text
stringlengths 12
51.9k
| label
int64 0
9
|
|---|---|
a pneumatic conveying system for conveying particulate material includes a connection chamber for changing the direction of flow so as to bring about a pressure drop . an upstream tube and a downstream tube are connected , spaced from each other , to an end wall in the connection chamber . between the tubes , the end wall is formed with a double - curved surface bulging inwards towards the connection chamber , said surface being suitably saddle - shaped . | 5 |
in relation with a laser - induced transport process of an object from a carrier to a collecting device , the invention provides a collecting medium in the collecting device in a liquid state . prior to the laser - induced transport process , the object is separated from a mass on the carrier by laser irradiation . after the laser - induced transport process , the object , thus selected and separated , is transferred together with the collecting medium to a destination , for example , a container , for further treatment . to this end , a manipulation system for liquids is provided , the system permitting manipulation of the collecting medium with the object contained therein with a high degree of reliability and a high throughput . | 1 |
the present invention relates to novel antimicrobial peptides , to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said peptides , and to the uses thereof , in particular as antimicrobial drugs , disinfectants , pesticides or preservatives . the present invention also relates to a transgenic plant expressing said novel peptides . | 2 |
a label switching router having an internal channel share function over an asynchronous transfer mode that sets up an internal channel in advance of the external channel and shares it when an external channel needs to be set up , and a method for sharing an internal channel using the same . the label switching router includes a forwarding engine for setting up a label switched path by using a signaling protocol , extracting an egress forwarding engine number and a channel identifier , allocating an extension tag , searching a previously - set internal channel , forming a forwarding information base / label information base including the previously - set internal channel identifier and the extension tag , adding a header having the internal channel identifier and extension tag to a received internet protocol packet by referring to the forwarding information base / label information base , and forwarding the internet protocol packet , and a merging unit for receiving label switched path set information from a peer forwarding engine , forming an extension information base / merging table where an internal channel identifier is mapped to an extension tag , performing merging when receiving an internet protocol packet having the extension tag , extracting the extension tag , mapping the extension tag to the internal channel identifier , and forwarding the internet protocol packet to an internal channel having the mapped internal channel identifier . | 7 |
in order to obtain a sintered oxidic permanent magnetic material with improved properties , a mixture is prepared which forms a magnet having a composition defined by the formula mefe 2 2 + fe 16 3 + o 27 , where me is one or more of the metals barium or strontium , optionally partly replaced by clacium and / or lead . a prefired product having a ferrous iron content which corresponds to the stoichiometric ferrous content of the product composition is sintered at a temperature between 1160 ° and 1250 ° c . in an atmopshere having such an oxygen concentration that substantially no oxygen exchange takes place between the product and the atmosphere . | 8 |
The New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST) is a one meter vacuum solar telescope that aims to observe fine structures on the Sun. The main goals of NVST are high resolution imaging and spectral observations, including measurements of the solar magnetic field. NVST is the primary ground-based facility used by the Chinese solar research community in this solar cycle. It is located by Fuxian Lake in southwest China, where the seeing is good enough to perform high resolution observations. We first introduce the general conditions at the Fuxian Solar Observatory and the primary science cases of NVST. Then, the basic structures of this telescope and instruments are described in detail. Finally, some typical high resolution data of the solar photosphere and chromosphere are also shown. | 9 |
a method for adjusting a radial gap between two parallel rotary tools used for converting a flat substrate , the method using a converting arrangement including a first and a second cylindrical rotary converting tool , each tool provided with two laterally spaced apart conical lateral rolling rings arranged to cooperate to convert the substrate ; a first and a second lateral bearing , holds the first tool for rotation ; a third and a fourth lateral bearing , holds the second tool for rotation ; clamping elements tighten the first to the third bearing and the second to the fourth bearing . the method steps include loosening the elements for tightening ; pushing the first bearing away from the third bearing , and the second bearing away from the fourth bearing along a predetermined distance ; modifying a lateral position of at least one of the rings ; moving the first bearing radially closer to the third bearing , and the second bearing radially closer to the fourth bearing , and retightening the elements for tightening . | 1 |
there is provided a component mounting inspecting apparatus which can automatically set a solder bridge inspection region and output an optimum inspection result of a solder bridge . the component mounting board inspecting apparatus for inspecting a solder bridge of an electronic circuit board , in which a plurality of electrode pads are formed at predetermined spaced intervals and cream solder is applied on the electrode pads , includes a mechanism for automatically determining a distance between adjacent electrode pads and a mechanism for automatically setting a solder bridge inspection point if the distance between the adjacent electrode pads is equal to or shorter than a threshold value . | 6 |
an electrosurgical instrument includes a housing , a shaft extending from the housing , and an end effector assembly attached at a distal end of the shaft . a handle assembly is coupled to the housing and includes a movable handle for manipulating the end effector assembly . an outer sleeve is disposed about the shaft and selectively translatable relative thereto . an energizable member is operably coupled to the outer sleeve . a deployment mechanism is provided including a lever rotatably coupled to the housing and positioned proximally of the movable handle and at least one link member coupled between the lever and the outer sleeve . the link member couple to the outer sleeve distally of the movable handle . rotation of the lever translates the outer sleeve distally to move the outer sleeve over the end effector assembly and simultaneously deploy the energizable member distally past the end effector assembly . | 0 |
a remote focusing device for cameras is disclosed in which a focusing ring is rotatably disposed around the shutter release button coaxially thereof and is operatively coupled to a mechanism for moving the camera lens in such a way that when the focusing ring is rotated , the camera lens may be moved in the direction of the optical axis thereof for focusing . | 6 |
in the case of highly mobile vehicles overloading of the travelling pads of crawler tracks frequently gives rise to incipient cracks in the base plate , which generally start from the bottom of the incision of the tongue . a long service life for the travelling pad with base plate is achieved by the base plate being incision - free in the retaining region . | 1 |
a computer implemented method for determining a configuration of a medical robotic arm , wherein the configuration comprises a pose of the robotic arm and a position of a base of the robotic arm , comprising the steps of : — acquiring treatment information data representing information about the treatment to be performed by use of the robotic arm ; — acquiring patient position data representing the position of a patient to be treated ; and — calculating the configuration from the treatment information data and the patient position data . | 0 |
a method for monitoring a technical installation with a plurality of installation components connected to one another for transmitting data in order to perform process steps is provided . status messages , each status message containing a plurality of individual messages , are displayed on a display unit . upon initiation of the display of a status message , it is determined which individual messages assigned to the status message are to be displayed . | 6 |
an imaging guidewire can include one or more optical fibers communicating light along the guidewire . at or near its distal end , one or more blazed or other fiber bragg gratings can direct light to a photoacoustic transducer material that provides ultrasonic imaging energy . returned ultrasound can be sensed by an fbg sensor . a responsive signal can be optically communicated to the proximal end of the guidewire , and processed such as to develop a 2d or 3d image . in an example , the guidewire outer diameter can be small enough such that an intravascular catheter can be passed over the guidewire . to minimize the size of the guidewire , an ultrasound - to - acoustic transducer that is relatively insensitive to the polarization of the optical sensing signal can be used . the ultrasound - to - optical transducer can be manufactured so that it is relatively insensitive to the polarization of the optical sensing signal . | 0 |
