text
stringlengths 12
51.9k
| label
int64 0
9
|
|---|---|
a method for maximizing i / o requests to a target port is provided . the method includes a storage controller obtaining an initiator allowed queue depth , receiving an i / o request and a current sequence identifier from an initiator logged into the target port , and determining if the initiator allowed queue depth is equal to a first queue depth corresponding to the initiator . if the initiator allowed queue depth is equal to the first queue depth then returning a queue full indication and a maximum sequence identifier equal to the current sequence identifier to the initiator . if the initiator allowed queue depth is not equal to the first queue depth then placing the i / o request on a queue , incrementing the first queue depth , and adjusting the maximum sequence identifier . adjusting the maximum sequence identifier includes adding the current sequence identifier to the initiator allowed queue depth and subtracting the first queue depth . | 6 |
a method and apparatus are provided for photoelectrochemical reproduction of an image on a plate or roller . for a printing press , the apparatus includes a reusable image roller coated with a oxide semiconductor . a plating solution is applied to the image roller as a thin film . the desired image is written onto the oxide semiconductor by a laser that generates a photoelectrochemical reaction between the semiconductor and the plating solution . in a preferred embodiment , the image roller is coated with hydrophilic p - type nio . the image is written onto the roller as dots of oleophilic metallic copper , which are formed on the nio coating by laser - generated cathodic photoelectrodeposition . subsequent erasure of the metallic copper image can be accomplished by chemical or electrochemical dissolution of the deposited copper . the method functions to create , erase , and recreate high - resolution images directly on a printing press roller without the necessity of precise matrix registration . | 8 |
the invention provides improved passively fitting , permanent , detachable frameworks for supporting dental restorations on osseo - integrated dental implants , methods for making the frameworks and methods of using the frameworks . | 0 |
We study a coupled quintessence model with pure momentum exchange and present the effects of such an interaction on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and matter power spectrum. For a wide range of negative values of the coupling parameter β structure growth is suppressed and the model can reconcile the tension between cosmic microwave background observations and structure growth inferred from cluster counts. We find that this model is as good as Λ CDM for CMB and baryon acoustic oscillation data, while the addition of cluster data makes the model strongly preferred, improving the best-fit χ<SUP>2</SUP> value by more than 16. | 9 |
a flat panel display device is disclosed that may include a light - emitting layer portion including a first electrode , a second electrode , and an organic light - emitting layer between the first and second electrodes ; at least two thin film transistors for controlling the light - emitting layer portion ; a scanning signal line for supplying a scanning signal to the thin film transistor ; a data signal line for supplying a data signal to the thin film transistor ; a light emitting region having a common power supply line for supplying current to the light - emitting layer portion ; and a peripheral common power supply line having at least one curved portion and connected to the common power supply line on a panel of a non - light emitting region except the light emitting region , wherein the common power supply line has a reduced wiring width while maintaining a constant wiring resistance to thereby reduce the total size of the display panel . | 6 |
disclosed herein are an electrochemical softening apparatus that is relatively convenient and inexpensive and a washing machine including the same . the softening apparatus regenerates a zeolite compound that has been used to perform ion exchange using hydrogen ions generated using an electrochemical method such that the zeolite compound is repeatedly used . hydrogen ions generated during a re - softening process are used to remove contaminants due to microorganisms and a scale component . the softening apparatus includes a regeneration unit to generate regeneration water containing hydrogen ions and a softening unit , including an ion exchange material regenerated by the regeneration water , to convert raw water containing a hardness component into soft water containing hydrogen ions . | 3 |
the present invention includes novel peptides gqdegeeneg , seq . id no : 1 grnglgantdqddqlede , seq . id no : 2 dqffdanpnlfqllepvefded , seq . id no : 3 and lvflvqqpflfvlwdqnekfpvfmgvydp seq . id no : 3 . such peptides are useful for detecting antibodies against circulating malarial antigens . in one aspect , these peptides may be copolymerized or crosslinked to form immunogens presenting epitopes of the malarial plasmodium falciparum antigen pf70 . preferably at least two of the above peptides are so crosslinked . most preferably , all four peptides are copolymerized . the crosslinking agent preferred is glutaraldehyde although , of course , other crosslinking agents such as dialdehydes of various lengths , for example , or even possibly the carbodiimides may be used . compositions of matter comprising such peptides in crosslinked or copolymerized forms are an important part of the present invention , particularly when used as immunogens . rabbits have been immunized with a composition of the four crosslinked peptides at a dose of 2 . 5 mg . an analogous dose for larger animals should , of course , produce the same response to induce immunity to malaria . the present invention also , of course , includes a method of producing an antigen usable to generate antibodies reacting with malarial organisms , plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax . the above copolymerizing methodology utilizing crosslinking agents with the peptides of choice is the method of production . | 2 |
a super high resolution rotary optical encoder having as its disk an optical disk , i . e ., a disk employing the optical principle of non - contact readout based on diffraction theory . the encoder is adapted to be coupled to a device of which it is desired to measure the rotational motion thereof . the encoder includes an optical disk having , at a fixed radial distance , at least one track of pits and lands ; a coupler for coupling the optical disk to the device such that rotary motion of the device results in a corresponding rotary motion of the optical disk ; and an optical disk pick - up for generating an output in response to the pits and lands indicative of the rotary motion of the device . | 6 |
an event - driven system that that provides scheduling and resource allocation for an internet serve . a cost - benefit model and user preferences are used to prioritize and schedule tasks . the present invention improves or optimizes a network server &# 39 ; s performance by prioritizing tasks according to their importance , cost , and the system owners desires . the tasks are scheduled and resources are allocated to the tasks in accordance with their priority . interlayer communication is used to provide a faster way to move data and to provide feedback as to the current state of a particular layer . header parsing and peeking provides a way to make decisions earlier rather than waiting for the necessary information to bubble up to a higher layer . a thin thread model is used to handle tasks . the progress of the thin threads relative to each other is monitored and controlled . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a novel pedestal toy that includes a base - supported axle which includes at least two substantially circular rotatable members rotatably fitted thereon . the substantially circular rotatable members are rotatably engaged with each other such that when the pedestal toy is operated , one substantially circular rotatable member rotates , thereby rotating the other substantially circular rotatable member . | 6 |
the invention describes pharmaceutical agents capable of crossing the blood brain barrier to protect against organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents or other electrophiles by reactivating inhibited cholinesterase and other proteins in the peripheral and central nervous system . | 2 |
a burner nozzle assembly includes : a nozzle plate having an anode off - gas nozzle at the center of the nozzle plate and a plurality of oxidation fuel nozzles surrounding the aog nozzle ; and a channel unit coupling the aog nozzle with an aog introducer to allow an aog to flow therebetween and coupling the oxidation fuel nozzles with an oxidation fuel introducer to allow an oxidation fuel to flow therebetween . | 8 |
a maintenance free battery having explosion resistant characteristics for multi - celled battery containers . a battery cover has a main body with an elongate recess therein extending across its length . within the first recess there are a plurality of vent well openings extending into the cells of the battery , and a plurality of vent plugs filling each opening which provide for the escape of gas and retard the escape of electrolyte . a recess plate fits snugly within the recess , the plate attaching to each of the vent plugs . provisions are made to insure that the ends of the plate seal off the ends of the recess to prevent the leakage of gas between the plate ends and recess end walls . | 7 |
We determine the product of the expansion rate and angular-diameter distance at redshift z =2.3 from the anisotropy of Lyman-α (Ly α ) forest correlations measured by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Our result is the most precise from large-scale structure at z >1 . Using the flat Λ cold dark matter model we determine the matter density to be Ω<SUB>m</SUB>=0.3 6<SUB>-0.04</SUB><SUP>+0.03</SUP> from Ly α alone. This is a factor of 2 tighter than baryon acoustic oscillation results from the same data due to our use of a wide range of scales (25 <r <180 h<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpc ). Using a nucleosynthesis prior, we measure the Hubble constant to be H<SUB>0</SUB>=63.2 ±2.5 km /s /Mpc . In combination with other SDSS tracers, we find H<SUB>0</SUB>=67.2 ±0.9 km /s /Mpc and measure the dark energy equation-of-state parameter to be w =-0.90 ±0.12 . Our Letter opens a new avenue for constraining cosmology at high redshift. | 9 |
