text
stringlengths 12
51.9k
| label
int64 0
9
|
|---|---|
providing quality of service for applications such as voice over ip and enforcing service level agreements are major requirement in any current and future communication networks . on the other hand , more communication networks are employing adaptive transmission mechanisms , such as dvb - s2 acm in satellite communication networks . in non - adaptive networks , qos enforcers use static bit rate configurations . however , using a static bit rate configuration in an adaptive network may result in underflow situations , during which it may not be possible to utilize the full capacity of the transmission channel and expensive resources may therefore be wasted , in addition , using a static bit rate configuration in an adaptive network may result in overflow situations , during which it may be necessary to drop user traffic packets and therefore quality of service may not be maintained . it is therefore imperative that qos enforcers have knowledge of the network &# 39 ; s available bit rate at all times . this invention describes a method for achieving exactly that . | 7 |
the horizontal conveyor of an ice re - surfacing machine implements auger flights in which successive half circles of the flight have slightly different radii . the successive contact of larger and smaller radius flights against ice building up in front of the horizontal conveyor breaks up and dissipates the ice . | 1 |
Massive black holes are fundamental constituents of our cosmos, from the Big Bang to today. Understanding their formation from cosmic dawn, their growth, and the emergence of the first, rare quasars in the early Universe remains one of our greatest theoretical and observational challenges. Hydrodynamic cosmological simulations self-consistently combine the processes of structure formation at cosmological scales with the physics of smaller, galaxy scales. They capture our most realistic understanding of massive black holes and their connection to galaxy formation and have become the primary avenue for theoretical research in this field. The space-based gravitational wave interferometer, LISA, will open up new investigations into the dynamical processes involving massive black holes. Multi-messenger astrophysics brings new exciting prospects for tracing the origin, growth and merger history of massive black holes across cosmic ages. | 9 |
a photometer for measuring electromagnetic radiation absorption of a sample utilizing a source of the electromagnetic radiation . electromagnetic radiation is conducted from the source , to a sample sensor , and is passed through the sample utilizing a sample cell . the electromagnetic radiation is then directed to a detection system which determines absorbance of electromagnetic radiation by the sample at the sample cell . the detection system includes a beam splitter which receives the electromagnetic radiation and outputs first and second beams . a first detector having a first wavelength filter and a second detector having a second wavelength filter receives the two beams from the splitters . one detector may be employed to produce a reference signal . the remaining detector or detectors produce an output signal which is a representation of a characteristic , such as absorbance of the sample . the output signals are operated on by a reference signal , and converted into a measurement absorbance . | 6 |
electrodes and circuitry for monitoring and stimulating the exterior of the human body , comprising delivering stimulation pulses to stimulation electrodes applied to the exterior of the body , detecting an electrical potential at monitoring electrodes applied to the exterior of the body , positioning at least a first and second monitoring electrode at locations at which an electrical artifact caused by the electrical stimulation pulses is substantially cancelled in a signal formed from the electrical potentials detected at the first and second monitoring electrodes . | 0 |
disclosed are a 3 - furyl - 2 - cyano - 2 - acrylamide derivative with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitory activity and pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof , together with preparation method thereof , pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound , and application of the compound in treating senile dementia . the new compound is shown as formula i , wherein r 1 is selected from the group consisting of h , c 1 - c 6 alkyl , c 2 - c 6 alkenyl , c 2 - c 6 alkynyl and c 3 - c 6 cycloalkyl ; r 2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl , cycloalkyl , alkenyl , alkynyl , aryl , heteroaryl , aralkyl and heteroaralkyl ; x is selected from the group consisting of ch 2 , nh , o and s ; m and n are all integers greater than or equal to zero . | 2 |
apparatus and method for reducing clock skew . a compensator is connected to receive an unconnected clock signal and delay the clock signal in accordance with a skew control voltage . the skew control voltage is derived from the signal to noise ratio of an analog signal produced by a device controlled by the clock signal . the skew control voltage changes stepwise maintaining the system signal to noise at a minimum by reducing the clock skew . | 7 |
a beverage dispensing apparatus is adapted to mix together a concentrate fluid with a base fluid . the apparatus comprises a cool fluid trunk line carrying the base fluid , a manifold , an in line and an out line extending between the cool fluid trunk and the manifold , a python and a bar gun assembly fluidly connected to the downstream side of the manifold by means of a plurality of conduits contained in the python , wherein the apparatus includes a recirculation channel having an inlet port and an outlet port , wherein the inlet and outlet ports of the recirculation channel are fluidly connected to respective in and out conduits in the python , the said in and out conduits being fluidly connected respectively to the in line and the out line of the cool fluid trunk line via the manifold , the beverage dispensing apparatus further including a plurality of product lines , a mixing means and a dispensing outlet , wherein the insulation material extends beyond the end of the outer sheath via the manifold , at least one of the product lines is fluidly connected to a source of concentrate and at least one of the product lines is fluidly connected to a source of base fluid . | 1 |
the present invention relates to all terrain vehicles having at least a pair of laterally spaced apart seating surfaces . more particularly , the present invention relates to side - by - side all terrain vehicles having plural rows of seats . | 8 |
The recent discovery of high-redshift dusty galaxies implies a rapid dust enrichment of their interstellar medium (ISM). To interpret these observations, we run a cosmological simulation in a 30 h<SUP>-1</SUP> cMpc/size volume down to z ≈ 4. We use the hydrodynamical code dustygadget, which accounts for the production of dust by stellar populations and its evolution in the ISM. We find that the cosmic dust density parameter (Ω<SUB>d</SUB>) is mainly driven by stellar dust at z ≳ 10, so that mass- and metallicity-dependent yields are required to assess the dust content in the first galaxies. At z ≲ 9, the growth of grains in the ISM of evolved systems [log(M<SUB>⋆</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) > 8.5] significantly increases their dust mass, in agreement with observations in the redshift range 4 ≲ z < 8. Our simulation shows that the variety of high-redshift galaxies observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array can naturally be accounted for by modelling the grain growth time-scale as a function of the physical conditions in the gas cold phase. In addition, the trends of dust-to-metal and dust-to-gas (D) ratios are compatible with the available data. A qualitative investigation of the inhomogeneous dust distribution in a representative massive halo at z ≈ 4 shows that dust is found from the central galaxy up to the closest satellites along polluted filaments with log(D) ≤ -2.4, but sharply declines at distances d ≳ 30 kpc along many lines of sight, where log(D) ≲ -4.0. | 9 |
Shell-type supernova remnants (SNRs) are considered prime candidates for the acceleration of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) up to the knee of the CR spectrum at E ≈ 3 × 10<SUP>15</SUP> eV. Our Milky Way galaxy hosts more than 350 SNRs discovered at radio wavelengths and at high energies, of which 220 fall into the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey (HGPS) region. Of those, only 50 SNRs are coincident with a H.E.S.S source and in 8 cases the very high-energy (VHE) emission is firmly identified as an SNR. The H.E.S.S. GPS provides us with a legacy for SNR population study in VHE γ-rays and we use this rich data set to extract VHE flux upper limits from all undetected SNRs. Overall, the derived flux upper limits are not in contradiction with the canonical CR paradigm. Assuming this paradigm holds true, we can constrain typical ambient density values around shell-type SNRs to n ≤ 7 cm<SUP>-3</SUP> and electron-to-proton energy fractions above 10 TeV to ɛ<SUB>ep</SUB> ≤ 5 × 10<SUP>-3</SUP>. Furthermore, comparisons of VHE with radio luminosities in non-interacting SNRs reveal a behaviour that is in agreement with the theory of magnetic field amplification at shell-type SNRs. | 9 |