a pocket opening sewing machine including a cutting device for producing two notching cuts at the ends of a pocket opening . the sewing machine has sewing needles and a belt driven clamping device for clamping to the sewn parts for advancing them in an advancing direction . the cutting device includes two knives spaced apart . the knife that is further from the sewing needles is movable toward the stationary knife that is closer to the needles . for adjusting the spacing between the knives , the movable knife is temporarily clamped to a moving belt which moves it toward the stationary knife . an adjustably positionable stop defines the furthest limit of spacing between the stationary and movable knives and a spring drives the movable knife against the stop . the clamping of the movable knife to the belt is initiated by a sensor which senses the passage of a sewn part and which operates a microcomputer with pocket length information stored in it to move the movable knife when required over the distance required . alternately , if the movable knife moves at a speed faster than the advancing speed of the sewn parts , adjustment of the movable knife stop can be dispensed with . | 3 |
a process for fabricating sliders with one or more sacrificial structures that facilitate lapping to create the air - bearing surface is described . prior to separating individual sliders from a wafer , a mask of material that is not removable by deep reactive ion etching is patterned on the surface of the sliders . the mask outlines a sacrificial extension around portions of the magnetic transducer elements that are nearest the predetermined plane which will become the abs . the sacrificial extension makes the surface of the slider which will be lapped non - planar . the sacrificial extension extends below the predetermined abs plane . when the sliders are individually separated by drie , the shape of the mask including the sacrificial extension is projected down into and along the slider body . | 6 |
the present invention relates to methods for identification and quantification of proteins expressed within a cell . the methods of the invention involve the separation of proteins based on their physical properties such as , for example , net charge , molecular weight , or immunoreactivity , followed by detection of said proteins using a number of different techniques including ramification - extension amplification method ; hybridization signal amplification method ; and detection with nanodots . the methods of the invention will have a variety of different uses including , but not limited to , uses for screening , for diagnosis and prognosis of disease . the methods of the invention are especially useful for identification of proteins that are not easily identified due to the small size of the protein , low concentration of the protein , or failure to separate proteins due to similar physical properties . | 6 |
The variable star AR Scorpii (AR Sco) was recently discovered to pulse in brightness every 1.97 min from ultraviolet wavelengths into the radio regime. The system is composed of a cool, low-mass star in a tight, 3.55-hour orbit with a more massive white dwarf. Here we report new optical observations of AR Sco that show strong linear polarization (up to 40%) that varies strongly and periodically on both the spin period of the white dwarf and the beat period between the spin and orbital period, as well as low-level (up to a few per cent) circular polarization. These observations support the notion that, similar to neutron-star pulsars, the pulsed luminosity of AR Sco is powered by the spin-down of the rapidly rotating white dwarf that is highly magnetized (up to 500 MG). The morphology of the modulated linear polarization is similar to that seen in the Crab pulsar, albeit with a more complex waveform owing to the presence of two periodic signals of similar frequency. Magnetic interactions between the two component stars, coupled with synchrotron radiation from the white dwarf, power the observed polarized and non-polarized emission. AR Sco is therefore the first example of a white dwarf pulsar. | 9 |
a hermetically sealed container having a nozzle that defines a dispensing orifice closed by a unitary but removable cap . accumulation of container contents in the cap is minimized by a constriction in the nozzle situated at least 0 . 1 inches from the dispensing orifice . | 1 |
We present the first calculation of Europa's sputtering (ion erosion) rate as a function of position on Europa's surface. We find a global sputtering rate of 2×10<SUP>27</SUP> H<SUB>2</SUB>O s<SUP>-1</SUP>, some of which leaves the surface in the form of O<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>. The calculated O<SUB>2</SUB> production rate is 1×10<SUP>26</SUP> O<SUB>2</SUB> s<SUP>-1</SUP>, H<SUB>2</SUB> production is twice that value. The total sputtering rate (including all species) peaks at the trailing hemisphere apex and decreases to about 1/3rd of the peak value at the leading hemisphere apex. O<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB> sputtering, by contrast, is confined almost entirely to the trailing hemisphere. Most sputtering is done by energetic sulfur ions (100s of keV to MeV), but most of the O<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB> production is done by cold oxygen ions (temperature ∼ 100 eV, total energy ∼ 500 eV). As a part of the sputtering rate calculation we compared experimental sputtering yields with analytic estimates. We found that the experimental data are well approximated by the expressions of Famá et al. for ions with energies less than 100 keV (Famá, M., Shi, J., Baragiola, R.A., 2008. Sputtering of ice by low-energy ions. Surf. Sci. 602, 156-161), while the expressions from Johnson et al. fit the data best at higher energies (Johnson, R.E., Burger, M.H., Cassidy, T.A., Leblanc, F., Marconi, M., Smyth, W.H., 2009. Composition and Detection of Europa's Sputter-Induced Atmosphere, in: Pappalardo, R.T., McKinnon, W.B., Khurana, K.K. (Eds.), Europa. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.). We compare the calculated sputtering rate with estimates of water ice regolith grain size as estimated from Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) data, and find that they are strongly correlated as previously suggested by Clark et al. (Clark, R.N., Fanale, F.P., Zent, A.P., 1983. Frost grain size metamorphism: Implications for remote sensing of planetary surfaces. Icarus 56, 233-245.). The mechanism responsible for the sputtering rate/grain size link is uncertain. We also report a surface composition estimate using NIMS data from an area on the trailing hemisphere apex. We find a high abundance of sulfuric acid hydrate and radiation-resistant hydrated salts along with large water ice regolith grains, all of which are consistent with the high levels of magnetospheric bombardment at the trailing apex. | 9 |
a fluidized solid process for upgrading or converting a hydrocarbon feedstock wherein carbonaceous deposits accumulate on a particulate fluidized solid and are burned in a regenerator to regenerate the solid , the regenerated solid and entrained combustion products are introduced into a vertical lift pipe , a fluid lift medium is introduced into the lift pipe and the regenerated solid is separated from the lift medium and combustion products to improve the quality of the regenerated solid contacted with the hydrocarbon feedstock . | 2 |
methods and systems for digital testing of semiconductor devices are disclosed . the inventions include testing modules for use with automatic test equipment 20 and device interface boards in order to extend their capabilities to perform digital testing of semiconductor devices . testing modules disclosed include memory and a test engine , which may be configured for digital testing according to further steps of the invention . | 6 |
a parquet panel assembled of rectangular shaped wood strips as inlays and the panel is formed to have irregular end edges such that alternate rows of inlay strips are staggered in such a way that a staggered edge of one panel will interleave with the staggered edge of an adjacent panel with sufficient precision that the seams between panels are not detectable and a former which enables the positioning and joining of the inlay strips with the requisite precision needed to assemble the panel . | 4 |
an evaluation arrangement for a digital incremental transmitter of the type wherein two phase - shifted sinusoidal voltages of the same period are produced generates a periodic triangular voltage signal which is subsequently converted to digital values . the digital values are produced in response to an interlinking of linear portions of the sinusoidal voltages . the digital values are used to address a read - only memory in which are stored a plurality of absolute values within a period . | 7 |
a stirring hot plate for simultaneously heating and stirring a mixture includes a phase controlled motor that spins magnets which couple to , and thereby spin , a stir bar within the mixture . in addition to spinning the magnets , the motor includes an operational mode in which the motor is rapidly braked thereby quickly spinning down the stir bar . the stirring hot plate also includes a visual indicator to the user that the platform is hot - to - the - touch that is especially effective when the stirring hot plate is not in use . | 1 |
an input setting method for a protective relaying apparatus including an input setting switch for setting data , a digital operational device for carrying out a relaying operation utilizing the data , and a memory device for storing the data , the method comprising the steps of setting the data by the input setting switch , storing the data thus set in the memory device , comparing the set data with the stored data , carrying out the relaying operation utilizing the data when the compared data are found equal , and issuing an alarm signal when the compared data are found to be unequal . | 7 |
an automotive communication system for a vehicle includes a global positioning system operable to determine a geographical location and a multi - pixel reconfigurable display device disposed at an interior portion of the vehicle . data is wirelessly communicated to and is received by electronic circuitry of the vehicle and the data is at least in part customized to the geographic location of the vehicle as determined by the global positioning system . information that is derived at least in part from the data is displayed by the display device and is viewable by a driver of the vehicle . a user input for the wireless communication is operable within the interior cabin of the vehicle . the automotive communication system includes voice input . the data is wirelessly communicated to the vehicle from a data provider located external of and remote from the vehicle . | 1 |
