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a method for checking the accuracy of an oxygen sensor based determination of the alcohol content of the fuel of a flexible fueled vehicle . following the addition of fuel to the flexible fueled vehicle two alcohol concentration possibilities are calculated . the two alcohol concentration possibilities are then used to calculate thresholds for the determining if the oxygen sensor based determination falls within the thresholds . if the oxygen sensor based determination does not fall within the thresholds then action is taken to counteract an inaccurate determination of alcohol concentration . | 8 |
The role of different stellar feedback mechanisms in giant molecular clouds is not well understood. This is especially true for regions with many interacting clouds as would be found in a galactic spiral arm. In this paper, building on previous work by Bending et al., we extract a $500{\, \mathrm{pc}}\times 500{\, \mathrm{pc}}\times {100}{\, \mathrm{pc}}$ section of a spiral arm from a galaxy simulation. We use smoothed particle hydrodynamics to re-simulate the region at higher resolution (1 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> per particle). We present a method for momentum-driven stellar winds from main-sequence massive stars, and include this with photoionization, self-gravity, a galactic potential, and interstellar medium heating/cooling. We also include cluster-sink particles with accretion radii of 0.78 pc to track star/cluster formation. The feedback methods are as robust as previous models on individual cloud scales (e.g. Dale et al.). We find that photoionization dominates the disruption of the spiral arm section, with stellar winds only producing small cavities (at most ~30 pc). Stellar winds do not affect the resulting cloud statistics or the integrated star formation rate/efficiency, unlike ionization, which produces more stars, and more clouds of higher density and higher velocity dispersion compared to the control run without feedback. Winds do affect the sink properties, distributing star formation over more low-mass sinks (~10<SUP>2</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) and producing fewer high-mass sinks (~10<SUP>3</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>). Overall, stellar winds play at best a secondary role compared to photoionization, and on many measures, they have a negligible impact. | 9 |
a system and method for flight training and evaluation of pilots comprises electronically activated vision restriction glasses that detect the pilot &# 39 ; s head position and automatically darken and restrict the pilot &# 39 ; s ability to see through the front and side windscreens when the pilot - in - training attempts to see out the windscreen . thus , the pilot - in - training sees only within the aircraft cockpit , forcing him or her to fly by instruments in the most restricted operational mode . | 6 |
operating capacitive sensors in force feedback mode has many benefits , such as improved bandwidth , and lower sensitivity to process and temperature variation . to overcome , the non - linearity of the voltage - to - force relation in capacitive feedback , a two - level feedback signal is often used . therefore , a single - bit σ - δ modulator represents a practical way to implement capacitive sensors interface circuits . however , high - q parasitic modes that exist in high - q sensors cause a stability problem for the σ - δ loop , and hence , limit the applicability of σ - δ technique to such sensors . a solution is provided that allows stabilizing the σ - δ loop , in the presence of high - q parasitic modes . the solution is applicable to low or high order σ - δ based interfaces for capacitive sensors . | 7 |
device for splitting an interlaced television frame into a vertical low - frequency spatial signal and a vertical high - frequency motion auxiliary signal . in a forward play mode the two signals are added together . in a reverse play mode , in which the frames are supplied in the reverse order , the motion auxiliary signal is subtracted from the spatial signal . | 7 |
The rest-frame UV/optical variability of the quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 is used to test the Corona-Heated Accretion-disk Reprocessing (CHAR) model of Sun et al. We adopt our CHAR model and the observed black hole masses (M<SUB>BH</SUB>) and luminosities (L) to generate mock light curves that share the same measurement noise and sampling as the real observations. Without any fine-tuning, our CHAR model can satisfactorily reproduce the observed ensemble structure functions for different M<SUB>BH</SUB>, L, and rest-frame wavelengths. Our analyses reveal that a luminosity-dependent bolometric correction is disfavored over the constant bolometric correction for UV/optical luminosities. Our work demonstrates the possibility of extracting quasar properties (e.g., the bolometric correction or the dimensionless viscosity parameter) by comparing the physical CHAR model with quasar light curves. | 9 |
a computing system group member , signal bearing medium , and method . a configuration of a computing system group member is determined to be able to assume a role of a primary member of the computing system group and , in response thereto , a first status is assigned in the member . all members of the computing system group receive , in order , all messages directed to group members . a second status is assigned in response to determining that the configuration of the member is not able to support performance as a primary member . the member then processes , within the member , all messages that are transmitted to all members of the group when the member is assigned the first status and when the member is assigned the second status . the configuration of the member , while assigned either the first status or the second status , is adjusted based upon contents of the messages . | 7 |
there is disclosed a portable , hand - held massager in combination with a therapeutic spa . the massager has a fluid motor that is mechanically coupled to a reciprocating massage pad . the fluid motor is detachably connected to the pressured fluid system of the therapeutic spa and , for this purpose , has a sleeve adapter to attach to a fluid jet nozzle in the wall of the therapeutic spa with a flexible hose leading to the fluid motor of the massage unit . | 0 |
a device for performing an imsho using a router in a cdma communication system is disclosed . the device comprises a router module allocated to each mobile switching center in the cdma system , the router module for interfacing with a global communication interconnection network ; a base station subsystem provided in each mobile switching center connected to the router module includes the gcin ; a base station modulator connected to the gcin in the bss for providing a link configuration information of the router module ; and , a trunk for connecting the router modules of different mobile switching centers to enable the communication between the base station subsystems belonging to different mobile switching centers . | 7 |
the apparatus described herein uses a disc wafer - type rotor featuring channels disposed around its circumference and around the interior circumference of the rotor housing specifically to induce cavitation . the channels are shaped to control the size , oscillation , composition , duration , and implosion of the cavitation bubbles . the rotor is attached to a shaft which is driven by external power means . fluid pumped into the device is subjected to the relative motion between the rotor and the device housing , and exits the device at increased temperature . the device is thermodynamically highly efficient , despite the structural and mechanical simplicity of the apparatus . such devices accordingly provide efficient , simple , inexpensive , and reliable sources of distilled potable water for residential , commercial , and industrial use , as well as the separation and evaporation of other liquids . | 1 |
the invention provides a combination surgical trocar housing and selective reducer sleeve assembly in which the sleeve assembly members may be telescopically received within the trocar housing to reduce the diameter therethrough . the sleeve members provide a seal to prevent transmission of fluid within the annular area between internal and external diameters of respective members and may be latchingly secured relative to one another to resist telescopic expansive movement to stabilize the sleeve assembly relative to the trocar housing . the sleeve assembly permits acceptance through a single trocar housing of a number of auxiliary surgical instruments having serially smaller diameters , thus enabling performance of the surgical operation using each such instrument , without removal from the body wall of the original trocar housing . | 0 |
an improved energy density homopolar generator is disclosed . the generator includes a stator assembly for generating a magnetic field within an interior region and a rotor responsive to the input drive and the magnetic field for generating the output generator voltage . the rotor includes a current generator means that responds to the rotation of the rotor in the magnetic field to collect the current and voltage to output terminals . an energy storage means is also provided with the rotating rotor for storing kinetic energy where the energy storage capacity of a storage means is determined independently of collection of the current and voltage by the current generator means . | 7 |
