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an aircraft with reduced environmental impact includes a turboprop , having two contra - rotating propellers , disposed on the rear portion on the back of the aircraft &# 39 ; s fuselage so that the interaction noise of the propellers is masked , in the forward direction , by the wings and , in the rearward direction , by the aircraft &# 39 ; s horizontal stabilizer . | 1 |
a service providing apparatus has a first communication unit , a connection information generator , an existence detector , an existence confirmation request receiver , a connection information transmitter , an authentication unit , and a service providing unit . the second communication unit performs wireless communication with the service receiver located in a second wireless area narrower than a first wireless area . the existence confirmation request receiver receives the existence confirmation request signal transmitted by the service receiver through the second communication unit when the service receiver detects to be within a prescribed distance . the service providing unit connects with the service receiver authenticated by the authentication unit , and provides services to the service receiver through the first communication unit . | 7 |
a lightwaveguide panel to be used with a a mobile telephone or personal digital assistant , the pannel comprises a first portion for lighting an lcd and / or a keyboard , and a second integral portion , said second portion including a first inclined surface for directing light from a source of light onto a light - reflecting acoustically responsive membrane , and a second inclined surface for directing light from said membrane onto a photo - detector . | 8 |
a termination for connecting one end of a superconductive cable , wherein the end of the superconductor is made up of at least one resistively - conductive central support of substantially cylindrical shape and disposed around the support , and wherein an insulating sheath surrounds the superconductor . the end of the cable is stripped in order to reveal the central support and the superconductor , and the termination has a metal sleeve made up of two portions adjacent in succession , wherein a first portion is engaged around the stripped portion of the central support , and a second portion is soldered around the stripped portion of the superconductor . | 7 |
Quasars whose broad emission lines show temporal, bulk radial velocity (RV) shifts have been proposed as candidate sub-parsec (sub-pc), binary supermassive black holes (BSBHs). We identified a sample of 16 BSBH candidates based on two-epoch spectroscopy among 52 quasars with significant RV shifts over a few rest-frame years. The candidates showed consistent velocity shifts independently measured from two broad lines (Hβ and Hα or Mg II) without significant changes in the broad-line profiles. Here in the third paper of the series, we present further third- and fourth-epoch spectroscopy for 12 of the 16 candidates for continued RV tests, spanning ∼5-15 yr in the quasars' rest frames. Cross-correlation analysis of the broad Hβ calibrated against [O III] λ5007 suggests that five of the 12 quasars remain valid as BSBH candidates. They show broad Hβ RV curves that are consistent with binary orbital motion without significant changes in the broad-line profiles. Their broad Hα (or Mg II) lines display RV shifts that are either consistent with or smaller than those seen in broad Hβ. The RV shifts can be explained by an ∼0.05-0.1 pc BSBH with an orbital period of ∼40-130 yr, assuming a mass ratio of 0.5-2 and a circular orbit. However, the parameters are not well constrained given the few epochs that sample only a small portion of the hypothesized binary orbital cycle. The apparent occurrence rate of sub-pc BSBHs is ≲13 ± 5 per cent among all SDSS quasars, with no significant difference in the subsets with and without single-epoch broad-line velocity offsets. Dedicated long-term spectroscopic monitoring is still needed to further confirm or reject these BSBH candidates. | 9 |
a firing support hunting blind particularly adapted for use in an existing tree stand includes a firing support structure and a textile hunting blind assembly . the device attaches to the tree using a ratcheting mechanism being positioned above the tree stand above the base of the tree . the device supports a padded circular rail which acts as a safety barrier , supports a camouflage curtain which conceals the user , and provides a solid comfortable support for the user &# 39 ; s arms and / or a firearm during shooting . the various components of the device can be disassembled and transported . | 0 |
an improved orienting disk is provided for better wood strand alignment in wood strand orienter machinery . the disk has a plurality of fin - like teeth projecting upwardly from the periphery of a generally circular plate . in a preferred embodiment each of the teeth has a straight leading edge facing the direction of rotation of the disk , and a curve trailing edge . most preferably , the disk has six such teeth , each separated from another by 60 ° about the periphery of the disk . | 1 |
Context. Representative samples of F-, G-, K-type stars located outside of the solar neighbourhood have started to become available in spectroscopic surveys. The fraction of metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≲ −0.8 dex) giants becomes increasingly relevant towards greater distances. In metal-poor stars, effective temperatures (T<SUB>eff</SUB>) based on local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) spectroscopy and on former colour-T<SUB>eff</SUB> relations - which are still widely used - have been reported to be inaccurate. It is necessary to recalibrate chemical abundances based on these T<SUB>eff</SUB> scales in the multiple available surveys in order to bring them to the same standard scale for their simultaneous use. To this end, a complete sample of standards is required, which until now has been restricted to a few stars with quasi-direct T<SUB>eff</SUB> measurements. <BR /> Aims: We aim to provide a legacy sample of metal-poor standards with proven accurate atmospheric parameters. We add 47 giants to the TITANS metal-poor reference stars. <BR /> Methods: We derived T<SUB>eff</SUB> using 3D non-LTE Hα modelling, the accuracy of which was tested against interferometry and with the Infra Red Flux Method (IRFM). We derived surface gravity (log ɡ) by fitting Mg I b triplet lines, and tested their accuracy against asteroseismology. Metallicity was derived using Fe II lines, and we find our results to be identical to the [Fe/H] derived from non-LTE spectral synthesis. <BR /> Results: The T<SUB>eff</SUB> that we find using 3D non-LTE Hα is equivalent to interferometric and IRFM temperatures within a ±46 K uncertainty. We achieve precision of ~50 K for 34 stars with spectra with the highest signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). For log ɡ, we achieve a total uncertainty of ±0.15 dex. For [Fe/H], we obtain a total uncertainty of ±0.09 dex. We find that the ionisation equilibrium of Fe lines under LTE is not valid in metal-poor giants. LTE leads to a small but significant metallicity underestimation of ~0.1 dex when derived from weak Fe I lines, and only provided accurate T<SUB>eff</SUB> and log ɡ. This bias totally disappears under non-LTE. <P />Table 2 is available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/679/A110">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/679/A110</A> | 9 |
We present JWST NIRCam imaging of B14-65666 ("Big Three Dragons"), a bright Lyman-break galaxy system ($M_\text{UV}=-22.5$ mag) at $z=7.15$. The high angular resolution of NIRCam reveals the complex morphology of two galaxy components: galaxy E has a compact core (E-core), surrounded by diffuse, extended, rest-frame optical emission, which is likely to be tidal tails; and galaxy W has a clumpy and elongated morphology with a blue UV slope ($\beta_\text{UV}=-2.2\pm0.1$). The flux excess, F356W$-$F444W, peaks at the E-core ($1.05^{+0.08}_{-0.09}$ mag), tracing the presence of strong [OIII] 4960,5008 Å emission. ALMA archival data show that the bluer galaxy W is brighter in dust continua than the redder galaxy E, while the tails are bright in [OIII] 88 $\mathrm{\mu m}$. The UV/optical and sub-mm SED fitting confirms that B14-65666 is a major merger in a starburst phase as derived from the stellar mass ratio (3:1 to 2:1) and the star-formation rate, $\simeq1$ dex higher than the star-formation main sequence at the same redshift. The galaxy E is a dusty ($A_\text{V}=1.2\pm0.1$ mag) starburst with a possible high dust temperature ($\ge63$-$68$ K). The galaxy W would have a low dust temperature ($\le27$-$33$ K) or patchy stellar-and-dust geometry, as suggested from the infrared excess (IRX) and $\beta_\text{UV}$ diagram. The high optical-to-FIR [OIII] line ratio of the E-core shows its lower gas-phase metallicity ($\simeq0.2$ Z$_{\odot}$) than the galaxy W. These results agree with a scenario where major mergers disturb morphology and induce nuclear dusty starbursts triggered by less-enriched inflows. B14-65666 shows a picture of complex stellar buildup processes during major mergers in the epoch of reionization. | 9 |
a carriage body for a vehicle is described . it is possible to perform a displacement of a frame element with respect to the outlook through windows from each seat in a train coach . thus , the frame elements are fastened to the cover plates of the coach above and below the window via grooves in which there are provided connecting means sliding in the grooves . hereby the frame elements may be displaced longitudinally relative to the coach . | 1 |
a video terminal has a housing composed of a basic housing encompassing a back portion of a picture tube and a frame encompassing a picture area of the tube . the basic housing is uniformly designed for a plurality of picture tubes of different sizes and variously designed frames are adapted to the basic housing in accordance with a respective picture tube . the frames are preferably secured to support mounts fixed to the frame which are disposed in said basic housing . given an axially symmetrical design of said support mounts , the frame with said picture tube is optionally insertable either horizontally or vertically . the frame can be formed of one or more parts . the parts of the frame and / or of the frames and the basic housing can be connected to one another by snap - in closures . | 7 |
Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) feedback models are generally calibrated to reproduce galaxy observables such as the stellar mass function and the bimodality in galaxy colors. We use variations of the AGN feedback implementations in the IllustrisTNG (TNG) and SIMBA cosmological hydrodynamic simulations to show that the low-redshift Lyα forest can provide constraints on the impact of AGN feedback. We show that TNG overpredicts the number density of absorbers at column densities N <SUB>HI</SUB> < 10<SUP>14</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> compared to data from the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (in agreement with previous work), and we demonstrate explicitly that its kinetic feedback mode, which is primarily responsible for galaxy quenching, has a negligible impact on the column density distribution (CDD) of absorbers. In contrast, we show that the fiducial SIMBA model, which includes AGN jet feedback, is the preferred fit to the observed CDD of the z = 0.1 Lyα forest across 5 orders of magnitude in column density. We show that the SIMBA results with jets produce a quantitatively better fit to the observational data than the SIMBA results without jets, even when the ultraviolet background is left as a free parameter. AGN jets in SIMBA are high speed, collimated, weakly interacting with the interstellar medium (via brief hydrodynamic decoupling), and heated to the halo virial temperature. Collectively these properties result in stronger long-range impacts on the intergalactic medium when compared to TNG's kinetic feedback mode, which drives isotropic winds with lower velocities at the galactic radius. Our results suggest that the low-redshift Lyα forest provides plausible evidence for long-range AGN jet feedback. | 9 |
an apparatus for insertion between a masonry element at least partially defining a perimeter of an opening in an architectural structure and a frame surrounding the perimeter and having at least one surface includes a sponge structure adapted to rest against the frame and having at least one surface . the apparatus further includes a rigid member affixed to the sponge structure and adapted to rest against the masonry element and a coupling element affixed to the sponge structure and adapted to be coupled to a surface of the frame . in another aspect of this embodiment , the surface of the sponge structure is adapted to adhere to a sealant . the sponge structure may include closed cell blended epdm neoprene . | 4 |
a method for fabricating a steam generator and a steam generator wherein primary coolant tubes are sleeved in and in the vicinity of a tubesheet . a smooth transition region is formed between stock primary coolant tubes and sleeved portions thereof in such a manner that no sites for accelerated corrosion are formed . in addition , an adequate volume of material is provided in the transition region to withstand thermal and mechanical stresses and chemical attack . the sleeved tube is preferably thermally treated for improved corrosion resistance . | 5 |
The six parameters of the standard ΛCDM model have best-fit values derived from the Planck temperature power spectrum that are shifted somewhat from the best-fit values derived from WMAP data. These shifts are driven by features in the Planck temperature power spectrum at angular scales that had never before been measured to cosmic-variance level precision. We have investigated these shifts to determine whether they are within the range of expectation and to understand their origin in the data. Taking our parameter set to be the optical depth of the reionized intergalactic medium τ, the baryon density ω<SUB>b</SUB>, the matter density ω<SUB>m</SUB>, the angular size of the sound horizon θ<SUB>∗</SUB>, the spectral index of the primordial power spectrum, n<SUB>s</SUB>, and A<SUB>s</SUB>e<SUP>- 2τ</SUP> (where A<SUB>s</SUB> is the amplitude of the primordial power spectrum), we have examined the change in best-fit values between a WMAP-like large angular-scale data set (with multipole moment ℓ < 800 in the Planck temperature power spectrum) and an all angular-scale data set (ℓ < 2500Planck temperature power spectrum), each with a prior on τ of 0.07 ± 0.02. We find that the shifts, in units of the 1σ expected dispersion for each parameter, are { Δτ,ΔA<SUB>s</SUB>e<SUP>- 2τ</SUP>,Δn<SUB>s</SUB>,Δω<SUB>m</SUB>,Δω<SUB>b</SUB>,Δθ<SUB>∗</SUB> } = { -1.7,-2.2,1.2,-2.0,1.1,0.9 }, with a χ<SUP>2</SUP> value of 8.0. We find that this χ<SUP>2</SUP> value is exceeded in 15% of our simulated data sets, and that a parameter deviates by more than 2.2σ in 9% of simulated data sets, meaning that the shifts are not unusually large. Comparing ℓ < 800 instead to ℓ> 800, or splitting at a different multipole, yields similar results. We examined the ℓ < 800 model residuals in the ℓ> 800 power spectrum data and find that the features there that drive these shifts are a set of oscillations across a broad range of angular scales. Although they partly appear similar to the effects of enhanced gravitational lensing, the shifts in ΛCDM parameters that arise in response to these features correspond to model spectrum changes that are predominantly due to non-lensing effects; the only exception is τ, which, at fixed A<SUB>s</SUB>e<SUP>- 2τ</SUP>, affects the ℓ> 800 temperature power spectrum solely through the associated change in A<SUB>s</SUB> and the impact of that on the lensing potential power spectrum. We also ask, "what is it about the power spectrum at ℓ < 800 that leads to somewhat different best-fit parameters than come from the full ℓ range?" We find that if we discard the data at ℓ < 30, where there is a roughly 2σ downward fluctuation in power relative to the model that best fits the full ℓ range, the ℓ < 800 best-fit parameters shift significantly towards the ℓ < 2500 best-fit parameters. In contrast, including ℓ < 30, this previously noted "low-ℓ deficit" drives n<SUB>s</SUB> up and impacts parameters correlated with n<SUB>s</SUB>, such as ω<SUB>m</SUB> and H<SUB>0</SUB>. As expected, the ℓ < 30 data have a much greater impact on the ℓ < 800 best fit than on the ℓ < 2500 best fit. So although the shifts are not very significant, we find that they can be understood through the combined effects of an oscillatory-like set of high-ℓ residuals and the deficit in low-ℓ power, excursions consistent with sample variance that happen to map onto changes in cosmological parameters. Finally, we examine agreement between PlanckTT data and two other CMB data sets, namely the Planck lensing reconstruction and the TT power spectrum measured by the South Pole Telescope, again finding a lack of convincing evidence of any significant deviations in parameters, suggesting that current CMB data sets give an internally consistent picture of the ΛCDM model. | 9 |
carbon monoxide contained in reformate gas is removed by a preferential oxidation reaction in a catalyst , two preferential oxidation reactors being disposed in series . valves supply air containing oxygen as an oxidizing agent individually to these preferential oxidation reactors . temperature sensors detect the catalyst temperatures of the preferential oxidation reactors , and a controller , by adjusting the flow rate of the valves based on the detected temperatures , maximizes the carbon monoxide removal performance of the preferential oxidation reactors , while preventing excessive catalyst temperature rise . | 8 |
a pulse generator circuit is provided . the pulse generator circuit has an input adapted to receive an input electrical quantity and an output at which an output electrical quantity is made available . a transfer characteristic establishes a relationship between said input and said output electrical quantities . the pulse generator circuit is adapted to provide said output electrical quantity in the form of pulses having a predetermined shape , suitable to be used for uwb transmission . the transfer characteristic has substantially a same shape as that of said pulses . moreover , a uwb modulating system exploiting the novel pulse generator is proposed . | 7 |
reconsolidated wood product formed by compressing and bonding natural wood which has been rended to form open lattice work webs of naturally interconnected wood strands . the webs are laid over each other in overlapping fashion so as to extend at an angle to the direction of extent of the product , with opposite ends of the webs being closest to respective opposed surfaces of the product . | 8 |
abrasive articles are disclosed that may be used in low speed dry sanding applications . the abrasive articles disclosed may be made entirely from abrasive materials or alternatively may be made by fastening abrasive surfaces to handles or tools . the abrasive articles of the present invention have abrasive surfaces with controlled wear rates that renew themselves during use . the self renewing abrasive surfaces of the present invention may be prepared by pressing a mixture of abrasive particles , hollow micro - particles and a minimal amount of binder together into a mold and subsequently allowing the binder to harden . the resulting abrasive articles are long lasting and may be made low in cost . | 1 |
a modular biopsy , ablation and track coagulation needle apparatus is disclosed that allows the biopsy needle to be inserted into the delivery needle and removed when not needed , and that allows an inner ablation needle to be introduced and coaxially engaged with the delivery needle to more effectively biopsy a tumor , ablate it and coagulate the track through ablation while reducing blood loss and track seeding . the ablation needle and biopsy needle are adapted to in situ assembly with the delivery needle . in a preferred embodiment , the ablation needle , when engaged with the delivery needle forms a coaxial connector adapted to electrically couple to an ablating source . methods for biopsying and ablating tumors using the device and coagulating the track upon device removal are also provided . | 0 |
We present WISE W1 photometry of the SPARC (Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves) sample. The baseline of near-IR fluxes is established for use by stellar mass models, a key component to the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation and other kinematic galaxies scaling relations. We focus this paper on determination of the characteristics of the W1 fluxes compared to IRAC 3.6 fluxes, internal accuracy limitations from photometric techniques, external accuracy by comparison to other work in the literature and the range of W1 to IRAC 3.6 colors. We outline the behavior of SDSS g, W1 and IRAC 3.6 colors with respect to underlying SED features. We also note a previously unknown correlation between WISE colors and the central surface brightness, probably related to the low metallicity of low surface brightness dwarfs. | 9 |
