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a method for controlling operation of a system for controlling the atmosphere within a confined space . the system has an electrical control having a display and electrically controlled components . the components include an air compressor , a filter , an air heater , a separator for dividing air into streams of oxygen and nitrogen , and flow control valves for varying the purity of the nitrogen stream . the system also includes sensors for indicating the temperature leaving the heater and the temperature within the confined space . a sensor indicates the pressure upstream of the control valves . an oxygen sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor are included . the method includes the steps of energizing the system and simultaneously operating the electrical control to perform the steps of : operating the compressor to an on or off position responsive to inputs from the oxygen sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor ; operating the flow control to achieve setpoint oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere , in response to inputs from the oxygen sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor ; operating the air heater to maintain a preset value ; monitoring the oxygen sensor , and , compensating the output when a predetermined temperature of the atmosphere is indicated ; monitoring the carbon dioxide sensor , and compensating the output when a predetermined change in the temperature of the carbon dioxide sensor occurs ; and monitoring system components , and , indicating on the display when unsafe or out of range conditions occur . | 5 |
process for preparing prostanoic acid derivatives , in particular derivatives of 9 , 15 - dioxygenated prostanoic acid and prost - 13 - enoic acid , related additionally unsaturated derivatives , homologs thereof and intermediates therefor , in which a lower alkyl ester of 2 - cyclopent - 2 - en - 1 - one in which y is ch 2 ---- m wherein is ch 2 ch 2 , ch ═ ch or c . tbd . c and m is an integer from 2 - 4 is treated with nitromethane to yield 2 -- 3 - nitromethyl - cyclopentan - 1 - one and the latter compound or its corresponding 1 - hydroxy analog are converted to the corresponding aldehyde , 2 - cyclopentan - 1 - on - 3 - al or 1 - hydroxy - 2 - cyclopentan - 3 - al , respectively . treatment of the aldehyde with the ylid prepared from the appropriate wittig reagent , preferably a dimethyl 2 - oxoalkylphosphonate of the formula 2 pch 2 co n ch 3 in which n is an integer of from 1 - 6 and alk is an alkyl containing from 1 - 3 carbon atoms yields the corresponding derivatives of 2 -- 3 - cyclopentan - 1 - one or - 1 - o1 in which the oxygen functions may be selectively protected and transformed by conventional means , and in which the unsaturated bonds may be reduced to a single bond . the prostanoic acid derivatives possess prostaglandin like biological activities . methods for their use are also disclosed . | 2 |
a plug is used to plug the end of a drain tube . the drain tube is introduced into a patient during a medical procedure to drain the surgical site . the drain tube is introduced through an opening or incision in the patient leading to the interior of the patient &# 39 ; s body . a medical instrument is used to extract the drain tube out through the opening in the patient &# 39 ; s body . the plug includes an elongated insertion section of a cross - sectional size for slidable insertion into the end of the drain tube . the plug also includes a grasping section projecting longitudinally from the insertion section and conveniently graspable by the medical instrument . the grasping section includes a tip portion opposite the insertion section , and a base portion located between the tip and the insertion section . the cross - sectional size of the base portion is greater than the cross - sectional size of the tip portion , wherein the cross - sectional size of the grasping section decreases in a direction extending away from the insertion section . | 0 |
a media management , production , and delivery system and method for providing an efficient means of producing and delivering text and media are disclosed . original text such as a news story is provided by a media source . media relevant to the original text is edited and linked to the text . the edited and linked media and text is published to a television station , television , web site , and mobile device . users select a news story and can read the text article while the media plays in a media player window . the original and edited versions of the text and media are stored in a media archive and available for future use . the timing of publishing media is selectable so that a media playlist can be created for broadcasting . | 6 |
this application relates to a method of separating the phosphate diastereoisomers of gemcitabine ]- phosphate using crystallisation . in particular , crystallisation from isopropyl alcohol provides gemcitabine -]-- phosphate in high diastereoisomerically pure form . this application also relates to a crystalline form of gemcitabine ]-- phosphate . | 2 |
a waveguide holographic telltale display for displaying images to a vehicle driver via the vehicle windshield . a light source injects light into the base of a clear inner windshield singlet . a mirror hologram between the inner and outer singlets confines a majority of the injected light to the inner singlet . an image hologram between the windshield singlets diffracts light out to the vehicle driver . a halfwave plate between the image hologram and the inner singlet reduces ghosting and allows the driver to view the images even through polarized sunglasses . ir light is blocked by a tinted outer singlet or a holographic solar coating . the display does not suffer from ambient turn from the sun , and the light source is hidden away from the vehicle dash . | 6 |
We derive the low-redshift galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF), inclusive of dust corrections, for the equatorial Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) data set covering 180 deg<SUP>2</SUP>. We construct the mass function using a density-corrected maximum volume method, using masses corrected for the impact of optically thick and thin dust. We explore the galactic bivariate brightness plane (M<SUB>⋆</SUB>-μ), demonstrating that surface brightness effects do not systematically bias our mass function measurement above 10<SUP>7.5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. The galaxy distribution in the M-μ plane appears well bounded, indicating that no substantial population of massive but diffuse or highly compact galaxies are systematically missed due to the GAMA selection criteria. The GSMF is fitted with a double Schechter function, with M^\star =10^{10.78± 0.01± 0.20} M_{⊙}, φ ^\star _1=(2.93± 0.40)× 10^{-3} h_{70}^3 Mpc<SUP>-3</SUP>, α<SUB>1</SUB> = -0.62 ± 0.03 ± 0.15, φ ^\star _2=(0.63± 0.10)× 10^{-3} h_{70}^3 Mpc<SUP>-3</SUP> and α<SUB>2</SUB> = -1.50 ± 0.01 ± 0.15. We find the equivalent faint end slope as previously estimated using the GAMA-I sample, although we find a higher value of M^\star. Using the full GAMA-II sample, we are able to fit the mass function to masses as low as 10<SUP>7.5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and assess limits to 10<SUP>6.5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. Combining GAMA-II with data from G10-COSMOS, we are able to comment qualitatively on the shape of the GSMF down to masses as low as 10<SUP>6</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. Beyond the well-known upturn seen in the GSMF at 10<SUP>9.5</SUP>, the distribution appears to maintain a single power-law slope from 10<SUP>9</SUP> to 10<SUP>6.5</SUP>. We calculate the stellar mass density parameter given our best-estimate GSMF, finding Ω _\star = 1.66^{+0.24}_{-0.23}± 0.97 h^{-1}_{70} × 10^{-3}, inclusive of random and systematic uncertainties. | 9 |
a fluid pump includes a pump housing having a housing cavity with an inlet and an outlet . an encapsulated stator assembly is positioned within the housing cavity and at least partially defines a fluid passage from the inlet to the outlet . a polymeric capsule member encloses and seals the encapsulated stator assembly , protecting the motor from , and providing heat transfer to , the working fluid . a stator provides a magnetic field which drives a rotor assembly . the rotor assembly rotates an impeller for pumping fluid from the inlet to the outlet . | 5 |
an electrical wiring system for use in an ac electrical power distribution circuit including a plurality of ac electric power transmitting wires having termination ends disposed within a device box . the system includes a plug connector device configured to terminate the plurality of ac electric power transmitting wires . the system additionally includes an electrical wiring device including at least one ac electric circuit element and at least one electrical interface operatively coupled to the at least one circuit element . the electrical wiring device also includes a receptacle , wherein the receptacle is configured to receive the plug connector device such that electrical continuity is established between the ac electric circuit element and the plurality of ac electric power transmitting wires when the plug connector device is inserted into the receptacle . | 8 |