a capacitor includes a bottom electrode and a top electrode positioned above the bottom electrode . the top electrode and the bottom electrode are conductively coupled to one another . a middle electrode is positioned between the bottom electrode and the top electrode . a lower dielectric layer is positioned between the bottom electrode and the middle electrode . an upper dielectric layer is positioned between the middle electrode and the top electrode . a first contact is conductively coupled to the top electrode . a second contact is conductively coupled to the middle electrode . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a noninvasive method for quantifying fel d 1 cat allergen expression levels — the major allergen responsible for cat allergies — in individual cats . | 2 |
Stellar kinematics provides a window into the gravitational field, and therefore into the distribution of all mass, including dark matter. Deep Potential is a method for determining the gravitational potential from a snapshot of stellar positions in phase space, using mathematical tools borrowed from deep learning to model the distribution function and solve the Collisionless Boltzmann equation. In this work, we extend the Deep Potential method to rotating systems, and then demonstrate that it can accurately recover the gravitational potential, density distribution, and pattern speed of a simulated barred disc galaxy, using only a frozen snapshot of the stellar velocities. We demonstrate that we are able to recover the bar pattern speed to within $15 \,\rm {per\, cent}$ in our simulated galaxy using stars in a 4 kpc subvolume centred on a Solar-like position, and to within $20 \,\rm{per\,cent}$ in a 2 kpc subvolume. In addition, by subtracting the mock 'observed' stellar density from the recovered total density, we are able to infer the radial profile of the dark matter density in our simulated galaxy. This extension of Deep Potential is an important step in allowing its application to the Milky Way, which has rotating features, such as a central bar and spiral arms, and may moreover provide a new method of determining the pattern speed of the Milky Way bar. | 9 |
the present invention is to provide a horizontal balance control system of motor vehicle comprising a pneumatic conveyor operable to actuate hydraulic devices , links , and other mechanical elements for generating a restraint force among wheels in the same line or not in the same line , a control means is operable to activate the pneumatic conveyor for outputting compressed gas to increase pressure of a valve thereof and enable wheels in the same line or not in the same line to rotate toward the same direction . by utilizing this , discomfort of a driver and one or more passengers due to moving forward or backward while the motor vehicle is braking or accelerating is eliminated . | 1 |
forceps with a pair of scissor - like arms that are pivotally connected to each other and that continue past the pivot to form a catheter guide . at least two and preferably three bends are disposed in the arms immediately before the pivot , which allow the medical professional to place the guiding end of the forceps in the correct place while maintaining good visual contact with the patient &# 39 ; s vocal cords . an alternative embodiment provides a fourth bend near the guiding end of the forceps that allows for easier insertion of a catheter in some patients , such as children . | 0 |
the kit for implanting a cementable endoprosthesis comprises a fitting instrument and at least two components to be implanted , namely an endoprosthesis shaft and a proximal centering and / or sealing element , the shaft and the fitting instrument being designed to be able to be coupled to each other , and the centering and / or sealing element being designed to be placeable on the shaft and to be displaceable in the direction of extension of the latter , and either the fitting instrument comprising a limit stop part which forms a limit stop relative to the centering and / or sealing element , or a marking being arranged on the fitting instrument and on the shaft in order to ensure a defined mutual position between the centering and / or sealing element and the shaft . | 0 |
a laptop computer protector system includes a fluid bladder system including fluid bladders . fluid pressurization means is operatively associated with the fluid bladders for inflating them . a sleeve is positioned about the fluid bladder system . the fluid pressurization means includes an air pump and fluid conduits for fluidly interconnecting the fluid bladders . | 0 |
a control apparatus of power steering device having functions of monitoring intermediate troubles such as offset or drift out of signal troubles of torque sensor , and limiting the current for limiting the assist function is presented . in a control apparatus of power steering device for controlling a motor on the basis of a current control value calculated from a steering assist command value calculated by calculating means on the basis of a steering torque generated on a steering shaft , and a current value of a motor for applying a steering assist force to a steering mechanism , wherein the difference of a main torque signal and a sub torque signal of a torque sensor for detecting the steering torque is stored preliminarily , and the difference of the main torque signal and the sub torque signal during operation is compared with the stored value , and at least the current control value is limited when the difference based on the comparison is a condition larger than a first prescribed value and continues for a time longer than a first prescribed time . | 1 |
a method for controlling a motor driving a pump using a microcomputer includes repeatedly sampling a parameter representative of motor torque over one cycle of operation of the pump , determining at least one point of maximum motor torque during said one cycle of operation of the pump ; applying speed commands to the motor from a table of stored speed values in memory , said values being selected to provide relatively greater speed commands at points of lower motor torque and relatively lesser speed commands at points of higher pump pressure corresponding to higher motor torque , while maintaining at least a base speed command to prevent stalling ; and synchronizing the first value in the table of stored values to the point of maximum motor torque . | 5 |
a slip system includes a set of drive slips having wickers thereon , substantially all of which being truncated in cross - section ; a set of gripping slips operatively interengagable with the set of drive slips ; a drive slip end ring in operable communication with the set of drive slips ; and a gripping slip end ring in operable communication with the set of gripping slips , the end rings capable of transmitting a load applied in an axial direction of the system to the set of gripping slips and the set of drive slips to tangentially load the set of drive slips and the set of gripping slips against each other thereby increasing a radial dimension of the system and distributing stresses created in a target tubular and method . | 4 |
a process for the deoxidation of a refractory metal containing minor concentrations of oxygen is disclosed . in this process the refractory metal is contacted with a metallic deoxidant in a dry , inert atmosphere . the metallic deoxidant and the refractory metal are heated to at least liquefy the metallic deoxidant and at least partially deoxidize the refractory metal . the refractory metal is thereafter cooled and contaminants on its surface are removed . | 2 |
a process for selectively esterifying α - l - aspartyl - l - phenylalanine to the corresponding alkyl esters using a proteolytic enzyme with specific esterase activity is described . the process is carried out in an aqueous - alcohol medium in which the alcohol concentration is sufficient to reverse the esterase activity . the α - l - aspartyl - l - phenylalanine alkyl esters so produced are useful as artificial sweeteners . | 2 |
in some embodiments , a socket with integral , retractable socket contact protector is presented . in this regard , a contact protector is introduced to protect contacts , and to provide openings through which the contacts can emerge to couple with lands . other embodiments are also disclosed and claimed . | 7 |
a method for treating steatorrhea in infants in need thereof by administering to the infant an amount of pancrelipase of from about 300 to about 2 , 500 usp units lipase / kg / meal or from about 1 , 500 to about 7 , 500 usp units lipase / kg / day . | 2 |
a ballpoint pen stand decorated with a movable ornament comprises a movable ornament , an ornament seat , a pen barrel , a pen cap , an ink cartridge , and a plurality of lead cords . when the writer takes off the pen cap , presses down the pen barrel , the top lid and the mount will come down too . it therefore shortens the distance between the top lid and the spring collar , the lead cords are loosened , rendering all limbs and joints of the ornament to sag . on the contrary , when the pressure is released , the lead cords are tightened up , the limbs and joints of the ornament recover to position . these successive action produce funny effect while writing with it . | 1 |
a foam reduction agent consisting of dibasic esters is shown and a process using a liquid contact with polystyrene foam wherein the higher boiling temperature of the dibasic esters and contact with the liquid provides a volume reduction process and less evaporation loss as well as safer transportation of the chemicals and the polystyrene in its reduced state . the resulting reduced sludge is also recyclable to superior quality raw polystyrene foam beads and the reduction agents are recoverable for future use . the resulting sludge also has unexpected beneficial uses hereto for unknown as a waterproofing agent . | 2 |