a multi - protective layered film is thermally formed to the exact dimensions and topography of an automobile &# 39 ; s headlights and fog lights , protecting the headlights / fog lights from gravel hits and weathering . the multilayered film comprises an aliphatic urethane layer , an adhesive layer , and a polyethylene liner . all three layers are vacuum molded to the exact dimensions and topography of a headlight / fog light . a method for the thermal forming of the film is also disclosed . | 2 |
an implantable medical device , such as a cardiac monitor and / or pulse generator is implanted during a procedure where a biologic is introduced into a targeted area of the heart . the imd monitors cardiac performance to determine the efficacy of the biologic . based on the achieved efficacy , the imd will either take no action , provide device based therapy , and / or ablate the tissue to destroy the biologic and its effects if the biologic proves unsuccessful . | 0 |
an information storage system includes one or more information update terminals , a mapper , one or more partial - databases , and one or more query terminals , exchanging messages over a set of communication channels . an identifier - mapping mechanism provides a method for delegating control over retrieval of the data stored at the partial - databases to one or more mappers , typically operated by one or more trusted third parties . update terminals supply information , that is stored in fragmented form by the partial - databases . data - fragment identifiers and pseudonyms are introduced , preventing unauthorized de - fragmentation of information -- thus providing compliance to privacy legislation -- while at the same time allowing query terminals to retrieve the stored data or learn properties of the stored data . the mapper is necessarily involved in both operations , allowing data access policies to be enforced and potential abuse of stored information to be reduced . introduction of multiple mappers acts to distribute information retrieval control among multiple trusted third parties . introducing so - called ` groupers ` increases the efficiency of data retrieval for a common set of queries and further reduces potential abuse of information . | 8 |
ski boot comprising a shell with overlapping flaps and improved watertightness . an elastically deformable tab is in fact provided on the lateral edge of at least one of the flaps and is partially or fully folded toward the other flap . this allows optimum tightness when the shell is secured and equally optimum tightness while walking , once sports activity has ended . | 0 |
Context. Globular clusters (GCs) are witnesses of the past accretion events onto the Milky Way. In particular, the GCs of the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf galaxy are important probes of an on-going merger. <BR /> Aims: Our main goal is to search for new GC members of this dwarf galaxy using the VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea Extended Survey (VVVX) near-infrared database combined with the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) optical database. <BR /> Methods: We investigated all VVVX-enabled discoveries of GC candidates in a region covering about 180 sq. deg. toward the bulge and the Sgr dwarf galaxy. We used multiband point-spread function photometry to obtain deep color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and luminosity functions (LFs) for all GC candidates, complemented by accurate Gaia-EDR3 proper motions (PMs) to select Sgr members and variability information to select RR Lyrae which are potential GC members. <BR /> Results: After applying a strict PM cut to discard foreground bulge and disk stars, the CMDs and LFs for some of the GC candidates exhibit well defined red giant branches and red clump giant star peaks. We selected the best Sgr GCs, estimating their distances, reddenings, and associated RR Lyrae. <BR /> Conclusions: We discover 12 new Sgr GC members, more than doubling the number of GCs known in this dwarf galaxy. In addition, there are 11 other GC candidates identified that are uncertain, awaiting better data for confirmation. | 9 |
the invention relates to a silicate compound having at least one alkaline oxide and silicon dioxide - containing amorphous binder matrix and also containing oxides from the aluminum , calcium , titanium , magnesium , zirconium , and / or boric oxide group . to provide a silicate compound which is suitable for both making a moulding and coating a substrate , resistant to effects like weathering , especially through alternate frost and thaw , and attack by acids , lyes or fouling , it is proposed that the amorphous binder matrix contain 4 to 25 mol silicon dioxide per mol alkaline oxide , the alkaline oxide being lithium , sodium , and / or potassium oxide and the amorphous binder matrix also contains up to 80 mol aluminum oxide and / or up to 45 mol calcium , titanium , magnesium , zirconium , and / or boric oxide evenly distributed per 100 mol silicon dioxide . | 2 |
a single stage differential amplifier is disclosed as comprising a pair of vacuum tube triodes for amplifying two input signals and generating two output signals . the differential amplifier has dc self - biasing ability and grid - to - cathode over - voltage protection for directly coupling from the outputs of another differential amplifier . by possessing these unique features , this differential amplifier becomes an important building block in forming a balanced amplifier by cascading multi differential amplifiers in a directly coupled fashion . | 7 |
a method of communicating speech across a communication link using very low digital data bandwidth is disclosed , having the steps of : translating speech into text at a source terminal ; communicating the text across the communication link to a destination terminal ; and translating the text into reproduced speech at the destination terminal . in a preferred embodiment , a speech profile corresponding to the speaker is used to reproduce the speech at the destination terminal so that the reproduced speech more closely approximates the original speech of the speaker . a default voice profile is used to recreate speech when a user profile is unavailable . user specific profiles can be created during training prior to communication or can be created during communication from actual speech . the user profiles can be updated to improve accuracy of recognition and to enhance reproduction of speech . the updated user profiles are transmitted to the destination terminals as needed . | 7 |
a power device structure which is formed of two merged device structures : an fet control device is located in a surface layer of narrower - bandgap material , and a blocking device which provides high - voltage - withstand capability is located deeper in the device , in a substrate of wider - bandgap material . | 8 |
Clouds are an integral part of planetary atmospheres, with most planets hosting clouds. Understanding not only the formation, but also the composition of clouds, is crucial to understand future observations. As observations of the planet's surface will remain very difficult, it is essential to link the observable high atmosphere gas and cloud composition to the surface conditions. We present a fast and simple chemical equilibrium model for the troposphere of rocky exoplanets, which is in chemical and phase equilibrium with the crust. The hydrostatic equilibrium atmosphere is built from bottom to top. In each atmospheric layer, chemical equilibrium is solved and all thermally stable condensates are removed, depleting the atmosphere above in the effected elements. These removed condensates build an upper limit for cloud formation and can be separated into high and low temperature condensates. The most important cloud condensates for 1000 K ≳ T<SUB>gas</SUB> ≳ 400 K are KCl[s], NaCl[s], FeS[s], FeS<SUB>2</SUB>[s], FeO[s], Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>[s], and Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>[s]. For T<SUB>gas</SUB> ≲ 400 K H<SUB>2</SUB>O[l,s], C[s], NH<SUB>3</SUB>[s], NH<SUB>4</SUB>Cl[s], and NH<SUB>4</SUB>SH[s] are thermally stable, while for even lower temperatures of T<SUB>gas</SUB> ≲ 150 K CO<SUB>2</SUB>[s], CH<SUB>4</SUB>[s], NH<SUB>3</SUB>[s], and H<SUB>2</SUB>S[s] become stable. The inclusion of clouds with trace abundances results in the thermal stability of a total of 72 condensates for atmospheres with different surface conditions (300 K ≤ T<SUB>surf</SUB> ≤ 1000 K and p<SUB>surf</SUB> = 1 bar, 100 bar). The different cloud condensates are not independent of each other, but follow sequences of condensation, which are robust against changes in crust composition, surface pressure, and surface temperature. Independent of the existence of water as a crust condensate, H<SUB>2</SUB>O[l,s] is a thermally stable cloud condensate for all investigated elemental abundances. However, the water cloud base depends on the hydration level of the crust. Therefore, the detection of water condensates alone does not necessarily imply stable water on the surface, even if the temperature could allow for water condensation. | 9 |
a scalable wave division multiplexing optical ip switching method and system are disclosed for switching data packet payloads in the optical domain . the method comprises the steps of : receiving , at an optical switch , one or more optical signals comprising a plurality of optical data packets , wherein each data packet has a payload and header information and wherein each input fiber has at least one input wavelength ; extracting the header information from each of the plurality of data packets ; converting the header information for each of the plurality of data packets from an optical format to an electrical format ; processing the header information for each of the plurality of data packets at a control unit to generate control signals to control data packet payload routing through the optical switch ; routing the payload from each data packet through the optical switch to at least one desired switch output ; converting the header information for each data packet back to an optical format ; and recombining the payload and header information for each data packet for transmission on one or more output fibers from the desired switch output . | 7 |
