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Awapuni Awapuni is the name of three distinct places in New Zealand: Awapuni, Gisborne is a suburb of Gisborne city Awapuni, Manawatu-Wanganui is a suburb of Palmerston North city Awapuni, Wellington is a suburb of Lower Hutt city

Dunrobin, Ontario Dunrobin is a community in West Carleton-March Ward in the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is located about 35 kilometres northwest of Downtown Ottawa. Dunrobin lies within a valley, nestled between the Ottawa River and the Carp escarpment, and is located at 45.18° latitude and 75.55° longitude. Dunrobin is located on the former boundary between West Carleton Township and Kanata (formerly March Township). Dunrobin was amalgamated with the city of Ottawa in 2000. Dunrobin is expanding steadily with a current population of about 1,000 people. The Dunrobin Community Association defines the community boundaries as Murphy Sideroad, Constance Lake Road and Berry Sideroad on the south, the Ottawa River to the east, a line following Limestone Road to Kinburn Sideroad to Stonecrest Road to Thomas A. Dolan Parkway to Marchhurst Road, and on the north by a line following Kilmaurs Sideroad to Woodkilton Road to Kinburn Sideroad to Constance Creek on the north. Dunrobin was settled in the 19th century at the corner of Dunrobin Road and Thomas A. Dolan Parkway. The town centre comprises a community centre with outdoor recreation facilities and a number of small businesses. While originally started as an agricultural community it now serves mostly as a focal point within a larger community that has a mixed population of farmers, commuters who work in Kanata and Ottawa-Gatineau, cottagers and pensioners. Some nearby points of interest include Fitzroy Provincial Park, Constance Bay and the Diefenbunker museum. Dunrobin took its name from Dunrobin Castle near Inverness, Scotland. On September 21, 2018, a high-end EF3 tornado struck the community, damaging or destroying 60 buildings and seriously injuring three people. References Community Association Category:Neighbourhoods in Ottawa

Oligolepis Oligolepis is a genus of fish in the goby family Gobiidae, native to marine, fresh and brackish waters of the coastal areas of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Species There are currently 6 recognized species in this genus: Oligolepis acutipennis (Valenciennes, 1837) (Sharptail goby) Oligolepis cylindriceps (Hora, 1923) Oligolepis dasi (Talwar, Chatterjee & Dev Roy, 1982) Oligolepis jaarmani (M. C. W. Weber, 1913) Oligolepis keiensis (J.L.B. Smith, 1938) (Kei goby) Oligolepis stomias (H. M. Smith, 1941) The genera Oligolepis and Oxyurichthys were rearranged by Larsson and Pezold in 2015 and O. keiensis was moved to Oxyurichthys while two other species Oligolepis formosanus and Oligolepis nijsseni were added to this genus. References Category:Gobionellinae * Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

Hipódromo Camarero Hipódromo Camarero, formerly known as El Nuevo Comandante, is a horse racing building located in Canóvanas, Puerto Rico, to the east of San Juan and Carolina. It is about a fifteen-minute drive from Carolina's Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport, and 25 minutes east from the Isla Verde hotel area. The new administration of Camarero Race Track Corporation start operations on January 5, 2007. El Nuevo Comandante was built in 1976,and opened on October 31, 1976, to substitute the original "El Comandante" building, which had been located in Carolina, from January 1957 to mid October 1976. It has become arguably the most important horse racing complex in the island, holding horse races every Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday. El Nuevo Comandante features a betting window, in which players can try their luck at different games, such as "El Pool Pote" and others. The top award a player can win at El Nuevo Comandante is the "Pool Pote" (Pool Pot) and it reached a staggering 12 Million dollars and has been the largest pot ever won in Puerto Rico's Horse Racing Industry. In addition to the betting windows at El Nuevo Comandante, the Industry has a link of betting agencies throughout Puerto Rico. These are called "agencias hipicas", and people can go there to place bets as well and enjoy local refreshments and snacks. Races at "El Nuevo Comandante" have been shown on local television and Les Oraliens on radio since the building was inaugurated. Some of the most famous television sportscasters in Puerto Rican history have commented from there, including Norman H. Davila and Manolo Rivera Morales. Some famous jockeys have run there too, including Hall of Famer Angel Cordero, John Velazquez and J.C. Diaz. Famous horses imported to run at El Nuevo Comandante have been: Kentucky Derby and Belmont Stakes winner Bold Forbes, Santa Anita Derby winner Mister Frisky, Bandit Bomber and Dawn Glory (Stakes winner in USA). Among the native horses: Hurly Road (Triple Crown winner), Ribot's Verset (one of the best sires in Puerto Rican history), My favorite Place (Multiple allowance winner in California) Capa Prieto (undefeated for years), Camarero (Holds a record of 56 consecutive wins in a row), Vuelve Candy B (Triple Crown and Caribbean Derby winner and the only horse to earn a million dollars in Puerto Rico), Verset Dancer (Caribbean Derby winner and winner in USA) and Verset's Jet (son of Verset Dancer) who's the first horse to complete the Caribbean Derby and Confraternidad Stakes double. El Nuevo Comandante also has the infamous distinction (Guinness record) of having the horse with the most consecutive losses (Dona Chepa) with 134 consecutive loses (through 11/2/08 without a win) El Nuevo Comandante is also the site where the most famous race in the Caribbean has been held for 32 years: The Clasico del Caribe is celebrated there yearly, with horses participating from Colombia, Venezuela, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica and Puerto Rico, among other countries. External links Official website (El Nuevo Comandante information is available here in Spanish) Category:1976 establishments in Puerto Rico Category:Canóvanas, Puerto Rico Category:Horse racing venues in Puerto Rico Category:Sports venues completed in 1976

Noel Comia Jr. Noel M. Comia Jr. (born May 29, 2004) is a Filipino actor, commercial model, singer, TV events host, and voice talent who won Cinemalaya's Best Actor Award 2017 for movie Kiko Boksingero (the youngest of which to do so) and joined as a contestant in the third season of The Voice Kids under Team Lea with his coach Lea Salonga. Prior to his appearance on The Voice Kids, this multi-talented child actor has appeared in numerous theater productions and TV commercials. He is dubbed as the 'wonderboy' as he is excellent not just in the field of performing arts, but in the field of music as well, as he can play several musical instruments. Personal life Noel Comia Jr. is born to Filipino businessman and TV/Commercial/Movie Talent, Noel C. Comia and employee, Elisa M. Comia. At the humble age of 6, his parents took notice of his musical talents as he belted out songs on their karaoke machine, and playing harmonies on several musical instruments. His parents then decided to take him to music and theater acting workshops to further develop his talent for music and acting. In 2011, at the age of 6, Noel Jr attended his very first musical theater class in 'Kids Acts Philippines' (KAPI) TheCampArt Performing School, which is a professional children's theater company in the Philippines. There, he was trained as a scholar and has been a student and actor of the theater company ever since. Career Noel Jr. began his career in musical theater and commercial modeling, first appearing as the lead role in a television commercial for a popular powdered milk brand. At 7 years old (2011), he was cast as a member of the ensemble for KAPI's theater production of the popular childhood fairytale, "Hansel and Gretel". This experience fueled his passion for theater and acting, and since then, he has performed in more than 20 theater productions. On top of theater performance and modeling, Noel Comia Jr. is also a talented singer, and was a part of The Voice Kids (Philippines season 3). He was one of Team Lea's top 8 artists, and was able to advance to the sing-offs. In March 2017, Noel Jr., together with his fellow The Voice Kids alum and label mate Elha Nympha, released a cover duet of John Legend and Ariana Grande's "Beauty and the Beast" produced by MCA Music Inc. In August 2017, he released a cover of "The Show" by Lenka. at the age of 12, Noel Jr. was awarded the Best Actor Award at the Cinemalaya 2017 for his performance in the independent Filipino film Kiko Boksingero. He is currently the youngest person to receive the award. He was casted as "Jeremy Potts" in the Manila production of Ian Fleming's "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" at the Newport Performing Arts Theater in Resorts World Manila which opened October 27, 2017. In 2018, he participated in the second season of Your Face Sounds Familiar Kids. Filmography Television Appearances Movies/Short Films/Indie Films TV Commercials/Online Ads/Print Ads Music Videos Stage credits Discography Singles Accolades References External links Category:2004 births Category:Living people Category:The Voice Kids (Philippine TV series) contestants Category:Filipino male child actors Category:Filipino child singers Category:Filipino male singers Category:21st-century Filipino singers Category:21st-century male singers

Dungate Dungate is a village near the M2 motorway, in the Swale district, in the English county of Kent. It is near the town of Sittingbourne. References A-Z Great Britain Road Atlas (page 40) Category:Villages in Kent Category:Borough of Swale

Babruysk (air base) Babruysk Air Base (, Aeradrom Babruysk; ) is a military airfield of the 83rd Separate Order of the Red Star Engineer-Aerodrome Regiment of the Air and Air Defence Force of Belarus, located in the south-western outskirts of Babruysk (Bobruisk), Belarus. The base also functions as a spare airfield. It used to be a Soviet Long-Range Aviation air base. History 1944–1994 After the liberation of Babruysk in the summer of 1944, the airfield was used to provide air support for the further offensive of the Red Army. From the beginning of 1945, the staffing and training of the 330th Bomber Aviation Regiment of the 48th Bomber Aviation Division was carried out at the Babruysk airfield, which never took part in the fighting due to the end of the war and for which the airfield became a permanent base. In the following years, up to 1994, the Babruysk airfield was used mainly by long-range bomber aircraft. At the end of May 1945, the 111th Bomber Aviation Regiment of the 50th Bomber Aviation Division was relocated to Bobruisk, and management 22nd Guards Bomber Aviation Division. In the summer of 1945, the following departments were also deployed in Bobruisk: 6th Guards Bomber Aviation Division (moved to Chernyakhovsk in 1947), 3rd Guards Bomber Aviation Corps (disbanded in August 1956) and 1st Air Army (moved to Minsk in 1946). In April 1946, the 111th bap and the 330th bap were introduced into the 22nd Guards. Bad, and in May of the same year, the 200th Guards Bomber Aviation Regiment of the same air division was also transferred to the Bobruisk airfield.All three air regiments were fully equipped with American bomber medium-range North American B-25 Mitchell ]. In November 1949, the 330th bap was disbanded, and the 111th bap and the 200th guards. Bap re-equipped by the first Soviet strategic bomber Tu-4 (since 1950, these air regiments, as well as the 22nd guards. Bad, became known as heavy bombers). In addition, in 1949-1951, the wooden covering of the airfield was replaced by concrete. In the following years, strategic bombers were deployed at the airfield of Bobruisk, which were in service with the 111th Tbap and the 200th Guards. tbap (111th tbap was disbanded in February 1971): Tu-4 – until 1956; Tu-16 – in the years 1955-1986; Tu-16K – in 1964-1992; Tu-22M3 – since 1986. The composition of the 200th Guards. Tbap also included a squadron of tanker aircraft Tu-16N. According to Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, as of January 1, 1991, armed with the 200th Guards. There were tbap: 20 – TU-22M3 and 18 – Tu-16K. At the aerodrome, two repositories were also built nuclear weapons (Kazakovo facility): 9 hydrogen bombs were stored in the mid-1950s, 200 in the later building nuclear warheads for cruise missile. By the end of 1994, all nuclear ammunition had been removed to the territory of Russian Federation, and the object was transferred to the balance of Bobruisk city executive committee and after – Bobruisk leshoz. As of 2014, the object was in an abandoned state with a destroyed infrastructure. 1994–present After the collapse of USSR 22nd Guards. tbad was transferred to the jurisdiction of Russian Federation, and in November – December 1994, the Air Division and the 200th Guards. Tbap were redeployed with all aviation weapons from the territory of Belarus to the airfield White (Irkutsk Region, Russia). At one time, the airfield Bobruisk was also used fighter aircraft. In January 1946, the airfield was redeployed 4th Fighter Aviation Regiment 144th Fighter Aviation Division. From October 1951 to November 1953, the 383rd Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 144th Iad, armed with airplanes MiG-15. In March 1958, the 4th IAP left the airfield, armed at the time by airplanes MiG-17. In 1994–2002, the Bobruisk airfield was home to the 13th separate combat control squadron of the helicopter Belarusian Air Force. This aviation unit was formed in 1946 in Brest on the basis of the 994th separate aviation regiment of communications, receiving the name: the 13th separate aviation communications squadron, and was subordinated to the ground forces Belorussky military district. Later, the 13th United Arab Emirates was reorganized into the 13th separate mixed aviation squadron and since 1960 it has been used for the aviation support of the headquarters 5th Guards Tank Army based at the airfield Kiselevichi, located on the northern outskirts of Bobruisk. In the 1980s, the 13th Air Force was reorganized into the 13th Separate Helicopter Squadron; military units participated in fighting in Afghanistanand mitigation of consequences the Chernobyl NPP accident. At the time of 1990, the 13 OW was part of the aviation Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of the USSR and, according to CFE, was armed with: 2 helicopters - Mi-6, 3 helicopters - Mi-8 and several transport planes. In June 1992, the 13 OWU became part of Air Force of the Republic of Belarus, in 1993 it was reorganized into the 13th separate combat squadron of a helicopter, in May 1994 it was relocated from the airfield Kiselevichi to the airfield Bobruisk. In 2002, as part of the creation of a unified Air Force and Air Defense Forces troops of the Republic of Belarus and as a result of structural reorganization, 13 ove bu was disbanded, and the aircraft and flight personnel were transferred to the 50th a mixed aviation base, located at the airfield Machulishchi. At that time, the squadron was armed with helicopters: Mi-8, Mi-9 and Mi-22. Since 2002, the Babruysk airfield has been managed by the 83rd Separate Order of the Red Star Engineer-Aerodrome Regiment of the Air and Air Defence Force of the Republic of Belarus. The 83rd Regiment contains an airfield in constant operational readiness, it ensures the reception and departure of aircraft from the airfield. Notes References External links Category:Airports in Belarus Category:Military installations of Belarus Category:Soviet Air Force bases Category:Babruysk

Olivia Musgrave Olivia Musgrave, Baroness Gardiner of Kimble (born 1958) is an Irish sculptor. Biography Olivia Musgrave was born in Dublin in 1958. She studied Political Science in Paris and lived in Italy. She then studied at the City and Guilds of London Institute under sculptor Allan Sly. Her work is reminiscent of Greek mythology and Marino Marini, Arturo Martini, El Greco and Giacomo Manzù. It can be found at the John Martin Gallery in London, the Royal Hibernian Academy and Jorgensen Fine Art in Dublin, the Everard Read Gallery in Johannesburg, South Africa, and the Somerville Manning Gallery in the US. She is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Sculptors and a Member of the Society of Portrait Sculptors. In 2014 she was elected President of the Society of Portrait Sculptors. In 2004, she married John Gardiner, Baron Gardiner of Kimble. References Category:Living people Category:1958 births Category:People from Dublin (city) Category:Irish sculptors

GTB GTB may refer to: Genting Airport, a non-existent airport in Malaysia Global Team Blue, an advertising agency Global Trust Bank (India) Goolpur Talbani railway station, in Pakistan Guaranty Trust Bank, in Nigeria Textile and Clothing Union, a former German trade union Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield, at Fort Drum, New York, United States GTB, a pseudonym used by BT (musician) early in his career

Maria João (model) Maria João Brewster (née Sousa Leão; Rio de Janeiro, 1955) is a Brazilian former model. A carioca, she made a career as a photographic model in the 1970s and is the only Brazilian to date to grace the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue throughout its history, photographed in Bahia for the 1978 issue. Career A former student of Communication at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Maria João – affectionately called "João" (John) by industry professionals – began her career through the hands of a friend, photographer Pedro Liborio, who sent her photos to the advertising agency DPZ, that placed her on the market of advertising and fashion, starting with an ad to Johnson & Johnson . Among others, she photographed for famous Brazilian magazines like Claudia and Nova and worked with renowned photographers of the country as such as José Antonio and Luis Tripoli. Personal life Married to Alden Brewster, an American partner of Banco Icatu, she is the mother of actress Jordana Brewster, with whom she starred in an advertising campaign in the United States in 2015, and lives in New York City with her family. References External links Swimsuit Issues at sicollection.com. Category:1955 births Category:Living people Category:People from Rio de Janeiro (city) Category:Brazilian female models Category:Brazilian expatriates in the United States Category:Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro alumni

Francis Graham-Smith Sir Francis Graham-Smith (born 25 April 1923) is a British astronomer. He was the thirteenth Astronomer Royal from 1982 to 1990. Biography Education He was educated at Rossall School, Lancashire, England, and attended Downing College, Cambridge from 1941. Career In the late 1940s he worked at the University of Cambridge on the Long Michelson Interferometer. In 1964 he was appointed Professor of Radio Astronomy the University of Manchester and in 1981 director of the Nuffield Radio Astronomy Laboratories, part of the University of Manchester at Jodrell Bank. He was also Director of the Royal Greenwich Observatory from 1975 to 1981. Honours He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1970 and was awarded their Royal Medal in 1987. He was president of the Royal Astronomical Society from 1975 to 1977. He was the thirteenth Astronomer Royal from 1982 to 1990. He won the Richard Glazebrook Medal and Prize in 1991. Patronage Sir Francis Graham-Smith is a Distinguished Supporter of Humanists UK and is a patron of Mansfield and Sutton Astronomical Society. Lectures In 1965 he was invited to co-deliver the Royal Institution Christmas Lecture on Exploration of the Universe. References External links Scienceworld biography Online catalogue of F. Graham Smith's working papers as director of the Royal Greenwich Observatory (held at Cambridge University Library) Category:1923 births Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:People educated at Rossall School Category:Alumni of Downing College, Cambridge Category:Astronomers Royal Category:British astronomers Category:British humanists Category:Fellows of Downing College, Cambridge Category:Knights Bachelor Category:Living people Category:Royal Medal winners Category:20th-century astronomers Category:Fellows of the Royal Society Category:Presidents of the Royal Astronomical Society

List of Central American folk music traditions This is a list of folk music traditions, with styles, dances, instruments and other related topics. The term folk music can not be easily defined in a precise manner; it is used with widely varying definitions depending on the author, intended audience and context within a work. Similarly, the term traditions in this context does not connote any strictly-defined criteria. Music scholars, journalists, audiences, record industry individuals, politicians, nationalists and demagogues may often have occasion to address which fields of folk music are distinct traditions based along racial, geographic, linguistic, religious, tribal or ethnic lines, and all such peoples will likely use different criteria to decide what constitutes a "folk music tradition". This list uses the same general categories used by mainstream, primarily English-language, scholarly sources, as determined by relevant statements of fact and the internal structure of works. These traditions may coincide entirely, partially or not at all with geographic, political, linguistic or cultural boundaries. Very few, if any, music scholars would claim that there are any folk music traditions that can be considered specific to a distinct group of people and with characteristics undiluted by contact with the music of other peoples; thus, the folk music traditions described herein overlap in varying degrees with each other. References Notes F|Central American folk Category:Traditional music

Pano Qirko Pano Qirko (born 26 June 1999) is an Albanian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Albanian club Tirana and the Albania national under-19 football team. Club career Early career Qirko started his youth career at KF Vlora in 2012. A year later he moved to fellow Vlora club Flamurtari Vlorë. He won the 2014–15 Superliga under-17 with Flamurtari U-17. In the 2015–16 season he played 3 youth cup games with under-17 side. Then he moved to the under-19 and so far for the 2016–17 season he has played 10 youth league games. Flamurtari For the 2016–17 he gained entry with the first team of Flamurtari Vlorë and was placed as a third choice behind Argjent Halili and Stivi Frashëri leaving behind Edmir Sali. He made it his professional debut on 16 November 2016 in the 2016–17 Albanian Cup match against Tërbuni Pukë coming on as a substitute in the 73rd minute in place of Frashëri in a 2–0 win. International career Albania U16 He participated with Albania national under-16 football team in the UEFA Development Tournament 2015 and played 2 matches under coach Alban Bushi, against Montenegro U16 on 2 May 2015 in a 3–1 win and kept a clean sheet a day later against Armenia U16. Following a 1–0 victory against Cyprus U16 2 days later, Albania U16 won the tournament. Albania U17 Qirko was called up to Albania national under-17 football team by coach Džemal Mustedanagić for a friendly tournament in Italy against Fasano, Frosinone & Italy B on match-dates 19–21 May 2015. Albania U19 He was then called up at Albania national under-19 football team in the pre-eliminary squad by coach Arjan Bellaj to participate in the 2017 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualification from 6-11 October 2016. Qirko was re-called to under-19 team by new coach Erjon Bogdani for a gathering in Durrës, Albania in April 2017 where they also played two friendly matches. He was called up also for the next gathering for a double Friendly match against Georgia U19 on 30 August & 1 September 2017. Career statistics Club Honours International Albania U16 UEFA Development Tournament: 2015 References External links Pano Qirko profile FSHF.org Category:1999 births Category:Living people Category:Footballers from Vlorë Category:Association football goalkeepers Category:Albanian footballers Category:Albania youth international footballers Category:Flamurtari Vlorë players Category:KF Tirana players Category:Albanian Superliga players

Association of Pension Lawyers The Association of Pension Lawyers (APL) is a group of more than 1,100 lawyers who practise pension law in the UK. It is a non-profit making organisation and has no connection with the Law Society. Founded in 1984, it represents a forum by which lawyers in different firms and barristers' chambers can exchange knowledge and opinions on pension law and developments. The APL represents an unusually successful example of co-operation between rival lawyers, and the Employment Lawyers Association (ELA) was modelled on it. Its current chairman is Hywel Robinson and its current secretary is Isobel Carruthers. It has a strong educational element, with an annual conference, frequent seminars and training conferences for more junior pension lawyers. The APL makes technical (but not political) representations on proposed legislative and regulatory changes. It also offers substantial social networking opportunities between pension lawyers, who as a result are more familiar with each other than is customary in other legal disciplines in the UK. Almost all practising pension lawyers subscribe to APL membership, given the practical benefits of membership. References External links APL web site Category:Bar associations Category:1984 establishments in the United Kingdom Category:Organizations established in 1984 Category:Legal organisations based in the United Kingdom Category:Pensions in the United Kingdom

Colchester County High School Colchester County High School for Girls is a selective girls' grammar school with academy status in Colchester, Essex. The school consistently scores highly in the league tables for the UK. It was joint first in the country in the 2018 secondary GCSE league tables, and ninth in the country in the 2015 A-Level league tables. Entrance to Year 7 is by an academic selection test, the Eleven Plus. Entrance into Year 12 is by GCSE grades, although priority is given to pre-existing pupils. History The school was originally located in the Albert Hall in the High Street (now the Co-operative Bank), until its intended premises at the top of North Hill (now the Sixth Form College) were completed. Later, the lower school moved to Greyfriars on East Hill and, in 1957, moved to new buildings in Norman Way, off Lexden Road. Most of the buildings are unchanged, but an extension, including new Science laboratories and Sixth Form facilities was added in 2002. The 'mSchool' was added between 2006 and 2009, with new facilities for Music, Mathematics and the Mind; its 'iLab' (innovation laboratory) is one of the few in the UK outside a University. Currently, the school is undergoing a 'Big Build'. The project includes a dining hall extension, which was completed in 2016; new classrooms, including a new healthy living studio; a new sixth form centre with a lecture theatre and an IT suite, both completed in 2018; and a new sports hall and 25-metre indoor swimming pool with changing rooms, which are both currently being built. In 2017, the top floor of the science block, or 'S-block’, was refurbished to facilitate the Colchester Teacher Training Consortium (CTTC). It was founded in 1909 as a girls' school for Colchester, and subsequently became a grammar school admitting girls from North East Essex and beyond on the basis of an 11+ selection test. The school is situated a mile to the west of central Colchester, and celebrated its centenary in 2009–2010. Specialisms The school was one of the first Science Specialist Schools in the country. It later became a specialist Modern Language school too, teaching French and German as well as Latin. School motto Wisdom Giveth Life has been the school's motto since the school opened in 1909. This reading is still included in the traditional school assembly at the start of each academic year: Notable alumni Charlotte Atkins – MP for Staffordshire Moorlands Helen Boaden, director, BBC News Pamela Brown – writer Georgina Cates – actor (born Clare Woodgate) Beth Chatto – gardener Saskia Clark – GB Olympic Gold Medal Winning Sailor Stella Creasy – MP for Walthamstow Christine Davies Professor of Physics at the University of Glasgow Helen Mary Jones – member for Llanelli of National Assembly for Wales References Category:Girls' schools in Essex Category:Grammar schools in Essex Category:Educational institutions established in 1909 Category:1909 establishments in England Category:Academies in Essex Category:Schools in Colchester (town)

Just to See You Smile "Just to See You Smile" is a song written by Mark Nesler and Tony Martin, and performed by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in August 1997 as the third single from McGraw's fourth studio album Everywhere. Having spent 42 weeks on the Billboard chart, it set what was then a record for being the longest-running single on the Billboard country chart since the inception of Nielsen SoundScan in 1990. It was also the longest chart run for any country single in the 1990s. The song was also released by Mitchell Tenpenny in 2018. Critical reception Kevin John Coyne of Country Universe gave the song an A grade, saying McGraw "plays his cards so close to his chest that upon first listen, you may only pick up on his unconditional love and selflessness toward the girl who’s been stringing him along for all these years." Track listing Single Just To See You Smile 3:34 Everywhere 4:50 Chart performance "Just to See You Smile" debuted in August 1997 and surged in November. It became McGraw's third consecutive No. 1 single from Everywhere, spending six weeks atop the Billboard magazine Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in January and February 1998. It was also McGraw's second single to be declared by Billboard as the Number One country single of the year. No music video was made for this song. Chart positions Year-end charts Certifications References External links Category:1997 singles Category:Tim McGraw songs Category:Billboard Hot Country Songs number-one singles Category:Songs written by Mark Nesler Category:Songs written by Tony Martin (songwriter) Category:RPM Country Tracks number-one singles Category:Billboard Hot Country Songs number-one singles of the year Category:Song recordings produced by Byron Gallimore Category:Song recordings produced by James Stroud Category:Curb Records singles Category:1997 songs

Ernst Ferdinand Nolte Ernst Ferdinand Nolte (24 December 1791, Hamburg – 18 February 1875, Kiel) was a German botanist. He was son-in-law to chemist Christoph Heinrich Pfaff (1773–1852). After duties as a pharmacy apprentice in Goslar, he studied medicine at the University of Göttingen. While a student, he engaged in frequent botanical excursions throughout northern Germany. In 1817 he finished his studies at Göttingen, and later came under the influence of Danish botanist Jens Wilken Hornemann (1770–1841). From 1821 to 1823 he conducted botanical investigations in Lauenburg and the "Elbe Duchies", later taking scientific excursions to Zealand, Funen, Jutland and islands off both coasts of the Schleswig-Holstein mainland. From 1826 to 1873 he was a professor of botany at the University of Kiel, as well as director of its botanical garden. He was an instructor to Ferdinand von Mueller (1825–1896), who would later be known for his botanical work in Australia. The plant genus Noltea from the family Rhamnaceae is named in his honor, as is Zostera noltei, a species of seagrass (named by Jens Wilken Hornemann, 1832). Written works He made significant contributions to the botanical atlas Flora Danica, and was the author of the following publications: Botanische Bemerkungen über Stratiotes und Sagittaria, 1825 Novitiæ floræ Holsaticæ : sive supplementum alterum Primitiarum floræ Holsaticæ G. H. Weberi, 1826 Index seminum horti botanici Kiliensis, c. 1836–41. References Biographical information @ Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Category:1791 births Category:1875 deaths Category:People from Hamburg Category:University of Kiel faculty Category:University of Göttingen alumni Category:German botanists

Teamsters Canada Teamsters Canada is a Canadian trade union affiliated with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters and the Canadian Labour Congress. Although the Teamsters have been present in Canada since 1903, Teamsters Canada was only established in 1976. The organization represents 120,000 workers in all industries. It is the largest transportation union in the country, and the largest private sector union under federal jurisdiction. Teamsters Canada Rail Conference Over 16,000 members of Teamsters Canada work in the rail industry. They are represented by the Teamsters Canada Rail Conference. TCRC Website See also International Brotherhood of Teamsters Canadian Labour Congress References External links Teamsters Canada Official Website Teamsters Canada Rail Conference International Brotherhood of Teamsters TCRC Division 76 Winnipeg TCRC CTY CP East TCRC Division 660 Toronto Category:Canadian Labour Congress Category:Organizations based in Quebec Category:Laval, Quebec Category:International Brotherhood of Teamsters

Rags Morales Ralph "Rags" Morales () is an American comic book artist known for his work on various books for DC Comics, including Identity Crisis, Countdown to Infinite Crisis, Batman Confidential, and The New 52 reboot of then Superman-centric Action Comics. Morales is the co-creator, along with Brian Augustyn, of the 1990s version of Black Condor. Early life Morales attended a number of vocational art classes, including The Kubert School. Career Morales' first professional work was penciling 19 issues of Forgotten Realms with writer Jeff Grubb as part of the TSR line of books. Following Forgotten Realms, Morales co-created and pencilled Black Condor. Morales left DC Comics to do work for Valiant Comics, including Turok, Archer & Armstrong and Geomancer. He also did some licensed work on a Sliders comic book, and work for Wizards of the Coast. After Valiant closed, Morales returned to his TSR roots, doing work for Dungeons and Dragons magazines and novella work for Harper Collins, such as Isaac Asimov's Robotics and pen and ink work for Margaret Weis' Testament of the Dragon. He also taught anatomical illustration at a vo-tech school. In 1999, Morales was made the penciler on DC's on Hourman, penciling 20 of that series 25 issues before it was canceled in 2001. Over the course of the following year, he drew nine intermittent issues of JSA between issue #9 and issue #34, before moving onto Hawkman with writer Geoff Johns. As the end of that year loomed while on Hawkman. It was also on Hawkman that he first worked with inker Michael Bair, with whom he has worked on most of his projects since. At the time Morales said "when I saw the magic that Michael Bair added to my work, I knew I had to stick with this dude". After Hawkman, Morales illustrated Brad Meltzer's limited series Identity Crisis. Because of the importance of Identity Crisis to DC's ongoing company-wide storyline, and because of the number of characters in it, including minor ones that had barely been seen in years, Morales used copious amounts of reference materials for character studies, including the use of famous actors' faces to give the characters unique facial features, and sometimes updating their costumes in the process. The series was eventually selected by The Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA)'s 2007 recommended list of Great Graphic Novels For Teens. Morales and Bair worked on Nightwing during Peter Tomasi's run as writer on that title. He later worked on Superman/Batman #53 - 56, which were among the seven issues collected in to the Finest Worlds hardcover in 2009, and in trade paperback form in 2010. In 2009 he contributed to the "Blackest Night" storyline with the three issues miniseries, Blackest Night: Tales of the Corps. In June 2011, as part of DC Comics' massive relaunch of their entire superhero line, Morales was announced as the artist on the new Action Comics #1, teaming with writer Grant Morrison. In September 2018, Morales was named Inkwell Awards Special Ambassador. Art style Regarding his figure work, Morales finds stock, poster-like standing poses difficult, preferring the more communicative movement seen among characters in narrative sequences, a forte he feels helped him attain the Identity Crisis assignment. Bibliography Valiant/Acclaim Archer & Armstrong #13 (1993) Bloodshot #9 (1998) Eternal Warriors: Mog #1 (1998) Geomancer #1-3, 5-6 (1994–95) Sliders Special #2 (along with Dean Zachary) (1997) Turok, Dinosaur Hunter #4-6, 10-13, 15-16, 24-27, 30, 34 37-38, 41-44, 47 (1993–96) DC Action Comics, vol. 2, #1-18 (with Grant Morrison, 2011) Batman Confidential #13-16 (2008) Black Condor #1-6, 9-12 (1992–93) Blackest Night: Tales of the Corps, miniseries, #1 (with writer Geoff Johns, 2009) First Wave, miniseries, #1-6 (with writer Brian Azzarello, 2010) Forgotten Realms Hawkman, vol. 4, #1-12, 15-17, 20-25 (with writers Geoff Johns/James Robinson, 2003–04) Hourman #1-11, 14-16, 18-19, 21, 23-25 (1999–2001) Identity Crisis, miniseries, #1-7 (with writer Brad Meltzer, 2004–05) JSA, vol. 2, #26-27 (2001); #83-85 (along with Luke Ross, 2006) JSA: Classified #19-20 (with writer Scott Beatty, 2007) Nightwing #140-142, 145, 148 (with writer Peter Tomasi) Wonder Woman, vol. 2, #215-217, 219, 221, 223 (with writer Greg Rucka, 2005–06) See also List of Puerto Ricans References External links Official Site of Rags Morales Category:The Kubert School alumni Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:American comics artists Category:Living people

Fender Vibratone The Fender Vibratone was a Leslie speaker designed for use with electric guitars, manufactured by Fender from 1967-1972. Named after the first Leslie speaker made for the Hammond Organ in 1941, the Vibratone was associated with the electric guitar, although it was used in vocals on many famous songs. The Vibratone was essentially an equivalent of the Leslie 16. A prime example of the Vibratone's sound is on the song "Cold Shot" by Stevie Ray Vaughan. History In the mid-1960s, guitarists, from bands like The Beach Boys, started experimenting by playing through Leslies. At the time, Fender was bought by CBS, who owned the patents to the Leslie company. The Fender Vibratone was introduced in 1967. Since its introduction, many groups like The Beatles, The Byrds, The Zombies, Blind Faith, as well as guitarists like Mike Campbell, David Gilmour, and Stevie Ray Vaughan, all have used the Vibratone in their recordings. Design Unlike a high fidelity speaker, the Vibratone was specifically designed to alter or modify the sound. It consisted of a single driver unit, particularly a 10-inch guitar speaker, with a 15-inch Styrofoam cylindrical rotor in front of it. The cylinder was mechanically rotated by a motor through a rubber belt to create various effects, like chorus and vibrato, based on the Doppler effect. Like a traditional Leslie, the effect could be changed, via a two-button footswitch, between slow and fast speeds, or switched off altogether. Much of the Vibratone's unique tone comes from the fact that the cabinet uses a guitar speaker, instead of a horn and woofer. The effect was dispersed vertically, unlike the Leslie that is dispersed horizontally, with grilles on the sides and top of the cabinet. With no built-in preamp, the Vibratone had to be powered by a separate guitar amplifier; in recording situations, microphones were placed next to the grilles in order for the effect to be heard. A crossover was also built-in, with the Vibratone handling the mid-range frequencies, and sending the high/low frequencies to the driving amplifier. Simulators Today, many modeling devices, such as the Line 6 POD and Fender Cyber Twin, depict the sound of the Fender Vibratone. Early Rotary Speaker Simulators, like the Shin-ei Uni-Vibe or Dunlop Rotovibe pedals, became viable alternatives for guitarists, but never quite fully reproduced the Doppler effect they attempted to emulate. Instead, they themselves became a new type of effect with their own sound signatures. Many cabinets similar to the Vibratone have come and gone, and there are a few models in current production as well. Guitar pedal manufacturers have also developed analog and digital pedals that quite realistically approximate the rotary effect. Here are a few examples (some may be out of production): Dunlop Univibe, Dunlop Rotovibe, Univox Univibe, Korg G4, Pigtronix Rototron, Line 6 Roto Machine, Voodoo Lab Micro Vibe, Hammond “Cream” Digital Leslie Pedal, Boss RT-20 Rotary Ensemble, Neo Ventilator, H&K Rotosphere, Danelectro Rocky Road. See also Leslie speaker External links Inside The Fender Vibratone - This web page has everything you need to know and more about the Vibratone. 1971 Fender Vibratone Owner's Manual Category:Loudspeakers

