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a novel digital camera module includes an image capture device , a lens unit , a housing including an opening for receiving the lens unit and positioning the lens unit with respect to the image capture device , and a boot coupled the lens unit and the housing . in a particular embodiment , the boot includes an upper end and a lower end , each of which has a different outer perimeter . in another particular embodiment , a portion of the inner surface of the boot remains free of contact from the outer surface of the lens unit . in another particular embodiment , the lower end of the boot extends beyond the lower end of the lens unit . | 8 |
Context. Feedback processes play a fundamental role in the regulation of the star formation (SF) activity in galaxies and, in particular, in the quenching of early-type galaxies (ETGs) as has been inferred by observational and numerical studies of Λ-CDM models. At z = 0, ETGs exhibit well-known fundamental scaling relations, but the connection between scaling relations and the physical processes shaping ETG evolution remains unknown. <BR /> Aims: This work aims to study the impact of the energetic feedback due to active galactic nuclei (AGN) on the formation and evolution of ETGs. We focus on assessing the impact of AGN feedback on the evolution of the mass-plane and the fundamental plane (FP; defined using mass surface density) as well as on morphology, kinematics, and stellar age across the FP. <BR /> Methods: The Horizon-AGN and Horizon-noAGN cosmological hydrodynamical simulations were performed with identical initial conditions, including the same physical processes except for the activation of the AGN feedback in the former. We selected a sample of central ETGs from both simulations using the same criteria and exhaustively studied their SF activity, kinematics, and scaling relations for z ≤ 3. <BR /> Results: We find that Horizon-AGN ETGs identified at z = 0 follow the observed fundamental scaling relations (mass-plane, FP, and mass-size relation) and qualitatively reproduce kinematic features albeit conserving a rotational inner component with a mass fraction regulated by the AGN feedback. We discover that AGN feedback seems to be required to reproduce the bimodality in the spin parameter distribution reported by observational works and the mass-size relation; more massive galaxies have older stellar populations, larger sizes, and are slower rotators. We study the evolution of the fundamental relations with redshift, finding a mild evolution of the mass-plane of Horizon-AGN ETGs for z < 1, whereas a stronger change is detected for z > 1. The ETGs in Horizon-noAGN show a strong systematic redshift evolution of the mass-plane. The FP of Horizon-AGN ETGs agrees with observations at z = 0. When AGN feedback is switched off, a fraction of galaxies depart from the expected FP at all analysed redshifts owing to the presence of a few extended galaxies with an excess of stellar surface density. We find that AGN feedback regulates the SF activity as a function of stellar mass and redshift being able to reproduce the observed relations. Our results show the impact of AGN feedback on the mass-to-light ratio (M/L) and its relation with the tilt of the luminosity FP (L-FP; defined using the averaged surface brightness). Overall, AGN feedback has an impact on the regulation of the SF activity, size, stellar surface density, stellar ages, rotation, and masses of ETGs that is reflected on the fundamental relations, particularly on the FP. We detect a dependence of the FP on stellar age and galaxy morphology that evolves with redshfit. The characteristics of the galaxy distribution on the FP according to these properties change drastically by z ∼ 1 in Horizon-AGN and hence this feature could provide further insight into the action of AGN feedback. | 9 |
Atmospheric parameters determined via spectral modelling are unavailable for many of the known magnetic early B-type stars. We utilized high-resolution spectra together with non-local thermodynamic equilibrium models to measure effective temperatures T<SUB>eff</SUB> and surface gravities log g of stars for which these measurements are not yet available. We find good agreement between our T<SUB>eff</SUB> measurements and previous results obtained both photometrically and spectroscopically. For log g, our results are compatible with previous spectroscopic measurements; however, surface gravities of stars previously determined photometrically have been substantially revised. We furthermore find that log g measurements obtained with HARPSpol are typically about 0.1 dex lower than those from comparable instruments. Luminosities were determined using Gaia Data Release 2 parallaxes. We find Gaia parallaxes to be unreliable for bright stars (V < 6 mag) and for binaries; in these cases we reverted to Hipparcos parallaxes. In general, we find luminosities systematically lower than those previously reported. Comparison of log g and log L to available rotational and magnetic measurements shows no correlation between either parameter with magnetic data, but a clear slow-down in rotation with both decreasing log g and increasing log L, a result compatible with the expectation that magnetic braking should lead to rapid magnetic spin-down that accelerates with increasing mass-loss. | 9 |
an active code carrier is located inside a spare paper roll that includes a tube or core . the code carrier interacts with either a reading head , or a writing head . this enables roll - specific data to be read or updated at any time . this is particularly useful for automated roll transport and roll handling systems . | 1 |
a method for making a conductive coated product comprising the steps of abrading a conductive metal substrate , applying to the conductive metal substrate a layer of a curable composition which includes 2 - acrylamido - 2 - methylpropanesulfonic acid , water and / or alcohol , and a curing agent and curing the composition on the substrate . the resulting product can be used to make medical electrodes and other electrically conductive medical products | 0 |
a new method and system for transporting and sorting multiple reagent packs used in conjunction with an immunodiagnostic instrument is provided . the new system includes a multiplicity of reagent packs ; a gantry movably mounted on a rack structure for carrying a gripper mechanism , wherein the gripper mechanism has gripping jaws for engagement with the reagent pack ; a power assembly for actuating the respective movement of the gantry , the gripper mechanism and the gripping jaws ; a storage nest having a multiplicity of compartments , each adapted for storing a one of the respective reagent packs ; and a pipetting nest having a multiplicity of compartment , each adapted for retaining a respective one of the reagent packs for simultaneous pipetting . methods of using the system and a novel reagent pack used in connection with the new system are also provided . | 6 |
an exposure apparatus for illuminating a pattern with light from a light source and for exposing a predetermined surface with light from the pattern includes a projection optical system for projecting the pattern onto the predetermined surface , the projection optical system having at least one optical element having optical surfaces , and a gas supplying device for locally supplying a gas to the at least one optical element . in one aspect , the gas supplying device directly blows the gas toward one of the optical surfaces of the at least one optical element , which is closest to the predetermined surface , from the predetermined surface side . | 6 |
a camera attachment for providing a low level of diffuse light over a photographic film . this illumination occurs at the time of the exposure of the film . the process may be termed &# 34 ; flashing &# 34 ; and the effect is to make the film more sensitive to light . the attachment comprises an edge - illuminated transparent disc disposed directly in front of a large aperture photographic lens . an additional annular transparent element may surround the disc . &# 34 ; softness &# 34 ; for portraiture can also be accomplished . | 6 |
a laser beam heat treatment for a metal wire has improved incidence and processing conditions so as to achieve efficient surface heat treatment with a circumferentially averaged laser beam flux and with remarkably enhanced fatigue strength in a high speed heat treatment . the method and apparatus is characterized by forming a cone shaped mirror of circular or polygon cross section having a peak angle in a range of 5 ° to 20 ° and interior mirror surface , the cone shaped mirror defining an opening having a diameter greater than the diameter of the metal wire in a range of 0 . 2 to 2 mm , feeding the metal wire having a diameter less than or equal to 1 mm through the cone shaped mirror along the center axis thereof , irradiating a laser beam with an incident angle including an angular deflection with respect to the center axis of the cone shaped mirror in a range of ± 10 ° resulting in multiple reflection of the laser beam between the interior mirror surface and the surface of the fed metal wire . | 1 |