Characterizing pre-stellar cores in star-forming regions is an important step towards the validation of theoretical models of star formation. Due to their sub-arcsecond resolution, ALMA observations can potentially provide samples of pre-stellar cores up to distances of a few kpc, where regions of massive star formation can be targeted. However, the extraction of real cores from dust-continuum observations of turbulent star-forming clouds is affected by complex projection effects. In this work, we study the problem of core extraction both in the idealized case of column-density maps and in the more realistic case of synthetic 1.3 mm ALMA observations. The analysis is carried out on 12 regions of high column density from our 250 pc simulation. We find that derived core masses are highly unreliable, with only a weak correlation between the masses of cores selected in the synthetic ALMA maps and those of the corresponding three-dimensional cores. The fraction of real three-dimensional cores detected in the synthetic maps increases monotonically with mass and remains always below 50 per cent. Above $\sim 1\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ , the core mass function derived from the column-density maps is steeper than that of the three-dimensional cores, while the core mass function from the synthetic ALMA maps has a slope closer to that of the real three-dimensional cores. Because of the mass uncertainties, proper guidance from realistic simulations is essential if ALMA observations of protoclusters at kpc distances are to be used to test star formation models. | 9 |
a computerized method for operating a loyalty account is proposed in which a customer registers a payment card with a loyalty program of a merchant , and a loyalty account is associated with the payment card . when the customer uses the payment card to make a payment transaction involving the merchant , loyalty points are credited to the loyalty account . thus , the payment process is a single - step process from the point of view of the customer . the customer presents the payment card to the merchant to make a payment in the conventional manner , and the rest of the process steps to credit loyalty points to the corresponding loyalty account are performed without the involvement of the customer . conveniently , some of those steps can be performed by computing equipment of the payment network associated with the payment card , which arranges for loyalty points to be credited to a loyalty account associated with the payment card . | 6 |
a multipurpose recreational cart comprised of a round barrel shaped body , a handle for pushing or pulling the cart , a lid opening to expose the interior of the barrel and a chair pivotally connected in the interior of the barrel such that when the lid is opened a chair is exposed . | 0 |
a fabric light control window covering in which fabric vanes are adhesively bonded between two sheer fabric sheets such that relative movement between the sheer fabric sheets in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fabric vanes changes the angle of the fabric vanes and , thus , controls the amount of light admitted through the shade . the vanes are bonded to the sheer fabric sheets in a manner which tends to bias the sheer fabric sheets together to the nonlight admitting position . also , disclosed are methods and apparatus for manufacturing the above window covering . the method features linear application of adhesive to the vane material which provides for a uniform appearance in the finished product . a heat setting process and apparatus is disclosed in which the bonded layers of sheer fabrics and vanes are fed between belts over hot and cool surfaces , under uniform tension and pressure . this provides for heat setting of the layers of the window covering to a uniform temperature - size relationship without inducing wrinkles or distortion into the fabric during heat setting . | 1 |
a method and apparatus for rotating a cross - sectional asymmetrical condition of a laminar flowing material is provided in a hot runner system for supplying a laminar flowing material . the hot runner system has an upstream melt passage , a pair of intermediary melt passages downstream from the upstream melt passage , and for at least one intermediary melt passage , an associated pair of downstream melt passages downstream from the at least one intermediary melt passage . the cross - sectional asymmetrical condition of a laminar flowing material is rotated by providing a bending path for orienting at least one path outlet relative to a path inlet to rotate the cross - sectional asymmetrical condition of the laminar flowing material such that the cross - sectional asymmetrical condition is substantially equally divided between the two downstream portions . | 1 |
a time interleaved analog - to - digital converter includes a plurality of analog - to - digital subconverters which are monolithically integrated in an array on a semiconductor chip and are sequentially activated into sampling and conversion operation in the time interleaved fashion for converting a received analog signal into a digital form . if an analog - to - digital subconverter in the i - th row of the j - th column of the array is activated at one sampling time in the sequential activation , an analog - to - digital subconverter in the k - th row of the l - th column is subsequently activated , where i , k , j and l bear the relations expressed by : i - 2 ≦ k ≦ i + 2 and j - 2 ≦ l ≦ j + 2 . the sequential activation of the analog - to - digital subconverter array assures that the analog - to - digital subconverters disposed in physical proximity to one another are successively activated , thus greatly improving the differential linearity of the analog - to - digital converter characteristics . | 7 |
a cleaning device for a photoelectrostatic copying apparatus has a cleaning blade and a cleaning roller adapted to be brought into pressing engagement with a photosensitive member to effect cleaning thereof after transfer printing . the cleaning blade is brought out of contact with the photosensitive member and the cleaning roller is either brought out of contact with the photosensitive member or has its contact pressure reduced when the apparatus is inoperative , whereby damage to the photosensitive member due to the pressing engagement of the photosensitive member with the blade and the roller can be avoided or minimized . | 6 |
an interpolation circuit for use in an a / d converter comprises a first and a second pair of inputs and at least three pairs of outputs . the pairs of inputs receive pairs of two input signals which are substantially complementary to one another . at least two pairs of outputs supply pairs of two substantially complementary output signals . a first output of the third pair of outputs is coupled to a first input of the first pair of inputs . the second output of the third pair of outputs is connected to a circuit node which is not one of the inputs of the first pair of inputs . this node may be , for example , the first input of the second pair of inputs . another possibility is to make the node one end of an impedance element whose other end is coupled to the second input of the first pair of inputs . | 7 |
disclosed is a novel method of treating nuts with a compressed carbon dioxide gas so as to make them oxidation - resistant . for carrying out the method , a device is used , which can contain a compressed carbon dioxide gas and which is equipped with door or gate to put nuts into and take them out of itself , heater to heat nuts in itself , chiller to chill nuts in itself , and valve to introduce a carbon dioxide gas into itself and release the gas out of itself . nuts as treated by the novel method with the illustrated device are to be satisfactorily oxidation - resistant when they are stored . | 0 |
a mode selector assembly for use in a tape recorder or the like is disclosed herein , for placing the tape recorder or the like into a selected operating mode by means of a rotating member upon the actuation of an actuator lever . the mode selector assembly includes a cam surface on the rotating member , interlocking device provided between the actuator lever and the rotating member for sliding movement with rotating movement of the cam surface , responsive to rotation of the rotating member and connecting means for connecting the actuator lever to the interlocking means . the actuator lever is shifted to its actuated position via the interlocking means in response to rotation of the cam surface immediately after the rotating member is rotated upon actuation of the actuator lever . | 6 |
We present the first near all-sky yield of oscillating red giants from the prime mission data of NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We apply machine learning toward long-cadence TESS photometry from the first data release by the MIT Quick-look Pipeline to automatically detect the presence of red giant oscillations in frequency power spectra. The detected targets are conservatively vetted to produce a total of 158,505 oscillating red giants, which is an order of magnitude increase over the yield from Kepler and K2 and a lower limit to the possible yield of oscillating giants across TESS's nominal mission. For each detected target, we report effective temperatures and radii derived from colors and Gaia parallaxes, as well as estimates of their frequency at maximum oscillation power. Using our measurements, we present the first near all-sky Gaia-asteroseismology mass map, which shows global structures consistent with the expected stellar populations of our Galaxy. To demonstrate the strong potential of TESS asteroseismology for Galactic archeology even with only one month of observations, we identify 354 new candidates for oscillating giants in the Galactic halo, display the vertical mass gradient of the Milky Way disk, and visualize correlations of stellar masses with kinematic phase-space substructures, velocity dispersions, and α-abundances. | 9 |
a method for performing intrastromal ophthalmic laser surgery requires laser induced optical breakdown of stromal tissue without compromising bowman &# 39 ; s capsule . in detail , the method creates cuts in the stroma over all , or portions of , a plurality of concentric cylindrical surfaces . importantly , these cuts are all centered on the visual axis of the patient &# 39 ; s eye . in accordance with the present invention , cuts can be made either alone or in conjunction with the removal of predetermined volumes of stromal tissue . the actual location of cuts in the surgery will depend on whether the treatment is for presbyopia , myopia , hyperopia or astigmatism . | 0 |