optical fibers in long line communication links fail often in tensile strength . analysis of tensile properties reveals a variation in tensile strength with fiber length , pointing to uncommon structural defects randomly occurring along the fiber length . failures occur from crack propagation at these defects . the defects can be revealed according to the invention by nondestructive monitoring during production via off - plane light scattering . a narrow light beam incident across the fiber diameter is refracted in a pattern characteristic of the fiber geometry . variations in that pattern are produced by structural variations in the fiber or by surface contamination . the nature of the pattern change can indicate the type of defect . | 6 |
a fuel pump assembly has a pump mounted to an electric motor by a spring clamp device preferably having a plurality of arms spaced circumferentially around the pump and extending axially generally parallel to an axis of rotation of the motor , from a common base member . the base member is preferably received by the motor , and each arm preferably has a clip which projects radially inward to contact an outboard end face of the pump . the clips are preferably disengageable from the pump and exert a controlled force on the pump , thus producing a consistent and controlled clamping force across the housing encasement to eliminate any potential distortion of the preferably plastic housing . | 5 |
a virtual coherent signal controlled laser oscillator for use in optical phase locked coherent receivers . the present invention employs a fixed laser oscillator in combination with a signal controlled microwave oscillator . a single sideband mixer processes the signals output by the laser oscillator and microwave oscillator to generate a single controlled optical frequency signal . | 7 |
an image data analysis security camera having internal logic circuits and remote user controls . the image data analysis security camera samples an initial image and compares subsequent images thereto , if a deviation between the two images is detected the image data analysis camera will initiate a remote alarm . the image data analysis security camera may also be provided with wireless communication capabilities and an internal battery thereby enabling the user to move the camera to another location quickly and easily . | 6 |
methods , systems , and apparatus , including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium , for presenting spelling suggestions . in one aspect , a method includes receiving first search results for a first search query and a plurality of spelling suggestions for a first term in the first search query , wherein the first search results are provided by a search engine as a response to the first search query ; displaying the plurality of spelling suggestions and the first search results in a user interface ; receiving a user input selecting one of the plurality of spelling suggestions ; transmitting data identifying the selected spelling suggestion to request second search results for a second search query comprising the selected spelling suggestion from the search engine ; and displaying the second search results in place of the first search results in the user interface . | 6 |
for the manufacture of quickly drying dip coats whose drying time is comparable to the drying time of shells produced on the basis of alcoholic binders , the process uses as a binder for the dip a dispersion of aqueous colloidal silica sol to which synthetic high polymers and / or an emulsion from the group of silicon - organic compounds is formed which after drying is impermeable to water but permeable to water vapor . | 2 |
a method for changing the spin rate of a spinning spacecraft having a dynamic balancing mechanism which utilizes the communications channel between the spacecraft and the receiving terminal , the master index pulse generator on the spacecraft , and the spacecraft axial thrusters . to change the spin rate , a dynamic imbalance of a known wobble angle and phase is introduced by the dynamic balancing mechanism . an axial thruster is then fired for a predetermined time interval thereby coupling a portion of the axial thrust force into the rotational energy of the spinning body . | 1 |
the present invention relates to a military stretcher system . the system includes a military hand - carried stretcher . an adaptor is provided for adapting the stretcher to fasten to a military transportation stretcher holder , typically used on vessels and in vehicles and in aircraft . advantageously , the adaptor may adapt the stretcher to fasten to the holder conventionally used to hold a known nato type stretcher . | 0 |
We present a new method to characterize unresolved point sources (PSs) generalizing traditional template fits to account for non-Poissonian photon statistics. We apply this method to Fermi Large Area Telescope γ -ray data to characterize PS populations at high latitudes and in the Inner Galaxy. We find that PSs (resolved and unresolved) account for ∼50 % of the total extragalactic γ -ray background in the energy range ∼1.9 to 11.9 GeV. Within 10° of the Galactic Center with |b |≥2 ° , we find that ∼5 %- 10 % of the flux can be accounted for by a population of unresolved PSs distributed consistently with the observed ∼GeV γ -ray excess in this region. The excess is fully absorbed by such a population, in preference to dark-matter annihilation. The inferred source population is dominated by near-threshold sources, which may be detectable in future searches. | 9 |
this invention relates to a process and a device for automatically delivering and retrieving singular medication from a plurality of containers or product blister packages , storing and recording medication transactions for each patient , and the crushing of designated medications . this invention also relates to medication control , delivery , consumption verification and monitoring within institutional entities . | 6 |
stress induced grain boundary movement in aluminum lines used as connections in integrated circuits is substantially avoided by doping the aluminum with iron . through this expedient not only is grain boundary movement avoided but electromigration problems are also decreased . | 7 |
the present invention provides a barricade sign that is compact , portable , safe , durable , versatile , and weather / wind resistant . the barricade sign distinguishes a base and a lid that are pivotally connected together . the base supports the lid and has a compartment for storing one or more safety cones or signs that can be reduced to a small volume , or any other items related to road safety . one side of the lid has a positioning element for securing the cones in place . the other side implements a desired sign . the connection between the base and the lid is configured to hold up the sign in a stable , sustainable , wind resisting manner in absence of impact and to collapse , fold , close , or break upon impact . in such an encounter , the overall height and the layered or curved shape enable the barricade sign to act like a speed bump , thereby minimizing or eliminating damages . | 4 |
a computer - implemented technique for managing large results sets returned from a data request for a database . the technique comprises retrieving the primary keys responsive to the data request and sub - setting of the primary keys returned into at least one subset list . the data is then retrieved on a second pass of the database retrieving data from the database using the primary keys of the at least one subset list . data retrieval is selectively repeated as required until all requested data has been retrieved . the technique is implemented within a framework . the framework comprises an interface defining a desired protocol of behaviour using common methods and an abstraction of the interface implementing the common methods as defined by the interface . call back methods provide access to the framework by the primary keys . | 8 |
an ultrasonic transducer for sensing liquid within an article , such as a vassel or pipe , without contacting the liquid has a body , a sealed capsule of a flexible material containing a liquid capable of transmitting ultrasonic energy carried by the body from which a head portion of the capsule extends to contact a wall of the article . within the body is a piezo - electric element in contact with a portion of the sealed capsule to transmit ultrasonic energy to and receive energy from the liquid in said capsule as it passes through the capsule head without the need for a coupling compound . | 6 |
a water skiing disk that is used by a water skier at slow speeds does not require bindings or other similar types of foot constraints and has a large exterior diameter dimension to hold up one or more skiers on the water at slow speeds while being light weight and easily transported by a single person . | 1 |
