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Neutral-atomic and molecular outflows are a common occurrence in galaxies, near and far. They operate over the full extent of their galaxy hosts, from the innermost regions of galactic nuclei to the outermost reaches of galaxy halos. They carry a substantial amount of material that would otherwise have been used to form new stars. These cool outflows may have a profound impact on the evolution of their host galaxies and environments. This article provides an overview of the basic physics of cool outflows, a comprehensive assessment of the observational techniques and diagnostic tools used to characterize them, a detailed description of the best-studied cases, and a more general discussion of the statistical properties of these outflows in the local and distant universe. The remaining outstanding issues that have not yet been resolved are summarized at the end of the review to inspire new research directions. | 9 |
We present realistic expectations for the number and properties of neutron star binary mergers to be detected as multi-messenger sources during the upcoming fourth observing run (O4) of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA gravitational-wave (GW) detectors, with the aim of providing guidance for the optimization of observing strategies. Our predictions are based on a population synthesis mode, which includes the GW signal-to-noise ratio, the kilonova (KN) optical and near-infrared light curves, the relativistic jet gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission peak photon flux, and the afterglow light curves in radio, optical, and X-rays. Within our assumptions, the rate of GW events to be confidently detected during O4 is ${7.7}_{-5.7}^{+11.9}$ yr<SUP>-1</SUP> (calendar year), 78% of which will produce a KN, and a lower 52% will also produce a relativistic jet. The typical depth of current optical electromagnetic search and follow-up strategies is still sufficient to detect most of the KNæ in O4, but only for the first night or two. The prospects for detecting relativistic jet emission are not promising. While closer events (within z ≲ 0.02) will likely still have a detectable cocoon shock breakout, most events will have their GRB emission (both prompt and afterglow) missed unless seen under a small viewing angle. This reduces the fraction of events with detectable jets to 2% (prompt emission, serendipitous) and 10% (afterglow, deep radio monitoring), corresponding to detection rates of ${0.17}_{-0.13}^{+0.26}$ and ${0.78}_{-0.58}^{+1.21}$ yr<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. When considering a GW subthreshold search triggered by a GRB detection, our predicted rate of joint GW+GRB prompt emission detections increases up to a more promising ${0.75}_{-0.55}^{+1.16}$ yr<SUP>-1</SUP>. | 9 |
Star formation histories (SFHs) of early galaxies (6 < z < 12) have been found to be highly stochastic in both simulations and observations, while at z≲6 the presence of a main sequence (MS) of star-forming galaxies implies secular processes at play. In this work we characterise the SFH variability of early galaxies as a function of their stellar mass and redshift. We used the JADES public catalogue and derived the physical properties of the galaxies as well as their SFHs using the spectral energy distribution modelling code CIGALE. To this end, we implemented a non-parametric SFH with a flat prior allowing for as much stochasticity as possible. We used the star formation rate (SFR) gradient, an indicator of the movement of galaxies on the SFR-M<SUB>*</SUB> plane, linked to the recent SFH of galaxies. This dynamical approach of the relation between the SFR and stellar mass allows us to show that, at z > 9, 87% of massive galaxies (log(M<SUB>*</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>)≳9) have SFR gradients consistent with a stochastic star formation activity during the last 100 Myr, while this fraction drops to 15% at z < 7. On the other hand, we see an increasing fraction of galaxies with a star formation activity following a common stream on the SFR-M<SUB>*</SUB> plane with cosmic time, indicating that a secular mode of star formation is emerging. We place our results in the context of the observed excess of UV emission as probed by the UV luminosity function at z ≳ 10 by estimating σ<SUB>UV</SUB>, the dispersion of the UV absolute magnitude distribution, to be of the order of 1.2 mag, and compare it with predictions from the literature. In conclusion, we find a transition of star formation mode happening around z ∼ 9: Galaxies with stochastic SFHs dominate at z ≳ 9, although this level of stochasticity is too low to reach those invoked by recent models to reproduce the observed UV luminosity function. | 9 |
an improvement is proposed for an acrylic rubber composition to decrease the stickiness of the rubber composition under processing and shaped and vulcanized articles of the composition to a metallic surface with which the rubber article is kept in contact at an elevated temperature under compression as is the case in packings , gaskets and o - rings as automobile parts . the improvement can be obtained by compounding the rubber composition consisting of an acrylic rubbery polymer , which can be substituted by organosilicon groups , and a reinforcing filler with a limited amount of a specific diorganopolysiloxane , e . g ., dimethyl polysiloxane , of which from 5 to 50 % in number of the organic groups bonded to the silicon atoms are phenyl groups . | 2 |
a device for the recognition and readjustment of variations in the cylindrical yarn deposit at the insides of flanges of warp beams or sectional warp beams in warping machines has two sensor heads with three sensors at each flange and the corresponding switching and control devices . | 3 |
Discs of dusty debris around main-sequence stars indicate fragmentation of orbiting planetesimals, and for a few A-type stars, a gas component is also seen that may come from collisionally released volatiles. Here we find the sixth example of a CO-hosting disc, around the ∼30 Myr-old A0-star HD 32997. Two more of these CO-hosting stars, HD 21997 and 49 Cet, have also been imaged in dust with SCUBA-2 within the SCUBA-2 Survey of Nearby Stars project. A census of 27 A-type debris hosts within 125 pc now shows 7/16 detections of carbon-bearing gas within the 5-50 Myr epoch, with no detections in 11 older systems. Such a prolonged period of high fragmentation rates corresponds quite well to the epoch when most of the Earth was assembled from planetesimal collisions. Recent models propose that collisional products can be spatially asymmetric if they originate at one location in the disc, with CO particularly exhibiting this behaviour as it can photodissociate in less than an orbital period. Of the six CO-hosting systems, only β Pic is in clear support of this hypothesis. However, radiative transfer modelling with the ProDiMo code shows that the CO is also hard to explain in a proto-planetary disc context. | 9 |
a system and method for monitoring participant security in a rideshare environment is provided . a rideshare participant device is made available to at least one rideshare participant during a rideshare . a security check is triggered while the rideshare is in progress . an action is performed based on the security check during which security information is gathered regarding the rideshare participant device . the security information is analyzed for any inconsistencies . a security response provider is contacted when the inconsistency is identified . | 6 |
a manipulator - guided gripping device for motor vehicle body parts includes a number of device parts and a safety device , which serves to determine geometrical changes of the device parts . at least one deflection safety device , which prevents collisions , is provided on the device parts . the deflection safety device is mounted on a junction point between the device parts . | 1 |
an adaptive error concealment system uses either a horizontal or vertical average as a replacement pixel for an erroneous pixel . the choice is dependent upon the amount of horizontal information in at least one adjacent horizontal line . this avoids errors if certain horizontal or vertical stripe patterns are present in the video signal . | 7 |
an apparatus and method for positioning a latch assembly and a striker on a motor vehicle is disclosed . the apparatus is designed to improve the fit of the tailgate to the side walls or truck body . a good fit is defined as the outer surface of the tailgate and the outer surface of the side wall being coplanar when the tailgate is in the closed position . the apparatus , by way of a first formation and first locating element , determines the position of the latch assembly with respect to outer surface of the tailgate . the apparatus , by way of a second formation and second locating element , also determines the location of the striker with respect to the outer surface of the side walls . the apparatus , by way of a body member , also determines the position of the striker with respect to the latch assembly and vice versa . by setting the latch assembly and the striker by the above relations , build variances of the tailgate and of the truck body are eliminated as a possible cause for a poor fit . | 4 |
