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the invention relates to applying corrosion inhibitor within a foam matrix to the top of the line of wet gas pipelines . the environment within a hydrocarbon containing pipeline may include fluids that form strong acids in the gas space at the upper portion of the pipeline and can rapidly corrode a carbon steel pipeline . the inventive solution is to provide a foam matrix created by a combination of foaming agent , foaming gas and corrosion inhibitor that are each selected to be compatible with each other and with the hydrocarbon mixture to form a stable foam matrix that treats the top of the line position for the length of the pipeline . a foam breaking agent at the end of the pipeline can be injected , if needed . | 1 |
a process and system for connecting a semiconductor chip to a substrate is provided . the process includes providing the substrate that is configured to receive the semiconductor chip that has a bonding pad . the substrate has a first side that is suited to be connected to the semiconductor chip and a second side that is opposite the first side . the process then includes designing a metallization bonding structure on the first side of the substrate . the metallization bonding structure has a first end , a second end , and a bend defined between the first end and the second end . then , an oxide passivation layer is defined over the first side that includes the metallization bonding structure . a bonding via is then defined through the passivation layer . the bonding via is configured to be aligned with the bend of the metallization bonding structure . the semiconductor chip is then joined to the oxide passivation layer , such that the bonding pad is aligned with the bonding via and the bend of the metallization bonding structure . the process further includes the application of a current between the first end and the second end of the metallization bonding structure . the applied current is configured to cause a flow of electrons in an opposite direction of the current and a flow of metallization atoms in the metallization bonding structure toward the bend and into the bonding via . a reliable conductive bond between the substrate and the bonding pad of the semiconductor chip is thus established without the need for wire bonds or solder bumps . | 7 |
The Cepheid period-luminosity (PL) relation is the key tool for measuring astronomical distances and for establishing the extragalactic distance scale. In particular, the local value of the Hubble constant (H<SUB>0</SUB>) strongly depends on Cepheid distance measurements. The recent Gaia Data Releases and other parallax measurements from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) already enabled us to improve the accuracy of the slope (α) and intercept (β) of the PL relation. However, the dependence of this law on metallicity is still largely debated. In this paper, we combine three samples of Cepheids in the Milky Way (MW), the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) in order to derive the metallicity term (hereafter γ) of the PL relation. The recent publication of extremely precise LMC and SMC distances based on late-type detached eclipsing binary systems provides a solid anchor for the Magellanic Clouds. In the MW, we adopt Cepheid parallaxes from the early third Gaia Data Release. We derive the metallicity effect in V, I, J, H, K<SUB>S</SUB>, W<SUB>VI</SUB>, and W<SUB>JK</SUB>. In the K<SUB>S</SUB> band we report a metallicity effect of -0.221 ± 0.051 mag dex<SUP>-1</SUP>, the negative sign meaning that more metal-rich Cepheids are intrinsically brighter than their more metal-poor counterparts of the same pulsation period. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of pvdf homopolymer or copolymer by radical polymerization of vinylidene fluoride , and optionally of a comonomer , in aqueous dispersion and in the presence of a transfer agent , of a persulphate as radical initiator , optionally of a surface - active additive and optionally of a paraffin wax , in which : a ) an aqueous pvdf dispersion is obtained , b ) the dispersion from stage a ) is washed , optionally after having been coagulated , to lower the proportion of possible surfactant in the pvdf to below 300 ppm , this proportion being expressed with respect to the dried pvdf , c ) sodium acetate and optionally a potassium alkylsulphonate are added to the dispersion washed in b ), d ) the dispersion from stage c ) is dried by any means to recover the pvdf powder comprising sodium acetate and optionally a potassium alkylsulphonate . | 2 |
the present invention relates to a process for preparing a polymer latex that includes comprising polymerizing one or more ethylenically unsaturated aromatic monomers and one or more conjugated diene monomers in the presence of a hydroperoxide chain transfer agent and sulfur - containing chain transfer agent , wherein the sulfur - containing chain transfer agent is added after the hydroperoxide chain transfer agent . it further relates to the polymer latex thus obtained , to a composition comprising the polymer latex and to the use of the polymer latex or polymer latex composition in a carpet backing , paper coating , or fiber fabric pre - impregnation process . | 2 |
gate sidewall spacers are created by a two - step procedure in fabricating a field - effect transistor using a protective material such as silicon nitride to prevent gate - electrode oxidation . in the first step , a layer of insulating material is conformally deposited and then substantially removed except for small spacer portions adjoining the sidewalls of a doped non - monocrystalline semiconductor layer destined to become the gate electrode . the second step consists of performing an oxidizing heat treatment to increase the thickness of the spacer portions . no significant gate dielectric encroachment occurs . also , the spacers achieve a profile that substantially avoids electrical shorts . | 8 |
We present deep observations at 450 and 850 μm in the Extended Groth Strip field taken with the SCUBA-2 camera mounted on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the deep SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey (S2CLS), achieving a central instrumental depth of σ<SUB>450</SUB> = 1.2 mJy beam<SUP>-1</SUP> and σ<SUB>850</SUB> = 0.2 mJy beam<SUP>-1</SUP>. We detect 57 sources at 450 μm and 90 at 850 μm with signal-to-noise ratio >3.5 over ∼70 arcmin<SUP>2</SUP>. From these detections, we derive the number counts at flux densities S<SUB>450</SUB> > 4.0 mJy and S<SUB>850</SUB> > 0.9 mJy, which represent the deepest number counts at these wavelengths derived using directly extracted sources from only blank-field observations with a single-dish telescope. Our measurements smoothly connect the gap between previous shallower blank-field single-dish observations and deep interferometric ALMA results. We estimate the contribution of our SCUBA-2 detected galaxies to the cosmic infrared background (CIB), as well as the contribution of 24 μm-selected galaxies through a stacking technique, which add a total of 0.26 ± 0.03 and 0.07 ± 0.01 MJy sr<SUP>-1</SUP>, at 450 and 850 μm, respectively. These surface brightnesses correspond to 60 ± 20 and 50 ± 20 per cent of the total CIB measurements, where the errors are dominated by those of the total CIB. Using the photometric redshifts of the 24 μm-selected sample and the redshift distributions of the submillimetre galaxies, we find that the redshift distribution of the recovered CIB is different at each wavelength, with a peak at z ∼ 1 for 450 μm and at z ∼ 2 for 850 μm, consistent with previous observations and theoretical models. | 9 |
Relativistic magnetized shocks are a natural source of coherent emission, offering a plausible radiative mechanism for fast radio bursts (FRBs). We present first-principles 3D simulations that provide essential information for the FRB models based on shocks: the emission efficiency, spectrum, and polarization. The simulated shock propagates in an e<SUP>±</SUP> plasma with magnetization σ >1 . The measured fraction of shock energy converted to coherent radiation is ≃10<SUP>-3</SUP>σ<SUP>-1</SUP>, and the energy-carrying wave number of the wave spectrum is ≃4 ω<SUB>c</SUB>/c , where ω<SUB>c</SUB> is the upstream gyrofrequency. The ratio of the O -mode and X -mode energy fluxes emitted by the shock is ≃0.4 σ<SUP>-1</SUP>. The dominance of the X mode at σ ≫1 is particularly strong, approaching 100% in the spectral band around 2 ω<SUB>c</SUB>. We also provide a detailed description of the emission mechanism for both X and O modes. | 9 |
a winch arrangement intended for the rapid shifting of aircraft or other wheeled vehicles which incorporate their own braking system and which may be under the control of an occupant during winching , is so constructed as to provide compensation for wide fluctuations in load on the winch due to a possible lack of coordination between operation of the winch drive and the control of the vehicle . the winched arrangement comprises a drive motor , a winch drum assembly coupled to the drive motor by means of a transmission incorporating a reduction gear said transmission being of relatively high inertia , so that it can run on to drive the winch drum and take up slack in the winch rope in the event of stoppage of the drive motor . the transmission preferably includes an eddy current overload coupling . in order to prevent damage to the aircraft or vehicle due to the inertia of the transmission in the event of sudden shocks on the system , the path of the winch rope is deflected by guide means which can yield under load , the yielding of the guide means being controlled by a shock absorbing buffer means . | 1 |
