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The mass profiles of massive dark matter halos are highly sensitive to the nature of dark matter and potential modifications of the theory of gravity on large scales. The Λ cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm makes strong predictions on the shape of dark matter halos and on the dependence of the shape parameters on halo mass, such that any deviation from the predicted universal shape would have important implications for the fundamental properties of dark matter. Here we use a set of 12 galaxy clusters with available deep X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich data to constrain the shape of the gravitational field with an unprecedented level of precision over two decades in radius. We introduce a nonparametric framework to reconstruct the shape of the gravitational field under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium and compare the resulting mass profiles to the expectations of Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) and Einasto parametric mass profiles. On average, we find that the NFW profile provides an excellent description of the recovered mass profiles, with deviations of less than 10% over a wide radial range. However, there appears to be more diversity in the shape of individual profiles than can be captured by the NFW model. The average NFW concentration and its scatter agree very well with the prediction of the ΛCDM framework. For a subset of systems, we disentangle the gravitational field into the contribution of baryonic components (gas, brightest cluster galaxy, and satellite galaxies) and that of dark matter. The stellar content dominates the gravitational field inside ∼0.02R<SUB>500</SUB> but is responsible for only 1-2% of the total gravitational field inside R<SUB>200</SUB>. The total baryon fraction reaches the cosmic value at R<SUB>200</SUB> and slightly exceeds it beyond this point, possibly indicating a mild level of nonthermal pressure support (10 − 20%) in cluster outskirts. Finally, the relation between observed and baryonic acceleration exhibits a complex shape that strongly departs from the radial acceleration relation in spiral galaxies, which shows that the aforementioned relation does not hold at the galaxy-cluster scale. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a stress - free lead frame for a semiconductor . the stress - free lead frame is provided with a stress - relief means and an interlocking means at the outer periphery . the stress - relief means is capable of accommodating expansion and compression while the interlocking means take care of shock and vibration during handling to thereby eliminate delamination of the lead frame . | 7 |
We present the analysis of the planetary nebula (PN) NGC 2371 around the [Wolf-Rayet] (WR) star WD 0722+295. Our Isaac Newton Telescope intermediate dispersion spectrograph spectra, in conjunction with archival optical and ultraviolet images, unveil in unprecedented detail the high ionization of NGC 2371. The nebula has an apparent multipolar morphology, with two pairs of lobes protruding from a barrel-like central cavity, a pair of dense low ionization knots misaligned with the symmetry axis embedded within the central cavity, and a high-excitation halo mainly detected in He II. The abundances from the barrel-like central cavity and dense knots agree with abundance determinations for other PNe with [WR]-type central stars of PNe. We suggest that the densest knots inside NGC 2371 are the oldest structures, remnant of a dense equatorial structure, while the main nebular shell and outer lobes resulted from a latter ejection that ended the stellar evolution. The analysis of position-velocity diagrams produced from our high-quality spectra suggests that NGC 2371 has a bipolar shape with each lobe presenting a double structure protruding from a barrel-like central region. The analysis of the spectra of WD 0722+295 results in similar stellar parameters as previously reported. We corroborate that the spectral subtype corresponds with a [WO1] type. | 9 |
a method for actuating an electromechanical grating device that has ribbon elements . the method includes the steps of : providing a data stream , generating a pulse width modulated waveform including at least two different non - zero voltages from the data stream , and applying the pulse width modulated waveform to the ribbon elements such that the ribbon elements transition through at least three different states of actuation that correspond to the pulse width modulated waveform . | 6 |
an electro - chemical gas sensor for use in electron tubes comprising a crylline body of bao formed on a non - interacting substrate and at least two electrodes . the change in conductivity of the barium oxide upon exposure to tube gases may be used to determine the type and quantity of gases contaminating the electron emitter and estimate changes in the emitter &# 39 ; s work function or electron emission capability due to gas contamination . | 6 |
a supercavitating water - entry projectile having empennage on the aft end which provides both aerodynamic and hydrodynamic stability and a supercavitating nose section is provided . a representative projectile is a subcaliber munition adapted for use in a 25 mm weapon using a sabot currently in use with the m919 round . the projectile has circumferential grooves around its center section to match these sabots . a key feature in the invention is the size and shape of the nose section . the projectile has a novel high strength extended blunt nose section followed by a truncated conical section which angles towards the body of the projectile in the range of five degrees . during underwater trajectory , the entire projectile is contained within the cavitation bubble formed by the blunt nose tip . the projectile &# 39 ; s aft empennage , which provides both aerodynamic and hydrodynamic stability , fits within the bore of the weapon . | 5 |
sound signals are processed for compression or expansion utilizing storage and frequency transformation into storage delay lines operated alternately to transform alternate segments of the sound signal respectively with the outputs of the two delay lines combined to produce a continuous sound signal output with the frequency components thereof transformed . | 6 |
an interpolation frame generation unit includes a first unit that uses , with respect to each of pixel positions , which are determined to be a motionless region by a region determination unit , in an interpolation frame , any of an image at the same pixel position in the preceding frame , an image at the same pixel position in the current frame , and an average of the images at the same pixel position in the preceding frame and the current frame as an interpolated image at the pixel position , and a second unit that extracts , with respect to each of pixel positions , which are determined to be a motion region by the region determination unit , in the interpolation frame , an image corresponding to the pixel position in the interpolation frame from either one of the preceding frame and the current frame on the basis of a motion vector for a block including the pixel position and uses the extracted image as an interpolated image . | 7 |
We analyze the BOSS power spectrum monopole and quadrupole, and the bispectrum monopole and quadrupole data, using the predictions from the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure (EFTofLSS). Specifically, we use the one loop prediction for the power spectrum and the bispectrum monopole, and the tree level for the bispectrum quadrupole. After validating our pipeline against numerical simulations as well as checking for several internal consistencies, we apply it to the observational data. We find that analyzing the bispectrum monopole to higher wavenumbers thanks to the one-loop prediction, as well as the addition of the tree-level quadrupole, significantly reduces the error bars with respect to our original analysis of the power spectrum at one loop and bispectrum monopole at tree level. After fixing the spectral tilt to Planck preferred value and using a Big Bang Nucleosynthesis prior, we measure σ <SUB>8</SUB> = 0.794 ± 0.037, h = 0.692 ± 0.011, and Ω<SUB> m </SUB> = 0.311 ± 0.010 to about 4.7%, 1.6%, and 3.2%, at 68% CL, respectively. This represents an error bar reduction with respect to the power spectrum-only analysis of about 30%, 18%, and 13% respectively. Remarkably, the results are compatible with the ones obtained with a power-spectrum-only analysis, showing the power of the EFTofLSS in simultaneously predicting several observables. We find no tension with Planck. | 9 |
the invention describes a novel method for securing authentic client access to online confidential resources by means of a physical hard key / card device , which does not need a custom card reader , but uses the optical disc drive of any remote computer to conduct a highly secure online transaction on the internet such real online card key device can be read by an optical disc drive of a computer , without allowing any of the file viewing , copying and editing functions . such rock device can be used as a real world physical hard key for accessing secured networks and conducting secure online transactions . it can also be used as a fully functional versatile credit card with additional magnetic stripe and manual authentication methods available on the non - reflective surface of the optical disc based rock optical disc card of the present invention . | 6 |
described herein is a cardiac pacer pulse generator and lead combination in which sinus node cell tissue is harvested or cultured and appropriately affixed to the distal end of the pacing lead to generate electrical depolarization signals whose rate changes with blood - oxygen levels and hormonal activity . the lead includes a sensing electrode for picking up these depolarization signals and applying them to the rate adaptive pacemaker . the pacemaker then functions to produce heart tissue stimulating pulses at a rate dictated by the body &# 39 ; s physiologic demand . | 0 |
