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a method and apparatus for detecting a target or targets in a surrounding background locale based on target signatures obtained by a hyperspectral imaging sensor used the hyperspectral imaging sensor to collect raw target signature data and background locale data during a first data collection mission . the data is processed to generate a database including a plurality of target signatures and background data relating to the background locale . the hyperspectral imaging sensor is later used to collect further background data during a further , current data collecting mission so as to provide continuously updated background data , in real time . a covariance equalization algorithm is implemented with respect to the background data contained in the database and the updated background data collected during the current mission to effect transformation of each target signature of the database into a transformed target signature . a detection algorithm which employs the resultant transformed target signature is used to produce detection information related to the target or targets . | 6 |
an ozone generator injects and entrains ozone enriched air into water to be used by a dentist or technician during a dental procedure . the ozone entrained in the water will eliminate the motility and viability of any microbes and pathogens present in the water or in biofilm present in the water lines or channels conveying water to a patient &# 39 ; s oral cavity . the ozone generator may be used in combination with water from a municipal water source or from bottled water . alternatively , the ozone generator may be incorporated within a bottle supplying distilled or otherwise puritied water . | 2 |
an electrographic printing apparatus comprises a photoconductive member surrounded by a charging unit , an optical print head , a developing unit , a transfer unit , a cleaning unit , and an erasing unit arranged in sequence about the photoconductive member . paper travels along a planar path across the top of the photoconductive member and the developed image is transferred to the underside of the paper . in a preferred embodiment , the photoconductive member comprises a vertically mounted photoconductive belt . by providing a separate and independent cleaning unit , the electrographic printing apparatus is capable of producing one sheet of copy material per revolution of the belt . | 6 |
a spectrum manipulation device and method for increasing an energy conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic cell arrangement , the device including : a black body adapted to absorb an input electromagnetic energy having an input energy flux spectrum , and to emit a first output electromagnetic energy having a different , output energy flux spectrum ; a transparent cover , adapted to thermally insulate the black body from an ambient environment , and to receive light and direct the light towards the black body ; an optical device , facing the black body , and adapted to : receive the first output energy and emit a second output electromagnetic energy having a narrow , modified energy flux spectrum , with respect to the output energy flux spectrum , and recycle some of the first output electromagnetic energy to the black body ; a photovoltaic cell having a photon absorption surface , disposed to be in optical communication with the optical device , and a housing containing the black body and the optical device , and adapted to thermally insulate the black body and to fix a position of the black body with respect to the optical device , the optical device further adapted to direct the second output energy towards the photon absorption surface . | 6 |
polyurethane foam materials are produced and used in batt form , and therefore are substitutes for insulation batts previously made of fibreglass insulation the polyurethane batts are preferably made of a flexible , and compressible foam material , such that the batts can be compressed and placed within a shipping container , and so that the compressed batt will form a friction fit in an opening , when in use an alternative insulation material and format are provided . | 2 |
a method of removably securing a gas regulating sleeve and a gas line to a rifle by : fluidly coupling a gas block to a bore of a barrel of the rifle ; removably locating and securing the gas regulating sleeve in the gas block , the gas line being in fluid communication with the bore via the gas regulating sleeve , and wherein a portion of the gas line is received within an impingement cylinder of a bolt assembly of the rifle when it is in a first position , and wherein the impingement cylinder moves away from the gas line as it moves from the first position to a second position due to gases from the gas block ; and wherein the gas regulating sleeve and the gas line are removable from the gas block without disconnecting the barrel from the receiver and without removal of the gas block from the barrel . | 5 |
in accordance with a write address successively updated in synchronism with a dot clock , color display data is written into a memory . the memory includes three memory corresponding to three primary colors and having identical addresses thereto assigned . for the purpose of color display , the written display data is read out three times consecutively during one write clock interval . a read address generator for supplying a read address successively changed to the memory is reset when addresses have been generated up to the number of horizontal display dots . the resetting is performed when the number of horizontal display dots detected from the dot clock and a display timing signal has coincided with a read address signal outputted from the read address generator . since the reset timing of the read address generator changes according to the number of horizontal display dots detected by horizontal display dot number detector , it is possible to cope with a change of the personal computer supplying input data without changing the circuit . | 6 |
a medical bag composed of a laminate comprising an inner low - density polyethylene layer , an intermediate layer of ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer , ethylene - propylene type elastomer , or ethylene - butene - 1 type elasomer , and an outer low - density polyethylene layer . this bag has excellent sanitariness , flexibility , transparency , and heat - resistance , therefore , is suitable for use as a container of blood and various medicinal liquids . | 1 |
a frame of a water jet propulsion unit arranged to be installed and sealed into an installation opening of a boat . the water - jet propulsion unit includes an impeller and the boat has a counter - sealing surface to which the frame is attached . the frame includes a flow channel to guide water to the impeller . the flow channel has a top with a maintenance opening . the maintenance opening is positioned to permit servicing the impeller . a first sealing surface forms a first closed loop to attach the water - jet propulsion unit tightly to the counter - sealing surface of the boat . a second sealing surface forms a second closed loop arranged to attach the water - jet propulsion unit to the boat . the first and second closed loops permit the maintenance opening of the frame to be alternatively locatable respectively outside or inside the stern of the boat in dependence on alternative configurations of the installation opening of the boat . | 1 |
We report the discovery of a detached double white dwarf binary with an orbital period of β20.6 minutes, PTF J053332.05+020911.6. The visible object in this binary, PTF J0533+0209B, is a β0.17 M <SUB>β</SUB> mass white dwarf with a helium-dominated atmosphere containing traces of hydrogen. This object exhibits ellipsoidal variations due to tidal deformation, and is the visible component in a single-lined spectroscopic binary with a velocity semi-amplitude of K <SUB> B </SUB> = 618.7 Β± 6.9 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. We have detected significant orbital decay due to the emission of gravitational radiation, and we expect that the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect this system with a signal to noise of {8.4}<SUB>-3.0</SUB><SUP>+4.2</SUP> after four years of operation. Because this system already has a well-determined orbital period, radial velocity semi-amplitude, temperature, atmospheric composition, surface gravity, and orbital decay rate, a LISA signal will help fully constrain the properties of this system by providing a direct measurement of its inclination. Thus, this binary demonstrates the synergy between electromagnetic and gravitational radiation for constraining the physical properties of an astrophysical object. | 9 |
a microscope includes a revolver on which are mounted at least three objective lenses having different magnifications , a driving device for revolving the revolver to switch the objective lens disposed in an optical path of the microscope , an operating device capable of giving a plurality of drive commands for disposing a desired objective lens in the optical path of the microscope to the driving device and an invalidating element for invalidating a specified drive command among the drive commands . the specified drive command serves to switch the objective lens disposed in the optical path of the microscope from a first objective lens having a minimum magnification to a second objective lens having a maximum magnification among the objective lenses . | 6 |
the disclosure embraces a connecting tee for use with a contained air supply to enable two or more individuals to draw air from the supply and includes a chamber having one passage connected to a source of air , a first passageway with a one - way check valve for supplying air to a first user and a second passageway which is provided with a pair of one way check valves ; the first valve of the second passage permits air flow out of the connector from the source but prevents inflow of external air ; the second check valve of the second passageway is normally in a closed position but is manually opened where a second user must establish communication with the source of air carried by the first user . | 0 |
