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35950171 | A survey of minimally invasive surfactant therapy in Canada. | Minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) can be used to treat neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Clinical and institutional variances in MIST utilization persist globally with little published research regarding MIST utilization in Canada. Therefore, the objective of this study was to survey MIST utilization in NICUs in Canada. |
35950174 | Association between serum chlamydial antibody levels and tubal infertility in tertiary health facility in South-East Nigeria: a case-control study. | This study evaluates the association between genital Chlamydial infection and tubal factor infertility in a tertiary health facility in South-East Nigeria. |
35950173 | Primary osteosarcoma of the uterus: a report of two cases. | Primary extraskeletal a is an mon disease and has been reported to affect the uterus only rarely. Less than 20 cases have so far been reported in the English literature. mon clinical presentation is heavy bleeding |
35950175 | Utility of an orthopaedic trauma registry in Ghana. | In most low- and e countries, trauma registries are mon. Although institutional registries for all trauma patients are ideal, it can be more practical to institute departmental registries for specific subsets of patients. Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) has started a locally developed, self-funded orthopaedic trauma registry. We describe methods and experiences for data collection and examine patient and injury characteristics, data quality, and the utility of the registry. Of 961 individuals in the registry, 67.9% were males, and the median age was 40 years. Motor vehicle collision (23.3%) was the most frequent mechanism of injury. Lower extremity fractures were the mon injury (60.6%), and 43.9% of injuries were managed operatively. Data quality was reasonable with missingness under 10% for 13 of 14 key variables, with inconsistencies of dates of injury, admission, treatment, and discharge in 9.1% of cases. However, the type of operation was missing for 73.2% of operative cases. Despite these limitations, the registry has been used for quality improvement and to successfully advocate for resources to improve trauma care. The registry has been improved by adding more detailed e variables, creating a standardised codebook of categorical variables, and adding more fields to allow for multiple injuries. In conclusion, it is practical and sustainable to institute a locally developed, self-funded orthopaedic trauma registry in Ghana that provides data with reasonable quality. Such a registry can be used to advocate for more resources to care for injured patients adequately and for quality improvement. |
35950176 | Epidemiological features of brucellosis and factors affecting its treatment failure and relapse in Qom Province, Iran. | Brucellosis is one of the major health problems in many areas of the world, especially in the Mediterranean and the Middle East regions. |
35950178 | Marbelization of the gallbladder, a variant of acute gangrenous cholecystitis. | Cholelithiasis can present from a milder form of biliary colic to a more severe plicated one like empyema gallbladder and a lesser-known variant of gangrenous gallbladder called marbleization of the gallbladder. The clinical signs and symptoms are similar to acute cholecystitis. Diabetes mellitus could have a role in the process of marbleization. Diagnosing marbleization of the gall bladder is not easy preoperatively. Computerized tomography is a better diagnostic modality pared to laboratory investigations. Urgent cholecystectomy is the only option, and there is no role of conservative treatment. We report a case of a 36-year-old man with newly diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus diagnosed initially as acute cholecystitis and managed conservatively. He did not respond to treatment and hence underwent cholecystectomy and intraoperatively was found to have marbleization of the gall bladder. |
35950179 | Solitary neurofibroma of the right lateral wall of the oropharynx. | Solitary neurofibroma of the oropharynx is extremely rare. Imaging explorations may be necessary, but the diagnostic certainty is pathological. We report a case of benign tumour of the oropharynx in a 25-year-old woman who was seen for a consultation with dysphagia, a change in voice and dyspnea in the supine position. The excision was performed under general anaesthesia with orotracheal intubation via the oropharyngeal route. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed neurofibroma. Although rare, solitary neurofibroma of the oropharynx should be considered in any benign tumour in the area. |
35950177 | Anxiety, depression, and stress in caregivers of children and adolescents with mental disorders in Ghana and implications for medication adherence. | This study assessed levels of anxiety, depression, and stress among family caregivers of children and adolescents with mental disorders in Ghana and the implication on medication adherence. |
35950182 | Breast cancer treatment and outcomes at Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana. | This study sought to determine the presentation, treatment and es of breast cancer among women in Cape Coast, Ghana. |
35950181 | Continuous positive airway pressure in managing acute respiratory distress in children in district hospitals: evidence for scale-up. | In children, acute respiratory distress (ARD) is a clinical presentation requiring emergency management, including mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilators are lacking in sub-Saharan Africa. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is an alternative form of non-invasive respiratory support that has been used in e countries for over four decades. Its use in sub-Saharan Africa is, however, limited and often restricted to neonates. Controlled trials in Ghana have shown that the use of CPAP in children younger aged 1-12 months reduces 2-week all-cause mortality from ARD by 60% (RR 0·40, 0·19-0·82; p=0·01). The absolute reduction in mortality of 4% implies one infant life saved for every 25 children treated with CPAP. This paper reviews the findings of the trials in Ghana and contrasts the findings with those of trials in Bangladesh and Malawi. It makes the case that implementation research (rather than more controlled trials) is now needed to support the routine, safe and effective use of CPAP in managing ARD in older infants in district hospitals in Ghana. |