a method of analyzing molecules using a nanopore array including a plurality of cells included on a chip is disclosed . nanopores are caused to be formed in at least a portion of the plurality of the cells . a first physical measurement of the nanopores is evaluated . it is determined whether to cause the molecules to interact with the nanopores . at least a portion of the nanopores is caused to interact with the molecules . a second physical measurement of the nanopores that indicates a property of the molecules is evaluated . it is determined whether to cause the nanopores to be reformed so that the cells may be reused to interact with additional molecules . | 6 |
Contact. The large quantity of high-quality asteroseismic data that have been obtained from space-based photometric missions and the accuracy of the resulting frequencies motivate a careful consideration of the accuracy of computed oscillation frequencies of stellar models, when applied as diagnostics of the model properties. <BR /> Aims: Based on models of red-giant stars that have been independently calculated using different stellar evolution codes, we investigate the extent to which the differences in the model calculation affect the model oscillation frequencies and other asteroseismic diagnostics. <BR /> Methods: For each of the models, which cover four different masses and different evolution stages on the red-giant branch, we computed full sets of low-degree oscillation frequencies using a single pulsation code and, from these frequencies, typical asteroseismic diagnostics. In addition, we carried out preliminary analyses to relate differences in the oscillation properties to the corresponding model differences. <BR /> Results: In general, the differences in asteroseismic properties between the different models greatly exceed the observational precision of these properties. This is particularly true for the nonradial modes whose mixed acoustic and gravity-wave character makes them sensitive to the structure of the deep stellar interior and, hence, to details of their evolution. In some cases, identifying these differences led to improvements in the final models presented here and in Paper I; here we illustrate particular examples of this. <BR /> Conclusions: Further improvements in stellar modelling are required in order fully to utilise the observational accuracy to probe intrinsic limitations in the modelling and improve our understanding of stellar internal physics. However, our analysis of the frequency differences and their relation to stellar internal properties provides a striking illustration of the potential, in particular, of the mixed modes of red-giant stars for the diagnostics of stellar interiors. | 9 |
Cartographic rendering and mesh analytics powered by PyVista | 9 |
a wiper blade capable of preventing a harsh metallic noise which is made by the direct impact of a metallic backing plate associated therewith on a blade holder . rubber flanges are formed integrally with the body of the wiper blade so as to extend upward from the upper surface of the body . the flanges cover at least the longitudinal side edges of the metallic backing plate placed on the upper surface of the body so that the longitudinal side edges of the backing plate will not impact directly on the blade holder . | 1 |
Most of the galaxies in the universe today are in groups, which are key to understanding their evolution. In this work we present a new deep mosaic of 1.2 × 1.0 square degrees of the group of galaxies centered on NGC 5018, acquired at the ESO VLT Survey Telescope. We use u, g, r images to analyze the structure of the group members and to estimate the intragroup light. Taking advantage of deep and multiband photometry and of the large field of view of the VST telescope, we studied the structure of the galaxy members and the faint features leading into the intragroup space, and we give an estimate of the intragroup diffuse light in the NGC 5018 group of galaxies. We found that ∼41% of the total g-band luminosity of the group is in the form of intragroup light (IGL). The IGL has a (g - r) color consistent with those of other galaxies in the group, indicating that the stripping leading to the formation of IGL is ongoing. From the study of this group we can infer that there are at least two different interactions involving the group members: one between NGC 5018 and NGC 5022, which generates the tails and ring-like structures detected in the light, and another between NGC 5022 and MCG-03-34-013, which has produced the H I tail. A minor merging event also happened in the formation history of NGC 5018 that perturbed the inner structure of this galaxy. | 9 |
an electronic device includes : a multilayered dielectric substrate including a plurality of dielectric layers ; a planar magnetic device disposed on at least one internal dielectric layer of the plurality of dielectric layers ; and an overlapping shield assembly including a first shield layer and a second shield layer separated by at least one of the plurality of dielectric layers . | 0 |
a floor for a trailer , the floor comprising a plurality of cells , each of the cells having a top plate , a bottom plate , and a plurality of parallel vertical members extending between the top plate and bottom plate , the cells being welded to adjacent cells and to longitudinally extending beams . the structure permits the trailer to be relatively low compared to other known designs and provides for a more stable trailer in use . | 1 |
a joystick control unit . the control unit includes a controller , such as a handle , transmitting coil , plurality of receiving coils , and plurality of substrates . the handle may be subjected to spring forces which bias the controller toward a neutral position . the transmitting coil is made of electrically conducting paths on one substrate , and the receiving coils are made of electrically conducting paths on another substrate . one of the substrates is connected to the controller and , together with the controller , is movable in relation to the other substrate , which is located in a substantially fixed position . the controller and interconnected substrate may be moved in a variety of positions such that the controller and attached substrate have at least two degrees of freedom . | 6 |
a process for enhancing refresh in dynamic random access memories wherein n - type impurities are implanted into the capacitor buried contact after formation of the access transistor components . the process comprises forming a gate insulating layer on a substrate and a transistor gate electrode on the gate insulating layer . first and second transistor source / drain regions are formed on the substrate adjacent to opposite sides of the gate electrodes . n - type impurities , preferably phosphorous atoms , are then implanted into the first source / drain region which will serve as the capacitor buried contact . | 7 |
a system schedules traffic flows on an output port using a circular memory structure . the circular memory structure may be a rate wheel that includes a group of sequentially arranged slots . the rate wheel schedules the traffic flows in select ones of the slots based on traffic shaping parameters assigned to the flows . the rate wheel compensates for collisions between multiple flows that occur in the slots by subsequently skipping empty slots . | 7 |
a rigid mechanical self - centering assembly for a component mounted relative to an opening . variable radii cylindrical components are accommodated by virtue of variable - length , rigid , structural stays , and flexible mounts with curved faces for flush abuttal to said component , such as a motor or pump . a high efficiency assembly for electrical components is achieved by use of nonferrous materials . | 5 |
the invention relates to different elements for increasing the yield of tubular - tower solar receivers , reducing losses through radiation . the term tubular receiver is used to mean receivers that use a heat - transfer fluid of the liquid or liquid / vapour mix type , which flows through generally circular ducts or tubes acting as an absorber , in which the heat - transfer fluid can be any fluid having physical properties suitable for the working conditions of the receiver . | 5 |
break away panels , devices and methods of using the breakaway panels with grid scored patterns for fire extinguisher cabinets which can be made for small , mid - size and large size fire extinguisher cabinets , and easily resized when needed . three novel panels each having novel vertical and horizontal scored lines running throughout the panels and be located on the inside surface of the installed panels . an installer can easily break off upper and / or lower and / or side edges of the panels in order to resize the panel to fit almost any size fire extinguisher cabinet . the scoring lines can be accomplished by a router . alternatively , the entire panel and the scored lines can be formed from injection molding . | 0 |
provided is a wireless communication system capable of increasing safety in the aviation industry , and applicable to the aviation industry . the wireless communication system comprises a control device and a spectrum sensor . the spectrum sensor performs spectrum sensing using a measurement sap , receives a signal from a wireless communication device , and transmits information relating to the received signal as sensing information through a communication sap . on the other hand , the control device receives the sensing information from the spectrum sensor through the communication sap . subsequently , the sensing information is analyzed using an application sap . thereby , whether or not the signal from the wireless communication device interferes with the radio waves of the airband used in the aviation industry is specified . | 7 |
disclosed are contrast agents of the formula ## str1 ## contained in aqueous compositions and methods for their use in diagnostic radiology of the gastrointestinal tract wherein z = h , halo , c 1 - c 20 alkyl , cycloalkyl , lower alkoxy , cyano , where the alkyl and cycloalkyl groups can be substituted with halogen or halo - lower - alkyl groups ; r = c 1 - c 25 alkyl , cycloalkyl , or halo - lower - alkyl , optionally substituted with halo , fluoro - lower - alkyl , aryl , lower - alkoxy , hydroxy , carboxy , lower - alkoxy carbonyl or lower - alkoxy - carbonyloxy , p -- m q , or p -- c . tbd . c -- q ; r 1 , r 2 , r 3 and r 4 are independently lower - alkyl , optionally substituted with halo ; x is 1 - 4 ; n is 1 - 5 ; m is 1 - 15 ; p is 1 - 10 ; and q is h , lower - alkyl , lower - alkenyl , lower - alkynyl , lower - alkylene , aryl , or aryl - lower alkyl . | 8 |
