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1499_25 | Sony Pictures Imageworks – Films include The Angry Birds Movie (2016), Sausage Party (2016), Over the Moon (2020)
Triggerfish Animation Studios – Films include Zambezia (2013), Khumba (2014)
Vanguard Animation - Films include Valiant (2005), Space Chimps (2008)
Walt Disney Animation Studios – Films include Bolt (2008), Tangled (2010), Wreck-It Ralph (2012), Frozen (2013), Big Hero 6 (2014), Zootopia (2016), Moana (2016) and Raya and the Last Dragon (2021)
Warner Animation Group – Films include The Lego Movie (2014), Storks (2016), The Lego Batman Movie (2017), Smallfoot (2018), Scoob! (2020)
Weta Digital – Films include The Adventures of Tintin (2011) The Pawpatrol Movie (2021) Frozen 2 (2019) |
1499_26 | Web animations
The popularity of websites that allow members to upload their own movies for others to view has created a growing community of independent and amateur computer animators. With utilities and programs often included free with modern operating systems, many users can make their own animated movies and shorts. Several free and open-source animation software applications exist as well. The ease at which these animations can be distributed has attracted professional animation talent also. Companies such as PowToon and Vyond attempt to bridge the gap by giving amateurs access to professional animations as clip art. |
1499_27 | The oldest (most backward compatible) web-based animations are in the animated GIF format, which can be uploaded and seen on the web easily. However, the raster graphics format of GIF animations slows the download and frame rate, especially with larger screen sizes. The growing demand for higher quality web-based animations was met by a vector graphics alternative that relied on the use of a plugin. For decades, Flash animations were the most popular format, until the web development community abandoned support for the Flash Player plugin. Web browsers on mobile devices and mobile operating systems never fully supported the Flash plugin. |
1499_28 | By this time, internet bandwidth and download speeds increased, making raster graphic animations more convenient. Some of the more complex vector graphic animations had a slower frame rate due to complex rendering compared to some of the raster graphic alternatives. Many of the GIF and Flash animations were already converted to digital video formats, which were compatible with mobile devices and reduced file sizes via video compression technology. However, compatibility was still problematic as some of the popular video formats such as Apple's QuickTime and Microsoft Silverlight required plugins. YouTube, the most popular video sharing website, was also relying on the Flash plugin to deliver digital video in the Flash Video format. |
1499_29 | The latest alternatives are HTML5 compatible animations. Technologies such as JavaScript and CSS animations made sequencing the movement of images in HTML5 web pages more convenient. SVG animations offered a vector graphic alternative to the original Flash graphic format, SmartSketch. YouTube offers an HTML5 alternative for digital video. APNG (Animated PNG) offered a raster graphic alternative to animated GIF files that enables multi-level transparency not available in GIFs.
Detailed examples and pseudocode
In 2D computer animation, moving objects are often referred to as "sprites." A sprite is an image that has a location associated with it. The location of the sprite is changed slightly, between each displayed frame, to make the sprite appear to move. The following pseudocode makes a sprite move from left to right: |
1499_30 | var int x := 0, y := screenHeight / 2;
while x < screenWidth
drawBackground()
drawSpriteAtXY (x, y) // draw on top of the background
x := x + 5 // move to the right
Computer animation uses different techniques to produce animations. Most frequently, sophisticated mathematics is used to manipulate complex three-dimensional polygons, apply "textures", lighting and other effects to the polygons and finally rendering the complete image. A sophisticated graphical user interface may be used to create the animation and arrange its choreography. Another technique called constructive solid geometry defines objects by conducting boolean operations on regular shapes, and has the advantage that animations may be accurately produced at any resolution.
Computer-assisted vis-à-vis computer-generated
To animate means, figuratively, to "give life to". There are two basic methods that animators commonly use to accomplish this. |
1499_31 | Computer-assisted animation is usually classed as two-dimensional (2D) animation. Drawings are either hand drawn (pencil to paper) or interactively drawn (on the computer) using different assisting appliances and are positioned into specific software packages. Within the software package, the creator places drawings into different key frames which fundamentally create an outline of the most important movements. The computer then fills in the "in-between frames", a process commonly known as Tweening. Computer-assisted animation employs new technologies to produce content faster than is possible with traditional animation, while still retaining the stylistic elements of traditionally drawn characters or objects.
Examples of films produced using computer-assisted animation are The Little Mermaid, The Rescuers Down Under, Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, The Lion King, Pocahontas, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Hercules, Mulan, The Road to El Dorado and Tarzan. |
1499_32 | Computer-generated animation is known as three-dimensional (3D) animation. Creators design an object or character with an X, a Y and a Z axis. No pencil-to-paper drawings create the way computer-generated animation works. The object or character created will then be taken into a software. Key-framing and tweening are also carried out in computer-generated animation but so are many techniques unrelated to traditional animation. Animators can break physical laws by using mathematical algorithms to cheat mass, force and gravity rulings. Fundamentally, time scale and quality could be said to be a preferred way to produce animation as they are major aspects enhanced by using computer-generated animation. Another positive aspect of CGA is the fact one can create a flock of creatures to act independently when created as a group. An animal's fur can be programmed to wave in the wind and lie flat when it rains instead of separately programming each strand of hair. |
1499_33 | A few examples of computer-generated animation movies are Toy Story, Antz, Ice Age, Happy Feet, Despicable Me, Frozen, and Shrek.
See also
Animation
Animation database
Autodesk
Avar (animation variable)
Computer-generated imagery (CGI)
New York Institute of Technology Computer Graphics Lab
Computer representation of surfaces
Hand-Over
Humanoid animation
List of animation studios
List of computer-animated films
List of computer-animated television series
Medical animation
Morph target animation
Machinima (recording video from games and virtual worlds)
Motion capture
Procedural animation
Ray tracing
Rich Representation Language
Skeletal animation
Timeline of computer animation in film and television
Virtual artifact
Wire-frame model
Twelve basic principles of animation
References
Citations
Works cited
External links
Animation
Animation techniques
Articles containing video clips |
1500_0 | Tow Law Town Association Football Club is an English non-league football club from Tow Law, County Durham, currently playing in the Northern League Division Two, in the tenth level of the English football league system. The team, nicknamed "The Lawyers", play their home games at Ironworks Road. The club's fans are known as "The Misfits". |
1500_1 | The club was founded in 1890 as Tow Law F.C., before adding the Town to their name in 1905, and throughout their history they have played in a number of local leagues including the Auckland and District League, the South Durham Alliance and the Crook and District League, before joining the Northern League in 1920. They have won the Northern League's Division Two twice—in 1988 and 1992—and its Division One on three occasions—in 1924, 1925 and 1995—but they have never been promoted or demoted from the Northern League since joining it more than 90 years ago. Tow Law reached the final of the FA Vase in 1998, having progressed all the way from the first round, but were beaten by Tiverton Town in the final at Wembley Stadium. |
1500_2 | History |
1500_3 | There was a football team operating in Tow Law as early as 1881, when a vicar captained the team. However, the club still playing today was founded as Tow Law in 1890. The club became one of the founding teams of the Auckland and District League in 1892, and won the Durham Amateur Cup the following year. They then joined the Northern League in 1894. In 1896 they won the Durham Challenge Cup. They left the Northern League, and played in the South Durham Alliance from 1900 to 1905. In 1905 the club changed its name to Tow Law Town which they have stuck with ever since. The club played in the Crook and District League from 1912 until 1914. After the end of World War I in 1918, the club again played in the Auckland and District League until 1920, when they returned to the Northern League where they have played ever since. The club were league winners two seasons in a row, in 1923–24 and 1924–25. They were runners up in 1928–29. In the Second World War they resigned from the Northern |
1500_4 | League on 20 March 1940 and their record of the season was deleted. They rejoined the league in 1945 on its resumption after the War. |
1500_5 | In the 1967–68 season, the club had their best ever run in the FA Cup. After reaching the first round proper, they beat Mansfield Town 5–1 at Ironworks Road, and took Shrewsbury Town to a second round replay after a 1–1 draw at home. The team went into the third round draw and were drawn against Arsenal at home. However this never happened because they were beaten 6–2 by Shrewsbury in the replay. Arsenal were said to be "saved from a fate worse than death – a trip to Tow Law in January." |
1500_6 | In 1974, they won the Northern League Cup, beating Ashington 2–1 in the final at Crook. In the summer of 1978, Chris Waddle started playing for the club. In the summer of 1980, while Waddle was working in a sausage factory, he was sold to Newcastle United for the fee of £1,000. Tow Law Town were runners-up in the 1988–89 season, before finally winning the league again in 1994–95, sitting 14 points clear at the end of the season. They missed out on the runners up spot the following year on goal difference. Harry Hodgson had long served as Chairman of the club, but stood down at the end of 1995–96, but as of 2011 he still remains a member of the committee. John Flynn took over as Chairman. At the end of 1996–97, Harry Dixon, another long standing official at the club, stood down as treasurer, but stayed on as the club's president. Kevin McCormick took over as treasurer. |
1500_7 | The club made their first and so far only visit to Wembley Stadium on 9 May 1998, by winning through to the final of the FA Vase, under the management of Peter Quigley and his assistant Tony Heslop. They reached the final, beating Taunton Town 5–4 on aggregate in a two legged semi-final. In reaching the final, Tow Law, with its population of only 2,200, became the smallest town to ever reach a Wembley final. The team took around 4,000 supporters with them down to London, about twice the population of Tow Law at the time. They were beaten in the final 1–0 by Tiverton Town. |
1500_8 | They finished second in the league in 1998–99 and 2001–02. With Harry Dixon's death in 2002, Harry Hodgson took up the post of President. In 2004, John Flynn stood down as chairman, and so for a year long period, Hodgson took up the title of club chairman as well. At the end of the 2004–05 season, he retired from the club. His replacement, Sandra Gordon, is still Chair at the club. She is the first ever female Chair of the club, and only the third in the history of the Northern League. In 2007, Bernard Fairbairn, who had followed his father and grandfather into the job, stood down as club secretary, a post he had held since 1961, giving him a total of 46 years in his position. Stephen Moralee has now taken over as club secretary. |
1500_9 | Sir Bobby Robson was raised a few miles away from Tow Law, in the village of Langley Park. He had held the title of life president at the club, and had helped them out when they hit financial difficulties after the 2001 foot and mouth crisis, which devastated the local area. He was known to spend a lot of time on the club, attending fund raisers and giving talks. On 1 August 2009, the club held a minute's silence before their game with Workington, following his death the day before.