a device for maintaining or achieving soft tissue expansion applicable to any body region already temporarily expanded including : an adhesive element deformable and capable of adapting to the shape of this body region , and which can then itself become mechanically rigid enough to resist tendency of the expanded tissue to recoil or to which a second material can be applied to form a stent adapted to the shape of the body area to provide the necessary structural rigidity to prevent recoil of the expansion and thereby induce its retention of its expanded shape after the stent is removed . | 0 |
libOMM and MatrixSwitch libraries forming part of Electronic Structure Library (https://esl.cecam.org) have been extended to facilitate operations with sparse matrices. They can be used for modular implementation of linear and cubic-scaling orbital minimization methods in electronic structure codes using atomic orbitals. | 9 |
@jpivarski fixed the use of Unicode names for objects in ROOT files: PR #577. Made flow=True mean the same thing for Uproot histograms as hist: PR #582. Added an interpretation for ROOT::VecOps::RVec: PR #593. Replaced an error message in HTTPSource with a fallback to the non-multipart-GET case: PR #594. Put an upper limit on the time KeyInFileError takes to print itself: PR #595. | 9 |
floor care apparatus is disclosed wherein a powered brush assembly having a multiplicity of rotary brushes is suspended within the apparatus such that the brush assembly floats freely upon the surface being cleaned without supporting any of the machine &# 39 ; s weight . the rotary brushes are generally configured as spur gears and function in a gear train wherein one brush drives all other gear brushes in the system . axially projecting brush bristles are embedded in each gear tooth such that there is no unbrushed area between adjacent brushes in the brush line . the portion of the gear tooth wherein the bristles are embedded includes a recessed profile to allow for circumferential expansion of the tooth , upon insertion of the brush bristles , thereby preventing gear tooth interference . the brush assembly is particularly suitable for hot water carpet extractors of the upright design . | 0 |
a tiered space saver or table top including a stand having a base rotatably supported therein and on which there are supported four independent circular trays stacked one atop the other in vertically spaced apart positions and of ascendingly decreasing respective diameters , each tray being independently rotatable about its central axis , and a handle affixed to the top tray . | 0 |
Galaxies in the local Universe are known to follow bimodal distributions in the global stellar population properties. We analyse the distribution of the local average stellar population ages of 654 053 sub-galactic regions resolved on ∼1 kpc scales in a volume-corrected sample of 394 galaxies, drawn from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) DR3 integral-field-spectroscopy survey and complemented by Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) imaging. We find a bimodal local-age distribution, with an old and a young peak primarily due to regions in early-type galaxies and star-forming regions of spirals, respectively. Within spiral galaxies, the older ages of bulges and interarm regions relative to spiral arms support an internal age bimodality. Although regions of higher stellar mass surface density, μ<SUB>*</SUB>, are typically older, μ<SUB>*</SUB> alone does not determine the stellar population age and a bimodal distribution is found at any fixed μ<SUB>*</SUB>. We identify an 'old ridge' of regions of age ∼9 Gyr, independent of μ<SUB>*</SUB>, and a 'young sequence' of regions with age increasing with μ<SUB>*</SUB> from 1-1.5 to 4-5 Gyr. We interpret the former as regions containing only old stars, and the latter as regions where the relative contamination of old stellar populations by young stars decreases as μ<SUB>*</SUB> increases. The reason why this bimodal age distribution is not inconsistent with the unimodal shape of the cosmic-averaged star formation history is that (I) the dominating contribution by young stars biases the age low with respect to the average epoch of star formation, and (II) the use of a single average age per region is unable to represent the full time extent of the star formation history of 'young sequence' regions. | 9 |
this is an implantable vaso - occlusive coil which is implanted using minimally invasive surgical techniques . it is a complex , helically wound coil made up of a primary helically wound coil which is then wound into a specific secondary shape . the secondary shape is itself a series of helical turns . at least a portion of the turns in the secondary shape form a cylindrical region and adjacent that region on at least one end is a conical region which tapers from a diameter approximating that of the central cylindrical region to a smaller diameter . the device is desirably self - forming upon exit from the distal end of a delivery catheter . also , the conical tipped vaso - occlusive device may also utilize thrombus - enhancing filamentary material . | 0 |
a shroud is disclosed that disguises the particular type of motorcycle fork blade to which it &# 39 ; s attached , thereby making the fork blade appear to be that of a different type . as disclosed , a motorcycle fork comprises a fork blade and a shroud . the fork blade comprises an upper support member telescopically received within a lower support member . the shroud is fixedly attached to the upper support member and the lower support member is telescopically received in the lower portion of the shroud . thus , the invention provides a method of disguising motorcycle forks by attaching the shroud to the motorcycle fork . a method of assembling the shroud to a fork assembly is also disclosed . | 1 |
a method for fabricating a turbine casing including a plurality of turbine shroud assemblies is provided . the method includes providing a base casing having a forward mounting flange and an aft mounting flange and at least one channel defined therebetween , machining a rim on the base casing proximate the at least one channel , and coupling a ring member to the base casing with an interference fit such that the rim is at least partially received within a groove formed within the ring member . | 5 |
methods of imprint lithography are described . generally , the methods include imprinting , via a patterned mold , a pattern into a polymerizable fluid composition on a substrate to form a patterned imprinting layer . a conformal layer is overlayed on the patterned imprinting layer . a portion of the conformal layer is used as a hard mask for subsequent processing . the imprinted pattern may be transferred to the substrate by a plurality of etches . | 7 |
the present invention is a device that aerates lawn or soil using a unique triangular shaped tine or spike . the spikes are arranged on drums in a pattern . the drums can be filled with a fluid such as water or a granular material such as sand to adjust the depth to which the spikes penetrate . the drums may be angled with respect to the direction of travel to impart a transverse movement to the soil . the triangular shape of the spikes and the transverse movement greatly enhances the degree of aeration and results in significantly better aeration compared to using round spikes and coring devices . the surface is not cluttered with cored debris , so the present invention can be used on playing fields or lawns where post aeration appearance is important . | 0 |
a portable electronic device includes a connector case and defines a cavity communicating to the air . a guiding portion is formed in the cavity . the connector case includes at least one interface and an engaging portion . the engaging portion is slidably attached to the guiding portion . the at least one interface is exposed when the connector case slides out from the cavity . | 7 |
the present invention relates to electrically heated steam generators and means for preventing and removing incrustations due to hard water in such generators . according to the invention this is achieved by means of a superimposed direct current the polarity of which is periodically changed whereby gas bubbles , mainly carbon dioxide and hydrogen , are generated at the electrodes causing segregation and removing of incrustations on the electrodes , the method and means for feeding of the superimposed direct current being variable . | 5 |
There has been a concerted effort in recent years to identify the astrophysical sites of the r-process that can operate early in the galaxy. The discovery of many r-process-enhanced (RPE) stars (especially by the R-process Alliance collaboration) has significantly accelerated this effort. However, only limited data exist on the detailed elemental abundances covering the primary neutron-capture peaks. Subtle differences in the structure of the r-process pattern, such as the relative abundances of elements in the third peak, in particular, are expected to constrain the r-process sites further. Here, we present a detailed elemental-abundance analysis of four bright RPE stars selected from the HESP-GOMPA survey. Observations were carried out with the 10-m class telescope Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), Spain. The high spectral signal-to-noise ratios obtained allow us to derive abundances for 20 neutron-capture elements, including the third r-process peak element osmium (Os). We detect thorium (Th) in two stars, which we use to estimate their ages. We discuss the metallicity evolution of Mg, Sr, Ba, Eu, Os, and Th in r-II and r-I stars, based on a compilation of RPE stars from the literature. The strontium (Sr) abundance trend with respect to europium (Eu) suggests the need for an additional production site for Sr (similar to several earlier studies); this requirement could be milder for yttrium (Y) and zirconium (Zr). We also show that there could be some time delay between r-II and r-I star formation, based on the Mg/Th abundance ratios. | 9 |
