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403_12 | 2002, Building of the Playground designed by Fabiana de Barros for a gypsy camp near Athens, Greece
2002, Building of the Playgrounds designed by Fabrice Gygi, Joseph Kosuth and Edgard Soares, Deepalaya School in Kalkaji, New Delhi, India
2003, Building of the Playground designed by Andreas Angelidakis, John Kirakossian School, Yerevan, Armenia
2004, Video Installations by Sarkis, New Delhi, India
2004, Playgrounds and Toys, travelling exhibition, Musée Océanographique, Monaco
2005, Femme(s), Musée de Carouge, Geneva, Switzerland
2005, Santa Fe by Jannis Kounellis, Isola Madre, Borromeo Islands, Lake Maggiore, Italy
2005, Donna Donne (Woman Women), Palazzo Strozzi, Firenze, Italy
2005, Playgrounds and Toys, travelling exhibition, Hangar Bicocca, Milan, Italy
2005, Building of the Playground designed by Margherita Turewicz Lafranchi, Deepalaya School, Haryana, India
2006, Balkan Erotic Epic by Marina Abramović, SESC Pinheiros, São Paulo, Brazil |
403_13 | 2006, 2nd Edition of Contemporary Art on the Lake Maggiore Isola Madre, Borromeo Islands, Lake Maggiore, Italy
2006, Vito Acconci, Conference, Milan, Italy
2006, Balkan Epic by Marina Abramović, Hangar Bicocca, Milan, Italy
2007, Urban Manners. 15 Contemporary Artists from India, Hangar Bicocca, Milan, Italy
2007, Joseph Kosuth. The Language of Equilibrium, Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni, Venice, Italy
2007, Collateral. When Art Looks at Cinema, Hangar Bicocca, Milan, Italy
2007, Mulher Mulheres, SESC Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
2008, Stories on Human Rights by Filmmakers, Writers and Artists, a collective film project by 22 renowned artists and filmmakers
2008, Voom Portraits-Robert Wilson, SESC Pinheiros, São Paulo, Brazil
2008, Collateral 2. When Art Looks at Cinema, SESC Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
2009, La Prua by Marta dall'Angelo, Milan, Italy
2009, Teorema di Incompletezza by Masbedo, Milan, Italy |
403_14 | 2009, Stillife by Luca Pancrazzi, Milan, Italy
2009, Questioni di Lingua by Claudio Citterio, Diego Morandini, Luisa Protti, Milan, Italy
2010, Urban Manners 2, SESC Pompeia, São Paulo, Brazil
2010, Danser la musique, Playground by Chen Zhen, Shenzhen, China
2010, Una domenica al Parco Sempione by Flavio de Marco , Milan, Italy
2010, A cena con Timeo by Letizia Cariello, Milan, Italy
2010, Aral_Citytellers by Francesco Jodice, Milan, Italy
2010, La scimmia, l'immagine e il suo doppio by Andrea Marescalchi, Milan, Italy
2010, Respiro/Breath, Fondazione Zoé, Spazio Monotono, Loggia del Capitaniato and Teatro Comunale, Vicenza, Italy
2010-2011, THEN AND NOW Beyond Borders and Differences, a collective film project by seven renowned filmmakers |
403_15 | 2011, A cosa servono le mostre? (What are exhibitions for?), two-day symposium with the participation of artists, museum directors, curators and art critics working in Milan and in the region, La Fabbrica del Vapore/Care of, Milan, Italy
2011-2012, The Mediterranean Approach, travelling exhibition: Palazzo Zenobio, Venice, Italy; mac-Musée d'Art Contemporain, Marseille, France; SESC Pinheiros, São Paulo, Brazil
2013 Myths and Misconceptions'', a collective film project by six internationally acclaimed filmmakers (to be released)
References
External links
ART for The World website
ART for The World's blog
International organisations based in Switzerland
Art and design organizations
Arts organizations established in 1995
Organisations based in Geneva
United Nations mass media |
404_0 | Emily Beatty (born 18 August 1993) is an Ireland women's field hockey international. She was a member of the Ireland team that played in the 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup final. Beatty has also won Irish Senior Cup and Women's Irish Hockey League titles with UCD.
Early years and education
Beatty was educated at Alexandra College and University College Dublin. Her fellow students at Alexandra College included Deirdre Duke. Beatty and Duke played together as teammates in both the Alexandra College field hockey and women's association football teams. Beatty completed her Leaving Cert in 2012. Between 2012 and 2016 she attended UCD and gained a degree in Psychology. Beatty is currently studying at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. |
404_1 | Association football
Beatty played women's association football for Alexandra College, winning Leinster titles. She also played for Templeogue United, St Josephs AFC, Peamount United and UCD. She was also a member of Leinster Under-15 and Republic of Ireland Under-17 development squads.
Field hockey
Early years
Beatty began playing field hockey with Alexandra College. In 2011, along with Deirdre Duke, she was a member of the Alexandra College team that won the Leinster Schoolgirls' Senior Cup. In the final they defeated a St. Andrew's College team that included Gillian Pinder. She also played for the Alexandra College alumni teams, Old Alex. |
404_2 | UCD
Beatty started playing for UCD during the 2012–13 season. In her first season, she helped UCD win the 2012 Chilean Cup and reach the final of the Irish Senior Cup. During the 2013–14 season, Beatty was a member of a UCD squad
that included Katie Mullan, Gillian Pinder, Deirdre Duke, Nicola Evans, Anna O'Flanagan and Chloe Watkins. UCD subsequently won the Chilean Cup, the Irish Senior Cup, the Leinster Division One and their first Women's Irish Hockey League title. In the Chilean Cup final, Beatty scored UCD's third goal in a 3–1 win against Ulster Elks. Beatty also played and scored for UCD in the 2015 EuroHockey Club Champions Cup, scoring the winner in a 3–2 win against Canterbury Ladies.
KHC Dragons
During the 2016–17 season Beatty played for KHC Dragons. She was joined at the Dragons by former UCD teammate, Kate Lloyd. |
404_3 | Pembroke Wanderers
The 2017–18 season saw Beatty play for Pembroke Wanderers in the Women's Irish Hockey League. Her teammates at Wanderers included Gillian Pinder.
Ireland international
Together with Roisin Upton and Katie Mullan, Beatty represented Ireland at the 2010 Youth Olympic Games. In Ireland's opening game of the tournament, Beatty scored against the Netherlands in a 3–1 defeat. Beatty subsequently represented Ireland at Under-21 level before making her senior Ireland debut on 22 June 2013 in a 3–2 defeat against Canada. Beatty went onto represent Ireland at the 2014 Women's Hockey Champions Challenge I, scoring twice in a 2–2 win Spain. Beatty was also a member of the Ireland team that won the 2015 Women's EuroHockey Championship II, scoring in the 5–0 win against the Czech Republic in the final. In June 2016 Beatty earned her 50th cap against Spain. |
404_4 | Beatty was originally selected as a non-travelling reserve for the 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup. She subsequently played in warm up games against Japan, Italy and Chile, scoring the only goal in the latter game. At the start of the tournament, Beatty was on holidays in West Cork and had planned to travel to London to watch the final stages. After Megan Frazer was injured in the semi-final against Spain, Beatty was called into the squad. She was already in London when she received a call from Graham Shaw at 11.30 on the day of the final against the Netherlands. She then joined up with the rest of the Ireland squad and featured in the final.