an improved breathing method and apparatus for enabling a user , while at a first altitude , e . g . sea level , to experience higher altitude conditions . the apparatus includes an inspiratory tube and an expiratory tube and means for mixing a portion of oxygen - reduced expired air with ambient air to supply air for inspiration . the first ends of the inspiratory and expiratory tubes are coupled to the users airway through a user breathing means . the remote end of the expiratory tube is coupled through a co 2 absorber canister to an air storage reservoir . the remote end of the inspiratory tube is also coupled through a co 2 absorber canister to the reservoir for pulling oxygen - reduced air therefrom . the user breathing means includes a selectively dimensioned orifice to the environment so that on expiration , a predetermined portion of the user &# 39 ; s expired air is exhausted to the environment while the remainder passes through co 2 absorber material into the reservoir . on inspiration , air stored in the reservoir is pulled through co 2 absorber material and combined with ambient air pulled into the breathing means through the orifice . different size orifices can be utilized to simulate different altitudes . | 0 |
This repository contains an API plugin for MammalWeb. This release goes with the paper "Large-scale mammal monitoring: the potential of a citizen science camera-trapping project in the UK" published in the journal Ecological Solutions and Evidence. | 9 |
the invention relates to a method and device for separating a mixture , made of particles of a first particle type and a second particle type , especially aleurone particles and shell particles made of comminuted bran , said particles being scarcely distinguishable in terms of size and density , into various types of particles . separation occurs according to particle - type specific triboelectric charging of said particles in a first active area and subsequent separation of the differently charged moving particles in an electric field . | 1 |
We report the detection of a chemically fresh inflow that is feeding high-mass young-stellar-object (HMYSO) growth in the nearby high-mass star-forming region G352.63 made with both the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Submillimeter Array (SMA). High-quality images of the dust and molecular lines from both ALMA and SMA have consistently revealed a gravitationally controlled cold (~10 K) gas inflow of chemically fresh molecules (e.g., CCH and HC<SUB>3</SUB>N) toward the central HMYSO and its surrounding dense gas structure, which has a possible torus- or disk-like morphology. The HMYSO is also observed to have an outflow, which is nearly perpendicular to the torus and its parental filament, and thus can be clearly separated from the inflows. These kinematic features provide observational evidence to support the conjecture that the infalling streamers in high-mass star-forming regions could proceed in a similar process to that observed in low-mass counterparts. The chemically fresh infalling streamers could also be involved in the disk or torus configuration, fragmentation, and accretion bursts that occur in both simulations and observations. | 9 |
a method is disclosed that enables mitigating at least some of the problems caused by a packet attack . when a first internet protocol - capable device is subjected to a packet attack , it indicates periodically to a second ip - capable device that certain communications with the first device are to be suspended . the periodic transmitting of the indication is performed at a slower rate than the keep - alive mechanism that is normally used to detect loss of connectivity . when the second device receives the transmitted indication , it refrains from transmitting keep - alive messages to the first device for a predetermined interval . meanwhile , the first device also refrains from transmitting keep - alive messages to the second device for a similar interval . in transmitting the suspend indication , the illustrative embodiment seeks to prevent pairs of communicating devices that are experiencing packet attacks from continuing their operation under the erroneous assumption that each device is unavailable . | 7 |
disclosed herein is a semiconductor light emitting device module comprising : a substrate ; at least one support disposed on a surface of the substrate ; a heat transfer member disposed on the substrate and the support , the heating transfer member having a cavity formed in at least a portion of the heat transfer member ; first conductive layer and second conductive layer contacting the heat transfer member via an insulating layer , the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer being electrically isolated from each other in accordance with exposure of the insulating layer or exposure of the heat transfer member ; and at least one semiconductor light emitting device electrically connected to the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer , the at least one semiconductor light emitting device is thermally contacted an exposed portion of the heat transfer member . | 7 |
a decoder capable of decoding audio signals encoded using analog noise reduction techniques , particularly dolby sr , is implemented by means of digital signal processing . the typical decoding paradigm used by analog dolby sr decoders is modified to overcome the problems caused by delay which is introduced by the digital implementation . a gain factor is factored out of the feedback transfer function and is placed in the forward signal path of each stage of the digital decoder . a single control circuit can then be used to generate coefficients which define transfer functions of each filter stage of the signal path . linear interpolation techniques are used to limit the number of coefficient entries necessary to emulate the transfer function of an analog dolby sr decoder . the digital decoder structure can be inverted to produce a digital encoder which is capable of implementing any noise reduction standard desired , including dolby sr . | 6 |
a bedpan guard adapted to lie across a portion of the bedpan opening and to be removably attached to the bedpan whereby the male patient &# 39 ; s genitalia is supported by the guard and prevented from contacting waste material in the pan and contacting the bottom of the pan . the guard may have a cover attached thereto which can be pulled over the bedpan opening after use . | 0 |
a telephone operator voice storage and retrieval system is capable of presenting to the caller a played - back , previously recorded response message in the actual voice of the operator on duty at the time . the operator is also able to follow - up the played - back , previously recorded response message with a conversation with the caller , without the caller detecting a change in the characteristics of the caller &# 39 ; s perceived operator voice . the storage and retrieval system employs a voice analyzer / synthesizer coupled between a response message memory and an audio inteface to the operator &# 39 ; s audio equipment . after the storage of a series of response messages , prepared by the operator , the system is ready for use in answering incoming calls . in this playback mode , as incoming calls are monitored , the appropriate operator &# 39 ; s voice enunciated response message is accessed from memory and , via the voice synthesizer and an audio interface , that message is played back to the caller . when the caller speaks again , the operator , who has been on - line the entire time but has been relieved of the need to actually recite the response phrase , now proceeds to converse with the caller . the audio interface contains automatic level control circuitry which ensures that there is effectively no difference in the recorded voice played back to the caller and the &# 34 ; live &# 34 ; voice spoken by the operator . as a result , the storage and retrieval system is listener transparent . | 7 |
In this paper, we extend the source detection in the GOODS-ALMA field (69 arcmin<SUP>2</SUP>, 1σ ≃ 0.18 mJy beam<SUP>-1</SUP>) to deeper levels than presented in our previous work. Using positional information at 3.6 and 4.5 μm (from Spitzer-IRAC) as well as the Very Large Array (VLA) at 3 GHz, we explore the presence of galaxies detected at 1.1 mm with ALMA below our original blind detection limit of 4.8-σ, at which the number of spurious sources starts to dominate over that of real sources. In order to ensure the most reliable counterpart association possible, we have investigated the astrometry differences between different instruments in the GOODS-South field. In addition to a global offset between the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) already discussed in previous studies, we have highlighted a local offset between ALMA and the HST that was artificially introduced in the process of building the mosaic of the GOODS-South image. We created a distortion map that can be used to correct for these astrometric issues. In this Supplementary Catalog, we find a total of 16 galaxies, including two galaxies with no counterpart in HST images (also known as optically dark galaxies), down to a 5σ limiting depth of H = 28.2 AB (HST/WFC3 F160W). This brings the total sample of GOODS-ALMA 1.1 mm sources to 35 galaxies. Galaxies in the new sample cover a wider dynamic range in redshift (z = 0.65-4.73), are on average twice as large (1.3 vs 0.65 kpc), and have lower stellar masses (M<SUB>⋆</SUB><SUP>SC</SUP> = 7.6 × 10<SUP>10</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> vs M<SUB>⋆</SUB><SUP>MC</SUP> = 1.2 × 10<SUP>11</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>). Although exhibiting larger physical sizes, these galaxies still have far-infrared sizes that are significantly more compact than inferred from their optical emission. | 9 |