an object of the present invention is to provide a turbulence avoidance operation assist device that automatically generates an optimal trajectory of emergency avoidance and reports this trajectory to a pilot when distant turbulence is detected during an aircraft flight . the turbulence avoidance operation assist device in accordance with the present invention includes : means for detecting the presence of a danger region such as a turbulence region ahead of aircraft in a flight direction ; means for representing the danger region as an assembly of rectangular solids when the detection means recognizes the danger region , and generating a flight trajectory by a local optimum solution of an avoidance trajectory using a convex quadratic programming method in which deviation from a reference trajectory is the smallest on the basis of an initial estimation solution obtained by a semidefinite programming method ; and means for reporting the flight trajectory to a pilot . | 6 |
an antitheft device for the steering column of a motor vehicle , in which a movable indexer includes a return spring for returning the movable indexer such that the indexer engages with at least one profile of a cam of the antitheft device , and in which the return spring of the indexer and a return spring of a bolt of the antitheft device are separate . | 8 |
novel processes towards the synthesis of the antiviral valomaciclovir stearate in which an esterified guanine acetal is reduced to the corresponding alcohol , reacted with an activated amino acid and n - deprotected . the esterified guanine acetal is prepared from a 9 - guanine derivative bearing an acyclic hydroxymethylbutylacetal . the processes are amendable to one - pot reactions . | 2 |
an electronic locking system has a plurality of lockable storage enclosures , and a controller for controlling locking and unlocking of the storage enclosures . the system also includes a biometric sensor in communication with the controller for sensing one or more identifying characteristics of users , the controller being adapted to store the one or more identifying characteristics from the users in a memory and linking the stored identifying characteristics for the users with one of the lockable storage enclosures . the system is dynamic so that each time a lockable storage enclosure is used , one or more new identifying characteristics are associated with the lockable storage enclosure for locking and unlocking the lockable storage enclosure . also disclosed is an intelligent locking device having a first slidable bolt for locking and unlocking a first enclosed area and a second slidable bolt for locking and unlocking a second enclosed area . | 6 |
Motivated by the non-linear star formation efficiency found in recent numerical simulations by a number of workers, we perform high-resolution adaptive mesh refinement simulations of star formation in self-gravitating turbulently driven gas. As we follow the collapse of this gas, we find that the character of the flow changes at two radii, the disc radius r<SUB>d</SUB> and the radius r<SUB>*</SUB>, where the enclosed gas mass exceeds the stellar mass. Accretion starts at large scales and works inwards. In line with recent analytical work, we find that the density evolves to a fixed attractor, ρ(r, t) → ρ(r), for r<SUB>d</SUB> < r < r<SUB>*</SUB>; mass flows through this structure on to a sporadically gravitationally unstable disc and from thence on to the star. In the bulk of the simulation box, we find that the random motions v<SUB>T</SUB> ∼ r<SUP>p</SUP> with p ∼ 0.5 are in agreement with Larson's size-linewidth relation. In the vicinity of massive star-forming regions, we find p ∼ 0.2-0.3, as seen in observations. For r < r<SUB>*</SUB>, v<SUB>T</SUB> increases inwards, with p = -1/2. Finally, we find that the total stellar mass M<SUB>*</SUB>(t) ∼ t<SUP>2</SUP> is in line with previous numerical and analytic work that suggests a non-linear rate of star formation. | 9 |
the invention concerns a syringe comprising : a body including a cylindrical side wall having an open upstream end with an inner annular rim and a downstream end closed by a transverse wall provided with an orifice ; a shaft equipped with a plunger having at least two annular sealing lips between which is defined at least one annular chamber . the shaft , which can slide inside the body , defines inside the body an inner chamber designed to be at least partly filled with a content . delivery passages provided inside the body are configured to communication said annular chamber of the plunger with the outside of the body or with the inner chamber of the body , when the plunger is abutting against the annular rim . | 0 |
a ball bearing for use in a high - temperature , high - speed , light - load environment is proposed which includes inner and outer rings formed of heat - resistant bearing steel m50 . a nitrided layer which is formed of a diffusion layer only is formed on each of the surfaces of the inner and outer rings where the raceways are formed . a chromium nitride film is further formed on the nitrided layer . the layer and film serves to prevent surface - starting peeling and smearing , thus prolonging the life of the bearing . | 5 |
a facsimile network system capable of carrying out broadcast communication which enables documents in a memory of a key station to be sent automatically to multiple remote receiving stations at regular intervals . a sending sheet which is attached to the documents as a first page including names of the key station and the remote receiving stations , date and message , is automatically prepared in the facsimile machine , so that it is transmitted together with the documents . | 7 |
a system for implementing a method that books and pays a retailer having a pos connected to a transaction server storing confidential user information including a retailer identification , a user code , and a user wireless device phone number . the method includes : receiving at the transaction server , from the user wireless device which can be a cell phone , an sms containing a retailer identification ; reading at the transaction server the phone number of the wireless device communicated by the carrier transporting the sms ; authentifying the phone number and retailer identification with the stored confidential user information ; sending the user confidential information to the retailer pos . the user enters on the pos the user code . the pos reads and authentifies the user code with the user confidential information received from the transaction server . the retailer enters the payment information on the pos and sends it with user information to the transaction server . | 6 |
the micro - flow hetero catalytic structure is developed in a complex catalytic reaction system electronically controlled that can handle simultaneously many reactants in the proper operation domain . a distributed electronic processing system based on anticipated parameters and controls the entire system optimal regime . the method of obtaining the optimal response from the catalysts is that of maintaining the thermodynamic operation parameters at right values by a set of heat exchangers , fans , valves and actuators in closed loops and processor control having the safety embedded . the applications are covering chemical synthesis , heating , air and gas cleaning , fuels and alcohol reforming . | 1 |
apparatus and methods for measuring the concentrations of organic and inorganic carbon , or of other materials , in aqueous samples are described , together with related , specially adapted components and sub - assemblies and related control , operational and monitoring systems . | 8 |
process for the preparation of 1 , 3 - substituted tetrahydro - 1h - thieno -- imidazol - 2 - on - 4 - ylidene pentanoic acid esters which are intermediate products for the production of the pharmaceutic active substance - biotin . | 2 |
novel pyridylthiomethyl substituted cephalosporin compounds having the formula ## str1 ## wherein r is 2 - pyridyl , 3 - pyridyl or 4 - pyridyl . | 2 |
a carton for holding several cigarette packs is made so that it generally resembles and functions like a conventional hinge lid cigarette pack . the carton is made from an integral blank including innerframe panels and outer member panels , all arranged in a single side by side series . when the blank is folded to make the carton , the innerframe panels are positioned inside the appropriate outer member panels . the blank also includes top and bottom tuck flap panels which can be closed in order to close the carton after the innerframe panels have been folded inside the outer member panels as described above . a particularly preferred method of making up the carton is shown . the consumer opens the carton by pivoting an upper portion of the outer member up and to the rear just as with a conventional hinge lid cigarette box . the innerframe interferes somewhat with this lid motion , thereby helping to keep the lid closed as in a conventional hinge lid cigarette box . | 8 |
a microscope system that shifts a plurality of observation locations that are set upon an observation subject in order onto an optical axis of an objective optical system , and for each of the observation locations , performs photography with an image - capturing device of an observation image of the observation subject a plurality of times as time elapses , includes : a drive unit that drives a stage upon which the observation subject is mounted , and the objective optical system , relative to one another two dimensionally in directions orthogonal to the optical axis ; a position detection unit that detects at least one of positions of the stage and the objective optical system ; and a correction unit that , based upon position information detected by the position detection unit , performs trimming correction upon a plurality of photographic images that have been photographed at each observation location as time elapses , so that the plurality of photographic images become images of a same observation region that includes the observation location . | 6 |