a system for targeting advertising can include a communications interface and a processor . the communications interface can receive data associated with times of use of applications . the processor can be communicatively coupled to the communications interface and can categorize the applications by genres . the categorization is within a time of use group and is based on at least part of the retrieved data . the processor can also determine priority values associated with the genres based on levels of use of the applications during a period of time associated with the time of use group . the processor can also identify a current time and determine an advertisement according to at least one genre of the genres . the at least one genre can be associated with a highest priority value of the determined priority values . the period associated with the time of use group can correspond to the identified current time . | 6 |
method for determining the phosphorus content of an aqueous sample , in particular drainage - water sample , wherein the sample is subjected to thermal - oxidative decomposition and the orthophosphate content of the decomposed sample is determined photometrically in an aqueous analysis solution , such that the thermal decomposition is carried out in a single step by catalyzer - free burning of the sample as batch - decomposition in a combustion oven , the resulting combustion gas is transferred out of the combustion oven in a carrier - gas stream and the combustion / carrier gas stream is cooled to obtain the aqueous analysis solution as a condensate therefrom . | 6 |
a method to achieve multiple threshold voltage devices on the same semiconductor chip is disclosed . the method provides different threshold voltage devices using threshold voltage adjusting materials and a subsequent drive in anneal instead of directly doping the channel . as such , the method of the present disclosure avoids short channel penalties . additionally , no ground plane / back gates are utilized in the present application thereby the method of the present disclosure can be easily integrated into current complementary metal oxide semiconductor processing technology . | 7 |
systems and methods are provided for performing diagnostic testing for multiple motor drives operating in parallel . in one embodiment , the diagnostic testing may involve determining which of the multiple motor drives are in operation and communicating the active configuration of motor drives to testing circuitry . the testing circuitry generates an enable input signal transmitted to the transistor gates in each of the active motor drives . the testing circuitry also generates a power supply input signal transmitted to a dc to dc converter in each of the active motor drives . the responses to the enable input signal and the power supply input signal are measured to determine safety compliance . | 7 |
the flexible packaging composites include one or more mineral - containing layers with a thermoplastic bonding agent . in addition to the mineral - containing layer , the composite can contain one or more non - mineral containing layers , including various combinations of extruded resins , cast or blown films , and fibers . the mineral - containing layer is substantially and continuously bonded to the other layers . the polymer , fiber , and mineral containing layers can be shaped , sized and manufactured such that composite structure formed is subsequently machined to form a storage article . the composite structure has advantages including a high degree of pliability and flexibility , a minimum 37 dyne level on the surface of the mineral - containing layer ; a mineral - containing layer that is highly 86 opaque , and has a bright , white printing surface that readily accepts coating and inks , therefore , rendering it highly attractive to consumers . | 1 |
an inorganic ion - exchanger supported on a carrier suitable for recovery of useful resources in sea water , removal of impurities from high temperature boiler water in nuclear reactors or industrial boilers , removal of impurities in industrial waste water , etc . is prepared by supporting an active component of inorganic ion exchanger , such as hydrous oxide of metal , for example , titanium , zirconium , etc . on a porous carrier such as alumina , silica , or activated carbon , where a ph of a solution in contact with the active component and the carrier is adjusted so that the active component and the carrier can have zeta potentials of opposite polarities to each other , and an inorganic ion - exchanger having a larger amount of the supported active component and firmly supporting less bleedable active component can be obtained by setting out a supporting condition on the basis of the polarity of zeta potential . | 8 |
this invention discloses a portable communication apparatus having an optical character recognition function . the apparatus at least contains an optical input unit , a processing unit and an edition unit . after the optical input unit obtains the image information which is further transformed by the processing unit to letters which can be processed by the portable communication apparatus , the edition unit then can edit and / or store the letters into the portable communication apparatus to finish the ocr function . | 6 |
an inventive method is presented for resource security in a database management system having a plurality of resources , the method comprising creating a macro and a corresponding data section definition defining security for each resource , assembling all of the dsects into a load module , processing the load module to obtain source code , and assembling the source code , such that changing the source code of one resource modifies the defined security of the resource and adding new source code to the source code adds a new resource having security to the plurality of resources . the processing step can comprise loading the load module , reading a dsect having a total number of resources , and , for each resource of the total number of resources , reading a next dsect , finding the defined security in the next dsect , and obtaining the source code associated with the defined security . | 6 |
flow measuring apparatus comprising a probe coupled via a coaxial cable to control circuitry with a current to voltage convertor , absolute value circuit , auto zero switch and integration and voltage to current circuit yielding an analog output , corresponding to flow at the probe . | 6 |
a content recording system receives signals broadcast from one or more satellites and / or one or more land - based transmitters . the received content is initially recorded on a rolling recording medium . upon actuation of a “ buy ” button or switch information pertaining to the selected content is displayed . upon a second actuation of a “ buy ” button or switch the selected content is transferred from the rolling recording medium to a permanent recording medium . the system automatically compensates owners of copyrights in the selected content upon permanent recording thereof . | 7 |
disclosed is a method and apparatus for sampling and determining the presence of certain substances , such as residues of contaminants in containers . the method includes steps of : injecting compressed air into said containers in order to displace at least a portion of the contents thereof ; evacuating a sample of the container contents so displaced by applying suction thereto ; and analyzing the sample evacuated to determine the presence or absence of the certain residues therein . the compressed air is injected through a nozzle into an opening in the containers to displace a portion of the container contents and form a sample cloud outside of the container . the sample cloud is then at least partially evacuated by suction and the sample is analyzed for the presence of contaminants such as nitrogen containing compounds or hydrocarbons . the sample cloud may be split into first and second portions . contaminants in the first portion are detected by a chemiluminescence detector and the second portion by a pulsed fluorescence detector . | 8 |
StrayCats, the catalog of NuSTAR stray light observations, contains data from bright X-ray sources that fall within crowded source regions. These observations offer unique additional data with which to monitor sources such as X-ray binaries that show variable timing behavior. In this work, we present a timing analysis of stray light data of the high-mass X-ray binary SMC X-1, the first scientific analysis of a single source from the StrayCats project. We describe the process of screening stray light data for scientific analysis, verify the orbital ephemeris, and create both time- and energy-resolved pulse profiles. We find that the orbital ephemeris of SMC X-1 is unchanged and confirm a long-term spin-up rate of $\dot{\nu }=(2.52\pm 0.03)\times {10}^{-11}$ Hz s<SUP>-1</SUP>. We also note that the shape of SMC X-1's pulse profile, while remaining double peaked, varies significantly with time and only slightly with energy. | 9 |
apparatus and methods useful for transforming exterior or interior walls , roofs , ceilings , and other surfaces of portable restrooms and other temporary , portable , or otherwise movable structures 10 into advertising billboards 26 , 80 . | 6 |
