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disclosed are formulations adapted to form a foamed cementitious composition , the foamed cementitious composition itself , a method of forming a hydraulic binder foam , and a method of conveying and applying the resulting foam to a substrate . a pumpable cementitious slurry is formed , the slurry is mixed with a gas such as air , and is subjected to mechanically created turbulence to generate gas bubbles and create a foam , which preferably is stabilized by a foam stabilizing agent such as polyvinyl alcohol present in the slurry . the foam is then conveyed to a nozzle or other suitable dispense point from which it is applied , for example sprayed , preferably uniformly , onto a substrate to be coated . prior to dispensing , a set accelerator is preferably injected , which causes the foam to gel , which in turn improves the hangability of the product on a substrate . the spray material adheres to the substrate and hardens to form an insulative coating on the substrate . also disclosed are dry compositions comprising a hydratable cementitious binder , a mechanical foam stabilizing agent , and optionally a fibrous component , set retarder and air entraining agent , said composition providing , on the addition of water , gas and mechanical turbulence , a settable foam which is capable of spray application to a steel structural member and which , after spray application , is adherent to the member in the foamed state and after setting . the foam after setting , forms a fire and heat protective adherent coating on the member . | 1 |
an arrangement for monitoring a rotational speed sensor of an internal combustion engine having a starter and a rotational speed sensor which supplies an output signal in dependence on a rotational speed , has a unit for measuring a vehicle electrical system voltage , and a control device in which an output signal of the rotational speed sensor is related to a vehicle electrical system voltage and an error operation of the rotational speed sensor is monitored . the measuring unit and the control device are formed so that for error recognition a course of the vehicle electrical system voltage is evaluated during a starting process of the internal combustion engine , and an error recognition is released only when a typical course of a starting process for the vehicle electrical system voltage is recognized and simultaneously no output signal of the rotational speed sensor is recognized . | 6 |
a resurfacer for a belt of an elevator system includes a resurfacing roller having a selected surface roughness and a heater element to heat the belt to a selected temperature . a biasing element urges the resurfacing roller into contact with the belt and applies a selected pressure to the belt . a method for altering a surface roughness of a belt of an elevator system includes positioning a resurfacing roller having a selected surface roughness at an outer surface of the belt and heating the belt to a selected temperature . a selected pressure is applied to the belt via the resurfacing roller . the belt is passed along the resurfacing roller and the surface roughness of the belt is altered via the resurfacing roller . | 1 |
spectral - purity filters are disclosed that produce a stream of “ spf gas ” through which a beam of light , particularly a beam including extreme ultraviolet light , is allowed to pass . the spf can be located in a system that receives a beam of euv - containing light from a source and delivers the beam to a downstream euv - optical system , wherein the beam from the source passes through the spf to the optical system . the gaseous spf is formulated and configured to enrich the beam in at least one euv wavelength as the beam passes through the gaseous spf . for enrichment of euv wavelengths , an exemplary spf gas is zrcl 4 . the stream of spf gas can be sheathed in an inert “ sheath gas .” the gaseous spf is usable in a vacuum environment , in which used spf gas , and sheath gas if used , is collected . | 6 |
an external preparation formulation superior in the transdermal absorbability has been desired as a new administration route of aripiprazole . transdermal absorption of aripiprazole has been enabled for the first time by appropriately combining aripiprazole and an organic acid . that is , it has been found that more superior transdermal absorbability can be achieved by forming a salt by using a compound showing lipophilicity within the range of − 1 . 5 - 2 , such as fatty acid and the like . it has been further found that the transdermal absorbability is remarkable improved by appropriately selecting the solvent composition . as a result , since a new dosage form of aripiprazole other than oral preparation has been developed , a new transdermal absorption preparation of aripiprazole can be provided . | 0 |
ceiling fan energy consumption efficiency is enhanced with fan blades that have an angle attack that decreases from root end to tip end at higher rates of decrease nearer their tip ends than at their root ends . air flow distribution is enhanced with at least a portion of the blades having a dihedral that continuously increases . | 5 |
We describe the derivation and validation of redshift distribution estimates and their uncertainties for the populations of galaxies used as weak-lensing sources in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 cosmological analyses. The Bayesian Photometric Redshift (BPZ) code is used to assign galaxies to four redshift bins between z ≈ 0.2 and ≈1.3, and to produce initial estimates of the lensing-weighted redshift distributions n^i_PZ(z)∝ dn^i/dz for members of bin i. Accurate determination of cosmological parameters depends critically on knowledge of n<SUP>i</SUP>, but is insensitive to bin assignments or redshift errors for individual galaxies. The cosmological analyses allow for shifts n^i(z)=n^i_PZ(z-Δ z^i) to correct the mean redshift of n<SUP>i</SUP>(z) for biases in n^i_PZ. The Δz<SUP>i</SUP> are constrained by comparison of independently estimated 30-band photometric redshifts of galaxies in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field to BPZ estimates made from the DES griz fluxes, for a sample matched in fluxes, pre-seeing size, and lensing weight to the DES weak-lensing sources. In companion papers, the Δz<SUP>i</SUP> of the three lowest redshift bins are further constrained by the angular clustering of the source galaxies around red galaxies with secure photometric redshifts at 0.15 < z < 0.9. This paper details the BPZ and COSMOS procedures, and demonstrates that the cosmological inference is insensitive to details of the n<SUP>i</SUP>(z) beyond the choice of Δz<SUP>i</SUP>. The clustering and COSMOS validation methods produce consistent estimates of Δz<SUP>i</SUP> in the bins where both can be applied, with combined uncertainties of σ_{Δ z^i}=0.015, 0.013, 0.011, and 0.022 in the four bins. Repeating the photo-z procedure instead using the Directional Neighbourhood Fitting algorithm, or using the n<SUP>i</SUP>(z) estimated from the matched sample in COSMOS, yields no discernible difference in cosmological inferences. | 9 |
Holds photochemical model outputs and processing code associated with Ranjan, Schwieterman, Leung et al. 2023 (ApJL, accepted). By running scripts in this repository, use can generate all plots from main text of the paper, as well as the table entries in the paper and Appendix. If you make use of this, please cite the parent ApJL article. For questions, concerns, bugreports, etc please contact [email protected] Appendices: calculate_mean_CO2_XC.py Main text: go to hu-code-sr-co-runaway. This Zenodo version corresponds to Revision 1 (in response to Referee Report 1). | 9 |
a method and computer graphics program executed by a processor for interactively subdividing a region in a computer controlled graphics display system is described . the user directly manipulates a control object using a pointing device such as a computer mouse with the result that the region exposing the control object is evenly divided into an array or volume of smaller regions . the distance from the position of the start of interaction with the control object is continuously monitored to interactively update the number of divisions in the horizontal and vertical directions . example displays during this interaction phase include overlaid grids representing the actual position of pending subdivisions , or a matrix of abstract subregions representing the count of subregions that will be created when the user indicates that the interaction is complete by releasing the control object . upon release of the control object , the previewed splits to the region are converted to real splits in the region . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a circuit for controlling at least one led and to a light - and / or signal element including said circuit , wherein the circuit facilitates an optimum utilization of any input voltage provided by an energy source and provides constant light intensity of the leds independent from an input voltage . for this purpose , the circuit contains a step - up converter arranged in the circuit in a way such that the step - up converter outputs a voltage adapted to a forward voltage of the at least one led at a constant current independent from an input voltage provided by the energy source . | 7 |
This is a small release that adds a new method Skeleton.save_swc to save skeletonization results to a SWC file. | 9 |
a device and a method for inputting a text message on a mobile terminal . the device includes : a user input section for allowing a user to input characters , select a menu or input a command ; a memory including an additional comment storing section ; a control section for determining whether a user inputs any additional comment after inputting a message through the user input section , reading the additional comment from the memory and inserting the additional comment to the input message to complete a text message to be sent ; and a display section for displaying any input through the user input section . the method for inputting a text message on a mobile terminal comprises : inputting a message ; determining whether a user wishes to add a comment to the input message ; and inserting an additional comment stored in a memory to the input message to complete a text message to be sent . | 6 |
