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We identify and investigate a possible correlation between the $\rm {[C\,II]} \,158{-}{\mu }m$ luminosity and linewidth in the $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies. Observationally, the strength of the $\rm {[C\,II]}\, 158{-}{\mu }m$ emission line is usually stronger than that of the carbon monoxide (CO) emission line and this $\rm {[C\,II]}$ line has been used as another tracer of the galactic characteristics. Moreover, many $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies are identified in z > 4. Motivated by previous studies of the CO luminosity-full width at half-maximum correlation relation (LFR) and the available new $\rm {[C\,II]}$ measurements, we compile samples of the $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies in the literature and perform the linear regression analysis. The $\rm {[C\,II]}$ LFR is confirmed at a robust level. We also demonstrate the possible application of the $\rm {[C\,II]}$ LFR by utilizing it on the distance measurement of the high-z galaxy. As a result, we extend the cosmic spatial scale beyond the redshift z of 7. With the outcome of the distance measurement, we constrain the cosmology parameters in the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder model, which considers the evolution of dark energy. Consequently, the uncertainties of the w<SUB>0</SUB> and w<SUB>a</SUB> are reduced significantly when the measured distance data of the $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies are included in the cosmological parameter constraint, exemplifying the potential of using the $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies as a tracer to constrain the cosmological parameters. | 9 |
a method of preparing genipin - rich materials from the fruit of genipa americana fruit for their use as a cross - linking agent and as a raw material to produce colors is disclosed . the genipin - rich materials can be used in a broad range of applications including personal care , cosmetics , dietary supplements , packaging , textiles , beverages , foodstuffs , drugs , and animal feeds . | 0 |
the prepay telecommunications system includes a prepay call management platform which is directly coupled to a telecommunications carrier switch . a customer database is coupled to the prepay call management platform for storing prepay customer data , and a plurality of customer interface facilities are provided for accepting customer prepayment and immediately updating the customer database . the prepay calls are recognized by the mobile identification number and is routed to the prepay call management platform coupled to and co - located with the telecommunications carrier switch . the customer account balance associated with the prepay call is looked up in a customer database , and the maximum allowable call duration in response to the customer account balance is computed . the prepay call is then released to the telecommunications carrier switch for line termination . at the same time , a call duration timer is started . the call is disconnected in response to the call duration timer reaching the maximum allowable call duration . the prepay telecommunications system is applicable to both wireless and non - wireless telecommunications systems . | 7 |
the tank is made up of a plurality of elementary tanks such as tubes connected in parallel to at least one manifold device , and it includes closure valves enabling any one of the elementary tanks to be isolated in response to a drop in the pressure contained therein . | 5 |
disclosed is a method and a computer circuit design for a dynamic clock ratio detector . the detector is used to determine the ratio between two clock domains . the detector has a driver 101 and a receiver , which reside in different clock domains . the driver 101 constantly produces a ratio clock pulse to the receiver . the ratio - counter in the receiver counts the pulse width based on its local clock cycles . the clock ratio detector has many features , including absorbing the meta - stability effect when the pulse crosses an asynchronous interface . the clock ratio detector prevents output counts oscillation , provides an adjustable ratio - detecting coverage range , a programmable system - parameter generator 104 , and a programmable error reporter 105 . | 6 |
the disclosed embodiments relate to a power - supply circuit , an electronic device that includes the power - supply circuit , and a method for generating high - voltage dc power from ac line power using the power - supply circuit . this power - supply circuit includes a voltage multiplier and a low dropout regulator , and does not include a step - up transformer . conventional power supplies often use a custom step - up transformer , which is expensive unless the power supplies are manufactured in high quantities . in contrast , one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solid - state implementation of a 700 v regulated power supply that can take up to a 1020 v input from an 6 × voltage multiplier powered from the ac mains . hence , the disclosed power - supply circuit eliminates the need for large , heavy and expensive step - up transformers and chokes that are used in conventional high - voltage dc power supplies . | 7 |
a traveling wave ultrasonic motor includes a ring - shaped stator and two groups of electromechanical transducers . each group comprises a pair of diametrically opposed longitudinal transducers , polarized in opposite directions , disposed perpendicularly to the stator . the transducers are in permanent contact with the stator and excited by an alternating current with a π / 2 phase shift between the groups so as to produce a traveling wave - like deformation on the surface of the stator . the motor comprises at least one rotor held elastically in contact with the stator for the rotational driving thereof by the traveling wave produced on the stator . the stator is in contact with the rotor only via two or four equal and diametrically opposed segments whose aggregate span is at most equal to a wavelength of the traveling wave produced in the stator . | 7 |
the embodiments set forth herein provide biocompatible self - setting compositions suitable for use in tissue augmentation applications . the biocompatible self - setting compositions described herein exhibit advantageous theological properties and may be applied to a site in the body of a patient by injecting the composition through a 20 - 30 gauge needle . once applied to a site in the body , the composition sets to a slow resorbing or substantially non - resorbing matrix . advantageously , exposure of the composition material to body heat at its site of use enhances setting of the composition . composition materials prepared in accordance with the present disclosure may find use in applications involving , for example , soft tissue augmentation such as for dermal fold augmentation , prevention of adhesions , soft tissue void filling , soft tissue bleb creation , urethral sphincter augmentation for treatment of urinary incontinence , treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis , and lower esophageal sphincter augmentation for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease . in some embodiments , the presently described biocompatible compositions may serve as bone void fillers . | 0 |
Context. The chemical inventory of hot Jupiter (HJ) exoplanet atmospheres continues to be observed by various ground- and space-based instruments in increasing detail and precision. It is expected for some HJs to exhibit strong non-equilibrium chemistry characteristics in their atmospheres, which might be inferred from spectral observations. <BR /> Aims: We aim to model the 3D thermochemical non-equilibrium chemistry in the atmospheres of the HJs WASP-39b and HD 189733b. <BR /> Methods: We coupled a lightweight, reduced chemical network `mini-chem' that utilises net reaction rate tables to the Exo-FMS general circulation model (GCM). We performed GCM models of the exoplanets WASP-39b and HD 189733b as case studies of the coupled mini-chem scheme. The GCM results were then post-processed using the 3D radiative-transfer model gCMCRT to produce transmission and emission spectra to assess the impact of non-equilibrium chemistry on their observable properties. <BR /> Results: Both simulations show significant departures from chemical equilibrium (CE) due to the dynamical motions of the atmosphere. The spacial distribution of species generally closely follows the dynamical features of the atmosphere rather than the temperature field. Each molecular species exhibits a different quench level in the simulations, which is also dependent on the latitude of the planet. Major differences are seen in the transmission and emission spectral features between the CE and kinetic models. <BR /> Conclusions: Our simulations indicate that considering the 3D kinetic chemical structures of HJ atmospheres has an important impact on the physical interpretation of observational data. Drawing bulk atmospheric parameters from fitting feature strengths may lead to an inaccurate interpretation of chemical conditions in the atmosphere of HJs. Our open source mini-chem module is simple to couple with contemporary HJ GCM models without substantially increasing required computational resources. | 9 |
an electric vacuum cleaner includes a first dust separation device configured to separate sucked dust , a first dust collection section for collecting the separated dust , a second dust separation device configured to separate the dust , a dust removing device configured to remove the dust adhering to the second dust separation device , a second dust collection section for accumulating the removed dust , a partition wall for zoning the first dust collection section and the second dust collection section and an introduction opening for introducing the removed dust into the second dust collection section ; the partition wall includes a communication opening for communicating the first dust collection section to the second dust collection section and an opening and closing member for closing either of the introduction opening or the communication opening and switching the closing to the other by rotating , and the opening and closing member closes the introduction opening with a negative pressure by an electric fan and closes the communication opening by its own weight when the electric fan is not driven . | 0 |