this relates to partially acetalized polyvinyl alcohol embolization particles suitable for implanting in the human body , to compositions containing those particles , and to methods of making and using them . | 0 |
a safety liner for protecting the tubeless tires is provided . the liner is combined a predetermined number of segment of identical shape to form a circular configuration for disposing in place into the drop center of a tire rim and adjustably locked up by a coupling member at the confronting ends of the circular configuration . a wedge plate slidably secures between each segment and the drop center at one side and a cushion runner disposes between the circular configuration and the drop center at the other side . when the tire becomes flat , the flexible outer surface of the liner engages with the inner surface of the tire that permits a vehicle continuous operation . because the liner is combined by a plurality of segments , it is structurally flexible to suite to different types of tire rim and because the segments are in identical shape , it facilitate a mass production and low cost to manufacture . | 1 |
a semiconductor integrated circuit device upon exiting from a low power mode , wakes up and re - initializes logic circuits so as to restore previous logic states of internal registers without disturbing input - output configuration control and data states present at the time the low power mode was entered . thus not distributing the operation of other devices connected to the semiconductor integrated circuit device previously in the low power mode . once all internal logic and registers of the semiconductor integrated circuit device have been re - initialized , a “ low power state wake - up and restore ” signal may issue . this signal indicates that the i / o configuration control and data states stored in the i / o keeper cell at the time the integrated circuit device entered into the low power mode have been reinstated and control may be returned to the logic circuits and / or internal registers of the semiconductor integrated circuit device . | 6 |
We report on ephemerides for the satellites of Pluto based on the large set of astrometric measurements. Our orbit fit yielded the following masses with 1σ uncertainties: GM <SUB>Pluto</SUB> = 869.3 ± 0.4 km<SUP>3</SUP> s<SUP>‑2</SUP>, GM <SUB>Charon</SUB> = 106.1 ± 0.3 km<SUP>3</SUP> s<SUP>‑2</SUP>, GM <SUB>Nix</SUB> = 1.50 ± 0.52 × 10<SUP>‑3</SUP> km<SUP>3</SUP> s<SUP>‑2</SUP>, GM <SUB>Hydra</SUB> = 2.01 ± 0.27 × 10<SUP>‑3</SUP> km<SUP>3</SUP> s<SUP>‑2</SUP>, corresponding to the densities of ρ <SUB>Pluto</SUB> = 1.853 ± 0.004 g cm<SUP>‑3</SUP>, ρ <SUB>Charon</SUB> = 1.705 ± 0.006 g cm<SUP>‑3</SUP>, ρ <SUB>Nix</SUB> = 0.88 ± 0.31 g cm<SUP>‑3</SUP>, and ρ <SUB>Hydra</SUB> = 1.21 ± 0.19 g cm<SUP>‑3</SUP>. Masses of Kerberos and Styx remain unconstrained, and it is unlikely that we will be able to measure them even if we obtain abundant 1 mas precision astrometry during the next 20 yr. We summarize the results of orbit integration in terms of osculating and precessing ellipse model mean elements. All satellites reside in near-circular orbits, and Kerberos and Styx have 0.4 deg and 0.3 deg inclinations with respect to Charon's orbit plane. The nodal regression periods for Kerberos and Hydra are ∼9 and ∼14 yr respectively. We found that Charon's orbit pole can be approximated as: R.A. = 133.0073 + 0.0036T deg, and decl. = –6.2449 + 2.5 × 10<SUP>‑5</SUP> T deg, where T is Julian centuries from the epoch J2000, based on 5000 yr of orbit integration. | 9 |
typically , injection molded expandable thermoplastics exhibit imperfect surfaces in the form of mottled areas , visible flow lines , and pin holes ; these imperfections are caused by the quick chilling of the surface of the expanded thermoplastic as it contacts the mold surface . this invention is a method of injection molding expanded thermoplastics free of these defects by injecting a short - shot of the expandable thermoplastic into an elastic membrane positioned within a cooled mold cavity , containing the short - shot within the membrane until a skin forms on the thermoplastic in contact with the membrane , and then permitting expansion of the thermoplastic in the cavity to form a smooth skin or surface on a substantial portion of the article . | 8 |
the invention is a biomass carrier used in the biological purification of waste water . the design of the biomass carrier is characterized by a surface morphology designed to produce a specific pattern of variations in bio - film thickness , resulting in optimized bio - film conditions for simultaneous nitrification - de - nitrification and biodegradation of trace organic contaminants . | 8 |
a smelting reduction apparatus which separates exhaust gas , which is exhausted from a melter - gasifier or a fluidized bed reactor , into dusts and reducing gas to supply them to each fluidized bed reactor respectively is disclosed , in which the smelting reduction apparatus includes a three - stage type fluidized bed reactor , a melter - gasifier for manufacturing molten pig iron by finally reducing the fine iron ores of which reaction is finished in a final fluidized bed reactor , and a dust separating device , which performs separation of exhausted gas from the melter - gasifier into dusts and reducing gas , so as to supply the separated reducing gas to a lower part of the final fluidized bed reactor , dusts having a larger particle sizes in the separated dusts to the melter - gasifier again , and fine dusts having a smaller particle sizes in the separated dusts to an upper part of a gas distributor of the final fluidized bed reactor . | 2 |
the invention relates to a method for reducing serum cholesterol in a patient in need thereof and alkylated and crosslinked poly polymers useful in the method . the alkylated and crosslinked poly polymers are crosslinked with epichlorohydrin and comprise at least some n - decyl substituted nitrogen atoms and at least some hexyltrimethyl ammonium substituted nitrogen atoms . | 0 |
In high-energy astrophysical processes involving compact objects, such as core-collapse supernovae or binary neutron star mergers, neutrinos play an important role in the synthesis of nuclides. Neutrinos in these environments can experience collective flavor oscillations driven by neutrino–neutrino interactions, including coherent forward scattering and incoherent (collisional) effects. Recently, there has been interest in exploring potential novel behaviors in collective oscillations of neutrinos by going beyond the one-particle effective or "mean-field" treatments. Here, we seek to explore implications of collective neutrino oscillations, in the mean-field treatment and beyond, for the nucleosynthesis yields in supernova environments with different astrophysical conditions and neutrino inputs. We find that collective oscillations can impact the operation of the ν p-process and r-process nucleosynthesis in supernovae. The potential impact is particularly strong in high-entropy, proton-rich conditions, where we find that neutrino interactions can nudge an initial ν p-process neutron-rich, resulting in a unique combination of proton-rich low-mass nuclei as well as neutron-rich high-mass nuclei. We describe this neutrino-induced neutron-capture process as the "ν i-process." In addition, nontrivial quantum correlations among neutrinos, if present significantly, could lead to different nuclide yields compared to the corresponding mean-field oscillation treatments, by virtue of modifying the evolution of the relevant one-body neutrino observables. | 9 |
a flexible liquid crystal display substrate support structure and a method of supporting a flexible lcd substrate during fabrication have been provided . the method forms channels or trenches in - between a rigid support substrate and the flexible lcd substrate . a vacuum is created in the channels or trenches to pull adhesive in . the adhesive formed in this manner contains no air or water bubbles whose expansion in subsequent lcd fabrication processes can destroy the integrity of thin film transistor films formed on the flexible lcd substrate . | 6 |
a volatile field programmable gate array having a configurable logical structure portion that is configurable with encrypted configuration data stored external to the fpga in configuration data memory . on fpga reconfiguration , for example on power - up , the encrypted configuration data is supplied to an input of the fpga . in the fpga , the configuration data is first decrypted by a decryption algorithm embedded in logic , the algorithm using as an operand a decryption key stored in the fpga in a non - volatile memory , for example eeprom . the decrypted configuration data is then distributed to the volatile functional portion of the fpga in a conventional manner . the functional portion may be sram . with this design , unauthorized reading of the configuration data of the fpga by observation of the stream of configuration data transmitted to the fpga from the external memory , for example during power - up , will only result in encrypted configuration data being obtained . in this way , the design affords enhanced security against the loss of commercially valuable intellectual property and confidential information constituted by the unencrypted configuration data . | 6 |
