrepreneurs Serg Bell and Ilya Zubarev (founders of Acronis and Parallels), and their MIPT university friend Dmitry Chikhachev. The idea of the venture firm took shape in 2009 and was formally incorporated in 2010. The partners contributed their own money into the first fund and raised capital from friends and other international investors including Achim Weiss and Andreas Gauger, founders of German hosting provider 1&1, and Edward Nicholson, former CEO of Brunswick-UBS.In 2011, Andre Bliznyuk joined Runa Capital as a General partner. In 2022, the firm promoted its principials Konstantin Vinogradov and Michael Fanfant to general partners focusing on Europe and the U.S., respectively. As of June 2022, the firm had over 427 million dollars under management in 3 funds.
| 10 |
[
"Runa Capital",
"instance of",
"business"
] |
Runa Capital is an international venture capital firm headquartered in Luxembourg that invests in deep tech (AI, machine learning, middleware, open source, etc), cloud business software, fintech, edutech and digital health startups in early stages. From 2010 through 2022 Runa Capital raised 3 funds and invested in over 100 companies in more than 14 countries of Europe and North America, including Nginx, MariaDB, Zopa, Brainly, drchrono, Smava, and Mambu.History
Runa Capital was founded by technological entrepreneurs Serg Bell and Ilya Zubarev (founders of Acronis and Parallels), and their MIPT university friend Dmitry Chikhachev. The idea of the venture firm took shape in 2009 and was formally incorporated in 2010. The partners contributed their own money into the first fund and raised capital from friends and other international investors including Achim Weiss and Andreas Gauger, founders of German hosting provider 1&1, and Edward Nicholson, former CEO of Brunswick-UBS.In 2011, Andre Bliznyuk joined Runa Capital as a General partner. In 2022, the firm promoted its principials Konstantin Vinogradov and Michael Fanfant to general partners focusing on Europe and the U.S., respectively. As of June 2022, the firm had over 427 million dollars under management in 3 funds.
| 11 |
[
"Virtu Financial",
"headquarters location",
"New York City"
] |
Virtu Financial is an American company that provides financial services, trading products and market making services. Virtu provides product suite including offerings in execution, liquidity sourcing, analytics and broker-neutral, multi-dealer platforms in workflow technology and two-sided quotations and trades in equities, commodities, currencies, options, fixed income, and other securities on over 230 exchanges, markets, and dark pools. Virtu uses proprietary technology to trade large volumes of securities. The company went public on the Nasdaq in 2015.Organization
Based in New York City, Virtu was founded by Vincent Viola, a former chairman of the New York Mercantile Exchange and current owner of the Florida Panthers. Douglas Cifu, Virtu's CEO since October 2013, co-founded Virtu with Viola in 2008. Cifu is also a co-owner of the Florida Panthers with Viola and serves as the Panthers’ alternate governor. Prior to co-founding Virtu, Cifu was a partner at the international law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP, where he practiced corporate law from 1990 to 2008.
The company suggested standards for electronic firms that call themselves market maker. Virtu believes market makers should be obligated to quote at or near the inside of the national best bid and offer throughout the day and quote at various price points in a number of different securities. Virtu was ranked as one of the five largest high-frequency traders of equities in Europe in 2011.In November 2014, Reuters reported that Chris Concannon, president and chief operating officer at Virtu Financial, will succeed William O'Brien as president of BATS Global Markets, a trading venue that was founded by high-frequency traders.Virtu has offices in New York City (headquarters), Austin, Los Angeles, Boston, Chicago, London, Sydney, Dublin, and Singapore. It expanded its European headquarters to Dublin in September, 2013. Virtu Financial Ireland Limited is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.
| 0 |
[
"Virtu Financial",
"founded by",
"Vincent Viola"
] |
Organization
Based in New York City, Virtu was founded by Vincent Viola, a former chairman of the New York Mercantile Exchange and current owner of the Florida Panthers. Douglas Cifu, Virtu's CEO since October 2013, co-founded Virtu with Viola in 2008. Cifu is also a co-owner of the Florida Panthers with Viola and serves as the Panthers’ alternate governor. Prior to co-founding Virtu, Cifu was a partner at the international law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP, where he practiced corporate law from 1990 to 2008.