a proxy cache maintains a copy of multiple resources from various servers in a network . when the proxy cache must generate a validation request for at least one resource at one of the servers , the proxy cache piggybacks one or more additional cache validation requests related to documents presently stored in the cache but originating from or associated with the server in question . upon receipt of an indication of the freshness or validity of the cached copy of the document , the proxy cache can then make a determination as to whether to request an update of the document . | 6 |
We present a new method to identify and characterize the structure of the intracluster medium (ICM) in simulated galaxy clusters. The method uses the median of gas properties, such as density and pressure, which we show to be very robust to the presence of gas inhomogeneities. In particular, we show that the radial profiles of median gas properties in cosmological simulations of clusters are smooth and do not exhibit fluctuations at locations of massive clumps in contrast to mean and mode properties. Analysis of simulations shows that distribution of gas properties in a given radial shell can be well described by a log-normal probability density function and a tail. The former corresponds to a nearly hydrostatic bulk component, accounting for ∼99 per cent of the volume, while the tail corresponds to high-density inhomogeneities. The clumps can thus be easily identified with the volume elements corresponding to the tail of the distribution. We show that this results in a simple and robust separation of the diffuse and clumpy components of the ICM. The full width at half-maximum of the density distribution in simulated clusters is a growing function of radius and varies from ∼0.15 dex in cluster centre to ∼0.5 dex at 2 r<SUB>500</SUB> in relaxed clusters. The small scatter in the width between relaxed clusters suggests that the degree of inhomogeneity is a robust characteristic of the ICM. It broadly agrees with the amplitude of density perturbations found in the Coma cluster core. We discuss the origin of ICM density variations in spherical shells and show that less than 20 per cent of the width can be attributed to the triaxiality of the cluster gravitational potential. As a link to X-ray observations of real clusters we evaluated the ICM clumping factor, weighted with the temperature-dependent X-ray emissivity, with and without high-density inhomogeneities. We argue that these two cases represent upper and lower limits on the departure of the observed X-ray emissivity from the median value. We find that the typical value of the clumping factor in the bulk component of relaxed clusters varies from ∼1.1-1.2 at r<SUB>500</SUB> up to ∼1.3-1.4 at r<SUB>200</SUB>, in broad agreement with recent observations. | 9 |
an assembly kit is provided for supplying a fixing agent to fix two objects . the kit comprises two storage receptacles . an aerobic adhesive is stored in one of the two storage receptacles . a hydrophilic material containing moisture is separately stored in the other of the two storage receptacles . the two storage receptacles are adapted to permit removal of the aerobic adhesive and the hydrophilic material from the receptacles for mixing together the fixing agent . | 8 |
the present application relates to a new method for treating fruits or vegetables comprising the use of hot phosphorous acid as well as pa - based combinations and corresponding kits . | 0 |
a method for controlling a cooling system configured to cool a compartment is provided . the method includes receiving a temperature of the compartment from a temperature sensor , adjusting the received temperature to obtain a corrected temperature , and controlling the cooling system based on the corrected temperature | 5 |
Cosmic event horizons separate spacetime into disjoint regions: those regions whose light signals can reach us, and more distant regions we cannot, even in principle, observe. For one type of cosmic horizon, associated with universes that keep expanding forever, there is a simple intuitive picture of where the cosmic horizon is located, in terms of the relative speed between a distant galaxy and our own approaching the speed of light: Where the light-speed limit is reached, light signals from that distant galaxy will not be able to catch up with our own galaxy; that galaxy and more distant galaxies are behind the cosmic horizon. Applied to the usual recession speeds of galaxies, that simple picture turns out to be wrong. But there is another relevant concept of speed, derived from the relativistic relative velocity of galaxies, which in turn is defined via the parallel transport of four-velocities. This article shows how, using this concept of relative velocity, key elements of the intuitive picture are valid, and can be used in a simplified explanation for cosmic horizons. When phrased as a statement about relative radial velocities, the notion of light not being able to catch up with our own galaxy is consistent with the calculations, and the cosmic event horizon is indeed the limit where the relative radial velocity of distant Hubble-flow galaxies reaches the speed of light. While the derivation itself requires advanced concepts of general relativity, we also discuss consequences of this result for teaching about cosmic event horizons in less advanced settings, where students are not introduced to the full formalism of general relativity. | 9 |
in a transaction processing system including a plurality of pos terminal devices , a pos terminal group management device and a sales management device , only necessary totalized data are transmitted from the pos terminal devices to the sales management device through the pos terminal group management device in accordance with totalization pattern information respectively associated with each individual pos terminal device , which information is pre - stored in the group management device , thus increasing efficiency and speed of sales information processing . | 6 |
a slurry dividing apparatus is configured to divide a main slurry stream into smaller constituent slurry streams , wherein each stream contains a desired proportion of suspended solids . the dividing apparatus includes a main flow channel and a plurality of branch flow channels extending upward from a flow divider that terminates an upper end of the main flow channel . the main slurry stream enters the main flow channel , at an inlet opening thereof , and is decelerated , by an upward extension and expanding cross - section of the main flow channel , before reaching the flow divider and being divided into the smaller constituent slurry streams flowing within the plurality of branch flow channels . each of the smaller streams flows up and then over a weir , which extends across an upper portion of each of the branch flow channels , and then down into a corresponding discharge flow channel of the apparatus . | 1 |
the present invention improves on the topology of a conventional current source by interposing an rc circuit and additional mos between the output of a buffer and the output of the current source . the topology of the present invention advantageously provides a clean current output by shunting noise to ground . | 6 |
oven for non - metal melting , in particular silicon melting , with a housing enclosing an interior , at least one mould arranged in the interior for receiving a non - metal melt , at least one electrical heating device enclosing , at least partially , the at least one mould for influencing the temperature of the non - metal melt , and a power supply device connected in an electrically conductive manner to the at least one heating device for providing the heating device with a time - variable current i , wherein the current i has a frequency of 0 . 1 hz to 1000 hz and the current i is of a magnitude sufficient for setting a predetermined temperature of the non - metal melt , the currents in the plurality , where necessary , of heaters having a defined phase position in respect of one another . | 8 |
thiol - containing peptides can be radiolabeled with fluorine - 18 by reacting a peptide comprising a free thiol group with an 18 f - bound labelling reagent which also has a group that is reactive with thiols . the resulting 18 f - labeled peptides may be targeted to a tissue of interest using bispecific antibodies or bispecific antibody fragments having one arm specific for the 18 f - labeled peptide or a low molecular weight hapten conjugated to the 18 f - labeled peptide , and another arm specific to the targeted tissue . the targeted tissue is subsequently visualized by clinical positron emission tomography . | 0 |
a wire frame for supporting a living plant wreath is made of three pairs of concentric wire rings , each pair with an inner and outer ring , the three pairs stacked in three parallel planes and interconnected by welded wire ribs to make up a structurally rigid unitary toroidal wire frame . optionally a number of candle holders made of coiled wire are welded spaced circumferentially on the frame , also structurally reinforcing the toroidal frame . a method for constructing a living plant wreath using a kit of parts including the wire frame is described . the kit may include a drip bag for irrigating a living wreath at a controlled rate . | 0 |