a disk player in which a clamping member clamps a disk against a turntable . the clamping member has two annular bosses and the turntable has one annular boss located between those of the clamping member . a projection of the clamping member has a projection that fits within a slightly larger recess in the turntable . a ball bearing in the projection moves towards the turntable and forces radially outwardly three ball bearings which then contact the side walls of the recess . | 6 |
a method and a device for the extractive triboelecric measurement of dust and aerosols is provided . a partial gas stream is removed from a main stream and drawn through a triboelecric measuring chamber with a variable or constant temperature , at a variable or constant speed and with an abradant rotational movement . sensors are arranged in the measuring chamber in such a way that they are electrically insulated . the triboelecric effect begins when the gas stream that is loaded with dust particles and aerosols passes through the triboelecric measuring chamber , preferably in a cyclonic manner , moving rotationally , abradantly on the sensors . since gaseous components cannot be measured according to the triboelecric measuring principal , the temperature is controlled intermittently at a low temperature producing a signal which is caused by dust and aerosols , and at a higher temperature , producing a signal which is caused by dust alone . | 6 |
adaptive bit allocation to the channels of a sub / band coder by using a fixed set of numbers of bits , only the selection of those channels to which the available bits are assigned being varied . | 7 |
a dielectric ceramic composition having a high relative dielectric constant a high quality factor and a small temperature coefficient of resonance frequency , consisting essentially of calcium oxide , strontium , oxide , bismuth oxide and titanium oxide , and having a composition represented by the formula : . sub . a .. sub . b .. sub . c .. sub . d wherein 0 ≦ a & lt ; 30 , 0 & lt ; b ≦ 20 , 10 ≦ c ≦ 50 , 40 ≦ d ≦ 80 , and 0 & lt ; a + b ≦ 30 by mol %. this composition may contain at least one of thallium oxide , yttrium oxide and manganese oxide and at least one of germanium oxide , zirconium oxide , tin oxide , cerium oxide and hafnium oxide . | 2 |
a system and method for pasteurizing the surface of a food product includes a flame pasteurizing means arranged to transfer heat to an outer layer of the food product as it is carried by a cook belt . the flame pasteurizing means provides a medium that engulfs more than 50 % of the surface area of the skin or outer layer and raises the temperature of the outer layer to at least 145 ° f . . a washing means , arranged at an exit point of the flame pasteurizing means , removes the raised temperature outer layer and stops heat transfer to an adjacent inner layer of the food product . the pasteurized and washed product retains the same color and flavor as that of the unpasteurized product . | 0 |
the thickness of the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present disclosure is preferably less than or equal to 30 . 0 mm , it can be used in narrow spaces easily , achieves two working modes , and can convert between them conveniently and stably . during use of the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present disclosure , the input torque that the operator exerts is a clockwise torque or a counterclockwise torque , the output torque of the output end of the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present disclosure is a clockwise torque or a counterclockwise torque , alternatively . | 1 |
an asymmetric damping mechanism for use in a belt tensioner . the damping mechanism comprises two parts having substantially similar arcuate shapes for engaging a tensioner . the first part is in contact with the second part at a pivotable point of contact . the point of contact position is determined according to the desired asymmetric damping factor . the first part is also in contact with a spring . the second part is in contact with a tensioner arm . the damping mechanism also comprises two damping shoes , each having a damping band . the damping band is joined to the damping shoe by a plurality of vertical grooves on the damping shoe cooperating with a plurality of grooves on the damping band . the damping mechanism has an asymmetric damping factor in the range of approximately 1 . 5 to 5 . | 5 |
an underwater acoustic sensor is designed for attachment to a rigid or semi - rigid mounting structure . the sensor includes an outer casing and a secondary casing spaced therefrom . a compliance layer is disposed between the inner surface of the outer casing and the outer surface of the secondary casing . an inner sensor support is designed to attach to the mounting structure and is spaced from the inner surface of the secondary casing . a plurality of sensor elements are disposed between and interconnect the inner surface of the secondary casing and the sensor support . | 6 |
a method for correcting the prediction of values of signal with time variation , in particular for navigation messages sent by the global satellite navigation systems , includes the following steps for the correction of the predictions of a parameter included in a received signal and varying in time : estimation of the prediction error based on a first batch of values estimated during a determined time period by comparing these values to the values previously predicted for the same determined time period , analysis of the predicted time - oriented series of prediction errors by a method for processing the signal and isolating the contributions of the systematic effects , and extrapolation of the behavior of the contributions of the systematic effects during the time period concerned and correction of the predictions using the duly extrapolated values . | 6 |
an optical head apparatus for an optical disc player which stabilizes the servo action , enables high speed access , extends the drawing range of tracking servo action , and further enhances the servo stability . this is done by making the driving mechanism and movable parts for access common to those for tracking to reduce the weight , and moving the stand carrying the condenser lens and mirror in focusing , tracking and accessing in the direction of the optical axis to eliminate deviation of the optical path , and also fixing the tracking and access coils to the condenser lens . | 6 |
in order to provide an image processing device and the like making it possible to generate a target image in which edges of a structure are upheld and from which streaking artifacts are removed , a computation device determines a shape of a non - linear function on the basis of feature amounts of an original image and a smoothed image . next , the computation device calculates a condition coefficient of the original image and the smoothed image by using the non - linear function for which the shape was determined in s 101 . next , the computation device uses the condition coefficients calculated in s 102 to calculate a weighting coefficient for each of the pixels of the original image and the smoothed image . next , the computation device adds weighting to the original image and the smoothed image to generate the target image . | 6 |
a method is described for adding coded bit padding for a orthogonal frequency division multiplexing data transmission device . | 7 |
provided are a system and method for timing improvements by dual output synchronizing buffer . the method comprises providing at least two outputs on a synchronizing first - in - first - out buffer in a combinational logic circuit . the method further includes latching data into the fifo . the method also includes alternating which of the two outputs by which the data is latched out of the fifo , thereby extending timing in the combinational logic circuit . | 6 |
a method of brokering a network resource 10 includes providing a service broker processor 12 and a service broker registry 13 . on receiving a request at the service broker processor to register a network resource to provide a network service , the service broker processor authenticates the request and authorises registration in the service broker registry . a network client 14 is updated with the availability of the registered network resource so that on receiving a third party request for the network service , the network client requests allocation of the registered network resource . a bearer path 54 is set up between the third party 21 and the network resource 10 to provide the requested network service . | 7 |
