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a network - based system and method for providing anonymous voice communications using the telephone network and data communications links under the direction of a call broker and associated network elements . a user present in a text chat room session establishes a data connection to call broker and , after qualifying for access and providing a callback number , receives voice session information and participant access codes for each desired participant in a voice call . the initiator causes session information and participant codes to be passed to one or more selected chat participants in the current text chat room . when a selected participant uses the received session information , and enters the received participant code and a callback number , the call broker in cooperation with a network adjunct processor completes voice links to the initiator and the selected participant . | 7 |
the invention relates to methods of enabling fractal objects to be manufactured . in accordance with the invention , the method consists in performing repeated scaling reductions on a parent generator defined by means of three - dimensional coordinates , in storing the coordinates of each daughter object obtained by such a scaling reduction , and in repeating the scaling reduction until the dimensions of a daughter object become less than a given threshold value . the coordinates of the daughter objects are then supplied to stereolithographic apparatus which manufactures the fractal object defined by assembling together the daughter objects . | 6 |
a drive arrangement for selectively repositioning a discharge spout of an agricultural harvesting machine by rotating it about a substantially vertical axis includes a drive motor coupled to a driveline incorporating a slip clutch operable for interrupting power flow to the spout in response to the driving torque exceeding a predetermined threshold value so as to prevent damage to the spout and / or drive motor when the spout impacts or is driven against an obstacle . the overload clutch is constructed so as to resist spout movement after the clutch has interrupted the flow of power through the driveline and to automatically reestablish power flow once the cause for the overload no longer exists . | 8 |
We study the stellar, brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) and intracluster medium (ICM) masses of 14 South Pole Telescope (SPT) selected galaxy clusters with median redshift z = 0.9 and mass M<SUB>500</SUB> = 6 × 10<SUP>14</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. We estimate stellar masses for each cluster and BCG using six photometric bands, the ICM mass using X-ray observations and the virial masses using the SPT Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect signature. At z = 0.9, the BCG mass M_{star }^{BCG} constitutes 0.12 ± 0.01 per cent of the halo mass for a 6 × 10<SUP>14</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> cluster, and this fraction falls as M_{500}^{-0.58± 0.07}. The cluster stellar mass function has a characteristic mass M<SUB>0</SUB> = 10<SUP>11.0 ± 0.1</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and the number of galaxies per unit mass in clusters is larger than in the field by a factor of 1.65 ± 0.20. We combine our SPT sample with previously published samples at low redshift and correct to a common initial mass function and for systematic virial mass differences. We then explore mass and redshift trends in the stellar fraction f<SUB>⋆</SUB>, the ICM fraction f<SUB>ICM</SUB>, the collapsed baryon fraction f<SUB>c</SUB> and the baryon fraction f<SUB>b</SUB>. At a pivot mass of 6 × 10<SUP>14</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> and redshift z = 0.9, the characteristic values are f<SUB>⋆</SUB> = 1.1 ± 0.1 per cent, f<SUB>ICM</SUB> = 9.6 ± 0.5 per cent, f<SUB>c</SUB> = 10.7 ± 1.1 per cent and f<SUB>b</SUB> = 10.7 ± 0.6 per cent. These fractions all vary with cluster mass at high significance, with higher mass clusters having lower f<SUB>⋆</SUB> and f<SUB>c</SUB> and higher f<SUB>ICM</SUB> and f<SUB>b</SUB>. When accounting for a 15 per cent systematic virial mass uncertainty, there is no statistically significant redshift trend at fixed mass. Our results support the scenario where clusters grow through accretion from subclusters (higher f<SUB>⋆</SUB>, lower f<SUB>ICM</SUB>) and the field (lower f<SUB>⋆</SUB>, higher f<SUB>ICM</SUB>), balancing to keep f<SUB>⋆</SUB> and f<SUB>ICM</SUB> approximately constant since z ∼ 0.9. | 9 |
Miscellaneous bugfixes and cleanup to recently added code | 9 |
a detecting device and a detecting method for monitoring a battery module are provided . the battery module is electrically connected to a load and includes a first battery unit , a second battery unit and a connecting device . the connecting device connects the positive electrode of the first battery unit to the negative electrode of the second battery unit . the detecting device includes a shunt , a voltage detecting module and a control module . the shunt is serial connected between the battery module and the load to measures the load current . the voltage detecting module measures the voltage difference across the connecting device between the positive electrode and the negative electrode . the control module computes the equivalent resistance across the connecting device between the positive electrode and the negative electrode according to the load current and the voltage difference . therefore , the hazard caused by aging of the electric circuit can be prevented by monitoring the equivalent resistance , which infers the change of the assembly quality . | 6 |
Integrated light spectroscopy from galaxies can be used to study the stellar populations that cannot be resolved into individual stars. This analysis relies on stellar population synthesis (SPS) techniques to study the formation history and structure of galaxies. However, the spectral templates available for SPS are limited, especially in the near-infrared (near-IR). We present A-LIST (APOGEE Library of Infrared SSP Templates), a new set of high-resolution, near-IR SSP spectral templates spanning a wide range of ages (2-12 Gyr), metallicities ( - 2.2 < [M/H] < + 0.4) and α abundances ( - 0.2 < [α/M] < + 0.4). This set of SSP templates is the highest resolution (R ∼ 22, 500) available in the near-IR, and the first such based on an empirical stellar library. Our models are generated using spectra of ∼300,000 stars spread across the Milky Way, with a wide range of metallicities and abundances, from the APOGEE survey. We show that our model spectra provide accurate fits to M31 globular cluster spectra taken with APOGEE, with best-fit metallicities agreeing with those of previous estimates to within ∼0.1 dex. We also compare these model spectra to lower-resolution E-MILES models and demonstrate that we recover the ages of these models to within ∼1.5 Gyr. This library is available in https://github.com/aishashok/ALIST-library. | 9 |
Blue straggler stars (BSS), one of the most massive members of star clusters, have been used for over a decade to investigate mass segregation and estimate the dynamical ages of globular clusters (GCs) and open clusters (OCs). This work is an extension of our previous study, in which we investigated a correlation between theoretically estimated dynamical ages and the observed $A^+_{\mathrm{rh}}$ values, which represent the sedimentation level of BSS with respect to the reference population. Here, we use the ML-MOC algorithm on Gaia EDR3 data to extend this analysis to 23 OCs. Using cluster properties and identified members, we estimate their dynamical and physical parameters. In order to estimate the $A^+_{\mathrm{rh}}$ values, we use the main sequence and main sequence turnoff stars as the reference population. OCs are observed to exhibit a wide range of degrees of dynamical evolution, ranging from dynamically young to late stages of intermediate dynamical age. Hence, we classify OCs into three distinct dynamical stages based on their relationship to $A^+_{\mathrm{rh}}$ and N<SUB>relax</SUB>. NGC 2682 and King 2 are discovered to be the most evolved OCs, like Family III GCs, while Berkeley 18 is the least evolved OC. Melotte 66 and Berkeley 31 are peculiar OCs because none of their dynamical and physical parameters correlate with their BSS segregation levels. | 9 |
for a user having a user input actuator , a virtual interface device , such as for a gaming machine , for determining actuation of a virtual input by the input actuator is disclosed . the device comprises a position sensing device for determining a location of the user input actuator and a controller coupled to the position sensing device , the controller determining whether a portion of the user input actuator is within a virtual input location in space defining the virtual input . | 6 |
there is presented a method and system for remotely managing and protecting computer networks from unauthorized intrusion and hacking attacks . the present invention allows a remote security management center to provide many of the monitoring and protection functions traditionally carried out by an information technology support center located at a particular network site . the remote center can monitor a protected network and intervene to thwart hacking or viral / worm attacks against the separate protected network through the global network attached to the protected network . | 7 |
this fault recovery system determines the integrity of a duplex digital pcm switching network . the two copies of the switching network operate in synchronization and comparison of the outputs of each copy of the switching network takes place in order to detect network faults . the fault recovery mechanism is chiefly provided by inserting pcm samples from maintenance registers into the pcm data stream , through the digital switching network and trapping said pcm sample for analysis by the program . subsequently , the logical unit corresponding to each fault is determined and a count is recorded corresponding to each unit . | 7 |