Honours |
404_5 | Field hockey
Ireland
Women's Hockey World Cup
Runners Up: 2018
Women's EuroHockey Championship II
Winners: 2015
Women's Hockey Champions Challenge I
Runners Up: 2014
Women's Four Nations Cup
Runners Up: 2017
UCD
Women's Irish Hockey League
Winners: 2013–14
Irish Senior Cup
Winners: 2013–14
Runners Up: 2012–13
Chilean Cup
Winners: 2012, 2013
Alexandra College
Leinster Schoolgirls' Senior Cup
Winners: 2011
References |
404_6 | 1993 births
Living people
Irish female field hockey players
Ireland international women's field hockey players
UCD Ladies' Hockey Club players
KHC Dragons players
Female field hockey forwards
Field hockey players at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics
Republic of Ireland women's association footballers
Association footballers from County Dublin
Peamount United F.C. players
UCD Women's Soccer Club players
People educated at Alexandra College
Alumni of University College Dublin
Field hockey players from County Dublin
Women's association footballers not categorized by position
Alumni of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Women's Irish Hockey League players
Pembroke Wanderers Hockey Club players
Irish expatriate sportspeople in Belgium |
405_0 | Rosemary Park (March 11, 1907 – April 17, 2004) was a scholar, academic leader, advocate for women's education and the first American woman to become President of two colleges and Vice Chancellor of a major university. During her career Park served as the 5th President of Connecticut College from 1947–1962, the 6th President of Barnard College from 1962–1967 and the first female vice chancellor in the University of California system at UCLA from 1967 to 1970. |
405_1 | Early life and education |
405_2 | Rosemary Park, the youngest of four children, was born on March 11, 1907 in Andover, Massachusetts into a family of educators. Her mother, Grace Lina Burtt Park taught Greek and Mathematics at the high school level. Her father, Dr. J. Edgar Park was president of Wheaton College from 1926 to 1944. Her brother, Dr. William E. Park, likewise served as president of Simmons College in Boston from 1955 to 1970. From an early age Park showed an interest in academia, studying German in high school, a field which at the time was mainly dominated by men. After high school Park went on to earn her bachelor's degree from Radcliffe College, graduating summa cum laude with a major in German. After graduating Park was able to continue her education by studying in Germany, first at the University of Bonn where she earned her masters in 1929 and then at the University of Cologne where she completed a dissertation on Richard Wagner, "The Image of Richard Wagner’s Tristan and Isolde in German |
405_3 | Literature" earning her PhD in 1934. |
405_4 | Career |
405_5 | Connecticut College |
405_6 | After a short period spent teaching at Wheaton College, Park transitioned to Connecticut College, entering the college as a professor of German in 1934. During her tenure at Connecticut College, Park went on to hold a number of positions including Dean of Freshmen, Academic Dean, and acting President before finally becoming President in 1947. During her 30-year tenure at Conn, 15 as President, Park was responsible for a number of major changes to the college including the restructuring of the curriculum, the growth of the college by 500 students (for comparison the college now has an estimated 1,865 students), the addition of 10,000,000 worth of new infrastructure including the school's health center, student center, a laboratory building and 8 new student dormitories. In addition, Park was instrumental in the 1959 transition of Connecticut College from a solely women's college to a co-educational institution, a decision which stemmed both from community need and the benefits it |
405_7 | would bring both to the college as a whole and to its female students Lastly, Park, a dedicated fundraiser, was able to raise over $3 million for the college through the 50th Anniversary Fund through her extensive public relations and fundraising efforts. |
405_8 | Under Park's guidance Connecticut College went through two major curriculum revisions, first in 1953 and again in 1961–1962. In 1953, 6 years after assuming the Presidency, Park eliminated a number of vocationally oriented programs including home economics and clerical skills which she felt were not up to the standards of a rigorous liberal arts education. Park sought to bolster the college's standing as an "intellectually pure" institutional through the addition of courses in English composition and literature, American and European history, government, laboratory sciences, philosophy, religion, foreign languages, music and art, and mathematics and logic. This curriculum, which mandated five courses a semester was eventually deemed to be too demanding of students and in 1962 the requirements were reduced to only four courses a semester, theoretically allowing the students to produce higher-quality more focused work. This less-drastic curriculum revision maintained many of the same |
405_9 | requirements and offerings as the 1953 revision while reinforcing Park's goal of academic seriousness and vigor at the College. |
405_10 | Barnard College |
405_11 | In 1962, after 30 years at Connecticut College and 15 as President, Park made the decision to resign from her position and to accept the position of President at Barnard College, at the time the sister college to Columbia University. During her relatively brief tenure as President of Barnard (1962–1967) Park sought to implement a number of reforms similar to those undergone at Connecticut College. Park focused heavily on curriculum reform, reviewing existing courses and reducing requirements with the intention of improving the quality of student work. In 1966, a year before Park left the institution, these reforms were officially put in place thereby reducing the five course minimum requirement to four per semester and mandated 32 required courses overall. In addition, although a less tangible achievement Park focused heavily on improving student involvement at the college, setting up channels for students to influence policies on discipline, student activities, and the curriculum. In |
405_12 | relation to student welfare, Park heavily encouraged female participation in the sciences, working to obtain a laboratory for the College independent from Columbia's facilities. Overall, she encouraged her female students to pursue traditionally rigorous subjects in the sciences and the field of linguistics, believing that women were equally as capable as their male colleagues to excel in such areas. |
405_13 | University of California, Los Angeles |
405_14 | Despite her desire to continue serving as President of Barnard, Park resigned from the college in 1967 after her 1965 marriage. Park and her husband, Milton Anastos, a professor Byzantine Greek at UCLA, hoped to find Anastos a position in New York, acknowledging the relative ease in obtaining a position as a professor in comparison to that of college president. However, Anastos was unable to find a suitable position, despite Columbia University's offer of a position teaching both Byzantine Greek and Russian history, the latter of which was not his area of expertise. Thus, in 1967 Park made the decision to resign from her position as President and to accept the position of first female vice-chancellor of UCLA under Chancellor Franklin Murphy. As Vice Chancellor Park focused mainly on reviewing the university's academic curriculum and programs based on her numerous years of expertise at both Connecticut College and Barnard. In addition, she was asked to establish a disciplinary code in |
405_15 | collaboration with students at the law school, in many ways in response to the students uprisings and protests of the mid to late 1960s. Eventually, after three years working as Vice Chancellor Park stepped down from the position, however she continued her work as a professor of higher education at the graduate school until her official retirement in 1974. |
405_16 | Personal life
Rosemary Park married only once in her life at age 58 to Milton Vasil Anastos (age 56) a professor of Byzantine Greek at the University of California Los Angeles. The couple wed on August 1, 1965 Park in Greenwich, Connecticut. While Park had no biological children of her own, Anastos had one child from his first marriage, Milton V. Anastos Jr, Park's stepson. The pair lived together in California until Anastos died in 1997. Park, who died on April 17, 2004 at the age of 97, is survived by her stepson as well as a number of nieces and nephews. |
405_17 | Community and organizational involvement
Throughout her life Park maintained an active interest in a number of community organizations both related to and separate from her work in academia. Below is a summary of some of the many positions Park held during her lifetime, often in conjunction with her administrative duties at Connecticut College, Barnard and UCLA.