an improved method and apparatus for catching and holding a ball , plug or dart during oil and gas well operations employs a specially configured tool body that accepts a ball or a plug or a dart that flows downwardly into the tool body but disallows escape or discharge of the ball , plug or dart upwardly . the tool body has first and second flow channels or passages , one being generally axially aligned with the tool body . the other flow channel or passage is a second channel or passage that enables fluid flow around a cavity that contains one or more captive plugs ). | 4 |
in a dynamic circuit , when only between a precharge node and an intermediate node through a plurality of logical - operating mos transistors is conducted , the potential of the precharge node approximately drops to high *} from high , where c 1 represents the capacitance of the precharge node and c 2 represents the capacitance of the intermediate node . thereafter , with the charge from a power supply , the precharge node returns to high . at this charge sharing time , the amount of charge supply from the power supply is adjusted to suppress voltage drop of the precharge node , thereby reducing noise . | 7 |
a click conversion score is a tool to provide a new “ ad - exchange ” for connecting publishers and advertisers in the pay - per - click advertising market . the ccs provides checks and balances into the ad - exchange by assessing the quality of traffic each publisher provides advertisers using an adaptive , multi - dimensional profiling system . this assessment is directly used in the charges billed the advertisers . the score is adaptive , and highly dependent on the conversion feedback loop provided by advertisers . a ccs system scores each click and each resulting conversion an advertiser receives from the ad - exchange . in the preferred implementation , the score reflects a ratio of the measured conversion rate for a publisher &# 39 ; s traffic with the “ expected ” conversion rate based upon advertisers histories . | 6 |
in one embodiment , the invention provides a method for manufacturing an array of interferometric modulators . each interferometric modulator comprises first and second optical layers which when the interferometric modulator is in an undriven state are spaced by a gap of one size , and when the interferometric modulator is in a driven state are spaced by a gap of another size , the size of the gap determining an optical response of the interferometric modulator . the method comprises fabricating interferometric modulators of a first type characterized by the size of the gap between its first and second optical layers when in the undriven state ; fabricating interferometric modulators of a second type characterized by the size of the gap between its first and second optical layers when in the undriven state ; and fabricating modulators of a third type characterized by the size of the gap between its first and second optical layers when in the undriven state , wherein fabricating the interferometric modulators of the first , second , and third types comprises using a sequence of deposition and patterning steps of not more than 9 masking steps to deposit and pattern layers of material on a substrate . | 6 |
a combinatorial annotated image set consists of photographic images of a given subject and meta data concerning the images . the meta data includes labels which may consist of several forms including photographs of objects and english phrases . a method is described herein to generate combinatorial annotated image sets having a plurality of images and labels . | 6 |
electron - optical systems are disclosed that are especially useful in mapping - projection electron microscopy and related uses . the systems achieve high magnification with excellent control of aberrations , and low magnification at wide optical fields with excellent control of aberrations . | 7 |
the embodiments of the invention generally relate to a novel magnet arrangement to further enhance the performance of the array . the new arrangement of magnets can result in significantly much higher percentage gain in magnetic flux with respect to the largest magnetic flux of a component magnet , as compared to halbach array configurations . | 7 |
a latch mechanism is provided for an automatic washer / dryer combination unit which positively latches the lid of the washer unit upon rotation of the washer lid to an open position . the latch mechanism operates automatically by gravitational action after rotation of the lid past the latch pin . no mechanical or magnetic forces are required for the latching action . further , the latch mechanism is adaptable to latch differently sized lids in different mounting arrangements . | 8 |
apparatus for connecting an hv cable to the cathode of an x - ray tube is provided with a housing disposed for attachment to the x - ray tube , and a quantity of epoxy or other electric insulating material contained within the housing . the epoxy serves to insulate the exposed end portions of the hv cable conductors , which extend beyond the cable insulation for insertion into the x - ray tube casing . the connector apparatus further includes a heat transfer device , such as a heat pipe , which extends long the cable within the connector housing . a quantity of working fluid contained in the heat transfer device is disposed for bi - directional movement along the device to transfer heat from a first location within the insulating material to a second location proximate to the housing . | 5 |
an interlock system prevents collision of handling equipment and damage to wafers in an automated wafer transport apparatus during manual control by an operator . sensors are used to sense when wafer transport arms and wafer stage are both in their home positions . a controller is responsive to the sensors for operating the lockout system such that attempted activation of the transport arm by the operator is locked out unless both the stage and the arms are in their home positions . the lockout system preferably comprises normally closed electrical relays . | 8 |
a reflector for dental and surgical operating room light fixtures exhibits , in a first cutting plane , an elliptic contour . a parabolic contour is exhibited in a second cutting plane vertical to this first cutting plane . the center of the lamp filament is in the common focal point of the ellipse and parabola . a fine light - diffusing structure overlies the light - reflecting surface to improve the uniformity of the light field . | 8 |
a piezoelectric loudspeaker includes : a diaphragm ; a first piezoelectric material provided in a first area of the diaphragm ; and a second piezoelectric material provided in a second area of the diaphragm different from the first area . the second area has a sound reproduction band different from that of the first area . this piezoelectric loudspeaker has a wide reproduction frequency range . | 7 |
a device for self - administration of a measured amount of insulin by a diabetic patient by means of digital pressure upon a subcutaneous pump implanted over the sternum . | 8 |
We use a semi-analytic model for globular cluster (GC) formation built on dark matter merger trees to explore the relative role of formation physics and hierarchical assembly in determining the properties of GC populations. Many previous works have argued that the observed linear relation between total GC mass and halo mass points to a fundamental GC-dark matter connection or indicates that GCs formed at very high redshift before feedback processes introduced non-linearity in the baryon-to-dark matter mass relation. We demonstrate that at M_vir(z=0) ≳ 10^{11.5} M_{⊙}, a constant ratio between halo mass and total GC mass is in fact an almost inevitable consequence of hierarchical assembly: by the central limit theorem, it is expected at z = 0 independent of the GC-to-halo mass relation at the time of GC formation. The GC-to-halo mass relation at M_vir(z=0) < 10^{11.5} M_{⊙} is more sensitive to the details of the GC formation process. In our fiducial model, GC formation occurs in galaxies when the gas surface density exceeds a critical value. This model naturally predicts bimodal GC colour distributions similar to those observed in nearby galaxies and reproduces the observed relation between GC system metallicity and halo mass. It predicts that the cosmic GC formation rate peaked at z ∼ 4, too late for GCs to contribute significantly to the UV luminosity density during reionization. | 9 |
a device for supplying an alternate gas fuel to a gas - burning apparatus such that the gas - burning apparatus will receive and burn the alternate gas fuel , the gas - burning apparatus being of a type intended to burn a gas fuel which is different from the alternate fuel and is supplied at a pressure substantially different from that of the alternate fuel . the inventive device comprises : an inlet coupling attachable to a discharge fitting provided on the alternate fuel container and an outlet coupling downstream of the inlet coupling and attachable to an inlet fitting provided on the gas - burning apparatus . when the pressure of the alternate gas fuel is significantly greater than that of the intended fuel , the inventive device preferably also includes a restricting element for restricting flow of the alternate fuel through the device from the inlet coupling to the outlet coupling . | 5 |
a method of manufacturing a collimator mandrel having variable attenuation characteristics is presented . the manufacturing process includes the placement of a layer of attenuating material on a core of base material . the layer of attenuating material is relatively thin and varies in thickness circumferentially around the core . the collimator mandrel may be manufactured by placing a cast about a core of non - attenuating material , filling a void between the cast and the core with an attenuating material , allowing the material to cure , and removing the cast from the assembly . | 6 |
disclosed herein is device where one embodiment is for use in chemically treating hair , particularly highlighting or coloring hair . one embodiment of the device may be reusable , recyclable , and transparent . another embodiment of the device may comprise lightweight panels , at least a portion of which is transparent such that the stylist is able to view the results of the treatment process without opening the device . one embodiment of the device may be quickly and easily applied to and removed from the hair . another embodiment of the device may be easily produced where all components of the device are integrally manufactured . an embodiment may also be adapted to comprise at least two compartments , such that multiple different chemical products may be simultaneously applied , while still retaining the benefits and advantages of the device . | 0 |