an apparatus for remotely locking a container includes a vehicle having a main frame and a tipper frame hingedly connected to the main frame , at least one of the main frame and tipper frame being configured to receive and support a container thereon ; an actuator assembly for pivoting the tipper frame relative the main frame between a reclined , container loading and transport position and an inclined , dumping position ; a container configured for receipt , transport and dumping of material , including a box defining a rear opening , and having a door hingedly connected with the container box to swing between an open , material dumping position and a closed position covering and sealing shut the rear opening ; at least one lock mechanism connected to at least one of the box and the door ; a locking assembly connected to the container ; and , an actuator assembly connected to the tipper frame and physically separate from the locking assembly , and when the container is juxtaposed atop the tipper frame said tipper frame is in the transport position , the actuator assembly is operable upon actuation to engage with and cause the locking assembly to engage with the at least one lock mechanism to pull the door tightly against the box and seal closed the opening . | 1 |
provided is a device which is capable of ongoing measurement of variable foaming tendencies in a fluid system and provide a signal to regulate the feed rate of defoamer accordingly to maintain foaming at an acceptable target level . the regulation of feed can be accomplished automatically or manually . | 6 |
a method includes a configuration definition creation step of writing configuration information on a primary site into a storage subsystem ; a data transfer step of copying the configuration information , which is written into a storage device , to a storage subsystem in a secondary site over a network ; a data reception step of receiving the transferred configuration information and storing it in the storage subsystem in the secondary site ; and a configuration definition step of reading the stored configuration information and settings up a server in the secondary site . | 6 |
We report the first evidence of an ongoing collision between two star clusters in our Galaxy, namely IC 4665 and Collinder 350. These are open clusters located at a distance of ~330 pc from the Sun and ~100 pc above the Galactic plane, and they both have prograde motions with only a small difference in their velocities (Collinder 350 moves $\sim 5\, \rm {km\, s^{-1}}$ faster than IC 4665); as inferred from ESA/Gaia based catalogue. Interestingly, the two clusters are physically separated by only ~36 pc in space; a distance that is smaller than the sum of their respective radii. Furthermore, the clusters exhibit signatures of elongated stellar density distributions, and we also detect an onset of an inter-cluster stellar bridge. Moreover, the orbit analysis suggests that the younger cluster IC 4665 (age = 53 Myr) must have formed at a distance >500 pc away from Collinder 350 (age = 617 Myr). These findings together imply that the two clusters do not represent merging of two objects in a binary system; rather, what we are witnessing is an actual collision between two independently formed star clusters. This collision phenomenon provides a unique opportunity to explore new aspects of formation and evolution theory of star clusters. | 9 |
provided are turbine blades and a gas turbine capable of damping the vibrations caused by an excitation force and facilitating mounting / disassembly . included are a shroud portion disposed at an end portion of an airfoil portion ; a holder casing that can slide relative to the shroud portion , that can also be attached thereto / detached therefrom , and that forms a space with the shroud portion therebetween ; and an elastic portion that is disposed in the space , that biases the shroud portion in a direction that separates it from the holder casing , and is disposed in a movable manner relative to the shroud portion ; and a pressing portion that is disposed between the elastic portion and the holder casing and that can be moved toward and away from the shroud portion . | 5 |
a wiring unit of high reliability is obtained without the need for any chemical treatment . it is obtained by assembling a wiring means having a predetermined wiring pattern and made from a conductive plate into an insulating frame having a predetermined pattern and electrically connecting circuit elements to the wiring means . | 7 |
the pipeline leak detector is a mobile device having a pressure sensor array for travel within a fluid pipeline for leak detection in the pipe wall . the sensor array is positioned close to the internal surface of the pipe wall and rotates circumferentially about the surface of the pipe wall as the device travels through the pipe , thus describing a helical path along the pipe wall to cover the entire internal surface of the pipe wall with a minimal number of sensors . the sensors comprise tubes with conical mouths , and flexible members and strain gauges within the tubes . pressure changes due to leaks cause the flexible members to move , with the strain gauges sending signals to a central processor to indicate a leak . the device is supported by a drive wheel , a driven wheel , and an idler wheel bearing against the internal surface of the pipe and evenly circumferentially spaced . | 6 |
in one embodiment , a method receives a frame type storage medium including frame type decisions made by a first encoding process to encode a video at a first bitrate to generate a first encoded video . while performing a second encoding process to encode the video at a second bitrate to generate a second encoded video , the method performs : retrieving information from the storage medium regarding a frame type decision made during the first encoding process ; inserting a keyframe in the second encoded video based on the retrieved information from the storage medium , wherein the inserted keyframe in the second encoded video is aligned with a corresponding keyframe in the first encoded video ; and continuing to retrieve information from the storage medium and inserting keyframes in the second encoded video . keyframes in the first encoded video are aligned with keyframes in the second encoded video . | 7 |
a multi functional assembly adaptable within a tubing string conduit to serve as a safety valve against the possibility of a blow out . both surface and subsurface controllable , it offers both a partially retrievable or totally retrievable system that allows unbiased and unlimited work over and wire line access to an entire tubing string and can provide safety for down hole well work . the preferred invention comprises a housing mandrel system including closure elements reciprocally mounted vertically within the safety valve conduit that when unengaged provides unrestricted flow and when engaged provides restriction amounting from limited flow to complete closure of a tubing string . the invention provides operational options to function hydraulically and mechanically while having the additional capability of being remotely controlled automatically , electronically , and manually . the hydraulic and mechanical activation systems of the safety valve can be set to operate individually , simultaneously and selectively within the housing mandrel conduit . | 4 |
the present invention provides an improved hoop - type amusement device adapted with a counter for counting the number of revolutions achieved by the user . the counter is preferably adapted for attachment to any of a variety of hoop type devices , including the hula hoop , as well as specially configured hoop type devices , such as the type that may be formed from a plurality of variously sized and shaped connectable components that are selectively interconnected by the user to form a simple or complex hoop configuration of a particular desired size and shape . the counter functions to count the number of revolutions achieved by the user thereby allowing the user to monitor and gage performance . | 0 |
We have made a detailed spectral analysis of 11 Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP) planet host stars using high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) HARPS spectra. Our line list was carefully selected from the spectra of the Sun and Procyon, and we made a critical evaluation of the atomic data. The spectral lines were measured using equivalent widths. The procedures were tested on the Sun and Procyon prior to be being used on the WASP stars. The effective temperature (T<SUB>eff</SUB>), surface gravity (log g), microturbulent velocity (v<SUB>mic</SUB>) and metallicity were determined for all the stars. We show that abundances derived from high S/N spectra are likely to be higher than those obtained from low S/N spectra, as noise can cause the equivalent width to be underestimated. We also show that there is a limit to the accuracy of stellar parameters that can be achieved, despite using high S/N spectra, and the average uncertainty in T<SUB>eff</SUB>, log g, v<SUB>mic</SUB> and metallicity is 83 K, 0.11 dex, 0.11 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> and 0.10 dex, respectively. | 9 |
embodiments of the invention described herein thus provide systems and methods for improved securement of a cargo cover / flexible door to a cargo container . the systems generally provide securement using an integrated hook shape that is formed into the frame extrusions of the cargo container . this internal shape provides a construction that is less vulnerable to damage , can reduce the repair ratio , and the out of service time for the unit . | 1 |
