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The Planck feedback, or rate of increase of infrared energy loss per unit vertically-uniform warming of the surface and troposphere, is the dominant stabilizing feedback in planetary climate. An estimate of its value is given by the derivative of the Stefan-Boltzmann law with respect to temperature, -4σT<SUB>e</SUB><SUP>3 </SUP>- evaluated at an effective emission temperature T<SUB>e</SUB>, which is defined so that σT<SUB>e</SUB><SUP>4</SUP> equals the planetary-average outgoing longwave radiation (OLR). Earth's average OLR of 240 W m<SUP>-2</SUP> corresponds to an effective emission temperature of 255 K, and a consequent Planck feedback estimate of -3.76 W m<SUP>-2</SUP> K<SUP>-1</SUP>. Feedback analysis of comprehensive global climate models, however, gives a Planck feedback of -3.2 W m<SUP>-2</SUP> K<SUP>-1</SUP> -- roughly 0.5 W m<SUP>-2</SUP> K<SUP>-1</SUP> less stabilizing than the simple estimate (e.g., Soden and Held, 2006). This missing 0.5 W m<SUP>-2</SUP> K<SUP>-1</SUP> has apparently not been a major source of concern because it varies little across climate models, but it represents a notable gap in our understanding of Earth's dominant stabilizing climate feedback: its magnitude is roughly double that of the surface albedo feedback. In this work, we define and describe the contributions of four factors -- stratospheric masking, temperature-dependent opacity, nonlinear averaging, and meridional covariance -- which cause the Planck feedback to deviate from 4σT<SUB>e</SUB><SUP>3</SUP>. We estimate that stratospheric masking, temperature-dependent opacity, and meridional covariance each likely increase the Planck feedback (making it less stabilizing) by +0.1-0.2 W m<SUP>-2</SUP> K<SUP>-1</SUP> relative to the simple estimate 4σT<SUB>e</SUB><SUP>3</SUP>, and that nonlinear averaging slightly decreases the Planck feedback (making it more stabilizing) by about -0.1 W m<SUP>-2</SUP> K<SUP>-1</SUP>. We also discuss whether these four correction factors could differ greatly in magnitude for exotic climates on Earth or for climates of other worlds. | 9 |
a modular enclosure system for electronic equipment is disclosed as is a process for assembling such a system . the basic element of the system is a frame unit which forms a chamber for the electronic equipment . each frame unit has front , rear and side openings . around each opening is a flange and a push - on bulb seal . a generally rectangular cross - sectioned seal is adhered to comer posts of the frame unit . doors are mounted to the frame unit to seal the front and rear openings by compressing respective bulb seals . side panels are mounted to the frame unit to cover side openings of a single or multi - frame unit system and the side panels compress both types of seals mentioned above . bridge panels connect adjoining , aligned frame units and compress the rectangular seals and also result in bulb seals mounted around adjoining side openings of adjoining frame units to compress each other . battery housings , covers and skids are also connected to aligned frame units as is a single cap panel . the system is simple , economical , easy to handle , east to install and easy to expand . | 7 |
the present invention is directed to an apparatus and method for reducing a parasitic capacitance in an integrated circuit . the apparatus includes a substrate and a biasing device . the substrate has a circuit disposed thereon , wherein a first capacitance exists between the substrate and an element of the circuit . the biasing device dc biases a first portion of the substrate to a voltage different than a voltage of a second portion of the substrate , thereby inducing a second capacitance between the first portion of the substrate and the second portion of the substrate . the second capacitance is in series with the first capacitance . | 7 |
We introduce a simple entropy-based formalism to characterize the role of mixing in pressure-balanced multiphase clouds and demonstrate example applications using ENZO-E (magneto)hydrodynamic simulations. Under this formalism, the high-dimensional description of the system's state at a given time is simplified to the joint distribution of mass over pressure (P) and entropy (K = P ρ <SUP>-γ </SUP>). As a result, this approach provides a way to (empirically and analytically) quantify the impact of different initial conditions and sets of physics on the system evolution. We find that mixing predominantly alters the distribution along the K direction and illustrate how the formalism can be used to model mixing and cooling for fluid elements originating in the cloud. We further confirm and generalize a previously suggested criterion for cloud growth in the presence of radiative cooling and demonstrate that the shape of the cooling curve, particularly at the low-temperature end, can play an important role in controlling condensation. Moreover, we discuss the capacity of our approach to generalize such a criterion to apply to additional sets of physics and to build intuition for the impact of subtle higher-order effects not directly addressed by the criterion. | 9 |
a system and method for delivering interactive voice messages using a voice messaging system are disclosed . in an illustrative embodiment , the system comprises a voice messaging processor and memory containing machine readable instructions which , when executed by the processor , enable the voice messaging system to : receive an inbound call from a sender ; record an interactive voice message from the sender directed to at least one recipient ; receive a voice message retrieval request from a recipient ; play the interactive voice message for the recipient ; and initiate an interactive session with the recipient to elicit responses from the recipient regarding the interactive voice message . in one aspect of the invention , an application server is provided for generating interactive voicemails and placing the inbound call from the sender to the voice messaging processor . | 7 |
an acoustic surface wave signal transmission device includes a medium having a surface suitable for propagating acoustic energy or waves and having a first impedance characteristic . the surface of the medium includes an array of periodic discontinuities of a second impedance characteristic . the widths of the discontinuities vary in a predetermined manner to reflect a portion of said acoustic energy in proportion to the widths of the discontinuities . a transmitting transducer on said surface converts an input electrical signal into corresponding acoustic energy or waves and launches the energy or waves on said medium toward said array of discontinuities . the acoustic energy is reflected from said array of discontinuities toward a receiving transducer which converts the reflected acoustic energy or waves into a corresponding electrical signal . | 7 |
disclosed is a liquid crystal display device in which a twisted nematic type liquid crystal display element is used as a light shutter and combined with color polarizer plates to provide color display , characterized in that a nematic crystal added with a black coloring matter is used and in that at least one of the polarizer plates has a degree of polarization of about 80 % or less . preferably , the rate of addition of the black coloring matter is limited to about 1 . 5 % or less . | 6 |
a variable capacitance circuit comprising a capacitor array , associated switching elements and transient impedance varying circuits . the capacitor array comprises a plurality of capacitor elements connected to a common node coupled to a crystal oscillator in a crystal oscillator portion and each capacitor element includes a connected switching element that controls activation of selected capacitor elements that are selectively placed in operation as load capacitance with the crystal oscillator to change and adjust its frequency . further , circuits are provided in a temperature compensation portion to selectively control the activation of the switching elements based upon decoded compensating values provided in memory , such as based upon sensed oscillator temperature conditions . the transient impedance varying circuits comprise multi - level voltage generating circuits for changing the continuity impedance of activated switching elements , among switching elements being switched , to another impedance level or one of a plurality of additional impedance levels . as a result , an intermediate impedance value can be created between the on and off states of the switching elements so that there is no rapid change in the total equivalent capacitance imposed by the capacitor array on the oscillator resulting in smooth capacitance switching which corresponds to smoother frequency adjustment of oscillator output . | 7 |
a system for managing communication between a client program and a server program . a port service module manages a plurality of domain ports . each domain port has predefined characteristics which are used by the port service module to direct which server computer programs or which instances of server computer programs with which a client computer program will interact . the domain port characteristics also direct the port service module whether to order messages , count messages , and / or monitor for different types of error conditions in communications between the client program and the server program . | 6 |