a reset cradle with integral reset tool assembly , that automatically positions the lock cylinder , the reset tool assembly , and all associated components , and choreographs the operations that need to be performed in the right sequential order . the reset cradle generally comprises a two - section housing including a base section with centrally - protruding tubular post into which the lock cylinder may be inserted , and a separate hub section rotatably seated on the base . inside the housing , a cam is engaged against the post and is rotatable thereabout along with relative rotation of the two - section housing . a reset member is also operative inside the housing , and is engaged by rotation of the cam for axial displacement into the lock cylinder . similarly , a detent pin is slidably seated in the post and is engaged by the cam for axial displacement into the lock cylinder . relative rotation of the two - part housing resets the lock cylinder via the reset member and detent pin , and allows the lock cylinder to be placed in a learn mode for rekeying without a valid key . | 8 |
apparatus is disclosed for feeding singled can lids from a conveyor to a spreader magnet buffer magazine , the can lids being made of magnetic material . the conveyor has an end roller made of magnetic material , the end roller being positioned adjacent to the magazine . curved tracks are provided between the end roller and the magazine , the tracks serving to control the direction of movement of the can lids as they move from the end roller into the magazine . | 1 |
a method is described for separating and processing liquid - borne particles within an aliquot thereof following injection into a field flow fractionator . said fractionation method may be employed also to capture , for subsequent segregation , specific predefined classes of such particles . the unique fractionation method disclosed contains means to control the applied transverse flow at each designated location along the length of said channel . in one embodiment of the method a separate compartment lies below each distinct location and corresponding membrane supporting permeable frit segment of the fractionator , providing the individual means to control the localized flow through the membrane section thereabove . employment of a corresponding concentric compartment implementation achieves the same type of compartmentalized cross flow when applied to a hollow fiber fractionation means . | 6 |
a detecting data processing apparatus configured to identify at least one of a plurality of code words present in a marked version of a material item . the detecting apparatus including a registration processor operable to compare the samples of the marked material item with a copy of the original material item samples . if a sample of the marked material item and the original material item differ by a comparison threshold , the registration processor replaces the compared sample of the marked material item with the corresponding sample from the original material item . | 7 |
some embodiments relate to a network comprising two rbridges connected by a link where the two rbridges are not the ingress and egress rbridge for said frames , wherein said rbridges automatically exchange information as to their support of hop - by - hop reversible frame aggregation , reversible header compression , and reversible data compression , and wherein if both rbridges support any or all of these features in the same fashion , one or more of said features are automatically applied to appropriate frames at the transmitting rbridge and removed at the receiving rbridge , increasing the throughput of the link . | 7 |
We present the images of a Hubble Space Telescope (HST/WFC3) snapshot program of angularly compact Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe), acquired with the aim of studying their size, evolutionary status, and morphology. PNe that are smaller than ∼4″ are underrepresented in most morphological studies, and today they are less well studied than their immediate evolutionary predecessors, the pre-planetary nebulae. The images have been acquired in the light of [O III]λ5007, which is commonly used to classify the PN morphology, in the UV continuum with the aim of detecting the central star unambiguously, and in the I-band to detect a cool stellar companion, if present. The sample of 51 confirmed PNe exhibits nearly the full range of primary morphological classes, with the distribution more heavily weighted toward bipolar PNe, but with the total of aspherical PNe almost identical to that of the general Galactic sample. A large range of microstructures is evident in our sample as well, with many nebulae displaying attached shells, halos, ansae, and internal structure in the form of arcs, rings, and spirals. Various aspherical structures in a few PNe, including detached arcs, suggest an interaction with the ISM. We studied the observed sample of compact Galactic PNe in the context of the general Galactic PN population, and explore whether their physical size, spatial distribution, reddening, radial metallicity gradient, and possible progenitors are peculiar within the population of Galactic PNe. We found that these compact Galactic PNe, which have been selected based on apparent dimensions, constitute a diverse Galactic PN population that is relatively uniformly distributed across the Galactic disk, including the outskirts of our Galaxy. This unique sample will be used in the future to probe the old Galactic disk population. | 9 |
an exercise apparatus that includes a frame , a rest member on the frame for receiving a user &# 39 ; s feet , and a first and a second arm that are pivotably interconnected to each other such that the arms are pivotably movable between a start or rest position and an extended position . the first arm is coupled to the frame . a seat is provided for supporting the user and carried by the second arm . an inclined base support member is disposed under the second arm and is for supporting the second arm during the movement between start and extended positions . a carriage may be associated with the inclined base support member . | 0 |
a system and a method for providing an additional audio content at the input of the car radio by tracking the available channels . the invention provides an invasive and non - invasive way of adding dominant audio content source to the existing car audio systems . | 7 |
provided herein are apparatus and methods relating to the development of instrumentation for high throughput network electrophysiology and cellular analysis . more specifically , provided herein are multiwell microelectrode arrays and methods for the development of such an apparatus in an inexpensive fashion with a flexible , ansi / sbs - compliant format . microelectrode arrays are a grid of tightly spaced microelectrodes useful for stimulating and sensing electrically active cells , networks and tissue . the techniques described herein relate to the use of microfabrication in combination with certain large - area processes that have been employed to achieve multiwell meas in ansi / sbs - compliant culture well formats , which are also transparent for inverted / backside microscopy compatibility . these multiwell meas can be used to investigate two and three - dimensional networks of electrically active cells and tissue such as cardiac , neural , and muscular in a high throughput fashion . also being ansi / sbs - compliant , they are compatible with machinery and robotics developed for the pharmaceutical industry for drug screening applications . | 8 |
an improved stackable charcoal briquet has a convex bottom and a concave top and is packaged in a stacked compact boxed package . a charcoal briquet having improved burning characteristics and also improved shipping and retailing characteristics is thereby provided . | 2 |
a method for preparing macroporous aminotriazine - aldehyde resins by reaction in the presence of an acid catalyst and a miscible porogen . the resin product has high surface area and porosity and displays excellent sorption capacity . | 2 |
For over 15 years the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) has been monitoring the entire high-energy gamma-ray sky, providing the best sampled 0.1 -- $>1$ TeV photons to this day. As a result, the Fermi-LAT has been serving the time-domain and multi-messenger community as the main source of gamma-ray activity alerts. All of this makes the Fermi-LAT a key instrument towards understanding the underlying physics behind the most extreme objects in the universe. However, generating mission-long LAT light curves can be very computationally expensive. The Fermi-LAT light curve repository (LCR) tackles this issue. The LCR is a public library of gamma-ray light curves for 1525 Fermi-LAT sources deemed variable in the 4FGL-DR2 catalog. The repository consists of light curves on timescales of days, weeks, and months, generated through a full-likelihood unbinned analysis of the source and surrounding region, providing flux and photon index measurements for each time interval. Hosted at NASA's FSSC, the library provides users with access to this continually updated light curve data, further serving as a resource to the time-domain and multi-messenger communities. | 9 |
The quest for a B-mode imprint from primordial gravity waves on the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) requires the characterization of foreground polarization from Galactic dust. We present a statistical study of the filamentary structure of the 353 GHz Planck Stokes maps at high Galactic latitude, relevant to the study of dust emission as a polarized foreground to the CMB. We filter the intensity and polarization maps to isolate filaments in the range of angular scales where the power asymmetry between E-modes and B-modes is observed. Using the Smoothed Hessian Major Axis Filament Finder (SMAFF), we identify 259 filaments at high Galactic latitude, with lengths larger or equal to 2° (corresponding to 3.5 pc in length for a typical distance of 100 pc). Thesefilaments show a preferred orientation parallel to the magnetic field projected onto the plane of the sky, derived from their polarization angles. We present mean maps of the filaments in Stokes I, Q, U, E, and B, computed by stacking individual images rotated to align the orientations of the filaments. Combining the stacked images and the histogram of relative orientations, we estimate the mean polarization fraction of the filaments to be 11%. Furthermore, we show that the correlation between the filaments and the magnetic field orientations may account for the E and B asymmetry and the C<SUB>ℓ</SUB><SUP>TE</SUP>/C<SUB>ℓ</SUB><SUP>EE</SUP> ratio, reported in the power spectra analysis of the Planck353 GHz polarization maps. Future models of the dust foreground for CMB polarization studies will need to take into account the observed correlation between the dust polarization and the structure of interstellar matter. | 9 |