35950180 | Community acceptance, satisfaction, and support for case management of malaria of various degrees in selected rural communities in Ibadan, Oyo-State. | This study aimed to munities' perception and adoption of the evidenced-based malaria diagnosis and case management intervention targeted at under-five children. The effectiveness of trained Volunteer Community Health Workers (VCHWs) to diagnose malaria among under-five children using rapid diagnostic testing kit, provide treatment using Artemisinin Combination Therapy and rectal Artesunate were assessed. |
35950183 | Molecular dynamics analysis of the structural properties of the transglutaminases of | The microbial transglutaminase (TGase) from |
35950185 | Unveiling molecular details behind improved activity at neutral to alkaline pH of an engineered DyP-type peroxidase. | DyP-type peroxidases (DyPs) are microbial enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of a wide range of substrates, including synthetic dyes, pounds, and metals, such as Mn |
35950184 | A combined metabolomics and molecular biology approach to reveal hepatic injury and underlying mechanisms after chronic l-lactate exposure in mice. | This study aimed to explore whether chronic l-lactate exposure could affect the peripheral tissues of mice and to determine the underlying pathogenesis. Herein, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control and l-lactate groups. After l-lactate treatment for eight weeks (1 g/kg), metabolic changes in liver, kidney, muscle, and serum samples were determined by |
35950187 | Turning towards nonimmunoreactive tumors: Evaluation of cancer-associated fibroblasts enables prediction of the immune microenvironment and treatment sensitivity in pancreatic cancer. | Increasing evidence has confirmed that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) recruit and induce regulatory T cells (Tregs) and macrophages but inhibit cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration to a certain extent, indicating that CAFs have a significant influence on the immunosuppressive microenvironment. However, the effect of CAFs on the immune microenvironment and immunotherapy response in pancreatic cancer remains unclear. Our research identified remarkable variation in CAF-associated molecules in multiple cancer types at the genetic and transcriptome levels. Two phenotypes were identified for 476 pancreatic cancer samples, and the different phenotypes exhibited significant variation in immune and inflammatory characteristics. Phenotype 1 exhibited higher levels of immune infiltration and lower expression of tumor-associated gene signatures than phenotype 2. We used a multipart approach to assess the prognostic value of CAF-associated molecules and constructed a CAF score model that could accurately predict patient prognosis. The CAF score accurately predicted infiltrating immune cell abundance, chemosensitivity, and the response to immunotherapy. Additionally, we found that the CAF-associated molecule FGFR4 may promote the proliferation and migration and inhibit the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells and is correlated with immune infiltration, suggesting its potential role as an oncogene. CAFs may promote the malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer through FGFR4. In summary, our research highlights potential relationships of the dysregulation of CAF-associated molecules with genome alterations and carcinogenesis in multiple malignancies. Our CAF-associated phenotypes and scoring system may enhance the understanding of pancreatic cancer chemotherapy sensitivity and immunotherapy response, providing new insights for personalized chemotherapy and immunotherapy. |
35950186 | Mapping nucleosome and chromatin architectures: A survey of computational methods. | With ever-growing genomic sequencing data, the data variabilities and the underlying biases of the sequencing technologies pose putational challenges ranging from the need for accurately detecting the nucleosome positioning or chromatin interaction to the need for developing normalization methods to eliminate systematic biases. This review mainly surveys putational methods for mapping the higher-resolution nucleosome and higher-order chromatin architectures. While a detailed discussion of the underlying algorithms is beyond the scope of our survey, we have discussed the methods and tools that can detect the nucleosomes in the genome, then demonstrated putational methods for identifying 3D chromatin domains and interactions. We further putational approaches for integrating multi-omics data with Hi-C data and the advance of single-cell (sc)Hi-C data analysis. Our survey provides prehensive and valuable resource for biomedical scientists interested in studying nucleosome organization and chromatin structures as well as putational scientists who are interested in improving upon them. |
35950188 | Relative flux trade-offs and optimization of metabolic network functionalities. | Trade-offs between traits are present across different levels of biological systems and ultimately reflect constraints imposed by physicochemical laws and the structure of underlying biochemical networks. Yet, mechanistic explanation of how trade-offs between molecular traits arise and how they relate to optimization of fitness-related traits remains elusive. Here, we introduce the concept of relative flux trade-offs and propose a constraint-based approach, termed FluTOr, to identify metabolic reactions whose fluxes are in relative trade-off with respect to an optimized fitness-related cellular task, like growth. We then employed FluTOr to identify relative flux trade-offs in the genome-scale metabolic networks of |
35950190 | Ceftazidime-avibactam based combinations against carbapenemase producing | bination of carbapenem resistance and hypervirulence in |
