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Kratos Multiphysics (A.K.A Kratos) is a framework for building parallel multi-disciplinary simulation software. Modularity, extensibility and HPC are the main objectives. Kratos has BSD license and is written in C++ with extensive Python interface. | 9 |
Andres et al, 2020 | 9 |
a locally dimmed display has a spatial light modulator illuminated by a light source . the spatial light modulator is illuminated with a low resolution version of a desired image . the illumination may comprise a series of lighting elements that vary smoothly from one element to another at the spatial light modulator . | 6 |
a method and apparatus for providing positive fixation of medical components to a portion of pericardial tissue via both vacuum - and / or mechanically - assisted means . a source of vacuum couples via a lumen to a recessed portion of a body structure deployed into the pericardial space . the recessed portion is adapted to form a seal around its periphery with adjacent pericardial tissue so that when the recessed portion is evacuated , the tissue is drawn into the recessed portion . then , a sharpened instrument , such as a stylet , is deployed through the lumen and pierces the tissue , thus anchoring the body structure . a source of fluid may also be included for delivery to the pericardial space . | 0 |
a fluid content monitor including a cuvette , a colorimeter adapted to generate a signal indicative of contents of a fluid sample contained in the cuvette , a container for holding a reagent , and a pump assembly for delivering reagent from the container to the cuvette . the pump assembly includes a tube extending from the container to the cuvette , check valves preventing reverse flow in the tube , and a hammer driven by a solenoid for repetitively compressing the tube to pump reagent to the cuvette . the cuvette can be removed for cleaning and replacement . | 8 |
Rampy is a Python library that aims at helping processing spectroscopic data, such as Raman, Infrared or XAS spectra. It offers, for instance, functions to subtract baselines as well as to stack, resample or smooth spectra. It aims at facilitating the use of Python in processing spectroscopic data. It integrates within a workflow that uses Numpy/Scipy as well as optimisation libraries such as lmfit or emcee, for instance. | 9 |
a drilling apparatus , in which a hole and an insertion hole for a drilling rod are formed at a drilling position of a table and at a sheet pressing member capable of approaching or leaving a surface of the table , respectively , the drilling rod made of metal , capable of rotating at high speeds and reciprocating vertically are inserted through the both holes , the drilling rod has smooth peripheral and front end faces composed of at least part of a circular section having no blade , and a predetermined clearance is provided between the diameters of the hole and the insertion hole and the diameter of the drilling rod , whereby by pressing the drilling rod rotating at high speeds to the sheet , a sheet material is melted by frictional heat so that a beautiful hole is formed . | 7 |
a fuel assembly is charged in a reactor core of a nuclear reactor using a liquid metal as a coolant , and includes a wrapper tube storing a plurality of fuel pins and including an entrance nozzle for introducing the coolant and an operation handling head , grids disposed in the wrapper tube to support the fuel pins in the radial direction of the wrapper tube , liner tubes inserted in the wrapper tube to fixedly hold the respective grids in the axial direction of the wrapper tube , and a fixing device for fixing the grids and the liner tubes in the radial direction of the wrapper tube . | 8 |
piezoelectric resonator comprising a sealed box in which a vacuum has been formed or into which has been introduced a residual gas , within said box a piezoelectric crystal having first and second main opposite faces , a first metal electrode deposited on the first main face of the crystal and a second metal electrode deposited on the second main and opposite faces of the crystal , a first conductor connected to the first electrode and extending outside the box , a second conductor connected to the second electrode and extending outside the box and means for maintaining the crystal within the box , wherein the piezoelectric crystal comprises a central portion and a peripheral portion forming a ring which spacedly surrounds the central portion and connected to said central portion by an intermediate portion which over at least part of the distance between the central portion and the peripheral portion has a reduced thickness compared with the thickness of said central and peripheral portions wherein the first and second electrodes are deposited on one of said central and peripheral portions which then constitutes the active part of the crystal , while the other portion which does not carry electrodes is immobilized in the box by retaining means which act in localized zones , the intermediate portion of the crystal and said immobilized portion constituting the suspension means for the active part of the crystal . | 7 |
epoxy resin compositions are disclosed which are the reaction products resulting from reacting the reaction product of a cyanuric halide and at least one dihydric or polyhydric phenol with at least one dihydric or polyhydric phenol and at least one epoxy resin having an average of more than one epoxy group per molecule . these epoxy resin compositions are suitable for use as electrical laminates , structural laminates , coatings , castings , electrical encapsulation and the like . | 2 |
the invention relates to a method for automatically teaching parameters to a tray sealer , for example , position values , acceleration values and / or distances . | 1 |
a rate responsive pacer which paces the heart at a rate dependent on detected variations in the stroke volume of the heart . | 0 |
to provide a tube which is particularly well matched to the specific demands imposed in special application areas , such as for example hydropyrolysis , the invention proposes a composite tube having a first part - tube and a second part - tube , in which — one part - tube is arranged in the other part - tube ,— the first part - tube is a centrifugally cast tube , and — the second part - tube has been produced by pressure treatment from a powder . | 5 |
a method of forming an electric signal wherein the signal level corresponding to the selected color in the original indicates the maximum or minimum value . the original is exposed to the light and the reflected light is introduced into a photoelectric converting means through two different paths , each of which has a filter corresponding to a different selected color . these two signals are multiplied by a predetermined ratio , and are combined to obtain the final image signal . | 7 |
a fabricating jig for building components is disclosed , including a horizontal frame , a pair of longitudinally extending stop plates connected with the frame for relative transverse parallel displacement toward and away from each other , and a device for displacing the stop plates together , whereby structural components arranged therebetween are pressed together and are held firmly in place during the fastening of the components to form a building unit . stud supports are connected with the frame between the plates for supporting structural components that extend transversely between longitudinal components which are in contiguous engagement with the stop plates , respectively . preferably the stud supports are longitudinally adjustable relative to the frame . an elevating device may be provided for raising the assembled building unit from the frame . | 1 |
a vacuum cleaner includes a housing adapted for movement on a subjacent surface and a nozzle defined in the housing , the nozzle having an opening . a brushroll tube , having first and second ends and a longitudinal axis , is rotatably mounted to the housing adjacent the nozzle opening . at least one cleaning element protrudes from the brushroll tube . a shaft is located in the brushroll tube and extends along the longitudinal axis thereof . a stator is rigidly mounted on the shaft . a cylinder surrounds the shaft and the stator and is spaced therefrom . the cylinder is rigidly connected to the brushroll tube . a permanent magnet rotor is fixedly mounted to an interior surface of the cylinder . the permanent magnet rotor overlies and is coaxial with the stator and is spaced therefrom . the rotor and stator form a motor for rotating the brushroll tube wherein the rotor is driven by changes in induced magnetic fields in the stator . | 7 |
the invention relates to a modular drug delivery system , comprising a reservoir unit and a control unit in combination with at least one further reservoir or control unit , whereby each combination of a reservoir unit and a control provides different capabilities . more specifically , the present invention provides a system for delivering a drug to a user , comprising a reservoir unit , a control unit , and at least one further reservoir unit or control unit , wherein each reservoir unit is adapted to receive at least one command from a control unit and perform an action in response thereto , and comprises a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid drug and includes , in a situation of use , associated outlet means . the system further comprises expelling means for expelling a drug out of the reservoir through the outlet means . each control unit comprises control means providing one or more commands for controlling the operation of a reservoir unit , wherein each combination of a reservoir unit and a control unit is adapted to provide a system with different capabilities . | 0 |
