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the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly beacon or light for illuminating a pole - mounted flag , banner , pennant or the like that has a luminous source located in a laterally extending cover , is mounted on top of the pole , and is capable of continuously directing an umbrella shaped illumination toward the flag , banner , pennant or the like as the wind blows the same to rotate about the flagpole . the flagpole light of the present invention is designed to be installed as a retrofit in existing flagpoles having a shaft supported knob or sphere located a short distance above a rotatable cap . | 5 |
a method for coating a pump component , in particular , a part of an axial piston pump , having the steps of providing a blank of the component , providing at least one recess in the blank , filling a powdery coating material into the associated recess , melting the coating material under a protective gas atmosphere and material - removing processing of the blank to form at least one sliding and / or bearing surface from the coating . | 5 |
the invention comprises a display unit for displaying at least two consecutive images to be viewed by a viewer . the unit comprises , a housing having at least two wall portions defining a cavity therebetween . at least part of one of said wall portions is made of an array of linear lenses having a lenticular front face and a flat rear face . at least one carrier is provided within the cavity . the carrier is able to receive in use a substantially planar display member , and pressure means are provided to urge the display member against the lens when a display member is within the cavity . | 6 |
Automated detection schemes are nowadays the standard approach for locating coronal holes in extreme-UV images from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). However, factors such as the noisy nature of solar imagery, instrumental effects, and others make it challenging to identify coronal holes using these automated schemes. While discrepancies between detection schemes have been noted in the literature, a comprehensive assessment of these discrepancies is still lacking. The contribution of the Coronal Hole Boundary Working Team in the COSPAR ISWAT initiative to close this gap is threefold. First, we present the first community data set for comparing automated coronal hole detection schemes. This data set consists of 29 SDO images, all of which were selected by experienced observers to challenge automated schemes. Second, we use this community data set as input to 14 widely applied automated schemes to study coronal holes and collect their detection results. Third, we study three SDO images from the data set that exemplify the most important lessons learned from this effort. Our findings show that the choice of the automated detection scheme can have a significant effect on the physical properties of coronal holes, and we discuss the implications of these findings for open questions in solar and heliospheric physics. We envision that this community data set will serve the scientific community as a benchmark data set for future developments in the field. | 9 |
We explore several ways to dissect brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and their surrounding intracluster light (ICL) using a surface brightness (SB) cut, a luminosity cut, excess light above a de Vaucouleurs profile, or a double Sérsic decomposition. Assuming that all light above $M\lt -21.85\,g^{\prime} \ \mathrm{mag}$ is attributable to the ICL, we find that an average fraction of ${f}_{\mathrm{ICL}}^{\mathrm{MT}}=71\pm 22 \% $ of all diffuse light centered on the BCG belongs to the ICL. Likewise, if we assume that all light fainter than $\mathrm{SB}\gt 27\,{\rm{g}}^{\prime} $ mag arcsec<SUP>-2</SUP> belongs to the ICL, the average ICL fraction is ${f}_{\mathrm{ICL}}^{\mathrm{SB}27}=34\pm 19 \% $ . After fitting a de Vaucouleurs profile to the inner parts of the SB profile, we detect excess light at large radii, corresponding to an average ICL fraction of ${f}_{\mathrm{ICL}}^{\mathrm{DV}}=48\pm 20 \% $ . Finally, by decomposing the SB profile into two Sérsic functions, we find an average ICL fraction of ${f}_{\mathrm{ICL}}^{{\rm{S}}\times }\,=\,52\pm 21 \% $ associated with the outer Sérsic component. Our measured ICL and BCG+ICL luminosities agree well with predictions from high-resolution simulations where the outer Sérsic component traces the unrelaxed, accreted stellar material. BCG and ICL properties defined in this way are correlated with cluster parameters to study the coevolution of BCGs, ICL, and their host clusters. We find positive correlations between BCG+ICL brightness and cluster mass, cluster velocity dispersion, cluster radius, and integrated satellite brightness, confirming that BCG/ICL growth is indeed coupled with cluster growth. On average, the ICL is better aligned than the BCG with the host cluster in terms of position angle, ellipticity, and centering. That makes it a potential dark-matter tracer. | 9 |
We present an updated review of Lorentz invariance tests in effective field theories (EFTs) in the matter as well as in the gravity sector. After a general discussion of the role of Lorentz invariance and a derivation of its transformations along the so-called von Ignatovski theorem, we present the dynamical frameworks developed within local EFT and the available constraints on the parameters governing the Lorentz breaking effects. In the end, we discuss two specific examples: the OPERA ‘affaire’ and the case of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity. The first case will serve as an example, and a caveat, of the practical application of the general techniques developed for constraining Lorentz invariance violation to a direct observation potentially showing these effects. The second case will show how the application of the same techniques to a specific quantum gravity scenario has far-reaching implications not foreseeable in a purely phenomenological EFT approach. | 9 |
the present invention describes a method for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure 3 - amidinophenylalanine derivatives , which are used as pharmaceutically effective urokinase inhibitors , by starting from 3 - cyanophenylalanine derivatives . the methods of manufacture comprising only one synthesis step lead to new intermediates , namely 3 - hydroxyamidino - and 3 - amidrazonophenylalanine derivatives . these intermediates or their acetyl derivatives can be reduced into the desired 3 - amidino - phenylalanine derivatives under gentle conditions , ethanol / water , room temperature , normal pressure or also h 2 , pd / c , acoh or hcl / ethanol , 1 - 3 bar ) in excellent yields and in an enantiomeric excess of up to 99 . 9 %. | 2 |
provided is an ion generator that has a potential sensor provided integrally inside the main body of the ion generator , and that can measure , with the potential sensor , an electric field that reaches the potential sensor from a member from which static charge is to be eliminated , without being affected by an electric field between a discharge electrode and an opposing electrode . this ion generator comprises a discharge electrode , an opposing electrode , and a main body part including these electrodes , the ion generator sending out , toward a member from which static charge is to be eliminated , air ions generated by applying a high voltage between the electrodes . a potential sensor that measures the potential of the member from which static charge is to be eliminated is provided integrally to the main body part , and a projecting electrostatic - shielding plate that projects from the main body part is provided between the potential sensor and a discharge part constituted by the discharge electrode and the opposing electrode . | 7 |
an embodiment of a power - supply controller comprises a switching - control circuit , an error amplifier , and a signal generator . the switching - control circuit is operable to control a switch coupled to a primary winding of a transformer , and the error amplifier has a first input node operable to receive a feedback signal , a second input node operable to receive a comparison signal , and an output node operable to provide a control signal to the switching - control circuit . the signal generator is operable to generate either the feedback signal or the comparison signal in response to a compensation signal that is isolated from a secondary winding of the transformer and that is proportional to a load current through a conductor disposed between the secondary winding and a load . | 7 |
a method of treatment of a host with a cellular proliferative disease , comprising contacting the host with a cephalotaxine and an antiproliferative agent , each in an amount sufficient to modulate said cellular proliferative disease , is described . in some embodiments , the cephalotaxine comprises homoharringtonine butanediocate ester ). antiproliferative agents of the invention comprise alkylating agents , intercalating agents , metal coordination complexes , pyrimidine nucleosides , purine nucleosides , inhibitors of nucleic acid associated enzymes and proteins , and agents affecting structural proteins and cytoplasmic enzymes . | 0 |
a microwave frequency tunable filtering balun is provided . the microwave frequency tunable filtering balun comprises a first microwave split ring transmission line resonator and a second microwave split ring transmission line resonator arranged in a bilaterally symmetrical manner , a fourth variable capacitor and a fifth variable capacitor of same parameters . it combines two functions of balun and tunable bandpass filter into one circuit , resulting in a compact design . the balun characteristic and frequency - tuning mechanism are investigated , and the design equations are derived . | 7 |