the present invention relates to an adaptive frequency hopping apparatus in a wireless personal area network system , wherein predetermined packets of data can be correctly transmitted by estimating the channel qualities of operating bands in advance and transmitting the packets through a proper band . | 7 |
the apparatus performs a forced reshaping of a flat green glass part during a ceramicizing process in which the viscosity of the glass is temporarily lowered due to crystallization heat . the apparatus includes a continuous furnace for the ceramicizing process : a reshaping device provided with activating openings ; and vertically movable pressure - operated reshaping tools arranged in the reshaping device . the furnace is provided with lateral openings for temporarily connecting activating lines to the activating openings of the reshaping device in a sealed manner in order to operate the reshaping tools by supplying pressurized air to the reshaping device or by producing a low pressure in the reshaping device . | 2 |
the present invention relates to a wall plate terminal , providing a rigid through - wall plumbing connection . a two degree pitch can be provided in the stem portions , providing drainage . the inner wall stem , outer wall stem and the plate are a single integral component . any manner of plumbing connections , pipes , fixtures , etc . can be connected to either the inner or outer stems . | 4 |
Official repository of open data MassBank records | 9 |
the present invention includes devices and methods for lead , conduit or other medical fixture placement in tissues or organs . the device is configured to permit the placement foot , such as a suction foot , to articulate to a desired position with respect to the target tissue , while the lead , conduit or other medical fixture is releasably attached to the placement foot to permit it to be released from the placement foot after stabilization on the target tissue site . in a preferred embodiment , the invention features an articulating dual suction foot device , an inner lead conduit or guide and foot contained within an outer lead conduit or guide and foot , with the inner conduit or guide configured to extend from the outer conduit or guide , and to be further articulated once extended . | 0 |
ectoparasites , such as fleas , ticks , mites and lice , are removed from a human or animal host after applying a composition that causes the temperature of the treated area to become higher or lower than normal . in one embodiment , treatment is effected by applying a composition that releases heat when contacted with water . the elevated or decreased temperature immobilizes the parasites and facilitates their mechanical removal , such as by combing . | 8 |
novel glycolipid derivatives of formula : ## str1 ## wherein r is a long chain alkyl , or their salts are disclosed . these compounds act as a ligand for selectin family and exhibit a remarkable inhibitory effect on the binding of selectin family to its native ligand sialyl lewis x . | 2 |
the invention provides novel polyesters , fibers and films , nonwovens from the fibers and disposable products of the polyesters such as diapers . the products are degradable under the conditions typically existing in waste compositing processes , have low ingredient costs and yet provide strength and toughness properties adequate for end uses such as in disposable diapers . the polyesters are based upon polyester ingredients , such as polyethylene terephthalate , copolymerized with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal 4 - sulfophthalic acid derivative , and other ingredients , such as polyethylene ether glycols and / or non - aromatic diacids , such as adipic and glutaric acids . | 8 |
we describe ph - sensitive endosomolytic polymers , delivery particles containing ph - sensitive endosomolytic polymers . the described particles are capable of delivering polynucleotides to cells from the peripheral circulation with subsequent release from endosomes . the endosomolytic polymers are inactive outside the cell but disrupt membranes upon exposure to an acidified endosomal compartment . | 2 |
a method for reducing interblock interference in an impulse response signal transmitted by a communications channel such as a digital subscriber loop channel . the method includes computing a time of reference based on a windowing function that assumes that the main lobe segment of the impulse response signal does not contribute ibi power and that the tail segments of the impulse signal , which fall outside of the main lobe segment of the impulse signal , contribute a non - uniform amount of ibi power . the method reduces ibi in the impulse response signal beyond that of conventional ibi reducing methods . | 7 |
a method of fuel treatment and distribution for an internal combustion engine including the steps as follows : operating an adiabatic reactor without a substantial amount of exhaust heat within an operational temperature range , the catalyst bed reactor including a partial combustion catalyst and a dissociation catalyst ; providing a substantial amount of engine exhaust heat to an endothermic reactor having an endothermic dissociation catalyst therein , vaporizing liquid alcohol to form alcohol vapor ; mixing the alcohol vapor with air to form a partial combustion mixture ; contacting the partial combustion mixture and the partial combustion catalyst whereby a dissociation mixture is formed and heat is evolved ; contacting the dissociation mixture and the dissociation catalyst to form a hydrogen rich fuel ; contacting the hydrogen - rich fuel and the endothermic dissociation catalyst to form a fuel product whereby at least a portion of any residual undissociated alcohol in the hydrogen - rich fuel is dissociated to hydrogen and carbon monoxide using the engine waste heat provided by the exhaust gas . | 8 |
a polishing apparatus comprises a polishing member that has a wide stable polishing range to perform effective polishing , even if a rotation axis moves away from the edge of a workpiece . a polishing member holder holds the polishing member , and a workpiece holder holds the workpiece to be polished . a drive device produces a relative sliding motion between the polishing member and the workpiece . at least one holder of either the polishing member holder or the workpiece holder is rotatable about a rotation axis and is tiltable with respect to other holder . such one holder is provided with a pressing mechanism to stabilize orientation or desired posture of the one holder by applying an adjusting pressure to the one holder at a location away from the rotation axis . | 1 |
one embodiment provides a semiconductor integrated circuit , including : a first input wire ; a second input wire ; a first look - up table comprising : a plurality of first memories ; a first number of first switches connected to the first input wire ; and a second number of second switches connected to the second input wire , the second number being less than the first number , the first lut being configured to output information which is stored in one of the first memories ; and a second lut including : a plurality of second memories ; a third number of third switches connected to the second input wire ; and a fourth number of fourth switches connected to the first input wire , the fourth number being less than the third number , the second lut being configured to output information which is stored in one of the second memories . | 7 |
a system that includes computer hardware , computer software , apparatus , and methodology that enables individuals , businesses , and all types of organizations to capture and securely transmit check images , deposit information , and other information from remote locations , for the purpose of having those checks credited to the depositing individual &# 39 ; s or organization &# 39 ; s bank account and having the check images entered into the bank check clearing channels for ultimate delivery to the maker bank for payment out of the maker &# 39 ; s account . | 6 |
compositions and methods for emulsifying a petroleum product that has been spilled upon a portion of the earth &# 39 ; s surface or that is burning are based upon use of a nonionic , primary surfactant composition comprising a first ethoxylated sorbitol oleate and , preferably , a second ethoxylated sorbitol oleate , and a nonionic , secondary surfactant that is capable of stabilizing and solubilizing the primary surfactant composition such that the resulting emulsifying compositions have a hydrophilic / lipophilic balance between about 12 . 0 and about 13 . 5 . | 8 |
A star destroyed by a supermassive black hole (SMBH) in a tidal disruption event (TDE) enables the study of SMBHs. We propose that the distance within which a star is completely destroyed by an SMBH, defined r<SUB>t,c</SUB>, is accurately estimated by equating the SMBH tidal field (including numerical factors) to the maximum gravitational field in the star. We demonstrate that this definition accurately reproduces the critical β<SUB>c</SUB> = r<SUB>t</SUB>/r<SUB>t,c</SUB>, where r<SUB>t</SUB> = R<SUB>⋆</SUB>(M<SUB>•</SUB>/M<SUB>⋆</SUB>)<SUP>1/3</SUP> is the standard tidal radius with R<SUB>⋆</SUB> and M<SUB>⋆</SUB> the stellar radius and mass, and M<SUB>•</SUB> the SMBH mass, for multiple stellar progenitors at various ages, and can be reasonably approximated by β<SUB>c</SUB> ≃ [ρ<SUB>c</SUB>/(4ρ<SUB>⋆</SUB>)]<SUP>1/3</SUP>, where ρ<SUB>c</SUB> (ρ<SUB>⋆</SUB>) is the central (average) stellar density. We also calculate the peak fallback rate and time at which the fallback rate peaks, finding excellent agreement with hydrodynamical simulations, and also suggest that the partial disruption radius - the distance at which any mass is successfully liberated from the star - is β<SUB>partial</SUB> ≃ 4<SUP>-1/3</SUP> ≃ 0.6. For given stellar and SMBH populations, this model yields, e.g. the fraction of partial TDEs, the peak luminosity distribution of TDEs, and the number of directly captured stars. | 9 |