Atomic hydrogen (HI) serves a crucial role in connecting galactic-scale properties such as star formation with the large-scale structure of the Universe. While recent numerical simulations have successfully matched the observed covering fraction of HI near Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) and in the foreground of luminous quasars at redshifts $z \lesssim 3$, the low-mass end remains as-of-yet unexplored in observational and computational surveys. We employ a cosmological, hydrodynamical simulation (FIREbox) supplemented with zoom-in simulations (MassiveFIRE) from the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) project to investigate the HI covering fraction of Lyman Limit Systems ($N_{\mathrm{HI}} \gtrsim 10^{17.2}$ cm$^{-2}$) across a wide range of redshifts ($z=0-6$) and halo masses ($10^8-10^{13} M_{\odot}$ at $z=0$, $10^8-10^{11} M_{\odot}$ at $z=6$) in the absence of feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN). We find that the covering fraction inside haloes exhibits a strong increase with redshift, with only a weak dependence on halo mass for higher-mass haloes. For massive haloes ($M_{\mathrm{vir}} \sim 10^{11}-10^{12} M_{\odot}$), the radial profiles showcase scale-invariance and remain independent of mass. The radial dependence is well-captured by a fitting function. The covering fractions in our simulations are in good agreement with measurements of the covering fraction in LBGs. Our comprehensive analysis unveils a complex dependence with redshift and halo mass for haloes with $M_{\mathrm{vir}} \lesssim 10^{10} M_{\odot}$ that future observations aim to constrain, providing key insights into the physics of structure formation and gas assembly. | 9 |
disclosed is a computer data interface for connecting a hand - held computer and a desktop computer . the computer data interface includes a cable having connectors at each end . a voltage conversion circuit is mounted adjacent to one of the connectors . the voltage conversion circuit receives data signals from the hand - held computer and transmits the signals to the desktop computer at voltage levels compatible with the desktop computer , similarly , the voltage conversion circuit receives signals from the desktop computer and transmits the signals to the hand - held computer at voltage levels compatible with the hand - held computer . | 6 |
Asteroseismology gives us the opportunity to look inside stars and determine their internal properties. Based on these observations, estimations can be made for the amount of the convective boundary mixing and envelope mixing of such stars, and the shape of the mixing profile in the envelope. However, these results are not typically included in stellar evolution models. We aim to investigate the impact of varying convective boundary mixing and envelope mixing in a range based on asteroseismic modelling in stellar models, both for the stellar structure and for the nucleosynthetic yields. In this first study, we focus on the pre-explosive evolution of a 20Msun star and evolve the models to the final phases of carbon burning. We vary the convective boundary mixing, implemented as step-overshoot, with the overshoot parameter in the range 0.05-0.4 and the amount of envelope mixing in the range 1-10$^{6}$ with a mixing profile based on internal gravity waves. We use a large nuclear network of 212 isotopes to study the nucleosynthesis. We find that enhanced mixing according to asteroseismology of main-sequence stars, both at the convective core boundary and in the envelope, has significant effects on the nucleosynthetic wind yields. Our evolutionary models beyond the main sequence diverge in yields from models based on rotational mixing, having longer helium burning lifetimes and lighter helium-depleted cores. We find that the asteroseismic ranges of internal mixing calibrated from core hydrogen burning stars lead to similar wind yields as those resulting from the theory of rotational mixing. Adopting the seismic mixing levels beyond the main sequence, we find earlier transitions to radiative carbon burning compared to models based on rotational mixing. This influences the compactness and the occurrence of shell-mergers, which may affect the supernova properties and explosive nucleosynthesis. | 9 |
compounds having the structure ## equ1 ## and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof , wherein r 1 and r 2 are the same or different and are selected from alkyl , cycloalkyl , aryl and arylalkyl ; r 3 is hydrogen , halogen , trifluoromethyl , alkoxy , aryloxy , or dialkylamidosulfonyl ; r 4 is hydrogen , halogen , alkyl , alkoxy or aryl ; and n is 1 or 2 , are useful central nervous system stimulants . | 2 |
an instrument for removing a crown by generating a couple of forces between the occlusal surface of the stump of the tooth and the basal surface of the crown . the instrument has an indented intermediate portion and a working part extending from a tapered intermediate portion and a handle . when inserted in a groove formed at the occlusal part of the stump along a plane substantially parallel to the occlusal surface of the crown , the working portion enables , by a physical action , exertion of a couple of forces between the respective occlusal surfaces of the stump and the basal surface of the crown . the working part is rotatable integrally and correspondingly with a rotation of the handle . | 0 |
the invention relates to a phase and sedimentation - stable , plastically deformable preparation with intrinsic pore formation that can be used for instance for filling bone defects and for augmentation , and also relates to a method for producing and using same . the object of the invention , to provide a phase and sedimentation - stable , plastically deformable implant material with intrinsic pore formation , that is not complex to create , and that can be inserted into a bone defect by injection or alternatively can be applied to / fitted in a bone defect as a kneadable mass , is attained in that a plastically deformable preparation for bone construction / replacement based on ceramic suspensions includes a particulate , porous component that is not easily soluble in water and at least one liquid , wax - like , or gel component that is dissolved in water or alcohol , the component that is not easily soluble in water being 60 - 98 % by weight and the component dissolved in water or alcohol being 1 - 30 % by weight , the particles of the particulate component having a diameter in a size range that is essentially greater than a phagocytabler particle and smaller than the passage diameter of standard injection cannulas and the portion of the component soluble in water or alcohol being 0 . 1 - 3 % by weight . | 0 |
clock correlation can be achieved , for example , utilizing the rtp stream between a sender and receiver by determining a baseline at the start of , for example , a communication . this baseline is derived as a point in time from an arriving packet and represents a point from which subsequent packets deviate . using this baseline , an early packet or a late packet can be detected . an early packet pushes the baseline down to that earlier point , while late arriving packets , if they are arriving late for a continuous period of time , represents a shift in the opposite direction from the baseline , resulting in a baseline moving to the β earliest β packet out of the sequence of the late arriving packets . | 7 |
a transmission system includes : a first transmission device configured to transmit an input signal to a second transmission device via a transmission section , the first transmission device preforms operations of : saving overhead information included in a first frame of the input signal from a region in use to an unused region of the first frame , the overhead information corresponding to an object of termination in the transmission section ; and transmitting , to the transmission section , a first signal including a second frame in which the overhead information is saved . | 7 |
Semianalytic models (SAMs) are a promising means of tracking the physical processes associated with galaxy formation, but many of their approximations have not been rigorously tested. As part of the Simulating Multiscale Astrophysics to Understand Galaxies project, we compare predictions from the FIRE-2 hydrodynamical "zoom-in" simulations to those from the Santa Cruz SAM run on the same halo merger trees, with an emphasis on the global mass flow cycle. Our study includes 13 halos spanning low-mass dwarfs (M<SUB>vir</SUB> βΌ 10<SUP>10</SUP>M<SUB>β</SUB> at z = 0), intermediate-mass dwarfs (M<SUB>vir</SUB> βΌ 10<SUP>11</SUP>M<SUB>β</SUB>), and Milky Way-mass galaxies (M<SUB>vir</SUB> βΌ 10<SUP>12</SUP>M<SUB>β</SUB>). The SAM and FIRE-2 predictions agree relatively well with each other in terms of stellar and interstellar medium mass but differ dramatically on circumgalactic medium mass (the SAM is lower than FIRE-2 by βΌ3 orders of magnitude for dwarfs). Strikingly, the SAM predicts higher gas accretion rates for dwarfs compared to FIRE-2 by factors of βΌ10-100, and this is compensated for with higher mass outflow rates in the SAM. We argue that the most severe model discrepancies are caused by the lack of preventative stellar feedback and the assumptions for halo gas cooling and recycling in the SAM. As a first step toward resolving these model tensions, we present a simple yet promising new preventative stellar feedback model in which the energy carried by supernova-driven winds is allowed to heat some fraction of gas outside of halos to at least the virial temperature such that accretion is suppressed. | 9 |
an electro - optical modulator has a monomode light waveguide modulator for which a pressure - sensitive signal generator is provided as a signal source for the purpose of modulating a light power signal supplied to the monomode light waveguide modulator over an input light waveguide , the electrical output of the signal generator being either directly or indirectly connected to an electrical input of the monomode light waveguide modulator . the arrangement serves for the transmission of signals representing pressure values , for example , acoustic pressure values , over an optical transmission system , and inasmuch as the electrical signals are generated by the pressure - sensitive signal generator , no external supply devices whatsoever are required at the modulator for the electrical energy . | 6 |
a shelter that includes a slider and a strut mechanism mounted on support posts of the shelter that automatically actuate and extend from the side of the support posts when the shelter is expanded from its collapsed state . the strut mechanism provides support for an eave that extends outside from all or a portion of the perimeter of the shelter defined by the corners of the support posts . an automatic hard - stop mechanism is incorporated into the support posts that prevent the eave sliders and strut mechanisms from becoming over - extended . the support posts are configured and oriented relative to the other components of the shelter frame and shelter boundary so to minimize the footprint or size of the shelter when in the collapsed state . | 4 |