a twist - lock handle assembly includes sections that are interconnected by first telescoping them together , followed by relative rotational movement to interlock two pair of axially spaced apart tabs and recesses . the assembly can have a grip section , at least one pole section , and one accessory attachment section for connecting to a mop head . the components are rigidly and essentially permanently connected by sliding them together and twisting , but can be compactly shipped . | 8 |
disclosed is an aluminium alloy brazing material which is substantially lithium - free and calcium - free , and has the composition , in weight percent : si 5 . 0 to 14 . 0 ; fe 0 . 1 to 0 . 7 ; mn 0 . 2 to 1 . 5 ; mg max . 2 . 0 ; zn max 1 . 0 ; optionally a wetting agent as alloying element up to 1 %, and balance al and inevitable impurities . | 1 |
We investigate the utility of deep learning for modeling the clustering of particles that are aerodynamically coupled to turbulent fluids. Using a Lagrangian particle module within the Athena++ hydrodynamics code, we simulate the dynamics of particles in the Epstein drag regime within a periodic domain of isotropic forced hydrodynamic turbulence. This setup is an idealized model relevant to the collisional growth of micron- to millimeter-sized dust particles in early-stage planet formation. The simulation data are used to train a U-Net deep-learning model to predict gridded three-dimensional representations of the particle density and velocity fields, given as input the corresponding fluid fields. The trained model qualitatively captures the filamentary structure of clustered particles in a highly nonlinear regime. We assess model fidelity by calculating metrics of the density field (the radial distribution function) and of the velocity field (the relative velocity and the relative radial velocity between particles). Although trained only on the spatial fields, the model predicts these statistical quantities with errors that are typically <10%. Our results suggest that, given appropriately expanded training data, deep learning could complement direct numerical simulations in predicting particle clustering within turbulent flows. | 9 |
a hearing aid instrument of the in - the - ear type provides a plate member with electronic hearing aid components mounted thereto . the plate member is preferably of a harder material such as hard plastic . a soft polymeric body is bonded to the plate member and encapsulates preferably a plurality of the electronic hearing aid components . the body is soft and is shaped to conform to the ear canal of the user . the soft polymeric body and encapsulated electronic hearing aid components define a soft structure compliant to the ear canal during use and that is substantially solid and free of void spaces between at least some of the components and the ear canal . this combination of soft compliant structure and encapsulated electronic hearing aid components addresses problems of peripheral leakage , poor fit , pivotal displacement that occurs with jaw motion and internal cross talk of components housed in prior art hollow type hearing aids . | 7 |
to achieve secure optical communications , a messaging encoding scheme is utilized in which optical communication signals are encoded based upon a known unique code . this encoding methodology allows for the broad transmission across an optical network which will include intended destination . only the intended destination or destinations will include the necessary unique codes to allow recognition and decoding of the optically encoded message . by providing security in this optical encoding manner , the need for additional message overhead and / or additional systems is thus avoided , thereby providing efficient communication in a secure manner . | 7 |
an exterior rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle includes an extendable mirror for improved rearward viewing . the mirror assembly includes a mirror housing , a mirror disposed in the mirror housing , and a structure to allow extension of the mirror between an inboard position and an outboard position . the mirror can include a post disposed in a mirror shell extending along a longitudinal axis offset from a central axis of the mirror . the structure for rotating the mirror can include a pivot part having a shaft disposed in an aperture in the mirror shell which is disposed along the longitudinal axis . the structure for extending the mirror can include a groove in the mirror housing in which the mirror frame is slidably disposed . the frame may be slid relative to the mirror housing from the inboard position to the outboard position . | 1 |
a versatile and convenient electronic stamper that overcomes limitations of conventional systems including greater robustness in message transfer as well as disproportionate costs . a print solution includes a hand - held housing defining a print area aperture ; and a printhead array including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns of print elements , the printhead sized to substantially cover the print area aperture and configured to apply a print element to any part of the print area aperture without relative motion between the print head and the print area aperture . | 1 |
double shock - absorbing steering wheel , in particular for automobile vehicles , comprising a primary inertia mass connected to an engine shaft , a secondary inertia mass connected by clutch e to a gearbox bv , and a torsion damper rotatably connecting the two inertia masses , this torsion damper including an epicycloidal gear train whose outer crown wheel engages with a spring for absorption of vibrations and rotation acyclisms , said spring being mounted around the crown wheel in a fixed frame . | 8 |
the present invention is a device and system for manipulating a surgical tool at an intended location , e . g ., a confined or inaccessible space , which includes a surgical anchor having at least one opening , wherein the opening provides a catch for a pin ; and at least one anchor point to position and orient a surgical tool inside a human body . the apparatus and system of the present invention allows for the use of multiple intra - abdominal surgical tools inserted through a single incision . | 0 |
a temperature probe has an elongated spindle - like body with an axial bore of uniform diameter extending entirely therethrough . the forward end of the probe has a knife - sharp edge surrounding the bore opening for ice - free performance . an annular air intake in the bore wall leads to an annular , rearwardly and radially outwardly extending sensor channel containing a bare wire element in an annular zig - zag pattern relative to air flow in the channel . the channel has an outlet near the radially widest part of the probe body , allowing venturi action of the exterior air stream to aid in drawing air through the channel from the bore . a heating element may be mounted downwind of the sensor element . the channel and sensor element are radiation shielded by a hollow area in the probe body between cooperating walls , and bleed holes may direct boundry layer air into the hollow area upwind of the sensor element and out of the hollow area downwind of the sensor element . | 6 |
the invention relates to a process for synthesising hydrocarbons starting from a feedstock containing synthesis gas . in the process a solid fischer - tropsch catalyst is employed in a three - phase reaction section operated so that the catalyst is maintained in suspension in a liquid phase by the circulation of a gaseous phase from the bottom to the top of the reaction section . the process utilizes conditions to control and maintain the homogeneity of the concentration of catalyst particles in the reaction section . | 1 |
an interlayer composite includes a plastic sheet having a predetermined outer shape and a major surface ; a pair of bus bars , and an adhesive layer securing the bus bars directly on the major surface of the plastic sheet in a fixed relationship to one another . | 1 |
an automated therapy system having an infusion catheter ; a sensor adapted to sense a patient parameter ; and a controller communicating with the sensor and programmed to control flow output from the infusion catheter into a patient based on the patient parameter without removing fluid from the patient . the invention also includes a method of controlling infusion of a fluid to a patient . the method includes the following steps : monitoring a patient parameter with a sensor to generate a sensor signal ; providing the sensor signal to a controller ; and adjusting fluid flow to the patient based on the sensor signal without removing fluid from the patient . | 0 |