Context. A gas giant planet has previously been directly seen orbiting at 8-10 AU within the debris disk of the ~12 Myr old star β Pictoris. The β Pictoris system offers the rare opportunity of both studying the physical and atmospheric properties of an exoplanet placed on a wide orbit and establishing its formation scenario. <BR /> Aims: We aim to build the 1-5 μm spectral energy distribution of the planet for the first time. Our goal is to provide secure and accurate constraints on its physical and chemical properties. <BR /> Methods: We obtained J (1.265 μm), H (1.66 μm), and M' (4.78 μm) band angular differential imaging of the system between 2011 and 2012. We used Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations of the astrometric data to revise constraints on the orbital parameters of the planet. Photometric measurements were compared to those of ultra-cool dwarfs and young companions. They were combined with existing photometry (2.18, 3.80, and 4.05 μm) and compared to predictions from 7 PHOENIX-based atmospheric models in order to derive the atmospheric parameters (T<SUB>eff</SUB>, log g) of β Pictoris b. Predicted properties from ("hot-start", "cold-start", and "warm start") evolutionary models were compared to independent constraints on the mass of β Pictoris b. We used planet-population synthesis models following the core-accretion paradigm to discuss the planet's possible origin. <BR /> Results: We detect the planetary companion in our four-epoch observations. We estimate J = 14.0 ± 0.3, H = 13.5 ± 0.2, and M' = 11.0 ± 0.3 mag. Our new astrometry consolidates previous semi-major axis (8-10 AU) and excentricity (e ≤ 0.15) estimates of the planet. The location of β Pictoris b in color-magnitude diagrams suggests it has spectroscopic properties similar to L0-L4 dwarfs. This enables one to derive Log<SUB>10</SUB> (L / L<SUB>⊙</SUB>) = - 3.87 ± 0.08 for the companion. The analysis with atmospheric models reveals that the planet has a dusty atmosphere with T<SUB>eff</SUB> = 1700 ± 100K and log g = 4.0 ± 0.5. "Hot-start" evolutionary models give a new mass of 10<SUB>-2</SUB><SUP>+3</SUP> M<SUB>Jup</SUB> from T<SUB>eff</SUB> and 9<SUB>-2</SUB><SUP>+3</SUP> M<SUB>Jup</SUB> from luminosity. Predictions of "cold-start" models are still inconsistent with independent constraints on the planet mass. "Warm-start" models constrain the mass to M ≥ 6 M<SUB>Jup</SUB> and the initial entropies to values (S<SUB>init</SUB> ≥ 9.3K<SUB>b</SUB> / baryon) midway between those considered for cold/hot-start models, but probably closer to those of hot-start models. <P />Based on observations made with ESO telescopes at the Paranal Observatory under programs 073.D-0534, 076.C-0339, 078.C-0472, 084.C-0739, 085.D-0625, 088.C-0358, and 090.C-0653.Appendices A and B are available in electronic form at <A href="http://www.aanda.org">http://www.aanda.org</A> | 9 |
Hydrogen-line emission from an accretion shock has recently been observed at planetary-mass objects. Our previous work predicted the shock spectrum and luminosity for a shock on the circumplanetary disc. We extend this to the planet-surface shock. We calculate the global spectral energy distribution (SED) of accreting planets by combining our model emission spectra with photospheric SEDs, and predict the line-integrated flux for several hydrogen lines, especially H alpha, but also H beta, Pa alpha, Pa beta, Pa gamma, Br alpha, and Br gamma. We apply our non-equilibrium emission model to the surface accretion shock for a wide range of accretion rates Mdot and masses M_p . Fits to formation calculations provide radii and effective temperatures. Extinction by the surrounding material is neglected, which is arguably often relevant. We find that the line luminosity increases monotonically with Mdot and M_p , depending mostly on Mdot and weakly on M_p for the relevant range of parameters. The Lyman, Balmer, and Paschen continua can exceed the photosphere. The H beta line is fainter by 0 to 1 dex than H alpha, whereas other lines are weaker (by 1 to 3 dex). Shocks on the planet or the CPD surface are distinguishable at very high spectral resolution, but the planet surface shock likely dominates if both are present. Applied to recent non-detections of H alpha, our models imply looser constraints on the Mdot of putative planets than when extrapolating fits from the stellar regime. These hydrogen-line luminosity predictions are useful for interpreting (non-)detections of accreting planets. | 9 |
the present invention is embodied in an actuator arm which is mounted to a primary actuator . the primary actuator positions the actuator arm , with a read / write head mounted to the actuator arm , across a data storage disk . the actuator arm comprises an inboard portion , an outboard portion and a pair of bimorph actuators . the inboard portion has a longitudinal axis and is attached to the primary actuator . the outboard portion has the read / write head mounted onto it . the pair of bimorph actuators are deflectable together in a common direction and are connected between the inboard and the outboard portions . upon deflection of the bimorph actuators in the same direction , the outboard portion is translated along an at least nearly straight line transverse to the longitudinal axis of the inboard portion . this transverse motion allows the read / write head to be kept substantially within a plane parallel to the surface of the data storage disk , preventing damage caused by possible contact between slider and the disk surface from rolling the slider due to out - of - plane motions . further , the use of bimorph actuators provide increased displacements of the read / write head . also , since the head displacement is not a function of microactuator &# 39 ; s position along the actuator arm , the actuator arm can be shorter , allowing for use in compact disk drives . | 6 |
a water saving apparatus for a tank flush mechanism in which the trapped air in the flush discharge valve is vented to terminate the flush when the water level in the tank drops to a predetermined level . a pair of water level responsive actuators , set to respond at different water levels , cooperate with a normally closed vent valve coupled to the air chamber in the flush discharge valve . as the water level in the tank drops after a flush is initiated , the actuator set at the higher level in the tank will normally respond first to open the vent valve to exhaust the air from the discharge valve and terminate the flush . to provide a large volume flush , the higher level responsive actuator is rendered non - responsive by the user &# 39 ; s manipulation of the flush handle , thereby allowing the flushing action to continue until the other actuator responds to the falling water level to open the vent valve . | 4 |
a programmable calculator utilizes an initialization key for setting all program variables , including array variables that are stored as part of a program in the calculator memory , to a predetermined initial value . | 6 |
apparatus for detecting marks or other objects by comparing a decrease in reflected light while the mark or object is moving across optics , to the light reflected before the mark or object was encountered by the optics . a threshold reference voltage level is derived directly from the conductance level of a phototransistor prior to the introduction of the mark or object to be detected . this reference level is developed in such a manner as to cause it to be a dynamic voltage , varying percentage - wise as the conductance of the photo - transistor . the dynamic reference level so determined is thus always directly a portion of the level present before the mark or object to be sensed was introduced . | 6 |
disclosed is a system for providing artificial saliva . the system can include the mouthpiece , a portable supply unit , and a stationary supply unit . the portable supply unit can be adapted to be carried by a user . the portable supply unit can include a first fluid system , a first interface module , and a first control module . the first fluid system can be adapted to fluidly couple to the mouthpiece . | 0 |
a hard endoscope is disclosed having a hard outer tube , an inner tube disposed eccentrically within the outer tube , such that a gap is left between the two tubes , the inner tube having an observing optical system disposed therein , a plurality of light guide fibers disposed within the gap , the light guide fibers being adapted to transmit light along the length thereof and an end surface formed by the termination of the outer tube , the inner tube , and the light guide fibers . the outer tube has a tip member disposed on the end thereof , the tip member having an opening and forming a curved inner peripheral surface . the inner tube has a tip member disposed on the end thereof , the tip member having a curved outer peripheral surface and a slit for receiving reflected light , and the inner tube tip member terminating at the above - mentioned opening . the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube and the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube are curved in generally the same direction . the light guide fibers disposed between the two peripheral surfaces are also curved , curves thereof having various different curvatures , such that the light which is emitted therefrom is emitted in different directions . | 0 |
a compression device for providing compression treatment to a limb of a wearer includes a compression garment positionable on the limb of the wearer . the garment includes an inflatable bladder for providing compression treatment to the limb . a controller is adapted for fluidly connecting to the inflatable bladder and configured for inflating and deflating the bladder during a compression cycle . the controller has an exhaust port positioned to direct exhaust fluid through the bladder so exhaust fluid flows over the limb of the wearer to cool the limb . | 0 |
the present disclosure relates to a ligand compound , a catalyst system for oligomerization , and a method for olefin oligomerization using the same . the catalyst system for oligomerization using the ligand compound according to the present disclosure has excellent catalytic activity , exhibits high selectivity to 1 - hexene and 1 - octene , and greatly reduces the production of the by - products , thereby enabling efficient preparation of alpha - olefin . | 2 |
a fuel cell membrane and a method of making the same . the membrane includes at least one non - reinforced layer and at least one reinforced layer . both layers include a proton - conductive ionomer , while the reinforced layer additionally includes nanofiber - supported catalyst that improve mechanical and chemical durability of the membrane . the nanofiber - supported catalyst is made up of structural fibers onto which an electrocatalyst is coated , deposited or otherwise formed . the structural nanofibers give increased strength and stiffness to the layers that include them , while the electrocatalyst helps to resist electrochemical degradation to the membranes that include them . such a membrane may form the basis of a fuel cell &# 39 ; s membrane electrode assembly . | 7 |