a system for providing a user with prerecorded audio / visual information on a display unit , the system comprising a unit including an audio / visual display play mechanism ; means for detecting the presence of a user within the vicinity of the unit ; a library of stored audio / visual clips ; an auto - id reader , such as a bar code reader for indicating which of the stored audio / visual clips to use ; and means for playing the clip to attract the attention of the user by using the audio / visual play mechanism . | 6 |
a treater for electrostatically and / or mechanically separating emulsified brine from oil during longitudinal flow through a horizontally elongated metal tank , wherein adjustable distributor elements are provided for enhancement of the de - emulsification process . the adjustable distributor elements may be externally operated to more closely control the diffusion and distribution of the flowing emulsion across the transverse area of the treater . the emulsion may be first directed through electrical fields where the brine droplets take on an electrical charge , then move through the distributor elements to electrically grounded coalescing elements . de - emulsified oil is removed in a stream separate from the brine stream . the treater also operates mechanically , with reduced efficiency , when electrostatic operation is unavailable , and can also be operated if coalescing elements are not used . the externally - adjustable , louvered baffles may be accompanied by fixed , non - adjustable louvers at intermediate spacing between the externally - adjustable louvers to provide additional coalescing and flow direction that will enhance dehydration of the process stream , and become an integral extension component thereof . | 1 |
a method of reducing interference in a gps - equipped wireless device having a transmitter , the method comprising : acquiring a gps signal containing gps data ; decoding the gps data ; determining whether the gps data is valid ; when the gps data is not valid due to the interference , determining a transmit power level of the transmitter ; and when the transmit power is not zero , reducing the transmit power level by one step . | 6 |
a data transmission system includes : a data generation device generating data in each time slot ; a wireless access device ; a proxy device interconnecting the data generation device and the wireless access device via wired network ; and a mobile device connected to the wireless access device via wireless network and receiving the generated data . the proxy device includes in a packet the generated data in each time slot or the difference of the generated data between each time slot and a reference time slot associated therewith to generate a packetized data in accordance with data loss rate and data transmission delay in the wireless network and sends the packetized data to the wireless access device . the wireless access device determines an upper limit of retransmissions of the packetized data for the mobile device in accordance with the data loss rate and the data transmission delay in the wireless network . | 0 |
Currently, the Λ cold dark matter model, which relies on the existence of cold dark matter and a cosmological constant Λ, best describes the universe. However, we lack information in the high-redshift (z) region between Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia; up to z = 2.26) and the cosmic microwave background (z = 1100), an interval crucial to test cosmological models and their possible evolution. We have defined a sample of 983 quasars up to z = 7.54 with a reduced intrinsic dispersion δ = 0.007, which determines the matter density parameter Ω<SUB> M </SUB> with the same precision of SNe Ia. Although previous analysis have used quasars as cosmological tools, this is the first time that high-redshift sources, in this case quasars, as standalone cosmological probes yield such tight constraints on Ω<SUB> M </SUB>. Our results show the importance of correcting cosmological relationships for selection biases and redshift evolution and how the choice of a golden sample reduces considerably the intrinsic scatter. This proves the reliability of quasars as standard cosmological candles. | 9 |
in one aspect , the invention provides a method of making a nylon 6 / silicone polymer blend comprising the steps of preparing a silicone polymer emulsion comprising a silicone polymer dispersed in a liquid continuous phase ; introducing the silicone polymer emulsion into a nylon 6 ring opening reaction either prior to or during the nylon 6 ring opening reaction medium wherein the reaction medium comprises caprolactam ; and opening the ring and reacting the caprolactam , thereby providing a nylon 6 / silicone polymer emulsion blend . nylon 6 / silicone polymer blends are also provided by the invention herein . | 2 |
Understanding the connection between the properties of black holes (BHs) and their progenitors is interesting in many branches of astrophysics. Discovering BHs in detached orbits with luminous companions (LCs) promises to help create this map since the LC and BH progenitor are expected to have the same metallicity and formation time. We explore the possibility of detecting BH-LC binaries in detached orbits using photometric variations of the LC flux, induced by tidal ellipsoidal variation, relativistic beaming, and self-lensing. We create realistic present-day populations of detached BH-LC binaries in the Milky Way (MW) using binary population synthesis where we adopt observationally motivated initial stellar and binary properties, star formation history and present-day distribution of these sources in the MW based on detailed cosmological simulations. We test detectability of these sources via photometric variability by Gaia and TESS missions by incorporating their respective detailed detection biases as well as interstellar extinction. We find that Gaia (TESS) is expected to resolve ~700-1500 (~100-400) detached BH-LC binaries depending on the photometric precision and details of supernova physics. We find that ~369 BH-LC binaries would be common both in Gaia and TESS. Moreover, between ~80-270 (~70-290) of these BH-LC binaries can be further characterised using Gaia's radial velocity (astrometry) measurements. | 9 |
a head and neck restraint device controls the motion of the head and forces exerted upon the neck of a seated occupant in a decelerating vehicle . a body defines a collar , right and left legs and right and left wings . the collar is tethered to the helmet . each leg has belt interaction surfaces that provide a friction action on the shoulder straps . left and right extensions or wings residing under the shoulder strap rearward of the legs provide a restriction of rotation of the body and thus a binding action on the shoulder straps . a cantilever action is induced in generally forward impact by the tethers pulling on the collar of the body and the binding action on the shoulder straps reducing the forward motion of the body . the present restraint device does not attach to the structure of the vehicle , allows travel thereof with respect to the seated occupant , yet controls the motion of the occupant &# 39 ; s head in order to substantially reduce neck loads on the occupant . moreover present restraint device is not in contact with the occupant during normal operation and thus does not induce discomfort or fatigue . under general forward impact conditions , the occupant &# 39 ; s head motion is controlled with respect to the torso , yet the device will restrictively move with the driver &# 39 ; s head and torso along shoulder straps of a seat harness of the vehicle . | 1 |
new , flexible intumescent protection sheeting of unusually uniform thickness have been prepared from epoxy - polysulfide compositions containing microfibers and the ammonium salt of 1 , 4 - nitroaniline - 2 - sulfonic acid , as disclosed in u . s . pat . no . 3 , 663 , 464 , except that an ammonium salt particle size in the order of 5 to 8 microns and a fiber size of about 1 / 128th inch in length and 3 to 5 microns in diameter have been found critical to obtain the required density of 1 . 46 to 1 . 50 g / cc . the insulation sheeting is prepared by a continuous process involving vacuum mixing , calendering , and curing under very strict conditions which depend to some extent upon the thickness of the sheet produced . the resulting flexible sheet can be wrapped easily and tightly around small diameter missiles , thus affording them for the first time , protection from fire for at least 5 minutes . the material is also suited for the protection of other articles with convoluted or contoured surfaces , which require covering of highly uniform thickness . | 5 |
a method and associated tool for restoring or touching - up blemishes such as scratches and chips in an automotive paint finish is provided . the method includes the steps of applying a measured bead of relatively thick matching touch - up paint to a flexible blade and drawing the flexible blade across the blemish to deposit the touch - up paint in the blemish to restore the blemish . the tool comprises a squeezable paint bottle that forms the handle of the tool , a coupler threaded at one end onto the bottle , a blade holder extending from the other end of the coupler to a forward edge , and a flexible blade projecting from the forward edge of the blade holder to a free edge . a passageway communicates between the squeezable bottle and the vicinity of the blade to deposit a measured amount of touch - up paint onto the blade when the bottle is squeezed , the blade subsequently being drawn over a blemish to deposit the touch - up paint in the blemish . | 1 |
We revisit the lower bound on binary tidal deformability \tilde{{{Λ }}} imposed by a luminous kilonova/macronova, AT 2017gfo, by numerical-relativity simulations of models that are consistent with gravitational waves from the binary neutron star merger GW170817. Contrary to the claim made in the literature, we find that binaries with \tilde{{{Λ }}}≲ 400 can explain the luminosity of AT 2017gfo, as long as moderate mass ejection from the remnant is assumed as had been done in previous work. The reason is that the maximum mass of a neutron star is not strongly correlated with the tidal deformability of neutron stars with a typical mass of ≈1.4 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>. If the maximum mass is so large that the binary does not collapse into a black hole immediately after merger, the mass of the ejecta can be sufficiently large irrespective of the binary tidal deformability. We present models of binary mergers with \tilde{{{Λ }}} down to 242 that satisfy the requirement on the mass of the ejecta from the luminosity of AT 2017gfo. We further find that the luminosity of AT 2017gfo could be explained by models that do not experience bounce after merger. We conclude that the luminosity of AT 2017gfo is not very useful for constraining the binary tidal deformability. Accurate estimation of the mass ratio will be necessary to establish a lower bound using electromagnetic counterparts in the future. We also caution that merger simulations that employ a limited class of tabulated equations of state could be severely biased due to the lack of generality. | 9 |