35950191 | Integrated liver proteomics and metabolomics identify metabolic pathways affected by pantothenic acid deficiency in Pekin ducks. | Pantothenic acid deficiency (PAD) in animals causes growth depression, fasting hypoglycemia and impaired lipid and glucose metabolism. However, a systematic multi-omics analysis of effects of PAD on hepatic function has apparently not been reported. We investigated liver proteome and metabolome changes induced by PAD to explain its effects on growth and liver metabolic disorders. Pekin ducks (1-d-old, |
35950189 | A comprehensive multi-omics analysis reveals molecular features associated with cancer via RNA cross-talks in the Notch signaling pathway. | The Notch signaling has an important role in multiple cellular processes and is related to carcinogenic process. To understand the potential molecular features of the crucial Notch pathway, prehensive multi-omics analysis is performed to explore its contributions in cancer, mainly including analysis of somatic mutation landscape, pan-cancer expression, ncRNA regulation and potential prognostic power. The screened 22 Notch core genes are relative stable in DNA variation. Dynamic expression patterns are associated with the Notch activity, which are mainly regulated by multiple ncRNAs via interactions of ncRNA:mRNA and ceRNA networks. The Notch pathway shows a potential prognostic ability through integrating multi-omics features as well as their targets, and it is correlated with immune infiltration and maybe available drug targets, implying the potential role in individualized treatment. Collectively, all of these findings contribute to exploring crucial role of the key pathway in cancer pathophysiology and gaining mechanistic insights into cross-talks among RNAs and biological pathways, which indicates the possible application of the well-conserved Notch signaling pathway in precision medicine. |
35950193 | A statistical method to optimize the chemical etching process of zinc oxide thin films. | Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an attractive material for microscale and nanoscale devices. Its desirable semiconductor, piezoelectric and optical properties make it useful in applications ranging from microphones to missile warning systems to biometric sensors. This work introduces a demonstration of blending statistics and chemical etching of thin films to identify the dominant factors and interaction between factors, and develop statistically enhanced models on etch rate and selectivity of c-axis-oriented nanocrystalline ZnO thin films. Over other mineral acids, ammonium chloride (NH |
35950192 | Fuzzy Pattern Tree Evolution Using Grammatical Evolution. | A novel approach to induce Fuzzy Pattern Trees using Grammatical Evolution is presented in this paper. This new method, called Fuzzy Grammatical Evolution, is applied to a set of benchmark classification problems. Experimental results show that Fuzzy Grammatical Evolution attains similar and oftentimes better results pared with state-of-the-art Fuzzy Pattern posing methods, namely Fuzzy Pattern Trees evolved using Cartesian Genetic Programming, on a set of benchmark problems. We show that, although Cartesian Genetic Programming produces smaller trees, Fuzzy Grammatical Evolution produces better performing trees. Fuzzy Grammatical Evolution also benefits from a reduction in the number of necessary user-selectable parameters, while Cartesian Genetic Programming requires the selection of three crucial graph parameters before each experiment. To address the issue of bloat, an additional version of Fuzzy Grammatical Evolution using parsimony pressure was tested. The experimental results show that Fuzzy Grammatical Evolution with this extension routinely finds smaller trees than those using Cartesian Genetic Programming without promise in performance. To improve the performance of Fuzzy Grammatical Evolution, various ensemble methods were investigated. Boosting was seen to find the best individuals on half the benchmarks investigated. |
35950194 | COVID-19 risk perception and hoax beliefs in the US immediately before and after the announcement of President Trump's diagnosis. | A notable challenge of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been public scepticism over the severity of the disease, or even its existence. Such scepticism is politically skewed in the USA, with conservatives more likely to downplay or deny the risks of the virus. However, the hospitalization of President Trump with COVID-19 in October 2020 served as a high-profile exemplar of the reality and risks of the virus, and as such may have influenced opinions, particularly for US conservatives. We investigate whether President Trump testing positive was associated with changes in public attitudes towards the virus. In two studies, we surveyed independent representative US samples before and after the announcement of Trump's illness. In Study 1, measuring risk perceptions of the virus, we find that participants surveyed before and after the announcement did not differ in their risk perception regardless of political orientation. In Study 2, measuring belief that the virus is a hoax, we find that among those on the far right of the political spectrum, hoax belief was lower for those surveyed after the announcement, suggesting that Trump's hospitalization may have affected the beliefs of those most receptive to the President's earlier suggestions that the virus might be a hoax. |
35950195 | Population demography of feral honeybee colonies in central European forests. | European honeybee populations are considered to consist only of managed colonies, but recent censuses have revealed that wild/feral colonies still occur in various countries. To gauge the ecological and evolutionary relevance of wild-living honeybees, information is needed on their population demography. We monitored feral honeybee colonies in German forests for up to 4 years through regular inspections of woodpecker cavity trees and microsatellite genotyping. Each summer, about 10% of the trees were occupied, corresponding to average densities of 0.23 feral colonies km |
