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a handwriting recognition device using fuzzy logic and cellular neural network for unconstrained handwritten numeral classification is provided . the current mode vlsi classifier has a i / o circuit for inputting and outputting a plurality of membership functions . an extraction unit comprising a ccd extractor with a cnn structure and a compression unit receives a to - be - recognized character having a plurality of input features for generating a plurality of features values after compression . a membership function generator stores the plurality of membership functions and receives the plurality of features values to generate a plurality of current - type membership degrees . a plurality of switched - current integrators receives the plurality of current - type membership degrees for generating a plurality of synthesis membership degrees . a k - wta circuit is provided for comparing the plurality of synthesis membership degrees and output the plurality of synthesis membership degrees as well as the corresponding characters in an order of magnitude . | 6 |
improved polyester fiber - rubber vulcanizates are described which are prepared with phosphinothioyl amino sulfide of the formula ## str1 ## as the vulcanization accelerator . | 2 |
We analysed a dedicated NuSTAR observation of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary Z-source GX 13+1 to study the timing and spectral properties of the source. From the colour-colour diagram, we conclude that during that observation the source transitioned from the normal branch to the flaring branch. We fitted the spectra of the source in each branch with a model consisting of an accretion disc, a Comptonized blackbody, relativistic reflection (relxillNS), and photoionized absorption (warmabs). Thanks to the combination of the large effective area and good energy resolution of NuSTAR at high energies, we found evidence of relativistic reflection in both the Fe K line profile and the Compton hump present in the 10-25 keV energy range. The inner disc radius is R<SUB>in</SUB> ≲ 9.6 r<SUB>g</SUB> , which allowed us to further constrain the magnetic field strength to B ≲ 1.8 × 10<SUP>8</SUP> G. We also found evidence for the presence of a hot wind leading to photoionized absorption of Fe and Ni, with a Ni overabundance of ~6 times solar. From the spectral fits, we find that the distance between the ionizing source and the slab of ionized absorbing material is ~4-40 × 10<SUP>5</SUP> km. We also found that the width of the boundary layer extends ~3 km above the surface of a neutron star, which yielded a neutron star radius R<SUB>NS</SUB> ≲ 16 km. The scenario inferred from the spectral modelling becomes self-consistent only for high electron densities in the accretion disc, n<SUB>e</SUB> ~ 10<SUP>22</SUP> - 10<SUP>23</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP>, as expected for a Shakura-Sunyaev disc, and significantly above the densities provided by relxillNS models. These results have implications for our understanding of the physical conditions in GX 13+1. | 9 |
a strap fastener includes a fastener body on which a strap is retained , and a socket member adapted to be mounted on the fabric of a bag to retain the fastener body for connecting the strap to the bag . the fastener body has a plug with an enlarged head snappingly receivable in a stepped bore formed in the socket member . the fastener body is rotatable about the axis of the plug with respect to the socket member . with this construction , the strap is connected to the bag with utmost ease and can be adjusted in a desired posture to suit with the physical characteristics of the user . | 0 |
We study the chaotic-like behavior of cosmological simulations by quantifying how minute perturbations grow over time and manifest as macroscopic differences in galaxy properties. When we run pairs of “shadow” simulations that are identical except for random minute initial displacements to particle positions (e.g., of order {10}<SUP>-7</SUP> {pc}), the results diverge from each other at the individual galaxy level (while the statistical properties of the ensemble of galaxies are unchanged). After cosmological times, the global properties of pairs of “shadow” galaxies that are matched between the simulations differ from each other, generally at a level of ∼2-25%, depending on the considered physical quantity. We perform these experiments using cosmological volumes of {(25{--}50{Mpc}/h)}<SUP>3</SUP> evolved either purely with dark matter, or with baryons and star formation but no feedback, or else using the full feedback model of the IllustrisTNG project. The runs cover four resolution levels spanning a factor of 512 in mass. We find that, without feedback, the differences between shadow galaxies generally become smaller as the resolution increases—but with the IllustrisTNG model, the results mostly converge toward a “floor.” This hints at the role of feedback in setting the chaotic properties of galaxy formation. Importantly, we compare the macroscopic differences between shadow galaxies to the overall scatter in various galaxy scaling relations, and conclude that, for the star formation-mass and the Tully-Fisher relations, the butterfly effect in our simulations contributes significantly to the overall scatter. We find that our results are robust to whether random numbers are used in the subgrid models or not. We discuss the implications for galaxy formation theory in general and for cosmological simulations in particular. | 9 |
Short gamma-ray bursts (GRB) with extended emission (EE) that are composed of an initial short hard spike followed by a long-lasting EE are thought to comprise a sucategory of short GRBs. The narrow energy band available during the Swift era, combined with a lack of spectral information, prevented the discovery of the intrinsic properties of these events. In this paper, we perform a systematic search of short GRBs with EE using all available Fermi/GBM data. The search identified 26 GBM-detected short GRBs with EE that are similar to GRB 060614 observed by Swift/BAT. We focus on investigating the spectral and temporal properties of both the hard spike and the EE component of all 26 GRBs, and explore differences and possible correlations between them. We find that while the peak energy (E<SUB>p</SUB>) of the hard spikes is slightly harder than that of the EE, their fluences are comparable. The harder E<SUB>p</SUB> seems to correspond to a larger fluence and peak flux, with a large scatter for both the hard spike and the EE component. Moreover, the E<SUB>p</SUB> of both the hard spike and the EE are compared with other short GRBs. Finally, we also compare the properties of GRB 170817A with those of short GRBs with EE and find no significant statistical differences between them. We find that GRB 170817A has the lowest E<SUB>p</SUB>, probably because it is off-axis. | 9 |
a foldable organic light emitting display device comprises a substrate including a display region and a non - display region , the non - display region located at a periphery of the display region ; an emitting diode in the display region ; and an encapsulation film covering both the emitting diode and an entirety of the display region , and the encapsulation film covering and a part of the non - display region without covering at least another part of the non - display region . | 7 |
a pulse oximeter sensor comprising an emitter and a detector coupled to a substrate layer and a partially opaque layer located on a patient contact side of the sensor and covering the emitter . the partially opaque layer is configured to attenuate light shunted via the partially opaque layer from the emitter to the detector , and may be configured such that less than 10 % of the light detected by the detector is shunted light . | 0 |
a unique sabot for a sub - caliber or otherwise unusually configured projectile , the sabot being designed to have regions which , under the pressures automatically applied to one or more surfaces of the sabot during the launching of the projectile , fail , causing fracturing of the sabot and separation of the sabot pieces from the projectile within a short distance from the end of the launching device . particular structure including a frangible sabot body with separation slots shaped to concentrate stresses in the body , and external pressure elements aligned with the slots are provided to achieve the desired end . immediate break - up of the sabot at the end of the launching means , such as a gun barrel , assures a short area of danger from the sabot fragments in the launching area . | 5 |
method for acquiring a plurality of gps signals , in which the signals received from the space vehicles are correlated , in an array of parallel processing modules with local replicas of a pseudorandom code . the local pseudorandom code generators are slewed periodically , on detection of an external periodical trigger int_acc , and the correlation data are dumped simultaneously to all processing modules in output registers for acquisition and tracking software . the integration period is shorter than the natural period of the pseudorandom code sequence , and all the local generators are slewed at the same time , thereby allowing a quicker acquisition of the sv c / a code . | 6 |
Datasets and code associated with *DOI of manuscript*. In-depth metadata included in the README file. | 9 |
a sensor system for detecting skew in print media along the feed path of a hardcopy device is disclosed . in one embodiment of the invention the system is arranged to generate a first image of a area of print media at a first position along the feed path and to generate a second image of the area of print media at a second position along the feed path , the system is arranged to compare the first and second images and thereby detect a change in the angle of skew of the media between the first and second positions . | 1 |
a novel polyimide as a high molecular weight material having a low dielectric constant , a low dielectric loss tangent and low water absorptivity , a polyamic acid capable of generating the above polyimide , the above polyimide and the polyamic acid being obtained by reacting an aromatic diamine , obtained by introducing aromatic amino groups into both terminals of a specific bifunctional phenylene ether oligomer , with an acid anhydride , a process for the production of the polyimide , a process for the production of the polyimide , a film of the polyimide , and a laminate comprising the above film . | 2 |