We present observations at 1.1 mm towards 16 powerful radio galaxies and a radio-quiet quasar at 0.5 < z < 6.3 acquired with the AzTEC camera mounted at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope and Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment to study the spatial distribution of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) towards possible protocluster regions. The survey covers a total area of 1.01 sq deg with rms depths of 0.52-1.44 mJy and detects 728 sources above 3σ. We find overdensities of a factor of ∼2 in the source counts of three individual fields (4C+23.56, PKS1138-262, and MRC0355-037) over areas of ∼200 sq deg. When combining all fields, the source-count analysis finds an overdensity that reaches a factor ≳3 at S<SUB>1.1mm</SUB> ≥ 4 mJy covering a 1.5-arcmin-radius area centred on the active galactic nucleus. The large size of our maps allows us to establish that beyond a radius of 1.5 arcmin, the radial surface density of SMGs falls to that of a blank field. In addition, we find a trend for SMGs to align closely to a perpendicular direction with respect to the radio jets of the powerful central radio galaxies (73_{+13}^{-14} deg). This misalignment is found over projected comoving scales of 4-20 Mpc, departs from perfect alignment (0 deg) by ∼5σ, and apparently has no dependence on SMG luminosity. Under the assumption that the AzTEC sources are at the redshift of the central radio galaxy, the misalignment reported here can be interpreted as SMGs preferentially inhabiting mass-dominant filaments funnelling material towards the protoclusters, which are also the parent structures of the radio galaxies. | 9 |
apparatus and method to permit selective cutting and coagulation required in fine and delicate surgical procedures . the apparatus includes two body members having proximal ends and distal ends with jaw members located adjacent the body member &# 39 ; s distal ends . the body members are joined at a pivot located adjacent to the first and second jaw members joining the first and second body members where the body members &# 39 ; rotation about the pivot defines a plane of rotation . the scissors are adapted for selective application of energy to at least one jaw member by a switch located in the plane of rotation . | 0 |
We analyze the application of star formation rate calibrations using Hα and 22 μm infrared (IR) imaging data in predicting the thermal radio component for a test sample of three edge-on galaxies (NGC 891, NGC 3044, and NGC 4631) in the Continuum Halos in Nearby Galaxies—an EVLA Survey (CHANG-ES). We use a mixture of Hα and 24 μm calibration from Calzetti et al. and a linear 22 μm only calibration from Jarrett et al. on the test sample. We apply these relations on a pixel-to-pixel basis to create thermal prediction maps in the two CHANG-ES bands: L and C band (1.5 GHz and 6.0 GHz, respectively). We analyze the resulting nonthermal spectral index maps, and find a characteristic steepening of the nonthermal spectral index with vertical distance from the disk after application of all methods. We find possible evidence of extinction in the 22 μm data as compared to 70 μm Spitzer Multiband Imaging Photometer imaging in NGC 891. We analyze a larger sample of edge-on and face-on galaxy 25-100 μm flux ratios, and find that the ratios for edge-ons are systematically lower by a factor of 1.36, a result we attribute to excess extinction in the mid-IR in edge-ons. We introduce a new calibration for correcting the Hα luminosity for dust when galaxies are edge-on or very dusty. | 9 |
We study the sizes of galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization using a sample of ${\sim 100\, 000}$ galaxies from the BLUETIDES cosmological hydrodynamical simulation from z = 7 to 11. We measure the galaxy sizes from stellar mass and luminosity maps, defining the effective radius as the minimum radius that could enclose the pixels containing 50 per cent of the total mass/light in the image. We find an inverse relationship between stellar mass and effective half-mass radius, suggesting that the most massive galaxies are more compact and dense than lower mass galaxies, which have flatter mass distributions. We find a mildly negative relation between intrinsic far-ultraviolet luminosity and size, while we find a positive size-luminosity relation when measured from dust-attenuated images. This suggests that dust is the predominant cause of the observed positive size-luminosity relation, with dust preferentially attenuating bright sightlines resulting in a flatter emission profile and thus larger measured effective radii. We study the size-luminosity relation across the rest-frame ultraviolet and optical, and find that the slope decreases at longer wavelengths; this is a consequence of the relation being caused by dust, which produces less attenuation at longer wavelengths. We find that the far-ultraviolet size-luminosity relation shows mild evolution from z = 7 to 11, and galaxy size evolves with redshift as R ∝ (1 + z)<SUP>-m</SUP>, where m = 0.662 ± 0.009. Finally, we investigate the sizes of z = 7 quasar host galaxies, and find that while the intrinsic sizes of quasar hosts are small relative to the overall galaxy sample, they have comparable sizes when measured from dust-attenuated images. | 9 |
the storage space of the instant system is considered , for refresh purposes , to contain 512 groups of 26 bit digital words with each group containing 128 such words . memory refresh is implemented by sequentially refreshing the groups of digital words at the rate of one group every 2 . 8 microseconds , giving an expected total memory refresh time of approximately 1 . 43 milliseconds . a particular digital word from each group of digital words refreshed is read from the memory and transmitted to a parity check circuit which generates fault signals for any digital word having faulty parity . at the end of each of the approximately 1 . 43 millisecond refresh cycles , the particular word read from each group refreshed is changed so that at the end of 128 full refresh cycles , the parity of every digital word in the memory has been checked . further , circuitry is provided to store the location of the first failing digital word in a trap register in response to an indication of faulty parity . | 6 |
Added IMS 2022 Demo Notebook added Netlist tab added to GUI 3D Vector class and tests added Changed Optimize LOM performance Fixed Fixed the FakeJunctionGDS error | 9 |
Bug fix Replace click with typer dependency | 9 |
We present a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of dark matter subhaloes in the cosmological Bolshoi simulation. We identify a complete set of 12 unique evolution channels by which subhaloes evolve in between simulation outputs, and study their relative importance and demographics. We show that instantaneous masses and maximum circular velocities of individual subhaloes are extremely noisy, despite the use of a sophisticated, phase-space-based halo finder. We also show that subhaloes experience frequent penetrating encounters with other subhaloes (on average about one per dynamical time), and that subhaloes whose apo-centre lies outside the virial radius of their host (the 'ejected' or 'backsplash' haloes) experience tidal forces that modify their orbits. This results in an average fractional subhalo exchange rate among host haloes of ∼0.01 Gyr<SUP>-1</SUP> (at the present time). In addition, we show that there are three distinct disruption channels; one in which subhaloes drop below the mass resolution limit of the simulation, one in which subhaloes 'merge' with their host halo largely driven by dynamical friction, and one in which subhaloes abruptly disintegrate. We estimate that roughly 80 per cent of all subhalo disruption in the Bolshoi simulation is numerical, rather than physical. This 'overmerging' is a serious road-block for the use of numerical simulations to interpret small-scale clustering, or for any other study that is sensitive to the detailed demographics of dark matter substructure. | 9 |
this invention relates to dynamically controlled , electronic article surveillance systems whereby an array of antenna elements is digitally phased and actively driven for concurrent transmission , and digitally phased and combined in the receiver unit to improve detection . in particular , the individual frequency and phase of the plurality of the transmit / receive signals are rapidly varied to allow for automated manipulation of the transmit field pattern and receive field sensitivity . the invention achieves the following features via means of digital phasing and dynamic computer control : sufficient far - field cancellation , null - free detection and uncompromised detection performance regardless of tag &# 39 ; s orientation while using single transmission drivers to drive entire antenna structures , whether loop antenna or ferrite core antenna , using a phase coupler , thereby allowing more efficient system operation or additional features such as deactivator antenna operation . | 6 |