Context. Three-dimensional non-local thermodynamical equilibrium (NLTE) radiative transfer calculations are a fundamental tool for a detailed spectral analysis in stellar atmospheres, but require vast amounts of computer power. This prevents their broader application. <BR /> Aims: We undertake a first exploration of the use of 3D irregular grids in stellar atmospheres. In particular, we aim to test whether irregular grids can be used to speed up the 3D NLTE problem, in the same way as depth optimisation can lead to faster running times in 1D. <BR /> Methods: We created irregular grids based on 3D Voronoi diagrams, sampling different distributions from a 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamic Bifrost simulation. We developed a method for solving radiation on the 3D irregular grid and implemented a simple NLTE solver using Λ-iteration and statistical equilibrium. We applied this to a simplified hydrogen-like atom and studied the convergence properties and accuracy of the irregular grid methods. For reference, we compared them to a standard short-characteristics solver on a regular grid. <BR /> Results: We find that our method for radiation in irregular grids gives similar results to those from regular grids, and that it is possible to obtain nearly the same results with about ten times fewer points in the irregular grid for the continuum intensity in local thermo-dynamical equilibrium. We find that the irregular grid can give good results for the NLTE problem, but it takes four times longer per iteration than the regular grid, and it converges in about the same number of iterations. This makes it particularly inefficient. Our formulation therefore does not lead to an improvement. We also find that the design of the irregular grid is crucial for accurate results, and find it non-trivial to design an irregular grid that can work well across a wide range of heights. | 9 |
a system that determines if a dns server suffers from a particular known functional limitation . during operation , the system sends an exploratory query to the dns server , wherein the exploratory query is specially constructed so as to detect the existence of a functional limitation in the dns server without causing the dns server to fail . next , the system receives an answer to the exploratory query from the dns server . if the dns server gives an incorrect response , the system can take actions as may be desired for the implementation . for example , the system may display a message identifying the functional limitation , or the system may establish a mode of operation where it avoids performing those types of dns queries known to present a risk of crashing the particular internet gateway . | 7 |
in the control of nematodes , use is made of a formulation using d - limonene as a solvent to carry an effective dosage of chloropicrin . the formulation can also include an amount of methyl isothiocyanate corresponding in volume approximately to the amount of chloropicrin . the combination of these two components is synergistic . with the further addition of diazinon , a double synergistic effect is obtained . | 0 |
an oven has a first conveyor , a first burner that directs heat toward the first conveyor from above the first conveyor , and a second burner directs heat toward the first conveyor from below the first conveyor . a method includes providing foodstuff on a conveyor , exposing the foodstuff to heat directed toward the foodstuff from above the conveyor , and exposing the foodstuff to heat directed toward the foodstuff from below the conveyor . another oven has a first conveyor and first conveyor insulators that surround the first conveyor and define a first zone . another method includes introducing foodstuff to a first conveyor belt within a first insulated zone , introducing heat into the first insulated zone , and retaining a portion of the heat within the first insulated zone . another oven has an insulated cooking zone that closely envelopes a cooking path and an insulated oven zone that substantially envelopes the cooking zone . | 0 |
in the nmr apparatus the resonant conditions may be kept constant by adjusting the strength of the static magnetic field . the echo signal that is induced under the specific conditions is processed so as to obtain the deviation of the resonant frequency in the correction circuit . the shift of the given static magnetic field is calculated based upon the deviation of the resonant frequency . the dc energizing current for the h o power supply is varied based upon the magnetic field shift so as to maintain the nmr phenomenon at the desirable resonant conditions . | 6 |
We present new absolute proper-motion measurements for the Arches and Quintuplet clusters, two young massive star clusters near the Galactic center. Using multiepoch HST observations, we construct proper-motion catalogs for the Arches (~35,000 stars) and Quintuplet (~40,000 stars) fields in ICRF coordinates established using stars in common with the Gaia EDR3 catalog. The bulk proper motions of the clusters are measured to be (μ <SUB> α*</SUB>, μ <SUB> δ </SUB>) = (-0.80 ± 0.032, -1.89 ± 0.021) mas yr<SUP>-1</SUP> for the Arches and (μ <SUB> α*</SUB>, μ <SUB> δ </SUB>) = (-0.96 ± 0.032, -2.29 ± 0.023) mas yr<SUP>-1</SUP> for the Quintuplet, achieving ≳5× higher precision than past measurements. We place the first constraints on the properties of the cluster orbits that incorporate the uncertainty in their current line-of-sight distances. The clusters will not approach closer than ~25 pc to Sgr A*, making it unlikely that they will inspiral into the nuclear star cluster within their lifetime. Further, the cluster orbits are not consistent with being circular; the average value of r <SUB>apo</SUB>/r <SUB>peri</SUB> is ~1.9 (equivalent to an eccentricity of ~0.31) for both clusters. Lastly, we find that the clusters do not share a common orbit, challenging one proposed formation scenario in which the clusters formed from molecular clouds on the open stream orbit derived by Kruijssen et al. Meanwhile, our constraints on the birth location and velocity of the clusters offer mild support for a scenario in which the clusters formed via collisions between gas clouds on the x <SUB>1</SUB> and x <SUB>2</SUB> bar orbit families. | 9 |
a compositional range of high strain point and / or intermediate expansion coefficient alkali metal free aluminosilicate and boroaluminosilicate glasses are described herein . the glasses can be used as substrates or superstrates for photovoltaic devices , for example , thin film photovoltaic devices such as cdte or cigs photovoltaic devices or crystalline silicon wafer devices . these glasses can be characterized as having strain points ≧ 600 ° c ., thermal expansion coefficient of from 35 to 50 × 10 − 7 /° c . | 2 |
a method of enhancing the signal to noise ratio of seismic data includes the steps of repeatedly obtaining , from at least one array of seismic detectors , analog signals representative of sensed vibrations or pressure waves . each analog signal is converted to discrete digital values on a time correlation basis until a predetermined quantity of analog signals have been converted . in each time correlation , the two most positive digital values and the two most negative digital values are removed . the remaining values for each time correlation are averaged so as to provide a digital representation of the analog signals . | 6 |
a processor is adapted for performing a qr - decomposition . the processor has a program memory , a program controller , connected to the program memory to receive program instructions , and at least one processing unit . the processing unit includes a cordic calculation block , and has a distributed memory structure , with separate memory blocks for storing respective parameter values . | 6 |
an electrode for an electrochemical cell is formed by blending an electrochemically active compound with a conductive material , forming the blend into a plurality of agglomerates , admixing the agglomerates with a second conductive material which may be the same as or different from the first conductive material and compressing the resulting mixture . the method is particularly useful for forming cathodes containing a mercury compound , since such cathodes have greatly enhanced abilities to immobilize free mercury during cell discharge . | 7 |
described herein is a support for a constant positive airway pressure machine . the support comprises a table for supporting the cpap with portion extended between the mattresses of the bed , and a stabilizer extending downward from the bottom of the table surface to brace against the lower mattress . the table may be foldable for travel purposes . the table also comprises a hook for securing the power cord , and a raised lip around the edge of the table top to prevent accidentally knocking the device from the table surface . a hook extending from one side of the table top provided a convenient place to store a cpap mask between uses . | 0 |
a method of improving the accuracy and reproducibility of non - invasive measurements of a concentration of a constituent of interest carried in a body part has been developed . the method relies on elevating the body part during the measurement cycle so that the body part is maintained above the heart during the measurement cycle . measurements of the constituent during an arterial pulse leads to improved intra - run and run - to - tun determinations . | 6 |
the present invention provides an isolated lactic acid bacterium , lactobacillus plantarum subsp . plantarum ps128 deposited under dsmz accession no . dsm 28632 , for prophylaxis or treatment of a stress - induced disorder . the present invention further provides a composition for prophylaxis or treatment of a stress - induced disorder that comprises lactobacillus plantarum subsp . plantarum ps128 . moreover , the present invention provides a method for prophylaxis or treatment of a stress - induced disorder in a subject that comprises a step of administering an effective amount of lactobacillus plantarum subsp . plantarum ps128 to the subject . | 2 |