electromagnetic pump for electrically - conductor fluid containing an external pipe enveloped by magnetic half - yokes containing slots in which half - coils are installed forming two polyphase half - windings permitting a symmetry plane . the fluid is contained in a duct comprised between the external pipe and an internal pipe which is closed and contains a magnetic core . the duct is provided with partitions which separate the duct into two active half - ducts in which the fluid flows and two passive streams in the vicinity of the joint plane in which the fluid scarcely flows at all . pump with a high degree of efficiency and easy to dismantle . | 7 |
gas projection device that can take many external forms that simulate military munitions being exploded and that contain features that enhance the sound of the explosion and the appearance of smoke and attendant percussion . such device can be controlled by many different means including electronic remote control . | 5 |
a bowtie that looks like a butterfly with opened wings which a person can wear on the front of one &# 39 ; s neck in the manner that one normally wears a bowtie . | 0 |
a method and system for designing a plurality of correlated stochastic screens or conjugate screen portions intended for use in color halftoning of a corresponding plurality of color separations . a merit function is associated with each screen or screen portion . the merit function represents a measure of the desirability of the screen , particularly with regard to maximizing ink dispersion and optimizing spatial frequency response . an additional merit function value is associated with a combination of the screens and screen portions . additional merit function represents a measure of desirability of the screen combination with regard to ink dispersion and combined spatial frequency response . the merit functions are iteratively applied to possible screens until an optimized merit value is calculated . the screens are selected that correspond to the optimized merit value . the image is generated using the selected screens in a conventional color halftoning process with a plurality of color separations . | 7 |
a method to create piezoresistive sensing elements and electrostatic actuator elements on trench sidewalls is disclosed . p - type doped regions are formed in the upper surface of an n - type substrate . a trench is formed in the substrate intersecting with the doped regions and defining a portion of the substrate which is movable in the plane of the substrate relative to the rest of the substrate . then diffusion of p - type dopant into the trench side - walls creates piezoresistive elements and electrode elements for electrostatic actuation . owing to the intersection of two doped regions , there are good electrical paths between the electrical elements on the trench side - walls and the previously p - type doped portions on the wafer surface . the trench intersects with insulating elements , so that insulating elements mutually insulate adjacent electrical elements . p - n junctions between the electrical elements and the substrate insulate the electrical elements from the substrate . | 1 |
the present invention is a device and method for gaining access , quickly and inexpensively , to a body cavity for the purpose of inserting into the cavity a medical device , such as a chest tube . the device generally comprises a catheter and a cannula insertable into the catheter during an insertion procedure . the cannula has a cutting tip that extends beyond one end of the catheter . the cutting tip enables simple insertion of the device into the body without requiring substantial pushing force . once the device is inserted in the body , the cannula is removed , leaving a path of entry into the body cavity , while removing the sharp cutting tip from the area to reduce the likelihood of injury to a patient in whom the device is inserted . | 0 |
an automatic signaling device for a vehicle which automatically initiates a warning signal to pedestrians and to other vehicles in connection with lane changes and upon turns . the present invention is activated and de - activated automatically providing significant safety advantages for all of those using the roads and highways . | 1 |
The merging black hole (BH) binaries GW190412, GW190814, and GW190521 from the third LIGO/VIRGO observing run exhibit some extraordinary properties, including highly asymmetric masses, significant spin, and component mass in the 'mass gap'. These features can be explained if one or both components of the binary are the remnants of previous mergers. In this paper, we explore hierarchical mergers in multiple stellar systems, taking into account the natal kick and mass-loss due to the supernova explosion (SN) on each component, as well as the merger kick received by the merger remnant. The binaries that have survived the SNe and kicks generally have too wide orbital separations to merge by themselves, but can merge with the aid of an external companion that gives rise to Lidov-Kozai oscillations. The BH binaries that consist of second-generation BHs can also be assembled in dense star clusters through binary interactions. We characterize the parameter space of these BH binaries by merger fractions in an analytical approach. Combining the distributions of the survived binaries, we further constrain the parameters of the external companion, using the analytically formulated tertiary perturbation strength. We find that to produce the three LIGO/VIRGO O3 events, the external companions must be at least a few hundreds M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and fall in the intermediate-mass BH and supermassive BH range. We suggest that GW190412, GW190814, and GW190521 could all be produced via hierarchical mergers in multiples, likely in a nuclear star cluster, with the final merger induced by a massive BH. | 9 |
The search for exomoons in time-domain photometric data has to-date generally consisted of fitting transit models that are comprised of a planet hosting a single moon. This simple model has its advantages, but it may not be particularly representative, as most of the major moons in our Solar system are found in multimoon satellite systems. It is critical that we investigate, then, the impact of applying a single-moon model to systems containing multiple moons, as there is the possibility that utilizing an inaccurate or incomplete model could lead to erroneous conclusions about the system. To that end, in this work we produce a variety of realistic multimoon light curves, perform standard single-moon model selection, and analyse the impacts that this model choice may have on the search for exomoons. We find that the number of moons in a system fit with a single-moon model generally has little impact on whether we find evidence for a moon in that system, and other system attributes are individually not especially predictive. However, the model parameter solutions for the moon frequently do not match any real moon in the system, instead painting a picture of a 'phantom' moon. We find no evidence that multimoon systems yield corresponding multimodal posteriors. We also find a systematic tendency to overestimate planetary impact parameter and eccentricity, to derive unphysical moon densities, and to infer potentially unphysical limb darkening coefficients. These results will be important to keep in mind in future exomoon search programmes. | 9 |
We present results on the recently discovered stellar system YMCA-1, for which physical nature and belonging to any of the Magellanic System galaxies have been irresolutely analysed. We used SMASH and Gaia Early Data Release 3 data sets to conclude that we are dealing with a small star cluster. Its reddening-free, field star decontaminated colour-magnitude diagram was explored in order to obtain the cluster parameters. We found that YMCA-1 is a small (435 ${\rm \, M_\odot }$), moderately old (age = 9.6 Gyr), moderately metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -1.16 dex) star cluster, located at a nearly Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) distance (60.9 kpc) from the Sun, at ~17.1 kpc to the east from the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) centre. The derived cluster brightness and size would seem to suggest some resemblance to the recently discovered faint star clusters in the Milky Way (MW) outer halo, although it does not match their age-metallicity relationship, nor those of MW globular clusters formed in situ or ex situ, nor that of LMC clusters either, but is in agreement with that of SMC old star clusters. We performed numerical Monte Carlo simulations integrating its orbital motion backwards in the MW-LMC-SMC system with radially extended dark matter haloes that experience dynamical friction, and by exploring different radial velocity (RV) regimes for YMCA-1. For RVs ≳ 300 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>, the cluster remains bound to the LMC during the last 500 Myr. The detailed tracked kinematic of YMCA-1 suggests that it could have been stripped by the LMC from the SMC during any of the close interactions between both galaxies, a scenario previously predicted by numerical simulations. | 9 |
a lift mechanism for implements such as tool bar frames used with field cultivators and chisel plows includes means for eliminating torsional loading on the axle support and react vehicle loads through a three bar mechanism back to the frame . all structural members carrying loads are therefore stressed in compression or tension . | 0 |
a structural part for a motor vehicle includes an inner component having a generally rectangular cross section and configured in the form of a multichamber hollow section made of light metal , and an outer component having a generally rectangular cross section . the inner and outer components are movable in a telescoping manner relative to one another between an idle state and an activated state . a first locking mechanism is provided to lock the idle state and a second locking mechanism is provided to lock the activated state . the movement of the inner and outer components from the idle state to the activated state is hereby realized by an actuator . | 5 |