a voice recognition breathalyzer comprises of a microphone for transducing spoken expression into electronic signals and a breathalyzer sensor for transducing given breath content into electronic signals . an audio and breathalyzer sensor circuit for conditioning said electronic signals from said microphone and breathalyzer sensor ; a memory storage for storing speech templates and toxic breath setting ; a processor for processing said conditioned electronic signals and for simultaneously comparing the processed , conditioned electronic signals with said speech templates and said toxic breath setting threshold stored in said memory storage , said processor generating a unique signal when said processed , conditioned electronic signals are substantially similar to one of said speech templates and below said toxic breath setting threshold . in the preferred embodiment of invention said voice recognition breathalyzer is mobil and it &# 39 ; s powered by a battery and said unique signals are transmitted by an rf link . | 1 |
the present invention relates to a novel method for inhibiting the growth , elaboration and / or replication of hiv in human patients and to the prevention and treatment of human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and other diseases caused by retroviral infection . in preferred aspects , the present invention provides a method for the use of a novel class of oligodeoxynucleotides consisting of 4 - thio - 2 ′- deoxyuridylate units for the prevention and treatment of both wild - type and drug - resistant human immunodeficiency virus 1 , the causative pathogen of aids . | 2 |
a deck construction including a plurality of supports for anchoring deck construction elements to a building site . the supports include a body having upper and lower portions . the upper portion includes at least one slot for seating a horizontally oriented construction member . the slot includes a center socket portion having four extended corners for seating the bottom end of a vertically oriented construction member . the slot and center socket are defined by connecting wall portions which may be integral to the body or may be of plastic or metal and suitable secured to the body . in some cases , two mutually perpendicular slots are provided . | 4 |
a machine for stamping characters in multiple rows on a workpiece is disclosed . the machine includes an impact head assembly mounted on a transversely slidable carriage , the impact head assembly being adapted for reciprocating movement perpendicular to the path of that sliding movement . a rotating stamping wheel is mounted in the impact head assembly and has a plurality of character stamps mounted on its periphery . means are disposed in the impact head assembly for moving the stamping wheel to a plurality of selected positions along its axis of rotation . | 1 |
Cosmic rays (CRs) are an integral component of the interstellar medium, producing broadband emission while interacting with other Galactic matter components like the interstellar gas or magnetic fields. In addition to observations, numerical simulations of CR propagation through the Galaxy help to increase the level of understanding of Galactic CR transport and diffuse γ-ray emission as seen by different experiments. Up to now, the standard approach at modelling source distributions used as input for such transport simulations often rely on radial symmetry and analytical functions rather than individual, observation-based sources. We aim at a redefinition of existing CR source distributions by combining sources observed with the H.E.S.S. experiment and simulated random sources, which follow the matter density in the Milky Way. As a result, H.E.S.S.-inspired Galactic CR source distributions are inferred. <P />We use the PICARD code to perform 3D-simulations of nuclei and electrons in CR propagation using our hybrid source distribution models. Furthermore, also gamma-ray maps and spectra, simulated with the redefined source models, are evaluated in different regions in the Galaxy and compared with each other to determine the statistical scatter of the underlying distributions. We find global consistency between our models and in comparison to previous simulations, with only some localised fluctuations, e.g. in the spiral arms. <P />This implementation of a three-dimensional source model based on observations and simulations enables a new quality of propagation modelling. It offers possibilities for more realistic CR transport scenarios beyond radial symmetry and delivers meaningful results in both the arm and interarm regions of the Galaxy. This gives a more realistic picture of the Galactic γ-ray sky by including structures from the source model and not just the gas distributions. | 9 |
The most extreme ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), with L<SUB>X</SUB> > 5 × 10<SUP>40</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP>, are amongst the best candidates for hosting intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in the haloes of galaxies. Jet radio emission is expected from a sub-Eddington accreting IMBH in the low/hard (radio bright) state. In a search for such IMBH jet radio emission, we have observed with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 5 GHz a sample of seven extreme ULXs whose X-ray properties indicate they are in the hard state. Assuming they remain in this state, the non-detection of radio emission for six of the target sources allows us to constrain their black hole mass to the IMBH regime, thus ruling out a supermassive black hole nature. For the extreme ULX in the galaxy NGC 2276, we detect extended radio emission formed by two lobes of total flux density 1.43 ± 0.22 mJy and size ∼650 pc. The X-ray counterpart is located between the two lobes, suggesting the presence of a black hole with jet radio emission. The radio luminosity allows us to constrain the black hole mass of this source to the IMBH regime; hence, the extreme ULX in NGC 2276 could be the first detection of extended jet radio emission from an IMBH. The radio emission could also possibly come from a radio nebula powered by the ULX with a minimum total energy of 5.9 × 10<SUP>52</SUP> erg, thus constituting the most powerful and largest ULX radio nebula ever observed. | 9 |
This is the third release of this function. | 9 |
a relay includes a coil member having an axial cavity within which is an elongated rigid armature interacting with at least one pole plate in contacting fashion . the armature is positioned in the coil member by a spring frame which is prestressed to the quiescent position . the spring frame has two cross legs approximately parallel to the armature plane and two long legs extending laterally of the armature and lying in planes perpendicular to the armature plane . a spring tongue extends from one of the cross legs and to between the long legs , the free end of the spring tongue being connected to the armature . the spring frame produces a stable holding for the armature in the coil member and provides operational adjustment from outside the relay . | 7 |
In a previously presented proof-of-principle study, we established a parameterized spherically symmetric explosion method (PUSH) that can reproduce many features of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) for a wide range of pre-explosion models. The method is based on the neutrino-driven mechanism and follows collapse, bounce, and explosion. There are two crucial aspects of our model for nucleosynthesis predictions. First, the mass cut and explosion energy emerge simultaneously from the simulation (determining, for each stellar model, the amount of Fe-group ejecta). Second, the interactions between neutrinos and matter are included consistently (setting the electron fraction of the innermost ejecta). In the present paper, we use the successful explosion models from Ebinger et al. that include two sets of pre-explosion models at solar metallicity, with combined masses between 10.8 and 120 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>. We perform systematic nucleosynthesis studies and predict detailed isotopic yields. The resulting <SUP>56</SUP>Ni ejecta are in overall agreement with observationally derived values from normal CCSNe. The Fe-group yields are also in agreement with derived abundances for metal-poor star HD 84937. We also present a comparison of our results with observational trends in alpha element to iron ratios. | 9 |
a system and method for generating electricity using kites and controlling the kites in flight . a plurality of kites is provided that include a first kite and at least one subsequent kite . the kites form a string of kites that are connected by at least one tether to a reel or similar structure . each tether has a first end that is coupled to the first kite and a second end that is coupled to the reel . each tether passes through openings in each subsequent kite . an actuator is carried by the subsequent kite proximate each tether opening . the actuator operates between an engaged condition and a disengaged condition . each actuator engages a tether when in its engaged condition , therein selectively holding the subsequent kite at a fixed point along each tether . the movability of the subsequent kite enables the string of kites to be deployed and retrieved in a simplified manner . | 5 |
a highly efficient fuel cell is provided that can be reduced in size and provide a large electromotive force and that comprises an electrolyte / electrode joined member comprising a fuel electrode , an oxidizer electrode , and an electrolyte membrane provided between the electrodes , wherein a plurality of spacers are provided at least on a surface on the oxidizer electrode side of the electrolyte / electrode joined member . | 7 |
a discharge machining apparatus includes an electrode disposed in confronting relation to a workpiece with an insulative machining solution interposed therebetween for machining the workpiece by an electric discharge generated across an interelectrode gap between the electrode and the workpiece , a detector device for detecting a distribution of times to generate the discharge across the interelectrode gap after a voltage has been applied thereacross , and interelectrode condition discriminator for comparing a distribution of times as detected by the detector means after the voltage has been applied across the interelectrode gap and before the discharge is generated thereacross to produce a signal indicative of a determined condition of the interelectrode gap . | 1 |