a plurality of radiation receiving elements disposed outside a pipe at equal distances from the axis thereof so that radiation from a radiation source is received through the pipe wall . as the thickness of the pipe wall varies , the received radiation varies accordingly . if the received radiation fluctuates in excess of the allowable range , the thickness of the pipe wall is judged to be outside the allowable range . when the fluctuation of the received radiation is within the allowable range , the thickness of the pipe wall is within the preset tolerances . | 6 |
a sheet supply device includes a sheet storing section on which sheets are stacked and are stored ; a sheet feed unit controlled by a controller that feeds the sheets stored in the sheet storing section to a next process ; and an air blower controlled by the controller that blows air to the sheets stored in the sheet storing section , the air blower has an air nozzle and a shutter that can adjust an area of the air nozzle , and the shutter increases or decreases the air flow rate of the air being blown to the sheets , wherein a force provided by the air blower to push up the sheets is exerted on the sheets , such that a less force is exerted when the sheets are being fed compared to when the sheets are not being fed . | 1 |
This release is done for the submission of the code to the Journal. | 9 |
image browsing through memory - stored items , such as a library of images or desktop windows , is efficiently performed by arranging images in partially overlapping fashion and generating a second - level image for each overlapped image that is contacted by a user - manipulated cursor . the second - level image is a “ transitory ” image , since it is removed as soon as the cursor is displaced from the corresponding first - level image . thus , by placing the first - level images in a diagonally extending stack , straight line movement of the cursor will initiate a sequential presentation of transitory images for the images in the stack . in one embodiment , the display also includes an incrementing icon and a decrementing icon that are employed to provide substitute stacks . moreover , a third - level image is formed in a separate window when the user selects one of the images from the stack . this third - level image has more permanency , since it remains in the display window after the stack has been substituted . the images may be digital photographs , but other applications are contemplated . | 6 |
a sheet material to be saturated with a fast - reacting saturant , approximately one minute at room temperature , passes under a trough positioned across the travelling web and having a longitudinal slot through its bottom . a threaded rod having a diameter larger than the slot width is laid over the slot in the trough . the fast - reacting saturant is supplied to a traversing dispensing device located above the trough . this traversing device dispenses the saturant into the trough . the threaded rod co - acts with the slot in the bottom of the trough to meter the amount of fast - reacting saturant flowing through the trough and onto the sheet material moving under and contacting the bottom of the trough . | 1 |
provided is a navigation system capable of outputting situation information of a specified area according to real - time traffic information including a traffic regulation . a navigation apparatus can make a user recognize the moment when a vehicle enters a specified area where a situation which affects the travel of the vehicle along a navigation route is generated and the situation ) indicating the situation by using an icon indicating an entry position and having a design decided according to the situation information ). the navigation apparatus also can advice the user to instruct the navigation apparatus to perform an appropriate countermeasure in accordance with the situation such as re - search of the navigation route or detour from the navigation route being outputted . | 6 |
a mercury - free metal halide high pressure discharge lamp having a transparent and gastight sealed discharge vessel and two electrodes which protrude into the discharge vessel and are arranged in the discharge vessel opposite one another , with the discharge vessel being filled with a lamp filling which has : at least one noble gas , at least the elements of iron and zinc , as well as at least one halide , with the halide comprising bromide , and with the percentage of the bromide being at least 14 mole percent of the total halogen quantity and the following relationship applying to the ratio of molar density of zinc d in μmol / cm 3 and electric field strength e in v / cm between the electrodes : 0 . 005 ≦ d / e ≦ 0 . 200 . | 7 |
roughly described , a first radio is configured to operate according to a first protocol and configured to use a coexistence signaling scheme with a second radio configured to operate according to a second protocol , wherein the coexistence signaling scheme is configured to allow a radio configured to operate according to the second protocol to be co - located and non - interfering with a radio configured to operate according to a protocol different to the first protocol , and wherein the first radio comprises behavioral logic for generating messages for the second radio in accordance with the coexistence signaling scheme to cause the second radio to adopt behavior suitable for coexistence with the first radio . | 7 |
a sternal retractor for use in internal mammary artery dissection comprises a rack bar having fixed and movable spreader arms , the blade - carrying parts of which are rotatable to , and lockable in , several discrete positions . the blades are carried by slides on the spreader arms , and are pivotable about two mutually perpendicular axes which are also perpendicular to the arms , but restrained against rotation about axes extending lengthwise of the arms . one of the slides disclosed is provided with an undercut slot to receive a post for mounting auxiliary retractors . this makes the retractor especially useful for various operation in addition to internal mammary artery dissection . | 0 |
apparatus for synchronizing a clock signal to a pulse comprises a clock signal generator for generating a first clock signal having a frequency equal to that of a desired clock signal . a delay circuit to which the first clock signal is fed generates a number of time delayed versions of the first clock signal , each time delay being less than the period of the first clock signals . logic compares the time delayed versions of the first clock signal and the original clock signal at the time of occurrence of the pulse and selects as the desired clock signal , a version of the first clock signal which has changed state close to the time of occurence of the pulse . | 7 |
in one of its aspects , the invention provides a catheter of a selected length , and having a main body of a first cross - section and a tip section of smaller cross - section , the tip section being formed integrally with the main body from a catheter blank having a length less than the selected length . also , in another of its aspects , the invention provides a method of making a catheter tip on a main body of thermoplastic synthethic plastics material and having a first cross - section . a progressive forming technique is used to reduce the cross - section of the body to create a tip section of smaller cross - section . | 1 |
a motor drive ground fault detection device operates by computing the total rms voltage of all the phases , and comparing the total rms voltage to a threshold to determine if a ground fault has occurred . | 7 |
PCR-GLOBWB (PCRaster Global Water Balance) is a large-scale hydrological model intended for global to regional studies and developed at the Department of Physical Geography, Utrecht University (Netherlands). Contact: Edwin Sutanudjaja ([email protected]) | 9 |
an integrated circuit package has a conductive ring surrounding the integrated circuit substrate and optionally , over the integrated circuit itself , and wires connected between selected chip pads and adjacent portions of the surrounding ring , the surrounding ring being connected to only one of a plurality of external conductive pins of the chip package , the remainder of the external pins being connected to other selected chip pads . | 7 |
the present invention relates to training aids for baseball including a truncated and hinged bat - like device comprised of a first handle portion hinged to a barrel portion so that swinging the device grooves and fortifies a motion consistent with a pro batting swing , and variations thereof . | 0 |
an improved interposer punch apparatus including a plurality of elongated punch elements , a head slidably supporting the punch elements , means to urge the punch elements in an extended position , a stripper plate , and a base for supporting a substrate to be punched with apertures for receiving the lower ends of the punch elements , the imrovement being a means in said base for forcibly displacing slugs of material punched from a substrate from the ends of the punch elements following a punching operation . | 8 |
