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a method for producing multipacks of containers includes placing adhesive spots on surfaces of the containers . at least two kinds of adhesives are used , both of which plastic melt adhesives that melt as a result of exposure to heat and that develop cohesion after cooling . after placing the adhesive spots , the containers are connected to each other using the adhesive spots so as to form a multipack . | 8 |
a powder is applied to a glass ribbon as the ribbon is displaced between an annealing lehr and a cutting station . the powder on the ribbon facilitates removal of glass chips generated during the cutting of the ribbon into sheets and projected onto the top surface of the glass ribbon . the powder is applied by vaporizing same in a chamber and condensing the vaporized powder on or allowing the powder to condense in the chamber and fall on the top surface of the ribbon as it is displaced past the chamber . | 2 |
a multi element moving vacuum chamber for rotational casting includes a mold having a predefined shape and an axis of rotation , and a box containing casting material . the memvc further includes a first vacuum element mounted to an outer mold surface and a second vacuum element mounted to an outer box surface . the mold and the box are detachably engageable with each other to define an engaged configuration in which air present in an enclosed area defined by the outer mold surface and an inner surface of the first vacuum element , by an inner mold surface and an inner box surface , and by the outer box surface and an inner surface of the second vacuum element , is removed to create a vacuum . alternatively , the mold and / or the box may be constructed with vacuum loading capability , thereby eliminating the need for the first and / or the second vacuum elements . | 8 |
a two piece , two - stage , rechargeable , reusable , reduced - energy mechanically operating cartridge is provided for launching a bullet of various compositions from a dedicated or modified firearm . the cartridge unit is comprised of a primary case , a piston sleeve , a propellant unit , and a bullet choice of a solid light weight material for inanimate - target applications or a “ marking ” version for non - lethal live - target training applications . cartridge includes a piston sleeve and a primary case coupled together via a channel and cog locking / traveling / unlocking system . the primary case includes a substantially non - deformable jacket defining a cavity to receive a propellant unit or propellant connection and provides the channels to receive piston sleeves cogs for a locking / traveling / unlocking feature . the piston sleeve includes a substantially non - deformable jacket defining a cavity to receive configured bullet . the primary case also includes a substantially non - deformable jacket for being axially coupled with the piston sleeve , and for coupling with a propellant mechanism . upon activation of the mechanically operating cartridge within the chamber of the firearm during stage 2 , the piston sleeve and primary case telescope apart from a compressed , static , stage 1 position forcing the firearm &# 39 ; s slide or bolt to the rear , a mechanical operation opposed to a conventional cartridge with gas blow back operations . spent cartridge is reused by manually separating piston sleeve from primary case as to remove spent propellant unit with removal tool , recharged with new propellant unit reloaded with choice of bullet composition and placed into magazine or similar for firearm loading . | 5 |
Recent research has proposed that advanced propulsion mechanisms such as warp drives are more physically feasible than previously thought, using positive energy sources potentially sourced by known classical physics. Motivated by this, we hypothesize that an advanced inter-planetary or interstellar civilization using warp drives at sub-luminal or super-luminal speeds will broadcast detectable emissions of their travels. These technosignatures would be of significant astronomical, physical, and technological interest. This paper seeks to motivate signatures from warp drive emissions due to intrinsic and extrinsic processes across several messenger types (electromagnetic, particle, and gravitational) and propose a research program to simulate such emissions in sufficient detail to search for their signatures through coordinated analyses across multiple observatories. | 9 |
a high speed actuating mechanism for operating the contacts of a circuit interrupter has an operating shaft connected to the contacts and to an operating piston . the operating piston has a short - circuited conductive ring or repulsion disc which is closely coupled to a lenz coil operator in one position of the actuating mechanism . the operating piston also has an enlarged diameter sealing protrusion which seals against an annular seal which is concentric with the lenz coil operator . both the lenz coil and the sealing ring are spring - mounted to have several degrees of resiliency to enable proper relative location of the repulsion disc and the lenz coil and proper relative location of the annular seal and contact protrusion to control seal penetration and to enable compensation for contact erosion when butt - type contacts are used . | 7 |
a controlled - release oral pharmaceutical composition of at least an active agent , including : a ) a lipophilic matrix consisting of lipophilic compounds and / or amphiphilic compounds ; and b ) an hydrophilic matrix , wherein the hydrophilic matrix includes at least an indigestible polysaccharide , the active ingredient being dispersed in the lipophilic and / or the hydrophilic matrix . the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of such a pharmaceutical composition . | 0 |
a double gusset cloth diaper including an inner surface and an outer surface forming an hourglass shape , having a groin area proximate a center line of the reusable diaper and defining at least one recess therebetween . a fluid absorbent material is removably located in the recess through the opening . a first gusset is attached to the reusable diaper to form a first seal between the inner surface and the legs of the user . a second gusset is attached to the reusable diaper proximate the first gusset . the gussets are formed of an elastic material attached to the wrong side of the inner surface in a channel formed by stitching the inner surface to form channels . | 0 |
an electrical connector having a housing member has a latch pivotably secured to the housing . the latch has a latch arm defining a plane and a cam arm . the latch is pivotably actuable in the plane of the latch arm upon applying a force to the cam arm to rotate the latch from a latched first position to an unlatched second position . the force is applied by moving a boot axially along the connector housing through a limited distance from a forward position to a rearward position . upon removal of the force from the cam arm , the cam arm will return from the second position to the lower energy state of the first position due to the action of a spring . in returning to the first position , the cam arm returns the boot to a forward position . | 7 |
a replacement basin for a refrigerated counter having an integral basin and a method of installing that replacement basin is disclosed . upon removing of the existing integral basin , the replacement basin may be mounted to the refrigerated counter , connected to the counter &# 39 ; s existing refrigeration system , and then used to support one or more removable product filled bins or containers . | 5 |
apparatus for removing break - out portions and in particular waste pieces from a sheet of material which contains blanks or the like and which rests on a break - out surface in such a way that the break - out portion extends over an aperture in the break - out surface and is pressed downwardly through the aperture under the pressure of at least one break - out member , in particular a break - out pin . associated with the break - out member beneath the break - out portion is a support which is guided in the direction of movement of the break - out member . the support is a surface which is springy and / or movable within the aperture at least partially into a position at a spacing relative to the break - out surface and which in its rest position engages beneath the waste piece in the sheet of material and which is adapted to be transferred into an inclined position relative to the sheet of material upon movement of the waste piece by the break - out member , in particular upon downward movement of the waste piece . | 1 |
interconnection systems are shown that include communication contacts , and a guide . configurations are shown with a guide that locates a male portion with respect to a female portion and guides their engagement before any communication contacts are engaged . configurations are also shown with a guide that includes one or more power contacts . | 7 |
a material handling system incorporating an air operated scissors lift mounted on an air bearing pallet to move heavy or cumbersome loads . on top of the upper platform is a second air bearing pallet channelled so it can move in a guided path for use with a transition plate for transferring , loading and unloading heavy loads onto or from a truck bed or from a shelf or rack especially designed to support and handle heavy loads . | 1 |