a low cost and an environmentally - friendly synthetic firelog is made by mixing specially processed waxed - cardboard or other wax coated papers of varying proportions with a binder / fuel . the binder / fuel consists of a petroleum wax or a mixture of waxes , the nature and extent of which is suitably modified by in situ admixture with the paraffin wax already present in the waxed - cardboard . sawdust or other wood fillers may also be added . upon thorough incorporation of the materials , the resulting mixture is extruded , molded , compressed , or otherwise formed , such that the resulting mass is sufficiently solid to hold its shape at normal room temperature . | 8 |
an adjustment head is provided to attach an elongated member of an artificial leg to a prosthetic leg . the adjustment head includes an upper portion and a lower portion . the upper portion provides adjustment of the elongated member in a translatory direction . the lower portion , in combination with the upper portion , provides adjustment of the elongated member in an angular direction . in making the translatory adjustment , the screw provided for this purpose will not be subject to direct breaking forces by being angled due to any angular adjustment of the elongated member , such screw always being maintained in a fixed vertical alignment . | 0 |
provided are separators used in power accumulators such as lithium ion secondary batteries and a preparation method thereof . the said separators are obtained through following steps : providing a polymer colloidal emulsion through a polymerization reaction of polyvinyl alcohol , hydrophobic monomer and hydrophilic monomer in water solution initiated by an initiator ; coating a plastic substrate with the said polymer colloidal emulsion using tape - casting method ; drying the plastic substrate coated with the polymer colloidal emulsion , and then obtaining the said separators by delaminating them from the substrate . the said separators have good liquid absorbability , high liquid absorption rate and retention , low resistivity , good mechanical strength and good thermal stability as well as electrochemical stability . the prepared lithium ion batteries have good cycle stability and long service life . | 2 |
a stackable network unit comprises a ‘ down ’ port and an ‘ up ’ port , an arbitration path for data packets from the down port to the up port , a repeat path for data packets from the up port to the down port , a link detector for detecting tile absence of another operative unit connected to the down port to cause data packets on the return pat to bypass the down port and proceed on the arbitration path and for detecting the absence of another operative unit connected to the up port to cause data packets on the arbitration path to bypass the up port and proceed on the repeat path . | 7 |
the invention provides median image media quality enhancer . the image media is fed into a computing device which is essentially a burst of images or video to be enhanced . each frame within the image media is identically exposed and hence neighboring images are used to enhance quality of the image media . for each of the neighboring frames , each pixel of these neighboring frame is moved in order to correspond to the image media . once all the neighboring frames are processed , these are stacked in order to increase signal to noise ratio to create a composite image . this reduces unwanted spots and luminosity fluctuation from the digitized video . | 6 |
the invention provides an apparatus and method which can be utilized to apply a thin layer of viscous coating material to an elongated continuously moving filament whereby the filament can be cabled , coated , and spooled in a continuous operation . the apparatus has a coating material applicator to deliver a flowable material , an air applicator to supply compressed air , a mixer to mix the flowable material and compressed air , a delivery means to spray the mixed flowable material and air onto a filament , and a coating chamber through which the filament passes . the chamber has a material collector and a coating die , and a sealing attachment with an exit hole is located beneath the coating chamber . the filament is sprayed before it travels into the material collector . | 8 |
the invention disclosed relates to a learning system and related methods for providing training and continuing education to members of an organization &# 39 ; s supply - chain workforce . a learning system utilizes a blended learning approach that matches various educational delivery techniques to the appropriate learning materials , time constraints , and skill level of the end user . the system is simultaneously accessible to multiple organizations in order to provide uniformity of learning among a wide variety of participants within the supply - chain workforce , while remaining adaptable to the unique learning needs of each organization . thus , the invention captures the benefits of distance learning techniques while minimizing the isolationist learning environment typically associated with those leaning delivery methods . furthermore , the invention seeks to capture the benefits associated with traditional learning delivery methods such as team - oriented learning and personal instructor feedback . | 6 |
Global EUV waves remain a controversial phenomenon more than 20 yr after their discovery by SOHO/EIT. Although consensus is growing in the community that they are most likely large-amplitude waves or shocks, the wide variety of observations and techniques used to identify and analyze them have led to disagreements regarding their physical properties and interpretation. Here, we use a 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of the solar corona to simulate an EUV wave event on 2009 February 13 to enable a detailed validation of the various commonly used detection and analysis techniques of global EUV waves. The simulated event exhibits comparable behavior to that of a real EUV wave event, with similar kinematic behavior and plasma parameter evolution. The kinematics of the wave are estimated via visual identification and profile analysis, with both approaches providing comparable results. We find that projection effects can affect the derived kinematics of the wave, due to the variation in fast-mode wave speed with height in the corona. Coronal seismology techniques typically used for estimates of the coronal magnetic field are also tested and found to estimate fast-mode speeds comparable to those of the model. Plasma density and temperature variations of the wave front are also derived using a regularized inversion approach and found to be consistent with observed wave events. These results indicate that global waves are best interpreted as large-amplitude waves and that they can be used to probe the coronal medium using well-defined analysis techniques. | 9 |
an underlayment system is provided that includes a plurality of protrusions that extend from a common base member . the protrusions and base member can include an opening therethrough that allows for subsequent layers of material , such as adhesive , to interact and bond to each other . the protrusions are arranged in such a way to contain a wire , string , or heating element , within a receiving area . the arrangement of the protrusions allow for routing of the wire , string , or heating element in a variety of angles , bends , and other routing layouts . | 5 |
an electro - optic display system comprises a plurality of display elements each capable of producing an optical display signal in response to electrical operating energy , a separate channel to each of said display elements , each of said channels incorporating a photosensitive element for the purpose of opening the channel in which that photosensitive element is incorporated for a given period to enable electrical operating energy to be applied during the given period via that channel to an appropriate one of said display elements , a generator of electromagnetic radiation signals arranged to irradiate in response to electrical control signals selected ones of said photosensitive elements and a generator of electrical control signals arranged to feed electrical control signals to said generator of electromagnetic radiation signals . the display elements may be arranged in a straight line which may be one row or column of a matrix array of the elements . the photosensitive elements may be photoconductors or photovoltaic elements and they may be part of a single patch formed as an integrated structure with the display elements on a common substrate . the display elements may for example be electroluminescent elements or liquid crystal elements . the first mentioned generator may be a plurality of semiconductor light - emitting diodes . | 6 |
a suspension system including a front suspension plane located at an intermediate turboshaft engine casing and connecting same to a pylon , a rear suspension plane located at an exhaust casing of the turboshaft engine and connecting same to the pylon , and a failsafe intermediate suspension plane located between the front and rear planes and including at least one connecting rod connecting the turboshaft engine having a structural outer casing to the pylon , the connecting rod mounted on the turboshaft engine with a predetermined clearance that renders the connecting rod inoperable while the suspension system of the rear plane is operating . the connecting rod is advantageously arranged between the outer casing and the pylon , and an element made of a flexible material is combined with the connecting rod to create the predetermined clearance by an elastically deformable nature thereof . | 1 |