a device for guiding movement of a stage , carrying thereon a semiconductor wafer , for printing in a reduced scale an integrated circuit pattern of a mask onto different portions of the semiconductor wafer through a reduction production lens , includes linear roller bearings for supporting the stage for movement in a predetermined direction , a slider and a roller for pressing a portion of the stage against the slider to thereby constrain the displacement of the stage in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction of movement , whereby higher accuracies of the stop position of the stage as well as higher speed of the stage movement are assured . | 5 |
a double - acting device for generating a synthetic jet is provided . the double - acting device includes a chamber having a cavity for a working fluid , a separating element for dividing the chamber into at least two sub - chambers , a control system connected to the chamber for controlling the separating element to act reciprocatingly , an input system connected to the chamber for inputting the working fluid to the chamber therethrough and an output system connected to the chamber for outputting the working fluid from the chamber therethrough . when the working fluid is pushed and pulled by a reciprocating action of the separating element , a train of vortices would be puffed and a non - zero - net - mass - flux fluid is generated through a designed structure and a defined arrangement of the input system and the output system . | 5 |
the present invention provides methods of using a novel sulfonated resin catalyst , showing improved performance . the catalyst has reduced or partial functionalization , throughout the sulfonated region of the polymer , leading to reduced by - product formation and other desirable features . this catalyst has particular usefulness in reactions or processes sensitive to high acidity , e . g ., esterification - transesterification . | 1 |
gas turbine engine systems involving hydrostatic face seals with integrated back - up seals are provided . in this regard , a representative seal assembly for a gas turbine engine includes : a stator assembly and a rotor assembly configured to operatively engage each other to form a first seal and a second seal ; the first seal being provided by a hydrostatic seal having a seal face and a seal runner ; and the second seal being provided by a back - up seal such that responsive to a failure of the first seal , the back - up seal maintains at least a portion of a pressure differential established by the first seal prior to the failure . | 5 |
a computer implemented method for an aviation system to manage , consistent with specified system business goals , the temporal assignment of airport gates for use by a plurality of aircraft which are to - be - serviced by specified ground resources , including ground personnel , equipment and supplies , so as to deliver and receive specified passengers , their baggage and cargo during a specified time period , based upon specified data pertaining to the aircraft , passengers and ground resources , includes the steps of : collecting and storing the specified data , processing the data to predict the trajectories of the aircraft , wherein these trajectories including the expected gate arrival time , required ground servicing period and projected departure time of each of the aircraft , processing the data to predict the loads imposed on the ground resources and gates associated with the movement of the passengers , equipment and supplies in relation to the arrival and departure of the aircraft , processing the data , trajectories and loads to identify the various possible ways to distribute the ground system resources and assign the gates so as to meet the time constraints of the predicted trajectories and loads , and assigning to each of the plurality of aircraft a gate for use for a prescribed period , with these assignments being made in such a manner as to allow the aviation system to optimally meet its business goals . | 6 |
an inspection system for inspecting the interior of a steam generator includes , in one aspect , a first boom and a second , telescoping boom having a proximal end pivotally attached to the first boom and a distal end bearing a delivery capsule , the delivery capsule defining a storage bay . the inspection system includes a first robotic inspection vehicle dimensioned to fit in the delivery capsule storage bay and itself defines a storage bay . the first robotic inspection vehicle includes at least one inspection camera and at least one lighting system . the first robotic inspection vehicle further includes cabling connecting the first robotic inspection vehicle to the delivery capsule . the inspection system also includes a second robotic inspection vehicle dimensioned to fit in the first robotic inspection vehicle storage bay . the second robotic inspection vehicle includes at least one inspection camera and at least one lighting system and further includes cabling connecting the second robotic inspection vehicle to the first robotic inspection vehicle . | 8 |
a method and apparatus for providing information associated with at least one portion of a sample can be provided . for example , at least one wavelength of electro - magnetic radiation provided on a sample can be encoded to determine at least one transverse location of the portion . a relative phase between at least one first electro - magnetic radiation electro - magnetic radiation being returned from a sample and at least one second electro - magnetic radiation returned from a reference can be obtained to determine at least one relative depth location of the portion . further , the information of the portion can be provided based on the transverse location and the relative depth location . for example , the information can be depth information and / or three - dimensional information associated with the portion of the sample . | 6 |
a palm wrench includes a c - shaped body and a driving head . the driving head is pivotably and rotatably located within the body . the body has an opening , and the driving head has two function ends on two sides thereof . the driving head is pivotably connected to the body by two pivots which extend through the body and are connected to the driving head . the driving head can be rotated with respect to the body , and the user can grapes the body to rotate the driving head to output torque . | 1 |
there is disclosed a device adapted to accurately deliver a selected concentration of a primary gas in a diluent gas , such as ambient air . the device of the invention includes a hollow diluter body having generally opposed ports for the ingress of a primary stream of gas and the egress of a dilution stream of gas . the interior of the body defines a dilution chamber and a vent chamber , both of which are open to the egress port . the top wall of the body is provided with a port for communication between the dilution chamber and the exterior of the body . a vent port in the housing provides communication between the vent chamber and the exterior of the device . pressure sensitive sealing means normally closes the vent chamber to prevent communication between the chamber and the exterior of the device and is operative responsive to pressure in the vent chamber to open and allow communication between the vent chamber and the exterior of the device through the vent port . | 6 |
We present a multiwavelength study of the massive galaxy cluster Abell 1763 at redshift z = 0.231. Image analysis of a 19.6 ks Chandra archival observation reveals a cluster-wide spiral of enhanced surface brightness in the intracluster medium (ICM). While such spirals are understood to form in clusters with sloshing strong cool cores (SCCs), the gas comprising the spiral’s apex is of intermediate entropy (∼110 keV cm<SUP>2</SUP>) and cooling time (∼6.8 Gyr), indicating core disruption is occurring throughout the spiral formation process. Two subclusters dominated by the second- and third-ranked galaxies in the system lie along a line parallel to the elongation axis of the primary cluster’s ICM. Both subsystems appear to have fallen in along a previously discovered intercluster filament and are each considered candidates as the perturber responsible for initiating disruptive core sloshing. Dynamical analysis indicates infall is occurring with a relative radial velocity of ∼1800 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. The brightest cluster galaxy of Abell 1763 possesses a high line-of-sight peculiar velocity (v <SUB>pec</SUB> ∼ 650 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>) and hosts a powerful (P <SUB>1.4</SUB> ∼ 10<SUP>26</SUP> W Hz<SUP>-1</SUP>) bent double-lobed radio source, likely shaped by the relative bulk ICM flow induced in the merger. The cluster merger model of SCC destruction invokes low impact parameter infall as the condition required for core transformation. In contrast to this, the high angular momentum event occurring in Abell 1763 suggests that off-axis mergers play a greater role in establishing the non-cool core cluster population than previously assumed. | 9 |
the present invention has been made in an effort to provide a cvd apparatus and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device using the same having advantages of providing a precursor supplying apparatus that can prevent defects and / or contamination by source material - based contaminants that may result from certain operations performed during maintenance work . an exemplary precursor supplying apparatus for a cvd apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a precursor storage tank , a gas inlet line adapted to flow inert gas into the storage tank , a gas supply line connected to the storage tank and adapted to supply a precursor to a cvd chamber , and a backflow - prevention line connected to the gas inlet line and adapted to flow an inert gas into the storage tank and / or the gas inlet line . | 2 |
In 1913 Henry Moseley, an unknown young English physicist published an article in the Philosophical Magazine under the title of ``The High Frequency Spectra of the Elements.'' The 10-page article was to have far reaching implications in both chemistry and physics and helped to resolve a major conundrum in the periodic table of the elements. The talk will briefly examine the life and work of Moseley who died tragically while fighting in the trenches of World War I in 1915. The build-up to the discovery of atomic number took several different avenues including contributions from Rutherford and Barkla. However the more direct motivation for Moseley's work, as he readily acknowledged, were the articles of an unknown Dutch econometrician Anton Van den Broek who attempted to improve on Mendeleev's periodic table. Moseley began as a student of Rutherford at Manchester and took a keen interest in the development of research using X-rays following the work of Roentgen, von Laue and Bragg. Although Rutherford was at first reluctant to enter this new field he soon yielded to young Moseley's request and sent him to Leeds for brief training with Bragg. On returning to Manchester, Moseley devised an ingenious apparatus in which a set of metal samples could be rotated so as to become the target for a beam of electrons in order to measure the frequencies of the emitted K X-rays. The first set of such experiments used nine successive elements in the periodic table, from titanium to zinc. Moseley's now immense fame rests with the results of this study as well as a subsequent one which extended the study into a further 30 elements, in addition to the use that his method was put to by himself as well as subsequent chemists and physicists. | 9 |