We present a chemodynamical analysis of 11,562 metal-rich, high-eccentricity halo-like main-sequence stars, which have been referred to as the Splash or Splashed Disk, selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope. When divided into two groups, a low-[α/Fe] population (LAP) and a high-[α/Fe] population (HAP), based on kinematics and chemistry, we find that they exhibit very distinct properties, indicative of different origins. From a detailed analysis of their orbital inclinations, we suggest that the HAP arises from a large fraction (~90%) of heated disk stars and a small fraction (~10%) of in situ stars from a starburst population, likely induced by interaction of the Milky Way with the Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE) or another early merger. The LAP comprises about half accreted stars from the GSE and half formed by the GSE-induced starburst. Our findings further imply that the Splash stars in our sample originated from at least three different mechanisms: accretion, disk heating, and a merger-induced starburst. | 9 |
a multi - lenses optical device with high resolution is provided for converting an optical image into electronic signals . the multi - lenses optical device includes a focusing unit for focusing a plurality of sections of the optical image to correspondingly generate a plurality of focused image sections with the same ratio and having the same optical path length , a photoelectric conversion unit for converting the plurality of focused image sections into the electronic signals , a switching unit for sequentially having each one of the focused image sections or the optical image sections selected and having the selected image section transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit , and a light - reflecting unit mounted between the photoelectric conversion unit and the focusing units for transmitting the plurality of image sections . | 7 |
Over twenty years ago, Type Ia Supernovae (SNIa) [arXiv:astro-ph/9805201, arXiv:astro-ph/9812133] observations revealed an accelerating Universe expansion, suggesting a significant dark energy presence, often modelled as a cosmological constant, $\Lambda$. Despite its pivotal role in cosmology, the standard $\Lambda$CDM model remains largely underexplored in the redshift range between distant SNIa and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). This study harnesses the James Webb Space Telescope's advanced capabilities to extend the Hubble flow mapping across an unprecedented redshift range, from $z \approx 0$ to $z \approx 7.5$. Utilising a dataset of 231 HII galaxies and extragalactic HII regions, we employ the $\text{L}-\sigma$ relation, correlating the luminosity of Balmer lines with their velocity dispersion, to define a competitive technique for measuring cosmic distances. This approach maps the Universe's expansion over more than 12 billion years, covering 95\% of its age. Our analysis, using Bayesian inference, constrains the parameter space $\lbrace h, \Omega_m, w_0\rbrace = \lbrace 0.731\pm0.039, 0.302^{+0.12}_{-0.069}, -1.01^{+0.52}_{-0.29}\rbrace $ (statistical) for a flat Universe. These results provide new insights into cosmic evolution and suggest uniformity in the photo-kinematical properties of young massive ionizing clusters in giant HII regions and HII galaxies across most of the Universe's history. | 9 |
a bio - selective potentiometric electrode probe for the determination of amino acid concentrations in aqueous liquids comprising an ammonia gas analytical electrode provided at its tip with a closely adjacent thin layer of a fresh animal tissue containing , as a natural constituent thereof , an enzyme effective to catalyze degradation of the specific amino acid in analysis to either ammonia or to an intermediate compound subject to further degradation to ammonia by an additional enzyme , which ammonia is a function of the amino acid concentration in the liquid . | 6 |
a method for manufacturing electronic devices , such as memory cells and lv transistors , with salicided junctions , that includes : depositing an upper layer of polycrystalline silicon ; defining the upper layer , obtaining floating gate regions on first areas , lv gate regions on second areas of a substrate , and undefined regions on the first and third areas of the substrate ; forming first cell source regions laterally to the floating gate regions ; forming lv source and drain regions laterally to the lv gate regions ; forming a silicide layer on the lv source and drain regions , on the lv gate regions , and on the undefined portions ; defining hv gate regions on the third areas , and selection gate regions on the first areas ; forming source regions laterally to the selection gate regions , and source and drain regions laterally to the hv gate regions . | 7 |
in a high speed document printing system a hole mask circuit is provided to compensate for erroneous indications of the entry of additional documents into the system due to the sensing of a discontinuity or aperture within the body of a valid document . the hole mask circuit receives a document present signal from an associated sensor and employs a retriggerable timing means to inhibit the recognition of an additional document unless the sensor has previously signaled the continuous absence of a document for a preselected time interval . the circuit is capable of discriminating between a valid document having apertures of a preselected maximum size , documents having invalidly sized apertures and spacings between successive documents . | 6 |
a data recording device and a camera device in which , while using a disc drive not employing tracking servo , destruction of recorded data is prevented against an impact applied during data recording . the data recording device or a camera device includes a recording unit 32 for recording data on the disc - shaped recording medium without employing tracking servo provided in the inside of a casing , an acceleration sensor 33 for detecting an impact applied to the casing and a control unit 28 , 31 , 36 for controlling the recording unit for discontinuing data recording on the disc - shaped recording medium if an impact exceeding a pre - set value is detected based on detection results from the acceleration sensor 33 . by discontinuing data recording on the disc - shaped recording medium on detection by the acceleration sensor 33 of an impact exceeding a pre - set value , it becomes possible to prevent destruction of recorded data on the disc - shaped recording medium and failure in recording . | 7 |
an image of a subject or a patient is displayed on a computing device . a body map overlay is displayed over the image . the body map comprises a plurality of body regions . tapping a selected body region captures the image displayed and automatically tags the captured image with information regarding the body region that was captured . the image can subsequently be sent to a central database where a plurality of such images can be stored and later retrieved . the images can be indexed by body region or other parameters such as time , date , location , etc . the mobile application can also be used to access the database and show the images which may be ordered by body region or the other parameters . | 6 |
a rectangular central flexible web or sling has its opposite ends rigidified by cross braces . several handles extend outward at each end of the web . each handle includes a double - thickness overfolded tab or web with spaced grommets for the ends of a cordlike handle loop . loops at opposite ends of the sling are aligned . | 0 |
an image processing method enables to reconstruct a new image viewed from set pov position and direction without increasing a communication amount . to do so , in the image processing method of reconstructing the new image at a pov position where no actual photographing is performed , from among plural images respectively photographed at different pov positions , there are provided a setting step of setting pov position / direction information ; a transmission step of transmitting the set pov position / direction information to plural photographing devices ; a reception step of receiving effective pixel information of images according to the pov position / direction information respectively from the plural photographing devices ; and a reconstruction step of reconstructing the new image based on the received effective pixel information , wherein the photographing device extracts a effective pixel from the photographed image , on the basis of the pov position / direction information . | 6 |
a pumping system for delivering unstable fluids under pressure , comprising a pair of alternately operated single - acting pumps operated by a double - acting air motor . the air motor is controlled by a reversible spool valve and mechanically operated air pilot valves . the single - acting pumps deliver and contain relatively small quantities of the unstable fluid to a positive flow metering system for connection to an outlet to spray guns or other equipment using the fluid . the metering system includes a metering valve , a flow meter and a bypass valve for removing trapped air and presetting flow . | 1 |
a locking system for a piece of jewelry , including mutually complementary interacting locking parts shaped as coupling parts of a male and female type , where each locking part additionally includes polarized magnets , where each locking part opposite the coupling parts additionally includes end parts with connecting means for connecting the end parts with one or more pieces of jewelry , e . g . in the form of necklaces , bracelets , ankle bands , headbands , belts or the like . | 8 |