At the end of the 2009–10 season, manager Dave Hagan and his assistant Eric Tate left the club. Hagan felt he could not operate a competitive team on the team's small budget, and so took up an assistant job at Consett. Ian Davison, a player at the club, took up managerial duties, acting as a player-manager, and appointing Gary Innes as his assistant. Steve Murray is the current Tow Law manager, taking up the role in December 2014. |
1500_10 | Colours and crest
Tow Law Town's home colours have traditionally been vertical black and white stripes with black shorts and socks. This is common amongst clubs in the North East of England; Premier League club Newcastle United play in black and white, but locally Spennymoor Town, Darlington, Ponteland United and Ashington also wear black and white kits. Tow Law Town's away strips consist of blue and red halves with blue shorts and socks. Between 2006 and 2009, the club were sponsored by McInerney Homes, in a £5,000 a year deal. In August 2010, local company Bodywork Direct took over the club shirt sponsorship deal.
The club was then sponsored by local firm Tow Law Plastering Services ltd. As of January 2020, the club's shirt sponsor is Tow Law Plastering Services Ltd. From June 2020 onwards the YouTuber WorkTheSpace is the shirt sponsor.
The club's crest features a colliery headframe, reflecting the strong history of coal mining in County Durham. |
1500_11 | Supporters and rivalries
Followers of Tow Law Town are known as the Misfits. In the club's run up to the FA Vase final in 1998, they left a "trail of devastation" in towns as they progressed through the rounds of competition. In 2007, a group of hooligans affiliating themselves with the Misfits caused trouble in Tow Law. However, not all of the club's fans are hooligans and on a number of occasions supporters have partaken in fund raising activities to raise money for the club. In April 2003, two supporters took part in a coast to coast bike ride in the hope of raising around £800 for the club. In July 2010, a group of the club's supporters took part in a ten-mile sponsored walk to raise £3,000 for the club, which at the time was in financial difficulty. In April 2011, two fans of the club from Genoa, Italy, traveled over 1,000 miles to Tow Law to see the club play. They said the club had "captured [their] imagination" with their cup runs in 1967 and 1998. |
1500_12 | Tow Law's main local rivals are Consett, based only away from each other, the two having played together in the Northern League since 1970.
Club records
Tow Law Town's best ever league finish has been three wins of the Northern League Division One (level 9 of the overall English football league system) in 1923–24, 1924–25 and 1994–95. The Lawyers have only ever progressed as far as the rounds proper of the FA Cup four times, reaching the first round in 1968–69, 1984–85 and 1989–90, and the second round in 1967–68 where they held Shrewsbury Town to a 1–1 draw at home but lost the replay 2–6. |
1500_13 | The club have only reached the rounds proper of the FA Trophy on four occasions, the first round in 1977–78 and 1990–91, and the second round in 1982–83, where they were beaten 0–3 by Altrincham after taking them to a replay, and in 1989–90, when they were beaten 0–2 by Bath City. They have twice reached the third round of the FA Amateur Cup, the first in 1969–70 when they were beaten 0–4 by St Albans City, and the second the following year in 1970–71 when they took Skelmersdale United to a replay and were beaten 0–1. Tow Law reached the final of the FA Vase in 1997–98 but lost 1–0 to Tiverton Town at Wembley Stadium.
The highest attendance figure recorded at Ironworks Road came when the team played Mansfield Town in the FA Cup first round in the 1967–68 season in front of a crowd of 5,500 people.
Current staff
A list of the current backroom staff at the club.
Honours
The following are the honours Tow Law have achieved since their foundation in 1890. |
1500_14 | League
Northern League Division One: 3
1923–24, 1924–25, 1994–95
Runners-up (4): 1928–29, 1988–89, 1998–99, 2001–02
Cup
FA Vase
Runners-up (1): 1997–98
Northern League Cup: 1
1973–74
Runners-up (5): 1947–48, 1951–52, 1968–69, 1988–89, 1997–98
Durham Challenge Cup: 1
1895–96
Durham Amateur Cup: 1
1892–93
J.R. Cleator Memorial Cup: 1
1994–95
Ernest Armstrong Memorial Trophy: 5
1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2001–02
Rothmans Overseas Cup: 1
1976–77
Former players
1. Players that have played/managed in the Football League or any foreign equivalent to this level (i.e. fully professional league).
2. Players with full international caps.
3. Players that hold a club record or have captained the club.
Kevin Dixon
Steve Howard
Chris Waddle
Brian Wake
Joe Wilson
For a full list see the category page - Category:Tow Law Town F.C. players
References
External links
Official website |
1500_15 | Tow Law Town at footballdatabase.eu
Interview with manager Ian Davison and secretary Stephen Moralee
Football clubs in England
Northern Football League
Football clubs in County Durham
Association football clubs established in 1890
GA-Class football in England articles
1890 establishments in England
Tow Law |
1501_0 | A cancer survivor is a person with cancer of any type who is still living. Whether a person becomes a survivor at the time of diagnosis or after completing treatment, whether people who are actively dying are considered survivors, and whether healthy friends and family members of the cancer patient are also considered survivors, varies from group to group. Some people who have been diagnosed with cancer reject the term survivor or disagree with some definitions of it.
How many people are cancer survivors depends on the definition used. Currently nearly 65% of adults diagnosed with cancer in the developed world are expected to live at least five years after the cancer is discovered. In the U.S. for example, about 11 million Americans alive today—one in 30 people–are either currently undergoing treatment for cancer or have done so in the past. |
1501_1 | Many cancer survivors describe the process of living with and beating cancer as a life-changing experience. It is not uncommon for survivors to use the experience as opportunities for creative self-transformation into a "better person" or as motivation to meet goals of great personal importance, such as climbing a mountain or reconciling with an estranged family member. This process of posttraumatic growth is called benefit finding. Cancer survivors often have specific medical and non-medical needs related to their cancer experience.
Definitions and alternatives
Macmillan Cancer Support in the UK defines a cancer survivor as someone who is "living with or beyond cancer", namely someone who:
has completed initial cancer management and has no apparent evidence of active disease;
is living with progressive disease and may be receiving cancer treatment, but is not in the terminal phases of illness; or
has had cancer in the past. |
1501_2 | The National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship (NCCS) pioneered the definition of survivor as being any person diagnosed with cancer, from the time of initial diagnosis until his or her death. This expansive definition of "survivor" includes people who are dying from untreatable cancer. NCCS later expanded the definition of survivor even further to include family, friends and voluntary caregivers who are affected by the diagnosis in any way. The US National Cancer Institute's Office of Cancer Survivorship uses a variant of this expanded definition. |
1501_3 | The word survivor is a loaded term. Within the breast cancer culture, survivorship is conferred upon women and men who are perceived as having suffered emotional or physical trauma, even if their breast cancer was a non-life-threatening pre-cancerous condition like LCIS or DCIS. The term tends to erase and degrade people who are dying of incurable cancer. This idea of survivorship emphasizes and values longevity of life after diagnosis, while overlooking issues of quality of life.
Some people reject the term survivor as being a narrow conceptualization of highly variable human experiences. Alternatives include alivers and thrivers, which put emphasis on living as well as possible, despite limitations and disability. A third term, the diers, is used by some terminally ill patients who reject the claim that dying is part of survivorship or should be covered up with inappropriately optimistic language. |
1501_4 | The term previvor has been used to describe unaffected carriers. Unaffected carriers, or previvors, are those who have not been diagnosed with cancer, but who know that they are likely to develop cancer due to certain genetic mutations that form a known cancer syndrome. They have survived the predisposition, or higher risk, of cancer. As such, this is the first generation in human history who, armed with information about a predisposition to a cancer after opting into DNA testing, can make informed choices prior to cancer diagnosis. The typical previvor has tested positive for a BRCA mutation and learned that she is at high risk for developing breast cancer and ovarian cancer, and is attempting to manage that risk through a combination of increased surveillance through mammograms, breast MRIs, pelvic ultrasounds, oophorectomy, bilateral mastectomy, and other medical procedures. There has been much controversy over the term previvor, due to the fact that the name compares these |
1501_5 | healthy women to people who have actually been diagnosed with invasive cancer. |
1501_6 | Needs of cancer survivors
People who have finished cancer treatment often have psychological and physical medical challenges. These effects can vary from person to person, change over time, and range in intensity from mild and intermittent to fully disabling. They commonly include fatigue, pain, sleep problems, physical side effects like lymphoedema, weight gain, anxiety and depression, fear of cancer recurrence, and impaired quality of life.