cellular mobile radio system having at least two base stations , and at least one mobile unit arranged to communicate with the base stations via a radio medium is provided . each base station includes apparatus for detecting the power of received signals , apparatus for generating a power control signalling bit for controlling the amplitude of a power signal , and apparatus for transmitting the power signal to the mobile unit . the mobile unit includes apparatus for receiving the power control bits , and apparatus means for monitoring the power control bits to identify the base station sending a greater number of control bits over a transmit frame , indicating that base station has received the higher average power signal over the transmit frame . | 7 |
a pogo welding apparatus especially for spot welding metal sheets at selected locations spaced away from their edges wherein the sheets are held in a temporary assembly with the selected locations engaged and separate programmable positioners move a primary electrode and a backup electrode sequentially against opposite sides of the selected locations to spot weld the sheets at the selected locations in sequence . various alternative programmable positioners , including robots of varying types , may be used to carry the electrodes . | 1 |
an image forming method for operating a moving image - bearing member bearing an electrostatic latent image and a plurality of developing units disposed near the image - bearing member and being selectively operable is described . the color image forming method develops the electrostatic latent image by using a magnetic developer brush formed on the surface of a developer support and conveyance means , and includes the steps of : providing a rotating cylinder for supporting and conveying the magnetic developer , the cylinder including a permanent magnet with a plurality of magnetic poles on the cylinder surface ; supplying a magnetic developer containing non - magnetic color toner for color image formation ; attracting and conveying a layer of magnetic developer having a smaller thickness than the gap between the image - bearing member and the developer support and conveyance cylinder on the cylinder surface ; and applying in the developing region an alternate electric field with an ac bias superimposed on a dc bias between the image - bearing member and the magnetic developer for the developing of an electrostatic latent image on the image - bearing member . the method also includes a surface magnetic flux density ranging from 50 to 1200 g , and a value of h , defined as πd · v p /, of 2 or less wherein v p is the moving speed of the image - bearer , and d , m , and v m are the outer diameter , the number of magnetic poles , and the peripheral speed of the permanent magnet , respectively . | 6 |
apparatus in a copier fusing assembly for distributing the wear on a hot roll occasioned by the use of variable length copy sheets . this wear is distributed over the horizontal length of the hot roll by reversing the hot roll , end - for - end . easy reversal of the hot roll is made possible by utilization of a hot roll subframe which is removably mounted in the copier fuser mainframe . a hot roll handle on the subframe allows for manual removal of the subframe and hot roll from the mainframe and out of the copier where they are reversed and inserted back into the mainframe . operation of a latch handle moves a sheet detach bar and sheet transport exit - ways away from the downstream side of the fusing nip to facilitate jam clearance . | 6 |
a game machine is provided in which the effective area for the game is not restricted even if the display area of the variable display unit is increased . the game machine comprises a variable display unit having an electronic display device , and a transparent area arranged with nails , decorations such as pinwheels , and a winning port which area is provided in front of the variable display unit . | 0 |
according to the invention , a fare card for storing information in a plurality of different ways for use in a transit system is disclosed . the fare card includes a card body that has at least a first region and a second region . the first region is located adjacent to an edge of the card body and has a first thickness . the second region has a second thickness that is different than the first thickness . a first data storage element for storing fare information is included in the first region , and a second data storage element is included in the second region . | 6 |
a locating device to find all hidden utility outlets such as electrical boxes after a wall covering such as gypsum board has been placed there over . the apparatus in one embodiment includes a first body locatable within a junction box proximate a rear surface of a wall covering , said first body having a magnet located therein . a second body locatable proximate a front surface of the wall covering opposite the first body . the second body includes scribing points to mark an indent on the surface of the said wall covering . the apparatus further comprises an elongate member having proximate and distal ends and being pivotally mounted to the second body . the elongate member has a second magnet at the proximate end thereof wherein the distal end is alignable with an alignment indicator when the scribing points on the second body are aligned with the entry point for a cutting tool . | 6 |
Summary This release has only one headline feature: the addition of the FlashCamExtractor to support the signal shaping needed to properly analyze the data of FlashCam. See the changelog in the documentation and the list of merged PRs down below. Contributors @Tobychev, @clara-escanuela, @kosack, @maxnoe and @zinob What has changed since v0.18.1 Pull-requests containing changes of multiple nature are repeated. Flashcam extractor (#2188) @clara-escanuela Better errors in case of no events in train tools (#2295) @maxnoe Rename GeometryReco to HillasGeometryReco (#2293) @Tobychev Maintenance Render 0.19 changelog using towncrier (#2300) @maxnoe Adapt default config for flashcam, bring in line with current grid production (#2299) @maxnoe Fix status of CEP-001, add link to PR (#2298) @maxnoe Remove or move examples to documentation (#2266) @kosack Fixing link to cta-observatory.org (#2297) @zinob Install ffmpeg on readthedocs (#2302) @maxnoe | 9 |
the invention concerns a method for identifying peptide compounds derived from hsp70 , having at least one mutation relative to the hsp70 natural sequence , said compounds bringing about a response t specific of tumours , and the peptide compounds obtainable by said method . the invention also concerns the use of said peptide compounds for performing repeated immunization in a subject so as to interrupt immune tolerance for the corresponding natural peptide . said peptide compounds are useful for preparing a medicine designed in particular for treating cancer optionally in combination with any agent provoking tumour cell stress . | 0 |
a document reading apparatus comprises a contact type image sensor having a protection glass located at a surface where a document is to be read , first roller mechanism for supplying a document which is to be read in a document transport direction on the protection glass of the contact type image sensor , a platen roller which is rotatably supported at a position confronting the protection glass , a support mechanism for rotatably supporting the platen roller , and a restricting mechanism . the support mechanism permits a movement of the platen roller in a predetermined direction which is approximately perpendicular to a surface of the protection glass depending on a thickness of the document which is supplied between the platen roller and the protection glass by the first roller mechanism . the restricting mechanism restricts a position of the platen roller to a predetermined position when no document is inserted between the platen roller and the protection glass so that a predetermined gap is formed therebetween . | 7 |
Stellar population synthesis (SPS) models are invaluable to study star clusters and galaxies. They provide means to extract stellar masses, stellar ages, star formation histories, chemical enrichment, and dust content of galaxies from their integrated spectral energy distributions, colours, or spectra. As most models, they contain uncertainties that can hamper our ability to model and interpret observed spectra. This work aims at studying a specific source of model uncertainty: the choice of an empirical versus a synthetic stellar spectral library. Empirical libraries suffer from limited coverage of parameter space, while synthetic libraries suffer from modelling inaccuracies. Given our current inability to have both ideal stellar-parameter coverage with ideal stellar spectra, what should one favour: better coverage of the parameters (synthetic library) or better spectra on a star-by-star basis (empirical library)? To study this question, we build a synthetic stellar library mimicking the coverage of an empirical library, and SPS models with different choices of stellar library tailored to these investigations. Through the comparison of model predictions and the spectral fitting of a sample of nearby galaxies, we learned that predicted colours are more affected by the coverage effect than the choice of a synthetic versus empirical library; the effects on predicted spectral indices are multiple and defy simple conclusions; derived galaxy ages are virtually unaffected by the choice of the library, but are underestimated when SPS models with limited parameter coverage are used; metallicities are robust against limited HRD coverage, but are underestimated when using synthetic libraries. | 9 |