there is disclosed a protective shield assembly for positioning about an area of an animal to be protected and comprised of semicylindrically - shaped sections or elongated sleeve members hingeable mounted to one another and provided with inwardly extending mounting elements for supportably engaging portions of the leg of the animal about the area to be protected . | 0 |
one embodiment of a method for aligning measurements taken by a plurality of color measurement instruments with measurements taken by an industry standard color measurement instrument includes receiving a first set of spectral data from the plurality of instruments , receiving a second set of spectral data from the industry standard instrument , generating initial profiles for the plurality of instruments , mathematically correcting the first set of spectral data using the initial profiles to produce a third set of spectral data , and generating new profiles for the plurality of instruments ( by calculating a mean of the third set of spectral data , and producing , for each given instrument , a second correction that aligns the spectral data taken by the given instrument with the mean . | 6 |
the present invention is connected with the holographic interferometry method and device that provides , to a very high precision , the reconstructing the original waveform of light emitted or reflected by an object . this method allows image resolution close to that of the wavelength of the light being used . the non - destructive method of holographic interferometry coupled with impulse heating of the test article to allow observation of its dynamic response to operating conditions , as described herein , is one of the most effective non - contact automated quality control methods available . | 6 |
the tension member for a belt of this invention is made from a glass cord . first twist yarns of this glass cord are obtained by paralleling and twisting a plurality of fiber bundles , each including a large number of glass filaments , by a predetermined first twist number . the fiber bundles are previously soaked with a treatment liquid including a mixture of rubber latex and an initial condensation product of resorcinol and formalin as a main component and then heated . the glass cord is fabricated by paralleling a predetermined number of the first twist yarns and twisting them by a predetermined final twist number , so as to squeeze and substantially eliminating spaces among the first twist yarns . accordingly , the belt including this glass cord as the tension member can achieve good water resistance because externally intruding water is prevented from being held within the belt . | 3 |
the invention relates to the use of cyclic prolyl glycine and analogs and mimetics thereof , as neuroprotective agents for the treatment and or prevention of neurological disorders including but not limited to cerebral ischemia or cerebral infarction resulting from a range of phenomena , such as thromboembolic or hemorrhagic stroke , cerebral basospasms , hypoglycemia , cardiac arrest , status epilepticus , perinatal asphyxia , anoxia such as from drowning , pulmonary surgery , and cerebral trauma , as well as to the treatment and prevention of chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as alzheimer &# 39 ; s disease , parkinson &# 39 ; s disease , and huntington &# 39 ; s disease , and as anticonvulsants . | 0 |
The detection of an electromagnetic counterpart (GRB 170817A) to the gravitational-wave signal (GW170817) from the merger of two neutron stars opens a completely new arena for testing theories of gravity. We show that this measurement allows us to place stringent constraints on general scalar-tensor and vector-tensor theories, while allowing us to place an independent bound on the graviton mass in bimetric theories of gravity. These constraints severely reduce the viable range of cosmological models that have been proposed as alternatives to general relativistic cosmology. | 9 |
a magnetic separation apparatus , comprising : a separation tank to which wastewater containing flocculated magnetic flocs is supplied ; a disk - shaped or a drum - shaped separator that adsorbs the magnetic flocs with magnetic force while being rotated , the separator being arranged in the separation tank ; and a collection device that collects the magnetic flocs adsorbed by the separator , wherein the improvement comprises that a rotational direction of the separator in the wastewater in the separation tank is set to be the same as a flow direction of the wastewater flowing in the separation tank as well as a lower portion of the separator being under the wastewater in the separation tank . | 1 |
an improved optical radiation source for use in illumination that is obtained from a thinwall tubular arc lamp with a high input power density that delivers high brightness . it includes a constricting enclosure that exerts a compressive force upon the insulating tube forming the envelope of said lamp to counteract tensile strain in the tube caused by higher gas pressure within the tube and a higher thermal gradient within the walls of said tube . | 7 |
semiconductor devices such as integrated circuits and discrete transistors are mounted on cards and the cards are installed on raised racks extending up from the bottom of a tank forming a burn - in chamber . the racks are individually lowered to immerse the cards and operating devices in a bath of liquid heat exchange medium at an elevated temperature . the racks are individually accessible through aligned segments of a segmented cover to reduce the intrusion of room water vapor into the burn - in chamber . the elevated temperature of the medium is maintained during the procedure by pumping the medium over mechanical cooling coils to remove excess heat produced by the operating devices . a lead screw and lever mechanical combination provide variable speed pumping , to accommodate changes in medium viscosity , from a fixed speed motor . the pumping also mixes the medium around the cards and devices to produce uniformity in the medium temperature . medium and water vapors in the chamber are blown across acid absorbing material to hydrofluouric acid vapors and then across condensor coils to change them to liquids for conserving the expensive medium . the liquid water is separated from the intermixed liquids from the condensor in a separator that has deep wells and an electrode and bridge circuit to indicate the presence of a certain quantity of liquid water . the liquid water is discarded and the liquid medium is returned to the burn - in chamber . a filter removes particulate and chemical contaminates from the liquid medium , and a weir assembly channels contaminates that float on top of the medium to an agitation box and therefrom to the filter . | 1 |
a method of optimizing system parameters in a crude unit to reduce corrosion and corrosion byproduct deposition in the crude unit is disclosed and claimed . the method includes measuring or predicting properties associated with the system parameters and using an automated controller to analyze the properties to cause adjustments in the chemical program to optimize the system parameters . adjusting the system parameters effectively controls corrosion in the crude unit by reducing the corrosiveness of a fluid in the process stream and / or by protecting the system from a potentially corrosive substance . system parameter sensing probes are arranged at one or more locations in the process stream to allow accurate monitoring of the system parameters in the crude unit . | 2 |
this invention is directed to tissue equivalent prostheses containing perforations , which when grafted to a mammalian host , serves as a replacement body part or tissue structure while integrating with the tissue of host . the perforations provide channels for cellular ingrowth thus improving integration of the tissue equivalent to the host tissue . the prostheses of this invention , in their various embodiments , thus have dual properties : first , they function as a substitute body part , and second , they function as a template for cellular ingrowth and bioremodeling by the host cells . | 0 |
a polyisocyanate modified with sulphamic acid and a mixture thereof , the preparation method thereof , and the use thereof in the production of polyurethane , especially as a cross - linking ingredient in the field of aqueous coatings and adhesives containing groups that are capable of reacting with isocyanate groups . | 2 |
a mixing capsule assembly , particularly for use in preparing dental amalgams , comprises an outer capsule for receiving one of the materials to be mixed , and an inner capsule to receive a second material to be mixed and to be enclosed within the outer capsule . the inner capsule includes two sections attachable together by complementary frictionally - engaging surfaces of conical configuration . the arrangement is such that when the inner capsule is impacted against an inner face of the outer capsule during the vibration of the assembly , the complementary surfaces are moved away from each other to permit some of the second material to pass between them and to mix with the material in the outer capsule ; and when the inner capsule is impacted against the opposite inner face of the outer capsule , the complementary surfaces are moved back to block the passage of material between them . | 0 |
a storage battery system includes : a secondary battery ; a holding member comprising a flow channel of a cooling medium for cooling the secondary battery , which holds the secondary battery ; a medium temperature measuring unit that measures temperatures t 1 and t 2 of the cooling medium at two locations in the flow channel ; a battery temperature measuring unit that measures a temperature t 3 of the secondary battery ; and a judging unit that repetitively calculates a coefficient α and that judges a cooling performance of the secondary battery based on a variation of the coefficient α , the coefficient α being defined as /, /, or /. | 7 |