a transformer fault analyzer provides on site fault analysis of electrical distribution transformers , relying on patterns of parameter variation in transformer winding ratios , winding resistance and magnetizing impedance , and comparison of these parameters to predetermined values . in a preferred embodiment the analysis considers transformer ratio balance and magnetizing impedance balance . the transformer analyzer may be used with the transformer under load or no load conditions , and thus can be used to test transformers in the field as well as surplus or refurbished transformers . | 6 |
a method for applying a barrier to structures to prevent the infiltration of pest species uses a composition formed from a polyurethane polymer system and a pellet comprising a pesticide incorporated into a sorbent and dispersed in the polyurethane polymer system . the composition protects the structure by application either to the structure or to a pathway that leads to the structure . advantageous polymer systems include polyurethanes rich in urea linkages and predominating in aliphatic and alicyclic backbones . | 1 |
disclosed is a container and closure assembly including a container having a substantially circular opening and an outer wall containing an upper retention bead and a lower , regularly - outwardly extending security ring . the closure includes a one - piece plastic body having a top panel and an encircling skirt depending from the top panel so as to be integrally attached thereto . the skirt includes a groove for locking engagement with the retention bead to retain the closure on the container . a circumferential line of weakness in the skirt wall defines a removable tear strip having a movable free edge and which is removable from an upper portion of the skirt wall by fracturing the skirt wall along the upper line of weakness . a tear strip is weakened so as to form a plurality of circumferentially - spaced segments throughout the substantial entirety of its periphery . the segments are separable one from another in response to a prying or wedging force applied to the tear strip at the free edge thereof . | 1 |
a liquid ejecting head includes a coating resin layer including a plurality of ejection outlets for ejecting liquid and flow paths which are in fluid communication with the ejection outlets , respectively ; a substrate having energy generating elements for generating energy for ejecting liquid ; and an adhesion improving layer provided between the coating resin layer and the substrate . the coating resin layer further includes a first resin material layer closest to the substrate and at least one second resin material layer , and the first resin material layer provides at least one stepped portion continuing from a periphery of the second resin material layer . | 1 |
a circuit for detecting voltage states output from a voltage generating engine has a first connection point connecting the circuit to a voltage output of the engine , a second connection point connecting the circuit to electrical ground and a digital output signal port for providing binary output values . the circuit detects voltage levels ranging above and below a nominal voltage level and assigns binary values to the detected states , the values used as instruction to a device coupled to the circuit . | 1 |
the present invention includes an orthotic brace which offers advantages in being able to be adjusted to fit the small of the back of a specific wearer , and may attain an infinite number of positions within its range of motion , while providing effective reinforced lumbar support . | 0 |
a ball marking device in which a ball is easily loaded into and held in position in the device for marking and in which the selected character or indicia are easily loaded into the device . | 1 |
the present invention provides a composition based on a starch powder , wheat germ , sio 2 , mgo , al 2 o 3 , fe 2 o 3 , and k 2 o . this composition is extremely useful in treating acid related disorders and reducing the acidity , removing water , deodorizing , from plant oil and extending the oils shelf life of 3 - 5 years instead of the average one - year available . | 0 |
an improved process for production of mixed cation - exchanged adsorbents that involves a single pass ion exchange . the precursor zeolite is treated with a combined essentially stoichiometric and excess solution of desirable weakly held and strongly held cations so that the resultant zeolite has the required mixed cation composition , while consuming smaller amounts of weakly held cation . ion exchange post - treatment includes an optional equilibration step to ensure a uniform adsorbent and an optional washing step . | 1 |
a method of forming a connection is comprised of the steps of depositing a lower conductor . a dielectric layer is deposited on the lower conductor , with the dielectric layer having a lower surface adjacent to the lower conductor , and having an upper surface . an opening extending between the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric layer is formed . a conductive plug is deposited within the opening , with the plug having an upper surface proximate the upper surface of the dielectric layer . the upper surface has an edge where the upper surface of the plug is adjacent to the dielectric layer . a recess is formed proximate to the edge of the upper surface of the plug , the recess extending into both the plug and the dielectric layer . finally , an upper conductor is deposited on the upper surface of the dielectric layer and the upper surface of the plug . a connection thus formed is also disclosed . | 7 |
a method and apparatus for optimizing the injecting of no x inhibiting liquid reagent into the flue gas of a utility or industrial type boiler to reduce emissions of no x including a temperature sensor for measuring the boiler flue gas temperature and a moveable conduit for injecting the no x inhibiting reagent into the flue gas at a sensed predetermined temperature range . | 1 |
a novel microfluidic device has been developed to measure stability of thin liquid films of water in oil emulsions using electrochemical perturbation of interfaces . this new device can be utilized in rapid classification of de - emulsifiers used in petroleum industries . although water / crude oil emulsions have been the primary focus of this research , this measurement platform can be used in other industries such as food , cosmetics and bio - engineering as well as environmental remediation of oil spills . the compact design of the device and replacement of the mechanical measurements such as pressure with electrical signal measurements contributes in substantial size reduction of the experimental platform so that it can be employed for onsite measurements in remote areas . | 6 |
a thin film resistor is contained between two metal interconnect layers of an integrated circuit . contact may be made to the resistor through vias from the metal layer above the resistor to both the thin film resistor and the underlying metal layer simultaneously . the resistor may include portions of a hard mask under the vias to protect the resistor material during the via etch . this design provides increased flexibility in fabricating the resistor since processes , materials , and chemicals do not have to satisfy the conditions of both the resistor and the rest of the integrated circuit simultaneously . | 7 |
RR Lyrae are a well-known class of pulsating horizontal branch stars widely used as tracers of old, metal-poor stellar populations. However, mounting observational evidence shows that a significant fraction of these stars may be young and metal-rich. Here, through detailed binary stellar evolution modelling, we show that all such metal-rich RR Lyrae can be naturally produced through binary interactions. Binary companions of these RR Lyrae stars formed through binary interactions partly strip their progenitor's envelopes during a preceding red giant phase. As a result, stripped horizontal branch stars become bluer than their isolated stellar evolution counterparts and thus end up in the instability strip. In contrast, in the single evolution scenario, the stars can attain such colours only at large age and low metallicity. While binary-made RR Lyrae can possess any ages and metallicities, their Galactic population is relatively young (1 - $9\, {\rm Gyr}$) and dominated by the thin disc and the bulge. We show that Galactic RR Lyrae from binary evolution are produced at rates compatible with the observed metal-rich population and have consistent G-band magnitudes, Galactic kinematics, and pulsation properties. Furthermore, these systems dominate the RR Lyrae population in the solar neighbourhood. We predict that all metal-rich RR Lyrae have an A, F, G, or K-type companion with a long orbital period ($P \gtrsim 1000\, {\rm d}$). Observationally characterizing the orbital periods and masses of such stellar companions will provide valuable new constraints on mass and angular momentum-loss efficiency for Sun-like accretors and the nature of RR Lyrae populations. | 9 |