The company suggested standards for electronic firms that call themselves market maker. Virtu believes market makers should be obligated to quote at or near the inside of the national best bid and offer throughout the day and quote at various price points in a number of different securities. Virtu was ranked as one of the five largest high-frequency traders of equities in Europe in 2011.In November 2014, Reuters reported that Chris Concannon, president and chief operating officer at Virtu Financial, will succeed William O'Brien as president of BATS Global Markets, a trading venue that was founded by high-frequency traders.Virtu has offices in New York City (headquarters), Austin, Los Angeles, Boston, Chicago, London, Sydney, Dublin, and Singapore. It expanded its European headquarters to Dublin in September, 2013. Virtu Financial Ireland Limited is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.
| 3 |
[
"Virtu Financial",
"industry",
"financial services"
] |
Virtu Financial is an American company that provides financial services, trading products and market making services. Virtu provides product suite including offerings in execution, liquidity sourcing, analytics and broker-neutral, multi-dealer platforms in workflow technology and two-sided quotations and trades in equities, commodities, currencies, options, fixed income, and other securities on over 230 exchanges, markets, and dark pools. Virtu uses proprietary technology to trade large volumes of securities. The company went public on the Nasdaq in 2015.
| 4 |
[
"Virtu Financial",
"instance of",
"public company"
] |
Virtu Financial is an American company that provides financial services, trading products and market making services. Virtu provides product suite including offerings in execution, liquidity sourcing, analytics and broker-neutral, multi-dealer platforms in workflow technology and two-sided quotations and trades in equities, commodities, currencies, options, fixed income, and other securities on over 230 exchanges, markets, and dark pools. Virtu uses proprietary technology to trade large volumes of securities. The company went public on the Nasdaq in 2015.
| 5 |
[
"Virtu Financial",
"instance of",
"business"
] |
Virtu Financial is an American company that provides financial services, trading products and market making services. Virtu provides product suite including offerings in execution, liquidity sourcing, analytics and broker-neutral, multi-dealer platforms in workflow technology and two-sided quotations and trades in equities, commodities, currencies, options, fixed income, and other securities on over 230 exchanges, markets, and dark pools. Virtu uses proprietary technology to trade large volumes of securities. The company went public on the Nasdaq in 2015.Organization
Based in New York City, Virtu was founded by Vincent Viola, a former chairman of the New York Mercantile Exchange and current owner of the Florida Panthers. Douglas Cifu, Virtu's CEO since October 2013, co-founded Virtu with Viola in 2008. Cifu is also a co-owner of the Florida Panthers with Viola and serves as the Panthers’ alternate governor. Prior to co-founding Virtu, Cifu was a partner at the international law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP, where he practiced corporate law from 1990 to 2008.
The company suggested standards for electronic firms that call themselves market maker. Virtu believes market makers should be obligated to quote at or near the inside of the national best bid and offer throughout the day and quote at various price points in a number of different securities. Virtu was ranked as one of the five largest high-frequency traders of equities in Europe in 2011.In November 2014, Reuters reported that Chris Concannon, president and chief operating officer at Virtu Financial, will succeed William O'Brien as president of BATS Global Markets, a trading venue that was founded by high-frequency traders.Virtu has offices in New York City (headquarters), Austin, Los Angeles, Boston, Chicago, London, Sydney, Dublin, and Singapore. It expanded its European headquarters to Dublin in September, 2013. Virtu Financial Ireland Limited is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.
| 6 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"legal form",
"Societas Europaea"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 4 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"replaces",
"European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company"
] |
History
The current company is the product of consolidation in the European aerospace industry tracing back to the formation of the Airbus Industrie GIE consortium in 1970. In 2000, the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) NV was established. In addition to other subsidiaries pertaining to security and space activities, EADS owned 100% of the pre-existing Eurocopter SA, established in 1992, as well as 80% of Airbus Industrie GIE. In 2001, Airbus Industrie GIE was reorganised as Airbus SAS, a simplified joint-stock company. In 2006, EADS acquired BAE Systems's remaining 20% of Airbus. EADS NV was renamed Airbus Group NV and SE in 2014, and 2015, respectively. Due to the dominance of the Airbus SAS division within Airbus Group SE, the executive committees of the parent and subsidiary companies were aligned in January 2017, but the companies were kept as separate legal entities. The holding company was given its present name in April 2017.
| 9 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"product or material produced",
"airplane"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 10 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"headquarters location",
"Toulouse"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 12 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"has subsidiary",
"Airbus Helicopters"
] |
Helicopters
Airbus Helicopters, formerly known as Eurocopter, is a helicopter manufacturing and support company.
| 13 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"follows",
"Dornier"
] |
Subsidiaries
Airbus APWorks
AirBusiness Academy
Airbus Group, Inc. – (previously EADS North America) the U.S. holding company for the North American activities of Airbus Group
Airbus Transport International – Cargo Airline managing the transportation of Airbus parts between different facilities.