a catalyst composition for the polymerization of polyamide / copolyamide comprising a primary catalyst which comprises an alkali metal hypophosphite or an alkali - earth metal hypophosphite , and an organic phosphite cocatalyst . the catalyst composition of this invention is most useful when used in conjunction with the reactive extrusion technology which requires a very fast polymerization rate to take full advantage of this evolving technology . | 2 |
disclosed is the novel use of some aza - podophyllotoxin derivatives for modulation of the immune system , including a method for modulating an immune response comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of at least one aza - podophyllotoxin derivative of general formula wherein a - ring is selected from the group consisting of 1 , 3 - dioxolane , cyclopentane , 1 , 4 - dioxane , one methoxy , two methoxys , and ethyl ; and wherein e - ring is selected from the group consisting of dimethoxyanisole , veratrol , anisole , benzene , syringol , bromobenzene , chlorobenzene , 1 , 2 - dichlorobenzene , 2 , 3 - dimethoxybenzene , 3 , 4 , 5 - trimethoxybenzene . | 0 |
NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft was launched 11 February 2010 with three instruments onboard, including the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). After commissioning, HMI began normal operations on 1 May 2010 and has subsequently observed the Sun's entire visible disk almost continuously. HMI collects sequences of polarized filtergrams taken at a fixed cadence with two 4096 ×4096 cameras, from which are computed arcsecond-resolution maps of photospheric observables that include line-of-sight velocity and magnetic field, continuum intensity, line width, line depth, and the Stokes polarization parameters [I ,Q ,U ,V ]. Two processing pipelines have been implemented at the SDO Joint Science Operations Center (JSOC) at Stanford University to compute these observables from calibrated Level-1 filtergrams, one that computes line-of-sight quantities every 45 seconds and the other, primarily for the vector magnetic field, that computes averages on a 720-second cadence. Corrections are made for static and temporally changing CCD characteristics, bad pixels, image alignment and distortion, polarization irregularities, filter-element uncertainty and nonuniformity, as well as Sun-spacecraft velocity. We detail the functioning of these two pipelines, explain known issues affecting the measurements of the resulting physical quantities, and describe how regular updates to the instrument calibration impact them. We also describe how the scheme for computing the observables is optimized for actual HMI observations. Initial calibration of HMI was performed on the ground using a variety of light sources and calibration sequences. During the five years of the SDO prime mission, regular calibration sequences have been taken on orbit to improve and regularly update the instrument calibration, and to monitor changes in the HMI instrument. This has resulted in several changes in the observables processing that are detailed here. The instrument more than satisfies all of the original specifications for data quality and continuity. The procedures described here still have significant room for improvement. The most significant remaining systematic errors are associated with the spacecraft orbital velocity. | 9 |
a deployable rod for hanging clothes after removal from a dryer . the apparatus is a circular rod with a hinge mechanism that is attached to a vertical wall surface . in a retracted state , it folds compactly up against the wall . in a deployed state , it extends perpendicularly outward . the apparatus is supported in the extended outward position by a cable that extends from the outer end back to the wall surface at a 45 ° angle . this cable support system provides strength for holding clothes . a user could remove clothes from a dryer , immediately place them on hangers and then hang them from the employed apparatus in the extended position ; however , other articles may be supported in this manner . | 0 |
Theoretical achievements, as well as much controversy, surround multiverse theory. Various types of multiverses, with an increasing amount of complexity, were suggested and thoroughly discussed in literature by now. While these types are very different, they all share the same basic idea: our physical reality consists of more than just one universe. Each universe within a possibly huge multiverse might be slightly or even very different from the others. The quilted multiverse is one of these types, whose uniqueness arises from the postulate that every possible event will occur infinitely many times in infinitely many universes. In this paper we show that the quilted multiverse is not self-consistent due to the instability of entropy decrease under small perturbations. We therefore propose a modified version of the quilted multiverse which might overcome this shortcoming. It includes only those universes where the minimal entropy occurs at the same instant of (cosmological) time. Only these universes whose initial conditions are fine-tuned within a small phase-space region would evolve consistently to form their "close" states at present. A final boundary condition on the multiverse may further lower the amount of possible, consistent universes. Finally, some related observations regarding the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics and the emergence of classicality are discussed. | 9 |
a check presentation device provides the customers in a hospitality setting , such as a restaurant , with added convenience of instant payment capability . the check presentation device includes a wireless payment receiver , such as , for example and rfid receiver . the check and check presentation device are given to customer seeking to pay and leave the establishment . the customer uses their rfid enabled payment card or device and can input gratuity and / or other information directly into the check presentation device . the check presentation device is in communication with a central clearing facility that confirms receipt of payment and provides confirmation of the same and receipts to the customer directly . | 6 |
disclosed is a method and apparatus for dynamically adjusting the playout delay for audio signals , which mainly includes three parts of dynamic adjustment , i . e ., playout delay , silence length , and jitter buffer size . in the invention , the time for playout delay is real - time adjusted according to the probability distribution of the number of packets buffered in a jitter buffer . a voice detection is taken to detect silence within a voice packet . by dynamically adjusting the silence length in the voice packets , the present invention reduces the network variation impact on the voice quality . it also overcomes the drawback of conventional techniques for estimating playout delay , and reduces the whole computation complexity of the playout delay for the voice packets . | 6 |
a drop - in anchor includes a sleeve having a threaded region having an internal thread formed therein and a split region having at least two longitudinal channels formed therein . the channels define sections . the split region has inwardly tapered inner walls . a plug is configured for engagement with the sleeve at the split region . the plug has a top surface and defines a tapered shape . a bolt having a threaded portion and a through - bore extending longitudinally therethrough , is configured for threaded engagement with the sleeve threaded region . a setting member is configured for insertion into the bolt bore . the setting member engages the plug top surface and a force exerted on the setting member drives the plug into the sleeve split region so as to urge the split region sections axially outwardly . a method for securing the anchor in the opening in the structure is also disclosed . | 5 |
containers of the wraparound and tray style are provided , having enhanced stacking strength and general robustness , through the provision of internal and external reinforcing panels and flanges . variations of the basic invention are provided with closure flaps of varying configuration and placement ; end walls and minor flaps with angled side edges to provide for containers having inclined sides ; regions of weakness , removable portions of panels and / or preformed apertures to permit conversion of the containers to display / merchandising modes ; gusseted corner structures to provide for containment of fluent materials ; and enhanced transverse support structures . | 1 |