a pneumatic shifting force assistance device for a manual transmission is provided , comprising a housing structure having a compressed air inlet , ventilation , control rod , and an output unit comprising a working piston defining two pneumatic working chambers . a valve arrangement is provided between the control rod and output unit , bringing about a pneumatic sequential control from the outlet unit to the control rod by acting on the working chambers . the valve arrangement comprises two piston structures , two annular sealing edges , two valve slides which interact with the sealing edges , and two valve seats . at least one piston structure / valve slide pair is paired with a throttle device such that a throttle seal arranged on the output unit interacts with a throttle passage arranged on the corresponding valve slide or piston structure , where the effective cross - sectional area of the throttle passage depends on the position of the component within the throttle passage . | 5 |
a remote delivery nozzle assembly is adapted to be releasably connected to a pressurized container to permit delivery of the pressurized contents thereof to a location remote from the container . a cap assembly is connected through a flexible conduit to a wand for delivery of the pressurized contents of the container . upon seating of the cap assembly on the container , the valve of the container is opened pressurizing the wand through the flexible conduit . the wand includes a flexible membrane which when depressed by finger pressure opens a valve between the pressurized inlet and an outlet passage to deliver the pressurized fluid . | 1 |
the present invention relates to an interlocking coupling system for overhead aligned rails of which at least one rail is displaceably arranged and comprises a first coupling part and a second coupling part , each of said coupling parts is arranged at end parts of said rails and arranged for interlocking , when said rails are in aligned position , wherein each of said coupling parts comprises a pivotal gate member , and said first coupling part comprises a locking bolt member with a tapered end part adapted to engage with a pin projecting from said gate member of said second coupling part and said locking bolt member is adapted to engage with a recess in said pivotal gate member , and both said gate members are activated by displacing said locking bolt member . | 8 |
a method and system for automatically collecting and for analyzing information about time and work performed on a computer includes a hardware abstraction layer for monitoring activity on various user input devices . the system also includes the following elements : a data collector for monitoring certain portions of a user &# 39 ; s computer activity and for logging into a log file those certain portions of a user &# 39 ; s computer activity ; a data analyzer for determining by following user - defined rules showing which portions of those certain portions of a user &# 39 ; s computer activity constitutes continuous work activities , and how this work should be categorized by project and task with project ; and an external interface for building the rules defining work . the data collector includes a resident module , such as a tsr module , which extends the file system of the computer so that detailed records are kept of file activities . the data collector also routes information about file and keyboard activity , and tabulates and writes such information to a user &# 39 ; s disk periodically . the hardware abstraction layer is a software module which is interposed between actual physical user input devices and the data collector . | 6 |
a combat vehicle restraint system accommodates a wide range of soldiers , both with and without battle , arctic , or chemical gear . the restraint system includes lengthened belts and an adjustable buckle position . the belts include loops for locating and grasping the belts , and separate lap and shoulder belts with small narrowing ends to prevent catching on gear . the belts are extendable from inertial reels which are calibrated for off - road operation . the buckle engages each belt separately and includes a single action release . the buckle position is easily adjusted using an oversized knob so that a soldier may easily find and adjust buckle length in the dark , wearing heavy gloves , or with muddy slippery fingers . the latch / unlatch mechanism and associated hardware is an open frame type to reduce or eliminate affects of mud , dust , water or other contaminants on operation . | 1 |
We present a description of the Australian Dark Energy Survey (OzDES) and summarize the results from its 6 years of operations. Using the 2dF fibre positioner and AAOmega spectrograph on the 3.9-m Anglo-Australian Telescope, OzDES has monitored 771 active galactic nuclei, classified hundreds of supernovae, and obtained redshifts for thousands of galaxies that hosted a transient within the 10 deep fields of the Dark Energy Survey. We also present the second OzDES data release, containing the redshifts of almost 30 000 sources, some as faint as r<SUB>AB</SUB> = 24 mag, and 375 000 individual spectra. These data, in combination with the time-series photometry from the Dark Energy Survey, will be used to measure the expansion history of the Universe out to z ∼ 1.2 and the masses of hundreds of black holes out to z ∼ 4. OzDES is a template for future surveys that combine simultaneous monitoring of targets with wide-field imaging cameras and wide-field multi-object spectrographs. | 9 |
instrument handles isolate the functions of supporting the instrument and actuating controls on the instrument . an instrument handle may be grasped and supported by the less dexterous digits and palm of a human hand , and controls mounted on the instrument handle may be actuated by the more dexterous digits . the instrument handle may couple to an end effector so that the hand , wrist , elbow , and shoulder remain in a comfortable position when the end effector is positioned to act effectively on a selected portion of a workpiece , such as a surgical site . | 0 |
disclosed herein is a method for examining cells , comprising subjecting the cells to an antigen - antibody reaction treatment , then measuring a pattern of the electrophoretic mobility of the cells and comparing the electrophoretic property of the cells under examination with the electrophoretic property of standard cells . | 8 |
an high performance , linearly scalable , massive parallel architecture for storage systems comprises a plurality of simple individual storage nodes containing at least one cpu one storage element and , at least , one interconnection fabric link tightly connected together using a multidimensional high performance high scalable interconnection network fabric , preferably based on a pcie dntb architecture , organized , preferably , in an multidimensional hypercube topology or in a multidimensional hypercubes derived topology . | 7 |
the present invention relates to improved ablation electrodes and catheter assemblies , as well as methods useful in conjunction with irrigated ablation catheters . an irrigated ablation electrode assembly includes a proximal member having an outer surface , an inner lumen and a proximal passageway . the proximal passageway extends from the inner lumen to the outer surface of the proximal member . the assembly further includes a distal member having a distal end and a distal passageway extending from the inner lumen through the distal member to the distal end . embodiments of the present invention include an irrigated catheter assembly configured to direct irrigation fluid to target areas where coagulation is more likely to occur to , among other things , better minimize blood coagulation and associated problems . | 0 |
a pellet having a microstructure including a bismuth phase , a zinc solid solution phase , and a zn 3 hg phase is disclosed . a method of making a pellet including bismuth , zinc , and mercury is also disclosed . moreover , a fluorescent lamp with a fill material including bismuth , zinc , and mercury is disclosed . further , a method of dosing a fluorescent lamp with mercury is disclosed . | 1 |
crash energy absorbing furniture top with a top skin , a bottom skin and an energy absorbing material disposed between the top and bottom skin is disclosed . the crash energy absorbing material may be disposed between the top skin and the bottom skin , the crash energy absorbing material being bonded to the top skin in a substantially regular pattern of bonded areas . the energy absorbing furniture top absorbs energy by deforming when an individual collides with the energy absorbing furniture top . the deforming of the crash energy absorbing furniture top reduces the risk of injury to the individual in a collision . | 1 |
Gas-giant planets emit a large fraction of their light in the mid-infrared (gsim3 μm), where photometry and spectroscopy are critical to our understanding of the bulk properties of extrasolar planets. Of particular importance are the L- and M-band atmospheric windows (3-5 μm), which are the longest wavelengths currently accessible to ground-based, high-contrast imagers. We present binocular LBT adaptive optics (AO) images of the HR 8799 planetary system in six narrow-band filters from 3 to 4 μm, and a Magellan AO image of the 2M1207 planetary system in a broader 3.3 μm band. These systems encompass the five known exoplanets with luminosities consistent with L → T transition brown dwarfs. Our results show that the exoplanets are brighter and have shallower spectral slopes than equivalent temperature brown dwarfs in a wavelength range that contains the methane fundamental absorption feature (spanned by the narrow-band filters and encompassed by the broader 3.3 μm filter). For 2M1207 b, we find that thick clouds and non-equilibrium chemistry caused by vertical mixing can explain the object's appearance. For the HR 8799 planets, we present new models that suggest the atmospheres must have patchy clouds, along with non-equilibrium chemistry. Together, the presence of a heterogeneous surface and vertical mixing presents a picture of dynamic planetary atmospheres in which both horizontal and vertical motions influence the chemical and condensate profiles. | 9 |