We compare the observed turbulent pressure in molecular gas, P<SUB>turb</SUB>, to the required pressure for the interstellar gas to stay in equilibrium in the gravitational potential of a galaxy, P<SUB>DE</SUB>. To do this, we combine arcsecond resolution CO data from PHANGS-ALMA with multiwavelength data that trace the atomic gas, stellar structure, and star formation rate (SFR) for 28 nearby star-forming galaxies. We find that P<SUB>turb</SUB> correlates with - but almost always exceeds - the estimated P<SUB>DE</SUB> on kiloparsec scales. This indicates that the molecular gas is overpressurized relative to the large-scale environment. We show that this overpressurization can be explained by the clumpy nature of molecular gas; a revised estimate of P<SUB>DE</SUB> on cloud scales, which accounts for molecular gas self-gravity, external gravity, and ambient pressure, agrees well with the observed P<SUB>turb</SUB> in galaxy disks. We also find that molecular gas with cloud-scale P<SUB>turb</SUB> ≈ P<SUB>DE</SUB> ≳ 10<SUP>5</SUP> k<SUB>B</SUB> K cm<SUP>-3</SUP> in our sample is more likely to be self-gravitating, whereas gas at lower pressure it appears more influenced by ambient pressure and/or external gravity. Furthermore, we show that the ratio between P<SUB>turb</SUB> and the observed SFR surface density, Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>, is compatible with stellar feedback-driven momentum injection in most cases, while a subset of the regions may show evidence of turbulence driven by additional sources. The correlation between Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB> and kpc-scale P<SUB>DE</SUB> in galaxy disks is consistent with the expectation from self-regulated star formation models. Finally, we confirm the empirical correlation between molecular-to-atomic gas ratio and kpc-scale P<SUB>DE</SUB> reported in previous works. | 9 |
a light source device includes a first light source configured to emit light in a first wavelength band , a light - source light generation section configured to generate light of each of a plurality of colors by time division by using the first light source , a second light source configured to generate light of a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band , and a light source control section . the light source control section is configured to cause each of the light - source light generation section and the second light source to generate light in one period , and to control a drive timing of each of the first and second light sources to adjust a light - emission timing and a light - emission period of light generated by each of the light - source light generation section and the second light source . | 6 |
The processes that led to the formation of the planetary bodies in the Solar system are still not fully understood. Using the results obtained with the comprehensive suite of instruments onboard the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission, we present evidence that comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko likely formed through the gentle gravitational collapse of a bound clump of mm-sized dust aggregates (`pebbles'), intermixed with microscopic ice particles. This formation scenario leads to a cometary make-up that is simultaneously compatible with the global porosity, homogeneity, tensile strength, thermal inertia, vertical temperature profiles, sizes and porosities of emitted dust and the steep increase in water-vapour production rate with decreasing heliocentric distance, measured by the instruments onboard the Rosetta spacecraft and the Philae lander. Our findings suggest that the pebbles observed to be abundant in protoplanetary discs around young stars provide the building material for comets and other minor bodies. | 9 |
the invention concerns a device for rinsing a fluid - storage space that is provided with a rising chamber fillable with a fluid arranged in the region of the high point of the storage - space floor , which chamber , when the storage space runs empty , abruptly lets the fluid run out through a rinse opening as a rinsing torrent . the rinsing device has a container that serves to hold the rinse fluid ; the container is either raisable , so that rinse fluid floods out through its bottom opening , or else the upper edge of the container is lowerable , so that the rinse fluid , coming forth from here , can flood out radially . | 4 |
We study the contribution of Galactic sources to the flux of astrophysical neutrinos recently observed by the IceCube Collaboration. We show that in the simplest model of homogeneous and isotropic cosmic ray diffusion in the Milky Way the Galactic diffuse neutrino emission consistent with γ -ray (Fermi-LAT) and cosmic ray data (KASCADE, KASCADE-Grande and CREAM) is expected to account for only 4%-8% of the IceCube flux above 60 TeV. Direct neutrino emission from cosmic-ray-gas (p p ) interactions in the sources will require an unusually large average opacity above 0.01. On the other hand, we find that the IceCube events already probe Galactic neutrino scenarios via the distribution of event arrival directions. Based on the latter, we show that most Galactic scenarios can only have a limited contribution to the astrophysical signal: diffuse Galactic emission (≲50 %), quasidiffuse emission of neutrino sources (≲65 %), extended diffuse emission from the Fermi bubbles (≲25 %) or unidentified TeV γ -ray sources (≲25 %). The arguments discussed here leave, at present, dark matter decay unconstrained. | 9 |
Antarctica is the outermost from civilization space continent. From 14.0 million km2 of surface area about 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages at least 1.6 km in thickness. Geologically, the continent is the least explored in the world, and it is almost absolutely unknown what mineral resources Antarctica has as they are buried in rock that is covered by a thick ice sheet. It is thought to have large and valuable mineral deposits under the ice. This is because of what has been found in samples taken from the small areas of rock that are exposed, and also from what has been found in South Africa and South America. Up until 180 million years ago, Antarctica was a part of the Gondwanaland super continent, attached to South America, the Southern part of Africa, India and Australia, these continents then drifted apart until they reached their current positions. This leads to a possibility that Antarctica may also share some of the mineral wealth of these continents. Right now on the ice-free areas of Antarctica iron ore, chromium, copper, gold, nickel, platinum, coal and hydrocarbons have been found. The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, also known as the Madrid Protocol, was signed in 1991 by the signatories to the Antarctic Treaty and became law in January 1998. The Protocol provides for comprehensive protection of the Antarctic environment and associated ecosystems and includes a ban on all commercial mining for at least fifty years (this is up for review in 2041). Current climate change and melting ice in Polar Regions is opening up new opportunities to exploit mineral and oil resources. Even Antarctica's weather, ice and distance from any industrialized areas mean that mineral extraction would be extremely expensive and also extremely dangerous, the depletion of mineral recourses on the Earth can reverse banning of mining in Antarctica in future. There is no question that any resource exploitation in Antarctica will cause severe not only permanent, local impact on the environment, but also will have implications for other Earth's systems as a whole. Mineral prospecting and exploration in Antarctica need to be reflected and respected in any concept of environmental sustainability. Anyway, first stage of the geological surveying should be carried purely scientific and not designed to explore for and identify mineral deposits. It's obvious that although various countries claim sovereignty in certain regions of Antarctica, the continent should be continued to be politically neutral. Efforts of scientists and politicians should respect their own responsibility for the protection of the fragile Antarctic environment and of our planet in the whole taking care for future generations. | 9 |
the present invention has been conceived in view of the above described situation , and an object of the invention is to provide an information processing device , data transfer method and information storage medium that can commence data transfer to an i / o device immediately , and can stably exhibit data transfer performance . in an information processing device provided with hardware for sharing an address translation table , for translating logical addresses of a memory to physical addresses , between a main processor and a sub - processor , one of the sub - processors is caused to function as means for receiving a transfer request designating a logical address of the memory , means for translating the logical address that has been designated in the transfer request to a physical address using the shared address translation table , and means for executing transfer processing for data stored in the memory 14 according to the translated physical address . | 6 |
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extreme astrophysical phenomena entering the realm of non-linear optics, a field developed in laser physics. A classical non-linear effect is self-modulation. We examine the propagation of FRBs through the circumburst environment using the idealized setup of a monochromatic linearly polarized GHz wave propagating through a uniform plasma slab of density N at distance R from the source. We find that self-modulation occurs if the slab is located within a critical radius R<SUB>crit</SUB> ~ 10<SUP>17</SUP>(N/10<SUP>2</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP>)(L/10<SUP>42</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP>) cm, where L is the isotropic equivalent of the FRB luminosity. Self-modulation breaks the burst into pancakes transverse to the radial direction. When R ≲ R<SUB>crit</SUB>, the transverse size of the pancakes is smaller than the Fresnel scale. The pancakes are strongly diffracted as the burst exits the slab, and interference between the pancakes produces a frequency modulation of the observed intensity with a sub-GHz bandwidth. When R ~ R<SUB>crit</SUB>, the transverse size of the pancakes becomes comparable with the Fresnel scale, and the effect of diffraction is weaker. The observed intensity is modulated on a time-scale of 10 µm, which corresponds to the radial width of the pancakes. Our results suggest that self-modulation may cause the temporal and frequency structure observed in FRBs. | 9 |
asymmetry of output beams from a laser diode bar is significantly reduced by internally reflecting the beams from an array of roof prisms positioned and oriented to rotate the cross - sectional shape of each beam by 90 °. an elongated retro prism is positioned to received all of the reflected beams and to redirect them away from the laser diode bar . | 6 |