We present the FastEMRIWaveforms (FEW) package, a collection of tools to build and analyze extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) waveforms. Here, we expand on [A. J. K. Chua et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 051102 (2021)., 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.051102] that introduced the first fast and accurate fully-relativistic EMRI waveform template model. We discuss the construction of the overall framework; constituent modules; and the general methods used to accelerate EMRI waveforms. Because the fully relativistic FEW model waveforms are for now limited to eccentric orbits in the Schwarzschild spacetime, we also introduce an improved augmented analytic kludge (AAK) model that describes generic Kerr inspirals. Both waveform models can be accelerated using graphics processing unit (GPU) hardware. With the GPU-accelerated waveforms in hand, a variety of studies are performed including an analysis of EMRI mode content, template mismatch, and fully Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo-based EMRI parameter estimation. We find relativistic EMRI waveform templates can be generated with fewer harmonic modes (∼10 - 100 ) without biasing signal extraction. However, we show for the first time that extraction of a relativistic injection with semirelativistic amplitudes can lead to strong bias and anomalous structure in the posterior distribution for certain regions of parameter space. | 9 |
1 - benzyl - 4 -- 2 - yl ] methylpiperidine or hydrochloride thereof , which is useful as a drug , can be produced in high purity by safer and easier operations suitable for industrial production by subjecting 1 - benzyl - 4 -- 2 - ylidene ] methyl - piperidine or a solvate thereof to catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of a palladium - alumina catalyst and if necessary , converting the thus obtained compound to its hydrochloride . | 2 |
a bactericidal composition and method for inhibiting and controlling the growth of the capsulated , facultative bacterium , klebsiella pneumoniae , are disclosed . the composition comprises an amount , effective for the intended purpose , of 2 - ethanamine hydrochloride and n - tri butyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride . the method comprises administering between about 0 . 1 to about 200 parts of this combined treatment to the particular water containing system for which treatment is desired . | 2 |
a vector space comprising all of the filter coefficients for different interfering signals ) is provided , based on an acquired impulse response . a linear vector sub - space comprising all of the optimal filter coefficients for different interfering signals ) is established from said vector space using a vector space optimization method . the filter coefficients are established from the vector sub - space according to the current interfering signal ) being detected , during ongoing data transmission and at the maximum transmission speed . | 7 |
an expandable packer or anchor is disclosed . it features a gripping device integral to or mounted in a sleeve over the mandrel . upon expansion , a sealing element engages an outer tubular and the gripping device , such as wickers on slips , preferably digs into the outer tubular . the expansion is preferably by pressure and can incorporate pressure intensifiers delivered by slick line or wire line . release is accomplished by a release tool , which is delivered on slick line or wire line . it stretches the anchor or packer longitudinally , getting it to retract radially , for release . the release tool can be combined with packers or anchors that have a thin walled feature in the mandrel , to release by pulling the mandrel apart . | 4 |
an apparatus for providing heat sinks or heat spreaders for stacked semiconductor devices . alignment apparatus may be included for the alignment of the stacked semiconductor devices . an enclosure may be used as the heat sink or heat spreader . | 8 |
This release contains the scripts used for the analyzes in Souza and Bruning, 2021 | 9 |
an alarm system for signaling incapacity of a vehicle driver to sustain a safe level of attention to his driving as may be occasioned by want of sleep or the influence of alcohol or drugs , with such system including an electric enabling switch in series with the ignition switch and the battery . a normally closed push button alarm switch is mounted on the steering wheel whereby a driver &# 39 ; s hand can concurrently grip the steering wheel and depress the button to keep the alarm switch open . the alarm switch is in series with the other switches as well as with an alarm signaling device so that an alarm is given when the driver &# 39 ; s grip on the steering wheel is relaxed . another signal device is connected in series with the battery and the ignition and enabling switches whereby passengers may be assured that the alarm system is energized and has not been disabled by an overconfident driver . | 6 |
This code can be used to apply the methodology described in: https://esd.copernicus.org/preprints/esd-2021-79/ This repository is a clone of the following repository: https://gitlab.irstea.fr/erwan.le-roux/pynonstationarygev The developer and owner of this code is Erwan Le Roux: [email protected] | 9 |
a method for spatializing text content for enhanced visual browsing and analysis . the invention is applied to large text document corpora such as digital libraries , regulations and procedures , archived reports , and the like . the text content from these sources may e transformed to a spatial representation that preserves informational characteristics from the documents . the three - dimensional representation may then be visually browsed and analyzed in ways that avoid language processing and that reduce the analysts &# 39 ; effort . | 8 |
a storage system for holding athletic equipment , and particularly for holding bicycles . the storage system includes two vertically adjustable longitudinal support members attached by cross support pieces . the storage system may be disposed between two substantially horizontal surfaces , such as a floor and a ceiling . a mechanism for fine adjustment of the height of the storage system is provided to achieve a tight fit of the storage system between the floor and ceiling and to compensate for non - parallelism therebetween . | 1 |
a plurality of pilot operated coolant control valves are mounted in manifolds which in turn are positioned adjacent the work and backup rolls of a rolling mill and used to supply coolant to said rolls in desirable spray patterns covering the surfaces of the rolls and operable only when the rolling mill is functioning normally . | 8 |
an abstract for a quench valve of a cryostat , in particular for use in a magnetic resonance imaging system , is attachable to the quench valve so as to raise the cracking pressure of the quench valve without changing the operability of the quench valve . such an accessory device is usable to enable the cryostat , containing a cryogen , to be safely transported by air transportation . | 5 |
a baby holder including a cushioned support having pairs of curved channel or indent undersides at substantially right angles to one another to allow resting of the support on the upper legs of a seated parent with the baby facing the parent &# 39 ; s chest or sideways , and with its head supported by the cushion and its legs extended along the cushion . | 0 |
a method for terminating a plurality of optical fibers arranged in a two - dimensional arrangement comprises inserting the plurality of optical fibers into and through a fiber ferrule , where the fiber ferrule has a plurality of parallel channels extending from an entry surface through to a polish surface ; polishing the polish surface including an end of each of the plurality of optical fibers to form a coplanar surface at a polish angle relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the parallel channels ; and affixing a glass plate to the polish surface . | 6 |
the invention relates to a method for a coupling device for connecting an electrical / electronic component , in particular a sensor , having a substrate , in particular a circuit board , wherein the coupling device comprises at least one electrical connection for electrical contacting and at least one damper element for movement uncoupling , wherein the electrical connection is formed by a lead frame and the lead frame is overmolded in regions by a damping mass as a damper element . the invention furthermore relates to an assembly having a coupling device and a method for producing said type of assembly . | 8 |
the present disclosure relates to a hardware protocol stack , and more particularly , to a hardware protocol stack to which a user - defined protocol is applicable . the present disclosure compares header information stored in a register unit with header information of a received frame , and determines a processing of the received frame on the basis of a comparison result . also , according to a determined frame process method , data of the received frame is processed based on a logic according to the header information , it is stored at a designated position , or a response frame is transmitted . | 7 |
a wager is placed by a first user for a second user , through a wager server . the wager is composed from a selection of events and associated odds . the wager is tracked by the wager server . once an outcome of the wager is determined , the wager server notifies the second user . if the outcome is positive , the second user is provided the winnings of the wager , while the first user receives no monetary reward from the wager . | 6 |
a carrying device uses a folding structural frame covered by a shell . the frame is configured with two rigid members , which are joined together by two pivotable joints . a two - part base piece attaches to the frame and creates a structural bottom for the bag , with the base supporting articles placed inside of the bag . the frame and base create support that enables the bag to stand upright on a flat surface . the shell is made from a soft , flexible fabric material . the assembly is capable of folding to a substantially flat position , with the frame members moving relative to one another around the pivotable joints , and the base folding in half and becoming substantially co - planar with the frame . a strap attaches to the device in multiple configurations , allowing the device to be carried in different ways . | 1 |