We present optical and near-infrared (NIR) observations of the Type Icn supernova (SN Icn) 2022ann, the fifth member of its newly identified class of SNe. Its early optical spectra are dominated by narrow carbon and oxygen P-Cygni features with absorption velocities of ~800 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>; slower than other SNe Icn and indicative of interaction with a dense, H/He-poor circumstellar medium (CSM) that is outflowing slower than typical Wolf-Rayet wind velocities of >1000 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. We identify helium in NIR spectra 2 weeks after maximum and in optical spectra at 3 weeks, demonstrating that the CSM is not fully devoid of helium. Unlike other SNe Icn, the spectra of SN 2022ann never develop broad features from SN ejecta, including in the nebular phase. Compared to other SNe Icn, SN 2022ann has a low luminosity (o-band absolute magnitude of ~-17.7), and evolves slowly. The bolometric light curve is well-modelled by 4.8 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> of SN ejecta interacting with 1.3 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> of CSM. We place an upper limit of 0.04 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> of <SUP>56</SUP>Ni synthesized in the explosion. The host galaxy is a dwarf galaxy with a stellar mass of 10<SUP>7.34</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> (implied metallicity of log(Z/Z<SUB>⊙</SUB>) ≈ 0.10) and integrated star-formation rate of log (SFR) = -2.20 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP>; both lower than 97 per cent of galaxies observed to produce core-collapse supernovae, although consistent with star-forming galaxies on the galaxy Main Sequence. The low CSM velocity, nickel and ejecta masses, and likely low-metallicity environment disfavour a single Wolf-Rayet progenitor star. Instead, a binary companion is likely required to adequately strip the progenitor and produce a low-velocity outflow. | 9 |
a radiator including : a plurality of radiation fins ; and a radiation fin support base having a heater element mounted to one surface thereof and a plurality of parallel fin grooves to which the radiation fins are installed and a projection configured to fix the radiation fin formed to the other surface thereof , wherein a top of the projection pushes one side surface of the radiation fin to push the other side surface of the radiation fin toward a side surface of the fin groove , and wherein the fin groove and the projection are each divided in a plurality of pieces in a longitudinal direction of the fin groove , and each of the divided fin grooves and each of the divided projections have a same length in the longitudinal direction of the fin groove and are paired with each other . | 7 |
an object of the present invention is to provide a charge transport material and an electrophotographic photoreceptor using the charge transport material , the charge transport material sufficiently satisfying characteristics conventionally desired for a charge transport material for an electrophotographic photoreceptor , specifically , the charge transport material having a good solubility in a binder polymer , allowing formation of a stable and high - concentration organic thin film therefrom , and having a high carrier mobility . to achieve the object , the present invention provides a trisamine derivative represented by the following general formula : wherein r1 represents a methyl group or methoxy group , and r2 represents a hydrogen atom , methyl group , or methoxy group , provided that a case where r1 and r2 are a methyl group and r2 is at the meta - position is excluded ; wherein 50 % or more of geometrical isomers have three double bonds which are all trans . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a method and a device of information transfer between two circuits exchanging data via delta - sigma converters . the present invention includes coding the information in the form of at least one signal of determined frequency corresponding to an integer multiple of a frequency of the digital data samples ; mixing , at a first end of a line carrying an oversampled digital signal of the converter , the signal of determined frequency ; extracting from the mixture , at a second end of the line , the signal of determined frequency ; and decoding the corresponding information . | 7 |
a system and method for managing access to assets in a distributed data storage system includes requesting , from a client computer , a semi - preemptible access lock from a server computer . the semi - preemptible lock , if granted , is held by the client computer as long as the server does not demand it back , with the client computer granting open instances under non - preemptible file locks for the asset to which the locks pertain as long as the client computer holds the semi - preemptible lock . when another client computer requests the semi - preemptible lock , the server can demand the lock from the holding client , which relinquishes the lock if no open instances are protected by the lock . otherwise , the holding client computer first attempts to downgrade its lock to meet the request , and if compatibility is not achieved thereby , the holding client refuses to relinquish the lock . | 8 |
a mesh or netting useful for fencing animals comprising a plurality of longitudinal wires mutually connected together in the vertical direction by weft wires , wherein the longitudinal wires as a function of their positions in the vertical direction of the mesh or netting have different strengths . the wires may be arranged in groups wherein the wires strengths vary from group to group . the differences in wire strengths may be obtained by wires having different thicknesses , iron or steel wires of different carbon contents , wires made of different materials or wires having different numbers of elementary wires . | 1 |
an electricity meter comprising a box defining a terminal block for connection to cables and a removable cover covering the terminal block at least in part , wherein the meter includes fastener means arranged to hold said cover on a front face of the box while uncovering the terminal block and while leaving visible an inside face of the cover including means for explaining its electrical connection . | 6 |
v1.1 for model parameterization of 2023 publication in Functional Ecology | 9 |
an electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes a main assembly ; a cartridge including process means actable on an electrophotographic photosensitive member , the process cartridge being detachably mountable relative to the main assembly ; an opening , provided in the main assembly of the apparatus , for permitting mounting and demounting of the cartridge ; an openable member , provided in the main assembly of the apparatus , for openably closing the opening ; an exposure device , provided on the openable member , for exposing the electrophotographic photosensitive member ; the cartridge including a first unit , and a second unit pivotably connected with the first unit ; a first positioning portion provided in the main assembly of the apparatus , wherein the exposure device is provided with a second positioning portion for positioning between the exposure device and the second unit of the cartridge by engagement with the cartridge by closing the openable member . | 6 |
As the number of exoplanets discovered by space missions, such as NASA's Kepler and TESS, has been increasing rapidly during the past decades, the need for an efficient approach to determining the properties of the exoplanet hosts as well as the exoplanets is urgent. In this work, we developed a neural network approach based on Gaussian mixture models to directly determine stellar properties and corresponding uncertainties for exoplanet host stars. Over 16 million stellar models with different initial parameters generated by the Aarhus STellar Evolution Code were used to train the neural networks. To validate the performance of our neural networks, we compared the neural network predicted stellar parameters with results from other methods, e.g., scaling relations, machine learning, and grid-based modeling, for 47 main-sequence, subgiant, and red-giant stars that have exoplanets orbiting around them. The fractional differences between our neural networks and other methods for masses, radii, and ages are generally small, though systematic deviations for masses and ages are seen during comparisons due to the different input physics and seismic parameters used in the modeling. The average uncertainties predicted by our networks for these stars are of the order of 2.4%, 1.1%, and 17.4% for mass, radius, and age, respectively. Overall, our neural network method is able to determine stellar parameters accurately and precisely in a short amount of time, indicating a promising future for its application in the study of exoplanets and their host stars. | 9 |
a method for controlling the operation of a dynamic random access memory system , the dram system having a plurality of memory cells organized into rows and columns , is disclosed . in an exemplary embodiment of the invention , the method includes enabling a destructive read mode , the destructive read mode for destructively reading a bit of information stored within an addressed dram memory cell . the destructively read bit of information is temporarily stored into a temporary storage device . a delayed write back mode is enabled , the delayed write back mode for restoring the bit of information back to the addressed dram memory cell at a later time . the execution of the delayed write back mode is then scheduled , depending upon the availability of space within the temporary storage device . | 6 |