a deplitory device for the removal of unwanted hair . the deplitory device includes a heatable tweezer having an upper portion containing wax that is dispensable onto a user &# 39 ; s hair , allowing the user to utilize the tweezer to remove the cured wax thereby removing the hair from its follicle . | 0 |
an apparatus for supporting injection mixing work comprises a memory for storing data for supporting injection mixing work , a display for displaying the data stored in the memory and a controller for controlling the display . the memory has a patient predictability data file for storing patient predictability data including at least patient predictable information , an injection prescription data file for storing injection prescription data corresponding to the patient predictability data , and a combination related data file for storing combination related data corresponding to each injection of the injection prescription data . the controller displays the predictability data stored in the patient predictability data file according to both the injection prescription data corresponding to the patient predictability data and the combination related data of each injection included in the injection prescription data . | 0 |
a method for sizing server farms and developing an metafarm which allocates the optimum number of users to each server farm in the complex while also providing an optimized configuration of server farms having a desired availability level and suitable redundancy to fulfill the requirements and needs in a customer &# 39 ; s enterprise . | 6 |
a motor - vehicle accessory having a pivotal element that can pivot about an axis on a generally fixed support element is provided with a mechanism having an extension on one of the elements offset from the axis and projecting angularly of the axis and a brake on the other of the elements . this brake has a pair of brake shoes flanking the extension and shiftable between a clamping position gripping the element and preventing movement of the element relative to the brake in at least one angular direction and a release position permitting movement of the element relative to the brake both in and against the one direction . | 1 |
a pixel modulation apparatus for converting pixel data d composed of n 1 bits to a pixel data signal composed of one bit . the pixel data d is input into the apparatus at a pixel period t 0 . the apparatus includes a first data conversion unit which converts the pixel data d to pixel data d 1 expanded to n 2 bits at the period t 0 , a second data conversion unit which converts the pixel data d 1 to pixel data d 2 composed of n 3 / m bits at a period t 0 / m , a third data conversion unit which inputs n data from among the pixel data d 2 and pixel data dd 2 constituting the pixel data d 2 before having the period t 0 / m to execute logical sum operations a predetermined number of times to convert the n data to pixel data d 3 composed of n 3 bits , including additional data corresponding to the predetermined number , and a fourth data conversion unit which converts the pixel data d 3 to the pixel data signal composed of one bit at the period t 0 / m . | 7 |
a combination mechanical and electronic lock system for use in cuffs and various other locking applications is disclosed . in the preferred embodiment , the lock is configured to receive a matching key that transmits a code that disengages the electronic lock from the mechanical lock so that the mechanical lock can be manually opened by the user . when implemented in a handcuff , for example , the mechanical lock includes a single lock mechanism and a double lock mechanism ; and at least one electronic lock configured to selectively unlock at least a portion of the mechanical lock upon receipt of the proper digital code from the cuff key . the power needed to operate the electronic lock , preferably a solenoid or other actuator , is received directly or indirectly from the cuff key so that the cuff need not possess a battery . | 8 |
Spicules, the smallest observable jetlike dynamic features ubiquitous in the chromosphere, are supposedly an important potential source for small-scale solar wind transients, with supporting evidence yet needed. We studied the high-resolution Hα images (0.″10) and magnetograms (0.″29) from the Big Bear Solar Observatory to find that spicules are an ideal candidate for the solar wind magnetic switchbacks detected by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP). It is not that spicules are a miniature of coronal jets, but that they have unique properties not found in other solar candidates in explaining solar origin of switchbacks. (1) The spicules under this study originate from filigrees, all in a single magnetic polarity. Since filigrees are known as footpoints of open fields, the spicule guiding field lines can form a unipolar funnel, which is needed to create an SB patch, a group of field lines that switch from one common base polarity to the other polarity. (2) The spicules come in a cluster lined up along a supergranulation boundary, and the simulated waiting times from their spatial intervals exhibit a number distribution continuously decreasing from a few seconds to ∼30 minutes, similar to that of switchbacks. (3) From a time–distance map for spicules, we estimate their occurrence rate as 0.55 spicules Mm<SUP>‑2</SUP> s<SUP>‑1</SUP>, which is sufficiently high for detection by PSP. In addition, the dissimilarity of spicules with coronal jets, including the absence of base brightening and low correlation with EUV emission, is briefly discussed. | 9 |
a stress liner having first and second stress type is provided over a first type and a second type transistor to improve reliability and performance without incurring area penalties or layout deficiencies . | 7 |
Cleaned up version of code used to generate results in article. | 9 |
a greensmower having a cutting reel and a traction member and an independent electric circuit and motor for driving each . a handle is attached to the reel for mower guidance by an operator in a walk - behind position . separate electric controls are connected to each motor for separate speeds for each motor and thereby control the clip rate of the mowing . there are low battery power read - outs and automatic shutoffs . provision is made for traction powering of the mower even when the reel motor is not operating because of low battery power . a lift - out battery pack is shiftably mounted on the mower for producing the desired force of the mower on the ground . | 0 |
a versatile barrier within a vehicle improves safety while transporting pets . the versatility of the barrier applies to both its positioning and orientation within a single vehicle and its utilization in different types of vehicles . the barrier can be utilized vertically or horizontally , or some combination thereof , to confine a pet to an area in the vehicle away from the driver . multiple attachment points allow the barrier to be adjusted to the shape necessary to create such separation . the multiple attachment points — on the barrier &# 39 ; s perimeter and / or interior — create versatility and adjustability with respect to utilizing the barrier in various types of vehicles and creating multiple possible configurations within a single vehicle . similarly , the combination of possible materials used for modes of attachment creates a barrier that can be utilized not only in various types of vehicles but also in multiple configurations within a single vehicle . | 0 |
The head-tail (HT) morphology of radio galaxies is seen for a class of radio sources where the primary lobes are being bent in the intercluster weather due to strong interactions between the radio jets and their respective intracluster medium. A systematic search has been carried out for new HT radio galaxies from the Very Large Array Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters survey database at 1400 MHz. Here, we present a catalog of 717 new HT sources, among which 287 are narrow-angle tail (NAT) sources whose opening angle between the two lobes is less than 90°, and 430 are wide-angle tail (WAT) whose the opening angle between the two lobes is greater than 90°. NAT radio sources are characterized by tails bent in a narrow "V"-like shape; the jet bending in the case of WAT radio galaxies are such that the WATs exhibit wide "C"-like morphologies. Optical counterparts are found for 359 HT sources. We report HT sources with luminosity ranges 10<SUP>38</SUP> ≤ L <SUB>1.4 GHz</SUB> ≤ 10<SUP>45</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP> and redshifts up to 2.01. The various physical properties of these HT sources are mentioned here. Some statistical studies have been done for this large number of newly discovered HT sources. | 9 |
a glass substrate is irradiated with a converged laser beam to thereby form a spherical or nearly spherical convex portion on a surface of the glass substrate . more preferably , there may be used a method including the steps of : sticking a glass substrate to a flat member having a predetermined spherical or aspherical concave portion formed therein ; and irradiating a converged laser beam onto a surface of the glass substrate just under the concave portion while making the converged laser beam penetrate through the flat member to thereby form a spherical or aspherical convex portion in the inside of the concave portion in accordance with the shape of the concave portion . | 2 |