a thermoelectric module includes : thermoelectric semiconductor elements ; printed metal conductors for interconnecting the semiconductor elements ; and at least one base support for the printed conductors , the base support including a metal matrix composite . | 7 |
a crimping tool used to secure a cap onto a bottle or vial . the tool has vertical handles , a crimping action involving combined horizontal movement of a movable handle controlling the vertical movement of the crimper , and an in line screw stop to limit the downward movement of the crimper . | 1 |
a process is provided for making metallated and substituted alkynes from feedstocks which include alkadienes containing allenic unsaturation or such alkadienes in a mixture with alkynes having either internal or terminal unsaturation , such as a mixture of propadiene and propyne . this reaction involves an initial step in which the allenic hydrocarbon and any internal alkyne is isomerized and simultaneously the resultant terminal alkynes are metallated with an alkali metal . the reaction is carried out at relatively low temperatures in a suitable inert solvent such as diethylether . when metallation is complete the reaction mixture can be contacted directly with any suitable electrophile , such as a halo silane , for example , chlorotrimethylsilane , and the alkali metal on the terminal alkyne is replaced with the desired substituent . the products thus formed are useful as monomers for preparing polymers having a variety of properties , for example , as asymmetric membranes for gas separation . | 2 |
a data receiver which includes a timing recovery circuit or periodically adjusting a timing signal used to control sampling of the received signal is arranged to reduce or eliminate phase jitter introduced as a result of the adjustments . apparatus and a method are described for forming a correction factor which is a joint function of the timing adjustment increment and a previous correction factor . typically , correction is accomplished by forming the complex product of the in - phase and quadrature - phase components of the received signal and the recursively updated correction factor . | 7 |
a miniature kick bag game and apparatus kit for playing a footbag game between opposing teams divided into two zones by a medially positioned two foot high portable reticulated net , or nets , is provided . the reticulated net , or nets , are substantially two vertical feet in height . | 0 |
The optical light curves of quiescent black hole low-mass X-ray binaries often exhibit significant nonellipsoidal variabilities, showing the photospheric radiation of the companion star is veiled by other sources of optical emission. Assessing this "veiling" effect is critical to the black hole mass measurement. Here in this work, we carry out a strictly simultaneous spectroscopic and photometric campaign on the prototype of black hole low-mass X-ray binary A0620-00. We find that for each observation epoch, the extra optical flux beyond a pure ellipsoidal modulation is positively correlated with the fraction of veiling emission, indicating the accretion disk contributes most of the nonellipsoidal variations. Meanwhile, we also obtain a K2V spectral classification of the companion, as well as the measurements of the companion's rotational velocity $v\sin i=83.8\pm 1.9$ km s<SUP>-1</SUP> and the mass ratio between the companion and the black hole q = 0.063 ± 0.004. <SUP>*</SUP> This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. | 9 |
Gamma-ray bursts resulting from binary neutron-star mergers are sometimes preceded by precursor flares. These harbingers can be ignited by quasi-normal modes, excited by orbital resonances, shattering the stellar crust of one of the inspiralling stars up to ≳10 s before coalescence. In the rare case when a system displays two precursors, successive overtones of either interface modes or g modes can be responsible for the overstrainings. Since the free-mode frequencies of these overtones have an almost constant ratio, and the inertial-frame frequencies for rotating stars are shifted relative to static ones, the spin frequency of the flaring component can be constrained as a function of the equation of state, the binary mass ratio, the mode quantum numbers, and the spin-orbit misalignment angle. As a demonstration of the method, we find that the precursors of GRB090510 hint at a spin frequency range of 2 ≲ ν<SUB>⋆</SUB>/Hz ≲ 20 for the shattering star if we allow for an arbitrary misalignment angle, assuming ℓ = 2 g modes account for the events. | 9 |
a microstructured separating device , especially for separating liquid components from a particle - containing liquid , comprising the following features : at least one transport channel for transport of the liquid in a given transport direction ; at least one separating area at a branch point of the transport channel which is adjoined by a side channel through which a partial flow of the liquid from the transport channel is diverted ; a microstructure in the separating area which keeps larger particles of the liquid out of the separating area and which slows down the transport of smaller particles in the separating area . | 8 |
an animal management system provides an alley to control the handling of animals when procedures are to be performed on the animals by veterinarians or cattle producers . the alley is formed by a base frame , and included therewith are a headgate and preferably two wedge - shaped access doors rotatably mounted with the base frame . the headgate is movable between an entrapping position to a releasing position for an animal , and coordinated movement of the at least one access door ensures that a lead animal is properly positioned while other down line animals do not interfere with care given to , or procedures performed on , the lead animal in the headgate . each access door allows convenient access for persons to the lead animal , and the selective use of one of two doors at a time facilitates the access to and movement of animals of different sizes in the alley . the system may also include an articulating hitch assembly for coupling the alley with a towing vehicle and decoupling the alley so that the hitch assembly substantially does not block the exit of the alley . | 1 |
an improved method and device for the reduction of aerodynamic drag and for improved performance of ground vehicles by increasing the pressure on the base area of a bluff - base ground vehicle or vehicle component by conditioning the undercarriage flow and controlling the discharge of the undercarriage flow into the trailing wake of a ground vehicle . the subject invention provides an improved method and device for generating a reduction in the drag force on a bluff - base object moving through air . the apparatus consists of aerodynamically shaped surfaces that are attached to the undercarriage of a vehicle between the base area and the aft most set of wheels . the surfaces are shaped and positioned such that they may be combined with the vehicle lower surface and the ground to form a nozzle with the smallest opening located at the aft end of the vehicle and the largest opening located forward of the smallest opening . the largest opening has a width that is equivalent to the width of the vehicle and has a height that is approximately equal to the distance between the vehicle lower surface and the ground . the smallest opening is located at the base of the vehicle and has an area and shaped opening to maximize the discharge of the undercarriage flow into the wake . the surfaces that comprise the invention are aerodynamically shaped to minimize separation of the flow passing through the device and on the outer surface of the device and at the same time , to increase the momentum for the flow passing through the device and to entraining additional air externally to the device . the reduction in drag force results from the increase in pressure acting on the base area of the vehicle . the increase in base pressure is a result of the increase in wake energy and reduction in the unsteady wake flow due to the addition of the high momentum undercarriage flow into the wake . the objects and advantages also extend to other applications in which an object or vehicle is moving through either a gas or fluid . | 1 |
a man - portable anti - tank rocket launcher having rocket storage capability well as being of minimum weight . the launcher includes a tube for launching the rocket and is provided with end closures for protecting the rocket until launching . the tube has provisions for storing the launcher firing sights until rocket firing thus protecting the sights in transportation and storage until use . | 5 |
a solid state power control controls flow of current from a power bus to an inductive load . the sspc utilizes load sharing , in which a plurality of current supply paths are connected in parallel to control and share the flow of current between the power bus and the inductive load . each current supply path includes a main power switching field effect transistor ; a balance resistor , and a secondary fet . the balance resistor is connected between the main fet and the load . the secondary fet shunts the balance resistor when the main fet is turned on , and allows current flow through the balance resistor during a turn - off time of the main fet . the balance resistor modulates gate - source voltage of the main fet in order to compensate for gate - source threshold differences among the main fets that could lead to unequal current sharing during the turn - off period . | 7 |