the disclosure is directed to an apparatus and method for determining the content and distribution of a thermal neutron absorbing material within an object . neutrons having an energy higher than thermal neutrons are generated and thermalized . the thermal neutrons are detected and counted . the object is placed between the neutron generator and the neutron detector . the reduction in the neutron flux corresponds to the amount of thermal neutron absorbing material in the object . the object is advanced past the neutron generator and neutron detector to obtain neutron flux data for each segment of the object . the object may comprise a space reactor heat pipe and the thermal neutron absorbing material may comprise lithium . | 6 |
a device and method for loading components into holders used in cartridge case reloading machinery is disclosed . the loading device includes a tray that receives and orients reloading components such as primers . the tray includes a strip receptacle which receives and positions a component holder while components are oriented by the tray and moved into position into receptacles in the component holder . the components are forced into the component holder by manual pressure , a roller , or a lever actuated bar . after the components are pressed into the component holder , the holder may be removed from the loading device and used in reloading machinery . | 8 |
a memory cell container of a dram semiconductor memory device and method for manufacturing the cell container are disclosed . the cell includes a container formed in a structural layer such as borophosphosilicate glass . the container is then lined with a polysilicon such as hemispherical grained polysilicon . a dielectric layer is deposited over the polysilicon layer . a barrier layer is deposited over the dielectric layer such that the opening of the container is covered but not the sidewalls or the bottom of the container . the cell is then oxidized and the barrier layer provides protection as an oxygen barrier during the oxidation or any following re - oxidation process . | 7 |
this invention is suitable for directly driving from an alternating current line voltage source an array of led lamps with a minimal amount of ancillary circuitry . most of the required circuitry is situated within an integrated circuit , which includes a full wave rectifier , transient protection , a current control transistor , a feedback control loop , and overheating protection . the integrated circuit powers a transistor circuit structured as a constant current source to energize individual groupings of leds , as well as larger configurations of leds . the invention is useful for various lighting arrangements such as luminaires , bollards , strip lights , task lights , lighting tubes , and other types of applications that use a multitude of leds powered directly by ac line voltage without the requirement of a direct current power supply . this invention may further be used with an external phase switching dimmer apparatus . | 7 |
this toilet unclogging tool has a handle attached at the proximal end of , a shaft , either straight or bent , and a bullet shaped head portion , attached at the distal end of the shaft , which head is made of a semi - rigid material such as closed cell polyethylene foam . the head has a series of grooves , usually four of a v - shape , along the length thereof to permit fluid to pass there through when one attempts to push a blockage forward over the trap of a toilet . a rigid cap having a flat face is disposed into the forward end of the head to enhance the ability of the device to push a clog without deforming the head . | 4 |
a sealing sleeve for a gate valve is disclosed which is designed to respond to movements of the gate of the valve in a particular manner . the seal undergoes an axial compressive type movement as the gate is moved between opposed sealing sleeves and this causes a predetermined radially inward buckling of an intermediate wall section of the sealing sleeve . this predetermined buckling creates a spring bias in the sleeve , urging the sleeve to return to the original , less stressed condition . preferably , the sleeve is of a composite structure and a particular component of the intermediate wall section creates this spring bias . this structure has improved operating characteristics and accommodates a wider range of resilient materials to be used for the sealing sleeve . | 5 |
the invention is based on a method for detecting slip in the driving of generator or starter - generator systems . the alternators of these systems are equipped with electronic control components such as pulse - width - modulated inverters or rectifier bridges . the drive torque of the alternator is transferred to this by means of a belt drive of an internal combustion engine . when slip is detected in a comparison step , to which speed - dependent input variables are forwarded , the maximum transferrable drive torque is determined in a torque limiting step , and a closed - loop control adjusts the generator output power to said maximum transferrable drive torque . | 5 |
apparatus for testing the performance of electrical machines by producing a direct digital readout and display of per unit rotor slip in electrical motors from no load condition through loads in excess of maximum rated load . the apparatus includes speed sensing means for detecting the rotor speed of the motor under test and means for producing a voltage output that is proportional to the rotor speed . a reference voltage is developed by sensing the frequency of the input voltage to the motor under test . the difference between these two signals , representing the actual rotor speed and the synchronous rotor speed , is divided by the reference voltage to produce the per unit slip of the motor under test . | 6 |
a mechanism and a method for framing a low - distortion flexible dielectric substrate during subsequent flex circuit processing . the processing method comprising the following steps : making a flexible dielectric substrate having an outer periphery ; joining a continuous portion of the flexible dielectric substrate near the outer periphery to a rigid open frame , the flexible dielectric substrate being in a state other than a state of substantially uniform tension as a result of the joinder ; causing the joined flexible dielectric substrate to undergo a change to the state of substantially uniform tension ; and printing an electrical conductor on the flexible dielectric substrate while the flexible dielectric substrate is joined to the frame and in the state of substantially uniform tension . the frame is in the shape of a polygon with rounded vertices . | 8 |
Current and future cosmological surveys are targeting star-forming galaxies at z βΌ 1 with nebular emission lines. We use a state-of-the-art semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and evolution to explore the large-scale environment of star-forming emission line galaxies (ELGs). Model ELGs are selected such that they can be compared directly with the DEEP2, VVDS, eBOSS-SGC, and DESI surveys. The large-scale environment of the ELGs is classified using velocity-shear-tensor and tidal-tensor algorithms. Half of the model ELGs live in filaments and about a third in sheets. Model ELGs that reside in knots have the largest satellite fractions. We find that the shape of the mean halo occupation distribution of model ELGs varies widely for different large-scale environments. To interpret our results, we also study fixed number density samples of ELGs and galaxies selected using simpler criteria, with single cuts in stellar mass, star formation rate, and [O II] luminosity. The fixed number density ELG selection produces samples that are close to L[O II] and SFR-selected samples for densities above 10<SUP>-4.2</SUP> h<SUP>3</SUP> Mpc<SUP>-3</SUP>. ELGs with an extra cut in stellar mass applied to fix their number density, present differences in sheets and knots with respect to the other samples. ELGs, SFR, and L[O II] selected samples with equal number density have similar large-scale bias but their clustering below separations of 1h<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpc is different. | 9 |
a method for producing a planetary screw drive and a kit for carrying out the method , in which a number of basic planetary roller sets composed of mutually dissimilar basic planetary rollers having different groove profiles are formed ; wherein all planetary rollers belonging to a planetary roller set for lead screws with a same number of threads are taken from one particular basic planetary roller set ; and wherein for each number of threads for a lead screw there is one particular basic planetary roller set , the basic planetary rollers of which are different from the basic planetary rollers of another particular basic planetary roller set . | 5 |
a microfluidic device includes at least two layers arranged one above the other , a membrane which is arranged between the at least two layers , a cavity in one of the at least two layers , and a channel in the other of the at least two layers . the membrane is arranged so as to be expandable between the cavity and the channel . the membrane is expandable into at least one specified displacement volume . | 5 |
generator for producing aerosols from liquids including an atomizer mounted in a vessel which is provided with an aerosol outlet . the outlet of the vessel is connected to an ejector operated by a gaseous driving agent . the atomizer is assembled from a plurality of vertically spaced rings with annular liquid outlets , a supply of compressed gas is discharged across the outlets causing the liquid to be drawn upwardly through the outlets . | 5 |
an electrostatic phase change generating apparatus is described . the apparatus causes a change of state to occur in an input gas , for example , ambient air . the electrostatic phase change generating apparatus removes moisture from air , and may be used to generate water from air , dehumidify air , cool air , and the like . the ability to generate water from air has global importance as the need for clean water increases each year . the electrostatic phase change generating apparatus uses high voltage but low current allowing for very energy efficient operations . the electrostatic phase change generating apparatus uses a phase change vessel containing a liquid , a bubbler immersed in the liquid for conveying a gas , and a high voltage source to bias the liquid with respect to an upper electrode . | 1 |