This is the second official release of PyGeoN with improved functionality in the context of discretizations, inner products and differentials. The code is still in development. | 9 |
Context. The behaviour of molecules in space is to a large extent governed by where they freeze out or sublimate. The molecular binding energy is therefore an important parameter for many astrochemical studies. This parameter is usually determined with time-consuming experiments, computationally expensive quantum chemical calculations, or the inexpensive yet relatively inaccurate linear addition method. <BR /> Aims: In this work, we propose a new method for predicting binding energies (BEs) based on machine learning that is accurate, yet computationally inexpensive. <BR /> Methods: We created a machine-learning (ML) model based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) and trained it on a database of BEs of molecules collected from laboratory experiments presented in the literature. The molecules in the database are categorised by their features, such as mono- or multilayer coverage, binding surface, functional groups, valence electrons, and H-bond acceptors and donors. <BR /> Results: We assessed the performance of the model with five-fold and leave-one-molecule-out cross validation. Predictions are generally accurate, with differences between predicted binding energies and values from the literature of less than ±20%. We used the validated model to predict the binding energies of 21 molecules that were recently detected in the interstellar medium, but for which binding energy values are unknown. We used a simplified model to visualise where the snow lines of these molecules would be located in a protoplanetary disk. <BR /> Conclusions: This work demonstrates that ML can be employed to accurately and rapidly predict BEs of molecules. Machine learning complements current laboratory experiments and quantum chemical computational studies. The predicted BEs will find use in the modelling of astrochemical and planet-forming environments. | 9 |
Utilizing astrometric parameters sourced from Gaia Data Release 3 and radial velocities obtained from various spectroscopic surveys, we identify 519 high-velocity stars (HiVels) with a total velocity in the Galactocentric rest frame greater than 70% of their local escape velocity under the Gala MilkyWayPotential. Our analysis reveals that the majority of these HiVels are metal-poor late-type giants, and we show nine HiVels that are unbound candidates to the Galaxy with escape probabilities of 50%. To investigate the origins of these HiVels, we classify them into four categories and consider the impact of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) potential on their backward-integration trajectories. Specifically, we find that one of the HiVels can track back to the Galactic center, and three HiVels may originate from the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Sgr dSph). Furthermore, some HiVels appear to be ejected from the Galactic disk, while others formed within the Milky Way or have an extragalactic origin. Given that the LMC has a significant impact on the orbits of Sgr dSph, we examine the reported HiVels that originate from the Sgr dSph, with a few of them passing within the half-light radius of the Sgr dSph. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a radar device and , particularly , to a radar device mounted on a vehicle to be used for a collision alarm and the like . the invention provides a radar device that has a unit for removing the fmam noise without lowering the signal detection sensitivity . the radar device transmits a frequency modulation signal by switching the frequency modulation signal with a first switching signal , receives a signal reflected from a target object , switches the reception signal with a second switching signal , mixes the switched reception signal with the transmission signal , and further mixes the mixed signals with a third switching signal thereby to obtain a beat signal . the radar device obtains a distance to the target object and a relative speed of the target object from the beat signal . the second switching signal and the third switching signal have the same switching frequency , and have a predetermined phase difference between the phases of the two switching signals to cancel and remove an amplitude modulation component included in the frequency modulation signal . | 6 |
a device for transporting flat products consisting of feeders for introduction of flat products into openable pockets . the pockets move in a closed path and each receives one or more inserts . specific and preferred pocket conveyor , sprocket , and divider designs are also set forth . | 1 |
a rotary pulsation device having a body , at least one rotor and one or more stators , in which the increased efficiency of the device is effected through the presence of ultrasonic vibrations generated by the bulk vibration of the rotors , stators , or both , the generation of the vibrations is a function of a combination of one or more of : the clearance between the rotors and stators which can be adjusted ; turbulizing elements on the rotors , stators , or both ; incisions on the rotors ; slots in the rotors ; and choke channels for controlling and directing recirculated flow within the device . | 1 |
an access server architecture , and methods for use of the architecture , are disclosed . the architecture and methods are designed to increase the scalability of and balance processor load for a network access server device . in this architecture , packet forwarding and packet processing are distributed amongst the cards serving the low - speed access lines , such that each line card is responsible for performing forwarding and packet processing for packets associated with the low - speed ports that line card serves . thus , as the number of line cards expands , forwarding resources are expanded in at least rough proportion . the nas route switch controller , as well as the high - speed ports used to access the network , are largely relieved of packet processing tasks for traffic passing through the server . the egress port uses a distribution engine that performs a cursory examination on one or more header fields on packets received at the high - speed interface - comprehending only enough information to allow each packet to be distributed to the appropriate line card for full packet processing . the route switch controller updates the routing information needed by each distribution or forwarding engine , and is largely uninvolved in the processing of individual packets . | 7 |
novel s - triazine compounds containing at least one n , n - bis amino substituent function in self - condensation and as crosslinkers for compounds containing active hydrogen groups . the compositions cure to coatings with excellent properties , especially corrosion resistance , humidity resistance , abrasion resistance and flexibility . the coatings have excellent exterior durability . | 2 |
a toolbar implement with steering tracks connects to a tractor and a plurality of row units are connected to the toolbar implement . the toolbar implement contains : a main longitudinal frame ; a transverse axle assembly ; a lift arm assembly pivotably connected to the frame and pivotably connected to the axle assembly for raising or lowering the frame relative to the axle assembly ; a control arm pivotably connected to each end of the axle ; a track assembly connected to each spindle ; and a steering mechanism extending between the control arms . | 0 |
an outdoor shelter particularly of the type normally utilized in transit systems constructed of extruded aluminum members . the extruded members include outwardly extending fins each of which is scored along its base line to permit portions thereof to be easily removed for assembly purposes . side walls are assembled by abutting the same against the fins and then utilizing a securing member which is affixed to the body of the extrusion to retain the side wall securely in place and permit side walls of varying thicknesses to be utilized without the necessity of different extrusions therefor . a roofing member is secured in place in a similar manner along with an extruded fascia , the mitered corners of which are rapidly secured together by a simple stamping . | 4 |
the present invention provides a dissolution test apparatus comprising , a first chamber 2 connected in series to at least a second chamber 10 , wherein the first chamber 2 is capable of transferring solid test samples to the second chamber 10 and the second chamber 10 is capable of retaining the solid test samples . further , the apparatus includes a first reservoir 21 and at least a second reservoir 22 for continuously supplying one or more media into the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 10 , respectively , the chambers having stirrers 4 , 11 for mixing the solid test samples and the media together . in addition , the second chamber 10 has a filter membrane 45 overlying a base 44 of the second chamber 10 , the filter membrane 45 being supported by a filter support 46 , the filter support 46 being provided between the filter membrane 45 and the base 44 of the second chamber 10 to prevent distortion of the filter membrane 45 . processors 5 , 16 , 20 for analyzing an effluent from the chambers are also provided . | 6 |