a high voltage power supply includes a current source that provides a continuous current signal , and a switching circuit that includes a plurality of switching elements . the switching circuit is responsive to the continuous current signal , and provides an alternating current signal . the power supply also includes a multiplier - rectifier circuit with at least one loading inductor , and having an input responsive to said alternating current signal to provide a rectified output signal . the switching circuit may be configured and arranged as an h - bridge circuit . the input of the multiplier - rectifier circuit is short circuited every half cycle of the alternating current signal during the transition from positive to negative current flow . | 7 |
a battery tester device for measuring remaining battery life in a battery is provided . the battery tester device comprises a length of wire having a first end , a second end , and a middle portion . a light bulb holding mechanism is formed in the second end of the wire . a light bulb is releasably securable within the light bulb holding mechanism with the light bulb electrically connected to the light bulb holding mechanism . upon insertion of the battery between the first end and the second end of the wire , the light bulb illuminates to indicate the remaining battery life . | 6 |
a method and apparatus generates kinetic and electrical energy using sound waves and is believed to be particularly useful in high efficiency motors and electrical generators . in particular , the method and apparatus uses sound waves as a catalyst to convert ambient heat energy into kinetic and / or electrical energy . in one embodiment , sound waves at particular frequencies are propagated across one side of a plate or other barrier element , causing flow of fluid across the surface of the plate which , in turn , causes a reduction in the ambient fluid pressure near the surface of the plate . the difference in fluid pressure on opposite sides of the plate results in net positive thrust on the plate , thereby causing movement of the plate . this movement can be harnessed using , for example , a windmill type of rotor and stator arrangement to generate useful kinetic and electrical energy . | 7 |
an implantable electrode array assembly configured to stimulate tissue of a recipient , including an elongate member configured to be inserted into a recipient , wherein at least a portion of the elongate member includes a bio - active substance . | 0 |
a miniaturized electrical system comprises a number of electrical devices interconnected by conductive tape . the electrical devices and metal foil conductors are electrically connected in the system directly or indirectly to the metal foil conductors of the conductive tape and the entire system may be adhesively secured to the surfaces of a miniature device such as a doll house with the metal foil conductors fully covered and protected and adapted to be painted over so as not to be discernible . brads are used to penetrate the conductive foils either to enhance the electrical connection between directly contacted foils or to establish electrical connection between foils separated by an adhesive strip . the kit of electrical devices and conductive tape features a miniaturized wall outlet which is physically secured to and electrically connected with the conductive tape by brads . | 7 |
an anchoring system for a perforating gun is disclosed which supports the gun from above . the anchor can be run in with conventional tools and is settable in the wellbore by pressurizing the wellbore . upon increasing pressure in the wellbore , the anchor sets the position of the gun by extending slips into the casing or wellbore . a running tool is disclosed which , upon further increase in pressure , disengages the running tool from the anchor . in the preferred embodiment , a detonating mechanism is lowered into the anchor by a slick line and the slick line is removed . thereafter , further increase in the wellbore pressure sets off the detonator which shoots the gun . the pressure developed from setting off the detonator is the force that releases the slips from the casing or wellbore allowing the entire assembly to drop to the bottom of the wellbore after the gun is fired . the invention also discloses a method and apparatus for manually releasing the anchor and allowing the gun and anchor assembly to drop to the bottom of the wellbore if , for some reason , the gun and anchor assembly have not earlier dropped during the firing of the gun , or if the gun has misfired . in an alternative embodiment , the gun is held to the anchor so that subsequent to firing it does not drop . in this embodiment , a retrieval tool is used to release the slips allowing retrieval of the anchor and gun assembly . | 4 |
Context. The size of a galaxy encapsulates the signature of the different physical processes driving its evolution. The distribution of galaxy sizes in the Universe as a function of cosmic time is therefore a key to understand galaxy evolution. <BR /> Aims: We aim to measure the average sizes and size distributions of galaxies as they are assembling before the peak in the comoving star formation rate density of the Universe to better understand the evolution of galaxies across cosmic time. <BR /> Methods: We used a sample of ~1200 galaxies in the COSMOS and ECDFS fields with confirmed spectroscopic redshifts 2 ≤ z<SUB>spec</SUB> ≤ 4.5 in the VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey (VUDS), representative of star-forming galaxies with I<SUB>AB</SUB> ≤ 25. We first derived galaxy sizes by applying a classical parametric profile-fitting method using GALFIT. We then measured the total pixel area covered by a galaxy above a given surface brightness threshold, which overcomes the difficulty of measuring sizes of galaxies with irregular shapes. We then compared the results obtained for the equivalent circularized radius enclosing 100% of the measured galaxy light r<SUP>100</SUP><SUB>T</SUB> ~2.2 to those obtained with the effective radius r<SUB>e,circ</SUB> measured with GALFIT. <BR /> Results: We find that the sizes of galaxies computed with our non-parametric approach span a wide range but remain roughly constant on average with a median value r<SUP>100</SUP><SUB>T</SUB> ~2.2 kpc for galaxies with 2 <z< 4.5. This is in stark contrast with the strong downward evolution of r<SUB>e</SUB> with increasing redshift, down to sizes of <1 kpc at z ~ 4.5. We analyze the difference and find that parametric fitting of complex, asymmetric, multicomponent galaxies is severely underestimating their sizes. By comparing r<SUP>100</SUP><SUB>T</SUB> with physical parameters obtained through fitting the spectral energy distribution we find that the star-forming galaxies that are the largest at any redshift are, on average, more massive and form more stars. We discover that galaxies present more concentrated light profiles with increasing redshifts. We interpret these results as the signature of several, possibly different, evolutionary paths of galaxies in their early stages of assembly, including major and minor merging or star formation in multiple bright regions. <P />Based on data obtained with the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope, Paranal, Chile, under Large Program 185.A-0791. | 9 |
radio telephone apparatus for use in a cellular mobile telephone system comprises means for alarming at least a user operating the apparatus in response to a drop in signal strength of radio frequency signals received over an established communication channel when the apparatus approaches a boundary of service area in a cellular mobile telephone system . the signal strength is repetitively checked to determine if it has fallen below a first predetermined signal strength value . when the signal strength falls to or below a second predetermined signal strength value , the radio telephone apparatus causes a disconnection of the telephone link and returns the apparatus to a standby mode . | 8 |
defects in the sealings of closures are located and measured by rotating the sealed closure and directing a light beam to the sealed area . the light beam reflected from the sealing mass is compared to a prespecified rated value and any deviation resulting from the comparison results in actuation of an ejecting device for ejecting the defective closure from the testing station . | 1 |
a method and device for determining an optimal size of an intervertebral implant to be inserted within an intervertebral space between two vertebrae in a patient , comprising inserting a distractor into the intervertebral space . the vertebral endplate depth is measured by moving a posterior rod on the distractor longitudinally to a position at the posterior margin of the vertebral endplate and moving an anterior rod on the distractor to a position at the anterior margin of the vertebral endplate . the force applied during distraction is measured using at least one transducer mounted on the distractor and the intervertebral space is distracted by rotating the posterior and anterior rods on the distractor until the measured force reaches a predetermined value . the posterior height of the intervertebral space is measured based on the amount that the posterior rod is rotated and the anterior height of the intervertebral space is measured based on the amount that the anterior rod is rotated . the intervertebral angle is measured based on the angular orientation of two pivotally connected handles on the distractor . | 0 |
the present disclosure replaces a standard electric utility meter with a meter having a signal sensor , signal generator , and processor platform to stimulate broad software and firmware development innovation . the utility can then select the ‘ application ’ that best suits their analysis needs . the meter platform consists of 3 layers : physical interfaces , pre - processing resources , and applications processing & amp ; database . the physical interfaces include voltage , current , and load sensors , radio and plc communications , optical , and power control for advanced outage management . the increased processing capabilities combined with signal and data processing allow for true distributed intelligence in the smart grid . the physical layer , pre - processing dsp and firmware form open apis for third party developers . | 8 |