In this work, we present the results of a spectroscopic study of very massive stars (VMSs) found outside the center of the massive stellar cluster NGC 3603. From the analysis of the associated Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) Telescope spectroscopic data and related optical-near-IR (NIR) photometry, we confirm the existence of several VMSs in the periphery of NGC 3603. The first group of objects (MTT58, WR42e, and RF7) is composed of three new Galactic exemplars of the OIf*/WN type, all of them with probable initial masses well above 100 {M}<SUB>β </SUB> and estimated ages of about 1 Myr. Based on our Goodman blue-optical spectrum of another source in our sample (MTT68), we can confirm the previous finding in the NIR of the only other Galactic exemplar (besides HD 93129A) of the O2If* type known to date. Based on its position relative to a set of theoretical isochrones in a Hertzprung-Russel (H-R) diagram, we concluded that the new O2If* star could be one of the most massive (150 {M}<SUB>β </SUB>) and luminous (M <SUB> V </SUB> = -7.3) O-stars in the Galaxy. Also, another remarkable result is the discovery of a new O2v star (MTT31), which is the first exemplar of that class so far identified in the Milk Way. From its position in the H-R diagram it is found that this new star probably had an initial mass of 80 {M}<SUB>β </SUB>, as well as an absolute magnitude of M <SUB> V </SUB> = -6.0, corresponding to a luminosity similar to other known O2v stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Finally, we also communicate the discovery of a new Galactic O3.5If* star (RFS8) that is quite an intriguing case. Indeed, it is located far to the south of the NGC 3603 center, in apparent isolation at a large radial projected linear distance of βΌ62 pc. Its derived luminosity is similar to that of the other O3.5If* (Sh18) found in NGC 3603's innermost region, and the fact that a such high mass star is observed so isolated in the field led us to speculate that perhaps it could have been expelled from the innermost parts of the complex by a close fly-by dynamical encounter with a very massive hard binary system. | 9 |
high - throughput screening of large compound libraries is the method of drug - lead discovery . it is now well accepted that for a functional assay , quality is more important than quantity . a biochemical nmr method originally proposed by percival and withers is extended to the screening of ser / thr kinases . the method requires the presence of a cf 3 moiety on the substrate and utilizes 19 f nmr spectroscopy for the detection of the starting and enzymatically modified substrates . experiments can be performed in real time or in an endpoint assay format using protein and substrate concentrations comparable to the ones used by other hts techniques . application of this technique to the phosphorylation of a substrate by the protein ser / thr kinase akt1 is presented . | 2 |
The DESI Legacy Survey is a digital sky survey with a large footprint compared to other Earth-based surveys, covering both the Northern and Southern hemispheres. This paper shows the distribution of the spin directions of spiral galaxies imaged by DESI Legacy Survey. A | 9 |
We present an overview of a 90 orbit Hubble Space Telescope treasury program to obtain near-ultraviolet imaging of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field using the Wide Field Camera 3 UVIS detector with the F225W, F275W, and F336W filters. This survey is designed to: (1) investigate the episode of peak star formation activity in galaxies at 1 < z < 2.5; (2) probe the evolution of massive galaxies by resolving sub-galactic units (clumps); (3) examine the escape fraction of ionizing radiation from galaxies at z ~ 2-3; (4) greatly improve the reliability of photometric redshift estimates; and (5) measure the star formation rate efficiency of neutral atomic-dominated hydrogen gas at z ~ 1-3. In this overview paper, we describe the survey details and data reduction challenges, including both the necessity of specialized calibrations and the effects of charge transfer inefficiency. We provide a stark demonstration of the effects of charge transfer inefficiency on resultant data products, which when uncorrected, result in uncertain photometry, elongation of morphology in the readout direction, and loss of faint sources far from the readout. We agree with the STScI recommendation that future UVIS observations that require very sensitive measurements use the instrument's capability to add background light through a "post-flash." Preliminary results on number counts of UV-selected galaxies and morphology of galaxies at z ~ 1 are presented. We find that the number density of UV dropouts at redshifts 1.7, 2.1, and 2.7 is largely consistent with the number predicted by published luminosity functions. We also confirm that the image mosaics have sufficient sensitivity and resolution to support the analysis of the evolution of star-forming clumps, reaching 28-29th magnitude depth at 5Ο in a 0.''2 radius aperture depending on filter and observing epoch. <P />Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are #12534. | 9 |
methods of securing a cryptographic device against implementation attacks , are described . a disclosed method comprises the steps of obtaining a key from memory of the cryptographic device ; providing the key and a constant input to an encryption module ; deriving an output of encrypted data bits using the encryption module ; providing the output , the key and an input vector to a key update module ; and using said key update module to modify the key based on at least a part of the input vector to derive an updated key . this prevents the value of the key from being derived using the updated key or by using side - channel attacks because the input is constant for all keys . additionally , by altering the input vector , the updated key is also altered . | 7 |
a stereoscopic display device in accordance with the present invention utilizes a display screen for displaying images for right and left eyes . the display device comprises : a drawing circuit which generates image data for the right and left eyes according to view point data including view point position and light of sight directions , and object data to be displayed ; and image processing unit which determines an attention target object from the plurality of objects to be displayed according at least to the shortness of the distance from the view point position to the object position , modifies the line of sight directions for the images for the right and left eyes according at least to the distance of the attention target object , and provides view point data and object data to the drawing circuit , where the drawing circuit performs perspective conversion based on the modified line of sight directions . if the attention target object comes closer , the line of sight directions corresponding to the right and left screens are modified according to the distance between the object and view point position , and perspective conversion is performed based on the modified line of sight directions , therefore images displayed on the display screen can conform to natural human perception . | 7 |
a method for detecting unknown malicious code is provided . a data set is created , which is a collection of files that includes a first subset with malicious code and a second subset with benign code files , whereas the malicious and benign files are identified by an antivirus program . subsequently , all files are parsed and a set of top features of all - n grams of the files is selected and reduced by using features selection methods . after determining the optimal number of features , they will be used as training and test sets . | 6 |
a variable displacement axial piston pump is typically used to receive fluid from a tank and supply pressurized fluid through a control valve to move an actuator . the present variable displacement axial piston pump has a swashplate arrangement that is capable of being angled in two different directions to control the pressure transitions between the low pressure inlet port passage and the higher pressure outlet port passage as cylinder bores in a barrel of a rotating group rotate through trapped volume regions situated between inlet and outlet port passages of the axial piston pump . movement of the swashplate arrangement in two different directions provides smooth pressure transitions and increases the operating efficiency of the variable displacement axial piston pump . | 5 |
a headrest arrangement for a vehicle seat is provided with at least one backrest and a headrest device . a mechanical transmission device is included for transformation of a deformation of the backrest into a movement of the headrest device . | 1 |
a phacoemulsification instrument that significantly reduces infusion fluid leakage by providing a silicone sleeve with a built in reinforcing member . also , the sleeve has only a single infusion hole in order to provide better infusion fluid flow without causing turbulence in the eye . in addition , the present invention provides either a valve or a variable aperture aspiration tube in order to regulate the aspiration rate . also , the present invention includes a single aspiration hole at the tip in order to amplify flow coming to the tip . to assist in cataract removal , the tip may be provided with a variety of different barrier and baffle configuration . a handpiece includes a variable capacity reservoir in the infusion line to account for surges in the aspiration line . the needle includes steps , angles and barriers to focus ultrasonic energy to aid in emulsifying nuclear tissue and to aid in pushing emulsified material in the direction of aspiration flow . a compressible sleeve is rotatably coupled to the handpiece to permit the handpiece and needle to be manipulated to a limited extent in the axial direction and rotated freely about the longitudinal axis while the sleeve remains stationary with respect to the cornea . | 0 |
a hand - held communication device including a display . a plurality of communication incidents of the communication device is logged . a recent - communication - incident log is determined , which includes information regarding the most recent communication incidents . a most - frequent - communication - incident log is determined , which includes information regarding the sender or receiver of the most - frequent communication incidents . a combined - communication log is generated , which includes a portion of items relating to the recent - communication - incident log and a portion of items relating to the most - frequent - communication - incident log . a first or second number of items of the combined - communication log corresponds to the first n items of the recent - communication - incident log , and a second or first number of items of the combined - communication log corresponds to the first m items of the most - frequent - communication - incident log . the combined - communication log is displayed on the display , enabling a user of the communication device to select an item from the combined - communication log to initiate a communication . | 7 |