Transverse oscillations that do not show significant damping in solar coronal loops are found to be ubiquitous. Recently, the discovery of high-frequency transverse oscillations in small-scale loops has been accelerated by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on board Solar Orbiter. We perform a meta-analysis by considering the oscillation parameters reported in the literature. Motivated by the power law of the velocity power spectrum of propagating transverse waves detected with CoMP, we consider the distribution of energy fluxes as a function of oscillation frequencies and the distribution of the number of oscillations as a function of energy fluxes and energies. These distributions are described as a power law. We propose that the power-law slope (δ = -1.40) of energy fluxes depending on frequencies could be used for determining whether high-frequency oscillations dominate the total heating (δ < 1) or not (δ > 1). In addition, we found that the oscillation number distribution depending on energy fluxes has a power-law slope of α = 1.00, being less than 2, which means that oscillations with high energy fluxes provide the dominant contribution to the total heating. It is shown that, on average, higher energy fluxes are generated from higher-frequency oscillations. The total energy generated by transverse oscillations ranges from about 10<SUP>20</SUP> to 10<SUP>25</SUP> erg, corresponding to the energies for nanoflare (10<SUP>24</SUP>-10<SUP>27</SUP> erg), picoflare (10<SUP>21</SUP>-10<SUP>24</SUP> erg), and femtoflare (10<SUP>18</SUP>-10<SUP>21</SUP> erg). The respective slope results imply that high-frequency oscillations could provide the dominant contribution to total coronal heating generated by decayless transverse oscillations. | 9 |
With more than 150 blank sky observations at high Galactic latitude, we make a systematic study to the background of the Low Energy Telescope (LE) of the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (dubbed as Insight-HXMT). Both the on-ground simulation and the in-orbit observation indicate that the background spectrum mainly has two components. One is the particle background that dominates above 7 keV and its spectral shape is consistent in every geographical locations. Another is the diffuse X-ray background that dominates below 7 keV and has a stable spectrum less dependent of the sky region. The particle background spectral shape can be obtained from the blind detector data of all the blank sky observations, and the particle background intensity can be measured by the blind detector at 10 - 12.5 keV. The diffuse X-ray background in the high Galactic latitude can also be obtained from the blank sky spectra after subtracting the particle background. Based on these characteristics, we develop the background model for both the spectrum and the light curve. The systematic error for the background spectrum is investigated with different exposures (T<SUB>exp</SUB>). For the spectrum with T<SUB>exp</SUB> = 1 ks, the average systematic errors in 1 - 7 keV and 1 - 10 keV are 4.2% and 3.7%, respectively. We also perform the systematic error analyses of the background light curves with different energy bands and time bins. The results show that the systematic errors for the light curves with different time bins are < 8% in 1 - 10 keV. | 9 |
For the majority of short-period exoplanets transiting massive stars with radiative envelopes, the spin angular momentum of the host star is greater than the planetary orbital angular momentum. In this case, the orbits of the planets will undergo nodal precession, which can significantly impact the probability that the planets transit their parent star. In particular, for some combinations of the spin-orbit angle ψ and the inclination of the stellar spin i <SUB>*</SUB>, all such planets will eventually transit at some point over the duration of their precession period. Thus, as the time over which the sky has been monitored for transiting planets increases, the frequency of planets with detectable transits will increase, potentially leading to biased estimates of exoplanet occurrence rates, especially orbiting more-massive stars. Furthermore, due to the dependence of the precession period on orbital parameters such as spin-orbit misalignment, the observed distributions of such parameters may also be biased. We derive the transit probability of a given exoplanet in the presence of nodal precession induced by a rapidly spinning host star. We find that the effect of nodal precession has already started to become relevant for some short-period planets, i.e., hot Jupiters, orbiting massive stars, by increasing transit probabilities by order of a few percent for such systems within the original Kepler field. We additionally derive simple expressions to describe the time evolution of the impact parameter b for applicable systems, which should aid in future investigations of exoplanet nodal precession and spin-orbit alignment. | 9 |
a package for the sale of image - quality printing paper facilitates digital image printing by providing blank sheets of image - quality printing paper pre - cut to accommodate image printing sizes for personal use . a rigid container is constructed and arranged to provide convenient protection , storage , display , and transportation of the blank sheets and the images subsequently printed thereon . the container may be provided with a multifunctional stand therein . | 0 |
a method for realizing the synchronous authentication among the different authentication control devices is provided . the user accesses the network and initiates the authentication by the slave authentication control device . then the master authentication control device obtains the authentication information of the user from the slave authentication control device and transmits it to the master authentication server of the master authentication control device . finally , the master authentication server performs the authentication process to the user according to the authentication information of the user . therefore the accessing user can obtain the network authority of a plurality of service providers with only one logging on in the network in which a plurality of service providers are interconnected . the present invention facilitates the access to the network for the user and can assure that each service provider can control and manage the accessing user efficiently and thereby protects the benefit of the service providers . | 7 |
a system , comprising of a consumer device having processing capabilities and incorporating communication means , and an ornament comprising of : a microprocessor , a memory for storing digital image data , a display for displaying selected image data from the memory , a receiver for receiving image data and storing it in the memory , and a battery for energizing the microprocessor , the display and the receiver ; wherein a dedicated application in the consumer device is used for creating and changing images and animations , and then transmitting them to the ornament via a transmitter incorporated in the consumer device . the images and animations are stored in the ornament memory for viewing them on the ornament display when desired , and according to received control data . said consumer device may be a cellular phone , a personal computer , a pda and such . | 7 |
an electrosurgical instrument for ablating cartilage while limiting collateral damage includes a non - conducting head with a small electrically conductive surface . the head of the instrument is coupled to a shaft by a flexible portion . the flexible portion biases the electrically conductive surface towards a tissue surface . the head is pivotably coupled to the shaft such that the electrically conductive surface is oriented substantially parallel to the tissue surface as the head slides across the tissue surface . a method of performing electrosurgery includes positioning the electrically conductive surface adjacent to the tissue surface , and sliding the shaft across the tissue surface with the head pivoting such that the electrically conductive surface is oriented substantially parallel to the tissue surface . | 0 |
the present invention discloses a modified tumor necrosis factor - alpha converting enzyme catalytic domain , that unlike the native tace catalytic domain , is stable at high protein concentrations . the present invention further discloses methods for generating crystals of the modified tace protein in protein - ligand complexes with a number of inhibitors . in addition , the present invention discloses methods of using the proteins , crystals and / or three - dimensional structures obtained to identify compounds that can modulate the enzymatic activity of tace . | 2 |
a bi - directional optical signal transmission network comprises an outbound and an inbound fibre each including an optical amplifier / repeater . an optical coupling communicates between one of the fibres to the output side of the amplifier / repeater and the other fibre . the coupling includes a filter which is arranged to permit transfer of a test signal wavelength between the outbound and the inbound fibre but which prevents transfer of unwanted traffic signal . | 7 |