a technique for improved dtmf detection utilizes a speech detector , either alone or in combination with other information from a voice processing arrangement , to adjust the sensitivity of the dtmf detector . the dtmf detector is turned completely off when the voice processing application is in the record mode , and when speech is detected . | 7 |
this invention replaces the crank - and - chain drive system of the conventional bicycle . a flexible drive line is pulled directly away from the hip by a stirrup located at the “ ball ” of the foot and drives the rear - wheel hub by means of a cone - shaped spool with a spiral groove . routing pulleys mounted to a sliding shifter provide drive - ratio variability by adding line to or removing line from the spools , thus utilizing spool segments of varying diameter . a tensioned rewind system enables each spool , when driving the hub , to rewind the other . benefits of this system as compared to prior art include : the fact that the machine itself , as opposed to the operator &# 39 ; s leg , changes the leg &# 39 ; s naturally linear motion to rotary ; and a smoother , more efficient means of drive - ratio variation with the added advantage of infinite variability within limits . | 1 |
the present invention enhances the dynamic frequency selection 9dfs ) algorithms used in wireless lans by adding a channel swapping mechanism . the aim of the traditional dfs algorithm is to dynamically select channels in a wireless lan in such a way that the best performance is achieved . however , not always the optimal channel selection is achieved . this invention describes an addition to the dfs algorithm in such a way that two aps can decide to swap channels instead of one ap switching to another channel . to avoid the problem of sub - optimal channel selection , a requesting ap sends swap requests to other aps in order to sense the willingness of other aps to swap channels with the requesting ap . | 7 |
a flexible , resilient control arm is rigidly connected at an inner end thereof to a side of a vehicle frame and pivotally connected at an outer end thereof to a wheel assembly . a rigid control arm may be pivotally connected at an inner end thereof to the side of the frame and pivotally connected at an outer end thereof to the wheel assembly . a shock absorber is connected for damping motion of the wheel assembly . the flexible control arm thus operates in place of a second rigid control arm and a separate coil or leaf spring . the flexible control arm may have various composite constructions for providing both dimensional integrity and flexibility , including metal and binder impregnated fiber portions having varying thickness and width along their lengths . | 1 |
a semisubmersible mobile offshore drilling unit includes a submersible lower hull comprising a ring pontoon having a trapezoidal shape ; an upper hull having the trapezoidal shape ; three stability columns supporting the upper hull from the lower hull ; and a drilling rig . the modu may be operated in a tender assist mode or an independent drilling mode . the modu may be equipped to prepare , drill , and complete a subsea wellbore or to workover an existing subsea wellbore . | 1 |
a gas turbine combustor arrangement involves two combustion chambers separated by a necked down throat portion with provision for fuel introduction into each of the chambers . initially , fuel is introduced into the first chamber and ignited . thereafter , fuel is introduced into the second chamber until the total fuel flow to the combustor is at the desired rate . burning in the first chamber is then extinguished by shifting fuel flow to the second chamber and after burning termination , the fuel distribution is reversed until a low emission operation is realized . apparatus for carrying out the foregoing method and a high load ingition system is also disclosed . | 5 |
Fast interstellar dust extinction laws in Python: Cython-optimized implementations of empirical dust exitinction laws found in the literature. | 9 |
a fuel nozzle assembly for a gas turbine includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced vanes with holes for flowing fuel from plenums within the vanes through holes in the vane walls for premixing with air . to tune the nozzle assembly , the holes are resized by reforming the existing holes to a predetermined hole size , securing plugs into the holes , and forming holes through at least certain of the plugs to diameters less than the diameter of the existing holes . | 5 |
The nature of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) explosions remains an open issue, with several contending progenitor scenarios actively being considered. One such scenario involves an SN Ia explosion inside a planetary nebula (PN) in the aftermath of a stellar merger triggered by a common envelope (CE) episode. We examine this scenario using hydrodynamic and nonequilibrium ionization simulations of the interaction between the SN ejecta and the PN cocoon into the supernova remnant (SNR) phase, focusing on the impact of the delay between the CE episode and the SN explosion. We compare the bulk dynamics and X-ray spectra of our simulated SNRs to the observed properties of known Type Ia SNRs in the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds. We conclude that models where the SN explosion happens in the immediate aftermath of the CE episode (with a delay ≲1000 yr) are hard to reconcile with the observations, because the interaction with the dense PN cocoon results in ionization timescales much higher than those found in any known Type Ia SNR. Models with a longer delay between the CE episode and the SN explosion (∼10,000 yr) are closer to the observations, and may be able to explain the bulk properties of some Type Ia SNRs. | 9 |
a process for synthesizing formulations for polyimides suitable for use in high - temperature composites in which all reactions other than chain - extension have already taken place prior to making a composite is described , wherein the resulting oligomers comprise a backbone and at least one difunctional endcap . the resulting resin systems have only the single step of endcap - to - endcap reactions during composite processing . prior to the initiation temperature of these endcap - to - endcap reactions , the resins are stable affording the composite manufacturer a very large processing window . | 2 |
method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens , including specifying at least one surface for the spectacle lens to be calculated or optimized ; determining the course of a main ray through at least one visual point of the at least one surface ; determining a first primary set and a second primary set of coefficients of the local aberration of a local wavefront ; specifying at least one function which assigns a second secondary set of coefficients to a second primary set of coefficients , said second secondary set of coefficients defining the higher - order aberration of a propagated wavefront ; determining a higher - order aberration of a local wavefront propagated starting from the at least one visual point along the main ray depending on at least the second primary set of coefficients on the basis of the specified function ; and calculating or optimizing the at least one surface of the spectacle lens based on the determined higher - order aberration of the propagated local wavefront . | 6 |
The Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE) is a recently selected NASA MIDEX mission, composed of a multi-slit EUV spectrograph (in three narrow spectral bands centered around 171Å, 284Å, and 108Å) and an EUV context imager (in two narrow passbands around 195Å and 304Å). MUSE will provide unprecedented spectral and imaging diagnostics of the solar corona at high spatial (~0.5 arcseconds), and temporal resolution (down to ~0.5 seconds) thanks to its innovative multi-slit design. By obtaining spectra in 4 bright EUV lines (Fe IX 171Å, Fe XV 284Å, Fe XIX-XXI 108Å) covering a wide range of transition region and coronal temperatures along 37 slits simultaneously, MUSE will for the first time be able to "freeze" (at a cadence as short as 10 seconds) with a spectroscopic raster the evolution of the dynamic coronal plasma over a wide range of scales: from the spatial scales on which energy is released (<0.5 arcsec) to the large-scale often active-region size (~ 170 arcsec × 170 arcsec) atmospheric response. We use advanced numerical modeling to showcase how MUSE will constrain the properties of the solar atmosphere on the spatio-temporal scales (<0.5 arcsec, <20 seconds) and large field-of-view on which various state-of-the-art models of the physical processes that drive coronal heating, solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) make distinguishing and testable predictions. We describe how the synergy between MUSE, the single-slit, high-resolution Solar-C EUVST spectrograph, and ground-based observatories (DKIST and others) can address how the solar atmosphere is energized, and the key role MUSE plays because of the multi-scale nature of the physical processes involved. | 9 |