a method of fabricating an aluminum nitride substrate , wherein the substrate is obtained by spraying a powder onto a support at a high temperature and at a high speed , the powder including aln grains covered with a layer of an oxide precursor chosen from oxide precursors yielding an oxide forming a liquid phase around the aln grains during spraying . | 2 |
the present invention relates to a computerized method and respective system for servicing a request for a networked data transfer from a client system , which is able to be serviced on a particular server system being a member of a plurality of server systems dedicated to service said client requests , in which the server systems are connected via a network and share information about a plurality of client systems , and in which the service is known to consume some non - negligible network bandwidth . in order to balance required bandwidth peaks and to improve user comfort , it is proposed to establish an inter - server communication , which determines the best suited server for providing the service , reflecting pre - collected client history data , favorite service provision times , etc . the method can be applied primarily for backup of data from distributed client systems , or for improving print services . | 7 |
a table contains codes for consecutive decimally numbered pages and pages whose numbers contain hexadecimal digits . codes for all the pages having decimal units numbers are arranged in rows and columns such that a column contains codes for pages having a same units number , and codes for pages having a same tens number are in the same row . codes for pages having a hexadecimal units number are arranged in a continuation of the rows and columns , hexadecimal units being arranged in the columns under the corresponding decimal units . | 7 |
generally , methods and apparatus are provided for idle cycle refresh request in a dynamic random access memory . according to one aspect of the invention , a dynamic random access memory is refreshed by determining if a refresh of the dynamic random access memory is required ; and allocating an idle cycle sequence to refresh at least a portion of the dynamic random access memory only if the determining step determines that a refresh of the dynamic random access memory is required . a refresh flag can optionally be set if a refresh is required . the idle cycle sequence comprises one or more idle cycles . the idle cycle sequence can optionally be allocated within a predefined duration of the refresh flag being set . the step of determining step whether a refresh of the dynamic random access memory is required can be based on real - time or expected conditions . | 6 |
a method is disclosed for operating a mobile device for projecting image data . at least one variable representing the current projection environment is determined by a first light source at least once during a current projection phase . at least one parameter of the current projection phase is adapted on the basis of the determined variable . a mobile projector device operating the disclosed method is also described herein . | 7 |
a method for the manufacturing of an absorbent structure in an absorbent article , such as a sanitary napkin , tampon , panty protector , wound or sore dressing and like articles is produced by using absorbent material in roll form directly in the product without first defibrating the material and then forming a mat . the material possesses good dispersion properties and swelling properties , which are meaningful to the function of the product . a high surface dryness is obtained , among other things . in addition to cellulose fibers , the absorbent structure may also include superabsorbent material and / or binding fibers , among other ingredients . the pulp mat is very thin , therewith obviating the need to compress the mat further in the product . in the case of certain product applications , the material is softened mechanically prior to its use as an absorbent material . | 3 |
a cartridge magazine including a spiral channel having a tangential linearxit section , a plurality of spider arms dividing the cartridges into groups of cartridges and having a plurality of indentures in their radial faces , and a drive means mounted external to the magazine for driving said arms . the spiral is a perfect archimedian spiral and the indentures on an arm number one less than the number of cartridges in a group and are displaced radially by the diameter of a cartridge . | 5 |
Core helium-burning red clump (RC) stars are excellent standard candles in the Milky Way. These stars may have more precise distance estimates from spectrophotometry than from Gaia parallaxes beyond 3 kpc. However, RC stars have values of T <SUB>eff</SUB> and {log}g that are very similar to some red giant branch (RGB) stars. Especially for low-resolution spectroscopic studies where T <SUB>eff</SUB>, {log}g, and [Fe/H] can only be estimated with limited precision, separating RC stars from RGB through established methods can incur ∼20% contamination. Recently, Hawkins et al. demonstrated that the additional information in single-epoch spectra, such as the C/N ratio, can be exploited to cleanly differentiate RC and RGB stars. In this second paper of the series, we establish a data-driven mapping from spectral flux space to independently determined asteroseismic parameters, the frequency and the period spacing. From this, we identify 210,371 RC stars from the publicly available LAMOST DR3 and APOGEE DR14 data, with ∼9% of contamination. We provide an RC sample of 92249 stars with a contamination of only ∼3%, by restricting the combined analysis to LAMOST stars with S/N<SUB>pix</SUB> ≥ 75. This demonstrates that high-signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), low-resolution spectra covering a broad wavelength range can identify RC samples at least as pristine as their high-resolution counterparts. As coming and ongoing surveys such as TESS, DESI, and LAMOST will continue to improve the overlapping training spectroscopic-asteroseismic sample, the method presented in this study provides an efficient and straightforward way to derive a vast yet pristine sample of RC stars to reveal the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the Milky Way. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a method for facilitating monitoring , in the course of time , of the evolution of an underground zone by compared analysis of a certain number n of seismic record sets obtained respectively after n successive 3d seismic surveys . the method comprises using a pattern recognition technique applied to all of the seismic events of the n surveys considered and analysed simultaneously , which allows to show the evolutions of the seismic events in the subsoil . application : monitoring of changes occurring in a reservoir zone of the subsoil during production for example . | 6 |
an elevating scraper having a four - wheeled tandem running gear . the elevator is divided into parallel loading paths to accommodate a drive line between the paths . thus the scraper is particularly suited for towing by a tractor having a power takeoff at the rear . the construction also features a knock - down assembly for minimum utilization of shipping space . | 4 |
in color image communication between different kinds of apparatuses , an output image which accurately reproduces a transmitted original image is obtained by individually providing color correction units in apparatuses at the transmitting side and the receiving side and by obtaining color correction parameters in accordance with a predetermined or standard color image . | 7 |
Milestoning tool | 9 |
the invention disclosed is a method and apparatus for propagating database tables while preserving foreign key integrity . the invention comprises an improved method of storing subscription sets that enables a user to assign a rank to a subscription set and to each member of the set , and an improved database propagation program that uses the ranks to determine the order in which to propagate database tables . in the preferred embodiment , subscription sets are stored in a subscription table and subscription members are stored in a member table . the preferred embodiment database propagation program further comprises a capture program and an apply program , wherein capture monitors a database for changes and apply propagates data from member tables in the subscription sets . | 6 |
a portable levee system includes a bag having a preselected geometric shape . the bag is continuous in that it has a length at least equal to its width , and is preferably many times as long . a top portion of the bag is open for receiving fill material . a preferred geometric shape is a trapezoid . the bag is removably mounted to a dispenser and the dispenser dispenses the bag from a rear portion of the dispenser . a preferred dispenser is towed behind a tractor or truck and the bag is filled within the dispenser and deposited onto the ground . a method of providing a portable levee is taught wherein a levee is created in a fraction of the time required to build an equivalently - sized levee utilizing current emergency levee construction systems . | 8 |
the object of the invention is to accomplish surface treatment such as cleaning , etching or after - treatment of parts or semi - processed articles for the manufacture of industrial or medical products without raising the problem of environmental pollution and without damaging or contaminating the treated articles . water is electrolyzed in a tank which is partitioned by a porous membrane into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber to prepare a fresh anodic water containing h + ion in the anode chamber and a fresh cathodic water containing oh - ion in the cathode chamber . the fresh anodic water and the fresh cathodic water are separately discharged from the electrolysis tank , and selected one of the anodic water and the cathodic water is brought into contact with the object of wet treatment . the efficiency of electrolysis of water can be enhanced by adding a small amount of an electrolysis aid such as carbon dioxide gas or ammonium acetate to water and / or by irradiating water under electrolysis with an electromagnetic wave having an wavelength not longer than 400 nm or not shorter than 3000 nm . | 2 |