Airbus Protect
Airbus Crisa
Dornier Consulting
NAVBLUE
Premium AEROTEC
Satair
Stelia Aerospace
Testia
UP42
| 17 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"has subsidiary",
"Astrium"
] |
Defence and space
The division Airbus Defence and Space was formed in January 2014 as part of the group restructuring from the former EADS divisions Airbus Military, Astrium, and Cassidian (composed of Cassidian Electronics – develops and manufactures sensors, radars, avionics and electronic warfare systems for military and security applications, Cassidian Air Systems – develops manned and unmanned aerial systems (UAVs), mission avionics, electronic defence and warning systems and Cassidian Systems – provides global security systems such as command & control, lead system integration, TETRA and TETRAPOL communication systems for public safety, industry, transportation and defence. This line of business was the first one in the world to begin field tests with TETRA Enhanced Data Service (TEDS).).
EADS 3 Sigma – a Hellenic company focused on the design, development, production and services provision of airborne and surface target drone systems.The Airbus Military division, which manufactured tanker, transport and mission aircraft; Airbus Helicopters, the world's largest helicopter supplier; Astrium, provided systems for aerial, land, naval and civilian security applications including Ariane, Galileo and Cassidian. Through Cassidian, EADS was a partner in the Eurofighter consortium as well as in the missile systems provider MBDA.
| 19 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"instance of",
"concern"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 21 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"industry",
"aviation"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 27 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"chairperson",
"René Obermann"
] |
Senior leadership
The corporate management of Airbus is:
Chairman: René Obermann (since April 2020)
Chief Executive: Guillaume Faury (since April 2019)
| 30 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"has subsidiary",
"Cassidian"
] |
Defence and space
The division Airbus Defence and Space was formed in January 2014 as part of the group restructuring from the former EADS divisions Airbus Military, Astrium, and Cassidian (composed of Cassidian Electronics – develops and manufactures sensors, radars, avionics and electronic warfare systems for military and security applications, Cassidian Air Systems – develops manned and unmanned aerial systems (UAVs), mission avionics, electronic defence and warning systems and Cassidian Systems – provides global security systems such as command & control, lead system integration, TETRA and TETRAPOL communication systems for public safety, industry, transportation and defence. This line of business was the first one in the world to begin field tests with TETRA Enhanced Data Service (TEDS).).
EADS 3 Sigma – a Hellenic company focused on the design, development, production and services provision of airborne and surface target drone systems.The Airbus Military division, which manufactured tanker, transport and mission aircraft; Airbus Helicopters, the world's largest helicopter supplier; Astrium, provided systems for aerial, land, naval and civilian security applications including Ariane, Galileo and Cassidian. Through Cassidian, EADS was a partner in the Eurofighter consortium as well as in the missile systems provider MBDA.
| 32 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"instance of",
"business"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 36 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"instance of",
"public company"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.Financial information
In October 2005 the British Ministry of Defence warned European politicians to stop, as it sees it, interfering in the corporate governance of EADS. The former UK Defence Procurement Minister Lord Drayson hinted that the UK government, a major customer for EADS, may withhold future contracts. "As a key customer, we see it as important for EADS to move in a direction that is free from political interference."On 4 April 2006, DaimlerChrysler announced its intention to reduce its shareholding from 30 % to 22.5 %. The company places a value of the stake at "approximately €2.0 billion." Lagardère will reduce its holding by an identical amount. However, Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations, a unit of the French government, acquired 2.25 % of EADS. At issue ,as a result, is the fact that the German and French shareholdings are now in imbalance.On 30 August 2006, shortly after the stock price decline caused by the A380 delivery delays, more than 5 % of EADS stock has been reportedly purchased by the Russian state-owned Vneshtorgbank. Now its share is nearly 6 %. In December 2007, Vneshtorgbank sold EADS shares to another state-controlled bank Vneshekonombank. EADS sharers are to be delivered by Vneshekonombank to the charter capital of JSC "United Aircraft Corporation" in 2008.On 3 October 2006, shortly after EADS admitted further delays in the Airbus 380 programme would cost the company 4.8 billion euros in lost earnings in 2010, EADS shares, traded on the Paris arm of Euronext, were suspended after they surpassed the 10 % loss limit. Trading resumed later in the day with the one-day loss holding at 7 %.
In 2007, Dubai Holding acquired 3.12 % of EADS stock, making the Dubai buy-out fund one of the largest institutional shareholders.In 2008, EADS had arms sales equivalent to $17.9 billion, which constituted 28 % of total revenue.In April 2013, Daimler sold its shares in EADS.As of 22 June 2018, 73.6 % of Airbus Group stock is publicly traded on six European stock exchanges, while the remaining 26.4 % is owned by a "Contractual Partnership". As of 26 April 2018, the partnership is owned by SOGEPA (11.1%), GZBV (11.1%) and SEPI (4.2%). SOGEPA is owned by the French State, GZBV is majority owned by KfW, and SEPI is a Spanish state holding company.In April 2020, Airbus announced that it has cut aircraft production by a third due to the COVID-19 outbreak. According to Guillaume Faury, the company was "bleeding cash at an unprecedented speed." The recession put its survival at stake and presented the need for deep job cuts throughout all Airbus departments. 3,000 workers in France were involved in government-assisted furlough schemes.