an optical reproducing method for an optical medium including a disk - like substrate , a spiral or concentric - shaped groove structure along a track formed on the disk - like substrate , the groove structure being wobbled in a radial direction of the optical medium , the track being divided into a plurality of units in the track direction by at least one radial boundary line , at least two adjacent units in the radial direction of the optical medium comprise one zone , and the groove structure included in the respective units within one zone having substantially a same number of wobbling . the method includes irradiating an optical spot on the optical medium , detecting a reflected beam from the optical medium , and reproducing information on the optical medium by sing a signal obtained by the reflected beam . | 6 |
a vacuum cleaner includes a housing having a suction opening disposed between front and rear brushes for sucking dirt from a floor . a rag disposed behind the rear brush is rotatably driven about a transverse axis by the reciprocal action of the housing as the latter is displaced along the floor . a water supply keeps the rag moist . the rag is driven such that the floor - engaging portion is driven in a direction opposite the direction of housing travel . an auxiliary opening in the suction line sucks dirt from the rag at a location above the floor . | 0 |
an ethylbenzene production system comprises a reactor vessel , a vapor phase ethylene feed stream , a benzene feed stream entering the reactor vessel , and a product stream containing ethylbenzene exiting the reactor vessel . the reactor vessel has an ethylation section and a benzene stripping section , whereby fluid communication via integrated vapor and liquid traffic is maintained between the ethylation section and stripping section . the vapor phase ethylene feed stream contains 3 to 50 mol % ethylene and at least 20 mol % methane entering the reactor vessel . | 1 |
a method of operating a processor . the method comprises a first step of fetching an instruction . the instruction includes an instruction opcode , a first data operand bit group corresponding to a first data operand , and a second data operand bit group corresponding to a second data operand . at least one of the first data operand and the second data operand consists of an integer number n bits . the instruction also comprises at least one immediate bit manipulation operand consisting of an integer number m bits , wherein 2 m is less than the integer number n . the method further includes a second step of executing the instruction , comprising the step of manipulating a number of bits of one of the first data operand and the second data operand . finally , the number of manipulated bits is in response to the at least one immediate bit manipulation operand , and the manipulating step is further in response to the instruction opcode . | 6 |
a device for expelling a fluid through a needle mounted on a hub includes an elongated luer member that has a distal portion dimensioned to engage the needle hub to provide fluid communication between the luer member and the needle . an adapter anchors the luer member within the device . slidingly mounted on the adapter is a cylindrical - shaped inverted plunger that is movable thereon between an advanced position and a withdrawn position . a needle guard is biased by a biasing member to extend distally from the luer member when the plunger is in the advanced position . the guard is selectively engageable with the plunger to be retracted to expose the distal portion of the luer member for fluid engagement with the needle hub when the plunger is moved to the withdrawn position . | 0 |
disclosed is a rotational speed sensor comprising a rotatable ring . the rotational speed sensor has k magnetic pole pairs distributed angularly over the rotatable ring . also , sensors are positioned relative to the rotatable ring such that a varying magnetic field is detected . the sensors comprise a first pair being positioned 2πl / k radians apart . the sensors further comprise a second pair being positioned 2πm / k radians apart . the first pair of sensors and second pair of sensors are positioned at a relative position of */ 2 radians . l , m are integers between one and k and n is an integer greater than one . | 6 |
a computer system in which resources are selected or purged based on extremes of utilization effectively handles newly added resources whose initial utilization rankings do not reflect their true popularity . new resources are arbitrarily assigned an initial utilization ranking that is in the middle of the range of utilization rankings -- e . g ., preferably the median or , more preferably , the mean -- of other members of the group . therefore , the new resource is not immediately either selected or purged , because its initial utilization ranking is not at either extreme , and eventually , after not too long an interval , the utilization ranking reflects the true conditions , and the resource will be selected or purged , or not , as the statistics may warrant . in the meantime , other resources in the group are selected or purged based on their actual statistics which reflect the true conditions closely enough . | 7 |
an elongated body member adapted for coupling to a well logging or perforating instrument in a fixed rotational relation , and formed such that at least a portion of the mass is eccentrically disposed relative to the longitudinal axis of the body member . located within the eccentric mass of the body member is a recess for retaining one or more magnets . when the orienting decentralizer is introduced into a borehole , virtually any deviation of the borehole from true vertical will cause the longitudinal axis of the body member to tilt and the eccentric mass will cause the decentralizer to rotate about its longitudinal axis and seek equilibrium with the eccentric mass uniformly disposed beneath the tilted axis of the body member , thus rotating the attached logging or perforating instrument to a predictable orientation relative to the lower side of the borehole . in this orientation , within a cased borehole , the magnets will exert an attractive force upon the well casing to resist any departure from this predictable orientation . | 4 |
a device for simultaneously and evenly toasting articles of differing contours and dimensions arranged upon a heated griddle . a clamshell plate , positioned in stand - off relationship above said griddle - arranged articles , has a plurality of slideably moveable fingers or pins mounted therein which float , that is , are brought into contacting and resting relation with the upper surfaces of said articles to provide a gentle pressure thereon to urge the lower surfaces into more intimate contact with the griddle until the toasting process is completed , thereby accelerating the toasting process without undesirable side effects such as distortion of , and condensation on , the upper surfaces and caramelization of the lower surfaces of said articles . | 0 |
the invention relates to diaphragm means arranged close to the film in an x - ray spot film device . the diaphragm means comprises a first diaphragm with several rectangular aperture sections . the sections are displaced in the horizontal direction and have different vertical dimensions . a second diaphragm assembly has vertically extending diaphragm edges . by moving the first diaphragm to different positions in the radiation path , the aperture can be adapted to exposure formats of different vertical dimensions . | 6 |
the rig mat is laid on a substrate to provide a surface to bear and distribute weight over the substrate . the rig mat call be used individually or juxtaposed in an assembly of mats to provide the bearing surface . the rig mat has a top plate and a bottom plate disposed in parallel alignment . a spacer grate is sandwiched between and fixed to the plates . an edge binder is disposed around the perimeter edges of the plates to bind them together and to enclose the spacer grate within the space between the plates . the spacer grate is made up of a number of grating bars disposed in a parallel to each other . cross - rods disposed in parallel to each other and perpendicular to the grating bars pass through and attach to the grating bars to fix the spacing between the grating bars . | 4 |
featured is a controller for a motor that is ultra - compact , with a power density of at least about 20 watts per cubic cm . the controller utilizes a common ground for power circuitry , which energizes the windings of the motor , and the signal circuitry , which controls this energization responsive to signals from one or more sensors . also , the ground is held at a stable potential without galvanic isolation . the circuits , their components and connectors are sized and located to minimize their inductance and heat is dissipated by conduction to the controller &# 39 ; s exterior such as by a thermally conductive and electrically insulating material . the controller uses a single current sensor for plural windings and preferably a single heat sensor within the controller . the body of the controller can also function as the sole plug connector . | 7 |
provided are a method of making irbesartan via a suzuki coupling reaction and a novel intermediate , 2 - butyl - 3 -- 1 , 3 - diazaspironon - 1 - ene - 4 - one , for such process . the novel process includes the step of reacting such intermediate with a protected imidazolephenylboronic acid . | 2 |
a silicon on insulator field effect transistor structure is formed on a conventional bulk silicon wafer . the structure includes an electrical coupling between the channel region of the fet with the bulk silicon substrate to eliminate the floating body effect caused by charge accumulation in the channel regions due to historical operation of the fet . the method of forming the structure includes isolating the fet active region from other structures in the silicon substrate by forming an insulating trench about the perimeter of the fet and forming an undercut beneath the active region to reduce or eliminate junction capacitance between the source and drain regions and the silicon substrate . | 7 |