Psychosocial |
1501_7 | Returning to life
If the treatment is lengthy and disruptive, many patients experience some difficulty in returning to normal daily life. The energy needed to cope with a rigorous treatment program may have caused them to disconnect from previous daily patterns, such as working, normal self-care, and housekeeping. A small number of patients become dependent on the attention and sympathy that they received during their treatment and feel neglected when life returns to normal. There are tremendous implications that cancer has on the relationships that survivors have with their loved ones (particularly their partners) once their cancer has been treated, and social support plays a critical role in their long-term emotional adjustment.
Ongoing effects
Some survivors have to adjust to the idea that they will never be cured. |
1501_8 | Some survivors, even if the cancer has been permanently cured, struggle emotionally from the trauma of having experienced a life-threatening disease. Cancer survivors suffer from more psychological distress than those who have never experienced cancer (5.6% compared to 3.0%) Serious psychosocial distress was seen 40% more among cancer survivors of five years or more than in those who have never had cancer. About 10% develop major depressive disorder; others experience an adjustment disorder. In young adult cancer survivors, one small study found that 20% of participants met the full clinical diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and 45% to 95% displayed at least one symptom of PTSD. Survivors of adult cancer are at an increased risk of suicidal ideology (having thoughts about suicide), while as many as 13% of childhood cancer survivors experience suicidal ideology. Issues of pain and physical ailments have been hypothesized as major contributing factors in cancer |
1501_9 | survivors experiencing this suicidal ideology. |
1501_10 | Fear of cancer recurrence |
1501_11 | Patients whose cancer is in remission may still have to cope with the uncertainty that at any time their cancer could return without warning. After the initial treatment has ended, anxiety is more common among cancer survivors than among other people. This anxiety regarding the cancer's return is referred to as fear of cancer recurrence. Many patients are anxious that any minor symptom indicates that the cancer has returned, with as many as 9 in 10 patients fearful that their cancer will recur or spread. In addition to the appearance of any new aches and pains, common triggers for a fear that the cancer may return include hearing that someone else has been diagnosed with cancer, annual medical exams to determine whether the cancer recurred and news stories about cancer. This anxiety leads to more medical check ups, which can be measured even after a period of up to ten years. This fear can have a significant impact on individual's lives, resulting in difficulties in their daily life |
1501_12 | such as work and socialising, and difficulties planning for the future. Overall, fear of cancer recurrence is related to a reduced quality of life in cancer survivors |
1501_13 | While Fear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR) can be adaptive at low levels, high levels of FCR require psychological treatment. At present, there are no psychometrically sound measures of FCR, which makes research into the effectiveness of treatment protocols difficult to interpret. Treatments that are being investigated include: cognitive-behavioural therapy, Meta-cognitive therapy and Cognitive-existential group therapy mindfulness-based interventions, and exercise. |
1501_14 | Survivorship
The cultural ideal of a survivor may add to individual patients' distress if the patient is unable or unwilling to live up to the ideal. As described by Gayle Sulik in her book Pink Ribbon Blues: How Breast Cancer Culture Undermines Women's Health, the ideal survivor is bravely committed to mainstream medicine and optimistic or even certain of a physical cure. She is open about diagnosis and treatment and become an educated, empowered medical consumer. The ideal survivor, like a superwoman who simultaneously manages her home, family, and career, struggles valiantly to prevent cancer from affecting loved ones by appearing, behaving, and working as much as possible. Once the immediate crisis is past, the person may feel strongly pressured to donate time, money, and energy to cancer-related organizations. Above all, the ideal survivor does not die of cancer. People who publicly conform to this ideal are given social status and respect. |
1501_15 | Physical
In terms of medical challenges, some survivors experience cancer-related fatigue, may have long-term side effects from cancer and its treatment, and may need extensive rehabilitation for mobility and function if aggressive surgery was required to remove the cancer. They may experience temporary or persistent post-chemotherapy cognitive impairment. Some young survivors lose their ability to have children. |
1501_16 | Cancer survivors frequently need medical monitoring, and some treatments for unrelated diseases in the future may be contraindicated. For example, a patient who has had a significant amount of radiation therapy may not be a good candidate for more radiation treatments in the future. To assist with these needs, "survivor care plans" have been promoted. These are personalized documents that describe the person's diagnosis and treatment in detail, list common known side effects, and specifically outline the steps that the survivor should take in the future, ranging from maintaining a healthy weight to receiving specific medical tests on a stated schedule. |
1501_17 | Medical tests to determine whether the cancer has returned commonly provoke fears. Informally, this is called scanxiety, a portmanteau of scan and anxiety. A desire to avoid feeling this fear can prompt survivors to postpone or refuse tests. This may be able to be helped by the follow up of people who have had cancer post-treatment being undertaken via self-reported patient-related outcome measures rather than follow up visits but there is not enough controlled research looking into this. |
1501_18 | Survivors of childhood cancer have a life expectancy up to 28% shorter than people in the general population. Therefore, there is a need to closely monitor these patients for much longer than usual. The Children's Oncology Group recommends that monitoring should include periodic follow up and screening by a clinician familiar with these patients' risks. Improving these patients' longevity requires recognition and treatment of illnesses associated with late effects in the decades after therapy for childhood cancer. For example, survivors of childhood cancer may have more difficulty than typical with breastfeeding and require more support to undertake this health-promoting activity. Childhood cancer survivors are also at risk for developing adverse renal effects. Others experience various forms of heart disease. One challenge to achieving this goal is that childhood cancer survivors are both very adaptable and accustomed to denying difficulties; as a result, they tend to minimize their |
1501_19 | symptoms. Therefore, internists may not give them all the attention they need and thus the actual help they may need. Symptom management, health promotion, specific attention to psychosocial needs, and surveillance for recurrence and specific late effects of treatment are helpful. Health behaviour interventions may be able to reduce the impact of some of the chronic issues cancer survivors face by improving their dietary intake. Likewise, physical exercise training interventions may have positive effects on physical fitness, including cardio-respiratory fitness, muscle strength and health-related quality of life. |
1501_20 | Adolescent and young adult survivors |
1501_21 | Adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors, often defined as being between the ages of 15 and 39, have seen advancements in technology and modern medicine causing a dramatic increase in the number of AYA survivors. Prior to 1970, being diagnosed with cancer during childhood was considered a universally fatal disease. From 1995 to 2000, however, the 5-year survival rate for children diagnosed with cancer was 80%. Significant progress has been built in the last 25 years as there are now approximately 270,000 survivors of pediatric cancer in the U.S., which translates to approximately 1 in every 640 young adults being a survivor of childhood cancer. However, as studies have shown, as patient needs increase, the likelihood of having an unmet need also increases. For the AYA population, 2 out of 3 childhood cancer survivors will develop 1 complication due to the therapy they received and 1 out of 3 will develop serious or life-threatening complications, meaning they will most likely need |
1501_22 | treatment and follow-up care. In addition, AYAs may experience greater difficulties adhering to treatment, which may negatively impact future outcomes. |
1501_23 | An AYA survivor faces a variety of issues as a result of their cancer diagnosis and treatment that are unique to their particular age group which differentiate their survivor population from the adult survivor population. For example, AYA survivors report that their education, employment, sexual functioning, marriage, fertility, and other life values are impacted by their cancer. Data show that AYA survivors have a much greater risk of getting a second primary malignancy as a side effect of the treatment for their original diagnosis. It is believed that AYAs have a much higher relative risk of developing a second primary cancer because the intensity of the treatment for their original diagnosis, typically including any combination of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation, is much higher than the level of intensity given to patients over 40. Furthermore, since AYA survivors are diagnosed and treated at such a young age, their length of time as a survivor is much longer than their |
1501_24 | adult counterparts, making it more likely they will face a second primary cancer in their lifetime. |
1501_25 | Barriers to quality long-term follow-up care
Childhood cancer survivors, in particular, need comprehensive long-term follow-up care to thrive. One way this can be accomplished is through continuous follow-up care with a primary care physician who is trained to identify possible late effects from previous treatments and therapies. |
1501_26 | The Children's Oncology Group (COG) has designed a set of survivorship guidelines that hope to aid both health care professionals and survivors themselves, in both the intricacies and basics of long-term follow-up care. The COG has guidelines for how a patient should put together their own "treatment summary", so they can have their treatment history with them when they visit any health care provider. The COG suggests that a survivor include the following in his/her treatment summary:
Name of disease, date of diagnosis, stage of disease, contact information of the clinics/hospitals where you received your care
Names and doses of the chemotherapy and radiation you have received and the area of the body that was radiated
Names and dates of any surgeries you have had
If you have received a transplant, the type of transplant and where it was received and whether you developed any chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease |
1501_27 | Names and dates of any significant complications and treatment received for those complications |
1501_28 | With the treatment summary, experts hope that survivors will be better equipped to face the significant burden of maintaining quality follow-up care long after their original treatment. This is especially important for the AYA population, in particular, because they are typically facing major social changes regarding their relationship status, employment or education status, their insurance coverage, and even their place of residence, etc. Typically, most of these factors are pretty constant for the adult population and if they experience any changes, it would occur in one or two aspects of their life. However, with the AYA population, the period of time until they are 40 is when they are going to, for the majority of the population, undergo the most change. This reality underscores the importance of a smooth transition from child-centered to adult-focused health care services through which they are consistently managed. |
1501_29 | Impact of Affordable Care Act on the AYA survivor population
The US Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010 makes it illegal for health insurance providers to deny coverage for a pre-existing condition, such as previously having survived cancer. Young adults will now be required to have insurance coverage and, with a few exceptions, will be able to be covered under their parent's coverage until the age of 26 as a dependent in their parent's plan. |
1501_30 | Care
Studies among endometrial cancer survivors show that satisfaction with information provided about the disease and treatment increases the quality of life, lowers depression and results in less anxiety. People who receive information on paper, compared to oral, indicate that they receive more information and are more satisfied about the information provided. The American Institute of Medicine and the Dutch Health Council recommend the use of a Survivorship Care Plan; which is a summary of a patient's course of treatment, with recommendations for subsequent surveillance, management of late effects, and strategies for health promotion. |
1501_31 | Cancer survivors are encouraged to meet the same guidelines for physical activity as the rest of the population. However, less than 1/3 of US cancer survivors met Physical Activity Guideline for Americans. Increased physical activity reduces both all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in breast and colo-rectal cancer survivors as well as all cancer survivors. In addition, sedentary behaviors, particularly prolonged sitting, were associated with worse survival outcomes. Physical activity improves quality of life among a range of cancer survivors and may also assist with cancer-related fatigue and common co-morbidities.