a system for programming an interactive learning device , such as electronic toy , using a web server includes a first processing unit having a web server for providing a control module used for remote processing , a second processing unit linked to the first processor through the communication medium to exchange data with the first processor , an interactive device , such as a robot toy pet , having at least a processor and a memory and adapted to communicate with the first processing unit . the interactive device includes a sensor for collecting data and formulating a learned module . the interactive device receives the control module from the first processing unit and sends the learned module . the control module is updated with more advanced function to be performed by the interactive toy in response to the content of the learned module . | 6 |
a tunable semiconductor laser device is presented . the device comprises a laser structure formed by at least two waveguides and an active region located within at least a segment of one of the waveguides ; and comprises a tunable spectral filter optically coupled to the laser structure . the tunable spectral filter includes at least two filtering elements , at least one of them being a microring cavity . | 7 |
a gaming board system includes a plurality of gaming boards indicating various sports . each of the gaming boards utilizes a plurality of playing pieces and goals . the playing piece is a triangular shaped device that can either be held vertically and propelled by striking the lower end thereof or laid flat on the surface of the gaming board and propelled by striking one side thereof to urge it in a forward direction . goals are provided at either end of the gaming boards and disposed in an upright position to allow the player to propel the playing piece vertically upward and over the goal . alternatively , the playing piece can be disposed flat on the gaming board to allow the gaming piece to be propelled along the surface of the board into the goal . inclined side surfaces are also provided to maintain the playing piece in the playing area . | 0 |
an apparatus converts a subsampled video frame signal into an interpolated original video signal with a improved computational speed by using : a zero stuffing circuit for generating the / 2 video line signals alternately decimated ; a first interpolation circuit for generating an interpolated even video line signal ; a second interpolation circuit for generating an interpolated odd video line signal ; and delay lines for simultaneously coupling the / 2 video line signals to the first and the second interpolation circuits to thereby allow the simultaneous generation of the interpolated even and odd video line signals . | 7 |
a clip for use with a gas - operated gun to package and supply to the gun hygienic projectiles for inoculating animals with a particular biologically active material . the clip contains a molded structure having a plurality of axially aligned adjacent cylindrical chambers receiving the implant projectile and each chamber is sealed by a rupturable sealing film at each end thereof . indexing recesses are provided on said structure and associated with each of the chambers for indexing the clip in the gun to dispose seriatim the chambers in alignment with the bore of the gun . | 0 |
method of improving performance or efficiency of a wellbore pump associated with a wellbore and / or for increasing the rate of production of reservoir fluid from a reservoir , in which a wellbore pump is arranged to pump wellbore fluid within the wellbore to a surface . the method includes selecting a wellbore which includes an associated wellbore pump associated with a production tube and arranged within a casing . an annulus is defined between the casing and the pump / production tube , the annulus including reservoir fluid which has a hydrostatic head which is at least 15 m above the level of an inlet of the wellbore pump , and contacting a reservoir fluid in the annulus upstream of an inlet of the wellbore pump with a treatment formulation . the treatment formulation has a first polymeric material which includes — o — moieties pendent from a polymeric backbone thereof , and the first polymeric material is optionally cross - linked . | 2 |
an interlock device includes a housing and a toggle interlock mechanism with an extendable interlock pin . the interlock device also includes a preassembled switch , an electromechanical device , and a lead frame interconnecting the switch and electromechanical device . the lead frame conductors are formed as one piece , but are separated after assembly into the housing . the conductors and mating components include mating non - releasable contacts that telescope together in a manner that forms a robust assembly and that facilitates automation of the assembly process . a method related to the above is also disclosed . | 8 |
a door breach training system and related method of use thereof . the system includes a door and frame with replaceable shear pins which are designed to break under known pressures to replicate pressures required to breach doors of varying physical characteristics and lock configurations . | 6 |
a prober for the electrical testing of unpackaged integrated circuits on a semiconductor wafer can test these devices between subfreezing to elevated temperatures without generating atmospheric fog or frost on the wafer or associated equipment by directing an enclosed tubular curtain of dry gas , such as heated liquid nitrogen , down from a circular nozzle above the wafer to encircle the device under test . observations can be made and electrical tests performed within the curtain while all moist atmospheric air is purged from the wafer and surrounding areas so that fog and frost cannot form . | 6 |
a method and apparatus are disclosed for an analyzer which measures concentration of a liquid specimen by monitoring the coloration of test paper which is either dipped into the specimen or is otherwise painted with it . in the method , inner stray rays produced by a light source which do not reach the test paper are experimentally monitored , so that the effect of such inner stray rays upon the accuracy of the test paper analysis is eliminated . additionally , a method of relating relative reflectivity of the test paper to the concentration of the specimen is disclosed , in which method the calibration curve is modeled as a section of a hyperbola . in the apparatus , a microcomputer performs the evaluation and the detection of the coloration of the test paper and the compensation for various sources of instrumental error takes place electronically . | 6 |
a thin film x y al n alloy preferably deposited with an intrinsic tensile stress significantly enhances the piezoelectric properties of aln . the alloy contains y percent of the compound xn , where x is selected from the group consisting of yb , ho , dy , lu , tm , tb , and gd . the percentage of xn preferably lies in the range 10 - 60 %, and the stress is preferably in the range 200 mpa - 1 . 5 gpa . the film is useful in mems devices . | 7 |
a squelch system for use in a multicarrier communications receiver includes a conventional noise squelch circuit having a detector and filter operative to close a squelch gate in the absence of an incoming carrier and a phase locked loop means parallel thereto . the phase locked loop means does not lock onto noise signals but will lock onto carrier difference signals within its frequency range to open the squelch gate . a further improvement to the squelch system uses a threshold switch which parallels the above - mentioned conventional squelch circuit and phase locked loop means and comprised of a low pass filter and a comparator to maintain the squelch gate closed until the carrier portion of the receiver am audio signal is above a certain threshold . | 7 |
needle assemblies are generally discussed herein with particular discussions extended to needle assemblies having a tip protector with a plurality of wall surfaces for preventing contact with the needle tip from a side . aspects of the tip protectors discussed herein include a first protector body having an arm for blocking a needle tip surrounded by a second protector body having a plurality of wall surfaces . | 0 |
a signal mirror assembly including a convex mirror and a signal indicator . the convex mirror defines a recess or cutout region . the signal indicator fits within the cutout region . the assembly can include a housing , and the convex mirror can include a perimeter extending substantially to the housing , except where the cutout region exists . a gasket can circumferentiate the housing , the mirror and a portion of the signal indicator to prevent water and debris from entering the assembly . the signal indicator also can include a surface parallel to the convex mirror surface . the cut out region and the corresponding signal indicator can be positioned in the housing such that the signal indicator is located at a position distal from the vehicle to enhance its visibility to the vehicle operator . | 1 |