complete helical cone - beam scanning and non - redundant data acquisition are obtained for three - dimensional tomographic imaging of arbitrary long objects . the minimum sized two - dimensional detector window is bounded by two consecutive turns of the helix . the ray source exposes all object points during a rotation of exactly 180 degrees when seen from the points themselves . only one - dimensional filtering is employed in the reconstruction . rebinning to parallel beams , as seen along the axis of rotation , allows for especially simple procedures without any need for pre - weighting or magnification factors . as a special case , the invention is applicable to helical fan - beam scanning with one - dimensional detector arrays . | 0 |
the present invention is directed to a modular storage system for storing items on a trailer . the modular storage system includes a plurality of containers connected to the railing of a trailer . the containers may be modular so as to be selectively arrangeable along the railing . the containers may be connected to the outside or inside of the railing . at least one of the containers may be positioned over a wheel of the trailer and include a wheel well for housing and protecting the wheel . the containers may include lockable lids for protecting the stored items . the containers may further include one or more attachments , such as a tool rack or t - mount . | 1 |
the process involves the application of heated water , above 40 ° c ., to the teeth with simultaneous rotary brushing to remove plaque . the apparatus is a turbine power unit adapted to be connected to the heated water faucet and adapted to sit in the sink . a heated water exhaust conduit from the unit and a flexible power shaft lead to a handpiece which has a rotary brush driven by the shaft and a nozzle connected to the conduit and directed at the brush . | 0 |
a swivel rocker chair connection assembly facilitates construction of a swivel rocker chair and allows for the secure and stable operation of the chair . the chair includes a base portion , a seat portion and a connection assembly having at least one dual washer plate adapted to engage one or more rocker spring members positioned and engaged with the chair base and seat portions . | 0 |
a foldable display stand includes a wall blank having substantially flat wall panels connected end to end foldably relative to each other to define a continuous wall structure . the wall blank is convertible to a flattened state for storage and transportation and an expanded display state in which a number of wall panels cooperatively bound a polygonal display space . each of two side wall panels has a flap foldable inwardly to place the flaps in juxtaposition so as to form a polygonal shelf within the display space . the shelf and rear wall panel are interconnected by shelf tabs fitting releasably within a slot in the rear wall panel . a removable tray is supported on the polygonal shelf and braces the interior of the continuous wall structure . the tray is releasably secured within the display space . the display stands are modular and may be releasably vertically stacked . openings in the continuous wall structure are formed of a geometrical configuration to receive articles having a similar configuration . | 0 |
an organic electroluminescent display device has a structure which suppresses a leakage current generated in an organic electroluminescent layer and achieves a low power consumption and excellent light - emitting characteristics . the organic electroluminescent display device includes a first electrode , an organic electroluminescent layer , and a second electrode , stacked in this order on a substrate , wherein the organic electroluminescent layer includes a conductive layer and a light - emitting layer , the conductive layer has a trapezoidal cross section which widens downwardly , and the light - emitting layer covers upper and side surfaces of the conductive layer . | 7 |
a draining apparatus drains and dries hydraulic equipment such as aircraft circuits . the draining equipment includes a reservoir connected to the equipment by a suction line . which produces a vacuum in the reservoir responsive to compressed air injected by a line from an external compressed air source . if a calibrated valve is connected to an inlet of the equipment then a branch line of the equipment supplies part of the compressed air to the inlet connection of the equipment so that pressure which enters the equipment is inadequate to produce an overpressure at an outlet . | 8 |
an apparatus for controlling a configuration change in a storage system having a plurality of storage appliances with an i / o handler local to each storage appliance for transmitting and receiving i / o requests . a local volume mapper local to each storage appliance maps storage local to the storage appliance ; a remote volume mapper local to each storage appliance maps storage remote from the or each storage appliance ; and a spanning host interface layer responsive to detection of the configuration change receives and redirects i / o requests among the plurality of storage appliances . | 6 |
methods and apparatus are provided for operating an embedded processor system that includes a processor and a cache memory . the method includes filling one or more lines in the cache memory with data associated with a first task , executing the first task , and , in response to a cache miss during execution of the first task , performing a cache line fill operation and , during the cache line fill operation , executing a second task . the cache memory may notify the processor of the line fill operation by generating a processor interrupt or by notifying a task scheduler running on the processor . | 8 |
four poppet valves are mounted in a common machined body which has a single inlet port , a pair of working ports and a pair of exhaust ports . the body interior has four valve ports , two of which connect the inlet port to the two working ports and the other two connecting the working ports with the exhaust ports . the housing also has identically sized guide supports and piston chambers for the poppet valves . these may be chosen either as normally closed or normally open straight way valves in a variety of arrangements . with each arrangement one or more pilot valves , either straight way , three - way or four - way , normally closed or normally open , may be connected to the piston chambers . thus , the valve system may be arranged to have a four - way function as controlled by a single normally closed three - way pilot valve , operate two independent fluid motors using two three - way pilots , or can be arranged for various other control functions . | 8 |
This paper presents one of the first environmental analyses of the locations of the class of `interacting transients', namely Type IIn supernovae (SNe) and SN impostors. We discuss the association of these transients with star formation, host galaxy type, metallicity and the locations of each event within the respective host. Given the frequent assumption of very high mass progenitors for these explosions from various studies, most notably a direct progenitor detection, it is interesting to note the weak association of these subtypes with star formation as traced by Hα emission, particularly in comparison with Type Ic SNe, which trace the Hα emission and are thought to arise from high-mass progenitors. The radial distributions of these transients compared to Type Ic SNe are also very different. This provides evidence for the growing hypothesis that these `interacting transients' are in fact comprised of a variety of progenitor systems. The events contained within this sample are discussed in detail, where information in the literature exists, and compared to the environmental data provided. Impostors are found to split into two main classes, in terms of environment: SN 2008S-like impostors fall on regions of zero Hα emission, whereas η Carina-like impostors all fall on regions with positive Hα emission. We also find indications that the impostor class originate from lower metallicity environments than Type IIn, Ic and IIP SNe. | 9 |
the present invention as disclosed herein is an improved vehicle parking structure and method for using the same . the vehicle parking structure provides for the automated storage and retrieval of vehicles in response to user inputs . in one aspect , the vehicle parking structure comprises one or more transfer rooms in which a vehicle operator may deposit and later retrieve a vehicle , a plurality of parking spaces of either fixed or variable dimensions , and one or more vehicle transporters used to move vehicles from the one or more transfer rooms to the plurality of parking spaces . the one or more vehicle transporters are in turn each preferably comprised of one or more vertical stabilizers , one or more tractors , one or more lifts , a lifting platform , and a dolly . the vehicle transporters move the lifting platform and dolly so that the dolly may be positioned to access a vehicle located in a transfer room or parking space . | 4 |
efficiently simulating an amari dynamics of a neural field , the amari dynamics being specified by the equation where a is the state of the neural field , represented in a spatial domain using coordinates x , t , i is a function stating the input to the neural field at time t , f is a bounded monotonic transfer function having values between 0 and 1 , f is an interaction kernel , s specifies the time scale on which the neural field changes and h is a constant specifying the global excitation or inhibition of the neural field . a method for simulating an amari dynamics of a neural field , comprising the step of simulating an application of the transfer function to the neural field . according to the invention , the step of simulating an application of the transfer function comprises smoothing the neural field by applying a smoothing operator . | 6 |