Diet can also impact long-term mortality, with evidence across various cancer types.
However, adherence to diet and exercise recommendations among cancer survivors is often poor.
Digital behaviour change interventions can be successful at increasing physical activity and may also help with diet in cancer survivors. |
1501_32 | In breast cancer survivors, home-based multidimensional survivorship programmes have short term beneficial impacts on quality of life and can reduce anxiety, fatigue and insomnia. Meta-analyses examining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based survivorship programs suggest it is an effective way to improve the mental health of cancer survivors.
Family members
Family members can be significantly affected by the cancer experience of their loved ones. For parents of children with cancer, finishing treatment can be a particularly vulnerable time. In the post-treatment period, some parents may experience increases in anxiety, depression and feelings of helplessness. Evidence-based psychological interventions tailored to the needs of parents of childhood cancer survivors may assist parents in resuming their normal lives after their child has finished treatment. |
1501_33 | Spouses of cancer survivors are more likely than other people to experience anxiety in the years after their partner's successful treatment.
See also
Learning problems in childhood cancer
Psycho-oncology
Notes
References
External links
Patient Guide on Survivorship at Esmo.org by the European Society for Medical Oncology
Information about survivorship at Cancer.Net by the American Society of Clinical Oncology
National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship
Oncology |
1502_0 | This is a list of the association football competitions past and present for international teams and for club football, in individual countries and internationally. Confirmed future competitions are also included.
The competitions are grouped by organising authority: the FIFA (international association), the six confederations (continental associations), and the federations (national associations)
For more information in each year, see: Association football by year.
Intercontinental competitions
This section lists the worldwide and intercontinental competitions ruled by the FIFA, by two or more confederations or by two or more federations member of different confederations.
National teams
Worldwide
FIFA World Cup : Final tournament will be determined by Qualifiers held within the six FIFA continental zones.
FIFA Women's World Cup : Women's
Olympic Football Tournament
FIFA Confederations Cup : defunct
1980 Mundialito : defunct
Intercontinental |
1502_1 | Artemio Franchi Trophy : also known as European/South American Nations Cup ; the competition between winners of Copa America and UEFA European Championship. It will be revived in 2022, also referred to as a Finalissima (Finalísima).
UEFA–CAF Meridian Cup : defunct under-18 men tournament between teams from Europe and Africa
Pan American Games
Afro-Asian Cup of Nations
Indian Ocean Island Games
Invitational tournaments
Invitational tournaments are competitions that feature a cup, sometimes holding the name of the host country. The host country invites other nations to participate in the tournament. |
1502_2 | Aisha Buhari Cup ： Women's
Albena Cup ： Women's
Algarve Cup : Women's
Algeria International Football Tournament
Aphrodite Women Cup ： Women's
Arnold Clark Cup : Women's
Australia Bicentenary Gold Cup
Balaton Cup ： Women's
Balkan Cup
Bangabandhu Cup
Brazil Independence Cup
Canada Cup
China Cup
Corsica Football Cup
Coupe de l'Outre-Mer
CTFA International Tournament
Cyprus Women's Cup : Women's
Cyprus International Football Tournament
FA Summer Tournament
FFA Cup of Nations ： Women's
Flying Officers Cup ： Women's
Four Nations Tournament (China)
Four Nations Tournament (Zambia)
Four Nations Tournament : Women's
Friendship Tournament
Fuchs International Tournament
Hassan II Trophy
Indonesian Independence Cup
England Challenge Cup
Intercontinental Cup (India)
International Friendship Championship
Istria Cup : Women's
Jakarta Anniversary Tournament
Korea Cup
King's Cup
Kirin Cup : Invitational tournament / Kirin Challenge Cup : International friendly match
Kuneitra Cup
LG Cup |
1502_3 | Lunar New Year Cup
Malta Women's Tournament : Women's
Merlion Cup
Mundialito ： Women's
Nehru Cup
Nordic Football Championship
Peace Queen Cup ： Women's
Pestabola Merdeka
Pinatar Cup : Women's
Rous Cup
SheBelieves Cup : Women's
South Vietnam Independence Cup
Sud Ladies Cup ： Women's
Taça das Nações
Tournament of Nations : Women's
Torneio Internacional de Futebol Feminino ： Women's
Tournoi de France
Triangular de Oro
Turkish Women's Cup : Women's
Umbro Cup
Unity Cup
U.S.A. Bicentennial Cup Tournament
VFF Cup
Women's Baltic Cup ： Women's
Women's World Invitational Tournament ： Women's
Yongchuan International Tournament : Women's |
1502_4 | Arab
FIFA Arab Cup
Pan Arab Games
Arabian Gulf Cup
Palestine Cup of Nations : defunct
Arab Women's Cup : Women's
Arab Cup U-20 : Under-20
National youth teams
FIFA U-20 World Cup : under-20 men
FIFA U-17 World Cup : under-17 men
FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup : under-20 women
FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup : under-17 women
Summer Universiade
Youth Olympic Football Tournament
Danone Nations Cup : between the ages of 10 and 12
International Youth Soccer in Niigata : Under-17
Montaigu Tournament : Under-16
Panda Cup
Sanix Cup International Youth Soccer Tournament
SBS Cup
Sendai Cup : Under-19 or 18
SuperCupNI
Toulon Tournament
Clubs
Worldwide
FIFA Club World Cup : tournament between the winners of that year's AFC, CAF, CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, OFC and UEFA, along with the host nation's national league champions.
Intercontinental |
1502_5 | Intercontinental Cup : defunct competition endorsed between UEFA and CONMEBOL ; known as Toyota European/South American Cup from 1980 to 2004.
Copa Interamericana : defunct. between CONCACAF and CONMEBOL
Afro-Asian Club Championship : defunct. between AFC and CAF
International Women's Club Championship : Women's
Intercontinental Futsal Cup : Futsal
Pre-season friendly / invitational tournaments |
1502_6 | Amsterdam Tournament
ANFA Cup
Audi Cup
BTV Cup
Dubai Cup
Edmonton Cup
Emirates Cup
Eusébio Cup
Florida Cup
Football World Championship : defunct
Friendship Trophy
Geoff Harvey Memorial Vase : 4-team tournament presented by Corinthian-Casuals F.C.
HKFC Soccer Sevens
International Champions Cup
J.League World Challenge
Lunar New Year Cup
Maradona Cup : scheduled to start in 2021
MLS All-Star Game
Peace Cup
Premier League Asia Trophy
Queen's Cup : defunct
Ramón de Carranza Trophy
Saitama City Cup
Teresa Herrera Trophy
Trofeo Colombino
Trofeo Joan Gamper
Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu
Uhrencup
Vodacom Challenge
Wembley Cup : defunct
Wembley International Tournament
Women's International Champions Cup : Women's
World Football Challenge
Arab
Arab Club Champions Cup
GCC Champions League
Arab Cup Winners' Cup : defunct
Arab Super Cup : defunct
Japanese-South American
J.League Cup / Copa Sudamericana Championship
Youth teams |
1502_7 | Alkass International Cup : Under-17
Balcom BMW CUP Prayer for Peace; Hiroshima International Youth Soccer Games
Dallas Cup
Gothia Cup
J.League International Youth Cup
Manchester United Premier Cup
Montaigu Tournament : Under-16
Otten Cup
Torneo di Viareggio
AFC (Asian competitions)
This section lists the competitions ruled by the AFC (Asian Football Confederation), or by federations member the AFC.