a first microprocessor controls an actuator according to a control program stored in a program storage memory , using a learnt value stored in a learning value storage memory . the learnt value is updated in response to an action of the actuator . a second microprocessor is connected to the first microprocessor to replace the control program with another control program which also has a function to initialize the learnt value . however , when the learnt value has been updated , the first microprocessor prohibits the second microprocessor from replacing the control program , thereby preventing the impairment of control response due to initialization of the learnt value . | 5 |
the invention relates to an abrasive compact comprising a mass of diamond particles and a silicon containing binder phase wherein the diamond particles are present in an amount less than 75 volume % and the binder phase contains less than 2 volume % unreacted silicon . the invention further relates to a method of producing an abrasive compact including the steps of forming a feed diamond powder into a diamond preform , interposing a separating mechanism between the diamond preform and a silicon infiltrant source , heating the diamond preform and silicon infiltrant source until the infiltrant is molten and the preform and infiltrant are isothermal and allowing infiltration from the molten silicon infiltrant source to occur into the diamond preform . | 2 |
a necktie having one or two openings or slots in the necktie body to facilitate tying and setting the length of the front section , or “ blade ” of the necktie and allowing the blade and the tail of the necktie to be arranged more easily than with a conventional necktie , with embodiments having the slot extending approximately parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the necktie , alternate embodiments having the slot set at an acute angle to the longitudinal centerline of the necktie , alternate embodiments having two slots positioned approximately parallel to one another and extending along or at an acute angle from the longitudinal centerline of the necktie , alternate embodiments having the slot inset in an enclosed mechanism , such as a zipper , to allow for the fine - tune adjustment of the slot &# 39 ; s location along the length of the necktie , alternate embodiments including an insert , such as a grommet or eyelet to reinforce the edge of the slot , alternate embodiments having buttonhole stitching to reinforce the edge of the slot , alternate embodiments in which the tail is of sufficient length to fall vertically against the torso after tying , and alternate embodiments in which the tail is cropped short either to show as a tab at the collar adjacent the slot , or to be tucked beneath the collar and not to show . | 0 |
an electric plug in which novel cable securing means is used for anchoring the cable to the plug so that any pull on the cable will prevent the cable from being pulled free from the plug and will also prevent the three wires in the cable from being accidentally disconnected from their associate electrodes . the electric plug has three electrodes with portions projecting beyond the plug , these portions being hook - shaped and designed to enter three openings in an electric outlet box , the plug being rotatable through an angle for securing the plug to the box . | 7 |
a method , and an associated computer program product and computer system . one or more processors of a first computer located in a building monitor outgoing calls from a telephone in the building . the monitoring identifies an outgoing call dialed from the telephone . the one or more processors determine that the identified outgoing call is a telephone number of an emergency response center . in response to determining that the outgoing call is the telephone number of the emergency response center , the one or more processors transmit , via a communications network , emergency data having relevance to an emergency at the building to a second computer of the emergency response center and to emergency responders available to respond to the emergency at the building . the emergency responders are associated with the emergency response center . the emergency data transmitted to each emergency responder is specific to each emergency responder . | 7 |
We investigate the change in ionizing photons in galaxies in the range 0.2\lt z\lt 0.6 using the F2 field of the SHELS complete galaxy redshift survey. We show, for the first time, that while the [O iii]/Hβ and [O iii]/[O ii] ratios rise, the [N ii]/Hα and [S ii]/Hα ratios fall significantly over the 0.2\lt z\lt 0.35 redshift range for stellar masses in the range 9.2\lt {log}(M/{M}<SUB>⊙ </SUB>)\lt 10.6. The [O iii]/Hβ and [O iii]/[O ii] ratios continue to rise across the full 0.2\lt z\lt 0.6 redshift range for stellar masses in the range 9.8\lt {log}(M/{M}<SUB>⊙ </SUB>)\lt 10.0. We conclusively rule out active galactic nucleus contamination, a changing ISM pressure, and a change in the hardness of the EUV radiation field as the cause of the change in the line ratios in the range 0.2\lt z\lt 0.35. We find that the ionization parameter rises significantly with redshift (by 0.1-0.25 dex depending on the stellar mass of the sample). We show that the ionization parameter is strongly correlated with the fraction of young-to-old stars, as traced by the Hβ equivalent width. We discuss the implications of this result on higher redshift studies, and we consider the implications on the use of standard optical metallicity diagnostics at high redshift. | 9 |
The TESS mission produces a large amount of time series data, only a small fraction of which contain detectable exoplanetary transit signals. Deep-learning techniques such as neural networks have proved effective at differentiating promising astrophysical eclipsing candidates from other phenomena such as stellar variability and systematic instrumental effects in an efficient, unbiased, and sustainable manner. This paper presents a high-quality data set containing light curves from the Primary Mission and 1st Extended Mission full-frame images and periodic signals detected via box least-squares. The data set was curated using a thorough manual review process then used to train a neural network called Astronet-Triage-v2. On our test set, for transiting/eclipsing events, we achieve a 99.6% recall (true positives over all data with positive labels) at a precision of 75.7% (true positives over all predicted positives). Since 90% of our training data is from the Primary Mission, we also test our ability to generalize on held-out 1st Extended Mission data. Here, we find an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.965, a 4% improvement over Astronet-Triage. On the TESS object of interest (TOI) Catalog through 2022 April, a shortlist of planets and planet candidates, Astronet-Triage-v2 is able to recover 3577 out of 4140 TOIs, while Astronet-Triage only recovers 3349 targets at an equal level of precision. In other words, upgrading to Astronet-Triage-v2 helps save at least 200 planet candidates from being lost. The new model is currently used for planet candidate triage in the Quick-Look Pipeline. | 9 |
the invention relates to a document bearing an image or a text , broken down into a large number of elementary areas with which are associated respectively a large number of indexes . according to the invention , each index includes a group of dots placed on the document in the vicinity of the associated elementary area and forming a specific code for the said area , the indexes as a whole forming a location frame covering the said image or the said text and superimposed thereupon , each group of dots being readable by optical reading means cooperating with a data processing system comprising a data medium addressable by means of the said indexes . | 6 |
a biochip includes a flat carrier and an array of spots containing catcher molecules which are arranged on the carrier . each spot is associated with a microelectrode arrangement for impedance spectroscopic detection of binding events occurring between the catcher molecules and the target molecules applied via an analyte solution . in order to increase the sensitivity or the binding - specific measuring effects of the bio - chip , the electrode arrangement is at least partially embedded in a hydrophilic reaction layer containing catcher molecules and which is permeable to target molecules . | 6 |
a thermostat for a pneumatic control system controls output pressures to a plurality of elements to be controlled . the thermostat can control output pressure directly or inversely and linearly or nonlinearly with respect to temperature . additionally , the pressures can be controlled sequentially or simultaneously . | 8 |
a terminal block equipped with connection parts which avoid the necessity of stripping the connecting wires . the terminal block has a groove inside which is accommodated firstly at least one connection part whose lips form an automatic stripping and blocking slot in the axis of the groove and secondly a pusher which can be manipulated from the outside and can move in translation in the groove between a partial interpenetration position with the part and a position allowing the insertion of suitable wire between said pushing piece and the part . the invention relates to electric connection and more particularly to the connection of energy distribution wires . | 7 |
a peptide nanotube device and method of manufacturing thereof are disclosed herein . the pnt device comprises pnts composed of cyclo - peptide and a matrix , including biomolecules , complexed with the pnts . the pnt device is biodegradable and biocompatible , as well as capable of being uptake by mammalian cells . wherein , the biomolecules comprise peptides , proteins , nucleic acids including dna , shrna and sirna , and drugs . the method for manufacturing pnt device comprises : dissolving a cyclo - peptide powder in a solvent to be a solution in a container ; incubating the solution at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time for the solvent to evaporate to obtain pnts formed of cyclo - peptide ; and mixing the pnts with a matrix including biomolecules to obtain the pnt device . | 1 |
an improved package is described of the type used for packaging food products and other products . a molded plastic container is sealed with a closure cap . in order to prevent unauthorized or undetected opening of the container , a tamperproofing means is provided in the form of a tamperproofing band molded integrally with the container . this band is positioned so that it encloses at least the bottom edge of the closure cap skin when the cap is applied to the container . this requires at least a portion of the band to be removed before the cap can be removed from the container . | 1 |