in a wireless communication system , a plurality of communication devices performs transmission and reception , each communication device including a signal processing unit / transmitting unit , a mac layer processing unit and an ip layer processing unit . the ip layer processing unit includes an ad hoc network processing unit , an address information management unit , a relay information storage unit and an arp information storage unit . the arp information storage unit stores an adaptive address code information table and the relay information storage unit stores a relay information table . | 7 |
a demountable and remountable wall assembly for partitioning room space between an overhead and a floor , the major elements of which are reusable . the assembly provides one or two walls , at lease one of which has an outer fastener - free surface . additionally , the fastener - free surface may be made substantially smooth and seamless . the walls are arranged in planar congruence , separated by internal spacers or studs , and vertically positioned between the overhead and floor of the room space to be partitioned . removable tracks or spacers at the top and bottom of the wall assembly serves to interface the wall assembly with the floor and ceiling of the space . the walls are constructed of either finished or unfinished wall panels which are incorporated into the assembly using a combination of removable fasteners and releasable adhesives . the finished or exposed area of a wall surface includes no fasteners . any fasteners used to fix a wall panel in place is covered by a removable trim or other removable feature , which make the fasteners readily exposable and easy to remove . | 4 |
enibodiments of the invention provide a single apparatus for connecting a flat antenna to a plurality of surfaces , including vertical , horizontal or other inclined surfaces , by screws , suction components or other connectors . | 7 |
a valve system oriented for an irrigation system which is activated by a control unit is disclosed . the system comprises a solenoid switch and a manual switch , wherein an electrical wire extends from the valve to the control unit . the manual switch operates as a hand handling rotating lever ; another use of manual switch is to serve as a means to force close the solenoid valve &# 39 ; s outlet opening so as to provide a mechanism responsive to preventing automatic opening of solenoid valve controlled by control unit . | 5 |
provided is a plurality of reusable freezable cold packs that are applied to a user &# 39 ; s extremity via a strap assembly . the device includes a strap assembly that resembles an adjustable bottomless sandal or a wrist brace . the cold packs include multiple attachment points for use with the strap assembly . the strap assembly comprises an elastic strap and a fastener to enable a user to apply the cold packs to a desired area on hands and feet without holding it in place for a prolonged period of time . the freezable cold packs help sooth pain on contact and eliminate the need to use hard ice cubes , which may cause pain or melt and cause water to drip on the floor , furniture , and other surfaces . the present device provides a simple and convenient means for a user to apply cold therapy to his or her hands or feet . | 0 |
We present an archival Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) study of the cyanide radical (CN) N = 1 - 0/carbon monoxide (CO) J = 1 - 0 intensity ratio in nearby (z < 0.05) ultra-luminous and luminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs). We identify 16 U/LIRGs that have been observed in both CN and CO lines at ~500 pc resolution based on 16 different ALMA projects. We measure the (CN bright)/CO and (CN bright)/(CN faint) intensity ratios at an ensemble of molecular clouds scales (CN bright = CN N = 1 - 0, J = 3/2 - 1/2; CN faint = CN N = 1 - 0, J = 1/2 - 1/2 hyperfine groupings). Our global measured (CN bright)/CO ratios range 0.02-0.15 in LIRGs and 0.08-0.17 in ULIRGs. We attribute the larger spread in LIRGs to the variety of galaxy environments included in our sample. Overall, we find that the (CN bright)/CO ratio is higher in nuclear regions, where the physical and excitation conditions favour increased CN emission relative to the disc regions. 10 out of 11 galaxies which contain well-documented active galactic nuclei show higher ratios in the nucleus compared with the disc. Finally, we measure the median resolved (CN bright)/(CN faint) ratio and use it to estimate the total integrated CN line optical depth in ULIRGs (τ ~ 0.96) and LIRGs (τ ~ 0.23). The optical depth difference is likely due to the higher molecular gas surface densities found in the more compact ULIRG systems. | 9 |
a method and apparatus for determining the concentration of organic acids in formation fluids is provided including pumps for pumping fluids from a subterranean formation into the body of a downhole tool and sources for illuminating the flow with infrared radiation to obtain the infrared absorption or a related parameter at one or more wavelengths , and processors for converting the measured absorption into the concentration of the organic acids , using for example a multi - value calibration matrix which relates ir absorption spectral values to concentration measurement under downhole conditions . | 4 |
an unsupervised back propagation method for training neural networks . for a set of inputs , target outputs are assigned l &# 39 ; s and o &# 39 ; s randomly or arbitrarily for a small number of outputs . the learning process is initiated and the convergence of outputs towards targets is monitored . at intervals , the learning is paused , and the values for those targets for the outputs which are converging at a less than average rate , are changed , and the learning is then resumed with the new targets . the process is continuously iterated and the outputs converge on a stable classification , thereby providing unsupervised back propagation . in a further embodiment , samples classified with the trained network may serve as the training sets for additional subdivisions to grow additional layers of a hierarchical classification tree which converges to indivisible branch tips . after training is completed , such a tree may be used to classify new unlabelled samples with high efficiency . in yet another embodiment , the unsupervised back propagation method of the present invention may be adapted to classify fuzzy sets . | 6 |
Source code for "Directed Percolation in Temporal Networks" and "Directed Percolation in Random Temporal Network Models with Heterogeneities". For more information on usage, see supplementary materials for "Directed Percolation in Random Temporal Network Models with Heterogeneities". | 9 |
a method of making a chip carrier array including the steps of providing a ceramic substrate and forming elongated slots in the substrate which define the edges thereof and which form one severable interconnecting bridge at each edge of each chip carrier , which bridges maintain the individual chip carriers in the array . a plurality of edge interconnect conductors are formed along each edge portion of each chip carrier on either side of the interconnecting bridges . | 8 |
in an embodiment , an interchangeable corner hanger to ornament framing protruding corner structures is provided . the interchangeable corner hanger includes a horizontal portion and a vertical portion . the horizontal portion is designed to rest on an exposed edge of a corner structure , and the vertical portion is designed to hang over the corner of the corner structure and rest against a wall upon which the trim is attached . the vertical portion has a length sufficient to stabilize the corner hanger without the use of other adhesives or attachments . in an embodiment , the vertical portion is configured to allow one or more interlocking elements to be suspended from the vertical portion . for example , the vertical portion may include an interlocking pattern configured to accept a complimentary interlocking pattern on an interlocking element . further interlocking elements may be attached to the interlocking element . | 8 |
This paper is the fourth in a series presenting (galaxy morphology, and thus galaxy formation)-dependent black hole (BH) mass, M <SUB>BH</SUB>, scaling relations. We have used a sample of 119 galaxies with directly measured M <SUB>BH</SUB> and host spheroid parameters obtained from multicomponent decomposition of, primarily, 3.6 μm Spitzer images. Here, we investigate the correlations between M <SUB>BH</SUB> and the projected (apparent) luminosity density μ, the projected stellar mass density Σ, and the de-projected (internal) stellar mass density ρ, for various spheroid radii. We discover the predicted M <SUB>BH</SUB>-μ <SUB>0,sph</SUB> relation and present the first M <SUB>BH</SUB>-μ <SUB> e,sph</SUB> and M <SUB>BH</SUB>-ρ <SUB>e,int,sph</SUB> diagrams displaying slightly different (possibly curved) trends for early- and late-type galaxies (ETGs and LTGs, respectively) and an offset between ETGs with (fast-rotators, ES/S0) and without (slow-rotators, E) a disk. The scatter about various M <SUB>BH</SUB>-<Σ><SUB>R,sph</SUB> (and <ρ><SUB> r,sph</SUB>) relations is shown to systematically decrease as the enclosing aperture (and volume) increases, dropping from 0.69 dex when using the spheroid "compactness," <Σ><SUB>1kpc,sph</SUB>, to 0.59 dex when using <Σ><SUB>5kpc,sph</SUB>. We also reveal that M <SUB>BH</SUB> correlates with the internal density, ρ <SUB>soi,sph</SUB>, at the BH's sphere-of-influence radius, such that core-Sérsic (high Sérsic index, n) and (low-n) Sérsic galaxies define different relations with total rms scatters 0.21 dex and 0.77 dex, respectively. The M <SUB>BH</SUB>-<ρ><SUB>soi,sph</SUB> relations will help with direct estimation of tidal disruption event rates, binary BH lifetimes, and together with other BH scaling relations, improve the characteristic strain estimates for long-wavelength gravitational waves pursued with pulsar timing arrays and space-based interferometers. | 9 |