a method and apparatus is disclosed for forming lines of weakness in an automotive trim piece so as to enable formation of an airbag deployment opening in the trim piece . a cutting beam , such as a laser is directed at the trim piece surface to be scored and a sensor emits a sensing beam , and a beam combining device receives both the sensor beam and the laser beam and causes downstream beam segments to be collinear with each other as they impinge the trim piece surface . the scoring is thereby able to be carried out in a single pass , and is precise , repeatable and independent of cutting depth , angle of cutting , scoring patterns , material inconsistency , material color , and surface grain variability . | 1 |
We analyze data from several studies of metal-poor stars in the Milky Way, focusing individually on the main r-process elements (Eu) as well as the lighter neutron-capture element Sr, at the neutron-magic peak N = 50. Because these elements were injected in an explosion, we calculate the mass swept up when the blast wave first becomes radiative, yielding a lower limit for the dilution of such elements and hence a lower limit on the ejecta mass that is incorporated into the next generation of stars. Our study demonstrates that in order to explain the largest enhancements in [Eu/Fe] observed in stars at low [Fe/H] metallicities, individual r-process production events must synthesize a minimum of roughly 10<SUP>-3</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB> of r-process material. This provides a critical constraint on galactic chemical evolution models. We also show independently that if the site of Mg production is the same as that of Eu, individual injection events must synthesize up to ∼10<SUP>-3</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB> of r-process material. On the other hand, demanding that Sr traces Mg production results in r-process masses per event of ∼10<SUP>-5</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB> . This suggests that the astrophysical sites responsible for the genesis of the main r-process elements need to operate at a drastically reduced rate when compared to standard core-collapse supernovae. | 9 |
the present invention provides a method and a device for dewatering a hydraulic fluid of a hydraulic system , in particular in the aerospace sector , comprising a container which has a sorbent , a feed which supplies the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic system to the container for the hydraulic fluid to be passed through the sorbent such that it can be dewatered in a dewatering mode of the device , and a return which returns the dewatered hydraulic fluid from the container to the hydraulic system in the dewatering mode of the device . the hydraulic fluid can be dewatered continuously and very efficiently by the method and the device according to the invention . | 5 |
a pressure actuation enabling method includes plugging a passage that fluidically connects an inside with an outside of a tubular with a plug , building differential pressure across the plug , actuating an actuator with the differential pressure and removing the plug . | 4 |
packets of prismatic geometry referable to a longitudinal axis , presenting two larger side faces , two smaller flank faces and two end faces , are overwrapped by a method including a step in which each packet , enveloped initially by a tubular wrap projecting beyond the two end faces , is inserted into a holder of a transfer wheel in such a way that two appendages of the tubular wrap projecting at either end from a first flank face of the packet are flattened over the end faces ; the appendages are pinned immediately along two lines coinciding substantially with the corner edges of the end face as the packet enters the relative holder , and held stably in position during a subsequent step of transferring the single packets from a feed station to an outfeed conveyor . | 1 |
a catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas includes an upstream side catalyst and a downstream side catalyst . the upstream side catalyst is disposed on an upstream side with respect to an exhaust gas flow , and the downstream side catalyst is disposed on a downstream side with respect thereto . the upstream side catalyst includes a first loading layer , being composed of an alumina containing ba and la at least , and a first noble metal , being held by the first loading layer and being at least one member selected from the group consisting of pd , pd and rh and pd and pt . alternatively , in addition to the aluminum , the first loading layer can be composed of ce , a solid solution of ce and zr and a solid solution of ce , zr and y in an amount as less as possible . the downstream side catalyst includes a second loading layer , being composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alumina containing la , ce , a solid solution of ce and zr and a solid solution of ce , zr and y , and a second noble metal , being held by the second loading layer and being composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of pt , pd and rh . | 8 |
a high strength reinforcing bar splice uses a contractible jaw assembly bridging the bar ends to be joined . the jaw assembly includes interior teeth designed to bite into the projecting ribs or deformations on the outside of the bar ends which form the overall diameter of the bar but not the core or nominal diameter of the bar . the jaw assembly is constricted from both axial ends by driving tapered locking collars on each end of the jaw assembly with a tool while concurrently causing the jaw assembly to constrict and bite into the bar ends . when the tool is removed , the collars remain in place locking the jaw assembly closed . the splice provides not only high tensile and compressive strengths but also has good fatigue and dynamic strength to qualify as a type 2 coupler . | 8 |
Measuring the brightness of the night sky has become an increasingly important topic in recent years, as artificial lights and their scattering by the Earth's atmosphere continue spreading around the globe. Several instruments and techniques have been developed for this task. We give an overview of these, and discuss their strengths and limitations. The different quantities that can and should be derived when measuring the night sky brightness are discussed, as well as the procedures that have been and still need to be defined in this context. We conclude that in many situations, calibrated consumer digital cameras with fisheye lenses provide the best relation between ease-of-use and wealth of obtainable information on the night sky. While they do not obtain full spectral information, they are able to sample the complete sky in a period of minutes, with colour information in three bands. This is important, as given the current global changes in lamp spectra, changes in sky radiance observed only with single band devices may lead to incorrect conclusions regarding long term changes in sky brightness. The acquisition of all-sky information is desirable, as zenith-only information does not provide an adequate characterization of a site. Nevertheless, zenith-only single-band one-channel devices such as the "Sky Quality Meter" continue to be a viable option for long-term studies of night sky brightness and for studies conducted from a moving platform. Accurate interpretation of such data requires some understanding of the colour composition of the sky light. We recommend supplementing long-term time series derived with such devices with periodic all-sky sampling by a calibrated camera system and calibrated luxmeters or luminance meters. | 9 |
an electrical outlet for receiving electrical plugs of several types and providing different voltages to different plugs is disclosed . | 7 |
an effervescent tablet composition for use in cleaning toilet bowls . the tablet composition includes a surfactant and an effervescent system . the effervescent system may include an acid . further , the effervescent tablet may include a surfactant , binder , lubricant , and / or fragrance . a method of producing a toilet bowl cleaner is also presented , including mixing the starting materials , forming an effervescent tablet and , optionally , packaging the tablet in a moisture - resistant pouch . | 2 |
an electronic telephone book comprises a central processing unit , interface circuitry for coupling the central processing unit to a telephone line and a display comprising output circuitry to output information and control graphics and input circuitry for generating control signals responsive to user interaction with the control graphics . | 7 |
a chain terpene alcohol having the formula ## str1 ## wherein r 1 and r 2 are the same or different and respectively represent hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group is produced by oxidizing a chain unsaturated amine having the formula ## str2 ## wherein r 3 represents an alkyl group and heating the product for a thermal rearrangement to form a chain unsaturated hydroxylamine having the formula ## str3 ## and then reducing the chain unsaturated hydroxylamine with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of iron family elements , copper family elements , oxides thereof and copper chromite . | 2 |