Lyman Allyn Museum (Director)
New London Chamber of Commerce (Director)
Fund for the Advancement of Education (Ford Foundation (Member, National Committee on Faculty Fellowships)
Connecticut Higher Education assistance Corporation (Incorporator)
American College for Girls (Advisor)
The Masters School (Trustee)
University of Hartford (Member, Board of Regents)
United Chapters of Phi Beta Kappa (Senator at Large)
New England College Fund (Vice President)
Genera Motors National Scholarship Committee (Member)
John Hay Whitney Foundation (Member)
Association of American Colleges (Member, Board of Directors) |
405_18 | Institute of American Colleges (Member, Board of Directors)
Institute of International Education (Member, Advisory Committee of College and University Presidents)
Rockefeller Brothers Theological Fellowship Program (Member, Board of Directors)
Connecticut State Board of Mental Health (Member)
The Mystic Oral School for the Deaf (Trustee)
Williams Memorial Institute (Administrator and Trustee)
Institute of Living (Corporator)
Lawrence Memorial Hospital (Member and Corporator)
American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Member, Committee on International Relations)
Connecticut Arboretum (Member, Advisory Committee)
American Association of University Professors (Member) |
405_19 | Awards and recognition
Honorary degrees
Wesleyan University (1948)
Mount Holyoke College (1955)
Douglass College (1950)
Yale University (1958)
Bridgeport University (1962)
Brown University (1962)
Columbia University (1962)
New York University (1962)
Goucher College (1963)
Oberlin College (1963)
University of Pennsylvania (1964)
University of Hartford (1965)
University of Massachusetts (1968)
Honors and awards
Los Angeles Times Woman of the Year (1968)
Connecticut College Rosemary Park Fellowship (created in her honor)
References
1907 births
2004 deaths
University of California, Los Angeles faculty
Connecticut College faculty
Presidents of Barnard College
Radcliffe College alumni |
406_0 | Dana Point () is a city located in southern Orange County, California, United States. The population was 33,107 at the 2020 census. It has one of the few harbors along the Orange County coast, and with ready access via State Route 1, it is a popular local destination for surfing.
The city was named after the headland of Dana Point, which was in turn named after Richard Henry Dana, Jr., author of Two Years Before the Mast, which included a description of the area. Dana described the locale, including neighboring San Juan Capistrano, as "the only romantic spot on the coast". Although Dana described the anchorage as poor, it is now a developed harbor and contains a replica of his ship, the Pilgrim. The Pilgrim was used as a classroom by the Ocean Institute, which is located at the harbor, until it sank in 2020. This area is designated California Historical Landmark #189.
History |
406_1 | Dana Point was a popular port for ships involved with the hide trade with nearby Mission San Juan Capistrano. Trading reached its peak in the 1830s and 1840s. In 1818, Argentine sailor Hippolyte de Bouchard anchored there while conducting his raid on the mission. Richard Henry Dana then visited the area in 1835 while serving aboard the sailing brig Pilgrim on her voyage along the California coastline.
In 1923, Los Angeles Times publisher Harry Chandler and General M. H. Sherman, director of the Pacific Electric Railway Company, created a major real estate group to develop what is known today as the Hollywood Hills. Sidney H. Woodruff, already a prominent Los Angeles homebuilder, was hired to lead the project. |
406_2 | In 1926, Woodruff, Chandler, and Sherman created the Dana Point Syndicate. They invited other investors, company presidents, movie producers, and real estate investors to join them in purchasing of land, some of which includes the "Headlands" of today. Promising tree-lined and paved streets, electricity, telephones, sidewalks, water mains, storm drains, sewers, and other amenities, Woodruff built 35 homes and a number of commercial buildings. |
406_3 | Most of these "Woodruff" houses are concentrated in the Dana Point historic core, also called Lantern Village (currently about 12,000 residents). The streets are named after different colored lanterns—Street of the Violet Lantern, Blue Lantern, etc.—because colored lanterns were used by ships 200 years ago to advertise their fares when in the Dana Point natural harbor. His crowning structure was to be the Dana Point Inn, a Mediterranean-like resort hotel on the cliffs overlooking the harbor. After a celebratory groundbreaking in 1930, a three-story foundation was poured and a shaft was dug for an elevator to transport hotel guests to and from the beach. The economic downturn of the Great Depression caused construction to halt, however. Although Woodruff continuously sought financial support through the years, this project was abandoned in 1939. Subsequently, he sold the remaining holdings of the Dana Point Syndicate. Thirty-four of the original Woodruff residences are still occupied. |
406_4 | Dana Point Harbor
The harbor, built in the 1960s and dedicated on July 31, 1971, is home to a marina, shops, and restaurants, and is a point of departure for the Catalina Express, a transportation service to and from the City of Avalon on Catalina Island. The entire harbor of Dana Point, including the Embarcadero Marina shops and restaurants, is set for complete demolition and redevelopment. The current vintage nautical style is being abandoned for a Tech Minimalist concept using metal roofs as well as Minimalist landscaping. |
406_5 | Strand |
406_6 | The Strands at Headlands is a luxury housing development built on land that was originally part of the Chandler Family holdings. For decades the land facing the beach was home to the Dana Strand Beach and Tennis Club, a mobile home community that closed in the late 1980s. For years, access to the Strands beach was limited to hiking down a dirt trail where the mobile homes had stood. The Strands parcel included the actual headlands and bluff of Dana Point as well and was one of the last large coast properties available for development along the Orange County Coast. During the course of a ten-year approval process, the original high-density plan, which included a large multi-story hotel on the bluff top and hundreds of houses and multi-family units, was reduced in scope to just over 100 home sites. As part of negotiations with the California Coastal Commission, the developer agreed to turn the bluff into a nature preserve and build over $11 million worth of public improvements to |
406_7 | provide easier access to the Strands Beach. The improvements include stairs, restrooms, a beach-front sidewalk and a funicular to transport visitors from the parking lot to the beach. After extensive infrastructure construction, lots were offered for sale in the fall of 2006. Lots in the development are rectangular with modern houses commonly priced above $10,000,000. The development has provided much easier access to the beach below and has allowed surfers and other beach visitors to access the beach quickly and easily. Strands Homeowners, through a Mello-Roos assessment, pay for the upkeep of the beach improvements. |
406_8 | The community of Niguel Shores is subject to the eroding bluffs of the Stand.