Natsumi Yanase is a Japanese voice actress from Tokyo, Japan. She also goes by the name when voicing adult games. Her former stage name was . Roles Anime D.C. II: Da Capo II (Akane Hanasaki) Debutante Detective Corps (Yōko Ryūzaki) Ef: A Tale of Memories. (Chihiro Shindō) Hanaukyo Maid Team (Yuki Morino) Lamune (Tae Isawa) Little Busters! (Komari Kamikita) Maji de Watashi ni Koi Shinasai! (Tatsuko Itagaki) Soul Link (Nanami Inatsuki) _summer OVA (Konami Hatano) Games _Summer (Konami Hatano) Atelier Iris: Eternal Mana (Norn) Atelier Iris 2: The Azoth of Destiny (Fee) Atelier Iris 3: Grand Phantasm (Nell Ellis) D.C. II: Da Capo II (Akane Hanasaki) Ef: The First Tale. (Chihiro Shindō) Ef: The Latter Tale. (Chihiro Shindō) Grisaia no Kajitsu (Chizuru Tachibana) Haru no Ashioto (Yuzuki Kaede) Hoshiuta (Yurika Amamiya) I/O (Ea) Lamune (Tae Isawa) Little Busters! (Komari Kamikita) Logos Panic Love & Destroy (LuLu) Maji de Watashi ni Koi Shinasai! (Tatsuko Itagaki) Narcissu: Side 2nd (Himeko) Rapelay (Manaka Kiryū) Riviera: The Promised Land (Fia) Sakura Sakura (Nanako Sakura) Valkyrie Profile (Nanami, Lemia) Heart de Roommate (Tomoe Katsuragi) Tintin: Destination Adventure (Tin Tin) Drama Kyuukyoku Parodius (Tako A) References External links Natsumi Yanase at Behind The Voice Actors Category:1971 births Category:Japanese voice actresses Category:Living people Category:People from Tokyo

Unfinished Business (Battlestar Galactica) "Unfinished Business" is the ninth episode of the third season from the science fiction television series Battlestar Galactica. It aired on December 1, 2006. Writer Michael Taylor received a nomination for the 2006 Nebula Award in the script category for this episode. An extended version of this episode with 25 minutes of extra footage was included on the Region 1 DVD and Blu-ray releases of the third season and in the UK exclusively on the Blu-ray release Plot Survivor Count: 41,422 The crew of Galactica have reinstated an old military tradition by setting up a boxing ring and putting rank aside — by the placing of dog tags in a metal box — crew and officers freely duke it out in one-on-one matches. Colonel Tigh is match referee. Elsewhere in a bunk room, Starbuck has finished having sex with her estranged husband Samuel T. Anders. Starbuck remarks that their encounter was just what she needed and gets up to leave. Anders replies that he wants to reconcile their marriage. Starbuck responds that she's not ready yet and heads to the fights. Kara heads past the boxing match and observes Major Apollo losing a match against Captain "Helo" Agathon. Apollo leaves the ring and picks up his dog tags to signify that he is quitting the competition. However, Starbuck drops her tags in the box and goads an initially reluctant Apollo into fighting her instead. Admiral Adama arrives with President Roslin, who is a boxing enthusiast, to watch the next series of fights; Kat wins against a female crew member, and Hot Dog is quickly knocked out by Starbuck. Adama then observes Chief Tyrol and his wife Cally, recalling a moment when the fleet first settled New Caprica and Tyrol and Cally were still assigned to Galactica. Tyrol asked Adama for permission to leave the ship so he and Cally's child could be born and raised down on the planet. Adama refused the request, telling Tyrol he and Cally are needed on board. Back at the boxing match, Adama overhears Tyrol give one of his crew permission to watch the fight although the crew member has not yet finished fixing a broken spacecraft. Without warning, the Admiral steps into the ring and tells Chief Tyrol to get his "fat, lazy ass" in there with him. Tyrol enters as ordered, thinking the match will be a joke until the bell rings and Adama knocks him to the mat with a fast right hook. Adama taunts Tyrol asking him if this is how he fought down on New Caprica. Insulted, Tyrol rises to his feet and begins to lay into the Admiral. Adama is easily over matched as Tyrol angrily pummels him into the ropes asking if this is what he wanted. Adama is saved for the moment by the bell. Adama sits to rest while Doctor Cottle looks him over. Roslin rushes to Adama's side and gives him some advice on how to win, but Adama replies that he does not intend to win. Round two begins with Tyrol rushing Adama back into the ropes with more fierce pummelling. Adama does not do much to resist, with his face beaten to a bloody pulp. Tyrol eventually floors the old man who stays down for the count. A stunned silence falls over the crowd as Tyrol and Tigh help Adama back to his feet. The fight is over and Adama takes a moment to tell the crew that he has let them all get "too close" to him, something which must come to an end, and he will no longer forgive laxity among the crew as he's done in the past - he let them drop their guard during the initial settlement of New Caprica and left humanity exposed to the Cylons as a result. As the Admiral leaves, Tigh announces the matches are over and orders everyone back to duty. Starbuck will not give up her planned fight with Apollo, however. They both enter the ring and let loose with all their bottled up hostilities. As fists fly, flashbacks take the scene back to New Caprica. During the late evening of a ground-breaking ceremony, Apollo and Starbuck found a moment alone to talk. Starbuck had (literally) drunk Anders under the table, and he had passed out cold on the ground, under a table. Apollo took the opportunity to ask Starbuck about her plans for the future, musing about what will become of her relationship with Anders. Back to the present, the boxing match between Starbuck and Apollo intensifies. Dee watches as Anders remarks that the two look like they'll kill each other. On New Caprica the two eventually head outside the city to a secluded field and they end up making love. Afterward, Starbuck wonders what will happen if anyone finds out about what they have done — especially Anders or Dee. Apollo stands up and shouts to the night sky that he loves Kara Thrace, unconcerned about anyone hearing him. Hesitantly at first, Starbuck eventually does the same shouting that she loves Lee Adama. Apollo says he will tell Dee about the new situation and asks that Starbuck do the same with Anders. In the boxing ring, Apollo knocks Starbuck to the mat at which point the fighting turns dirty. Starbuck does a leg sweep and trips Apollo. As he gets back to his feet, Starbuck kicks him in the face. Seeing the match is getting personal, the few remaining spectators begin to leave the room. Flashing to the next morning on New Caprica, Admiral Adama and Roslin talk with Chief Tyrol and Cally. Adama tells Tyrol that he has given the Chief's situation some thought and that he has decided they can remain on New Caprica to have their child. Apollo awakes in the field and finds Starbuck has gone. Returning to the town, he meets his father, who tells him that Starbuck and Anders have just got married in a surprise ceremony earlier that morning. Still reeling from the news, Apollo meets the newlyweds walking down the street. Anders reveals that the wedding was Starbuck's idea and that she "popped the question to him" only that morning. Apollo recovers enough to congratulate Anders and wish him luck, adding that "you're going to need it" as he glances towards Starbuck. Apollo then walks off in a dazed shock back to a Raptor to return to Pegasus, with Dee waiting on the entry ramp. Apollo walks straight from his confrontation with Starbuck to Dee and immediately kisses her. Back at the boxing ring, Starbuck and Apollo have battled each other to a stand-still. They slump against each other in the middle of the ring with their arms around each other. An awkward silence follows, and the spectators shuffle out of the hall. Anders leaves too, while Dee lowers her head. Starbuck whispers to Apollo that she has "missed him". Apollo replies that he missed her, too. As the scene fades out, there is the trace of a smile upon Starbuck's face. External links "Unfinished Business" at the Battlestar Wiki "Unfinished Business" at Syfy.com “Unfinished Business” was Battlestar Galactica’s most moving episode—and a total mess Category:2006 American television episodes Category:Battlestar Galactica (season 3) episodes fr:Saison 3 de Battlestar Galactica#Le Grand Combat

Lower Salmon River Archeological District The Lower Salmon River Archeological District is a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It included 213 contributing sites. The district spans across parts of Idaho County, Lewis County and Nez Perce County counties of Idaho. It extends along of the lower Salmon River. Archeological studies were conducted in the area during 1961 to 1964 by the Idaho State College Museum, and by other entities at later dates. Does it include the Cooper's Ferry Site. References External links Category:National Register of Historic Places in Idaho Category:Idaho County, Idaho Category:Archaeological sites in Idaho Category:Historic districts in Idaho

William Aberhart William Aberhart (December 30, 1878 – May 23, 1943), also known as Bible Bill for his outspoken Baptist views, was a Canadian politician and the seventh Premier of Alberta (1935 to his death in 1943). He was the founder and first leader of the Alberta Social Credit Party, which believed the Great Depression was caused by ordinary people not having enough to spend. Therefore, Aberhart argued that the government should give each Albertan $25 per month to spend to stimulate the economy, by providing needed purchasing power to allow needy customers to buy from waiting businesses. During his premiership, Aberhart campaigned for and instituted several anti-poverty and debt relief programs, and other governmental reforms, such as consolidation of Alberta's numerous small school districts into centralized school divisions, and natural resources conservation. His attempts at banking reform met with less success, balked by opposition from the federal government, the courts, privately-owned newspapers and a coalition of the Liberal and Conservative parties. However, he did proceed to establish a government-owned banking chain, the Alberta Treasury Branches, which exist to this day, the only government banking system serving the public in North America. Early life Childhood, education, and family William Aberhart was born December 30, 1878, in Tuckersmith Township (now part of Huron East, Ontario) to William (c. 1844 – 1910) and Louisa (c. 1850–1944) (née Pepper) Aberhart. William Aberhart Sr. had immigrated to Canada from Germany with his family at the age of seven, while Louisa Pepper was born in Perth County, Ontario. Historian Harold Schultz describes the Aberharts as "prosperous", while biographers David Elliott and Iris Miller says they "lived better than the average family". The fourth of eight children, William Aberhart Jr. delivered milk to his father's customers before school each day. At school, he was a hard-working but average student. Mathematics was one of his strengths, though his approach involved more rote learning than reasoning. Elliott and Miller suggest that this tendency stayed with him his entire life, and that he "never really acquired an appreciation for inductive intellectual analysis". Aberhart was not a social child. Though he excelled at soccer, he generally preferred solitary pursuits such as reading or teaching himself to play musical instruments. In 1896, Aberhart attended three months of model school in Mitchell. Although this training qualified him to work as a schoolteacher, he instead enrolled in business college in Chatham, from which he withdrew after four months of successful study. In 1897–98, Aberhart attended Seaforth Collegiate Institute, where he was nicknamed "Whitey" (for his blond hair) and broadened his athletic prowess to include the long jump, shot put, 100-yard dash, high jump, cycling, and football. On July 29, 1902, Aberhart married Jessie Flatt, whom he had met in 1901 at a football game. A daughter, Khona Louise Aberhart, was born in the winter of 1903, and a second, Ola Janet Aberhart, followed in August 1905. On July 20, 1910, William Aberhart Sr. died in an accident at a pharmacy owned by his son (William Jr.'s brother) Charles. Prohibition was in effect, but pharmacists were permitted to provide alcohol for "medicinal purposes". Charles kept a bottle of whiskey for William Sr. to drink whenever he was in the store. One day a clerk rearranged the bottles, and the illiterate William Sr. took a swallow of carbolic acid; he died within minutes. William Jr., by now in Calgary, did not make the trip east to his father's funeral. Louisa Aberhart died February 20, 1911, outliving William Aberhart Sr. by less than a year. Teaching career In the fall of 1901 Aberhart was hired as a teacher at the Central Public School in Brantford, for which he was paid $60 per month. He fast won a reputation as a strict disciplinarian: he addressed his students by number rather than name and was liberal in his use of the strap. By his own account in a 1903 essay, he viewed the classroom as a battlefield, and admired Oliver Cromwell's military organization. While his tactics divided his students—some loved him, while others recounted that "he did everything he could to break the spirit of a child"—his supervisors gave him uniformly positive reviews. His school's principal died in 1905, and Aberhart was selected to replace him; his salary increased to $1,000 per year. This figure had reached $1,200 by 1910 when, in response to glowing reviews from his colleagues, the Calgary Board of Education offered him a principalship at $1,400 per year. In response to a petition from his staff and students that this offer be matched by Brantford, Aberhart was offered a raise to $1,300; he declined it, and moved to Calgary that spring. His family followed later, after he purchased a two-storey wooden house and Khona finished her academic year in Brantford. 1910 Calgary was a frontier town that smelled of horse manure and in which public drunkenness was common; though Aberhart's sensibilities were less shocked by this than his wife's were, he also had to make some adjustments: in Brantford he had always attended church in a silk top hat and frock coat, but he quickly abandoned this custom after discovering that he was the only one in Calgary to do so. Aberhart was to become principal of Mount Royal School, but it was not yet complete at the time of his arrival, so he became the principal of Alexandra Public School immediately on his arrival. Mount Royal was still not completed by the fall, so he took over the principalship of Victoria School, which he held until becoming principal of the new Crescent Heights High School in 1915. Elliott and Miller write that Aberhart took a less rigid approach to discipline at Crescent Heights than he had in Ontario, though Schultz says that as principal he was "authoritarian in manner and a strict disciplinarian". His love of organization persisted, and his penchant for it enhanced his reputation as "an able administrator". Crescent Height's students scored very well on departmental examinations, though some members of the school board believed that he achieved this at least partly by culling weaker students with a preliminary qualifying examination. One way Aberhart applied his organizational prowess was in creating one of Calgary's first and largest parent–teacher associations, which had an average of two hundred parents attend each meeting; Aberhart had a generally good relationship with parents. His standing with his staff was more mixed: he had a habit of "talking down" to them, dominated the school to the point that teachers were left with little initiative, and, as Elliott and Miller put it, "never entered the staff room except to issue an order". Many of his teachers, while respecting his abilities an administrator, thought very little of him as a man, and some believed that his domineering approach stemmed from a fear of people smarter than him. In 1919, eight Crescent Heights teachers wrote the school board requesting an investigation into Aberhart's work; the resulting inspection led to the transfer of three male teachers—with whom Aberhart had a particularly poor rapport—to other schools, and stated that persisting problems would lead to a request for Aberhart's resignation. A follow-up investigation two years later found a substantial improvement in conditions and reported favourably on Aberhart's abilities. Despite this uneven relationship, Aberhart was not all together closed-minded, and would entertain—and sometimes even be convinced by—arguments from his staff. Besides his administrative duties, Aberhart taught English and math. True to form, in doing so he emphasized rote memorization at the expense of independent reasoning, to the point that one of his teachers once likened him to a dog trainer. He cared for his students and provided extensive extra tutoring, especially for students in whom he saw a genuine interest in learning the material. Outside of the classroom, he applied his talents to organizing picnics and games, and in 1922 organized an elected student council years before the concept became widespread in Calgary. When some students wanted the school to purchase a movie projector not provided for in the school's budget, Aberhart organized a company into which students could buy for ten cents per share; the company put on movies for which it charged admission, and at the end of its first year of operation it declared a dividend of 25 cents per share. He urged his students to adopt four axioms he followed in his own life: "be enthusiastic, be ambitious, develop a distinctive personality, [and] have a hobby and ride it hard." In the assessment of John Barr, a Social Credit staffer years after Aberhart's death who later wrote one of the first histories of the party's years in power, "Aberhart generally had the respect and admiration of a broad following of parents, teachers, and students." Schultz states that the only area in which all 61 people he interviewed in researching Aberhart's career agreed was that he was an excellent high school teacher. Religion Early religious views and adoption of Dispensationalism Though his parents were not churchgoers, as a child Aberhart attended Sunday school at a Presbyterian church. Under circumstances that are not clear to history, in high school he became a devout Christian. He initially adopted Biblical literalism, though while at normal school he was exposed to more liberal versions of Christianity that taught the existence of internal inconsistencies in the Bible; for several years he adopted the approach of a Bible teacher who counselled him to "treat [the] Bible as ... a nice plate of fish" and "eat the meat and leave the bones for the dogs". Though at first he subscribed to the notion of unconditional election, and worried about whether he was destined for salvation, he later adopted the Arminian doctrine of conditional election, and became confident that, through his faith, he would be saved. While in Brantford, Aberhart studied at Zion Presbyterian church, where he became interested in Biblical prophecy, which in turn led him to Dispensationalism. Dispensationalism held that history was divided into seven dispensations, during each of which God made a covenant with man, and during each of which man broke the covenant. That the terms of the covenant were different in each dispensation resolved Aberhart's earlier concerns about the Bible's internal inconsistencies. His views were heavily influenced by a correspondence course he took offered by American Dispensationalist Cyrus Scofield; Elliott and Miller speculate that such a course would have appealed to Aberhart by reducing "difficult theological problems to a matter of memorizing questions and answers". In 1911, he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. Aberhart had aspired to take ministerial training at the Presbyterian Knox College Divinity School, but the church in Brantford was reluctant to take on the support of both him and his family in the four-year training period. He became fascinated with prophetical teaching in the Bible and studied a correspondence course by the American evangelical theologian Cyrus Scofield. He had been introduced to this system while attending a men's Bible Class at Zion Presbyterian, taught by William Nichol, an elderly physician. In 1910, Aberhart accepted a position as principal of Alexandra School in Calgary, Alberta. His initial Bible Study Teaching in Calgary commenced at the Grace Presbyterian Church at the Young Men's Bible Class. Within a few weeks attendance was over 100 and he attracted the attendance of the senior minister Dr. Esler, but his views on prophecy did not jibe with senior minister's reformed beliefs and his teaching privileges were cancelled. He then moved on to teach successively at the Wesley and Trinity Methodist Churches. Although seeds of his interest in the Baptist faith had been planted while in Ontario, it was not until his involvement with Westbourne Baptist Church in Calgary as a lay preacher, that he and his wife were baptised in the Baptist faith. He eventually lead Westbourne Baptist Church out of the Baptist Union of Western Canada in 1922. In 1918, Aberhart began a Bible study group in Calgary, Alberta which grew steadily year-by-year; by 1923, the Palace Theatre had to be rented to accommodate those interested in Aberhart's message. In 1925, radio station CFCN broadcast his Sunday sermons for the first time, taking his prophetic message beyond the confines of a theatre to listeners across the Prairies. In 1927, Aberhart was appointed Dean of the newly founded Calgary Prophetic Bible Institute. The institute's building served as a centre of worship, radio broadcast, and biblical studies. Aberhart's Sunday broadcasts proved as popular as his Bible studies as they drew regular listeners across western Canada, and some listeners in the northern United States. Towards the end of his life British Israelism became increasingly central to his theology. British Israelism had been an element of his theology from an early stage, but assumed further importance following the 1939 royal tour of Canada where he spoke with King George VI on the topic. Political career Aberhart became interested in politics during the Great Depression in Canada, a time which was especially harsh on Albertan and Saskatchewan farmers. Particularly, he was drawn to the Social Credit theories of Major C. H. Douglas, a British engineer. From 1932 to 1935, Aberhart lobbied for the governing political party, the United Farmers of Alberta, to adopt these theories, but it is doubtful that Aberhart fully understood the theories. The basis of Douglas's A+B theorem is that prices rise faster than incomes when regarded as a flow, and individuals' purchasing power should be supplemented through issuance of new credits which have not derived from the productive system. Aberhart's lobbying to encourage the United Farmers to adopt Social Credit principles was not successful. He then helped found the Social Credit Party of Alberta, which won the 1935 provincial election by a landslide with over 54% of the popular vote and all but seven of the 63 seats in the legislature. Not even the Socreds had expected to win the election. Indeed, its expectations were so low that it had not named a formal leader during the campaign. The party was now tasked with electing a leader who would become the province's new premier. Aberhart was the obvious choice, as he had been the party's founder and guiding force. He initially said he didn't want the job, but was finally prevailed to accept the mantle of leadership. He was formally sworn in as premier on September 3 (11 days after his August 22 victory). However, he was not yet a member of the legislature. The Social Credit MLA for Okotoks-High River, William Morrison, resigned to give Aberhart a chance to get a seat, per standard practice in the Westminster system when a leader doesn't have a seat. Aberhart won the November 4 by-election, held prior to the first sitting of the Legislature after his government's election. Aberhart was elected by acclamation. Aberhart served as his own Minister of Education and, starting in 1937, Attorney General. His government did not implement much of the Social Credit policies promised in the party's election platform, because of the province's very poor financial position in the depths of the Depression. The federal government's opposition to Social Credit and the threat it held over Alberta during its hour of weakness were significant blocks to Aberhart moving forward. The federal government has jurisdiction over Canadian currency and banks, under the British North America Act. However, there was no constitutional barrier to Alberta producing its own currency, which Aberhart's government did to a limited degree with its Prosperity certificates. Aberhart did threaten the power of private banks with his government's extension of the UFA government's foreclosure moratorium and mandatory debt adjustment. It has been said that the reason Premier Aberhart knowingly went beyond constitutional limits with proposed legislation was because it won him support among the electorate, for at least trying to do what he promised. In his defence, he said the Establishment did not oppose Social Credit because it would not work but for fear it would work. Lieutenant Governor John C. Bowen refused to give Royal Assent to three government bills in 1937. Two of the bills would have put the province's banks under the control of the provincial government, while a third, the Accurate News and Information Act, would have forced newspapers to print government rebuttals to stories the provincial cabinet deemed "inaccurate". All three bills were later declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of Canada and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. For its leadership in the fight against the latter act, the Pulitzer Prize committee awarded the Edmonton Journal, the Calgary Herald, the Red Deer News, Lethbridge Herald and the province's weekly newspapers a Special Citation, the first time it was awarded outside the United States. Aberhart instituted a variety of relief programs to help people out of poverty, as well as public works programs and a debt relief program that froze some debt collections and mortgage foreclosures. This, like Tommy Douglas' similar program in Saskatchewan, was later overturned in the mid-1940s by the Supreme Court, although it aided people for a number of years during and (for a short time) after the Great Depression. Alberta's Social Credit government brought in legislation under which an MLA could be recalled by a portion of his/her constituents. Aberhart's own constituents, including out-of-power UFA farmers and many oilworkers working for U.S. oil companies threatened by Aberhart's Natural Resources Conservation legislation, gathered signatures for Aberhart's own recall. He thus became the first Canadian politician to be threatened with recall from office. Aberhart's government retroactively repealed the recall legislation rather than have Aberhart forced to give up his seat. In keeping with his evangelical views, Aberhart added a heavy dose of social conservatism to Douglas' original ideas. Most notably, he enacted very tight restrictions on the sale of alcohol. Indeed, the only stricter law in Canada at the time was in Prince Edward Island, where the sale of alcohol remained completely banned until 1948. Well into the 1960s, commercial airlines could not serve alcohol while flying over Alberta. By late 1937, relations with the Lieutenant-Governor became so strained that Bowen even threatened to dismiss Aberhart's government, which would have been an extraordinary use of his reserve powers. An analogous situation occurred in 1932 in Australia between Jack Lang and Sir Philip Game, the Premier and Governor, respectively, of New South Wales. However, Bowen did not follow through on his threat due in part to Social Credit's immense popularity with the people. Had he dismissed Aberhart, it would have triggered a fresh election that Social Credit would have almost certainly won. Aberhart's government was re-elected in the 1940 election with a somewhat reduced mandate, with Aberhart being elected to a Calgary seat. Although Aberhart was unable to gain control of Alberta's banks, his government gained a foothold in the province's financial industry by creating the Alberta Treasury Branches in 1938. Its operations included special credit given for those who bought made-in-Alberta goods. ATB has become Aberhart's legacy, operating as an orthodox financial institution and crown corporation. Death and legacy Aberhart died unexpectedly on May 23, 1943, during a visit to his adult daughters in Vancouver, British Columbia, and was interred in Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Burnaby as his widow intended to move to Vancouver to be close to her children. He was succeeded as the Premier of Alberta by his lifelong disciple, Ernest C. Manning, who gradually moved away from Douglas' monetary theories. Social Credit would remain in office until its defeat in the 1971 election—one of the longest-serving provincial governments in Canadian history, and one of the longest-serving in the Commonwealth. The Aberhart Centre, a long-term medical care centre at the University of Alberta Hospital in Edmonton, is named in his honour, as is William Aberhart High School in Calgary. In 1974, he was named a Person of National Historic Significance by the Government of Canada. A plaque commemorating this sits inside Crescent Heights High School at 1019 1st NW, Calgary, Alberta. Ideology Elliott (1978) argues that the Aberhart's Social Credit ideology was clearly antithetical to his previous theology, which was highly sectarian, separatist, apolitical, other-worldly, and eschatologically oriented. Elliott challenges the arguments of Mann (1955) and Irving (1959) that there was a definite connection between Aberhart's theology and political program. Elliott reports that Aberhart's political support did not come from the sectarian groups as Mann and Irving suggest, but rather it came from the members of established churches and those with marginal religious commitment. Electoral record November 4, 1935, provincial by-election Okotoks—High River See also History of Alberta 1937 Social Credit backbenchers' revolt Notes References Further reading/other sources Primary sources External links Encyclopedia of Alberta Online Alberta Source Alberta legislative assembly AllRefer.com Biography William Aberhart Historical Foundation CBC 1943 archival video clip on Aberhart's legacy William Aberhart's papers digitized at the University of Calgary Archives Category:1878 births Category:1943 deaths Category:Alberta Social Credit Party leaders Category:Alberta Social Credit Party MLAs Category:Canadian Baptists Category:Canadian evangelists Category:Canadian people of German descent Category:Canadian anti-communists Category:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada) Category:People from Huron County, Ontario Category:Premiers of Alberta Category:Queen's University alumni Category:British Israelism Category:Anti-Masonry

Willie Mataka Willie Mataka (born 18 October 1988) is a former Tonga rugby league footballer who last played for the Mount Pritchard Mounties in the New South Wales Cup. He played mostly as a forward. Background Mataka played junior football with the East Campbelltown Eagles. Playing career Mataka joined the Sydney Roosters in 2011, and made 2 appearances that year. Mataka joined the Parramatta Eels in 2012, but failed to make a first grade appearance. Mataka joined the St. George Illawarra Dragons in 2014, but failed to make a first Grade appearance. In 2015, he joined the Mount Pritchard Mounties. Career highlights First Grade Debut: 2009 - Round 10, Wests Tigers vs Rabbitohs, 17 May. References External links Willie Mataka at Weststigers.com.au Category:1988 births Category:Australian rugby league players Category:Wests Tigers players Category:Tonga national rugby league team players Category:Australian people of Tongan descent Category:Balmain Ryde-Eastwood Tigers players Category:Western Suburbs Magpies NSW Cup players Category:Illawarra Cutters players Category:Sydney Roosters players Category:Rugby league second-rows Category:Rugby league locks Category:Rugby league centres Category:Living people

John Thomas Davies John Thomas Davies VC (29 September 1895 – 28 October 1955) was an English soldier and recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that was awarded in the British Empire, and to this day in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth.. He was 22 years old and a corporal in the 11th (Service) Battalion, South Lancashire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's Volunteers), British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC. On 24 March 1918 near Eppeville, France, when his company was ordered to withdraw, Corporal Davies knew that the only line of withdrawal lay through a deep stream lined with a belt of barbed wire; he saw it imperative to hold up the enemy as long as possible. He mounted the parapet in full view of the enemy in order to get a more effective field of fire and kept his Lewis gun in action to the last, causing many enemy casualties and enabling part of his company to get across the river, which they would otherwise have been unable to do. He was taken prisoner after the action. During World War II, he was a Captain in the Home Guard. He was buried in St. Helens Borough Cemetery, Lancashire, England. (C. of E. Section. Area 59. Grave 426.) The Medal His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Imperial War Museum, London, England. References Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999) The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997) VCs of the First World War - Spring Offensive 1918 (Gerald Gliddon, 1997) External links Victoria Cross recipients, Lancashire County Category:1895 births Category:1955 deaths Category:People from Birkenhead Category:British Army personnel of World War I Category:British World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross Category:South Lancashire Regiment soldiers Category:British Home Guard officers Category:British World War I prisoners of war Category:World War I prisoners of war held by Germany Category:British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross

Karl Aben Karl Aben (Latvian: Kārlis Abens; 23 September 1896 – 22 October 1976) was an Estonian and Latvian linguist and translator. In Estonia, he became known as the country's foremost translator from Latvian at the time (translated works of Jānis Rainis, Vilis Lācis and Andrejs Upīts, among many others), but he also translated from Estonian into Latvian (Oskar Luts Abandoned House). Aben was born into an Estonian family in Northern Latvia, he studied at the University of Tartu, graduating as Estonian philologist in 1940. From 1940 to 1941 he worked at the University of Riga as a lecturer of Estonian and Finnish. From 1944 to 1961 he worked at the University of Tartu. Aben published numerous articles on Estonian and Latvian literature and relations, as well as pedagogy and linguistics. Karl Aben authored first Estonian-Latvian and Latvian-Estonian dictionaries. References Category:1896 births Category:1976 deaths Category:Estonian translators Category:University of Tartu alumni Category:20th-century translators

Notostylopidae Notostylopidae is an extinct family comprising five genera of notoungulate mammals known from the Late Paleocene (Riochican) to Early Oligocene (Tinguirirican) of Argentina, Brazil and Chile in South America References Category:Notoungulates Category:Prehistoric mammal families Category:Paleogene mammals of South America Category:Eocene first appearances Category:Rupelian extinctions Category:Taxa named by Florentino Ameghino

East Dart River The East Dart River is one of the two main tributaries of the River Dart in Devon, England. Its source is to the west of Whitehorse Hill and slightly south of Cranmere Pool on Dartmoor. It flows south and then south-west for around 9 km to reach the village of Postbridge where it is spanned by a well-known clapper bridge. Just above Postbridge the river drops around 2 metres in a short distance and the point is referred to as "Waterfall". It continues south past Bellever to Dartmeet where it joins the West Dart. References Dart Dart Category:River Dart 1EastDart

Eumitra Eumitra is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, in the family Mitridae, the miters or miter snails. Species Species within the genus Eumitra include: † Eumitra alokiza (Tenison Woods, 1879) Eumitra apheles Lozouet, 1991 Eumitra caledonica Lozouet, 1991 Eumitra imbricata Lozouet, 1991 † Eumitra nitens (P. Marshall, 1918) Eumitra richeri Lozouet, 1991 Eumitra suduirauti Bozzetti, 1997 † Eumitra waitemataensis (Powell & Bartrum, 1929) References * Category:Gastropods described in 1889

Eraniel railway station Eraniel Railway station (Station code: ERL) in Eraniel is the most important railway station of Kallkkulam taluk of Kanyakumari district in the Tamil Nadu state of India. The station has two platforms and falls on the Kanyakumari—Thiruvananthapuram line in the Thiruvananthapuram division of the Southern Railway zone. All daily trains passing through the station halts in Eraniel station. The famous Mandaikadu Bagavathi Amman Temple, Colachel Port, I.R.E Industries in Manavalakurichi and Padmanabhapuram Palace are situated nearby the Station. The station also is the nearest railhead for two municipalities - Padmanabapuram, Colachel and for 25 villages. Revenue Places of interest Mandaikadu Bagavathi Amman Temple Padmanabhapuram Palace Thiruvithamcode Kumaracoil Murugan Temple Sivalayams Muttom Thiruparrapu Falls Udayagirib Fort Colachel Services Extension of Trains Extension of Tiruchi-Tirunelveli Intercity Express 22627/22628 up to Thiruvananthapuram Extension of Thiruvananthapuram central - Mangaluru 16603/16604 Mavali Express up to Kanniyakumari New Train Services A new overnight express from Velankanni to Kochuveli Via. Thanjavur Jn, Trichy Jn, Pudukkottai, Nagercoil Jn, Eraniel and Thiruvananthapuram central Kaniyakumari to Vasco-Da-Gama (Goa) daily train via. Thiruvananthapuram central and Ernakulam Technical Details Total Thiruvananthapuram -Nagercoil Section km = 71.05 Line capacity of Thiruvananthapuram -Nagercoil Section : 114.1% Maximum Permissible speed of Thiruvananthapuram -Nagercoil Section : 80 km/h Total Stations =13 Block Station =6 CNC Station = 1 Halt Station =6 Critical Block Section = Eraniel - Nagercoil Station km = 272.62 Transfer Division The Thiruvananthapuram-Nagercoil-Kanyakumari railway line was opened on Sixteenth April 1979, and was then under Madurai Division. Thiruvananthapuram division was formed on second October 1979 carving out certain sections from Madurai division. The Meter Gauge sections of Madurai division were retained, while all the newly laid Broad Gauge Sections of Madurai Division were transferred to Thiruvananthapuram Division. Thus, the Thiruvananthapuram-Nagercoil-Kanyakumari BG line, and the under-construction Tirunelveli-Nagercoil BG line were transferred to Thiruvananthapuram Division. It was then mentioned that when the Tirunelveli-Madurai line is converted into BG line the sections falling under Kanyakumari district and Tirunelveli District would be transferred back to Madurai Division. The Thrunelveli-Madurai line was converted into BG line on 8-4-1981 and ever since people from South Tamil Nadu have been demanding the merger of Kanyakumari BG line with Madurai Division. Ever since its inception, Kanyakumari district has been willfully neglected by Thiruvananthapuram division(like what Thiruvananthapuram and Palakkad Divisions are neglected by Southern Railway), be it in providing Railway infrastructure, providing the required train services, passenger amenities etc. Kanyakumari terminal station lacks the required Railway infrastructures and therefore request for more train services were always turned down by them citing the same handicap as the reason. Kanyakumari District people are demanding transfer Kanyakumari - Nagercoil - Kuzhithurai - Thiruvananthapuram (except Thiruvananthapuram Station) and Nagercoil - Tirunelveli (up to Melappalayam) section to Madurai Division, at the earliest. It is also stressed that under any circumstances, the above places should be under the administration of southern railway zone that is with Chennai only. Even in future also this area should not be attached with any other Zone including Trivandrum, Kerala. Suburban stations Gallery References External links Satellite Map of Eraniel Railway Station Eraniel Railway Station details Category:Railway stations in Kanyakumari district Category:Thiruvananthapuram railway division Category:Railway stations opened in 1979