a filter device reduces reflections on power lines from the motor drive to ac motors by providing a differential mode choke in series with a common mode choke both shunted by resistances tailored to the characteristic impedance of the power cable for differential mode and common mode reflections respectively . by treating both common mode based and differential mode based reflections , superior transient control and motor drive performance may be obtained . | 7 |
this invention relates to a process for synthesizing certain folic acid analogues , which are useful in treating cancer , inflammatory diseases , autoimmune diseases , and are commonly referred to as antifolates . the process employs improved steps for annulation , derivatization and addition reactions to produce the described antifolates from commonly available starting materials . | 2 |
this invention provides a rp - hplc method , for the determination of logp oct values , which combines ease of operation and high accuracy , and which has been shown to work for a set of 36 molecules largely comprised of drugs . the general features of the method are : i ) compound sparing , ii ) rapid determinations , iii ) low sensitivity to impurities , iv ) wide lipophilicity range , v ) good accuracy , vi ) excellent reproducibility . a linear free energy relationship analysis , based on solvation parameters , shows that the method encodes the same information obtained from a shake - flask logp oct determination . the value generated via this method is referred to as elogp oct . | 6 |
Galaxy mergers are known to trigger both extended and central star formation. However, what remains to be understood is whether this triggered star formation is facilitated by enhanced star formation efficiencies (SFEs), or an abundance of molecular gas fuel. This work presents spatially resolved measurements of CO emission collected with the Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) for 20 merging galaxies (either pairs or post-mergers) selected from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. Eleven additional merging galaxies are selected from the ALMA MaNGA QUEnching and STar formation (ALMaQUEST) survey, resulting in a set of 31 mergers at various stages of interaction and covering a broad range of star formation rates (SFRs). We investigate galaxy-to-galaxy variations in the resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt relation, (rKS: $\Sigma _{\textrm {H}_2}$ versus Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>), the resolved molecular gas main sequence (rMGMS: Σ<SUB>⋆</SUB> versus $\Sigma _{\textrm {H}_2}$), and the resolved star-forming main sequence (rSFMS: Σ<SUB>⋆</SUB> versus Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>). We quantify offsets from these resolved relations to determine if SFR, molecular gas fraction, or/and SFE is/are enhanced in different regions of an individual galaxy. By comparing offsets in all three parameters, we can discern whether gas fraction or SFE powers an enhanced Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>. We find that merger-induced star formation can be driven by a variety of mechanisms, both within a galaxy and between different mergers, regardless of interaction stage. | 9 |
in a method of fractional frequency reuse in a communication network , a frequency band is divided into a plurality of sub - bands according to a fractional frequency reuse scheme to define a ffr allocation of the band for a plurality of bases stations , each of the base stations being associated with a respective region . at a first base station of the plurality of base stations , the first base station associated with a first region , communication with a mobile terminal in the first region is established on one of the plurality of sub - bands according to the ffr allocation . a second base station of the plurality of base stations , the second base station associated with a second region , transmits on the one of the plurality of sub - bands according to the ffr allocation ; receives an indication of a coverage problem detected at the mobile terminal due to interference from the second base station on the one of the plurality of sub - bands ; and in response to the receiving the indication , decreases a transmit power level for the one of the plurality of sub - bands in the second region . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a cationic lipid based aqueous formulation comprising cationic lipid , dexamethasone and a neutral co - lipid , wherein the said formulation is useful for selective targeting and delivering gene to glucocorticoid receptor expressing cancer cells . glucorticoid receptors express in various normal and cancer cells . a lot of ligand activated physiological functions are known involving gr but its role in cancer progression is not clearly understood . synthetic gr antagonist , dexamethasone finds use as anti - inflammatory drug and is known to induce apoptosis in cancer cells . this dex is included in a cationic lipid - based formulation as a co - lipid to deliver to and express genes specifically in cancer cells possibly through expressed gr . gene delivery to cancer cells is independent of the gene construct , and tumor cell line . normal transformed cells expressing gr but with no cancer lineage show much smaller level of transfection . the composition of the formulation is optimized . the formulation may have particular application to the enhanced delivery of anticancer genetic constructs to cancer , with the synergistic effect of dex in inducing apoptosis as such . | 0 |
an engine coolant heater comprised generally of a heating tank contained within a combustion chamber having a burner . fuel is supplied to the burner where the fuel is ignited by an ignition probe in such a manner , that once ignited , continued controlled self - sustained fuel combustion is maintained . engine coolant contained within the heater is thereby heated and allowed to circulate within an engine to facilitate engine cold - weather starting . | 5 |
The abundance and isotope composition of redox sensitive elements in ancient sediments are increasingly used to understand the past ocean's geochemical state and the oxygenation history of the Earth. The redox transition of uranium (U) from soluble U<SUP>+6</SUP> to relatively insoluble U<SUP>+4</SUP> and its subsequent incorporation into reduced sediments has been used to deduce the redox state of the oceans in the past. Furthermore, recent analytical improvements have revealed significant <SUP>238</SUP>U/<SUP>235</SUP>U fractionation during this redox transition, offering the potential for U isotopes to act as a redox proxy. However, the development of U isotopes as a geochemical tracer requires that U isotope systematics associated with redox changes, are well-characterized. <P />This study focuses on U isotopes in recent sediments from the two largest modern anoxic ocean basins, the Black Sea and the Cariaco Basin, with the aim of advancing our understanding of the U isotope systematics in reducing marine environments. These anoxic sediments have high U accumulation rates and high <SUP>238</SUP>U/<SUP>235</SUP>U ratios relative to seawater, in general agreement with a process that accumulates reduced U with a heavy isotopic composition. Using Al and Ca concentrations to correct for detrital and biogenic carbonate-bound U, we estimate the reduced authigenic U accumulated in the sediments and its <SUP>238</SUP>U/<SUP>235</SUP>U. <P />These results highlight the importance of isotopic mass balance constraints during diffusive transport and reaction of U from seawater and through pore-water, affecting the observed <SUP>238</SUP>U/<SUP>235</SUP>U in sediments. Using these constraints, the average percentages of U depletion from top to bottom of the water column can be estimated, assuming batch-removal of U into anoxic sediments in a restricted basin. Using this framework, <SUP>238</SUP>U/<SUP>235</SUP>U in modern anoxic sediments from the Black Sea imply U depletions in the water column of ∼30%, which is close to the observed ∼40% U depletion in the modern Black Sea water column at these depths. Similar U depletion in the water column is estimated from anoxic sediment samples of the Cariaco Basin. These recent anoxic sediments provide a basis for interpreting authigenic <SUP>238</SUP>U/<SUP>235</SUP>U in ancient sediments. In particular, such analyses may offer insights, based on mass balance relationships, into whether particular ancient sediments were deposited in an open ocean or restricted basin. As such, this approach may provide key insight into the controls on local versus ocean-scale redox and, in that light, constraints the capacity of other proxies to capture global signals for anoxia/euxinia. | 9 |