articles of clothing that incorporate fabrics or chemicals having wicking , antibacterial / antifungal and low coefficients of friction either overall or in specific areas of the apparel that will minimize the development of irritation , bacterial and fungal infections of the skin . the invention also includes methods for producing this wicking , antibacterial / antifungal and low coefficient of friction apparel . | 8 |
a plain bearing unit is provided in which a sliding member made of thermoplastics having high recyclability and not containing solid lubricant provides low frictional coefficient and improves wear resistance even under circumstances where oil or grease cannot be used . a rotating , and / or swinging and / or reciprocating plain bearing unit includes a bearing made of resin containing glass and / or a carbon material ; a shaft ; and a gas supply portion adapted to supply dry gas subjected to dust removal to a bearing sliding portion where the bearing portion and the shaft slide with each other . | 5 |
nanofluidic entropic traps , comprising alternating thin and thick regions , sieve small molecules such as dna or protein polymers and other molecules . the thick region is comparable or substantially larger than the molecule to be separated , while the thin region is substantially smaller than the size of the molecules to be separated . due to the molecular size dependence of the entropic trapping effect , separation of molecules may be achieved . in addition , entropic traps are used to collect , trap and control many molecules in the nanofluidic channel . a fabrication method is disclosed to provide an efficient way to make nanofluidic constrictions in any fluidic devices . | 6 |
an oil distribution system for distributing motor oil under pressure to crank shaft rod journals continuously , comprising first and second oil distribution passages disposed 180 degrees out , drilled angularly and connected together , connecting said main journals of said crank shaft to adjacent rod journals for supplying oil under pressure continuously , distributed through the main bearings , resulting in extended bearing and crank shaft life and improved fuel efficiency . | 8 |
new - pyrrolyl - 3 - pyridazineamines having a further aminic substituent in the position 6 . the compounds are useful as antihypertensive agents and may be prepared from 6 - amino substituted - 3 - hydrazino pyridazines and Ξ² - dicarbonyl compounds . the use of the novel compounds as antihypertensives and compositions containing the novel compounds as active ingredients are also claimed . | 2 |
a locker that may either be opened in a keyed or keyless manner includes a locking mechanism formed predominantly of sheet components . the locking mechanism is designed to be carried by the frame of the locker , and is particularly suited to enable the locker to be used as an evidence locker or similar restricted access storage compartment . various spring biases are used to force the locking mechanism to a locked position when the locking mechanism is appropriately triggered , such as by a pushbutton . the locking mechanism is designed to be substantially tamper proof and cannot be reset to an unlocked position without a key , if equipped , or access to a lock resetting lever arm that is only accessible through a rear opening of the locker . | 8 |
in an electronic musical instrument which obtains waveshape amplitude values at sampling points by calculation for producing a desired waveshape , there are provided first means for calculating a waveshape varying with time and second means for calculating a waveshape undergoing no variations with time . normally the waveshape calculation by the first means is repeated but , in the case of a new key depression or a change in the state of a tone select switch , the waveshape calculation by the second means is performed . | 6 |
a seal is provided for a shock absorber having a housing and a piston rod partially disposed within the damping fluid in the working chamber of the shock absorber . the seal comprises a first surface engaging the housing operable to prevent the flow of damping fluid between the first surface and the housing . the seal further comprises a second surface engaging the piston rod , the second surface operable to prevent the flow of damping fluid between the second surface and the piston rod . the second surface of the seal comprises a first annular recess coaxially disposed on the second surface with respect to the piston rod , as well as a first annular lip coaxially disposed on the second surface . finally , the second surface comprises a groove which reduces friction between the piston rod and the seal . | 5 |
a tone ring assembly for use on a rotatable machine part . the tone ring is able to generate a varying voltage output when rotated at varying speeds . a fixed position magnetic sensor detects this voltage . the tone ring comprises an axially extending main body portion having a plurality of areas able to generate a voltage upon rotation . a retainer having at least one radial flange prevents axial movement of the tone ring and the tone ring includes ribs and spaces on its inside diameter to permit oil to pass therethrough . | 6 |
a cookware immersion device used in conjunction with a cooking pot having an upstanding wall thereabout with an open top to receive cooking liquid and food items therein . the device comprises a structure inserted within the open top of the cooking pot to press the food items down within the cooking fluid . a mechanism is for locking the structure in place against an inner surface of the wall of the cooking pot , so as to retain all of the food items within the cooking liquid in the cooking pot . | 0 |
a second semiconductor chip and a junction member are mounted on a first semiconductor chip formed with a plurality of first pads on a surface thereof . a resin encapsulating body is provided which seals the first semiconductor chip , the second semiconductor chip and the junction member . the second semiconductor chip includes a plurality of second pads arranged in a central part thereof . the junction member includes first junction pads , second junction pads and connecting portions which connect the first junction pads and the second junction pads respectively . electrical connections of the second semiconductor chip from the second pads include connections to connecting terminals and connections to the connecting terminals or the first semiconductor chip from the second junction pads via the first junction pads . | 7 |
multipole coils for influencing particle beams have at least two coils which concentrically enclose an imaginary axis , wherein a winding made from a flexible circuit board is formed by means of conducting paths disposed thereon for each coil and the circuit boards are rolled into at least one circuit board layer . multipole coils of this kind are utilized for aberration correction in particle optics , wherein the windings of the multipole coils form windows whose width in the peripheral direction is chosen in such a fashion that no secondary interfering fields occur and whose length in the axial direction corresponds at least to its width . | 7 |
a double - sided inspection screen which can be installed either following the front side installation mode is disclosed , or as a rear side installation model . the screen is arranged so as to provide easy opening of the cover by a slight hand push without recourse to any additional tools . said arrangement secures quick and easy access to various communications and / or production assemblies and / or devices . | 4 |
Context. We model the dust and free-free continuum emission in the high-mass star-forming region Sagittarius B2. <BR /> Aims: We want to reconstruct the 3D density and dust temperature distribution, as a crucial input to follow-up studies of the gas velocity field and molecular abundances. <BR /> Methods: We employ the 3D radiative transfer program RADMC-3D to calculate the dust temperature self-consistently, providing a given initial density distribution. This density distribution of the entire cloud complex is then recursively reconstructed, based on available continuum maps, including both single-dish and high-resolution interferometric maps that cover a wide frequency range (Ξ½ = 40 GHz-4 THz). The model covers spatial scales from 45 pc down to 100 au, I.e., a spatial dynamic range of 10<SUP>5</SUP>. <BR /> Results: We find that the density distribution of Sagittarius B2 can be reasonably well fitted by applying a superposition of spherical cores with Plummer-like density profiles. To reproduce the spectral energy distribution, we position Sgr B2(N) along the line of sight behind the plane containing Sgr B2(M). We find that the entire cloud complex comprises a total gas mass of 8.0 Γ 10<SUP>6</SUP> M<SUB>β</SUB> within a diameter of 45 pc. This corresponds to an averaged gas density of 170 M<SUB>β</SUB> pc<SUP>-3</SUP>. We estimate stellar masses of 2400 M<SUB>β</SUB> and 20 700 M<SUB>β</SUB> and luminosities of 1.8 Γ 10<SUP>6</SUP> L<SUB>β</SUB> and 1.2 Γ 10<SUP>7</SUP> L<SUB>β</SUB> for Sgr B2(N) and Sgr B2(M), respectively. We report H<SUB>2</SUB> column densities of 2.9 Γ 10<SUP>24</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> for Sgr B2(N) and 2.5 Γ 10<SUP>24</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> for Sgr B2(M) in a 40'' beam. For Sgr B2(S), we derive a stellar mass of 1100 M<SUB>β</SUB>, a luminosity of 6.6 Γ 10<SUP>5</SUP> L<SUB>β</SUB>, and an H<SUB>2</SUB> column density of 2.2 Γ 10<SUP>24</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> in a 40'' beam. We calculate a star formation efficiency of 5% for Sgr B2(N) and 50% for Sgr B2(M). This indicates that most of the gas content in Sgr B2(M) has already been converted to stars or dispersed. | 9 |