Wide binaries, with separations between the two stars from a few au to more than several thousand au, are valuable objects for various research topics in Galactic astronomy. As the number of newly reported wide binaries continues to increase, studying the chemical abundances of their component stars becomes more important. We conducted high-resolution near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for six pairs of wide binary candidates using the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer at the Gemini-South telescope. One pair was excluded from the sample due to a significant difference in radial velocity between its component stars, while the remaining five pairs exhibited homogeneous properties in 3D motion and chemical composition among the pair stars. The differences in [Fe/H] ranged from 0.00 to 0.07 dex for these wide binary pairs. The abundance differences between components are comparable to the previous results from optical spectroscopy for other samples. In addition, when combining our data with literature data, it appears that the variation of abundance differences increases in wide binaries with larger separations. However, SVO 2324 and SVO 3206 showed minimal differences in most elements despite their large separation, supporting the concept of multiple formation mechanisms depending on each wide binary. This study is the first approach to the chemical properties of wide binaries based on NIR spectroscopy. Our results further highlight that NIR spectroscopy is an effective tool for stellar chemical studies based on equivalent measurements of chemical abundances from the two stars in each wide binary system. | 9 |
a bonus device and method are set forth for gaming machines . the bonus device is configured as a two dimensional display or three dimensional object , such as a sphere , box , or football shape , which can be controlled to rotate , spin or move to display a bonus . the bonus device is embedded with display technology that allows the bonus amounts , to change upon certain conditions in the base game such as an increased number of credits wagered , combinations achieved in the base game , or other random occurrences . | 6 |
a portable pneumatic tool includes a valve closure member interposed in the tool motor exhaust passage and engaged with a speed responsive mechanism comprising a plurality of flyweights operable to move the closure member to an open position on starting of the tool motor . on decreasing motor speed a coil spring assisted by a fluid pressure drop across the closure member forces the closure member to move against the decreasing centrifugal force exerted by the flyweights to shut off motor exhaust fluid flow to stop the motor . the closure member is normally held in a partially open position by a second spring to enable the motor to be started . an alternate embodiment includes a limited motion coupling between the valve closure member and the motor drive shaft which provides assistance in opening and closing the valve closure member . | 1 |
a method and apparatus is described for a free space optical communication link that transmits and receives an optical signal using phase incoherent light . in one embodiment , the phase incoherent light source may be a superluminescent light emitting diode . use of phase incoherent light reduces signal scintillation by significantly reducing speckle in the transmitted signal . the result is an optical link that does not need an adaptive optical control loop to correct for speckle and that may modularly replace conventional laser - based phase - coherent free space optical links typically used in free space optical link systems . use of the described apparatus and methods results in reduced system size , reduced system weight , reduced system complexity , reduced power consumption , a lower initial system cost , a reduced failure rate , a decreased bit error rate , lower lifecycle maintenance costs , greater reliability , greater link availability , increased link throughput and improved network performance . | 7 |
the present invention has to do with a method and system for coating and curing engineered wood products in general , and the edges of ewps in particular . one method for coating and curing medium density fiberboard and other engineered wood laminates using coatings is provided . | 1 |
We study the ionization structure of galactic outflows in 37 nearby, star-forming galaxies with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. We use the O I, Si II, Si III, and Si IV ultraviolet absorption lines to characterize the different ionization states of outflowing gas. We measure the equivalent widths, line widths, and outflow velocities of the four transitions, and find shallow scaling relations between them and galactic stellar mass and star formation rate. Regardless of the ionization potential, lines of similar strength have similar velocities and line widths, indicating that the four transitions can be modelled as a comoving phase. The Si equivalent width ratios (e.g. Si IV/Si II) have low dispersion, and little variation with stellar mass; while ratios with O I and Si vary by a factor of 2 for a given stellar mass. Photoionization models reproduce these equivalent width ratios, while shock models under predict the relative amount of high ionization gas. The photoionization models constrain the ionization parameter (U) between -2.25 < log (U) < -1.5, and require that the outflow metallicities are greater than 0.5 Z<SUB>⊙</SUB>. We derive ionization fractions for the transitions, and show that the range of ionization parameters and stellar metallicities leads to a factor of 1.15-10 variation in the ionization fractions. Historically, mass outflow rates are calculated by converting a column density measurement from a single metal ion into a total hydrogen column density using an ionization fraction, thus mass outflow rates are sensitive to the assumed ionization structure of the outflow. | 9 |
a multi - digit fluorescent indicating apparatus and a manufacturing method therefor are disclosed . the indicating apparatus includes an enclosure , formed by sealing a base plate and an upper surface window plate together , and containing one or more segmented electrodes of fluorescent material coated on the base plate . in the manufacturing method , various lead - in wires for grids and cathodes as well as spacers for grids are formed from a single metal plate , facilitating easy connection to external circuits and improving compactness lightness and reliability as well as reducing manufacturing costs . | 7 |
a transfer device combines an advance - return drive mechanism and a clamp - unclamp drive mechanism . the transfer device operates from only one side of a press to position both drive mechanisms above a pair of feed bars thereby greatly reducing spatial constraints and costs and enabling an increase in speed . the feed bars operate to process a work piece along a process direction . the feed bars are cantilevered from the transfer device for easy use with a press , raw materials feeder , and product gatherer . | 1 |
disclosed herein is a self light emission display device includes a buffer memory configured to delay the supply of pixel data to a self light emission panel , a lookup table configured to store all gradation values corresponding to a variable range of the pixel data and electric power values to be consumed for light emission respectively at the gradation values , in association with each other , and a power consumption calculator configured to add respective power consumption values of all pixels of a frame which are determined by referring to said lookup table to calculate a power consumption value of the frame . | 6 |
a process for identifying the location of a break in a scan chain in real time as fail data is collected from a tester . processing a test pattern before applying it on a tester provides a signature enabling a method for a tester to identify a scan cell which is stuck during the time the tester is operating on a device under test rather than accumulating voluminous test data sets for delayed offline analysis . | 6 |
Transiting planets with orbital periods longer than 40 d are extremely rare among the 5000+ planets discovered so far. The lack of discoveries of this population poses a challenge to research into planetary demographics, formation, and evolution. Here, we present the detection and characterization of HD 88986 b, a potentially transiting sub-Neptune, possessing the longest orbital period among known transiting small planets (<4 R<SUB>⊕</SUB>) with a precise mass measurement (σ<SUB>M</SUB>/M > 25%). Additionally, we identified the presence of a massive companion in a wider orbit around HD 88986. To validate this discovery, we used a combination of more than 25 yr of extensive radial velocity (RV) measurements (441 SOPHIE data points, 31 ELODIE data points, and 34 HIRES data points), Gaia DR3 data, 21 yr of photometric observations with the automatic photoelectric telescope (APT), two sectors of TESS data, and a 7-day observation of CHEOPS. Our analysis reveals that HD 88986 b, based on two potential single transits on sector 21 and sector 48 which are both consistent with the predicted transit time from the RV model, is potentially transiting. The joint analysis of RV and photometric data show that HD 88986 b has a radius of 2.49 ± 0.18 R<SUB>⊕</SUB>, a mass of 17.2<SUB>−3.8</SUB><SUP>+4.0</SUP> M<SUB>⊕</SUB>, and it orbits every 146.05<SUB>−0.40</SUB><SUP>+0.43</SUP> d around a subgiant HD 88986 which is one of the closest and brightest exoplanet host stars (G2Vtype, R = 1.543 ± 0.065 R<SUB>⊙</SUB>, V = 6.47 ± 0.01 mag, distance = 33.37 ± 0.04 pc). The nature of the outer, massive companion is still to be confirmed; a joint analysis of RVs, HIPPARCOS, and Gaia astrometric data shows that with a 3σ confidence interval, its semi-major axis is between 16.7 and 38.8 au and its mass is between 68 and 284 M<SUB>Jup</SUB>. HD 88986 b's wide orbit suggests the planet did not undergo significant mass loss due to extreme-ultraviolet radiation from its host star. Therefore, it probably maintained its primordial composition, allowing us to probe its formation scenario. Furthermore, the cold nature of HD 88986 b (460 ± 8 K), thanks to its long orbital period, will open up exciting opportunities for future studies of cold atmosphere composition characterization. Moreover, the existence of a massive companion alongside HD 88986 b makes this system an interesting case study for understanding planetary formation and evolution. <P />Appendix D is available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/681/A55">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/681/A55</A> | 9 |