a method and apparatus for identifying a caller who does not provide caller identification on an unanswered call . the caller is asked to record his / her name . if the call is unanswered , the record is retained and can be accessed by the called party when that party requests his / her stored voice mail . advantageously , even on unanswered calls , the identity of the caller can be presented to the called party when that called party requests stored voice mail messages , even if the calling party has private service . | 7 |
We study scalar fields in a black hole background and show that, when the scalar is suitably coupled to curvature, rapid rotation can induce a tachyonic instability. This instability, which is the hallmark of spontaneous scalarization in the linearized regime, is expected to be quenched by nonlinearities and endow the black hole with scalar hair. Hence, our results demonstrate the existence of a broad class of theories that share the same stationary black hole solutions with general relativity at low spins, but which exhibit black hole hair at sufficiently high spins (a /M ≳0.5 ). This result has clear implications for tests of general relativity and the nature of black holes with gravitational and electromagnetic observations. | 9 |
a communication system comprises a first network including a source arranged to transmit data and a second network including a destination arranged to receive the data . interruptions in communication between the source and destination are reduced by providing a first primary node and a first secondary node in the first network , and a second primary node and a second secondary node in the second network . first and second sets of primary routes and secondary routes are provided within the first and second networks to facilitate delivery of data to various nodes . between the first and second networks deliver the first and second sets of the data to the second primary node and the second secondary node . a second set of primary routes within the second network facilitate delivery of at least one of the first and second sets of data to the destination node . a selector within the second network selects one of the first and second sets of data . route selectors select secondary routes in the event that a primary route is disabled .] | 7 |
the present invention relates to nitrile rubber polymers having lower molecular weights and narrower molecular weight distributions than those known in the art . the present invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of said nitrile rubber and the use of said nitrile rubber for the manufacture of shaped articles . | 2 |
a ferroelectric memory device includes : a memory cell having a transistor and a ferroelectric capacitor connected in series between a bit line and a plate line , and a connecting section below the ferroelectric capacitor ; a dummy cell having a transistor , a ferroelectric capacitor and a connecting section , wherein the dummy cell has an electrically disconnected section among the bit line , the transistor , the ferroelectric capacitor , the connecting section and the plate line . | 6 |
an axle housing has a longitudinal pivotal connection to the frame enabling it to rock about an axis extending generally longitudinally of the direction of movement of the vehicle . one of the fore and aft sides of the axle housing has a transverse pivotal connection to the frame enabling the axle housing to tilt up and down , in addition to rocking about the longitudinal pivotal connection . spring means support the frame at the opposite side of the axle housing . the combination of rocking about the longitudinal pivotal connection , and up and down tilting about the transverse pivotal connection , absorbs shocks due to irregularities in the track or ground . the invention is applicable to non - railway vehicles , as well as the railway - type vehicles shown . | 1 |
in a lateral bipolar transistor and a method for producing the same , an emitter layer and a collector layer are disposed on a structured dielectric layer . the structured dielectric layer is located in a plane of a base layer and is interrupted by the base layer in such a way that between the base layer and portions of the structured dielectric layer , the base layer is contacted on one side by the emitter layer and on the opposite side by the collector layer . | 7 |
in an oxygen concentrator which is intended for aircraft use , a booster compressor is used to increase the pressure of the product gas from the concentrator in order to increase the amount of the gas which can be stored in a plenum . the booster includes two moving pistons which are rigidly linked together and a series of check valves which control the flow of gases through the compressor . one of the pistons is driven by air from the rotary valve in the concentrator , and the other piston compresses the product gas for delivery to the plenum . a small sample of concentrator product gas is monitored by an oxygen sensor for oxygen concentration . once the oxygen concentration has reached an acceptable level the booster compressor fills the plenum with product gas . thereafter , if oxygen concentration of product gas delivered to the crew from the concentrator falls below the concentration which is required at a particular altitude , the product gas stored in the plenum is delivered to the crew . the oxygen sensor monitors the concentrator output product gas to the breathing regulator when the stored plenum gas is not being used . | 0 |
in the disclosed reproducing apparatus a detector detects that a reproducing head is properly positioned relative to selected one of recording tracks on the recording medium and a control responsive to the detecting means enables an output arrangement to put out an information signal reproduced by the head when the detector detects that the head is properly positioned relative to the selected track . this allows a display device to display the reproduced information when the head is properly positioned relative to the selected track . | 6 |
a sealing structure including a packing for sealing a sliding part of a valve , such as a rotary or reciprocating valve . the sealing structure is used for connecting together devices having a pressure differential between them and in particular for devices conveying powder particles . the packing of the sealing structure is formed by jointing together a member having a solid lubricating property and a member of substantial mechanical strength . | 1 |
the suspended urinary external drainage system includes a liquid barrier with a periphery attached to a collector , with a tubular cross section , that encircles the barrier . a plurality of capillary tubes pass through a wall of the collector . each of the plurality of capillary tubes has a capillary inlet adjacent to the liquid barrier and a capillary discharge inside the collector . a soft lining covers the capillary tubes . discharge tubes connected to the collector carry urine to a holding bag . | 0 |
a curtain airbag system for an automotive vehicle is disclosed . the system includes a curtain module substantially embedded in the roof rail in its normal , non - inflated state . the module includes an inflatable curtain attached to an inflator . the inflatable curtain has a forward portion . an elongated and inflatable extension is attached to the forward portion of the curtain . when the curtain is inflated in an impact event the elongated and inflatable extension extends from the curtain and at least partially overlaps the a - pillar and at least part of the grab handle . the elongated and inflatable extension is a first extension and extends from the forward portion of said curtain . the inflatable curtain may include a second , triangular - shaped extension extendable from the forward portion of the curtain when the curtain is inflated . | 1 |
a new differential technique for forming optical images using a synthetic aperture is introduced . this differential technique utilizes a single aperture to obtain unique phases that can be processed to produce a synthetic aperture image at points along a trajectory . this is accomplished by dividing the aperture into two equal “ subapertures ”, each having a width that is less than the actual aperture , along the direction of flight . as the platform flies along a given trajectory , a source illuminates objects and the two subapertures are configured to collect return signals . the techniques of the invention is designed to cancel common - mode errors , trajectory deviations from a straight line , and laser phase noise to provide the set of resultant phases that can produce an image having a spatial resolution corresponding to a synthetic aperture . | 6 |
Version 1.0 was created internally couple years back so we are now targetting version 1.1 for official release. TODO list for version 1.1 (some items are aspirational) finish and cleanup documentation merge surface hopping refactor to master finish new MOLPRO interface use overlaps from TC intelligently for monitoring simple overlaps from MOLPRO? adaptive time-step (probably not for this release) make PIGLET work (or verify that it is working...) make normal modes with NHC thermostat and PIMD working verify correctness of ab initio MTS integrator ala Marsalek This pre-release was created to obtain citable DOI via Zenodo. | 9 |
in several embodiments of the present invention , an alternator is disclosed . the alternator includes a rotor having both wound - field and permanent magnet poles . the wound - field and permanent magnet poles are disposed about the circumference of the rotor . | 7 |