Capistrano Beach |
406_9 | In 1928, a corporate entity of the American industrial giant Edward Doheny, who had built his fortune in oil production in Southern California and Mexico, purchased a number of lots in Capistrano Beach. Doheny's son, Ned, formed a development company, the Capistrano Beach Company, which included his wife's twin brothers, Clark and Warren Smith, and Luther Eldridge, a contractor, to build a community of Spanish style houses. According to Dana Point historians Baum and Burnes,* Eldridge favored two dominant characteristics in his homes, a typically Spanish roofline and the use of large ceiling beams in the main rooms of the houses. The roofline, covered with red ceramic tiles, incorporated a low-pitched gable, spreading out to one short and one long roof. The ceiling beams were decorated with stenciled artwork painted by artist Alex Meston. Eldridge was able to complete the original Doheny family house on the bluffs, four houses on the beach, and 18 other homes scattered throughout the |
406_10 | area before tragedy struck the ambitious project. Edward Doheny was preparing for his criminal trial for bribery in the Teapot Dome Scandal, and on February 16, 1929, Ned Doheny and Hugh Plunkett, his friend and secretary, who were to testify in the trial, were killed in a murder that still remains unsolved. In 1931, as a memorial to Ned, Petroleum Securities Company, Doheny's family-owned business, made a gift of to the State of California, which is now Doheny State Beach. The unimproved Capistrano Beach properties passed back to Edward Doheny, and, upon his death in 1935, to his wife and heirs. By 1944, all of the properties had been sold to private parties. |
406_11 | The Doheny family also funded the building of what was then called St. Edward's Chapel in Capistrano Beach. The chapel soon grew, received canonical status as a parish, and moved to its current bluff-top location in Dana Point, overlooking Doheny State Beach.
Surfing
Richard Henry Dana (the author of "Two Years Before the Mast") considered the high bluffs and sheltered coves of this area of Southern California to be the most beautiful spot on the California coast. Pioneering surfers agreed as they surfed the many beach breaks along the coast. Dana Point had a notable surfing history, and was home to many of the first companies that produced products for surfing. Hobie Alter opened the world's first retail surf shop in Dana Point in 1954. Many surf publications such as the Surfer's Journal and Surfer Magazine were formed and headquartered in Dana Point. Bruce Brown produced the iconic surfer film Endless Summer in Dana Point. |
406_12 | "Killer Dana" was a legendary surf break off Dana Point. The surf break was notorious because it came out of deep water and broke close to the rocks that lined the beach. The Killer Dana wave was destroyed when the Dana Point Harbor was built in 1966. A breakwater now cuts right through the heart of the once epic surf spot. In 1997, the surf group The Chantays recorded an instrumental track named "Killer Dana".
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of . of it is land and of it (77.96%) is water.
The Dana Point headlands are a prominent feature in Orange County geography and after years of controversy, are currently being developed as a 118-house gated community, however of the site is open to the public and features a nature center and walking trails exhibiting "lost" plants of the Southern California coast. Views on a clear day extend to Catalina Island and La Jolla in San Diego County. |
406_13 | The city is located 59 miles southeast of Los Angeles, and 65 miles northwest of San Diego. Dana Point is bordered by San Clemente to the southeast, San Juan Capistrano to the northeast, Laguna Beach to the northwest, and Laguna Niguel to the north.
Climate
Dana Point enjoys a mild climate with temperatures that tend to average around the 70s. The warmest month of the year is August with an average maximum temperature of . The coldest month is December with an average maximum temperature of 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Frost is extremely rare, allowing for a year-round growing season. Annual rainfall (with almost all of it falling between November and March) is about 12 inches but is highly variable from year to year.
Demographics |
406_14 | 2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Dana Point had a population of 33,351. The population density was 1,131.1 people per square mile (436.7/km2). The racial makeup of Dana Point was 28,701 (86.1%) White (76.4% Non-Hispanic White), 294 (0.9%) African American, 229 (0.7%) Native American, 1,064 (3.2%) Asian, 37 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 1,952 (5.9%) from other races, and 1,074 (3.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5,662 persons (17.0%).
The Census reported that 33,110 people (99.3% of the population) lived in households, 160 (0.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 81 (0.2%) were institutionalized. |
406_15 | There were 14,182 households, out of which 3,459 (24.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 6,902 (48.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,232 (8.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 645 (4.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 780 (5.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 137 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,012 households (28.3%) were made up of individuals, and 1,406 (9.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33. There were 8,779 families (61.9% of all households); the average family size was 2.85. |
406_16 | The population was spread out, with 5,959 people (17.9%) under the age of 18, 2,522 people (7.6%) aged 18 to 24, 8,261 people (24.8%) aged 25 to 44, 10,927 people (32.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 5,682 people (17.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.9 males.
There were 15,938 housing units at an average density of 540.6 per square mile (208.7/km2), of which 8,314 (58.6%) were owner-occupied, and 5,868 (41.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.0%. 19,419 people (58.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 13,691 people (41.1%) lived in rental housing units.
According to the 2010 United States Census, Dana Point had a median household income of $80,938, with 8.4% of the population living below the federal poverty line. |
406_17 | As of the census of 2000, there were 35,110 people, 14,456 households, and 9,280 families residing in the city. The population density was 5,290.1 inhabitants per square mile (2,041.6/km2). There were 15,682 housing units at an average density of 2,362.8 per square mile (911.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 87.3% White, 0.8% Black or African American, 0.6% Native American, 2.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 5.9% from other races, and 2.8% from two or more races. 15.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 14,456 households, out of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.90. |
406_18 | In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $63,043, and the median income for a family was $73,373 (these figures had risen to $81,665 and $97,826 respectively as of a 2007 estimate). Males had a median income of $52,159 versus $38,902 for females. The per capita income for the city was $37,938. About 3.4% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.8% of those under age 18 and 5.3% of those age 65 or over. |
406_19 | In 2010 Dana Point had a population of 33,351. The median age was 44.8 years. The racial and ethnic composition of the population was 76.4% non-Hispanic white, 0.9% black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 3.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.2% non-Hispanic of some other race, 3.2% reporting two or more races and 17.0% Hispanic or Latino. Mexicans made up 13.2% of the population.
Arts and culture
Dana Point has held a Festival of Whales since 1972. This celebration is held over two weekends in March.
The Tall Ships Festival is held in September. It is considered the largest annual gathering of its kind on the West Coast of the United States.
Dana Point has hosted the Dana Point Concours d'Elegance since 2008. The event is located on the Monarch Beach Golf Links and supports various charities. |
406_20 | The Dana Point Grand Prix is an annual criterium bike race overlooking Dana Point Harbor. The course winds its way through downtown Dana Point into Heritage Park and the adjoining residential community with ocean views for participants and spectators before finishing on a long straightaway on PCH. danapointgrandprix.com
The Dana Point Chamber of Commerce hosts the annual Turkey Trot, which includes a 5K, 10K and Kids’ Gobble Wobble race for ages 5–12, which was voted as a top destination for Thanksgiving by Fodor's Magazine. This event attracts more than 10,000 runners throughout the country and another 5,000 family and friends.
The Dana Point Symphony The Dana Point Symphony Orchestra presents classical music concerts with a 50-piece orchestra and local and international soloists.
Marine life |
406_21 | One of a few known specimens of the megamouth shark was caught off Dana Point in 1990. Visitors can visit the Ocean Institute at the harbor below the point and the tidal pools located nearby for a close-up view of marine life during low tide. With the kelp beds located just offshore, Dana Point is a popular destination for snorkelers, fisherman, and spearfishers. Juvenile great white sharks sometimes congregate in the area, but are rarely a threat to humans, mostly feeding on fish. The high cliffs at Dana Point are popular for scanning the horizon for whales, dolphins and other marine life.