National teams
AFC competitions
AFC Asian Cup : 1st-tier cup ; Qualification is linked with AFC Asian Qualifiers for the FIFA World Cup.
AFC Solidarity Cup : 2nd-tier cup
AFC Challenge Cup : defunct
AFC U23 Asian Cup : Linked with Qualifiers for the Men's Olympic Football Tournament.
AFC U20 Asian Cup
AFC U17 Asian Cup
AFC Women's Asian Cup : Women's cup ; Linked with Qualifiers for the FIFA Women's World Cup.
AFC Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament : Women's
AFC U20 Women's Asian Cup : Women's
AFC U17 Women's Asian Cup : Women's
Asian Games
Sub-federation competitions |
1502_8 | AFF Championship
CAFA Championship
EAFF E-1 Football Championship
SAFF Championship
WAFF Championship
Arabian Gulf Cup
East Asian Games : defunct
East Asian Youth Games
South Asian Games
Southeast Asian Games
West Asian Games
Three Nations Cup : Hosted by the KFU
Three Nations Cup : Hosted by the ANFA
Clubs
AFC competitions
AFC Champions League : 1st-tier cup
AFC Cup : 2nd-tier cup
Asian Cup Winners' Cup : defunct
AFC President's Cup : defunct
Asian Super Cup : defunct
Afro-Asian Club Championship : defunct
AFC Women's Club Championship : Women's
Sub-federation competitions
GCC Champions League
WAFF Champions League
ASEAN Club Championship
Sheikh Kamal International Club Cup
Mekong Club Championship
WAFF Women's Clubs Championship : Women's
Afghanistan
Australia
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Leagues
Bhutan Premier League : 1st-tier
Bhutan Super League : 2nd-tier
Dzongkhag (District) League : 3rd-tier
Cups
Jigme Dorji Wangchuk Memorial Gold Cup : National cup
Brunei |
1502_9 | Leagues
Brunei Super League : 1st-tier
District leagues : 2nd-tier
Brunei Premier League : defunct
Cups
Brunei FA Cup : National cup
Brunei Super Cup : Super cup
Borneo Cup : defunct
Cambodia
Leagues
C-League : 1st-tier
Cambodian Second League : 2nd-tier
Cups
Hun Sen Cup : National cup
CNCC Charity Cup : Super cup
FFC Cup
FFC Challenge Cup
China PR
Guam
Leagues
Guam Soccer League : 1st-tier
Division 1
Division 2
Cups
Guam FA Cup : National cup
Hong Kong
Leagues
Hong Kong Premier League : 1st-tier
First Division : 2nd-tier
Second Division : 3rd-tier
Third Division : 4th-tier
Cups
Hong Kong Community Cup : Super cup
Hong Kong FA Cup : National cup
Hong Kong FA Cup Junior Division : Lower cup
Senior Shield : National cup
Sapling Cup : League cup
Viceroy Cup : defunct
Hong Kong League Cup : defunct
India
All India Football Federation
All India Football Federation: League management and operation
Men's Competitions |
1502_10 | Leagues
Indian Super League : 1st-tier
I-League : 1st-tier (started as National Football League)
I-League 2nd Division : 2nd-tier
Cups
AIFF Super Cup : National cup (Previously as Federation Cup)
Durand Cup
IFA Shield
Rovers Cup
Indian Super Cup (1997–2011) : defunct
Youth League
Elite League
Youth League : U18
Juniors League : U15
Sub-Juniors League : U13
Futsal
Premier Futsal
International domestic competition
Intercontinental Cup
Nehru Cup : defunct
Non-professional competitions
Santosh Trophy Men's National Championship
Regional Leagues
Women's Competitions
Leagues
Indian Women's League
Cups
Indian Women's National Championship
Regional Leagues
Indonesia
Leagues
Liga 1 : 1st-tier
Liga 2 : 2nd-tier
Liga 3 : 3rd-tier
Indonesian Futsal League
Indonesian Women Football Tournament
Domestic cups
Piala Indonesia : National cup
Piala Presiden : Pre-season cup
Menpora Cup : Pre-season cup
Soeratin Cup : Youth cup |
1502_11 | International cups
Jakarta Anniversary Tournament
Indonesia Independence Cup
Defunct
Indonesia Soccer Championship
First Division
Second Division
Third Division
Indonesia Super League All-Star Game : Special competitions
Community Shield : Defunct cup
Inter Island Cup : Defunct cup
Iran
Iraq
Leagues
Iraqi Premier League : 1st-tier
Iraq Division One : 2nd-tier
Iraq Division Two : 3rd-tier
Iraq Division Three : 4th-tier
Cups
Iraq FA Cup : National cup
Iraqi Super Cup : Super cup
Defunct
Iraqi Elite Cup
Iraqi National League (Institutions)
Iraq FA Baghdad Cup
Iraq Central FA First Division
Iraq Central FA Second Division
Iraq Central FA Third Division
Iraq Central FA Fourth Division
Independent Baghdad Tournament
Iraq FA Basra First Division
Iraq FA Basra Second Division
Iraq FA Basra Third Division
Iraq FA Kirkuk First Division
Iraq FA Kirkuk Second Division
Iraq FA Mosul League
Iraq Central FA Perseverance Cup
Iraq Central FA Second Division Perseverance Cup
Japan
Jordan |
1502_12 | Leagues
Jordanian Pro League : 1st-tier
Jordan League Division 1 : 2nd-tier
Cups
FA Cup : National cup
Super Cup : Super cup
FA Shield : Pre-season cup
Kuwait
Leagues
Kuwait Premier League : 1st-tier
Kuwaiti Division One : 2nd-tier
Cups
Kuwait Emir Cup : National cup
Kuwait Crown Prince Cup : National cup
Kuwait Federation Cup : League cup
Kuwait Super Cup : Super cup
Al Kurafi Cup : defunct
Kyrgyzstan
Leagues
Kyrgyz Premier League : 1st-tier
Kyrgyz First League : 2nd-tier
Qyrğyz Ekinçi Ligasy : 3rd-tier
Cups
Kyrgyzstan Cup : National cup
Kyrgyzstan Super Cup : Super cup
Laos
Leagues
Lao League 1 : 1st-tier
Lao League 2 : 2nd-tier
Cups
Laotian Prime Minister's Cup
Lao FF Cup : National cup
Lao FF Super Cup
Lebanon
Leagues
Lebanese Premier League : 1st-tier
Lebanese Second Division : 2nd-tier
Lebanese Third Division : 3rd-tier
Lebanese Fourth Division : 4th-tier
Lebanese Fifth Division : 5th-tier |
1502_13 | Cups
Lebanese FA Cup : National cup
Lebanese Super Cup : Super cup
Lebanese Elite Cup
Lebanese Challenge Cup
Lebanese Federation Cup : defunct
Macau
Leagues
Liga de Elite : 1st-tier
Campeonato da 2ª Divisão do Futebol : 2nd-tier
Campeonato da 3ª Divisão do Futebol : 3rd-tier
Cups
Taça de Macau em futebol : National cup
Malaysia
Leagues
Malaysia Super League : 1st-tier
Malaysia Premier League : 2nd-tier
Malaysia M3 League : 3rd-tier
Malaysia M4 League : 4th-tier
Cups
Malaysia FA Cup : National Cup
Piala Sumbangsih : Super cup
Malaysia Cup : Domestic Cup
Malaysia Challenge Cup : Domestic Cup
Malaysia FAM Cup : Domestic Cup
Airmarine Cup : National Team Cup
Merdeka Cup : National Team Cup
Maldives
Leagues
Dhivehi Premier League : 1st-tier
Second Division : 2nd-tier
Third Division : 3rd-tier
Cups
FA Cup : National cup
President's Cup
FA Charity Shield : Super cup
Mongolia |
1502_14 | Leagues
Mongolian National Premier League : 1st-tier
Mongolian First League : 2nd-tier
Mongolia Second League : 3rd-tier
National Amateur Cup : 4th-tier
Cups
MFF Cup : National cup
MFF Super Cup : Super cup
Myanmar
Nepal
Leagues
Martyr's Memorial A-Division League : 1st-tier
Martyr's Memorial B-Division League : 2nd-tier
Martyr's Memorial C-Division League : 3rd-tier
Cups
Aaha Gold Cup
Budda Subba Gold Cup
Pokhara Cup
Simara Gold Cup
Udayapur Gold Cup
Ncell Cup : National cup
Birat Gold Cup
Northern Mariana Islands
Leagues
M★League : 1st-tier
M*League Division 2
North Korea
Leagues
DPR Korea Premier Football League : 1st-tier
: 2nd-tier
: 3rd-tier
Technical Innovation Contests : defunct
Cups
Hwaebul Cup : National cup
Man'gyŏngdae Prize
Osandŏk Prize
Paektusan Prize
Poch'ŏnbo Torch Prize
Republican Championship
Oman
Leagues
Oman Professional League : 1st-tier
Oman First Division League : 2nd-tier
Oman Second Division League : 3rd-tier |
1502_15 | Cups
Sultan Qaboos Cup : National cup
Super Cup : Super cup
Oman Professional League Cup
Omani Prince Cup : defunct
Palestine
Leagues
Gaza Strip Premier League : 1st-tier
Gaza Strip First League : 2nd-tier
Gaza Strip Second League : 3rd-tier
West Bank Premier League : 1st-tier
West Bank First League : 2nd-tier
West Bank Second League : 3rd-tier
Cups
Palestine Cup : National cup
Gaza Strip Cup
West Bank Cup
Gaza Strip Super Cup : Super cup
West Bank Super Cup : Super cup
Yasser Arafat Cup : Domestic cup
Pakistan
Leagues
Pakistan Premier League : Premier Division
PFF League : 2nd Division
Karachi Football League : 4th Division
KASB Premier League Karachi : based City league
Geo Super Football League : Defunct
Cups
Pakistan National Football Challenge Cup : National cup
Philippines
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
South Korea
Sri Lanka
Leagues
S1 League : 1st-tier
Kit Premier League Division I : 2nd-tier
Kit Premier League Division II : 3rd-tier
Cups |
1502_16 | Sri Lanka FA Cup : National cup
Syria
Leagues
Syrian Premier League : 1st-tier
Syrian League 1st Division : 2nd-tier
Syrian League 2nd Division : 3rd-tier
Cups
Syrian Cup : National cup
Syrian Super Cup : Super cup
Taiwan (Chinese Taipei)
Tajikistan
Leagues
Vysshaya Liga : 1st-tier
Tajikistan First League : 2nd-tier
Tajikistan Second League : 3rd-tier
Tajikistan Regional Leagues : 4th-tier
Cups
Tajikistan Cup : National cup
Tajikistan Super Cup : Super cup
TFF Cup : Pre-season cup
Thailand
Thai League 3 and Thai League 4 are now restructuring for the upcoming football season in September 2020.