the present invention involves a game of chance based on the principles of rummy . an electronic gaming machine is programmed to display an initial seven card hand to the player . the player selects which of the initial seven cards to hold and which to discard . replacement cards are displayed for the cards which have been discarded and the combinations created by the resulting seven card hand are compared against a payout table to determine which winning payoffs , if any , are received by the player . preferred winning combinations are seven , six , five and four card runs , four and three card groups and the combination of three or four card runs and three or four card groups . | 6 |
a system for use with firearms which permits the ready exchange of barrels on a single action and stock assembly . the barrels may be quickly and easily exchanged under field conditions using a single simple tool and without removing the action and receiver from the firearm stock . barrels of different calibers may be used on a single firearm leading to greater versatility . the system relies on a pinch lug or clamp attached to the receiver which will draw all barrels onto the receiver and into invariable coaxial alignment with the receiver and action thus insuring the bullet will always have the same trajectory . | 5 |
presented herein are system , method , and apparatus for an audio decoding accelerator . in one embodiment , there is presented an audio decoder for decoding audio data . the audio decoder comprises a controller and a computation engine . the controller receives the audio data , and provides parameters , where the parameters are associated with the audio data . the computation engine calculates at least one of a plurality of predetermined functions for said parameters . | 6 |
a support device for implanting a stentless heart valve prosthesis having three leaflets adapted for coapting and defining three corresponding commissures is disclosed . the support device includes a shaft defining a manipulation axis , the shaft having a proximal portion and a distal portion , and three support formations integrally formed and extending from the proximal end of the shaft , the support formations angularly distributed about the manipulation axis of the shaft , such that each of the support formations correspond to locations of each of the commissures of the stentless heart valve prosthesis . the shaft includes a connection portion flexibly connecting the shaft and the support formations to permit a displacement of the manipulation axis with respect to the support formations . the shaft , the plurality of support formations and the connection portion are integrally formed from a single tubular element . | 0 |
an integrated computerized sales system for destination events includes a member user interface hosted by an application service provider and accessible to a plurality of independent service providers that are members of a convention visitor bureau organization . members periodically log into the mui to review information on a request for proposal from a potential destination event organizer . the mui includes a tentative response booking agreement electronic form to be completed by a member for any services responsive to the rfp that the member is willing to make available . a projected service availability database automatically incorporates information from the trba and is accessible only by the cvb . the projected service availability database is reviewed by the cvb in order to prepare a response to the rfp that includes information about services from members of the cvb that is then communicated to the potential destination event organizer . | 6 |
a dental composition and method for bleaching vital and non - vital teeth , comprising a preselected , concentrated , aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and a nonaqueous component mixed to form an aqueous gel or paste , with the nonaqueous component including an inert silica gelling agent , an accelerator , a plasticizer and thickening agent , and means for establishing a substantially fixed time period for treating the teeth in response to the application of optical energy . a redox color indicator is used to transform from one color to another over the fixed time period to provide a visual indication that the treatment is completed , as well as an indication that the peroxide solution was active . | 0 |
a sanding wheel is provided having easily removable and replaceable contoured abrasive strips enabling use of the sanding wheel to sand workpieces of different contours accurately without replacement of the complete sanding wheel . | 1 |
a tool for use with a basket assembly is provided . the basket assembly is of the type configured for being receivably engaged with an opening defined in a drain cover skirt for covering the perimeter of a floor drain . the tool is configured for engaging the basket assembly and removing the basket assembly from the drain cover skirt upon force input from a user . | 8 |
a vehicle chassis system control for use in a vehicle with a first suspension that induces a phase shift on body motion components of wheel speed sensor signals from a first set of wheel speed sensors connected to a first set of wheels mounted to the first suspension , comprising the steps of : sensing first rotational velocities of the first set of wheels using the first set of wheel speed sensors ; sensing second rotational velocities of a second set of wheels mounted to a second suspension using a second set of wheel speed sensors ; estimating at least one modal velocity of a body of the vehicle responsive to the first and second rotational velocities , wherein the step of estimating comprises the sub - steps of : imposing a relative phase shift between the first and second rotational velocities to compensate for the phase shift induced by the first suspension , transforming the relative phase shifted first and second rotational velocities to a signal indicative of a modal velocity of the body of the vehicle using a comer to body modal transform , and filtering at least one member of a set comprising the first and second rotational velocities and the signal indicative of the modal velocity of the body of the vehicle , to isolate body frequency components of said at least one member ; determining a chassis system control command responsive to the estimation ; and applying the chassis system control command to a chassis system actuator to control the chassis system responsive to the estimation . | 1 |
an amido alkanolamine composition obtained by reacting , at a temperature of 10 ° c .- 200 ° c . : a 4 - alkyl - 2 - morpholinone represented by the formula : ## str1 ## in which r represents a monovalent aliphatic radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms , and an alkylphenoxypolyoxyalkylene amine represented by the formula : ## str2 ## in which r &# 39 ; represents a hydrocarbyl radical having from 4 to 30 carbon atoms , x has a value from 5 to 50 , and r &# 34 ; represents a methyl radical or a mixture of hydrogen and methyl radicals is provided . | 2 |
a method of influencing a liquid in ground by forming a liquid circulation in ground comprises a shaft arranged in ground and extending to a desired liquid region , a pump arranged in the shaft for producing a liquid circulation , the pump having a feeding power selected so that in a shaft surrounding a liquid peak located above a normal liquid level is produced . | 4 |
an apparatus and method are provided for precisely isolating a target lesion in a patient &# 39 ; s body tissue , resulting in a high likelihood of “ clean ” margins about the lesion when it is removed for diagnosis and / or therapy . this approach advantageously will often result in the ability to both diagnose and treat a malignant lesion with only a single percutaneous procedure , with no follow - up percutaneous or surgical procedure required , while minimizing the risk of migration of possibly cancerous cells from the lesion to surrounding tissue or the bloodstream . in particular , the apparatus comprises a biopsy instrument having a distal end adapted for entry into the patient &# 39 ; s body , a longitudinal shaft , and a cutting element disposed along the shaft . the cutting element is actuatable between a radially retracted position and a radially extended position . advantageously , the instrument is rotatable about its axis in the radially extended position to isolate a desired tissue specimen from surrounding tissue by defining a peripheral margin about the tissue specimen . once the tissue specimen is isolated , it may be segmented by further manipulation of the cutting element , after which the tissue segments are preferably individually removed from the patient &# 39 ; s body through a cannula or the like . alternatively , the specimen may be encapsulated and removed as an intact piece . | 0 |
a baby stroller for transporting a child is disclosed . this baby stroller has a folding mechanism to facilitate folding for easier stowing and transporting . the folding mechanism , a unique feature of the design is directed toward compactness , ease of use , reliability , and reduction in manufacturing costs . | 8 |
devices and methods for manipulating devices such as micro - scale devices are provided . the devices can include a tether of various materials surrounded by a stiff body . the tether interfaces with microscale devices to draw them against the stiff body , holding the microscale devices in a locked position for insertion into or extraction out of tissue . the tensional hook and stiff body are configurable in a multitude of positions and geometries to provide increased engagement . such configurations allow for a range of implantation and extraction surgical procedures for the device within research and clinical settings . | 0 |