a lubrication device for a rotating hook in a sewing machine , having a hook shaft provided with a hollow interior axially thereof , an inlet and an outlet communicating with the hollow interior for prevention of oil pressure build - up therein as oil is supplied from an oil reservoir , a restriction between the inlet and the outlet for decreasing the diametrical extent of the hollow interior , and a closure for one end of the hollow interior provided with an oil supply channel communicating with the hollow interior , the oil supply channel having an axis positioned either eccentrically or concentrically of a longitudinal axis of the hook - shaft and an insert part to prevent the porous material from resting at the bottom of the interior of the hook - shaft , when the machine is stopped . | 3 |
a three dimensional disposable panty for holding a sanitary pad . the panty may have elasticized leg and waist openings and be stretchable about the hip and stomach regions of a user . the panty provides backup leakage protection to the sanitary pad . the panty includes an absorbent barrier composite positioned in the crotch area and extending into the body of the disposable panty front and back and over the leg elastics to trap pad leakage inside the pant and prevent liquid strike through onto outer clothing and bed linen . | 0 |
This is the first standalone release of the Python function <get_historical_metadata.py> ; "historical" because it was built from metadata contained in the netCDF files of the historical CMIP experiments distributed by ESGF. The function was previously published as part of the Python collection https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4555367 and contains a comprehensive metadata archive for more than 60 Global Climate Models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phases 5 and 6, built with the help of the model development teams. See help text within the function and https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1375-2022 for more details. Contact: [email protected] usage: get_historical_metadata('name_of_the_gcm'); dependencies: Numpy history: v1.1: The .zip file was replaced by the individual files contained therein. | 9 |
methods for accurate transmission of elin / callback number from an emergency caller calling from behind a pbx / mlts include prioritizing the emergency call , assigning a port equipment number to each device / trunk of the pbx / mlts and associating ports / devices with elins and callback numbers . the apparatus of the invention detects an emergency number , assigns the call priority , and uses the port / device number to determine the elin / callback number and properly transmit the elin / callback number . | 7 |
Magnetars are neutron stars with extremely strong magnetic fields (10<SUP>13</SUP> to 10<SUP>15</SUP> gauss)<SUP>1,2</SUP>, which episodically emit X-ray bursts approximately 100 milliseconds long and with energies of 10<SUP>40</SUP> to 10<SUP>41</SUP> erg. Occasionally, they also produce extremely bright and energetic giant flares, which begin with a short (roughly 0.2 seconds), intense flash, followed by fainter, longer-lasting emission that is modulated by the spin period of the magnetar<SUP>3,4</SUP> (typically 2 to 12 seconds). Over the past 40 years, only three such flares have been observed in our local group of galaxies<SUP>3-6</SUP>, and in all cases the extreme intensity of the flares caused the detectors to saturate. It has been proposed that extragalactic giant flares are probably a subset<SUP>7-11</SUP> of short γ-ray bursts, given that the sensitivity of current instrumentation prevents us from detecting the pulsating tail, whereas the initial bright flash is readily observable out to distances of around 10 to 20 million parsecs. Here we report X-ray and γ-ray observations of the γ-ray burst GRB 200415A, which has a rapid onset, very fast time variability, flat spectra and substantial sub-millisecond spectral evolution. These attributes match well with those expected for a giant flare from an extragalactic magnetar<SUP>12</SUP>, given that GRB 200415A is directionally associated<SUP>13</SUP> with the galaxy NGC 253 (roughly 3.5 million parsecs away). The detection of three-megaelectronvolt photons provides evidence for the relativistic motion of the emitting plasma. Radiation from such rapidly moving gas around a rotating magnetar may have generated the rapid spectral evolution that we observe. | 9 |
a method and apparatus for detecting and correcting errors and erasures in product - coded data arrays by iterative syndrome processing array data in row major order and column major order . a first dense map is formed for classifying each row containing location indicia of random errors , their correction patterns , and pointers to rows containing erasure errors . this map is used to effectuate row array random error corrections in place in memory . a second dense map is formed of location indicia and correction patterns for each pair adjacent position within a column containing erasure errors as indexed by a counterpart row pointer . the second map is used to effectuate column array erasure corrections and random error corrections in place in memory . | 7 |
absorbent articles are disclosed that have been printed with active graphics alone or in combination with permanent graphics to create a wetness indicator . different active graphic compositions and / or permanent graphic compositions are combined so as to make the wetness indicator very prominent on the article . in addition , when the absorbent article is wetted , the active graphics undergo a change that is easily noticed by the wearer or the caregiver for the wearer . in one embodiment , for instance , active graphics are positioned within a distinctive frame . the frame focuses a person &# 39 ; s attention onto the active graphics . the active graphics fill most of the surface area of the frame such that when the absorbent article is wetted , a clearly noticeable change occurs . | 0 |
new mitomycins are produced by synthetic processes . the compounds exhibit broad spectrum antibacterial activity and are useful as antibacterial agents . | 2 |
a downhole well valve having a variable area orifice is flow area adjusted by a sliding sleeve that is axially shifted along a tubular housing interior in a finite number of increments . a hydraulic actuator displaces a predetermined volume of hydraulic fluid with each actuator stroke . an actuator displaced volume of fluid shifts the flow control sleeve by one increment of flow area differential . an indexing mechanism associated with the sleeve provides a pressure value respective to each increment in the increment series . | 4 |
Context. The MRS mode of the JWST-MIRI instrument has been shown to be a powerful tool to characterise the molecular gas emission of the inner region of planet-forming disks. Investigating their spectra allows us to infer the composition of the gas in these regions and, subsequently, the potential atmospheric composition of the forming planets. We present the JWST-MIRI observations of the compact T-Tauri disk, DR Tau, which are complemented by ground-based, high spectral resolution (R ~ 60 000-90 000) CO ro-vibrational observations. <BR /> Aims: The aim of this work is to investigate the power of extending the JWST-MIRI CO observations with complementary, high-resolution, ground-based observations acquired through the SpExoDisks database, as JWST-MIRI's spectral resolution (R ~ 1500- 3500) is not sufficient to resolve complex CO line profiles. In addition, we aim to infer the excitation conditions of other molecular features present in the JWST-MIRI spectrum of DR Tau and link those with CO. <BR /> Methods: The archival complementary, high-resolution CO ro-vibrational observations were analysed with rotational diagrams. We extended these diagrams to the JWST-MIRI observations by binning and convolution with JWST-MIRI's pseudo-Voigt line profile. In parallel, local thermal equilibrium (LTE) 0D slab models were used to infer the excitation conditions of the detected molecular species. <BR /> Results: Various molecular species, including CO, CO<SUB>2</SUB>, HCN, and C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>, are detected in the JWST-MIRI spectrum of DR Tau, with H<SUB>2</SUB>O being discussed in a subsequent paper. The high-resolution observations show evidence for two <SUP>12</SUP>CO components: a broad component (full width at half maximum of FWHM ~33.5 km s<SUP>−1</SUP>) tracing the Keplerian disk and a narrow component (FWHM ~ 11.6 km s<SUP>−1</SUP>) tracing a slow disk wind. The rotational diagrams yield CO excitation temperatures of T ≥ 725 K. Consistently lower excitation temperatures are found for the narrow component, suggesting that the slow disk wind is launched from a larger radial distance. In contrast to the ground-based observations, much higher excitation temperatures are found if only the high-J transitions probed by JWST-MIRI are considered in the rotational diagrams. Additional analysis of the <SUP>12</SUP>CO line wings suggests a larger emitting area than inferred from the slab models, hinting at a misalignment between the inner (i ~ 20°) and the outer disk (i ~ 5°). Compared to CO, we retrieved lower excitation temperatures of T ~ 325-900 K for <SUP>12</SUP>CO<SUB>2</SUB>, HCN, and C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>. <BR /> Conclusions: We show that complementary, high-resolution CO ro-vibrational observations are necessary to properly investigate the excitation conditions of the gas in the inner disk and they are required to interpret the spectrally unresolved JWST-MIRI CO observations. These additional observations, covering the lower-J transitions, are needed to put better constraints on the gas physical conditions and they allow for a proper treatment of the complex line profiles. A comparison with JWST-MIRI requires the use of pseudo-Voigt line profiles in the convolution rather than simple binning. The combined high-resolution CO and JWST-MIRI observations can then be used to characterise the emission, in addition to the physical and chemical conditions of the other molecules with respect to CO. The inferred excitation temperatures suggest that CO originates from the highest atmospheric layers close to the host star, followed by HCN and C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB> which emit, together with <SUP>13</SUP>CO, from slightly deeper layers, whereas the CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission originates from even deeper inside or further out of the disk. | 9 |