Dana Point is home to the longest running Festival of Whales in the World that started in 1971. |
406_22 | Dana Point was trademarked as the Dolphin and Whale Watching Capital of the World® in 2019 and Dana Point was named a Whale Heritage Site in 2021. Prior to Dana Point's designation, this certification was shared with only three other locations in the world and is defined as an outstanding location where cetaceans (whales and dolphins) are embraced through the cultural, economic, social, and political ,lives of associated communities , and where people and cetaceans coexist in an authentic and respectful way.
Government
Dana Point is a general law city governed as a council-manager form of government. |
406_23 | The city council has five council members, who are elected by area by registered voters of the city. Council members each serve four-year staggered terms. Dana Point has a two-term-limit for elected officials. Annually, the city council appoints a mayor and a mayor pro tem from its own membership to serve a one-year term. The mayor presides over city council meetings, represents the city council at various business and ceremonial events, and executes all city ordinances, resolutions, and contracts. The mayor pro tem performs these duties in the absence of the mayor. As a legislative body, the city council is responsible for the enactment of local laws (ordinances), the adoption of the annual city budget and capital improvement program, and the review and adoption of proposed policies, agreements, contracts, and other city business items. |
406_24 | The 2021 city council roster is as follows:
Jamey Federico, Mayor
Joseph L. Muller, Mayor Pro Tem
Richard A. Viczorek, Council Member
Mike Frost, Council Member
Michael Villar, Council Member
State and federal representation
In the California State Legislature, Dana Point is in , and in .
In the United States House of Representatives, Dana Point is in .
Politics
Since its incorporation as a city, Dana Point has voted for the Republican candidate in every presidential and gubernatorial election as of 2020. According to the California Secretary of State, as of February 10, 2019, Dana Point has 21,844 registered voters. Of those, 9,308 (42.61%) are registered Republicans, 5,758 (26.36%) are registered Democrats, and 5,681 (26.01%) have declined to state a political party/are independents. |
406_25 | NOTE: The totals listed for the 2003 governor's special election are the aggregate totals for all Republican candidates, all Democratic candidates, and all Independent candidates. Individually, Arnold Schwarzenegger received 8,862 votes, Cruz Bustamante received 1,907 votes, Tom McClintock received 1,838 votes, and Peter Uberroth received 50 votes.
Education
The city is served by Capistrano Unified School District. It includes Dana Hills High School, one of the oldest high schools in the area, which opened in 1972. The cross country program at Dana Hills High School won California state titles in 1988, 2007, 2008, and 2009. |
406_26 | Emergency services
Fire protection in Dana Point is provided by the Orange County Fire Authority with ambulance service by Doctor's Ambulance. Law enforcement is provided by the Orange County Sheriff's Department.
Year-round marine safety services are provided by (U.S. Ocean Safety Lifeguards) now called O C lifeguards, on the county beaches, and California state lifeguards on the state beaches.
Media
Dana Point is served by two newspapers, the Dana Point News (owned by the Orange County Register) and the Dana Point Times. Both papers run once weekly.
The Laguna Niguel-Dana Point Patch is an online-only news website that also serves Dana Point along with its neighbor, Laguna Niguel.
Notable people
Magic Johnson
Bernadette Withers
References
General
Specific
External links
Archival collections
Guide to the Dana Point Syndicate Records of S. H. Woodruff Special Collections and Archives, The U C Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California. |
406_27 | Other
Dana Point Visitors Bureau
Dana Point Times, local newspaper
Dana Point Chamber of Commerce
Dana Point Harbor, Recreational Area
Dana Point Harbor, Marinas & Beaches
Dana Point Harbor, Stores & Hotels
Dana Point Harbor, Charters & Boat Rentals
Cities in Orange County, California
Incorporated cities and towns in California
Populated coastal places in California
San Joaquin Hills
Populated places established in 1926
Populated places established in 1989
1989 establishments in California
California Historical Landmarks
Surfing locations in California
Articles containing video clips |
407_0 | Luke 7 is the seventh chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It tells the records of two great miracles performed by Jesus, his reply to John the Baptist's question, and the anointing by a sinful woman. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist, a companion of Paul the Apostle on his missionary journeys, composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles.
Text
The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 50 verses.
Textual witnesses
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
Papyrus 75 (AD 175-225)
Papyrus 45 (~250).
Codex Vaticanus (325-350)
Codex Sinaiticus (330-360)
Codex Bezae (~400)
Codex Washingtonianus (~400)
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (~450; lacunae: verse 17 to end)
Papyrus 2 (~550; extant verses 22-26 and 50 in Coptic language)
Papyrus 3 (6th/7th century; extant verses 36-45) |
407_1 | Healing the centurion's servant
Luke 7:1-10 relates that a Roman centurion in Capernaum sent the Jewish elders to ask Jesus for help because his servant (or slave) was ill. The elders testified to the centurion's worthiness (ἄξιός, axios) but the centurion did not consider himself worthy (using the same Greek word, ηξιωσα, ēxiōsa) to have Jesus come into his home to perform the healing, suggesting instead that Jesus perform the healing at a distance. Jesus concurred, and the servant was found to have been healed when the centurion returned home.
records the same healing. A similar event is recounted in , but this may refer to another event as it concerns the son of a court official.
Widow of Nain's son raised |
407_2 | This account of a miracle by Jesus is only recorded in the Gospel of Luke. Jesus, accompanied by a large crowd (verse 11), arrived at the gates of the village of Nain during the burial ceremony of the son of a widow, and raised the young man from the dead. The location is the village of Nain in Galilee, two miles south of Mount Tabor. This is the first of three miracles of Jesus in the canonical gospels in which he raises the dead, the other two being the raising of Jairus' daughter and of Lazarus.
Following the healing, Jesus' fame spread "throughout all Judea and all the surrounding region". In the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges, commentator F. W. Farrar explains that "the notion that St Luke therefore supposed Nain to be in Judaea is quite groundless. He means that the story of the incident at Nain spread even into Judaea". |
407_3 | Some parallels in details are noted with the raising of the son of the widow of Zarephath, by the Old Testament prophet Elijah (1 Kings 17), especially some verbal parallels. The raising of the son of the woman of Shunem (2 Kings 4) by Elisha is also similar, including the reaction of the people, and in particular, the location of Nain is very close to Shunem (identified with modern Sulam), giving an example of a repeated pattern in the history of redemption.
Messengers from John the Baptist
When John the Baptist was in prison and heard of the works performed by Jesus, John sent two of his disciples as messengers to ask a question of Jesus:
“Are you the one who is to come (ὁ ἐρχόμενος, ho erchomenos), or should we expect someone else?”
Following this episode, Jesus begins to speak to the crowds about John the Baptist, describing him as the 'messenger', a prophet who was himself foretold in prophecy (Malachi 3:1).
Parable of the Two Debtors |
407_4 | A Pharisee named Simon invites Jesus to eat in his house but fails to show him the usual marks of hospitality offered to visitors - a greeting kiss (v. 45), water to wash his feet (v. 44), or oil for his head (v. 46). A "sinful woman" comes into his house during the meal and anoints Jesus' feet with perfume, wiping them dry with her hair. Simon is inwardly critical of Jesus, who, if he were a prophet, "would know what kind of sinful life she lives".