methods for treating inflammatory conditions wherein the active agent is a polyamine having the formula set forth below : ## str1 ## or a salt thereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid wherein : r 1 , r 2 , r 3 and r 4 may be the same or different and represent h , straight - or branched - chain alkyl , aryl , aryl alkyl or cycloalkyl of 1 - 12 carbon atoms ; a , b , c and d may be the same or different and are integers from 0 to 8 , except that when a or c is zero , b or d is greater than or equal to 3 and when a or c is one , b or d is greater than or equal to 2 ; and x , y and z may be the same or different ; x and z are integers from 0 to 10 ; and y is an integer from 1 to 10 , excluding the polyamine of the formula wherein a = b = c = d = 2 , x = z = 2 and y = 4 . | 0 |
methods and systems for optimizing server polling by a mobile client are described , thereby allowing mobile terminals to conserve battery life by more efficiently using resources such as the processor and transceiver in the mobile terminal . a broker system may be used to minimize wireless communication traffic used for polling . a broker stub intercepts server polling messages at the client , multiplexes the sever requests together , and forwards the multiplexed message to a broker skeleton that de - multiplexes and forwards the messages as appropriate . polling may also be dynamically adapted based on user behavior , or a server guard may be used to monitor changes to data , and notify a client to poll its respective server when the server guard detects new or updated data on that server for that client . | 7 |
a method for precisely controlling the charge pressure in an internal combustion engine with an exhaust - gas turbocharger is disclosed . according to said method , the output or torque of the turbine is determined based on the outputs or torques of the compressor and the loss on the shaft and the selected set point for the correcting variable for adjusting the charge pressure is determined according to said output or said torque of the turbine . | 5 |
This chapter is a non-expert introduction to the effective field theory of large scale structure. First, we give a detailed pedagogical explanation of why previous attempts to build non-linear cosmological perturbation theory failed. After that we introduce the description of dark matter as an effective non-ideal fluid and show how it corrects the shortcomings of the previous approaches. Finally, we develop a formulation of the effective field theory of large-scale structure from a nonequilibrium field theory perspective, called time-sliced perturbation theory. We show how this framework can be used for a consistent renormalization of cosmological correlation functions and a systematic resummation of large infrared effects relevant for the baryon acoustic oscillations. | 9 |
a cmos - based bus - hold circuit having overvoltage tolerance . the bus - hold circuit of the present invention includes , in addition to conventional input and latching inverters , a sense circuit and an arbiter circuit designed in combination to block overvoltage events from powering the latching inverter . the sense circuit includes a comparator designed to compare the potential of a standard high - potential power supply rail to the potential associated with a signal applied to the bus - hold circuit &# 39 ; s input node . the higher of those two potentials is used to activate the arbiter circuit that in turn couples the higher of those two signals to a pseudo high - potential power rail . the pseudo high - potential power rail is used to supply power to the latching inverter such that the latching inverter will not be activated during overvoltage conditions , particularly when the circuit is in its high - impedance state . the bus - hold circuit may be similarly designed to establish an undervoltage tolerance as well . | 7 |
a heat exchanger for cooling turbine components of a gas turbofan engine in which air to be cooled is directed along a first annular , radially extending path away from the engine and cooled by bypass air . the cooled air is returned to the engine along a second radially - extending path concentric to the first path . in a preferred embodiment , the heat exchanger is a standpipe extending from the compressor outlet to the bypass air duct and includes inner and outer tubular members oriented concentrically to form inner and outer counterflowing air flow paths which also are concentrically arranged . the outer member is mounted on the combustor casing and the inner member on a diffuser within the casing . accordingly , no mechanical connection exists between the inner and outer members . | 8 |
a continuous process for obtaining copper from a copper sulfide by : contacting a first batch of the copper sulfide with a first lixiviant containing cupric chloride , and a minimum amount of ferrous chloride to leach copper ; separating the leach liquor from from the undissolved solids and dividing the liquor into two portions ; one portion of the liquor containing about the same amount of copper as is leached from the copper sulfide in and ; cementing with iron the copper from the one portion of the liquor from ; recombining the portions of the liquor from ; oxidizing with oxygen the recombined portions from to form a second lixiviant ; the cuprous chloride therein being oxidized to cupric chloride and the iron therein , from cementing copper , being oxidized and precipitated ; contacting the copper sulfide solids from with the second lixiviant from to additionally leach the first batch of the copper sulfide ; recycling the leach liquor from to and using it as the first lixiviant in for leaching copper from a second batch of the copper sulfide , whereby substantially all the cupric chloride in the first lixiviant is reduced to cuprous chloride in . | 8 |
an electrostatic comb drive suitable for micro - electro - mechanical systems application uses shaped fingers to achieve bi - directional actuation from a uni - polar actuation pulse . the finger shape also provides auto - braking of the movable member of the drive using a simple actuating pulse . in a further embodiment , an end stop inhibits overshoot and a back spring pushes the movable portion of the device back toward an operating position . in yet a further embodiment , a vernier scale is provided on the movable portion of the drive relative to the fixed portion of the drive to indicate relative shift of these portions after the device is fabricated . | 7 |
the process of this invention destroys contaminants in a contaminant - containing aqueous stream . the subject process comprises providing a contaminant - containing aqueous feed stream including an initial amount of at least one of a group of contaminants including perchlorates , nitrates , and nitrites . the contaminant - containing aqueous feed stream includes a reducing agent . next the reducing agent - containing , contaminant - containing aqueous stream is heated . finally , the heated contaminant - containing aqueous stream is contacted with an oxidation - reduction catalyst for a period of time sufficient for reducing the excess amount of any of the perchlorates , nitrates , and nitrites contaminants by at least about 90 %. | 8 |
what is described is a length measurement system and method for measuring relative movements between first and second machine parts , said measurement system comprising a sensing head and a rule sensed by it , said sensing head being securely mountable on the first machine part and said rule being connectable with the second machine part during final assembly of the length measurement system , wherein the rule is mounted within a profiled part which is securely mountable on the second machine part in final assembly and into which the sensing head protrudes , said sensing head being preadjusted , via a removable mounting element , and being releasably connected with said profiled part , in a state prepared for final assembly , or said sensing head , when finally assembled , protruding into the profiled part without being supported thereon . | 6 |
a screen device in which a screen is provided in a contractable and expandable manner between a pair of screen installation frames , at least one of which is movable in a sliding manner , and the screen can be opened and closed by pulling it sideways , and which has upper guide frames for guiding the screen installation frames while covering their upper end sections . the screen installation frames have , at their upper end sections , fall - down prevention guide sections . the upper guide frames have , in their insides , guide rail projections which prevent , by holding the fall - down prevention guide sections , the upper end sections of the screen installation frames from coming out of the upper guide frames . | 4 |