an exposure system for light sensitive materials held in a vacuum frame includes an electrical light source and a power supply to the light source , the power supply having a power consumption monitor so it can modify the power supplied to the light source to compensate for any fluctuations in power consumption by the light . the light source is supported in a housing having air exhaust openings proximate the mid - portion of the light source . a blower cools the light source with a helical airflow . the voltage drop across the electrical light source is used to control the speed of the blower to maintain the voltage of the light source at a desired level . the housing has an open face and a removable pane . an indicator indicates the presence of the pane . a metal shutter in the housing has a black ceramic surface adjacent the light source to selectively expose light sensitive materials . a control means closes the shutter when the indicator senses removal of the pane while power is being supplied to the light source . the control means includes a timer to hold the shutter closed for a period of time after the switch is opened , long enough to permit cooling of the light source and opens the shutter after expiration of the period . it also actuates the blower during the period to hasten the cooling of the light source . the control unit to control operating parameters of a plurality of subsystem units of the exposure system includes an electronic memory unit and means responsive to signals stored in the electronic memory unit to control variables . the control lines of the control unit and the subsystem units have a plurality of physically equivalent , but electrically unique , pin socket outputs each having a plurality of electrical leads . a plurality of cables having physically and electrically identical terminations are provided , so that any of the cables may be used to connect a pin socket of the control unit to a pin socket of a subsystem unit . the control unit includes a keyboard input to the memory storage means of variables to be stored . the keyboard includes function keys to select the variable to be assigned a value and numeric keys to assign a numeric value to a selected numeric variable . | 6 |
a y - port device including a valve positioned proximally to the fluid channel thereby eliminating aberrant currents and dead space within the y - port device . the valve is a septum and penetrable by a probe . the valve is positioned such that the external end may be cleaned and / or sanitized prior to penetration by a probe and the internal end abuts the fluid channel of the device such that dead space is eliminated between the flow path and the internal end of the valve . the y - port device ensures that an entire infused bolus is flushed from the interior of the y - port and into the desired vascular system . | 0 |
a garment is provided which is capable of being moved between a folded up position and a folded down position . in the folded up position , a false front simply appears to be the front of a regular garment . in this position , the bib is attached to a torso covering means by at least one fastener . a separate attachment holds the bib to the torso covering means substantially along the waist of the wearer . in the folded down position , however , a lined bib is provided which gives a measure of protection against spills of beverages , foods , paints , compounds , elements , industrial substances , and so on . in this position , the waist portion attachment is engaged , while the fasteners are disengaged . | 0 |
a printed circuit board includes a base member including a major surface ; a first region and a second region adjacent to the first region when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the major surface ; a first conductive pattern layer formed over the major surface and comprising a plurality of conductive features positioned in the first region ; and a connector placed over the major surface and comprising a portion located in the second region . the first conductive pattern layer does not comprise a portion formed in the second region and overlapping the connector when viewed in the direction . | 6 |
In recent years, continuum-reverberation mapping involving high-cadence UV/optical monitoring campaigns of nearby active galactic nuclei has been used to infer the size of their accretion disks. One of the main results from these campaigns has been that in many cases the accretion disks appear too large, by a factor of 2-3, compared to standard models. Part of this may be due to diffuse continuum emission from the broad-line region (BLR), which is indicated by excess lags around the Balmer jump. Standard cross-correlation lag-analysis techniques are usually used to just recover the peak or centroid lag and cannot easily distinguish between reprocessing from the disk and BLR. However, frequency-resolved lag analysis, where the lag is determined at each Fourier frequency, has the potential to separate out reprocessing on different size scales. Here we present simulations to demonstrate the potential of this method and then apply a maximum-likelihood approach to determine frequency-resolved lags in NGC 5548. We find that the lags in NGC 5548 generally decrease smoothly with increasing frequency, and are not easily described by accretion-disk reprocessing alone. The standard cross-correlation lags are consistent with lags at frequencies lower than 0.1 day<SUP>-1</SUP>, indicating they are dominated from reprocessing at size scales greater than ~10 light days. A combination of a more distant reprocessor, consistent with the BLR, along with a standard-sized accretion disk is more consistent with the observed lags than a larger disk alone. | 9 |
the interior wall construction of a passenger railway car is provided with carpeted decorative panels which are fabricated before assembly with the interior wall construction . the attachment of the panels to the wall is provided by extrusions of rigid and resilient shape which permit the panels to be installed by snap - fit interengagement . | 1 |
polymers are provided having a structure selected from : r x and r x wherein r x is a polyol moiety and r x is a polyamine moiety , with the x being between 2 and 10 , inclusive , and each r 1 independently has the structure : wherein a divalent amino acid moiety with r 2 being a covalent bond or having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms , and y and z are between 0 and 10 , inclusive , provided that y and z are not both 0 ; is a divalent dicarboxylic acid moiety in which r 3 is an alkylene or cyclolkylene group containing from 1 to about 15 carbon atoms substituted with a total of from 1 to about 10 hydroxyl groups , with at least a portion of the hydroxyl groups being acylated with 3 to 24 carbon atom carboxylic acids ; and r 4 is a poly having the structure : r 5 — a — r 6 — q — with r 5 selected from 1 to 40 carbon atom alkyl groups , — oh —, — or 7 , — nh —, — nhr 7 , — nr 7 r 8 , — c — oh , — c — or 7 , — c — o — c — r 7 , — c - nh 2 , — c — nhr 7 and — c — nhr 7 r 8 ; r 6 , r 7 and r 8 are independently selected from 2 to 40 carbon atom , straight - chain or branched alkylene groups ; q is a divalent linkage moiety ; and a is between 2 and 110 , inclusive . polymer encapsulates of hydrophobic molecules are also disclosed , including pharmaceutical dosage forms containing the encapsulates in which the hydrophobic molecule has biological or pharmaceutical activity , as well as transdermal delivery devices . methods of treating patients with the pharmaceutical dosage forms are also disclosed . | 0 |
a method for combining images in a camera device , includes following steps . the camera device takes a first image . a first inclination angle of the camera device at the time of taking the first image is saved . a view finder of the camera device finds a next view , and compares the current inclination angle of the camera device with the first inclination angle . if the angles are not the same , the view finder inclines to adjust the current inclination angle of the camera device until the angles are the same . the camera device takes a second image . the first image and the second image are combined to generate a new image . | 7 |
a method and apparatus for storing and using “ register use ” information to determine when a register is being used for the last time so that power savings may be achieved is disclosed . the register use information may take the form of “ last read ” information for a particular register . the last read information may be used to force the value of the register , after being read , to zero or to clock only that register while masking off the other registers . several methods and hardware variations are disclosed for using the register use information to achieve power savings . | 8 |
solid materials are dynamically loaded by impact with a piston fired at the material in a suitable support wherein a &# 34 ; punch &# 34 ;, a body of material introducing an impedance mismatch , is inserted between the piston and the material . | 1 |
the present disclosure describes novel methods that can be utilized to choose , set up , open , and / or manage an online account at a financial institution . the present disclosure addresses prior art problems of online account opening by describing methods for automating key aspects of the account opening process for customers such as tailoring the presentation of information to the online customer based at least in part on the customer &# 39 ; s input , performing suitability checks for the customer based on online products chosen by the customer , presenting cross - sell products to the customer based on information known by the financial institution or currently received from the customer , and allowing a pending customer to complete the online application procedure in the absence of a confirmed identification of the online customer . | 6 |
a target for use in aligning masks used in producing microcircuits which is of a size that can be printed on a microcircuit chip without interfering with the lines thereon , consisting only of lines vertically or diagonally disposed with respect to the image transducer is disclosed . also disclosed is an automatic system for aligning such targets . | 6 |
a dds remarkably increased in the number of frequencies which can be output while maintaining the phase coherency , and an nmr instrument using such a dds are provided . a dds including phase accumulators and a phase - to - amplitude modulator is provided with a plurality of phase accumulators operating with fixed phase implements which are equal to powers of 2 , a controller for outputting each bit of a frequency tuning word as control data , a plurality of switches for outputting an output of an associated one of the phase accumulators when an associated one of the control data supplied from the controller is 1 and outputting 0 when the associated one of the control data is 0 , and an adder for adding up outputs of the switches . | 6 |