Jesus then uses the story of two debtors to explain that a woman loves him more than his host, because she has been forgiven of greater sins. |
407_5 | Verse 38
And stood at his feet behind him weeping, and began to wash his feet with tears, and did wipe them with the hairs of her head, and kissed his feet, and anointed them with the ointment.
"Stood at his feet behind him": Jesus, as other guests, 'reclined on couches with their feet turned outwards', a common posture in that period of time also for Persians, Greeks, Romans. This arrangement is called triclinia, by which the guest reposed on his elbow at the table, with his unsandaled feet outstretched on the couch (as each guest left the sandals beside the door on entering).
"Ointment": or "fragrant oil" in NKJV, is translated from the Greek word which was applied 'for any kind of sweet-smelling vegetable essence, especially that of the myrtle'. |
407_6 | Verses 47-48
"Therefore I tell you, her sins, which are many, are forgiven, for she loved much; but he who is forgiven little, loves little.” 48 And he said to her, “Your sins are forgiven.” |
407_7 | Eric Franklin observes that the woman is demonstrating her love and asks whether this is "because she has already been forgiven, which is what the parable would imply?" Verse 47, "on a first reading at any rate, does not appear to support this, but rather suggests that she has been forgiven because of her love". The Revised Standard Version and the New King James Version can be read in this way. Franklin notes that "more recent translations, assuming a consistency in the story as a whole, take the Greek ὅτι (hoti'', translated as "for" in the quoted passage above) to mean, not "because" but "with the result that", for example the Revised English Bible translates, "Her great love proves that her many sins have been forgiven". Verse 48 then proclaims her forgiveness, which this translation assumes has already been pronounced to her. |
407_8 | See also
Dead Sea Scrolls 4Q521
Miracles of Jesus
Nain, Israel
Other related Bible parts: Matthew 8, Matthew 11, John 4
References
External links
King James Bible - Wikisource
English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)
Luke 07 |
408_0 | "Spoonful" is a blues song written by Willie Dixon and first recorded in 1960 by Howlin' Wolf. Called "a stark and haunting work", it is one of Dixon's best known and most interpreted songs. Etta James and Harvey Fuqua had a pop and R&B record chart hit with their duet cover of "Spoonful" in 1961, and it was popularized in the late 1960s by the British rock group Cream.
Background and lyrics
Dixon's "Spoonful" is loosely based on "A Spoonful Blues", a song recorded in 1929 by Charley Patton. Earlier related songs include "All I Want Is a Spoonful" by Papa Charlie Jackson (1925) and "Cocaine Blues" by Luke Jordan (1927).
The lyrics relate men's sometimes violent search to satisfy their cravings, with "a spoonful" used mostly as a metaphor for pleasures, which have been interpreted as sex, love, and drugs: |
408_1 | Composition and recording
"Spoonful" has a one-chord, modal blues structure found in other songs Willie Dixon wrote for Howlin' Wolf, such as "Wang Dang Doodle" and "Back Door Man", and in Wolf's own "Smokestack Lightning". It uses eight-bar vocal sections with twelve-bar choruses and is performed at a medium blues tempo in the key of E. Music critic Bill Janovitz describes it as "brutal, powerful Wolf bellowing in his raspy style. There are few recordings that equal the powerful force of 'Spoonful,' or, for that matter, any other Wolf/Dixon Chess side." |
408_2 | Backing Wolf on vocals are longtime accompanist Hubert Sumlin on guitar, relative newcomer Freddie Robinson on second guitar, and Chess recording veterans Otis Spann on piano, Fred Below on drums, and Dixon on double-bass. It has been suggested that Freddie King contributed the second guitar on "Spoonful", but both Sumlin and Robinson insist it was Robinson. In 1962, the song was included on Wolf's second compilation album for Chess, Howlin' Wolf. |
408_3 | In 1968, Wolf reluctantly re-recorded "Spoonful", along with several of his blues classics in Marshall Chess's attempt at updating Wolf's sound for the burgeoning rock market. Unlike his 1971 The London Howlin' Wolf Sessions (Chess LP-60008), on which he was backed by several rock stars, including Eric Clapton, Steve Winwood, Bill Wyman, and Charlie Watts, here he was backed by relatively unknown studio session players. The resulting album, The Howlin' Wolf Album, with its "comically bombastic" arrangements and instrumentation, was a musical and commercial failure. Wolf offered his assessment in an interview with Rolling Stone magazine: "Man ... that stuff's dogshit".
Cream renditions
The British rock group Cream recorded "Spoonful" for their 1966 UK debut album, Fresh Cream. They were part of a trend in the mid-1960s by rock artists to record a Willie Dixon song for their debut albums. |
408_4 | In an album review for AllMusic, Stephen Thomas Erlewine described Cream's rendition as "where the swirling instrumental interplay, echo, fuzz tones, and overwhelming volume constitute true psychedelic music, and also points strongly toward the guitar worship of heavy metal."
For the American release of Fresh Cream, "I Feel Free" was substituted for "Spoonful". Atco Records released the song in the US later in 1967 as a two-sided single (with some pressings misspelled as "Spoonfull"), but it failed to reach the Billboard Hot 100 record chart. To fit the 6:30 album track on a 45 rpm record, side one fades out at the beginning of the instrumental break (at 2:25) and side two begins just before the third verse (lasting 2:28). The unedited studio version made its US album debut on the Best of Cream compilation in 1969. |
408_5 | Cream frequently played "Spoonful" in concert, and the song evolved beyond the blues-rock form of the 1966 recording into a vehicle for extended improvised soloing influenced by the San Francisco music scene of the late 1960s. One such rendering, lasting nearly seventeen minutes, is included on their 1968 album Wheels of Fire. Although the album notes indicate "Live at the Fillmore", "Spoonful" was actually recorded at the Winterland Ballroom. |
408_6 | Recognition
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame listed Howlin' Wolf's "Spoonful" as one of the "500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll". It is ranked number 219 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In 2010, the song was inducted into the Blues Foundation Hall of Fame "Classics of Blues Recordings" category. In a statement by the foundation, it was noted that "Otis Rush has stated that Dixon presented 'Spoonful' to him, but the song didn't suit Rush's tastes and so it ended up with Wolf, and soon thereafter with Etta James". James' recording with Harvey Fuqua as "Etta & Harvey" reached number 12 on Billboard magazine's Hot R&B Sides chart and number 78 on its Hot 100 singles chart. However, Wolf’s original "was the one that inspired so many blues and rock bands in the years to come".