a trailer - mounted crane apparatus includes a trailer supported from a ground surface on at least two wheels . a hydraulically operated crane arm is mounted to the trailer and is extendable outwardly . a crane hydraulic power unit is mounted to the trailer and supplies pressurized hydraulic fluid to the crane arm . a vibrational sheet piling driver can be supported by the crane arm . a vibrational hydraulic power unit for supplying power to the driver is mounted on the trailer . a control panel for the crane hydraulic power unit and the vibrational driver hydraulic power unit , and an associated operator &# 39 ; s seat , are also mounted on the trailer . the crane apparatus includes wide tires for reducing the surface pressure under the apparatus . this allows the apparatus to be transported across and used on delicate surfaces such as golf course greens and other groomed surfaces . | 1 |
the invention relates to apparatus and a method for facilitating a scratchless insertion of a fuel rod into cellular grids of a nuclear fuel assembly . the apparatus comprises a thin - walled tubular member having an inner diameter substantially corresponding to the outer diameter of a fuel rod , and having a longitudinal slit formed in its wall so as to render the latter resiliently deflectable in a diameter - reducing sense . the method comprises the steps of mounting the thin - walled tubular member in position for protectively enveloping the fuel rod during insertion thereof ; inserting the fuel rod into the grids while the tubular member is in place to envelope it ; and withdrawing the tubular member from the inserted fuel rod . | 8 |
Context. Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are usually discovered at X-ray or optical wavelengths through their transient nature. A characteristic spectral feature of X-ray detected TDEs is a `supersoft' X-ray emission, not observed in any other extragalactic source, with the exception of a few rapidly variable hyperluminous X-ray sources (HLXs) or supersoft active galactic nuclei (AGN) that are distinguishable by their optical emission. <BR /> Aims: The goal of our work is to find extragalactic supersoft sources associated with galactic centres. We expect this category to include overlooked TDEs, supersoft AGN, and nuclear HLXs. Finding such sources would allow for the study of extreme regime accretion on different black hole mass scales. <BR /> Methods: We searched for supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs) by cross-correlating optical and X-ray catalogues to select extragalactic near-nuclear sources and we then filtered for very steep spectra (photon index Γ > 3) and high X-ray luminosities (L<SUB>X</SUB> > 10<SUP>41</SUP> erg s<SUP>−1</SUP>). <BR /> Results: With our blind search we retrieved about 60 sources, including 15 previously known supersoft AGN or TDEs, thus demonstrating the efficiency of our selection. Of the remaining sample, 36 sources are optically classified as AGN, although they show steeper-than-usual spectra. The remaining nine previously unknown sources show spectral properties consistent with emission by extremely soft-excess dominated AGN (five sources) or TDEs (four sources). An XMM-Newton follow-up observation of one of these sources confirmed its likely TDE nature. <BR /> Conclusions: Our work is the first attempt to discover TDEs by their spectral features rather than their variability, and it has been successful in retrieving known TDEs and in discovering new extreme ultrasoft sources, including four new TDE candidates, one of which is confirmed via follow-up observations. | 9 |
a rivet tool capable of measuring size of blind rivet has a body and multiple interchangeable nosepieces . the body further has multiple rivet body measuring holes formed through the body . diameters of the rivet body measuring holes match rivet bodies of corresponding blind rivets . accordingly , the rivet tool of the present invention employs the rivet body measuring holes to measure a size of a rivet body of a blind rivet to rapidly , conveniently and correctly obtain a size of a rivet body of a blind rivet and further to correctly choose a nosepiece with a matching size . | 1 |
an interconnection structure suitable for flip - chip attachment of microelectronic device chips to packages , comprising a two , three or four layer ball - limiting metallurgy including an adhesion / reaction barrier layer , and having a solder wettable layer reactive with components of a tin - containing lead free solder , so that the solderable layer can be totally consumed during soldering , but a barrier layer remains after being placed in contact with the lead free solder during soldering . one or more lead - free solder balls is selectively situated on the solder wetting layer , the lead - free solder balls comprising tin as a predominant component and one or more alloying components . | 7 |
the present invention relates to dosage forms of a combination of carbidopa and levodopa comprising both immediate release and controlled release components for the treatment of ailments associated with depleted amounts of dopamine in a patient &# 39 ; s brain tissue . | 0 |
the invention relates to a method for protecting at least one motor vehicle component against manipulation in a control device , which comprises at least one microcomputer and at least one memory module , characterized in that the microcomputer reads out a specific original identifier of at least one memory module from the memory module and stores it . furthermore the invention relates to a control device for a motor vehicle component which comprises at least one microcomputer and at least one memory module , characterized in that at least one memory module has at least one specific identifier and the microcomputer has at least one area in which at least one specific original identifier is stored . | 6 |
the invention relates to the field of offshore subsea oil and gas drilling and production operations . specifically the invention relates to a hydraulically and / or mechanically driven junction plate actuator suitable for use in connecting and / or disconnecting a dynamic junction box half to a fixed junction box assembly . | 4 |
in the optical integrated devices with ridge waveguide structure based on the conventional technology , there occur such troubles as generation of a recess in a bj section to easily cause a crystal defect due to the mass transport phenomenon of inp when a butt joint is grown , lowering of reliability of the devices , and lowering in a yield in fabrication of devices . in the present invention , a protection layer made of ingaasp is provided on the bj section . the layer has high etching selectivity for the inp cladding layer and remains on the bj section even after mesa etching . | 6 |
a cyclonic surface cleaning apparatus incorporates a series of sequential physical filtration members to progressively remove smaller particulate matter whereby the physical filtration members collectively have a longer in use time prior to being clogged , thereby permitting a longer operating time prior to the cleaning or replacement of the physical filtration members . | 0 |
an aromatic polyamide molding compound , comprising : i . an aromatic polyamide having the basic structure ## str1 ## where ar is an aromatic radical without amine - reactive functional groups n is a number between 5 and 500 ; x represents -- so 2 -- or -- co --, and y represents -- o -- or -- s --; and ii . an aromatic liquid crystalline thermoplastic . | 2 |
a self - closing valve , having means to discharge a predetermined volume of water for each cycle of operation , is disclosed . the valve includes the arrangement of timing means which determines the elapsed time for its operational cycle , a one - way valve means to expel air from the metering chamber during the actuating cycle of the valve , and air metering means which replaces air entering the mixing chamber at a constant uniform rate , all of which cooperate with the valving means to discharge a predetermined volume of water . | 5 |
an antenna suited for a communications satellite includes two separately located , mutually orthogonally polarized feed antennas such as vertically and horizontally polarized linear horns . the horns feed an active reflector antenna array . the array includes a plurality of mutually orthogonally polarized antenna elements such as crossed dipoles or square patch antenna with cross feeds for two independent orthogonal polarizations . the feeds of the antenna elements are coupled to amplifier modules . each module includes a circulator for each polarization , coupled to a processor including a low noise amplifier , controlled phase shifter , variable gain amplifier and power amplifier . the output of the power amplifier feeds the antenna element through the circulator . the large number of radiating elements allows high power using power amplifier with relatively modest capabilities . the phase shifters of each module independently control the reradiation phase of the vertical and horizontal signals , so that a collimated beam can be independently focused to the two feed points , one for each polarization . | 7 |
the present invention discloses an apparatus for golf putting practice wherein the present invention is an insert having at least one regulation size golf hole disposed therein wherein the insert is complementarily sized and shaped to be inserted into the outlet opening of a conventional heating and ventilation air conditioning system as might occur in the floor of a home or office building replacing a standard vent register . the insert is sized to be removably secured internal of the hvac outlet so that it can be easily inserted and removed therefrom . | 0 |
an anti - snagging loop striker for use with a door latch for securing a door in a closed position on a vehicle . the striker includes a ramp adjacent the rivet head connecting the crossbar to the leading leg of the striker to prevent sheet metal from the door from catching on such head and impeding opening of the door from outside the vehicle following an accident . | 8 |