a metal - infiltrated polycrystalline diamond composite tool comprising a plurality of diamond grains forming a continuous polycrystalline diamond matrix , a metallic phase being substantially palladium - free and contiguous to the continuous polycrystalline diamond matrix , wherein the metallic phase interpenetrates the continuous polycrystalline diamond matrix and substantially wets an outer surface of the continuous polycrystalline diamond matrix ; and a working surface . the metallic phase is formed from an infiltrant and a wetting - enhancement layer disposed on the outer surfaces of the diamond particles , with both the infiltrant and wetting - enhancement layer being substantially palladium - free and comprising at least one metal from the group consisting of cobalt , iron , and nickel . the invention also includes a preform for a metal - infiltrated polycrystalline diamond composite tool , the perform comprising a container , a metallic infiltrant source , and a plurality of coated diamonds , each coated with a wetting - enhancement layer and , optionally , an activation layer , both of which are substantially palladium - free . methods of forming the metal - infiltrated polycrystalline diamond composite tool , the preform , and the coated diamond particles used in the tool are also disclosed . | 8 |
a toilet seat is includes a core with a centrally located aperture disposed therein , sized for receiving and supporting a weight of a human in a seated position for use as a toilet seat . the core is made of a solid material . a cover is affixed to the core at bottom edges of the core forming a gap between the cover and the top surface of the core , between the cover and the side surface of the core , and between the cover and the inside surface of the core . gel is disposed in the gap , thereby providing a cushioned interface between the core and the human situated upon the cover . | 0 |
a lift and drag - based vertical axis wind turbine in which the vertical axis and foils mounted thereon are magnetically levitated above the turbine &# 39 ; s base , thereby reducing friction within the system . the foils or vanes are three - dimensionally shaped about the vertical axis so as to resemble the billowed sail of a sailing ship and capture wind through 360 degrees of rotation under any wind condition . the system has an axial flux alternator using variable resistance coils which can be individually and selectively turned on or off depending on wind conditions and electrical draw requirements . the coils can also be used to produce mechanical drag on the system as desired to brake the turbine in high wind conditions or for maintenance . the system may be programmed to assess whether electricity generated by the system can be or should be transmitted to a public grid or stored locally on a chargeable battery system . | 5 |
We present a new method to accurately describe the ionization fraction and the size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) within astrophysical sources. To this purpose, we have computed the mid-infrared emission spectra of 308 PAH molecules of varying sizes, symmetries, and compactness, generated in a range of radiation fields. We show that the intensity ratio of the solo CH out-of-plane bending mode in PAH cations and anions (referred to as the '11.0' μm band, falling in the 11.0-11.3 μm region for cations and anions) to their 3.3 μm emission scales with PAH size, similarly to the scaling of the 11.2/3.3 ratio with the number of carbon atoms (N<SUB>C</SUB>) for neutral molecules. Among the different PAH emission bands, it is the 3.3 μm band intensity that has the strongest correlation with N<SUB>C</SUB>, and drives the reported PAH intensity ratio correlations with N<SUB>C</SUB> for both neutral and ionized PAHs. The 6.2/7.7 intensity ratio, previously adopted to track PAH size, shows no evident scaling with N<SUB>C</SUB> in our large sample. We define a new diagnostic grid space to probe PAH charge and size, using the (11.2 + 11.0)/7.7 and (11.2 + 11.0)/3.3 PAH intensity ratios, respectively. We demonstrate the application of the (11.2 + 11.0)/7.7-(11.2 + 11.0)/3.3 diagnostic grid for galaxies M82 and NGC 253, for the planetary nebula NGC 7027, and the reflection nebulae NGC 2023 and NGC 7023. Finally, we provide quantitative relations for PAH size determination depending on the ionization fraction of the PAHs and the radiation field they are exposed to. | 9 |
an analogue display with a panel having an electro - optic medium contained between two sets of electrodes . one set is arranged in a plurality of segments each divided into inner and outer portions . each portion is planar and has a plurality of digits . the digits of one portion are interposed alternate with , and in between , the digits of the other . the other set has a planar meander configuration modified by an electrode interposed in its folds . the sets of electrodes when registered one over the other define two subsets of different selectable index positions . selected alternating voltages are applied simultaneously to the electrodes maintaining the panel on at two selected index positions and off elsewhere a dial shaped display area which is other than circular or arcuate , e . g . preferably the voltages are selected from the set of rms magnitudes where v c is equal to the threshold voltage of the panel . the panel may contain liquid crystal material , as medium , to perform as a dyed phase change , or twisted nematic effect device . | 6 |
the present invention is concerned with a novel bioherbicide , and composition thereof for the control of broadleaf weeds in lawns , golf courses , parks , sports fields , other turfed areas , and grass crops such as corn and cereal grains . more specifically , the invention is concerned with a novel isolate sclerotinia minor imi 344141 , agricultural formulations thereof , and its use as a bioherbicide to control troublesome broadleaf weed species . | 0 |
a system and process for the removal of divalent ions from a meg - water stream are presented . the system includes a chemical treatment tank that receives the meg - water stream , means for precipitating the calcium , magnesium , and hydroxide ions that are contained in the meg - water stream , means for discharging the meg - water stream from the chemical treatment tank , and means for recycling the discharged meg - water stream back to the chemical treatment tank or routing it to a solids removal system . the means for precipitating the calcium , magnesium , and sulfate ions may be employed simultaneously or sequentially . | 1 |
a belt package for a pneumatic vehicle tire has at least two belt plies . the belt plies are built up in at least two sub - packages , which are automatically placed on a belt drum and automatically spliced independently of one another . the sub - packages are then joined together to form the complete belt package . | 8 |
systems and methods for imaging an imprinted substrate on a printing press is provided . one method comprises sensing light reflected by the substrate using a contact image sensor to produce data representative of the imprinted substrate . the substrate has been imprinted with different colors at a plurality of printing units of the printing press . each printing unit comprises a plate cylinder . the data representative of the imprinted substrate is output by the contact image sensor as analog voltage signals . the method further comprises receiving the analog voltage signals from the contact image sensor at a sensor interface circuit and converting the analog voltage signals to digital signals using an analog - to - digital converter of the sensor interface circuit . the method further comprises processing the digital signals using the sensor interface circuit to produce corrected digital signals and storing data based on the corrected digital signals in a memory . | 1 |
a method of forming a resistive memory cell , e . g ., cbram or reram , includes forming a bottom electrode layer , forming an oxide region of an exposed area of the bottom electrode , removing a region of the bottom electrode layer proximate the oxide region to form a bottom electrode having a pointed tip or edge region . an electrically insulating mini - spacer region is formed adjacent the bottom electrode , and an electrolyte region and top electrode are formed over the bottom electrode and mini - spacer element to define a memory element . the memory element defines a conductive filament / vacancy chain path from the bottom electrode pointed tip region to the top electrode via the electrolyte region . the mini - spacer elements decreases the effective area , or “ confinement zone ,” for the conductive filament / vacancy chain path , which may improve the device characteristics , and may provide an improvement over techniques that rely on enhanced electric field forces . | 7 |
Caserel is an open-source software suite for computer-aided segmentation of retinal layers in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images written in Matlab. The software supports segmentation of 6 retinal layers by automatically delineating 7 boundaries (ILM, NFL/GCL, IPL/INL, INL/OPL, OPL/ONL, IS/OS,RPE) from OCT images. An image browser/editor is provided for manual and semi-automated correction of the segmented retinal boundaries. For a quick demonstration, please run script 'getRetinalLayersExample.m'. | 9 |
circuitry and methods allow selected memory word lines to be deactivated without using a global deactivate signal . all active wls do not therefore have to be deactivated simultaneously , which can cause voltage at a common deactivate node to rise undesirably . this undesirable voltage rise can adversely affect a system by , for example , inadvertently activating an inactive wl . the invention advantageously limits the voltage fluctuation at the common deactivate node . | 6 |