References
Bibliography |
408_7 | 1960 songs
Songs written by Willie Dixon
Blues songs
1961 singles
Chess Records singles
Howlin' Wolf songs
Etta James songs
Cream (band) songs
1967 singles
Song recordings produced by Felix Pappalardi |
409_0 | Baroness Paula von Gunther is a fictional character appearing in DC Comics publications and related media. Created by William Moulton Marston as an adversary for his comic book heroine Wonder Woman in Sensation Comics #4 (1942), the Baroness would become the Amazing Amazon's first recurring enemy. Though in her earliest appearances she was a cold-blooded Nazi spy and saboteur, the Baroness would reform into Wonder Woman's ally (albeit one who occasionally lapsed into villainy), appearing in Wonder Woman stories throughout the Golden, Silver and Bronze Age of Comics. After DC Comics rebooted its continuity in 1985 (in a publication event known as the Crisis on Infinite Earths), Wonder Woman, her supporting characters and many of her foes were re-imagined and reintroduced. Though the Baroness was initially absent in this revised set of storylines, she was eventually reintroduced to the continuity in 1998 by Wonder Woman writer/artist John Byrne who returned her to her roots as a |
409_1 | villainous Nazi mastermind. Re-imagined by Byrne as a devotee of the occult who placed her mystical knowledge at the service of the Third Reich, the Baroness became a vessel for the malevolent supernatural entity Dark Angel. |
409_2 | Fictional character biography
Pre-Crisis |
409_3 | Golden Age |
409_4 | A member of the noble class in pre-National Socialist Germany with the rank of Baroness, Paula von Gunther first appeared as a foe of Wonder Woman. She battled the Amazon numerous times as an agent of the Gestapo. Her many crimes include murdering many individuals, keeping a small group of women as personal slaves and torturing them routinely, was for a time the leader of all Gestapo operations in the United States, forcing American female citizens into becoming Nazi spies, attempting to kidnap a Colonel using an invisible ray on a ship while impersonating a high-society lady and stealing Wonder Woman's lasso while trying to steal secrets from security officers. She succeeded in capturing Wonder Woman with it and bound her hand and foot to a wooden pole using it. However Wonder Woman got off the pole and broke open a cage freeing a young boy named Freddy. He untied her hands, but Gunther returned and stopped Wonder Woman by pointing a gun at her back. However Freddy lassoed Gunther, |
409_5 | and Wonder Woman stopped her plan. She once tried to monopolize America's milk supply and charge high prices for it so that its people would have weak bones and fall before the stronger-boned Nazis after buying all the milk of a company for five years with seven million dollars. In her first appearance she discovered Wonder Woman’s weakness, which is if her bracelets were chained by a man she becomes as weak as an ordinary woman. While monopolizing milk, her men lassoed Wonder Woman and bound her hand and foot with chains. She was bound to railway tracks, but was able to free herself. |
409_6 | Von Gunther was finally captured and revealed that she had worked for the Nazis because they held her daughter Gerta captive. Von Gunther reformed and pledged her loyalty to Wonder Woman after Gerta was rescued. Von Gunther even put her own life in peril to save Wonder Woman from a burning munitions plant, suffering third-degree burns and a horribly scarred face. |
409_7 | Von Gunther went to trial, but Wonder Woman acted as her defense and got her off. Murder charges had to be thrown out on double jeopardy, because Paula had previously been tried, convicted...and executed for that crime in the electric chair, but her henchmen had revived her with an electrical machine she had invented after the Doctor gave her body to them (Sensation Comics #7). Von Gunther later escaped by tying up a guard and stealing her uniform, but was later recaptured by Wonder Woman. While in custody, Von Gunther risked her own life to stop a bomb from going off inside a munitions factory, and was burned as a result. Wonder Woman dramatically revealed Paula's scarred face to the jury, which was moved by Paula's heroic self-sacrifice and acquitted her of the remaining espionage and sabotage charges (Wonder Woman #3). |
409_8 | Paula returned to Paradise Island with her former slave girls and her daughter to live and undergo Amazon training. Queen Hippolyte moulded fine features on Paula's face, which the goddess Aphrodite blessed and magically converted into Paula's new face. Paula became the Amazons' chief scientist, spending part of her time on Paradise Island and part aiding Wonder Woman from a hidden underground laboratory beneath Holliday College. Her daughter Gerta also was a scientific savant, although her experiments sometimes led to accidents that needed Wonder Woman's help to fix. Gerta's enlarging ray, for example, was instrumental in helping Wonder Woman and Steve Trevor return to human size after escaping Atomia's atomic world, but also accidentally unleashed the menace of the Bughumans. At one point, her devices revived Wonder Woman, and another time, the Justice Society of America. |
409_9 | Silver Age
Her Earth-1 counterpart differed only slightly, as Baroness Paula von Gunta. The Earth-1 von Gunta appeared in Wonder Woman #163 and 168, before presumably following a similar path as the Earth-2 Paula and moving to Paradise Island to become an adopted Amazon and chief scientist.
The Earth-1 Paula was asked to replace Hippolyta as Amazon queen during a coup d'état, which was abruptly ended when the goddess Kore appeared to enlist the Amazons in a battle against the Anti-Monitor during the Crisis on Infinite Earths.
Post-Crisis
Following the events of the Crisis on Infinite Earths, it was revealed that the Baroness fought Hippolyta during the time-traveling queen's World War II adventures as Wonder Woman.
This Von Gunther was a mistress of the occult and became the human host for the evil wandering spirit, Dark Angel. Dark Angel became a dedicated foe of Hippolyta and was inadvertently responsible for the origin of Wonder Girl (Donna Troy). |
409_10 | Donna Troy was able to defeat Dark Angel, and at some point Dark Angel separated herself from von Gunther. The Baroness was last seen living among the Amazons.
Eventually, it was revealed that Dark Angel was not a mystical spirit but an extant multiversal doppelganger of Donna Troy.
DC Rebirth |
409_11 | After the events of DC Rebirth, Paula von Gunther's origin is altered. As a young girl, Helen was rescued by Wonder Woman from the violent nationalists group known as the Sons of Liberty. She was adopted by Harold and Petra Paul, though Wonder Woman continued to be present in Helen's life. As an adult, Helen joined A.R.G.U.S. However, she soon learned from the supervillain Leviathan that her birth parents were faction leaders of the Sons of Liberty and that her oldest ancestor is Gudra, a valkyrie with a grudge against the Amazons of Themyscira after they struck down her sisters on a supposed mission of peace. Helen, realizing Wonder Woman had lied to her, returned to her true name of Paula von Gunther and adopted the codename Warmaster. |
409_12 | As Warmaster, Paula began to assemble a group of female supervillains who have faced Wonder Woman in the past. She started with Devastation, who had been fighting with the hero Firebrand. The pair made their headquarters in Norway, and Warmaster revealed to Devastation that when she touched the Spear of Gudra, she heard the voices of her valkyrie ancestors who demanded Warmaster destroy the amazons who had betrayed them. Warmaster later traveled to Canada and recruited Armageddon, a descendant of ogres that had previously fought Wonder Woman. Lastly, Warmaster released Genocide from her tomb deep within a cave near the Tyrrhenian Sea.
While Devastation and Armageddon battled Donna Troy, Warmaster summoned Wonder Woman to her base in Norway. There, she battled Wonder Woman and managed to pierce the superheroine's shoulder with the Spear of Gudra. She threatened to have Genocide kill all the heroes guarding the portal to Themyscira unless Wonder Woman opened it and allowed her inside. |
409_13 | Powers and abilities
Pre-Crisis, Paula von Gunther had (after receiving training) standard Amazon powers, such as superhuman strength capable of breaking chains and leaping great heights, speed and stamina enough to deflect bullets and other projectiles from her Amazon Bracelets. She was also a skilled hand-to-hand combatant.