a protocol identifies and configures rings in a network topology automatically in order to simplify and quicken the actions that need to be performed in response to addition , deletion and shuffle of network nodes in that topology . such rings do not need to be identified and configured manually . the protocol involves two separate sequentially performed phases . in the first phase , the protocol can automatically identify all rings that are present within a virtual local area network topology . in the second phase , the protocol can automatically configure each node of each such ring in conformity with the ethernet ring protection protocol . after this erp configuration has been performed , the failure of a link within the network will not require every network node to re - learn paths through the network ; instead , the nodes that are required to re - learn such paths can be limited to those within the particular ring that contained the failed link . | 7 |
The Milky Way has accreted many ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs), and stars from these galaxies can be found throughout our Galaxy today. Studying these stars provides insight into galaxy formation and early chemical enrichment, but identifying them is difficult. Clustering stellar dynamics in 4D phase space (E, L <SUB> z </SUB>, J <SUB> r </SUB>, J <SUB> z </SUB>) is one method of identifying accreted structure that is currently being utilized in the search for accreted UFDs. We produce 32 simulated stellar halos using particle tagging with the Caterpillar simulation suite and thoroughly test the abilities of different clustering algorithms to recover tidally disrupted UFD remnants. We perform over 10,000 clustering runs, testing seven clustering algorithms, roughly twenty hyperparameter choices per algorithm, and six different types of data sets each with up to 32 simulated samples. Of the seven algorithms, HDBSCAN most consistently balances UFD recovery rates and cluster realness rates. We find that, even in highly idealized cases, the vast majority of clusters found by clustering algorithms do not correspond to real accreted UFD remnants and we can generally only recover 6% of UFDs remnants at best. These results focus exclusively on groups of stars from UFDs, which have weak dynamic signatures compared to the background of other stars. The recoverable UFD remnants are those that accreted recently, z <SUB>accretion</SUB> ≲ 0.5. Based on these results, we make recommendations to help guide the search for dynamically linked clusters of UFD stars in observational data. We find that real clusters generally have higher median energy and J <SUB> r </SUB>, providing a way to help identify real versus fake clusters. We also recommend incorporating chemical tagging as a way to improve clustering results. | 9 |
a ferroresonant ballast for regulating the current level of gas discharge lamps includes a magnetic core for supporting coil windings . a first or input coil is wound about the magnetic core for supplying a changing input voltage . a second or capacitor coil is wound about the magnetic core and is induced by the first coil to generate an output voltage across an output or resonant capacitor . a third or lamp coil is wound about the magnetic core and coupled to a gas discharge lamp which is regulated at a constant voltage in response to the voltage generated across the output capacitor . the ferroresonant ballast may include a control circuit and inductor that is switchable coupled to the output capacitor for simulating core saturation . | 7 |
to permit machining of a workpiece into a highly accurate tapered configuration , a wire - cutting edm including a numerical controller that reads programmed shape data is utilized . to precisely taper the workpiece , it is necessary to move the upper and lower guides of the wire so that they start and stop moving simultaneously . from the programmed shape data , the respective speeds of the upper and lower guides are computed . the upper guid is interpolated by the upper guide speed , and the lower guide is interpolated by the lower guide speed so that the guides can start and stop moving simultaneously . | 1 |
a system for providing non - invasive neuromodulation to a patient includes a mouthpiece and a controller . the mouthpiece includes an elongated housing , a printed circuit board , control circuitry mounted within the elongated housing , and a cable for connecting to a controller . the controller includes an elongated u - shaped element , an electronic receptacle , and a microcontroller . a method for providing non - invasive neurorehabilitation of a patient including connecting a mouthpiece to a controller , transmitting a numeric sequence to the mouthpiece , generating a first hash code , transmitting the first hash code to the controller , generating a second hash code , comparing the second hash code with the first hash code , enabling electrical communication between the mouthpiece and the controller only if the first hash code matches the second hash code , contacting the mouthpiece with the patient &# 39 ; s intraoral cavity , and delivering neurostimulation to the patient &# 39 ; s intraoral cavity . | 0 |
a rain water run - off disperser comprising mounting means , and multiple fixed deflecting surfaces spaced below a roof edge of a building in the path of water falling therefrom and preferably inclined downwardly and outwardly from said building , said deflecting surfaces deflecting water away from said building and breaking up the same into a relatively fine and dispersed shower of drops . | 4 |
an outer - sole to be worn over footwear is characterized by having a curled forward or toe portion , and optionally heel portion as well , that holds the front portion of the outer - sole in contact with the footwear to which it is attached . | 0 |
We have used multi-wavelength Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 data of the starbursting spiral galaxy M83 in order to measure variations in the upper end of the stellar initial mass function (uIMF) using the production rate of ionizing photons in unresolved clusters with ages <= 8 Myr. As in earlier papers on M51 and NGC 4214, the uIMF in M83 is consistent with a universal IMF, and stochastic sampling of the stellar populations in the lap10<SUP>3</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB> clusters are responsible for any deviations in this universality. The ensemble cluster population, as well as individual clusters, also imply that the most massive star in a cluster does not depend on the cluster mass. In fact, we have found that these small clusters seem to have an over-abundance of ionizing photons when compared to an expected universal or truncated IMF. This also suggests that the presence of massive stars in these clusters does not affect the star formation in a destructive way. | 9 |
an image processing system that performs edge - enhancement on an image . the image processing system processes a region of the image at a given time . one specific pixel of an image region is compared to several surrounding pixels to determine the existence of a black edge or a white edge in the image . additionally , the image processing system includes a classifier that determines whether the image is substantially text - like or substantially photo - like . when the image is substantially text - like , a dynamic black threshold is used to determine the existence of a black edge within the image . the dynamic black threshold is modified during the processing of the image by the image processing system as a function of the relationship between the one specific pixel to at least one other of the several surrounding pixels . the image processing system selectively applies a first threshold scheme or a second threshold scheme upon identification to the image depending on the characteristics of the one specific pixel . using the image processing system as described herein , high frequency content , namely the sharpness of the image , is preserved while low frequency content within the image is maintained smooth thereby providing a high visually perceptually quality of the image after having performed image processing . the present invention provides a novel manner of performing edge enhancement using a dynamic threshold in certain instances and a fixed threshold in others . | 6 |
a liquid toner based imaging machine includes a movable photoconductive member carrying an electrostatic latent image . a developing station contains a source of toner liquid that includes charged toner particles . the station is operatively associated with the carrier for contacting the carrier with the liquid for which develops the latent image by effecting the transfer of toner particles to the image . the developing station includes a developer electrode charged to a voltage intermediate voltages on the carrier representative of background and information of the image for attracting toner particles to an elemental area of the carrier when the electric field between the carrier and the electrode is directed towards the elemental area . the deposition of toner particles on the surface of the electrode is inhibited during development of the image by coating the surface of the electrode facing the carrier with a polymer material having a conductivity increasing additive . | 6 |
a method and device for supplementing current from the usb bus for enumerating usb devices that require additional current beyond that allowable by usb bus specification is disclosed . a chargeable power source , such as a capacitor or rechargeable battery , is supplied to the enumeration circuitry and is charged from the usb bus for an initial period of time . the charged power source is then discharged to supplement the allowable current available for enumeration during a second period of time . it is during this second period of time that the enumeration takes place . the circuitry may exist in the usb device or may be supplied separately as a power monitor or power maintenance chip or device . | 6 |
an apparatus and method for surgical decompression and irrigation / lavage of a patient comprising a tube having a distal end which is inserted into the intestine and a proximal end which is located outside the patient . the tube has a wall which surrounds a plurality of longitudinally extending lumens . a suction lumen is connected to a suction means located exteriorly in relation to the patient . there are one or more pores capable of delivering irrigation fluid and for syphoning the contents of the patient &# 39 ; s intestine . an irrigation lumen is connected to irrigation means located exteriorly in relation to the patient . there are one or more openings extending from the suction lumen to the irrigation lumen for ducting irrigation fluid or gastrointestinal content and for avoiding plugging of the pores by particulate matter or by a stomach lining when the stomach is aspirated . ? | 0 |