the present invention relates to a method for detecting one or more indicator of the probable onset of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation ; primers for use in the method ; a computer model using detection of one or more indicator to the probable onset of a copd exacerbation for patient management and the prophylactic or curative treatment of copd exacerbation and to a prognostic and / or diagnostic test for use in the detection of one or more indicator to the probable onset of a copd exacerbation . | 2 |
a facsimile apparatus comprising a document image reader for forming an image data corresponding to a document image ; a data processor having multiple data processing modes for processing the image data with a mode selected ; a memory having multiple memory areas , each of which stores information on a facsimile apparatus of an addressee , the above information comprising at least a line number and an addressee data processing mode ; a data processor is controlled to process the image data with the data processing mode related with an addressee that has been selected ; and a transmitter for transmitting the image data processed by the data processing means to the addressee selected . | 7 |
a control surface deployment mechanism allows reliable , controlled launch of guided missiles from internal bays of high performance aircraft . | 5 |
a valve is provided that combines the features of a solenoid valve and a check valve into a singel combination solenoid check valve . the valve utilizes a first check valve to allow fluid to flow from the outlet passageway of the valve to a chamber above the piston to ensure that the valve remains closed when the outlet pressure in the valve is greater than the inlet pressure . the valve also utilizes a second check valve that closes a bleed aperture through the piston when the pressure in the chamber above the piston is greater than the inlet pressure . | 8 |
an expansion joint in which by means of movability of expansion shim assemblies in a sustaining pedestal and a stepped bench unit formed of a pair of benches at different elevation disposed beneath the sustaining pedestal so as to withstand vibration of roadway or bridge and instantly rescue the roadway or bridge from collapsing . before construction of the same , a specially designed h configurated clearance gage is used for determining clearances of adjacent component parts of the expansion joint resulting in getting an accurate and effective structure of the expansion joint . | 4 |
a form of 3 -- 3 -- 5 - indol - 2 - yl ]- 2 , 2 - dimethylpropanoic acid sodium salt , obtained by freeze or spray drying , is more soluble in water than the crystalline form thereof . the compound is useful as an anti - asthmatic , anti - allergic , anti - inflammatory , or cytoprotective agent . it is also useful in treating diarrhea , hypertension , angina , platelet aggregation , cerebral spasm , premature labor , spontaneous abortion , dysmenorrhea , and migraine . | 2 |
the present disclosure is directed to a high power factor quasi resonant converter . the converter converts an ac power line input to a dc output to power a load , generally a string of leds . the power input is fed into a transformer being controlled by a power switch . the power switch is driven by a controller having a shaping circuit . the shaping circuit uses a current generator , switched resistor and capacitor to produce a sinusoidal reference voltage signal . the controller drives the power switch based on the voltage reference signal , resulting in a sinusoidal input current in a primary winding of the transformer , resulting in high power factor and low total harmonic distortion for the converter . | 7 |
a design of a semiconductor saturable absorber that offers a convenient and reliable way to control / decrease the recovery time of the absorption . the absorption recovery time is controlled during the epitaxial growth by using lattice - mismatched layer to induce dislocations , and implicitly non - radiative recombination centers within the nonlinear absorbing region . these lattice reformation layer are interposed between the distributed bragg reflector and the nonlinear absorption region , containing quantum - wells , quantum - dots or bulk semiconductor material . the thickness and composition of the lattice reformation layer is an instrumental to control the amount of non - radiative recombination centers used to trap the optically excited carriers generated in the absorption region . | 7 |
a computerized intellectual property trading exchange is disclosed for facilitating the trading of license contracts relating to intellectual property rights . the exchange includes at least one intellectual property license contract relating to intellectual property rights and a computer - accessible forum configured to allow a plurality of participants to trade the license contract . the plurality of participants includes at least one seller , which may be the owner , having the license contract and desiring to trade the license contract . the plurality of participants also includes at least one buyer desiring to obtain the license contract . the buyer may be an investor , speculator , market maker , or arbitrageur , who purchases the license contract to achieve appreciation . the buyer also may be a licensee , who purchases the license contract to practice the intellectual property rights . | 6 |
the present invention is a multifunctional portable barbecue grill that is designed and configured to expand in order to increase and / or decrease the total size the cooking surface of the particular grill . the grill includes a mainframe that supports the housing . located in the housing is a grate . the mainframe , housing and grate include a slideably extension system for increasing or decreasing the length of the grill . in addition , for convenience and added comfort , the mainframe of the grill can be altered in height to provide for a comfortable height for the cook as well as provide for an easy means for storage and transportability . | 0 |
a method of preparing enhanced reactive vegetable oils wherein the method comprises providing a hydroxy functional vegetable oil having a predetermined hydroxyl value and , under nitrogen , treating the hydroxyl functional vegetable oil with a catalyst using heat and pressure . any water that is formed is removed . the mixture is heated under pressure and then an alkylene oxide is added while heating under pressure . in one embodiment , thereafter , there is added ethylene oxide and the material is heated and then the material is neutralized with acid . this process results in a primary hydroxyl functional vegetable oil polyol that is an enhanced reactive vegetable oil . | 2 |
The bulk composition of Earth is dramatically carbon-poor compared to that of the interstellar medium, and this phenomenon extends to the asteroid belt. To interpret this carbon deficit problem, the carbonaceous component in grains must have been converted into the gas phase in the inner regions of protoplanetary disks (PPDs) prior to planetary formation. We examine the effect of carbon grain destruction on the chemical structure of disks by calculating the molecular abundances and distributions using a comprehensive chemical reaction network. When carbon grains are destroyed and the elemental abundance of the gas becomes carbon-rich, the abundances of carbon-bearing molecules, such as HCN and carbon-chain molecules, increase dramatically near the midplane, while oxygen-bearing molecules, such as {{{H}}}<SUB>2</SUB>{{O}} and {CO}}<SUB>2</SUB>, are depleted. We compare the results of these model calculations with the solid carbon-to-silicon fraction in the solar system. Although we find a carbon depletion gradient, there are some quantitative discrepancies: the model shows a higher value at the position of the asteroid belt and a lower value at the location of Earth. In addition, using the obtained molecular abundance distributions, coupled with line radiative transfer calculations, we make predictions for ALMA to potentially observe the effect of carbon grain destruction in nearby PPDs. The results indicate that HCN, {{{H}}}<SUP>13</SUP>{CN}, and c-{{{C}}}<SUB>3</SUB>{{{H}}}<SUB>2</SUB> may be good tracers. | 9 |
side by side pairs of flexible rubber belts having molded driving lugs on the bottom surface and at least one row of molded cleats with a bore in each cleat on the top surface . the belts are transversely spaced apart with many transverse connecting links positioned in the cleat bores extending between the belts to form a conveying assembly . the conveying assembly is useful in drag or raddle chain conveyors in combines or in round balers to form and compress the large bales . | 1 |
a refrigerated display cabinet of the open top or open front type having a conduit extending around a storage and display space in the cabinet between an inlet and an outlet , refrigerated coils located in the conduit , air circulating fans for propelling air through the conduit over and / or around and / or through the refrigeration coils in a first direction during a refrigeration cycle , and in a second substantially opposite direction , during a defrost cycle , whereby during a defrost cycle ambient air is drawn into the conduit through the outlet and is passed around and / or through the refrigeration coils to defrost same , a supplemental defroster located in the conduit upstream of the refrigeration coils in the direction of air flow through the conduit in the defrost cycle ; and , a sensing and control mechanism coupled with the supplemental defroster for sensing defrost conditions during the defrost cycle and for energizing the supplemental defroster means upon the detection of an abnormal defrost condition to thereby accelerate the rate of defrost . | 5 |