an apparatus for locking a table of a seat back to selectively secure the table in multiple stages , may include a base , a shaft coupled to the base and the table , an actuating arm fastened to the shaft and rotatable with the shaft , the actuating arm having actuating gear teeth , a locking arm rotatably provided on the base , wherein the locking arm includes locking gear teeth and the locking gear teeth is selectively engaged with the actuating gear teeth by the actuating arm such that when the actuating arm is rotated in a forward direction , the actuating gear teeth is engaged with the locking gear teeth or pass over the locking gear teeth according to rotational degree of the actuating arm , and a locking arm holding unit co - axially coupled with the actuating arm to the base and selectively activated by the actuating arm . | 8 |
a method and apparatus serving either as a retrofit kit or new sign front for beverage vending machines to allow the display of product contained in the machine by means of significantly larger product identification indicia than the existing product identification indicia and the display windows are specifically correlated to selection mechanisms associated with the larger windows and may also include numbers , letters , symbols , connecting lines and / or colors . the existing selection operatives are deactivated and a vandal panel corner is optionally applied to the machine to eliminate product selection switches . a circuit board is added that enables increasing the number of product selections and it is adapted to be used with different manufacturer &# 39 ; s machines . reinforcement bar means is optionally provided for the signage panel . a holder may be provided for flavor label cards that is exclusively attached to the rear of the signage . alternatively , audio and / or visual effects are added to the machine . in a new vendor door the appearance of a center column machine may be established with the sign front and strengthening of the center column panel along with enhancing security of the machine . | 6 |
an end discharge system is disclosed for quickly removing blanked and formed end closures from a forming press , the end discharge system including rotating overhead belts mounted closely adjacent the press tooling , and operable to receive air - blasted or otherwise - ejected pre - curled end closures from the forming tooling and then rapidly draw the discharged end underneath the belt along a guide track in a discharge plate away from the tooling area , for subsequent delivery to associated cross conveyors or other end collection equipment . the belt discharge apparatus allows the container ends to be quickly deposited in a uniform , consistently spaced line or pattern upon the associated cross conveyors , all without any substantial damage to the ends and any coated surfaces thereon . | 1 |
an automatically cooling iron has : a housing with an electric heating plate on the bottom , a fan inside of the housing , a motion status detector and an automatic switch circuit . the motion status detector is a ball switch providing three kinds of status information : statically and horizontally placing / statically and vertically standing / motion . the automatic switch circuit has a heating switch , a fan switch and a microprocessor . the microprocessor calculates horizontally placing time or vertical standing time according to the information of statically and horizontally placing / statically and vertically standing / motion provided by said ball switch , and if the horizontally placing time or vertical standing time reaches a predetermined value , the microprocessor controls the heating switch to cut off power to the electric heating plate and controls the fan switch to turn on the fan . | 3 |
a touch sensitive active matrix display device is provided . the device includes a display fabricated on a first flexible substrate , said display having a viewing surface . the device further includes a touch sensitive sensor including a second flexible substrate , under said display . the touch sensor is operated by touching said viewing surface of said display , and said combined display and touch sensitive sensor is flexible . | 6 |
this invention relates to a media exposing device for exposing media . the media exposure device includes a holding structure ; a substrate having a plurality of diodes mounted thereon ; and a radiation modification element for modifying the radiation emitted by the diodes . the substrate and the radiation modification element are secured by the holding structure in an arrangement wherein the diodes can emit radiation from the device and wherein the radiation modification element is spaced from the diodes in the radiation path of the diodes ; and a telecentric lens secured to the holding structure in an arrangement wherein the telecentric lens is substantially in register with the radiation path of the diodes . | 7 |
methods and devices that displace bone or other hard tissue to create a cavity in the tissue . where such methods and devices rely on a driving mechanism for providing moving of the device to form a profile that improves displacement of the tissue . these methods and devices also allow for creating a path or cavity in bone for insertion of bone cement or other filler to treat a fracture or other condition in the bone . the features relating to the methods and devices described herein can be applied in any region of bone or hard tissue where the tissue or bone is displaced to define a bore or cavity instead of being extracted from the body such as during a drilling or ablation procedure . | 0 |
this invention relates to intercarrier chat blacklist or whitelist method as well as the message server which supports this method . | 7 |
a method and system for aiding the selecting / culling or reformatting of encoded containers stored in a multi - rack array with respect to certain desired characteristics of compositions held within the containers employing a corresponding graphical interface that indicates the physical position of the containers within the array , and selection operations to be performed with respect to one or more containers in the array . | 6 |
A neutral network connects functional genotypes within a fitness landscape and provides accessible paths for evolution. RNA neutral networks have been extensive studied theoretically, but no empirical evidence of such a network has been found. In this work, we use a deep learning-guided evolutionary algorithm to explore the sequence space of an RNA ligase ribozyme. High-throughput screening was used to evaluate the activities of ribozyme mutants over eight generations. We discover that one of the mutants identified that differs from the wildtype by 16 mutations is connected with the wildtype by an extensive network of neutral paths. The software provided here reproduces the figures found in "Experimental exploration of a ribozyme neutral network using evolutionary algorithm and deep learning" by Rotrattanadumrong and Yokobayashi. | 9 |
a device for treatment of mitral annulus dilation is disclosed , wherein the device comprises two states . in a first of these states the device is insertable into the coronary sinus and has a shape of the coronary sinus . when positioned in the coronary sinus , the device is transferable to the second state assuming a reduced radius of curvature , whereby the radius of curvature of the coronary sinus and the radius of curvature as well as the circumference of the mitral annulus is reduced . | 0 |
Mid-infrared arcs of dust emission are often seen near ionizing stars within H II regions. A possible explanations for these arcs is that they could show the outer edges of asymmetric stellar wind bubbles. We use two-dimensional, radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of wind bubbles within H II regions around individual stars to predict the infrared emission properties of the dust within the H II region. We assume that dust and gas are dynamically well-coupled and that dust properties (composition, size distribution) are the same in the H II region as outside it, and that the wind bubble contains no dust. We post-process the simulations to make synthetic intensity maps at infrared wavebands using the torus code. We find that the outer edge of a wind bubble emits brightly at 24 μm through starlight absorbed by dust grains and re-radiated thermally in the infrared. This produces a bright arc of emission for slowly moving stars that have asymmetric wind bubbles, even for cases where there is no bow shock or any corresponding feature in tracers of gas emission. The 24 μm intensity decreases exponentially from the arc with increasing distance from the star because the dust temperature decreases with distance. The size distribution and composition of the dust grains has quantitative but not qualitative effects on our results. Despite the simplifications of our model, we find good qualitative agreement with observations of the H II region RCW 120, and can provide physical explanations for any quantitative differences. Our model produces an infrared arc with the same shape and size as the arc around CD -38°11636 in RCW 120, and with comparable brightness. This suggests that infrared arcs around O stars in H II regions may be revealing the extent of stellar wind bubbles, although we have not excluded other explanations. | 9 |
male and female parts of a buckle have mating shapes which together form ears and depressed eyes of an animal face . the male part has the shape of an anchor with eyes which slide into grooves to lock the parts , and ears which project upward from a slot in the cylindrical female part . hooks on the female part back secure a cord loop which extends from the female part . a cover snaps on the back of the female part . | 8 |
Results of the initial calibration of the Ultra-Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) were reported earlier by Tandon et al. The results reported earlier were based on the ground calibration as well as the first observations in orbit. Some additional data from the ground calibration and data from more in-orbit observations have been used to improve the results. In particular, extensive new data from in-orbit observations have been used to obtain (a) new photometric calibration that includes (i) zero points, (ii) flat fields, and (iii) saturation; (b) sensitivity variations; (c) spectral calibration for the near ultraviolet (NUV; 2000-3000 Å) and far ultraviolet (FUV; 1300-1800 Å) gratings; (d) point-spread function; and (e) astrometric calibration including distortion. Data acquired over the last three years show continued good performance of UVIT with no reduction in sensitivity in both UV channels. | 9 |