Context. Hypervelocity stars (HVSs) unbound to the Galaxy can be formed with extreme stellar interactions, for example close encounters with supermassive black holes or in massive star clusters, supernova explosions in binary systems, or the stripping of dwarf galaxies. Observational evidence comes from measurements of radial velocities (RVs) of objects crossing the outer Galactic halo and of tangential velocities based on high proper motions (HPMs) and distances of relatively nearby stars. <BR /> Aims: I searched for new nearby HVS candidates and reviewed known objects using their Gaia astrometric measurements. <BR /> Methods: Candidates were selected with significant Gaia parallaxes of >0.1mas, proper motions of >20 mas yr<SUP>−1</SUP>, and computed galactocentric tangential velocities vtan_g>500 km s<SUP>−1</SUP>. The DR2 and DR3 samples of several thousand HVS candidates were studied with respect to their proper motions, sky distribution, number of observations, location in crowded fields, colour-magnitude diagrams, selection effects with magnitude, and RVs in DR3. The 72 most extreme (vtan_g>700 km s<SUP>−1</SUP>) and nearest (within 4kpc) DR3 HVS candidates were investigated with respect to detected close neighbours, flags, and astrometric quality parameters of objects of similar magnitudes in DR3. The quality checks involved HPM objects in a global comparison and all objects in the vicinity of each target. <BR /> Results: Spurious HPMs in the Galactic centre region led to false HVS interpretations in Gaia DR2 and are still present in DR3, although to a lesser extent. Otherwise there is good agreement between the HPMs of HVS candidates in DR2 and DR3. However, HVS candidates selected from DR2 tend to have larger parallaxes, and hence lower tangential velocities in DR3. Most DR3 RVs are much lower than the tangential velocities, indicating that the DR3 HVS candidates are still affected by underestimated parallaxes. None of the 72 extreme nearby DR3 HVS candidates, including three D<SUP>6</SUP> stars, passed all the quality checks. Their tangential velocities may turn out to be lower, but at least some of them still appear unbound to the Galaxy. | 9 |
a communication system is provided for communication between network nodes and a communication controller that provides for request timeslot management . in the network , when an individual node has data to transmit , the node transmits a request signal to the communication controller over an assigned timeslot . the timeslots are assigned to individual ones of the nodes , and the timeslots assigned recur in a repeating fashion . if a timeslot is unused for a predetermined period of time , such as when a node is turned off or simply has no data to transmit , the timeslot is either eliminated or reassigned . eliminated timeslots reduce unnecessary time delay before request timeslots recur . | 7 |
targeted eye drop dispenser having concentric target rings of highly colored material aligned over and about the dispensing orifice . highly visible material target rings aid in alignment of the dispensing orifice over the center of the human eye for self - dispensing of eye drops by the user of the targeted eye drop dispenser . an alternative embodiment includes a lighted target area . | 0 |
an offshore submersible jacket assembly having bouyancy means at the lower portion of the jacket support legs . relatively short pile sleeves are attached in a cluster to a support leg by shear plates extending generally along the length of the pile sleeves , each sleeve being connected to the leg by a pair of spaced shear plates . upper and lower transverse plates seal off the ends of the spaced shear plates , creating airtight compartments . | 4 |
the present invention provides a medical instrument which is capable of reducing damage , such as cutting of a wire , to the medical instrument even if excessively large load is applied to an inserting portion . a medical instrument including : a deformable portion ; a wire configured to deform the deformable portion ; a driving unit configured to drive the wire ; a drive control unit configured to control the driving unit ; and a load detecting unit configured to detect load applied to the deformable portion , wherein when the load detected by the load detecting unit exceeds a threshold value , the drive control unit controls the driving unit to retain posture of the deformable portion . | 0 |
presented are ways to address the problem of replication competent adenovirus in adenoviral production for use with , for example , gene therapy . packaging cells having no overlapping sequences with a selected vector and are suited for large scale production of recombinant adenoviruses . a method of the invention produces adenovirus incapable of replicating . the method includes a primary cell containing a nucleic acid based on or derived from adenovirus and an isolated recombinant nucleic acid molecule for transfer into the primary cell . the isolated recombinant nucleic acid molecule is based on or derived from an adenovirus , and further has at least one functional encapsidating signal , and at least one functional inverted terminal repeat . the isolated recombinant nucleic acid molecule lacks overlapping sequences with the nucleic acid of the cell . otherwise , the overlapping sequences would enable homologous recombination leading to replication competent adenovirus in the primary cell into which the isolated recombinant nucleic acid molecule is to be transferred . | 2 |
a remote gateway and method for managing a network of utility meters , the remote gateway forming part of a system comprising one or more utility management components , a plurality of local gateways each adapted to communicate with one or more utility devices , the remote gateway comprising logic configured to communicate utility data between the plurality of local gateways and the one or more utility management components over one or more secured wide area networks , wans . manage digital certificates for certifying the communicated utility data . | 7 |
a multi - wing , multi - engine , multi - hull amphibious aircraft is disclosed . in the illustrative embodiment , the aircraft has an open frame structure without a fuselage . | 1 |
retinyl hydroxyesters and retinyl oligo - hydroxyesters were prepared using a chemoenzymatic process from retinol and short chain esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids or short chain esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids . the presence of the hydroxyl group on the acid can result in a mixture of esters from various oligomers of the hydroxycarboxylic acid . the retinyl ester products are readily enzymatically hydrolyzed in vitro , which indicates that application to the skin should result in release of the anti - aging ingredient retinol along with the acid , which , if chosen appropriately , should also have desirable biological effects . this combination should be effective as an anti - aging skin care ingredient . | 2 |
the adage “ photos don &# 39 ; t lie ” is no longer reliable . the advent of digital editing tools makes it relatively easy to move , add , or delete features from photographs . other digital content is similarly susceptible to alteration . this problem is at least partially overcome by providing a photograph with supplemental data . this supplemental data is below a threshold of human perception yet can extend throughout the image . if a version of the image is thereafter encountered with the supplemental data missing or attenuated , the image is known to have been altered . by reference to such supplemental data , it is often possible to identify particular regions within the image that have been altered . | 6 |
a coaxial valve includes a valve box having an inlet opening , an outlet opening , and a common flow channel . an axially movable cylindrical valve casing has an opening for a fluid inlet port and an opening for a fluid outlet port , both of which are joined up in the flow channel . a coaxially positioned shutoff mechanism located inside the valve box closes off the inlet port or the outlet port of the valve casing . to provide for axial movement , the valve casing has at least one external circular groove . the drive casing has at least one inner circular groove , which is adapted to the outer circular groove so that the inner and outer grooves are engaged , via inside ball bearings , to create a ball planetary gear and ball rotary spindle drive . the drive casing is turnable and forced to turn by a drive motor inside of the valve box . | 5 |
a process for making pbz fibers of ultra - high physical properties is given . polybenzoxazole fibers made by the process of this invention have tensile strengths nearly double in value from what has been reported previously . | 3 |