The Solar Wind Ion Analyzer (SWIA) on the MAVEN mission will measure the solar wind ion flows around Mars, both in the upstream solar wind and in the magneto-sheath and tail regions inside the bow shock. The solar wind flux provides one of the key energy inputs that can drive atmospheric escape from the Martian system, as well as in part controlling the structure of the magnetosphere through which non-thermal ion escape must take place. SWIA measurements contribute to the top level MAVEN goals of characterizing the upper atmosphere and the processes that operate there, and parameterizing the escape of atmospheric gases to extrapolate the total loss to space throughout Mars' history. To accomplish these goals, SWIA utilizes a toroidal energy analyzer with electrostatic deflectors to provide a broad 360<SUP>∘</SUP>×90<SUP>∘</SUP> field of view on a 3-axis spacecraft, with a mechanical attenuator to enable a very high dynamic range. SWIA provides high cadence measurements of ion velocity distributions with high energy resolution (14.5 %) and angular resolution (3.75<SUP>∘</SUP>×4.5<SUP>∘</SUP> in the sunward direction, 22.5<SUP>∘</SUP>×22.5<SUP>∘</SUP> elsewhere), and a broad energy range of 5 eV to 25 keV. Onboard computation of bulk moments and energy spectra enable measurements of the basic properties of the solar wind at 0.25 Hz. | 9 |
The stellar companion to the weak-line T Tauri star DI Tau A was first discovered by the lunar occultation technique in 1989 and was subsequently confirmed by a speckle imaging observation in 1991. It has not been detected since, despite being targeted by five different studies that used a variety of methods and spanned more than 20 yr. Here, we report the serendipitous rediscovery of DI Tau B during our Young Exoplanets Spectroscopic Survey (YESS). Using radial velocity data from YESS spanning 17 yr, new adaptive optics observations from Keck II, and a variety of other data from the literature, we derive a preliminary orbital solution for the system that effectively explains the detection and (almost all of the) non-detection history of DI Tau B. We estimate the dynamical masses of both components, finding that the large mass difference (q ~ 0.17) and long orbital period (≳35 yr) make the DI Tau system a noteworthy and valuable addition to studies of stellar evolution and pre-main-sequence models. With a long orbital period and a small flux ratio (f2/f1) between DI Tau A and B, additional measurements are needed for a better comparison between these observational results and pre-main-sequence models. Finally, we report an average surface magnetic field strength ( $\bar{B}$ ) for DI Tau A, of ~0.55 kG, which is unusually low in the context of young active stars. | 9 |
a priority control valve for the priority steering control and the auxiliary circuits of the hydraulic system of a fork lift truck or the like characterized in that the housing interchangeably accommodates different priority flow control spools according to the type of steering control valve which is used i . e . a closed center steering control valve with a variable meter - in orifice in the pressure feed circuit or a closed center steering control valve with a variable meter - out orifice in the steering cylinder return circuit or an open center steering control valve with an orifice in the priority flow divider spool to determine the priority circuit flow by controlling a variable displacement pump when the priority circuit itself is operated or when the priority circuit load pressure is greater than the load pressure of the auxiliary circuit . | 5 |
this invention relates to compounds , their uses for the elucidation of par2 activity and their uses for the treatment or prevention of diseases or disorders related to par2 activity , wherein the compound has the general chemical structure : | 2 |
an object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus which can achieve reduction in printing time , suppression of developer consumption , and implementation of silence . an image forming apparatus capable of forming a color image on an image carrier with use of developers of a plurality of different developing colors , including a plurality of developing devices respectively housing the developers of different colors , and a control section for controlling operation of the developing devices based on inputted image data , wherein the control section includes a concentration ratio recognition section for recognizing a concentration ratio of the respective colors for image data of every sheet from the image data , and controls so as to spare at least one color developer among the developers in response to the concentration ratio of respective colors recognized by the concentration ratio recognition section . | 6 |
the tumor - necrosis factor superfamily member light is a cytokine for inducing immune responses against tumors . a novel biochemical approach is used to decorate the surface of tumor cells with light . light decorated cells can be used to vaccinate and induce effective , sustained immunity against cells expressing neo or pathogen associated antigens . variants of light are described that enhance binding to cellular receptors and decrease regulation by inhibitors increasing ability to stimulate immunity . | 2 |
a multimedia messaging system and method for controlling message procedures . the multimedia messaging system comprises : a database for storing data on message procedures , wherein the data on message procedures are used for defining procedures for messages of various classifications and modes of transmission for each of the procedures ; a feedback receiving sub - module for receiving sending results and feedback messages sent by message receivers ; a time control sub - module for setting a scheduled processing time for each of the current messages ; a message status determination sub - module for determining statuses of processing of the second messages ; a message procedure control sub - module for selecting next procedures and setting the next procedures as respective current procedures ; a message sending processing sub - module for obtaining data on controlling procedures and first messages , and for generating the second messages , wherein the second messages comprise message classifications , processing steps , first message contents , clients , transmission mode codes and client addresses ; a message sending module for selecting modes of transmission according to information on transmission modes in the second messages , and for sending the second messages to corresponding message receivers . | 7 |
<BR /> Aims: Recent low-frequency radio observations at 140 MHz discovered a bridge of diffuse emission with a length of 3 Mpc that connects the galaxy clusters Abell 0399 and Abell 0401. We present follow-up observations at 60 MHz to constrain the spectral index of the bridge, which has only been detected at 140 and 144 MHz so far. <BR /> Methods: We analysed deep (∼18 h) LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) Low Band Antenna (LBA) data at 60 MHz to detect the bridge at very low frequencies. We then conducted a multi-frequency study with LOFAR HBA data at 144 MHz and uGMRT data at 400 MHz. Assuming second-order Fermi mechanisms for the re-acceleration of relativistic electrons driven by turbulence in the radio bridge regions, we compared the observed radio spectrum with theoretical synchrotron models. <BR /> Results: The bridge is detected in the 75″ resolution LOFAR image at 60 MHz, and its emission fully connects the region between the two galaxy clusters. Between 60 MHz and 144 MHz, we found an integrated spectral index value of α<SUB>60</SUB><SUP>144</SUP> = −1.44 ± 0.16 for the bridge emission. For the first time, we produced spectral index and related uncertainties maps for a radio bridge. We produce a radio spectrum that shows a significant steepening between 144 and 400 MHz. <BR /> Conclusions: This detection at low frequencies provides important information for models of particle acceleration and magnetic field structure on very extended scales. The spectral index gives important clues about the origin of inter-cluster diffuse emission. The steepening of the spectrum above 144 MHz can be explained in a turbulent re-acceleration framework, assuming that the acceleration timescales are longer than ∼200 Myr. | 9 |
in the case where a prover a proves the validity of a pretender b to a verifier c , b receives an initial response x &# 39 ; created by a , randomizes it with a random component and sends it as x &# 34 ;, and randomizes an inquiry β from c with the random component and sends it as β &# 39 ; to a . a proves , for the received randomized inquiry β &# 39 ;, the validity of b by a secret key s randomized with a random number r and then sends it as a proved response z to b . b removes the random component from the proved response z and sends it as a &# 39 ; s proof to c for verification . b keeps secret the procedures for randomizing the initial response x &# 39 ; and the inquiry , thereby maintaining secret the correlation between a - b interactions nand b - c interactions . in the case of proving the validity of a message m of a signature client b to the verifier c by attaching a signature of a to the message m , b receives an initial response x &# 39 ; created by a and randomizes it with a random component to create a randomized response x &# 34 ;, creates a randomized inquiry β &# 39 ; containing a random component by use of the randomized response x &# 34 ; and the message m , and sends the randomized inqiury β &# 39 ; to a . a proves , for the randomized inqiury β &# 39 ;, its validity by a secret key s randomized with a random number r and then sends it as a proved response z to b . b removes the random component from the proved response z to create a derandomized response z &# 39 ;, which is sent to c for verification . | 7 |
New multi-color BV R<SUB>c</SUB>I<SUB>c</SUB> photometric observations are presented for the W UMa type eclipsing binary V1073 Cyg. The multi-color light curve analysis with the Wilson-Devinney procedure yielded the absolute parameters of this system, showing that V1073 Cyg is a shallow contact binary system with a fill-out factor f = 0.124(±0.011). We collected all available times of light minima spanning 119 yr, including CCD data to construct the O - C curve, and performed detailed O - C analysis. The O - C diagram shows that the period change is complex. A long-term continuous decrease and a cyclic variation exist. The period is decreasing at a rate of Ṗ = -1.04(±0.18) × 10<SUP>-10</SUP> d cycle<SUP>-1</SUP> and, with the period decrease, V1073 Cyg will evolve to the deep contact stage. The cyclic variation with a period of P <SUB>3</SUB> = 82.7(±3.6) yr and an amplitude of A = 0.028(±0.002)d may be explained by magnetic activity of one or both components or the light travel time effect caused by a distant third companion with M <SUB>3</SUB>(i‧ = 90°) = 0.511 M⊙. | 9 |