an oscillator comprising a delay circuit having an input terminal and an output terminal , and a tristate inverter having an input connected to the output terminal of the delay circuit and an output connected to the input terminal of the delay circuit . this tristate inverter is adapted to be switched by a control signal between an operable condition and an inoperable condition . a wave shaping inverter is connected to the output of the tristate inverter to generate a shaped pulse signal . further , there is provided at least one tristate inverter having an input directly connected to an output of the tristate inverter itself so that it can generate a predetermined potential corresponding to the threshold of the tristate inverter itself . this voltage generating tristate inverter is connected at its output terminal to a selected one of the input and output terminals of the delay circuit . this voltage generating tristate inverter is adapted to be put in response to the control signal , when the first tristate inverter is put in the operable condition , in such a biasing mode as to generate the above predetermined voltage at the output terminal , and when the first tristate inverter is put in the operable condition , in such a floating mode as to bring its output terminal into a floating condition , so that the first tristate inverter oscillates because of a feedback given by the delay circuit . | 7 |
a method and apparatus for sending paging signals and messages to individuals within a building and accepting responses to the messages . messages may be initiated by electronic mail , incoming telephone calls , incoming fax messages , or other sources . data is sent via radio to a communications unit carried by the individual and displayed visually together with possible responses . each unit transmits its identity and responses or original messages when desired via coded infrared light to one or more remote stations located in rooms or along corridors of the building . a remote station relays data to a central station also via radio , which tracks the location of units and delivers messages . communication units are clipped to the clothing of users and can be incorporated into a corporate employee identification badge . the hybrid radio - infrared light approach combines the broad , reliable characteristics of radio communication with the ability of infrared light to allow each unit to be located . this allows highly reliable delivery of messages via an acknowledgement and retransmission protocol , two - way communication with the individual , and capabilities that require the location of the individual to be known . the use of radio for communication from the remote station to the central station allows the system to be completely wireless , thus simplifying and reducing the cost of installation . | 7 |
an on - line capacitance sensing system , including a capacitance sensor , for measuring changes in thickness of a plastic film which passes over the sensor in contacting relationship ; the sensor is mounted to a carriage which may be reciprocated transversely across the width of the film , and a partial vacuum is applied to the sensor to assist in holding the moving plastic film in contacting relationship against the sensor . | 6 |
a method for forming a manifold for use with a heat exchanger is disclosed . the method may involve forming a plurality of vanes . opposing surfaces of each of the vanes may define a pair of adjacent flow channels for receiving portions of first and second fluids to be flowed through the flow channels . each of the flow channels may have a changing aspect ratio along its length . | 1 |
a system and method is presented for reducing skew between the positive and negative components of a differential signal in a high speed communications link . the communications link includes a signal generator producing and transmitting complementary positive and negative signals over separate transmission lines and a receiver receiving the complementary signals . the communication link further includes a skew compensation circuit having a skew detector , a controller , and separate delay and buffer elements for both the positive and negative component of the differential signal . the controller separately controls each of the delay or buffer elements in response to the detected skew between differential signal components . | 7 |
We produce 1000 realizations of synthetic clustering catalogues for each type of the tracers used for the baryon acoustic oscillation and redshift space distortion analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey final data release (eBOSS DR16), covering the redshift range from 0.6 to 2.2, to provide reliable estimates of covariance matrices and test the robustness of the analysis pipeline with respect to observational systematics. By extending the Zel'dovich approximation density field with an effective tracer bias model calibrated with the clustering measurements from the observational data, we accurately reproduce the two- and three-point clustering statistics of the eBOSS DR16 tracers, including their cross-correlations in redshift space with very low computational costs. In addition, we include the gravitational evolution of structures and sample selection biases at different redshifts, as well as various photometric and spectroscopic systematic effects. The agreements on the auto-clustering statistics between the data and mocks are generally within $1\, \sigma$ variances inferred from the mocks, for scales down to a few $h^{-1}\, {\rm Mpc}$ in configuration space, and up to $0.3\, h\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ in Fourier space. For the cross correlations between different tracers, the same level of consistency presents in configuration space, while there are only discrepancies in Fourier space for scales above $0.15\, h\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ . The accurate reproduction of the data clustering statistics permits reliable covariances for multi-tracer analysis. | 9 |
hypodermic syringe holders for use in combination with disposable medicament - containing ampoules are adapted to immobilize the ampoules within the syringe holder so as to provide manual aspirating capability . | 0 |
immunoassays for malondialdehyde - modified low density lipprotein and oxidized low density lipprotein , monoclonal antibodies for use in the assays , and a storage - stable standard are disclosed . mda - modified ldl and oxldl are implicated in atherosclerosis and its etiology . | 2 |
Besides the spirals induced by the Lindblad resonances, planets can generate a family of tightly wound spirals through buoyancy resonances. The excitation of buoyancy resonances depends on the thermal relaxation timescale of the gas. By computing timescales of various processes associated with thermal relaxation, namely, radiation, diffusion, and gas-dust collision, we show that the thermal relaxation in protoplanetary disks' surface layers (Z/R β³ 0.1) and outer disks (R β³ 100 au) is limited by infrequent gas-dust collisions. The use of the isothermal equation of state or rapid cooling, common in protoplanetary disk simulations, is therefore not justified. Using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, we show that the collision-limited slow thermal relaxation provides favorable conditions for buoyancy resonances to develop. Buoyancy resonances produce predominantly vertical motions, whose magnitude at the <SUP>12</SUP>CO emission surface is of the order of 100 m s<SUP>-1</SUP> for Jovian-mass planets, sufficiently large to detect using molecular line observations with ALMA. We generate synthetic observations and describe characteristic features of buoyancy resonances in Keplerian-subtracted moment maps and velocity channel maps. Based on the morphology and magnitude of the perturbation, we propose that the tightly wound spirals observed in TW Hya could be driven by a (sub-)Jovian-mass planet at 90 au. We discuss how non-Keplerian motions driven by buoyancy resonances can be distinguished from those driven by other origins. We argue that observations of multiple lines tracing different heights, with sufficiently high spatial/spectral resolution and sensitivity to separate the emission arising from the near and far sides of the disk, will help constrain the origin of non-Keplerian motions. | 9 |
an improved microwave amplifier is shown to comprise an impatt diode in a coaxial circuit coupled to a section of double - ridged waveguide forming a resonant cavity with a low q , such cavity in turn being coupled to outside circuitry through a compound iris . | 7 |
a wagering system for accepting wagers over communications systems comprising : automatic call director means for receiving incoming messages from subscribers who wish to wager on the system ; b ) message means connected thereto for receiving the incoming messages routed from the acd , and for playing a series of recorded audio messages requesting subscriber wager information to be input via telecommunications means ; and host processor means having storage means and being connected to the wagering vru for receiving the subscriber wager information , storing it in a master subscriber wager file in the storage means , and assigning an associated ticket number to the wager . | 6 |
a motor boat drive mounting configuration connects the drives of a boat together at their centerlines so that the drives are turned at equal angles and are synchronized by the boat &# 39 ; s steering system . the tie bar that interconnects the drives includes an end assembly that is configured to rotate 360 degrees with respect to an outer tube . the end assembly using a lug rotatably disposed in a threaded insert to provide the rotation . an end assembly disposed at the other end of the outer tube provides selective length adjustment through a threaded connection between the end assembly and the outer tube . a lock nut locks the position of the end assembly . in one embodiment , the tie bar is connected to a reconfigurable motor mount that may be selectively reconfigured in left hand , right hand , and center configurations . | 5 |
SPHERE+ is a proposed upgrade of the SPHERE instrument at the VLT, which is intended to boost the current performances of detection and characterization for exoplanets and disks. SPHERE+ will also serve as a demonstrator for the future planet finder (PCS) of the European ELT. The main science drivers for SPHERE+ are 1/ to access the bulk of the young giant planet population down to the snow line (3 β 10 au), to bridge the gap with complementary techniques (radial velocity, astrometry); 2/ to observe fainter and redder targets in the youngest (1 β 10 Myr) associations compared to those observed with SPHERE to directly study the formation of giant planets in their birth environment; 3/ to improve the level of characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres by increasing the spectral resolution in order to break degeneracies in giant planet atmosphere models. Achieving these objectives requires to increase the bandwidth of the xAO system (from ~1 to 3 kHz) as well as the sensitivity in the infrared (2 to 3 mag). These features will be brought by a second stage AO system optimized in the infrared with a pyramid wavefront sensor. As a new science instrument, a medium resolution integral field spectrograph will provide a spectral resolution from 1000 to 5000 in the J and H bands. This paper gives an overview of the science drivers, requirements and key instrumental tradeoff that were done for SPHERE+ to reach the final selected baseline concept. | 9 |