a bicycle antitheft device includes an antitheft mechanism switchable between an antitheft state and a release state , wherein the antitheft mechanism includes a first member that moves relative to a second member to move the bicycle forward and backward . a movement controlling mechanism hinders the first member from moving relative to the second member when the antitheft mechanism is in the antitheft state , and a selection mechanism is provided for selecting one of the antitheft state and the release state . alternatively , the antitheft mechanism may include a sound generator for generating a sound when the first member moves relative to the second member and the antitheft mechanism is in the antitheft state . the movement controlling mechanism and the sound generator may be combined into a single antitheft mechanism . the movement controlling mechanism and / or sound generator may be installed inside of an internal transmission such as a hub or crank transmission , or they could be installed inside a handlebar control for the transmission . | 1 |
an electrophotographic liquid developer is disclosed . the developer is comprised of resin particles dispersed in a high - insulating low dielectric non - aqueous solvent . the resin particles are prepared by polymerizing or copolymerizing a specific styrenic monomer in an organic solvent containing a polymer which is substantially soluble in the organic solvent . the liquid developer is particularly suitable for making a printing plate or sheet by an electrophotographic process . | 6 |
a process is presented for fabricating composite bodies of thermoplastic material including a foamed core bonded to a compatible thermoplastic sheet . a sheet of thermoplastic material is first preheated and then thermoformed on a first half - mould . the first half - mould with the thermoformed sheet is positioned opposite a second half - mould to form a hollow chamber therebetween . a foamable thermoplastic material containing one or more liquid hydrocarbons is injected into the hollow space at a temperature sufficiently high to permit the foamable material to expand and bond to the thermoformed sheet . | 8 |
a front opening wafer carrier formed principally of plastic and comprising an enclosure portion and door has a path to ground with respect to the wafers , the path to ground effectuated by the door . the base “ ground ” may be provided at the machine interface upon which the carrier sits , or through the robotic arm that grasps , operates and moves the door . | 7 |
a lock assembly including a lock bolt , a first hub , a first electrically powered hub locker assembly and a first manually driven assembly . the lock bolt is movable between a latching position and ah unlatching position . the first hub is adapted to move the lock bolt in response to movement of a first handle . the first electrically powered hub locker assembly is positionable to selectively prevent or allow movement of the lock bolt in response to torque being applied to the first handle . the first electrically powered hub locker assembly is connectable to a first power source . the first manually driven assembly is adapted for selectively preventing or allowing transmission of power from the first power source to the first electrically powered hub locker assembly . | 8 |
intravascular filters can include a filter membrane having a hydrophilic polymer coating on the filter membrane . the hydrophilic polymer coating can be on an inner surface , an outer surface or both an inner surface and an outer surface of the filter membrane . intravascular filters including a hydrophilic polymer coating may be considered as providing increased hemocompatibility , decreased risk of filter - induced thrombosis and reduced sheathing forces . | 0 |
disclosed herein describes an sers sensing substrate comprising upright metal nanostructures made by using oblique angle deposition collocating with self - rotation substrate , wherein said upright nanostructures include individual upright nanopillars and metal / dielectric multilayered upright nanopillar stacks . the sers sensing substrate exhibits higher and enhanced adsorption spectra for unpolarized incident rays in the visible and infrared wavelength regimes . | 8 |
a method of managing nested monitor locks in a computer program is provided for an application having at least a first thread and a second thread wherein a non - synchronized procedure is processed by the application . the first thread executes an outer software module while the second thread executes an inner software module . a processing state of the second thread code is preserved before the second thread is configured to release an outer monitor of the outer software module . the first thread acquires the outer monitor of the outer software module so that actions may be completed . upon completion of actions by the first thread , the outer monitor of the outer software module is released . the processing state of the second thread is restored , such that , actions of the second thread are allowed to be completed . | 6 |
an electrical socket includes a housing containing spring contacts having a spring geometry to accommodate stub - free insertion and extraction of leads and provide a tolerance accommodating spring action relative to contact post portions inserted into the apertures of a printed circuit board or the like . | 7 |
a portable oil field heater heats a liquid water - petroleum mixture by passing it through a single continuous path primary coil , and then a single continuous path secondary coil . the continuous path primary coil extends along the walls of the heater , and the secondary coil is a bundle above an lpg burner . the air for combustion is introduced from the top of the heater through false walls to beneath a false floor beneath the burner . thus , it is not necessary to have insulation along the sides of the heater ; thereby greatly reducing weight and maintenance . the safety of the unit is greatly improved by introducing the combustion air from a height well above the level of the burner . | 5 |
We present the kinematic results for the supernova remnant (SNR) CTB 1, obtained with the PUMA equipment of the 2.1-m telescope at San Pedro Mártir National Astronomical Observatory, Baja California, Mexico. The observations were made on the H α line using a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The kinematics derived from the Fabry-Perot velocity cubes allowed us to estimate a kinematic distance for this SNR. We estimate that CTB1 is about 3.8 kpc from the sun, corresponding to a linear diameter of 19 pc, with an expansion velocity of $286 \rm ~ km ~s^{-1}$. Additionally, we analyse the diffuse X-ray emission from CTB 1 using data from the XMM-Newton observatory. From the best fits to the spectrum of southwest and northeast regions, we obtained a hot plasma temperature $\sim 0.1-0.3 ~\rm keV$ with an overabundance in O and Ne and a lower abundance in Fe, which could be caused by a SNR with a stellar progenitor between 10 to $70 \, \rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$. The initial energy of the supernova explosion is estimated between (0.6-1.0) × 10<SUP>50</SUP> erg for soft X-ray emission. The X-ray emission also presents a non-thermal component of low surface brightness in the hard X-ray band. Images in radio and X-ray emission allow us to classify CTB 1 as mixed-morphology supernova type. The evolution models show that the cloudy ISM model is the only one that reproduces the mixed morphology type observed in the SNR CTB 1. | 9 |
an automation device includes a master module , and a slave unit having a slave modules , where an im module of the slave modules of the slave unit is connected to the master module via a bus , where each of the modules is parameterizable using a message transmitted to the im module by the master module , the message includes a data area for each of the slave modules for parameterization of each of the slave modules , and the message includes a data area for each slave module for its parameterization , wherein at least one default parameter data record is stored in at least one of the slave modules , and wherein a data record index , which is stored in that data area of the message which is provided for the at least one slave module is provided for accessing the at least one default parameter data record . | 6 |
Modelling the transport of cosmic rays (CRs) in the heliosphere represents a global challenge in the field of heliophysics, in that such a study, if it were to be performed from first principles, requires the careful modelling of both large scale heliospheric plasma quantities (such as the global structure of the heliosphere, or the heliospheric magnetic field) and small scale plasma quantities (such as various turbulence-related quantities). Here, recent advances in our understanding of the transport of galactic cosmic rays are reviewed, with an emphasis on new developments pertaining to their transport coefficients, with a special emphasis on novel theoretical and numerical simulation results, as well as the CR transport studies that employ them. Furthermore, brief reviews are given of recent progress in CR focused transport modelling, as well as the modelling of non-diffusive CR transport. | 9 |