disclosed herein is a digital broadcast receiving apparatus configured to receive terrestrial digital television broadcasting and satellite digital broadcasting , including : a terrestrial digital tuner ; a satellite digital tuner ; a demodulating block configured to demodulate a reception signal of the terrestrial digital television broadcasting with an output supplied from the terrestrial digital tuner , and , at the same time , demodulate a reception signal of the satellite digital broadcasting with an output supplied from the satellite digital tuner ; a terrestrial digital tuner control block ; a satellite digital tuner control block ; and a switching block configured to switch output terminals of the demodulating block in accordance with a positional arrangement of the terrestrial digital tuner and the satellite digital tuner relative to the demodulating block . | 7 |
the present invention provides for a process of reducing the polarity on the internal surfaces of various zeolites having a sio 2 to al 2 o 3 ratio of at least about 3 and an average pore diameter size within the range of from about 4 to about 10 angstroms . the modified zeolites in accordance with the present invention are prepared by heating the starting zeolite in an aqueous medium also containing an acid or a source of ammonium ions to at least partially dealuminize the zeolite and thereby increase the ratio of silicon to aluminum present in the tetrahedral structure . at the same time , the process provides for hydrogen ion exchange with respect to those zeolites which contain significant amounts of metallic cation in the structure thereby replacing the bulky metallic cations with less bulky hydrogen ions and thereby increasing the water adsorptive capacity of the zeolite . achievement of the appropriate equilibrium between reduced surface polarity on the one hand and increased sorptive capacity of the zeolite on the other hand gives rise to zeolite materials having an isotherm with a separation factor within the range of from about 0 . 07 to about 0 . 1 which renders the modified zeolite an ideal desiccant for gas fired air conditioning and dehumidification equipment . | 5 |
the techniques related to providing a live program over the internet are described . according to one aspect of the techniques , a data stream representing a live program is preprocessed to produce a plurality of substreams , each of the substreams comprising decimated samples of the data stream . the number of substreams is relatively large so that the bandwidth requirement for delivering one of the substreams is relatively low . with a group of seeding boxes receiving the substreams , a group of boxes in services are designated to receive the substreams from the seeding boxes , each of these boxes including the seeding boxes is able to support multiple outbound streams so that there are enough data suppliers to service the ordering boxes or colonize more boxes to become the data suppliers . as a result , a live program can be timely serviced by peer boxes , significantly reducing the computation and bandwidth burdens on a server . | 7 |
a method is provided for the removal of contaminating alkanes from the vaporized carbonylation products of a process wherein carboxylic acids are produced by the reaction in the liquid phase of an alcohol or an ester , halide or ether derivative of said alcohol with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst system containing a rhodium or iridium component and an iodine or bromine component . the method involves distillation of the alkane - containing vaporized carbonylation products , phase separation of the overhead from said distillation , further distillation of a slipstream of the resulting heavy phase using carbon monoxide as stripping gas and removal of the alkanes as the bottoms stream from the latter distillation . | 2 |
Ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) represent a significant proportion of stars in the Milky Way, and deep samples of these sources have the potential to constrain the formation history and evolution of low-mass objects in the Galaxy. Until recently, spectral samples have been limited to the local volume (d < 100 pc). Here, we analyze a sample of 164 spectroscopically characterized UCDs identified by Aganze et al. in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFC3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallel Survey (WISPS) and 3D-HST. We model the observed luminosity function using population simulations to place constraints on scaleheights, vertical velocity dispersions, and population ages as a function of spectral type. Our star counts are consistent with a power-law mass function and constant star formation history for UCDs, with vertical scaleheights of 249 ${}_{-61}^{+48}$ pc for late-M dwarfs, 153 ${}_{-30}^{+56}$ pc for L dwarfs, and 175 ${}_{-56}^{+149}$ pc for T dwarfs. Using spatial and velocity dispersion relations, these scaleheights correspond to disk population ages of 3.6 ${}_{-1.0}^{+0.8}$ Gyr for late-M dwarfs, 2.1 ${}_{-0.5}^{+0.9}$ Gyr for L dwarfs, and 2.4 ${}_{-0.8}^{+2.4}$ Gyr for T dwarfs, which are consistent with prior simulations that predict that L-type dwarfs are on average a younger and less dispersed population. There is an additional 1-2 Gyr systematic uncertainty on these ages due to variances in age-velocity relations. We use our population simulations to predict the UCD yield in the James Webb Space Telescope PASSAGES survey, a similar and deeper survey to WISPS and 3D-HST, and find that it will produce a comparably sized UCD sample, albeit dominated by thick disk and halo sources. | 9 |
systems and techniques for measuring the performance of a communications channel is disclosed which includes receiving a signal from the communications channel , filtering the signal , estimating a bias introduced by the filtering of the signal , and computing a parameter of the communications channel as a function of the estimated bias . it is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure . it is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or the meaning of the claims . | 7 |
a method and apparatus for improving a delay line circuit of a digital delay lock loop circuit . each delay stage of the delay line consists of three gates , two nands and one inverter . the reduction in the total number of gates decreases the unit delay time for each stage , improving the resolution of each stage of the delay line . in addition , the reduction in the total number of gates in each stage significantly reduces the amount of space necessary for the circuitry of the delay line , resulting in an overall decrease in the size of the ddll circuit . | 8 |
Community stability is a fundamental factor sustaining ecosystem functioning and is affected by species richness and species evenness. The Arctic is warming more rapidly than other biomes, and cryptogam plant species (specifically lichens and bryophytes in this study) are major contributors to tundra biodiversity and productivity. However, to our knowledge, the impacts of warming on cryptogam community stability and the underlying mechanisms have not been investigated. We conducted a 13-year summer warming experiment in mesic birch hummock tundra vegetation near Daring Lake in the continental interior of low Arctic Canada, and recorded patterns of cryptogam species abundance in several different growing seasons. Warming decreased the stability of total community abundance, had no effects on species richness, but increased species evenness and species synchrony. Structural equation model analyses indicated that higher species richness was the principal factor associated with the stronger community abundance stability in the control plots, and that this effect was driven primarily by a negative correlation with species synchrony. By contrast, higher species evenness was the principal factor associated with the weakened community abundance stability in the warming plots, and this effect was driven primarily by a positive correlation with species synchrony. Our study suggests that climate warming could reduce cryptogam plant community stability in low Arctic tundra, and therefore decrease important ecosystem services including carbon storage and food availability to caribou in northern regions. | 9 |
a voice messaging system comprises a common message store , a local data store located remotely from the common message store , and a media server . the media server is operable to receive a call directed to a number serviced by the media server , prompt the user for a voice message , direct the voice message to the local data store for temporary storage , notify the common message store that the voice message is present in the local data store , respond to a request to transfer the voice message to the common message store , and direct the local data store to erase the message upon receipt of a communication from the common message store that the voice message was successfully saved . | 7 |
an ion source for a mass spectrometer is disclosed comprising a lens and mirror arrangement which focuses a laser beam onto the upper surface of a target substrate . the lens has an effective focal length ≦ 300 mm . the laser beam is directed onto the target substrate at an angle θ with respect to the perpendicular to the target substrate , wherein θ ≦ 3 °. one or more ion guides receive ions released from the target substrate and onwardly transmit the ions along an ion path which substantially bypasses the lens and mirror . | 7 |