a pressure actuated valve is disclosed which includes a plurality of flow openings , and first and second pistons . the first and second pistons are independently actuatable relative to one another , and are releasable coupled to one another by a release sleeve . the pressure actuated valve also includes a closing sleeve that is operatively coupled to the second piston . in an initial position of the second piston , the closing sleeve covers or blocks the plurality of flow openings . the pressure actuated valve includes a ratchet mechanism coupling the release sleeve to the first piston , the ratchet mechanism being adapted to allow movement of the first piston between its initial position and an intermediate position and back to its initial position while allowing the release sleeve to release the second piston after a predetermined number of cycles of movement of the first piston between its initial position and the intermediate position and back to its initial position . upon release of the second piston by the release sleeve , the second piston , and the closing sleeve , responsive to the urging of a spring , will move to its final position uncovering the plurality of flow openings . the ratchet mechanism allows for the incremental movement of a release sleeve in response to movements of the first piston . the release sleeve is adapted to open the pressure actuated valve upon movement of the release sleeve through a designated distance . | 8 |
We investigate the pebble isolation mass (PIM) for a planet on a fixed eccentric orbit in its protoplanetary disc by conducting a set of two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamical simulations, including dust turbulent diffusion. A range of planet eccentricities up to e = 0.2 is adopted. Our simulations also cover a range of α-turbulent viscosities, and for each pair {α, e} the PIM is estimated as the minimum planet mass in our simulations such that solids with a Stokes number ≳0.05 do not flow across the planet orbit and remain trapped around a pressure bump outside the planet gap. For α < 10<SUP>-3</SUP>, we find that eccentric planets reach a well-defined PIM, which can be smaller than for planets on circular orbits when the eccentricity remains smaller than the disc's aspect ratio. We provide a fitting formula for how the PIM depends on the planet's eccentricity. However, for α > 10<SUP>-3</SUP>, eccentric planets cannot fully stall the pebbles flow and, thus, do not reach a well-defined PIM. Our results suggest that the maximum mass reached by rocky cores should exhibit a dichotomy depending on the disc's turbulent viscosity. While being limited to ${\cal O}(10\, M_\oplus)$ in low-viscosity discs, this maximum mass could reach much larger values in discs with a high turbulent viscosity in the planet vicinity. Our results further highlight that pebble filtering by growing planets might not be as effective as previously thought, especially in high-viscosity discs, with important implications to protoplanetary discs observations. | 9 |
to provide a manufacturing apparatus of a semiconductor device , which does not use a stepper in a manufacturing process in the case where mass production of semiconductor devices is carried out by using a large - sized substrate . a thin film formed over a substrate having an insulating surface is selectively irradiated with a laser beam through light control means , specifically through an electro - optical device to cause ablation ; accordingly , the thin film is partially removed , thereby processing the thin film in a remaining region into a desired shape . the electro - optical device functions as a variable mask by inputting an electrical signal based on design cad data of the semiconductor device . | 1 |
a quick connect coupling for removably joining two pipes includes an upstream element and a downstream element adapted to be fitted axially with the upstream element thereby opening a valve movable between a position of opening and a position of closure . the upstream element is provided with at least one o - ring disposed to surround the valve and is adapted for connection to an upstream pipe for inlet of pressurized gas , particularly oxygen . a primary sealing zone is provided upstream of the o - ring which is dimensioned to induce a significant reduction in a flowrate of gas flowing in the direction of the o - ring in order to limit overheating of the o - ring . | 5 |
a tire sensor that communicates to a remote interrogator in one of two modes depending on the nature of the interrogation . the interrogator may be distributed throughout a vehicle if needed for design options . further , the interrogator only interrogates the transponder when the interrogator has reason to believe that the transponder is in range of the interrogator . the interrogator and transponder may be configured to operate in different modes for communication during operation of the tire on a vehicle and during non - operation . the transponder may communicate tire condition information to the interrogator concerning environmental or other information sensed about the tire . | 1 |
a knife sharpening system mountable in a small vehicle is disclosed . the knife sharpening system includes a grinding device including a motor , and an abrasive member directly connected to the motor without using a reduction device , to reduce loss of power transmitted from a battery to the abrasive member , and a water - proof device for preventing scattering of water and dust caused by rapid rotation of the abrasive member . the abrasive member can rotate using small force in accordance with direct connection of the abrasive member to the motor . even when the abrasive member rotates at high speed , scattering of water or dust is prevented in accordance with direct connection of the abrasive member to the motor . accordingly , the abrasive member can be driven using a battery of a small vehicle . | 1 |
a handpiece connector cooperates with the logic control circuit in an ultrasonic surgical system to distinguish types of handpieces , to indicate types of handpieces , to control differing operating frequencies for such differing handpieces , and to provide logic signals for controlling other system parameters dependent on the type of handpiece selected . a handpiece connector is prewired in a manner which is electrically indicative of one of several parameters to identify the selective handpiece . a logic control circuit , when connected to the handpiece , indicates that a handpiece is connected , indicates the type of handpiece so connected , indicates and controls the frequency of operation pertinent to that handpiece , and controls other system operating parameters related to the selected handpiece . | 0 |
a modular columbarium system comprised of modular niche units each having a plurality of urn niches defined therein , wherein adjacent modular niche units are secured to one utilizing an interlocking system that provides alignment and stabilization of the units . the columbarium system is a modular design which facilitates the easy relocation of the modular niche units and the redesign of the columbarium system . the interlocking system connects the modules of the columbarium system to one another to enable easy expansion of the system without diminishing its stability . the modular niche units can also be used with existing columbarium systems . memorial plates of various sizes are provided to cover the niche openings such that couples or family members can be grouped together under one memorial plate . | 4 |
a topological insulator is grown on an ic wafer in a vacuum chamber as a thin film interconnect between two circuits in the ic communicating with each other . as the ti is being grown , magnetic doping of the various ti sub - layers is varied to create different edge states in the stack of sub - layers . the sub - edges conduct in parallel with virtually zero power dissipation . conventional metal electrodes are formed on the ic wafer that electrically contact the four corners of the ti layer to electrically connect a first circuit to a second circuit via the ti interconnect . the ti interconnect thus forms two independent conducting paths between the two circuits , with each path being formed of a plurality of sub - edges . this allows bi - direction communications without collisions . since each electrode contacts many sub - edges in parallel , the overall contact resistance is extremely low . | 7 |
We present an analysis of three Chandra High Energy Transmission Gratings observations of the black hole binary Cyg X-1/HDE 226868 at different orbital phases. The stellar wind that is powering the accretion in this system is characterized by temperature and density inhomogeneities including structures, or "clumps", of colder, more dense material embedded in the photoionized gas. As these clumps pass our line of sight, absorption dips appear in the light curve. We characterize the properties of the clumps through spectral changes during various dip stages. Comparing the silicon and sulfur absorption line regions (1.6-2.7 keV ≡ 7.7-4.6 Å) in four levels of varying column depth reveals the presence of lower ionization stages, i.e., colder or denser material, in the deeper dip phases. The Doppler velocities of the lines are roughly consistent within each observation, varying with the respective orbital phase. This is consistent with the picture of a structure that consists of differently ionized material, in which shells of material facing the black hole shield the inner and back shells from the ionizing radiation. The variation of the Doppler velocities compared to a toy model of the stellar wind, however, does not allow us to pin down an exact location of the clump region in the system. This result, as well as the asymmetric shape of the observed lines, point at a picture of a complex wind structure. | 9 |