MAD-X release 5.09.01 (2023.12.04) PTC: PR 1200 See more details in this presentation (J. M. Gray, L. Deniau) A flag has been added to ptc_setswitch called nocharge. ptcrbend and truerbend has been removed. Now we use true_rbend. Speed up of PTC fringe fields #1160. Removed sector_nmul_max inconsistency. Add warning for when sector_nmul_max is insufficient. Enabled integration order 8. Simplified MADX-PTC fringe map flags. Added many attributes to activate fringe and face maps. Un-negate the k0s component in the rfmultipole element. Properly weight the knl and ksl components in the rfmultipole element. Force the rfmultipole and crabcavity element to have to same attributes as the rfcavity element. Allowed use of all different types of rbend and therefore implement correct length scaling. Add solenoid compenent to multipole and force solenoid to act like a multipole when l=0. Add shortcuts for identity patches. Fix patch elements when using misalignments. Update documentation for these changes. Actions: PR 1202, PR 1203 Update the GitHub actions, add beta min max errors (J. M. Gray) PR 1178, Replace deprecated ::set-output () (T. Glasse) PR 1185 minor fix in numdiff to satisfy broken warnings in intel compiler (L. Deniau) Track: PR 1182 Fix thick dipole tracking Full Changelog: https://github.com/MethodicalAcceleratorDesign/MAD-X/compare/5.09.00...5.09.01 | 9 |
a defibrillator device is provided with a switch or proximity sensor adjacent a remote region on its casing or housing . the defibrillator changes its operational state when touched or handled , or when proximity is detected , so activating the device without requiring an operator to determine the location of an on / off switch . | 0 |
a method of treating or preventing human or mammalian cancer and tumor including administering to a patient or an animal in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition , a health product , or a food additive , including 1 -- 2 - isothiocyanatoalkyl - 1 - alkene . | 0 |
this invention relates to methods for making oxetan - 3 - ylmethanamines having the formula wherein r1 ? and r2 ? are as defined herein . the methods of the invention provide the compounds of formula in high yields and under conditions amenable for large - scale commercial production . | 2 |
a centrifugal pump conveys a fluid from a rotor wheel inlet opening via a rotor wheel outlet opening into a pressure nozzle . the fluid has a velocity profile between the outer flow line and the inner flow line . the method allows a fluid to be conveyed with a centrifugal pump in such a manner that the velocity profile is continuously changed in dependence on the delivery flow which means that an abrupt change of the velocity profile when transferring from one load condition , e . g . at maximum efficiency , to another load condition , e . g . a partially loaded region , is avoided which results in a stable h / q )- characteristic . | 5 |
the present invention teaches methods for using a point - and - click interface to allow developers to create visual relationships between apis and gui components . further , the present invention uses interactive machine learning to learn from developer actions . the present invention will assist developers by providing recommendations on how their application should compile to a target platform . developers may then configure their app and its connection to apis directly from the present invention &# 39 ; s point - and - click interface . the invention also teaches methods for visual recognition of data structures to allow sections of data to be targeted by a system that matches targeted data to a gui component . the visual recognition system allows any type of data to move between systems and have required protocols applied at run time instead of during development in the way traditional software works . | 7 |
a corrosion - resistant member includes a substrate made of an aluminum - containing ceramic material and an aluminum fluorine containing film which coats at least a part of a surface of the substrate . the aluminum fluorine - containing film , which is formed by directly contacting the substrate with a fluorine - containing compound , has a thickness of 0 . 01 - 5 . 0 μm . the substrate contains silicon in an amount of not more than 0 . 5 % by weight when calculated as silicon dioxide . thereby , changes in weight due to corrosion can be decreased and generation of particles can be further controlled upon exposure to a corrosive halogen gas . | 2 |
the invention relates to anhydrides , solvates and ethanol hetero - solvates and hydrates of dimethoxy docetaxel or - 3 - tert - butoxycarbonylamino - 2 - hydroxy - 3 - phenyl - propionate of 4 - acetoxy - 2α - benzoyloxy - 5β , 20 - epoxy - 1 - hydroxy - 7β , 10β - dimethoxy - 9 - oxo - tax - 11 - ene - 13α - yle , and to the preparation thereof . | 2 |
a circuit and method for reducing artifacts in decoded color video and images are disclosed . the circuit includes a buffer for receiving an input pixel in a first color - space , and a detector for determining after transformation into a second color - space , if at least one component of the transformed pixel would fall outside a predetermined range . the determination may be made by comparing components of the input pixel , to corresponding ranges in the first color - space . upon determining that at least one component of the transformed pixel would be outside a corresponding predetermined bound in the second color - space , the detector causes the circuit to output a pixel in the first color - space , with at least one predetermined component . the output of the circuit may subsequently be converted to the second color - space by an external color - space converter and displayed onto a color display . the method reduces visible artifacts caused by clipping during color - space conversion . | 6 |
there is provided a system and method for determining a gender and age of a player of a game . there is a method comprising capturing an image of at least one player , and determining the gender and age of the player based on the image . in this manner , the game may be customized to be more relevant or attractive to the player &# 39 ; s gender and / or age group . | 0 |
a deceleration sensing valve is provided which includes a valve body adapted to move under its own inertia as the deceleration of a road vehicle exceeds a given value , and a valve seat on which the valve body seats . the valve seat is located rearwardly of the valve body as viewed in the direction of movement thereof under its inertia , whereby there can occur no change in a control pressure derived by the deceleration sensing valve , in particular when the vehicle is empty , as it does occur in the prior art in response to any slight shift in the timing when the valve body becomes seated . consequently , when used in combination with a proportion valve , the deceleration sensing valve of the invention assures a stable braking characteristic when the vehicle is empty as well as when the vehicle is occupied . | 1 |
a printed wiring board circuit - pattern inspection system including a two - dimensionally movable table on which a reference printed wiring board and a printed wiring board to be inspected are placed one after another ; an image pickup unit which picks up an image of a circuit - pattern on a printed wiring board by scanning the circuit - pattern in two dimensions , and converting the image into a video signal , a binary pixel forming unit which transforms the video signal into binary pattern data , synchronous signal generator which generates a synchronous signal in synchronism with the scanning operation , a first buffer memory which stores binary pattern data , compressed pattern data memory which stores compressed binary pattern data of a whole reference printed wiring board , data compander which compresses and expands binary pattern , in accordance with the synchronous signal , a second buffer memory which stores , binary pattern data compressed by the data compander and the binary data retrieved from the compressed pattern data memory , and a comparator which compares the reference binary pattern data retrieved from the first buffer memory with the binary pattern data of the board under inspection the synchronous signal thereby providing indication of a defect in the board under inspection . | 6 |
an improved cemetery experience whereby the cemetery and accompanying facilities may celebrate and demonstrate the passion and hobbies of the deceased individual . the contemplated themed cemetery may be a stand - alone cemetery that celebrates a common passion of a plurality of individuals , yet still maintains the traditional burial and memorialization process . the themed cemetery may take a specific event , or commonly understood and loved location and memorialize that location in the theme of a cemetery where those with that common interest and enjoyment of the commonly understood location may desire to be buried . the cemetery would closely resemble both visually , and physically a replica of the theme being celebrated and may provide space for the deceased while still providing adequate income and revenue in the way of advertising for the operator . | 4 |