35950196 | Weak self-supervised learning for seizure forecasting: a feasibility study. | This paper proposes an artificial intelligence system that continuously improves over time at event prediction using initially unlabelled data by using self-supervised learning. Time-series data are inherently autocorrelated. By using a detection model to generate weak labels on the fly, which are concurrently used as targets to train a prediction model on a time-shifted input data stream, this autocorrelation can effectively be harnessed to reduce the burden of manual labelling. This is critical in medical patient monitoring, as it enables the development of personalized forecasting models without demanding the annotation of long sequences of physiological signal recordings. We perform a feasibility study on seizure prediction, which is identified as an ideal test case, as pre-ictal brainwaves are patient-specific, and tailoring models to individual patients is known to improve forecasting performance significantly. Our self-supervised approach is used to train individualized forecasting models for 10 patients, showing an average relative improvement in sensitivity by 14.30% and a reduction in false alarms by 19.61% in early seizure forecasting. This proof-of-concept on the feasibility of using a continuous stream of time-series neurophysiological data paves the way towards a low-power neuromorphic neuromodulation system. |
35950198 | Causal machine learning for healthcare and precision medicine. | Causal machine learning (CML) has experienced increasing popularity in healthcare. Beyond the inherent capabilities of adding domain knowledge into learning systems, CML provides plete toolset for investigating how a system would react to an intervention (e.g. e given a treatment). Quantifying effects of interventions allows actionable decisions to be made while maintaining robustness in the presence of confounders. Here, we explore how causal inference can be incorporated into different aspects of clinical decision support systems by using recent advances in machine learning. Throughout this paper, we use Alzheimer's disease to create examples for illustrating how CML can be advantageous in clinical scenarios. Furthermore, we discuss important challenges present in healthcare applications such as processing high-dimensional and unstructured data, generalization to out-of-distribution samples and temporal relationships, that despite the great effort from the munity remain to be solved. Finally, we review lines of research within causal representation learning, causal discovery and causal reasoning which offer the potential towards addressing the aforementioned challenges. |
35950197 | No signs of automatic perspective-taking or its modulation by joint attention in toddlers using an object retrieval task. | It is currently debated whether simple forms of social perspective-taking that are in place by late infancy are performed automatically. We conducted two experiments ( |
35950199 | The partial merger of two dolphin societies. | Interactions between mammalian social groups are generally antagonistic as individuals in groups cooperate to defend resources from non-members. Members of the family Delphinidae inhabit a three-dimensional habitat where resource defence is usually impractical. Here, we describe a long-term partial fusion of munities of Atlantic spotted dolphins ( |
35950200 | Macrophage polarization as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis: a dynamic stochastic modelling study. | We proposed a dynamic stochastic mathematical model to evaluate the role of macrophage polarization in plaque development. The dynamic process of macrophages from proliferation to death was simulated under different lipid microenvironments. The probability of macrophage phenotypic switching was described using a Bernoulli distribution where the stochastic variable was determined by the local lipid level. Moreover, the interactions between macrophages and microenvironmental factors vary with macrophage phenotype. We investigated the distribution of key microenvironmental factors, the dynamics of macrophage polarization and its influence on foam cell formation. M1 macrophages were found to predominate in advanced plaque corresponding to the exacerbated inflammation observed in mice experiments. The imbalance between the deposition of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and phagocytic effects of macrophages governed the formation of foam cells. Furthermore, we simulated targeted therapies by either directly inhibiting the polarization probability to M1 macrophages or indirectly regulating macrophage polarization due to high-density lipoprotein levels. Comparison of simulation results with experimental findings in both therapies indicated that the intervention and regulation of macrophage polarization could influence plaque microenvironment and subsequently induce plaque regression, especially in the early stage. The proposed modelling system can facilitate the evaluation of novel therapies targeting macrophage polarization. |
35950201 | Does competitive winning increase subsequent cheating? | In this preregistered study, we attempted to replicate and substantially extend a frequently cited experiment by Schurr and Ritov, published in 2016, suggesting that winners of petitions are more likely than others to steal money in subsequent games of chance against different opponents, possibly because of an enhanced sense of entitlement petition winners. A replication seemed desirable because of the relevance of the effect to dishonesty in everyday life, the apparent counterintuitivity of the effect, possible problems and anomalies in the original study, and above all the fact that the researchers investigated only one potential explanation for the effect. Our results failed to replicate Schurr and Ritov's basic finding: we found no evidence to support the hypotheses that either winning or losing is associated with subsequent cheating. A second online study also failed to replicate Schurr and Ritov's basic finding. We used structural equation modelling to test four possible explanations for cheating-sense of entitlement, self-confidence, feeling lucky and inequality aversion. Only inequality aversion turned out to be significantly associated with cheating. |