We present a large sample of stellar rotation periods for Kepler Objects of Interest, based on three years of public Kepler data. These were measured by detecting periodic photometric modulation caused by star spots, using an algorithm based on the autocorrelation function of the light curve, developed recently by McQuillan, Aigrain & Mazeh (2013). Of the 1919 main-sequence exoplanet hosts analyzed, robust rotation periods were detected for 737. Comparing the detected stellar periods to the orbital periods of the innermost planet in each system reveals a notable lack of close-in planets around rapid rotators. It appears that only slowly spinning stars with rotation periods longer than 5-10 days host planets on orbits shorter than 2 or 3 days, although the mechanism(s) that lead(s) to this is not clear. | 9 |
a data processing system and method providing a jumper which provides standby power from a redundant power supply to one of at least two critical functions in a frame having bays for holding at least two nodes . the redundant power supply supplying power to one of the nodes in the frame and one of the critical functions . a jumper is slidably engageable in the frame in place of one of the nodes . the jumper , when engaged in the frame , transfers power from the redundant power supply to the other of the critical functions . the jumper is included in a jumper book of an airblock which includes passive airblock books . mechanical keys on the passive airblock books prevent the removal of the jumper book until after the passive airblock books are removed . | 6 |
an electromechanical braille cell assembly includes a plurality of parallel bimorph reeds . a first plurality of bimorph reeds is mounted to a first side of a printed circuit board by a first plurality of clips and a second plurality of bimorph reeds is mounted to a second side of the printed circuit board by a second plurality of clips . a frame has a top wall , a bottom wall , a first side wall in the form of an angle wall and a second side wall in the form of a flat wall . pinholes are formed in the angle wall to accommodate braille pins and the flat wall is slotted to accommodate a plurality of printed circuit boards . a monolithic cap covers all of the braille pins . pinholes formed in the cap receive the respective tips of the braille cells when actuated bimorph reeds cause displacement of the braille pins . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a method for the production of cross - linked carbon nanotube networks which are selected from aerogels and xerogels with improved performance and characteristics thereof . the invention is also concerned with carbon nanotube networks which are selected from aerogels and xerogels produced by such processes and uses thereof . | 2 |
a directional microphone system gain adjusts the sum of signals that are received from two microphones mounted less than an inch apart . the gain adjustment is generally proportional to the product of the two microphone signals . analog multipliers are used both for multiplying the signals together and also to form a gate that gain adjusts the sum of the signals . | 7 |
Energy equipartition between cosmic rays and magnetic fields is often assumed to infer magnetic field properties from the synchrotron observations of star-forming galaxies. However, there is no compelling physical reason to expect the same. We aim to explore the validity of the energy equipartition assumption. After describing popular arguments in favour of the assumption, we first discuss observational results that support it at large scales and how certain observations show significant deviations from equipartition at scales smaller than ≈1kpc, probably related to the propagation length of the cosmic rays. Then, we test the energy equipartition assumption using test-particle and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. From the results of the simulations, we find that the energy equipartition assumption is not valid at scales smaller than the driving scale of the ISM turbulence (≈100pc in spiral galaxies), which can be regarded as the lower limit for the scale beyond which equipartition is valid. We suggest that one must be aware of the dynamical scales in the system before assuming energy equipartition to extract magnetic field information from synchrotron observations. Finally, we present ideas for future observations and simulations to investigate in more detail under which conditions the equipartition assumption is valid or not. | 9 |
an accessory rack for storing a plurality of articles such as wearing apparel or clothing accessories including jewelry , scarfs , ties , belts , chains , handbags , beads and the like and which includes a plurality of generally c - shaped hooks which are suspended from a telescoping housing so as to provide upper and lower rows of horizontally oriented and spaced support bars upon which such articles may be selectively and securely supported . | 0 |
to fabricate a semiconductor memory , one or more pairs of first structures are formed over a semiconductor substrate . each first structure comprises a plurality of floating gates of memory cells and a first conductive line providing control gates for the memory cells . the control gates overlie the floating gates . each pair of the first structures corresponds to a plurality of doped regions each of which provides a source / drain region to a memory cell having the floating and control gates in one or the structure and a source / drain region to a memory cell having floating and control gates in the other one of the structures . for each pair , a second conductive line is formed whose bottom surface extends between the two structures and physically contacts the corresponding first doped regions . in some embodiments , the first doped regions are separated by insulation trenches . the second conductive line may form a conductive plug at least partially filling the region between the two first structures . | 7 |
a mechanism is disclosed whereby contents associated with a session can be stored in a network . a user can indicate commands such as start recording and stop recording in the network . the network can inform the user when recording stopped , perhaps due to reaching a storing limit or some error condition . | 7 |
optical frequency encoding for normal shock and position sensing where the modulated signal is coupled to a single fiber as a sum total of all the wavelength components . | 8 |
a vent gas containing radioactive iodine and methyliodide is effectively decontaminated by chemically adsorbing the iodine contained in the vent gas onto an activated carbon layer at first , then physically adsorbing the methyl iodide contained in the vent gas onto another activated carbon layer separately disposed from the former activated carbon layer , and retaining the radioactive iodine and radioactive methyl iodide on the respective activated carbon layers for a definite period of radioactive decay . | 1 |
a semiconductor device comprising a first semiconductor section including a first wiring layer at one side thereof , a second semiconductor section including a second wiring layer at one side thereof , the first and second semiconductor sections being secured together with the respective first and second wiring layer sides of the first and second semiconductor sections facing each other , a conductive material extending through the first semiconductor section to the second wiring layer of the second semiconductor section and by means of which the first and second wiring layers are in electrical communication . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a wearable robot system for rehabilitation training of the upper limbs that has an improved structure to reproduce in detail motion of a human body by selecting a wearing type structure such that robot links move correspondingly to the motion of the upper limbs while decreasing the volume of a rehabilitation and assistance device based on a robot for rehabilitation training of the upper limbs . according the present invention , it is possible to decrease the volume and increase the available space , in addition to creating smooth motion without interfering with the human body by creating a plurality of robot motion paths and selecting the best path from them , because an operation of four degrees of freedom can be achieved by an operation procedure using redundant . | 0 |
device for retaining crown caps , which can be particularly applied in machines for forming the sealing gaskets inside caps of the type having carousels which have disks which rotate about vertical axes and which further have in the peripheral region thereof semicircular and angularly equidistant seats for the support and transfer of the caps , has a rocker - like lever mounted on the disks , at each semicircular seat , which oscillates within a radial median plane of the seat . the lever has one arm controlled by an actuation cam and can , with the beak - shaped end of the other arm , internally engage the dentellated edge of the cap , so as to retain it in its seat during a preset angle of rotation of the disks . | 8 |