an amplifier includes a first switch and a second switch each having a first terminal and a second terminal . the first terminals of the first and second switches respectively communicate with a first tank circuit and a second tank circuit . the second terminal of the second switch communicates with the second terminal of the first switch . a first capacitance having a first terminal connected directly to the second terminal of the first switch and the second terminal of the second switch . a second terminal of the first capacitance is connected directly to a first input voltage of the amplifier . a first load is connected across the first terminal of the first switch and the first terminal of the second switch . the amplifier generates a first output across the first load . | 7 |
the present invention comprises compositions and methods for forming an endovascular occlusion to treat conditions such as aneurysms , arterio - venous malformations , excessive blood supply to tumors , massive vascular hemorrhaging , and other conditions which require an embolization to alleviate the condition . embodiments of the present invention comprise compositions and methods that use calcium alginate , without or without endovascular coils or similar devices , to form occlusions at a site within the mammalian body targeted for occlusion . | 0 |
A tool for microlensing events simulation following the Galactic model developed by Koshimoto, Baba, and Bennett (2021), arXiv: 2104.03306, ApJ in press. The copyright of an included supplementary code, "option.cpp", belongs to Ian A. Bond and Takahiro Sumi. This version uses a random number generator from GSL (GNU Scientific Library). This is because we realized that the random number generator from the C++ standard library, which was used in v1.0, does not have very good randomness. | 9 |
We report on multi-wavelength monitoring observations of an M-dwarf flare star AD Leonis with the Seimei Telescope (6150-7930 Å), SCAT (Spectroscopic Chuo-university Astronomical Telescope; 3700-7500 Å), and NICER (Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer; 0.2-12.0 keV), with the collaboration of the OISTER (Optical and Infrared Synergetic Telescopes for Education and Research) program. Twelve flares are detected in total, including ten Hα, four X-ray, and four optical-continuum flares; one of them is a superflare with a total energy of ∼2.0 × 10<SUP>33</SUP> erg. We found that: (1) during the superflare, the Hα emission line full width at 1/8 maximum dramatically increases to 14 Å from 8 Å in the low-resolution spectra (R ∼ 2000) accompanied by large white-light flares, (2) some weak Hα/X-ray flares are not accompanied by white-light emissions, and (3) the non-flaring emissions show clear rotational modulations in X-ray and Hα intensity in the same phase. To understand these observational features, one-dimensional hydrodynamic flare simulations are performed using the RADYN code. We find the simulated Hα line profiles with hard and high-energy non-thermal electron beams to be consistent with the initial phase line profiles of the superflares, while those with a softer and/or weak-energy beam are consistent with those in decay phases, indicating the changes in the energy fluxes injected to the lower atmosphere. Also, we find that the relation between the optical continuum and Hα intensity is nonlinear, which can be one cause of the non-white-light flares. The flare energy budget exhibits diversity in the observations and models, and more observations of stellar flares are necessary for constraining the occurrence of various emission line phenomena in stellar flares. | 9 |
a cutting guide for a saw , the guide comprising : a guide including a follower path , the guide including a plurality of indicia each representative of a plurality of different substrates ; a follower repositionable with respect to the guide along the follower path and into alignment with at least one of the plurality of indicia ; and , a lock operatively coupled to the follower , the lock being repositionable between a locked position and an unlocked position , the locked position operative to retain the guide in a fixed position with respect to the follower , and the unlocked position operative to allow a relative position of the guide with respect to the follower to be changed . | 1 |
a fuse cutout assembly having enhanced safety features to aid in both removal and replacement of fuse tubes . the inventive assembly can be produced by making modifications to standard fuse cutout assemblies . the modifications include lengthening the trunnions of the lower contact assembly and adding reflectors as a further visual aid for positioning the lower contact portion of the fuse tube within the trunnion sockets . additionally , a molded plastic guide placed proximate the lower contact area of the fuseholder of the cutout promotes “ self guiding ” of the fuseholder during replacement . also , the pull ring is modified by the addition of protruding arcuate sections extending from a standard pull ring , the sections allowing the technician to engage the pull down ring without aiming the hook stick through the ring . additional reflectors are strategically placed to facilitate replacement of the fuseholder . | 7 |
the present invention provides a unique a resistor formed on a semiconductor substrate . the resistor preferably comprises a first resistor layer that includes a first metal silicide , such as tungsten silicide , and nitrogen and that is formed on the substrate . the first layer has a first thickness and a concentration of nitrogen incorporated therein . the nitrogen concentration may be varied to obtain a desired resistive value of the resistor . thus , depending on the concentration of nitrogen , a wide range of resistive values may be achieved . the resistor further comprises a second resistor layer with a second thickness that includes a second metal silicide and that is formed on the first resistor layer . thus , the present invention provides a metal silicide - based resistor having nitrogen incorporated therein which allows the resistance of the resistor to be tailored to specific electrical applications . yet at the same time , the resistor is far less susceptible to temperature and voltage variation than conventional diffused resistors and , thereby , provides a more precise resistor . | 7 |
the invention describes an integrated process for capturing co 2 emitted by at least a portion of the flue gas coming from the regeneration zone of a catalytic cracking unit using a unit for amine treatment of said flue gas , in which the catalytic cracking unit is equipped with an external exchanger using as the hot fluid a portion of the catalyst removed from the regeneration zone , the heat necessary for the amine treatment unit being supplied integrally by the catalytic cracking unit using the steam generated by said external exchanger . | 8 |
a lcd panel comprises a first substrate and the second substrate . the first substrate comprises a pixel , a sensor pad arranged adjacent to the pixel , a switch electrically coupled to the sensor pad , a pixel gate line electrically coupled to the pixel , a sensor gate line electrically coupled to the switch , and a readout line . the second substrate comprises a sensing device protruding form the second substrate , and a conducting layer covering on the sensing device and electrically coupled to a predetermined power . when assembling the second substrate with the first substrate , the sensing device is opposite to the sensor pad . when pressing the second substrate , the conducting layer covering on the sensing device contacts with the sensor pad . the sensor gate line controls on / off state of the switch to determine whether the sensor pad is electrically conducted with the readout line . | 6 |
an information processing device is disclosed that is able to prevent displacement of an extension board caused by vibration or shock , and able to prevent deformation of the extension board and members nearby . the information processing device includes a substrate with a cpu mounted thereon , a housing that accommodates the substrate , an extension board arranged to be parallel to the substrate , and a supporting member that is fixed on the housing and is arranged to be parallel to at least one end surface of the substrate so that the supporting member supports the extension board . | 6 |
method and product for the forming of contraction joints in the end face of poured concrete structures that includes a blade - like insert of selective profile configuration corresponding to the profile surface of a form board to be utilized for shaping the end face when poured . the insert is attachable to the profile surface of the form board and includes a blade member extending laterally away from the profile surface to produce a contraction joint in the end face when cured . | 4 |
a dual detection method for end point in a chemical mechanical polishing process is described . the dual detection method utilizes both an optical detection device and an acoustical detection device . the acoustical detection device may also be used independently in certain applications without the optical detection device . the acoustical detection device determines an end point and stops the cmp process when a volume of the acoustical emission changes by at least 30 % from its initial volume , or preferably changes by at least 50 % from its initial volume . | 1 |
Archive of results data from Pytesimal project: selection of example model run results. Please see citation file (CITATION.txt) and preprint paper (linked in README.md file). | 9 |
Subsets and Splits