Chris Fleming (comedian) Chris Fleming (born January 29, 1987) is an American comedian best known for his YouTube series Gayle, in which he stars as the titular character of Gayle Waters-Waters. In June 2019, Fleming was named one of Variety's 10 Comics to Watch for 2019. Early life and education Fleming grew up in Stow, Massachusetts, attended Nashoba Regional High School, when he first began to do stand-up comedy. He received a degree in theater from Skidmore College in 2009, and one credit short of receiving a minor in dance. Gayle GAYLE is a 40-episode, absurdist comedy series on YouTube that was launched in 2012. The series follows high-strung, eccentric suburban mother Gayle Waters-Waters and her ruthless journey to uphold social status in her small suburban community of Northbread, Massachusetts. Fleming developed the idea for Gayle through stand-up. GAYLE is written by Fleming and directed by Melissa Strype, who also plays Gayle's daughter, Terry Gross Waters-Waters. Fleming's mother co-stars as Bonnie, Gayle's best friend and biggest rival, and his father's legs play the role of Dave (with Fleming's voice), Gayle's very submissive husband. The music is by Brian Heveron-Smith, Tom Lowery, and Chris Hartford. Comedian Margaret Cho grew an interest in the show and guest starred in an episode. The series is filmed in Chris Fleming's hometown in Massachusetts. In 2014 the Gayle team went on a US tour with the show titled Gayle Live. YouTube channel Fleming runs a YouTube channel under his own name; the channel has gained over 373,000 subscribers as of November 2019. In addition to Gayle, Fleming has a variety of other content that ranges from music videos to car rants. His 2015 video "COMPANY IS COMING", starring his Gayle character, went viral, accruing over 10 million views as of April 2019. Stand-up comedy Chris Fleming began doing stand-up comedy in 2005, and in 2016 and 2017 he toured the United States with his stand-up comedy show titled Showpig. References External links Rising comic Chris Fleming chases stand-up dream in LA – The Boston Globe Local Comedian Chris Fleming Brings Fictional Local Web Character ‘Gayle’ to Boston Stage – BDCwire Meet Chris Fleming, a Man Who's Man Enough to Admit He's Afraid to Talk to Men - LA Weekly Category:1987 births Category:Living people Category:People from Stow, Massachusetts Category:Comedians from Massachusetts Category:American YouTubers Category:21st-century American comedians Category:Skidmore College alumni

Sensory organs of gastropods The sensory organs of gastropods (snails and slugs) include olfactory organs, eyes, statocysts and mechanoreceptors. Gastropods have no sense of hearing. Olfactory organs In terrestrial gastropods the most important sensory organs are the olfactory organs which are located on the tips of the 4 tentacles. Some terrestrial gastropods can track the odor of food using their tentacles (tropotaxis) and the wind (anemotaxis). In opisthobranch marine gastropods, the chemosensory organs are two protruding structures on top of the head. These are known as rhinophores. An opisthobranch sea slug Navanax inermis has chemoreceptors on the sides of its mouth to track mucopolysaccharides in the slime trails of prey, and of potential mates. The freshwater snail Bithynia tentaculata is capable of detecting the presence of molluscivorous (mollusk-eating) leeches through chemoreception, and of closing its operculum to avoid predation. The deepwater snail Bathynerita naticoidea can detect mussel beds containing the mussel Bathymodiolus childressi, because it is attracted to water that has cues in it from this species of mussel. Eyes In terrestrial pulmonate gastropods, eye spots are present at the tips of the tentacles in the Stylommatophora or at the base of the tentacles in the Basommatophora. These eye spots range from simple ocelli that cannot project an image (simply distinguishing light and dark), to more complex pit and even lens eyes. Vision is not the most important requirement in terrestrial gastropods, because they are mainly nocturnal animals. Some gastropods, for example the freshwater Apple snails (family Ampullariidae) and marine species of genus Strombus can completely regenerate their eyes. The gastropods in both of these families have lens eyes. Morphological sequence of different types of multicellular eyes exemplified by gastropod eyes: Lens eyes {| ||[[File:Bolinus brandaris eye.png|left|thumb|Lens eye of Bolinus brandaris.]] || || |} another drawing of eye of Helix pomatia Statocysts In the statocysts of Haliotis asinina'' was found the expression of a conserved gene (Pax-258 gene), which is also important for forming structures for balance in eumetazoans. Mechanoreceptors The mechanoreceptors are very crucial to the snail's sensory. See also Hancock's organ Sensory ecology Sensory systems in fish References This article incorporates CC-BY-2.0 text from the reference Further reading Sergei Tschachotin. 1908. Die Statocyste der Heteropoden. Heidelberg, Univ., Diss., (Zeitschrift f. wissenschaftl. Zoologie; Bd. 90; S. 343-422). External links Category:Gastropod anatomy Category:Sensory organs in animals

1996 TCU Horned Frogs football team The 1996 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1996 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Horned Frogs finished the season 4–7 overall and 3–5 in the Western Athletic Conference. The team was coached by Pat Sullivan, in his fifth year as head coach. The Frogs played their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on campus in Fort Worth, Texas. Schedule References TCU Category:TCU Horned Frogs football seasons TCU Horned Frogs football

SLC22A12 Solute carrier family 22 (organic anion/cation transporter), member 12, also known as SLC22A12 and URAT1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SLC22A12 gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a urate transporter and urate-anion exchanger which regulates the level of urate in the blood. This protein is an integral membrane protein primarily found in kidney. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Clinical significance Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms of this gene are significantly associated with altered (increased or decreased) reabsorption of uric acid by the kidneys. Respectively, these altered rates of reabsorption contribute to hyperuricemia and hypouricemia. Interactions SLC22A12 has been shown to interact with PDZK1. Inhibition Lesinurad is a urate transporter inhibitor that has been approved to treat gout. Lesinurad enhances urate excretion by inhibition the tubular re-absorption. Probenecid also facilitates uric acid secretion. See also Solute carrier family References Further reading Category:Solute carrier family Category:Uric acid

Aechmea leucolepis Aechmea leucolepis is a species in the genus Aechmea. This species is endemic to eastern Brazil from Bahia to Espírito Santo. References leucolepis Category:Flora of Brazil Category:Plants described in 1955

Elenski but Elenski but ( or (more precisely but less commonly) , sometimes translated as Elena round or Elena leg) is a dry-cured ham from the town of Elena in northern Bulgaria and a popular delicacy throughout the country. The meat has a specific taste and can be preserved in the course of several years, owing much to the special process of making and the climatic conditions of the part of Stara Planina where Elena is located. Preparation The legs and quarters of the pig, traditionally singed and scraped, are taken from the body. Later the redundant parts are removed, so that the remaining meat is protected by hide or the skin that surrounds the muscle tissue. After the legs are shaped, they are well salted and put at the bottom of a postav, a special type of barrel designed for the occasion. The delicacy traditionally remains in salt for 40 days, then is taken out and left to dry. Preservation technologies There are various preservation technologies used to prepare elenski but these typically vary considerably from family to family, as opposed to regionally. In the past, the rounds were put in well trampled upon maize meal or processed with lime milk. The meat could also be stored in specially sewn bags of cheesecloth or wooden containers with thick nets instead of walls (muharnik), but as a rule were placed somewhere airy, where the clear mountain air could aid the drying and conservation, and also in order to prevent houseflies laying eggs on the rounds. In many of the small towns around Elena, the rounds were in the past left in conservation in the rooms where the daily house fire was lit, so that a certain amount of smoking could be achieved in order to add smoked flavour. See also Prosciutto and Jamón serrano, similar delicacies Bulgarian cuisine List of hams List of dried foods List of smoked foods Notes External links Short Journey.bg article on elenski but, featuring a couple of pictures Category:Bulgarian cuisine Category:Balkan mountains Category:Ham Category:Dried meat Category:Smoked meat

Milan Dolinský Milan Dolinský (born 17 April 1935) is a former Slovak footballer. During his career he played for CH Bratislava. He earned 10 caps and scored 5 goals for the Czechoslovakia national football team from 1959 to 1960, and participated in the 1960 European Nations' Cup. External links Profile Category:1935 births Category:Slovak footballers Category:Czechoslovak footballers Category:Czechoslovakia international footballers Category:1960 European Nations' Cup players Category:FK Inter Bratislava players Category:Living people Category:Association football forwards

Malaya Kozlovka Malaya Kozlovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. References Category:Rural localities in Vladimir Oblast

Lloyd H. Wood Lloyd H. Wood (October 25, 1896 – February 15, 1964) was an American Republican politician from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania who served as the 20th Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania from 1951 to 1955. He served in the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 12th district from 1947 to 1951 and in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the Montgomery County district from 1939 to 1946. Early life and education Wood was born in Grampian, Pennsylvania, to George L. and Maude (Goss) Wood. He graduated from Central High School in Winchester Township and received a B.S. degree from Ursinus College and a LL.B from Temple University. He served as a corporal in the United States Marine Corps in both World War I and World War II. Career He worked as attorney-at-law for the Montgomery County Republican Committee and served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the Montgomery County district from 1939 to 1946. He resigned from the House on February 11, 1946, and served in the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1947 to 1951. He served as the 20th Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania from 1951 to 1955 under Governor John Fine. He had an unsuccessful campaign for Governor of Pennsylvania in 1955. He was elected Chief Clerk of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and served from 1957 to 1959. He died on February 15, 1964, and is interred at Riverside Cemetery in West Norriton Township, Pennsylvania. References External links The Political Graveyard |- |- Category:1896 births Category:1964 deaths Category:20th-century American politicians Category:American Marine Corps personnel of World War I Category:American Marine Corps personnel of World War II Category:Burials in Pennsylvania Category:Lieutenant Governors of Pennsylvania Category:Members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives Category:Pennsylvania lawyers Category:Pennsylvania Republicans Category:Pennsylvania state senators Category:People from Clearfield County, Pennsylvania Category:Temple University Beasley School of Law alumni Category:Ursinus College alumni

Terrance Ollivierre Terrance Nathaniel Ollivierre is a Vincentian politician, teacher and vocalist. Terrance is the Member of Parliament for the constituency of Southern Grenadines in the House of Assembly of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Political career In the 2001 general election Terrance competed for the first time for elections and was elected to House of Assembly of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. On 7 December 2005 general elections, Terrance competed and was elected to House of Assembly of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as opposition (MP) with a voter amount of 1,857 In 2010, Terrance was elected for a third term, but his party New Democratic Party was defeated by the Unity Labour Party In 2015, his party leader Arnhim Eustace argued with current Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves about elections being unfair. References Category:Living people Category:Members of the House of Assembly of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Category:New Democratic Party (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) politicians Category:1964 births

The Electric Flag The Electric Flag was an American blues rock soul group, led by guitarist Mike Bloomfield, keyboardist Barry Goldberg and drummer Buddy Miles, and featuring other musicians such as vocalist Nick Gravenites and bassist Harvey Brooks. Bloomfield formed the Electric Flag in 1967, following his stint with the Butterfield Blues Band. The band reached its peak with the 1968 release, A Long Time Comin', a fusion of rock, jazz, and R&B styles that charted well in the Billboard Pop Albums chart. Their initial recording was a soundtrack for The Trip, a movie about an LSD experience by Peter Fonda, written by Jack Nicholson and directed by Roger Corman. History Formation With his appreciation for blues, soul and R&B, Bloomfield wanted to create a group of his own that would feature what he called "American music." He was inspired not only by the big band blues of B.B. King, T-Bone Walker, and Guitar Slim (Eddie Jones), but also by the contemporary soul sounds of Otis Redding, Steve Cropper, Booker T. & the M.G.'s, and other Stax recording artists. He also drew inspiration from traditional country, gospel, and blues forms. Initially called the American Music Band, Bloomfield organized the band that would become known as The Electric Flag in the spring of 1967, not long after he produced a session with Chicago blues harmonica player James Cotton that featured a horn section. Bloomfield decided that his new band would also have horns and would play an amalgam of the American music he loved. The group was initially formed at the instigation of Bloomfield, and the assistance of Barry Goldberg. Harvey Brooks, who had previously worked with Bloomfield in 1965, recording Bob Dylan's Highway 61 Revisited, joined as bassist, and recommended Buddy Miles, then 19 years old, who was the drummer at the time for Wilson Pickett. Brooks was working with Murray the K on the "Music in the Fifth Dimension" show at the RKO Theatre and was at Wilson Pickett's sound check/rehearsal watching Pickett fine Miles $50 a pop for missed cues. After the rehearsal Brooks approached Miles telling him about Bloomfield's credits, asking if he wanted to meet and talk about Bloomfield's new band. Miles was persuaded by Goldberg, Bloomfield and Brooks to leave Pickett. Initially, Bloomfield and Goldberg had asked Mitch Ryder to be the vocalist, since Bloomfield and Goldberg had been contributing to some Ryder recording sessions. Ryder declined the invitation, preferring to remain with the Detroit Wheels. Bloomfield next approached Nick Gravenites, originally also from Chicago, who agreed. Peter Strazza, whom Goldberg knew from Chicago, joined on tenor saxophone. Jazz guitarist Larry Coryell, who had developed his career in Seattle while a university student, recommended Seattle-based Marcus Doubleday on trumpet. Career Bloomfield and Goldberg developed the group in San Francisco, under Albert Grossman's management, and immediately began working on the band's first project: the soundtrack for the film The Trip. Actor Peter Fonda approached Bloomfield for the project, as a replacement for Gram Parsons' International Submarine Band. Director Roger Corman did not find the music of Parsons' band appropriate for a movie about the LSD experience. At the time, the Electric Flag was rehearsing in Gram Parsons' Laurel Canyon, California home. Bloomfield was solely credited for all of the compositions on the album. He hired keyboardist Paul Beaver to add texture to the soundtrack, through the use of one of the first Moog Synthesizers on record. The soundtrack recording was reportedly completed in ten days. While the movie received mixed reviews, the soundtrack attracted positive critical notice. As described by David Dann in his biography of the Electric Flag, "The record was also one of the most adventurous for pop music in 1967, sampling freely from jazz, rock, blues and classical idioms, and doing so with wit and intelligence. It very much favored the eclectic approach toward American musical forms that Bloomfield wanted the new band to embody. That Michael could create such unusual and wide-ranging pieces said much for his appreciation and knowledge of those forms, and displayed his characteristic fearlessness when it came to experimentation." One of the Bloomfield compositions from The Trip soundtrack, "Flash, Bam, Pow," was later included in the soundtrack to the 1969 film Easy Rider. The song was omitted from the release of the original soundtrack and has not been included in subsequent reissues. The band made its debut appearance at the Monterey Pop Festival, the first of the 1960s rock music extravaganzas. Now called the Electric Flag, the group was well received by the audience of 55,000, though its performance fell short of Bloomfield's high standards. Following Monterey, the band toured the Northeast and perform in the San Francisco area while working on a recording for Columbia Records. Though a critical success, the band remained largely unknown to the general public due in part to the band's inability to complete its first album in a timely manner. In addition, Marcus Doubleday had joined the band as a heroin addict, while Peter Strazza, Barry Goldberg and Bloomfield developed heroin problems thereafter. In November 1967, Goldberg left the band in an effort to bring his personal circumstances under control. He was replaced by Michael Fonfara, at the time playing with David Clayton-Thomas in New York, and who was recommended by Buddy Miles. Fonfara was fired by Albert Grossman by December, after a drug bust in Los Angeles. As a result, he was replaced by Herb Rich, who had to perform a dual role on keyboards and sax. He had to handle that role until saxophonist Stemsy Hunter, who was a friend of Miles came on board in early 1968. Fonfara was shortly thereafter selected as the keyboard player for Rhinoceros, where he rebuilt his musical career. He spent the 1970s playing, recording and producing with Lou Reed, among other activities, prior to developing a successful career in Canada as a member of the Downchild Blues Band and as a producer of other artists. Subsequent to completing the soundtrack to The Trip, the band commenced work on its long-awaited first album, A Long Time Comin'. The album, released in March 1968, was recorded between July 1967 and January 1968. The album was one of the first pop recordings to blend sound and voice samples with music. By early 1968, drummer Buddy Miles had become a dominant force in the band's musical direction. The group's repertory by then included numerous contemporary soul covers, featuring Miles on vocals, plus many classic blues tunes. The band produced fewer than a dozen original pieces, mostly written by vocalist Nick Gravenites. Bloomfield's original "American music" concept appeared to have narrowed considerably. In terms of the band's original material, Miles Davis praised the Bloomfield–Goldberg composition, "Over-Lovin' You", in a Down Beat Blindfold Test in 1968. By June 1968, only months after the release of the album, Bloomfield quit the group, based on exhaustion brought on by continuing insomnia that was ineffectively medicated through heroin. In the weeks prior to his departure, there had been much public speculation as to whether Bloomfield was leaving the group or whether the group was leaving him. Miles, rather than Bloomfield, had become the de facto leader of the group. Though they strove to carry on under Miles' direction, the Electric Flag was effectively finished. They issued the late 1968 album The Electric Flag: An American Music Band, but personality conflicts, differing aesthetics, and a series of drug problems hastened the band's downfall. Epilogue Though the Electric Flag was together in its original configuration less than a year, the band made a strong impression on critics and musicians, primarily in the San Francisco area where they were based. One of the first rock groups to include horns, the Electric Flag preceded the earliest edition of Blood, Sweat and Tears with Al Kooper. Al Kooper left BS&T in April 1968, and was inspired by a jam recording with Moby Grape to organize the similarly structured Super Session album. The lineup included Electric Flag members Bloomfield, Brooks, and Goldberg. Bloomfield eventually dropped out of the sessions due to insomnia, and was replaced by Buffalo Springfield's Stephen Stills. Bloomfield and Kooper later toured together, while drummer and vocalist Buddy Miles went on to form the Buddy Miles Express and play in Jimi Hendrix's Band of Gypsys. Bloomfield developed a solo career, commencing with the release of It's Not Killing Me in 1969, which included former Electric Flag bandmate Marcus Doubleday on trumpet. Mike Bloomfield released several albums after this, including Nick Gravenites Live at the Fillmore which includes Taj Mahal doing "One More Mile". Buddy Miles started the Buddy Miles Express with a big hit "Down By the River". As noted Miles played with Hendrix in Band of Gypsies and then later with Carlos Santana. Miles died in 2008. A reunion took place in 1974, with the Electric Flag releasing The Band Kept Playing, but the recording was not a commercial or critical success and the band quickly disbanded after several months of sporadic gigs. This lineup of the band featured Bloomfield, Goldberg, Miles, and Gravenites, along with new member Roger Troy on bass and vocals. On July 28 and 29, 2007, a concert took place at the Monterey County Fairgrounds, commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Monterey Pop Festival. One of the acts featured was a one-time reunion of The Electric Flag, anchored by original members Gravenites, Goldberg, and former member Hunter, backed by members of the Tower of Power and The Blues Project. The one-hour set featured material from the first album, as well as several blues covers. Former members Mike Bloomfield — lead guitars, vocals (1967–1968, 1974; died 1981) Barry Goldberg — keyboards (1967, 1974, 2007) Harvey Brooks — bass (1967–1969) Buddy Miles — drums, vocals (1967–1969, 1974; died 2008) Nick Gravenites — rhythm guitars, vocals (1967–1969, 1974, 2007) Peter Strazza — saxophone (1967–1969) Marcus Doubleday — trumpet (1967–1969) Michael Fonfara — keyboards (1967) Herbie Rich — keyboards, saxophone (1967–1969; died 2004) Stemsy Hunter - saxophone (1968–1969, 2007) John Simon - keyboards, arranger (1969) Roger Troy — bass, vocals (1974) Discography Other misc releases The Electric Flag: Live (2000) I Found Out (2000) Funk Grooves (Classic World Productions, 2002) Info on albums I Found Out (Dressed To Kill, 2005), I Should Have Left Her (Music Avenue, 2007. It is the same material on different releases, namely outtakes from the 1974 reunion recording and live performances from the original band in 1968). The track listing for the Class World Productions Funk Grooves release, subtitled "The Best of Electric Flag" is as follows: "It's Not the Spotlight" "I Was Robbed Last Night" "I Found Out" "Never Be Lonely Again" "Losing Game" "My Baby Wants to Test Me" "I Should Have Left Her" "You Don't Realize" "Groovin' Is Easy" The only live recording appears to be "You Don't Realize", with "Groovin' Is Easy" being a poorly recorded version of the original. Most of the songs are blues-based Bloomfield originals. No performer credits are provided. Harvey Brooks appears on the cover, even though he was not part of the 1974 reunion. Buddy Miles appears as lead vocalist only on "It's Not The Spotlight", a 1973 song co-written by Barry Goldberg and Gerry Goffin. The song was recorded by both Manhattan Transfer and Rod Stewart, but did not find its way on to The Band Kept Playing (1974). References External links Official Mike Bloomfield Site Michael Bloomfield Chronology & Analysis Category:Rock music groups from Illinois Category:Musical groups established in 1967 Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1974 Category:1967 establishments in Illinois Category:American blues rock musical groups Category:American psychedelic rock music groups

Cochylis erromena Cochylis erromena is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Guerrero, Mexico. References Category:Moths described in 1984 Category:Cochylis

Leigh Howard Stevens Leigh Howard Stevens (born March 9, 1953 in Orange, New Jersey) is a marimba artist best known for developing, codifying, and promoting the Stevens technique or Musser-Stevens grip, a method of independent four-mallet marimba performance based on the Musser grip. Studies Leigh Howard Stevens (LHS) studied under some of the most prominent percussion teachers and performers of his time, including jazz drummer Joe Morello, and marimbist Vida Chenoweth, with whom he studied in New Zealand the summer after his freshman year of college. LHS pursued his college studies at the Eastman School of Music planning to be a drum set player. Stevens recalls, "I noticed when I got to Eastman that the techniques I was using--the one-handed roll, rotary strokes, doing Baroque trills with one hand, two-part Bach inventions, things like that--got a lot of attention. Other people seemed to think that I had a lot of talent on the marimba. I gradually began to realize that I had the potential of being a much better marimba player than I had of becoming a world-class drum set player." Stevens' promptly switched to concert percussion, studied with John Beck and received a Performer's Certificate. Method of Movement for Marimba During the 1970s, LHS began writing down his thoughts and exercises he invented in order to facilitate the mastery of this new technique. The result was his pedagogical treatise Method of Movement for Marimba, first published in 1979 by his own company, Marimba Productions. Method of Movement for Marimba describes Stevens' method for holding marimba mallets, efficient utilization of motion, and includes over 500 musical exercises for the student. Method of Movement (often shortened to MOM) was the first textbook to fully describe a complete method for holding and playing with 4 mallets. LHS came up with the technique after learning several other grips and considers his technique an outgrowth of the Musser grip. The Stevens technique is defined by a vertical hand position (in contrast to the previous flat-palmed Musser player), pivoting around either unused mallet (instead of lifting the unused mallet out of the way), and moving the end of the inside mallet through the palm for larger intervals. Stroke Types Single Independent Strokes: the ability to strike single (or repeated single) strokes without moving the unused mallet held in that hand. Single Alternating Strokes: executed as if they were alternating single independent strokes, these strokes consist of discrete, side to side rockings of the hand. Double Vertical Strokes: a stroke that produces two pitches simultaneously. (It is somewhat of "double stop" with one hand). Double Lateral Strokes: single motions that produce two successive pitches. It begins as a double vertical stroke but goes through a split second metamorphosis where one mallet strikes before the other. Performance Stevens' performance at the first PASIC (Percussive Arts Society International Convention) in Rochester, New York in 1976 was a seminal event for all in attendance. For the first time, many percussion performers and teachers were seeing someone performing with a quasi-Musser grip but with an unprecedented degree of flexibility. Stevens was not attempting to revolutionize the percussion world; rather, he was merely performing in what he thought was a natural method for the marimba. LHS continues to be an active performer and clinician worldwide and has appeared at a dozen Percussive Arts Society International Conventions (PASIC) since 1976, and served as Professor of Marimba at the Royal Academy of Music in London, England from 1997-2004. From 1980 to the present, he has held a three-week Summer Marimba Seminar in Ocean Grove, New Jersey where an average of 30 students from around the world come participate in an intensive study of music and the Stevens’ technique with LHS himself. On November 10, 2006, Stevens was officially inducted into the Percussive Arts Society Hall of Fame during the 2006 PASIC in Austin, Texas. He is an alumnus of Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey and was inducted into the school's Hall of Fame. Marimba Productions, Inc. Stevens started his own publishing company, Marimba Productions, in 1979 because he could not find a publishing company for his MOM manuscript. Still in business today, Marimba Productions Inc. comprises Malletech instruments and mallets, Keyboard Percussion Publications, and Resonator Records. Marimba Productions Inc. also includes acquisitions: Music Project, M.Baker Publications, Percussion Arts and Studio 4 Music. Works Original Compositions Rhythmic Caprice Great Wall Transcriptions Christ Lag in Todesbanden (J.S. Bach) Album for the Young II (Schumann) Adventure's of Ivan (Khachaturian) Sonata in A Minor (Bach) Prelude and Fugue in B-flat Major (Bach) Album for the Young (Tchaikovsky) Sonata in B Minor (Bach) Two Part Inventions (Bach) Album for the Young I (Schumann) Children's Corner (Debussy) Major pieces written for or commissioned by Leigh Howard Stevens Jacob Druckman: Reflections on the Nature of Water 1 Matthew Harris: Potpourri 2 Raymond Helble: Grand Fantasy in C Major Toccata Fantasy in E-flat minor Preludes for Marimba (Nos. 1-3, Nos. 4-6, Nos. 7-9) Concerto for Orchestra and Marimba Concerto for Marimba and Percussion Ensemble Movement for Marimba and Harpsichord Two Movements for Marimba and String Quartet Duo Concertante (for marimba and violin) David Maslanka: Variations on Lost Love William Penn: Four Preludes for Marimba Roger Reynolds: Autumn Island 1 Joseph Schwantner: Velocites 1 John Serry, Jr.: Rhapsody for Marimba, "Night Rhapsody" West Side Suite Gordon Stout: Beads of Glass Diptych No. 4 Route 666 Christopher Stowens: Atamasco and the Wooden Shalter2 (for Synthesized Tape and Amplified Marimba) 1 commissioned by a consortium of William Moersch, Gordon Stout, and Stevens Discography Bach on Marimba Marimba When References Bibliography Diliberto, John. “Marimba Missionary.” Rhythm, January 1989. Burritt, Michael. “An Interview with Leigh Howard Stevens.” Percussive Notes, December, 1992. External links Marimba Productions Inc. Category:American marimbists Category:1953 births Category:Academics of the Royal Academy of Music Category:Columbia High School (New Jersey) alumni Category:Eastman School of Music alumni Category:Living people Category:People from Orange, New Jersey

Elena Cuza Elena Cuza (17 June 1825 – 2 April 1909), also known under her semi-official title Elena Doamna, was a Moldavian, later Romanian noblewoman and philanthropist. She was princess consort of the United Principalities and the wife of Alexander John Cuza. Biography The daughter of postelnic Iordache Rosetti, a high-ranking boyar of the Rosetti family, she was also closely related to the Sturdzas and other families of boyars. Born in Iaşi, she married Cuza in 1844 — their relationship soured soon after, as Elena was not able to bear a child. However, she later raised as her own children his two sons by his mistress, Elena Maria Catargiu-Obrenović. She remained, however, very devoted to her husband in their public life, and was responsible for securing his flight from the country in 1848, after Prince Mihail Sturdza began arresting participants in the Moldavian revolutionary movement. They returned after the start of Grigore Alexandru Ghica's rule, but Elena suffered from depression after Cuza began engaging in adulterous affairs and left for Paris, France until 1853. After her return, she became almost completely estranged from her husband, who kept as his mistress Elena Maria Catargiu-Obrenović, the mother of Milan Obrenović (future Prince of Serbia). Elena left for Paris and remained there until 1862, long after the ad hoc Divan had elected Cuza ruler; she had been persuaded to do so by the writer and political figure Vasile Alecsandri, who tried to extinguish the scandal provoked by Cuza's marital neglect. As wife of the head of state, she became noted for her charity work (the building of the Elena Doamna Asylum in Cotroceni, Bucharest) and adopted orphans, including the illegitimate children of her husband — Alexandru Al. Ioan Cuza and Dimitrie Cuza; Elena Cuza took over, furnished, and maintained the private residence in Ruginoasa, Iaşi County, and was responsible for the Neo-gothic style of its decorations. During the coup d'état against her husband (22 February 1866), she was isolated in her apartments by the conspirators, who burst in on Cuza as he was spending the night with Maria Catargi-Obrenović. Both she and Maria joined Cuza in his European exile. After her husband's death in 1873, she took care of their children, and lived to see the death of her two adoptive sons (Alexandru, was the husband of Maria Moruzi - she was later married, for just one day, with the National Liberal leader Ion I. C. Brătianu, and gave birth to the historian and politician Gheorghe I. Brătianu). References Radu R. Florescu, "Elena Cuza - dincolo de legendă", in Magazin Istoric, January 1998 Petre Otu,"«Adevărul rămâne oricare ar fi soarta celor care l-au servit». Gh.I.Brătianu — un istoric printre politicieni", in Dosarele Istoriei, 1/VI, 2001 External links Category:1825 births Category:1909 deaths Category:People from Iași Elena Category:Members of the Romanian Orthodox Church Category:Romanian philanthropists Category:Romanian royalty Category:Spouses of national leaders Category:Royal consorts of Wallachia Category:Royal consorts of Moldavia Category:19th-century philanthropists

Bivetiella similis Bivetiella similis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails. Description Distribution References Category:Cancellariidae Category:Gastropods described in 1833

Monroe Community College Monroe Community College is a public community college in Monroe County, New York. It is part of the State University of New York. The college has two campuses; the main campus in the town of Brighton, and the Downtown Campus in the City of Rochester. The college also has off-site learning at the Applied Technologies Center, Monroe County Public Safety Training Facility, and extension sites in East Rochester, Greece, Spencerport, Webster, and online. History The origins of what became known as Monroe Community College begin in 1960, when a well-known local physician, Dr. Samuel J. Stabins (1901 - 1989) recognized the need to prepare students to work in hospitals and health care facilities. In 1961, MCC became part of the SUNY system, and its program offerings were expanded to prepare graduates for employment, or transfer to a four-year institution. Initially, the college was lodged in East High School located at 410 Alexander Street. The location was condemned by the city as a fire hazard, which forced the school to make renovations. On September 9, 1962, the original campus re-opened with the first class of 720 students. Three years later in June 1965, MCC became the first college in the nation to receive accreditation within three years of its founding. Due to increasing enrollment, the college overflowed its first location's capacity. In 1968, the college moved to its present main campus on East Henrietta Road in Brighton. In 1991, the college announced plans for a second campus to serve a steady influx of students. The Damon City Campus, named in honor of longtime Trustee E. Kent Damon, opened its doors the following year in downtown Rochester, and educates students in law, criminal justice, human services and K-12 teaching. , MCC has served more than a quarter of a million people. Within the past several years MCC has welcomed the additions of the Louis S. and Molly B. Wolk Center for Excellence in Nursing, and the PAC fitness and recreational facility. Presidents Campuses MCC occupies two campuses: the main campus on 1000 East Henrietta Road in the Town of Brighton, New York and the Downtown Campus on 321 State Street near Frontier Field and Kodak Tower. MCC also offers classes at the Applied Technologies Center on West Henrietta Road which includes automotive technologies, heating/cooling ventilation, and precision tooling and machinery. In addition, they train law enforcement, fire safety, and emergency medical services personnel at the county Public Safety Training Facility. Academics Today, Monroe Community College hosts a diverse student body and offers 83 degree and certification programs. Of the approximately 41,000 students who take classes through Monroe Community College annually, more than 65 percent are under 25 years old, and more than half are women. The majority of students are enrolled in certificate and degree programs. In addition, the college trains the area's workforce through open enrollment and corporate training programs, serving small to mid-size employers such as Melles Griot and large employers including Kodak and Xerox. Many students opt to take a "2+2" transfer program, in which they enroll in a program to earn their associate degree in two years with the intent of transferring to a college or university — primarily the University of Rochester, Rochester Institute of Technology, Saint John Fisher College, Roberts Wesleyan College, SUNY Geneseo, SUNY Brockport, Nazareth College, or the Eastman School of Music — to complete a bachelor's degree. Graduates of MCC have moved on to more than 100 different schools. In 2005, 2,680 people graduated from the college. Of those who transferred to another college, 62 percent chose one of the region's four-year colleges and universities. Of those graduates who enrolled at MCC to prepare for a career, 89 percent stayed in the greater Rochester area and found work in many local industries. Student life Students maintain a regular newspaper, The Monroe Doctrine, which includes both a bi-weekly print version and an online version. The radio station (closed circuit/web feed only) is also student operated and there are 57 student clubs and organizations for students to participate in. The Student Association, of which all currently enrolled student life fee-paying students are members, is governed by the Brighton Campus Student Government Association (SGA) and the Damon Campus Student Events and Governance Association (SEGA). The Campus Activities Board (CAB) is the events organization at MCC. The CAB sponsors on-campus activities such as Freestyle Fridays, Fall Fest and Spring Fling. CAB also brings in Guest Speakers to present on various current issues facing students. Phi Theta Kappa, the international honor society of two-year colleges and academic programs, has a chapter on the MCC campus. The chapter also participates in the Honors in Action Study Topic and the College Project to remain a 5-star chapter. MCC offers smart classrooms, interactive videoconferencing capabilities, eight electronic learning centers (the largest of which has 100+ workstations), the Warshof Conference Center (open to the public), dental clinic, fitness and dance studios, a new synthetic turf field, and a variety of dining and restaurant options on campus. Brighton Campus is one of the few college campuses that is nearly completely enclosed. The Brighton Campus, along with the Applied Technologies Center on West Henrietta Road and the Downtown Campus is completely wireless. In 2008, a . athletics facility – the PAC Center – was added to the Brighton Campus. Unlike most U.S. community colleges, MCC provides residence halls for on-campus living. In 2003, the Alice Holloway Young Residence Halls opened on the Brighton Campus. Today, four more buildings have been added: Alexander Hall, Canal Hall, Pioneer Hall, and Tribune Hall. Athletics The college athletic teams are nicknamed the Tribunes. Title IX On April 27th 2016 the department of Education opened a federal Investigation to investigate if MCC had violated Title IX. The investigation is currently still underway. Notable people Alumni Kelly Brannigan, model (Deal or No Deal) Robert Duffy (1988), Mayor of the City of Rochester, Lieutenant Governor of New York Chris Economides, founding partner, Rochester Rhinos; currently managing partner of the Carolina Railhawks Lou Gramm (1971), former lead singer of Foreigner Travis McCoy, lead singer of Gym Class Heroes Paul Overacker, Hollywood film and television director Tim Redding, former Major League Baseball pitcher Dave Sarachan, assistant coach, LA Galaxy; former head coach, Chicago Fire, and U.S. soccer player Jeff Sluman (1976), professional golfer Cathy Turner (1984), Olympic gold medalist Faculty Otis Young, actor; former assistant professor of Communications and head of the Drama Department at MCC. References External links Official website Category:Education in Rochester, New York Category:Educational institutions established in 1964 Category:SUNY community colleges Category:Two-year colleges in the United States Category:Universities and colleges in Monroe County, New York Category:1964 establishments in New York (state) Category:NJCAA athletics