a system and method for managing power consumption on a network interface card involves connecting constantly running clocks to a small amount of logic on the network interface card . the logic is used to monitor activity on the network interface card , and in response to events enable the clocks for functional blocks within the chip , on an as needed basis . through dynamically controlled clocks , power consumption can be reduced significantly , and the network interface card remains in a state that is able to react efficiently to external events related to transmission of packets , reception of packets and functions related to the management of the network interface . | 6 |
a drive arrangement for positioning a positioning element is disclosed that includes an electric servo motor for driving the positioning element , a potentiometer for presetting a setpoint , an actual value sensor disposed at the servo motor , and a motor driver with an integrated evaluation and control unit comparing the setpoint and actual value , whereby a pulse - shaped signal is superposed on the setpoint and the pulse - shaped signal exceeds the motor driver hysteresis in the evaluation and control unit . | 6 |
this invention is an improved system for the vibration - testing of cantilevered non - ferrous articles by inducing eddy currents therein . the principal advantage of the system is that relatively little heat is generated in the article being vibrated . thus , a more accurate measurement of the fatigue characteristics of the article is obtained . furthermore , the generation of relatively little heat in the blade permits tests to be conducted in low - pressure atmospheres simulating certain actual processes environments . heat - generation in the vibrated article is minimized by utilizing eddy currents which are generated by an electromagnet whose magnetic field varies but does not change polarity . the typical winding for the electromagnet is excited with pulsating d . c . that is , the winding is alternately charged by connecting it across a d . c . power supply and then discharged by connecting it across a circuit for receiving current generated in the winding by self - induction . preferably , the discharge circuit is designed so that the waveform of the discharging current approximates that of the charging current . | 6 |
SpECTRE is an open-source code for multi-scale, multi-physics problems in astrophysics and gravitational physics. In the future, we hope that it can be applied to problems across discipline boundaries in fluid dynamics, geoscience, plasma physics, nuclear physics, and engineering. It runs at petascale and is designed for future exascale computers. SpECTRE is being developed in support of our collaborative Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes (SXS) research program into the multi-messenger astrophysics of neutron star mergers, core-collapse supernovae, and gamma-ray bursts. | 9 |
an apparatus including a contact point formed on a device layer of a circuit substrate or an interconnect layer on the substrate ; a first dielectric material ; and a different second polymerizable dielectric material on the substrate and separated from the device layer or the interconnect layer by the first dielectric material following polymerization , the second dielectric material comprising a glass transition temperature of at least 250 ° c . and a thermal decomposition temperature of at least 400 ° c . a method including depositing a dielectric material and thermally treating the dielectric material at a temperature greater than the thermal decomposition temperature . | 7 |
a sensing system comprises a corner - cube reflector that has three reflective surfaces wherein at least one of the reflective surfaces is a surface of a bimaterial cantilever . the reflective surface of the bimaterial cantilever undergoes a change between a substantially planar shape and a curved shape upon direct exposure to an agent of interest . such a change is perceived by a suitable detector . | 6 |
a device and method of removing a rivet which has been installed on a work piece . the method includes clamping a hand held device having springs onto the work piece , engaging a drill with a drill bit of the hand held device , the springs applying a pre - load force to the drill bit , operating the drill , thereby causing the springs to apply an increased load force to the drill bit and causing the drill bit to drill into a button of the rivet , unclamping and removing the hand held device from the work piece , and using a compression tool to remove the rivet from the work piece . the compression tool includes a push out portion configured to push out the rivet , and a recess is disposed generally opposite the push out portion for catching the rivet as the rivet is pushed out . | 8 |
a system of interlocking , rigid or semi - rigid , components which when connected provide a modular , easy - to - install , direct , decorative , lighting system . | 5 |
a device used with a traffic cone to support caution tape includes at least one head extending from a body . the head is received in the opening defined at the top of a typical traffic cone to support the device in an upright position with respect to the cone . the body of the device is adapted to support a section of caution tape . the body may define a slot that allows the tape to be supported in an unfolded condition . | 4 |
a support assembly for a rotating shaft utilizing an annular spring is disclosed . a series of support rods are spaced on the interior and exterior sides of an annular spring to define spring segments which act as a spring for supporting the journal . a squeeze film damper cavity may be incorporated either as part of the spring support structure or separately within the assembly to provide the necessary damping . | 5 |
a lock - box for safely storing a handgun . the lock - box includes a receptacle having an opening at one end thereof and a locking door with a flange for closing the opening . a pair of mounting brackets are secured to each of the opposed sides of the receptacle . the mounting brackets are adapted for sliding engagement with a mounting plate which may be attached by threaded fasteners to a supporting surface . when a pair of mounting brackets are slid fully over the mounting plate , a portion of the mounting plate will remain adjacent the opening for positioning between the flange and the receptacle to prevent the removal of the receptacle from the mounting plate while the door is locked . because the mounting bracket pairs are on the opposite sides of the receptacle , the lock - box can be flip - flopped to suit the needs of a user . | 5 |
an apparatus operable on each elevator platform for opening or closing doors wherein the apparatus includes a pair of doors for opening or closing an inlet / outlet on the elevator platform , a rail for guiding the rolling movement of rollers carried by a hanger plate standing upright on the upper surface of each door and a door - sill arranged below said inlet / outlet for guiding the slidable movement of a door shoe at the lower end of each door . each door is essentially composed of a door main body having a vertically extending reinforcement member for supporting the dead weight of each door and a thermal insulating panel fixedly secured to the door main body on the elevator platform side , the thermally insulating panel being filled with a thermal insulating material , and a decorative plate is adhesively secured to the front surface of the thermal insulating panel on the elevator platform side . | 1 |
the invention relates to structuring a combination of bioactive materials that are capable of controlled extended release of local anesthesia lasting over 30 hours . | 0 |
a helicopter main rotor blade having a metallic nose spar extending the length of the leading edge of the blade and a trailing edge skin attached to the nose spar . a closure channel fixed within the nose spar extends the length thereof with unidirectional fiberglass material fixed to and extending along the length of the closure channel . a bushing on the inboard end of the blade preferably is attached both to the nose spar and the fiberglass bands for transfer of centrifugal forces in the blade to a grip . | 1 |
the present invention relates to a connector for a replaceable container to be used in a medical machine , which is comprised by at least a body , the inner side of which is traversed by inlet and outlet tubes extending from within such container towards an outer side of the connector , wherein said tubes separately extend leading to two laterally spaced - apart apertures that are removably attachable to a mounting means and supplementary connection of said machine . | 0 |
a method of controlling obesity by physically narrowing the lumen of the pylorus one embodiment includes injection of a bio - compatible bulking or stiffening material into the pyloric sphincter area of the stomach . the injection of this material bulks the pyloric sphincter , narrowing the lumen , retarding stomach emptying and producing a feeling of satiation in the patient . the method may be practiced or supplemented by cauterization of the pyloric sphincter or by suturing the sphincter to narrow the same and may be augmented by inducing flacid paralysis of the stomach by injecting botulinum toxin into the muscle tissue of the antrum or fundus of the stomach . | 0 |