"We determined the minimum variability timescale (MVT) of GRB230307A (Fermi GBM team, GCN 33405; Xiong et al., GCN 33406; Xiao & Krucker, GCN 33410; Cosentini et al., GCN 33412; Navaneeth et al., GCN 33415) from the Fermi/GBM light curve (NaI detectors 10 and 6) following the prescriptions of Camisasca et al. (2023), i.e. as the minimum full width half maximum (FWHM_min) of all statistically significant pulses, and found FWHM_min = 28 (-7, +10) ms. Combined with the T90=34.56 +- 0.6 s (Fermi GBM team, GCN 33405), in the T90-FWHM_min plot GRB230307A (purple star in the Figure below) lies in the region populated by other long-lasting merger candidates, such as also GRB191019A (green star in Figure; Levan et al. 2023; Lazzati et al. 2023). In particular, it lies very close to the merger GRB211211A (Gompertz et al. 2023; Mei et al. 2022; Rastinejad et al. 2022; Troja et al 2022; Yang et al 2022). Despite its long duration and complex light curve, its short MVT therefore supports the merger origin for GRB230307A, as suggested by the possible evidence for kilonova emission reported by Levan et al. (GCN 33569). In addition, assuming a redshift z=0.065 (Gillanders et al. GCN 33485), a fluence of 3.6e-3 erg cm-2 (Svinkin et al. GCN 33427) would correspond to Eiso=3.7e52 erg. Combined with Ep~1 MeV (Svinkin et al.), the position of GRB230307A in the Ep-Eiso plane seems to be more compatible with short rather than long GRBs. http://www.fe.infn.it/u/guidorzi/T90_vs_FWHMmin_neu.pdf (Figure adapted from Camisasca et al. 2023) References - Camisasca et al., 2023, A&A, 671, A112, https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245657 - Gompertz et al., 2023, Nature Astronomy, 7, 67 - Lazzati et al., 2023, arXiv:2303.12935 - Levan et al., 2023, arXiv:2303.12912 - Mei et al., 2022, Nature, 612, 236 - Rastinejad et al., 2022, Nature, 612, 223 - Troja et al., 2022, Nature, 612, 228 - Yang et al., 2022, Nature, 612, 232 | 9 |
a filter structure used with a dynamic element matching encoder for a sigma - delta digital - to - analog converter is presented . a sampled input sequence having undesired frequency tones is divided into even and odd data sub - sequences . each of the sub - sequences is processed by a dynamic element matching encoder , with a transfer function h . the resulting processed sub - sequences are combined into an output sequence . the undesired frequency tones are substantially reduced in the output sequence . | 7 |
systems and methods of visualizing assets are disclosed that include registering assets into a system , creating a correlation between the location of the assets and a physical representation of the operational area , determining the status and class of the assets , selecting at least one asset , and exerting control over the at least one asset . | 6 |
polymer precursor materials are vaporized without polymerization or are removed from a raw naphtha fraction by passing the raw naphtha to a vaporization zone and vaporizing the naphtha in the presence of a wash oil while stripping with hot hydrogen to prevent polymer deposits in the equipment . | 2 |
an improved charger eraser assembly for an electrophotographic copying machine is provided . in a first mode of operation selected by the user , a uniform erasure of a predetermined area of the photoreceptor drum can be accomplished . in a second mode of operation , an imprinting of alphanumeric information on the photoreceptor drum can be achieved . the illumination emitting unit includes a plurality of individual controllable light emitting elements . the illumination emitting unit can be controlled to be moved relative to the photoreceptor drum to permit the light rays of adjacent light emitting elements to either overlap or to abut each other on the photoreceptor drum . alternatively , a lens array can be inserted in the optical path for controlling the position of the light rays of the adjacent elements . | 6 |
according to a disclosed embodiment , a first plurality of pilot signals of a first polarization is received and ranked . subsequently , a second plurality of pilot signals of a second polarization is received and ranked . following , a pilot signal from the first and second pluralities of pilot signals is selected based on a signal quality measurement such as a signal to interference ratio . moreover , a system can be constructed comprising antennas configured to receive pilot signals of a first and a second polarization . the system further comprises a receiver configured to demodulate the pilot signals and a cpu configured to rank the pilot signals and to select a pilot signal based on a signal quality measurement . communication quality is improved by communicating with the base transceiver station transmitting the pilot signal providing the highest signal quality measurement . | 7 |
a method of generating electricity in synthesis gas in which a fuel is combusted in a gas turbine to generate the electricity that at least about 60 percent by volume is derived from a source independent of the synthesis gas . the synthesis gas is produced by reacting a hydrocarbon stream , by for example , partial oxidation , autothermal reforming or steam methane reforming . after the synthesis gas stream is cooled , heat is transferred from the heated synthesis gas stream to the fuel prior to combustion in the gas turbine . all or at least a portion of the heat is transferred at a temperature no greater than about 500 ° f . and at a flow ratio of the fuel to the gas turbine to the synthesis gas stream from at least about 1 . 5 . the heating of the fuel to the gas turbine lowers fuel consumption and thereby the total expenses involved in generating electricity and syngas . | 5 |
The Galactic diffuse emission (GDE) is formed when cosmic rays leave the sources where they were accelerated, diffusively propagate in the Galactic magnetic field and interact with the interstellar medium and interstellar radiation field. GDE in γ-rays (GDE-γ) has been observed up to subpetaelectronvolt energies, although its origin may be explained by either cosmic-ray nuclei or electrons. Here we show that the γ-rays accompanying the high-energy neutrinos recently observed by the IceCube Observatory from the Galactic plane have a flux that is consistent with the GDE-γ observed by the Fermi-LAT and Tibet ASγ experiments around 1 TeV and 0.5 PeV, respectively. The consistency suggests that the diffuse γ-ray emission above ~1 TeV could be dominated by hadronuclear interactions, although a partial leptonic contribution cannot be excluded. Moreover, by comparing the fluxes of the Galactic and extragalactic diffuse emission backgrounds, we find that the neutrino luminosity of the Milky Way is one-to-two orders of magnitude lower than the average of distant galaxies. This finding implies that our Galaxy has not hosted the type of neutrino emitters that dominates the isotropic neutrino background at least in the past few tens of kiloyears. | 9 |
an object lifting , pulling and digging apparatus has a pair of jaws that can be opened to enable positioning the jaws around a post , tree , and / or bush then closed around the post , tree , and / or bush . the jaws can then be raised to pull the post , tree , and / or bush from the ground . the jaws of the apparatus can also be closed and angled downwardly to drive the distal ends of the jaws into the ground , where the jaws can then be moved upwardly to dig the post , tree , and / or bush from the ground . the apparatus can easily be attached to a vehicle equipped with a universal quick attach hitch and having auxiliary hydraulics , for example , a “ skid steer ” type farm or construction vehicle . | 0 |
a method for managing the manufacture of a printed product , the method including determining by a project management system a product definition for digitally representing the printed product ; determining a planning for manufacturing the printed product ; proposing a modification of the product definition due to a constraint of the planning ; requesting a person for approval of the modification of the product definition . | 6 |
a semiconductor device , specifically a complementary metal oxide semiconductor device , has a substrate on which are formed first and second field effect transistors . each of the field effect transistors comprises a source - drain region , a channel of either an n - type or a p - type conductivity semiconductor material formed on the substrate , a first gate region , and a first dielectric region that separates the first channel from the first gate region . however , dissimilar semiconductor materials are used to form the channel regions of the first and second field effect transistors so that high electron and hole mobility can be achieved . | 7 |
a method for producing carbon nanotubes , the method comprising : providing a substrate with a top surface , forming an island of catalyst material on the top surface using a tip having a patterning compound thereon , heating the substrate and catalyst island , and contacting the catalyst island with a carbon - containing gas for a period of time sufficient to form the nanotubes on the catalyst island . | 3 |
a method that is useable with a wireless medium and local stations includes communicating a request between one of the local stations and a central authority to reserve a time slot for transmitting from the local station . the central authority is used to selectively reserve the time slot based on at least in part a reservation schedule . if the central authority reserves the time slot , then during the time slot , the central authority prevents the other local stations from transmitting . | 7 |
embodiments of the present invention address deficiencies of the art in respect to response subscriptions and provide a method , system and computer program product for response tracking across social networks . in one embodiment of the invention , a social networking response tracking method can be provided . the method can be performed by client - side logic and can include associating subscribers with a user or a group of users based upon a posting by the user or a user in the group of users within a client computing device for the user , aggregating different postings from the user to correspondingly different forums disposed about a global computer communications network , and , notifying the subscribers of the aggregated postings . | 7 |
a preparation membrane for pervaporation which comprises a crosslinked reaction mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl alcohol copolymer and a polystyrene sulfonic acid or polystyrene sulfonic acid copolymer . a method for separating a mixture of water and an organic compound by using the membrane is also disclosed . | 8 |