Exploiting the sensitivity of the IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) and its ability to process large instantaneous bandwidths, we have studied the morphology and other properties of the molecular gas and dust in the star forming galaxy, H-ATLAS J131611.5+281219 (HerBS-89a), at z = 2.95. High angular resolution (0<SUB>.</SUB>″3) images reveal a partial 1<SUB>.</SUB>″0 diameter Einstein ring in the dust continuum emission and the molecular emission lines of <SUP>12</SUP>CO(9-8) and H<SUB>2</SUB>O(2<SUB>02</SUB> - 1<SUB>11</SUB>). Together with lower angular resolution (0<SUB>.</SUB>″6) images, we report the detection of a series of molecular lines including the three fundamental transitions of the molecular ion OH<SUP>+</SUP>, namely (1<SUB>1</SUB> - 0<SUB>1</SUB>), (1<SUB>2</SUB> - 0<SUB>1</SUB>), and (1<SUB>0</SUB> - 0<SUB>1</SUB>), seen in absorption; the molecular ion CH<SUP>+</SUP>(1 - 0) seen in absorption, and tentatively in emission; two transitions of amidogen (NH<SUB>2</SUB>), namely (2<SUB>02</SUB> - 1<SUB>11</SUB>) and (2<SUB>20</SUB> - 2<SUB>11</SUB>) seen in emission; and HCN(11 - 10) and/or NH(1<SUB>2</SUB> - 0<SUB>1</SUB>) seen in absorption. The NOEMA data are complemented with Very Large Array data tracing the <SUP>12</SUP>CO(1 - 0) emission line, which provides a measurement of the total mass of molecular gas and an anchor for a CO excitation analysis. In addition, we present Hubble Space Telescope imaging that reveals the foreground lensing galaxy in the near-infrared (1.15 μm). Together with photometric data from the Gran Telescopio Canarias, we derive a photometric redshift of z<SUB>phot</SUB> = 0.9<SUB>-0.5</SUB><SUP>+0.3</SUP> for the foreground lensing galaxy. Modeling the lensing of HerBS-89a, we reconstruct the dust continuum (magnified by a factor μ ≃ 5.0) and molecular emission lines (magnified by μ ∼ 4 - 5) in the source plane, which probe scales of ∼0<SUB>.</SUB>″1 (or 800 pc). The <SUP>12</SUP>CO(9 - 8) and H<SUB>2</SUB>O(2<SUB>02</SUB> - 1<SUB>11</SUB>) emission lines have comparable spatial and kinematic distributions; the source-plane reconstructions do not clearly distinguish between a one-component and a two-component scenario, but the latter, which reveals two compact rotating components with sizes of ≈1 kpc that are likely merging, more naturally accounts for the broad line widths observed in HerBS-89a. In the core of HerBS-89a, very dense gas with n<SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB></SUB> ∼ 10<SUP>7 - 9</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP> is revealed by the NH<SUB>2</SUB> emission lines and the possible HCN(11 - 10) absorption line. HerBS-89a is a powerful star forming galaxy with a molecular gas mass of M<SUB>mol</SUB> = (2.1 ± 0.4) × 10<SUP>11</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, an infrared luminosity of L<SUB>IR</SUB> = (4.6 ± 0.4) × 10<SUP>12</SUP> L<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and a dust mass of M<SUB>dust</SUB> = (2.6 ± 0.2) × 10<SUP>9</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, yielding a dust-to-gas ratio δ<SUB>GDR</SUB> ≈ 80. We derive a star formation rate SFR = 614 ± 59 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> and a depletion timescale τ<SUB>depl</SUB> = (3.4 ± 1.0) × 10<SUP>8</SUP> years. The OH<SUP>+</SUP> and CH<SUP>+</SUP> absorption lines, which trace low (∼100 cm<SUP>-3</SUP>) density molecular gas, all have their main velocity component red-shifted by ΔV ∼ 100 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> relative to the global CO reservoir. We argue that these absorption lines trace a rare example of gas inflow toward the center of a galaxy, indicating that HerBS-89a is accreting gas from its surroundings. <P />The reduced datacubes are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/646/A122">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/646/A122</A> | 9 |
a thermal displacement correction method is provided , including the steps of presetting coordinate data for a fixed position of a workpiece on a table , finding an amount of displacement of the fixed position of the workpiece at a current cutting edge position based on the detected temperature , the coordinate data of the cutting edge position , and the coordinate data of the fixed position , and computing a difference in the coordinate data between the fixed position of the workpiece and the cutting edge position , finding an amount of displacement of the workpiece between its fixed position and the cutting edge position based on the detected temperature and the difference in the coordinate data between the fixed position and the cutting edge position , and computing a sum of each amount of displacement to define an estimated value and correcting thermal displacement using an nc unit based on the estimated value . | 6 |
an electric motor - driven fluid pump , more particularly a fuel supply pump , simply and cost effectively constructed from only a few individual parts , preferably molded of a synthetic material , and preassembled as structural groups . the preferred embodiment comprises a pump of the lateral channel type having an impeller made integral with the motor armature ; a tubular central housing portion which encloses the permanent magnets of the electric motor ; and flange - like housing terminals on both sides of the central housing portion . the exteriors of the housing terminals are provided with pressure and suction nozzles and the interiors are provided with the stationary part of the pump and the commutator guides for the collector . | 5 |
We present a millimeter spectral analysis of a star forming region near the Galactic center in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ). Source "c" (G0.380+0.050), located in the dust ridge, is a cloud that, for its concentrated mass (~1000 solar masses within a radius of < 1 pc), should be star forming at a much higher rate. We observed the J=1-0 transitions of the CO isotopologues, 12C16O, 12C18O, 12C17O, 13C16O, as a part of a larger survey of 30 positions in the CMZ, using ALMA band 3 with an angular resolution of 2" (0.08 pc). Our goal is to characterize the masses of individual substructures in this protocluster. By observing multiple CO isotopologues and gas phase temperature tracers our goal is to establish more accurate masses for the substructures than can be determined by the dust continuum alone as it suffers from a fundamental uncertainty on the dust temperature. The CO column densities that we measure will also be valuable for establishing absolute abundances for chemical studies of this source using data from the ALMA Large program ACES (ALMA Central Molecular Zone Exploration Survey). | 9 |
a cassette for a waste disposal device , the cassette including an outer wall , an inner wall , a flexible tubing positioned between the outer wall and the inner wall , and a rim having a top surface and a bottom surface . the rim is positioned between the outer wall and the inner wall and extends from a top surface of the outer wall toward the inner wall . the bottom surface of the rim faces the flexible tubing , and the rim includes a plurality of protrusions on the top surface of the rim to engage with a rotation mechanism of a waste disposal device . | 1 |
a flashlight mounting arrangement may comprise a flashlight body having a source of light therein , and a mounting saddle for detachably affixing the flashlight body on an object , the mounting saddle detachably engaging the flashlight body . optionally , the flashlight may have a rotatable lamp head , and the lamp head may also include a reflector having one or more sources of light , e . g ., an incandescent lamp and a light emitting diode , therein . also optionally , a battery charger may be provided to recharge a battery for the flashlight . | 5 |
an intravascular filter is constructed to electrostatically capture and retain particles of a targeted type , even if those particles are physically small enough to slip through the filter in the absence of electrostatic attraction . specific types of targeted particles are thereby captured and retained with improved efficiency , while permitting free flow of non - targeted particles . this improvement permits intravascular filters to be constructed with low - resistance , widely spaced filter elements . accordingly , more targeted particles are captured , less thrombosis occurs , less pressure drop occurs across the filter , and perfusion or blood collection in downstream areas is maintained . | 0 |
a method and system for storing of a bulk commodity utilizes a flexible , low air - permeable sheet material enclosure in which the bulk commodity is hermetically sealed . the atmosphere in the sealed flexible sheet material enclosure is evacuated to establish a vacuum therein . the vacuum is maintained during at least a portion of the storage of the commodity to ensure a significant reduction of the commodity . the temperature of the commodity is maintained sufficiently high to ensure substantial total kill of infesting insects within a desired time period . at least a portion of the commodity can be removed from the enclosure by opening a hermetic seal therein . | 0 |
new 6xxx aluminum alloy bodies and methods of producing the same are disclosed . the new 6xxx aluminum alloy bodies may be produced by preparing the aluminum alloy body for post - solutionizing cold work , cold working by at least 25 %, and then thermally treating . the new 6xxx aluminum alloy bodies may realize improved strength and other properties . | 2 |