apparatus for synchronizing vehicle braking indicators to reduce braking reaction times of following vehicles includes a transmitter and signaler on each vehicle for producing rearwardly directed ir and visible radiation , respectively , in response to operation of vehicle brakes ; and a forwardly oriented receiver for detecting a counterpart of the ir radiation . the apparatus substantially eliminates typical following divers &# 39 ; reaction times of one to two seconds per car , giving extra braking room of 100 to 200 feet per car at 70 mph . the signaler can activate conventional brake lights of the vehicle and / or auxiliary brake lights , preferably for a limited signaling duration . the receiver can be responsive to a vehicle speedometer signal for operation only at or above a predetermined speed such as 10 mph . | 1 |
a multilayered sheet is made by extruding a sheet and bringing it into immediate contact with a non - woven sheet before bringing the abutting sheets into a first nip formed by a pair of pressure rollers . the multilayered sheet then passes through a second nip formed between two pressure rollers and is cooled down through a series of additional chill rollers . | 8 |
in apparatus including a cathode ray tube , electrical circuitry for preventing &# 34 ; burn &# 34 ; spots in the phosphor of the cathode ray tube . the protective apparatus includes means to measure the rate of change of deflection of the electron beam of the cathode ray tube and means to measure the brightness level of the electron beam . the absolute value of the rate of change of the deflection of the beam is divided by the brightness level of the beam to produce a signal which is compared to a reference value . if the dividend exceeds the reference value , the crt is shut down as in the preferred embodiment by blanking the cathode ray tube beam . | 7 |
a power tool workstation for mounting one of a series of different power tools includes a top plate with a flanged opening therein for receipt of an insert upon which any one of a number of power tools is mounted . | 1 |
the invention relates to a sulphide catalyst for electrochemical reduction of oxygen particularly stable in chemically aggressive environments such as chlorinated hydrochloric acid . the catalyst of the invention comprises a noble metal sulphide single crystalline phase supported on a conductive carbon essentially free of zerovalent metal and of metal oxide phases , obtainable by reduction of metal precursor salts and thio - precursors with a borohydride or other strong reducing agent . | 7 |
Final data upload for Barkley et al. 2019, 'A framework to estimate the likelihood of species interactions and behavioural responses using animal-borne acoustic telemetry transceivers and accelerometers' in Journal of Animal Ecology. | 9 |
a multi - lumen catheter for independent delivery and withdrawal of fluids having an improved leading end to minimize stasis and an improved coupling for connection to externally located infusion and withdrawal tubes . the improved leading end has an ellipsoidally shaped tip with a smooth , uninterrupted surface and , in close proximity to the tip , a port or ports evenly spaced along the length of each lumen in staggered relation between each lumen . the improved coupling is a generally l - shaped , implantable transition device bonded to a percutaneous access device . the overall conformation of the multi - lumen catheter may be either a &# 34 ; u - shape &# 34 ; or an upright &# 34 ; z - shape .&# 34 ; externally located infusion and withdrawal tubes are in fluid connection with an epidermal end of the transition device and a multi - lumen tube fits snugly over nipples at a subcutaneous end of the transition device . | 0 |
the invention provides methods and compositions relating to a novel tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor number six protein , which transcriptionally activates nuclear factor κb . the invention provides isolated traf6 hybridization probes and primers capable of hybridizing with the disclosed traf6 gene , nucleic acids encoding the subject traf6 proteins , methods of making the subject traf6 proteins , and methods of using the subject compositions in diagnosis and drug screening . | 0 |
a led signal includes a housing and a cover . at least one led is arranged on a pcb and mounted within the housing . a collimator that collimates light energy emitted by the at least one led is positioned adjacent to the at least one led . a diffuser is positioned adjacent to the collimator and spreads collimated light transmitted through the collimator . the pcb , the collimator , and the diffuser are disposed between the cover and the housing , and the cover provides a protective barrier between environmental conditions and the collimator and diffuser . | 5 |
an intermediate film 222 in a three - layered resist film 225 is formed by the chemical vapor deposition process at a temperature not higher than 300 ° c ., using si , where each of r 1 , r 2 , r 3 and r 4 independently represents a carbon - containing group or a hydrogen atom , excluding the case where all of r 1 to r 4 are hydrogen atoms . | 7 |
Current and future imaging surveys require photometric redshifts (photo-zs) to be estimated for millions of galaxies. Improving the photo-z quality is a major challenge but is needed to advance our understanding of cosmology. In this paper we explore how the synergies between narrow-band photometric data and large imaging surveys can be exploited to improve broadband photometric redshifts. We used a multi-task learning (MTL) network to improve broadband photo-z estimates by simultaneously predicting the broadband photo-z and the narrow-band photometry from the broadband photometry. The narrow-band photometry is only required in the training field, which also enables better photo-z predictions for the galaxies without narrow-band photometry in the wide field. This technique was tested with data from the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS) in the COSMOS field. We find that the method predicts photo-zs that are 13% more precise down to magnitude i<SUB>AB</SUB> < 23; the outlier rate is also 40% lower when compared to the baseline network. Furthermore, MTL reduces the photo-z bias for high-redshift galaxies, improving the redshift distributions for tomographic bins with z > 1. Applying this technique to deeper samples is crucial for future surveys such as Euclid or LSST. For simulated data, training on a sample with i<SUB>AB</SUB> < 23, the method reduces the photo-z scatter by 16% for all galaxies with i<SUB>AB</SUB> < 25. We also studied the effects of extending the training sample with photometric galaxies using PAUS high-precision photo-zs, which reduces the photo-z scatter by 20% in the COSMOS field. | 9 |
a method is provided for controlling an automatic external defibrillator without stopping cpr . while chest compressions continue to be applied to the victim , the system differentiates between a perfusing rhythm that has the capability of leading to a beating heart without a shock and ventricular fibrillation which sometimes occurs in the presence of ventricular tachycardia , in which there is no capability for leading to a beating heart without a shock . defibrillation shocks should be applied only when needed and that is in the presence of vf and sometimes in the presence of vt . electrocardiographic signals obtained from electrodes applied to the patient &# 39 ; s chest are analyzed so that the presence of a qrs signal characteristic of a rhythm which has the potential of supporting a beating heart , or the absence of a qrs signal which indicates ventricular fibrillation , may be detected in the presence of artifacts resulting from chest compressions . | 0 |
Because of the lack of long-term pulsed emission in quiescence and the strong timing noise, it is impossible to directly measure the braking index n of a magnetar. Based on the estimated ages of their potentially associated supernova remnants (SNRs), we estimate the values of the mean braking indices of eight magnetars with SNRs, and find that they cluster in the range of 1-42. Five magnetars have smaller mean braking indices of 1 < n < 3, and we interpret them within a combination of magneto-dipole radiation and wind-aided braking. The larger mean braking indices of n > 3 for the other three magnetars are attributed to the decay of external braking torque, which might be caused by magnetic field decay. We estimate the possible wind luminosities for the magnetars with 1 < n < 3, and the dipolar magnetic field decay rates for the magnetars with n > 3, within the updated magneto-thermal evolution models. Although the constrained range of the magnetars' braking indices is tentative, as a result of the uncertainties in the SNR ages due to distance uncertainties and the unknown conditions of the expanding shells, our method provides an effective way to constrain the magnetars' braking indices if the measurements of the SNR ages are reliable, which can be improved by future observations. | 9 |
a flexible monofilament surgical suture having unique handling and knot tying characteristics . said suture comprises a drawn and oriented monofilament of a poly , having the following combination of mechanical properties : tensile strength -- at least about 60 , 000 psi knot strength -- at least about 35 , 000 psi young &# 39 ; s modulus -- between about 80 , 000 and 280 , 000 psi elongation -- from about 20 % to 80 %. | 0 |
a dashpot featuring amplitude - dependent shock absorption , especially intended for the wheel of a vehicle and including a hydraulically parallel cylindrical pressure - compensation chamber . the pressure - compensation chamber is partitioned by an axially displaceable floating piston . at least one face of the floating piston is provided with a resilient bumper . the object is a dashpot with a floating piston that arrives more gently at its limit inside the pressure - compensation chamber . the bumper is accordingly accommodated in an axial hollow that extends through the body of the floating piston . | 1 |
the invention describes techniques for the control of the spatial as well as spectral beam quality of multi - mode fiber amplification of high peak power pulses as well as using such a configuration to replace the present diode - pumped , neodynium based sources . perfect spatial beam - quality can be ensured by exciting the fundamental mode in the multi - mode fibers with appropriate mode - matching optics and techniques . the loss of spatial beam - quality in the multi - mode fibers along the fiber length can be minimized by using multi - mode fibers with large cladding diameters . near diffraction - limited coherent multi - mode amplifiers can be conveniently cladding pumped , allowing for the generation of high average power . moreover , the polarization state in the multi - mode fiber amplifiers can be preserved by implementing multi - mode fibers with stress producing regions or elliptical fiber cores these lasers find application as a general replacement of nd : based lasers , especially nd : yag lasers . particularly utility is disclosed for applications in the marking , micro - machining and drilling areas . | 7 |