<BR /> Aims: We aim to characterize and compare the molecular-line emission of three clouds whose star-formation rates span one order of magnitude: California, Perseus, and Orion A. <BR /> Methods: We used stratified random sampling to select positions representing the different column density regimes of each cloud and observed them with the IRAM 30 m telescope. We covered the 3 mm wavelength band and focused our analysis on CO, HCN, CS, HCO<SUP>+</SUP>, HNC, and N<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUP>+</SUP>. <BR /> Results: We find that the line intensities depend most strongly on the H<SUB>2</SUB> column density, with which they are tightly correlated. A secondary effect, especially visible in Orion A, is a dependence of the line intensities on the gas temperature. We explored a method that corrects for temperature variations and show that, when it is applied, the emission from the three clouds behaves very similarly. CO intensities vary weakly with column density, while the intensity of traditional dense-gas tracers such as HCN, CS, and HCO<SUP>+</SUP> varies almost linearly with column density. N<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUP>+</SUP> differs from all other species in that it traces only cold dense gas. The intensity of the rare HCN and CS isotopologs reveals additional temperature-dependent abundance variations. Overall, the clouds have similar chemical compositions that, as the depth increases, are sequentially dominated by photodissociation, gas-phase reactions, molecular freeze-out, and stellar feedback in the densest parts of Orion A. Our observations also allowed us to calculate line luminosities for each cloud, and a comparison with literature values shows good agreement. We used our HCN(1-0) data to explore the behavior of the HCN conversion factor, finding that it is dominated by the emission from the outermost cloud layers. It also depends strongly on the gas kinetic temperature. Finally, we show that the HCN/CO ratio provides a gas volume density estimate, and that its correlation with the column density resembles that found in extragalactic observations. <P />Full Tables B.1-B.2 are available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/679/A112">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/679/A112</A> | 9 |
a fuel cell stack includes a membrane electrode assembly and a bipolar plate . the bipolar plate has a corrugated portion defined by an adjacent pair of proximal and distal peak portions and a sidewall segment connecting the peak portions . the sidewall segment and membrane electrode assembly at least partially define a flow channel . the sidewall segment includes a shoulder portion defining a step spaced away from the peak portions . | 7 |
Second Release Now containing: two datasets (nnsw + bm) two example applications as jupyter notebooks requirements.txt | 9 |
a work box to be combined with a work table has a base with at least one extending side wall enclosing a tool retaining area . an interruption is formed in the base to define a gap for receiving a support on the work table . the support mounts the base and , in turn , the work box onto the support and the work table . | 1 |
a modular interactive voice recognition overlay system and a method of processing calls . the system provides an application server , a plurality of agent workstations and a graphical user interface to allow a hybrid approach to processing calls using an automated ivr and live agents . the system and method allow a single agent to process multiple calls simultaneously and is compatible with existing ivr systems and can be implemented as an add - on to existing ivr systems . | 7 |
there is here provided a convenient bag used at the time when microorganisms which adhere to a specimen containing a solid material are extracted with a saline solution and are then examined . in this bag , a filter sheet is stuck to plastic film sidewalls so as to extend from the opening inlet to the bottom portion of the sidewalls , so that the bag is divided into two chambers . a specimen and a saline solution are poured into one of the two chambers , and the resulting extract is taken out by a pipet from another chamber . | 1 |
the transfer and conveying apparatus of the invention transfers a toner image from a photoreceptor onto a recording paper by performing corona discharge at a location opposite to the photoreceptor and adjacent to a portion of a conveying belt which contacts the one of a pair of rollers about which the conveying belt is trained that is closest to the photoreceptor , and conveys the recording paper after transfer of the image by attracting the paper to the belt . this belt is brought into contact with a conductive brush which has ac voltage or dc voltage applied thereto with polarity opposite that applied for transfer of the image to thereby prevent the toner from depositing on the belt . furthermore , the lower stretched portion of the belt may be wound about the roller through predetermined angular range with the recording paper disposed between the belt and the photoreceptor . the recording paper is thereby resiliently forced against the lower stretched portion of the belt to prevent drooping of the recording paper . | 1 |
a component mounter has two or more feeder carriages and two or more mounting heads corresponding to the feeder carriages . the mounting heads pick up components from each feeder carriage . a transfer device is able to pass components requiring transfer between the mounting heads . the transfer of components enables the mounter to be used efficiently by transferring components to a different mounting head when the operation of one of the mounting heads stops . | 7 |
a counterforce mechanism is arranged to exert a force on an object to maintain the object at a desired position . the mechanism comprises a driven body , a drive for moving the driven body , and a resilient coupling arrangement for coupling the driven body to a portion of an object . a control arrangement is arranged to output a drive signal to the driven body drive to move the driven body to a location where it exerts a force on the object via the coupling arrangement , such that the force counteracts an opposing force acting on the object and the mechanism holds the portion of the object at the desired position . a machine axis and a machine tool incorporating such a counterforce mechanism are also described , together with methods of operation thereof . | 1 |
an exemplary mounting support for a flexible printed circuit board is provided . the flexible printed circuit board has a side surface and at least one electronic component mounted on the side surface . the mounting support includes a first surface for contacting with the side surface of the flexible printed circuit board and a second surface on an opposite side of the mounting support to the first surface . the mounting support has at least one first recess defined in the first surface for receiving the at least one electronic component therein and at least one through - hole defined through the first surface and the second surface . the mounting support has at least one second recess defined in the second surface . the mounting support can fix a double surface mounted flexible printed circuit board flatly , thereby enhancing laser processing precision . | 7 |
a sputtering device includes a vacuum chamber , a target disposed in the vacuum chamber , a protection plate formed to surround the target with a space therebetween , and having an opening formed in front of the target , a substrate holder for holding a semiconductor wafer substrate and substantially closing the opening in front of the target in cooperation with the semiconductor wafer substrate , and an a . c . power source for striking the target with charged particles to emit target material when the semiconductor wafer substrate is set in front of the target , whereby depositing target material thereon as a sputtered film . the sputtering device further includes a temperature sensor , a heater unit and heater controller to heat at least the protection plate to a specified temperature and to maintain the specified temperature after sputtering is complete . | 2 |
an improved diaphragm type chemical dosing pumps can be designed as both a variable displacement accurate dosing pump and a fixed displacement accurate dosing pump . the improved dosing pump provides a required supply of pressurized fluid , to be called hereafter as process fluid , to an injection point against varying gas or liquid pressures . by eliminating the use of elastomeric sealing , the failing of the pump due to seal wear is eliminated . an internal pressure relief valve protects the pump mechanicals from premature failure . use of a spring assisted suction assists positive suction for very accurate dosing . the working fluid is a driver fluid that is used to lubricate working components of the pump . the angled ports minimize friction losses to further improve pump efficiency and also eliminate building up of air pockets . | 5 |
the present invention is directed to systems , apparatus , methods and procedures for the noninvasive treatment of tissue , including treatment using microwave energy . in one embodiment of the invention a medical device and associated apparatus and procedures are used to treat dermatological conditions using , for example , microwave energy . | 0 |
We have undertaken a search for satellites around edge-on galaxies in the EGIPS catalog, which contains 16 551 objects with declinations above $-30^{\circ}$. We searched for systems with a central galaxy dominating in brightness by at least $1^{\textrm{m}}$ compared to its companions. As a result, we discovered 1097 candidate satellites around 764 EGIPS galaxies with projected distances less than 500 kpc and a radial velocity difference less than 300 km s${}^{-1}$. Of these, 757 satellites around 547 central galaxies have radial velocity accuracies higher than 20 km s${}^{-1}$ and satisfy the gravitationally bound condition. The ensemble of satellites is characterized by an average projected distance of 84 kpc and an average radial velocity dispersion of 103 km s${}^{-1}$. Treating small satellites as test particles moving on isotropic orbits around central EGIPS galaxies, we determined the projected (orbital) masses of the edge-on galaxies. Within the luminosity range of $1.3× 10^{10}$ to $42× 10^{10}$ $L_{\odot}$, the total mass of the systems is well described by a linear dependence $\log M<SUB>p</SUB>∝ 0.88\log\left\langle L<SUB>K</SUB>\right\rangle_{\textrm{g}}$ with an average total mass-to-$K$-band luminosity equal to $(17.5± 0.8) M_{\odot}/L_{\odot}$, which is typical for nearby spiral galaxies such as the Milky Way, M 31 and M 81. | 9 |
a charging tower system includes a base with a main tower housing having an electrical input , whereby said electrical input is constructed and arranged to distribute electrical power to a plurality of power systems and including one or more shelves dependent on said tower housing with at least one charging means constructed and arranged for charging an electronic device positioned on one of the shelves . | 7 |