Code for "Diffuse fertilization effect in maize and soybean is driven by improved light use efficiency rather than by light interception" | 9 |
a cache , storing misspelled or otherwise incorrect network addresses from a plurality of users and associated correct network addresses , is maintained at a proxy server or internet service provider . addresses received from all users are checked against the cache to correct any misspellings or other situations in which the network address might be incorrect . the cache is periodically pruned of entries which aren &# 39 ; t frequently used . the collective experience of a group of users can thus be utilized to correct a network address submitted by a user who has never visited a particular network address before . | 7 |
this disclosure describes systems and methods for managing the ventilation of a patient being ventilated by a medical ventilator . the disclosure describes a novel approach of displaying ventilator information integrated with oximeter information . the disclosure further describes a novel approach of alarming based on the integration of ventilator information with oximeter information . | 0 |
The Galactic center is host to a population of extraordinary radio filaments, thin linear structures that trace out magnetic field lines running perpendicular to the Galactic plane. Using Murriyang, the 64 m Parkes radio telescope, we conducted a search for pulsars centered on the position of a compact source in the filament G359.0‑0.2. We discovered a millisecond pulsar (MSP), PSR J1744‑2946, with a period P = 8.4 ms, that is bound in a 4.8 hr circular orbit around an M <SUB>c</SUB> > 0.05 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> companion. The pulsar dispersion measure of 673.7 ± 0.1 pc cm<SUP>‑3</SUP> and Faraday rotation measure of 3011 ± 3 rad m<SUP>‑2</SUP> are the largest of any known MSP. Its radio pulses are moderately scattered due to multipath propagation through the interstellar medium, with a scattering timescale of 0.87 ± 0.08 ms at 2.6 GHz. Using MeerKAT, we localized the pulsar to a point source embedded in a low-luminosity radio filament, the "Sunfish", that is unrelated to G359.0‑0.2. Our discovery of the first MSP within 1° of the Galactic center hints at a large population of these objects detectable via high-frequency surveys. The association with a filament points to pulsars as the energy source responsible for illuminating the Galactic center radio filaments. | 9 |
the technology of the present application provides a collapsible canopy shelter having reinforced eaves for additional structural integrity , as well as at least one collapsible ventilation flap in the canopy cover that is capable of moving between a closed position and an open position to ventilate air from beneath the canopy cover as desired . further , the collapsible canopy shelter comprises a canopy frame with a robust , spring - loaded pull latch , allowing the user to quickly and easily assemble and collapse the shelter without risking injury . | 4 |
a digital electronic timepiece has numeric display means for selectively displaying the time and a number representing the day of the week . in one position of a display selection switch , the display means displays hours and minutes . in another position of the display selection switch , the date and a number representing the day of the week are displayed by the same display elements as those displaying time . display indicators controlled by the display selection switch indicate what is displayed by the display means . | 6 |
a magnetically positioned precision holder for optical components in an optical device comprises a carrier for replaceably holding at least one optical component . the carrier is arranged in positionally adjustable fashion in a housing recess including a precision stop surface . magnet pairs are oriented with identical polarity being provided in order to achieve a continuous contact pressure of the carrier against the stop surface , in such a way that the one magnet is located in the recess and the corresponding magnet is located in the carrier . the use of identically poled magnet pairs for movable precision holders and for precision positioning systems is also proposed . | 6 |
a method for recycling intentionally , and or unintentionally deleted or overwritten document data within a system , wherein said document data is stored in a system filestore associated with a system database containing reference data pointing to the document data in the filestore , the method comprising the steps of determining that a delete and or overwrite command has been issued ; recording the reference data prior to and or after the deleting or updating of the reference data ; identifying and storing document data deleted to a separate empty filestore ; and recycling document data required by the user back to the system database and filestore , as necessary depending on user requirements manipulating the data , to provide the document in the required way and version requested by the user . | 6 |
there is provided an optical network system in which optical signals modulated by each of at least two modulation methods are wavelength - division - multiplexed and transferred , including : an optical transmitter configured to transmit first optical signals modulated by each of at least two modulation methods ; an add - drop multiplexer configured to drop second optical signals from wavelength - division - multiplexed optical signals transferred in the optical network system , and add the first optical signals to the wavelength - division - multiplexed optical signals ; an optical receiver configured to demodulate the second optical signals corresponding to each of at least two modulation methods ; and a controller configured to control wavelengths of the first optical signals , the second optical signals and the wavelength - division - multiplexed optical signals so as to rearrange wavelengths of the first optical signals , the second optical signals and the wavelength - division - multiplexed optical signals so that optical signals modulated by a same modulation method are placed on an adjacent wavelength . | 7 |
a retractable syringe , comprising a needle having a tip and a base , a needle collar coupled to the needle , the needle collar including at least one groove disposed in a bottom portion of the needle collar and extending from the portion of the needle collar nearest to the base of the needle toward the tip of the needle , a fitting coupled to the needle collar and including a sealing element disposed between a first portion of the fitting and the needle collar , a barrel unit , the barrel unit designed for coupling to the fitting , a plunger unit having a piston on a first end of the plunger unit , the plunger unit and piston being positioned in the barrel unit , an extractor element coupled to the first end of the plunger and having a proximal end adjacent to the plunger and a distal end , the extractor element designed for coupling to the needle collar and encompassing at least a portion of the at least one groove . | 0 |
We present the discovery, with the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), that SRGA J144459.2-604207 is a 447.9 Hz accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar (AMXP), which underwent a four-week long outburst starting on 2024 February 15. The AMXP resides in a 5.22 hr binary, orbiting a low-mass companion donor with $M_d>0.1M_\odot$. We report on the temporal and spectral properties from NICER observations during the early days of the outburst, from 2024 February 21 through 2024 February 23, during which NICER also detected a type-I X-ray burst that exhibited a plateau lasting ~6 s. The spectra of the persistent emission were well described by an absorbed thermal blackbody and power-law model, with blackbody temperature $kT\approx0.9{\rm\,keV}$ and power-law photon index $\Gamma\approx1.9$. Time-resolved burst spectroscopy confirmed the thermonuclear nature of the burst, where an additional blackbody component reached a maximum temperature of nearly $kT\approx3{\rm\,keV}$ at the peak of the burst. We discuss the nature of the companion as well as the type-I X-ray burst. | 9 |
a linear actuator includes a plurality of sub - modules disposed in adjacent array and adapted to translate reciprocally parallel to a common axis . a plurality of shape memory alloy wires extend generally linearly and parallel to the axis , and are each connected from one end of a sub - module to the opposed end of an adjacent sub - module . the sma wires are connected in a circuit for ohmic heating that contracts the sma wires between the sub - modules . the sub - modules are linked by the sma wires in a serial mechanical connection that combines the constriction stroke displacement of the sma wires in additive fashion to achieve a long output stroke . moreover , the sub - modules are assembled in a small volume , resulting in an actuator of minimal size and maximum stroke displacement . the sub - modules may be rods or bars disposed in closely spaced adjacent relationship , or concentric motive elements , with the serial mechanical connection extending from each motive element to the radially inwardly adjacent motive element , whereby the innermost motive element receives the sum of the translational excursions of all the motive elements concentric to the innermost element . the sma linear actuator includes a restoring spring assembly having a restoring force that decreases with increasing displacement to minimize residual strain in the sma components . the sma wires are connected for ohmic heating in various series and parallel circuit arrangements that optimize force output , cycle time , current flow , and ease of connection . | 5 |