Our solar system is just one of billions in the Milky Way, situated about half way from the Galaxy's core to its edge, and nestled safely between a pair of spiral arms. Out of those billions of planets, ours is the only one that we know to support life. This begs two questions. First, is our location in the Galaxy especially suitable for life? Second, if we want to find other life out there, where should we focus our search? In this dissertation, I contribute answers to both questions by seeking to better understand the boundaries of the Milky Way's galactic habitable zone (GHZ), the place in the galaxy where habitable worlds are most likely to be found. <P />We start in Chapter 2 by introducing a novel method for finding the average height of surface features on exoplanets, a characteristic that influences a planet's habitability but was heretofore unknowable. We use elevation data for the rocky bodies in our Solar System to simulate their transits in front of stars of different sizes. We provide a relationship between the scatter at the bottom of the resulting light curves and the so-called "bumpiness" of the transiting planet. <P />In Chapter 3, we zoom out from planets to get a better understanding of the dynamical and chemical evolution of the Milky Way, which are both crucial for constraining the Galaxy's GHZ. We use the Extreme Deconvolution Gaussian Mixture Model to identify overdensities of stars in both velocity and action space, called moving groups and orbit groups, respectively. Velocities and actions are calculated using data from the early third data release of the Gaia mission. When we analyze the chemical abundance distributions of these moving and orbit groups with GALAH DR3 data, we find that using velocities alone to define moving groups, or even using velocities and actions together, yields an incomplete view of the underlying density distributions and their origins. Our chemical analysis also confirms expected chemical evolution trends in the Solar neighborhood. <P />Next, we explore the effects of stellar motion and galactic dynamics on the habitability of planets in different regions of the Galaxy. In Chapter 4, we use Gaia DR2 data to calculate 3D galactocentric velocities for stars observed by the Kepler spacecraft. We compare the velocities of confirmed Kepler host stars to those of their non-host stellar twins and find that there's no relationship between stellar velocity and planet occurrence in the Solar neighborhood. In Chapter 5, we shift our attention to the Milky Way bulge, where stars are closer together and moving more quickly on more elliptical orbits than in the disk. We simulate the orbits of bulge stars and use a semi-analytical method to derive the rate of close stellar encounters. We find that roughly 8 in 10 bulge stars will come within 1000 AU of at least 1 other star every billion years. Half of these stars experience dozens of these encounters every gigayear. These encounters can have dramatic consequences for planets, and our findings strongly suggest that the Milky Way bulge is not the most suitable environment for life. <P />In Chapter 6, I share an overview of the science communication and outreach work I've done while in graduate school and explain how it's so closely tied to my research on GHZs. | 9 |
an inhaler for powdery , in particular medical , substances is formed with a suction air channel , which leads to a mouthpiece . the inhaler also has a storage chamber for storing the substance and a linearly moving dosing chamber for apportioning a specified amount of substance from the storage chamber to a transfer point to the suction air flow . the aim of the invention is to obtain a structurally simple solution that makes it possible to eliminate adding an external air flow . to this end , a component of the suction air flow , which is located in the direction of extension of the dosing chamber , empties said dosing chamber . | 0 |
an electrical connector includes a plug and a socket . the plug and the socket have identical numbers of at least two plug contacts and at least two socket contacts . at least two of the plug contacts and at least two of the socket contacts are conductively connected . | 7 |
there is provided a line circuit for connection to a key telephone system for indicating an incoming call , a call placed on hold , and an answered call . there is further provided a means for automatically indicating that the incoming call has been placed on hold for a predetermined time period . there is further provided a solid state device which switches telephone instrument lamp current for visual indication of the various line circuit operations . | 7 |
a control unit featuring clocked data transmission between a processor and at least one further circuit , the processor itself outputting the clock pulse . the processor monitors the clock pulse based on the output signals of at least two clock outputs . | 6 |
a switch designs having very low insertion loss , in which the insertion loss remains the same regardless of the number of inputs . a plurality of inputs are structured for receiving electromagnetic radiation signal having a wavelength λ . a plurality of switches , e . g ., pin diode switches , are coupled to a respective input . a main conductor is coupled to an output . a plurality of leg conductors are coupled at one end to the main conductor and at other end to a respective switch from the plurality of switches , wherein each of the leg conductors has a length substantially equal to nλ / 2 , wherein n is a whole natural number . | 7 |
standard flex - head wrenches and other standard wrenches having a head or fastener end - working portion are improved by adding a second and even third joint within the handle portion of the wrenches . the additional joints may comprise the standard ball bearing detent and mated groove pinion portion alone in structure or in conjunction with a locking sleeve , which aids in biasing the handle in any number of predetermined positions . | 1 |
a resistor device structure and method of manufacture therefore , wherein the resistor device structure invention includes a plurality of alternating conductive film and insulative film layers , at least two of the conductive film layers being electrically connected in parallel to provide for high current flow through the resistor device at high frequencies with increased temperature and mechanical stability . the alternating conductive film and insulative film layers may be of a planar or non - planar geometric spatial orientation . the alternating conductive film and insulative film layers may include lateral and vertical portions designed to enable a uniform current density flow within the structure itself through a self - ballasting effect within the physical resistor . a computer aided design tool with graphical and schematic features is provided to enable generation of hierarchical parameterized cells for a resistor element with the ability to provide customization , personalization and tunability of tcr , tcr matching , and high current and esd robustness . | 7 |
audiovisual content presentation to users has evolved from users receiving hardcopy printed materials to their searching and retrieving information by accessing any of hundreds of millions of web sites and billions of web pages . user retrieval being performed on a wide variety of platforms from high performance pcs to low performance cellular telephones . accordingly substantial limitations exist in initially displaying this audiovisual content as well as when users dynamically manipulate browser dimensions or move through the content . further additional limitations exist for those authoring both online and traditional content to manipulate sourced content to provide the published content . as such a requirement exists for dynamically resizing images that respects the information content within the audiovisual content . embodiments of the invention provide for content aware resizing of audiovisual content both within authoring and user environments , and in dependence upon device characteristics such as display , processor , power , etc . | 6 |
a bi - directional slide mechanism . a pair of master and slave disks engages opposite sides of the platform . rotational drivers are connected to master disks so the disks rotate eccentrically about their respective axes of rotation . opposing slave disks are connected to master disks on opposite sides of the platform by a circuitous mechanical linkage , or are electronically synchronized together using stepper motors , to effect coordinated motion . the synchronized eccentric motion of the pairs of master / slave disks compels smooth linear motion of the platform forwards and backwards without backlash . the apparatus can be incorporated in a mems device . | 6 |
the present invention relates to certain novel 1 - carboxymethyl - 2 - oxo - azepan derivatives of the formula useful as inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases . the compounds of formula are especially useful as selective inhibitors of mmp - 12 . pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds as well as methods of treating various disease states responding to inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase are also claimed herein . | 2 |
a drive chain suitable for use in a continuously variable transmission of a motor vehicle . the transmission has two pairs of spaced drive members about which the chain passes to transfer torque from one drive member to the other . the chain includes a plurality of link elements that include spaced , side - by - side plate links . the plate links include openings in which pairs of parallel rocker members are disposed for relative rocking movement of at least one rocker member about its longitudinal axis . the rocker members extend outwardly beyond the plate links and are retained in position by retaining members that engage particular rocker members . a method for stretching the chain is also disclosed in which areas of some of the plate links are plastically deformed before the chain is put to use . | 5 |
This study delves into [W60] B90, one of the most luminous and extreme Red Supergiants (RSGs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), aiming to search for evidence of episodic mass loss. Our discovery of a bar-like nebular structure at 1 pc, reminiscent of the bar around Betelgeuse, raised the question of whether [W60] B90 also has a bow shock. We collected and analyzed proper motion data from Gaia, as well as new multi-epoch spectroscopic and imaging data, and archival time-series photometry in the optical and mid-infrared. We found [W60] B90 to be a walkaway star, with a supersonic peculiar velocity in the direction of the bar. We detected shocked emission between the bar and the star, based on the [S II]/H$\alpha$ > 0.4 criterion, providing strong evidence for a bow shock. The 30-year optical light curve revealed semi-regular variability, showing three similar dimming events with $\Delta V \sim 1$ mag, a recurrence of $\sim$12 yr, and a rise time of 400 d. We found the mid-IR light curve to vary by 0.51 mag and 0.37 mag in the WISE1 and WISE2 bands, respectively, and by 0.42 mag and 0.25 mag during the last dimming event. During this event, optical spectroscopy revealed spectral variability (M3I to M4I), a correlation between the $T_{\rm eff}$ and the brightness, increased extinction, and, after the minimum, spectral features incompatible with the models. We also found a difference of >300 K between the $T_{\rm eff}$ measured from the TiO bands in the optical and the atomic lines from our $J$-band spectroscopy. We inferred that [W60] B90 is a more massive analog of Betelgeuse in the LMC and the first extragalactic single RSG with a suspected bow shock. Its high luminosity $\log(L/L_{\odot})=5.32$ dex, mass-loss rate, and mid-IR variability compared to other RSGs in the LMC, indicate that it is in an unstable evolutionary state undergoing episodes of mass loss. | 9 |