a disc player that incorporates a single piece disc enclosure and a chassis section is described . the incorporation of the disc enclosure and the chassis section into a single piece eliminates the requirement for a separate damping system . as well as reducing the cost of manufacturing the device this also allows for the tolerance between the spindle motor and the disc enclosure to be precisely controlled so enabling miniaturization of the disc player . | 6 |
telecommunications services and systems utilising voice intonation analysis to provide additional information to users . information on caller &# 39 ; s moods may be obtained from the intonation analysis and stored for later retrieval with information on the calls , including audio data , to which the information relates . an interactive system may be provided to perform intonation analysis on a caller &# 39 ; s reasons for calling and the results of that analysis may be provided to the recipient to assist them in deciding whether to accept the call . | 6 |
In this work, a state-of-the-art vortex detection method, Instantaneous Vorticity Deviation, is applied to locate three-dimensional vortex tube boundaries in numerical simulations of solar photospheric magnetoconvection performed by the MURaM code. We detected three-dimensional vortices distributed along intergranular regions and displaying coned shapes that extend from the photosphere to the low chromosphere. Based on a well-defined vortex center and boundary, we were able to determine averaged radial profiles and thereby investigate the dynamics across the vortical flows at different height levels. The solar vortex tubes present nonuniform angular rotational velocity, and, at all height levels, there are eddy viscosity effects within the vortices, which slow down the plasma as it moves toward the center. The vortices impact the magnetic field as they help to intensify the magnetic field at the sinking points, and in turn, the magnetic field ends up playing an essential role in the vortex dynamics. The magnetic field was found to be especially important to the vorticity evolution. On the other hand, it is shown that, in general, kinematic vortices do not give rise to magnetic vortices unless their tangential velocities at different height levels are high enough to overcome the magnetic tension. | 9 |
a system of modulation and demodulation for the transmission of binary data in the presence of multipath . the binary data modulates the phase of the carrier and the same binary data , after a delay of &# 34 ; δ &# 34 ; bits , also modulates the frequency of the carrier . following reception , the binary data is obtained either by frequency demodulation or by a method of coherent phase shift demodulation wherein the mark or the space frequency is selected for detection of each bit in accord with the bit received &# 34 ; n &# 34 ; bits previously . the system selects between the demodulation methods to obtain one which operates satisfactorily in the instant electromagnetic environment . | 7 |
a circular knitting machine in which the pattern drum has cams shiftable between operative and inoperative positions about a pivotal axis , the movement between the positions being less than 90 ° and there being locking means which is effective to secure the cams in one of the two positions . the selector members which are operated by the cams have associated with them means by which they may be disengaged from the cams . | 3 |
safety condom , comprising two compartments , front and back , separated and made independent of one another by an interior wall or septum destined to be housed in the sulcus of the penis , establishing a closed front chamber to avoid semen spreading . | 8 |
an anti - corrosive battery terminal including a terminal block provided on its undersurface with a socket adapted to receive a battery post ; a grease fitting , with check valve , mounted on the top of the terminal block and communicating with the socket for injection of grease therein ; and one or more screw clamps for attaching the terminal block to the post . the screw clamps also double as terminal contact posts for attachment of electrical wiring . | 7 |
The lithium present in the photospheres of solar-type stars is transported to the inner parts by convection, reaching regions even somewhat below the convection zone, by non-standard transport mechanisms. In stars with deeper convective zones, this element can reach regions with temperatures sufficient enough to be destroyed, implying in a lower Li content. More metallic stars show a deepening of their convective zones, so they could deplete more Li in comparison with stars of lower metallicity. In order to verify this effect and its amplitude, we selected stars with ~1 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> and metallicities within a factor of two relative to the Sun. We studied a sample of 41 metal-rich and -poor solar analogues, and carried out a joint analysis with a sample of 77 solar twins from our previous work, resulting in a total sample of 118 stars covering the metallicity range -0.3 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ + 0.3 dex. We employed high-resolution (R = 115 000) and high-signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 400-1000) HARPS spectra and determined the atmospheric parameters using a line-by-line differential analysis and the Li abundance through spectral synthesis. The ages and masses of the whole sample were improved by refining the isochronal method. We also investigated the impact of planets on Li. We found robust anticorrelations between Li abundance and both metallicity and age, with a significance above 10σ in both cases. Our results agree qualitatively with theoretical predictions and are useful to constrain non-standard models of Li depletion, and to better understand transport and mixing mechanisms inside stars. | 9 |
a flow - sensing probe adapted to be mounted in a conduit for indicating the flow rate of a fluid passing through the conduit . the probe has forward openings facing in the direction of fluid flow , and rear openings disposed at an angle of about one hundred and ten degrees with respect to the forward openings . pressures sensed by the forward and rear openings are used to indicate volumetric flow by using a flow coefficient that is independent of reynold &# 39 ; s number . | 6 |
a large capacity napkin dispenser for in counter mounting includes : an elongate housing having a generally rectangular cross - section for receiving a stack of napkins ; a faceplate with a dispensing aperture , the faceplate being hinged to the housing so as to be movable between an open position for re - loading and a closed position for dispensing ; a movable support member mounted in the housing ; biasing means for urging the movable support toward the faceplate so that the stack of napkins is advanced to the aperture as it is depleted ; and sequestered means for locking the faceplate in the closed position . the locking means includes release means located adjacent the inner surface of the faceplate such that when the faceplate is in the closed position the release means is concealed in the interior of the dispenser , thereby eliminating the need for a key . the dispenser further includes internal gripping surfaces which facilitate re - loading and smooth operation as well as molded - in features which greatly reduce cost of manufacture . | 0 |
a novel hemostatic composition and a hemostatic pharmaceutical preparation are provided . a pharmaceutically stable hemostatic liquid composition comprising a mixed solution of activated blood coagulation factor vii and blood coagulation factor x in a single container . the mixed solution is maintained at ph ranging from 5 . 0 to 6 . 5 . | 0 |
the invention relates to a semiconductor device having improved wiring layers . the wiring is formed on the semiconductor substrate and has a first region and a second region . the first region comprises a conductive film and an insulating film formed by oxidizing a film connected to the conductive film and made of the same material thereof . the second region includes a wiring and is provided on the first region . the gibbs free energy of the wiring decreases less than that of the conductive film when the wiring and the conductive film are oxidized . | 7 |
a portable brim can be securely attached to and operate with various helmets such as bicycle , skateboarding , snow sport , mountain / rock climbing , equestrian , and paddlesport helmets as well as hard hats used in construction , utility maintenance , material moving , dock loading , and airport baggage handling , to give the wearer shade and protection from the sun . the brim apparatus includes a center section having a size for fitting about a circumference of the sports helmet and a visor outwardly or radially extending from the center section . in one brim apparatus the center section features a stop surface that opposes an upper surface of the visor when the apparatus is affixed to the headgear such that the visor is prohibited from flipping upwards or sliding down or coming off during use . | 0 |
a semiconductor wafer saw and method of using the same for dicing semiconductor wafers are disclosed comprising a wafer saw including variable lateral indexing capabilities and multiple blades . the wafer saw , because of its variable indexing capabilities , can dice wafers having a plurality of differently sized semiconductor devices thereon into their respective discrete components . in addition , the wafer saw with its multiple blades , some of which may be independently laterally or vertically movable relative to other blades , can more efficiently dice silicon wafers into individual semiconductor devices . | 8 |