a method and unit for driving a small high - efficiency piezoelectric transformer allowing a cold - cathode tube to have stable luminance by detecting only an active current flowing in the cold - cathode tube based on a phase difference between an output current and voltage of the piezoelectric transformer , removing a reactive current caused by stray capacitance formed between the cold - cathode tube and a reflector , and accurately controlling driving of the piezoelectric transformer so that a constant active current is detected . | 7 |
a resilient hitch linkage between a towing vehicle such as a tractor and an implement or attachment such as , for example , a rotary tiller , towed by the towing vehicle . the resilient hitch linkage serves to reduce the transmission of impact or shock loads and / or vibrations between the implement and the tractor and includes a front link pivotally connected to a hitch point on the tractor and a rear link pivotally connected to the attachment being towed . one of the pivoted links , such as the rear link , has a member with multiple flat exterior surfaces such as a member of rectangular cross section secured thereto and extending laterally therefrom . the other pivoted link , such as the front link , has a first u - shaped clamp member secured thereto and lying on one side of the &# 34 ; square tube &# 34 ; carried by the one link . a pair of rubber cylinders are retained by the first clamp member . a second u - shaped clamp member is positioned on the opposite side of the &# 34 ; square tube &# 34 ; from the first clamp member , the second clamp member retaining a second pair of rubber cylinders therein . the two clamp members are fastened together to confine the plurality of rubber cylinders under pressure between the &# 34 ; square tube &# 34 ; and the clamp members , thereby defining a resilient connection between the front and rear link members . the rubber cylinders are deformed under the pressure exerted upon them . in the preferred embodiment , the resilient connection between the front and rear links is offset from the straight line connecting the respective pivotal connections of the front and rear links to the tractor and to the implement towed by the tractor , at least under normal operating conditions . an upper and a lower resilient hitch linkage , each embodying a construction of the foregoing type is connected between the towing vehicle such as a tractor and the implement or attachment being towed by the tractor . | 1 |
a method and system for generating a customized , printed , three - dimensional object accesses a data record for a selected recipient and prints objects on a substrate based on the data record . the method and system then generates die lines based on the data record , and finishes the substrate by cutting , perforating , creasing , folding or otherwise finishing the substrate along the die lines to yield a customized , three - dimensional printed object . | 6 |
inhibitors of the cytosolic phospholypase a2 enzymes are provided which are of use in controlling a wide variety of inflammatory diseases . the inhibitors of the present invention have the general formula where x , z , x 1 , r 1 , r 2 , r a and r b are as defined in the specification . | 0 |
the present invention provides a system and method for providing remote device data synchronization . in architecture , the system includes a remote device with a device data , a server device containing an original data and a revision data of the original data , and a delta data that identifies only the changes between the original data and the revision data . the present invention can also be viewed as a method for transmitting data that is modified on a server to a remote device . the method operates by providing an original data ; creating update data of the original data ; and generating a delta data that identifies only the changes between the original data and the updated data ; and transmitting the delta data to a remote device . | 6 |
an inertial mouse device includes a main body ; an accelerometer unit disposed in the main body for performing a motion - sensing function of the main body with at least two degrees of freedom , and generating a calibration output value when the main body is in a still state ; and a microprocessor in communication with the accelerometer unit , receiving and processing the calibration output value with an operation so as to obtain an angle of the accelerometer unit relative to horizon . the microprocessor generates a shift signal when the main body is in a motional state , and performs calibration for the shift signal according to the angle . | 6 |
in a method for manufacturing a bimos device , first and second semiconductor layers are formed on a semiconductor substrate , first and second field insulating layers are formed by using a locos process on said first and second semiconductor layers , respectively . the first field insulating layer partitions a bipolar transistor area and a mos transistor area , and the second field insulating layer is formed on a base - emitter junction region of the first semiconductor layer . then , impurities are introduced via the second field insulating layer into the first semiconductor layer to form a base region therein . then , an emitter opening is perforated in the second field insulating layer , and a polycrystalline silicon layer is formed on the second field insulating layer . then , impurities of a first conductivity type are introduced into the polycrystalline silicon layer , and a heating operation is performed upon the polycrystalline silicon layer to form an emitter region . then , the polycrystalline silicon layer is patterned to form an emitter electrode . then , a gate insulating layer is formed on the second semiconductor layer , and a gate electrode is formed on the gate insulating layer . finally , a base graft region is formed type in the first semiconductor layer and source / drain regions are formed in the second semiconductor layer . | 7 |
the present invention is directed to an apparatus and method for safely transporting mobility devices on the rear of a motor vehicle . the apparatus and method includes wheel wells to receive the drive wheels of the mobility device , and l - shaped members which automatically retain the undercarriage of the mobility device when it is being lifted into position for transport and which automatically disengage from the undercarriage when the mobility device is being lowered to the ground for unloading . | 8 |
the invention relates to a sewing machine and more particularly relates to a device for directly driving the fabric feeding shaft of the sewing machine independently of the upper main shaft and the lower loop taker drive shaft so as to secure a correct movement of the feeding shaft in a timed relation with the upper main shaft and the lower loop taker drive shaft for the purpose of avoiding the breakage of the needle and the formation of loosened stitches . | 3 |
Compact obscured nuclei (CONs) are relatively common in the centers of local (U)LIRGs, yet their nature remains unknown. Both AGN activity and extreme nuclear starbursts have been suggested as plausible nuclear power sources. The prevalence of outflows in these systems suggest that CONs represent a key phase in the nuclear feedback cycle, in which material is ejected from the central regions of the galaxy. Here, we present results from MUSE for the confirmed local CON galaxy NGC4418. For the first time we spatially map the spectral features and kinematics of the galaxy in the optical, revealing several previously unknown structures. In particular, we discover a bilateral outflow along the minor axis, an outflowing bubble, several knot structures and a receding outflow partially obscured by the galactic disk. Based on the properties of these features, we conclude that the CON in NGC4418 is most likely powered by an AGN. | 9 |
a system for and a method of managing a communications network through the use of multiple network connections . the system prepares at least two transport service providers of a node for establishing a network connection with corresponding transport service providers of another node and associates the at least two transport service providers with each other and with a requesting application . the system monitors network connection condition and determines availability and suitability of each network connection . the system selectively transmits information via a selected network connection . the system seamlessly establishes the multiple connections and transmits the information over the selected network connection and is transparent to the application . | 7 |
the invention is a process for the 2 - hydroxyalkylation of a polysaccharide which comprises contacting a polysaccharide with an alkylene carbonate in the presence of a catalytic amount of a quaternary ammonium halide under conditions such that the polysaccharide undergoes hydroxyalkylation . | 2 |
a biomagnetic measurement apparatus that readily enables the positional adjustment of a test object in biomagnetic measurement and a biomagnetic measurement method are provided . in biomagnetic measurement , in the case where the test object is a heart , for example , a permanent magnet is disposed on the body surface of the xiphoid process of a subject and the pectoral region is disposed under the bottom face of the cryogenic container . a processing unit stores the calibration curve of the permanent magnet and performs a process for estimating the positional relationship between the subject and the bottom face of the cryogenic container in accordance with the measurement result of the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet . also , the processing unit performs a process for estimating the distance between the body surface of the test object and the bottom face of the cryogenic container . | 0 |
the invention disclosed herein includes a system and method for electronically transferring data through a communications connection in a transparent manner such that the data transfer does not interfere with other traffic sharing the connection . the invention transfers data using bandwidth of the connection that other traffic are not using . if other traffic desires to use the bandwidth currently being used by the invention , the invention relinquishes the bandwidth to the other traffic and retreats to avoid bandwidth contention . although a retreat may cause gaps in the data transferred , a key aspect of the invention is that any missing data due to these gaps is recovered easily and in a bandwidth - efficient way using novel error correction and recovery . | 7 |