the present invention is directed to novel taxanes useful as chemotherapeutic agents or their precursors . processes for preparing the novel taxanes include coupling reactions , in the presence of a base , of baccatin of formula or ## str1 ## with β - lactams of formula . ## str2 ## the invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions including the novel taxanes and methods for treatment of certain cancers with these new compounds . | 8 |
an ink set for ink - jet recording comprises a first ink which contains glycerol and a first coloring agent , and a second ink which contains a water - soluble organic solvent incompatible with glycerol and a second coloring agent and which does not contain glycerol . the first ink and the second ink are mixed with each other at a low speed . therefore , the inks permeate into the paper before the inks are mixed with each other . thus , it is possible to avoid the color bleeding . | 2 |
transmission electron microscopes are being utilized more often in failure analysis labs as processing nodes decrease and alternative device structures , such as three dimensional , multi - gate transistors , e . g ., finfets , are utilized in ic designs . however , these types of structures may confuse typical tem sample preparation as the resulting lamella may contain multiple potentially faulty structures , making it difficult to identify the actual faulty structure . passive voltage contrast may be used in a dual beam focused ion beam microscope system including a scanning electron microscope column by systematically identifying non - faulty structures and milling them from the lamella until the faulty structure is identified . | 7 |
a stacked unit of disposable gloves each having a glove body formed of front and back layers of plastic sealed around the periphery thereof forming a closed end and an open end and forming a thumb portion and one or more finger portions . a detachable section extends from the back layer adjacent the open end of each glove body and has a line of weakness , such as perforation suitable for separation of the detachable portion from each glove body . the detachable portion also includes means to mount each glove assembly on a glove support rack to form a stacked unit of gloves . the glove support rack having a top surface and front surface and a fastening means extending from the front surface for insertion into the mounting means on the glove assembly . the top glove of the stacked unit can be easily donned while on the glove rack and by applying force to the top glove in the direction of donning the line of weakness separate the glove from the detachable section . | 0 |
an antenna holder for holding an antenna includes signal wiring and ground wiring being disposed on a single circuit board as either one of an external element and an internal element respectively with one end electrically coupled with a circuit on the single circuit board for serving as the external element in a spiral shape and the internal element inside of the external element at a predetermined distance . the antenna holder is provided with a spacer for keeping the predetermined distance between the external and the internal elements as well as an external tilt suppressor for suppressing a tilt of the external element from a direction being orthogonal to the circuit board . | 7 |
a floor care apparatus is provided that utilizes at least one cylindrical pad to remove a floor finish . more specifically , a cylindrical pad having an abrasive surface is integrated onto a cylindrical scrubber brush or associated core or roller commonly used in the art . the main outwardly - facing surface of the pad contacts the floor to remove a predetermined amount of floor finish wherein generated debris is expelled away from the pad . after finish removal , a new layer of finish is applied to the floor . thus , the need to remove all finish layers from a flooring surface is alleviated , which saves time and money . | 0 |
Metallicity distributions (MDs) of globular clusters (GCs) provide crucial clues for the assembly and star formation history of their host galaxies. GC colors, when GCs are old, have been used as a proxy of GC metallicities. Bimodal GC color distributions (CDs) observed in most early-type galaxies have been interpreted as bimodal MDs for decades, suggesting the presence of merely two GC subpopulations within single galaxies. However, the conventional view has been challenged by a new theory that nonlinear metallicity-to-color conversion can cause bimodal CDs from unimodal MDs. The unimodal MDs seem natural given that MDs involved many thousand protogalaxies. The new theory has been tested and corroborated by various observational and theoretical studies. Here we examine the nonlinear nature of GC color-metallicity relations (CMRs) using photometric and spectroscopic GC data of NGC 5128 (Centaurus A) and NGC 4594 (Sombrero), in comparison with stellar population simulations. We find that, with a slight offset in color, the overall shapes of observed and modeled CMRs agree well for all available colors. Diverse color-depending morphologies of GC CDs of the two galaxies are well reproduced based on their observed spectroscopic MDs via our CMR models. The results corroborate the nonlinear CMR interpretation of the GC color bimodality, shedding further light on theories of galaxy formation. | 9 |
an electrical cable management device for use in mining and other applications where there are size restrictions on equipment . the device is a round stationary drum , around which travels a carriage for winding , unwinding and storing hot electrical cable . the device is mounted on skids and is portable and can be located away from the mining activity while still being able to manage and control the winding and unwinding of electrical cable in response to movement of the mining equipment . the device does not require electrical split ring connectors , rotating collector rings , brushes or the like , but provides a continuous cable from a power source to the moveable mining equipment . the orbiting carriage is driven by an electric motor for winding cable and automatically becomes free wheeling when cable is unwound from the drum . | 8 |
a bullpup assembly for converting an ar - 15 type firearm having an ar - 15 stock in unmodified assembly into a bullpup configuration . the bullpup assembly includes a frame body coupleable with the body of the firearm , the frame comprising a bullpup trigger , and the frame being configured to replace the ar - 15 stock , and a trigger link coupled with the bullpup trigger and coupleable with a firearm trigger of the firearm , wherein actuation of the bullpup trigger actuates the firearm trigger via the trigger link . | 5 |
One of the most compelling tasks of modern cosmology is to constrain the expansion history of the Universe, since this measurement can give insights on the nature of dark energy and help to estimate cosmological parameters. In this letter are presented two new measurements of the Hubble parameter H(z) obtained with the cosmic chronometer method up to z ∼ 2. Taking advantage of near-infrared spectroscopy of the few very massive and passive galaxies observed at z > 1.4 available in literature, the differential evolution of this population is estimated and calibrated with different stellar population synthesis models to constrain H(z), including in the final error budget all possible sources of systematic uncertainties (star formation history, stellar metallicity, model dependences). This analysis is able to extend significantly the redshift range coverage with respect to present-day constraints, crossing for the first time the limit at z ∼ 1.75. The new H(z) data are used to estimate the gain in accuracy on cosmological parameters with respect to previous measurements in two cosmological models, finding a small but detectable improvement (∼5 per cent) in particular on Ω<SUB>M</SUB> and w<SUB>0</SUB>. Finally, a simulation of a Euclid-like survey has been performed to forecast the expected improvement with future data. The provided constraints have been obtained just with the cosmic chronometers approach, without any additional data, and the results show the high potentiality of this method to constrain the expansion history of the Universe at these redshifts. | 9 |
a complementary regenerative torque system exists for a vehicle including an engine having an accelerator pedal position sensor ; a transmission unit ; and a drive shaft for driving a pair of wheels for propelling the vehicle . the regenerative torque system selectively stores and supplies energy to the drive train to provide on demand complementary torque thereto . the regenerative torque system may be either hydraulic or electric in nature and may be disposed upstream or downstream of the transmission relative to the engine . a regenerative torque control module is disposed between the accelerator pedal position sensor and the engine control module and intercepts the accelerator pedal position signal and modifies it in response to the mode of operation of the regenerative torque system and forwards the modified throttle signal to the engine control module . likewise , the regenerative torque control module intercepts signals from the engine control module and modifies the same prior to broadcasting them to the rest of the vehicle &# 39 ; s control modules . | 1 |