a method is described for efficiently delivering a presentation of web content comprised of a media , such as audio or video content , having defined time increments , together with one or more other content sources , such as images or events to be displayed on a monitor , synchronized so that the one ore more other images or events are displayed at predetermined time increments in the media presentation . furthermore , the entire presentation is delivered in streaming fashion , so that the end user does not have to wait for the entirety of the content data to be downloaded before starting the presentation , but rather can start viewing and listening to the presentation after a relatively short delay period . the media data and the other content need not reside at a single server source . an authoring tool for creating such composite time - synchronous content automatically determines the necessary information for scheduling player requests to the servers . this information , together with the actual presentation content , is sent to a special player which can interpret the information and act according to its instructions . | 7 |
systems and methods for providing a login context operate a virtual machine , wherein the virtual machine includes an open services platform and an authentication service , wherein the authentication service includes a classloader , and an initial classloader is designated as the classloader of the authentication service , register a login module , receive an authentication request from a first application , and responsive to receiving the authentication request designate a classloader associated with the login module as the classloader of the authentication service , generate a login context of the login module , and provide the login context of the login module to the first application , whereby the first application uses the login context to perform an authentication . | 6 |
Simulating deep solar convection and its coupled mean-field motions is a formidable challenge where few observational results constrain models that suffer from the nonphysical influence of the grid resolution. We present hydrodynamic global implicit large-eddy simulations of deep solar convection performed with the EULAG-MHD code, and we explore the effects of grid resolution on the properties of rotating and nonrotating convection. The results, based on low-order moments and turbulent spectra, reveal that convergence in nonrotating simulations may be achieved at resolutions not much higher than these considered here. The flow is highly anisotropic, with the energy contained in horizontal divergent motions exceeding their radial counterpart by more than three orders of magnitude. By contrast, in rotating simulations, the largest energy is in the toroidal part of the horizontal motions. As the grid resolution increases, the turbulent correlations change in such a way that a solar-like differential rotation, obtained in the simulation with the coarser grid, transitions to an antisolar differential rotation. The reason for this change is the contribution of the effective viscosity to the balance of the forces driving large-scale flows. As the effective viscosity decreases, the angular momentum balance improves, yet the force balance in the meridional direction lessens, favoring a strong meridional flow that advects angular momentum toward the poles. The results suggest that obtaining the correct distribution of angular momentum may not be a mere issue of numerical resolution. Accounting for additional physics, such as magnetism or the near-surface shear layer, may be necessary in simulating the solar interior. | 9 |
methods for the purification of the macrolide moxidectin result in higher purity levels than can often otherwise be obtained . the crystalline moxidectin is then used in a wide variety of pharmaceutical and veterinary applications , including the prevention , treatment and control of parasites in plants , animals and humans . | 2 |
a holder for a mobile telecommunications terminal , in particular a smartphone , has a receptacle for the terminal . the holder has a first locking mechanism by which the smartphone can be locked in the receptacle . there is also described a system for fastening a smartphone to a shopping trolley handle , a base station for accommodating a plurality of holders and a method for fastening a smartphone to a shopping trolley handle . | 1 |
a net - shaped protective material for wire harness sheathing which has flame retardancy and is free from mesh deformation . vertical strands and horizontal strands which are constituted of a flame - retardant resin wire having an elliptic sectional shape have been pressed and hot melt bonded at the intersections thereof to form a net shape . the vertical strands and horizontal strands are superposed at the intersections without interlacing , and one or both of the vertical strands and horizontal strands are melted in a state where 40 % to 50 % of the sectional area has been melted and embedded in the other strands . the protective metal has a cut end which has undergone fraying prevention processing . | 8 |
a powder dosing system for not easily flowing cohesive and adhesive powders with a feed hopper , a discharge device , a conveying device , where the discharge device has an inclined vibrating floor , and where the discharge opening from the feed hopper and the discharge opening of the discharge device are arranged relative to each other in such a manner that a reliable and relatively precise dosing of the problematic powdery materials is possible without jamming . this is accomplished by also taking into account the specific angle of repose of the material in question . with the help of a special design of various conveying devices , such as a conveying container for discontinuous dosing and a bucket wheel lock for continuous dosing , the system can be optimized . | 1 |
a secure internet authorization system is based on matching of randomly generated number strings , generated at a module carried by an individual seeking authorization and uploaded to an offline vault during a setup procedure . during authorization the module generates one portion of the string , with the vault generating a quickly disappearing second portion of the string . upon arrival of both portions at an authorization requesting protocol and match at the vault the action to be authorized is authorized . | 7 |
In the last decade, white-light illuminated Fabry-Pérot interferometers have been established as a widely used, relatively simple, reliable, and cost-effective way to precisely calibrate high-resolution echelle spectrographs. However, a recent study reported a chromatic drift of the Fabry-Pérot interferometer installed at the Habitable-zone Planet Finder spectrograph. In particular, they found that the variation of the etalon effective gap size is not achromatic, as has usually been assumed, but that, in fact, it depends on wavelength. Here, we present a similar study of the Espresso Fabry-Pérot interferometer. Using daily calibrations spanning a period of over 2.5 yr, we also find clear evidence for a chromatic drift with an amplitude of a few cm s<SUP>−1</SUP> per day with a characteristic, quasi-oscillatory dependence on wavelength. We conclude that this effect is probably caused by the aging of the dielectric mirror coatings and we expect that similar chromatic drifts might affect all Fabry-Pérot interferometers used for the calibration of astronomical spectrographs. However, we also demonstrate that the chromatic drift can be measured and, in principle, corrected using only standard calibrations based on hollow cathode lamp spectra. | 9 |
in a multiple coupling lock system and method for an environmentally sealed filling or refilling of a first container or a first hose , a first coupling lock has an opening area which is opened . a first flexible conveyance unit has a first end connected to the first coupling lock in an environmentally sealed manner . a second opposite end of the first flexible conveyance unit connects to a second coupling lock in an environmentally sealed manner , the opening area of the first coupling lock being sufficiently large when opened to allow the second coupling lock to pass therethrough . the second coupling lock connects in an environmentally sealed manner to the first container or first hose . the system or method provides the ability to environmentally fill or refill the first container or first hose in an environmentally sealed manner . | 1 |
We present a spectroscopic analysis of main sequence (MS) stars in the young globular cluster NGC 1818 (age ∼40 Myr) in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Our photometric survey of Magellanic Clouds clusters has revealed that NGC 1818, similar to other young objects with ages ≲600 Myr, displays not only an extended MS turnoff (eMSTO), as observed in intermediate-age clusters (age ∼1-2 Gyr), but also a split MS. The most straightforward interpretation of the double MS is the presence of two stellar populations: a sequence of slowly rotating stars lying on the blue-MS (bMS) and a sequence of fast rotators, with rotation close to the breaking speed, defining a red-MS (rMS). We report the first direct spectroscopic measurements of projected rotational velocities v\sin i for the double MS, eMSTO, and Be stars of a young cluster. The analysis of line profiles includes non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects, required for correctly deriving v\sin i values. Our results suggest that: (i) the mean rotation for bMS and rMS stars is v\sin i =71 ± 10 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> (σ = 37 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>) and v\sin i = 202 ± 23 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> (σ = 91 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>), respectively; (ii) eMSTO stars have different v\sin i, which are generally lower than those inferred for rMS stars, and (iii) as expected, Be stars display the highest v\sin i values. This analysis supports the idea that distinct rotational velocities play an important role in the appearance of multiple stellar populations in the color-magnitude diagrams of young clusters, and poses new constraints on the current scenarios. <P />Based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO programme 0100.D-0520(A), and observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. | 9 |