the methods described herein for controlling a computer using a video image and for combining the video image with a computer desktop may be implemented in hardware , software , firmware , or any combination thereof . in one exemplary implementation , the methods described herein may be implemented as computer executable instructions embodied in a computer readable medium . exemplary computer - readable media suitable for use with the implementations described herein include disk storage devices and chip memory devices . | 6 |
there is provided a novel derivative of 2 - acetoxybenzoic acid , i . e ., 1 - o - benzoyl - α - d - 2 - deoxyglucopyranose , which is suitable for the attainment of high 2 - acetoxybenzoic acid blood levels without irritation of the gastrointestinal lining . | 2 |
a method and system are presented for making a secure payment transaction using a payment card associated with a consumer which has been registered with a digital wallet . a secure server is arranged , in response to a request from a merchant server in relation to the consumer , to extract from the digital wallet payment credentials for the payment card . the secure server uses the payment credentials and the identity of the merchant server to generate a token . the token is provided to the merchant . to effect a payment transaction , the merchant server returns the token to the secure server with details of the desired payment transaction , and the secure server arranges for the payment transaction to occur , and notifies the merchant server . the merchant server does not receive the payment credentials of the payment card during this process , so even if its security is compromised , the payment credentials are not at risk . | 6 |
a process for the purification of crude 4 - aminophenol which was prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in aqueous sulfuric acid is described involving : adjusting the ph of an aqueous solution of crude 4 - aminophenol to ph 4 . 0 - 5 . 0 at a temperature between 75 ° c . and 85 ° c . ; mixing the aforesaid solution with toluene as the solvent , in order to extract various impurities and the dissolved nitrobenzene starting material ; adjusting the ph of the resultant solution as required to maintain it at ph 4 . 0 - 5 . 0 ; allowing the resultant mixture to settle thereby forming a top organic layer and a bottom aqueous raffinate layer which raffinate contains 4 - aminophenol and the by - product material , ortho - aminophenol ; separating the two layers and repeatedly extracting the raffinate layer which toluene at ph 4 . 0 - 5 . 0 at a temperature of 75 °- 85 ° c . until most impurities have been removed from the resultant final raffinate ; adding to the resultant raffinate , a charcoal decolorizing agent and a sodium sulfite type salt , which are then removed , leaving a filtrate which contains the 4 - aminophenol and also the by - product ortho - aminophenol ; adjusting the ph of said filtrate to ph 6 . 5 - 8 . 0 and cooling it to a temperature below 10 ° c . ; separating the precipitated pure 4 - aminophenol from the by - product ortho - aminophenol which remains in the solution . | 2 |
The community-developed, free and open-source solar data analysis environment for Python. | 9 |
the present invention discloses a rotation mirror image display , which comprises : a driving means ; a control unit for controlling at least one image and generating at least one image - control signal ; a rotating member being continuously driven by the driving means and generating at least one mirror image ; and at least one emitting module having a plurality of leds and disposed outside a rotating path of the rotating member ; wherein the display with the mirror image is formed by way of rotating the rotating member and controlling the control unit to let the emitting module generate the mirror image . | 6 |
a power supply system is disclosed wherein redundant d . c . power supplies are provided for a single load , each of the supplies being capable of providing full load current so that one of the supplies may be removed without interrupting power to the load . each of the power supplies has a differential amplifier type of voltage regulator that includes a resistor in series with the output lead so that it is capable of varying the output voltage to compensate for lead and or - ing rectifier drops . | 8 |
the present invention concerns double - walled microcapsules with an outer thermoplastic wall and an application process thereof on substrates , namely textile substrate . the microcapsules are applied to fibres so as to produce a slow release of products such as fragrances , antimicrobial , insecticides , antioxidants , vitamins or they can be used as materials such as thermochromic pigments , that change colour when heated , or “ phase change materials ” , that convey thermal insulation / control . | 3 |
devices and methods of transport are disclosed . various embodiments include structural aspects related to steering and changing the direction of conveyances including features which utilize leaning or shifting of weight as part of turning . | 0 |
a secure storage device for securing digital camera data at the acquisition stage . original digital camera data is saved in the memory of the secure storage device which has the capability of performing one or more security functions , including encryption , creation of an authentication file , adding data to the image data such as fingerprinting , and adding secure annotations such as separate data included in an image - header . the device prepares original authentication data from original digital camera data , and encrypts and stores both the original authentication data and the original image data . the use of the device includes downloading the original image data to a first computer , and encrypted original authentication data to a second computer . | 7 |
in a thermal recording sheet having a thermal recording layer containing a colorless or pale colored dye precursor and a color developer reactable with the dye precursor upon heating to develop a color , a dimerized or trimerized urea compound is used as the color developer to obtain a thermal recording sheet which is superior in ground color stability and a thermal recording sheet having a reversible recordability . | 2 |
a multiple position stakedown assembly for a horizontal directional drill machine which installs stakes into the ground in a variety of different locations with a single drive head . the stakedown assembly includes a vertical tower that is rotatably mounted on a base plate . locator ports for the stakes are provided in the base plate in a segmentally circular pattern around the tower . a drive head cantilevered from the top of the tower rotates with the tower to positions where it can install stakes through any of the ports . | 4 |
the coupling of geomechanics to reservoir simulation is essential for many practical situations in the exploitation of hydrocarbons . such coupling requires cross - mapping block - centered data in reservoir model to nodal data in geomechanical finite element model . if different grid geometries and grid densities between two models are used , this data mapping will become considerably challenging . in this invention , an innovative method is proposed to achieve remarkable accuracy of data mapping from reservoir model to the geomechanical model with ease and quite efficiently using least squares finite element method . the achievement of accurate data mapping will enable efficient simulation coupling between reservoir simulation and geomechanical simulation to investigate some engineering problems in the exploitation of hydrocarbons . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a method for sending and receiving a reference signal for a backhaul subframe in a wireless communication system in which a relay is present and also to a device therefor , constituted in such a way that common reference signals for a plurality of receiving devices and reference signals dedicated to separate receiving devices are allocated dispersed in a subframe , and the common reference signals and the dedicated reference signals are generated and are sent and received via the subframe . the present invention can improve the channel estimation performance for subframes in a wireless communication system . in this way , communications efficiency in wireless communication systems can be improved . | 7 |
disclosed are a device and a method of transmitting sos signals in a mobile telecommunication terminal . the method according to the invention includes the steps of converting each of a plurality of sos phrases stored in the mobile telecommunication terminal with code signals of a corresponding format , and storing the converted codes , providing a user with a menu to select one of the sos phrases upon entry into an sos service mode , modulating the code signal of the corresponding format selected by the user from the menu into a frequency of the corresponding bandwidth , and transmitting the modulated signal . | 6 |
the invention provides surgical or diagnostic tools and associated methods that offer user control for operating remotely within regions of the body : in some embodiments these tools include a proximally - located actuator for the operation of a distal end effector , as well as proximally - located actuators for articulational and rotational movements of the end effector . control mechanisms and methods refine operator control of end effector actuation and of these articulational and rotational movements . a force limiter mechanism protects the end effector and manipulated objects from the harm of potentially excessive force applied by the operator . a multi - state ratchet for end effector actuation provides enablement - disablement options with tactile feedback . an articulation lock allows the fixing and releasing of both neutral and articulated configurations of the tool and of consequent placement of the end effector . a rotation lock provides for enablement and disablement of rotatability of the end effector . | 0 |