a covering for a prosthetic leg . the prosthetic leg is nominally adjusted for optimal performance while the user is wearing shoes . the covering is configured to cosmetically resemble skin , and to shield some or all of the prosthetic leg mechanical components from outside view , thus making the prosthetic leg resemble a natural leg . the covering is designed to enable a prosthetic leg wearer to walk without shoes in a manner that makes it look as if the wearer is walking barefoot . to avoid prosthetic leg misadjustment problems such as hyperextended knee or prosthetic posterior lean , the covering is further configured with one or more internal inserts designed to adjust the height of the prosthetic foot to compensate for the missing elevation caused by the missing shoe . the device may be further configured with one or more fasteners to facilitate rapid application and removal . | 0 |
the present invention is comprised of an antibacterial dental floss device to provide the user with enhanced dental hygiene care . the present invention is further comprised of processors and modules to fray dental floss to provide more thorough cleaning with bristled floss coated with oral antibacterial compounds to increase prevention of dental and oral infections and disease . the present invention provides an ultraviolet light to further treat dental and oral bacterial presence . the present invention provides the user with a compact portable dental hygiene device . | 0 |
the disclosure describes an optical fiber pressure sensor to measure sphincter pressure which may be incorporated into a therapeutic sphincter control system . the system senses sphincter pressure and sends the information to a stimulator that is capable of stimulation therapy to control sphincter contractility , thus reducing unwanted urinary incontinence . measuring sphincter pressure is accomplished through the use of an optical fiber connected to flexible tube section placed through the sphincter , where properties of the emitted light are changed proportional to the pressure on the tube section . the light is returned to a light detector to measure light properties and create an electrical signal representative of the pressure on the tube section . the signal may then be sent by wireless telemetry to an implanted stimulator or external programmer . | 0 |
a computer - implemented method and apparatus includes displaying a plurality of network devices on a display screen , and enabling selection of one of the network devices for configuration . a configuration script for the selected one of the network devices is identified from a plurality of configuration scripts , where each of the configuration scripts is associated with a particular one of the network devices . the identified configuration script is executed to obtain configuration information , identify connection rules associated with the identified configuration script , and produce a configuration file for configuring the network device based on the connection rules and the configuration information . | 7 |
Version of this repository used in the published paper. | 9 |
this invention relates to a method for treating persistent pain disorders by inhibiting the biochemical mediators of inflammation in a subject comprising administering to said subject a therapeutically effective dosage of said inhibitor . said process for treating persistent pain disorders is based on sota omoigui &# 39 ; s law , which states : the origin of all pain is inflammation and the inflammatory response . biochemical mediators of inflammation that are targeted for inhibition include but are not limited to : prostaglandin , nitric oxide , tumor necrosis factor alpha , interleukin 1 - alpha , interleukin 1 - beta , interleukin - 4 , interleukin - 6 and interleukin - 8 , histamine and serotonin , substance p , matrix metallo - proteinase , calcitonin gene - related peptide , vasoactive intestinal peptide as well as the potent inflammatory mediator peptide proteins neurokinin a , bradykinin , kallidin and t - kinin . | 0 |
a translating software emulator designed for converting code from a legacy system to a target system and fully preserving the synchronous exception state while still allowing for full and aggressive optimization in the translation . a user application is translated to a target system using full optimization techniques . the translation may be done dynamically by an emulator emulating the legacy system on the target system , or the translation may be a static translation or a compilation , fully generating a new executable program operable on the target system . the invention recovers from the exception properly by restoring the target machine state to the machine state expected by the legacy system . this recovery is done by using an exception delivery mechanism to restore the machine state of the target system before executing the exception handling code . the restoration of the machine state is done by executing a recovery block generated by the translation that modifies the machine state to match the legacy machine state . | 6 |
the pump and pump system of the present invention is designed to remove liquids , gas , sand and coal fines from gas and / or oil well bores . there is a need in the oil and gas industry to develop a more efficient operating pump that is capable of operating in wells that do not have enough bottom hole pressure to lift liquids to the surface causing the well to log off with fluids and if not economic , potentially be plugged prematurely . additionally , this design will allow the producer the ability to conduct well bore maintenance such as acid flushes for perforation cleaning and scale batch treating for continued scale treatment . | 5 |
a compound containing cyclic amidine groups and uretdione groups , having the formula : ## str1 ## wherein x is o or nr 2 , r is the hydrocarbon radical of isophorone diisocyanate : ## str2 ## r 1 is a substituted alkylene radical which is substituted with o - 3 ch 3 groups and has 2 - 14 carbon atoms @ r 2 and r 3 are identical or different alkyl radicals having 1 - 10 carbon atoms or are phenyl radicals , n is 0 - 5 , and b is 0 - 1 nco group and / or 1 - 0 imidazoline - blocked nco group of the formula : ## str3 ## | 2 |
a heated reaction gas comprising methane is contacted with first and second catalysts to catalyze production of an aromatic hydrocarbon . the first catalyst is more active than the second catalyst for catalyzing aromatization of methane , and the second catalyst is more active than the first catalyst for catalyzing aromatization of ethane . a reactor for producing aromatic hydrocarbons from the reaction gas may have a conduit defining a reaction zone for the reaction gas to react therein , and the first and second catalysts may be disposed in the reaction zone . | 8 |
the present invention discloses a photonic crystal memory type all - optical “ aor ” logic gate , and including photonic crystal structure ; the photonic crystal structure includes two input ports , an output port and an idle port ; a first input end and a second input end of the photonic crystal structure are respectively connected with a signal a and a signal b . the present invention has the advantages in high contrast of high and low logic output , high in computing speed , strong in anti - interference capability , and ease of integration with other optical logic elements . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a memory device having reduced access time of memory cells in a test mode . the memory device forms , in the test mode , read data d r by applying ex - or processing to a plurality of data read from a memory cell array 11 by a data processing circuit 5 , to provide the formed data to the outside through a data output circuit 6 . the timing of the output of data to the outside is delayed , by delay circuit 12 in the test mode , than that in the normal operation by a time period corresponding to time required for the ex - or processing in data processing circuit 5 . consequently , output of invalid data to the outside can be prevented , and thus access time of valid data can be reduced . | 6 |
the action pattern of the amount of web feeding by the lug folding flaps is made optimal in accordance with deviations of detection marks , such as specified printing patterns on the printing surface on web w , from the reference values when they are detected , and the pressing force applied onto web w by dancer roller 9 is stepwise or continuously adjusted according to the detection of the patterns . therefore , in comparison with the conventional examples , it is possible to widen the corrective range for the amount of web feeding . thus , the tolerance for printing errors on web w can be increased , and it is possible to operate the equipment without stopping . furthermore , it is possible to produce packaging containers with printing patterns applied at appointed positions , and faulty products are eliminated . | 1 |
an infant warmer has a bed assembly for supporting a baby born prematurely and a heat source with controls capable of maintaining the infant &# 39 ; s body temperature within a desired range . the bed assembly is suitably supported to hold the infant at a convenient elevation . a light shield rests on the bed assembly and is adapted to block light from directly entering the eyes of the infant . | 0 |