a method for machining a gas turbine rotor which is provided with a cooling air slot which concentrically extends around the axis of the gas turbine rotor and is supplied with compressed cooling air via axial cooling air holes which at the side lead into the slot base of the cooling air slot , and the opening of which is covered by bridges which are arranged in a distributed manner over the circumference and spaced apart from each other by gaps . a crack - resistant slot shape is achieved without intervention into the configuration of the bridges by a material - removing tool , particularly a milling tool , being lowered in the gaps between the bridges one after the other into the cooling air slot and in this way the slot base of the cooling air slot being machined and widened over the entire circumference . | 8 |
a medical device delivery system comprises an inner tube , a medical device disposed about a portion of the distal region of the inner tube , a medical device sheath disposed about the medical device , a medical device sheath retraction device extending proximally from the medical device sheath and an outer sheath disposed about a portion of the medical device sheath retraction device . the distal end of the outer sheath terminates at least one medical device length proximal of the medical device . the medical device sheath is movable relative to the outer sheath and relative to the inner tube . | 0 |
a multiple integrated circuit intra - package configuration having a centrally mounted integrated circuit die and an additional circuit device mounted in the package periphery . the additional circuit device may provide multiple functions , for example , to protect and enhance the performance of the integrated circuit die . examples of such functions are electrostatic discharge protection circuits and temperature sensing . the intra - package circuit device avoids problems such as simple and complex process compatibility and additional space requirements of utilizing components external to the package . the multiple circuit intra - package configuration utilizes the small space available in the vicinity of lead posts in integrated circuit packages such as soic and tssop configurations to mount circuit devices . in one embodiment , a circuit device , for example , a diode , is mounted on a lead post and connected as desired using any of a variety of connectability alternatives such as wire bonding . in another embodiment , the integrated circuit die is attached conventionally to a die pad having a die pad extension disposed between lead posts . a circuit device is mounted on the die pad extension and connected as desired . additionally , within the same package multiple circuit devices may be present and a large number of interconnectability options and versatile configurations are available . | 7 |
apparatus for tightening chains that are installed on a tire , as well as methods for using such apparatus is disclosed . the chain - tightening apparatus provides a mechanism for uniformly tightening the chains , as well as maintaining a constant uniform tension on the chains when the tire moves . the apparatus attaches to the chains quickly and easily , making the method of tightening such chains simple . the apparatus is quickly and easily removed and is easily and compactly stored . | 8 |
an event discrimination methodology executes multiple versions of the same or different event discrimination algorithms and logically or arithmetically combines their outputs to distinguish between specified events and non - events . one given algorithm is repeatedly executed with different sets of calibration data , or alternately , a number of different algorithms are executed . in cases where the algorithm results are arithmetically combined , the weights accorded to each algorithm result are dynamically adjusted based on driver input or vehicle dynamic behavior data to accord highest weight to the algorithm calibrated to identify events associated with the detected driver input or vehicle dynamic behavior . | 6 |
this invention relates to the filling or dispensing of radiopharmaceuticals in sample vials . radiopharmaceuticals must be dispensed in a cleanroom environment according to cgmp regulations . single - use filling cassette - type dispensing systems can be used for filling or dispensing of radiopharmaceuticals in sample vials . a single - use filling cassette is the core of such a dispenser system . a flexible bag container comprising a flexible bag and a filling cassette was found . the filling cassette is assembled within the flexible bag under aseptic conditions . the assembled filling cassette defined a closed system since each opening is connected to a sample vials or sterile filter avoiding contamination from outside . | 0 |
We conduct a comprehensive search for X-ray emission lines from sterile neutrino dark matter, motivated by recent claims of unidentified emission lines in the stacked X-ray spectra of galaxy clusters and the centres of the Milky Way and M31. Since the claimed emission lines lie around 3.5 keV, we focus on galaxies and galaxy groups (masking the central regions), since these objects emit very little radiation above ∼2 keV and offer a clean background against which to detect emission lines. We develop a formalism for maximizing the signal-to-noise of decaying dark matter emission lines by weighing each X-ray event according to the expected dark matter profile. In total, we examine 81 and 89 galaxies with Chandra and XMM-Newton, respectively, totalling 15.0 and 14.6 Ms of integration time. We find no significant evidence of any emission lines, placing strong constraints on the mixing angle of sterile neutrinos with masses between 4.8 and 12.4 keV. In particular, if the 3.57 keV feature from Bulbul et al. were due to 7.1 keV sterile neutrino emission, we would have detected it at 4.4σ and 11.8σ in our two samples. The most conservative estimates of the systematic uncertainties reduce these constraints to 4.4σ and 7.8σ, or letting the line energy vary between 3.50 and 3.60 keV reduces these constraints to 2.7σ and 11.0σ, respectively. Unlike previous constraints, our measurements do not depend on the model of the X-ray background or on the assumed logarithmic slope of the centre of the dark matter profile. | 9 |
the present invention provides for a scanning device including a radiation scanning component for scanning the contents of cargo containers . the radiation scanning component is attached to a spreader bar of a crane system such that the container is surrounded on either side by the radiation scanning device upon securement of the container to the spreader bar . the scanning and unloading / loading of cargo are a simultaneous operation providing for time and cost efficiency . the present invention further provides for a method of scanning a container using the scanning device of the present invention . | 6 |
a system for an electronic gambling device output has been developed . the system includes , a first computing device with slot machine game logic circuitry that generates an output signal that is content tested and approved by a gaming regulatory authority for output by the slot machine . it also includes a second computing device that is external to the slot machine . this device controls the tested output content and output content that has not been tested by the gaming regulatory authority . the untested output content replaces or supplements the tested output content . | 6 |
the water purification cartridge treats water with a halogen liberated from halogenated hydantoinyl resins and polymers , resulting in the safe , complete , and economical purification of non - potable water at low flow rates typically found in gravity feed filtration systems and at water pressures of less than 1 psig . the cartridge of the invention purifies non - potable water of bacteria , viruses , and some protozons without the need for additional power sources or risk to the consumer for exposure to chemicals that have been identified to have harmful , long - term effects . the cartridge described herein enables a gravity fed water purification system by combining the cartridge with conventional filters , such as porous diatomaceous earthen ceramic water filters or activated carbon filters packed either with granular activated carbon or block . | 2 |
a method of forming a bag stand including the steps of : bending a first subpanel along a hinge from a flattened arrangement , the first subpanel including a plurality of side panels and a connection mechanism , each of the plurality of side panels including a left end and a right end , the hinge positioned between a first side panel of the plurality of side panels and an adjacent second side panel of the plurality of side panels ; and connecting the first subpanel to a second subpanel by the connection mechanism . | 1 |
the process of forming a part from laminae of powders of materials such as metals , ceramics , intermetallics and composites of such materials , that include forming laminae ; forming a stack of the laminae characterized as having a configuration from which a part is to be formed ; heating the stack to consolidation temperature , and applying pressure to the heated stack to consolidate the laminae in the stack . | 8 |
a device and software system with input and output capability for manipulating real and virtual objects in 3 - dimensional space . the device consists of a six degree - of - freedom mechanical armature that has sensors to determine the location and orientation of a stylus and planar surface . in the input mode , manipulation of the physical armature will result in a corresponding two - dimensional , virtual image of the stylus and surface on a computer screen . the armature also has motors to automatically change the armature location and orientation in order to generate a physical representation in the real world of the location and orientation of a virtual object . the armature is built so that it maintains balance at any location and orientation to statically maintain the armature location and orientation without drifting to a null rest position . | 0 |