Timor-Leste
Leagues
Liga Futebol Timor-Leste
Liga Futebol Amadora Primeira Divisão : 1st-tier
Liga Futebol Amadora Segunda Divisão : 2nd-tier
Liga Futebol Amadora Terceira Divisão : 3rd-tier
Cups
Taça 12 de Novembro : National cup
LFA Super Taça : Super cup
Turkmenistan
Leagues
Turkmenistan Higher League : 1st-tier
Turkmenistan First League : 2nd-tier
Cups |
1502_17 | Turkmenistan Cup : National cup
Turkmenistan Super Cup : Super cup
United Arab Emirates
Leagues
UAE Pro League : 1st-tier
UAE First Division League : 2nd-tier
UAE Second Division League : 3rd-tier
Cups
UAE President's Cup : National cup
UAE League Cup : League cup
UAE Super Cup : Super cup
Uzbekistan
Leagues
Uzbekistan Super League : 1st-tier
Uzbekistan Pro League : 2nd-tier
Uzbekistan Pro-B League : 3rd-tier
Uzbekistan Second League : 4th-tier
Uzbekistan Regional Championships : 5th and below
Cups
Uzbekistan Cup : National cup
Uzbekistan League Cup : League cup
Uzbekistan Super Cup : Super cup
Uzbekistan PFL Cup
Vietnam
Leagues
V.League 1 : First Level
V.League 2 : Second Level
Vietnamese League Two : Third Level
Vietnamese League Three : Fourth Level
Vietnamese Women's Football Championship
Cups
Vietnamese National Football Cup : National cup
Vietnamese Super Cup : Super cup
Yemen
Leagues
Yemeni League : 1st-tier
Yemeni Second Division : 2nd-tier |
1502_18 | Cups
Yemeni President Cup : National cup
Yemeni Super Cup : Super cup
CAF (African competitions)
This section lists the competitions ruled by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), or by federation members of the CAF.
National teams
Africa Cup of Nations
African Nations Championship
Afro-Asian Cup of Nations : defunct
Africa U-23 Cup of Nations : Linked with Qualifiers for the Men's Olympic Football Tournament.
Africa U-20 Cup of Nations
Africa U-17 Cup of Nations
Africa Women Cup of Nations : Women's cup ; Linked with Qualifiers for the FIFA Women's World Cup.
CAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament : Women's
African U-20 Women's World Cup qualification : Women's
African U-17 Cup of Nations for Women : Women's
African Games
Sub-federation competitions
CECAFA Senior Challenge Cup
COSAFA Cup
COSAFA Women's Championship : Women's
WAFU Nations Cup
CEMAC Cup: defunct |
1502_19 | Clubs
CAF Champions League : 1st-tier cup
CAF Confederation Cup : 2nd-tier cup
CAF Super Cup : Super cup
CAF Women's Champions League : Women's
CAF Cup : defunct
African Cup Winners' Cup : defunct
Afro-Asian Club Championship : defunct
Sub-federation competitions
UNAF Nessma Cup
West African Club Championship
CECAFA Club Cup
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Leagues
Benin Premier League : 1st-tier
Benin Second Division : 2nd-tier
Cups
Benin Cup : National cup
Benin Super Cup : Super cup
Botswana
Leagues
Botswana Premier League : 1st-tier
Botswana First Division North : 2nd-tier
Botswana First Division South : 2nd-tier
Botswana Division One : 3rd-tier
Cups
FA Challenge Cup (Botswana) : National cup
Botswana Independence Cup
Orange Kabelano Charity Cup
Mascom Top 8 Cup : Cup (Top 8 of 1st-tier League)
Burkina Faso
Leagues
Burkinabé Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups
Coupe du Faso : National cup
Burkinabé SuperCup : Super cup
Burundi
Leagues
Burundi Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups |
1502_20 | Burundian Cup : National cup
Burundi Super Cup : Super cup
Cameroon
Leagues
Championnat du Cameroun de football : 1st-tier
Cameroon Deuxième Division : 2nd-tier
Cups
Cameroon Cup : National cup
Super Coupe Roger Milla : Super cup
Cape Verde
Leagues
Cape Verdean Football Championship : 1st-tier
Santiago South Premier Division
Cups
Cape Verdean Cup : National cup
Cape Verdean Super Cup : Super cup
Cape Verde Independence Cup
Central African Republic
Leagues
Central African Republic League : 1st-tier
Central African Republic League D2 : 2nd-tier
Cups
Coupe Nationale : National cup
Central African Republic Supercoupe : Super cup
Chad
Leagues
Chad Premier League : 1st-tier
Chad Division 2 : 2nd-tier
Cups
Chad Cup : National cup
Chad Super Cup : Super cup
Coupe de Ligue de N'Djaména
Comoros
Leagues
Comoros Premier League : 1st-tier
Mwali league
Ndzuwani league
Ngazidja league
Cups
Comoros Cup : National cup
Comoros Super Cup : Super cup
Congo
Leagues |
1502_21 | Congo Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups
Coupe du Congo : National cup
Super Coupe du Congo : Super cup
DR Congo
Leagues
Linafoot : 1st-tier
Linafoot Ligue 2 : 2nd-tier
Cups
Coupe du Congo : National cup
Super Coupe du Congo : Super cup
Djibouti
Leagues
Djibouti Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups
Djibouti Cup : National cup
Djibouti Super Cup : Super cup
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Leagues
Equatoguinean Primera División : 1st-tier
Equatorial Guinea Segunda División : 2nd-tier
Cups
Equatoguinean Cup : National cup
Equatoguinean SuperCup : Super cup
Eritrea
Leagues
Eritrean Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups
Eritrean Cup : National cup
Eswatini
Leagues
Premier League of Eswatini : 1st-tier
Cups
Swazi Cup : National cup
Swazi Charity Cup : Super cup
Ethiopia
Leagues
Ethiopian Premier League : 1st-tier
Ethiopian Higher League : 2nd-tier
Ethiopian First League : 3rd-tier
Cups
Ethiopian Cup : National cup
Addis Ababa City Cup
Ethiopian Super Cup : Super cup
Gabon |
1502_22 | Leagues
Gabon Championnat National D1 : 1st-tier
Gabon Championnat National D2 : 2nd-tier
Cups
Coupe du Gabon Interclubs : National cup
Supercoupe du Gabon : Super cup
The Gambia
Leagues
GFA League First Division : 1st-tier
GFA League Second Division : 2nd-tier
GFA League Third Division : 3rd-tier
Cups
Gambian Cup : National cup
Gambian Super Cup : Super cup
Ghana
Leagues
Ghana Premier League : 1st-tier
Ghana Football Leagues : 2nd/3rd/4th-tier
Cups
Ghanaian FA Cup : National cup
Ghana Super Cup : Super cup
Guinea
Leagues
Guinée Championnat National : 1st-tier
Cups
Guinée Coupe Nationale : National cup
Supercoupe de Guinée : Super cup
Guinea-Bissau
Leagues
Campeonato Nacional da Guiné-Bissau : 1st-tier
Cups
Taça Nacional da Guiné Bissau : National cup
SuperTaça Nacional da Guiné-Bissau : Super cup
Ivory Coast
Leagues
Ligue 1 : 1st-tier
Ligue 2 : 2nd-tier
Championnat Division 3 : 3rd-tier
Division Regionale
Cups |
1502_23 | Coupe de Côte d'Ivoire de football : National cup
Coupe Houphouët-Boigny : Super cup
Kenya
Leagues
Kenyan Premier League : 1st-tier
Kenyan National Super League : 2nd-tier
FKF Division One : 3rd-tier
Kenyan Regional Leagues : 4th-tier