| 38 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"instance of",
"enterprise"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 39 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"industry",
"aircraft construction"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 44 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"has subsidiary",
"Airbus Defence and Space"
] |
Airbus SE (; French: [ɛʁbys] (listen); German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] (listen); Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European multinational aerospace corporation. Airbus designs, manufactures and sells commercial aircraft and has separate Defence and Space and Helicopters divisions. As of 2019, Airbus is the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.The company was founded in 1970 as a collaboration of European aerospace companies to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners, which would later merge together. Reflecting this multi-national origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.
Airbus's registered headquarters is in Leiden, Netherlands, but its head office is located in Toulouse, France. The 'SE' in its corporate name means it is a societas Europaea, which enables it to be registered as a European rather than a national corporation. Its shares are traded in France, Germany, and Spain. The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.The company delivered its 12,000th aircraft in May 2019. In 2016, the company estimated that its fleet had performed more than 110 million flights, totalling over 215 billion kilometres and carrying 12 billion passengers.
| 48 |
[
"Airbus Group",
"has subsidiary",
"STELIA Aerospace"
] |
Subsidiaries
Airbus APWorks
AirBusiness Academy
Airbus Group, Inc. – (previously EADS North America) the U.S. holding company for the North American activities of Airbus Group
Airbus Transport International – Cargo Airline managing the transportation of Airbus parts between different facilities.
Airbus Protect
Airbus Crisa
Dornier Consulting
NAVBLUE
Premium AEROTEC
Satair
Stelia Aerospace
Testia
UP42
| 50 |
[
"Aérospatiale",
"headquarters location",
"Paris"
] |
Aérospatiale (French pronunciation: [aeʁɔspasjal]), sometimes styled Aerospatiale, was a French state-owned aerospace manufacturer that built both civilian and military aircraft, rockets and satellites. It was originally known as Société nationale industrielle aérospatiale (SNIAS). Its head office was in the 16th arrondissement of Paris. The name was changed to Aérospatiale during 1970.During the 1990s, Aérospatiale underwent several significant restructures and mergers. Its helicopter division was, along with Germany's DaimlerBenz Aerospace AG (DASA), combined to form the Eurocopter Group. In 1999, the majority of Aérospatiale, except for its satellite activities, merged with French conglomerate Matra's defense wing, Matra Haute Technologie, to form Aérospatiale-Matra. That same year, the satellite manufacturing division merged with Alcatel to become Alcatel Space, now Thales Alenia Space. In 2001, Aérospatiale-Matra merged with Spanish aviation company Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA) and German defense firm DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (DASA) to form the multinational European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS). Currently, the majority of the former assets of the company are part of the multinational Airbus consortium.
| 2 |
[
"Aérospatiale",
"owned by",
"France"
] |
Aérospatiale (French pronunciation: [aeʁɔspasjal]), sometimes styled Aerospatiale, was a French state-owned aerospace manufacturer that built both civilian and military aircraft, rockets and satellites. It was originally known as Société nationale industrielle aérospatiale (SNIAS). Its head office was in the 16th arrondissement of Paris. The name was changed to Aérospatiale during 1970.During the 1990s, Aérospatiale underwent several significant restructures and mergers. Its helicopter division was, along with Germany's DaimlerBenz Aerospace AG (DASA), combined to form the Eurocopter Group. In 1999, the majority of Aérospatiale, except for its satellite activities, merged with French conglomerate Matra's defense wing, Matra Haute Technologie, to form Aérospatiale-Matra. That same year, the satellite manufacturing division merged with Alcatel to become Alcatel Space, now Thales Alenia Space. In 2001, Aérospatiale-Matra merged with Spanish aviation company Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA) and German defense firm DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (DASA) to form the multinational European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS). Currently, the majority of the former assets of the company are part of the multinational Airbus consortium.History
Formation
During 1970, Aérospatiale was created under the name SNIAS as a result of the merger of several French state-owned companies - Sud Aviation, Nord Aviation and Société d'étude et de réalisation d'engins balistiques (SEREB). The newly formed entity was the largest aerospace company in France. From the onset, the French government owned a controlling stake in Aérospatiale; at one stage, a 97 per cent ownership of the company was held by the government.In 1971, Aérospatiale was managed by the French industrialist Henri Ziegler; that same year, the firm's North American marketing and sales arm, which had previously operated under the trading name of the French Aerospace Corporation, was officially rebranded as the European Aerospace Corporation, which was intended to better reflect Aérospatiale's increasing focus on collaborative efforts with its European partners.
| 3 |
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