Imaging is the process of transforming noisy, incomplete data into a space that humans can interpret. NIFTy is a Bayesian framework for imaging and has already successfully been applied to many fields in astrophysics. Previous design decisions held the performance and the development of methods in NIFTy back. We present a rewrite of NIFTy, coined NIFTy.re, which reworks the modeling principle, extends the inference strategies, and outsources much of the heavy lifting to JAX. The rewrite dramatically accelerates models written in NIFTy, lays the foundation for new types of inference machineries, improves maintainability, and enables interoperability between NIFTy and the JAX machine learning ecosystem. | 9 |
a relatively thin walled sleeve having a premachined window is disposed at a casing window in a wellbore . the sleeve is set in place with the casing or on a separate run wherein the running tool also includes a dog to align the sleeve premachined window with the casing window both linearly and rotationally in the wellbore . the sleeve is swedged in place in part or completely and a subsequent run provides a lateral liner which extends through both the premachined window and the casing window and seals against the premachined window which will then prevent sand entering the wellbore . | 4 |
a pneumatic regulating valve that operates on high - temperature , high - pressure gases . this invention reduces the upstream pressure of a flow of gas , which can be as high as 10 , 000 psia , down to a level usable by downstream control valves , which may require controlled pressure input . the springs and seals of this invention are isolated from the high temperature and pressure of the upstream gas , thus enabling regulation of gas flows of up to 10 , 000 psia and 2 , 500 ° f . | 8 |
We present the analysis of ≈100 molecular maps of the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko that were obtained with the MIRO submillimeter radiotelescope on board the Rosetta spacecraft. From the spectral line mapping of H<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>16</SUP>O, H<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>18</SUP>O, H<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>17</SUP>O, CH<SUB>3</SUB>OH, NH<SUB>3</SUB>, and CO and some fixed nadir pointings, we retrieved the outgassing pattern and total production rates for these species. The analysis covers the period from July 2014, inbound to perihelion, to June 2016, outbound, and heliocentric distances r<SUB>h</SUB> = 1.24-3.65 AU. A steep evolution of the outgassing rates with heliocentric distance is observed, typically in r<SUB>h</SUB><SUP>-16</SUP>, with significant differences between molecules (e.g. steeper variation for H<SUB>2</SUB>O post-perihelion than for methanol). As a consequence, the abundances relative to water in the coma vary. The CH<SUB>3</SUB>OH and CO abundances increase after perihelion, while the NH<SUB>3</SUB> abundance peaks around perihelion and then decreases. Outgassing patterns have been modeled as 2D Gaussian jets. The width of these jets is maximum around the equinoxes when the bulk of the outgassing is located near the equator. From July 2014 to February 2015, the outgassing is mostly restricted to a narrower jet (full width at half-maximum ≈80°) originating from high northern latitudes, while around perihelion, most of the gaseous production comes from the southernmost regions ( - 80 ± 5° cometocentric latitude) and forms a 100°-130° (full width at half-maximum) wide fan. We find a peak production of water of 0.8 × 10<SUP>28</SUP> molec. s<SUP>-1</SUP>, 2.5 times lower than measured by the ROSINA experiment, and place an upper limit to a 50% additional production that could come from the sublimation of icy grains. We estimate the total loss of ices during this perihelion passage to be 4.18 ± 0.18 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> kg. We derive a dust-to-gas ratio in the lost material of 0.7-2.3 (including all sources of errors) based on the nucleus mass loss of 10.5 ± 3.4 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> kg estimated by the RSI experiment. We also obtain an estimate of the H<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>18</SUP>O/H<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>17</SUP>O ratio of 5.6 ± 0.8. | 9 |
a smart battery charger is provided that includes one or more sensors to identify a particular battery , generate a usage profile for the battery over time , and develop a charging strategy that maximizes the useful life of the battery . the useful life of the battery may be maximized by minimizing the charge on the battery over the course of the battery &# 39 ; s life . the charge may be minimized by delayed charging and undercharging . | 7 |
the present invention customizes a network connection to customer premises equipment using a calibration signal . a network signal processor emits a tag signal indicating that a signal processing platform is in use . customer premises equipment issues a calibration signal to the network signal processor based on detection of the tag signal . the customer premises equipment outputs the calibration signal to the network signal processor which measures the signal loss , adjusts the gain mapping and issues a calibration signal to the customer premises equipment . the customer premises equipment then estimates spectral shaping based on the calibration signal from the network signal processor and equalizes the receive path so that the signal processing platform is detected and implemented . embodiments of the present invention are illustrative of a more general concept of the use of cpe as an agent in telephone network maintenance . | 7 |
a purifier device for a bleed circuit of a block of an internal combustion engine provided with a filter member acting by coalescence adapted to be traversed by a flow of gases from the interior of the block and containing oil and particulates in suspension ; the filter member has an absolute retaining power such as to allow the passage of the particulates so that they are incorporated on the particles of oil agglomerated by coalescence within the filter member and are removed with this oil without the risk of the filter member becoming clogged up . | 5 |
the operating efficiency of indirect evaporative cooling processes and indirect evaporative cooling apparatus employing a dry side channel and a wet side channel separated by a heat exchange plate are improved by placement of holes in the heat exchange plate . further improvements are obtained when the flow direction in the wet side channel is cross - current to the flow direction in the dry side channel . placement of desiccant materials in the dry side channel also serve to improve the operating efficiencies of these processes and apparatus . | 5 |
a scanning microscope having a laser outputting an excitation laser beam and a fiber member having a first core and a second core . the second core is generally disposed within the first core and is operable to receive the excitation laser beam from the laser and transmit the excitation laser beam to a sample to be tested . a moveable stage supports an end of the fiber member and / or a sample to be tested and is operable to move the end of the fiber member and the sample to be tested relative to each other . | 6 |
a virtual machine system which forms a hot standby configuration in a single computer system and effectively controls plural operating systems and application programs , and a method of allocating resources in the virtual machine system . plural operating systems are initiated with a small amount of main storage allocated to the individual operating systems , whereby the fixed amount of main storage allocated is reduced . when an application program is executed , a request to extend a resource is issued to a virtual machine monitor to obtain the resource , whereby an operating system newly allocates the resource to execute the application program . where a hot standby system is built using the virtual machine system , resources are reused by reallocating resources of the active operating system to a standby operating system . | 6 |
a locking device for fastening and / or locking two objects or for securing a flexible fabric to surface , includes a first member which may be secured to the first object with a rotatable insert , and a second member secured to the second object . the second member includes projections for engaging arms of said insert upon rotation of said insert . | 8 |
The intensity of the far-ultraviolet (FUV; 6-13.6 eV) interstellar radiation field (ISRF) in galaxies determines the thermal and chemical evolution of the neutral interstellar gas and is key for interpreting extragalactic observations and for theories of star formation. We run a series of galactic disk models and derive the FUV ISRF intensity as a function of the dust-to-gas ratio, star formation rate density, gas density, scale radius, and observer position. We develop an analytic formula for the median FUV ISRF flux. We identify two-dimensionless parameters in the problem: (1) the dimensionless galactic radius, X, which measures the radial extent of FUV sources (OB stellar associations) in the disk; and (2) the opacity over the intersource distance, τ<SUB>⋆</SUB>, which measures the importance of dust absorption. These parameters encapsulate the dependence on all of the physical parameters. We find that there exists a critical τ<SUB>⋆</SUB>, or equivalently a critical dust-to-gas ratio, ${Z}_{d,\mathrm{crit}}^{{\prime} }\approx 0.01-0.1$ , the Milky Way value, at which the ISRF changes behavior. For ${Z}_{d}^{{\prime} }\gt {Z}_{d,\mathrm{crit}}^{{\prime} }$ the ISRF is limited by dust absorption. With decreasing ${Z}_{d}^{{\prime} }$ , the ISRF intensity increases as more sources contribute to the flux. For ${Z}_{d}^{{\prime} }\lt {Z}_{d,\mathrm{crit}}^{{\prime} }$ the ISRF saturates as the disk becomes optically thin. We find that the ISRF per star formation rate density in low-metallicity systems, such as dwarf and high-redshift galaxies, is higher by up to a factor of 3-6 compared to their Milky Way counterparts. We discuss the implications these findings have for the potential mechanisms that regulate star formation in low-metallicity galaxies. | 9 |