it has been found that by treating seismic data as damped oscillatory responses of earth layers in the form of resonating layer bars of rocks , data values , termed alpha values , can be obtained which yield an indication of subsurface composition . seismic data are accordingly processed by obtaining an indication of the frequency - amplitude spectrum of each successive portion or data window of a seismic trace , determining the half - power points of each such spectrum for the trace , obtaining from the half - power points the alpha value for each trace and recording or plotting the alpha values . the alpha values obtained according to the present invention have been found to be useful in lithologic identification and in obtaining porosity information . the present invention is a calculator or digital data processing computer for obtaining such alpha values from field seismic data . | 6 |
a method including : obtaining a sequence of pictures from a camera associated with a video conferencing endpoint ; determining a presence of a target point coinciding with an optical source within a field of view of the camera , wherein the optical source emits pulses of electromagnetic radiation at a rate that causes the camera to capture some frames with a pulse of electromagnetic radiation from the optical source and some frames without the pulse of electromagnetic radiation from the optical source ; determining a location of the target point within one or more of the pictures by comparing a first frame from the camera that includes the pulse of electromagnetic radiation from the optical source and a second frame from the camera that does not include the pulse of electromagnetic radiation from the optical source ; moving the camera so that a center of one or more subsequent pictures obtained by the camera coincides with the target point ; and zooming the camera until receipt of an instruction to stop zooming is received , or until maximal zoom is achieved . | 7 |
There is growing evidence that Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are likely produced via multiple explosion channels. Understanding how different channels evolve with redshift is critical in determining their precision in measuring cosmological parameters. Previous studies indicated that SN Ia ejecta velocity is one powerful tool to differentiate between different channels. It was also suspected that the tight correlation with the host-galaxy environment could result in the evolution of SN ejecta velocities. In this work, we measure the Si II 6355 velocities from ~400 confirmed SNe Ia discovered by the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey (PS1-MDS), and combine them with the SNe discovered by different surveys to form a large compilation of velocity measurements. For the first time, we find that the SNe Ia with faster Si II 6355 have a significantly different redshift distribution from their slower counterparts (with a p-value of 0.00008 from the K-S test), in the sense that HV SNe Ia are more likely to be found at lower redshift. The trend may suggest a strong evolution of SN Ia ejecta velocity, or imply that the SN Ia demographics (as distinguished by their ejecta velocities) are likely to vary with time. Our results also imply that the progenitor system of HV SNe Ia (and possibly some NV SNe Ia) may favor a metal-rich environment and/or scenarios of long delay time. However, we do not see a significant difference (in ~2 sigma) in Hubble residuals when splitting our sample based on the Si II 6355 velocity. | 9 |
an energy conversion system comprises a plurality of concentrically arranged combustion chambers for passing incinerated waste plastic fuel along a generally s - shaped combustion path into a discharge section for thermally coupling the incinerated waste plastic fuel to a fluid material to facilitate an energy conversion process . the combustion chambers are arranged concentrically around a single rotatable feed mechanism and the combustion chambers are in fluid communication with one another . the fluid material is contained within a boiler in fluid communication with the combustion chambers for heating the fluid material to facilitate the energy conversion process . | 5 |
a lock for furniture or similar articles with a flexible tamboured cover which traverses a track . upon actuation of the lock , the pin is shifted within the track and prevents movement of the cover therein . | 8 |
a vandal - resistant gate which is constructed in such a manner that it only opens wide enough to accommodate a credit card but not coins or other foreign objects . in this manner the gate allows the entry of a credit card but resists the insertion of coins or other objects which would immobilize the machine . | 6 |
a vehicle seat includes a head restraint which limits the magnitude of neck deflection of a vehicle occupant during a rear impact collision . the head restraint includes a support member attached to the top of a head restraint post . the support member includes a convex surface shaped to substantially conform to the profile of an occupant &# 39 ; s head and neck . the support member is covered by a resilient material such as foam . the foam thickness is reduced due to the presence of the support member . reduced foam thickness in addition to the shape of the support member provides for reduced occupant neck deflection during a rear impact collision . | 1 |
the present invention relates to an ic substrate provided with over voltage protection functions and thus , a plurality of over voltage protection devices are provided on a single substrate to protect an ic chip directly . according to the present invention , there is no need to install protection devices at respective i / o ports on a printed circuit board to prevent the ic devices from damage by surge pulses . therefore , the costs to design circuits are reduced , the limited space is efficiently utilized , and unit costs to install respective protection devices are lowered down . | 7 |
a display includes a flat display panel and at least a polarizer positioned on an upper surface or a lower surface of the flat display panel . the polarizer has at least a surface treated with a roughness treatment . | 6 |
Filamentary structures are often identified in column density maps of molecular clouds, and appear to be important for both low- and high-mass star formation. Theoretically, these structures are expected to form in regions where the supersonic cloud-scale turbulent velocity field converges. While this model of filament formation successfully reproduces several of their properties derived from column densities, it is unclear whether it can also reproduce their kinematic features. We use a combination of hydrodynamical, chemical, and radiative transfer modelling to predict the emission properties of these dynamically forming filaments in the <SUP>13</SUP>CO, HCN, and N<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUP>+</SUP> $J=1{\!-\!}0$ rotational lines. The results are largely in agreement with observations; in particular, line widths are typically subsonic to transonic, even for filaments that have formed from highly supersonic inflows. If the observed filaments are formed dynamically, as our results suggest, no equilibrium analysis is possible, and simulations that presuppose the existence of a filament are likely to produce unrealistic results. | 9 |
<BR /> Aims: In order to pinpoint the place of the (ultra-) luminous infrared galaxies ((U)LIRGs) in the local Universe, we examine the properties of a sample of 67 such nearby systems and compare them with those of 268 early- and 542 late-type, well studied, galaxies from the DustPedia database. <BR /> Methods: We made use of multi-wavelength photometric data (from the ultra-violet to the sub-millimetre), culled from the literature, and the CIGALE spectral energy distribution fitting code to extract the physical parameters of each system. The median spectral energy distributions as well as the values of the derived parameters were compared to those of the local early- and late-type galaxies. In addition to that, (U)LIRGs were divided into seven classes, according to the merging stage of each system, and variations in the derived parameters were investigated. <BR /> Results: (U)LIRGs occupy the `high-end' on the dust mass, stellar mass, and star-formation rate (SFR) plane in the local Universe with median values of 5.2 × 10<SUP>7</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, 6.3 × 10<SUP>10</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and 52 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. The median value of the dust temperature in (U)LIRGs is 32 K, which is higher compared to both the early-type (28 K) and the late-type (22 K) galaxies. The dust emission in PDR regions in (U)LIRGs is 11.7% of the total dust luminosity, which is significantly higher than early-type (1.6%) and late-type (5.2%) galaxies. Small differences in the derived parameters are seen for the seven merging classes of our sample of (U)LIRGs with the most evident one being on the SFR, where in systems in late merging stages (`M3' and `M4') the median SFR reaches up to 99 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>−1</SUP> compared to 26 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>−1</SUP> for the isolated ones. In contrast to the local early- and late-type galaxies where the old stars are the dominant source of the stellar emission, the young stars in (U)LIRGs contribute with 64% of their luminosity to the total stellar luminosity. The fraction of the stellar luminosity absorbed by the dust is extremely high in (U)LIRGs (78%) compared to 7% and 25% in early- and late-type galaxies, respectively. The fraction of the stellar luminosity used to heat up the dust grains is very high in (U)LIRGs, for both stellar components (92% and 56% for the young and the old stellar populations, respectively) while 74% of the dust emission comes from the young stars. | 9 |