35950202 | Immunotherapy and Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation in B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: How to Sequence? | Long-term disease control is achieved in 80-90% of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia of B origin (B-ALL). About half of adult and 10% of pediatric patients develop refractory or relapsed disease, whereas survival after relapse accounts about 10% in adults and 30-50% in children. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation offers remarkable benefit in cases with unfavorable e. Nevertheless, novel immunotherapeutic options have been approved for patients with adverse prognosis. Immunotherapeutic agents, nowadays, are preferred over standard chemotherapy for patients with relapsed or refractory B-ALL The mode of action, efficacy and safety data of immunotherapeutic agents released, indications and sequence of those therapies over the course of treatment, are herein reviewed. |
35950204 | Selected Domains within a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in Older Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma are Highly Associated with Frailty. | The incidence of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is increasing, particularly among older patients who tend to have worse es and can be predisposed to increased toxicities and less treatment tolerance. Therefore, a thorough pre-treatment assessment is essential. prehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) can be used to evaluate the older patient considering chemotherapy and is the preferred evaluation tool. However, a formal CGA is plex and time-consuming. |
35950205 | Safety and Efficacy of Elective Switch from Nilotinib to Imatinib in Newly Diagnosed Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. | The treatment of newly diagnosed chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with nilotinib has resulted in a higher rate of major molecular (MMR) plete cytogenetic response (CCyR) at pared to imatinib but at a higher cumulative cost and increased risk of serious adverse events. To maintain long-term efficacy and minimize both toxicity and costs, we aimed at evaluating in a prospective single-center trial the efficacy and safety of a response-directed switch from nilotinib to imatinib after 12 months in patients newly diagnosed with chronic phase CML. Thirteen adult patients were enrolled. Twelve patients started on nilotinib 300 mg twice daily. Eleven pleted one year of nilotinib and were switched to imatinib 400 mg daily as per protocol. At 3 months, all patients achieved plete hematologic response, with 7 (58%) patients had early molecular response. At 12 months, all patients achieved CCyR, of whom 5 (42%) and 4 (33%) patients achieved MMR and MR4.5, respectively. Three (27%) patients switched back to nilotinib after 18, 24, and 51 months respectively: 1 patient because of loss of CCyR after 18 months, and 2 patients because of imatinib intolerance. At last follow-up, all patients ( |
35950206 | Retrospective Multicenter Real-Life Study on the First-Line Treatment of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma in Argentina. | There are no data in Argentina on the response rates to first-line treatment of classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) outside clinical trials. A total of 498 patients from 7 public and private hospitals in Argentina were retrospectively examined. The median follow-up was 37.4 months (CI 95% 17.7-63.5). The median time from diagnosis to treatment was 22 days (IQR 14-42), which was significantly longer in public hospitals (49.3 (IC 95% 38.5-60.2) versus 32.5 (IC 95% 27-38); |
35950207 | Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis Due to Co-infection with Mucormycosis and | Invasive fungal infections remain an important cause plication and morbidity in the management of acute leukemias. Here we report the case of a 27-year-old patient from French Polynesia who was diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome-negative B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. After induction chemotherapy, she developed rhinosinusitis with extensive bone lysis. The context and clinical presentation quickly made us suspect an invasive mucormycosis infection. However, a multidisciplinary investigation including mass spectrometry techniques also revealed the presence of |
35950208 | Clinical, Diagnostic and Prognostic Characteristics of Primary Cutaneous Gamma Delta T-cell Lymphomas. | Primary cutaneous |
35950211 | Therapeutic knockdown of miR-320 improves deteriorated cardiac function in a pre-clinical model of non-ischemic diabetic heart disease. | Non-ischemic diabetic heart disease (NiDHD) is characterized by diastolic dysfunction and decreased or preserved systolic function, eventually resulting in heart failure. Accelerated apoptotic cell death because of alteration of molecular signaling pathways due to dysregulation in microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a significant role in the development of NiDHD. Here, we aimed to determine the pathological role of cardiomyocyte-enriched pro-apoptotic miR-320 in the development of NiDHD. We identified a marked upregulation of miR-320 that was associated with downregulation of its target protein insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in human right atrial appendage tissue in the late stages of cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic db/db mice and high-glucose-cultured human ventricular cardiomyocytes (AC-16 cells). |
35950210 | The Use of Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia. | The use of Bruton Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitors in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (WM) is evolving. Ibrutinib, a first-generation BTK inhibitor, is currently approved for use in frontline and relapsed/refractory disease. Second-generation BTK inhibitors are being used and studied to improve clinical es and/or safety profile. Zanubrutinib, one such second-generation inhibitor, was recently approved in treatment-naive and refractory/relapsed patients. Here, we review the use of BTK inhibitors in WM in front-line and refractory or relapsed settings. We also mon adverse events, the emergence of BTK inhibitors resistance, and future directions of their use. |