a battery packing includes : a bare cell ; a protective circuit module electrically connected to the bare cell ; a first lead plate connecting the protective circuit module and a terminal of the bare cell ; and a first cover at an upper portion of the bare cell , wherein a portion of the first cover protrudes outward and accommodates the protective circuit module . | 7 |
an aspect of the present invention is related to a method for determining a right intensity for fitness level or exercise stress that includes a first step of inspection a first change of amplitudes of a first heart sound with regard to a second change of intensities of exercise stress , a second step of inspection of a third change of ratios of a first length of a cardiac dilation period relative to a second length of one cardiac cycle with regard to the second change , a third step of identification of a folding point of the first change , and a fourth step of determination of an intensity of the intensities at the folding point as the right intensity of exercise stress if a ratio of the ratios at the intensity is higher than a predetermined value . | 0 |
a device for sealing an opening or puncture in the wall of a blood vessel or other percutaneous openings . the device includes a shaft section member of a small diameter , with an expandable balloon and atraumatic tip at its distal end . the proximal end of the device has an inflation / deflation port which is utilized to inflate the balloon once it is in place within the blood vessel or other body cavity . the entire device is placed through a hemostasis vascular introducer or sheath , which is used during invasive percutaneous vascular procedures . the balloon is inflated and withdrawn until it engages the inner surface of the blood vessel . a procoagulant is injected via the introducer to the puncture . after a predetermined time period , the balloon is deflated and the device is withdrawn . | 0 |
a power density spectrum controller circuit which incorporates a programming element in conjunction with a voltage controlled oscillator and which uses spread spectrum techniques to provide a relatively clean output signal having little or no ripple , little or no noise and little or no signature while having a minimum output filtering requirement . | 7 |
an anaerobic digestion device includes a digester body configured to receive organic waste and a plurality of plates coupled to one another so as to divide an interior volume of the digester body into a plurality of compartmentalized chambers . the compartmentalized chambers are movable relative to the digester body to advance a slurry of said organic waste along a length of the digester body . a plurality of ports spaced along the digester body and arranged to vent biogas from the digester body . a storage vessel is configured to receive and store biogas received from the digester body via the ports , and a heating system configured to heat the digester body . the heating system is fuelled by the biogas vented from the digester body . | 8 |
a hand - held power injection device is provided for injecting liquid , such as contrast media , into the vascular system of a mammal . the device comprises a pistol - shaped housing which encloses a battery - powdered d . c . motor for constant - rate delivery of liquid from a syringe . | 0 |
a method and system are provided herein for forming microparticles from plastic and elastomeric materials that cannot be reduced in size by conventional methods . the system includes a high - pressure liquid nitrogen energy source , a feeder for providing a preferred constant and uninterrupted feed to a mill , a preferred integral injection device to meter the feed into a chamber for milling and / or classification , and a preferred exhaust system for collection of the milled product . | 1 |
The light curves of some luminous supernovae are suspected to be powered by the spindown energy of a rapidly rotating magnetar. Here we describe a possible signature of the central engine: a burst of shock breakout emission occurring several days after the supernova explosion. The energy input from the magnetar inflates a high-pressure bubble that drives a shock through the pre-exploded supernova ejecta. If the magnetar is powerful enough, that shock will near the ejecta surface and become radiative. At the time of shock breakout, the ejecta will have expanded to a large radius (∼ {10}<SUP>14</SUP> cm) so that the radiation released is at optical/ultraviolet wavelengths ({T}<SUB>{{eff</SUB>}} ≈ 20,000 K) and lasts for several days. The luminosity and timescale of this magnetar-driven shock breakout are similar to the first peak observed recently in the double-peaked light curve of SN-LSQ14BDQ. However, for a large region of model parameter space, the breakout emission is predicted to be dimmer than the diffusive luminosity from direct magnetar heating. A distinct double-peaked light curve may therefore only be conspicuous if thermal heating from the magnetar is suppressed at early times. We describe how such a delay in heating may naturally result from inefficient dissipation and thermalization of the pulsar wind magnetic energy. Without such suppression, the breakout may only be noticeable as a small bump or kink in the early luminosity or color evolution, or as a small but abrupt rise in the photospheric velocity. A similar breakout signature may accompany other central engines in supernovae, such as a black hole accreting fallback material. | 9 |
a fuel cell system wherein a plurality of fuel cells are arranged in a series of stages , the number of fuel cells decreasing in number in each stage from anode gas inlet to the anode gas outlet . the system allows for parallel flow to all of the cells in a given stage and series flow between the various stages . a similar configuration is present on a cathode side of the system . however , the direction of flow is reversed , providing a greater number of cells in the stage nearest the cathode outlet and a fewer number of cells in the stage near the cathode gas inlet . the invention further provides for the various stages to be configured such that the direction of flow of the anode gas of a given stage is generally opposite the direction of flow of the cathode gas of a given stage . | 7 |
the invention relates to a fuel cell system comprising a housing including a chamber for accommodating a fuel cell stack . the fuel cell system has various features that can also be independently embodied , namely : a u - shaped air channel including air inlet channels and air outlet channels which include an inlet or outlet on the same side of the housing of the fuel cell system ; at least two fans or compressors that are disposed downstream of each other in an air flow direction in the air inlet channel or in the air outlet channel ; a housing that has two additional , separate housing sections apart from a chamber for a fuel cell stack and an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel ; and an air bypass channel which is arranged between an air inlet channel for introducing ambient air into a chamber for the fuel cell stack and an air outlet channel for discharging air from the chamber for the fuel cell stack . | 7 |
a manufacture method is provided for forming a semiconductor device . the method includes : forming a plurality of gate electrodes through etching a conductive film deposited on a semiconductor substrate ; forming a first nitride film to cover the gate electrodes ; partially exposing the semiconductor substrate in a region between adjacent two of the gate electrodes through performing an etch - back process on the first nitride film ; thermally oxidizing a residual of the gate electrode film remaining in the region between the adjacent two of the gate electrodes to change the residual into an thermal oxide film ; and forming a contact in the region between the adjacent two of the gate electrodes . | 7 |
a double sliding - type portable communication apparatus , in which one housing slidably moves relative to the other housing through double - sliding motions , which includes a main housing extending in a longitudinal axis and a sliding housing moving in said longitudinal and also lateral directions across the main housing whose upper surface faces away from the main housing to allow the sliding housing may become displaced away from the main housing and also slidably return to overlap the main housing , wherein said housings are aligned parallel to each other in the longitudinal axis or a lateral direction across the main housing to expose predetermined regions of an upper surface of the main housing with keys provided thereon . | 7 |
a method and a device for providing for sharing encoder resources in an mcu without compromising with image quality and bandwidth adaption is provided . the method and device comprises dynamic allocation of encoders in a multi - party video conference of a number of endpoints , wherein the video conference endpoints are adapted to encode and transmit a media stream comprising the steps of creating a new encoder at a request for a new pad , determining whether a maximum number of encoders is reached , if the maximum number of encoders is not reached , then linking the new pad to the new encoder , if the maximum number of encoders is reached , then linking all existing pads to the new encoder , 15 and releasing all unused encoders . | 7 |