a liquid container detachably mountable to a container holder , the container holder includes a container body for containing liquid and including a front side engaging portion and a rear side engaging portion for engagement with the container holder , the front side engaging portion and rear side engaging portion being disposed at a leading side and a trailing side , respectively with respect to an inserting direction of the container into the container holder ; and a projection , provided on only one of lateral sides of the container body which extend parallel with the inserting direction , for being guided , when the container is mounted to the container holder , along an upper end of a guide wall provided in the container holder while the other lateral side is being limited by an inner surface of the container holder , and the container is being rotated substantially about the front side engaging portion . | 1 |
a method , system and computer program product for finding a diversified ranking list for a given query . in one embodiment , a multitude of date items responsive to the query are identified , a marginal score is established for each data item ; and a set , or ranking list , of the data items is formed based on these scores . this ranking list is formed by forming an initial set , and one or more data items are added to the ranking list based on the marginal scores of the data items . in one embodiment , each of the data items has a measured relevance and a measured diversity value , and the marginal scores for the data items are based on the measured relevance and the measured diversity values of the data items . | 6 |
the present invention provides a vehicle control system comprising a projecting device , a camera device , a control device and an actuating device . the vehicle steering control system does not need a physical steering wheel , thus the weight and cost of the vehicles can be reduced . in addition , the steering control system according to the present invention provides the drivers with brand new driving experience . | 1 |
methods and systems for detecting icing or incipient icing conditions external to a vehicle are disclosed . an apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the invention includes a temperature sensor configured to direct a first signal corresponding to a temperature of an airstream , and a water content sensor configured to direct a second signal corresponding to a water content of the airstream . a processing unit can receive the first and second signals and , based on at least the first and second signals , provide an indication when at least the first and second signals taken together correspond to an at least incipient icing condition . accordingly , the system can be installed on aircraft to provide notice to the crew of incipient or existing icing conditions . | 6 |
the invention relates to a socket for a plug and socket connection for coupling an optical fiber used in optical telecommunication systems . the socket comprises a light detector for converting the light radiated adjacent the optical fiber into an electrical signal for controlling the power dissipation of the light source . | 6 |
a method of manufacturing oriented si steel containing cu with high electric - magnetic property comprises : hot rolling slab ; after first cold rolling , heating it to 800 ° c . or higher temperature and performing intermediate decarburization annealing in a protective atmosphere with p h2o / p h2 of 0 . 50 ˜ 0 . 88 for 3 - 8 minutes , to decrease carbon content of the steel plate to less than 30 ppm ; then peening and acid - pickling to remove oxide of fe on surface and to control oxygen content to lower than 500 ppm ; secondary cold rolling to final thickness and coating separation agent in water - slurry form ; drying to decrease water content to lower than 1 . 5 %; high - temperature annealing in a protective atmosphere containing hydrogen with oxidation degree of 0 . 0001 - 0 . 2 ; finally applying a tension coating and leveling tension annealing . | 2 |
a method and system that allows the distribution of hot spare space across multiple disk drives that also store the data and redundant data in a fully active array of redundant independent disks , so that an automatic rebuilding of the array to an array of the identical level of redundancy can be achieved with fewer disk drives . the method configures the array with d disk drives of b physical blocks each . n user data and redundant data blocks are allocated to each disk drive , and f free blocks are allocated as hot spare space to each disk drive , where n + f & lt ;= b , and × f )& gt ;= n . thus , rebuilding of data and redundant blocks of a failed disk drive in the free blocks of the remaining disk drives is enabled after m disk drive failures . | 6 |
We study the magnetic activity in the ultrafast rotator dMe HK Aqr using tomography techniques with high-resolution spectroscopy. We aim to characterize how this magnetic activity appears in a regime of very fast rotation without external forces, given that HK Aqr is, very likely, a single star. We find dark spots located at low latitudes. We also detect prominences below the co-rotation radius and at low latitudes, coinciding with the spot latitudes. This apparent low-latitude activity contrasts with what is typically observed in fast rotators, which tend to form large polar spots. Moreover, we detect a stellar flare that produces an enhancement of the continuum and additional emission in the core of most photospheric and chromospheric lines. We find evidence that the flare is ignited above an active region, as seen in solar flares. This means that, with high probability, the flare is initiated by magnetic reconnection in complex active regions. We also present evidence of bulk redshifted velocities of about 15 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> during the rise of the flare, and velocities of 5-10 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> during the decay phase. An estimation of the heating during the flare results in about 200 kK close to the peak and in 100 kK at the end of the observations. | 9 |
a microscope includes a base having thereon first optics that image a region that includes a location for a specimen . a method and apparatus involve : removably supporting on the base an illumination module that includes a source of radiation and second optics ; and delivering radiation from the source to the location utilizing optical structure embodied entirely within the second optics , including directing radiation traveling from the source to the location through a lens that is part of the second optics . | 6 |
a structure of accumulated type trench mosfet in silicon carbide and forming method are disclosed . the mosfet includes a trench gate having a gate oxide layer , a polysilicon layer , a source region , and a drain region . the source region contains a p + heavily doped region , an n + heavily doped region and a p - base region , and a source contact metal layer . the p + heavily doped region the n + heavily doped region and the p - base region are abutting each other . the former two are extended to the front surface of the silicon carbide substrate having the source contact metal layer formed over and the latter one is beneath them . moreover , the p - base region is separated from the trench by an accumulation channel . the drain contact metal layer is formed on the rear surface of the silicon carbide substrate where the rear region of the silicon carbide is heavily doped than the front region thereof . | 7 |
the present invention pertains to a method of counteracting malodor by introducing a malodor counteracting effective amount of novel cyclohexanol compounds , wherein the compounds are represented by the following formula : an isomer or a mixture of isomers thereof , wherein one of r and r ′ represents hydrogen with the other representing a c 1 - c 6 linear , branched or cyclic alkyl , alkenyl , alkynyl or aromatic group ; and one of the dashed lines represents a carbon - carbon single bond with the other representing a carbon - carbon double bond . | 2 |
a c - shaped innerframe is preformed and then applied to a preformed cigarette bundle as part of a cigarette packing operation . the preformed innerframe first contacts the bundle with the back of the c in contact with the front surface of the bundle , and with the arms of the c adjacent the sides of the bundle and projecting rearwarly behind the rear surface of the bundle . thereafter , the arms of the c are brought in against the side and rear surfaces of the bundle to complete application of the innerframe to the bundle . | 1 |
a container opener providing a plurality of elements for opening various containers is disclosed . the opener is lightweight and has a one - piece construction that typically fits in a user &# 39 ; s hand and pocket . the opener includes a handle portion , a mid - portion for containing a first element for opening containers , a distal end containing a second opening element and a third element placed on one side of the elongated opener . | 1 |
a computed tomography imaging method includes receiving an analog beam intensity signal from a computed tomography scanner and converting the signal into a series of digital representations of the signal at successive points in time using a predetermined sample rate . indications that a portion of the scanner has reached a certain position relative to the beam are received asynchronously with respect to the sample rate . the value of at least one of the digital representations is adjusted in response to the indications to obtain a corrected digital representation of the analog signal . | 7 |