a process for the recovery of arsenic trioxide from acid solutions , particularly the aqueous acid effluent produced by a gas - washing process in the pyrometallurgy of copper sulfide ores is provided . generally , the process comprises concentrating the acid solution in one or more evaporators in series ; crystallizing arsenic contained in the concentrated solution as arsenic trioxide crystals ; filtering the crystallized solution to obtain a solid phase comprising impure arsenic trioxide crystals ; and purifying the solid phase to obtain a purified crystal product comprising arsenic trioxide . the process produces a commercially salable arsenic trioxide product without producing any solid or liquid residues subject to special handling or treatment regulations . | 8 |
a device for measuring a rotation angle of a rotary element has first , second and third photo - electric sensors , and a rotary disk having first and second circular arrays of openings , each radial edge of the first array of openings being adapted to be detectable by the first photo - electric sensor so as to generate a first electric signal alternating between “ on ” and “ off ” each time when the rotary disk rotates each five times of a unit angle , each radial edge of the second array of openings being adapted to be detectable by the second and third photo - electric sensors so as to generate second and third electric signals , respectively , the second and third signals each alternating between either “ on ” and “ off ” or “ off ” and “ on ” each time when the rotary disk rotates alternately two times and three times of the unit angle , the “ on ” and “ off ” alternations of the first , second and third signals being shifted from one another by a multiple of the unit angle , wherein the “ on ” and “ off ” alternations of the first , second and third signals successively occurs are counted to obtain a rotation angle of the disk , and various irregularities in the occurrence of the “ on ” and “ off ” signals are checked by the order of occurrence thereof in each set of five consecutive occurrences thereof . | 6 |
encryption systems typically rely on the distribution of cipher keys between terminals for scrambling and unscrambling transmitted messages . elaborate security precautions are necessary to protect the cipher keys since a compromise of the key could result in a compromise of the transmission . there is disclosed a key distribution method and apparatus which uses a channel from identified terminals to a central key distribution center for the establishment , on a one - session basis , of the key which is to be used for the next session between those terminals . the key establishing link is itself encoded using a cipher key which changes after each usage . provision is made to verify , for each new connection , that a compromise has not priorly occurred . | 7 |
devices and methods for waking a person from sleep are provided . embodiments of the subject devices are alarm clocks that have an extensive sound library stored in memory thereof . the sounds of the sound library differ in the nature of their intensity to offer a user variety in experience in order to maintain the effectiveness of the alarm such that its use is not easily tuned - out . | 6 |
a method for control of a transmission of a vehicle , especially of an automatic transmission or an automated manual mechanical transmission with hydraulically actuatable shifting elements is described . a speed signal of the output train with precalculatable time curve is determined and for adjustment of a nominal filling of the shifting elements an interference signal is applied . in case of a untolerable divergence of the speed signal of the output train from its precalculated curve , a divergence from the nominal filling of the shifting element is detected , the information being processed for control of the shifting elements . | 8 |
an apparatus for evaluating a tubular in a borehole of includes at least two electromagnetic acoustic transducers . the transducers are configured to generate and receive first and second acoustic waves in the tubular . a difference in velocity of the two acoustic waves is indicative of a stress field in the tubular . | 6 |
a vehicle lamp includes a housing , a transparent outer cover attached to the housing to form a lamp chamber together with the housing , a lamp unit disposed inside the lamp chamber to send light toward an outside of the lamp chamber through the outer cover , a sealing member arranged to seal a space between the housing and the outer cover , and an adhesive member disposed inside the lamp chamber in an at least partially exposed manner . | 5 |
a trifold side seamed film produce bag includes a front wall and a back wall , first and second side edges sealed together and a seamless bag bottom . the bag is joined at the side edges to additional bags by a perforation . the bag is corona treated on at least one wall and promotional material is printed on the treated surface . the bags are folded to one third of their height to fit compact bag roll dispensers . the bags are folded in a z - fold or c - fold configuration . the method includes manufacturing the bags and winding them onto cores or forming the bags into coreless rolls . an apparatus for forming the side seamed bags includes an extruder , a tubing flattener , a perforator , a sealer , a corona treater , a printer and a slitter . the treated , printed bags may be stored on rolls for later slitting into two bag streams and folding into thirds . | 1 |
Related to paper "A CMA-ES Algorithm Allowing for Random Parameters in Model Calibration" by V. Sauerland et al. (2023) | 9 |
Line-intensity mapping (IM) experiments seek to perform statistical measurements of large-scale structure with spectral lines such as 21 cm, CO, and Lyα. A challenge in these observations is to ensure that astrophysical foregrounds, such as galactic synchrotron emission in 21 cm measurements, are properly removed. One method that has the potential to reduce foreground contamination is to cross correlate with a galaxy survey that overlaps with the IM volume. However, telescopes sensitive to high-redshift galaxies typically have small field of views compared to IM surveys. Thus, a galaxy survey for cross correlation would necessarily consist of pencil beams that sparsely fill the IM volume. In this paper, we develop the formalism to forecast the sensitivity of cross correlations between IM experiments and pencil-beam galaxy surveys. We find that a random distribution of pencil beams leads to very similar overall sensitivity as a lattice spaced across the IM survey and derive a simple formula for random configurations that agrees with the Fisher matrix formalism. We explore examples of combining high-redshift James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations with both an SPHEREx-like Lyα IM survey and a 21 cm experiment based on the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). We find that the JWST-SPHEREx case is promising, leading to a total signal-to-noise ratio of ~5 after 100 total hours of JWST (at z = 7). We find that HERA is not well-suited for this approach owing to its drift-scan strategy, but that a similar experiment that can integrate down on one field could be. | 9 |
a strained channel mosfet device with improved charge mobility and method for forming the same , the method including providing a first gate with a first semiconductor conductive type and second gate with a semiconductor conductive type on a substrate ; forming a first strained layer with a first type of stress on said first gate ; and , forming a second strained layer with a second type of stress on said second gate . | 7 |
1 , 4 - dihydropyridines bearing carbonyl functions in the 3 - and 5 - positions , being optionally substituted by lower alkyl in the 6 - position , being substituted in the 4 - position by lower alkyl , phenyl , substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group , and being fused through the 1 - and 2 - positions to a five , six or seven membered cycloalkyl ring , one methylene group of which can be replaced by sulfur , oxygen imino or alkylimino , are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators . the compounds , of which 6 - methyl - 4 -- 1 , 2 - pentamethylene - 1 , 4 - dihydropyridine - 3 , 5 - dicarboxylic acid 3 , 5 - diethyl ester is a representative embodiment , are prepared through condensation of an ylideneacetoacetic acid ester and a cyclic enamino carbonyl derivative . | 8 |
a strapless bra includes an upper strap system coupled to an upper portion of each of first and second cup members , wherein the upper strap system includes first and second strap members selectively operable to couple to one another , and a lower strap system coupled to a lower portion of each of the first and second cup members , wherein the lower strap system includes third and fourth strap members selectively operable to couple to one another . the upper strap system is selectively operable to conform to a first girth and the lower strap system is selectively operable to conform to a second girth . the first and second girths can be unequal . | 0 |