eBook: Addressing Uncertainty in MultiSector Dynamics Research | 9 |
a switching control device for transmitting calls received by a cellular phone to a fixed - network telephone enables people to receive calls transmitted to a cellular phone by way of a fixed network telephone particularly equipped with a plurality of extension lines via conversion operations . it operates with a cellular phone / fixed network telephone switching device in cooperation with an on / off device . when a cellular phone receives an incoming call , the switching device will first detect the main telephone set and its extension lines of their individual status of use ; and the on / off device is selectively actuated of its on and off states and also its vibration ring operation according to the detection . thereby a user can pick up a nearest extension line without rushing back to a main telephone set when an incoming call is transmitted to a cellular phone . | 7 |
Context. Complex bipolar shapes can be generated either as a planetary nebula or a symbiotic system. The origin of the material ionised by the white dwarf is very different in these two scenarios, and it complicates the understanding of the morphologies of planetary nebulae. <BR /> Aims: The physical properties, structure, and dynamics of the bipolar nebulae, M 2-9, Mz 3, and Hen 2-104, are investigated in detail with the aim of understanding their nature, shaping mechanisms, and evolutionary history. Both a morpho-kinematic study and a spectroscopic analysis, can be used to more accurately determine the kinematics and nature of each nebula. <BR /> Methods: Long-slit optical echelle spectra are used to investigate the morpho-kinematics of M 2-9, Mz 3, and Hen 2-104. The morpho-kinematic modelling software SHAPE is used to constrain both the morphology and kinematics of each nebula by means of detailed 3D models. Near-infrared (NIR) data, as well as optical, spectra are used to separate Galactic symbiotic-type nebulae from genuine planetary nebulae by means of a 2MASS J-H/H-Ks diagram and a λ4363/Hγ vs. λ5007/Hβ diagnostic diagram, respectively. <BR /> Results: The best-fitted 3D models for M 2-9, Mz 3, and Hen 2-104 provide invaluable kinematical information on the expansion velocity of its nebular components by means of synthetic spectra. The observed spectra match up very well with the synthetic spectra for each model, thus showing that each model is tightly constrained both morphologically and kinematically. Kinematical ages of the different structures of M 2-9 and Mz 3 have also been determined. Both diagnostic diagrams show M 2-9 and Hen 2-104 to fall well within the category of having a symbiotic source, whereas Mz 3 borders the region of symbiotic and young planetary nebulae in the optical diagram but is located firmly in the symbiotic region of the NIR colour-colour diagram. The optical diagnostic diagram is shown to successfully separate the two types of nebulae, however, the NIR colour-colour diagram is not as accurate in separating these objects. <BR /> Conclusions: The morphology, kinematics, and evolutionary history of M 2-9, Mz 3, and Hen 2-104 are better understood using the interactive 3D modelling tool shape. The expansion velocities of the components for each nebula are better constrained and fitted with a vector field to reveal their direction of motion. The optical and NIR diagnostic diagrams used are important techniques for separating Galactic symbiotic-type nebulae from genuine planetary nebulae. | 9 |
provided is a method and system for displaying video from a plurality of video streams on a display . it includes an input interface for receiving video data from a plurality of video streams and transferring the video data to a frame controller in communication with a television display . the frame controller causes the video data from each of the plurality of different video streams to be displayed in a separate frame on the television display , and each frame occupying an area of the television display separate from an area occupied by any other frame . a system for displaying video from a plurality of video stream using the correct aspect ratio and resolution is also provided . | 7 |
a tool for adjusting a grip . the tool includes a tubular section for containing the grip while receiving a cable . a first stop is positioned in or near a first end of the tubular section to provide an opening for introducing the cable into the tubular section while the grip is contained in the tool . one of first and second stops is arranged for displacement along the longitudinal axis with respect to the other stop . with the grip positioned between the first and second stops , when one of the stops is displaced toward the other stop a force is applied against the grip , causing the size of the bore to increase and the length of the grip to be contracted . | 5 |
Over-ionized, recombining plasma is an emerging class of X-ray bright supernova remnants (SNRs). This unique thermal state where the ionization temperature ($T_{\rm z}$) is significantly higher than the electron temperature ($T_{\rm e}$) is not expected from the standard evolution model assuming a point explosion in a uniform interstellar medium, requiring a new scenario for the dynamical and thermal evolution. A recently proposed idea attributes the over-ionization state to additional ionization contribution from the low-energy tail of shock-accelerated protons. However, this new scenario has been left untested, especially from the atomic physics point of view. We report calculation results of the proton impact ionization rates of heavy-element ions in ejecta of SNRs. We conservatively estimate the requirement for accelerated protons, and find that their relative number density to thermal electrons needs to be higher than $5~(T_{\rm e}/{\rm 1~keV})\%$ in order to explain the observed over-ionization degree at $T_{\rm z}/T_{\rm e} \ge 2$ for K-shell emission. We conclude that the proton ionization scenario is not feasible because such a high abundance of accelerated protons is prohibited by the injection fraction from thermal to non-thermal energies, which is expected to be $\sim 1\%$ at largest. | 9 |
a multiple pushbutton switch is disclosed in which each pushbutton actuator has a rotatable cam mounted thereon that interacts with one or more lockout members positioned alongside of the actuator in the same plane as the cam . the interaction between the cam and the lockouts is such that one group of the pushbutton actuators can be depressed simultaneously while a second group of the actuators are blocked from simultaneous depression with the first group . furthermore , a pushbutton actuator can be shifted from one group to the other merely by rotating the cam thereon to a different position . | 8 |
a blade - like connecting needle for measuring a semiconductor wafer has an increased capability for measuring a small current and also has stable characteristics . the blade - like connecting needle 1 includes a blade signal 10 line for transmitting signal from the semiconductor wafer , a support insulator 8 covering at least a portion of the blade signal line 10 , a plurality of blade guard patterns 12 a , 12 b , 12 c , 12 d disposed in or on the support insulator 8 for electromagnetically shielding the blade signal line 10 , and a probe 2 supported on the support insulator 8 and connected to the blade signal line 10 . there are also disclosed processes of producing the blade - like connecting needle 1 . a method for manufacturing a coaxial or hollow blade - like connecting needle is also provided . | 6 |
the object of the present invention is to realize reduction of the level jitter generated from a noise component at a signal saturation level or a waveform distortion in a portion except for signal polarity portions , and good error characteristics . in the present invention , a predetermined upper or lower limit value is set to reproduction signals , the reproduction signals are subjected to a limiter processing for correcting reproduction signals of the upper limit value or more , or the lower limit value or less to the level of the upper limit value or the lower limit value , respectively , the signal subjected to the limiter processing is subjected to a partial response equalizing processing , and pr reproduction is performed to improve the level jitter at pr detection time and the error rate at information reproduction time . | 6 |
A self-consistent mineral physics solver for exoplanets | 9 |
a vessel which is divided into compartments receives medical and biological fluid wastes through inlet fitting . as the fluid is received , air in the vessel is displaced and is discharged through a vent line , either to atmosphere or to a vacuum source . when a level sensor senses that a level of fluid in the vessel is approaching a preselected maximum , a control circuit closes a valve in the vent line , blocking the discharge of air from the vessel and creating a backpressure that stops the receipt of further fluid . tubing connected to the fittings is disconnected from the patient or other source of fluid and a valve is manually opened to vent the vessel , allowing any residual fluid in the tubing to be drained into the vessel . a drain valve is opened to drain the vessel and the cleaning cycle is commenced . a fittings bell is placed over each inlet fitting such that water with entrained disinfectant from disinfectant reservoir disinfects the inlet nozzles inside and outside . the water with entrained disinfectant is also circulated through a metering reservoir to spray nozzles which spray down the interior surfaces of the vessel . after the nozzle and vessels have been decontaminated , the drain valve is closed and a valve is opened to empty the metered volume of disinfectant solution from the metering chamber into the vessel . | 0 |