a memory test control circuit in an mml integrated circuit is connected to a first pad which receives memory control signals to control first and second memories of the mml circuit . the memory test control circuit is also connected to a second pad which receives memory data signals for the first and second memories . the memory test control circuit is also connected to the logic block and to the first and second memories . the memory test control circuit transmits the memory control signals and the memory data signals to the first and second memories when the first and second memories are tested and transmits the memory control signals and the memory data signals to the logic block during normal operation of the mml integrated circuit . accordingly , the memory test control circuit allows pass - through of memory data and control signals directly to the memory blocks during test mode , and provides the memory data and control signals to the logic block during normal operations . | 6 |
a photographic copying machine wherein each of the three color filters comprises several triangular sectors which are pivotable about parallel axes into and from the path of copying light between first positions outside of the path , second positions of full overlap with the path and a finite or infinite number of intermediate positions . the pulleys for the sectors of each filter are rotatable by a discrete endless cord or cable which is further trained over a wheel receiving torque from a crank drive designed to move the sectors into the path of the light beam through progressively greater angles during movement from the second toward the first positions and through progressively smaller angles during movement from the first to the second positions under the action of a reversible stepping motor so that the crank drive can compensate for the lack of linearity between the filtering action of the sectors and the extent to which they project into the path of copying light . a device is provided to limit the extent of movement of sectors from the first toward the second positions so as to ensure that the movement of the sectors is terminated when the respective filter extends across a selected portion of the path for the light beam . a step - down gearing is interposed between the stepping motor and the crank drive . | 6 |
in a communications system , a headend is provided with redundancy circuitry for video receivers , decoders , and modulation circuitry . the devices in the headend are monitored for failure , and when they fail , the channel being processed by the failing device is rerouted through redundancy circuitry to avoid the interruption of service to subscribers . | 7 |
the present invention includes a modular electrical device for use in an electric circuit . the modular electrical device includes a wall plate defining a first opening , and a housing configured to be disposed within the first opening . the housing is configured to accommodate a frame member selected from a plurality of frame members . each frame member is configured to accommodate at least one wiring assembly . the modular electrical device further includes an electrical wiring assembly chosen from a plurality of electrical wiring assemblies . each of the plurality of electrical wiring assemblies has a different functional configuration , and each of the plurality of electrical wiring devices being sized to fit in the selected frame member . the modular electrical device further includes a set of terminal contacts selected from a plurality of sets of terminal contacts . each set of terminal contacts is matched to accommodate one of the plurality of electrical wiring assemblies . | 7 |
system and method adapted to multi - cast over the internet using multiple tiers of servers . preferably , the content server transmits content to servers in the next lower tier , which may include one or more client servers , using multi - cast , but may use uni - cast . preferably , each server in all intermediate tiers transmits content to the servers in the next lower tier , which may include one or more client servers , using multi - cast , but may use uni - cast . each client server transmits to its clients using multi - cast . the quality of a live cast received by each client server may be improved using the more efficient udp / ip for downloading the bulk of the content and compensating for the occasional lost segments of data using the more reliable tcp / ip . | 7 |
an abstraction based multi - phase method for vlsi chip floorplanning is described . the abstraction based approach provides a solution to macro floorplanning in the presence of leaf level intermediate logic , and achieves it without loss of accuracy in the results . annotations generated during abstraction are presented as floorplanning constraints which account for the abstracted data . the floorplanning and placement algorithms handle detailed netlists consisting of large blocks and small leaf level cells in an efficient manner . the abstraction based approach phases out by abstracting the leaf level logic and reintroducing them in the form of floorplan constraints . the abstraction and bundling phases achieves a significant improvement in the performance of a simulated annealing based floorplanner . the overall concept of driving a floorplanning algorithm with a path based hyper - edge representation also helps to provide structural information about the netlist to the floorplanner . | 6 |
genetic modification of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells of primates by transduction of p - phsc with a recombinant adeno - associated virus . tile genomc of the recombinant aav comprises a dna sequence flanked by the inverted terminal repeats of aav . the dna sequence will normally comprise regulatory sequences which are functional in hemopoictic cells and , controlled by these regulatory sequences , a sequence coding for a protein or rna with a therapeutic property when introduced into hemopoietic cells . preferred examples of dna sequences are the human lysosomal glococerebrosidase gene , a globin gene from the human β - globin gene cluster , a dna sequence encoding an rna or protein with anti - viral activity , the α1 - antitrypsin gene and the human multidrug resistance gene i . the invention provides for effective gene therapy with phsc of primates , in particular humans . | 0 |
the invention relates to a method for cleaning filter structures of filtration installations for filtering liquid products containing a gas or gas mixture that is neutral to the product , in particular for filtering drinks containing the gas or gas mixture that is neutral to the product . | 1 |
a method and apparatus is described wherein users distribute communication objects and multimedia applications over a network communication system . the capabilities of the users terminals are established . a control system analyzes the capabilities of the terminals to establish a state in which the terminals will appear . heuristics are used to establish a channel mode in corresponding terminals , the channel mode optimizes communications associated with the multimedia application between the terminals . | 7 |
a method and apparatus for a shock absorber having a damping fluid compensation chamber with a gas charge . in one aspect , a partition separates a first chamber portion from a second chamber portion , wherein the first portion of the chamber is at a first initial gas pressure and the second portion of the chamber is at a second initial pressure . a valve separates the first and second chamber portions and opening the valve comingles the first and second chamber portions so that the combined chamber portions are at a third pressure . in another aspect , a piston disposed through a wall is in pressure communication with the gas charge and is biased inwardly toward a pressure of the charge , whereby an indicator is movable by the piston in response to the pressure . | 5 |
The origin of extremely fast variability is one of the long-standing questions in the gamma-ray astronomy of blazars. While many models explain the slower, lower energy variability, they cannot easily account for such fast flares reaching hour-to-minute timescales. Magnetic reconnection, a process where magnetic energy is converted to the acceleration of relativistic particles in the reconnection layer, is a candidate solution to this problem. In this work, we employ state-of-the-art particle-in-cell simulations in a statistical comparison with observations of a flaring episode of a well-known blazar, Mrk 421, at a very high energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV). We tested the predictions of our model by generating simulated VHE light curves that we compared quantitatively with methods that we have developed for a precise evaluation of theoretical and observed data. With our analysis, we can constrain the parameter space of the model, such as the magnetic field strength of the unreconnected plasma, viewing angle and the reconnection layer orientation in the blazar jet. Our analysis favours parameter spaces with magnetic field strength 0.1 G, rather large viewing angles (6 − 8°), and misaligned layer angles, offering a strong candidate explanation for the Doppler crisis often observed in the jets of high synchrotron peaking blazars. <P />Full Tables B.1-B.10 are available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/678/A140">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/678/A140</A> | 9 |
a thermoelectric generator apparatus of a vehicle may include a high temperature member , through which exhaust gas passes , a low temperature member , which maintains a temperature lower than a temperature of the high temperature member , and which includes a first coolant pipe holder supporting one of coolant pipes , a heat transfer plate which extends from the first pipe holder and may be located opposite to a corresponding high - temperature member , and a second coolant pipe holder formed on the other side of the heat transfer plate and supporting another of the coolant pipes , and a thermoelectric module disposed between the high temperature member and the low temperature member . | 8 |
a method and apparatus for an improved frozen vending machine having a glass front which provides the customer the opportunity to view the actual product they wish to purchase , while ensuring the maintenance of a freezing environment and utilizing a product conveyor system which reliably delivers a larger selection of frozen product to the customer than has been available in the past . the present invention also provides a method and kit for modifying existing vending machines into the frozen vending machine described herein . | 6 |