We report on a detailed analysis of the radio emission during the different modes of the pulsar J0826+2637 (B0823+26), observed using the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope at 306-339 MHz observing frequencies. The pulsar profile has a post-cursor and interpulse emission in addition to the main pulse. The single pulses showed the presence of nulling, periodic fluctuation in the emission as well as two prominent modes. In addition the pulsar also showed the presence of a null state where no emission was seen for roughly an hour which was immediately followed by a short duration (∼5 min) bright state termed the Q-bright state. The nulling varied significantly in the two modes, from a few per cent nulls in B mode to more than 90 per cent nulling during the Q mode. Additionally, the pulsar showed the presence of low-level emission in both the interpulse and post-cursor components when the main pulse nulled in B mode. We detected periodic fluctuations in both the main pulse and post-cursor during B mode which were most likely a form of periodic amplitude modulation unrelated to subpulse drifting. We have also detected the appearance of periodicity during the transitions from the null to the burst states in the Q mode, which was longer than the B mode modulations. Our analysis further revealed a significant increase in the main pulse and post-cursor intensity during the transition from the Q mode to the short duration Q-bright mode. On the other hand no commensurate variation was visible in the interpulse intensity. | 9 |
this is the first release of huatuo | 9 |
an apparatus that is convertible between a social expression , such as a wedding invitation , and a decorative item , such as a votive candle holder . as a social expression , the apparatus is a flat , metal sheet which includes information pertaining to a social event that can be placed in an envelope and mailed to a recipient . once the recipient receives the social expressions piece and the information regarding the social event is conveyed , the recipient can convert the social expression into a decorative item by folding along one or more folding lines . by converting the social expression into a decorative item , the apparatus has a greatly extended life . | 1 |
each cylinder is provided with a first intake valve and a second intake valve , and a first intake cam for driving the first intake valve and a second intake cam for driving the second intake valve are coaxially pivotally supported on an intake camshaft . a first cam phase change mechanism which varies respective phases of the first and second intake cams relative to a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is combined with a second cam phase change mechanism which varies a phase of the second intake cam relative to the first intake cam . the second cam phase change mechanism is set to have a variable - phase angular range wider than that of the first cam phase change mechanism . | 5 |
the absorbent article provides a signal viewable from the top surface of the absorbent article which gives a perception of depth within the absorbent article . this creation of depth perception is accomplished by the use of at least two tones within a color and / or by the use of multiple tones and multiple colors operating together to create a perception of depth within the absorbent article . | 0 |
a device for locking a root of a rotor blade in a groove in a rotor disk of a turbomachine including : a circular ring sector configured to be mounted , transversely to the axis of the turbomachine , in a groove in the rotor disk ; at least one locking wedge , which is rigidly secured and perpendicular to the ring sector , and extends parallel to the axis of the ring sector so as to hold the root of the blade radially in the groove ; and at least one locking tooth extending from the ring sector radially with respect to the axis of the ring sector , so as to prevent the root of the blade from moving axially in the groove . | 5 |
an interlock system for use with a cutting assembly of a lawn tractor is disclosed . the interlock system automatically disengages the cutting assembly when the lawn tractor is shifted into a reverse mode and automatically re - engages the cutter assembly when the lawn tractor is subsequently shifted into a non - reverse mode . | 0 |
chlorinated polyethylene resins which are semicrystalline yet of sufficiently low viscosity to be processible on conventional extrusion equipment are provided . the resins may be used in a variety of applications such as membranes , either theromplastic or thermoset , wire and cable jackets and the like . plasticizers and other viscosity - reducing aids need not be used in conjunction with these resins . | 2 |
object of the present invention is to provide a data exchange protocol to enable mobile device based alert systems to deliver traffic related alerts to drivers . the protocol is based on running first order kinematic model for motion of vehicles on both client and server sides . each client only sends to the server minimum samples of the motion that are sufficient enough to keep lateral and longitudinal position errors bounded . position error here is defined as difference between original motion sample and sample derived from transmitted samples on the server . | 8 |
an educational game for teaching children to tell time has a playing board with a racetrack printed thereon . players take turns moving their markers around the race track in accordance with their ability to correctly set the hands of a clock provided on the board to match various times printed on cards drawn from a deck . | 0 |
a method is disclosed for controlling the sheet resistance of copper trenches formed on semiconductor wafers . the method includes forming a plurality of copper - filled trenches on a wafer , measuring the sheet resistance of each of the plurality of copper - filled trenches , and comparing the measured sheet resistance values to a predetermined sheet resistance value . photolithography steps performed on subsequent wafers are adjusted according to a difference between the measured sheet resistance values and the predetermined value . in one embodiment , this adjustment takes the form of adjusting a photolithographic extension exposure energy to thereby adjust the cross - section of the resulting trenches . | 7 |
this invention is directed at a sleep switch volume control wherein the body portion of a clock radio timer knob has conductive and insulative portions which may be formed on two transverse , circumferential sections . the two sections are in abutting , parallel relation to each other . the conductive portions and insulative portions of the two sections are off - set from each other and are selectively electrically connected to an electrical circuit as the knob is rotated . a variation of the sleep switch volume control utilizes two transverse uninsulated sections which are electrically insulated from each other and which are located circumferentially on the body portion of the timer knob . the uninsulated sections are selectively electrically connected to an electrical circuit as the timer knob of the radio rotates . | 7 |
the present invention relates to novel bioabsorbable polymeric compositions based upon ab polyester polyether or related diblocks and triblocks . compositions according to the present invention may be used in medical applications , for example , for reducing or preventing adhesion formation subsequent to medical procedures such as surgery , for producing surgical articles including stents and grafts , as coatings , sealants , lubricants , as transient barriers in the body , for materials which control the release of bioactive agents in the body , for wound and bum dressings and producing biodegradable articles , among numerous others . | 2 |
a thin , membrane - like cylindrical rubber tire curing bladder is provided with reinforcing cords wound in parallel spiral paths at any composite angle to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder . when installed on the centerpost mechanism of a tire curing press and inflated in the curing process , the bladder length increases due to partial and reversible straightening of the spirally wound cord reinforcement . this permits optimum fit of the bladder in the tire being cured with uniform controlled growth of the membrane . longer service life of the bladder is thereby achieved . the bladder is a good heat conductor inherent to its thin matrix , unlike previously known curing bladders . | 1 |
a lockable safety switch mechanism having a lockable switch mechanism that cooperates in an offset or skewed manner with an electrical switch . the lockable switch mechanism includes a switch plunger that is displaceable along a predetermined axis between a first position and a second position . a contour is formed along the switch plunger and cooperates with one or more locking mechanisms . a fork cooperates with the locking mechanism so as to selectively interfere with free movement of the switch plunger depending on the interaction between the contour and the locking mechanism . a link extends from one of the locking mechanism and the fork and interacts with a plunger of an electrical switch contact carrier so that an axis of movement of the switch plunger can be offset or skewed relative to an axis of movement of the electrical switch plunger . | 7 |
the present invention is a methodology to prioritize packets based on the conditional probability that given the values of attributes carried by packet , the packet is a legitimate one . we will call this the conditional legitimate probability of a packet from here onward . the conditional probability of each packet is evaluated based on bayesian estimation technique . this is accomplished by comparing the attributes carried by an incoming packet against the “ nominal ” distribution of attributes of legitimate packet stream . since an exact prioritization of packets based on their conditional legitimate probability would require offline , multiple - pass operations , e . g . sorting , we take the following alternative approach to realize an online , one - pass selectively dropping scheme . in particular , we maintain the cumulative distribution function of the conditional legitimate probability of all incoming packets and apply a threshold - based selective dropping mechanism according to the conditional probability value computed for each incoming packet . to speed - up the computation of the conditional legitimate probability for each incoming packet , we may , as an alternative , use the logarithmic version of the equation to implement the bayesian estimation process . other features of the invention include : providing means to guarantee minimum throughput of particular type of packets ; providing a . filtering mechanism to suppress the noise during estimation / maintenance of nominal attributes distribution ; applying state - of - the - art efficient algorithm / data - structures for quantile and histogram building / updates ; using the proven , industrial - strength load - shedding algorithms as a submodule in the overload control algorithm ; and being amenable to practical implementation to support online , one - pass processing on high - speed communication links . | 7 |