the process for manufacturing a magnetic circuit for a valve represents a particularly cost - effective version with minimized material use . for this purpose , a single - part valve housing has a groove , where a non - magnetic intermediate ring is placed . an axial pressing force is applied on the intermediate ring using a pressing tool , radially displacing the material of the intermediate ring and the valve housing . with a simple machining operation , valve house material is removed from an opening , so that the internal field and the valve jacket are spatially separated from the components obtained from the valve housing by the intermediate ring . the magnetic circuit thus manufactured is particularly well suited for fuel injection valves for fuel injection systems of internal combustion working with an externally ignited compressed mixture . | 7 |
a color cathode ray tube display device which is compensated for color distortion due to , e . g . vibration , comprises means for producing signals representing the respective color light outputs from the phosphor screen , means for comparing the signals with the corresponding color impact video signals and means to provide a correction signal to reduce any deviation between the signals . | 7 |
apparatus for severing and stripping a portion of a coating material from an elongated member such as an insulated electrical conductor , or the like , utilizing a pair of overlapping blades having cutting edges formed at the junction of two planar surfaces meeting at an acute angle . the blades are moved relative to one another , radially of the conductor , to cause the cutting edges to move radially partially through the layer of insulation . relative movement of the blades and conductor axially of the conductor completes the severing of a slug of insulation , all in accordance with the prior art . the present apparatus is distinguished by making the planar surface portions immediately adjacent the cutting edges of the overlapping blades and engaged with the portion of the insulation to be stripped , i . e ., the portions of the blades which apply the axial severing force , at equal angles , either 90 ° or an acute angle , to the direction of relative movement . the disclosure is also embodied in the method of cutting and severing a slug of coating material in the foregoing manner . | 7 |
a method of automatic notification to selected remote devices in response to machine conditions detected by a machine monitoring element including displaying machine condition options for selection of predetermined machine conditions for automatic notification to remote stations , selectively programming the predetermined machine conditions for notification to the remote locations , monitoring the operation of the machine , determining a machine condition to be a condition to require a notification to the remote locations , and automatically initiating a notification to the remote locations on a priority basis including notification to a first remote station in response to a first machine condition and notification to a second remote station in response to a second machine condition detected by the machine monitoring element . | 6 |
a chandelier hanging which consists of at least one non - transparent supporting bar and several outer bars surrounding the supporting bar . the supporting bar has a lustrous surface which is reflecting and which reflects rays coming from a light source onto the outer bars . the outer bars consist of transparent or translucent material , preferably glass . | 5 |
a method for determining fuel injection pressure or detecting a discrepancy in the fuel injection process of an internal combustion engine is provided . the engine includes a camshaft that actuates at least one fuel injector of the engine &# 39 ; s fuel injection equipment . the method includes the step of determining a value t that is representative of the torque generated on the camshaft , such as the instantaneous torque or rotational speed of the camshaft , the torque being a resultant of accelerating and decelerating forces exerted on the camshaft by the at least one fuel injector during a phase of operation of the internal combustion engine . the method also includes the step of monitoring the value t for any increment , decrement or irregularity . | 8 |
a plant for the reduction of nitrogen oxide in furnace waste gases includes a furnace , a reactor serving for selective catalytic reduction , and a regenerative heat exchanger to be used for air preheaters as well as for gas preheaters for the treatment of pollutant - containing waste gases which are in a heat exchange with another medium . the regenerative heat exchanger has stationary or revolving storage masses which are composed at least partially of catalytic material . a reduction agent is supplied to the regenerative heat exchanger . the reactor is arranged concentrically above the regenerative heat exchanger . preferably , the reactor is placed directly onto the housing of the heat exchanger . | 5 |
a charge pump and a voltage doubler are provided . the charge pump minimizes the difference in voltage between the terminals of a mos transistor by serially connecting pmos and nmos transistors inside the charge pump circuit . the charge pump is able to provide a higher voltage while avoiding a large voltage difference at the gate - source , gate - base and gate - drain interfaces . | 7 |
a deliberately simple ski vise is provided which utilizes essential structural elements requiring only a minimum of machining . the vise is preferably used in conjunction with another identical vise to hold skis securely to a table top or other flat surface while the skis are ` tuned ` or otherwise worked upon . the skis may be clamped in any desired position , and irrespective of the widths of the skis , the skis may be clamped in position and unclamped with unprecedented ease and speed . a novel , quick - release mechanism is provided on the vise which serves to lock movable jaws of the ski vise relative to each other so as to negate longitudinal travel relative to each other except by rotation of a rod which is at least partially threaded to provide a screw - clamping action . | 1 |
a motion correction device for images recorded by a camcorder from incident light having an incident direction . the device comprises at least one of horizontal and vertical component pick - ups . each component pick - up comprises a converter for converting light into electrical signals , and a thin transmitter - reflector for transmitting a portion of the incident light at substantially the incident direction and for reflecting a remaining portion of the incident light at a range of other directions such that substantially all the reflected light impinges on the converter . the thin transmitter - reflector may be a curved transmission mirror for focusing the reflected light on the converter or a flat transmitter - reflector with a condenser disposed between the thin transmitter - reflector and the converter for focusing the reflected light onto the converter . | 7 |
We present a multiwavelength analysis of a quasiperiodic pulsation (QPP) observed in the hard X-ray (HXR), radio, and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) channels during an M1.9 flare that occurred on 2011 September 23-24. The nonthermal HXR emission in 25-50 keV observed by RHESSI shows five distinct impulsive peaks of decaying amplitude with a period of about 3 minutes. A similar QPP was observed in the microwave emission recorded by the Nobeyama Radioheliograph and Polarimeter in the 2, 3.75, 9.4, and 17 GHz channels. Interestingly, the 3-minute QPP was also observed in the metric and decimetric radio frequencies (25-180, 245, 610 MHz) as repetitive type III bursts. Multiwavelength observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Image Assembly, Hinode/SOT, and Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory/SECCHI suggest a fan-spine topology at the eruption site, associated with the formation of a quasi-circular ribbon during the flare. A small filament was observed below the fan loops before the flare onset. The filament rose slowly and interacted with the ambient field. This behavior was followed by an untwisting motion of the filament. Two different structures of the filament showed an approximately 3-minute periodic alternate rotation in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions. The 3-minute QPP was found to highly correlate with 3-minute oscillations in a nearby sunspot. We suggest that the periodic reconnection (modulated either by a sunspot slow-mode wave or by an untwisting filament) at a magnetic null point most likely causes the repetitive particle acceleration, generating the QPP observed in HXR, microwave, and type III radio bursts. | 9 |
granulated forms of various active ingredients can be prepared with a small amount of a dissolvable polymer and a solvent for that polymer . the solvent dissolves at least a portion of the polymer . this dissolved polymer acts as a particle lubricant for the extrusion process and , when the solvent is removed , as a binder for the final extrudate . a poly is preferred and , in the presence of a small amount of solvent , dissolves sufficiently to provide lubricity to the extrusion mixture that the solids can be extruded with little friction and associated local temperature rise thru the extrusion die . | 1 |