this invention provides an electronic maze game apparatus . the basic invention comprises a display board , optical discrete display elements forming a grid on the display board , and electronic control for the selective display of the optical display elements so that a maze pattern is displayed and made visible on the display board . the maze pattern may be solved by the user directing a position marker through the maze , through control panel inputs . information defining a multiplicity of maze patterns may be stored in a memory , and any of these patterns may be displayed , as directed by the user . | 0 |
a self - energizing , positive engagement safety mechanism for long stroke , well pumping units , whether powered mechanically or hydraulically , and which employ a lift belt and counterweight . upon failure of the sucker rod , polish rod or lift belt , a latching mechanism is actuated to engage a rack on both sides of the counterweight thereby to arrest and lock the counterweight against free fall . actuation of the latching means is controlled by sensing belt tension below the counterweight thereby to enhance the sensitivity and reliability of the safety mechanism . | 5 |
We study the morphologies and structures of 57 dwarf galaxies that are representative of the general population of dwarf galaxies and compare their demographics to a sample of dwarf galaxies hosting optically selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The two samples span the same galaxy stellar mass (10<SUP>9</SUP> ≲ M <SUB>⋆</SUB>/M <SUB>⊙</SUB> ≲ 10<SUP>9.5</SUP>) and color range, and the observations are well-matched in physical resolution. The fractions of irregular galaxies (14%) and early types/ellipticals (~18%) are nearly identical among the two samples. However, among galaxies with disks (the majority of each sample), the AGN hosts almost always have a detectable (pseudo)bulge, while a large fraction of the non-AGN hosts are pure disk galaxies with no detectable (pseudo)bulge. Central point sources of light consistent with nuclear star clusters are detected in many of the non-AGN hosts. In contrast, central point sources detected in the AGN hosts are, on average, more than 2 orders of magnitude more luminous, suggesting the point sources in these objects are dominated by AGN light. The preference for (pseudo)bulges in dwarf AGN hosts may inform searches for massive black holes in dwarf galaxies and attempts to constrain the black hole occupation fraction, which, in turn, has implications for our understanding of black hole seeding mechanisms. | 9 |
Code associated with 'Neural structure of a sensory decoder for motor control.' Egger SW and Lisberger SG. Nature Communications (2022) | 9 |
the purpose of this invention is to provide compositions useful for promoting the growth of calcareous organisms present in a closed system aquatic habitat . particularly , to composition capable of efficiently delivering calcium and carbonate to the calcareous organisms . most particularly , to a composition effective for enhanced delivery of aragonite to a closed system aquatic habitat where it dissociates into bioavailable supplements , such as , calcium , strontium , magnesium , and carbonate ions , whereby enhanced growth of the calcareous organisms is achieved . | 8 |
in a device for examining a specimen with an electron beam , in particular an sem , tem , or csem , contamination products are often result from the irradiation . to reduce these contamination products , the surface of the object irradiated with the electron beam is simultaneously illuminated with light , in particular with uv light . | 7 |
surgical instruments and procedures are disclosed that enable the injection of an optimal amount of curable resin and / or the placement of an internal fixation device in an intramedullary canal of a fractured bone . the disclosed instruments and procedures enable a surgeon to clear a portion of the canal of cancellous bone and marrow across the fracture site without damaging the cortical wall . | 0 |
In the past few years, the Philippines has been gradually developing its research and educational capabilities in astronomy and astrophysics. In terms of astronomy development, it is still lagging behind several neighboring Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia, while it is advanced with respect to several others. One of the main issues hampering progress is the scarcity of trained professional Filipino astronomers, as well as long-term visions for astronomy development. Here, we will be presenting an overview of astronomy education and research in the country. We will discuss the history and current status of astronomy in the Philippines, including all levels of education, outreach and awareness activities, as well as potential areas for research and collaborations. We also discuss issues that need to be addressed to ensure sustainable astronomy development in the Philippines. Finally, we discuss several ongoing and future programs aimed at promoting astronomy research and education. In essence, the work is a precursor of a possible white paper which we envision to submit to the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) in the near future, with which we aim to further convince the authorities of the importance of astrophysics. With the support of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), this may eventually lead to the creation of a separate astronomy agency in the Philippines. | 9 |
an apparatus and method for detecting a defective array of nvram cells . a counter is provided which times an erase time interval for the nvram cells during a regular erase function . the computed erase interval is compared with a maximum erase interval to determine at least a first characteristic which indicates the block of nvrams is at the end of its useful life . a second characteristic is determined by computing the slope in the erase time function versus the number of simulated erase functions . when the slope of the erase function exceeds a maximum slope , the nvram array is determined to be at the end of its useful life . | 6 |
a process is provided for the incorporation of fibrous material into a polymer wherein the fibrous material as a dispersion in water is added to a solution of the polymer which is being subjected to agitation , whereby the fibrous material transfers from the aqueous phase to the polymer solution , and the polymer - fibrous material mixture is recovered . | 2 |
a method and system to provide gsm subscribers roaming into cdma or tdma networks , and cdma or tdma subscribers roaming into gsm networks , with basic call delivery wireless services as long as the roamers can pay the bill with their valid credit card , and to do so independently of and as a bypass of gsm memorandum of understandings for cellular / pcs services . this is achieved by integrating the proper pieces of wireless and wireline networks and secure communications , using ip networks and protocols as an alternative to the existing telephony - based approach . | 7 |
apparatus using leakage current through a sample to determine resistivity . an optically active material of the type which changes the polarization of a light beam passing therethrough , responsive to an electric field , is placed between a first pair of conducting plates . the sample is placed between a second pair of conducting plates which are in parallel connection with the first pair of plates . a light source transmits light through the material and a light detector detects changes in polarization of the light which emerges from the material . each pair of plates is charged and the rate of discharge of the plates is monitored by the light detector . | 6 |
a butterfly valve having a split sealing ring in a groove in the interior of the passageway therethrough , the sealing ring having mating ends of a tongue and groove construction or the like . | 5 |
This code performs an ensemble-based data assimilation for volcanic ash dispersion, combining the Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF) method (Ott et al., 2004; Hunt et al., 2007) and the FALL3D ash dispersal model (Costa et al., 2006; Folch et al., 2009), named ETKF-FALL3D. This system produces a joint estimation of 3-D ash concentration and critical Eruptive Source Parameters (ESPs) that can improve the performance of the classical ash dispersion forecast strategies. This version of the code considers two uncertain ESPs, the column height and the Suzuki-A shape parameter, based on previous studies that shown that their uncertainty impact the most on the results. This version of the code has been designed to run with an Observation System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) where total ash mass load observations were simulated from a free model run. The data of the free model run and the generated observations are included. In the included free model run, the ESPs change with time. The provided scripts perform a 10 day data assimilation experiment which uses the simulated observations every 6 hours over a domain which is centered at Cordon Caulle volcano. The ETKF- FALL3D code is written in python and can be used with Python 2.7 or Python 3. FALL3D model is available through an open license (http://datasim.ov.ingv.it/models/fall3d.html), is written in FORTRAN-90 and is available for Unix/Linux/Mac X Operating Systems (OS). | 9 |
this invention relates to a high - strength herbicidal formulation containing high concentrations of fluroxypyr ester in an n , n - dimethyl alkylamide solvent which exhibits significantly greater low temperature stability at high concentrations . | 0 |