an image reading apparatus including a transparent original table for placing a transmitting original thereon , an image reading unit for reading the image of the transmitting original through the transparent original table , a transmitting original holder having a through - hole for positioning the transmitting original relative to the transparent original table , and an illuminating unit adapted for pressing the transmitting original positioned by the through - hole of the original holder , including a plane light source for illuminating the transmitting original , and comprising a fitting portion for fitting in the through - hole , and a protruding portion protruding toward the surface of the transmitting original from the through - hole on a side far from the transmitting original relative to the fitting portion , wherein when the transmitting original illuminating unit is inserted into the through - hole of the transmitting original holder at an angle at which the surface having the plane light source is not parallel to the transparent original table , the protruding portion of the transmitting original illuminating unit first contacts with the edge of the through - hole of the transmitting original holder . | 7 |
provided is a highly reliable imaging module that can easily carry out optical axis adjustments and focus adjustments while assuring required light shielding performance , and in which malfunctions do not easily occur in solder junctions and the like for imaging elements even under severe temperature environments . an imaging module has , in addition to a lens holding member , an imaging element , and a substrate on which the imaging element is mounted , a shielding member that is for preventing extraneous light from entering the imaging surface of the imaging element and on which a ring - shaped or notched ring - shaped protrusion for shielding is provided . the shielding member is held between the lens holding member and the substrate without the protrusion for shielding coming into contact with another member . | 6 |
a wireless network gateway for transmitting data between a wireless network and a packet data network . the wireless network gateway comprises : 1 ) n input - output processors for transmitting and receiving data packets to and from the wireless network and the packet data network ; 2 ) m service processors for performing packet data serving node functions associated with data sessions between the packet data network and mobile stations communicating with the wireless network ; 3 ) a switch fabric for the n input - output processors and the m service processors ; and 4 ) p switch modules . each of the p switch modules transfers data packets between the switch fabric and at least one input - output processors . a first switch module stores session bindings information associated with a first data session between a first mobile station and the packet data network . | 7 |
systems and their methods of preparation and use that release an active agent in a controlled manner for an extended period in a vaginal cavity environment . the systems are capable of delivering the active agent for periods greater than three hours at a predictable rate to a predetermined site , the vaginal cavity . | 8 |
when packaging round articles such as bottles , jars and the like , it is a desideratum that the articles be automatically arranged in such a formation so that the largest possible number of articles are brought together on a parallelepipedic base of a given size . such a formation -- a scroll pattern formation -- can be obtained in a most simple manner in using a method and nodwire by which the articles are formed to rows , which through a feed opening are fed to a surface at which the scroll pattern formation shall be obtained , said feed opening being adjusted between every row feeding operation so that it , after every second feed operation , is moved a step sidewise and after the other feed operations is moved to its original position . | 1 |
a nitrogen - rich inert gas mixture is produced by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous feed containing substantially no metals nor noncombustible materials with air in a free - flow , unpacked , refractory - lined gas generator at a temperature in the range of about 1300 ° to 3000 ° f . and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres . the product gas will comprise a mixture of nitrogen , argon and carbon dioxide and may contain small amounts of hydrogen and carbon monoxide , depending on the o / c atomic ratio selected . the atomic ratio of free oxygen in said air to carbon in said hydrocarbonaceous fuel is in the range of about 1 . 7 to stoichiometric , or slightly less than stoichiometric . by operating at this level of o / c atomic ratio , the h 2 + co content of the product gas may be minimized or deleted , substantially all of the particulate carbon may be oxidized , substantially no no x is produced , and the product gas contains substantially no free oxygen . further , the sensible heat recovered from the product gas may be used to manufacture by - product high pressure steam for export . the nitrogen - rich product gas may be used for oil formation flooding , or as a pressurizing or blanketing gas . costly gas compressors may be avoided since the product gas may be produced at or above use pressure . | 2 |
We provide a new interpretation for the Bayes factor combination used in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) first year analysis to quantify the tension between the DES and Planck datasets. The ratio quantifies a Bayesian confidence in our ability to combine the datasets. This interpretation is prior dependent, with wider prior widths boosting the confidence. We therefore propose that if there are any reasonable priors which reduce the confidence to below unity, then we cannot assert that the datasets are compatible. Computing the evidence ratios for the DES first year analysis and Planck, given that narrower priors drop the confidence to below unity, we conclude that DES and Planck are, in a Bayesian sense, incompatible under Λ CDM . Additionally we compute ratios which confirm the consensus that measurements of the acoustic scale by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) are compatible with Planck, while direct measurements of the acceleration rate of the Universe by the Supernovae and H<SUB>0</SUB> for the Equation of State of Dark Energy Collaboration (S H<SUB>0</SUB>ES ) are not. We propose a modification to the Bayes ratio which removes the prior dependency using Kullback-Leibler divergences, and using this statistical test we find Planck in strong tension with S H<SUB>0</SUB>ES , in moderate tension with DES, and in no tension with BOSS. We propose this statistic as the optimal way to compare datasets, ahead of the next DES data releases, as well as future surveys. Finally, as an element of these calculations, we introduce in a cosmological setting the Bayesian model dimensionality, which is a parametrization-independent measure of the number of parameters that a given dataset constrains. | 9 |
an elevator installation includes at least one elevator car and at least one counterweight , wherein the at least one elevator car is capable of being moved on guide rails in an elevator shaft by a drive with a driving pulley and with a supporting and propulsion apparatus . the at least one counterweight is formed with a hollow body enclosing a filling . in the event of a freefall , the hollow body is destroyed allowing the filling to emerge . | 1 |
the present invention relates to an ink supplying apparatus capable of achieving labor - saving of the cleaning operation and shortening of the working time at ink replacement or the like in a printing press . this ink supplying apparatus is equipped with an ink tray provided in the interior of an ink fountain and having a bottom plate which covers upper surfaces of ink keys , and further equipped with a deflection restraining structure for supporting the bottom plate from below to restrain the deflection of the ink tray . | 1 |
an imageable extendable stent apparatus for insertion into a bifurcating vessel or a vessel opening . the stent apparatus comprises a main stent and a flared stent , which may used individually or in combination with each other . the flared stent may be interlocked with the main stent to provide stent coverage over the entire region of a bifurcation . the main stent of the apparatus may be deployed at the bifurcation point of a vessel , allowing unimpeded future access to the side branch of the bifurcated vessel . the flared stent may be employed at vessel openings . also disclosed and claimed are methods for implanting the extendable stent apparatus into the bifurcation point or the ostium of a subject vessel . | 0 |
the present invention provides aclidinium or any of its steroisomers or mixture of stereoisomers , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof , for improving the physical activity in respiratory patients . | 0 |
Context. A characteristic feature of young stellar objects is their variability, which is caused by a variety of different physical processes. High-resolution interferometric observations in the near- and mid-infrared wavelength ranges spanning multiple epochs allow the detailed study of these processes. <BR /> Aims: We aim at investigating the expected variations of the interferometric observables connected to changes in the measured photometric fluxes of a typical variable accreting central young stellar object with a circumstellar disk. <BR /> Methods: We calculated visibilities and closure phases as well as the photometric flux of brightness distributions obtained using 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations for a model of a circumstellar disk with an accreting central star. <BR /> Results: Changes in the accretion luminosity of the central object, that is, an accreting pre-main-sequence star, can lead to significant variations in the visibility and closure phase of the star-disk system measured with instruments at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) that can be related to changes in the photometric flux. Taking into account additional effects due to baseline variation, interferometric observations can provide valuable contributions to the understanding of the underlying processes. Additionally, we provide the web application VLTI B-VAR that allows the impact of the hour angle on the visibility and closure phase for customized intensity maps to be estimated. | 9 |