Kenyan County Champions League : 5th-tier
Kenyan Sub-County Leagues : 6th-tier
Cups
FKF President's Cup : National cup
Kenyan Super Cup : Super cup
KPL Top 8 Cup : Cup (Top 8 of 1st-tier League)
Lesotho
Leagues
Lesotho Premier League : 1st-tier
Lesotho A Division : 2nd-tier
Cups
Lesotho Independence Cup : National cup
MGC Supa 8
Liberia
Leagues
Liberian First Division : 1st-tier
Liberian Second Division League : 2nd-tier
LFA Sub-Committee League : 3rd-tier
Cups
Liberian Cup : National cup
Liberian National County Meet
Liberian Super Cup : Super cup
Libya
Leagues
Libyan Premier League : 1st-tier
Libyan Second Division : 2nd-tier
Libyan Third Division : 3rd-tier
Libyan Fourth Division : 4th-tier
Cups |
1502_24 | Libyan Cup : National cup
Libyan League Cup
Libyan Super Cup : Super cup
Madagascar
Leagues
Malagasy Pro League : 1st-tier
Cups
Coupe de Madagascar : National cup
Super Coupe de Madagascar : Super cup
Malawi
Leagues
Malawi Premier Division : 1st-tier
SRF League
FMB Under 20 Youth League
Cups
Malawi Carlsberg Cup
FISD Challenge Cup : National cup
Malawi Presidential Cup
Malawi Charity Shield
Mali
Leagues
Malian Première Division : 1st-tier
Malian Division 1 : 2nd-tier
Cups
Malian Cup : National cup
Super Coupe National du Mali : Super cup
Mauritania
Leagues
Ligue 1 Mauritania : 1st-tier
Ligue 2 Mauritania : 2nd-tier
Cups
Coupe du Président de la République : National cup
Mauritanian Super Cup : Super cup
Mauritius
Leagues
Mauritian League : 1st-tier
Mauritian First Division : 2nd-tier
Cups
Mauritian Cup : National cup
Mauritian Republic Cup
Millenium Cup
Ram Ruhee Memorial Cup
MFA Super Cup : Super cup
Morocco
Mozambique
Leagues
Moçambola : 1st-tier |
1502_25 | Cups
Taça de Moçambique : National cup
Supertaça de Moçambique : Super cup
Namibia
Leagues
Namibia Premier League : 1st-tier
Namibia First Division : 2nd-tier
Namibia Women's Super League
Cups
Namibia FA Cup : National cup
Namibian Newspaper Cup : Youth cup
Namibia Super Cup : Super cup
Niger
Leagues
Niger Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups
Niger Cup : National cup
Niger Super Cup : Super cup
Nigeria
Leagues
Nigerian Professional Football League : 1st-tier
Nigeria National League : 2nd-tier
Nigeria Nationwide League : 3rd-tier
Nigeria Amateur League Division Two : 4th-tier
Nigerian Nationwide League Division Three : 5th-tier
Cups
Nigerian FA Cup : National cup
Nigerian Super Cup : Super cup
Super 4 (Nigeria)
Réunion
Leagues
Réunion Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups
Coupe de la Réunion : National cup
Coupe de France
Rwanda
Leagues
Rwanda Premier League : 1st-tier
Rwandan Second Division : 2nd-tier
Rwandan Third Division : 3rd-tier
Rwanda Women's Football League
Cups |
1502_26 | Rwandan Cup : National cup
Rwandan Super Cup : Super cup
São Tomé and Príncipe
Leagues
São Tomé and Príncipe Championship : 1st-tier
São Tomé Island League
Príncipe Island League
Cups
Taça Nacional de São Tomé e Principe : National cup
São Tomé Island Cup
Príncipe Island Cup
São Tomé and Príncipe Super Cup
Senegal
Leagues
Senegal Premier League : 1st-tier
Senegal Ligue 1
Senegal Ligue 2
Senegal Nationale 1
Senegal Nationale 2
Cups
Senegal FA Cup : National cup
Senegalese Super Cup : Super cup
Senegalese League Cup
Seychelles
Leagues
Seychelles First Division : 1st-tier
Seychelles Division Two : 2nd-tier
Seychelles Division Three : 3rd-tier
Cups
Airtel Cup
Seychelles FA Cup : National cup
Sierra Leone
Leagues
Sierra Leone National Premier League : 1st-tier
Sierra Leone National First Division : 2nd-tier
Sierra Leone National Second Division : 3rd-tier
Cups
Sierra Leonean FA Cup : National cup
Sierra Leonean Charity Shield
Somalia
Leagues |
1502_27 | Somali First Division : 1st-tier
Somali Second Division : 2nd-tier
Somali Third Division : 3rd-tier
Somalia Fourth League : 4th-tier
Cups
Somalia Cup : National cup
Somalia Super Cup : Super cup
South Africa
Leagues
Premier Soccer League
South African Premier Division : 1st-tier
National First Division : 2nd-tier
SAFA Second Division : 3rd-tier
SAFA Regional League : 4th-tier
Cups
Telkom Knockout
Nedbank Cup : National cup
MTN8
South Sudan
Leagues
South Sudan Football Championship : 1st-tier
South Sudan Premier League : 2nd-tier
Cups
S.S.D SUPER CUP : Super cup
South Sudan National Cup : National cup
Sudan
Leagues
Sudan Premier League : 1st-tier
Khartoum League (defunct)
Cups
Sudan Cup : National cup
Sudan Super Cup : Super cup
Tanzania
Leagues
Tanzanian Premier League : 1st-tier
Tanzanian First Division League : 2nd-tier
Tanzanian Second Division League : 3rd-tier
Cups
Tanzania FA Cup : National cup
Tanzania Community Shield
Togo
Leagues |
1502_28 | Championnat National de Premiere Division : 1st-tier
Cups
Coupe du Togo : National cup
Supercoupe du Togo : Super cup
Tunisia
Uganda
Leagues
Uganda Premier League : 1st-tier
FUFA Big League : 2nd-tier
Ugana Regional Leagues : 3rd-tier
Cups
Ugandan Cup : National cup
Uganda Super 8 Cup
Zambia
Leagues
Zambia Super League : 1st-tier
Zambia National Division One : 2nd-tier
Cups
Zambian Cup : National cup
Zambian Independence Cup : defunct
Northern Rhodesia Castle Cup : defunct
ABSA Cup
Zambian Challenge Cup
Zambian Coca-Cola Cup
Zambian Charity Shield : Super cup
Zanzibar
Leagues
Zanzibar Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups
Zanzibar Cup : National cup
Zanzibari Charity Shield
Zimbabwe
Leagues
Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League : 1st-tier
Zimbabwe Division 1 : 2nd-tier
Zimbabwe Third Division : 3rd-tier
Cups |
1502_29 | Zimbabwean Independence Trophy
Cup of Zimbabwe : National cup
BancABC Super8 Cup
NetOne Charity Shield
Bob 91 Super Cup
Uhuru Cup
Zimbabwe National Army Charity Shield
CONCACAF (North American, Central American, and Caribbean competitions)
This section lists competitions overseen either by CONCACAF (Confederation of North, Central America, and Caribbean Association Football) or its member federations. |
1502_30 | National teams
CONCACAF Gold Cup
CONCACAF Nations League : also determine qualify for the next edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup. ; in the top league, League A, the winners of each groups go on to play in the CONCACAF Nations League Finals.
CONCACAF Cup : defunct
CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying
CONCACAF Under-20 Championship : Linked with Qualifiers for the Men's Olympic Football Tournament.
CONCACAF Under-17 Championship
CONCACAF Boys' Under-15 Championship
CONCACAF W Championship : Women's cup ; Linked with Qualifiers for the FIFA Women's World Cup and Women's Olympic Football Tournament.