a multi - purpose dental bib , to be worn by a patient during a dental procedure , may incorporate gauze pads into windows and / or pockets integral to the bib . the multi - purpose dental bib may be employed to protect the patient &# 39 ; s clothing from liquid and / or solid debris generated during a dental procedure , and to wipe the patient &# 39 ; s face and mouth during or at the completion of a dental procedure . the multi - purpose dental bib may additionally be employed to clean dental tools , such as a dental mirror , during a dental procedure by means of the gauze pads incorporated into the windows and / or pockets strategically located on the multi - purpose dental bib . | 0 |
coating compositions of silver flake suspended in predominantly aqueous vehicle is disclosed for laying down a coating of electrically conductive metal on resistive or dielectric substrates useful in the electronics industry . the coating compositions provide an ideal combination of high silver loading and low viscosity for spray painting desired thickness coatings at high speed in a single pass . the novel compositions include silver flake , water soluble polymer binder , water and a substantially completely water soluble , organic co - solvent . the coating compositions have good green strength after drying and may be used to apply an electrically conductive base to enable electroplating plastic or elastomer parts . optional sintering adhesives can be added to allow high temperature , permanent bonding of the silver to a ceramic substrate . the coating compositions have excellent storage stability such that settled solids can be redispersed readily with brief and / or mild agitation . | 7 |
a universal snow boot and binding for use in connection with either snow skiing or snow boarding which is easy to use and provides quick , easy and positive interconnection of the snow boot with the upper surface of the ski or snowboard . the snow boot or foot enclosure component of the invention carries a permanent magnet that engages a metal plate provided on the snowboard . the mechanical locking mechanism that is operated by the user is also strategically mounted on the snowboard . the mechanical locking component includes a toe locking mechanism and a cooperating heel locking mechanism that is easily operable to enable the snow boot to be readily disconnected from the upper surface of the snowboard or snow ski . | 0 |
The color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of intermediate-age star clusters (≲2 Gyr) are much more complex than those predicted by coeval, nonrotating stellar evolution models. Their observed extended main-sequence turnoffs (eMSTOs) could result from variations in stellar age, stellar rotation, or both. The physical interpretation of eMSTOs is largely based on the complex mapping between stellar models-themselves functions of mass, rotation, orientation, and binarity-and the CMD. In this paper, we compute continuous probability densities in three-dimensional color, magnitude, and ${v}_{{\rm{e}}}\sin i$ space for individual stars in a cluster's eMSTO, based on a rotating stellar evolution model. These densities enable the rigorous inference of cluster properties from a stellar model, or, alternatively, constraints on the stellar model from the cluster's CMD. We use the MIST stellar evolution models to jointly infer the age dispersion, the rotational distribution, and the binary fraction of the Large Magellanic Cloud cluster NGC 1846. We derive an age dispersion of ~70-80 Myr, approximately half the earlier estimates due to nonrotating models. This finding agrees with the conjecture that rotational variation is largely responsible for eMSTOs. However, MIST models do not provide a satisfactory fit to all stars in the cluster and achieve their best agreement at an unrealistically high binary fraction. The lack of agreement near the main-sequence turnoff suggests specific physical changes to the stellar evolution models, including a lower mass for the Kraft break and potentially enhanced main-sequence lifespans for rapidly rotating stars. | 9 |
disclosed is an apparatus and method for anaerobic wastewater treatment , which combines membrane distillation and biological treatment to improve treated water quality , performs anaerobic treatment to the wastewater to generate bio - gas and effectively restrain contamination of a membrane surface . the apparatus comprises a bio - reactor , submerged membrane modules , rotary disks and fluidizable media , wherein the bio - reactor is configured to give a space for filtration and biological treatment of wastewater and operated under an anaerobic condition , wherein the modules are provided in the bio - reactor to filter the wastewater , and wherein the rotary disks are provided at both sides of the module to induce turbulence of the wastewater and moving of the fluidizable media , wherein a channel is provided in the modules so that a cooling water flows therein , moisture of the wastewater is evaporated due to a temperature difference of the wastewater and the cooling water , moved to the channel . | 8 |
the present invention relates to the fabrication of elastomeric replicas or stamps of surfaces from a stamp master , wherein the master has geometrical features below 100 μm . the elastomeric stamps of the present invention are prepared from injection - molded plastic stamp masters . the stamps are used to replicate the surfaces or patterns of the stamp master on a substrate using soft lithography techniques . | 1 |
luminaires are disclosed that include refractive and / or reflective structures that can provide or distribute lighting for a given area with high uniformity and efficiency . the structures can be used to distribute light from one or more light sources for lighting target areas with a desired light distribution . the lighting structures can be included in light strips or luminaires . such luminaire can be utilized in place of fluorescent lights and can facilitate quick and easy retrofit for previous fluorescent lighting applications . the disclosed techniques and systems can be particularly useful when employing one or more leds as light sources . | 5 |
the surface cleaning method of semiconductor substrate comprises , the steps of , immersing a substrate of a first conductive type having ge or sige mixing ge and si at least in the surface layer in a solution of hydrofluoric acid , and removing foreign matters from the surface of the substrate without overetching the surface of the substrate , pouring pure water on the substrate to wash away the solution of hydrofluoric acid applied at the step from the surface of the substrate , and immersing the substrate in a solution of hydrogen peroxide , and removing foreign matters from the surface of the substrate without overetching the surface of the substrate . | 8 |
Context. To date, stellar activity is one of the main limitations in detecting small exoplanets via the transit photometry technique. Since this activity is enhanced in young stars, traditional filtering algorithms may severely underperform in attempting to detect such exoplanets, with shallow transits often obscured by the photometric modulation of the light curve. <BR /> Aims: This paper aims to compare the relative performances of four algorithms developed by independent research groups specifically for the filtering of activity in the light curves of young active stars, prior to the search for planetary transit signals: Notch and LOCoR (N&L), Young Stars Detrending (YSD), K2 Systematics Correction (K2SC), and VARLET. Our comparison also includes the two best-performing algorithms implemented in the Wōtan package: Tukey's biweight and Huber spline algorithms. <BR /> Methods: For this purpose, we performed a series of injection-retrieval tests of planetary transits of different types, from Jupiter down to Earth-sized planets, moving both on circular and eccentric orbits. These experiments were carried out over a set of 100 realistically simulated light curves of both quiet and active solar-like stars (i.e., F and G types) that will be observed by the ESA Planetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) space telescope, starting 2026. <BR /> Results: From the experiments for transit detections, we found that N&L is the best choice in many cases, since it misses the lowest number of transits. However, this algorithm is shown to underperform when the planetary orbital period closely matches the stellar rotation period, especially in the case of small planets for which the biweight and VARLET algorithms work better. Moreover, for light curves with a large number of data-points, the combined results of two algorithms, YSD and Huber spline, yield the highest recovery percentage. Filtering algorithms allow us to obtain a very precise estimate of the orbital period and the mid-transit time of the detected planets, while the planet-to-star radius is underestimated most of the time, especially in cases of grazing transits or eccentric orbits. A refined filtering that takes into account the presence of the planet is thus compulsory for proper planetary characterization analyses. <P />Simulated light curves are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/672/A144">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/672/A144</A> | 9 |
a system and method for providing management such as creation , manipulation , storage , control , and retrieval of digital content for a company on a global basis . digital content is created and stored in , for example , the extensible markup language format using the relationship between component mapping information and content information comprising webpage components . the xml data is developed by defining page components , mapping the components on a page and indexing the page for future retrieval of the page . the data is then stored in a single database , as segments related to the page , for call - up by a user . | 6 |
We present a secondary eclipse observation for the hot Jupiter HD 189733b across the wavelength range 290-570 nm made using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. We measure geometric albedos of A<SUB>g</SUB> = 0.40 ± 0.12 across 290-450 nm and A<SUB>g</SUB> < 0.12 across 450-570 nm at 1σ confidence. The albedo decrease toward longer wavelengths is also apparent when using six wavelength bins over the same wavelength range. This can be interpreted as evidence for optically thick reflective clouds on the dayside hemisphere with sodium absorption suppressing the scattered light signal beyond ~450 nm. Our best-fit albedo values imply that HD 189733b would appear a deep blue color at visible wavelengths. | 9 |