We present long-baseline Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the 870 μm dust continuum emission and CO (3-2) from the protoplanetary disk around the Herbig Ae/Be star HD 100546, which is one of the few systems claimed to have two young embedded planets. These observations achieve a resolution of 4 au (3.8 mas), an rms noise of 66 μJy beam<SUP>-1</SUP>, and reveal an asymmetric ring between ∼20 and 40 au with largely optically thin dust continuum emission. This ring is well fit by two concentric and overlapping Gaussian rings of different widths and a Vortex. In addition, an unresolved component is detected at a position consistent with the central star, which may trace the central inner disk (<2 au in radius). We report a lack of compact continuum emission at the positions of both claimed protoplanets. We use this result to constrain the circumplanetary disk (CPD) mass and size of 1.44 M <SUB>⊕</SUB> and 0.44 au in the optically thin and thick regimes, respectively, for the case of the previously directly imaged protoplanet candidate at ∼55 au (HD 100546 b). We compare these empirical CPD constraints to previous numerical simulations. This suggests that HD 100546 b is inconsistent with several planet accretion models, while gas-starved models are also still compatible. We estimate the planetary mass as 1.65 M <SUB> J </SUB> using the relation between planet, circumstellar, and circumplanetary masses derived from numerical simulations. Finally, the CO-integrated intensity map shows a possible spiral arm feature that could match the spiral features identified in near-infrared scattered light polarized emission, which suggests a real spiral feature in the disk surface that needs to be confirmed with further observations. | 9 |
a fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines , which has improved and simplified means for a throttled preliminary shut - off to prevent cavitation in the injection system and late injections by the fuel injection valves . the pump piston is provided with two recesses that terminate in chamfered control edges and control the end of the delivery cycle and also contains a throttle bore , which has a cross bore , and connects the first recess , which is opened shortly before the other recess , with the pump operating chamber by means of a longitudinal bore in the pump piston . the second recess has an unthrottled connection to the pump operating chamber . | 5 |
a veneer splicing apparatus comprising a veneer detector for detecting the irregular portions of a veneer , disposed before a cutting tool which reciprocates toward and away from conveying means capable of being optionally driven or stopped , with respect to the direction of feeding a veneer ; a delivery conveyor disposed after the cutting tool ; veneer supporting members each disposed between the cutting tool and the delivery conveyor with one end thereof directed toward the cutting tool and with the other end thereof pivotally supported ; an adhesive material feed device to feed adhesive materials , such as adhesive tapes or adhesive - impregnated yarns , near to the veneer cutting position of the cutting tool ; said cutting tool or a tool holder being provided with an appropriate number of guide grooves at an appropriate distance away from the cutting edge of the cutting tool ; and pressing members integrally mounted on the tool holder on both sides , with respect to the direction of feeding a veneer , of the cutting tool by means of the guide grooves so that the pressing members are capable of being reciprocated toward and away from the veneer cutting position . | 8 |
a process is described for producing an aluminum alloy sheet having excellent bendability for use in forming panels for automobiles . an aluminum alloy containing 0 . 50 to 0 . 75 by weight mg , 0 . 7 to 0 . 85 % by weight si , 0 . 1 to 0 . 3 % by weight fe , 0 . 15 to 0 . 35 % by weight mn , and the balance al and incidental impurities , is used and is semi - continuously cast into ingot . the cast alloy ingot is subjected to hot rolling and cold rolling , followed by solution heat treatment of the formed sheet . the heat treated sheet is quenched to a temperature of about 60 – 120 ° c . and the sheet is then coiled . this coil is then pre - aged by slowly cooling the coil from an initial temperature of about 60 – 120 ° c . to room temperature at a cooling rate of less than 10 ° c ./ hr . | 2 |
In spite of their importance for modern astronomy, we do not fully understand how close binary stars containing at least one white dwarf form from main-sequence binary stars. The discovery of EL CVn binaries, close pre-white dwarfs with A/F main-sequence star companions, offers now the unique possibility to test models of close compact binary star formation. Binary evolution theories predict that these EL CVn stars descend from very close main-sequence binaries with orbital periods shorter than 3 d. If this is correct, nearly all EL CVn stars should be inner binaries of hierarchical triples because more than 95 per cent of very close main-sequence binaries (the alleged progenitor systems) are found to be hierarchical triples. We here present SPHERE/IRDIS observations of five EL CVn binaries, finding in all of them tertiary objects, as predicted. We conclude that EL CVn systems are inner binaries of hierarchical triples and indeed descend from very close main-sequence binaries that experience stable mass transfer. | 9 |
an embodiment includes one or more call systems and a computer processor communicatively coupled with the one or more call systems . the computer processor is configured to receive a communication from a first call system of the one or more call systems . the computer processor is further configured to retrieve recipient data from a second call system of the one or more call systems . the recipient data includes one or more receiver conditions . the computer is additionally configured to determine if the one or more receiver conditions have been met , and if they have been met , the computer processor forwards the communication to the second call system . | 7 |
a system for processing modulated signals received , together with at least one interference signal , by an array of antenna elements in a communications receiver . the method of the invention includes demodulating the received signals , and processing the demodulated signals to produce an output signal that is substantially free of any interference signals , while at the same time effectively steering the antenna pattern produced by the array of elements , to move any spurious nulls in the pattern away from a source of information signals . this results in avoidance of any cycle slipping problems that might otherwise arise in receiver tracking control loops , and has the added benefit of significantly improving performance as measured by the signal - to - noise ratio . | 6 |
a system for finding the instantaneous spatial azimuth and elevation of a source of radio signals employing phase digitizers to measure the phase of arrival of a radio signal on an array of antennas . the phase digitizers providing digital indication of the phase of arrival , enable the determination of the azimuth , and elevetion of a source of radio signal , utilizing simple digital subtraction methods . | 6 |
a system for processing electronic documents includes an existing business system connected to a separate control system . the resulting composite system provides a framework that enables a flexible and customizable process definition for handling incoming documents . within the process definition all the processing steps which are desired for handling an incoming electronic document can be predefined . processing steps like checking the signature and authorizing an incoming legal document can be implemented in the control system and steps like posting a goods receipt or an invoice are implemented in one of the connected business systems . the content of the incoming document is evaluated to determine which business process may be used to carry out the necessary processing steps for the incoming electronic document . the assigned business process and a related process flow sequence define the processing steps to be implemented . | 6 |
the present invention is made for supplying the humidifying module , which has a water permeable hollow fiber membrane bundle , at the about center part of which an bottomed inner flow passage are inserted , which gives the improved output responsibility and the startup responsibility , and which can prevent the occurrence of the remained water , even if the fluid containing steam and condensed water is led to the inner flow passage . for attaining these problems , there is provided a humidifying module comprising : a hollow fiber membrane bundle capable of performing a moisture exchanging between fluids streaming the inside and the outside thereof ; an inner flow passage inserted into said hollow fiber membrane bundle at the about central part with respect to the thickness direction of said hollow fiber membrane bundle so that the total insertion length thereof may be shorter than the length in the longitudinal directions of said hollow fiber membrane bundle , and said inner flow passage has inlet and outlet capable of passing said fluid , and has a bottom located near said outlet ; and a protrusion part disposed at said bottom so that it may be opposite to the flow direction of said fluid . | 1 |
an apparatus for receiving and processing a broadcast signal in a mobile broadcasting terminal is provided . a preprocessor receives a broadcast signal , converts the broadcast signal into a baseband signal , and then performs ofdm demodulation , viterbi decoding , and convolutional deinterleaving thereon . a first reed - solomon decoder rs - decodes the signal output from the preprocessor , and outputs a transport stream packet . a checker checks cyclic redundancy check of the ts packet . a datagram extractor extracts a datagram having a good crc result . a datagram controller receives the datagram having a good crc result and outputs the received datagram to an application controller . the application controller decodes the broadcast data using the datagram received from the datagram controller and provides the decoded broadcast data to a user . | 8 |