process comprising heating a dioxole at 100 °- 400 ° c . for a sufficient time to convert the dioxole to an epoxide , for example , bis - 2 , 2 - trifluoromethyl - 4 , 5 - difluoro - 1 , 3 - dioxole to 2 , 3 - epoxy - 3 - trifluoromethyl - 4 - trifluorobutyryl fluoride . | 2 |
a water - based , alcohol - free , skin sanitizing and wound healing solution with a natural skin softener , where the nature of the biocidal enhancer used in the process of making the solution significantly increases efficacy while simultaneously enabling much more economical manufacturing , processing and transportation of the product . as the present solution is water - based , no further moisturizing additives are required , and those with sensitive skin , diabetes , allergies or religious beliefs are able to use the product without concern . | 0 |
according to embodiments of the invention , a submersible pump cable includes a conductive air line that is configured to transport both an electrical current and pressurized air . | 7 |
the present invention concerns neutral sugar derivatives of pradimicins , their use as antifungal agents , methods for their preparation , and intermediates for their synthesis . | 2 |
without using additional probing packets , estimates of the narrow link bandwidth and available bandwidth of a network path are computed based on existing traffic . the network can be of different types such as a wireless battlefield network context or a wired or wireless commercial network environment . “ fast packets ”, i . e . those packets which do not experience any queuing delay in the network , are identified . fast packets are identified to resolve end - to - end packet delay into its constituent components , estimate path utilization and eliminate the uncertainty that causes the prior art method to lose its effectiveness . an estimation algorithm computes end - to - end transmission delay and end - to - end deterministic delay of fast packets traveling along a path in a network . examples of deterministic delay include satellite propagation delays and clock effects . then , based on the results of the fast packet identifying algorithm , two logic branches are followed . a first branch calculates utilization and a second branch calculates narrow link bandwidth . the narrow link bandwidth is determined from the packet pair dispersion . the available bandwidth is obtained from the narrow link bandwidth and the utilization . estimation of available bandwidth for an end - to - end network path allows traffic sources to judiciously regulate the volume of application traffic injected into the network . | 7 |
the invention encompasses methods of forming dram constructions , methods of forming capacitor constructions , dram constructions , and capacitor constructions . the invention includes a method in which a ) a first layer is formed over a node location ; b ) a semiconductive material masking layer is formed over the first layer ; c ) an opening is formed through the semiconductive material masking layer and the first layer to the node location ; d ) an upwardly open capacitor storage node layer is formed within the opening ; e ) a storage node is formed from the masking layer and the storage node layer ; and f ) a capacitor dielectric layer and a capacitor plate are formed over the storage node . the invention also includes a capacitor structure comprising : a ) an insulative layer over a substrate ; b ) a polysilicon layer over the insulative layer ; c ) an opening extending through the polysilicon layer and the insulative layer to a node , the opening comprising an upper portion and a lower portion , the upper portion comprising a first minimum cross - sectional dimension and the lower portion comprising a second minimum cross - sectional dimension which is narrower than the first minimum cross - sectional dimension , the opening further comprising a step at an interface of the upper and lower portions ; d ) a spacer over the step ; e ) a storage node layer over the spacer , polysilicon layer and the node ; and f ) a dielectric layer and a cell plate layer capacitively coupled to the storage node layer . | 7 |
<BR /> Aims: We analyze the white dwarf population in miniJPAS, the first square degree observed with 56 medium-band, 145 Å in width optical filters by the Javalambre Physics of the accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS), to provide a data-based forecast for the white dwarf science with low-resolution (R ∼ 50) photo-spectra. <BR /> Methods: We define the sample of the bluest point-like sources in miniJPAS with r < 21.5 mag, a point-like probability larger than 0.5, (u − r)< 0.80 mag, and (g − i)< 0.25 mag. This sample comprises 33 sources with spectroscopic information: 11 white dwarfs and 22 quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). We estimate the effective temperature (T<SUB>eff</SUB>), the surface gravity, and the composition of the white dwarf population by a Bayesian fitting to the observed photo-spectra. <BR /> Results: The miniJPAS data are sensitive to the Balmer series and the presence of polluting metals. Our results, combined with those from the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) which has a lower spectral resolution but has already observed thousands of white dwarfs, suggest that J-PAS photometry would permit - down to r ∼ 21.5 mag and at least for sources with 7000 < T<SUB>eff</SUB> < 22 000 K - both the classification of the observed white dwarfs into H-dominated and He-dominated with 99% confidence and the detection of calcium absorption for equivalent widths larger than 15 Å. The effective temperature is estimated with a 2% uncertainty, which is close to the 1% from spectroscopy. A precise estimation of the surface gravity depends on the available parallax information. In addition, the white dwarf population at T<SUB>eff</SUB> > 7000 K can be segregated from the bluest extragalactic QSOs, providing a clean sample based on optical photometry alone. <BR /> Conclusions: The J-PAS low-resolution photo-spectra would produce precise effective temperatures and atmospheric compositions for white dwarfs, complementing the data from Gaia. J-PAS will also detect and characterize new white dwarfs beyond the Gaia magnitude limit, providing faint candidates for spectroscopic follow-up. | 9 |
alpha particles are directed and focused onto a delta - ray cathode target , where an alpha fusion reaction is generated . delta radiation or high - energy secondary electrons are generated from the said alpha reaction . the cathode also becomes thermally active generating thermionic electrons . the electrons flow in the direction of an anode that absorbs their energy , generating electrical current in one direction , known in the electrical field as direct current . | 6 |
an elevator car is guided vertically by diagonally arranged guide rails . | 1 |
a tool used in manufacturing circuit board holders from sheets of material has a working face for forming embossments on the sheets by repetitively striking the sheets therewith . the working face includes an h - shaped formation for forming two separate halves of an embossment on the sheet of material with one strike , of which , of the two separate halves , one is delimited by the upper parallel lines of the h and the other is delimited by the lower parallel lines of the h . in a method using such tool , the sheet of material is struck once with the tool , the working face of the tool is moved relative to the sheet in a direction of the parallel lines of the h by a predetermined distance , and the sheet material is again struck with the working face of the tool so that an embossment is formed on the sheet which is delimited by a pattern left on the sheet of material by the parallel lines of the h pointing in one direction at the first strike and by a pattern left on the sheet of material by the parallel lines of the h pointing in the other direction at the second strike . | 8 |
the invention consists in inserting a code in an appropriate e - mail message type to automatically generate a request over a communication network as soon as the message is displayed by its recipient . the request consists in recalling a uniquely named file , or a page whose parameter is a unique code on a certain server . this file name or unique code corresponds to a previously created record . then , the system may select this record and send its issuer a notice that the corresponding message was actually displayed by the recipient . | 7 |
precision in thermotherapy is obtained by providing a reverse gelling polymer composition which gels when its temperature is raised above body temperature . the composition is injected into the blood supply of the tissue being treated , at the beginning of thermotherapy . the temperature increase caused by the heating gels the composition , which temporarily blocks the flow of blood in the region being treated . this improves the predictability and stability of treatment . on cessation of heating , the composition liquefies , removing the temporary embolization . the use of local heating can also expedite removal of tumors and the like from soft organs , even when the heating itself has no therapeutic effect . | 0 |
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