a subscriber line interface circuit in a packet switched network is capable of reducing the s / n ratio . voice signals are transmitted and received as analog signals via line terminal circuits which are corrected to respective packet communication signal processing circuits but not to a common bus . in the packet communication signal processing circuits , packet assembly and disassembly , voice signal processing , and line terminal circuit control are carried out in synchronism with the packet communication network . packet data are transferred serially between the packet communication signal processing circuits and a switch interface circuit . | 7 |
a multi - function alternating current meter having a voltage probe and clamp type current probe for sampling voltage and current of a alternating current line without physically breaking into the line . components include the two input probes which are connected to a squaring circuit and compensated low pass active filters which are arranged for feeding the respective output signals into an analog summing amplifier . subsequently the signals are fed into a calibrated output indicator . a scaled multiplier and phase lead / lag detector are included in the circuit . switches are capable of rerouting the input signals through various components , and the various outputs are individually applied to the calibrated output indicator to indicate the a . c . line &# 39 ; s power factor , phase angle , true power , apparent power , voltage , current , or lead / lag status , as selected . | 6 |
online conferencing involving video and audio in which automatic actions such as recording and broadcasting is performed by adding a visualized representation of the action into the online conference area of a user interface . the action appears as a visualization in the contacts portion of the user interface , some of which contacts may represent individuals that may be joined into a conference . recording or broadcasting the action may thus be efficiently performed in a consistent manner as how individuals are added into an online conference , thereby taking advantage of muscle memory of the participant . | 6 |
an indication of whether or not a target object is present at a site of a collet assembly is derived by monitoring light reflected from the site . the use of reflected light enables the presence of objects to be detected , especially transparent objects . in a preferred arrangement for determining if a sapphire die is present in a die - handling collet assembly , light from a source is collimated or focused into a narrow beam and directed through a beam splitter at the target site of the collet assembly . light reflected from the surface of the die is further reflected by the beam splitter toward a photo - sensor . the reflected light is measured when the collet passes over a dark background while on the way to deliver a die at a bonding position and again while returning after attempting to place the die at the bonding position . a determination of a die present in the former and absent in the latter is indicative of a well - placed die at the bonding position . | 7 |
a method for enhancing the transdermal flux of a transdermally deliverable drug through intact skin is described in which the drug is delivered simultaneously with glycerol monolaurate . preferred embodiments of therapeutic systems for delivering drug and glycerol monolaurate employ matrix containing drug at a concentration above saturation . | 8 |
a quick coupling disconnection tool having a head portion with two engagement projection fingers generally forming a v - shape to accept various hose coupling sizes , a handle , and a shank connecting the handle portion to the head portion . | 5 |
a device is provided for sealing an inner tube and an outer tube without excessively deforming the tubes . the device includes two ferrules which cooperate to form a vacuum - tight seal between the inner tube and outer tube and having mating surfaces such that overtightening is not possible . | 5 |
a data processing system provides a diagnostic circuit having a scan - out function , that includes error checking . a scan - out address check code is generated by a sending unit and another scan - out address check code is generated by a receiving unit . the scan - out address check codes are compared in the sending unit , and an error in the scan - out operation can be detected . | 6 |
a transceiver can be switched into different equipment states , and is provided with an equipment state in which supplementary functions — which do not require any transmission via a radio interface of the transceiver — can be executed without any transmission of the transceiver via the radio interface . in particular , there is no transmission of a signal or organizational data which is normally automatically transmitted when a transceiver is activated or in a standby or a ready - to - receive state . | 8 |
apparatus for generating power from wave action comprising a barge and at least one float connected thereto by rigid members pivotally connected thereto by sockets . a watertight cylinder including a piston is attached to the barge . cables connect with the piston and pass through pulleys to the barge . as the wave action rocks the float relative to the barge the piston is moved longitudinally in the cylinder to pump water used for driving a turbine for generating electrical power . wind vanes and water vanes are also included in the float to enhance the rocking action . | 5 |
a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having at least three semiconductor layers of alternately different conductivity types between a pair of principal surfaces . a pair of main electrodes are kept in low - resistance contact with the outermost ones of the semiconductor layers . a surface - passivation insulating film is provided on an exposed surface of the semiconductor substrate . a resistive material sheet is provided on the insulating film and connected electrically to semiconductor layers having their potentials substantially equal to the main electrodes . | 8 |
described herein is a novel drug delivery assembly having particular applicability to the field of orthopedic and surgical medicine . the devices and assemblies described herein enable the efficient application and retention of potentially expensive therapeutic materials to very specific locations , particularly those associated with voids in bone and tissue . one particularly unique aspect of the present invention involves the introduction of constructs which promote the retention of therapeutic material in the target area of application for beneficial use , for example by forming a proximal barrier that prevents leakage of the therapeutic material out of the target area . additionally , the present invention provides unique devices and methods for surgical introduction of such constructs . the present invention finds particular application in connection with introduction of stem and progenitor cells , bioactive molecules and bone scaffold materials in conjunction with bone voids and with the use of cannulated implants , such as bone screws and pins . the present invention also has beneficial use in the delivery of cancer drugs , antimicrobials , bone cements and other therapeutic materials . | 0 |
Tools for Concurrent Kleene Algebra | 9 |
a valve has a housing including a valve seat . a valve pin is supported by a housing through a support shell . the support shell and the valve pin have distinct coefficients of thermal expansion such that when exposed to a temperature change , movement of the support shell moves differently than the pin . in this way , the valve pin can be caused to move toward and away from the valve seat to allow operation of the valve . | 8 |
an electro - mechanical impact detecting device for a vehicle is provided which implements a multi - stage control for vehicle occupant protection systems and improves the operational delay characteristics of the vehicle occupant protection systems at an irregular collision based on the setting of multiple impact levels which are detected . when a main rotor rotates by a certain amount against the exertion force of a moving contact , the moving contact and fixed contact close the circuit , thereby detecting the first impact level . when the main rotor further rotates against the exertion force of the torsional coil spring , the remaining two pairs of fixed contacts and close the circuits sequentially , thereby detecting the second and third impact levels , respectively . | 6 |
a fiber optic connector in such as a male mt - rj connector has a ferrule fixed to the housing . ferrule - to - ferrule alignment is provided by the floating ferrule in the mating female mt - rj connector . a field - installable connector includes a field termination unit with fiber stubs and index matching gel for receiving the cut ends of optical fibers . the fiber stubs extend into the ferrule of the connector . a loopback test unit includes a ferrule and housing like those of a standard connector . a fiber loop has both ends lodged in the fiber bores of the ferrule so that the loop will connect the transmitter of a transceiver to the receiver of the same transceiver when the unit is engaged in the connector of the transceiver . the fiber loop is held within a boot attached to the housing or ferrule so that the entire unit can be conveniently installed and removed , and so that numerous loopback testers can be used simultaneously even when the device under test has numerous closely - spaced transceivers . | 6 |