this invention discloses a pocket door . the pocket door is capable of pivoting on hinges between a frame that holds the pocket door and allows it to slide in and out of a pocket to open and close a passageway . more specifically , the pocket door is hinged to the moving frame and also includes a two - part panel , where each panel is separated from an adjacent panel by a hinge that is capable of allowing the panels to move between flush engagement where the two panels lie in the same plane and a position where the panels are no longer lying in the same plane . | 4 |
a method for drilling a drainhole through a subsurface formation without intersecting upper or lower boundaries thereof in which a directionally sensitive measurement while drilling device carried on the drainhole string is used to measure a formation property which indicates proximity to a formation boundary . upon detection of such proximity , the direction of drainhole drilling is changed to direct the drainhole away from the detected boundary . | 4 |
regardless of the switching queue organization , enhanced multiprocessor factor performance for software application group is accomplished via allocation of cache neighborhoods to software application groups that share memory space as identified by a user . certain user requirements may be refused as unavailable to protect overall performance . exclusivity and priority requirements of a user can also be honored by the operating system . load balancing and dynamic reconfiguration features respect software application group dedications to the extent feasible . | 6 |
a jounce bumper for mounting in a vehicle suspension system having a bore extending therethrough , the bore configured to receive the piston rod , a nose having a predetermined inner diameter and a predetermined outer diameter , the nose being generally spherical or elliptical shaped and an undercut within the jounce bumper in the bore of the jounce bumper , the undercut creating an ununiformed thickness between the predetermined inner diameter and the predetermined outer diameter so as to provide improved handling characteristics of the jounce bumper . | 5 |
it is an object of the present invention to provide a rotation matching mechanism for an automatic clutch type transmission which makes it possible to obtain superior friction characteristics in a rotation matching braking device that synchronizes the gears of the transmission during up - shifting . the present invention provides an automatic clutch type transmission comprising a speed - change clutch which engages or disengages the driving force of the engine , a transmission which is connected to the speed - change clutch so as to transmit the abovementioned driving force , a shift lever which is used to shift the gears of the transmission , and a control device which automatically engages and disengages the abovementioned speed - change clutch as a result of the operation of the shift lever , wherein a rotation matching braking device is disposed on the input shaft of the transmission so that this braking device reduces the speed of rotation of the input shaft of the transmission during up - shifting and thus synchronizes the gear to which the shift is being made . | 5 |
a system and method for creation and verification of utility bills with improved error detection is disclosed . specifically , a user - configurable data structure is provided , which is sufficiently flexible to precisely simulate any utility tariff . the invention further relates to a computerized system and method for verifying utility bills utilizing a user - configurable data structure that simulates a utility tariff . | 6 |
a grounding system for an ac or dc motor or other rotating apparatus comprising a conductive brush in resilient contact with a contamination - free conductive member removably secured onto a rotating part such as a motor shaft or tachometer shaft . the contacting surface is preferably formed of brass and is shielded from contamination from motor bearings and the like , for reliably shunting the shaft to the frame of the machine so as to avoid high voltage transients across bearings as would otherwise result in bearing damage or destruction . a brush housing or holding means positions the brush in juxtaposition with the rotating conductive member and cooperates to substantially enclose the region of contact between the brush and the conductive member . the apparatus defines a cavity for extending the immediate enclosed region of contact between the brush and the conductive member for the purpose of receiving and holding residue produced by the brush as the shaft rotates , thereby preserving a clean room environment in which the motor may be utilized . | 7 |
the invention concerns an assembly wherein a tank connects a return orifice to a delivery conduit via pumps . the tank is further connected to a surge tank . the tank is mounted in a steam proof chamber heat - insulated inside but having an air gap separation around the tank . components are mounted sealed through the chamber . a filter subdivides the tank into a lower return chamber and a higher starting chamber . | 5 |
The evolution of dense star clusters is followed by direct high-accuracy N-body simulation. The problem is to first order a gravitational N-body problem, but stars evolve due to astrophysics and the more massive ones form black holes or neutron stars as compact remnants at the end of their life. After including updates of stellar evolution of massive stars and for the relativistic treatment of black hole binaries we find the growth of intermediate mass black holes and we show that in star clusters binary black hole mergers in the so-called pair creation supernova (PSN) gap occur easily. Such black hole mergers have been recently observed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration, a network of ground based gravitational wave detectors. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a method and to a system for limiting vortex - induced vibrations on a riser suspended at one end from a support and subjected to substantially transverse fluid flows . the system comprises suspension means for hanging the riser from the support , which include displacement means for moving the end in a transverse direction in relation to the principal axis of the riser . | 4 |
a method and database management system for connecting to a database involves reusing connections for operations performed in sequence , rather than creating independent connections for each requested client connection . an application server , or layer , receives the requests and parses them to identify modes of operation . separate connections are created to support each mode of operation so that the database receives the operations and requests in a format that is sorted by type , at a rate that can be adjusted to match capacity of the database . | 8 |
a process is provided for the process for preparing a pyrrolotriazine aniline p38 kinase inhibitor such as amide ii by the direct aminolysis of the ester i wherein ester i is reacted with a strong organometallic base , such as hexyllithium or n - butyllithium and the desired amine such as n - propylamine to form the amide ii . | 2 |
We present the first Herschel spectroscopic detections of the [O I] 63 μm and [C II] 158 μm fine-structure transitions, and a single para-H<SUB>2</SUB>O line from the 35 × 15 kpc<SUP>2</SUP> shocked intergalactic filament in Stephan's Quintet. The filament is believed to have been formed when a high-speed intruder to the group collided with a clumpy intergroup gas. Observations with the PACS spectrometer provide evidence for broad (>1000 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>) luminous [C II] line profiles, as well as fainter [O I] 63 μm emission. SPIRE FTS observations reveal water emission from the p-H<SUB>2</SUB>O (1<SUB>11</SUB>-0<SUB>00</SUB>) transition at several positions in the filament, but no other molecular lines. The H<SUB>2</SUB>O line is narrow and may be associated with denser intermediate-velocity gas experiencing the strongest shock-heating. The [C II]/PAH<SUB>tot</SUB> and [C II]/FIR ratios are too large to be explained by normal photo-electric heating in photodissociation regions. H II region excitation or X-ray/cosmic-ray heating can also be ruled out. The observations lead to the conclusion that a large fraction the molecular gas is diffuse and warm. We propose that the [C II], [O I], and warm H<SUB>2</SUB> line emission is powered by a turbulent cascade in which kinetic energy from the galaxy collision with the intergalactic medium is dissipated to small scales and low velocities, via shocks and turbulent eddies. Low-velocity magnetic shocks can help explain both the [C II]/[O I] ratio, and the relatively high [C II]/H<SUB>2</SUB> ratios observed. The discovery that [C II] emission can be enhanced, in large-scale turbulent regions in collisional environments, has implications for the interpretation of [C II] emission in high-z galaxies. <P />Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. | 9 |
a method for determining an extent of anistropy of texture of an image in a manner that avoids inaccuracies arising from interpolation . | 6 |
a doze warning system has a circuit 20 for producing pulse signals representative of left - and right - hand steering angle variations , circuits 30 and 40 counting the pulse signal and producing a warning signal when the counter value reaches a threshold value , and a circuit 60 for producing a reset signal to clear the counter value when a difference between a number of pulse signals representative of the left - hand steering angle variations and a number of pulse signals representative of the right - hand steering angle variations exceeds a given value , or of a condition wherein the left - hand or right - hand pulse signals inputted exceeds a predetermined pulse number . the reset signal generating circuit detects a steering angle variation in excess of the threshold value in a normal driving condition such as passing through a curved road and produces the reset signal to inhibit production of the warning . by this reset signal generating circuit function , the warning system is prevented from malfunctioning . | 1 |
a method for sound control in a unit of the engine periphery of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle , in particular in an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine , a sound control signal being generated based on a detected sound emission of the unit and injected into the unit , and the sound control signal is also generated as a function of the operating mode of the internal combustion engine . | 5 |