there is provided a new thermo - gelling composition made with methylcellulose and citric acid . this composition may also have an effective amount of a treating agent , which may be a medicinal agent , cosmetic agent , moisturizer , adjuvant , nutritional agent , other ingredients and combinations thereof . the composition is useful in delivering moisturizers or pharmaceutically active agents to the user in a controlled release manner through the mucosal tissues in a body cavity , or on body surfaces , or as a subcutaneously injected medicament . the composition may also be used as a replacement for the soft tissues of the body as in , for example , the foot cushion and cartilage repair . | 0 |
this invention relates to a corrosion inhibiting composition for use in commercial , institutional , and industrial water systems . the compositions comprise a mixture of a fatty acid ester , and a polyalkylene glycol , preferably polyethylene glycol . these compositions are useful in inhibiting the corrosion of metals such as steel , copper , and brass , which are exposed to water . | 2 |
actuator apparatus having a drive element which can tilt and / or pivot in a predetermined manner in response to electrical activation and which is formed such that it can be contacted by an output partner in order to transmit mechanical drive energy , wherein the drive element , as a connection element , is operatively connected to two expansion units , which are formed by means of magnetic shape - memory alloy material , such that the connection element executes a tilting and / or pivoting movement in response to an expansion or contraction movement of one of the expansion units , expansion or contraction movement being produced by the electrical activation and also a magnetic field which is generated by said electrical activation . | 8 |
apparatus and method for assembling a pair of thin - walled metal container counterparts which are brought together axially , are rounded and one inserted into the other substantially without deformation of either of the pair of counterparts so that the inner part is allowed to expand , after insertion , radially and both parts at their juncture are stressed in hoop tension for tightly embracing an adhesive interposed therebetween and thereby insure a good bond at the seam . | 1 |
We present the first ∼7.‧5 × 11.‧5 velocity-resolved (∼0.2 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>) map of the [C ii] 158 μm line toward the Orion molecular cloud 1 (OMC 1) taken with the Herschel/HIFI instrument. In combination with far-IR (FIR) photometric images and velocity-resolved maps of the H41α hydrogen recombination and CO J = 2-1 lines, this data set provides an unprecedented view of the intricate small-scale kinematics of the ionized/photodissociation region (PDR)/molecular gas interfaces and of the radiative feedback from massive stars. The main contribution to the [C ii] luminosity (∼85%) is from the extended, FUV-illuminated face of the cloud (G<SUB>0</SUB> > 500, {n}<SUB>{{H</SUB>}} \gt 5 × 10<SUP>3</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP>) and from dense PDRs ({G}<SUB>0</SUB> ≳ 10<SUP>4</SUP>, {n}<SUB>{{H</SUB>}} ≳ 10<SUP>5</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP>) at the interface between OMC 1 and the H ii region surrounding the Trapezium cluster. Around ∼15% of the [C ii] emission arises from a different gas component without a CO counterpart. The [C ii] excitation, PDR gas turbulence, line opacity (from [<SUP>13</SUP>C ii]), and role of the geometry of the illuminating stars with respect to the cloud are investigated. We construct maps of the L[C ii]/{L}<SUB>{FIR</SUB>} and {L}<SUB>{FIR</SUB>}/{M}<SUB>{Gas</SUB>} ratios and show that L[C ii]/{L}<SUB>{FIR</SUB>} decreases from the extended cloud component (∼10<SUP>-2</SUP>-10<SUP>-3</SUP>) to the more opaque star-forming cores (∼10{}<SUP>-3</SUP>-10<SUP>-4</SUP>). The lowest values are reminiscent of the “[C ii] deficit” seen in local ultraluminous IR galaxies hosting vigorous star formation. Spatial correlation analysis shows that the decreasing L[C ii]/{L}<SUB>{FIR</SUB>} ratio correlates better with the column density of dust through the molecular cloud than with {L}<SUB>{FIR</SUB>}/{M}<SUB>{Gas</SUB>}. We conclude that the [C ii]-emitting column relative to the total dust column along each line of sight is responsible for the observed L[C ii]/{L}<SUB>{FIR</SUB>} variations through the cloud. <P />Uses observations obtained with the IRAM 30 m telescope. IRAM is supported by INSU/CNRS (France), MPG (Germany), and IGN (Spain). | 9 |
polymeric organic coating for electroluminescent lamp components , particularly for phosphor particles and electrodes and a method of making same , wherein the polymer is formed using an initiator , preferably by ring - opening metathesis polymerization . a dense hydrophobic organic coating is formed which is capable of protecting the electroluminescent device components from exogenous agents such as moisture and eventual degradation . the polymer layer may be attached to an outer surface of the component by one or more tethering layers . | 8 |
a security system and method efficiently monitors and secures a computer to defend against malicious intrusions , and includes an in - band software monitor disposed within a kernel in communication with an operating system of the computer . the monitor intercepts system calls made from an msr , to execute monitoring operations , and subsequently returns execution to the os . an out - of - band hypervisor communicably coupled to the os , has read shadow means for trapping read requests to the msr , and write mask means for trapping write requests to the msr . the hypervisor includes means for responding to the trapped read and write requests so that presence of the monitor is obscured . | 6 |
In general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations, accreted magnetic flux on the black hole horizon episodically decays, during which magnetic reconnection heats up the plasma near the horizon, potentially powering high-energy flares like those observed in M87* and Sgr A*. We study the mm observational counterparts of such flaring episodes in very high resolution GRMHD simulations. The change in 230 GHz flux during the expected high energy flares depends primarily on the efficiency of accelerating γ ≳ 100 (T<SUB>e</SUB> ≳ 10<SUP>11</SUP> K) electrons. For models in which the electrons are heated to T<SUB>e</SUB> ~ 10<SUP>11</SUP> K during flares, the hot plasma produced by reconnection significantly enhances 230 GHz emission and increases the size of the 230 GHz image. By contrast, for models in which the electrons are heated to higher temperatures (which we argue are better motivated), the reconnection-heated plasma is too hot to produce significant 230 GHz synchrotron emission, and the 230 GHz flux decreases during high energy flares. We do not find a significant change in the mm polarization during flares as long as the emission is Faraday thin. We also present expectations for the ring-shaped image as observed by the Event Horizon Telescope during flares, as well as multiwavelength synchrotron spectra. Our results highlight several limitations of standard post-processing prescriptions for the electron temperature in GRMHD simulations. We also discuss the implications of our results for current and future observations of flares in Sgr A*, M87*, and related systems. Appendices contain detailed convergence studies with respect to resolution and plasma magnetization. | 9 |
this multi - flash analog - to - digital converter , in particular dual flash adc , has extremely high speed and resolution . the final resolution of a comparator / multiplexer section can be effectively doubled . for instance , a 16 - bit adc can employ 300 rather than 255 comparators . a monolithic integration can be accomplished . a resistive network is coupled to a reference source for providing a plurality of reference signals . a comparator / multiplexer section compares a comparison signal against the reference signals , selects one of the reference signals and produces a code . a capacitor circuit provides the comparison signal in response to the adc input signal and subsequently in response to a signal difference between the stored adc input signal and selected reference signal . two codes are encoded and converted into the output code of the adc . | 7 |
the fuel cell installation is operated at temperatures between 80 ° c . and 300 ° c . and ensures that the efficiency is optimized , since the waste heat from the fuel cell stack is utilized at least in some other way . for the purpose , there is provided an evaporator upstream of the fuel cell stack . at least one line is connected to the fuel cell stack for rendering available a heat content from at least a part of the fuel cell stack to be utilized in one or more further units of the installation . | 7 |
one embodiment of the present invention provides a method that facilitates compression of video data in a computer system by performing the time - consuming task of computing the difference between successive frames of video data independently from the central processing unit . this frees the often - overburdened central processing unit from performing this time - consuming compression operation and can thereby improve the handling of video data . thus , one embodiment of the present invention can be characterized as a method for compressing video data in a computer system . this method includes receiving a stream of data from a current video frame in the computer system . it also includes computing a difference frame from the current video frame and a previous video frame “ on - the - fly ” as the current video frame streams into the computer system . the method additionally includes storing the difference frame in a memory in the computer system . | 7 |