an electrochromic device , comprising a first electrode , a second electrode and an electrolyte separating the electrodes , where at least one of said first and second electrodes includes an electrically active structure which have an at least dual state visual appearance depending on the potential difference between the first and the second electrode . | 6 |
an electronic device includes a chassis , a number of electronic components , and at least one block . the at least one block is fitted between two of the electronic components . at least one air flow passage is defined under the at least one block to direct air flow to enter between the two electronic components . | 7 |
a connection method for internet access by a communication device is provided , and the connection method includes the step of searching for a communication device with a mobile internet access function and connecting the selected communication device . the present invention includes the step of setting dial - up network of the connected communication device , establishing a dial - up network connection via the set communication device , and finally connecting to the internet through the mobile network connection service of the communication device . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a process for the production of kryton and xenon by using an oxygen - free vapor stream to strip a liquid stream containing oxygen , krypton , methane , and xenon of methane and oxygen . this is accomplished by properly controlling the liquid to vapor flow ratio in the distillation column so that such ratio is less than 0 . 15 . a suitable reflux liquid is used to decrease the loss of krypton and xenon in the methane and oxygen laden vapor stream leaving the distillation system . | 8 |
The J-region asymptotic giant branch (JAGB) method is a new standard candle that is based on the stable intrinsic J-band magnitude of color-selected carbon stars, and has a precision comparable to other primary distance indicators such as Cepheids and the TRGB. We further test the accuracy of the JAGB method in the Local Group galaxy M33. M33's moderate inclination, low metallicity, and nearby proximity make it an ideal laboratory for tests of systematics in local distance indicators. Using high-precision optical BVI and near-infrared JHK photometry, we explore the application of three independent distance indicators: the JAGB method, the Cepheid Leavitt law, and the TRGB. We find: μ <SUB>0</SUB>(TRGB<SUB> I </SUB>) = 24.72 ± 0.02 (stat) ± 0.07 (sys) mag, μ <SUB>0</SUB>(TRGB<SUB>NIR</SUB>) = 24.72 ± 0.04 (stat) ± 0.10 (sys) mag, μ <SUB>0</SUB>(JAGB) = 24.67 ± 0.03 (stat) ± 0.04 (sys) mag, and μ <SUB>0</SUB>(Cepheid) = 24.71 ± 0.04 (stat) ± 0.01 (sys) mag. For the first time, we also directly compare a JAGB distance using ground-based and space-based photometry. We measure μ <SUB>0</SUB>(JAGB<SUB>F110W</SUB>) = 24.71 ± 0.06 (stat) ± 0.05 (sys) mag using the (F814W-F110W) color combination to effectively isolate the JAGB stars. In this paper, we measure a distance to M33 accurate to 2% and provide further evidence that the JAGB method is a powerful extragalactic distance indicator that can effectively probe a local measurement of the Hubble constant using spaced-based observations. We expect to measure the Hubble constant via the JAGB method in the near future, using observations from the James Webb Space Telescope. | 9 |
a method for identifying modulators of interleukin 24 mediated apoptosis is disclosed . for il - 24 apoptosis to be effective , the cells should express sigma 1 receptor . additionally apoptosis modulators can be identified by exposing biological cells to test compounds and monitoring for signs of endoplasmic reticulum stress protein expression ; calcium mobilization ; or reactive oxygen species production . | 6 |
a process for continuously bonding staple fibers into an essentially non - twisted yarn comprising the steps of introducing into a fiber arrangement composed of staple fibers an excess of a liquid containing an adhesive in distributed form , squeezing excess liquid out of the fiber arrangement , compacting the fiber arrangement by applying pressure to form a moist slubbing , and for setting the adhesive and transforming the slubbing into a bonded yarn bringing into contact as by feeding the slubbing into a condensing vapor atmosphere . the yarn produced according to the aforementioned process , compared to a yarn set in dry air with the same quantity of adhesive , possesses a higher breaking length and rupture or break elongation and a smoother surface . | 3 |
On 14 September 2015, a gravitational wave signal from a coalescing black hole binary system was observed by the Advanced LIGO detectors. This paper describes the transient noise backgrounds used to determine the significance of the event (designated GW150914) and presents the results of investigations into potential correlated or uncorrelated sources of transient noise in the detectors around the time of the event. The detectors were operating nominally at the time of GW150914. We have ruled out environmental influences and non-Gaussian instrument noise at either LIGO detector as the cause of the observed gravitational wave signal. | 9 |
Full Changelog: https://github.com/alexiscourbet/Computational-design-of-protein-nanomachines/commits/v1.0 | 9 |
financial transaction and due diligence management convergence platforms , systems , methods and articles of manufacture to retrieve , analyze , validate and communicate a community of users &# 39 ; data records . specifically , methods for real time managing of information and records related to users &# 39 ; content created , edited , modified and housed in unique , disparate or federated holdings in centralized or distributed environments . | 6 |
an interrupter unit for a high - voltage power switch supported by a supporting element radially surrounding the interrupter element and consisting of two sections . the second section is radially enlarged in relation to the first section . a discharge opening for a quenching gas arising during a switching process is disposed between the two sections . | 7 |
a method in one example comprises the steps of receiving a call intended for a designated cellular subscriber unit at a serving msc , determining that the designated cellular subscriber unit , during a recent prior use of the serving msc , responded to an intersystem page message from a border msc , and transmitting an initial paging message to the designated cellular subscriber unit via an ispage message directed toward said border msc . | 7 |
an apparatus includes a circuit branch electrically connected to a voltage rail and including a light emitting device connected in series with a drain of a dual gate transistor , a switching transistor configured to apply a data voltage to a first gate of the dual gate transistor in response to a scan signal , a capacitor connected between the first gate of the dual gate transistor and the drain of the dual gate transistor , and a conductor for supplying a control voltage to a second gate of the dual gate transistor . a method of operating the circuit is also described . | 6 |
MAXI J1348-630 is a low-mass X-ray black hole binary located in the Galaxy and undergone the X-ray outburst in 2019. We analysed the observation data in very soft state during the outburst between MJD 58588 and MJD 58596 based on the Insight-HXMT observations from 2 to 20 keV via the continuum fitting method to measure the spin of the stellar-mass black hole in MAXI J1348-630. The inner disc temperature and the apparent inner disc radius were found to be $0.47\pm 0.01 \rm \,\rm \,keV$ and 5.33 ± 0.10 R<SUB>g</SUB> from the observation data modeled by the multicolour disc blackbody model. Assuming the distance of the source $D\sim 3.4 \rm \,kpc$ , the mass of the black hole M ~ 11 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and the inclination of the system i ~ 29.2°, the spin is determined to be a<SUB>⋆</SUB> = 0.41 ± 0.03 for fixing hardening factor at 1.6 and $n_{H}=8.6\times 10^{21} \rm cm^{-2}$ . Besides, considering the uncertainty of the parameters D, M, i of this system, with the Monte Carlo analysis, we still confirm the moderate spin of the black hole as $a_{\star }=0.42^{+0.13}_{-0.50}$ . Some spectral parameters (e.g. column density and hardening factor) which could affect the measurements of the BH spin are also briefly discussed. | 9 |
a lightweight mobile kitchen has the capability to be transported to a remote food service site by a small prime mover and quickly be placed in operation by a minimal crew . the kitchen is self contained on a wheeled chassis and is moved as a closed wagon , then the sides and end are opened for cooking . accessory flexible enclosure material is connected to the wagon sides to provide an enclosure for protection from the elements during service and consumption of food . the efficiency of the cooking operation results from the layout of the various utilities to maximize the individual resources of the cooks . the kitchen has compartmentalized areas for sanitation , food preparation , grilling , convection baking , ovens , and warming . the kitchen is self contained and includes its own fuel , filtration system , potable water , fuel , electric lights , an automatic gas shutoff and a fire suppression system . | 1 |
a signal light including a housing is recessed into a traffic surface and projects minimally upwardly from the surface and wherein a light processing assembly is provided to receive light from a light source , intensify the light and direct the light toward a light outlet in a generally linear manner , the arrangement for processing light being mounted to the housing . for this purpose , the light source is designed in such a way that it sends an essentially linearly directed light beam onto the light processing assembly . the light is collected in the light processing assembly in such a way that , when it exits , it is still linearly extending in at least one direction but it has a higher intensity . for this purpose , the light processing assembly includes a cylindrical - convex lens entry surface and a cylindrical concave mirror surface for receiving and directing light . | 5 |