a sail magazine and rigging device for automatically rigging and stowing a stay sail , comprising a elongated flat member having a spear - shaped blade section for catching and opening sail hanks and removing them from the stay . when used on a properly configured vessel , the sail magazine allows the prerigging and interchangeable use of two stay sails without the assistance of additional crew members . the sail magazine includes a sail storage section providing for the retention of sails on the magazine and allowing the use of multiple magazines to facilitate quick exchange of sails and orderly stowing of unused sails . | 1 |
a dc to dc converter includes a comparator , a driver , and a pair of switches . the comparator compares the output voltage with a reference voltage signal and generates a pwm signal . the driver drives the switches so as to force the output voltage to follow the reference signal . in a multiphase architecture , two or more such converter circuits are incorporated to minimize the output voltage ripple and further reduce the recovery time . in a two - phase architecture , two reference signals are phase - shifted by 180 degrees . in an n - phase architecture , the reference signals are phase - shifted by 360 / n degrees . | 7 |
Context. Active regions on the photosphere of a star have been the major obstacle for detecting Earth-like exoplanets using the radial velocity (RV) method. A commonly employed solution for addressing stellar activity is to assume a linear relationship between the RV observations and the activity indicators along the entire time series, and then remove the estimated contribution of activity from the variation in RV data (overall correction method). However, since active regions evolve on the photosphere over time, correlations between the RV observations and the activity indicators will correspondingly be anisotropic. <BR /> Aims: We present an approach that recognizes the RV locations where the correlations between the RV and the activity indicators significantly change in order to better account for variations in RV caused by stellar activity. <BR /> Methods: The proposed approach uses a general family of statistical breakpoint methods, often referred to as change point detection (CPD) algorithms; several implementations of which are available in R and python. A thorough comparison is made between the breakpoint-based approach and the overall correction method. To ensure wide representativity, we use measurements from real stars that have different levels of stellar activity and whose spectra have different signal-to-noise ratios. <BR /> Results: When the corrections for stellar activity are applied separately to each temporal segment identified by the breakpoint method, the corresponding residuals in the RV time series are typically much smaller than those obtained by the overall correction method. Consequently, the generalized Lomb-Scargle periodogram contains a smaller number of peaks caused by active regions. The CPD algorithm is particularly effective when focusing on active stars with long time series, such as Ξ± Cen B. In that case, we demonstrate that the breakpoint method improves the detection limit of exoplanets by 74% on average with respect to the overall correction method. <BR /> Conclusions: CPD algorithms provide a useful statistical framework for estimating the presence of change points in a time series. Since the process underlying the RV measurements generates anisotropic data by its intrinsic properties, it is natural to use CPD to obtain cleaner signals from RV data. We anticipate that the improved exoplanet detection limit may lead to a widespread adoption of such an approach. Our test on the HD 192310 planetary system is encouraging, as we confirm the presence of the two hosted exoplanets and we determine orbital parameters consistent with the literature, also providing much more precise estimates for HD 192310 c. <P />Based on observations collected at the La Silla Paranal Observatory, ESO (Chile), with the HARPS spectrograph at the 3.6-m telescope. | 9 |
a two - dimensional gas chromatograph with a primary column and dual secondary columns is described . flow rates in the primary column are less than those in the secondary columns due to an accumulation valve . typically the ratio of second and third column flow capacities combined to primary column flow capacities between about 10 to 1 and 30 to 1 . volatile organic compounds are detected in environmental samples of air water , soil and in body fluids of animals and humans . | 6 |
a cutter tool that includes a shank by which the tool is releasably retainable within a tool holder , an enlarged shoulder or heel provided at one end of the shank and adapted , in use , to abut a seating surface of a tool holder and limit the penetration of the tool holder into a receiving aperture of the tool holder , and an integral blade provided beyond the enlarged shoulder or heel and terminating in a carbide or other tip . the tool is provided with a zone of weakness such that if subjected to fracture forces , a fracture will be encouraged to propagate from the zone of weakness in a particular desired manner . | 4 |
a method of reducing the discharge rate of a battery while providing a desired current comprising the steps of incrementally controlling the amount of one or more activating gases provided to an energy storage means , and providing an energy level responsive to the selectable amount of said one or more activating gases . | 7 |
RX J0440.9+4431 is an accreting X-ray pulsar (XRP) that remained relatively unexplored until recently, when major X-ray outburst activity enabled more in-depth studies. Here, we report on the discovery of ~0.2 Hz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) from this source observed with Fermi-GBM. The appearance of QPOs in RX J0440.9+4431 is triple transient, that is, QPOs appear only above a certain luminosity, only at certain pulse phases (namely corresponding to the peak of its sine-like pulse profile), and only for a few oscillations at time. We argue that this newly discovered phenomenon (with the appearance of triple transient QPOs - or ATTO) occurs if QPOs are fed through an accretion disk whose inner region viscosity is unstable when exposed to mass accretion rate and temperature variations. Such variations are triggered when the source switches to the supercritical accretion regime and the emission pattern changes. We also argue that the emission region configuration is likely responsible for the observed QPOs spin-phase dependence. | 9 |
disclosed herein are methods and devices for associating a first workspace data object with a first workspace service and for determining characteristics of the association of the first workspace data object with the first workspace service . the methods and devices described herein relate to receiving touch - screen based input in a plurality of display areas of a display to make the associations . | 7 |
the invention discloses a hinge including a first support , a second support , and a sensor . the first support includes a first electrical connection part . the second support includes a second electrical connection part and a protrusion part , and the protrusion part is insulated from the second electrical connection part . the second support is engaged to the first support , and the second electrical connection part detachably and electrically contacts the first electrical connection part . the sensor is respectively and electrically connected to the first electrical connection part and the second electrical connection part . when the first support rotates to a specific position relative to the second support , the first support and the protrusion part are detached . meanwhile , the sensor correspondingly transmits a signal . | 6 |
in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention , a method and apparatus is disclosed for use in a digital system having a host coupled to at least two nonvolatile memory devices . the host stores digital information in the nonvolatile memory devices and reads the stored digital information from the nonvolatile memory devices . the memory devices are organized into blocks of sectors of information . the method is for erasing digital information stored in the blocks of the nonvolatile memory devices and comprises assigning a predetermined number of blocks , in sequential order , to each of the nonvolatile memory devices , each block having a predetermined number of sectors . the method further comprises forming ` super ` blocks , each ` super ` block comprising a plurality of blocks , identifying a particular ` super ` block having at least two blocks , a first block being located in a first nonvolatile memory device and a second block being located in a second nonvolatile memory device for erasure of the particular ` super ` block and erasing the first and second selected blocks of the particular ` super ` block so that erasure of the second block is performed without waiting for completion of the erasure of the first block ; and indicating the status of the first and second nonvolatile memory devices to be busy during erasure of the first and second selected blocks , wherein the speed of erase operations in the digital system is substantially increased thereby increasing the overall performance of the digital system . | 6 |
Fast radio bursts are a new class of transient radio phenomena currently detected as millisecond radio pulses with very high dispersion measures. As new radio surveys begin searching for FRBs a large population is expected to be detected in real-time, triggering a range of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger telescopes to search for repeating bursts and/or associated emission. Here we propose a method for disseminating FRB triggers using Virtual Observatory Events (VOEvents). This format was developed and is used successfully for transient alerts across the electromagnetic spectrum and for multi-messenger signals such as gravitational waves. In this paper we outline a proposed VOEvent standard for FRBs that includes the essential parameters of the event and where these parameters should be specified within the structure of the event. An additional advantage to the use of VOEvents for FRBs is that the events can automatically be ingested into the FRB Catalogue (FRBCAT) enabling real-time updates for public use. We welcome feedback from the community on the proposed standard outlined below and encourage those interested to join the nascent working group forming around this topic. | 9 |
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