a system and method for remotely determining a liquid level condition within a tank includes a liquid level gauge connectable to the tank , a dial assembly associated with the liquid level gauge and an optical transceiver for determining a reflectivity of the dial assembly . the dial assembly includes a reflective layer , a blocking layer positioned over the reflective layer for blocking at least a portion of the reflective layer , and a disk that is magnetically coupled to the liquid level gauge . one of the reflective and blocking layers is associated with the disk for rotation therewith . the optical transceiver is positioned for projecting radiant energy toward the reflective layer and detecting the presence or absence of reflected radiant energy and for generating a signal indicative of a low liquid level condition within the tank when at least a substantial portion of the reflective layer is covered by the blocking layer or when a failure occurs in the system to thereby provide a fail - safe mode of operation . | 6 |
the invention provides surface elements such as tiles or panels consisting of a thin lamina of natural stone bonded to a backing consisting of a multicellular paper core material of substantially greater thickness than said lamina which at least on the side remote from the stone lamina has a skin of tenacious sheet material bonded thereto . the resultant composite element is extremely rigid , light and cheap to produce in comparison with solid stone and may be cut into any desired shape and used as a substitute for solid stone , but with the advantages of lightness , strength and low cost thus enabling such surface elements to be used for many purposes where the use of solid stone would be economically or practicably prohibitive . | 8 |
a jumper that has a housing and is used for bridging two modular electric terminals which are arranged next to one another and are each equipped with a busbar . at least one opening is formed in the busbars . in order to be able to easily actuate the jumper according to the invention and flexibly and easily insert the same into multiple modular terminals , two mutually insulated contact elements are arranged in the housing so as to engage into an opening in a respective busbar , and a jumper rail is movably retained in the housing . the jumper rail , which has two contact zones and a connection zone that connects the contact zones , can be moved from a first final position in which the contact zones do not contact the contact elements into a second final position in which the contact elements are interconnected in an electrically conducting manner via the jumper rail . | 7 |
In this era of large-scale spectroscopic stellar surveys, measurements of stellar attributes (“labels,” I.e., parameters and abundances) must be made precise and consistent across surveys. Here, we demonstrate that this can be achieved by a data-driven approach to spectral modeling. With The Cannon, we transfer information from the APOGEE survey to determine precise {T}<SUB>{eff</SUB>}, {log} {\text{}}g, [{Fe}/{{H}}], and [α /{{M}}] from the spectra of 450,000 LAMOST giants. The Cannon fits a predictive model for LAMOST spectra using 9952 stars observed in common between the two surveys, taking five labels from APOGEE DR12 as ground truth {T}<SUB>{eff</SUB>}, {log} {\text{}}g, [{Fe}/{{H}}], [α /{{M}}], and K-band extinction {A}<SUB>{{k</SUB>}}. The model is then used to infer {T}<SUB>{eff</SUB>}, {log} {\text{}}g, [{Fe}/{{H}}], and [α /{{M}}] for 454,180 giants, 20% of the LAMOST DR2 stellar sample. These are the first [α /{{M}}] values for the full set of LAMOST giants, and the largest catalog of [α /{{M}}] for giant stars to date. Furthermore, these labels are by construction on the APOGEE label scale; for spectra with S/N > 50, cross-validation of the model yields typical uncertainties of 70 K in {T}<SUB>{eff</SUB>}, 0.1 in {log} {\text{}}g, 0.1 in [{Fe}/{{H}}], and 0.04 in [α /{{M}}], values comparable to the broadly stated, conservative APOGEE DR12 uncertainties. Thus, by using “label transfer” to tie low-resolution (LAMOST R ≈ 1800) spectra to the label scale of a much higher-resolution (APOGEE R ≈ 22,500) survey, we substantially reduce the inconsistencies between labels measured by the individual survey pipelines. This demonstrates that label transfer with The Cannon can successfully bring different surveys onto the same physical scale. | 9 |
a scented trail apparatus for applying a scent trail across selected terrain and luring animals along the scent trail to a blind or observation area , which apparatus includes a scent canister secured at one end of the trail and containing an animal scent lure ; a reel apparatus located at the other end of the trail ; a scent carrier for insertion in the scent canister and receiving a quantity of the animal lure scent in the scent canister ; and a line connecting the reel and the scent carrier . a cap typically encloses the scent carrier and a segment of the line inside the scent canister and the scent carrier is caused to traverse the trail by operation of the reel to apply a residue of animal lure scent along the scent trail . a line depressor may be used to depress the line and the scent carrier on or close to the ground while the scent carrier and line are manually pulled from the reel to the scent canister . | 0 |
the invention relates to a method for allocating a unique id to a node in a network making a request to that effect , wherein the requesting node generates an id and sends an id request comprising the id over the network , wherein each node in the network that already possesses said generated id will send an id ban comprising the generated id over the network in response to detection of said id request . the invention furthermore relates to a method for communication between objects in a network , in particular sensors , actuators and / or control objects . the invention furthermore relates to a method for controlling objects in a network , in particular sensors , actuators and / or control objects , wherein a controlling object sends a message comprising data on its characteristic variables over the network via data output means without being requested to do so . | 6 |
a portable electronic device for displaying daily schedule information of a particular event and selectively displaying past and future schedule information which includes a display controlled by a processor having an internal programmable memory . the schedule information includes the location of the event , the start time , and the corresponding time zone . the memory contains data representing the event &# 39 ; s schedule and a program for controlling the processor . the display provides actual time and date information and schedule information corresponding to the displayed calendar day . by manipulating a plurality of externally mounted push - button switches , the user commands the processor to update the display with schedule information corresponding to past and future days . a programmable alarm provides an audible reminder when a scheduled event begins . | 6 |
a system and method for in - line inspection of specimens such as semiconductor wafers is provided . the system provides scanning of sections of specimens having predetermined standardized characteristics using a diffraction grating that widens and passes nth order wave fronts to the specimen surface and a reflective surface for the transmitted light beam . light energy is transmitted in a narrow swath across the portion of the surface having the standardized features . the wavefronts are combined using a second diffraction grating and passed to a camera system having a desired aspect ratio . | 6 |
The ∼2 Myr old classical T Tauri star CI Tau shows periodic variability in its radial velocity (RV) variations measured at infrared (IR) and optical wavelengths. We find that these observations are consistent with a massive planet in a ∼9 day period orbit. These results are based on 71 IR RV measurements of this system obtained over five years, and on 26 optical RV measurements obtained over nine years. CI Tau was also observed photometrically in the optical on 34 nights over ∼one month in 2012. The optical RV data alone are inadequate to identify an orbital period, likely the result of star spot and activity-induced noise for this relatively small data set. The infrared RV measurements reveal significant periodicity at ∼9 days. In addition, the full set of optical and IR RV measurements taken together phase coherently and with equal amplitudes to the ∼9 day period. Periodic RV signals can in principle be produced by cool spots, hotspots, and reflection of the stellar spectrum off the inner disk, in addition to resulting from a planetary companion. We have considered each of these and find the planet hypothesis most consistent with the data. The RV amplitude yields an M\sin I of ∼8.1 M <SUB>Jup</SUB>; in conjunction with a 1.3 mm continuum emission measurement of the circumstellar disk inclination from the literature, we find a planet mass of ∼11.3 M <SUB>Jup</SUB>, assuming alignment of the planetary orbit with the disk. <P />This paper includes data taken at The McDonald Observatory of The University of Texas at Austin. | 9 |
a system for measuring the wheel base of an automobile frame and the transverse and longitudinal offsets of its steered wheels which comprises a first device and a second device to be applied by known means to two automobile frame wheels positioned on the same side , said first device comprising two light emitting diodes located a known distance apart , measured in the horizontal plane , and said second device comprising optical angle measurement means arranged to measure the angle subtended between the light rays emitted by said light emitting diodes . | 6 |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.