an electronic camera includes : an image sensor for converting an optical image relating to a photographic object into electric signals ; a processor for compress - processing image data corresponding to the electric signals at a predetermined compression ratio for each of a plurality of blocks to obtain compressed image data . the processor compares a data amount of the compressed image data with a predetermined amount of data , and compress - processes again the image data at a compression ratio greater than the predetermined compression ratio only when the data amount of the compressed image data exceeds the predetermined amount of data . the electronic camera further includes a recorder for storing the compressed image data compress - processed by the processor in a memory medium . | 7 |
Context. The dynamical nature of fine structures in prominences remains an open issue, including rotating flows in tornado prominences. While the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly imager aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory allowed us to follow the global structure of a tornado-like prominence for five hours, the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, and the Multichannel Subtractive Double Pass spectrograph permitted to obtain plasma diagnostics of its fine structures. <BR /> Aims: We aim to address two questions. Firstly, is the observed plasma rotation conceptually acceptable in a flux rope magnetic support configuration with dips? Secondly, how is the plasma density distributed in the tornado-like prominence? <BR /> Methods: We calculated line-of-sight velocities and non-thermal line widths using Gaussian fitting for Mg II lines and the bisector method for Hα line. We determined the electron density from Mg II line integrated intensities and profile fitting methods using 1D non-LTE radiative transfer theory models. <BR /> Results: The global structure of the prominence observed in Hα, and Mg II h, and k line fits with a magnetic field structure configuration with dips. Coherent Doppler shifts in redshifted and blueshifted areas observed in both lines were detected along rapidly-changing vertical and horizontal structures. However, the tornado at the top of the prominence consists of multiple fine threads with opposite flows, suggesting counter-streaming flows rather than rotation. Surprisingly we found that the electron density at the top of the prominence could be larger (10<SUP>11</SUP> cm<SUP>−3</SUP>) than in the inner part of the prominence. <BR /> Conclusions: We suggest that the tornado is in a formation state with cooling of hot plasma in a first phase, and following that, a phase of leakage of the formed blobs with large transverse flows of material along long loops extended away from the UV prominence top. The existence of such long magnetic field lines on both sides of the prominence would stop the tornado-like prominence from really turning around its axis. <P />Movies are available at <A href="https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140976/olm">https://www.aanda.org</A> | 9 |
Chemical tagging promises to use detailed abundance measurements to identify spatially separated stars that were, in fact, born together (in the same molecular cloud) long ago. This idea has not yielded much practical success, presumably because of the noise and incompleteness in chemical-abundance measurements. We have succeeded in substantially improving spectroscopic measurements with The Cannon, which has now delivered 15 individual abundances for ∼ {10}<SUP>5</SUP> stars observed as part of the APOGEE spectroscopic survey, with precisions around 0.04 dex. We test the chemical-tagging hypothesis by looking at clusters in abundance space and confirming that they are clustered in phase space. We identify (by the k-means algorithm) overdensities of stars in the 15-dimensional chemical-abundance space delivered by The Cannon, and plot the associated stars in phase space. We use only abundance-space information (no positional information) to identify stellar groups. We find that clusters in abundance space are indeed clusters in phase space, and we recover some known phase-space clusters and find other interesting structures. This is the first-ever project to identify phase-space structures at the survey-scale by blind search purely in abundance space; it verifies the precision of the abundance measurements delivered by The Cannon the prospects for future data sets appear very good. | 9 |
a coaxial mirror is provided for reflecting an electromagnetic signal . the mirror includes an outer pipe , an inner pipe , and first and second rods . the outer pipe extends between input and output ports , with closed initial and final terminals disposed at their respective ports . the inner pipe extends between a closed fore end and an open aft end . the inner pipe is coaxially disposed between the initial and final terminals within the outer pipe . the first rod , coaxially disposed within the outer pipe , extends from the input port to the fore end . the second rod , coaxially disposed within the inner pipe , extends from downstream of the fore end to the output port . preferably , the first and second pipes are cylindrical tubes . preferably , fluoropolymer fills the annular region between the inner and outer pipes , and fluoropolymer foam fills the inner pipe . preferably , the first pipe has an electrically conductive inner surface , the second pipe has electrically conductive inner and outer surfaces , and the first and second rods have conductive surfaces . a first embodiment includes a conductor , coaxially disposed within the inner pipe , that extends from the fore end to the second rod . in a second embodiment , the second rod is hollow , and is preferably filled with the foam . | 7 |
a four - stroke piston engine in which air is drawn into a cylinder while rotary motion about the cylinder axis is imparted to the air . fuel may be blown / injected into the air during its rotation in the cylinder while the fuel supply is located on the axis of the cylinder and supplies at least one jet of fuel initially directed radially outwardly and which jet of fuel in cooperation with the rotating air forms at least one helical stream of mixture within the cylinder , preferably during the compression stroke , which is transformed into a coherent mixture zone enclosed by a ring of air upon completion of compression . the piston may have a recess so that when the piston approaches top dead center an enriched zone is formed in the lower region of the compression space which can be ignited by electrodes disposed in said lower region of the compression space . the stratified charge in the cylinder of the stratified - charge engine comprises a mixture zone of comparatively small volume and a mixture zone of comparatively large volume which may have different fuel concentrations plus a thermally insulating zone of air . | 5 |
a mounting apparatus of a flexible board which connects a first electrical member , movable in an optical axis direction , to a second electrical member , which is movable relative to the first electrical member . the apparatus includes a cylindrical support provided between the first and second electrical members , and an axially elongated mounting opening is provided in the cylindrical support , in which the flexible board can be received . an elastically deformable mounting member is fitted in the mounting opening by elastically deforming the same . the elastically deformable mounting member holds the flexible board , which is wrapped around the mounting member , in a manner such that the bent portion of the flexible board is perpendicular to the direction of relative movement of the first and second electrical members . | 6 |
described is a computerized system including a virtual private network server operable to provide a virtual private network service , the virtual private network service enabling a user to retrieve at least one internet resource ; and an advertisement module operable to furnish advertisements for insertion into the internet resource retrieved by the user using the virtual private network service . in the inventive system , the revenue generated through the insertion of the advertisement is used to subsidize the virtual private network service . in accordance with another aspect , there is provided a method involving retrieving at least one internet resource using a virtual private network service and inserting an advertisement into the retrieved internet resource . in the inventive method , the revenue generated through the insertion of the advertisement is used to subsidize the virtual private network service . | 7 |
an automatic empty container return machine includes a detection unit operable for identifying whether or not an empty container is of a predetermined category , an input unit located upstream of the detection unit for receiving empty containers to supply the empty containers to the detection unit , an output unit located downstream of the detection unit for receiving empty containers that have been identified by the detection unit as being of the predetermined category , a transport stage having a conveyor for transporting empty containers from the input unit through the detection unit to the output unit , and a self - cleaning arrangement having components integrated with at least one of the input unit , detection unit , output unit and transport stage and being operable at selected times to clean surfaces thereof that are preselected to be cleaned . | 6 |
We report the discovery of a low-mass totally eclipsing system in the young (age ≃ 28 Myr) open cluster NGC 2232, during an examination of their TESS photometry. The follow-up study of this detached system, TIC 43152097, is based on photometry and high-resolution spectra from the literature and collected by us. The radial velocity of the center of mass and the photospheric lithium abundance of the binary components confirm its membership to NGC 2232. By analyzing the existing photometric and spectroscopic data, we obtain orbital elements and fundamental stellar parameters for the two stars. The primary component of TIC 43152097 is a late F-type dwarf (T<SUB>eff</SUB> = 6070 K), while the lower-mass secondary is a late K-type star (T<SUB>eff</SUB> = 4130 K) that is still in the pre-main-sequence phase. The precise measurements of the radii, masses, and effective temperatures, enabled by the simultaneous solution of light and radial velocity curves, indicate radius inflation for the K-type component, which turns out to be 7-11% larger than that predicted by standard evolutionary models. More sophisticated models incorporating both the inhibition of convective energy transport caused by sub-photospheric magnetic fields and the effects of cool starspots covering a substantial fraction of the stellar surface (30-60%) allow the position of the secondary component to be reproduced in the Hertzsprung-Russell and mass-radius diagrams. <P />Based on observations made with the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG), operated on the island of La Palma by the Fundación Galileo Galilei of the INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica) at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos. Based on photometry collected at the INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania. | 9 |