35950212 | AAV-mediated delivery of osteoblast/osteoclast-regulating miRNAs for osteoporosis therapy. | Osteoporosis occurs due to a dysregulation in bone remodeling, a process requiring both bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Current leading osteoporosis therapies suppress osteoclast-mediated bone resorption but show limited therapeutic effects because osteoblast-mediated bone formation decreases concurrently. We developed a gene therapy strategy for osteoporosis that simultaneously promotes bone formation and suppresses bone resorption by targeting two microRNAs (miRNAs)-miR-214-3p and miR-34a-5p. We modulated the expression of these miRNAs using systemically delivered binant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors targeting the bone. rAAV-mediated overexpression of miR-214-3p or inhibition of miR-34a-5p in the skeleton resulted in bone loss in adult mice, resembling osteoporotic bones. Conversely, rAAV-mediated inhibition of miR-214-3p or overexpression of miR-34a-5p reversed bone loss in mouse models for postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis by increasing osteoblast-mediated bone formation and decreasing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Notably, these mice did not show any apparent pathological phenotypes in non-skeletal tissues. Mechanistically, inhibiting miR-214-3p upregulated activating transcription factor 4 in osteoblasts and phatase and tensin homolog in osteoclasts, while overexpressing miR-34a-5p downregulated Notch1 in osteoblasts and TGF-β-induced factor homeobox 2 in osteoclasts. In summary, bone-targeting rAAV-mediated regulation of miR-214-3p or miR-34a-5p is a promising new approach to treat osteoporosis, while limiting adverse effects in non-skeletal tissues. |
35950214 | Aberrant HSF1 signaling activation underlies metformin amelioration of myocardial infarction in mice. | Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality. Clinically, rehabilitation after massive MI often has a poor prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the therapeutic methods of myocardial protection after MI. As a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, metformin has been found to have a certain protective effect on myocardial tissue. However, its pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated key factors that reduced MI with metformin. Through |
35950213 | A CRISPR-guided mutagenic DNA polymerase strategy for the detection of antibiotic-resistant mutations in | A sharp increase in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) threatens human health. Spontaneous mutation in essential gene confers an ability of |
35950216 | Outcomes of distal radial endoprostheses for tumour reconstruction: a single centre experience over 15 years. | We report a retrospective study over a 15-year period, between 2005 and 2020, evaluating clinical and functional es in patients who underwent reconstruction of the distal radius with an endoprosthetic replacement following excision of both malignant and aggressive benign bone tumours. Data was collected retrospectively from a prospectively maintained electronic database, and prospectively via telephone patient consultation. Musculoskeletal Tumour Society and patient-rated wrist evaluation scores were assessed at a minimum of 1 year postoperatively. Of nine implants, five were arthrodeses and four were arthroplasties. One patient required amputation within 6 months for proximal metastatic disease. At last follow-up, eight patients subjectively reported good function. Five patients returned to high functionally demanding jobs. Mean Musculoskeletal Tumour Society and patient-rated wrist evaluation scores were 72% and 50/100, respectively. We conclude that distal radius endoprosthetic replacements offer acceptable functional es and remain a viable option when biological reconstruction is not possible. |
35950219 | Test-retest reliability of the neurotracker compared to the impact test for the management of mild traumatic brain injuries during two consecutive university sport seasons. | Neurocognitive assessment tools such as the Neurotracker and ImPACT have been proposed to optimize sports-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) management. Baseline testing is mended with such assessments to individualize monitoring of athletes' remission. While the ideal timeframe between baseline updates has been studied for the ImPACT, these data are missing for the Neurotracker. |
35950220 | Pancreatic Ducts Obliteration With Controlled Injection of Onyx | The aim of this study was confirm the efficacy and feasibility of Onyx injection for pancreatic stump management after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and investigate a new Onyx |
35950218 | Dynamics of monocyte-derived macrophage diversity in experimental myocardial infarction. | Macrophages have a critical and dual role in post-ischaemic cardiac repair, as they can foster both tissue healing and damage. Multiple subsets of tissue resident and monocyte-derived macrophages coexist in the infarcted heart, but their precise identity, temporal dynamics, and the mechanisms regulating their acquisition of discrete states are not fully understood. To address this, we used multi-modal single-cell immune bined with targeted cell depletion and macrophage fate mapping, to precisely map monocyte/macrophage transitions after experimental myocardial infarction. |
35950221 | 'I'm not perfect': Navigating screen time among parents of young children during COVID-19. | The use of screen time for young children has been hotly debated among experts. This study explored the utilization of screen time among mothers with young children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to understand maternal motivation for utilizing screen time and how mothers have engaged in screen time since the beginning of the pandemic. |
35950223 | Magnetic resonance imaging thicknesses and apparent diffusion coefficient values of the endometrium and junction zone in women of reproductive age. | The endometrium and uterine junction zone often change throughout the menstrual cycle. Some pathological conditions may appear normal in uterine imaging, which will lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. |