a compact , modular , portable vehicle lifting and holding apparatus comprising either an individual lifting tower assembled from independent components , or one or more pairs of independent lifting tower assemblies interconnected by torsionally stiff support crossmembers , thereby forming a complete apparatus . each lifting tower assembly is provided with redundant lifting carriage locking features , lifting means comprising a cable pulling device of conventional type , and further provided with ground traversing means whereby said complete apparatus is capable of ambulatory motion while supporting a load . said apparatus includes means to engage and elevate a vehicle body independent of its frame , or elevate an entire vehicle or part thereof in a horizontal position relative to the level surface supporting said apparatus , thereby facilitating restoration , repair , and customization processes . said complete apparatus has dimensions allowing operation within the confines of a conventional one - car residential garage , and disassembles completely for compact storage or transport . | 1 |
We present a new analysis of NuSTAR and Suzaku observations of the black hole Cygnus X-1 in the intermediate state. The analysis is performed using kerrC, a new model for analyzing spectral and spectropolarimetric X-ray observations of black holes. kerrC builds on a large library of simulated black holes in X-ray binaries. The model accounts for the X-ray emission from a geometrically thin, optically thick accretion disk, the propagation of the X-rays through the curved black hole spacetime, the reflection off the accretion disk, and the Comptonization of photons in coronae of different 3D shapes and physical properties before and after the reflection. We present the results from using kerrC for the analysis of archival NuSTAR and Suzaku observations taken on 2015 May 27-28. The best wedge-shaped corona gives a better fit than the cone-shaped corona. Although we included cone-shaped coronae in the funnel regions above and below the black hole to resemble to some degree the common assumption of a compact lamppost corona hovering above and/or below the black hole, the fit chooses a very large version of this corona that makes it possible to Comptonize a sufficiently large fraction of the accretion disk photons to explain the observed power-law emission. The analysis indicates a black hole spin parameter a (-1 ≤ a ≤ 1) between 0.861 and 0.921. The kerrC model provides new insights into the radial distribution of the energy flux of returning and coronal emission irradiating the accretion disk. kerrC furthermore predicts small polarization fractions around 1% in the 2-8 keV energy range of the recently launched Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer. | 9 |
We introduce a suite of cosmological volume simulations to study the evolution of galaxies as part of the Feedback in Realistic Environments project. FIREbox, the principal simulation of the present suite, provides a representative sample of galaxies (~1000 galaxies with $M_{\rm star}\gt 10^8\, M_\odot$ at z = 0) at a resolution ($\Delta {}x\sim {}20\, {\rm pc}$ , $m_{\rm b}\sim {}6\times {}10^4\, M_\odot$ ) comparable to state-of-the-art galaxy zoom-in simulations. FIREbox captures the multiphase nature of the interstellar medium in a fully cosmological setting (L = 22.1 Mpc) thanks to its exceptionally high dynamic range (≳10<SUP>6</SUP>) and the inclusion of multichannel stellar feedback. Here, we focus on validating the simulation predictions by comparing to observational data. We find that star formation rates, gas masses, and metallicities of simulated galaxies with $M_{\rm star}\lt 10^{10.5-11}\, M_\odot$ broadly agree with observations. These galaxy scaling relations extend to low masses ($M_{\rm star}\sim {}10^7\, M_\odot$ ) and follow a (broken) power-law relationship. Also reproduced are the evolution of the cosmic H<SUB>I</SUB> density and the H<SUB>I</SUB> column density distribution at z ~ 0-5. At low z , FIREbox predicts a peak in the stellar-mass-halo-mass relation but also a higher abundance of massive galaxies and a higher cosmic star formation rate density than observed, showing that stellar feedback alone is insufficient to reproduce the properties of massive galaxies at late times. Given its high resolution and sample size, FIREbox offers a baseline prediction of galaxy formation theory in a ΛCDM Universe while also highlighting modelling challenges to be addressed in next-generation galaxy simulations. | 9 |
the invention concerns a hydraulic motor having at least one gearwheel set section , a supply section and a front section on which an output arrangement can be fixed , the sections being connected with each other in the axial direction by fixing bolts . it is desired to simplify the production and the service during operation for such a motor . for this purpose several bores are provided , which penetrate the motor from one axial end to the other , in which connection bolts are arranged , which are provided with an engagement area on the side of the front section . | 5 |
a method and system are provided for encoding a picture . the method includes encoding the picture into a first encoded picture using a first universal quantizer . if a size of the first encoded picture is greater than a maximum picture size , the method includes encoding the picture into a second encoded picture using small quantizers for smooth regions of the picture and large quantizers for complex regions . if a size of the second encoded picture is still greater than a maximum picture size , the method includes encoding the picture into a third encoded picture with revised quantizers for complex regions and dropping high frequency coefficients if necessary to ensure the encoded picture size never exceeds the maximum size . | 7 |
a frequency stabilization circuit includes a local oscillator , a mixer , a level comparator , a frequency comparator , and a controller . the local oscillator outputs a local oscillation signal in accordance with a control voltage . the mixer converts a received radio frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal using the local oscillation signal from the local oscillator . the level comparator compares a dc voltage corresponding to the intermediate frequency signal from the mixer with a reference voltage to determine whether the reception electric field level of the radio frequency signal is high or low . the frequency comparator compares the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal from the mixer with the frequency of the reference signal to output frequency difference information . the frequency comparator outputs previous frequency difference information when the comparison result of the level comparator indicates a decrease in reception electric field level . the controller outputs the control voltage to the local oscillator in accordance with the frequency difference information from the frequency comparator . | 7 |
We revisit the tidally excited oscillations (TEOs) in the A-type main-sequence eccentric binary KOI-54, the prototype of heartbeat stars. Although the linear tidal response of the star is a series of orbital-harmonic frequencies which are not stellar eigenfrequencies, we show that the non-linearly excited non-orbital-harmonic TEOs are eigenmodes. By carefully choosing the modes which satisfy the mode-coupling selection rules, a period spacing (ΔP) pattern of quadrupole gravity modes (ΔP ≈ 2520-2535 s) can be discerned in the Fourier spectrum, with a detection significance level of $99.9{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. The inferred period spacing value agrees remarkably well with the theoretical l = 2, m = 0 g modes from a stellar model with the measured mass, radius, and effective temperature. We also find that the two largest-amplitude TEOs at N = 90, 91 harmonics are very close to resonance with l = 2, m = 0 eigenmodes, and likely come from different stars. Previous works on tidal oscillations primarily focus on the modelling of TEO amplitudes and phases, the high sensitivity of TEO amplitude to the frequency detuning (tidal forcing frequency minus the closest stellar eigenfrequency) requires extremely dense grids of stellar models and prevents us from constraining the stellar physical parameters easily. This work, however, opens the window of real tidal asteroseismology by using the eigenfrequencies of the star inferred from the non-linear TEOs and possibly very-close-to-resonance linear TEOs. Our seismic modelling of these identified eigen g-modes shows that the best-matching stellar models have (M ≈ 2.20, 2.35 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) and super-solar metallicity, in good agreement with previous measurements. | 9 |
a 1 - bit signal processor receives a 1 - bit signal having a first sampling rate eg 64 fs . an upconverter increases the sampling rate to eg 128 fs . a series of delta sigma modulators processes the signal . the processed signal is down - converted by a converter to 64 fs . as least the delta sigma modulators may be implemented on an integrated circuit . the down - converter is arranged to prevent noise being folded back into the signal band . | 7 |
Features Added Session information from previous attempts can now be loaded in after entering the MTurkID. Questionnaire calculation strings that can be embeded into the .json files and are exported by /admin/export (e.g., for subscales) General Improvements condition field is now nullable added config option to allow/restrict re-takes (multiple attempts) added crumbs variable to be added to templates by default pages with blank names no longer show in the bread crumb list admin panel: if logGridClicks is False, don't show dropdown Server-side sessions are now provided by a custom interface, rather than flask-sessionstore. Removing dependency on Flask-SocketIO (while allowing eventlet to stay) Slight change to how blueprints are imported. Embedded js libraries into project rather than linking to external URLs. Additional admin pages can now be defined directly in blueprints, rather than just in the config file. Logging of grid click data is now working again Added check on /current_url route to avoid exceptions for people who have no session data. Fixed previewing questionnaires not loaded in the config. Now reports the URL when running with self.debug = False (on launch) Fixed a bug with condition assignment. Added basic /submit route that redirects user on form submission. blank logo (instead of USask logo) Updated README.md and setup.py | 9 |