a method for producing a stable ceramic composition having a surface with a low friction coefficient and high wear resistance at high operating temperatures . a first deposition of a thin film of a metal ion is made upon the surface of the ceramic composition and then a first ion implantation of at least a portion of the metal ion is made into the near surface region of the composition . the implantation mixes the metal ion and the ceramic composition to form a near surface composite . the near surface composite is then oxidized sufficiently at high oxidizing temperatures to form an oxide gradient layer in the surface of the ceramic composition . | 2 |
this disclosure provides systems , methods , and apparatus for intercepting a moving target by a plurality of interceptors that individually have insufficient capability to achieve intercept . an electronic processor can receive information corresponding to a state of the moving target at a first time . the electronic processor can determine a plurality of hypotheses for the future maneuvers of the moving target . the hypotheses can be based in part on the state of the moving target at the first time and the location of any defended assets . the electronic processor can assign a respective target maneuver hypothesis or set of hypotheses to each of a plurality of interceptors . the electronic processor can assign firing times and / or initial guidance commands to each interceptor . the electronic processor can update the set of feasible hypotheses based on additional receipt of information on the motion of the target and communicate this information to interceptors in flight via a communication subsystem . the electronic processor , or a secondary electronic processor located on each interceptor , can control each interceptor to maneuver such that the moving target is intercepted , based on the respective target maneuver hypotheses . | 6 |
an herbicidal emulsifiable concentrate composition that contains prodiamine herbicide that shows excellent spreadability and stability and is particularly suitable for effective control of weeds in general residential and commercial landscaped areas . | 0 |
a method and system are provided for validating monitoring instruments whereby the validating solution contains other analytes normally present in an industrial liquid . the solution is checked for water purity prior to addition of other analytes and is checked for homogeneity after mixing with analytes . | 6 |
The evolution of active regions (AR) from their emergence through their long decay process is of fundamental importance in solar physics. Since large-scale flux is generated by the deep-seated dynamo, the observed characteristics of flux emergence and that of the subsequent decay provide vital clues as well as boundary conditions for dynamo models. Throughout their evolution, ARs are centres of magnetic activity, with the level and type of activity phenomena being dependent on the evolutionary stage of the AR. As new flux emerges into a pre-existing magnetic environment, its evolution leads to re-configuration of small-and large-scale magnetic connectivities. The decay process of ARs spreads the once-concentrated magnetic flux over an ever-increasing area. Though most of the flux disappears through small-scale cancellation processes, it is the remnant of large-scale AR fields that is able to reverse the polarity of the poles and build up new polar fields. In this Living Review the emphasis is put on what we have learned from observations, which is put in the context of modelling and simulation efforts when interpreting them. For another, modelling-focused Living Review on the sub-surface evolution and emergence of magnetic flux see Fan (2009). In this first version we focus on the evolution of dominantly bipolar ARs. | 9 |
described herein are heat recoverable composite couplings comprising an outer , tubular heat - shrinkable sleeve and a hollow insert member adapted to receive plural substrates . the insert member has a tapered surface to allow it to accommodate substrates of different sizes . recovery of the outer member forces the insert member into secure contact with the substrate forming a union between the substrates . | 5 |
an echo canceler disabling system is associated with a cellular data communications device , such as a modem , which is utilized to communicate digital data over a cellular network for the purpose of enhancing digital data communications over the network . the echo canceler disabling system is configured to disable voice echo cancelers brought on - line during digital data transmission after call startup in order to prevent disruption of digital data communications by the voice echo cancelers . to deactivate the voice echo cancelers , the echo canceler disabling system is configured to transmit a tone at approximately 2100 hz with 180 degree phase reversals to disable one or more echo cancelers brought on - line after the call startup . in architecture , the echo canceler disabling system includes a mechanism to detect a loss of signal synchronization , a mechanism to send an echo canceler disable tone , and a mechanism to send a retrain signal after the echo canceler disable tone is sent in order to reestablish signal synchronization . | 7 |
the invention comprises a disposable beverage cup that comprises a ledge between the cup &# 39 ; s rim and the grasping portion of the cup that is commonly held in the user &# 39 ; s hand . the ledge , which comprises a curb , a horizontal plane , and one or more indentations , acts as a barrier between the user &# 39 ; s hand and other objects , preventing a lid that has been press fit onto the cup &# 39 ; s rim from being dislodged . in order to remove the lid , the user must insert a finger and / or thumb into the indentation and press upward on the lid . the cup has a contour between the ledge and the grasping portion with ergonomic features to increase the user &# 39 ; s comfort in handling the cup . | 0 |
a plastic lid is hinged to a rodent bait containing base . a card holder protrudes from the inside surface of a lid upper wall . tabs extend inwardly from two side rails extending from the inside surface , with a flexible service record card being retained between the tabs and the inside surface . inadvertent dislodgment of the card from between the side rails is prevented by front and rear members . the card is readily removed from the card holder by being flexed and extracted over the front member . the tabs may have beveled front surfaces to facilitate insertion of the card . the card is marked with indicia to indicate the service history of the bait station . | 0 |
a device to help minimize medical recovery time and to help prevent medical errors in the form of a garment that is more comfortable for a patient to wear and that provides information , such as medical information , that saves the care giver time and that can help prevent medical errors . such information can include allergies , medical conditions , blood type , identification of scheduled procedures , name , emergency contact numbers and other medical information . privacy flaps can be provided to cover such information when it is not being used by the caregiver . the garment securely fastens in both the front and back to prevent accidental exposure , including accidental exposure through gaping material between fasteners . additionally , pockets are provided at approximately hip level to allow the wearer to comfortably place their hands in their pockets if they want their hands to be warmer . | 0 |
an inlet distributor for use in downflow reactors or contacting vessels removes debris from the feedstream that could otherwise plug the top of the catalyst or particle bed surface . gaseous streams are charged into the inlet distributor and debris is separated from the inlet stream and accumulated in the bottom of the distributor . fluid flow in the bottom of the distributor is minimized to prevent reentrainment of debris into the gas stream as it leaves the distributor . | 1 |
the invention provides a shuttle kiln that can fire ceramic porous bodies containing organic binders in a shorter period of time than in conventional methods without occurring breaks due to a temperature difference between the inside and the outside . the shuttle kiln of the invention is suited for firing of ceramic porous bodies containing organic binders . it includes a gas suction path 4 that suctions in - furnace gas and discharges it via an afterburner 5 and a circulation path 7 that suctions the in - furnace gas to the furnace outside to burn organic binder gas and then returns it into the furnace . | 2 |