transistor gate linewidths can be made to be effectively smaller by etching a notch at the bottom of the gate to reduce the effective linewidth . this can be done by etching at a layer interface , such as a silicon - germanium interface in an over - etch step . | 7 |
a fuzzy backward reasoning system which includes a memory section for storing a causality table having n × m elements , a first generating section for reading out the causality table from the memory section and generating basic and auxiliary matrix tables and an input effect matrix table , a second generating section for generating a minimum matrix table and a third generating section for generating from the basic and auxiliary tables a check matrix table . the invention further includes a modifying section for modifying the checking matrix table to selectively reset each flag therein in accordance with corresponding elements of the basic and minimum matrix tables and a fourth generating section for generating from elements having the flags set of the checking matrix table and the basic and minimum matrix tables a cause matrix table , wherein cause matrix table element interval data represents a certainty of a corresponding cause . | 8 |
systems and methods for determining the spectral arrangement of a composite signal that includes a plurality of individual signals , so that one or more individual signals may be separated from the composite signal . according to one embodiment , a first set of samples are taken from the composite signal during a first time duration , and a second set of samples are taken from the composite signal during a second time duration . the first and second time durations are selected such that at least a portion of the second time duration does not temporally overlap the first time duration . a weighing function is applied to the first and second sets of samples to generate weighted sample sets . the autocorrelation between the first and second weighted sample sets is measured , thereby providing information about the bandwidth occupancies of each of a plurality of individual signals within the bandwidth of the composite signal . | 7 |
Based on the Gaia DR3 RR Lyrae catalogue, we use two methods to fit the density profiles with an improved broken power law, and find that there are two break radii coinciding with the two apocentre pile-ups of high-eccentricity Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus (GSE) merger. Also, there is a break caused by the Sagittarius (Sgr) stream. Combining the positions of all breaks, we briefly analyse the metallicity and its dispersion as a function of r as well as its distribution in cylindrical coordinates. For the clean sample, the z-x ellipsoid axial ratio q in $36\, {\rm kpc}\, \lt \, r\, \lt \, 96\, {\rm kpc}$ becomes much smaller than that of the inner halo $(r\, \lt \, 36\, {\rm kpc})$, while the major axis has a large uncertainty in the region of $36-66\, {\rm kpc}$ and the one in the region of $66-96\, {\rm kpc}$ is obviously different from that dominated by the Hercules-Aquila Cloud (HAC) and the Virgo Overdensity (VOD) in the inner halo, which indicates that there is an over-density structure distributed at low-zenithal angles. Finally, we found that the over-density structure in the outer halo ($r\, \gt \, 50\, {\rm kpc}$) is shell-shaped and relatively metal-rich compared to the outer background halo. We conclude that the shells could be the apocentre pile-ups of the high-eccentricity GSE merger, which is supported by previous numerical simulations. | 9 |
a method for reassigning a section out of a plurality of sections of a digitally represented printed product from an original signature to a new signature for producing said section , the method including displaying a table on a computer display , wherein the table includes a list of items , each item representing a section and including a section identifier , a signature identifier associated to the section identifier and representing a signature to which the section is assigned and a signature portion index indicating a portion of the signature corresponding to the section ; selecting on the computer display a specific item including a specific signature portion index ; and moving on the computer display the specific signature portion index from one item to another one , thereby assigning a different section to a specific signature having the specific signature portion index . | 6 |
a method is described for forming patterns in deposited overlayers on gaas and for aligning the formed patterns with etch features produced through dry processing . the deposited overlayers on gaas are protected during pattern formation and subsequent processing by a durable , process integrable mask of hydrogenated amorphous carbon . | 8 |
a fire and smoke heat detector alarm device that employs a combination of indoor and outdoor alarms with a user delay and off access control activation input . the warning alarm device has interior and remote control access including battery backup and pro - active threat mitigation of optional gas supply cut - off . | 6 |
a mobile recycling cart having a plurality of vertically stacked selectively - removable shelves on which are selectively stored a number of waste materials baskets . the baskets are removable from the cart and may be manually carried to a recycling source in a home or an office and then returned to the cart . alternately , the cart may be wheeled to and left at curbside for pick - up of the recyclables . the cart is simple to assemble , easy to use and completely safe , when properly used . | 1 |
an intravascular implant and methods of using the implant within the vasculature of the body , for example near a vascular aneurysm , are disclosed . a method of treating an aneurysm includes positioning a vascular graft comprising a tubular channel having a first end and a second end in a blood vessel , securing the vascular graft in place with an expandable anchoring member , and filling a seal cuff on the vascular graft , wherein the seal cuff extends radially outward beyond an exterior surface of the vascular graft , wherein the seal cuff comprises a first seal portion and a second seal portion and wherein the first seal portion is separated from the second seal portion by a first gap and a second gap along a circumference of the seal cuff . | 0 |
GK Per, a classical nova of 1901, is thought to undergo variable mass accretion on to a magnetized white dwarf (WD) in an intermediate polar system. We organized a multimission observational campaign in the X-ray and ultraviolet energy ranges during its dwarf nova outburst in 2015 March-April. Comparing data from quiescence and near outburst, we have found that the maximum plasma temperature decreased from about 26 to 16.2^{+0.5}_{-0.4} keV. This is consistent with the previously proposed scenario of increase in mass accretion rate while the inner radius of the magnetically disrupted accretion disc shrinks, thereby lowering the shock temperature. A NuSTAR observation also revealed a high-amplitude WD spin modulation of the very hard X-rays with a single-peaked profile, suggesting an obscuration of the lower accretion pole and an extended shock region on the WD surface. The X-ray spectrum of GK Per measured with the Swift X-Ray Telescope varied on time-scales of days and also showed a gradual increase of the soft X-ray flux below 2 keV, accompanied by a decrease of the hard flux above 2 keV. In the Chandra observation with the High Energy Transmission Gratings, we detected prominent emission lines, especially of Ne, Mg and Si, where the ratios of H-like to He-like transition for each element indicate a much lower temperature than the underlying continuum. We suggest that the X-ray emission in the 0.8-2 keV range originates from the magnetospheric boundary. | 9 |
the present invention relates to compounds that are useful in the treatment of viruses belonging to flaviviridae , including flaviviruses , pestiviruses , and hepaciviruses . the invention includes compounds useful for the treatment or prophylaxis of dengue fever , yellow fever , west nile virus , and hcv . | 0 |
the present technology is the use of the combination to treat a patient and the treatment of a patient . sine waves are generated digitally by the combination . data validation is used to ensure correct directional alignment prior to device activation . patient safety and consistency in treatment protocols are considered in the spinal and upper cervical impulse treatment design . a patient is treated with smooth sinusoidal waveform with a force of about 8 n to about 12 . 2 n with a z - axis of acceleration of about 0 . 5 g to about 5g at about 5 hertz to about 200 hertz . treatment conditions can be varied depending upon the size of the patient , which includes human and veterinary patients . the method is non - invasive . | 0 |
a method of controlling the braking of a driving wheel of a vehicle , for braking driving wheel brakes in response to an occurrence of slipping of the driving wheels , includes the steps of applying a predetermined braking force from the brakes to the driving wheels in response to a manual operation before the starting of movement of the vehicle , gradually reducing the braking force of the brakes in response to the starting movement of the vehicle before the slip of the driving wheels is detected . | 1 |
the present invention refers to a new formulation able to increase the efficacy and the tolerability of preparations based on the use of compounds used to carry out chemical peeling . more particularly , the present invention refers to a composition for chemical peeling , comprising at least one keratolytic agent and dimethyl isosorbide . the composition may additionally comprise dimethyl sulphone . | 0 |
a visor having a curved transparent plate includes a photochromic material layer detachably mounted on the transparent plate . the photochromic material layer including a photochromic pigment is provided at the convex outer side of the transparent plate and a seal element is provided at a location to maintain a certain spacing between the transparent plate and the photochromic material layer and to prevent water ingress between the two surfaces . an anti - scratch coating is applied at an outer side of the photochromic material layer . | 6 |