the invention relates to rubber mixtures which contain microgels and isocyanatosilanes and vulcanisates produced therefrom . by adding isocyanatosilanes the mechanical properties of the vulcanisates , in particular the elongation properties and the abrasion resistance , are improved without the difference in rebound resilience at 70 ° c . and 23 ° c . being reduced . | 2 |
an improved programmable duty cycle generator and method of operation . in one aspect , the generated output signal duty cycle is not measured , but rather is generated based on a predetermined value . saw tooth generator / integrator schemes are used to create the saw type waveforms of the incoming frequency which in conjunction with dac is used to create the desired duty cycle . the improved programmable duty cycle signal generator for placement in key pinch points of a critical path where precise duty cycle definition is needed . | 7 |
a cemented lens comprising a first component having a polished first surface , a second component whose refractive index is different from that of the first component and having a second surface smoothed to a finish roughness of mesh # 1400 or more but not polished , and an adhesive agent layer intervening between the first and second components to cement them at the first and second surfaces and having a refractive index which does not differ from that of the second component by more than 0 . 1 . | 8 |
an indication display unit which includes an lc board as its reflector , by the reflector &# 39 ; s changing of its transmissivity , the reflected image thereon projected from an indication projector and other images , such as an image directly exposed from an indicator located behind the lc board or the image generated by itself , can be respectively selected to be reflected therefrom . accordingly , with the indication display of this invention , the clarity of the displayed image can be greatly improved , and simultaneous display of various indications can be achieved . | 1 |
Galactic rotation curves have been served as indispensable tools for determining the distribution of mass within galaxies. Despite several advances in precision observations, some discrepancies still persist between the inferred matter distribution from luminosity and observed rotation velocities, often attributed to the presence of dark matter. Traditional parametric models, while insightful, struggle with the complexity of galaxies with prominent bulges or non-circular motions, but in contrast, non-parametric methods offer a promising alternative, adapting to the intricate nature of rotation curves without any prior assumptions. In this work, we employ artificial neural networks to reconstruct rotation curves of 17 spiral galaxies from high-quality data, demonstrating the efficacy of the non-parametric approaches in characterizing galactic dynamics. Our findings underscore the importance of employing diverse methodological approaches to comprehensively understand galactic dynamics in modern astrophysics research. Moreover, the non-parametric reconstruction approach with neural networks presents a promising avenue for further investigations, capable of generating interpolations based on the intrinsic patterns of the data. | 9 |
a semiconductor device includes a dielectric layer , a semiconductor layer provided above the dielectric layer , a gate dielectric layer provided above the semiconductor layer , a gate electrode provided above the gate dielectric layer , a source region and a drain region provided in the semiconductor layer , a body region other than the source region and the drain region in the semiconductor layer , and a body contact region that divides the source region in a plurality of areas and joins to the body region , wherein the body contact region is formed of a compound of a semiconductor of the semiconductor layer and a metal . | 7 |
a mechanical energy harvesting toothbrush may employ circuits and devices to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy . such conversion can be done using piezoelectric devices to convert stresses and strains from bending of the toothbrush head and / or bristles during use , and can be done using electromagnetic generators involving passing a magnet through a coil to induce current . the resulting electric energy may be rectified , and stored in a storage device , such as a capacitor or rechargeable battery . a switching circuit may be configured to detect the level of energy stored in the storage device , and to close an electrical connection when a predetermined level of energy has been reached . the predetermined level may correspond to a desired amount of brushing . the closing of the electrical connection may be used to power output devices when that desired amount of brushing has been reached . | 0 |
a method of fabricating a micromechanical structure of a rod enclosed by a casing and able to both slide and rotate in the casing is described . the rod is formed on a substrate by growing a cylinder into a wall . the wall is then removed leaving the cylinder . the cylinder is coated with a sacrificial layer and a structural layer . the structural layer is patterend to form the casing and the sacrificial layer is removed . | 7 |
various embodiments of the present invention relate to protective shields , and more particularly , to ballistic shields . for the purposes of describing and claiming the present invention the term “ ballistic shield ” is intended to refer to a shield designed to minimize the chances of a fatality or serious injury in the event of a bullet strike , shrapnel strike , or the like . | 5 |
a method and apparatus for adjusting the color of a reproduction image in an image reproduction device are provided . the color adjusting apparatus for an image reproduction device includes : an average saturation calculation unit calculating the saturation of each color component in an input image signal ; a user input unit for a user to input a control signal for color adjustment ; an equalization generation unit generating graphic equalization by referring to the calculated saturation of each color of the average saturation calculation unit and the control signal for color adjustment from the user input unit ; an image display unit visually displaying the graphic eq to the user ; and an image signal processing unit converting the input image signal into a reproduction image signal by referring to the control signal for color adjustment from the user input unit . | 6 |
the invention provides novel 1 , 2 , 3 - triazolopyrimidine compounds , their use as medicaments , compositions containing them and processes for their preparation . | 2 |
a method and apparatus are disclosed for efficient endothermic processing of liquids and the precipitation of dissolved elements and chemical compounds . improvements over prior systems include system layout , components and modes of operation of the system . applications of the system include destruction of toxic wastes and sewage treatment , precipitation of chemical compounds and elements including metals from solution , sterilization and water purification , catalytic formation of chemical compounds , and processing of hydrocarbons . | 8 |
an improved process for producing portland and portland type cement clinker wherein argillaceous and calcareous type materials are ground and blended to form a generally homogeneous mixture and subsequently burned in a kiln at a temperature in the range of about 1200 ° c . to about 1500 ° c . to form cement clinker , the improvement comprising incorporating into the mixture a fluorine containing mineral acid , selected from the group comprising fluotitanic acid , fluoboric acid , fluophosphoric acid , fluosilicic acid , and hydrofluoric acid , as a fluxing and mineralizing agent , in an amount of up to 3 . 0 % by weight based upon the weight of the dry solids in the mixture . | 2 |
a gate driving circuit of a lcd comprises a plurality of drivers , a timing processor , a trigger signal processor , a delay unit , and a logic unit for producing an output enable signal . further , transferring the signal to the gate driver of a lcd can efficiently control the charging time of each region in the lcd . the main object of the gate driving circuit of a lcd is that block dim phenomenon in each light crystal region will be restrain , and the visualization of the lcd can be enhanced . | 6 |
a modifiable rack system can be connected to a vehicle such as a truck or a tractor , and includes a receptacle for holding a variety of items including materials and equipment . the rack system includes a variety of add - ons for organizing and retaining equipment , and a hinged tail gate for easy access . the rack system includes a trailer hitch so a rolling trailer , or the like , can be daisy - chained off the back end . wheels can be mounted to the rack system so the rack system can used as a rolling cart . the rack system is able to withstand large forces during use because of a tow support spine , and associated structures , which impart tremendous strength . | 1 |
a device for and method of testing toroidal magnetic cores for magnetic anomalies which prevent uniform performance of the cores . the core is positioned on a drive device which can rotate the core through 360 °. the core passes through an input winding which receives the test signal and an output winding coupled to a display device which shows the presence or absence of such magnetic anomalies . | 6 |
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