apparatus for dehydrating sludge originating from water purification stations , comprising a draining grid part positioned above a pressing - belt filter part , and a device for washing the grid wherein the device is positioned above the grid , so as to limit the drop height of the flocculated sludge between the grid and the belt , thus avoiding deflocculation of the sludge between the thickening stage and the dehydration stage , the washing of the grid being performed concurrently with the movement of the sludge on the grid . | 1 |
a mixture of dry ingredients capable of forming a crosslinked polymer upon hydration for use as a fracturing fluid in processes for recovering minerals from subterranean formations . the dry mix comprises a polysaccharide , a crosslinking agent selected to become active after the polysaccharide has been substantially hydrated , and a ph - adjusting agent to facilitate the crosslinking reaction . the mix is hydrated while being pumped and reaches maximum viscosity in the subterranean formation . | 8 |
a method for position sensing includes inserting a probe having a first probe - electrode and a second probe - electrode into a body of a subject , and coupling body - surface electrodes to a surface of the body . currents passing between the first probe - electrode and the body - surface electrodes are measured , using first circuitry coupled to at least the first probe - electrode and having a first electrical ground , and position coordinates of the probe are determined responsively to the measured currents . second circuitry , having a second electrical ground , is coupled to at least the second probe - electrode , and the first electrical ground is isolated from the second electrical ground . | 0 |
a method and apparatus for peeling a variety of fruits and vegetables wherein a sharp blade is traversed and rotated in a continuous or intermittent manner across a rotating fruit or vegetable . in a first aspect of the invention , the fruit or vegetable is mounted on a slender arbor which cooperates with a pair of surfaces to rotate and constrain the fruit or vegetable with respect to the peeling blade . the arbor is manually rotated with one hand of a user as an opposite hand controlled peeling blade is traversed from side to side and rotated to engage center and end portions of the peeling blade with the fruit or vegetable . in a second aspect of the invention , the arbor is driven by a small electric motor , a small kitchen appliance , such as an electric can opener or mixer , or a small kitchen appliance such as a mixer which cooperates with the arbor to constrain and rotate the fruit or vegetable with respect to the peeling blade . | 0 |
What's Changed Keep track of which files have already been parsed by @tetron in https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/pull/1786 Move sys.exit by @jfennick in https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/pull/1772 --write-summary to redirect final JSON output by @jfennick in https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/pull/1773 misc Update README and other documentation cleanup by @mr-c in https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/pull/1778 Dockerfile: Security upgrade python from 3.10-alpine to 3.11-alpine by @snyk-bot in https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/pull/1781 conformance testing: switch to pytest + cwltest by @mr-c in https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/pull/1783 [doc] Add autolabels so intersphinx can link to anchors like index#install by @kinow in https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/pull/1787 flake8 cleanup by @mr-c in https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/pull/1791 Full Changelog: https://github.com/common-workflow-language/cwltool/compare/3.1.20221201130942...3.1.20230127121939 | 9 |
two or more graphics planes are combined according to a scheme that circumvents mixing of certain regions to conserve resources . although some mixing is circumvented , the outputted display image remains visually adequate . | 6 |
an improvement of a tape cartridge is characterized in that connecting plate parts having recesses , one for each , in the rear inner portions thereof facing the exposed tape portion . the recesses formed in the rear inner portions of the connecting plate parts are preferably bevels tapering rearwardly and outwardly , but they may take the form of steps instead . | 6 |
the invention relates to a connecting element for a mechanically and electrically conductive connection , comprising at least one expansion element which is tensed in a recess which is arranged in the outer contour of the electric conductor . the tensing of the at least one expansion element in the recess occurs by means of control elements . | 7 |
We consider the possibility that aeolian (wind blown) processes occur on small, 1 to 100 km diameter, planetesimals when they were embedded in the protosolar nebula. Drag from a headwind within a protostellar disk is sufficiently large to loft cm and smaller sized particles off the surface of a 10 km diameter asteroid in the inner solar system (at a few AU), and micron sized particles off the surface of a 10 km diameter object in the Transneptunian region. The headwind is sufficiently strong to overcome surface cohesion in the inner solar system, but not in the outer solar system. However, in the outer solar system, surface particles can be redistributed or escape due to impacts from particles that are in the protosolar disk's wind. Based on scaling crater ejecta, we estimate that impacts from particles in the headwind will lead to erosion of mass rather than accretion for planetesimals below about 6 km in diameter. The erosion limit is independent of material strength but proportional to the wind velocity. We explore the sensitivity of splash particle trajectories to particle size, headwind velocity and Reynolds number. Winds from a protostellar disk could account for Kuiper Belt Object (486958) Arrokoth's smooth undulating terrain but only during an epoch of high particle flux and low wind velocity. These conditions could have been present during and just after coalescence of Arrokoth's building blocks. | 9 |
a method of manufacturing a thermometer probe includes : obtaining a hollow housing having an open end and a curved inner surface ; obtaining a flexible detecting component having an adhesive layer ; obtaining an insertion component ; detachably attaching the flexible detecting component to the insertion component ; inserting the insertion component , having the flexible detecting component attached thereto , through the open end of the hollow housing and into the hollow housing such that the adhesive layer is disposed between the insertion component and the inner surface ; and adhering , via the adhesive layer , the flexible detecting component to the curved inner surface . | 8 |
the invention relates to methods for the targeted production of lysobactin derivatives by combined chemical and enzymatic modifications . in particular , the invention relates to method for preparing lysobactin fragment 4 - 11 by chemical reduction and cleavage of the resultant product by chymotrypsin . | 2 |
a financial institution , such as a bank , issues numerous uniquely coded certificates to various individual entities in exchange for monetary value received . the holder of each certificate is entitled to receive a certain average rate of income from the monetary value represented by that certificate ; which average rate of income would generally be proportional to prevailing interest rate as well as to the monetary value represented by the certificate . to avoid the relatively high transaction costs associated with periodic payments of a relatively modest income to the holder of each of numerous individual certificates , a statistical method is used . by way of this statistical method , a relatively few of the numerous uniquely coded certificates are randomly chosen at the end of each of a continuous sequence of time periods , and all the income attributable to all the issued certificates for the associated time period is then paid to the holders of the relatively few certificates chosen for that time period . alternatively , the earnings resulting from the monetary values received are simply retained and added to the total fund of money underlying the certificates , thereby causing the monetary value of each certificate to grow over time . thus , the total earnings attributable to a given certificate is continuously cumulated and added to the value represented by that certificate . | 6 |
a telecommunication network component , comprising : a memory configured to store instructions , and a processor configured to execute the stored instructions , the instructions comprising : determining a plurality of power allocation adjustments for signals transmitted via an antenna array that promotes decision - feedback detection without using channel state information , and outputting the power allocation adjustments to the array . also disclosed is a power allocation method comprising : determining a power allocation scheme that promotes decision - feedback detection in a multiple - input and multiple - output system without using channel state information , and implementing the power allocation scheme on an antenna array by modifying an adjustment for each of a plurality of antennas in the array . | 7 |
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