a manual gate valve operator used in the oil and gas industry . the operator does not allow an increase or decrease in height when manually rotating the hand wheel . instead , the operator has an internal indicator nut of the position of the valve . the indicator nut is observable electronically or visually . | 5 |
We consider the effects of inhomogeneous initial conditions in both the scalar field profile and the extrinsic curvature on different inflationary models. In particular, we compare the robustness of small field inflation to that of large field inflation, using numerical simulations with Einstein gravity in 3+1 dimensions. We find that small field inflation can fail in the presence of subdominant gradient energies, suggesting that it is much less robust to inhomogeneities than large field inflation, which withstands dominant gradient energies. However, we also show that small field inflation can be successful even if some regions of spacetime start out in the region of the potential that does not support inflation. In the large field case, we confirm previous results that inflation is robust if the inflaton occupies the inflationary part of the potential. Furthermore, we show that increasing initial scalar gradients will not form sufficiently massive inflation-ending black holes if the initial hypersurface is approximately flat. Finally, we consider the large field case with a varying extrinsic curvature K, such that some regions are initially collapsing. We find that this may again lead to local black holes, but overall the spacetime remains inflationary if the spacetime is open, which confirms previous theoretical studies. | 9 |
in the case of delayed firing of a cartridge or a so - called hang - fire condition in an externally powered firing weapon there must be prevented that further cartridges are fed into the firing weapon . in a known safety or monitoring apparatus of this type a deflector must be pivoted such that the infed cartridges , instead of arriving at the firing weapon , arrive at an ejection channel . the change - over of this deflector requires high acceleration forces because a great mass must be pivoted through a large pivot angle in a short period of time . in accordance with the invention the deflector comprises two segment members which are displaceable in the direction of the cartridge axes , one of which segment members selectively protrudes into the travel path of the cartridges . | 5 |
provided is a small size and lightweight linear motor having small thrust ripples , in which the magnetic attraction working between an armature and a mover is canceled out and therefore is small . a thrust generation mechanism comprises a stator and a mover . the mover includes permanent magnets installed in a row so that the magnetic poles at the front and backsides of the magnets are alternately reversed along the traveling direction . the stator includes upper and lower pole teeth , having a plurality of magnetic poles and arranged so as to sandwich the permanent magnets of the mover , cores for connecting the pole teeth , and a winding wound around a set of a plurality of the cores . thrust ripples are reduced by adjusting the magnetic pole pitch of the magnetic poles . | 7 |
A determination of the dynamical evolution of the asteroid belt is difficult because the asteroid belt has evolved since the time of asteroid formation through mechanisms that include: (1) catastrophic collisions, (2) rotational disruption, (3) chaotic orbital evolution, and (4) orbital evolution driven by Yarkovsky radiation forces. The time-scales of these loss mechanisms are uncertain and there is a need for more observational constraints. In the inner main belt (IMB), the mean size of the non-family asteroids increases with increasing inclination. Here, we use that observation to show that all IMB asteroids originate from either the known families or from ghost families, that is, old families with dispersed orbital elements. We estimate that the average age of the asteroids in the ghost families is a factor of 1/3 less than the Yarkovsky orbital evolution time-scale. However, this orbital evolution time-scale is a long-term average that must allow for the collisional evolution of the asteroids and for stochastic changes in their spin directions. By applying these constraints on the orbital evolution time-scales to the evolution of the size-frequency distribution of the Vesta asteroid family, we estimate that the age of this family is greater than 1.3 Gyr and could be comparable with the age of the Solar system. By estimating the number of ghost families, we calculate that the number of asteroids that are the root sources of the meteorites and the near-Earth asteroids that originate from the IMB is about 20. | 9 |
this invention relates to the fields of immunology and protein therapeutics . the therapeutic proteins are polypeptides to be administered especially to humans . the polypeptides are modified whereby the modification results in a reduced propensity for the polypeptide to elicit an immune response upon administration to the human subject . the invention therefor provides methods for the development of therapeutic polypeptides that are less immunogenic than any non - modified counterpart when used in vivo . the modifications used according to this invention relate , for example , to the introduction of protease cleavage sites , attachment of different molecules or insertion of non - natural amino acids . | 2 |
Code release to accompany the paper: Simon Tindemans and Goran Strbac, "Low-complexity algorithm for decentralized aggregate load control of thermostatic loads", to appear in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. | 9 |
The discrepancy between the weak lensing (WL) and the Planck measurements of S<SUB>8</SUB> has been a subject of several studies. Assuming that residual systematics are not the cause, these studies tend to show that a strong suppression of the amplitude of the mass power spectrum P(k) in the late Universe at high k could resolve it. The WL signal at the small scale is sensitive to various effects not related to lensing, such as baryonic effects and intrinsic alignment. These effects are still poorly understood therefore the accuracy of P(k) depends on the modelling precision of these effects. A common approach for calculating P(k) relies on a halo model. Among the various components necessary for the construction of P(k) in the halo model framework, the halo mass function (HMF) is an important one. Traditionally, the HMF has been assumed to follow a fixed model, motivated by dark matter-only numerical simulations. Recent literature shows that baryonic physics, among several other factors, could affect the HMF. In this study, we investigate the impact of allowing the HMF to vary. This provides a way of testing the validity of the halo model-HMF calibration using data. In the context of the aforementioned S<SUB>8</SUB> discrepancy, we find that the Planck cosmology is not compatible with the vanilla HMF for both the DES-y3 and the KiDS-1000 data. Moreover, when the cosmology and the HMF parameters are allowed to vary, the Planck cosmology is no longer in tension. The modified HMF predicts a matter power spectrum with a $\sim 25~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ power loss at k ~ 1 h Mpc<SUP>-1</SUP>, in agreement with the recent studies that try to mitigate the S<SUB>8</SUB> tension with modifications in P(k). We show that stage IV surveys will be able to measure the HMF parameters with a few per cent accuracy. | 9 |
the present invention provides an electrode assembly for a spot welder which has an acoustic sensor built therein . in a preferred embodiment of the present invention , a spot welder has a first and second electrode assembly according to the present invention . during welding , the acoustic sensor from the first electrode assembly selectively generates a burst of acoustic energy which passes through a weld subject and is received by the second electrode assembly . the acoustic sensor in the second transducer then emits an output signal , representative of the geometry of the weld nugget , to a computer . | 6 |
an adjustable ground clamp for easy positioning onto electric conduits of different diameters and grounding multiple electrical devices . a first and a second jaw are pivotally connected and have differently angled jaw surfaces . a distal end of the first jaw has an elongated hole and a distal end of the second jaw has a curved fork having a slot for receiving a bolt with a cylindrical nut . a fastener connects a ground conductor or wire to the ground clamp . a terminal block accepts ground conductors from multiple different electrical devices . the jaws may be easily separated for placement of an electrical conduit without separating or detaching any parts from the ground clamp , making attachment to an electrical conduit quick , easy , and secure . the terminal block permits different electrical devices to be grounded with a single ground clamp . | 7 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.