CONCACAF W Gold Cup : Women's
CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying : Women's
CONCACAF Women's Under-20 Championship : Women's
CONCACAF Women's Under-17 Championship : Women's
CONCACAF Girls' Under-15 Championship : Women's
Sub-federation competitions |
1502_31 | North American Nations Cup : defunct
Copa Centroamericana : defunct
Caribbean Cup : defunct
Pan American Games
Virgin Islands Championship - played by British and US islands national teams
Panamerican Championship : defunct
Clubs
CONCACAF Champions League : 1st-tier cup
CONCACAF League : 2nd-tier cup
CONCACAF Under-13 Champions League : Youth
CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup : defunct
CONCACAF Giants Cup : defunct
SuperLiga : defunct
Copa Interamericana : defunct
UNCAF Interclub Cup : defunct
Sub-federation competitions
CONCACAF Caribbean Club Championship : 1st-tier cup organized by CFU
CONCACAF Caribbean Club Shield : 2nd-tier cup organized by CFU
Campeones Cup : Mexico-US super cup organized by NAFU
Leagues Cup : Mexico-US cup organized by NAFU
Anguilla
Leagues
AFA Senior Male League : 1st-tier
AFA Senior Female League
Cups
AFA Knockout Cup
Antigua and Barbuda
Leagues
Antigua and Barbuda Premier Division : 1st-tier
: 2nd-tier
Cups
Antigua and Barbuda FA Cup : National cup |
1502_32 | Aruba
Leagues
Aruban Division di Honor : 1st-tier
Aruban Division Uno : 2nd-tier
Aruban Division Dos : 3rd-tier
Aruban Liga Hubenil
Cups
Torneo Copa Betico Croes : National cup
Bahamas
Leagues
BFA Senior League : 1st-tier
Grand Bahama Football League : 2nd-tier
New Providence Football League : 2nd-tier
Cups
Bahamas President's Cup : National cup
Grand Bahama FA Cup
New Providence FA Cup
Barbados
Leagues
Barbados Premier League : 1st-tier
Barbados Division One : 2nd-tier
Barbados Division Two : 3rd-tier
Cups
Barbados FA Cup : National cup
Belize
Leagues
Premier League of Belize : 1st-tier
Belize Premier Football League : defunct
Super League of Belize : defunct
Bermuda
Leagues
Bermudian Premier Division : 1st-tier
Bermuda First Division : 2nd-tier
Cups
Bermuda FA Cup : National cup
Bonaire
Leagues
Bonaire League : 1st-tier
Cups
Kopa MCB : National cup
British Virgin Islands
Leagues |
1502_33 | BVIFA National Football League : 1st-tier
Tortola League
Virgin Gorda League
Cups
Terry Evans Knockout Cup
Wendol Williams Cup
Canada
Leagues
Cups
Canadian Championship : determines the country's qualifier to the CONCACAF Champions League
Challenge Trophy : national cup for amateur teams
Cayman Islands
Leagues
Cayman Islands Premier League : 1st-tier
: 2nd-tier
Cups
Cayman Islands FA Cup : National cup
Cayman Islands Digicel Cup
Costa Rica
Leagues
Liga FPD : 1st-tier
Liga de Ascenso : 2nd-tier
Linafa : 3rd-tier
Costa Rican women's football championship
Cups
Costa Rican Cup : National cup
Supercopa de Costa Rica : Super cup
Cuba
Leagues
Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol de Cuba : 1st-tier
Torneo de Ascenso
Curaçao
Leagues
Curaçao Promé Divishon : 1st-tier
Sekshon Amatùr
Dominica
Leagues
Dominica Premiere League : 1st-tier
Dominica First Division : 2nd-tier
Cups
CFU Club Championship
Dominican Republic
Leagues |
1502_34 | Liga Dominicana de Fútbol : 1st-tier
Primera División de Republica Dominicana : defunct
Cups
Copa Dominicana de Fútbol : National cup
El Salvador
Leagues
Salvadoran Primera División : 1st-tier
Segunda División de Fútbol Salvadoreño : 2nd-tier
Tercera Division de Fútbol Salvadoreño : 3rd-tier
Salvadoran women's football championship
Cups
Copa Presidente : National cup
French Guiana
Leagues
French Guiana Honor Division : 1st-tier
French Guiana Promotion of Honor : 2nd-tier
Cups
Coupe de Guyane : National cup
Guatemala
Leagues
Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Guatemala : 1st-tier
Primera División de Ascenso : 2nd-tier
Segunda División de Ascenso : 3rd-tier
Guatemalan women's football championship
Cups
Copa de Guatemala : National cup
Grenada
Leagues
GFA Premier Division : 1st-tier
GFA First Division : 2nd-tier
GFA Second Division : 3rd-tier
Cups
GFA Super Knockout Cup : National cup
Guadeloupe
Leagues |
1502_35 | Guadeloupe Division of Honor : 1st-tier
Guadalupe Honorary Promotion Championship : 2nd-tier
Cups
Coupe de Guadeloupe : National cup
Coupe de France
Guyana
Leagues
GFF National Super League : 1st-tier
Guyana FA Divisions : 2nd-tier
Cups
Guyana Mayors Cup : National cup
GFF Super 8 Cup
Georgetown Regional Cup
Haiti
Leagues
Ligue Haïtienne : 1st-tier
Cups
Coupe d'Haïti : National cup
Honduras
Leagues
Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional de Honduras : 1st-tier
Liga Nacional de Ascenso de Honduras : 2nd-tier
Liga Mayor de Futbol de Honduras : 3rd-tier
Cups
Honduran Cup : National cup
Honduran Supercup : Super cup
Jamaica
Leagues
Jamaica National Premier League : first level
KSAFA Super League : second level
South Central Confederation Super League : second level
Eastern Confederation Super League : second level
Western Confederation Super League : second level
Cups
JFF Champions Cup : National cup
Martinique
Leagues |
1502_36 | Martinique Championnat National : 1st-tier
Martinique Promotion d'Honneur : 2nd-tier
Cups
Coupe de la Martinique : National cup
Coupe de France
Mexico
Montserrat
Leagues
Montserrat Championship : 1st-tier
Nicaragua
Leagues
Nicaraguan Primera División : 1st-tier
Segunda División de Nicaragua : 2nd-tier
Tercera Division de Nicaragua : 3rd-tier
Nicaraguan women's football championship
Cups
Copa de Nicaragua : National cup
Panama
Leagues
Liga Panameña de Fútbol : 1st-tier
Liga Nacional de Ascenso : 2nd-tier
Copa Rommel Fernández : 3rd-tier
Cups
Copa Panamá : National cup
Puerto Rico
Leagues
Liga Puerto Rico : 1st-tier
Puerto Rico Soccer League
Liga Mayor de Fútbol Nacional : defunct
Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico : defunct
Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico : defunct
Cups |
1502_37 | Torneo de Copa de Puerto Rico
Copa Luis Villarejo : National cup
Puerto Rico Soccer League Regular Season Cup
Puerto Rico Soccer League PlayOff Cup
Puerto Rico Cup of Excellence
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Leagues
SKNFA Super League : 1st-tier
SKNFA Division 1 : 2nd-tier
Cups
Saint Kitts and Nevis National Cup : National cup
Saint Lucia
Leagues
SLFA First Division : 1st-tier
SLFA Second Division : 2nd-tier
Cups
Saint Lucia FA Cup : National cup
SLFA President's Cup
Saint-Martin
Leagues
Saint-Martin Senior League : 1st-tier
Cups
Coupe des Îles du Nord
Coupe de Saint-Martin
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Leagues
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Football Federation
Sint Maarten
Leagues
Sint Maarten Senior League : 1st-tier
Suriname
Leagues
SVB Eerste Divisie : 1st-tier
SVB Tweede Divisie : 2nd-tier
SVB Derde Divisie : 3rd-tier
Cups
Beker van Suriname : National cup
Suriname President's Cup : Super cup
Turks and Caicos Islands
Leagues |
1502_38 | Provo Premier League : 1st-tier
Cups
Turks and Caicos FA Cup
Trinidad and Tobago
Leagues
TT Pro League : 1st-tier
TT Super League : 2nd-tier
Tobago Premier Division
Cups
Trinidad and Tobago FA Trophy : National cup
Trinidad and Tobago Charity Shield : Super cup
Trinidad and Tobago League Cup
Trinidad and Tobago Classic
Trinidad and Tobago Goal Shield
Trinidad and Tobago Pro Bowl
Trinidad and Tobago Super League Cup
U.S Virgin Islands
Leagues
U.S. Virgin Islands Championship : 1st-tier
St Croix Soccer League : 2nd-tier
St Thomas League : 2nd-tier
United States
Outdoor
Indoor
CONMEBOL (South American competitions)
This section lists the competitions ruled by the CONMEBOL (Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol), or by federations member the CONMEBOL.
National teams |
1502_39 | CONMEBOL Copa América
CONMEBOL Preolímpico : Olympic/Under-23 team ; Linked with Qualifiers for the Men's Olympic Football Tournament.
CONMEBOL Sudamericano Sub20
CONMEBOL Sudamericano Sub17
CONMEBOL Sudamericano Sub15
CONMEBOL Copa América Femenina : Women's cup ; Linked with Qualifiers for the FIFA Women's World Cup and Women's Olympic Football Tournament.
CONMEBOL Sudamericano Sub20 Femenino : Women's
CONMEBOL Sudamericano Sub17 Femenino : Women's
Pan American Games
Superclásico de las Américas : defunct - tournament between Brazil and Argentina
Panamerican Championship : defunct
Clubs |
1502_40 | CONMEBOL Libertadores : 1st-tier cup
CONMEBOL Sudamericana : 2nd-tier cup
CONMEBOL Recopa : Super cup
CONMEBOL Libertadores Femenina : Women's cup
Supercopa Libertadores : defunct
Copa Conmebol : defunct
Copa Mercosur : defunct
Copa Merconorte : defunct
Copa Simón Bolívar : defunct
Copa Ganadores de Copa : defunct
Copa Interamericana : defunct
Copa de Oro : defunct
Copa Master de CONMEBOL : defunct
Copa Master de Supercopa : defunct
Copa Iberoamericana : defunct
Intercontinental Champions' Supercup : defunct
South American Championship of Champions : defunct
J.League Cup / Copa Sudamericana Championship : dormant
Intercontinental Cup : defunct
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
State Championships
North
Campeonato Acreano
Campeonato Amazonense
Campeonato Roraimense
Campeonato Paraense
Campeonato Rondoniense
Campeonato Tocantinense
Campeonato Amapaense
Northeast |
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