Saltillo, Nebraska Saltillo ( ) was an unincorporated community in Lancaster County, Nebraska, in the United States. History The settlement of Saltillo was formerly located along the Salt Creek where the corners of Grant, Centerville, Yankee Hill, and Saltillo townships meet. Originally a community was planned at the site to be named Olathe. In 1862, John Cadman built a road ranch called Saltillo Station in the area to provide lodgings for travelers along the Oregon Trail between Nebraska City and Fort Kearny. A post office was established at Saltillo in 1862, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1906. The community was likely named after the city of Saltillo, Mexico. The name is derived from the Spanish word salto, meaning leap, the diminutive suffix renders the meaning of the name "little leap." Saltillo remained a small community for its entire existence, never exceeding a population of 50 people. The village economy relied heavily on wagon train traffic from the Oregon Trail, which became obsolete in 1865 with the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad. Two railroads passed through Saltillo, the Atchison and Nebraska Railroad in 1872 and the a branch line of the Union Pacific called the Omaha and Republican Valley Railroad in 1883. The Atchison and Nebraska Railroad was later sold to Chicago, Burlington & Quincy in 1908. Plat maps produced in 1903 show the village with three streets and the path of Salt Creek flowing through roughly half of the lots. Frequent flooding, a lack of travelers and thus income, as well as the continuous growth of nearby Lincoln all sent the population of Saltillo into decline. By the 1950s, the last visible remnant of Saltillo was the grain elevator which was torn down in 1953. References Category:Unincorporated communities in Lancaster County, Nebraska Category:Unincorporated communities in Nebraska

Powership A powership (or power ship) is a special purpose ship, on which a power plant is installed to serve as a power generation resource. A powership is an existing ship that has been modified for power generation, a marine vessel, on which a power plant is installed to serve as a power generation resource. Converted from existing ships, powerships are self-propelled, ready to go infrastructure for developing countries that plug into national grids where required. Unmotorised powerships, known as power barges, are power plants installed on a deck barge. These are sometimes called "floating power plants" or "barge mounted power plants". They were initially developed during World War II by General Electric for the War Production Board as a transportable large-scale power generation resource. Powerships or power barges can be equipped with single or multiple gas turbines, reciprocating diesel and gas engines, boilers or nuclear reactors for electricity generation. Bureau Veritas, an international certification agency with experience in overseeing both shipbuilding and power plant development, classifies such floating power plants as "special service power plants". History One of the earliest powerships was the SS Jacona, built in 1931 by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company of Virginia for the New England Public Service Company of Augusta, Maine. The idea came to the president of the Augusta firm, when one winter a severe winter storm took out a lot of the New England major power transmission lines. The role of the Jacona would be to dock as near as possible to the affected area and hook into the local power grid, restoring power. During the summer months the Jacona would hook into vacation area power grids where power needs are extremely low during off season and extremely high during the summer vacation season. The Jacona was fitted with steam boilers which drove two generators which could produce 10 MW each. At one time the US Navy used its submarines when disaster hit a local community that brought down the commercial power grid, which led to the idea of powerships for the US Navy, and an early US Navy powership was the , a former US Navy naval ship. Saranac was a 1942 built fleet oiler before her conversion into a powership following the Second World War to serve in the US Navy and Army. In 1957, she was sold to Hugo Neu Corporation of New York City and was used then as a power facility abroad by the International Steel and Metal Corporation. In 1959, she was renamed Somerset. The first floating nuclear reactor ship was the MH-1A, used in the Panama canal zone from 1968 to 1975. This ship (named Sturgis) was decommissioned and scrapped over the period of 2015 to 2019 . Power barges and power ships offer a number of advantages over other forms of power plants; due to their mobility, powerships can be connected to local power grids to temporarily cover demands whenever on site power plants are insufficient or the building of new power plants will take time, while dual-fuel engines on board can be powered by either liquid fuels or gas. The power barge and power ship are able to use any infrastructure available at the site on which she is required. Current usage Some recently built power ships are existing large bulk carriers, which are fitted with used reciprocating engines and new state-of-the-art, large-bore dual-fuel diesel engines that run on heavy fuel or natural gas to generate electricity, relevant transformers and electric switchboards. The only other power ships were based on US Naval vessels. Power ships utilizing new purpose built ships would not be competitive to a purpose built power barge due to the higher cost of construction. The crew quarters and propulsion systems are under utilized during the power plant operational period which can be up to the life of the power plant. It is expected that a power barge or power ship could moor at one place for an average duration of three to five years on a lease, or up to 20 years under a PPA. For this reason, power ships if constructed already, are a solution to bridge the gap for a certain time until a local power plant is built or the high demand in electricity supply is over. Karadeniz Powership Co. Ltd., a subsidiary of Karadeniz Energy Group based in Turkey, developed and carries out a project named "Power of Friendship" that aims to provide a total of 2,010 MW of electricity to more than ten shortage-stricken countries in the Middle East, northern Africa and southern Asia with ten different ships by the end of 2010. The first powership of the project, which can supply 144 MW power, went into service at the beginning of 2010 off the shore near Basra in south-eastern Iraq, and the second powership is on its way to the same place. The company also signed a contract with Pakistan, but the Pakistani government terminated this project. This case in now being heard in the World Bank Tribunal. All other builders of power ships have gone out of business as power barges have proved to be more cost effective. From Bangladesh to USA During the 1990s, power barges became a popular way of providing energy to developing nations, with companies including equipment suppliers like General Electric, Westinghouse, Wärtsilä, and MAN; by developers such as Smith Cogeneration, AES, GMR Vasavi, which operate floating power plants for customers located in New York City (United States), Khulna (Bangladesh), the Dominican Republic, Brazil, Ecuador, Angola, Nigeria, Thailand, Effassu (Ghana), as well as in the Philippines, Jamaica, Kenya and Malaysia. Engineering, procurement and construction companies such Power Barge Corporation, Waller Marine Inc, Hyundai, IHI Corporation and Mitsui offer gas turbine power barge construction programs, and Karadeniz Energy, MAN and Wärtsilä offer medium speed engine power barges. Today there are over 75 power barges deployed and operating around the world. The utilization rate of power barges is around 95% with only one or two power barges available in the global market at any one time. In April 2011, Waller Marine finalized installation in Venezuela of two large floating power generation barges into a prepared basin at Tacoa. The two 171 MW barges, each supporting a GE 7FA dual fuel industrial gas turbine, are connected to the grid and soon supply much needed power to Caracas. Power Barge Corporation recently delivered a 96 MW gas turbine power barge to Angola, a 72 MW Wartsila power barge to Panama and a 105 MW gas turbine power barge to Venezuela. In 2018 two Chinese companies announced that they would build a fleet of nuclear power barges for the South China Sea islands. Powerships built Year of conversion given in parenthesis. Defunct USS Saranac (1957) In use (IMO 9214551), 108 MW, 2017, serving in Ambon, Indonesia. (IMO 8117031), 126 MW, 2010, serving in Basra, Iraq. (IMO 7925522), 180 MW, 2010, serving in Basra, Iraq. (IMO 7925546), 216 MW, 2011, served in Pakistan, now serving in Basra, Iraq. (IMO ?), 104 MW, 2011, served in Pakistan. (IMO 8222252), 111 MW, 2012, served in Basra, Iraq, now serving in Nacala, Mozambique. (IMO ?), 203 MW, 2013, serving in Beirut, Lebanon. (IMO ? ), 203 MW, 2013, serving in Beirut, Lebanon. (IMO ? ), 235 MW, 2015, serving in Tema Harbour, Ghana. (IMO 8116051), 125 MW, 2015, serving in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Notable power barges that Power Barge Corporation has worked on (20 MW) Osagyefo Barge (125 MW), located at Effasu, Ghana Iuka 101/102 (30 MW) Frame 6B power barges (part of a fleet of 9 power barges in Lagos) Nigeria Dymani III (48 MW) W251B11 Kenya Gantisan One (50 MW) LM2500 Malaysia Dynami I (105 MW) W501D5 Venezuela Dynami II (96 MW) W251B11 Angola Dynami iV (116 MW) W501D5A Ecuador Victoria 8 (144 MW) W251B11 CCGT Bangladesh Rio da Luz (100 MW) P&W FT4C-3F (decommissioned) Power Barge II (50 MW) MAN 51/52 Panama TBGMR (250 MW) LM6000PC CCGT Mangalore SmithEnron (185 MW) Frame 7 CCGT Dominican Republic Estrella Del Norte (40MW) Dominican Republic Estrella del Mar (72 MW) Dominican Republic Estrella del Mar II (108 MW) Dominican Republic Santa Ines (55 MW) Guatemala Santa Elena (55 MW) Guatemala See also MH-1A, a floating power station constructed as part of the Army Nuclear Power Program Russian floating nuclear power station Floating wind turbine References External links Fuel systems for powership (fuel saving, waste sludge, reduce the cost of operation) *

Netherlands Film Fund The Netherlands Film Fund () is a subsidy fund for Dutch film productions and was founded in 1993. The Netherlands Film Fund is itself mainly subsidized by the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. In 2007, the total budget of the fund was €33,000,000. The fund gave €651,174 subsidy to the film Character (1997) and €578,570 to the film Black Book (2006). Since 2001, the Netherlands Film Fund and the Netherlands Film Festival recognize box office results of Dutch films with awards. Currently, there are four different box office awards: the Crystal Film (10,000 visitors for documentary films), the Golden Film (100,000 visitors), the Platinum Film (400,000 visitors), and the Diamond Film (1,000,000 visitors). References External links Official website Category:1993 establishments in the Netherlands Category:Cinema of the Netherlands Category:Government agencies of the Netherlands

Born–Oppenheimer approximation In quantum chemistry and molecular physics, the Born–Oppenheimer (BO) approximation is the assumption that the motion of atomic nuclei and electrons in a molecule can be treated separately. The approach is named after Max Born and J. Robert Oppenheimer who proposed it in 1927, in the early period of quantum mechanics. The approximation is widely used in quantum chemistry to speed up the computation of molecular wavefunctions and other properties for large molecules. There are cases where the assumption of separable motion no longer holds, which make the approximation lose validity (it is said to "break down"), but is then often used as a starting point for more refined methods. In molecular spectroscopy, using the BO approximation means considering molecular energy as a sum of independent terms, e.g.: . These terms are of different order of magnitude and the nuclear spin energy is so small that it is often omitted. The electronic energies consist of kinetic energies, interelectronic repulsions, internuclear repulsions, and electron–nuclear attractions, which are the terms typically included when computing the electronic structure of molecules. Example The benzene molecule consists of 12 nuclei and 42 electrons. The Schrödinger equation, which must be solved to obtain the energy levels and wavefunction of this molecule, is a partial differential eigenvalue equation in the three-dimensional coordinates of the nuclei and electrons, giving 3×12 + 3×42 = 36 nuclear + 126 electronic = 162 variables for the wave function. The computational complexity, i.e. the computational power required to solve an eigenvalue equation, increases faster than the square of the number of coordinates. When applying the BO approximation, two smaller, consecutive steps can be used: For a given position of the nuclei, the electronic Schrödinger equation is solved, while treating the nuclei as stationary (not "coupled" with the dynamics of the electrons). This corresponding eigenvalue problem then consists only of the 126 electronic coordinates. This electronic computation is then repeated for other possible positions of the nuclei, i.e. deformations of the molecule. For benzene, this could be done using a grid of 36 possible nuclear position coordinates. The electronic energies on this grid are then connected to give a potential energy surface for the nuclei. This potential is then used for a second Schrödinger equation containing only the 36 coordinates of the nuclei. So, taking the most optimistic estimate for the complexity, instead of a large equation requiring at least hypothetical calculation steps, a series of smaller calculations requiring (with N being the amount of grid points for the potential) and a very small calculation requiring steps can be performed. In practice, the scaling of the problem is larger than and more approximations are applied in computational chemistry to further reduce the number of variables and dimensions. The slope of the potential energy surface can be used to simulate Molecular dynamics, using it to express the mean force on the nuclei caused by the electrons and thereby skipping the calculation of the nuclear Schrödinger equation. Detailed Description The BO approximation recognizes the large difference between the electron mass and the masses of atomic nuclei, and correspondingly the time scales of their motion. Given the same amount of kinetic energy, the nuclei move much more slowly than the electrons. In mathematical terms, the BO approximation consists of expressing the wavefunction () of a molecule as the product of an electronic wavefunction and a nuclear (vibrational, rotational) wavefunction. . This enables a separation of the Hamiltonian operator into electronic and nuclear terms, where cross-terms between electrons and nuclei are neglected, so that the two smaller and decoupled systems can be solved more efficiently. In the first step the nuclear kinetic energy is neglected, that is, the corresponding operator Tn is subtracted from the total molecular Hamiltonian. In the remaining electronic Hamiltonian He the nuclear positions are no longer variable, but are constant parameters (they enter the equation "parametrically"). The electron–nucleus interactions are not removed, i.e., the electrons still "feel" the Coulomb potential of the nuclei clamped at certain positions in space. (This first step of the BO approximation is therefore often referred to as the clamped-nuclei approximation.) The electronic Schrödinger equation is solved approximately The quantity r stands for all electronic coordinates and R for all nuclear coordinates. The electronic energy eigenvalue Ee depends on the chosen positions R of the nuclei. Varying these positions R in small steps and repeatedly solving the electronic Schrödinger equation, one obtains Ee as a function of R. This is the potential energy surface (PES): Ee(R) . Because this procedure of recomputing the electronic wave functions as a function of an infinitesimally changing nuclear geometry is reminiscent of the conditions for the adiabatic theorem, this manner of obtaining a PES is often referred to as the adiabatic approximation and the PES itself is called an adiabatic surface. In the second step of the BO approximation the nuclear kinetic energy Tn (containing partial derivatives with respect to the components of R) is reintroduced, and the Schrödinger equation for the nuclear motion is solved. This second step of the BO approximation involves separation of vibrational, translational, and rotational motions. This can be achieved by application of the Eckart conditions. The eigenvalue E is the total energy of the molecule, including contributions from electrons, nuclear vibrations, and overall rotation and translation of the molecule. In accord with the Hellmann-Feynman theorem, the nuclear potential is taken to be an average over electron configurations of the sum of the electron–nuclear and internuclear electric potentials. Derivation It will be discussed how the BO approximation may be derived and under which conditions it is applicable. At the same time we will show how the BO approximation may be improved by including vibronic coupling. To that end the second step of the BO approximation is generalized to a set of coupled eigenvalue equations depending on nuclear coordinates only. Off-diagonal elements in these equations are shown to be nuclear kinetic energy terms. It will be shown that the BO approximation can be trusted whenever the PESs, obtained from the solution of the electronic Schrödinger equation, are well separated: . We start from the exact non-relativistic, time-independent molecular Hamiltonian: with The position vectors of the electrons and the position vectors of the nuclei are with respect to a Cartesian inertial frame. Distances between particles are written as (distance between electron i and nucleus A) and similar definitions hold for and . We assume that the molecule is in a homogeneous (no external force) and isotropic (no external torque) space. The only interactions are the two-body Coulomb interactions among the electrons and nuclei. The Hamiltonian is expressed in atomic units, so that we do not see Planck's constant, the dielectric constant of the vacuum, electronic charge, or electronic mass in this formula. The only constants explicitly entering the formula are ZA and MA – the atomic number and mass of nucleus A. It is useful to introduce the total nuclear momentum and to rewrite the nuclear kinetic energy operator as follows: Suppose we have K electronic eigenfunctions of , that is, we have solved The electronic wave functions will be taken to be real, which is possible when there are no magnetic or spin interactions. The parametric dependence of the functions on the nuclear coordinates is indicated by the symbol after the semicolon. This indicates that, although is a real-valued function of , its functional form depends on . For example, in the molecular-orbital-linear-combination-of-atomic-orbitals (LCAO-MO) approximation, is a molecular orbital (MO) given as a linear expansion of atomic orbitals (AOs). An AO depends visibly on the coordinates of an electron, but the nuclear coordinates are not explicit in the MO. However, upon change of geometry, i.e., change of , the LCAO coefficients obtain different values and we see corresponding changes in the functional form of the MO . We will assume that the parametric dependence is continuous and differentiable, so that it is meaningful to consider which in general will not be zero. The total wave function is expanded in terms of : with and where the subscript indicates that the integration, implied by the bra–ket notation, is over electronic coordinates only. By definition, the matrix with general element is diagonal. After multiplication by the real function from the left and integration over the electronic coordinates the total Schrödinger equation is turned into a set of K coupled eigenvalue equations depending on nuclear coordinates only The column vector has elements . The matrix is diagonal, and the nuclear Hamilton matrix is non-diagonal; its off-diagonal (vibronic coupling) terms are further discussed below. The vibronic coupling in this approach is through nuclear kinetic energy terms. Solution of these coupled equations gives an approximation for energy and wavefunction that goes beyond the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Unfortunately, the off-diagonal kinetic energy terms are usually difficult to handle. This is why often a diabatic transformation is applied, which retains part of the nuclear kinetic energy terms on the diagonal, removes the kinetic energy terms from the off-diagonal and creates coupling terms between the adiabatic PESs on the off-diagonal. If we can neglect the off-diagonal elements the equations will uncouple and simplify drastically. In order to show when this neglect is justified, we suppress the coordinates in the notation and write, by applying the Leibniz rule for differentiation, the matrix elements of as The diagonal () matrix elements of the operator vanish, because we assume time-reversal invariant, so can be chosen to be always real. The off-diagonal matrix elements satisfy The matrix element in the numerator is The matrix element of the one-electron operator appearing on the right side is finite. When the two surfaces come close, , the nuclear momentum coupling term becomes large and is no longer negligible. This is the case where the BO approximation breaks down, and a coupled set of nuclear motion equations must be considered instead of the one equation appearing in the second step of the BO approximation. Conversely, if all surfaces are well separated, all off-diagonal terms can be neglected, and hence the whole matrix of is effectively zero. The third term on the right side of the expression for the matrix element of Tn (the Born–Oppenheimer diagonal correction) can approximately be written as the matrix of frid and, accordingly, is then negligible also. Only the first (diagonal) kinetic energy term in this equation survives in the case of well separated surfaces, and a diagonal, uncoupled, set of nuclear motion equations results: which are the normal second step of the BO equations discussed above. We reiterate that when two or more potential energy surfaces approach each other, or even cross, the Born–Oppenheimer approximation breaks down, and one must fall back on the coupled equations. Usually one invokes then the diabatic approximation. The Born–Oppenheimer approximation with the correct symmetry To include the correct symmetry within the Born–Oppenheimer (BO) approximation, a molecular system presented in terms of (mass-dependent) nuclear coordinates and formed by the two lowest BO adiabatic potential energy surfaces (PES) and is considered. To ensure the validity of the BO approximation, the energy E of the system is assumed to be low enough so that becomes a closed PES in the region of interest, with the exception of sporadic infinitesimal sites surrounding degeneracy points formed by and (designated as (1, 2) degeneracy points). The starting point is the nuclear adiabatic BO (matrix) equation written in the form where is a column vector containing the unknown nuclear wave functions , is a diagonal matrix containing the corresponding adiabatic potential energy surfaces , m is the reduced mass of the nuclei, E is the total energy of the system, is the gradient operator with respect to the nuclear coordinates , and is a matrix containing the vectorial non-adiabatic coupling terms (NACT): Here are eigenfunctions of the electronic Hamiltonian assumed to form a complete Hilbert space in the given region in configuration space. To study the scattering process taking place on the two lowest surfaces, one extracts from the above BO equation the two corresponding equations: where (k = 1, 2), and is the (vectorial) NACT responsible for the coupling between and . Next a new function is introduced: and the corresponding rearrangements are made: 1. Multiplying the second equation by i and combining it with the first equation yields the (complex) equation 2. The last term in this equation can be deleted for the following reasons: At those points where is classically closed, by definition, and at those points where becomes classically allowed (which happens at the vicinity of the (1, 2) degeneracy points) this implies that: , or . Consequently, the last term is, indeed, negligibly small at every point in the region of interest, and the equation simplifies to become In order for this equation to yield a solution with the correct symmetry, it is suggested to apply a perturbation approach based on an elastic potential , which coincides with at the asymptotic region. The equation with an elastic potential can be solved, in a straightforward manner, by substitution. Thus, if is the solution of this equation, it is presented as where is an arbitrary contour, and the exponential function contains the relevant symmetry as created while moving along . The function can be shown to be a solution of the (unperturbed/elastic) equation Having , the full solution of the above decoupled equation takes the form where satisfies the resulting inhomogeneous equation: In this equation the inhomogeneity ensures the symmetry for the perturbed part of the solution along any contour and therefore for the solution in the required region in configuration space. The relevance of the present approach was demonstrated while studying a two-arrangement-channel model (containing one inelastic channel and one reactive channel) for which the two adiabatic states were coupled by a Jahn–Teller conical intersection. A nice fit between the symmetry-preserved single-state treatment and the corresponding two-state treatment was obtained. This applies in particular to the reactive state-to-state probabilities (see Table III in Ref. 5a and Table III in Ref. 5b), for which the ordinary BO approximation led to erroneous results, whereas the symmetry-preserving BO approximation produced the accurate results, as they followed from solving the two coupled equations. See also Adiabatic ionization Adiabatic process (quantum mechanics) Avoided crossing Born–Huang approximation Franck–Condon principle Kohn anomaly Notes References External links Resources related to the Born–Oppenheimer approximation: The original article (in German) Translation by S. M. Blinder The Born–Oppenheimer approximation, a section from Peter Haynes' doctoral thesis Category:Quantum chemistry Category:Approximations

Effingham, Illinois Effingham is a city in and the county seat of Effingham County, Illinois, United States. Effingham is in Southern Illinois. Its population was 12,627 at the 2018 census estimate. The city is part of the Effingham, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. Effingham is home to a 198 foot tall cross, The Cross at the Crossroads. The cross is the tallest cross in the United States. The city bills itself as "The Crossroads of Opportunity" because of its location at the intersection of two major Interstate highways: I-57 running from Chicago to Sikeston, Missouri, and I-70 running from Utah to Maryland. It is also served by U.S. Route 45, which runs from Ontonagon, Michigan to Mobile, Alabama, U.S. Route 40, the historic National Road, which stretches from Atlantic City, New Jersey to Summit, Utah, and Illinois routes 32 and 33 also run through the city. It is also a major railroad junction, the crossing of the Illinois Central main line from Chicago to Memphis with the Pennsylvania Railroad line from Indianapolis to St. Louis. Thus, Effingham has a broad range of restaurants, and lodging facilities. Effingham is the home of the Effingham Flaming Hearts and the St. Anthony Bulldogs. Geography Effingham is located at (39.120903, −88.545909). According to the 2010 census, Effingham has a total area of , of which (or 99.39%) is land and (or 0.61%) is water. Demographics As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 12,384 people, 5,330 households, and 3,187 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,428.9 people per square mile (551.5/km²). There were 5,660 housing units at an average density of 653.0 per square mile (252.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 93.31% White, 3.8% African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.59% Asian, 0.38% from other races, and 0.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.04% of the population. There were 5,330 households out of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.0% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.2% were non-families. 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.96. In the city, the population was spread out with 24.9% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.2 males. The median income for a household in the city was $34,761, and the median income for a family was $45,902. Males had a median income of $31,442 versus $21,543 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,132. About 6.5% of families and 9.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.9% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over. History Effingham was first settled in 1814, and was known from then until 1859 as Broughton. That year, 1859, it became the county seat with buildings relocated from nearby (now deserted) Ewington. The community was named after General E. Effingham, a local surveyor. In the late 1880s, local citizens founded Austin College, which lasted for several decades, and ultimately was purchased to become the Illinois College of Photography, also known as Bissel College. That school closed due to the Great Depression in the 1930s. On April 4, 1949, St. Anthony's hospital caught fire and burned to the ground, killing 74 people. As a result, fire codes nationwide were improved. Due to extensive media coverage, including a "Life Magazine" cover story, donations for rebuilding the hospital came from all 48 states and several foreign countries. Effingham was a sundown town; daytime segregation was enforced until at least the mid-1960s. Rail transportation Effingham is also historically important as a rail junction. The old Pennsylvania Railroad and the former Illinois Central Railroad crossed in downtown Effingham. Even today, Amtrak's City of New Orleans passes through daily. Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Effingham under the daily City of New Orleans route to New Orleans and Chicago, Saluki, and Illini routes to Chicago and Carbondale. Until October 1, 1979, the station also served Amtrak's former National Limited line between Kansas City and New York City. Education Effingham has several schools, both public and private. The private schools are both religiously affiliated and include Saint Anthony and Sacred Heart. Saint Anthony Grade School (SAGS) serves grades preschool (age 3+) to eighth grade. SAGS has the Bullpups as its mascot. Sacred Heart Grade School (SHS) serves preschool (age 3+) to eighth grade. SHS's mascot is the Shamrocks. The public schools include the Early Learning Center, South Side Elementary, Central Grade School, Effingham Junior High School (EJHS), and Effingham High School. The Early Learning Center serves preschool and kindergarten age children. South Side Elementary serves first and second graders. Aspire, which is a school for students who are likely to drop out or those who get expelled. Central Grade School serves third through fifth grade students. Central Grade school's mascot is the mustangs. EJHS serves junior high students in grades six to eight. EJHS's mascot is the Mustangs. Effingham High School (EHS) is the public high school. The new EHS opened in the fall of 1998, and has a current enrollment of 849. The former EHS building, built in 1939 as a WPA project (film made as of the construction) and expanded in 1965, is currently the junior high, serving grades 6–8. The old junior high, Central School, is now a grade school serving grades 3–5. EHS athletics were originally known as the "Warriors" but the name was changed after Ada Kepley, a city resident, referred to Effingham as the "Heart of America" in a campaign to attract visitors to the city. The name stuck, with references in the city government and the downtown movie theater named "The Heart Theater." EHS athletics are now known as the "Flaming Hearts". Effingham is also home to St. Anthony High School, a private Roman Catholic High School. SAHS athletics are known as the "Bulldogs". SHS athletics and extra-curricular activities currently consist of boys' baseball, girls' softball, girls' basketball (grades 4-8), boys' basketball (grades 4-8), girls' track (grades 5-8), boys' track (grades 5-8), girls' cross country (grade 5-8), boys' cross country (grades 5-8), volleyball, cheerleading, band (grades 5-8), chorus (grades 5-8), musicals, plays, student council, and scholar bowl. SAGS athletics and extra-curricular activities currently consist of boys' baseball, girls' softball, girls' track, boys' track, girls' cross country, boys' cross country, volleyball (grades 7-8), girls' basketball (grades 6-8), boys' basketball (grades 6-8), cheerleading, student council, scholastic bowl, spring musical, art club, eco-meet, and bridge club. SAHS athletics and extra-curricular activities currently consist of soccer, boys' golf, girls' golf, girls' volleyball, girls' tennis, girls' and boys' cross country, boys' fall baseball, boys' basketball, girls' basketball, cheerleading, wrestling, bellettes (dance), swimming, boys' tennis, spring baseball, girls' track, boys' track, softball, bass fishing, National Honor Society, WYSE (world youth in science and engineering), Society for Academic Achievement (SAA), scholar bowl, Spanish club, band, chorus, fall musical, spring play, drama club, book club, chemistry club, Spanish scholar bowl, and pep club. EJHS athletics and extra-curricular activities currently consist of baseball, soccer, cross country, tennis, golf, cheerleading, football, volleyball, basketball, swimming, chorus, band, theatre, and scholar bowl. EHS athletics and extra-curricular activities currently consist of boys' baseball, coed soccer, cross country, girls' and boys' tennis, boys' and girls' golf, coed wrestling, basketball cheerleading, girls' track, boys' track, football cheerleading, competition cheerleading, football, girls' softball, volleyball, girls' and boys' basketball, girls' and boys' swimming, chorus, band, marching band, theatre, student council, dance, WYSE, National Honor Society, Society for Academic Achievement (SAA), color guard, FACS club, math club, Young Heart Riding club, chemistry club, Spanish club, French club, book club, pep club, and scholar bowl. Monument A steel cross erected by The Cross Foundation is located in Effingham. The Cross is made out of over 180 tons of steel and cost over $1 million. The Cross Foundation claims that the cross is the "largest" in the United States standing at with a span of . While the Great Cross in St. Augustine, Florida is believed to be the tallest freestanding cross in the western hemisphere, it is thinner than the cross in Effingham and has a narrow span. One resident complained that using a Christian symbol to attract tourism "reeks of avarice and hypocrisy." Another pointed out that the money that built the cross, which was collected through private donations, could have fed the poor and done other good for the community that wasn't simply "over-the-top symbolism." Philip Coats of the Cross Foundation said there was barely a ripple of criticism in the town. John Schultz, the donor who put up most of the money for the project, said, "I guess you can't satisfy everybody." Notable people George J. Bauer, Illinois state representative Jack Berch, singer and radio personality; raised in Effingham Uwe Blab, center for the Dallas Mavericks, Golden State Warriors, and San Antonio Spurs; attended high school in Effingham Charles H. Constable, judge and Illinois state senator; died in Effingham Nick Gardewine, pitcher for the Texas Rangers, graduate of Effingham High School Chad Green (pitcher), pitcher for the New York Yankees, graduate of Effingham High School Ada Kepley, first American woman to graduate from law school Jimmy Kite, driver with IndyCar and NASCAR Miles E. Mills, Illinois politician Brian Shouse, left-handed pitcher for the Tampa Bay Rays and Milwaukee Brewers in Major League Baseball Daniel Winkler (baseball), pitcher for the Chicago Cubs, born and raised in Effingham, attended St. Anthony High School Benson Wood, U.S. Congressman, 1895–1897 In popular culture Comedians and authors have poked fun at the "Effing" portion of the name Effingham and its use in American and UK slang as a minced oath for the "F" word. For example, radio comedians Bob and Tom produced a segment on their national radio show. Ben Folds's album Way to Normal uses a similar play on words in a track that was inspired while driving by Effingham, although the song refers to the city as "Effington." References External links Effingham convention and visitor's bureau Visit Effingham Effingham High School Band Website Genealogy Trails – Effingham, IL Effingham's Online Community 360 Degree Panorama of The Cross At The Crossroads Effingham City County Ambulance Effingham, IL St. Anthony's Hospital Fire, Apr 1949 article at GenDisasters.com Category:Populated places established in 1814 Category:Cities in Illinois Category:Cities in Effingham County, Illinois Category:Micropolitan areas of Illinois Category:National Road Category:County seats in Illinois Category:Monumental crosses in the United States Category:Sundown towns in Illinois

Breaking Point (2009 film) Breaking Point is a 2009 action-thriller film starring Tom Berenger, Busta Rhymes, Musetta Vander and Sticky Fingaz. It is directed by Jeff Celentano with a screenplay written by Vincent Campanella. The film was showcased in Cannes and was released theatrically on December 4, 2009. Cast Tom Berenger as Steven Luisi Busta Rhymes as Al Bowen Armand Assante as Marty Berlin Musetta Vander as Celia Hernandez Frankie Faison as Judge Green Sticky Fingaz as Richard Allen (as Kirk 'Sticky Fingaz' Jones) Curtiss Cook as Byron Young References External links Category:2009 films Category:American films Category:English-language films Category:2000s action thriller films Category:American action thriller films

Fire-Brigade: The Battle for Kiev - 1943 Fire-Brigade: The Battle for Kiev - 1943 (commonly abbreviated Fire-Brigade) is a Computer Wargame developed and published by Panther Games in Australia in 1988. The game is set around the historical WWII Eastern Front battle for Kiev in 1943. Fire-Brigade was a pioneering computer wargame as it was one of the first wargames to take advantage of the new graphical mouse driven interfaces that 16bit computers were making available on both MAC II & IBM PC. It was also one of the first wargames to enable network game-play for head to head multiplayer battles. Fire-Brigade required a huge amount of hard drive space and RAM for the time of its release to take full advantage of the development of 256 colours. For colour Fire-Brigade required 2MB of RAM and 640KB of hard drive space, while for mono the game only required 1MB of RAM. Historical Synopsis Early November, 1943 and the war in Russia is at its height. With the capture of the strategic city of Kiev imminent, Soviet General Vatutin unleashes Rybalko's elite 3rd Guards Tank Army. "Drive like hell" his orders read, "and we'll split the entire German Front!" With the fate of the Army Group South in the balance, Marshall von Manstein must commit Balck's 48th Panzer Korps, the fire-brigade, to save the German Army. Receiving the Soviet attack will be fierce, delivering the counter-attack could be decisive... for one side or the other! Gameplay Fire-Brigade is a turn-based strategic & tactical computer wargame that allows players flexibility and advanced functions. You can play either by yourself against the AI or against another person in any of four scenarios networked via modem or cable. You can play either as the Germans or the Soviet Union in any of the scenarios and you have at your command a comprehensive reporting system and realistic staff support. Players can set combat, logistics and air commitment support values to direct the allocation of supplies; reinforcements and combat support assets. Gather intelligence on enemy forces and assess information on friendly forces before issuing movement and attack orders to units in either a micro (individual units) or macro level (subordinate headquarters). You can then set the frontage of your unit's formation to either narrow, medium or broad, all while you 'confer' with the games' AI which will use artificial intelligence routines to execute the orders within set variable parameters such as morale, troop quality, fatigue etc. Players are given a 15 step recommended sequence of play list in the game manual for Fire-Brigade. Reception Computer Gaming World called the game "a milestone for computing wargames in terms of sophistication" and "Fire-Brigade is meant for the thinking man, the sophisticated player who wants to learn and make the absolute most out of his computer playing time". A 1991 survey by the magazine of strategy and war games gave it three and a half stars out of five, and a 1993 survey of wargames gave the game two-plus stars. The magazine gave Fire-Brigade a score of 70 out of 100 and ranked the game the 4th Top Sleeper of All Time in its November 1996 15th anniversary issue. Fire-Brigade currently forms part of the historical collection of software; hardwere; trade and promotional materials that document the history of Apple Inc. and its contributions to the computer industry and society. This collection is currently housed at Museum Victoria, Melbourne. Awards Fire-Brigade won the 1988 Charles S. Roberts Award for Best 20th Century Computer Game Fire-Brigade won the 1989 Apple Developers Award for Best Entertainment Package References External links Category:1988 video games Category:1989 video games Category:Video games developed in Australia Category:Computer wargames Category:World War II video games Category:Turn-based strategy video games Category:Strategic Simulations games Category:Top-down video games Category:Mac OS games Category:DOS games Category:Atari ST games Category:Amiga games