a novel apparatus and method is disclosed for a plasmatron fuel converter that efficiently uses electrical energy to produce hydrogen rich gas . the plasmatron has multiple decoupled gas flow apertures or channels for performing multiple functions including fuel atomization , wall protection , plasma shaping , and downstream mixing . in one aspect , the invention is a plasmatron fuel converter comprising a first electrode and a second electrode separated from the first electrode by an electrical insulator and disposed to create a gap with respect to the first electrode so as to form a discharge region adapted to receive a reactive mixture . a power supply is connected to the first and second electrodes and adapted to provide voltage and current sufficient to generate a plasma discharge within the discharge region . fluid flows are established in the vicinity of the plasma discharge region by multiple decoupled flow establishing means . | 1 |
a system is provided for enhancing the interconnectability of a bathtub to a plumbing system . more specifically , provided is a flexible conduit and an overflow assembly that allows for a portion of the overflow assembly to be easily located with the wall of a bathtub . the flexible conduit provided allows for adjustability of the conduit to the openings of the bathtub . in addition , provided are methods and apparatus that facilitate testing of a plumbing assembly . finally , an apparatus and methods are provided that protect portions of the finished bathtub assembly to decrease in the need for replacing said hardware . it is envisioned that aspects and inventions disclosed herein can be used in conjunction to facilitate the interconnection and protection of hardware associated with a bathtub . | 4 |
this invention relates to a new form of amphotericin b which comprises a complex of amphotericin b and succinic acid . this new form of amphotericin b is more active than amphotericin b itself and has the particular advantage of being soluble in acidic or alkaline solutions . | 2 |
a conveyor for compressing cigarette blocks to an appropriate size for packaging having a plurality of open cell bodies , each body defining an open cell therein , for receiving cigarette blocks in a configuration corresponding to that of cigarettes in a cigarette pack . each cell body is comprised of a single piece of sheet metal which has been bent into a generally u - shape and each cell body has first and second longitudinal walls , spaced at a distance corresponding to the height of the cigarette block to be received therein , and an end wall therebetween such that said longitudinal walls and said end wall cooperate to form the generally u - shaped body . the conveyor further including a plurality of closure elements , for selectively opening and closing the open end of the cell bodies . | 1 |
a system and method for reducing bottlenecks on a computer bus , by offloading specific types of high - bandwidth data from the system bus and passing that data directly to specialized target busses . in the computer system , the system bus , typically a pci bus , is monitored for addresses corresponding to specific target devices . when these addresses are detected , the corresponding data is diverted from the system bus to the appropriate specialized bus . by doing so , bandwidth across the system bus is reduced , and the specialized data , which may be time - sensitive or real - time audio or video , is passes rapidly to the appropriate processor . | 6 |
this invention concerns the application of substantially amorphous fluoropolymer compositions to stone so as to protect the stone from the deleterious effects of water and pollution . | 8 |
in the course of an application involving real - time notification of a client by a telephone switching system , a connection between the client and a server is opened . notification messages transmitted from the telephone switching system to the server are adjusted and sent to the client in the format of a programming language code executable by the client &# 39 ; s browser . the programming language codes are subsequently executed by the browser , whereby the respective notification messages are displayed at the client . for transmission of the notification messages from the server to the browser , as streaming method such as http streaming is use so that the connection remains open while notification messages are to be sent . the presented method can be based on standardized protocols , entails little protocol overhead and allows for facile treatment of security issues . | 7 |
a cold - cathode flat panel display using thin - film - transistor anode circuit is disclosed . associated with each pixel element is a tft circuit comprising first and second transistors electrically cascaded and a capacitor in communication with an output of the first device and an input of the second transistor used to selectively address pixel elements in the display and hold pixels in their selected states for the frame time . cold cathode sources are used to emit electrons that are drawn to selected pixel elements that include phosphor areas , which emit light of a known wavelength when struck by the emitted electrons . | 7 |
a database of a host computer stores attribute data , such as price , of many products . the database is accessed by wireless transmission on a real - time basis to automatically retrieve the price of a selected product . the retrieved data is printed on paper in human - readable form by a printer . the paper and the selected product are presented to a check - out site to complete purchase of the product . | 6 |
a catheter , and preferably a urinary catheter , is disclosed , comprising an elongate shaft , an insertable end formed in or connected to one end of the elongate shaft , and a discharge end formed in or connected to the opposite end of the elongate shaft . further , the catheter further comprises an insertion aid at least partly encircling the discharge end , and being integrally and releasably connected to the discharge end . hereby , easy production is achieved , and at the same time , the insertion aid may easily be removed for use as an insertion aid when using the catheter . | 0 |
an infusion pump unit includes a housing sized to allow the pump unit to be carried as a portable unit . the housing contains a controllable pumping system for pumping fluid . the pump actuator is lighter , smaller , quieter and less power consuming . | 0 |
the invention comprises a ratchet style flare nut wrench which incorporates an assembly to provide a torqueing function and ratchet effect . the assembly includes a wrench body capable of providing torque delivery through three rotating cylindrical cams which contact the nut . the cylindrical cams then rotate when reversing the direction of the wrench assembly so that a cutout portion of the cylindrical cams allows the nut points to pass by . two cylinder cams are mounted on movable guide blocks which adjust the wrench for different size nuts . | 1 |
a substantially hollow , closed container includes within it a capillary structure and a fluid . the container is adapted for positioning in proximity to a piece of equipment from which heat needs to be removed . in one embodiment , the container is positioned near a heat shield of a vehicular brake component . | 5 |
We present a new method for determining the Galactic gravitational potential based on forward modeling of tidal stellar streams. We use this method to test the performance of smooth and static analytic potentials in representing realistic dark matter halos, which have substructure and are continually evolving by accretion. Our FAST-FORWARD method uses a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to compare, in six-dimensional phase space, an "observed" stream to models created in trial analytic potentials. We analyze a large sample of streams that evolved in the Via Lactea II (VL2) simulation, which represents a realistic Galactic halo potential. The recovered potential parameters are in agreement with the best fit to the global, present-day VL2 potential. However, merely assuming an analytic potential limits the dark matter halo mass measurement to an accuracy of 5%-20%, depending on the choice of analytic parameterization. Collectively, the mass estimates using streams from our sample reach this fundamental limit, but individually they can be highly biased. Individual streams can both under- and overestimate the mass, and the bias is progressively worse for those with smaller perigalacticons, motivating the search for tidal streams at galactocentric distances larger than 70 kpc. We estimate that the assumption of a static and smooth dark matter potential in modeling of the GD-1- and Pal5-like streams introduces an error of up to 50% in the Milky Way mass estimates. | 9 |
From the masses of the planets orbiting the Sun, and the abundance of elements relative to hydrogen, it is estimated that when the Solar System formed, the circumstellar disk must have had a minimum mass of around 0.01 solar masses within about 100 astronomical units of the star. (One astronomical unit is the Earth-Sun distance.) The main constituent of the disk, gaseous molecular hydrogen, does not efficiently emit radiation from the disk mass reservoir, and so the most common measure of the disk mass is dust thermal emission and lines of gaseous carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide emission generally indicates properties of the disk surface, and the conversion from dust emission to gas mass requires knowledge of the grain properties and the gas-to-dust mass ratio, which probably differ from their interstellar values. As a result, mass estimates vary by orders of magnitude, as exemplified by the relatively old (3-10 million years) star TW Hydrae, for which the range is 0.0005-0.06 solar masses. Here we report the detection of the fundamental rotational transition of hydrogen deuteride from the direction of TW Hydrae. Hydrogen deuteride is a good tracer of disk gas because it follows the distribution of molecular hydrogen and its emission is sensitive to the total mass. The detection of hydrogen deuteride, combined with existing observations and detailed models, implies a disk mass of more than 0.05 solar masses, which is enough to form a planetary system like our own. | 9 |
a garment is constructed by forming panels of first and second matching layers of two new and useful polyester fabrics sewn together along their edges . the composite panels are sewn together in such a fashion as to create a garment that will provide an effective barrier to dirt and dust particles . | 0 |
a pipe coupling for connecting pipes of the same or different diameters . the coupling has a barrel sleeve with clamping rings on each end . the clamping rings each carry nested seals . an inner portion of each nested seal may be removed so as to adapt the clamping ring to different pipe diameters . each clamping ring is hinged , but becomes iron - bound upon tightening , so that each ring eventually bends as a unitary ring member . | 5 |
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