the invention provides an integrated process for processing heavy oil , wherein the integrated process at least comprises : solvent deasphalting is carried out for heavy oil material , and de - oiled asphalt phase is mixed with dispersing agent and then entered a thermal cracking reactor to undergo thermal cracking reactions . upgraded oil can be obtained through the mixture of the de - asphalted oil and thermal cracking oil separated from thermal cracking reaction products . the solvent and heavy gas oil , which are separated from the thermal cracking reaction products , are respectively recycled back to the solvent deasphalting process as solvent and as mixed feed to remove asphaltene . the integrated process of the present invention solves the problems that solvent is difficult to be separated from asphalt with high softening point in solvent deasphalting process and hard asphalt is difficult to be transported . | 2 |
The baryon cycle is a complex phenomenon that encapsulates all the ways in which gas gets perpetually processed in overdensities. From the infall of gas into galactic potentials, collapse into and processing by stars, outflow due to stellar and/or AGN feedback, and even "mixing" due to cooling. The baryon cycle can be thought of as flow of multi-phase gas within and between three broad settings: the Interstellar Medium, the Circumgalactic Medium, and the extended environment. Environments play a crucial role in galaxy evolution. In group environments, while some studies find increased star formation suppression events, several other studies report increased star formation due to gas supply from satellite galaxies, mergers, and accretion from the cosmic web. The dichotomy between gas-rich groups and gas-poor groups has been reasoned to be dependent on the stage in evolution with the former being in early and the latter in late stages of assembly. However, the relative contribution of environmental and intrinsic galactic processes in these early stages of assembly still remains poorly understood. With the high sensitivity and resolution of MeerKAT we can clearly characterize signatures of interaction between group members in the neutral phase. Using spectra from SALT, we can study the properties of the members and their ionized gas phase. I will talk about the preliminary results of my work and introduce the baryon cycle which is crucial for constraining galaxy evolution. | 9 |
a method of sraf printing using etch - aware sraf print avoidance engines and the resulting device are provided . embodiments include performing mask to resist simulations for a mask having both a plurality of features to be formed on a substrate and a plurality of sub resolution assist features ; detecting srafs of the plurality that will print through to a resist ; checking dimensions of the detected srafs to determine whether one or more of the srafs will etch through to the substrate ; modifying the one or more of the srafs ; and forming the mask after the one or more of the srafs have been modified . | 8 |
a beam having a base material of silicon monocrystal and at least one projection which is integrally formed so as to be supported at least at one end thereof and which has two surfaces having an orientation plane , includes a bottom surface in a plane which is common with a plane of the base material ; a groove penetrating from the bottom surface to a top of the projection ; and a protecting member having a resistance property against a crystal anisotropic etching liquid and covering an inner wall of the groove . | 1 |
a frictional damper , in particular for spinner - type washing machines , comprises a tubular housing and a tappet guided displaceably in the housing , articulation elements being mounted on the free end of the housing and the tappet . a damping element is formed on the end of the housing on the tappet exit side , in which a damping element carrying a friction lining is disposed displaceably in the direction of the central longitudinal axis . the damping element bears against prestressed helical compression springs . | 5 |
Advanced ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors begin operation imminently. Their intended goal is not only to make the first direct detection of GWs, but also to make inferences about the source systems. Binary neutron-star mergers are among the most promising sources. We investigate the performance of the parameter-estimation (PE) pipeline that will be used during the first observing run of the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (aLIGO) in 2015: we concentrate on the ability to reconstruct the source location on the sky, but also consider the ability to measure masses and the distance. Accurate, rapid sky localization is necessary to alert electromagnetic (EM) observatories so that they can perform follow-up searches for counterpart transient events. We consider PE accuracy in the presence of non-stationary, non-Gaussian noise. We find that the character of the noise makes negligible difference to the PE performance at a given signal-to-noise ratio. The source luminosity distance can only be poorly constrained, since the median 90% (50%) credible interval scaled with respect to the true distance is 0.85 (0.38). However, the chirp mass is well measured. Our chirp-mass estimates are subject to systematic error because we used gravitational-waveform templates without component spin to carry out inference on signals with moderate spins, but the total error is typically less than {{10}<SUP>-3</SUP>} {{M}<SUB>⊙ </SUB>}. The median 90% (50%) credible region for sky localization is ∼ 600 {{deg }<SUP>2</SUP>} (∼ 150 {{deg }<SUP>2</SUP>}), with 3% (30%) of detected events localized within 100 {{deg }<SUP>2</SUP>}. Early aLIGO, with only two detectors, will have a sky-localization accuracy for binary neutron stars of hundreds of square degrees; this makes EM follow-up challenging, but not impossible. | 9 |
a hard weld overlay which is resistant to cracking when re - heated , and a method for designing such alloys , is disclosed . the alloys are able to resist re - heat cracking through prevention of the precipitation and / or growth of embrittling carbide , borides , or borocarbides at elevated temperatures . in one embodiment , the thermodynamics of the alloy system possess only primary carbides and secondary ferrite carbides . | 1 |
a sensor for an optical device includes an array of pixels in rows and columns which detect and process illumination falling thereon so as to identify inputs generated by a user on a surface of the optical device . a second reset period of variable length between a black calibration phase and an integration phase occurs in a processing cycle of a frame for each pixel , wherein the length of the second reset period is adjusted based on the ambient light conditions . | 6 |
We carry out general relativistic ray-tracing radiative-transfer calculations to study whether a localized emission from plasma rings created at the stagnation surface in the jet funnel, to which we refer as stagnation rings, can explain the ring image of M87* observed by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) 2017. The resultant images consist of the direct image of the stagnation rings and the ring images formed via the strong deflection by the black hole (BH) gravity, to which we refer as quasi photon-ring. For the model with the BH spin a<SUB>*</SUB> = 0.99, the direct image of the counter-jet and quasi photon-ring are almost coincident to the photon ring with diameter ∼ 40 μas, while the approaching jet shows the small ring image inside them. The synthetic observation image assumes that the EHT2017 array is consistent with that observed in M87*, because the array is a bit sparse to detect the inner ring image. This indicates that the ring image in M87* may contain the important feature of the jet bases in addition to the photon ring. We find that forthcoming EHT observations can resolve the stagnation ring image and may enable us to explore the plasma-injection mechanism in the jet funnel. | 9 |
a moldable compound of the type which has the inherent capability of cleaning contaminating stains and residues in compression , transfer and similar molds , is deposited on a carrier sheet to form an uncured mat for placement in a mold to be cleaned . when placed in a mold to be cleaned and subjected to a molding operation , the moldable compound coating of the uncured mat will melt and flow into conformity with the interior configuration of the mold and cure in that conforming configuration . the cured mat is then capable of being ejected in as a reinforced unitary structure from the mold . | 1 |
a combined seating and storage system , particularly adapted for pontoon boats , in which a lid is connected to a storage container by a double pivot hinge which enables the lid to open into a safe vertical orientation in front of the storage container . | 0 |
Subsets and Splits