Charles Fletcher Lummis Charles Fletcher Lummis (March 1, 1859, in Lynn, Massachusetts – November 25, 1928, in Los Angeles, California) was a United States journalist, and an activist for Indian rights and historic preservation. A traveler in the American Southwest, he settled in Los Angeles, California, where he also became known as an historian, photographer, ethnographer, archaeologist, poet, and librarian. Early life and career Charles Fletcher Lummis was born in 1859, in Lynn, Massachusetts. He lost his mother at age 2 and was homeschooled by his father, who was a schoolmaster. Lummis enrolled in Harvard for college and was a classmate of Theodore Roosevelt's, but dropped out during his senior year. While at Harvard he worked during the summer as a printer and published his first work, Birch Bark Poems. This small volume was printed on paper-thin sheets of birch bark; he won acclaim from Life magazine and recognition from some of the day's leading poets. He sold the books by subscription and used the money to pay for college. A poem from this work, "My Cigarette", highlighted tobacco as one of his life's obsessions. In 1880, at the age of 21, Lummis married Dorothea Rhodes of Cincinnati, Ohio. Transcontinental walk In 1884, Lummis was working for a newspaper in Cincinnati and was offered a job with the Los Angeles Times. At that time, Los Angeles had a population of only 12,000. Lummis decided to make the 3,507-mile journey from Cincinnati to Los Angeles on foot, taking 143 days, all the while sending weekly dispatches to the paper chronicling his trip. One of his dispatches chronicled his meeting and interview with famed outlaw Frank James. The trip began in September and lasted through the winter. Lummis suffered a broken arm and struggled in the heavy winter snows of New Mexico. He became enamored with the American Southwest, and its Spanish and Native American inhabitants. Several years later, he published his account of this journey in A Tramp Across the Continent (1892). Editor at the Los Angeles Times Upon his arrival, Lummis was offered the job of the first City Editor of the Los Angeles Times. He covered a multitude of interesting stories from the new and growing community. Work was hard and demanding under the pace set by publisher Harrison Gray Otis. Lummis was happy until he suffered from a mild stroke that left his left side paralyzed. New Mexico In 1888, Lummis moved to San Mateo, New Mexico to recuperate from his paralysis. He rode on the Plains while holding a rifle in one good hand and shooting jack rabbits. Here, he began a new career as a prolific freelance writer, writing on everything that was particularly special about the Southwest and Indian cultures. His articles about corrupt bosses committing murders in San Mateo drew threats on his life, so he moved to a new location in the Pueblo Indian village of Isleta, New Mexico, on the Rio Grande. Indians of Isleta Somewhat recovered from his paralysis, Lummis was able to win over the confidence of the Pueblo Indians, a Tiwa people, by his outgoing and generous nature. But a hit man from San Mateo was sent up to Isleta, where he shot Lummis but failed to kill him. In Isleta, Lummis divorced his first wife and married Eva Douglas, who lived in the village and was the sister-in-law of an English trader. Somehow he convinced Eva to stay with Dorothea in Los Angeles until the divorce went through. In the meantime, Lummis became entangled in fights with the U.S. government agents over Indian education. In this period, the government was pushing assimilation and had established Indian boarding schools. It charged its agents with recruiting Native American children for the schools, where they were usually forced to give up traditional clothing and hair styles, and prevented from speaking their own languages or using their own customs. They were often prohibited from returning home during holidays or vacation periods, or their families were too poor to afford such travel. Lummis persuaded the government to allow 36 children from the Albuquerque Indian School to return to their homes. While in Isleta, he made friends with Father Anton Docher from France; he was the missionary Padre of Isleta. They both also befriended Adolph Bandelier. While living in Isleta, Lummis boarded in the home of Pablo Abeita. In 1890, he traveled with Bandelier to study the indigenous people of the area. Preservationist As president of the Landmarks Club of Southern California (an all-volunteer, privately funded group dedicated to the preservation of California's Spanish missions), Lummis noted that the historic structures "...were falling to ruin with frightful rapidity, their roofs being breached or gone, the adobe walls melting under the winter rains."  Lummis wrote in 1895, "In ten years from now—unless our intelligence shall awaken at once—"there will remain of these noble piles nothing but a few indeterminable heaps of adobe. We shall deserve and shall have the contempt of all thoughtful people if we suffer our noble missions to fall." Magazine editor In 1892, Lummis published Some Strange Corners of Our Country, recounting some of the areas and sights he had discovered. Between 1893 and 1894, he spent 10 months traveling in Peru with Bandelier. After the men's return, Lummis and Eva returned to Los Angeles with their year-old daughter, Turbese. Unemployed, Lummis landed the position of editor of a regional magazine, Land of Sunshine. The magazine was renamed Out West in 1901. He published works by famous authors such as Jack London and John Muir. Over his 11 years as editor, Lummis also wrote more than 500 pieces for the magazine, as well as a popular monthly commentary called "In the Lion's Den". Indian rights activist Lummis also established a new Indian rights group called the " Sequoya League", after the noted early 19th-century Cherokee leader Sequoyah who developed a written alphabet for the language. Lummis fought against the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs and called on his classmate President Teddy Roosevelt to help change their manner of operating. He found a home for a small group of Indians who had been evicted from their property in the Palm Springs, California area. The Sequoya League began a battle against Indian Agent Charles Burton, accusing him of imposing a "reign of terror" on the Hopi pueblo in Oraibi by requiring Hopi men to cut their long hair. It was their custom to wear it long, a practice with spiritual meaning. Lummis was accused of overstating the case against Burton and lost his welcome at the White House. (However, subsequent social pressure on Burton led him to reverse the haircutting policy.) Later life In 1905, Lummis took the position as City Librarian of the Los Angeles Public Library. Lummis replaced Mary Jones as City Librarian even though he had no prior library training. He was criticized for the way he ran the library and insisted on doing most of the work at home. He resigned from that sole source of income in 1911, while he worked to start up the Southwest Museum while engaged in a bitter and public divorce with his wife Eva. In that year Lummis went blind, which he attributed to a "jungle fever" contracted while in Guatemala exploring the Mayan ruins of Quiriguá. After more than a year of blindness, during which he might appear in public with his eyes covered by a bandanna or wearing dark amber glasses, he regained his sight. Some privately doubted Lummis actually went blind; among them was John Muir, who said so in a letter to him and encouraged him to get more rest. In 1915, Lummis married his third wife, Gertrude, at El Alisal. By 1918, he was destitute. In 1923, the Southwest Museum Board named him founder emeritus and gave him a small stipend. In 1925, Lummis also decided to enlarge, revise, and republish Some Strange Corners of Our Country as Mesa, Canyon and Pueblo. He also engaged in a renewed civil rights crusade on behalf of the Pueblo Indians. Death Lummis died November 25, 1928. He was cremated, and his ashes were placed in a vault in a wall at El Alisal. Supporters bought his home El Alisal, which is now used as the headquarters of the Historical Society of Southern California. Legacy and honors Lummis' cultural influence remains today, including a lasting imprint on the Mount Washington neighborhood of Los Angeles. The home he built, The Lummis House, and the museum he founded, The Southwest Museum, are located within 0.7 miles of each other and remain open to the public for limited hours on weekends. El Alisal (Lummis House) Lummis purchased a 3 acre plot around 1895 and spent 13 years building what would become a 4,000-square-foot stone home with an exhibition hall, calling it El Alisal. He frequently entertained, with parties he called "noises" for various writers, artists, and other prominent figures. The parties usually included a lavish Spanish dinner with dancing and music performed by his own private troubadour. The extravaganzas wore out a number of female assistants or "secretaries" conscripted into working on them. The Lummis House was donated to the Southwest Museum in 1910 and then sold in 1943 to the state of California, which transferred it to the city in 1971. The Historical Society of Southern California took occupancy in 1965, using it as headquarters and helping manage the property, eventually leaving in 2014. Open to the public as a museum and park on Saturdays and Sundays, the site also serves as a focus for Lummis Day activities (see below). Southwest Museum By 1907, Lummis had founded the Southwest Museum of Los Angeles, California. He had led the fundraising campaign to build a new structure for it and saw the building open in August 1914.. The Southwest Museum operated independently until 2003, when it was merged into the Autry Museum of the American West. The Autry launched a multi-year conservation project to preserve the enormous collection amassed by Lummis and his successors. Much of the material was moved off-site, but The Southwest Museum has maintained an ongoing public exhibit on Pueblo pottery that is free of charge and open on Saturdays only. Lummis Day Festival Beginning in 2006, the annual Lummis Day Festival was established by the Lummis Day Community Foundation. It holds the festival in Lummis' honor on the first Sunday in June, drawing people to El Alisal and Heritage Square Museum for poetry readings, art exhibits, music, dance performances, and family activities. The foundation is a non-profit organization of community activists and arts organization leaders. Publications A New Mexico David and Other Stories & Sketches of The Southwest. Scribner's. 1891 Some strange corners of our country: the wonderland of the Southwest. 1892 A Tramp Across The Continent. 1892 My Friend Will. 1894 The Gold Fish of Gran Chimu: A Novel. Lamson, Wolffe. 1896 The Enchanted Burro: Stories of New Mexico & South America. 1897 The awakening of a nation: Mexico of to-day. 1898 The King Of The Broncos and Other Stories of New Mexico. Scribner's. 1915 The Spanish Pioneers And The California Missions (1936) Full book online at The Internet Archive. 1920 The Prose of It (poem on Geronimo). c. 1926 A Bronco Pegasus: Poems. Houghton Mifflin. 1928 Flowers Of Our Lost Romance (1909) Full book online at The Internet Archive Houghton Mifflin. 1929 New Mexican Folk Songs. UNM Press. 1952 General Crook and the Apache Wars. 1966 Bullying The Moqui. 1968 Dateline Fort Bowie: Charles Fletcher Lummis Reports on an Apache War. 1979 A Tramp Across the Continent. University of Nebraska Press. 1982. Letters From The Southwest: September 20, 1884 to March 14, 1885. 1989 Mesa, Cañon and Pueblo. University Press of the Pacific. 2004. Pueblo Indian Folk-Stories. Forgotten Books. 2008. The Land of Poco Tiempo. BiblioBazaar. 2009. The Man Who Married the Moon and Other Pueblo Indian Folk Tales. (1891) References Bibliography 208 p. (Devotes chapter XIV "Chas" to Lummis) Historical novel. Further reading (devotes chapter 4 "The Showman with the Shining Right Hand" to Lummis) External links Official website Official website Official site Archival collections Other Mark Thompson, author of American Character, a biography of Charles Fletcher Lummis Charles Fletcher Lummis Manuscript Collection at the Autry National Center Charles F. Lummis Page at Spirit of America "Charles F. Lummis" by Robert E. Fleming in the Western Writers Series Digital Editions at Boise State University Article, with archival photos, about Charles Fletcher Lummis – L.A. as Subject/KCET "Sunday's Lummis Fest Recalls Infancy of Los Angeles Cultural Venues" Los Angeles Times, May 30, 2012 http://articles.latimes.com/2012/may/30/entertainment/la-et-cm-lummis-day-celebration-recalls-infancy-of-la-cultural-venues-20120529 Category:American explorers Category:American historians Category:American librarians Category:Arts and Crafts architects Category:Indigenous rights activists Category:Historians of Native Americans Category:1859 births Category:1928 deaths Category:Activists from California Category:Architects from Los Angeles Category:Artists from Los Angeles Category:Journalists from California Category:Los Angeles Times people Category:Photographers from California Category:Writers from Los Angeles Category:Arroyo Seco (Los Angeles County) Category:American Craftsman architecture in California Category:Arts and Crafts Movement Category:19th century in Los Angeles Category:19th-century American architects Category:20th-century American architects Category:19th-century American historians Category:20th-century American historians Category:19th-century American photographers Category:20th-century American photographers

Black Night "Black Night" is a song by British hard rock band Deep Purple, first released as a single in June 1970 and later included on the 25th Anniversary version of their 1970 album, In Rock. The song became a hit following its release, peaking at No. 2 on UK charts, and to this day remains Deep Purple's highest charting UK single. It topped the charts in Switzerland, and is one of only two singles from the band to chart in Ireland, peaking at No. 4, thus making it the group's only Irish Top 10 hit. It was also the second non-album single penned by the band and also reached number 6 in South Africa. Writing process and recording Once In Rock had been completed, EMI asked for a suitable single to be recorded to help promote the album. Though Roger Glover states that Ricky Nelson's 1962 hard rocking arrangement of the George Gershwin song "Summertime" was the basis for the Mk II Deep Purple single "Black Night", it is also similar to Blues Magoos's 1966 psychedelic hit song "(We Ain't Got) Nothin' Yet". In the BBC documentary Heavy Metal Britannia, keyboardist Jon Lord supports Glover's statement about the song's origin, stating "Black Night was nicked from the bass line in Ricky Nelson's Summertime" and then proceeds to play the bassline riff on his grand piano. Live performances "Black Night" made its way into the setlist soon after release, generally as the first encore. The song was not played in full after Ian Gillan and Roger Glover left the band in 1973, but snippets were often played by Ritchie Blackmore as part of his improvisations. On the reformation of Deep Purple in 1984 "Black Night" returned as part of the main set list. There are many versions of the song available on Deep Purple live albums. Personnel Ian Gillan – vocals Ritchie Blackmore – guitar Roger Glover – bass Jon Lord – organ Ian Paice – drums Covers In 1982, Los Angeles female-fronted metal band Hellion recorded this song as the B-side of their "Driving Hard" single, which was released on Mystic Records in early 1983. In 1982, post-punk group The Fall took to performing a medley integrating the song into their own composition "Cash 'n' Carry"; a recording of this was belatedly issued in 2002 on a reissue of Fall in a Hole. Metallica played the intro during the encore of their shows in 1989. Bruce Dickinson - B side of single: "Dive, Dive, Dive", recorded live in 1990. He and his band would perform it live during the Tattooed Millionaire tour. The main riff of the song is used to end Australian alternative rock band TISM's song "Get Thee in My Behind, Satan", from their 1990 album Hot Dogma. In 1991, Vic Reeves covered the song on I Will Cure You album. Bad Manners - ska version on their 1997 album Heavy Petting. CJ Crew also covered this song for the Dancemania compilation series, but has a heavier sound to it. A version also appears on 2005 Live DVD, Castles and Dreams by Blackmore's Night. Pat Travers has recorded a version on his album P.T. Power Trio 2 in 2006. The song is also recorded by the American death metal band Deicide on their 2006 album, The Stench of Redemption, though with rewritten lyrics. In 2007, Finnish power metal band Twilight Guardians covered the song for their fourth and last album, Ghost Reborn, as a Japanese bonus track. In addition, the song is played at the beginning of the French Movie Les Lyonnais (Which is known in English as A Gang Story ). References Book references <cite id=refBuckley2003> External links Category:1970 singles Category:Deep Purple songs Category:Number-one singles in Switzerland Category:Songs written by Ritchie Blackmore Category:Heavy metal songs Category:Songs written by Ian Gillan Category:Songs written by Roger Glover Category:Songs written by Jon Lord Category:Songs written by Ian Paice Category:Songs involved in plagiarism controversies

Holly Ilex , or holly, is a genus of about 480 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers from tropics to temperate zones worldwide. Description The genus Ilex includes about 480 species, divided into three subgenera: Ilex subg. Byronia, with the type species Ilex polypyrena Ilex subg. Prinos, with 12 species Ilex subg. Ilex, with the rest of the species The genus is widespread throughout the temperate and subtropical regions of the world. It includes species of trees, shrubs, and climbers, with evergreen or deciduous foliage and inconspicuous flowers. Its range was more extended in the Tertiary period and many species are adapted to laurel forest habitats. It occurs from sea level to more than with high mountain species. It is a genus of small, evergreen trees with smooth, glabrous, or pubescent branchlets. The plants are generally slow-growing with some species growing to tall. The type species is the European holly Ilex aquifolium described by Linnaeus. Plants in this genus have simple, alternate glossy leaves, frequently with a spiny leaf margin. The inconspicuous flower is greenish white, with four petals. They are generally dioecious, with male and female flowers on different plants. The small fruits of Ilex, although often referred to as berries, are technically drupes. They range in color from red to brown to black, and rarely green or yellow. The "bones" contain up to ten seeds each. Some species produce fruits parthenogenetically, such as the cultivar 'Nellie R. Stevens'. The fruits ripen in winter and thus provide winter colour contrast between the bright red of the fruits and the glossy green evergreen leaves. Hence the cut branches, especially of I. aquifolium, are widely used in Christmas decoration. The fruits are generally slightly toxic to humans, and can cause vomiting and diarrhea when ingested. However, they are an important food source for birds and other animals, which help disperse the seeds. Unfortunately this can have negative impacts as well. Along the west coast of North America, from California to British Columbia, English holly (Ilex aquifolium), which is grown commercially, is quickly spreading into native forest habitat, where it thrives in shade and crowds out native species. It has been placed on the Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board's monitor list, and is a Class C invasive plant in Portland. Etymology Ilex in Latin means the holm-oak or evergreen oak (Quercus ilex). Despite the Linnaean classification of Ilex as holly, as late as the 19th century in Britain, the term Ilex was still being applied to the oak as well as the holly – possibly due to the superficial similarity of the leaves. The name "holly" in common speech refers to Ilex aquifolium, specifically stems with berries used in Christmas decoration. By extension, "holly" is also applied to the whole genus. The origin of the word "holly" is considered a reduced form of Old English , Middle English Holin, later Hollen. The French word for holly, , derives from the Old Low Franconian *hulis (Middle Dutch huls). Both are related to Old High German , huls, as are Low German/Low Franconian terms like or . These Germanic words appear to be related to words for holly in Celtic languages, such as Welsh , Breton and Irish . Several Romance languages use the Latin word acrifolium, literally "sharp leaf" (turned into aquifolium in modern time), so Italian , Occitan , etc. History The phylogeography of this group provides examples of various speciation mechanisms at work. In this scenario ancestors of this group became isolated from the remaining Ilex when the Earth mass broke away into Gondwana and Laurasia about 82million years ago, resulting in a physical separation of the groups and beginning a process of change to adapt to new conditions. This mechanism is called allopatric speciation. Over time, survivor species of the holly genus adapted to different ecological niches. This led to reproductive isolation, an example of ecological speciation. In the Pliocene, around five million years ago, mountain formation diversified the landscape and provided new opportunities for speciation within the genus. The fossil record indicates that the Ilex lineage was already widespread prior to the end of the Cretaceous period. Based on the molecular clock, the common ancestor of most of the extant species probably appeared during the Eocene, about 50million years ago, suggesting that older representatives of the genus belong to now extinct branches. The laurel forest covered great areas of the Earth during the Paleogene, when the genus was more prosperous. This type of forest extended during the Neogene, more than 20million years ago. Most of the last remaining temperate broadleaf evergreen forests are believed to have disappeared about 10,000 years ago at the end of the Pleistocene. Many of the then-existing species with the strictest ecological requirements became extinct because they could not cross the barriers imposed by the geography, but others found refuge as a species relict in coastal enclaves, archipelagos, and coastal mountains sufficiently far from areas of extreme cold and aridity and protected by the oceanic influence. Range The genus is distributed throughout the world's different climates. Most species make their home in the tropics and subtropics, with a worldwide distribution in temperate zones. The greatest diversity of species is found in the Americas and in Southeast Asia. Ilex mucronata, formerly the type species of Nemopanthus, is native to eastern North America. Nemopanthus was treated as a separate genus with eight species. of the family Aquifoliaceae, now transferred to Ilex on molecular data; it is closely related to Ilex amelanchier. In Europe the genus is represented by a single species, the classically named holly Ilex aquifolium, and in continental Africa by this species and (Ilex mitis). Ilex canariensis, from Macaronesia, and Ilex aquifolium arose from a common ancestor in the laurel forests of the Mediterranean. Australia, isolated at an early period, has (Ilex arnhemensis). Of 204 species growing in China, 149 species are endemic. A species which stands out for its economic importance in Spanish-speaking countries and in Brazil is Ilex paraguariensis or Yerba mate. Having evolved numerous species that are endemic to islands and small mountain ranges, and being highly useful plants, many hollies are now becoming rare. Ecology Often the tropical species are especially threatened by habitat destruction and overexploitation. At least two species of Ilex have become extinct recently, and many others are barely surviving. They are extremely important food for numerous species of birds, and also are eaten by other wild animals. In the autumn and early winter the fruits are hard and apparently unpalatable. After being frozen or frosted several times, the fruits soften, and become milder in taste. During winter storms, birds often take refuge in hollies, which provide shelter, protection from predators (by the spiny leaves), and food. The flowers are sometimes eaten by the larva of the double-striped pug moth (Gymnoscelis rufifasciata). Other Lepidoptera whose larvae feed on holly include Bucculatrix ilecella, which feeds exclusively on hollies, and the engrailed (Ectropis crepuscularia). Toxicity Holly can contain caffeic acid, caffeoyl derivatives, caffeoylshikimic acid, chlorogenic acid, feruloylquinic acid, quercetin, quinic acid, kaempferol, tannins, rutin, caffeine, and theobromine. Holly berries can cause vomiting and diarrhea. They are especially dangerous in cases involving accidental consumption by children attracted to the bright red berries. Ingestion of over 20 berries may be fatal to children. Holly leaves, if eaten, might cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and stomach and intestinal problems. Holly plants might be toxic to pets and livestock. Uses Culinary use Leaves of some holly species are used by some cultures to make daily tea. These species are Yerba mate (I. paraguariensis), Ilex guayusa, Kuding (Ilex kaushue), Yaupon (I. vomitoria) and others. Leaves of other species, such as gallberry (I. glabra) are bitter and emetic. In general little is known about inter-species variation in constituents or toxicity of hollies. Ornamental use Many of the holly species are widely used as ornamental plants in temperate/European gardens and parks, notably: I. aquifolium (common European holly) I. crenata (box-leaved holly) I. verticillata (winterberry) Moreover, many hundreds of hybrids and cultivars have been developed for garden use, among them the very popular "Highclere holly", Ilex × altaclerensis (I. aquifolium × I. perado) and the "blue holly", Ilex × meserveae (I. aquifolium × I. rugosa). The cultivar I. × meserveae Blue Prince = ‘Conablu’ has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit. Hollies are often used for hedges; the spiny leaves make them difficult to penetrate, and they take well to pruning and shaping. Culture Holly – more specifically the European holly, Ilex aquifolium – is commonly referenced at Christmas time, and is often referred to by the name Christ's thorn. In many Western Christian cultures, holly is a traditional Christmas decoration, used especially in wreaths and illustrations, for instance on Christmas cards. Since medieval times the plant has carried a Christian symbolism, as expressed in the well-known Christian Christmas carol "The Holly and the Ivy", in which the holly represents Jesus and the ivy represents the Virgin Mary. Angie Mostellar discusses the Christian use of holly at Christmas, stating that: In heraldry, holly is used to symbolize truth. The Norwegian municipality of Stord has a yellow twig of holly in its Coat-of-arms. The Druids held that "leaves of holly offered protection against evil spirits" and thus "wore holly in their hair". In the Harry Potter novels, holly is used as the wood in Harry's wand. In some traditions of Wicca, the Holly King is one of the faces of the Sun God. He is born at midsummer and rules from Mabon to Ostara. Selected species Ilex abscondita (Venezuela) Ilex aculeolata Ilex acutidenticulata (Venezuela) Ilex affinis Ilex aggregata Ilex × altaclarensis Ilex altiplana (Venezuela) Ilex amazonensis – Ilex ambigua – Sand holly (southeastern and south-central United States) Ilex amboroica Ilex amelanchier (southeastern United States) Ilex amygdalina (South America) Ilex andicola (South America) Ilex angulata Ilex anodonta Ilex anomala Hook. & Arn. – Kāwau (Hawaii) Ilex anonoides (Peru) Ilex apicidens Ilex aquifolium – European holly, English holly, Christ's thorn (western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia) Ilex aracamuniana (Venezuela) Ilex archeri Ilex ardisiifrons Ilex argentina Ilex arimensis Ilex arisanensis (Taiwan) Ilex arnhemensis (Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland) Ilex asprella (southeast Asia) Ilex atabapoensis Ilex atrata Ilex auriculata Ilex austrosinensis Ilex belizensis Ilex berteroi Ilex bidens Ilex bioritsensis Ilex blanchetii Ilex boliviana Ilex brachyphylla (China) Ilex brandegeeana Ilex brasiliensis (Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina) Ilex brevicuspis Ilex brevipedicellata (Venezuela) Ilex buergeri Ilex buxoides Ilex canariensis (Macaronesian islands) Ilex caniensis (Peru) Ilex casiquiarensis Ilex cassine – Dahoon holly, cassena (Virginia to southeast Texas of US, Veracruz of Mexico, Bahamas, Cuba, and Puerto Rico) Ilex cauliflora Ilex centrochinensis Ilex cerasifolia (Brazil) Ilex chamaebuxus Ilex chamaedryfolia Ilex championii Ilex chapaensis (China) Ilex chartaceifolia Ilex chengbuensis Ilex chengkouensis (China) Ilex cheniana Ilex chinensis Ilex chingiana Ilex chiriquensis Ilex chuniana (China) Ilex ciliolata (Venezuela) Ilex ciliospinosa Ilex cinerea Ilex clementis Ilex cochinchinensis Ilex colchica (Bulgaria, Turkey and the Caucasus) Ilex collina (North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Tennessee, and Georgia of the United States) Ilex colombiana Ilex condensata Ilex confertiflora Ilex conocarpa (Brazil) Ilex cookii (Puerto Rico) Ilex corallina Ilex coriacea – gallberry (Virginia to Texas of United States) Ilex cornuta – Chinese holly, horned holly (eastern China and Korea) Ilex costaricensis (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama) Ilex cowanii (Venezuela) Ilex crenata – Japanese holly, box-leaved holly, inutsuge (Japanese) (eastern China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Sakhalin) Ilex cubana Ilex culmenicola Ilex cupreonitens Ilex curtissii Ilex cuzcoana Ilex cyrtura Ilex dabieshanensis (China) Ilex danielis Ilex daphnogenea Ilex dasyclada Ilex dasyphylla Ilex davidsei (Venezuela) Ilex decidua Walter – possumhaw (eastern United States, northeastern Mexico) Ilex dehongensis Ilex delavayi Ilex denticulata Ilex dianguiensis Ilex dicarpa Ilex dimorphophylla (Amami Ōshima of the Ryukyu Islands) Ilex dioica Ilex diospyroides (Venezuela) Ilex dipyrena – Himalayan holly Ilex dicolor Ilex diuretica Ilex divaricata Ilex dolichopoda Ilex dubia Ilex dugesii Ilex duidae Ilex dumosa Ilex dunniana Ilex editicostata Ilex elliptica Ilex elmerrilliana Ilex embelioides Ilex eoa Ilex ericoides (Peru) Ilex estriata Ilex euryoides (China) Ilex excelsa Ilex fargesii Ilex fengqingensis (China) Ilex ficifolia Ilex ficoidea Ilex florifera (Jamaica) Ilex formosana Ilex forrestii Ilex fragilis Ilex franchetiana Ilex fukeinensis Ilex gabinetensis Ilex gabrielleana Ilex gardneriana (extinct: 20th century?) (India) Ilex georgei Ilex gintungensis Ilex glabella (Venezuela) Ilex glabra L. A.Gray – evergreen winterberry, bitter gallberry, inkberry (eastern North America) Ilex glaucophylla Ilex gleasoniana (Venezuela) Ilex glomerata (Burma, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo) Ilex godajam Ilex goshiensis Ilex graciliflora (China) Ilex gracilis Ilex grandiflora (Peninsular Malaysia) Ilex gransabanensis Ilex guaiquinimae (Venezuela) Ilex guangnanensis Ilex guayusa (Amazon rainforest) Ilex guianensis Ilex guizhouensis Ilex gundlachiana Ilex haberi Ilex hainanensis Ilex hanceana Ilex harrisii (Jamaica) Ilex hayatana Ilex hemiepiphytica (Costa Rica) Ilex hippocrateoides Ilex hirsuta Ilex holstii (Venezuela) Ilex hookeri Ilex huachamacariana (Venezuela) Ilex hualgayoca (South America) Ilex huana Ilex hylonoma Ilex hypaneura Ilex hyreana Ilex ignicola (Venezuela) Ilex illustris (Peninsular Malaysia) Ilex integerrima (Brazil) Ilex integra – mochi tree, Nepal holly (Korea; Taiwan; the mid-southern regions of China; and Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan) Ilex intricata Ilex inundata (South America) Ilex jamaicana Proctor (Jamaica) Ilex jauaensis(Venezuela) Ilex jelskii (Peru) Ilex karuaiana (Venezuela) Ilex kaushue (China) Ilex khasiana (India) Ilex kingiana Ilex kusanoi Ilex laevigata – smooth winterberry (eastern coastal United States) Ilex lasseri (Venezuela) Ilex latifolia – tarajo holly, tarayō (Japanese) (southern Japan and eastern and southern China ) Ilex lechleri (Peru) Ilex leucoclada Ilex longipes (southeastern United States) Ilex longzhouensis (China) Ilex machilifolia (southern China) Ilex maclurei (China) Ilex macoucoua Ilex macrocarpa Ilex macropoda Ilex magnifructa (Venezuele) Ilex maingayi (Malaysia) Ilex marahuacae (Venezuela) Ilex marginata (Venezuela) Ilex margratesavage Ilex mathewsii (Peru) Ilex × meserveae Ilex microdonta Ilex mitis (Southern Africa) Ilex montana Torrey & A.Gray – mountain winterberry (Eastern United States) Ilex mucronata (L.) M.Powell, Savol., & S.Andrews – mountain holly, catberry (Eastern North America) Ilex myrtifolia – myrtle holly, myrtle dahoon Ilex neblinensis (Brazil, Venezuela) Ilex nothofagifolia Ilex oblonga (China) Ilex occulta (China) Ilex opaca – American holly (Eastern United States) Ilex ovalifolia Ilex palawanica (Philippines) Ilex pallida (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama) Ilex paraguariensis – yerba mate (mate, erva-mate) Ilex parvifructa (Venezuela) Ilex patens Ilex pauciflora Ilex paujiensis Ilex pedunculosa – longstalked holly Ilex peiradena Ilex perado – Madeiran holly Ilex perlata Ilex pernyi – Perny's holly Ilex polita Ilex praetermissa Ilex pringlei Ilex pseudobuxus Ilex puberula Ilex pubescens Ilex purpurea Ilex qianlingshanensis Ilex quercetorum Ilex quercifolia Ilex rarasanensis Ilex reticulata Ilex rotunda Ilex rugosa Ilex sclerophylla Ilex serrata – Japanese winterberry Ilex sessilifructa Ilex shimeica Ilex sikkimensis Ilex sintenisii (Urban) Britt. – Sintenis' holly (Puerto Rico) Ilex sipapoana Ilex socorroensis Ilex spinigera or Ilex hyrcana Pojark. Ilex spruceana Ilex steyermarkii Ilex subrotundifolia Ilex subtriflora Ilex sugerokii Ilex sulcata Ilex syzygiophylla Ilex tahanensis Ilex tarapotina Ilex tateana Ilex taubertiana Ilex ternatiflora (extinct: 20th century?) Ilex theezans Ilex tiricae Ilex tolucana Ilex trachyphylla Ilex trichocarpa Ilex tugitakayamensis Ilex uraiensis Ilex urbaniana – Urban's holly Ilex vaccinoides Ilex venezuelensis Ilex venulosa Ilex verticillata (L.) A.Gray American winterberry (Eastern North America) Ilex vomitoria – yaupon holly (southeastern United States) Ilex vulcanicola Ilex walkeri Ilex wenchowensis Ilex williamsii Ilex wilsonii Ilex yunnanensis Ilex wugonshanensis Ilex yuiana Gallery References External links Aquifoliaceae in BoDD – Botanical Dermatology Database Category:Medicinal plants Category:Winter traditions Category:Christmas plants Category:Dioecious plants Category:Poisonous plants Category:Flora of North America Category:Flora of East Asia Category:Flora of Asia

Robert Goolrick Robert Goolrick (born 1948 in Virginia) is an American writer whose first novel sold more than five million copies.. Biography Robert Goolrick grew up in the 1950s in the small college town of Lexington, Virginia. His father was a college professor. His mother was a homemaker, and he had two siblings. When Goolrick lost his job as an advertising copywriter, he turned to memoir writing. He wrote a memoir and his parents disinherited him, so he moved to New York. The End of the World As We Know It: Scenes from a Life highlighted "the excesses and failures of both the social underpinnings of the time and his parents' inevitable alcohol-fueled decline, culminating in a devastating portrayal of the sexual abuse he suffered as a child." He sought "something resembling peace" in his writing. After years living in New York City, he returned to Virginia. In 2015 he moved from Whitestone, Virginia to Weems, Virginia. He reads from his book "A Reliable Wife" in a video posted for his Facebook followers to which he added, "For people who can't come to a bookstore, this is what I look like and what I sound like, thanks to my friend Ashraf Meer." Works 2007: The End of the World as We Know It: Scenes from a Life, Algonquin Books, 2009: A Reliable Wife, Algonquin Books, 2012: Heading Out to Wonderful, Algonquin Books, 2015: The Fall of Princes, Algonquin Books, 2018: The Dying of the Light, Harper, Works translated into French 2009: Une femme simple et honnête, [« A Reliable Wife »], translation by Marie de Prémonville, Paris, Éditions Anne Carrière, 413 p. 2010: Féroces, [« The End of the World as We Know It: Scenes from a Life »], translated by Marie de Prémonville, , 254 p. . 2012: Arrive un vagabond, [« Heading Out to Wonderful »], translation by Marie de Prémonville, Éditions Anne Carrière, 319 p. - Prix Laurent-Bonelli Virgin-Lire 2012 - Grand prix des lectrices de Elle 2013. 2014: La Chute des princes [« The Fall of Princes »], translation by Marie de Prémonville, Éditions Anne Carrière, 360 p. . 2017: Après l’incendie, followed by the short story Trois lamentations, Éditions Anne Carrière, 300 p. Book recommendations by Goolrick for children Robert Goolrick listed his six favorite books for children: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain; Oh, the Places You'll Go! by Dr. Seuss; Canada by Richard Ford; The Patrick Melrose Novels by Edward St. Aubyn; The Family Fang by Kevin Wilson; and Me Talk Pretty One Day by David Sedaris. Prizes 2013: Grand prix des lectrices de Elle for Arrive un vagabond (Heading Out to Wonderful) 2015: Prix Fitzgerald for La Chute des princes References External links Beautiful People, Wretched Childhood on The New York Times Robert Goolrick, author of the best-seller A Reliable Wife, talks about writing as the path to something resembling peace on Nashville scene Robert Goolrick on KirKus Goolrick's life spins from 'tortured' to 'Wonderful' on USA Today Robert Goolrick > Quotes on Goodreads 'A Reliable Wife' by Robert Goolrick on {Washington Post (8 April 2009) Robert Goolrick on Book reporter The End of the World as We Know It: Scenes from a Life by Robert Goolrick on bookslut.com Category:21st-century American novelists Category:Grand prix des lectrices de Elle winners Category:1948 births Category:People from Virginia Category:Living people