a multi - mode asset tracking and monitoring system and method is provided that enables comprehensive reporting of asset position , status , and alerts . in one embodiment , the multi - mode system and method is based on the addition of a local network monitoring system to a wide area satellite network monitoring system . in this example , the local network monitoring system would add container presence and status monitoring in crowded environments , while the wide area satellite network monitoring system would provide tracking and monitoring coverage when the container is in dispersed environments . both the local and wide area monitoring systems work together to provide end - to - end container tracking and monitoring to thereby ensure continuous container tracking and monitoring from container loading to container unloading . | 6 |
briefly , in accordance with one embodiment of the invention , bit and power loading may be utilized to select a modulation rate and subcarrier power scaling based on channel state information . as a result , a higher data rate may be utilized for a given signal - to - noise ratio while maintaining a constant bit error rate . | 7 |
a system and method for resolving a service request is described . the method including receiving a service request including information describing select attributes of the current condition of a software application initiated by a user , and sending a service request response describing at least one reason for the current condition of the software application . | 6 |
authentication methods are provided that allow for superior security , power consumption , and resource utilization over existing authentication methods . by computing only two hashes of a shared secret password for each protocol run , the methods described in this disclosure dramatically reduce the computational power needed to perform authentication . similarly , by exchanging these hashes bitwise or piecewise for verification , rather than performing new hashes including each bit of the password separately , the methods described in this disclosure reveal less information about the password being authenticated than existing methods . the methods described in this disclosure also allow for authentication using fewer messages and with lower latency , reducing the amount of operational power used in the authentication process . | 7 |
a semiconductor substrate inspection method includes : generating a charged particle beam , and irradiating the charged particle beam to a semiconductor substrate in which contact wiring lines are formed on a surface thereof , the contact wiring lines of the semiconductor substrate being designed to alternately repeat in a plane view so that one of the adjacent contact wiring lines is grounded to the semiconductor substrate and the other of the adjacent contact wiring lines is insulated from the semiconductor substrate ; detecting at least one of a secondary charged particle , a reflected charged particle and a back scattering charged particle generated from the surface of the semiconductor substrate to acquire a signal ; generating an inspection image with the signal , the inspection image showing a state of the surface of the semiconductor substrate ; and judging whether the semiconductor substrate is good or bad from a difference of brightness in the inspection image obtained from the surfaces of the adjacent contact wiring lines . | 7 |
the invention provides methodologies and apparatus for producing devitalized soft - tissue implants where the implant retains metabolically non - viable and / or reproductively non - viable cells , and preferably retains large molecular weight cytoplasmic proteins , such implants produced both in small quantities and in commercializable quantities . such soft - tissue implants include vascular graft substitutes . a devitalized graft is produced by subjecting the tissue sample to an induced pressure mediated flow of an extracting solution , optionally followed by inducing a pressure mediated flow of a salt solution , then washing the tissue to produce the devitalized graft . the devitalized grafts produced are uniform and non - immunogenic . the inventive method allows for the production of multiple devitalized soft tissue implants , where processing time is significantly less than prior art processes and the number of implants produced per day is increased over prior art processes . in clinical use , the devitalized grafts produced exhibit significantly improved in long - term durability and function , and enhanced recellularization post - implantation . | 0 |
The availability of simultaneous X-ray and very high energy (VHE) observations of blazars helps to identify the plausible radiative contributors to the VHE emission. Under leptonic scenario, the VHE emission from BL Lacs are attributed to the synchrotron self Compton (SSC) emission. However, many BL Lacerate (BL Lacs) have shown significant hardening at VHE after correction for the extragalactic background light (EBL) attenuation. We study the spectral hardening of two nearby BL Lac objects, Mkn 421 and Mkn 501 having most number of simultaneous X-ray and VHE observations available among all the blazars. These BL Lacs are relatively close and the effect of EBL attenuation is relatively minimal/negligible. We study the scatter plot between the X-ray spectral indices and intrinsic VHE indices to identify the plausible origin of the VHE emission. For Mkn 501, the VHE spectral indices are steeper than X-ray spectra, suggesting the scattering process happening at extreme Klein-Nishina regime. On the other hand, for Mkn 421, the VHE spectra is remarkably harder than the X-ray spectra, which suggests an additional emission mechanism other than the SSC process. We show this hard VHE spectrum of Mkn 421 can be explained by considering the inverse Compton (IC) emission from a broken power-law electron distribution with Maxwellian pileup. The possibility of the hadronic contribution at VHE γ-rays is also explored by modelling the hard spectrum under the photomeson process. | 9 |
in an arrangement for producing a branch in a telecommunications cable containing several stranded elements with optical fibers , at least one stranded element is cut , the optical fibers of the stranded element are spliced to the optical fibers of a branch line , and the branched area is protected with a sleeve . the branch line comprises a number of optical fibers , each of which is loosely arranged by itself in a small plastic tube . a predetermined length of the tube is removed from approximately the middle of the optical fiber elements , and each optical fiber from which the tube has been removed is stored in a cassette . the cassettes are stored in a container . the sleeve housing is stored in a container . the sleeve housing with the cassettes and the branch line with the optical fibers located in the tube are a unit which is prefabricated at the factory . | 7 |
Version 2.0 corresponds to the repository associated with the accompanying accepted manuscript, Mohajerani et al. (2021) Automated Dynamic Mascon Generation for GRACE and GRACE-FO Harmonic Processing. This includes pole rotation options, improved visualization, and other improvements. | 9 |
a computer includes a processor for processing data , and memory modules for storing the data . each memory module includes a read - write memory and a configuration memory . the configuration memory contains memory module characteristic information , is adapted for storing a sequence of binary data values , accessing the stored binary data only in sequential order , and only at the first data value or the next data value , and has a next signal pin . the configuration memory is adapted for receiving at the next signal pin , and responding to , a cas signal used by standard drams . in other features of the invention , the memory module characteristic information includes an identification code for the manufacturer of the memory module , a part number for the memory module , the depth of the memory , access times to read full and page , and delay times to read and write full and page . | 6 |
a fuel cell system or hvdc power source includes a fuel cell or dc power source having a high voltage direct current bus including y - capacitors , which connect the hvdc bus terminals to chassis or safety ground , and a fault current discharge compensation circuit interconnected with the hvdc bus . a monitoring circuit monitors a fault discharge current of the y - cap circuit and generates a fault signal when the fault current occurs based on a rate of change of a voltage of the y - cap circuit . a switching circuit redirects the majority of the fault discharge current . | 7 |
a rotor is fixed to a steering shaft to rotate with the steering shaft , and outer and inner slits are formed along different circles on the rotor . outer and inner sensors , which detect the presence or absence of the slits , generate reflective codes and are located next to the rotor . stored pattern data that matches the reflective code is used to determine the rotational angle . alternatively , if the pattern data does not match the reflective codes , the rotational angle of the steering shaft is computed on the basis of the reflective codes . | 6 |
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