Post-Crisis, von Gunther was empowered when possessed by Dark Angel, who had vast powers and was able to perform a variety of feats including mind control, altering her size, teleportation and altering the time stream. |
409_14 | Post-Rebirth, Helen Paul is a highly decorated A.R.G.U.S. Agent whom graduated at the top of her class early on in life, being an avid spy and combatant at the age of 16. After having acquired the spear of Gudra; her great Valkyrie ancestor, she would gain vast empowerment through the heretical memory of all amongst the Von Gunther line whom fought against the Amazons in the past. She has also equipped herself with a vast assortment of secretive spy networking paraphernalia pinched by the Leviathan organization, acquired from its time during a globe spanning secret service agency annexation.
Other versions
Blue Amazon
In the original graphic novel Wonder Woman: The Blue Amazon, Paula von Gunther appears as a member of the Savanti, a trio of scientists who led humanity to live on Mars.
DC Bombshells
Baroness von Gunther appears as a Nazi commander in the DC Comics Bombshells universe. |
409_15 | The Legend of Wonder Woman
Baroness von Gunther appears as a minor antagonist in The Legend of Wonder Woman series. She mentions that she battled Wonder Woman on several occasions, and is allied with the Nazi party until Wonder Woman saves her daughter, Gerta.
Wonder Woman: Earth One
Baroness Paula von Gunther appears in the second volume of Wonder Woman: Earth One by writer Grant Morrison and artist Yanick Paquette. She is passionately obsessed with Wonder Woman from the moment they met, and she wanted to rule a world of women together with her, where men were slaves. Here she is given the alias of "Uberfraulein".
In other media |
409_16 | Television
Baroness von Gunther was one of only three enemies from the comic books to appear on the Wonder Woman television series, portrayed by Christine Belford in the 1976 episode "Wonder Woman Meets Baroness von Gunther".
Baroness Paula von Gunther appears in the opening segment of the 2011 Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "Scorn of the Star Sapphire!" voiced by Eliza Schneider. She attempts to launch missiles at a meeting of world leaders in Geneva, Switzerland, but is defeated and captured by Wonder Woman and Batman. During von Gunther's brief fight with Wonder Woman she activated a suit of cybernetic armor she was wearing, which gives her enhanced strength and durability; appearance-wise it is very similar to the suit of armor worn by another classic Wonder Woman enemy, Doctor Cyber.
Video games
Although not appearing directly, Baroness von Gunther is referenced in one of Cheetah's gear pieces in Injustice 2. |
409_17 | See also
List of Wonder Woman enemies
List of Wonder Woman supporting characters
References
External links
Jett, Brett. "Who Is Wonder Woman?--Bonus PDF"," (2009): "Major Villains", 1–17.
Marston, William Moulton. Emotions Of Normal People. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co, Ltd. 1928.
Scans and recap of WW#21, Paula as Amazon scientist
The Unofficial Baroness Paula von Gunther Biography
Wonder Woman Meets Baroness Paula von Gunther
Comics characters introduced in 1942
DC Comics Amazons
DC Comics LGBT supervillains
DC Comics female supervillains
Wonder Woman characters
Fictional barons and baronesses
Golden Age supervillains
DC Comics Nazis
Fictional lesbians
Fictional women soldiers and warriors
Characters created by William Moulton Marston
Characters created by H. G. Peter |
410_0 | Joseph Wulf (22 December 1912 – 10 October 1974) was a German-Polish Jewish historian. A survivor of the Auschwitz concentration camp, he was the author of several books about Nazi Germany and the Holocaust, including Das Dritte Reich und die Juden (with Léon Poliakov, 1955); Heinrich Himmler (1960); and Martin Bormann: Hitlers Schatten (1962). The House of the Wannsee Conference museum in Berlin houses the Joseph Wulf Library in his honour.
Early life
Born in Chemnitz, Germany, the child of a wealthy Jewish merchant, Wulf was raised from 1917 in Krakow, Poland, and educated there in Jewish studies and agriculture. His father had hoped he would become a rabbi, but he turned instead to writing. He married Jenta Falik-Dachner, with whom he had a son, David. |
410_1 | The Holocaust
After Nazi Germany occupied Poland in 1939, sparking World War II, the Wulf family was deported to the Krakow Ghetto. Wulf joined a group of Jewish resistance fighters, but he was captured and imprisoned in the Auschwitz concentration camp. He survived after fleeing, on 18 January 1945, during one of the notorious death marches that took place just before the camp's liberation, when the SS forced inmates to move to different camps. Wulf's wife and son survived the war by hiding with Polish peasants, but he lost his father, mother, brother, mother-in-law, and young niece. |
410_2 | Writing and research
At the end of the war, Wulf remained in Poland, where from 1945 to 1947 he co-founded the Central Jewish Historical Commission, publishing documents about Nazi Germany. He moved to Stockholm and in the summer of 1947 to Paris, working for a newspaper and the Centre pour l'Histoire des Juifs Polonais, where he met Léon Poliakov, the French historian. In 1952 he and his wife moved to Berlin. Steven Lehrer writes that Wulf "cut an unmistakeable figure ... [h]e dressed impeccably, carried a walking stick, and held a long cigarette holder clenched between his teeth at a jaunty angle." |
410_3 | Wulf and Poliakov co-wrote Das Dritte Reich und die Juden ("The Third Reich and the Jews"), 1955, published in Berlin by the Arani Verlag. It was followed by two more volumes, Das Dritte Reich und seine Diener ("The Third Reich and its Servants"), 1956, and Das Dritte Reich und seine Denker ("The Third Reich and its Thinkers"), 1959. Nicolas Berg writes that the work "marked the breaking of a West German taboo", placing the Holocaust at the centre of its study of Nazi Germany, unlike the approach of other German historians at the time, and using direct language. Violence and mass murder had been goals of the regime, they wrote, not a means to achieve some other goal. According to Berg, the books were generally regarded as important, but German historians looked down on them as unscholarly. |
410_4 | The first volume included a document signed by Otto Bräutigam, an adviser to Konrad Adenauer, West German Chancellor from 1949 to 1963. Bräutigam had worked for the Nazi's Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories. The document signed by Bräutigam said: "Through word of mouth, clarity may well have meanwhile been reached in the Jewish Question," an apparent reference to the Final Solution to the Jewish Question. The publication of this document attracted national and international press coverage. The Federal Defence Ministry refused to include the first volume in its list of books recommended for the German army's libraries, because it contained documents signed by military leaders during the Third Reich who were still active in West Germany. |
410_5 | Wulf went on to publish several more works about Nazi Germany, among them biographies of Heinrich Himmler and Martin Bormann. In 1961 he won the Leo Baeck Prize and in 1964 the Carl von Ossietzky Medal. He was also awarded an honorary doctorate by the Free University of Berlin.
Wannsee memorial
Proposal
In 1965 Wulf proposed that the villa in Berlin in which the 1942 Wannsee Conference was held should be made into a Holocaust memorial and research centre. During the Wannsee Conference, Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the Reich Security Main Office, had outlined to several leading Nazis, in somewhat coded language, the German government's plan to enact the Final Solution. In August 1966 Wulf co-founded, with Friedrich Zipfel and Peter Heilmann, the International Document Center Organization for the Study of National Socialism and Its Aftermath, and began campaigning to have it housed in the Wannsee Conference villa. |
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