1265 in Scotland Events from the year 1265 in the Kingdom of Scotland. Incumbents Monarch – Alexander III Events 24 November – with the death of Magnus Olafsson, the Isle of Man comes under direct Scottish rule, which is formalised the following year in the Treaty of Perth Deaths unknown date Hugh Crawford, Sheriff of Ayrshire, (born 1195) See also Timeline of Scottish history References Category:Years of the 13th century in Scotland Category:Wars of Scottish Independence

Seven Ages of Rock Seven Ages of Rock (also known as 7 Ages of Rock) is a BBC Two series, co-produced by BBC Worldwide and VH1 Classic in 2007 about the history of rock music. It comprised six 60-minute episodes (reduced to 48 minutes for VH1 Classic), with a final episode of 90 minutes, and was broadcast on Saturdays at 21:00 (repeated on BBC One on Sundays). Each episode focused on one type of rock music, each typified by one or two artists or bands. The series producer was William Naylor, and the executive producer for the BBC was Michael Poole, a former editor of the 1990s BBC music, arts and culture programme The Late Show. The production was based at BBC Bristol and each programme was narrated by Julian Rhind-Tutt on the BBC and Dennis Hopper on VH1 classic. The series also included additional material broadcast on BBC radio and available on the BBC website. Series structure The series makes heavy use of archive material. These early performances of musicians are interspersed with interviews with various other musicians. Naylor could use interviews from various other music series he had made for the BBC, such as with David Bowie, who was not available for an interview this time. In an interview about the series, Naylor says that he has noticed the time is ripe for a revival of rock because he sees a growing popularity of slightly uncomfortable music and a somewhat arrogant attitude, precisely what rock needs. He also claims the series finally says what needed to be said, that England made Jimi Hendrix. He even states that rock music started on 24 September 1966 in London, when Jimi Hendrix went there. The series did receive some criticism from the press as it ignored rock and roll's contribution to the birth of rock. Neil McCormick, music critic for The Daily Telegraph (who appeared in one of the episodes as an interviewee) said: "...popular music only really gelled into what we now know as rock when Hendrix arrived in London in 1966."'. Episodes Programme 1: The Birth of Rock Jimi Hendrix grew up in Seattle in the 1950s, learning the Twelve-bar blues as a teenager. Whilst in the army he came under the influence of the electric blues of artists such as Howlin' Wolf, B.B. King and Muddy Waters. After he was discharged in 1962 he became involved in the Chitlin' Circuit, playing with figures such as Little Richard. Former Animals member, Eric Burdon, says Hendrix could not get off the ground in the US because black blues was not popular there. Meanwhile, the English music scene was learning to play the blues from the US records they bought, with bands forming like The Rolling Stones, who began by copying American blues numbers. When they started to write their own songs they gave them a sexual swagger and a new direction. Whites playing the blues made it more acceptable to the white US audience reintroducing the style to America. When Hendrix moved to New York City he came under the influence of British blues music, especially that of Jeff Beck of the Yardbirds and Eric Clapton, who had become famous with John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers. While living in Harlem he also came under the influence of Bob Dylan, whose "Like a Rolling Stone" revolutionised rock. For Hendrix this inspired him to begin singing, having previously been self-conscious about his voice. Another English band, The Who, inspired him most. With a roughness and a high octane sound, they created the modern stage presence with the theatrics of destroying their equipment, such as playing the guitar by ramming it against the floor and speakers. Jimi Hendrix came to London in late 1966 after having been discovered and invited by his future manager Chas Chandler of The Animals, on the sole condition that he would be introduced to his guitar heroes. He arrived at the height of swinging London with Cream being the most important band around. At one of their concerts, Hendrix asked if he could join in a jam. That was already audacious, playing with 'God', but then he blew Clapton away, who went back stage and had a hard time lighting a cigarette because his hands were shaking too much. Stealing Cream's thunder, Chandler put together The Jimi Hendrix Experience, who became famous faster than almost any other rock band. However, despite his UK success, Hendrix was still largely ignored in his home country. This was to change when he played the Monterey Pop Festival at the height of The Summer of Love. The Who played first, with an aggression never before seen in the U.S.A. Hendrix stunned the crowds further with his explosive sound and showmanship culminating in setting fire to his guitar. In 1966, The Beatles had taken refuge in the studio, transforming themselves from a pop band to psychedelic pioneers. When Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band was released in 1967, Hendrix covered it on one of the experience's next shows. Having seen the power of the studio album he went on to create Electric Ladyland. However, it led to Hendrix becoming more deeply involved in drugs and Chas Chandler leaving as manager. By 1968, America and Europe were being torn apart by conflict at home and abroad. The Rolling Stones tapped into these feelings with a new creative zeal. However, their performance at Altamont became one of the most violent days in rock history, after a member of Hells Angels killed Meredith Hunter, a drugged member of the audience, who drew a revolver from his jacket during the Stones' set. The Altamont festival was meant to mirror the Woodstock Festival, where Hendrix delivered a searing version of the Star-Spangled Banner, which many saw as a political statement against the Vietnam War. However, Hendrix began to tire of stage performance and at the Isle of Wight festival in 1970 he gave a lacklustre performance. In September he died of an accidental overdose. Along with the deaths of Jim Morrison and Janis Joplin and the breaking up of The Beatles, this brought this age of rock to a close. Alternative Programme 1: My Generation The broadcast of the VH1 episode is very differently structured and features several different songs, interviews, and artists, as well as the main focus, Jimi Hendrix, being completely removed and the new focus being the Rolling Stones. This is not an issue with other episodes which are only mildly different. In the early 1960s the music for teenagers was sweet and soulless, manufactured pop with a beat for crooners such as Bobby Vinton and Bobby Vee. The music of blues singers such as John Lee Hooker, Muddy Waters and Howlin' Wolf was powerful and rebellious and had come out of struggle in a way that spoke to the British Working Class, who were not politically constrained as they were in white America. In 1962, The Rolling Stones formed and started playing in the Crawdaddy Club in Richmond. Their Blues with a British twist proved a hit with teenage audiences. The Rolling Stones began creating their own songs with lyrics loaded with arrogance and sex. Their space at the Crawdaddy club was taken by The Yardbirds, who attempted to produce their own twist on the blues, helped by their guitarist Eric Clapton, who was considered by some to be so proficient with the guitar that he garnered the popular nickname "God". However, he split from the Yardbirds after their commercial success to become a serious blues musician. A new wave of British bands were now emerging. The Kinks produced an electrified gritty sound expanding musical possibilities. Inspired by them, The Who combined a macho image, pop art and fast driven rock. In 1965, year zero of rock, the Who released a song that the program postulates defined the era, "My Generation", and was incredibly innovative in both its sound and rebellious message. The Animals had first opened the path for these bands with the reimagining of "the House of the Rising Sun", which they came across when it was covered by Bob Dylan from the New York City folk scene. He now took inspiration from these new British bands by going electric to produce "the Wild Thin Mercury sound of Rock Music", which added sophisticated lyrics to rock. Back in Britain, Eric Clapton had found creative freedom in his own band Cream, which were much more musically skilled than most other groups at the time. They took the language and feel of the blues producing the 'endless-solo'. Disraeli Gears took the blues and combined it with the drug-filled psychedelia, showing the artistic potential of rock. When The Who went to the Monterey Pop Festival, they innovated the live performance by channelling aggression, playing at high volume and destroying their instruments. This established the festival as the centre of the rock performance but also signalled the end of the innocent optimism of the summer of love. Anxieties over the Vietnam war and social unrest rising and, after the Woodstock Festival, business started to take over what artists were doing. This new mood was channelled by the Rolling Stones using darkness as a new creative zeal. However, they were plunged into their own darkness with the death of Brian Jones and the chaos of Altamont, where, according to Al Kooper, the innocence of the Sixties finally died. The Beatles are not mentioned throughout the episode. Many of this episode's featured songs are completely different, and so they are listed separately here: Programme 2: "White Light, White Heat" In 1967, Pink Floyd published "Arnold Layne", a song about a clothes-stealing transvestite, introducing a new concept in pop music, psychedelia. Like Andy Warhol did with The Velvet Underground in the US, they turned their shows into multimedia spectacles. Warhol came up with the idea of projecting films on the background of the stage. With Peter Jenner seeing Pink Floyd as the English version of the Velvet Underground, they decided to use this medium to illustrate the songs they were singing, projecting what effectively were the first music clips on a large screen behind the band. The shows grew ever more weird, and others followed. David Bowie was inspired by the weirdness of Velvet Underground and the madness of Pink Floyd's Syd Barrett (as exemplified by his Jugband Blues). Bowie created an alter-ego named Ziggy Stardust, which gave him an excuse to dress up on stage. Genesis' Peter Gabriel took Bowie's stage act even further dressing in even more elaborate and bizarre costumes; "Compared to what Gabriel wore on stage, Bowie was dressed for a night at the pub." Another new thing in rock music was experimenting with sounds. Roxy Music introduced an oboe to rock. And when Pink Floyd wondered what a piano would sound like through a Leslie speaker, they came up with the intro to Echoes, a piece that lasted the entire second side of the album Meddle. The stage performances of songs could also last much longer than the album versions. The performances grew so large that Pink Floyd felt ever more alienated from the audience and decided to 'protest' against that by putting up such a large performance with huge puppets for the stage show of The Wall that the band became almost invisible. During the show they built up a wall on stage between themselves and the audience making them literally invisible. This performance lasted only four shows and marked the end of this age of rock. In the VH1 version of this episode, David Bowie's early influences are discussed in less detail, there is no discussion of Bowie and Roxy Music playing the Rainbow theatre and Hang On To Yourself- David Bowie, Ladytron and Re-make Remodel are not featured with the section on Roxy Music being much smaller and Supper's Ready- Genesis is played but not discussed except in relation to costumes. In this episode some of the featured songs on the BBC website were not the same as featured in the episode as The Velvet Underground - Venus In Furs is replaced by The Velvet Underground - All Tomorrow's Parties. Programme 3: Blank Generation "In 1975, New York City was near bankruptcy and no fun at all. London was not much better. In this tale of two cities, from the worst of times came the best of times: punk rock." Punk went back to the roots. If people saw a show they should get the feeling that they could do that themselves; that is what rock & roll is all about. Punk was DIY; the bands invented themselves, and the punkers made their own clothes. The Ramones sang about the street life experiences of kids in Queens. The Sex Pistols started with covers of mod classics by The Who, but of course, they soon went DIY too in that respect, although that did not prevent Glen Matlock from letting ABBA's "SOS" inspire him for the guitar riff in "Pretty Vacant". Punk was class rage. According to Charles Shaar Murray, "The New York punks were bohemians or aspired to be, and the London punks were yobs or aspired to be." According to Sex Pistol John Lydon, the indignation was not put on; "We suffer, and you can fuck off for it!" Punk was about doing new things, and punk girl bands like Siouxsie and the Banshees and the Slits were new in a new way; Viv Albertine said "We wanted to do our own girlie whalloping thing, and punk was open enough for us to do that." And Patti Smith was not only about music, but about language too, almost like a freestyle rapper; "Spitting out something that goes right into your head." When the Sex Pistols went to the US, they wanted to show them what punk was really about, but instead it destroyed them. They had no fun, so they decided to take that to the extreme in their last show in San Francisco in 1978, playing a typically raucous show, and ending (as an Encore) with a cover of The Stooges song 'No Fun'. Before going off stage, John Lydon remarked "Ever get the feeling you've been cheated?" Lydon later commented: "That was directed to the whole world, including us." After leaving, Lydon started Public Image Ltd, and ushered in the post-punk era. In this episode some of the featured songs on the BBC website were not the same as featured in the episode. These include the episode not opening with Iggy and the Stooges' "No Fun" but the Sex Pistols' version (although is not named until the end of the episode), the Buzzcocks also played "Boredom" and "Ever Fallen in Love"; The Slits only featuring one song, "Typical Girls," rather than the three featured on the website; and Public Image's "Poptones" appearing in the episode. The VH1 broadcast was substantially different from the BBC. No discussion was made of the Sex Pistols' interview with Bill Grundy and the press coverage. Also there was no mention of The Buzzcocks, Tommy James talking about "New Rose", the Punk girl bands or Public Image Limited, instead the episode playing out to "London Calling" by the Clash. Programme 4: Never Say Die Heavy metal is the music critics love to hate, but also the longest lasting mainstay of rock music. More than any other band at the time, Black Sabbath were influenced by their surroundings, heavily industrialised Birmingham. This was even more true for guitarist Tony Iommi, who cut off the tips of two fingers in a steel factory. When he tried to solve this problem by melting a washing up liquid bottle, and forming two 'thimbles' for his fingers, he found that by tuning his guitar down three semitones (to C#), he could play just as easily, and also get a very different, altogether much darker sound (although this was not used until their third album). Another inspiration for the band came from the movie theatre across the street. Sabbath decided that if people were eager to pay money to be scared, then maybe they should play scary music. In 1971, when Deep Purple were in Montreux to record the album Machine Head, they were themselves scared by a fire in the casino when "some stupid with a flare gun burned the place to the ground" during a concert by Frank Zappa and the Mothers of Invention. Since their recording studio was also in the casino, they decided to make the album in their hotel. On the last day they needed to record one more song and decided to simply tell the story of their recording session, which became the lyrics to Smoke on the Water. By the end of the 1980s, Metal had become too commercial for some fans, with groups like the W.A.S.P., Hanoi Rocks and Poison having huge success. Influenced by the New Wave of British Heavy Metal, another new sound had risen to prominence in the US, where metal had a huge following: thrash metal, a style that went beyond in many respects, being faster and heavier than anything that had come before. But playing the guitar ever faster had reached a ceiling and at the turn of the decade, Metallica, one of the inventors of thrash, decided to turn that around and adopt a very slow, heavy, sound. The result was 'The Black Album' which went on to sell over 15 million copies and "proved that metal, never in fashion, but never out of fashion, will always just keep on going". The VH1 broadcast was different from the BBC. No discussion was made of Sabbath Bloody Sabbath being recorded or played. Breaking the Law did not feature and nothing was discussed about punk. After the death of Randy Rhoads instead of playing I Don't Know from Live in Salt Lake City it features Shot In The Dark, there is also no mention Ozzy Osbourne's off stage antics such as decapitating birds and bats or urinating on the Alamo. Programme 5: We Are the Champions One of the first big bands of stadium rock was Led Zeppelin, who played to audiences of 50,000. They were so successful that they could take 90% of the revenue, leaving only 10% for the promoters, who were used to taking the largest slice of the pie. But in the case of Led Zeppelin even 10% was worth their while. Queen took this even further and played for audiences of 130.000, filling big stadiums. This was in part due to the act they put on. In the US, Kiss took that even further, ignoring the music and focusing purely on the act. They made their money largely from merchandise, which was bought by children who knew nothing of Rock and Roll and the merchandise alone gave them a revenue of 50 million dollars per year. In the US, Bruce Springsteen also became one of the icons of stadium rock, almost against his own will. He kept playing clubs when he could have been playing theatres and he kept playing theatres when he could have been playing stadiums. But ironically, it was exactly this 'regular guy' attitude that made him popular. When The Police had made it in England, they first financed their own tour of the US (where for a while they became the biggest band) and then started going to countries where few other western bands had gone before. Queen did something similar by touring South America and filling huge football stadiums. In Japan they were received as warmly as The Beatles. This was all topped by Live Aid, which was heard by a third of the world population. Bob Geldof: "It turned out the lingua franca of the world was not English, but Rock and Roll." U2 was the last great band to emerge from stadium rock. Zoo TV brought the TV on stage. And they introduced another new phenomenon, the B-stage, in the middle of the audience, where they were totally surrounded by them, thus reversing the ongoing development of the bands getting ever further separated from their audiences. The VH1 version of this episode did not mention Peter Grant or 90/10 deal with concert promoters, the "designer bands" of Aerosmith, Guns N' Roses, and Bon Jovi, nor having any of them playing. It did not show Queen playing Hyde Park and did not have them playing Another One Bites the Dust or I Want To Break Free, with no discussion on the politics of playing in South America. The discussion of the Police is reduced and Walking on the Moon is not played. The Angel of Harlem is also not featured. Programme 6: Left of the Dial "Seattle, Washington, USA. In the early 1990s the music capital of the world. Home to grunge, teen spirit and the kings of alternative rock, Nirvana, the band that brought the sound of the American underground to a mass audience." Alternative rock was a reaction to the shock treatment of Reaganomics, leading to Generation X, that couldn't identify with the studio-polished rock that filled mainstream radio and MTV. Nirvana's Kurt Cobain and Krist Novoselic were part of this generation and inspired by groups such as Black Flag, who played a more fitting musical style, hardcore punk. Alternative rock was in the early 1980s called college rock because it was mostly played by campus radio stations, who broadcast in the lower bandwidths that were not shown on the dials of radios, so listeners had to turn the knob 'left of the dial'. These were also forced to tour constantly and play in small venues with groups such as The Replacements and Sonic Youth. The founding band of alternative rock, R.E.M., toured non-stop from 5 April 1980 to the end of 1989, so they laid down their guitars and Peter Buck picked up a mandolin, resulting in the song "Losing My Religion", that would be the start of the sound that gave them worldwide fame. Nirvana experienced a similar change, starting with Cobain's song "About a Girl", which he was unsure about because it was so 'poppy'. Another inspiration for their new sound was the way they started every recording session, taking half an hour for a free-style jam, in which they experimented with how soft or how loud they could play. Cobain liked the contrast and had always wondered what it would sound like if one mixed Black Sabbath with The Beatles. He dreamed of noise and melody, hard guitars and harmonies. Nirvana created a sound that blended the fury of grunge with a new feel for melody and the mass commercial appeal of R.E.M., leading to what would become alternative rock's anthem, "Smells Like Teen Spirit". There were some reservations about the song because it sounded like a Pixies rip-off, a band that had been playing exactly that dynamic mix of soft and loud music. Thanks to the success of Nirvana, R.E.M. and Mudhoney, Alternative Rock and Grunge went mainstream and record companies bought up as many of these small bands as possible, leading to the commercial success of groups such as Soundgarden, Alice in Chains, The Smashing Pumpkins and Pearl Jam. Nirvana put Seattle on the map, so REM went there too. There was even talk of the two bands performing together; however, Kurt Cobain's untimely death prevented this collaboration from happening. Cobain admired R.E.M., as they had achieved everything without compromise, while he had become part of the machine he despised. After he had already become rich, he still bought clothes in Salvation Army stores. Fans knew this, so there would be some 80 of them waiting at the store, just to watch what clothes he would buy, even cracking the window as they peeked in. Some can handle that sort of attention, some can't. Kurt couldn't. He joked about naming their new album I Hate Myself And I Want To Die (instead it would be called In Utero). Five months after Nirvana's famous unplugged session, in April 1994, he killed himself, despite efforts by R.E.M.'s Michael Stipe to get him back on his feet again. Cobain's suicide note read the words of Neil Young "It's better to burn out than to fade away". In the VH1 version of this episode, It's the End of the World as We Know It (And I Feel Fine) - R.E.M. does not feature and instead opens to Here Comes A Regular - The Replacements (although unnamed), Hüsker Dü do not feature and are not mentioned, instead Sonic Youth's Goo album is mentioned and shown in relation to their signing to a mainstream label. Pearl Jam are discussed in slightly more detail, Something In The Way and Come As You Are by Nirvana are not featured and the discussion of Unplugged is reduced, only being featured in relation to Cobain's suicide. Programme 7: What the World Is Waiting For The British Indie scene flourished in Manchester in the early 1980s. Manchester was transformed by The Smiths, through Morrissey's lyrics into a place of epic romance as part of a critique of the hard northern working class life under Thatcher. The Indie scene was diverse and contained bands such as The Cocteau Twins, The Fall and The Jesus and Mary Chain. By 1986, The Smiths had become one of Britain's most established band's, a record deal with label EMI had been agreed and they began to play larger and larger venues in the U.S. However, this brought its own pressures and eventually this contributed to The Smiths splitting in the summer of 1987. This split coincided with the rise of house music and the development of a new wave of indie bands giving the music "a psychedelic twist". The Stone Roses, combined indie, house and a "west-coast" psychedelic feel, with rhythms at the forefront of the music and instrumentals crossing into the world of dance. In 1989, they played The Empress Ballroom in Blackpool, popularising the new scene and led to the media spotlight falling on "Madchester", containing groups such as Happy Mondays and Inspiral Carpets. Blur were made to put out a record based around the Madchester sound; this was not the band's own sound, however, but their record company's wishes. In the summer of 1993 Oasis signed to Creation Records and began gigging up and down the country, then moving to London once they had an established fan base. This was perfectly timed as the centre of Indie music had moved from Manchester to London due mainly to the influence of Suede. Suede had an image around dark glamour and sexual ambiguity, being declared the leaders of Britpop. This section is where reductive shades into absurd. Blur's second and third albums truly launched Britpop, going to the top of the album charts crossing them to mainstream, this was soon followed by Oasis’ debut, creating a scene encompassing groups from Pulp to Elastica. In August 1995, Blur and Oasis had a sales battle for the number one spot with Blur getting to number one just. However, Oasis’ (What's the Story) Morning Glory? became one of the biggest selling albums of all time, with them being called the "Voice of a generation". They sold out football stadiums and indoor arenas making it hard for them to find venues. In early 1996, they organised a festival at Knebworth for 250,000 people to which one in 20 people in the UK applied for tickets. However, this was as big as Indie music was going to get, as many felt they could no longer be truly called Indie. The Libertines attempted to bring Indie music back down to earth. Like The Smiths before them, their concerts focused around direct interaction between band and audience. They also held spontaneous guerrilla gigs at fans homes and pioneered the use of the internet for bands. However, when Doherty's drug habit spun out of control, creating tension in the band, it eventually lead to their split in 2005. Many new guitar bands have risen to prominence in recent years, such as Franz Ferdinand and Kaiser Chiefs, with some, such as Arctic Monkeys, displaying their influence from the Libertines. The broadcast of the VH1 episode is different from the original broadcast. The discussion of the Smiths is very reduced only mentioning their Top of the Pops performance, the closeness to the Audience and their breakup and not featuring 'Heaven Knows I'm Miserable Now'. There is also no mention of Indie bands from the 1980s other than the Smiths and the Stone Roses. There is no discussion or featuring of Live Forever. The section on Blur is very reduced, only featuring For Tomorrow and Girls and Boys, with almost all the discussion on the latter. Therefore, Blur Vs Oasis is not discussed and "Roll with It" is not featured. Coldplay are the only one of the 'market chasing' bands to feature or be mentioned, although the album covers in Tesco are still shown. The discussion of the Libertines is also curtailed with no mention of the guerilla gigs, the internet, tattoos or Can't Stand Me Now. The Kaiser Chiefs also do not feature. Additional material As well as the TV Series the BBC also produced radioshows and created the website, which contains much additional information. Also a series of short films are available on the website, usually 3–5 minutes long, most of which do not appear on the finished programmes. These are: Blues-based rock The Blues: Discussion on the nature of the blues. Features Charles R. Cross, Keith Richards, Robert Plant and Roger Daltrey. Note:Actually links to 'David Byrne on the Talking Heads', so all that is available is a clip of Cross saying "The Lyrics to the Blues had always been about Sex". When Dylan Went Electric: Discussion of when Dylan went electric and the influence and controversy it caused. Features Charles R. Cross, Barry Miles, David Fricke, Robbie Robertson, Joe Boyd. Tommy: Recollection of the creation of Tommy. Features Roger Daltrey. Guitarists of The Yardbirds: Discussion on the importance of the guitarists of the Yardbirds. Features David Fricke, Mike Vernon, Charles Shaar Murray, Jeff Beck, Jimmy Page and Chris Dreja. The Breakup of Cream: Recollection of how Cream broke up. Features Ginger Baker and Jack Bruce. Art rock Wish You Were Here: Recollection of the creation of "Wish You Were Here". Features Roger Waters and David Gilmour. Ladytron: Recollection of the creation of "Ladytron". Features Andy Mackay, Phil Manzanera and Bryan Ferry. Lindsay Kemp On David Bowie: Recollection of early David Bowie. Features Lindsay Kemp. Shine On You Crazy Diamond: Recollection of Barrett turning up at a Pink Floyd recording after a seven-year absence. Features Richard Wright, Roger Waters, David Gilmour and Nick Mason. Art Schools: Discussion on the importance of Art Schools in the creation of Rock artists and groups. Features Charles Shaar Murray, Barry Miles and Pete Jenner. Punk Talking Heads with David Byrne: Recollection of the early days of Talking Heads and the creation of "Psycho Killer". Features David Byrne. Anarchy in the UK: Recollection on the creation of Anarchy in the U.K.. Featuring John Lydon, Glen Matlock and Jon Savage New Rose: Discussion on the creation of New Rose and its influence. Features Charles Shaar Murray and Brian James CBGBs: Discussion on the importance of CBGBs. Features Bob Gruen, Charles Shaar Murray, Debbie Harry and Richard Hell. New York Dolls: Discussion of the New York Dolls. Features Lenny Kaye, David Johansen, Tommy Ramone and Debbie Harry. Heavy Metal Recording Volume 4, Bel Air, Los Angeles, Summer 1972: Recollection of the hedonistic sessions for Black Sabbath Vol. 4. Features Tony Iommi, Geezer Butler and Bill Ward. Grunge V Metal, 1991: Discussion on how Heavy Metal was influenced by Grunge and its merits. Features Seb Hunter, James Hetfield, Joe Elliott, Vince Neil, Lars Ulrich and Ian Gillan. Number of the Beast: Recollection of the creation of "The Number of the Beast" and the reaction to it. Features Steve Harris and Bruce Dickinson. Living After Midnight; Recording British Steel, Berkshire, England, January 1980: Recollection of the creation of Living After Midnight and the British Steel album. Features Glenn Tipton, K. K. Downing, Rob Halford, Recording Black Night, London, August 1969-January 1970: Recollection of the creation of "Black Night". Features Ian Gillan and Roger Glover. Metallica Supports Ozzy, Master of Puppets tour 1986: Recollection of Metallica supporting Ozzy Osbourne on the Master of Puppets Tour. Features Lars Ulrich, James Hetfield and Geezer Butler. Stadium rock Bruce Springsteen In Concert: Recollection of the E Street Band's experiences with Bruce Springsteen. Features Max Weinberg and Garry Tallent. Kiss in Cadillac: Recollection of when Kiss played a concert in Cadillac, Michigan. Features Gene Simmons, Paul Stanley and Bill Aucoin. Designing For Freddie Mercury: Recollection of designing costumes for Freddie Mercury. Features Zandra Rhodes. The Police - The Early Days: Recollection of the origins of The Police. Features Stewart Copeland and Andy Summers. Sultans Of Swing: Recollection of the creation of "Sultans of Swing". Features Mark Knopfler. Alternative rock The Origins of R.E.M.: Recollection of the formation and beginnings of R.E.M.. Features Mike Mills, Michael Stipe. My Hardcore Punk Rock Youth: Recollection of the early days of Henry Rollins in Black Flag and hardcore. Features Henry Rollins. A Brief History Of The Pixies: Recollection of the history of the Pixies. Features Kim Deal and Charles Thompson. R.E.M. - Secrets of the Studio: Recollection of how R.E.M.'s songs It's the End of the World as We Know It (And I Feel Fine) and Nightswimming were created. Features Scott Litt, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe. Nirvana In Their Own Words: Recollection of Nirvana and Kurt Cobain. Features Dave Grohl and Krist Novoselic. Here Comes Your Man: Recollection of Here Comes Your Man. Features Kim Deal and Charles Thompson. Indie rock Marr on Morrissey: Recollection of Steven Morrissey and Johnny Marr's partnership in the Smiths. Features Johnny Marr Spike Island: Discussion of the Stone Roses gig on Spike Island. Features Mani, John Robb, John Leckie, Noel Gallagher, Paul "Bonehead" Arthurs and Ian Tilton. What Defines Indie?: Discussion of the definition and origins of Indie. Features Stuart Maconie, John Leckie, June 2011, Dave Haslam, Andy Rourke and Alex Kapranos. Suede In Their Own Words: Recollection of Suede. Features Brett Anderson and Bernard Butler. Be Here Now: Recollection Be Here Now. Features Noel Gallagher and Paul "Bonehead" Arthurs. Audio CD On 28 January 2008, an audio CD to accompany the series was released. It contains 19 tracks, 12 of which are featured in the show, 5 different songs by featured artists and 2 by artists who are mentioned but do not feature: "My Generation" - The Who "Sunshine of Your Love" - Cream "I'm Waiting for the Man" - The Velvet Underground "Space Oddity" - David Bowie "Virginia Plain" - Roxy Music "Jet Boy" - New York Dolls "Paranoid" - Black Sabbath "Smoke on the Water" - Deep Purple "Sheena Is a Punk Rocker" - Ramones "New Rose" - The Damned "Hong Kong Garden" - Siouxsie and the Banshees "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" - The Slits "Vertigo" - U2 "In Bloom" - Nirvana "I Am the Resurrection" - The Stone Roses "For Tomorrow" - Blur "Live Forever" - Oasis "Common People" - Pulp "Can't Stand Me Now" - The Libertines Songs featured in the series Dates given are by earliest release. When cited as from an album, charting data is for the album. Recording and release dates are given if released posthumously. Featured artists who are listed only on the BBC website Footnotes External links Category:BBC television documentaries Category:British music television programmes Category:2000s British television series Category:2007 British television series debuts Category:2007 British television series endings Category:Documentary television series about music Category:Rock music television series

Day language Day is an Adamawa language of southern Chad, spoken by 50,000 or so people southeast of Sarh. Ethnologue reports that its dialects are mutually intelligible, but Blench (2004) lists Ndanga, Njira, Yani, Takawa as apparently separate languages. Pierre Nougayrol's publications and field notes of Day from the 1970s constitute almost all of the available materials on the Day language. Güldemann (2018) notes that Day has few morphological and lexical features that are typical of Niger-Congo, and hence cannot be classified with certainty. References Roger Blench, 2004. List of Adamawa languages (ms) Category:Languages of Chad Category:Mbum–Day languages

Doughboy Hollow Doughboy Hollow is the fourth album by Australian rock band Died Pretty. The album, recorded with English producer Hugh Jones, was released in 1991. Described by Ian McFarlane's Encyclopedia of Australian Rock and Pop as "brimming with passionate, dramatic and alluring musical vistas", it took the band into the Top 20 album charts for the first time, peaking at No.19 in September 1991. The album led to three ARIA Award nominations in 1992—Album of the Year for Doughboy Hollow, Independent Single of the Year for "D.C." and Best Video, also for "D.C.". It was also included in the 2010 book 100 Best Australian Albums. Five years later, singer and co-writer Ron Peno said the album remained the band's creative watermark. "Now there's an album that should have done something," he told the Daily Telegraph. "It's a very loved album and I think it was a special record for us. I think it was criminal that it got ignored." Track listing (All songs by Brett Myers and Ron Peno except where noted) "Doused" – 4:10 "D.C." (Ron Peno, Steve Clark) – 4:33 "Sweetheart" – 4:13 "Godbless" (Ron Peno, John Hoey) – 3:31 "Satisfied" – 6:04 "Stop Myself" – 3:34 "Battle of Stanmore" – 2:19 "The Love Song" – 5:00 "Disaster" – 3:54 "Out in the Rain"– 4:21 "Turn Your Head" – 5:19 Personnel Ron Peno — vocals Brett Myers — guitar John Hoey — keyboards Steve Clark — bass Chris Welsh — drums Additional personnel Amanda Brown — violin ("The Love Song," "D.C.," "Battle of Stanmore") Sarah Peet — cello ("The Love Song," "D.C.," "Disaster") Sunil de Silva — percussion References Category:1991 albums Category:Died Pretty albums

Gunton v Richmond upon Thames LBC Gunton v Richmond upon Thames LBC [1980] ICR 755 is a UK labour law case, concerning wrongful dismissal. Facts Richmond upon Thames London Borough Council had a contractual disciplinary procedure and a power to dismiss on one month’s notice. Mr Gunton claimed that, given his dismissal without notice, albeit with one month’s pay, the procedure was not properly followed. Judgment Buckley LJ held Mr Gunton could claim damages for failure to follow the procedure. See also UK labour law Notes References External links Category:United Kingdom labour case law Category:Court of Appeal of England and Wales cases Category:1980 in British law Category:1980 in case law

Karen Dalton (basketball) Karen Dalton (born 2 January 1961) is a former Australian women's basketball player. Biography Dalton played 252 games for the national team between 1983 and 1994. Her tournaments with the Opals include four World Championships - 1983, 1986, 1990 and 1994 - and two Olympic Games; 1984 and 1988. In the domestic Women's National Basketball League (WNBL), Dalton was a 2-time Defensive Player of the Year (1990 & 1993) and played in 375 games. Following her retirement, Dalton went on to become the head coach of the Sydney Flames, a position she has held since 2001. During the 2001–02 season Dalton was named the WNBL Coach of the Year. In 2004, Dalton was assistant coach to the Australian team that won the silver medal at the Athens Olympics tournament. Dalton was inducted into the Australian Basketball Hall of Fame in 2007. Dalton is also a Life Member of the WNBL. See also WNBL Defensive Player of the Year Award References Category:1961 births Category:Living people Category:Australian women's basketball players Category:Commonwealth Games competitors for Australia Category:Olympic basketball players of Australia Category:Basketball players at the 1984 Summer Olympics Category:Basketball players at the 1988 Summer Olympics Category:Basketball players from Sydney