Extreme high-energy-peaked BL Lac objects (EHBLs) are an emerging class of blazars. Their typical two-hump-structured spectral energy distribution (SED) peaks at higher energies with respect to conventional blazars. Multiwavelength (MWL) observations constrain their synchrotron peak in the medium to hard X-ray band. Their gamma-ray SED peaks above the GeV band, and in some objects it extends up to several TeV. Up to now, only a few EHBLs have been detected in the TeV gamma-ray range. In this paper, we report the detection of the EHBL 2WHSP J073326.7+515354, observed and detected during 2018 in TeV gamma rays with the MAGIC telescopes. The broad-band SED is studied within an MWL context, including an analysis of the Fermi-LAT data over 10 yr of observation and with simultaneous Swift-XRT, Swift-UVOT, and KVA data. Our analysis results in a set of spectral parameters that confirms the classification of the source as an EHBL. In order to investigate the physical nature of this extreme emission, different theoretical frameworks were tested to model the broad-band SED. The hard TeV spectrum of 2WHSP J073326.7+515354 sets the SED far from the energy equipartition regime in the standard one-zone leptonic scenario of blazar emission. Conversely, more complex models of the jet, represented by either a two-zone spine-layer model or a hadronic emission model, better represent the broad-band SED. | 9 |
a method and apparatus for making an absorbent composite from continuous tow is disclosed . the method and apparatus includes the steps of or means for spreading a crimped tow ; de - registering the crimped tow ; shaping the de - registered tow to a substantially rectangular cross - section ; and distributing a particulate onto the shaped tow . the method and apparatus also include the step of or means for introducing a crimped tow from a bale , wherein the tow &# 39 ; s travel through de - registering , shaping , and particulate distribution , defines a vertical plane and the bale is located off the vertical plane . | 3 |
Young stars are mostly found in dense stellar environments, and even our own Solar system may have formed in a star cluster. Here, we numerically explore the evolution of planetary systems similar to our own Solar system in star clusters. We investigate the evolution of planetary systems in star clusters. Most stellar encounters are tidal, hyperbolic, and adiabatic. A small fraction of the planetary systems escape from the star cluster within 50 Myr; those with low escape speeds often remain intact during and after the escape process. While most planetary systems inside the star cluster remain intact, a subset is strongly perturbed during the first 50 Myr. Over the course of time, 0.3 - 5.3{{ per cent}} of the planets escape, sometimes up to tens of millions of years after a stellar encounter occurred. Survival rates are highest for Jupiter, while Uranus and Neptune have the highest escape rates. Unless directly affected by a stellar encounter itself, Jupiter frequently serves as a barrier that protects the terrestrial planets from perturbations in the outer planetary system. In low-density environments, Jupiter provides protection from perturbations in the outer planetary system, while in high-density environments, direct perturbations of Jupiter by neighbouring stars is disruptive to habitable-zone planets. The diversity amongst planetary systems that is present in the star clusters at 50 Myr, and amongst the escaping planetary systems, is high, which contributes to explaining the high diversity of observed exoplanet systems in star clusters and in the Galactic field. | 9 |
a valve unit for internal combustion engines with a drive unit , a gear mechanism , a valve rod and a valve disk , the gear mehanicm being provided with an eccentrically disposed coupling part which is connected coactingly with the valve rod , the coupling part being a bearing element which serves as a connection means with the valve rod . a combustion - air intake - channel portion and an exhaust - gas return unit are integrally combined with the valve unit . | 5 |
a chuck body for a clamping chuck for clamping a workpiece has a substantially rotationally symmetrically formed basic body , provided on which is a receiving opening , which is formed as a portion of a cone and is formed for receiving a clamping head in such a way as to transmit force . attached to the basic body is a deformation sensor , for example as a strain gauge , which is intended and designed for determining a deformation of the basic body in a circumferential direction . in this way , the condition and state of wear of the clamping chuck can be determined . | 1 |
a floatation device for safely supporting a person , including paralyzed , disabled , or mobility impaired persons , upon a body of water for exercise or relaxation . this device encloses the person within concentric outer flotation members and a seat assembly from which position the person may float , walk or wade in the water as desired while either being continuously supported or providing only the support required . the outer flotation members are spaced from the user to also enclose him and these outer members provide the buoyancy and stability required for use . if desired , a hand rest can be positioned intermediate the outer flotation members and seat assembly of the floatation device for further ease of use and for grasping purposes . | 0 |
a solid state disk drive is provided among the storage devices controlled by a storage controller . the solid state disk drive may serve as a level 2 cache using standard multi - level cache management algorithms . the solid state disk may share a drive channel with other storage devices or may have a dedicated channel . | 6 |
Context. The direct detection of exoplanets with high-contrast imaging requires advanced data processing methods to disentangle potential planetary signals from bright quasi-static speckles. Among them, angular differential imaging (ADI) permits potential planetary signals with a known rotation rate to be separated from instrumental speckles that are either statics or slowly variable. The method presented in this paper, called ANDROMEDA for ANgular Differential OptiMal Exoplanet Detection Algorithm, is based on a maximum likelihood approach to ADI and is used to estimate the position and the flux of any point source present in the field of view. <BR /> Aims: In order to optimize and experimentally validate this previously proposed method, we applied ANDROMEDA to real VLT/NaCo data. In addition to its pure detection capability, we investigated the possibility of defining simple and efficient criteria for automatic point source extraction able to support the processing of large surveys. <BR /> Methods: To assess the performance of the method, we applied ANDROMEDA on VLT/NaCo data of TYC-8979-1683-1 which is surrounded by numerous bright stars and on which we added synthetic planets of known position and flux in the field. In order to accommodate the real data properties, it was necessary to develop additional pre-processing and post-processing steps to the initially proposed algorithm. We then investigated its skill in the challenging case of a well-known target, β Pictoris, whose companion is close to the detection limit and we compared our results to those obtained by another method based on principal component analysis (PCA). <BR /> Results: Application on VLT/NaCo data demonstrates the ability of ANDROMEDA to automatically detect and characterize point sources present in the image field. We end up with a robust method bringing consistent results with a sensitivity similar to the recently published algorithms, with only two parameters to be fine tuned. Moreover, the companion flux estimates are not biased by the algorithm parameters and do not require a posteriori corrections. <BR /> Conclusions: ANDROMEDA is an attractive alternative to current standard image processing methods that can be readily applied to on-sky data. <P />Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the Paranal Observatory under programme ID 184.C-0567(D) and 60.A-9800(J). | 9 |
a system for tensioning a membrane within a frame for a loudspeaker or a microphone is characterized by a frame containing an opening , a membrane connected to an exterior surface of the frame and spanning the frame opening , and a tensioning device connected with the frame for deflecting a portion of the membrane within the frame opening . the tensioning device is compliant thereby allowing the membrane to exhibit a high degree of flexure both within and beyond a plane containing the membrane . | 7 |
a production unit for a printing material processing machine includes a drive , a computer , a cylinder and an associated impression cylinder having a circumference different from that of the cylinder . provision is made to detect an increase in drive torque on the cylinder and to calculate therefrom a differential angle of rotation varying at least over one revolution between the cylinder and the impression cylinder in the computer , to be used to actuate the drive of the cylinder . a printing press having at least one production unit is also provided . | 1 |
polymeric compositions characterized by containing polymeric acetals and zinc - containing inorganic fillers exhibiting improved resistance to the formation and adhesion of mineral deposits when used in applications wherein the composition is exposed to water containing dissolved minerals for extended periods of time . the composition may be prepared into shaped articles which are useful as mineral resistant , plumbing fixtures . | 2 |
an error correction codeword . in one embodiment , an irregularly structured ldpc code ensemble possessing strong overall error performance and attractive storage requirements for a large set of codeword lengths . embodiments of the invention can offer communication systems with better performance and lower terminal costs due to possible reductions in mandatory non - volatile memory over conventional systems . | 7 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.