a gauge which uses a prism or other type of reflector to illuminate a single graphic or icon on a dial such that only one graphic on the dial is shown during the operation of the gauge . all of the remaining graphics have a dead front appearance , and cannot be viewed , such that the gauge presents only one discrete value at a time . the dial is beneath a lens , and the prism is beneath the dial . an actuator is mounted to a pcb , and an led is also mounted to the pcb to allow the prism to transmit light to the desired area of the dial . the dial also includes a central graphic , or icon , and the gauge is able to display different values , while the central graphic remains constantly illuminated in the center of the gauge . | 6 |
the invention relates to the acquisition of a code modulated signal , wherein a first set of correlation results for correlations between the code modulated signal and a first replica code with different code phases and a second set of correlation results for correlations between the code modulated signal and a second replica code with different code phases are available . in order to achieve a high sensitivity , results from both sets of correlation results are combined , wherein correlation results used in the combination are selected based on information on a relative difference between a correct code phase for both replica codes . then , it is determined based on the combination whether at least one of the sets of correlation results comprises a correlation result representing the correct code phase for the first replica code or the second replica code , respectively . | 6 |
to provide an organic electroluminescent device having excellent durability and having high luminous efficiency and luminance , which can be effectively utilized for surface light sources such as full color displays , backlights , and illuminating light sources and light source arrays such as printers , the organic electroluminescent device includes at least one organic compound layer containing a light emitting layer between a pair of electrodes , wherein the light emitting layer contains a host material and a phosphorescent material ; the host material is a five - coordinate metal complex ; and the phosphorescent material is at least one ir complex having a specific partial structure . | 7 |
disclosed herein is a controlled reception pattern antenna that prevents the degradation of anti - jamming performance in a compact array antenna by increasing the antenna gain at a low elevation angle . the proposed antenna includes a radiator for receiving a satellite signal , a ground platform in which the radiator is arranged , and a radiating slot formed in the ground platform . by simply forming a radiating slot in the ground platform , antenna gain may be increased at a low elevation angle . therefore , it is possible to maintain anti - jamming performance and to reduce the size of the array antenna . | 7 |
a mesh - belt conveyor for conveying materials into industrial furnaces comprises a conventional continuous mesh - belt wound at one end around an idle reversing roller and engaged at its other end in a labyrinth device subjected to a reciprocating motion in the general direction of the conveyor , the belt being also intermittently clamped , close to the reversing roller , by a gripping device which produces intermittent movements of the belt toward the reversing roller in alternation with the movements of the labyrinth device , in order to cause an intermittent advance of the belt . | 5 |
a removable door cassette has a cross member having a lower door frame fixed thereto . the lower door frame has a first frame member fixed to the cross member and a second frame member defining a channel to receive the first frame member . the first frame member is separable from the second frame member . a pivot connection pivotally connects the second frame member to a door housing . a fastener fixedly secures the second frame member in relation to the door housing . a deformable button is preferably used to provide a mechanism to hold the lower door frame into the lower door frame channel and provide a release and locking mechanism between the first and second frame members . | 4 |
a projection apparatus includes an image - producing element and projection optics . the image - producing element produces at least one image , and the projection optics has free - form areas for magnifying and reflecting the image toward an viewer for observation . the projection optics includes at least a first mirror and a second mirror , the image is reflected by the first mirror and the second mirror in succession , no deflection mirror is disposed between the viewer and the second mirror , and the first mirror and the second mirror are in the form of a non - rotationally symmetrical system . | 6 |
a system includes a capacitively - coupled touch sensor having a conductive first layer and a conductive second layer on a first insulative layer . the width of the second layer varies along an axis of the first layer . a first excitation signal is applied to one of the first and second layers and is capacitively coupled through a touch element to the other layer , producing a first signal that produces a second signal which is digitized . digitized peak values of the second signal are processed to compute a value for a touch element location . a conductive third layer can be placed on the opposite side of the first layer has width varying oppositely to the second layer . the first excitation signal is applied to the second layer and a non - overlapping second excitation signal is applied to the third layer . the resulting digitized peak values are processed to cancel errors due to variations . | 6 |
Context. Asteroseismology is one of the few methods to derive ages of individual stars due to the high precision of their observations. Isochrone fitting is a powerful alternative method for deriving ages by studying clusters of stars. Pulsating stars in clusters should therefore allow for detailed studies of the stellar models. <BR /> Aims: Our objectives are to exploit the NASA TESS data along with ESA Gaia data to search for and detect oscillations in cluster member stars. We analyse the intermediate-age open cluster NGC 2477, known to suffer from differential extinction, to explore if asteroseismology and cluster characteristics can help us understand the metallicity and extinction, as well as result in better age determinations than isochrone-fitting alone. <BR /> Methods: We combined a multitude of recent observations from Gaia, high-resolution spectroscopy, and extinction maps to analyse the cluster and then search for and detect variability in the member stars using TESS full frame images (FFIs) data. To interpret all of these data, we used stellar structure, evolution and oscillation codes. <BR /> Results: We conducted an in-depth analysis of the extinction and metallicity of NGC 2477, using the most recent spectroscopic, photometric, and extinction observations for the cluster. Analysis of dust and extinction maps confirmed that the differential extinction in the direction of the cluster is not due to the background. The cluster's metallicity from high-resolution spectroscopy varies from 0.06 to 0.16 dex. We performed an isochrone fitting to the cluster using publically available isochrones (BASTI, MIST, and PARSEC), which provides a cluster age of between 0.6 to 1.1 Ga. Then using TESS FFI, we analysed the time dimension of the members of this cluster. We created optimised pixel light curves using the tessipack package which allows us to consider possible contamination by nearby stars. Using these light curves, we identified many interesting levels of variability of stars in this cluster, including binaries and oscillating stars. For the asteroseismic analysis, we selected a few uncontaminated A-F type oscillating stars and used the MESA and GYRE codes to interpret the frequency signals. By comparing the theoretical and the observed spectra, we identified frequency separations, Δν, for four stars. Then using the identified Δν and imposing that the best matched theoretical models have the same age, metallicity, and background extinction, we constrained the cluster's age to 1.0 ± 0.1 Ga. <BR /> Conclusions: We conclude that using the TESS FFI data, we can identify oscillating stars in clusters and constrain the age of the cluster using asteroseismology. <P />Full Tables 1 and A.1, and light curves/periodograms are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/674/A146">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/674/A146</A>. | 9 |
an scs sends out a trigger message for activating a group of mtc devices through a network . an hss verifies whether or not to transfer the trigger message to the given mtc devices based on subscription information of the group . a group gw broadcasts the trigger message . further , an mme concatenates dl messages addressed to the mtc devices . the group gw distributes , to the mtc devices , the dl messages included in the concatenated message . furthermore , the group gw concatenates ul messages received from the mtc devices . the mme processes the ul messages included in the concatenated message . | 7 |
a large round baler includes a crop pick - up having a tined reel for lifting a windrow of crop to a secondary feeder which moves the crop into the baling chamber . crop feeding is aided by an integrated crop baffle and hold - down assembly suspended from the baler frame for vertical floating movement by a trailing four - bar linkage arrangement . the baffle is located ahead of the pick - up tine reel , and the compressor rods extending rearwardly over the reel from a location close to an upper rear region of the baffle to a region beneath a bale starter roll . the linkage arrangement controls the movement of the integrated crop baffle and hold - down assembly such that the assembly quickly adjusts to varying windrow thickness , and so that interference between the starter roll and the rear sections of the crop hold - down compressor is avoided . | 0 |