a boundary scan test system including a transmitter and a receiver . the system performs dc and ac boundary scan testing of the interconnections between devices . the system addresses fault masking that can occur during testing . of concern are ac coupled interconnections while providing ieee 1149 . 1 dc test compatibility . the test receiver includes an input test buffer and an interface mechanism . the input test buffer has a built - in null detection capability . the interface mechanism includes a technology mapper , one or more detectors , and an integrator . the receiver provides at least partial , if not complete , coverage for at least one of five fault syndromes that can result from single defect conditions in the system . | 6 |
a hollow fiber formed of hydrophilic material and having permeable walls is treated to enhance the permeability . reactions used to treat the fiber have a gas inside and gas outside , a gas inside and liquid outside , a liquid inside and gas outside , and a liquid inside and a liquid outside . the treatments generally involve the plasticizing of the fiber material while having the inside of the fiber at a higher pressure than the outside . these treatments produce a structural change in the fiber from a flexible tube having strong walls to expanded , rigid and somewhat fragile walls . where more than a short length of the treated fiber is to be used , an open mesh cage is used to confine the fiber to a desired volume during treatment and to protect it subsequently . a technique for joining flexible tubing to the treated fiber is presented . the treated fiber may be used in apparatus and methods involving osmosis and reverse osmosis . novel plant irrigation methods and apparatus are disclosed , and structures for changing the solvent quanties of solutes and measuring the osmotic pressures of solutions are also presented . | 1 |
the method includes providing a portable self - contained calibration device to an electrofusion controller . the calibration device includes internal or external dummy loads to simulate real fittings to be fused and instructs the electrofusion controller to apply electricity to these dummy load . then , the calibration device uses a measurement sub - system to measure a pre - determined parameter . a microcontroller sub - system determines if there is a difference between the measured values and the expected values . if there is a difference , the calibration device adjusts the electrofusion controller &# 39 ; s memory . the calibration device repeats the measurement with a second independent measurement device to ensure accuracy . | 1 |
the invention relates to a method for adjusting a sensor device for determining the rotational position of an electronically - commutated motor with rotor and stator , where the sensor device is fitted in a specific position relative to the rotor , the increments generated by the sensor device being recorded while the rotor is rotating , the angular position of the rotor being recorded while the rotor is rotating , and the correlation of the recorded angular position with the sensor device increments being subsequently saved . | 7 |
the present invention concerns an electroless nickel plating bath suitable for application in plating on plastic processes . the plating bath is free of hazardous substances such as lead ions and ammonia and allows deposition of nickel phosphorous alloys on plastic substrates at plating temperatures not higher than 55 ° c . furthermore , the deposition of copper from an immersion type copper plating bath onto the nickel phosphorous coatings require no activation step which results in less process steps and less waste water production . | 2 |
banking apparatus comprising a plurality of transaction devices having at least one common operative device , means for presetting a pattern of transactions representing a combination of transactions processable according to a status of the transaction devices , means connected with the means for presetting the pattern of transactions for generating a first predetermined signal pattern , means for entering a customer selected transaction into the apparatus , means connected with the means for entering for generating a second predetermined signal , means for checking for the presence or absence of a predetermined relation between the first and second predetermined signal patterns and for judging whether a customer selected transaction is available and means for executing a customer selected transaction which has been judged to be available by the judging means . | 6 |
a system and method of automatic session resource clean - up resulting from a client - server session wherein the client has requested use of server resources during the session . during each session , a list of the resources allocated to that session and associated with the client is maintained and , when the session terminates , either naturally or unnaturally , the allocated resources are released or freed up , allowing later use of the same resources by a different session , either with the same client or with a different client . a session may terminate naturally because a program which is using the resource has completed its operation and ended normally . a session may also terminate unnaturally , e . g ., because the connection between the client and the server has been broken for some reason or because a program has aborted or become hung in an inoperative state . because such unnatural terminations do not normally provide a farewell message from the client to the server — only silence , from the lack of further processing messages — there is no way for the server to release the resource and no naturally occurring message to the server that the client is not present . the present invention overcomes these disadvantages by determining when a session has ended and releasing the resources associated with the client . | 7 |
an implantable anti - tachycardia pacemaker having the capability of switching from a first pacing regimen to a second pacing regimen , without waiting to determine whether the first pacing regimen actually is successful in terminating the tachycardia . the device first delivers a short series of pacing pulses at the defined parameters of the first pacing regimen and then interrupts delivery of pacing pulses and measures the return cycle of the subsequent spontaneous depolarization . the device then resumes delivery of the first pacing regimen for a second , greater number of pacing pulses and again measures the return cycle . in the event that no increase in the return cycle occurs following the delivery of the longer series of pacing pulses , the device terminates the pacing regimen presently underway , and initiates the next scheduled therapy . in the event that an increase in the return cycle is detected , the device may simply deliver the programmed number of pacing pulses defined for the first pacing regimen . | 0 |
an apparatus for making transmission belts by assembling a belt sleeve or belt body in the conventional manner and placing them in a vulcanizing chamber . the belt body or sleeve is sandwiched between radially expansible and radially contractable members of the vulanizing chamber . outward radial pressure is first applied to the belt body or sleeve and then a radial inward pressure is applied . heat is simultaneously added to cure the body or sleeve . | 8 |
the invented fluffer is a retractable hay and bean agricultural design for use in fluffing hay , bean and other crops . the retractable fluffer comprises : a pickup assembly 40 for fluffing hay or beans , the pickup assembly 40 is attached to and supported by a pickup frame 30 , the pickup frame 30 is pivotally attached to a hitch attachment assembly 50 at a pair of pivots , the hitch attachment assembly 50 attaches to a standard three - point hitch located on the rear of a tractor 200 . preferably , a gauge wheel assembly 60 is attached to the pickup frame 30 for assisting in holding the pickup frame 30 above the surface of the ground . benefits of the invented fluffer include maneuverability ; the ability to be adjustably connected at an angle to the tractor ; safety ; the use of a 3 - point hitch attachment ; a reduction in the amount of time required for the beans or hay within the field to dry ; and reducing or eliminating occurrences of mildew , molds and other fungal growths upon the undersides of the windrow and within the plant matter later harvested or baled . | 0 |
a device for preventing unwanted electromagnetic inquiry of an electronic card storing information thereon by the transmission of a rogue interrogating signal from an rfid skimmer proximate the electronic card . the device comprises a first and a second conductive material layer each operating to detune an antenna associated with the electronic card or to detune front end resonant circuits associated with the electronic card , and one or more third material layers having a greater thickness than the first and second layers and disposed between the first and second layers , the one or more third material layers providing electromagnetic shielding against radio frequency signals emitted from the electronic card . | 6 |