a control device for a switched reluctance motor which includes a target current determination device for determining a target value of a current which is supplied to each of a plurality of coil phases of a motor , a current supply timing determination device for determining timings at which the current begins to be supplied to each of the coil phases and at which the supply of the current is ended , a pulse width modulating device for generating a pulse width modulating signal so that the current which is supplied to each of the coil phases is modulated so as to correspond to the target value and a synchronization device for synchronizing a starting time of the pulse width modulating signal with the timing at which the current begins to be supplied to each of the coil phases . | 7 |
a circular knitting machine has sinkers arranged for radially reciprocating around an upper portion of a cylinder , and latch needles arranged around the upper portion &# 39 ; s perimeter for reciprocating along the axis of the cylinder . selected ones of the needles draw down a lay - in yarn while the sinkers between the selected needles remain in a pushed forward position , so that the lay - in yarn overrides the nibs of the sinkers . in a preferred embodiment , each forth needle , and only each fourth needle , is selected to draw down a lay - in yarn , and four sinkers are positioned between each adjacent pair of the selected needles so that the lay - in yarn overrides four nibs between each draw down . the selected and non - selected needles engage jersey yarns at other knitting stations . this circular knitting machine can be adapted from existing knitting machines . | 3 |
We analyse the demographics of black holes (BHs) in the large-volume cosmological hydrodynamical simulation Horizon-AGN. This simulation statistically models how much gas is accreted on to BHs, traces the energy deposited into their environment and, consequently, the back-reaction of the ambient medium on BH growth. The synthetic BHs reproduce a variety of observational constraints such as the redshift evolution of the BH mass density and the mass function. Strong self-regulation via AGN feedback, weak supernova feedback, and unresolved internal processes result in a tight BH-galaxy mass correlation. Starting at z ∼ 2, tidal stripping creates a small population of BHs over-massive with respect to the halo. The fraction of galaxies hosting a central BH or an AGN increases with stellar mass. The AGN fraction agrees better with multi-wavelength studies, than single-wavelength ones, unless obscuration is taken into account. The most massive haloes present BH multiplicity, with additional BHs gained by ongoing or past mergers. In some cases, both a central and an off-centre AGN shine concurrently, producing a dual AGN. This dual AGN population dwindles with decreasing redshift, as found in observations. Specific accretion rate and Eddington ratio distributions are in good agreement with observational estimates. The BH population is dominated in turn by fast, slow, and very slow accretors, with transitions occurring at z = 3 and z = 2, respectively. | 9 |
arrangements are described wherein fluid is supplied under pressure to lubricate and replenish the fluid film located between the rotating , inner bearing sleeve and the outer , stationary sleeve insert of the bearing assemblies of a motor . the sleeve insert is provided with fluid metering passages that permit lubricating fluid to pass through the body of the sleeve insert . the sleeve insert is disposed radially within a sleeve insert holder , and a fluid gap is defined between the two components . during operation , vibration of the rotor shaft within the stator bore is damped by the fluid spring created by the metering of fluid through the sleeve insert . as a result , friction is reduced and the lifespan of the motor increased . | 5 |
a system and method for attaching soft tissue to bone . the invention comprises the provision and use of a novel two - part anchor for attaching soft tissue and the like to bone . in one form of the invention , the two - part anchor generally comprises a stake and a cap . the stake is adapted to be positioned in bone and form a stake for impalement by a piece of soft tissue . the cap is adapted to cap soft tissue which has been impaled on the stake and thereby bind the soft tissue to the stake and , hence , to the bone in which the stake is set . | 8 |
Presently, a >3σ tension exists between values of the Hubble constant H<SUB>0</SUB> derived from analysis of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background by Planck, and local measurements of the expansion using calibrators of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). We perform a blinded re-analysis of Riess et al. (2011) to measure H<SUB>0</SUB> from low-redshift SNe Ia, calibrated by Cepheid variables and geometric distances including to NGC 4258. This paper is a demonstration of techniques to be applied to the Riess et al. (2016) data. Our end-to-end analysis starts from available Harvard -Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA3) and Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) photometries, providing an independent validation of Riess et al. (2011). We obscure the value of H<SUB>0</SUB> throughout our analysis and the first stage of the referee process, because calibration of SNe Ia requires a series of often subtle choices, and the potential for results to be affected by human bias is significant. Our analysis departs from that of Riess et al. (2011) by incorporating the covariance matrix method adopted in Supernova Legacy Survey and Joint Lightcurve Analysis to quantify SN Ia systematics, and by including a simultaneous fit of all SN Ia and Cepheid data. We find H_0 = 72.5 ± 3.1 ({stat}) ± 0.77 ({sys}) km s<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>-1</SUP>with a three-galaxy (NGC 4258+LMC+MW) anchor. The relative uncertainties are 4.3 per cent statistical, 1.1 per cent systematic, and 4.4 per cent total, larger than in Riess et al. (2011) (3.3 per cent total) and the Efstathiou (2014) re-analysis (3.4 per cent total). Our error budget for H<SUB>0</SUB> is dominated by statistical errors due to the small size of the SN sample, whilst the systematic contribution is dominated by variation in the Cepheid fits, and for the SNe Ia, uncertainties in the host galaxy mass dependence and Malmquist bias. | 9 |
in a reliable semiconductor device and a method of fabricating the semiconductor device , a difference in height between upper surfaces of a cell region and a peripheral region is minimized by optimizing dummy gate parts . the semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate including a cell region and a peripheral region surrounding the cell region , a plurality of dummy active regions surrounded by a device isolating region and formed apart from each other , and a plurality of dummy gate parts formed on the dummy active regions and on the device isolating regions located between the dummy active regions , wherein each of the dummy gate parts covers two or more of the dummy active regions . | 7 |
PRIMER (Public Release IMaging for Extragalactic Research) is a major public Treasury Program designed to provide the astronomical community with an early, large-area, homogenous, deep JWST NIRCam+MIRI imaging survey of enormous power and legacy value. Exploiting to the full the unique near-mid IR imaging capablities of JWST, PRIMER will have an immediate scientific impact, revolutionizing our knowledge of early galaxy and black-hole formation/evolution out to the highest redshifts yet probed. Moreover, executed early in the JWST mission, PRIMER can be a key driver for maximising the exploitation of JWST in subsequent cycles, as it will yield a wealth of new high-redshift targets for follow-up spectroscopy with JWST NIRSpec - we predict that PRIMER will reveal ~120,000 galaxies out to z~12, ~70% of which are new (i.e. undetected by HST or Spitzer). In addition, because PRIMER images the two key equatorial HST CANDELS Legacy Fields (COSMOS and UDS), new high-z targets will also be accessible with ALMA for follow-up at (sub)mm wavelengths, maximising the long-term impact of this major Cycle-1 program. By delivering fully-sampled 10-band NIRCam+MIRI imaging across a wide area, PRIMER enables a wealth of extragalactic science that cannot be addressed by the approved GTO or ERS programs. Indeed, PRIMER increases by a factor of ~20 the area of comparable-quality deep JWST imaging available to the community in Cycle 1, which we show is key to advancing our knowledge of the young Universe. To ensure the success of PRIMER we have assembled a large, expert, multi-national team. We will release all data with zero proprietary time, along with a wealth of higher-level data products. | 9 |
the invention provides a novel electric power source unit such as a high - speed pulse power source unit built with a pulse - forming circuit and a dc electric power source unit built with a high - frequency voltage - multipler rectifying circuit having high performance in comparison with conventional units . the inventive unit comprises , as a part of the circuit , at least one ceramic capacitor composed of a ceramic dielectric body made of a strontium titanate - based composition unlike the conventional ones in the prior art comprising barium titanate - based ceramic capacitors . four classes of the preferred compositions are disclosed each containing strontium titanate as the principal component . | 2 |