a catalytic converter adapted for use in the exhaust system of internal combustion engines comprising a shell made of a pair of half shells forming an inlet chamber and a catalyst chamber , and a funnel - like outlet shell forming an outlet chamber . the inlet chamber has inlet ports communicating with exhaust pipes respectively and the outlet chamber has an outlet port communicating with a downstream exhaust pipe . the catalyst chamber resiliently supports a monolithic type catalyst element . the outlet shell which defines the outlet chamber is adapted to engage the inside of the pair of shells which form the catalyst chamber . | 5 |
apparatus for monitoring , characterizing , and testing coolant recirculation systems has , in combination , a heat load , a flow meter measuring flow rate of the coolant , inlet and outlet thermometers , and a data recorder connected to the flow meter , inlet thermometer , and outlet thermometer for recording their data outputs . the data recorder has an output representing flow rate , coolant inlet temperature , and coolant outlet temperature , whereby the coolant - recirculating heat exchanger system is characterized . a computer connected to the data recorder output is operable for computing heat removal capacity . the apparatus is specially adapted for methods of monitoring , characterizing , and testing coolant recirculation systems , including determining their maximum heat removal capacities . | 6 |
presented is a hat blocking structure that is convertible to provide for the blocking of different styles of brims with different styles of crowns on hats to be blocked . | 0 |
a plug - in module for mounting on a mounting device is provided , the plug - in module including a housing with a rear mounting face and plug regions on the front face . at least one additional plug region is formed between the front face and the rear mounting face on the housing . | 7 |
We present evidence of the gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background by 10<SUP>13</SUP> solar mass dark matter halos. Lensing convergence maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol) are stacked at the positions of around 12 000 optically selected CMASS galaxies from the SDSS-III/BOSS survey. The mean lensing signal is consistent with simulated dark matter halo profiles and is favored over a null signal at 3.2 σ significance. This result demonstrates the potential of microwave background lensing to probe the dark matter distribution in galaxy group and galaxy cluster halos. | 9 |
a method to accurately sense the stoichiometric air - to - fuel ratio byaintaining the electromotive force of an oxygen sensor at a predetermined value of about 100 mv and using an oxygen concentration measuring device of the solid electrolyte oxygen pumping type . | 6 |
a power feed device for an electrical component which improves the quality of transmission and reduces the mounting density of a printed circuit board in the power feed device or reduces the thickness of the printed circuit board and thereby realizes smaller size , provided with a power supply for supplying power , a printed circuit board having built - in signal line patterns , and a power bar having conductive projections provided in shapes and at positions corresponding to the shapes and positions of electrodes of the electrical component and provided outside of the printed circuit board , power from the power supply being supplied through the conductive projections of the power bar to electrodes of the electrical component . | 7 |
methods and apparatus for treating a patient include an ablation device for ablating a target tissue of a patient . the device includes a housing having proximal and distal ends , and an energy source adjacent the distal end of the housing . the energy source comprises an active portion and an inactive portion surrounded by and extending continuously within the active portion . the active portion comprises a first solid material and is configured to emit ablation energy towards the target tissue when the energy source is energized to create a partial or complete zone of ablation in the target tissue . the inactive portion comprises a second solid material different from the first solid material and does not actively emit energy when the energy source is energized . | 0 |
a method for providing debounce and jog control for a keyboard includes loading a first electronic storage register with a value indicative of a debounce period for the keyboard and loading a second electronic storage register with a value indicative of a jog period for the keyboard . the keyboard is scanned for a pressed key , and a signal indicative of the pressed key is debounced . the method further includes providing electronic signals for key status and jog and asserting an interrupt in accordance with the indicated debounce period and the indicated jog period while the debounced signal indicates the pressed key is down . keys of the keyboard other than the pressed key are prevented from being scanned until the debounced signal indicates that the pressed key has come up . | 7 |
The detection of emission lines associated with accretion processes is a direct method for studying how and where gas giant planets form, how young planets interact with their natal protoplanetary disk, and how volatile delivery to their atmosphere takes place. Hα (λ = 0.656 μm) is expected to be the strongest accretion line observable from the ground with adaptive optics systems, and is therefore the target of specific high-contrast imaging campaigns. We present MagAO-X and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data obtained to search for Hα emission from the previously detected protoplanet candidate orbiting AS209, identified through Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations. No signal was detected at the location of the candidate, and we provide limits on its accretion. Our data would have detected an Hα emission with F <SUB>Hα </SUB> > 2.5 ± 0.3 × 10<SUP>-16</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP>, a factor 6.5 lower than the HST flux measured for PDS70 b. The flux limit indicates that if the protoplanet is currently accreting it is likely that local extinction from circumstellar and circumplanetary material strongly attenuates its emission at optical wavelengths. In addition, the data reveal the first image of the jet north of the star as expected from previous detections of forbidden lines. Finally, this work demonstrates that current ground-based observations with extreme adaptive optics systems can be more sensitive than space-based observations, paving the way to the hunt for small planets in reflected light with extremely large telescopes. | 9 |
an improved differential f t doubler amplifier is provided having two error amplifiers in series connection with the main signal amplifier for cancelling the nonlinear currents generated by the main signal amplifier . the error amplifiers receive a differential error voltage provided by a pair of transistors which sense the error voltage in the main signal amplifier . | 7 |
disclosed are organic photoconductive compositions for use in electrophotography , comprising a polymer containing as main units a naphthalene derivative and / or a naphthacene derivative ; and an electron acceptor and / or a sensitizer . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a channel state information feedback method and apparatus in a large - quantity antenna system . an embodiment provides a method used in a ue of a large scale antenna system , including : detecting a downlink channel ; determining , according to a multipath propagation model , a channel response of a first number of strong propagation paths , where the channel response of each propagation path is determined as a matrix related to the following time - varying parameters : an arrival direction , time to arrive , and a path amplitude ; and feeding back the first number and indication information of the time - varying parameters of the first number of strong propagation paths . by using the sparsity of channels of the large - quantity antenna system , the present invention reduces a feedback payload and maintains at least equal system performance . | 7 |
systems and methods are provided for processing and distributing market data . critical data , such as data showing that a market price has changed is distributed without further delay . when the market data does not result in a change in a market price or does not meet another critical criteria , the market data is aggregated with market data for similar events and distributed when the aggregated market data passes a quantity threshold . | 6 |
a method is illustrated for reducing the call setup time of high priority calls such as voice or high speed user generated data without unduly wasting rf frequency resources on non priority calls such as short message calls . this is accomplished by ascertaining the call priority at the base station controller level in a gsm system soon after call initiation and immediately changing the channel assignment for use by the remaining signalling type messages to a different operational speed where appropriate . the concept is further extended by supplying the call priority data to a called party &# 39 ; s bsc such that all signalling messages after initial contact can be at the operational speed appropriate to the priority of the call . | 7 |
a land grid array interposer structure , including an electrically insulating carrier plane , and at least one interposer mounted on a first surface of said carrier plane . the interposer possesses a hemi - toroidal configuration in transverse cross - section and is constituted of a dielectric elastomeric material . a plurality of electrically - conductive elements are arranged about the surface of the at least one hemi - toroidal interposer and extend radically inwardly and downwardly from an uppermost end thereof into electrical contact with at least one component located on an opposite side of the electrically insulating carrier plane . provided is also a method of producing the land grid array interposer structure . | 7 |
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