the invention relates to an improved heat recovery system which is intended for air - conditioning and to reduce the cold corridor effect . more specifically , the invention relates to a system for making use of heat that is released during the condensing and / or cooling of a refrigerant fluid , in order subsequently to heat an airflow passing through an open retail refrigeration cabinet or lines of same , using a specially - designed unit for distributing and supplying heated air . the inventive assembly is equipped with a regulation and control device which can be used to maintain acceptable comfort levels for customers in the areas surrounding said open retail refrigeration cabinets or lines of same . the inventive system represents a significant improvement in relation to the design of the previously - patented system . | 0 |
a multi - priority encoder includes a plurality of interconnected , single - priority encoders arranged in descending priority order . the multi - priority encoder includes circuitry for blocking a match output by a lower level single - priority encoder if a higher level single - priority encoder outputs a match output . match data is received from a content addressable memory , and the priority encoder includes address encoding circuitry for outputting the address locations of each highest priority match line flagged by the highest priority indicator . each single - priority encoder includes a highest priority indicator which has a plurality of indicator segments , each indicator segment being associated with a match line input . | 7 |
Context. The stellar mass (M<SUB>⋆</SUB>) and the star formation rate (SFR) are among the most important features that characterize galaxies. Measuring these fundamental properties accurately is critical for understanding the present state of galaxies, their history, and future evolution. Infrared (IR) photometry is widely used to measure the M<SUB>⋆</SUB> and SFR of galaxies because the near-IR traces the continuum emission of the majority of their stellar populations (SPs), and the mid/far-IR traces the dust emission powered by star-forming activity. <BR /> Aims: This work explores the dependence of the IR emission of galaxies on their extinction, and the age of their SPs. It aims to provide accurate and precise IR-photometry SFR and M<SUB>⋆</SUB> calibrations that account for SP age and extinction while providing quantification of their scatter. <BR /> Methods: We used the CIGALE spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting code to create model SEDs of galaxies with a wide range of star formation histories, dust content, and interstellar medium properties. We fit the relations between M<SUB>⋆</SUB> and SFR with IR and optical photometry of the model-galaxy SEDs with the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. As an independent confirmation of the MCMC fitting method, we performed a machine-learning random forest (RF) analysis on the same data set. The RF model yields similar results to the MCMC fits, thus validating the latter. <BR /> Results: This work provides calibrations for the SFR using a combination of the WISE bands 1 and 3, or the JWST NIR-F200W and MIRI-F2100W. It also provides mass-to-light ratio calibrations based on the WISE band-1, the JWST NIR-F200W, and the optical u − r or g − r colors. These calibrations account for the biases attributed to the SP age, while they are given in the form of extinction-dependent and extinction-independent relations. <BR /> Conclusions: The proposed calibrations show robust estimations while minimizing the scatter and biases throughout a wide range of SFRs and stellar masses. The SFR calibration offers better results, especially in dust-free or passive galaxies where the contributions of old SPs or biases from the lack of dust are significant. Similarly, the M<SUB>⋆</SUB> calibration yields significantly better results for dusty and high-SFR galaxies where dust emission can otherwise bias the estimations. | 9 |
the present invention fabricates a hydrophobic and oleophobic polymer fabric through two stages of modification using atmospheric plasmas . the modified fabric has a rough surface and a fluorocarbon functional group having the lowest surface free energy . the fabric has a grafted fluorocarbon monomer layer to enhance the graft efficiency of the fluorocarbon functional groups and its wash fastness . the atmospheric plasmas can be mass produced and less expensively . hence , the present invention can rapidly modify surfaces of polymeric materials with low cost and good environment protection . | 1 |
a magnetic recording and / or reproducing apparatus , comprising a rotary head device , in which a magnetic tape is drawn out of a cassette and brought into contact with the rotary head device . a tape draw - out device , doubling as a tape guide , forms a predetermined tape path and guides the drive of the magnetic tape after drawing out the magnetic tape . a fixed magnetic head and other tape guide mechanism are movably arranged on the path of the tape draw - out device during operation of the apparatus for reducing the size thereof . with the tape loading operation , the fixed magnetic head and the other tape guide are moved by a common drive mechanism and held in position by a common stopper . | 6 |
novel amines of formulas , , , and or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof wherein n is an integer of from 0 to 2 ; m is an integer of from 0 to 3 ; r is sulfonamide , amide , phosphonic acid , heterocycle , sulfonic acid , or hydroxamic acid ; a ′ is a bridged ring selected from , , , , wherein is the point of attachment ; z 1 to z 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen and methyl ; o is an integer of from 1 to 4 ; and p is an integer of from 0 to 2 . in formula above r cannot be sulfonic acid when m is 2 and n is 1 are disclosed and are useful as agents in the treatment of epilepsy , faintness attacks , hypokinesia , cranial disorders , neurodegenerative disorders , depression , anxiety , panic , pain , neuropathological disorders , especially irritable bowel syndrome . | 2 |
disclosed therein is a sprinkler mounting device that support units are joined to t - shaped frames and a support bar through screws , thereby providing a strong and firm mounted state and preventing a separation of the support units from the support bar during work even though the mounting device is in an open type that a reducer is fit into a mounting bracket from the front . | 1 |
a prosthetic hip inserter is designed for use when implanting a hip stem with bone cement . the inserter includes an attachment device for securing and holding the hip implant prior to and during insertion into the medullary canal of the femur . the inserter includes a pressurizer carried on the end of the inserter which carries the attachment device . the pressurizer includes a seal which surrounds at least part of the outer circumference of the prosthesis to be implanted . this both prevents the escape of and application of pressure to the bone cement prior to its curing . the thickness of the seal can be used to adjust the depth of insertion of the hip implant stem . | 0 |
separator for silver - zinc batteries made of cellulose and containing insoluble fluoride ions which when placed next to the cathode slowly release and retard silver deposition thereon . | 7 |
there is provided a water insoluble disinfectant composition comprising a tertiary amine quaternized with a water insoluble carrier to provide a quaternary ammonium salt . in the preferred modification of the invention , the carrier is a resin , most suitably a crosslinked polystyrene or crosslinked methacrylate resin . the compositions of the present invention are formed by creating an amine reactive labile active center on the carrier and reacting said activated carrier with the amine of choice to form a quaternary ammonium salt . ammonium salts having at least one alkyl moiety of c10 to c16 carbon atoms and at least one aryl moiety have been found particularly effective . | 0 |
a method for producing images on a substrate with colour bodies thereon , the colour bodies losing a colour effect due to a laser and consisting of dyes or pigments contained in capsules . different colour bodies having at least three different colour effects are on or in the substrate . the method includes : producing a colour chart , with individual colour effect of individual colour bodies contained as a function of the spatial coordinates thereof on or in the substrate ; and spatially resolving radiation , which opens the colour effect of colour bodies of individual capsules and releases dyes by a laser at a single frequency on the basis of the colour chart in order to produce a resultant colour effect . substrates , like security documents , can be produced this method . | 1 |
a coolant conductivity method and apparatus used to determine when a coolant , circulating through a vehicle &# 39 ; s coolant system , starts to conduct electrical current and loses its electrical isolation properties . the system includes a battery monitor controller senses one or more isolation resistances placed throughout a fuel cell system and is programmed to run an isolation algorithm . the isolation algorithm opens and closes contactors in a specific order , measures the resistance of the one or more isolation resistances and calculates a coolant conductivity value . the system will indicate when the coolant needs to be replaced . | 7 |
in a method for operating an internal combustion engine in which the angular locations where the fuel / air mix combustions takes place can be controlled by an adjustment of the inlet and outlet valve timing , the timing of at least one of the intake and exhaust valve opening phases is shifted depending on the engine speed so as to reduce engine emissions . | 5 |
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