Sasereme Airport Sasereme Airport is an airport in Sasereme, in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea. Airlines and destinations References Category:Airports in Papua New Guinea Category:Western Province (Papua New Guinea)

Soap on a Rope (product) Soap on a Rope is an invention that consists of a bar of molded toilet soap that is attached to a loop of rope through a hole in the soap. The user is meant to place the rope loop over their head or around their wrist to prevent the soap bar from falling to the floor. It was created by the English Leather Company in the late 1940s. References External links Soap-on-a-rope.com Category:Novelty items Category:Cleaning products Category:Year of introduction missing Category:Soaps

1963 Iowa State Cyclones football team The 1963 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University in the Big Eight Conference during the 1963 NCAA University Division football season. In their sixth year under head coach Clay Stapleton, the Cyclones compiled a 4–5 record (3–4 against conference opponents), tied for fourth place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 143 to 129. They played their home games at Clyde Williams Field in Ames, Iowa. The regular starting lineup on offense consisted of left end Randy Kidd, left tackle Norm Taylor, left guard Chuck Steimle, center John Berrington, right guard Tim Brown, right tackle John Van Sicklen, right end Larry Hannahs, quarterback Ken Bunte, halfbacks Ozzie Clay and Dick Limerick, and fullback Tom Vaughn. Dave Hoover was the team captain. The team's statistical leaders included Tom Vaughn with 795 rushing yards, Ken Bunte with 347 passing yards, Dick Limerick with 339 receiving yards and 59 points scored (five touchdowns, five field goals, and 14 extra points). Two Iowa State players were selected as first-team all-conference players: center John Berrington and fullback Tom Vaughn. Schedule References Iowa State Category:Iowa State Cyclones football seasons Iowa State Cyclones football

Józwów Józwów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bychawa, within Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. References Category:Villages in Lublin County

Get Ready (Tomomi Itano album) Get Ready (stylized as Get Ready♡) is the second studio album released by Tomomi Itano. It was released in Japan on King Records on November 2, 2016. It was released in three versions: a limited CD+DVD edition (Type-A), a limited CD+photobook edition (Type-B), and a regular CD edition. It included title tracks from all six of Tomomi Itano's CD singles (from the sixth single "Come Party!" to the eighth single "Hide & Seek") and four new songs. Track listing Notes Source: Limited edition Type B includes a photo book. Charts Weekly charts Daily charts Sales Total reported sales: 9,502 References Category:King Records (Japan) albums Category:2016 albums Category:Japanese-language albums

Shchetinovka Shchetinovka () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Shchetinovskoye Rural Settlement, Belgorodsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 906 as of 2010. There are 13 streets. References Category:Rural localities in Belgorod Oblast

Paul Nogier Paul Nogier (1908-1996) or Dr. Paul Nogier, was a French neurologist and physician who is considered the "Father of modern auriculotherapy", a version of acupuncture, an alternative medicine practice. Nogier's Discoveries Auriculotherapy In 1957, Dr. Paul Nogier first presented his observations of the somatotopic correspondences of the ear, in which the external ear anatomically corresponds to an inverted fetus--the homunculus. Nogier's pulse Nogier also reported that there was a change in the amplitude and dimension of the patient's radial pulse when certain points on the auricle were stimulated. He called this the Nogier's pulse or Vascular Automonic Sign (VAS). Nogier's frequencies In the 1970s, Nogier developed seven frequencies A through G which he routinely used in medical practice for detection and treatment. In his practice, these frequencies are preferentially recognized by the body, so they enter into resonance to exert effects on the body. See also Auriculotherapy References Category:French neurologists Category:1908 births Category:1996 deaths

José Marrone José Carlos Marrone (25 October 1915 in Buenos Aires – 27 June 1990 in Buenos Aires) was an Argentine actor and humorist. His beginning was in vaudeville theaters and the radio; afterwards he hosted several children-oriented TV shows, such as "El Circo de Marrone" (Marrone's Circus), playing the clown character Pepitito. His recurring catchphrase was Cheee! He married twice and had his daughter "Coqui", with his first wife, Rosa. While still married, Marrone fell in love with Juanita Martínez, but they waited to get together until Rosa died. In 2001, eleven years after Marrone's death, Juanita committed suicide, and her body was found with a picture of Marrone in her hands. "Pepitito" Jose Marrone was one of the most outstanding comedians in Argentina between the early 1950s and the late 1960s. Filmography Su última pelea (1949) La barra de la esquina (1950) Buenos Aires, mi tierra querida (1951) Vida nocturna]] (1955) Rebelde con causa (1961) Cristóbal Colón en la Facultad de Medicina (1962) El mago de las finanzas (1962) La chacota (1962) El turista (1963) Alias Flequillo (1963) De profesión sospechosos (1966) La cigarra está que arde (1967), released in English as La Cigarra is on fire. Patapúfete (1967) Pimienta y Pimentón (1970), released in English as Pepper and Red Pepper Balada para un mochilero (1971) Todos los pecados del mundo (1972) Sujeto volador no identificado (1980) Una viuda descocada (1980) External links Category:1915 births Category:1990 deaths Category:Argentine clowns Category:Male actors from Buenos Aires Category:20th-century Argentine male actors

Married Accommodation Project Consequent to the promise made to the Indian Armed Forces by the Government of India, the Married Accommodation Project, or MAP, was begun to construct married accommodation for the three services, with a view to remove over a period of time the complete deficiency of married accommodation for service personnel of the Indian Armed Forces. A separate Directorate General Married Accommodation Project(DG MAP) was raised on 31 May 2002 by the Government of India under the aegis of Engineer-in-Chief for this purpose, subsequent to the Prime Minister of India's announcement on 15 Aug 2001. With a mandate to construct 200,000 dwelling units, it is one of the largest construction endeavors in the world. See also Indian Army Corps of Engineers External links DG MAP official site Category:2002 establishments in India Category:Military of India Category:Executive branch of the Indian government Category:Housing in India

Thomas Chapin Thomas Chapin (March 9, 1957 – February 13, 1998) was an American composer and saxophonist/multi-instrumentalist. Though primarily an alto saxophonist, he also played sopranino, as well as soprano, tenor, baritone saxes and flute. Many of his recordings as a leader featured his trio with drummer Michael Sarin and bassist Mario Pavone, occasionally joined by guests. Chapin studied with Jackie McLean and Paul Jeffrey. He played with Lionel Hampton. Chapin died of leukemia three weeks before his 41st birthday. He last played two weeks before his death, at a benefit concert. Biography Alto saxophonist and flautist, Thomas Chapin was born on March 9, 1957 in Manchester, Connecticut. He attended Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts where he studied classical music and jazz. He began his serious studies in the late 1970s, attending the Hartt School of Music at the University of Hartford in Connecticut, studying with saxophonist Jackie McLean. In 1980 he graduated from Rutgers University where he studied with saxophonist Paul Jeffrey, pianist Kenny Barron and guitarist Ted Dunbar. From 1981 to 1986 he toured with the jazz grand master Lionel Hampton as lead saxophonist and musical director of the band. He also performed with Chico Hamilton's band from 1988 to 1989. In the late 1980s he formed his own groups, of quartets, quintets, and a group and album devoted to Brazilian music, Spirits Rebellious (Alacra), as well as founding Machine Gun, a free-funk-free-jazz-rock band with guitarist/producer/engineer Robert Musso. But most notably, forming what became his signature group, a trio with bassist Mario Pavone and drummers Steve Johns and later, Michael Sarin. For nearly ten years Chapin pursued his own music, working with the Thomas Chapin Trio at festivals and clubs around the world, including milestone Trio career performances at the Madarao Jazz Festival (Japan) in 1994, where he also played with Betty Carter, and at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1995. He also arranged larger groups (Trio with Brass, "Insomnia" and Trio with Strings, "Haywire"). And he spent a good deal of his time working with the more important names in various factions of jazz. He performed with Ray Drummond, Anthony Braxton, Tom Harrell, Sonny Sharrock, John Zorn, Walter Thompson, Dave Douglas, Marty Ehrlich, Ned Rothenberg and many more. Over his career he recorded more than fifteen albums under his name alone, including Sky Piece and Night Bird Song, the last releases with his trio and several more straight-ahead albums, including with quartet/quintet groups in I've Got Your Number and You Don't Know Me on Arabesque Records. Thomas Chapin died of leukemia in 1998 at age forty. The New York Times called him "one of the more exuberant saxophonists and bandleaders in jazz" and "one of the few musicians to exist in both the worlds of the 'downtown' experimentalist scene, and mainstream jazz." He is survived by his wife, Terri Castillo Chapin, whom he married on October 15, 1997, after ten years together, in New York Hospital while being treated. He died four months later. Discography As leader and co-leader Note: Box set collects all seven previous Knitting Factory Works releases by Chapin Trio. The eighth disc, Live! On Tour UC Davis (1992), only appeared in this box set As sideman Corina Bartra, Art Labriola, Santi Debriano, Steve Berrios, Fred Berrihill : Travel Log (Blue Spiral 81962; US) recorded circa 1988, released 1991 – CD Michael Blake with David Tronzo, Steven Bernstein, Tony Scherr et al. : Kingdom of Champa (Intuition 3189; Germany) recorded 1996, released 1997 – CD Anthony Braxton, Mario Pavone Quintet, Dave Douglas, Pheeroan akLaff : Seven Standards 1995 (KnitWorks 168; US) recorded and released 1995 – CD John Carter with Bobby Bradford, Marty Ehrlich, Don Preston, Fred Hopkins, Andrew Cyrille, Frank London et al. : Shadows on a Wall: Roots & Folklore V (Gramavision 79422; US) recorded and released 1989 – CD, LP Armen Donelian, Calvin Hill, Jeff Williams : Quartet Language: Live at Visiones 1992 (Playscape 50292; US) released 2003 – CD Ray Drummond: Continuum (Arabesque 111; US) recorded and released 1994 – CD Vernon Frazer, Mario Pavone, Joe Fonda : Sex Queen of the Berlin Turnpike (Woodcrest; US) released 1986? – LP Vernon Frazer : Song of Baobab (VFCI 01; US) released 1997 – CD Kiyoto Fujiwara, Kenny Garrett, Peter Madsen et al. :60 Miles High (TDK; Japan) released 1993 – CD Lionel Hampton & His Orchestra, Alan Simon : Sentimental Journey (Atlantic; US) released 1986 – CD Lionel Hampton & His Orchestra : One of a Kind (Glad Hamp; US) released 1989 – CD Lionel Hampton & His Orchestra : Ambassador at Large (Glad Hamp 1024; US) recorded at Aurex Festival 1981, released 1990 – CD Lionel Hampton & His Orchestra : Made in Japan (Glad Hamp 1023; US) released 1990 – CD Lionel Hampton Big Band : Air Mail Special (1991) (ITM 920002; Germany) released 1991 – CD Lionel Hampton Big Band with Paul Jeffrey, Thomas Chapin : The Lionel Hampton Big Band (West Wind 2404; Germany) recorded 1983 – CD Andy Jaffe with Bill Lowe, John Clark, Peter McEachern, Michael Marcus et al. : An Imperfect Storm: The Large Ensemble Compositions of Andy Jaffe (MMC 2132; US) Chapin only on the six cuts by Bill Lowe–Andy Jaffe Repertory Big Band; recorded 1991–2002, released 2004 – CD reissued as.. Andy Jaffe: An Imperfect Storm: The Large Ensemble Compositions of Andy Jaffe (Big Round 8907; US) released 2010 – CD Misako Kano Quartet, Kiyoto Fujiwara, Matt Wilson : Watch Out (KnitWorks 219; US) recorded 1996; released 1998 – CD Misako Kano Quartet, Ron McLure, Jeff Williams : Breakthrew (Jazz Focus 27; Canada) recorded 1996; released 1998 – CD David Lahm Quartet : The Muscle Memory Hoedown (Generation 203; US) recorded 1990, released 1992 – CD David Lahm with Randy Brecker, Mark Feldman, Skuli Sverrisson et al. : Jazz Takes on Joni Mitchell (Arkadia Jazz 71011; US) recorded 1993–1995, released 1998 – CD Frank London, Matt Dariau, David Fiuczynski et al. : Scientist at Work (self released; US) released 1999 –CD later revised with additional players (John Zorn, Mark Feldman, Jamie Saft, David Licht) added and issued as.. Frank London: Scientist at Work (Redux) (Tzadik 7167; US) released 2002 – CD John McCracken & Outloud, Charles Baldwin, Abe Speller : Blood from a Tone (MuWorks 1010; US) recorded 1991, released 1992 – CD, LP, CS Peter McEachern Quintet : Shockwave (PMC; US) recorded 1994, released 2011 – CD Medeski Martin & Wood, Steven Bernstein et al. : Notes from the Underground (Hap–Jones 2921; US) recorded 1991, released 1992 – CD reissued with bonus cut as.. Medeski Martin & Wood : Notes from the Underground (Accurate, 5010; US) released 2000 – CD still later reissued as.. Medeski Martin & Wood : Notes from the Underground (Amulet 016; US) same bonus cut as above, released 2004 – CD Michael Musillami, Kent Hewitt, Nat Reeves, Steve Johns : The Young Child (Stash 556; US) recorded 1990, released 1992 – CD reissued retitled as.. Michael Musillami : Archives (Playscape 120990; US) re–released 2000 – CD Michael Musillami, Randy Brecker, Ray Drummond, Kent Hewitt, Steve Johns : Glass Art (Evidence, 22060; US) recorded 1992, released 1993 – CD reissued retitled as.. Michael Musillami: Mar's Bar (Playscape 120192; US) re–released 2000 – CD Michael Musillami, Claudio Roditi, Kent Hewitt, Charles 'Chip' Jackson, Steve Johns : Groove Teacher (Playscape 120694; US) recorded 1994, released 1999 – CD Robert Musso with Bill Laswell, Aiyb Dieng, Jonas Hellborg, Bernie Worrell et al. : Active Resonance (MuWorks 1008; US) recorded and released 1992 – CD, LP, CS Mario Pavone, Marty Ehrlich, Pheeroan akLaff et al. : Sharpeville (Alacra 1012; US) recorded 1985, released 1989 – LP reissued as: Mario Pavone, Marty Ehrlich, Pheeroan akLaff et al. : Sharpeville (Playscape 90885; US) released 2000 – CD Mario Pavone, Marty Ehrlich, Joshua Redman et al. : Toulon Days (New World 80420; US) recorded 1991, released 1992 – CD Mario Pavone, Peter McEachern, Bill Ware, Peter Madsen, Steve Johns : Song For (Septet) (New World 80452; US) recorded and released 1993 – CD Mario Pavone, Marty Ehrlich et al. : Dancers Tales (KnitWorks 205; US) recorded 1996, released 1997 – CD Ned Rothenberg Double Band, Jerome Harris, Kermit Driscoll, Billy Martin, Adam Rudolph : Overlays Moers 2074; Germany) recorded and released 1991 – CD Ned Rothenberg Double Band, Jerome Harris, Chris Wood, Billy Martin, Jim Black : Real and Imagined Time (Moers 3006; Germany) recorded 1993, released 1995 – CD Ned Rothenberg Double Band, Jerome Harris, Tony Scherr, Michael Sarin, Samm Bennett : Parting (Moers 3012; Germany) recorded 1996, released 2004 – CD The Rutgers U Livingston College Jazz Ensemble with Clifford Jordan, Thomas Chapin et al. : Music of the Masters (Rutgers University; US) recorded 1981 – LP Daniel Schnyder, Michael Philip Mossman, John Clark, Dave Taylor, Jim Pugh, Andy McKee, Bobby Sanabria : Tarantula (Enja 9302; Germany) recorded 1996, released 1997 – CD Alan Simon, Ernie Krivda, Pat O'Leary, Tom Melito et al. : The Present (Whispering Pines 120649; US) recorded 1986, released 2005 – CD Walter Thompson Orchestra Featuring Dave Douglas, Herb Robertson, Joe Fonda, Frank London, Steve Swell, Steven Bernstein et al. : The Colonel: Compositions & Sound Paintings (Nine Winds 205; US) recorded 1995, released 1998 – CD Under Cover Collection Band (Tom Cora, Samm Bennett, Burkhard Stangl, Max Nagl) : HorFest (Knitworks 165; US) recorded 1994, released 1995 – CD Ken Valitsky, Michael Brandson, John Thompson, Vincent Tese : Species Compatibility (KnitWorks 135; US) recorded and released 1993 – CD Vandoorn (Ineke van Doorn, Marc van Vugt) + Thomas Chapin: President for Life (VIA, PIAS; Belgium) released 1996 – CD Tom Varner with Frank London, Steve Swell, Rich Rothenberg, Ed Jackson, Lindsey Horner, Phil Haynes : Long Night Big Day (New World 80410; US) recorded 1990, released 1991 – CD, CS Axel Zwingenberger with Lionel Hampton, Illinois Jacquet, Ricky Ford et al. : The Boogie Woogie Album (Vagabond 044675, 8.88008; Germany) recorded 1982, released 1992 – CD As guest Monie Love (Simone Wilson) : Down to Earth uncredited saxophones on track "Monie in the Middle" (Warner Bros.; US) released 1990 – CD Barbara Dennerlein: Junkanoo (Verve; US) recorded and released 1996 – CD Pamela Fleming : Fearless Dreamer (Infinite Room; US) released 1998 – CD Various artists Aurex Jazz Festival '81 (V.A.) : All Star Jam Session (Eastworld 80208; Japan) released 1982 – LP Real Estate (V.A. curated by Elliott Sharp) : New Music From New York (Ear–Rational 1015; Germany) recorded 1989, released 1990 – CD Live at The Knitting Factory (V.A.) : Volume Three (KnitWorks 99/A&M 5299; US) Chapin Trio recorded 1989; released 1990 – CD Live at The Knitting Factory (V.A.) : Volume Four (KnitWorks 100/A&M 5332; US) recorded and released 1990 – CD Knitting Factory (V.A.) : What Is Jazz?: Festival Sampler 1991 (Knitworks 109; US) released 1991 – CD Knitting Factory (V.A.) : Goes to Vassar: Live at the Villard Room and the Cafe (KnitWorks 121 A; US) two cuts taken from Third Force, released 1992 – CD Knitting Factory (V.A) : Tours Europe 1991 (KnitWorks 105; US) Chapin Trio recorded 1991, released 1991 – CD The Rainbow Colored Lotus (V.A.) : A Big Hand for Hanshin (Polydor; Japan) released 1995 – 2–CD set Knitting Factory (V.A.) : What Is Jazz?: Live at Heineken Jazz Festival 1996 (Knitworks 195; US) Pavone sextet cut, and Chapin Trio cut, recorded and released 1996 – CD (Discography compiled by Emanuel Maris) Books Thomas Chapin. Ten Compositions (sheet music book of original copositions) (Peace Park Publishing/Akasha; US) Documentaries Music Man: Thomas Chapin directed by Terri Castillo, 1989 directed by Terri Castillo, 1991 with features of the Thomas Chapin Trio directed by Richard Buxenbaum for Festival Productions, 1995 directed by Stephanie J. Castillo, 2004 Night Bird Song: The Thomas Chapin Story directed by Stephanie J. Castillo, released in 2016, winner "Best Story" Award, 2016 Nice (France) International Film Festival; shown at Monterey (CA) Jazz Fest, Sept., 2016 References External links Thomas Chapin official site Thomas Chapin Film site Jazz Archive at Duke University Thomas Chapin Papers. Rubenstein Library, Duke University "The Thomas Chapin Era", Jazz Halo, July 2016 Category:Avant-garde jazz musicians Category:Phillips Academy alumni Category:1957 births Category:Jazz alto saxophonists Category:Deaths from leukemia Category:Arabesque Records artists Category:1998 deaths Category:Rutgers University alumni Category:20th-century saxophonists Category:Machine Gun (band) members Category:Knitting Factory Records artists

Alexandria Ariana The first of many Alexandrias in the Far East of the Macedonian Empire, Alexandria in Ariana was a city in what is now Afghanistan, one of the twenty-plus cities founded or renamed by Alexander the Great. The third largest Afghan city, Herat, is the city's modern name. In 330 BC, the Greek armies of Alexander moved the capital of the satrapy of Aria from Artacoana to the new site. In doing this, he expanded an existing Persian fortress. The location of this town is difficult to determine due to the sparsity of ancient sources. However: Ptolemy places it near lake Arius possibly on the west side of lake Zerra at a town called Corra. Pliny says it was on the Arias River at the location of modern Herat. Eratosthenes states that Alexandria Arion is 3870 Stadia from Bactra and 6400 Stadia from the Caspian Gates. Mannert takes the Arius River to be the modern Hari river making the site the village of Pilki. Alexandria in Ariana is listed on the Parthian Stations Itinerarium and is also shown on the Tabula Peutingeriana. See also List of cities founded by Alexander the Great References External links Category:Cities founded by Alexander the Great Category:Populated places established in the 4th century BC Category:330s BC establishments Category:Former populated places in Afghanistan Category:Populated places along the Silk Road Category:Cities in Central Asia Category:History of Herat

1950 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team The 1950 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team was the representative of the University of Nebraska and member of the Big 7 Conference in the 1950 college football season. The team was coached by Bill Glassford and played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lincoln, Nebraska. Before the season After the dark decade of the 1940s, where the Cornhusker program found only one winning season, second-year head coach Glassford had arrived and brought a faint hope to the Cornhusker faithful by fielding a 1949 team that appeared competitive. As coach Glassford settled in for his second year, he increased the coaching staff from seven to nine personnel, and the new decade opened with hopes that Nebraska could once again take its place among the best of the college football programs in the United States. On April 8, 1950, Nebraska held its first ever Spring Game scrimmage (later known as the Red-White Game) against a team of Nebraska alumni players (supplemented by a handful of varsity members). The two teams played to a 13–13 tie. Schedule Roster Bob Tritsch- Student Manager 1948–1951, Senior Student Manager 1950–51 Coaching staff Game summaries Indiana Nebraska put a stop to Indiana's seven-game winning streak against the Cornhuskers by bringing a strong performance to the opening game of the season. The Hoosiers escaped a defeat only by a handful of fumbles lost by Cornhusker miscues. It was the first time since 1938 that Nebraska had fought a contest to a tie, a 0–0 scoreless affair which also happened to be against Indiana. The Cornhuskers pulled up to 3–7–3 against Indiana to date. Minnesota Encouraged by the strong showing the week prior against the Hoosiers, Nebraska traveled to Minneapolis and refused to be intimidated by the Golden Gophers. By the time Minnesota managed to score, Nebraska was already enjoying a 26–0 lead and had the Gophers on their heels. Minnesota's adjustments after halftime brought some results, but not enough for them to escape the rare home field defeat. Minnesota's ten-game winning streak against Nebraska was snapped at last, and the Cornhuskers reveled in their first win in Minneapolis since a 6–0 decision against the Gophers dating back to 1902. Nebraska now stood at 5–25–2 in the series and had much ground to cover if they ever hoped to catch up, but the momentous win was cause to celebrate. Perhaps Nebraska was finally on the way back. Colorado Fresh from their triumph in Minneapolis, the Cornhuskers arrived in Boulder looking for another win to establish the return of the program to greatness. Colorado would have none of that, however, and dealt the uninspired Nebraska squad its first loss of the season to move to 3–6–3 in the series. Penn State Nebraska bounced back from the flat performance of the week before, and was firing on all cylinders when Penn State arrived in Lincoln for the first time ever in the third meeting of these teams. Cornhusker HB Bobby Reynolds accounted for more personal yards on the day then the entire Nittany Lion team, and the Nebraska defense held strong to prevent Penn State from ever finding the scoreboard, securing the first Nebraska win in the series. So far, except for the aberration in Boulder, the season had opened with exceptional success as the Cornhuskers were undefeated against three powerhouse teams, two of which were longtime rivals. Kansas The Cornhuskers continued to build on the season's rising tide of successes by defeating the Jayhawks in Lawrence, snapping their three-game skid against Kansas. Nebraska was now 41–12–3 against the Jayhawks all-time. Missouri The 1950 homecoming game was attended by former Cornhusker football players who had battled in the 1941 Rose Bowl ten seasons prior, and the new decade's version of the Cornhuskers did not disappoint. For the first time since 1945, Nebraska pulled in a homecoming victory, in an offensive shootout that amassed over 1,000 combined offensive yards by both teams. The defeat of Missouri ended a five-game Tiger winning streak, and put Nebraska ahead in the series at 25–15–3. Kansas State Kansas State found itself in the path of a rolling Cornhusker squad that was listed in the AP Poll for the first time since 1941, and was unable to get out of the way as the Cornhuskers hung 49 points on the scoreboard before the final whistle, which was the most points scored in a single game by Nebraska since a 53–0 blanking of lowly South Dakota in 1945. Nebraska had now defeated the Wildcats in eight straight meetings and continued to lead the series at 28–4–2. Iowa State Apparently the voters in the AP Poll were not adequately impressed with Nebraska's win over downtrodden Kansas State the previous week, as the Cornhuskers actually fell two spots in the poll before facing Iowa State in Lincoln. A single touchdown proved to be the difference in the game, as the Cyclones fought a fairly close game, holding Nebraska to under 30 points for the first time in four games. The Cornhuskers increased their commanding series lead to 35–8–1. Oklahoma Nebraska faced its stiffest test of the season when the Cornhuskers traveled to Norman to close the regular season, as the Sooners held a record seven-game winning streak over Nebraska and was the #1 ranked team in the AP Poll going into the game. Nebraska fought in front of a substantial crowd, managing to put up 35 points against the number one team in the land on their own turf, but Oklahoma romped over the Cornhusker defenses and racked up 49 points of their own to finish the season on top of the conference and the nation. Nebraska's record single-team losing streak, held by Oklahoma, was extended to eight games. The Sooners finished the season undefeated at 9–0–0, and closed the series record gap between the squads to 10–16–3. After the season Coach Glassford's second season was a resounding success, as Nebraska end its brutal nine-season losing skid, and notched high-profile wins against Penn State and Minnesota in the process. The season-ending loss to national champion Oklahoma could be tolerated, leaving just the one letdown loss to Colorado to truly mar the season, though the positive turnaround of fortunes was so dramatic that few would complain. Nebraska ended the season ranked in the AP Poll for the first time in ten years. Coach Glassford's conference record improved to 7–5–0 (.583), as his overall record climbed to 10–7–1 (.583). The Cornhusker football program's overall record improved to 326–155–32 (.667), though the conference record declined slightly to 127–42–11 (.736). Future NFL and other professional league players Nick Adduci, Washington Redskins Ed Husmann, 1953 9th-round pick of the Chicago Cardinals Bobby Reynolds, 1953 7th-round pick of the Los Angeles Rams References Nebraska Category:Nebraska Cornhuskers football seasons Cornhuskers

Sheraton Skyline Hotel at London Heathrow Sheraton Skyline Hotel at London Heathrow is a 4-star hotel in London, England. It is located at Bath Road in Hayes Middlesex, near Heathrow Airport. The hotel, built in 1971, is operated by the Sheraton hotel group and has 350 rooms. The hotel was purchased in 2015 by Qatar Airways, the first such hotel to be branded under the airline's Oryx brand. History The hotel opened for business on 1 October 1971 with a single room price of £6 and double-rooms priced at £9. That same year the hotel formed part of a group called the London Heathrow Conference Service with most of the major hotels in the area, to specifically target business travelers and "become the business meeting centre of Europe". The Skyline Hotel, along with Skyline Park Tower in Knightsbridge were developed by Capital & Counties. Skyline sold them to both to a Sheraton subsidiary for a combined £4 million in 1977. From the outset the hotel became known for hosting numerous international business conferences. On 9 March 1977, the "Transport of hazardous cargoes by air" conference was held at the hotel. During the 1970s, entertainment at the hotel included Diamond Lil's Wild West Cabaret, which ran up to six nights a week, and the house band The Banjo Boys. In 1980 the Turkish Cypriot business community met at the hotel to discuss trade and investment between Turkey and the UK. In 1981, John Rotter was appointed controller of the Sheraton Management Corporation and controller of the Sheraton Skyline Hotel. In 1988, Swedish property development consortium Reinhold Int bought the hotel for nearly £40 million. At the end of 1996, the hotel completed the Department of National Heritage's certification in the Investors in People Program, which rates the performance of employers in the hospitality industry. The certification marks employers who have high training and incentive programs for employees in one of Britain's fasted-growing employment sectors. The Sheraton Skyline was one of the venues for the first four days of the Congress in London, held between 4 and 11 July 1997. For a period it was known as the Sheraton Skyline Hotel and Conference Centre. In May 2002, hundreds of people were evacuated from the hotel by fire services, after it was reported that guests could smell ammonia. In early November 2007 there was a hit-and-run incident at the hotel when Detective Constable Cathy Corbett, 39, was rundown by a blue Peugeot 207, suffering serious head injuries. The hotel was purchased in 2015 by Qatar Airways, the first such hotel to be branded under the airline's Oryx brand. Architecture and facilities The Sheraton Skyline was built in 1971 by Curtis and Davies and designed by Ronald Fielding. The hotel is noted for its "atrium design". The hotel features 350 rooms. The hotel has several restaurants including Madhu's Heathrow, Sports Bar & Grill and the Sky Bar, which serves cocktails. The menu at Madhu's Heathrow features Punjabi cuisine, based on recipes from the original Madhu Indian Restaurant, located in Southall, West London. It is the first branch of the 33-year-old establishment. It previously had a Mediterranean restaurant called The Garden, which overlooked the hotel's swimming pool. A 1983 article in The Law Society's Gazette stated: "An earthly paradise appears in the shape of the Sheraton Skyline Hotel at Heathrow, where the chef, Uwe Zander, has a fantastic number of awards". References External links Official site Category:Hotels in London Category:Hotels established in 1971 Category:1971 establishments in England Category:Buildings and structures at Heathrow Airport Category:Qatar Airways Category:Sheraton hotels

Juan N. Silva Meza Juan Nepomuceno Silva Meza (born 13 September 1944 in Mexico City), son of the writer Juan Silva Vega and professor Ana María Meza de Silva, is a Mexican jurist. He served as an Associate Justice (ministro) of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation since 26 January 1995, having previously served extensively elsewhere in the judiciary, including the Federal Electoral Tribunal. On 3 January 2011, he was elected Chief Justice for a term that ended on 31 December 2014. He earned his law degree at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). He was nominated to the Supreme Court by President Ernesto Zedillo in December 1994 and ratified by the Senate in January 1995. He is considered to belong to the Court's liberal wing. Silva was Chief Justice of Mexico's Supreme Court of Justice when the court received a United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights for 2013. In January 2016 he joined the Faculty of Law of UNAM. Publications References External links Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación Web pages of the Supreme Court of Mexico Mexico Court Orders 22 Tied to '97 Killings Freed New York Times August 12, 2009 Mexican Court Finds No Violation of Rights in Jailing of Journalist New York Times November 30, 2007 On the Mexican Supreme Court of Justice Ruling on the Halcones Case translation of article by Manuel Becerra Ramirez, Mexican Law Review, number 8, July–December 2007 Category:1944 births Category:Living people Category:Mexican lawyers Category:Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation justices Category:People from Mexico City Category:National Autonomous University of Mexico alumni Category:Election people Category:Presidents of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation

LeChee, Arizona LeChee () is a census-designated place (CDP) in Coconino County, Arizona, United States. The population was 1,443 at the 2010 census. Geography LeChee is located at (36.873975, -111.437971). It lies in the northwest corner of the Navajo Nation adjacent to the southeast side of the non-reservation city of Page. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all of it land. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 1,606 people, 332 households, and 310 families living in the CDP. The population density was 94.8 people per square mile (36.6/km²). There were 386 housing units at an average density of 22.8/sq mi (8.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.38% Native American, 0.75% (or 12 people) White, and 0.87% (or 14 people) from two or more races. Fifteen members (or 0.93%) of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 332 households out of which 74.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.7% were married couples living together, 23.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 6.6% were non-families. 6.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 1.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.84 and the average family size was 4.95. In the CDP, the age distribution of the population shows 49.9% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 10.6% from 45 to 64, and 2.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 18 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.3 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $48,375, and the median income for a family was $42,212. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $27,188 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $10,378. About 16.2% of families and 15.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.5% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over. Education LeChee is served by the Page Unified School District. Notable people Nicco Montaño (born 1988), mixed martial artist References Category:Census-designated places in Coconino County, Arizona Category:Populated places on the Navajo Nation Category:Census-designated places in Arizona

Ventôse Decrees The Ventôse Decrees were decrees proposed on February 26 and March 3, 1794 (8 and 13 Ventôse, An II in the French Republican Calendar) by the French revolutionary leader Louis de Saint-Just. Saint-Just proposed to confiscate the property of exiles and opponents of the Revolution, and redistribute it to the needy. Saint-Just and other radicals argued that the enemies of the revolution had forfeited their civil rights, including the right to own property. Robespierre supported the Decrees in theory, but realized that he lacked the support to implement them, and efforts to enforce the Decrees ended within a few months. External links David Andress, ''The Terror:The Merciless War for Freedom in Revolutionary France (2005), p. 302, Google Books excerpt Miguel A. Faria, "Bastille Day and the French Revolution" (2004) Asta Maskaliunaite, "Social ideas of Louis Antoine Saint Just", Sociumas magazine (1998) Encyclopædia Britannica entry (subscription required for full entry) Category:1794 events of the French Revolution Category:Decrees

Charles H. Elston Charles Henry Elston (August 1, 1891 – September 25, 1980) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio. Born in Marietta, Washington County, Ohio, Elston attended the public schools of Marietta and Cincinnati, Ohio. Y.M.C.A. Law School (now known as NKU Chase College of Law), Cincinnati, LL.B., 1914. He was admitted to the bar the same year and commenced practice in Cincinnati, Ohio. He served as assistant prosecuting attorney of Hamilton County, Ohio from 1915 to 1922. He served as member of the faculty of the Y.M.C.A. Law school from 1916 to 1936. During the First World War, he served as an aviation cadet in the aviation service of the United States Army. He also served as a member of the Hamilton County Charter Commission. Elston was co-counsel in the George Remus murder trial, because he'd gained a reputation after getting another bootlegger, George "Fat" Wrassman, acquitted of murder. Elston was elected as a Republican to the Seventy-sixth and to the six succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1953). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1952. He resumed the practice of law in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was a resident of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where he died September 25, 1980. He was interred in Lauderdale Memorial Gardens, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. References External links Category:1891 births Category:1980 deaths Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio Category:Politicians from Cincinnati Category:Ohio lawyers Category:Politicians from Marietta, Ohio Category:Salmon P. Chase College of Law alumni Category:United States Army personnel Category:Ohio Republicans Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives Category:20th-century American politicians