a scrambler for a television system alternately inverts the phase of the carrier which is modulated by the television signal . a binary coding signal controls the manner of the carrier - phase inversion . phase inversion is obtained by combining the modulated normal carrier with an out of phase carrier having a maximum peak amplitude greater than the peak amplitude of the modulated carrier . the coding signal also frequency modulates the carrier for the scrambled television signal thereby providing a key for decoding at the television receiver . the decoder at the receiver reproduces the coding signal from the scrambled signal , removes the frequency modulation and combines the scrambled signal with a reproduced normal carrier at the time intervals corresponding to the presence of the phase - inverted carrier . an automatic gain control circuit insures that the decoded television signal has constant sync pulse amplitude for normal carrier intervals and inverted phase carrier intervals by controlling the reproduced normal carrier amplitude as a function of sync pulses in the normal carrier portion of the scrambled television signal . | 7 |
the present invention relates to the delivery of erectile dysfunction drugs through an inhalation route . specifically , it relates to aerosols containing erectile dysfunction drugs that are used in inhalation therapy . in a method aspect of the present invention , an erectile dysfunction drug is delivered to a patient through an inhalation route . the method comprises : a ) heating a composition , wherein the composition comprises an erectile dysfunction drug , to form a vapor ; and , b ) allowing the vapor to cool , thereby forming a condensation aerosol comprising particles with less than 5 % erectile dysfunction drug degradation products . in a kit aspect of the present invention , a kit for delivering an erectile dysfunction drug through an inhalation route is provided which comprises : a ) a thin coating of an erectile dysfunction drug composition and b ) a device for dispensing said thin coating as a condensation aerosol . | 0 |
We present the spatially resolved absolute brightness of the Fe X, Fe XI, and Fe XIV visible coronal emission lines from 1.08 to 3.4 R <SUB>⊙</SUB>, observed during the 2019 July 2 total solar eclipse (TSE). The morphology of the corona was typical of solar minimum, with a dipole field dominance showcased by large polar coronal holes and a broad equatorial streamer belt. The Fe XI line is found to be the brightest, followed by Fe X and Fe XIV (in disk B <SUB>⊙</SUB> units). All lines had brightness variations between streamers and coronal holes, where Fe XIV exhibited the largest variation. However, Fe X remained surprisingly uniform with latitude. The Fe line brightnesses are used to infer the relative ionic abundances and line-of-sight-averaged electron temperature (T <SUB> e </SUB>) throughout the corona, yielding values from 1.25 to 1.4 MK in coronal holes and up to 1.65 MK in the core of streamers. The line brightnesses and inferred T <SUB> e </SUB> values are then quantitatively compared to the Predictive Science Inc. magnetohydrodynamic model prediction for this TSE. The MHD model predicted the Fe lines rather well in general, while the forward-modeled line ratios slightly underestimated the observationally inferred T <SUB> e </SUB> within 5%-10% averaged over the entire corona. Larger discrepancies in the polar coronal holes may point to insufficient heating and/or other limitations in the approach. These comparisons highlight the importance of TSE observations for constraining models of the corona and solar wind formation. | 9 |
a catalyst for nox storage and reduction may include a carrier that contains alkali metal and al , or alkali earth metal and al , a nox storage element of alkali metal , alkali earth metal or rare earth element , and one or more noble metals that are selected from the group consisting of pt , pd , ru , ag , au and rh . the catalyst for nox storage and reduction shows excellent nox storage and reduction capability , maintains excellent storage and reduction capability especially before and after deterioration and sulfation , and shows excellent catalytic activity under low temperature environment , while maintaining unusually high hydrophobicity . | 5 |
a plug - in zero insertion force type socket for making temporary electrical connection between the leads on a semiconductor device and testing circuitry where each connection between the high density array of semiconductor device leads and testing circuitry is shielded from external radiation to eliminate cross talk and capacitance coupling . transit time effects on the shielded electrical connections are minimized by providing short electrical connections which include a high density flared array of coaxial leads connecting a multi - planar arrangement of testing circuitry to the socket . | 6 |
an inverter system includes inverting circuitry for inverting an input dc signal into a square wave or quasi - square wave ac signal across a resistance , and a controller for causing the inverting circuitry to invert the input dc signal into the ac signal . the dc signal is a dc voltage having a value that ranges from 24 - 32 volts dc . the ac signal is an ac voltage having a value that ranges from 115 - 230 volts ac rms . | 1 |
provided is a detachable frozen pop mold for freezing edible fluids . the molds have vessels with cavities for holding the fluid . the mold vessels have connectors on their exterior sides for connecting a number of molds together . molds can be detached and removed from the freezer either individually or in bunches as desired so that there are never empty frozen pop molds taking up space in the freezer . | 5 |
a method for operating a hot beverage maker includes the steps of infusing fresh water and storing the resulting beverage in a removable brewed beverage tank . an actuator is engaged for dispensing the brewed beverage from the tank . the tank is placed on a platform in a relationship so as to engage a warmer plate to keep the contents of the tank warm . accordingly , the hot beverage maker produces a brewed beverage that is stored in the tank until it is dispensed by a user . | 0 |
a method and apparatus for removing the sulfation from the plates of the battery and driving the sulfate crystals back into the electrolyte solution without overheating the battery is presented . the present invention includes a rotary magnetic hub and coil assembly to produces a unique output not found in other charging systems on the market . the battery desulfation method and apparatus of the present invention is self - adjusting to the battery , regardless of voltage and works by removing the sulfate crystals from the plates of lead acid batteries . as a result , the normal life of the average battery may be greatly extended . heavily sulfated batteries may be brought back to working condition . when used for short durations for healthy batteries , the present invention keeps the sulfate crystals off the plates and in solution to extend the working life of the battery . | 7 |
We statistically evaluate and compare four orbital similarity criteria within five-dimensional parameter space ($D_{SH}$, $D_D$, $D_H$, and $\varrho_2$) to study dynamical associations using the already classified meteors (manually by a human) in CAMS database as a benchmark. In addition, we assess various distance metrics typically used in Machine Learning with two different vectors: ORBIT, grounded in heliocentric orbital elements, and GEO, predicated on geocentric observational parameters. Additionally, we compute the optimal cut-offs for all methods for distinguishing sporadic background events. Our findings demonstrate the superior performance of the sEuclidean metric in conjunction with the GEO vector. Within the scope of D-criteria, $D_{SH}$ emerged as the preeminent metric, closely followed by $\varrho_2$. $\varrho_2$ stands out as the most equivalence to the distance metrics when utilizing the GEO vector and the most compatible with GEO and ORBIT simultaneously, whereas $D_D$ aligns more closely when using the ORBIT vector. The stark contrast in $D_D$'s behavior compared to other D-criteria highlights potential inequivalence. Geocentric features provide a more robust basis than orbital elements for meteor dynamical association. Most distance metrics associated with the GEO vector surpass the D-criteria when differentiating the meteoroid background. Accuracy displayed a dependence on solar longitude with a pronounced decrease around 180$^\circ$ matching an apparent increase in the meteoroid background activity, tentatively associated with the transition from the Perseids to the Orionids. Considering lately identified meteor showers, $\sim$27\% of meteors in CAMS would have different associations. This work unveils that Machine Learning distance metrics can rival or even exceed the performance of tailored orbital similarity criteria for meteor dynamical association. | 9 |
a high speed optical receiver for receiving a substantially diminished optical signal . an optical amplifier amplifies the diminished optical signal at least several db and an ultra narrow - band filter filters the noise generated in the optical amplifier to produce a filtered amplified optical signal which is detected by a fast response photo detector . in a preferred embodiment the optical amplifier is a semiconductor laser amplifier . in this embodiment a faraday filter provides the ultra narrow - band filtering , virtually eliminating the noise produced by the amplifier . transmitters are described for transmitting information at a wavelength tuned to the ultra narrow - band filters . | 7 |
this invention relates to medical methods , instruments and systems for creating a controlled lesion using temperature to control the growth of the lesion . the treatment can be used in any tissue area and is particularly useful in or around a vertebral body . the features relating to the methods and devices described herein can be applied in any region of soft or hard tissue including bone or hard tissue . | 0 |
the compounds of the following formula : wherein r , r 2 , r 3 and a have the meanings given in the specification , are endowed with selective a 3 adenosine receptor antagonist activity . these compounds can be used in a pharmaceutical composition to treat disorders caused by excessive activation of the a 3 receptor , or can be used in a diagnostic application to determine the relative binding of other compounds to the a 3 receptor . the compounds can be labeled , for example with fluorescent or radiolabels , and the labels used in vivo or in vitro to determine the presence of tumor cells which possess a high concentration of adenosine a 3 receptors . | 2 |
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