a magnetic tunnel junction having a first electrode separated from a second electrode by a tunneling barrier is provided . the tunneling barrier is a ferromagnetic insulator that provides a spin dependent barrier energy for tunneling . the first electrode includes a ferromagnetic , electrically conductive layer . electrons emitted from the first electrode toward the tunneling barrier are partially or completely spin - polarized according to the magnetization of the ferromagnetic electrode layer . the electrical resistance of the tunnel junction depends on the relative orientation of the electrode layer magnetization and the tunneling barrier magnetization . such tunnel junctions are widely applicable to spintronic devices , such as spin valves , magnetic tunnel junctions , spin switches , spin valve transistors , spin filters , and to spintronic applications such as magnetic recording , magnetic random access memory , ultrasensitive magnetic field sensing , spin injection and spin detection . | 1 |
We investigate the ultradiffuse galaxy (UDG) UGC 9050-Dw1, which was selected because of its disturbed morphology as part of a larger sample of UDGs that display evidence for significant interactions. We use the Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys to identify globular clusters (GCs) associated with UGC 9050-Dw1, and the Jansky Very Large Array to measure its H I content. UGC 9050-Dw1, a neighbor to the low surface brightness spiral UGC 9050, exhibits a unique UV-bright central "clump" with clearly associated H I gas and an extended stellar tidal plume to the north. We identify 52 ± 12 GCs, implying a specific frequency of S <SUB>N</SUB> = 122 ± 38, one of the highest reported for a UDG of this luminosity ( $\mathrm{log}{L}_{V}/{L}_{\odot }=7.5\pm 0.1$ ). Additionally, ~20% of the total light of the galaxy is contributed by GCs. Nearly uniform GC colors suggest they were formed during a single intense episode of star formation. We posit that UGC 9050-Dw1 represents the initial definitive observational example of UDG formation resulting from a dwarf merger event, where subsequent clumpy star formation has contributed to its present observed characteristics. | 9 |
We revisit the orbital history of the Triangulum galaxy (M33) around the Andromeda galaxy (M31) in view of the recent Gaia Data Release 2 proper motion measurements for both Local Group galaxies. Earlier studies consider highly idealized dynamical friction, but neglect the effects of dynamical mass loss. We show the latter process to be important using mutually consistent orbit integration and N-body simulations. Following this approach, we find an orbital solution that brings these galaxies to within ∼50 kpc of each other in the past, ∼6.5 Gyr ago. We explore the implications of their interaction using an N-body/hydrodynamical simulation with a focus on the origin of two prominent features: (1) M31's Giant Stellar Stream; and (2) the M31-M33 H I filament. We find that the tidal interaction does not produce a structure reminiscent of the stellar stream that survives up to the present day. In contrast, the M31-M33 H I filament is likely a fossil structure dating back to the time of the ancient encounter between these galaxies. Similarly, the observed outer disc warp in M33 may well be a relic of this past event. Our model suggests the presence of a tidally induced gas envelope around these galaxies, and the existence of a diffuse gas stream, the 'Triangulum stream', stretching for tens of kpc from M33 away from M31. We anticipate upcoming observations with the recently commissioned, Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical radio Telescope that will target the putative stream in its first years of operation. | 9 |
a skylight shaft is coated with a highly reflective film to maximize the amount of light transmitted from the top of the skylight to a room below the skylight . surface irregularities are formed in the shaft or adhesive that holds the film onto the shaft to diffuse the light and thereby prevent the formation of focal “ hot spots ” in the room below . | 5 |
the present invention relates to the estimation of the amount of subtypes of specific cells , for example the number of certain subtypes of leukocytes , by measurements of unique proteins in extracts of blood and other biological material . the knowledge of the number or amount of specific subtypes of white cells is important in the clinical diagnosis and surveillance of subjects with inflammatory disease including infectious disease , cancer , allergy / asthma etc . | 6 |
the invention relates to an apparatus for receiving downhole acoustic signals , processing the signals into electric signals , then transmitting the signals wirelessly to a remote above - surface monitoring station . the apparatus is mountable to an above - surface rotatable component used in borehole application . the apparatus includes an instrument housing , and a clamping assembly attached to the housing and having sufficient length and flexibility to enable the apparatus to surround the perimeter of the rotatable component . | 4 |
the present invention relates generally to a radiant heating assembly , system and method . one or more elongate thermally insulative panels are coupled to one or more elongate structural members wherein each such panel assembly may be placed adjacent or in longitudinal alignment with another such panel assembly . the structural members are configured to extend longitudinally and / or recess longitudinally with respect to the structural members for assisting in longitudinal alignment thereof . the thermally insulative panels may include a radiant heating element received on a surface thereof . a tubing for transporting heated water or electrical energy may be received by the radiant heating element for delivering heat therethrough . one or more edge panels may be positioned at a longitudinal edge of the thermally insulative panels wherein a groove in a surface thereof provides for the delivery of the tubing from one thermally insulative panel to another . | 8 |
a miter saw design with a cutting arm pivot mechanism that allows the pivot point of the cutting arc to move in a predetermined path in the plane described by the rotating cutting surface . the “ floating pivot ” enables the tool to accommodate larger pieces of material than conventional miter saws with the same diameter cutting blade . this design also allows the saw to be more compact , lighter in weight , and less complex in comparison to the sliding miter saw . thus , a miter saw can be provided that provides the cutting capacity of a larger saw with less weight , bulk , and cost than the current alternatives . | 8 |
there is provided a media pack which can be removably mounted in a printer , and which allows a consumable article or articles contained therein for use by the printer , and enables the printer to easily recognize whether there is a possibility of degradation of the consumable article due to a long time period elapsing after filling or producing of the consumable article . a pack body contains ink and a print medium for use by the printer , and a memory is arranged within the pack body , for having readably written therein data related to the print medium , which includes at least information of a year and month at which the print medium was filled or produced . | 1 |
a deposition system for depositing a chemical vapor onto a workpiece , including a deposition chamber having a plurality of components for performing chemical vapor deposition on the workpiece . the deposition chamber includes an inner skin made of hasteloy for sealing the plurality of components and the workpiece from the air surrounding the deposition system , and an outer skin that encloses the inner skin and is separated from the inner skin by an air gap . the outer skin includes vents that create a convection current in the air gap between the inner skin and outer skin of the deposition chamber . the deposition system also has a gas panel for regulating the flow of gases and vapors into the deposition chamber , and a computer for controlling operation of the gas panel and the components in the deposition chamber . | 2 |
a unitized photovoltaic assembly is disclosed . a unitized photovoltaic assembly consists of a unitary frame designed to retain a plurality of photovoltaic modules . the unitary frame is formed by orienting a plurality of rails in the lateral direction above and mounted to a plurality of struts oriented in the vertical direction . once the unitary framed is formed , photovoltaic modules slide into slots running the length of the rails and are thus retained in the unitary frame . also added to the unitary frame are a series of power conversion elements , retaining brackets , mounting brackets , and cleaning elements . the completed unitized photovoltaic assembly can be fabricated off - site , transported as a single unit and installed to a roof or other surface with the use of a specialized lifting frame , also disclosed . additional unitized photovoltaic assemblies can be mechanically and electrically interconnected to form a complete photovoltaic system . | 8 |
a pouch producing machine for producing protective pouches has a feeding device , a gluing device , a glue provider and a cutting - forming device . a sheet of pouch has an upper sheet , a lower sheet , a middle bar and two side bars . the already combined sheet of pouches , after being processed by the machine , becomes an individual pouch having its three sides sealed by the middle bar and the side bars . | 1 |
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