disclosed are compounds of the formula : or pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts thereof wherein : r 1 and r 2 are the same or different and represent hydrogen , halogen , c 1 - c 6 alkyl , c 1 - c 6 alkoxy , c 1 - c 6 alkylthio , hydroxy , amino , mono - or dialkylamino , cyano or trifluoromethyl ; ar represents aryl or heteroaryl , each of which is optionally substituted with r 3 , r 4 and / or r 4 ; r 3 , r 4 , and r 6 independently represent hydrogen , halogen , hydroxy , c 1 - c 6 alkyl , c 1 - c 6 alkoxy , perfluoroalkyl , perfluoroalkoxy , or so 2 nh 2 ; or r 3 and r 4 together with the atoms to which they are attached represent a ring having 5 - 7 atoms ; and r 5 represents hydrogen or c 1 - c 6 alkyl , which compounds are useful for the treatment and / or prevention of neuropsychological disorders including , but not limited to , schizophrenia , mania , dementia , depression , anxiety , compulsive behavior , substance abuse , parkinson - like motor disorders and motion disorders related to the use of neuroleptic agents . | 2 |
the rolled photonic fibers presents two codependent , technologically exploitable features for light and color manipulation : regularity on the nanoscale that is superposed with microscale cylindrical symmetry , resulting in wavelength selective scattering of light in a wide range of directions . the bio - inspired photonic fibers combine the spectral filtering capabilities and color brilliance of a planar bragg stack compounded with a large angular scattering range introduced by the microscale curvature , which also decreases the strong directional chromaticity variation usually associated with flat multilayer reflectors . transparent and elastic synthetic materials equip the multilayer interference fibers with high reflectance that is dynamically tuned by longitudinal mechanical strain . a two - fold elongation of the elastic fibers results in a shift of reflection peak center wavelength of over 200 nm . | 6 |
digital mixers which permit mixing of asynchronous signals may be constructed of rapid single flux quantum logic elements . the logic elements may include an rsfq non - destructive readout cell , an rsfq d flip - flop , an rsfq xor circuit , and an rsfq t flip - flop . a binary tree arrangement of t flip - flops can be used to provide in - phase and quadrature phase - divided replicas of a reference signal . the mixing elements can be either an xor circuit , a dual port ndro circuit functioning as a multiplexer or an rs type ndro functioning as an and gate . the rsfq logic elements utilize josephson junctions which operate in superconducting temperature domains . | 7 |
a headrest tilt mechanism is provided for installation on a chair . the mechanism includes a back insert that frames an area of the chair to be independently pivoted . a pair of spaced headrest tilts are coupled to the back insert , and pivotally coupled to the back frame of the chair . a lower connector tube is coupled to the back frame of the chair below the back insert . a linkage coupler is pivotally coupled to an upper member at an upper pivot point and is pivotally coupled an actuator at a lower pivot point . the upper member has a secured leg secured to the pair of spaced headrest tilts and a pivotal leg pivotally coupled to the linkage coupler . an actuator is pivotally coupled between the linkage coupler and the lower connector tube that can be actuated to pivot the headrest tilts from a closed to an open position . | 0 |
an image forming system includes an image forming apparatus ; an image processor , the image processor includes instruction element for requesting image processing parameter adjustment data from the image forming apparatus ; a receiver for receiving image processing parameter adjustment data from the image forming apparatus , and image processor for performing adjustment of an image processing parameter based on the image processing parameter adjustment data received by the receiver . the image forming apparatus includes a data creating device for creating image processing parameter adjustment data , and a transmitter for transmitting the image processing parameter adjustment data created by the data creating element to the image processor . | 6 |
one aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of targeting . the method includes positioning a sight point so that the sight point can be used to shoot targets located at different positions relative to the shooter . another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a sighting arrangement for facilitating the practice of the above - identified method . | 5 |
in a video recorder having a drum with opposing dual record heads , successive fields of only the luminance signal are recorded by the heads during successive head rotations through 180 °. the tape is overwrapped around the drum by a certain angle so that the chrominance signal of each preceeding field may be compressed and recorded during each head rotation through the overwrap angle . because the luminance signal is not mixed with the chrominance for recording , the luminance bandwidth may be increased by about 1 megahertz to occupy the frequency band otherwise occupied by the color - under chrominance signal in the prior art . this provides a significant improvement in overall video image resolution . | 7 |
To investigate the role of magnetic fields in the evolution of the interstellar medium, formation and evolution of molecular clouds, and ultimately the formation of stars, their three-dimensional (3D) magnetic fields must be probed. Observing only one component of magnetic fields (along the line of sight or parallel to the plane of the sky) is insufficient to identify these 3D vectors. In recent years, novel techniques for probing each of these two components and integrating them with additional data (from observations or models), such as Galactic magnetic fields or magnetic field inclination angles, have been developed, in order to infer 3D magnetic fields. We review and discuss these advancements, their applications, and their future direction. | 9 |
a tubular spring is provided for receiving and pretensioning a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator of an actuator unit , e . g ., for actuating a fuel injector valve in internal combustion engines , wherein the tubular spring comprises at least two types of recesses , each comprising different maximum lateral extensions in the longitudinal direction of the tubular spring . the tubular spring is designed to comprise a uniform load distribution about the circumference of the tubular spring even without welding the longitudinal sides thereof abutting one another . | 7 |
the invention relates to novel pharmaceutically acceptable salts of anticonvulsant derivatives , processes for preparation of and pharmaceutical compositions containing said salts , useful in the treatment of epilepsy . | 2 |
We analyzed the inactive nucleus of the main-belt comet 2010 LH15 at a true anomaly of 262°. Observations using the Gemini North Telescope in 2023 July yielded an absolute R-band magnitude of (18.4 ± 0.2) mag. Assuming a C-type geometric albedo and phase function, we estimated the nucleus radius to be (0.5 ± 0.1) km. The examination of the lightcurve profile did not yield clear evidence for a rotational period shorter than 2 hr. | 9 |
a device and method are provided for controlling the temperature , in particular for cooling , of an led lamp or led modules of an led lamp , e . g ., for curing a light - cured pipe . the device includes : a fluid supply line and multiple heat exchangers connected to the supply line ; multiple leds coupled to each heat exchanger with respect to heat transfer ; and a fluid return line . the fluid supply and return lines are connected to each other in a fluid - tight manner by various combinations of l - pieces and t - pieces in or at the ends of the fluid supply and the return lines , so that the fluid flows from the leds in a spatially separated way and the fluid supply and return lines have at least two parallel fluid connections to each other , the heat exchangers being arranged in the fluid connections or constituting the fluid connections . | 5 |
the invention related to a method and circuit that is used to compensate for s - parameters of a passive circuit which do not satisfy passivity . the method includes the following steps : getting s - parameters which do not satisfy passivity , these s - parameters being composed of an s - parameter matrix s ; computing matrix , wherein matrix s ′ is a complex conjugate transposed matrix of the s - parameter matrix s ; computing the eigenvalues of the matrix , and choosing an eigenvalue ψ whose real part real is the biggest ; computing a compensating value ξ , the compensating value ξ being equal to real 1 / 2 ×, wherein the ε is a very small positive number ; and dividing each of the s - parameters by the compensating value ξ to get the compensated s - parameters . | 6 |
this disclosure provides a system for securing a bone to a rod , the system comprising a ligature , a body , and two fasteners . the ligature has two free ends and an intermediate portion therebetween , the intermediate portion being configured to engage a bone . a portion of a rod can be fastened to the body using one of the fasteners . the ligature can be fastened to the body using another one of the fasteners . the two fasteners are distinct from one another and are adapted to fasten two free end portions of the ligature to the body independently from fastening the portion of the rod to the body . | 0 |