We select galaxies from the IllustrisTNG hydrodynamical simulations (M_stars> 10^9 M_⊙ at 0 ≤ z ≤ 2) and characterize the shapes and evolutions of their UVJ and star formation rate-stellar mass (SFR-M<SUB>stars</SUB>) diagrams. We quantify the systematic uncertainties related to different criteria to classify star-forming versus quiescent galaxies, different SFR estimates, and by accounting for the star formation measured within different physical apertures. The TNG model returns the observed features of the UVJ diagram at z ≤ 2, with a clear separation between two classes of galaxies. It also returns a tight star-forming main sequence (MS) for M_stars< 10^{10.5} (M_⊙) with a ∼0.3 dex scatter at z ∼ 0 in our fiducial choices. If a UVJ-based cut is adopted, the TNG MS exhibits a downwardly bending at stellar masses of about 10<SUP>10.5-10.7</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. Moreover, the model predicts that {∼ }80 (50) per cent of 10<SUP>10.5-11</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> galaxies at z = 0 (z = 2) are quiescent and the numbers of quenched galaxies at intermediate redshifts and high masses are in better agreement with observational estimates than previous models. However, shorter SFR-averaging time-scales imply higher normalizations and scatter of the MS, while smaller apertures lead to underestimating the galaxy SFRs: overall we estimate the inspected systematic uncertainties to sum up to about 0.2-0.3 dex in the locus of the MS and to about 15 percentage points in the fraction of quenched galaxies. While TNG colour distributions are clearly bimodal, this is not the case for the SFR logarithmic distributions in bins of stellar mass (SFR ≳ 10<SUP>-3</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>yr<SUP>-1</SUP>). Finally, the slope and z = 0 normalization of the TNG MS are consistent with observational findings; however, the locus of the TNG MS remains lower by about 0.2-0.5 dex at 0.75 ≤ z < 2 than the available observational estimates taken at face value. | 9 |
a system and its design variations using heat pump to generate useful warm and cool usages for multi functional mobile projector is exposed ; the purpose is two folds : first is to reduce the excessive heat , in order to increase the brightness ; the second is to reuse the energy , so to extend the functionalities . the key component used is silicon based heat pump , which can convert the electrical energy to heat energy . different shaped heat or cool fins are designed to match the multiple use cases . one sample implementation using digital serial interface is described in details . | 6 |
a dc switchgear provided with a commutation - type dc circuit breaker having a main circuit provided with a main switch for interconnecting a dc power supply and a load and for enabling and disabling a main circuit current flow , and a commutating circuit provided with a commutating capacitor and a commutating switch , which is connected electrically parallel to the main switch , comprising : a dc circuit breaker accommodating box includes , as a standard arrangement , the main circuit provided with the main switch , and the commutation - type dc circuit breaker having the commutating circuit provided with the commutating capacitor and the commutating switch , which are connected electrically parallel to the main switch ; a front accommodating box disposed on the front of the dc circuit breaker accommodating box , which accommodates devices having functions for controlling the switchgear and indicating a status of the switchgear including a failure status thereof ; and a rear accommodating box disposed on the back of the dc circuit breaker accommodating box , which accommodates a device for monitoring a status of the main circuit and protecting the main circuit ; wherein the front accommodating box and the rear accommodating box are connected to the dc circuit breaker accommodating box to form an integrated dc switchgear . | 7 |
two subs are held in a fixed position relative to each other when assembled to a string and run into a wellbore . a reservoir of fluid is defined in a wall between the subs . the reservoir has one or more outlets connected by a short jumper line to an adjacent tool to be operated . at the appropriate time , set down weight breaks a shear pin to reduce the reservoir volume and create pressure in the exit lines . the exit lines can be connected to operating pistons in adjacent tools to actuate them or to perform other desired functions using a stream of pressurized fluid . the device can be set for one time or multiple cycles where fluid in the reservoir can be replenished and re - pressurized for multiple cycles of operation . | 4 |
the present invention relates to a novel dna assay for the diagnosis and / or prediction of autoimmune diabetes . the present invention relates to a dna assay for the prediction of autoimmune diabetes in human subjects , which comprises the steps of a ) obtaining a dna sample from the subject and amplifying at least one class iii allele of variable number of tandem repeats located upstream of the insulin gene which is associated with silencing of thymic insulin mrna expression ; and b ) subjecting the sample to electrophoresis to identify the silencing class iii allele . | 2 |
a one - piece replacement sleeve is provided for installation on a conveyor belt roller to prolong the roller &# 39 ; s wear life . the cylindrical , split sleeve has a central bore to receive the roller and circumferential grooves in the outer surface to receive fastening circlets to fasten the sleeve to the roller . the sleeve has two radial slits oppositely disposed and extending axially along the entire length of the sleeve to facilitate easy installation and replacement of the sleeve . the slits allow the sleeve to be installed on the roller without the need to remove the roller from its journal mountings . the slits also allow the worn sleeve to be quickly and easily removed by cutting or otherwise removing the fastening circlets . since the sleeve is formed of one piece of material , the sleeve wears concentrically , reducing vibrations in the conveyor belt assembly . the sleeve provides significant improvements over roller discs and two - piece roller sleeves in the prior art . | 1 |
a non - invasive system for accurately determining the counter emf or speed voltages in an electric motor during motor operation . the system includes a mechanism for determining the phase angle of the stator current within the dq frame of reference and a mechanism for transforming feedback voltages into a new frame of reference defined by this phase angle . the speed voltage values thereby detected are free from stator resistance effects and represent parameters of improved accuracy which can be used in motor control functions . | 7 |
a consumable roller holder is disclosed that provides a pair of arms extending from an essentially centrally located mount . a spindle is coupled to one of the arms for supporting a consumable roll and one of the arms is configured to pivot between a closed position and an opened position at which the arm is self - supporting to resist rotation of the arm toward the closed position . | 0 |
disclosed are network management procedures that apply measurements of traffic load to achieve greater efficiency in the operation of the network . in a method for deciding whether to route an incoming call on a selected potential service route , the potential service route is treated preferentially if each of its links has available capacity that is more than sufficient by a specified margin . in a method for computing billing revenues , the non - compliance of the network service provider with contracted requirements for carried load causes a revenue penalty to be exacted for lost bandwidth . | 7 |
an apparatus identifies a connector configuration event . responsive to the connector configuration event , the apparatus sends an external service information request . the apparatus receives an external service reply to the external service information request . the apparatus performs connector configuration , wherein the connector configuration employs information included in the external service reply , and wherein the performing connector configuration yields a connector employable in consumer external service access . | 6 |
method for handling a substrate with polarizable molecules including providing a carrier with a first junction electrode and disposing the substrate between the first junction electrode and a second junction electrode . fixing the substrate on the carrier is achieved by applying a voltage between the first junction electrode and the second junction electrode , so that the polarizable molecules are polarized . after removing the second junction electrode , the substrate remains fixed on the carrier . | 7 |
The disk components of galaxies generally show an exponential profile extending over several scale lengths, both in mass and star formation rate, but the physical origin is not well understood. We explore a physical model in which the galactic gas disk is viewed as a "modified accretion disk" in which coplanar gas inflow, driven by viscous stresses in the disk, provides the fuel for star formation, which progressively removes gas as it flows inward. We show that magnetic stresses from magneto-rotational instability are the most plausible source of the required viscosity, and construct a simple physical model to explore this. A key feature is to link the magnetic field strength to the local star formation surface density, ${B}_{\mathrm{tot}}\propto {{\rm{\Sigma }}}_{\mathrm{SFR}}^{\alpha }$ . This provides a feedback loop between star formation and the flow of gas. We find that the model naturally produces stable steady-state exponential disks, as long as α ~ 0.15, the value indicated from spatially resolved observations of nearby galaxies. The disk scale length h <SUB>R</SUB> is set by the rate at which the disk is fed, by the normalization of the B <SUB>tot</SUB>-Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB> relation and by the circular velocity of the halo. The angular momentum distribution of the gas and stars within the disk is a consequence of the transfer of angular momentum that is inherent to the operation of an accretion disk, rather than the initial angular momentum of the inflowing material. We suggest that magnetic stresses likely play a major role in establishing the stable exponential form of galactic disks. | 9 |