<BR /> Aims: We investigated the theoretical biases affecting the asteroseismic grid-based estimates of stellar mass, radius, and age in the presence of a mismatch between the heavy element mixture of observed stars and stellar models. <BR /> Methods: We performed a controlled simulation adopting a stellar effective temperature, [Fe/H], an average large frequency spacing, and a frequency of maximum oscillation power as observational constraints. Synthetic stars were sampled from grids of stellar models computed with different [α/Fe] values from 0.0 to 0.4. The mass, radius, and age of these objects were then estimated by adopting a grid of models with a fixed [α/Fe] value of 0.0. The experiment was repeated assuming different sets of observational uncertainties. In the reference scenario, we adopted an uncertainty of 1.5% in seismic parameters, 50 K in effective temperature, and 0.05 dex in [Fe/H]. A higher uncertainty in the atmospheric constraints was also adopted in order to explore the impact on the precision of the observations of the estimated stellar parameters. <BR /> Results: Our Monte Carlo experiment showed that estimated parameters are biased up to 3% in mass, 1.5% in radius, and 4% in age when the reference uncertainty scenario was adopted. These values correspond to 45%, 48%, and 16% of the estimated uncertainty in the stellar parameters. These non-negligible biases in mass and radius disappear when adopting larger observational uncertainties because of the possibility of the fitting algorithm exploring a wider range of possible solutions. However, in this scenario, the age is significantly biased by −8%. Finally, we verified that the stellar mass, radius, and age can be estimated with a high accuracy by adopting a grid with the incorrect value of [α/Fe] if the metallicity [Fe/H] of the target is adjusted to match the Z in the fitting grid. In this scenario, the maximum bias in the age was reduced to 1.5%. | 9 |
a system is disclosed for implementing a technique for idling a diesel engine . the system comprises an engine controller , an air temperature sensor , and an engine speed sensor . the air temperature sensor provides a first signal indicative of an internal temperature of an intake manifold in fluid communication with the diesel engine . the engine speed sensor provides a second signal indicative of a rotational speed of a crankshaft of the diesel engine . in response to various other signals collectively indicating the diesel engine is idling , the engine controller controls the supply of fuel to the diesel engine as a function of the first signal . when the first signal is below a temperature level , engine controller supplies fuel to each combustion chamber of the diesel engine for a fixed period of time to achieve a desired range of rotational speeds of the crankshaft as indicated by the second signal . thereafter , the engine controller supplies fuel to a subset of the combustion chambers to achieve a higher range of rotational speeds of the crankshaft as indicated by the second signal . when the first signal is at or above the temperature level , engine controller supplies fuel to each combustion chamber of the diesel engine to achieve a desired range of rotational speeds of the crankshaft as indicated by the second signal . | 5 |
a circuit and a method for biasing a compound cascode current mirror that enables high - voltage swing at the output and accurate current mirroring is presented . the cccm has mirror transistors and cascode transistors which may be of a different technology kind . the drain - source voltage vds of the mirror transistor on the input leg of the cccm is held at a voltage vov that is generated by the biasing circuit ; vov is the overdrive voltage of the input mirror transistor of the cccm and the value of vov is maintained by the bias circuit and a feed - back amplifier such that the mirror transistor remains on the edge of its active region , over manufacture deviations and tracks even over operational conditions such as temperature and supply variations . the feed - back amplifier drives the gates of the cascode transistors and uses its feedback node to hold the vds at vov . | 6 |
devices , systems and methods for compressing , cutting , incising , reconfiguring , remodeling , attaching , repositioning , supporting , dislocating or altering the composition of tissues or anatomical structures to alter their positional or force relationship to other tissues or anatomical structures . in some applications , the invention may be used to used to improve patency or fluid flow through a body lumen or cavity . | 0 |
a multi - functional apparatus of all - in - one type has a plurality of functions and comprises a plurality of devices having respective functions , a designation device for designating one of the functions , where each function utilizes at least one of the plurality of devices , and a controller for controlling at least one of the plurality of devices for execution of the designated one function . a management device manages information that specifies an external apparatus from which an extension program is to be acquired for execution of the designated one function , and an acquisition device acquires the extension program from the specified external apparatus based on the managed information for extension of the functions of the multi - functional apparatus . | 7 |
a building material prepared by combining a cementitious slurry with an uncured foamed resin and allowing the mixture to cure and harden . the resulting product is primarily cementitious material held in position with a hardened resin binder . | 2 |
an easily attachable , washable food , utensil and debris catcher device is easily fitted to all types of commercially available high chairs using a wide variety of attachment structures and operates to hold any small items or food spilled in the area of the child &# 39 ; s seat and legs which would otherwise pass through to the floor . the catcher is designed to be attached to and detached from the high chair quickly and easily , yet can be attached for long periods of time especially where it is employed to catch dry objects such as toys or dry food such as whole peas or cereal . the catcher can be made from a wide range of material and can employ a wide range of attachment systems , including snap members , hook and loop members , hook and eyelet members , and latch members to name a few . construction of the catcher is illustrated as well as variations in the construction which may enable the shape of the deployed catcher to be altered as well as one and two ply versions . | 0 |
a price maintenance system and method in which price information entered into or read from a price - lookup file is shared to avoid price mismatch . the price - lookup file and price changes to the price - lookup file are shared by a point - of - service system including a bar code scanner , and a routine for printing labels . the system includes a computer coupled to the point - of - service system which updates the prices within the price - lookup file and sends the updated prices to the label printing routine for printing by a printing system . an electronic shelf label system may also share the price - lookup file and price changes to the price - lookup file . | 6 |
according to the invention , a multilayered image sensor is back mounted to a plate , and the plate in turn , is installed in a holding pocket of a device . in that the scheme takes advantage of a high controllability of a mounting plate &# 39 ; s thickness , the mounting scheme provides a tight control of holding forces with which an image sensor is secured in an imaging device . in that the scheme provides for back mounting of image sensor on a planar surface , the mounting system provides tight control of an imaging assembly &# 39 ; s pixel plane to fixed point in space distance . | 6 |
a remotely - controlled unmanned mobile device adapted to function as a robot scout to enter and reconnoiter the site of a disaster and to communicate to a rescue mission information regarding conditions prevailing at the site , making it possible for the mission to decide on rescue measures appropriate to these conditions . the umd is operable in either of two modes . in its air - mobility mode the umd is able to vertically take off and land , to fly to the site and then hover thereover . in its ground - mobility mode , the umd can walk on legs over difficult terrain and through wrecked structures and ruins . the umd is provided with condition - sensitive sensors for gathering data regarding conditions prevailing at the site , and position - sensitive sensors for avoiding obstacles in the path of the walking umd , thereby assuring safe mobility . other sensors govern geo - referenced navigation and flight control functions . | 1 |
a keyboard type electronic musical instrument in which note data and duration data are read out from a memory in accordance with the progress of a musical piece , and a control circuit turns on display devices provided for individual keys on a keyboard in response to note data , thus training a player to operate keys specified by the display devices . the control circuit counts each instance of noncoincidence between a key represented by the note data and an operated key on the keyboard , and obtains deviations between a key operation timing defined by duration data and the timing of key operation on the keyboard . after the end of a performance , the control circuit informs the player of the number of the mis - key operations or the accumulation of key operation timing deviations by means of the display devices . a number of display devices corresponding to the accuracy of the performance are lit . | 6 |
this invention relates to an air conditioning apparatus and in particular to one including a compressor , an evaporator , a cooling fan , a low pressure pipe , a high pressure pipe , a radiator , a cooling motor , and a condenser . the apparatus is characterized in that the heat exchanging efficiency between the cooling water and the refrigerant is highly enhanced , thereby intensifying the cooling effect and increasing the temperature of the cooling water flowing out of the apparatus to an acceptable degree for residential hot water . further the radiator may be separated from the apparatus thus making it suitable for use in varied applications . | 5 |
this paper feeding mechanism comprises a first spring for biasing a stack of paper against a belt for driving one or two sheets of paper from the stack toward a gap which is slightly larger than the width of one sheet of paper , and a second spring for flattening the selected sheet or sheets against the belt just prior to entering the gap . the belt is held solidly in position by a backing teflon block to form one side of the gap , and a sharp edge that is positionally adjustable forms the other side . the sharp edge is rounded slightly to compensate for the possibility of mechanical inaccuracies , and the second spring presses the paper against the belt just prior to the knife edge for more reliable operation with stiff paper . | 1 |
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