The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence has traditionally been conducted at radio wavelengths, but optical searches are well-motivated and increasingly feasible due to the growing availability of high-resolution spectroscopy. We present a data analysis pipeline to search Automated Planet Finder (APF) spectroscopic observations from the Levy Spectrometer for intense, persistent, narrow-bandwidth optical lasers. We describe the processing of the spectra, the laser search algorithm, and the results of our laser search on 1983 spectra of 388 stars as part of the Breakthrough Listen search for technosignatures. We utilize an empirical spectra-matching algorithm called SpecMatch-Emp to produce residuals between each target spectrum and a set of best-matching catalog spectra, which provides the basis for a more sensitive search than previously possible. We verify that SpecMatch-Emp performs well on APF-Levy spectra by calibrating the stellar properties derived by the algorithm against the SpecMatch-Emp library and against Gaia catalog values. We leverage our unique observing strategy, which produces multiple spectra of each target per night of observing, to increase our detection sensitivity by programmatically rejecting events that do not persist between observations. With our laser search algorithm, we achieve a sensitivity equivalent to the ability to detect an 84 kW laser at the median distance of a star in our data set (78.5 ly). We present the methodology and vetting of our laser search, finding no convincing candidates consistent with potential laser emission in our target sample. | 9 |
a method and an apparatus for treating fluorescent substances used in illumination lamps or cathode ray tubes for television receivers . a gas plasma is produced by passing a gas through a discharge tube . the gas plasma including the active species are directed so as to bring the active species into contact with the fluorescent substance , the fluorescent substance being placed at a region separated from the plasma producing region . | 2 |
a device method for repairing leaks in pressurized lines , particularly refrigeration lines , without having to drain the fluid from the line , thereby reducing the possibility of refrigerant contamination and / or loss , and providing protection to the environment . the device of this invention is installed over a leak in the line and remains in service for the life of the line . | 5 |
This release adds code from @oraschewski that simulates strain softening of the firn. (Oraschewski and Grinsted, 2021; https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2021-240) | 9 |
the invention contemplates steering damper to drag link attachment clamp and method . a vehicle steering linkage has a steering damper including a drag link attachment joint , and a mounting bolt operatively engaging the drag link attachment joint . a drag link assembly has a main drag link socket assembly including a main rod portion ; a clamp includes a main body and a pair of legs extending therefrom , with the main body defining a rod receiving bore within which is mounted the main rod portion of the drag link socket assembly , and the legs each include a bolt hole through which the mounting bolt extends ; and a weld securing the main body of the clamp to the main rod portion . a nut engages the bolt such that the legs are pulled closer together , causing the main body to apply a clamping load to the main rod portion . | 1 |
a cube corner type retroreflector comprised of transparent solid material or the like wherein retroreflective units of preferably different types are distributable over the entire surface of a product reflector . individual retroreflective units are arranged in row in such retroreflector and all of the cube corner retroreflective units in each row have substantially identical characteristics . in such a reflector , two different types of cube corner retroreflective units are distributable over the entire face of a product reflector unit instead of being grouped together into specific regions of retroreflective properties . | 6 |
the invention is directed toward a cartilage repair assembly comprising a shaped allograft two piece construct with a demineralized cancellous cap and a mineralized cylindrical base member defining a blind bore with a through going transverse bore intersecting the blind bore . the demineralized cancellous cap has a cylindrical top portion and a smaller diameter cylindrical stem extending away from the top portion which fits into the blind bore of the mineralized base member . the cap stem defines a transverse through going bore which is aligned with the through going bore of the base member to receive a cylindrical cortical pin holding the cap within the base member . the shaped structure is dimensioned to fit in a drilled bore in a cartilage defect area so that the assembly engages the side wall of the drilled bore in an interference fit . | 0 |
a pharmaceutical combination comprising a compound of formula , or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof ; and one or more at least one compound targeting , decreasing or inhibiting the intrinsic atpase activity of hsp90 and / or degrading , targeting , decreasing or inhibiting the hsp90 client proteins via the ubiquitin proteosome pathway ; the uses of such combination in the treatment or prevention of proliferative diseases ; and methods of treating a subject suffering from a proliferative disease ; and methods of treating a subject suffering from a proliferative disease comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of such combination . | 0 |
This is version 1.0 of Helios-r2 | 9 |
an active balancing and battery charging system for a battery including a plurality of packs made up of cells . an h - bridge circuit having a nominal system voltage as an input generates a square wave output to a plurality of step - down transformers each associated with a pack , where the plurality of step - down transformers provide an active balancing voltage of about the nominal pack voltage . each pack may include a balancing transformer including a common primary coil receiving the active balancing voltage from the associated step - down transformer or the pack itself . the balancing transformer also includes a plurality of secondary coils each associated with the respective plurality of cells of the pack . a voltage induced in the secondary coils causes a discrete charge current to flow to any cells in the pack that are undercharged relative to other cells . | 1 |
a method of manufacturing semiconductor devices wherein images of non - defect anomalies are captured and stored with image data and linkage data in a database . the non - defect anomaly data is stored in database for later retrieval . | 6 |
Context. The discovery of moderate differential rotation between the core and the envelope of evolved solar-like stars could be the signature of a strong magnetic field trapped inside the radiative interior. The population of intermediate-mass red giants presenting surprisingly low-amplitude mixed modes (i.e. oscillation modes that behave as acoustic modes in their external envelope and as gravity modes in their core) could also arise from the effect of an internal magnetic field. Indeed, stars more massive than about 1.1 solar masses are known to develop a convective core during their main sequence. The field generated by the dynamo triggered by this convection could be the progenitor of a strong fossil magnetic field trapped inside the core of the star for the remainder of its evolution. <BR /> Aims: Observations of mixed modes can constitute an excellent probe of the deepest layers of evolved solar-like stars, and magnetic fields in those regions can impact their propagation. The magnetic perturbation on mixed modes may therefore be visible in asteroseismic data. To unravel which constraints can be obtained from observations, we theoretically investigate the effects of a plausible mixed axisymmetric magnetic field with various amplitudes on the mixed-mode frequencies of evolved solar-like stars. <BR /> Methods: First-order frequency perturbations due to an axisymmetric magnetic field were computed for dipolar and quadrupolar mixed modes. These computations were carried out for a range of stellar ages, masses, and metallicities. <BR /> Conclusions: We show that typical fossil-field strengths of 0.1 − 1 MG, consistent with the presence of a dynamo in the convective core during the main sequence, provoke significant asymmetries on mixed-mode frequency multiplets during the red giant branch. We provide constraints and methods for the detectability of such magnetic signatures. We show that these signatures may be detectable in asteroseismic data for field amplitudes small enough for the amplitude of the modes not to be affected by the conversion of gravity into Alfvén waves inside the magnetised interior. Finally, we infer an upper limit for the strength of the field and the associated lower limit for the timescale of its action in order to redistribute angular momentum in stellar interiors. | 9 |
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