35950222 | HEG1 as a novel potential biomarker for the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. | Heart development protein with EGF-like domains 1 (HEG1), generally related to angiogenesis and embryonic development, was reported to participate in the occurrence and progression of some tumors recently. However, the role of HEG1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unclear. |
35950224 | Mirror hand-ulnar dimelia: a single centre experience with 13 patients. | Mirror hand-ulnar dimelia (MHUD) is rare congenital disorder with a wide range of clinical and radiographic features. The current nomenclature is confusing and the existing classification systems focus mainly on morphology without providing much guidance for treatment. The goal of this study was to review the clinical and radiological features in 13 children with MHUD that were treated at a single institution. Our findings support the hypothesis that MHUD typically involves the entire upper limb, and the treatment plan should consider the predictors of function at each limb segment. A logical prehensive management algorithm is proposed. |
35950226 | Reversible Phase Transition for Durable Formamidinium-Dominated Perovskite Photovoltaics. | Phase instability is one of the major obstacles to the wide application of formamidinium (FA)-dominated perovskite solar cells (PSCs). An in-depth investigation on relevant phase transitions is urgently needed to explore more effective phase-stabilization strategies. Herein, the reversible phase-transition process of FA |
35950228 | Clinico-radiologic characteristics of lacrimal sac area swellings misdiagnosed as dacryocystocele or mucocele. | Several non-lacrimal lesions can present with lacrimal sac area swelling mimicking a dacryocystocele or mucocele with a possibility of misdiagnosis. This study investigates the clinic-radiologic characteristics of the mimicking pared to true lacrimal sac distension. |
35950230 | Lessons Learned in Implementing an Aging Research Training Program for Underrepresented Minority Students. | This brief report provides an overview of lessons learned through evaluation of the first five years of the NIA-funded South Carolina-Advancing Diversity in Aging Research (SC-ADAR) undergraduate program, whose goal is to increase the number of qualified underrepresented minority (URM) students who pursue scientific graduate studies in programs focusing on medicine, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and aging. Partnering with five Historically Black Colleges and Universities in South Carolina, we implemented a research training approach that included two consecutive summers of research training in a University of South Carolina faculty laboratory, as part of prehensive 24-month research education program. In addition to the mentored research experience in a laboratory, students had coursework in the biology of aging and social gerontology, with additional workshops tailored to emergent student needs including basic academic skills development, work-life management skills, reflective social experiences, and enhanced support in the transition from undergraduate to graduate school. We provide an overview of lessons learned throughout the early program period, and a description of the iterative changes we made in the program in response to this learning, all of which have been incorporated into the existing SC-ADAR program. |
35950231 | Silver-Catalyzed One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of α-Aminonitriles and Biologically Relevant α-Amino-phosphonates. | A simple silver salt (AgSbF |
35950232 | Robust statistical boosting with quantile-based adaptive loss functions. | bine robust loss functions with statistical boosting algorithms in an adaptive way to perform variable selection and predictive modelling for potentially high-dimensional biomedical data. To achieve robustness against outliers in the e variable (vertical outliers), we consider posite robust loss functions together with base-learners for linear regression. posite loss functions, such as the Huber loss and the Bisquare loss, a threshold parameter has to be specified that controls the robustness. In the context of boosting algorithms, we propose an approach that adapts the threshold parameter posite robust losses in each iteration to the current sizes of residuals, based on a fixed quantile level. pared the performance of our approach to classical M-regression, boosting with standard loss functions or the lasso regarding prediction accuracy and variable selection in different simulated settings: the adaptive Huber and Bisquare losses led to a better performance when the e contained outliers or was affected by specific types of corruption. For non-corrupted data, our approach yielded a similar performance to boosting with the efficient |
35950234 | Tailoring the therapeutic interventions for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. | Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are symptoms of non-cognitive nature, which frequently develop during the course and different stages of dementia. The diagnosis of BPSD plex due to symptom variety, and relies on detailed clinical evaluation and medical history. Accurate assessment of BPSD is crucial in order to tailor therapeutic intervention (non-pharmacological and pharmacological) for each individual and monitor patient response to therapy. |
35950235 | The importance of definitions in the measurement of long-term health conditions in childhood. Variations in prevalence of long-term health conditions in the UK using data from the Millennium Cohort Study, 2004-2015. | To explore the impact of various measurements of long-term health conditions (LTCs) on the resulting prevalence estimates using data from a nationally representative dataset. |