a method , system and apparatus for managing a bookmark folder are provided . in an embodiment of the invention , when a user accesses a web page using an embedded link from a displayed bookmarked web page , the user may , if so desires , replace the bookmarked web page by simply bookmarking the accessed web page . the replacement is done automatically . in another embodiment of the invention , when a user wants to bookmark a web page , the url of the web page is compared with the urls of all bookmarked web pages . if the url of one of the bookmarked web pages is similar with the url of the web page to be bookmarked , the user may , again if so desires , replace the bookmarked web page by the bookmark of the new page . similarity may be determined by user defined rules such as subject matter or differences in url branches . | 6 |
an application apparatus for facilitating the application of a substance on an application location by a substance transfer element includes a base body , a first receptacle supported on the base body for retaining therein a fluid which can react with another material composition to form the substance to be applied , and a second receptacle supported on the base body . the second receptacle receives and retains therein the substance transfer element during stockage of the application apparatus . during a substance applying use , the substance transfer element is removed from the second receptacle with the material composition releasably retained on the substance transfer element , inserted into the first receptacle for reactive contact of the material composition with the fluid into the first receptacle to form the substance to be applied , removed from the first receptacle , and put in contact with the application location such that the substance is transferred to the application location . | 0 |
the present invention relates to inhibitors of p38 , a mammalian protein kinase involved cell proliferation , cell death and response to extracellular stimuli . the invention also relates to methods for producing these inhibitors . the invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the inhibitors of the invention and methods of utilizing those compositions in the treatment and prevention of various disorders . | 2 |
a multichannel hearing aid comprises at least one frequency channel having a compressor with a compression threshold at an output level below the hearing threshold and an attack time above 0 . 5 seconds whereby hearing of a sudden sound in a stationary sound environment is facilitated . with this compressor , the amplification of low signal levels may be increased compared to the prior art , as the compressor kicks in to generally suppress steady noises . the gain may generally be increased as high as feasible in view of the microphone baseline noise , which should preferably be kept below the hearing threshold . thus the user of the hearing aid will generally have the option of a higher gain of low level sounds than generally feasible with prior art hearing aids . | 7 |
a filter frame and media capable of withstanding repeated heating to high temperatures in an oxidizing environment , and a method of cleaning the same for indefinite use in a method of operating industrial paint booths . progressive density , heat resistant , and preferably metal media paint booth filters are provided for replacement of existing filters in industrial paint booths . the filters are structurally resistant to cyclic heating to high temperature in an oxidizing bake - off oven where the paint residue accumulated on the filters is reduced to ash . after cooling , the ash is removed , and the filters returned to service , and the cycle is repeated . the filter comprises a frame section and a mesh media section which has a plurality of mesh portions . the mesh portions are preferably arranged in a series m 1 , m n - 1 , m n , wherein n is a positive integer of 4 or more , that are sized with the free face area a n of each mesh portion n so that the overall mesh media section has a progressive density characteristic . thus , an excessive amount of material is not captured at the first mesh portion m 1 so as to avoid &# 34 ; face blinding &# 34 ; of the filter . in paint booth operation , when the filter has completed its operating cycle , typically as determined by a air flow velocity , dirty filter elements are removed and the filter is heated remove paint residue , and producing ash . after cooling and ash removal , the filter is returned to service . | 1 |
a method of dynamically scheduling a workforce includes obtaining workforce requirements , attributes and employee preferences , determining a workforce schedule based on the workforce requirements and attributes , determining a schedule value based on workforce requirements and employee preferences , and iteratively modifying the workforce schedule , determining a schedule value based on workforce requirements and preferences for the modified workforce schedule , and comparing schedule values to determine a best workforce schedule . | 6 |
a method for determining the viability of a plant sample includes providing a viability detection device containing a solid or semisolid culture medium suitable for the nutritional requirements of a plant sample , wherein the culture medium has a starch supplement ; growing the plant tissue in the viability detection device from the previous step ; removing the plant tissue sample from the viability detection device ; and revealing the viability detection device . | 0 |
to image flowing materials , magnetic resonance preconditioning pulses are applied in an upstream region . for scanning a subject , an rf pulse calibration sequence is performed by generating a corresponding magnetic resonance data line in each of a plurality of slices along a vessel . a processor determines a signal intensity for each slice , fits the intensities for the family of slices to a curve , and adjusts an rf pulse profile with spatial position in accordance with the curve which is dynamically dependent on the scanned subject . in a subsequent imaging sequence with the adjusted tip angles , data lines from each of the slices are received and reconstructed into an image representation stored in the memory . | 6 |
a self contained fire extinguisher system that does not need external power in order to sense or initiate a release of a fire suppression medium , includes components configured to utilize a linear sensor network that can be connected to at least one and / or different sources of fire suppression mediums . a linear temperature sensing cord can be routed over a large area not practical with individual sensors . the cord can also actuate several and different sources of fire suppression mediums to maximize the suppression of a fire . | 0 |
a selectively lockable introducer assembly is disclosed that comprises an introducer cannula and a needle guide . the introducer cannula is defined by a proximal end and a distal end and includes a lumen extending therebetween . the needle guide is defined by a body portion that includes at least one channel extending therethrough . the introducer cannula is configured to be selectively receivable within the at least one channel and the introducer cannula may be selectively lockable with respect to the needle guide such that the introducer cannula is selectively prevented from moving laterally with respect to the needle guide . | 0 |
a synchronous semiconductor memory device has a read data bus for transferring data from a memory cell array to a read amplifier , and a write data bus for transferring data from a write driver to the memory cell array . to control equalization of the read and write data buses , an internal control clock signal is driven to a first level in delayed synchronization with an external clock signal , to a second level in synchronization with the external clock signal at the end of write operations , and to the second level in synchronization with a read amplifier control signal during read operations . the read and write data bus equalization times can therefore be separately optimized , enabling the memory to operate at a higher clock frequency than if the internal control clock signal were to be generated in the same way during both read and write operations . | 6 |
Accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs), also known as active galactic nuclei (AGN), are generally surrounded by large amounts of gas and dust. This surrounding material reprocesses the primary X-ray emission produced close to the SMBH and gives rise to several components in the broadband X-ray spectra of AGN, including a power-law possibly associated with Thomson-scattered radiation. In this work, we study the properties of this scattered component for a sample of 386 hard-X-ray-selected, nearby ($z\sim0.03$) obscured AGN from the 70-month Swift/BAT catalogue. We investigate how the fraction of Thomson-scattered radiation correlates with different physical properties of AGN, such as line-of-sight column density, X-ray luminosity, black hole mass, and Eddington ratio. We find a significant negative correlation between the scattering fraction and the column density. Based on a large number of spectral simulations, we exclude the possibility that this anticorrelation is due to degeneracies between the parameters. The negative correlation also persists when considering different ranges of luminosity, black hole mass, and Eddington ratio. We discuss how this correlation might be either due to the angle dependence of the Thomson cross-section or to more obscured sources having a higher covering factor of the torus. We also find a positive correlation between the scattering fraction and the ratio of [O III] λ5007 to X-ray luminosity. This result is consistent with previous studies and suggests that the Thomson-scattered component is associated with the narrow-line region. | 9 |
a tool for the handling by a remotely operated vehicle of a protection device provided to protect a subsea electrical or optical fiber connector . the main feature of a tool is that said tool is attached to the rov and comprises a rov friendly handle . | 7 |
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