Systematic Compilation of Federal Legislation The Systematic Compilation of Federal Legislation (, SR; , RS; , RS) is the official compilation of all Swiss federal laws, ordinances, international and intercantonal treaties that are in force. However, some very voluminous parts of laws, such as the customs code, are not published in their entirety, but only by way of reference; they are usually made available on the websites of the government agencies responsible. In the SR/RS, the acts are published in a consolidated form, that is, the text is updated to reflect any amendment that enters into force through publication in the Official Compilation of Federal Legislation (AS/RO/RU). By itself, publication in the SR/RS does not confer force of law. The legally binding text is that of the individual acts published in the AS/RO/RU. It is issued in the three official languages of Switzerland: German, French and Italian. All three language editions are equally valid. It is published by the Federal Chancellery of Switzerland in the form of weekly supplements to loose leaf binders. Since 1999, they are also made available on the Internet in PDF and HTML formats. See also Law of Switzerland Official Compilation of Federal Legislation Federal Gazette United States Code Code of Federal Regulations References External links Classified compilation Systematische Rechtssammlung Recueil systématique Raccolta sistematica Category:Swiss law Switzerland Systematic Collection of Federal Law

Utricularia adpressa Utricularia adpressa is a small, probably annual, carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. It is endemic to Central and South America and is found in Belize, Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad, and Venezuela. It was also said to be collected from Colombia by Alvaro Fernández-Pérez, but those specimens are actually U. chiribiquitensis. U. adpressa grows as a terrestrial plant in wet sandy savannas at altitudes from near sea level to . It was originally named by Philipp Salzmann but formally described and published by Augustin Saint-Hilaire and Frédéric de Girard in 1838. See also List of Utricularia species References Category:Carnivorous plants of Central America Category:Carnivorous plants of South America Category:Flora of Belize Category:Flora of Brazil Category:Flora of French Guiana Category:Flora of Guyana Category:Flora of Suriname Category:Flora of Trinidad and Tobago Category:Flora of Venezuela adpressa

Manny Puig Manny "Sharkman" Puig (born 25 January 1954) is an American wildlife entertainer who is known for his direct approach when dealing with dangerous animals such as sharks, black bears and American alligators. He has made frequent appearances on the television shows Jackass and Wildboyz and also on the Animal Planet show Gator Boys. He was also known for hosting Outdoor Channel's "Savage Wild". Manny Puig has appeared in countless documentaries as an animal expert and even appeared on Late Night with Conan O'Brien and on Shark Week. Early life Manny Puig was born in Cuba and immigrated to Florida with his mother, where he became interested in wildlife. Living so close to the Florida Keys only increased his interest in animals and his love for learning about wildlife only skyrocketed. In his youth, Puig traveled into the Everglades with only a frying pan and a shotgun. He learned to hunt deer at an early age and started hand-catching small American alligators underwater in his teens. Career In the late 1990s, Puig worked with Mehgan Heaney-Grier and Mark Rackley, both in training Grier as a free diver and in filming underwater encounters with animals such as alligators and sharks. Rackley worked as a spearfisherman and underwater videographer. Puig had experience as an animal handler on movie sets and had learned how to ride and handle alligators in their environment. The trio formed a company named Extreme Encounters. Puig advocates a basic approach to wildlife and denounces the use of safety gear such as cages, protective clothing and diving apparatus. He states that he has a great respect for the Native Americans because of their interaction with the land and their survival skills. His interests also include history, art and geography documentaries. He spends his free time working on sculpting, hand-crafting medieval weapons and hunting tools. Puig has appeared on the television program Jackass, in Jackass The Movie, Jackass Number Two, and Jackass 3D. In these projects, he is credited as an expert on predatory animals. One of Puig's stunts is featured in the second film, where he dives with Steve-O around hammerhead and other dangerous sharks. Steve-O recalled the segment in his autobiography, stating: "The following day, Pontius and I were scheduled to swim with great hammerhead sharks, accompanied by Manny....with the butt piercing wound still fresh, swimming with sharks might not have been very smart, but Manny wasn't worried about it....In retrospect, the fact that Manny was the arbiter of what was safe and reasonable is hilarious. He hatched and okayed plenty of ideas that were clearly not okay. So you knew if he said no to something, that meant "FUCK NO!" As it happened, Manny had no problem sending us swimming with great hammerheads." Puig is also featured on the MTV program Wildboyz, where he resumes the role of a predatory-animal expert. Some of Puig's stunts on Wildboyz include having a snapping turtle lock onto his hand. According to Chris Pontius on the special features of one of the Wildboyz DVDs, he heard Puig scream for the first time in his life when he had the snapping turtle bite his hand in the Deep South, United States. After finishing the second Jackass movie and with the final season of Wildboyz having completed, Puig produced his own film entitled Ultimate Predator. The film shows him interacting particularly with sharks. The film also features adventures with Johnny Knoxville, Steve-O, Chris Pontius and Jeff Tremaine. Puig also appeared on "Feeding Time" during Discovery Channel's Shark Week in 2007. Puig was featured on the Outdoor Channel show called Savage Wild. The episodes of Savage Wild take place in the Everglades and surrounding environs near Miami, Florida and range from Manny hunting a wild boar with only a rudimentary spear, or carefully maneuvering through the water with a monster alligator, or handling highly venomous wild snakes, such as water moccasins, in their natural environment. One of his amazing feats is his ability to sneak up right in front of an alligator under water and grab hold of the alligators skin under its jaw and hold on as the alligator thrashes about under water and leaping out trying to bite and shake him off. The cameraman is just as daring as he dips into the murky water to film Puig's feats in the unknown. Manny's left middle finger is missing after it had to be amputated because of a rattlesnake bite in 2011. References External links MannyPuig.com - Official Site Category:1954 births Category:American people of Cuban descent Category:American television personalities Category:Living people Category:American people of Catalan descent

The Masque of Blackness The Masque of Blackness was an early Jacobean era masque, first performed at the Stuart Court in the Banqueting Hall of Whitehall Palace on Twelfth Night, 6 January 1605. It was written by Ben Jonson at the request of Anne of Denmark, the queen consort of King James I, who wished the masquers to be disguised as Africans. Anne was one of the performers in the masque along with her court ladies, all of whom appeared in black face makeup. The plot of the masque follows the ladies arriving at the English Court talking amongst themselves of how black complexions used to be beautiful, "that in their black, the perfect'st beauty grows." Reflecting the historical context of the masque, the ladies go on to discuss how black skin is now deemed the least attractive, "now black, with black despair" in favor of skin that has been "blanch[ed]" meaning whitened or lightened. They also agree that while black skin is exotic, light-skinned people are ultimately the best. During the Jacobean era, dark skin was associated with corruption, while white or lighter skin was associated with purity. Whereas Ethiopians (then a general term for black Africans) were viewed as impatient and ill-tempered due to the hot, dry weather in their native country, the light-skinned English were seen as more in control of themselves because their climate was cool and wet. As a result of this trend, The Masque of Beauty was written as a sequel to The Masque of Blackness to convey a greater disdain for darker skin tones. The Masque of Beauty, originally intended for the following holiday season, was displaced by Hymenaei, the masque for the wedding of the Earl of Essex and Frances Howard. Beauty was finally performed in 1608. Design The sets, costumes, and stage effects were designed by Inigo Jones; Blackness was the first of many masques for the Stuart Court on which Jonson and Jones would collaborate. The music for Blackness was composed by Alfonso Ferrabosco. Jones designed a raised and mobile stage for the masque, forty feet square and four feet off the floor; this was employed for many subsequent masques. The stage contained inner space for the machines that produced stage effects and the technicians who operated them. The King was often stilling on a stool, resembling the sun. Blackness introduced effects that Jones would repeat with variation throughout his career as a stage designer: it opened with a tempestuous seascape, simulated by flowing and billowing cloths. The opening stormy sea was populated with six blue-haired merman-like tritons. The gods Oceanus ("blue") and Niger (black) entered, mounted upon giant seahorses. The twelve daughters of Niger, played by the Queen and her ladies in waiting, entered in the company of a dozen nymphs of Oceanus as torchbearers; the ladies of the Court were dressed in tones of silver and azure to contrast with the blackness of the makeup, with pearls and feathers in their hair, while the torchbearers, in green doublets with gold puffed sleeves, had their faces, hands, and hair dyed blue. The ladies rode in a great hollow seashell, which seemed to float upon and move with the waves, and was accompanied by six large sea monsters carrying more torchbearers. (With Blackness as with many subsequent masques designed by Jones, one of the aspects of the show most commented upon by witnesses was the dazzling intensity of light involved...which inevitably says something about the normal conditions of life in the Jacobean era.) Plot summary The text begins with Niger talking to his father Oceanus. Oceanus asks him why he has left his usual eastward course and flowed westward, into the Atlantic. Niger tells him that he has come to request help. Niger's daughters are upset because they thought of themselves to be the most beautiful goddesses in the world, but they found out that paleness is more attractive and no longer feel beautiful. The moon goddess, Aethiopia, tells the daughters to find a country that ends in "tannia" and they will be beautiful once more. The daughters desperately tried finding the country and even went to Mauritania (North Africa), Lusitania (Portugal), and Aquitania (France). They prayed once more to Aethiopia and she told them the country is Britannia. She told them that the king was sun-like and he would be able to bleach the black away. Aethiopia stated that once a month for the next year, the daughters should bathe in sea-dew and at the same time next year, they will appear before the king again, and his light will make them beautiful and white. Cast The principal cast of the masque: Queen Anne................Euphoris Countess of Bedford........Aglaia Lady Herbert...............Diaphane Countess of Derby.....Eucampse Lady Rich........................Ocyte Countess of Suffolk.......Kathare Lady Bevill.........................Notis Lady Effingham...........Psychrote Lady Elizabeth Howard....Glycyte Lady Susan Vere.............Malacia Lady Mary Wroth...............Baryte Lady Walsingham.........Periphere A newsletter from court described the cast of the "Queen's mask" in December 1604, noting that three women were excused because of illness, the Countess of Nottingham, the Countess of Richmond who had measles, and the Countess of Northumberland. Lady Hatton was not invited to perform and left court. Response The masque was controversial in its day, in part for the production's use of body paint instead of masks to simulate dark skin. One observer, Sir Dudley Carleton, expressed a view tinged with the prevailing social biases of an era which saw the growing prominent role of the British in the Atlantic slave trade: Controversy also stemmed from the predominant role of female actresses playing what were considered traditionally male roles. The masque was expensive, costing £3000, and caused consternation among some English observers due to the perceived impropriety of the performance. The texts of The Masque of Blackness and The Masque of Beauty were published together in quarto form in 1608, by the bookseller Thomas Thorpe; they were reprinted in the first folio collection of Jonson's works in 1616. Notes References Gurr, Andrew. The Shakespearean Stage 1574–1642. Third edition, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992. Jonson, Ben. The Masque of Blackness. 1608. In Ben Jonson: Complete Masques. Ed. Stephen Orgel. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969. pp. 61–74. Leapman, Michael. Inigo: The Troubled Life of Inigo Jones, Architect of the English Renaissance. London, Headline Book Publishing, 2003. External links The Masque of Blackness. Category:Anti-black racism Category:Black people in literature Category:Masques by Ben Jonson Category:English Renaissance plays Category:1605 plays

Wierzchowo, Drawsko County Wierzchowo (formerly German Virchow) is a village in Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wierzchowo. It lies approximately east of Drawsko Pomorskie and east of the regional capital Szczecin. Before 1945 the area was part of Prussia. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania. The village has a population of 1,500. References Wierzchowo

Joe Avati Joe Avati (born 1974) is an Italian-Australian comedian who is popular among Italian and descendant of Italians from his native Australia, as well as in Canada, United Kingdom and the United States, where he has performed on several occasions. Comedic style His parents are from Calabria in Italy and some of his show is performed in the Calabrese dialect, in English with or without a Calabrese accent. Avati's observational brand of comedy have earned him comparisons to Jerry Seinfeld, and in promotions he is referred to as "the Italian Seinfeld". His observations are drawn from the life around his Italian family, particularly his experiences growing up. The characters and traits that Avati mentions seem to be universal in Italian families, which is why audiences familiar with this cultures are able to identify with him. Career Avati kicked off his career by releasing a tape entitled "Livin' la Dole-Cheque Vita" in late 1999. He also released Live and Unpluggato in late 2000 which was placed on the internet as a downloadable MP3. This album went on to become the number one selling comedy album in Canada for 18 months. The stage show - IL DAGO - a "boy band" parody act was produced by Joe Avati and toured to major cities and regional centers around Australia from April 2007 until December 2009. IL Dago starred Joe Avati, George Kapiniaris, Simon Palomares & Nish Selvadurai. The show won the prestigious: "Most Outstanding Club Performers of the Year" and "Best Comedy Act of 2007" at the 10th Annual Australian Club Entertainment Awards. Avati began a national Canadian Tour in April 2008 followed by an extended tour of the award winning IL DAGO show throughout that same year. Discography Live and Unpluggato (1999) Livin' la Dole-Cheque Vita (2000) Best of Joe Avati Live An Evening in Montreal DVDs Vivo! Live in Canada Back Home and Live (2006) The Best of Joe Avati Live 2000 - 2007 References External links MySpace website YouTube Channel 10th Annual Australian Club Entertainment Awards Category:Australian people of Italian descent Category:Australian people of Calabrian descent Category:Living people Category:1974 births Category:Australian male comedians

Egesina anterufipennis Egesina anterufipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1958. References Category:Egesina Category:Beetles described in 1958

Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command (Russia) The Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command (), is a military command of Russia. It is one of the five military districts of the Russian Armed Forces, with its jurisdiction primarily within the northern region of European Russia and the Arctic Ocean. The Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command was established on 1 December 2014 when it was split off from the Western Military District, initially as Russia's only joint military command to give greater autonomy to the Russian Navy's Northern Fleet. The command is equal in status to a military district, and is planned to develop into a full military district in cooperation with the Central Military District and Eastern Military District, to concentrate on all military responsibility over Russia's territories in the Arctic. The Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command contains 4 federal subjects of Russia: Arkhangelsk Oblast, Komi Republic, Murmansk Oblast, Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Additionally, the command contains most of Russia's islands in the Arctic Sea, including those located in federal subjects not within the command. The Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command is headquartered in Severomorsk, and its current district commander is Vice-Admiral Aleksandr Moiseyev, who has held the position since 3 May 2019. Bases The Russian Ministry of Defence is in the process of building 13 air-defense radar stations in the Russian Arctic. Airfields and ports on several islands, which were last used by the Soviet Union, will be re-opened: the 'Temp Air Base' on (Kotelnyy Island) in New Siberian Islands, Rogachevo Air Base on Novaya Zemlya and the Nagurskoye Air Base in the Franz Josef Land archipelago. A newly built naval base on the Wrangel Island will add to that. In addition, at least seven airfields on the continental part of the Arctic Circle will be opened or re-opened, with Tiksi in Yakutia expected to house the bulk of the Arctic air force. Other continental airfields include Naryan-Mar Airport, Alykel Airport close to the city of Norilsk and Mys Shmidta and Ugolny Airport, both located in Chukotka. Units Naval Forces As of January, 7th, 2015, the commander of the Northern Fleet reportedly envisaged a series of coordination-improving tasks, including submarine underwater operations, assigned to cruise vessels. Russian Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov also said that it will be set up a specialised training centre for servicemen doing military service in the Arctic Region in 2015. Ground forces The ground element of the command will incorporate two Arctic motorized infantry brigades, including the 200th Independent Motor Rifle Brigade and the 80th Independent Motor Rifle Brigade (Alakurtti)(formed January 2015). The brigades are expected to accomplish coast patrolling missions, protect sites and territories on the coast of the northern seas and the Arctic Ocean, support and escort ships sailing along the Northern Sea Route, and demonstrate the military presence in the Arctic. According to the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces, Colonel General Oleg Salyukov, an Arctic motorized rifle brigade is, as of October 2014, under formation in the Murmansk Oblast, near the Norwegian border, while the second brigade is scheduled for 2016 to be stationed in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Order of battle 14th Army Corps Corps HQ 61st Naval Infantry Brigade (n. Sputnik) 80th Independent (Arctic) Motor Rifle Brigade 200th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade (n. Pechenga, Murmansk region) 536th Fleet Independent Coastal Defense Missile Artillery Brigade (Snezhnogorsk) 516th Fleet Signals Unit (Severomorsk) 180th Naval Engineering Battalion Air and air defence forces Air Defence forces are said to consist of Pantsir-S1 missile and artillery systems, which have been put on duty on the Kotelnyy Island of the New Siberian Islands archipelago in 2014. The deployment of intermediate and long-range air defence systems in this area has also been planned. The command involved was the 1st Air and Air Defence Forces Command, including the 531st, 583rd, and 1258th Air Defence Regiments, the 331st and 332d Radio-Technical Regiments, plus other units stationed in the Murmansk, Chukotka and Arkhangelsk Oblasts. Air Force Commander-in-Chief Colonel-General Viktor Bondarev said in an interview that by 2017 the Tiksi airport complex will be operational, and it will be garrisoned with upgraded MiG-31 interceptors. A number of redesignations from 2014 changed the apparent order of battle. Air and Space Defence Brigades were changed back to the familiar nomenclature of Air Defence Divisions, and thus the 1st Air Defence Division (Russia) was reformed. The 1st Air and Air Defence Forces Command returned to the previous title 6th Air and Air Defence Forces Army. In January 2016, Defence Minister Sergey Shoygu announced that the Northern Fleet 45th Air and Air Defence Army (:ru:45-я армия ВВС и ПВО Северного флота) had been formed in December 2015. The force includes the 1st and 3rd Air Defence Divisions, and at least six other aircraft regiments, including the 100th and 279th Shipborne Fighter Aviation Regiments, and the 73rd Anti-Submarine Squadron Long Range of Tupolev Tu-142s. Related information Northern Fleet 200th Independent Motor Rifle Brigade Arctic warfare Arctic policy of Russia References Category:Military units and formations established in 2014 Category:Military units and formations of Russia Category:2014 establishments in Russia

Roman de la Rose Le Roman de la Rose (The Romance of the Rose) is a medieval French poem styled as an allegorical dream vision. As poetry, The Romance of the Rose is a notable instance of courtly literature meant to entertain and to teach about the art of romantic love. Throughout the narrative, the word Rose is used both as the name of the titular lady and as an abstract symbol of female sexuality. The names of the other characters function both as personal names and as metonyms illustrating the different factors that lead to and constitute a love affair. The Romance of the Rose was written in two stages. In the first stage of composition, circa 1230, Guillaume de Lorris wrote 4,058 lines describing a courtier's attempts at wooing his beloved woman. The first part of the poem's story is set in a walled garden, an example of a locus amoenus, a traditional literary topos in epic poetry and chivalric romance. Forty-five years later, circa 1275, in the second stage of composition, Jean de Meun wrote 17,724 additional lines, in which allegorical personages, such as Reason, Nature, and Genius, discuss the philosophy of love and the Lover attains his goal. Reception Early The Romance of the Rose was both popular and controversial. One of the most widely read works in France for three centuries, it was possibly the most read book in Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries. Its emphasis on sensual language and imagery provoked attacks by Jean Gerson, Christine de Pizan and many other writers and moralists of the 14th and 15th centuries. Historian Johan Huizinga writes: "It is astonishing that the Church, which so rigorously repressed the slightest deviations from dogma of a speculative character, suffered the teaching of this breviary of the aristocracy (for the Roman de la Rose was nothing else) to be disseminated with impunity." Modern Later reactions suggested that it had a tenuous encyclopedic quality. The nineteenth-century scholar and writer Gaston Paris wrote that it was "an encyclopedia in disorder" and British author C. S. Lewis described it as having an "encyclopedic character". One historian wrote that while the Roman de la Rose is obviously not an encyclopedia, "it evokes one, represents one, dreams one, perhaps, with all its aspirations and limitations". Manuscripts and incunabula About 300 manuscripts are extant, one of the highest figures for a secular work. Many of these are illustrated, most with fewer than ten remaining illustrations, but there are a number with twenty or more illustrations, and the exceptional Burgundian British Library Harley MS 4425 has 92 large and high quality miniatures, despite a date around 1500; the text was copied by hand from a printed edition. These are by the artist known as the Master of the Prayer Books of around 1500, commissioned by Count Engelbert II of Nassau. The peak period of production was the 14th century, but manuscript versions continued to be produced until the advent of printing, and indeed afterwards – there are at least seven manuscripts dated after 1500. There are also seven incunabula printed editions before 1500, the first from Geneva in about 1481, followed by two from Lyons in the 1480s and four from Paris in the 1490s. An edition from Lyons in 1503 is illustrated with 140 woodcuts. Digital images of more than 140 of these manuscripts are available for study in the Roman de la Rose Digital Library. Translation and influence Part of the story was translated from its original Old French into Middle English as The Romaunt of the Rose, which had a great influence on English literature. Chaucer was familiar with the original French text, and a portion of the Middle English translation is thought to be his work. Critics suggest that the character of "La Vieille" acted as source material for Chaucer's Wife of Bath. There were several other early translations into languages including Middle Dutch (Heinrik van Aken, c. 1280). Il Fiore is a "reduction" of the poem into 232 Italian sonnets by a "ser Durante", sometimes thought to have been Dante, although this is generally thought unlikely. Dante never mentions the Roman, but is often said to have been highly conscious of it in his own work. In 1900, the pre-Raphaelite F. S. Ellis translated the whole of the poem into English verse. C. S. Lewis's 1936 study The Allegory of Love renewed interest in the poem. Gallery Editions Langlois, Ernest, ed. Le Roman de la Rose par Guillaume de Lorris et Jean de Meun. 5 vols. Société des Anciens Textes Français. Paris: Firmin Didot, 1914–24. Lecoy, Félix, ed. Le Roman de la Rose par Guillaume de Lorris et Jean de Meun. 3 vols. Classiques français du Moyen Âge. Paris: Champion, 1965–70. Strubel, Armand, ed., trans, and annot. Le Roman de la Rose. Lettres gothiques, 4533. Paris: Librairie Générale Française – Livre de Poche, 1992. English translations Robbins, Harry W., trans. The Romance of the Rose. New York: Dutton, 1962. Dahlberg, Charles, trans. The Romance of the Rose. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1971. Horgan, Frances, trans. and annot. The Romance of the Rose. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999. See also Ars Amatoria - the 'art of love' Notes Further reading Arden, Heather M. The Roman de la Rose: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Garland, 1993. Gunn, Alan M. F. The Mirror of Love: A Reinterpretation of "The Romance of the Rose". Lubbock, TX: Texas Tech P, 1951. Huot, Sylvia. The Romance of the Rose and Its Medieval Readers: Interpretation, Reception, Manuscript Transmission. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1993. Kelly, Douglas. Internal Difference and Meanings in the Roman de la rose. Madison, WI: U of Wisconsin P, 1995. McWebb, Christine, ed. Debating the Roman de la Rose: A Critical Anthology. Routledge Medieval Texts. New York: Routledge, 2007. Minnis, Alastair. Magister Amoris: The Roman de la Rose and Vernacular Hermeneutics. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2001. External links Full text from Project Gutenberg: Vol. 1, Vol. 2 Roman de la Rose Digital Library at Johns Hopkins University 12 Ms on Digital Scriptorium Roman de la rose at Somni Editions from the Library of Congress Le Rommant de la Rose [Lyons, Guillaume Le Roy, ca. 1487] Cest le Romant de la Rose. [Lyon, Imprime par G. Balsarin, 1503] Category:13th-century poems Category:Medieval literature Category:French poems Category:Medieval French literature Category:Visionary poems Category:Allegory Category:Types of illuminated manuscript Category:Courtly love

Jean Wrigley Jean Wrigley (born 22 December 1935) is a British former swimmer. She competed in the women's 200 metre breaststroke at the 1952 Summer Olympics. References Category:1935 births Category:Living people Category:British female swimmers Category:Olympic swimmers of Great Britain Category:Swimmers at the 1952 Summer Olympics Category:Place of birth missing (living people)

Myurella conspersa Myurella conspersa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Terebridae, the auger snails. Description Distribution References External links Fedosov, A. E.; Malcolm, G.; Terryn, Y.; Gorson, J.; Modica, M. V.; Holford, M.; Puillandre, N. (2020). Phylogenetic classification of the family Terebridae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea). Journal of Molluscan Studies Category:Terebridae Category:Gastropods described in 1844

2010 World Junior Figure Skating Championships The 2010 World Junior Figure Skating Championships was an international competition in the 2009–10 season. Commonly called "World Juniors" and "Junior Worlds", the annual event awards medals in the disciplines men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The event was held between March 8 and 14, 2010 at The Uithof in The Hague, Netherlands. Qualification The competition was open to skaters representing ISU member nations who were at least 13 but not 19—or 21 for male pair skaters and ice dancers—before July 1, 2009 in their place of birth. National associations selected their entries according to their own criteria. The term "Junior" in ISU competition refers to age, not skill level. Skaters may remain age-eligible for Junior Worlds even after competing nationally and internationally at the senior level. At junior events, the ISU requires that all programs conform to junior-specific rules regarding program length, jumping passes, types of elements, etc. Number of entries per discipline Based on the results of the 2009 World Junior Championships, the ISU allowed each country one to three entries per discipline. Countries which qualified more than one entry in a discipline: If not listed above, one entry was allowed. Medals table Results Men Ladies Pairs China did not qualify for a third spot in pairs but one was accepted wrongly and therefore the third team was disqualified. Ice dancing References External links results/starting orders World Junior Category:World Junior Figure Skating Championships World Junior 2010 Category:March 2010 sports events in Europe

Wunnamurra Shire Wunnamurra Shire was a local government area in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. The Wannamurra Shire was established in 1906, incorporating the area around the town of Jerilderie. As early as 1908, the Wunnamurra Shire and the Municipality of Jerilderie had agreed in principle to an amalgamation. However, it was not until 1918 Wunnamurra Shire was merged with the Municipality of Jerilderie to form Jerilderie Shire. References Category:Former local government areas of New South Wales Category:1906 establishments in Australia Category:1918 disestablishments in Australia

Vehicle Certification Agency The Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) is an executive agency of the United Kingdom Department for Transport, and is the UK's type approval authority. VCA has been supporting the automotive industry since the early 1970s, with offices in the UK, North America, Brazil, Japan (Asia Pacific), Korea, China, Italy, India and Australia. The services that VCA provide include type approval testing and certification for all road-going vehicles, including cars, trucks, motorcycles, agricultural vehicles, buses and coaches, ambulances, fire engines and motor caravans, and replacement part systems and components. VCA are also responsible for the production of the New Car Fuel Consumption and Emission Figures. This information is made available through an online database containing the latest fuel consumption and emissions data for new cars. The site also includes tools to help users to calculate vehicle tax. ==References== External links Category:Executive agencies of the United Kingdom government Category:Automotive industry in the United Kingdom Category:Department for Transport

Cyclone Adeline The name Adeline has been used for two tropical cyclones in the Australian basin. Tropical Cyclone Adeline (1973), which formed in the Gulf of Carpentaria and made landfall in the easternmost part of the Northern Territory Severe Cyclone Adeline-Juliet (2005), which formed near the Cocos Islands and was renamed Juliet by Mauritius Category:Australian region cyclone disambiguation pages

William Willis Garth William Willis Garth (October 28, 1828 – February 25, 1912) was an American politician. He served as a representative of the Alabama's 8th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives between March 4th, 1877 and March 3rd, 1879. Garth was born on October 28, 1828 in Morgan County, Alabama. He pursued classical studies at Lagrange, Virginia and at Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia, and studied law at the University of Virginia. He was admitted to the Alabama bar and practiced law at Huntsville, Alabama. During the Civil War, he served as a lieutenant colonel on the staff of General James Longstreet in the Confederate Army. Garth was elected in 1876 as a Democratic representative to the 45th Congress, but was defeated for reelection in 1878. He resumed the practice of law, and died in Huntsville, Alabama on February 25, 1912. He was buried in Maple Hill Cemetery in Huntsville. References External links Category:1828 births Category:1912 deaths Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Alabama Category:Alabama lawyers Category:Politicians from Huntsville, Alabama Category:Alabama Democrats Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives Category:19th-century American politicians Category:Military personnel from Huntsville, Alabama

Ballycar Castle Ballycar Castle stood in the parish of Newmarket-on-Fergus, near the road between Limerick and Galway, from Sixmilebridge, from Limerick, and from Ennis it was said to have been built before 1570 and was a ruin before 1681 when it was sketched by Thomas Dineley. Ballycar Castle was said to have been built by Connor McHugh-McLoghlin-McNamara, but does not appear among the list of castles in 1570. In 1580 it belonged to Donogh O’Brien. The Castle, and two plowlands, of Ballycarhy were passed in the Earl of Thomond’s patent of 1620. In 1655, a lease of Ballycar Castle, &c., "as heretofore held by George Colpoys, deceased", was made by the Earl of Thomond to John Colpoys, with the condition to supply an armed Protestant horseman, provided for a month. This lease was converted in 1714 into a fee farm, and by the 1890s had passed to heirs female. The castle was a ruin when it was sketched by Thomas Dineley in 1680 and had disappeared by the 1890s. The house that had been built on the site (and which had last been occupied by a magistrate), was by then a roofless ruin. Notes References Attribution Category:Castles in County Clare

Värdegrund Värdegrund is a Swedish concept first defined in the 1990s to describe a common ethical foundation for collectives. Examples of collectives are nations, institution, organization, and social movements. In Sweden, all schools have to comply with a common ethical foundation. It includes the following ideas; sanctity of human life, individual freedom and integrity, egalitarianism, equality of the sexes, and solidarity between people. References Category:Collectives Category:Swedish words and phrases Category:Words coined in the 1990s Category:Swedish society

Šajkaška Šajkaška (Шајкашка) is a historical region in northern Serbia. It is southeastern part of Bačka, located in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Territory of Šajkaška is divided among four municipalities: Titel, Žabalj, Novi Sad, and Srbobran. Historical center of Šajkaška is Titel. Name Name Šajkaška means "land of šajkaši". Šajkaši were a specific kind of Austrian army, which moved in narrow, long boats, known as "šajka". These military units have operated on the Danube, Tisa, Sava and Moriš rivers. In Hungarian, the region is known as Sajkásvidék and in German as Schajkaschka. History After 1400, the majority of the people in Šajkaška were Serbs who had settled the area before or after the Ottoman conquered the Balkan lands to the south . Moving further north, they had become established at csepel Island where they founded Srpski Kovin (Raczkeve). After 1526 and the Battle of Mohacs, they moved to the northern Danube and to the city of Komarno which, for a long time, was the administrative headquarters of the Šajkaš forces. After the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699, the region was part of the Habsburg Monarchy. Most of Šajkaška was included into Habsburg Military Frontier (its Danube and Tisa sections), while one part of the region was included into Bodrog County. When these parts of Military Frontier were abolished (in 1750), Šajkaška was included into Theiss District, which was part of the Batsch-Bodrog County within the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. In 1763, Šajkaška was excluded from Theiss District and was again placed under military administration. Šajkaš Battalion, as part of Military Frontier, was founded in this area. In the beginning of the Habsburg administration, the population of the region was composed entirely of Serbs, which were brave and skillful warriors. Serb Šajkaši have participated in many battles against Ottoman Empire. By 1739 and the Peace of Belgrade, the border between Austria and Turkey was moved to the Sava and Danube rivers, and at that time, the idea was proposed to move the Šajkaši down from the north. That was done in 1763-1764. In 1848-1849, region was part of autonomous Serbian Vojvodina, but was again included into Military Frontier in 1849. In 1852, Šajkaš battalion was transformed into Titel infantry battalion. This military unit was abolished in 1873, and region was again incorporated into Bács-Bodrog County. Administratively, territory of Šajkaška was organized into municipality of Titel and separate municipality of Žabalj was also later established. In 1910, ethnic Serbs formed an absolute majority in both municipalities. Besides Serbs who formed majority in most settlements, region was also populated by Hungarians who formed majority in the village Budisava and sizable minority in few other settlements, Germans who formed sizable minority in several settlements and Rusyns who formed sizable minority in Đurđevo. In 1918, as part of Banat, Bačka and Baranja region, Šajkaška became part of the Kingdom of Serbia and then part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed to Yugoslavia). From 1918 to 1922 Šajkaška was part of the Novi Sad County, from 1922 to 1929 part of the Belgrade Oblast, and from 1929 to 1941 part of the Danube Banovina. From 1941 to 1944, region was occupied by the Axis Powers and was attached to Bács-Bodrog County of the Horthy's Hungary. In 1942 raid, Hungarian occupational authorities killed numerous ethnic Serbs, Jews and Romani in Šajkaška. In 1944, Soviet Red Army and Yugoslav partisans expelled Axis forces from the region and Šajkaška became part of the autonomous province of Vojvodina within new socialist Yugoslavia. Since 1945, AP Vojvodina is part of the People's Republic of Serbia within Yugoslavia. Today, Šajkaška is mainly agricultural region, with well-developed food industry. Demographics In 2002, population of Šajkaška numbered 67,355 people, including: Serbs = 57,418 (85.25%) Hungarians = 3,170 (4.71%) Rusyns = 1,474 (2.19%) Romani = 1,166 (1.73%) Yugoslavs = 987 (1.47%) Croats = 511 (0.76%) Slovaks = 228 (0.34%) Places of Šajkaška Titel municipality: Titel Vilovo Gardinovci Lok Mošorin Šajkaš Žabalj municipality: Žabalj Gospođinci Đurđevo Čurug Novi Sad municipality: Kovilj Kać Budisava Srbobran municipality: Nadalj Note: Titel and Žabalj are towns and administrative centres of municipalities. Other places are villages. Culture There is a Serb Orthodox Kovilj monastery in the area. It is situated near the village of Kovilj. The monastery was reconstructed in 1705-1707. According to the legend, the monastery was founded by the first Serb archbishop Saint Sava in the 13th century. Gallery See also Bačka Vojvodina References Dragan Kolak, Šajkaška, Enciklopedija Novog Sada, knjiga 30, Novi Sad, 2009. Titelski letopis, Titel, 2001. External links About Šajkaška (in Serbian) Category:Geographical regions of Serbia Category:Historical regions in Serbia Category:Geography of Vojvodina Category:Bačka