Sterile neutrinos are natural extensions to the standard model of particle physics in neutrino mass generation mechanisms. If they are relatively light, less than approximately 10 keV, they can alter cosmology significantly, from the early Universe to the matter and radiation energy density today. Here, we review the cosmological role such light sterile neutrinos can play from the early Universe, including production of keV-scale sterile neutrinos as dark matter candidates, and dynamics of light eV-scale sterile neutrinos during the weakly-coupled active neutrino era. We review proposed signatures of light sterile neutrinos in cosmic microwave background and large scale structure data. We also discuss keV-scale sterile neutrino dark matter decay signatures in X-ray observations, including recent candidate ∼3.5 keV X-ray line detections consistent with the decay of a ∼7 keV sterile neutrino dark matter particle. | 9 |
Studying molecular gas in nearby galaxies using hydrogen cyanide (HCN) as a tracer for higher densities than CO emission still poses a significant challenge. Even though several galaxies have HCN maps on a few kpc scales, higher-resolution maps are still required. Our goal is to examine the contrast in intensity between two tracers that probe different density regimes - HCN(1-0)/CO(2-1) ratio - and their kinematics across NGC 253. By utilizing the advanced capabilities of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), we can map these features at high resolution across a large field of view and uncover the nature of such dense gas in extragalactic systems. We present new ALMA Atacama Compact Array and Total Power (ACA+TP) observations of the HCN emission across NGC 253, covering the inner 8.6' of the galaxy disk at 300 pc scales. We analyze the integrated intensity and mean velocity of HCN and CO along each line of sight and use SCOUSE software to perform spectral decomposition, which considers each velocity component separately. Molecular gas traced by HCN piles up in a ring-like structure at a radius of 2 kpc. The HCN emission is enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude in the central 2 kpc regions, beyond which its intensity decreases with increasing galactocentric distance. The number of components in the HCN spectra shows a robust environmental dependence, with multiple velocity features across the center and bar. We have identified an increase in the HCN/CO ratio in these regions, corresponding to a velocity component likely associated with a molecular outflow. We have also discovered that the ratio between the total infrared luminosity and dense gas mass, which indicates the star formation efficiency of dense gas, is anti-correlated with the molecular gas surface density up to approximately 200 Msul/pc^2. In contrast, beyond this point, the ratio starts to increase. | 9 |
provided may be a wind propelled rolling vehicle with a self - adjusting sail that may be substantially formed in a relatively small , single sheet of material , or assembled onto a standard chassis . the exemplary embodiments may utilize bushings to spread dynamic loads so as to allow the use of very light structural material such as thin sheet foam thereby forming a safe , low - mass toy vehicle capable of achieving good acceleration and rolling speed relative to a given wind force , and configurable into many themes . | 0 |
the disclosure relates to providing access to database objects . a first view displays first and second database access mechanisms . the first database access mechanism includes at least one database access pattern including a predefined search of the database . the second database access mechanism includes at least one selection function and an input function , for searching a selected subset of the database for objects having an input value . the second database access mechanism is also capable of adding a database access pattern to the first database access mechanism . a third database access mechanism comprises an attribute choice and an input field to search for database objects having the input value associated with a chosen attribute . | 8 |
No description provided. | 9 |
a delay circuit comprises a signal generator and a delay component . the signal generator comprises a terminal for receiving a trigger signal and an output for outputting a signal when receiving a trigger signal with a pre - determined characteristic . the delay mean comprises an input for receiving the signal outputted by the signal generator and an output for generating a signal delayed with a delay referred to the time the delay mean received the signal outputted by the signal generator . | 7 |
an article sensor for use with a conveyor having an article conveying surface includes a sensing member , a pivot which pivotally mounts the sensing member to pivot about a horizontal axis , and a bias which biases the sensing member above the conveying surface . the pivot is defined by a shaftless bearing which operates with an exceptionally small amount of friction which is substantially unaffected by side - loading placed on the bearing . | 1 |
A long-term (1995-2016) survey for novae in the nearby Andromeda galaxy (M31) was conducted as part of the Research-Based Science Education initiative. During the course of the survey 180 nights of observation were completed at Kitt Peak, Arizona. A total of 262 novae were either discovered or confirmed, 40 of which have not been previously reported. Of these, 203 novae form a spatially complete sample detected by the KPNO/WIYN 0.9 m telescope within a $20^{\prime} \times 20^{\prime} $ field centered on the nucleus of M31. An additional 50 novae are part of a spatially complete sample detected by the KPNO 4 m telescope within a larger $36^{\prime} \times 36^{\prime} $ field. Consistent with previous studies, it is found that the spatial distribution of novae in both surveys follows the bulge light of M31 somewhat more closely than the overall background light of the galaxy. After correcting for the limiting magnitude and the spatial and temporal coverage of the surveys, a final nova rate in M31 is found to be $R={40}_{-4}^{+5}$ yr<SUP>-1</SUP>, which is considerably lower than recent estimates. When normalized to the K-band luminosity of M31, this value yields a luminosity-specific nova rate, ν <SUB> K </SUB> = 3.3 ± 0.4 yr ${}^{-1}\,{[{10}^{10}\,{L}_{\odot ,K}]}^{-1}$ . By scaling the M31 nova rate using the relative infrared luminosities of M31 and our Galaxy, a nova rate of ${R}_{{\rm{G}}}={28}_{-4}^{+5}$ yr<SUP>-1</SUP> is found for the Milky Way. | 9 |
refined recording of line contours in electronic reproduction technology , whereby the recording takes place by means of several selectively drivable recording beams within a raster point with finer resolution than the scanning . the control signals for the individual beams are obtained from the density values of the surroundings of the raster point to be recorded which are stored during the scanning . | 7 |
SpECTRE is an open-source code for multi-scale, multi-physics problems in astrophysics and gravitational physics. In the future, we hope that it can be applied to problems across discipline boundaries in fluid dynamics, geoscience, plasma physics, nuclear physics, and engineering. It runs at petascale and is designed for future exascale computers. SpECTRE is being developed in support of our collaborative Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes (SXS) research program into the multi-messenger astrophysics of neutron star mergers, core-collapse supernovae, and gamma-ray bursts. | 9 |
The exoplanetary system around beta Pictoris is one of the most iconic and well-studied circumstellar environments to date. It comprises of the first ever directly imaged (debris) disk and two directly imaged super-Jovian gas giant planets orbiting the host star at ~3 and ~10 au, comparable to the orbital separations of the gas giants in our own Solar System. Here, we present the first JWST NIRCam and MIRI observations of the prominent debris disk, as well as direct images of the outer exoplanet beta Pictoris b between 2 and 5 micron. The former reveal hints of a recent collision through the presence of an extended secondary disk in thermal emission never seen before. The most conspicuous feature is a trail of material, a "cat's tail" that bends away from the disk. The connection of this new feature with the main disk is co-located with the previously reported CO clump, which further reinforces the collisional scenario. We present a model of this secondary disk, sporadically producing dust that broadly reproduces the morphology, flux, and color of the cat's tail and suggests that the secondary disk is comprised largely of porous, organic, and refractory dust grains. The new images of the planet beta Pictoris b provide a view on its atmosphere at wavelengths inaccessible from the ground and agree well with predictions from models assuming a thick and cloudy atmosphere. JWST high-contrast imaging heralds a new era for studying the thermal emission of circumstellar disks and for the characterization of clouds and disequilibrium chemistry on fainter planets, which cannot be detected from the ground at 3-5 micron. | 9 |
a kit for forming a hollow block assembly to be used to construct a wall , the kit consisting of two face panels and a plurality of fasteners , each face panel comprising a plurality of spaced apart flanges extending perpendicularly from and attached to each panel so that a hollow block structure is assembled when the flanges of the face panels are connected together , directly or indirectly , by the fasteners . | 4 |
a potentially dangerous machine is secured to protect against injuries and has first and second tool parts that define an opening gap between them . at least the first tool part is movable relative to the second tool part in a movement direction during an operating cycle for deforming a workpiece between them by reducing a size of the opening gap in the movement direction . the protected zone precedes the first tool part and extends over at least a portion of the opening gap in the direction of relative movement . the protected zone is monitored with an optoelectronic sensor , and a danger signal is generated in response to a breach of the protected zone . when the size of the opening gap in the movement direction becomes smaller than the protected zone , the size of the protected zone is correspondingly reduced until during subsequent closing movements of the first tool part substantially the entire opening gap is within the protected zone . | 5 |
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