35950237 | Epigenetic modulation of visceral nociception. | Epigenetics is a process that alters gene activity or phenotype without any changes in the underlying DNA sequence or genotype. These biological changes may have deleterious effects and can lead to various human diseases. Ongoing research is continuing to illuminate the role of epigenetics in a variety of pathophysiologic processes. Several categories of epigenetic mechanisms have been studied including chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA mechanisms. These epigenetic changes can have a long-term effect on gene expression without any underlying changes in the DNA sequences. The underlying pathophysiology of disorders of brain-gut interaction and stress-induced visceral pain are not fully understood and the role of epigenetic mechanisms in these disorders are starting to be better understood. Current work is underway to determine how epigenetics plays a role in the neurobiology of patients with chronic visceral pain and heightened visceral nociception. More recently, both animal models and human studies have shown how epigenetic regulation modulates stress-induced visceral pain. While much more work is needed to fully delineate the mechanistic role of epigenetics in the neurobiology of chronic visceral nociception, the current study by Louwies et al., in Neurogastroenterology and Motility provides additional evidence supporting the involvement of epigenetic alterations in the central nucleus of the amygdala in stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity in rodents. |
35950238 | Cost-Effectiveness of Intraoperative Electromyography to Determine Adequate Screw Position. | Prospective observational cohort. |
35950240 | The European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in mHealth: Theoretical and practical aspects for practitioners' use. | The extensive use of smart technology (smartphones and wearables) and the vast amount of information they contain have positioned remote devices and technology as a massive database resource. Harnessing these big data into the clinical and research fields has introduced a new horizon of possibilities along with significant privacy issues. A significant evolution in this respect has been the introduction of the new European Union (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The GDPR acknowledges that information related to individuals (i.e. personal data), as well as data flow, and thus databases, are of high political, clinical, and economic value. Hence, the Regulation aims to protect personal data and, consequentially, privacy. Nevertheless, the GDPR is a legal document with legal language. The purpose of this paper is to serve as a - practical guidance as well as a theoretical framework - for clinicians (and non-clinicians) who integrates digital tools in their clinical and research work. |
35950236 | Early-Life Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Health in Late Middle-Age: Importance of Heterogeneous Income Trajectories. | This paper aims to investigate heterogeneous e changes and whether the e trajectories moderate effects of early socioeconomic disadvantage on health in late middle age. The sample was restricted to 9,056 middle-aged adults from the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2010). Through a latent class growth analysis, six patterns of e changes were identified: constantly low, constantly moderate, constantly high & increasing, high to low, moderate to high, and high to moderate. The Constantly low group more frequently displayed depressive symptoms if exposed to early socioeconomic disadvantage and Constantly low e mobility. Individuals who experienced early socioeconomic disadvantage and a downward e mobility in middle age tended to have multiple chronic conditions while there was no moderating effect of e changes for mobility functional limitations. These findings suggest that not all health es are programmed in early life: Disadvantage can be somewhat alleviated through stable and better later-life economic status. |
35950241 | The effect of long-term opioid use on back-specific disability and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain. | Opioids monly utilized for the treatment of chronic pain. However, research regarding the long-term (≥12 months) es of opioid therapy remains sparse. |
35950242 | Methods of Current Practice: Qualitative Analysis of Intervention Strategies Utilized by Vaccine Waiver Educators in Michigan. | By enacting administrative rule 325.176 (12), Michigan added a vaccine ponent as a precondition to granting vaccine waivers to vaccine-hesitant parents wishing to file a nonmedical vaccine exemption for their school-aged child. The purpose of the study was to identify best practices for reaching vaccine-hesitant parents during face-to-face vaccine education sessions conducted by vaccine waiver educators in Michigan. This study utilized qualitative descriptive content analysis of semi-structured phone interviews with vaccine waiver educators from local health departments (LHDs) in Michigan. Participants were vaccine waiver educators who were employed by a local health department in Michigan and had conducted at least 30 vaccine waiver education sessions. Strategies, resources, and techniques identified by educators as beneficial included using and providing information from a variety of piling their own educational materials, creating a positive experience, holding personalized sessions, and streamlining exemption and vaccination sessions. However, unexpected themes that emerged from the interviews revealed that vaccine waiver educators need additional training in discussing vaccine ingredients with parents, handling religious vaccine exemption requests, and assessing the role of schools. Implementing successful vaccine education interventions targeting vaccine-hesitancy is crucial to public health. Charging LHDs with overseeing vaccine education via a face-to-face discussion is a novel intervention strategy, the effective implementation of which may inform vaccine education intervention nationwide and may even be translated into international contexts and prove useful to current COVID-19 vaccination efforts. |
35950244 | Camphor and Menthol as Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship and Interaction with Cancer Cell Lines. | Cancer is a type of human cell degenerative disease that has afflicted a large number of people for years. Cancer is caused due to the abnormal proliferation of cells in any part of the body. Most of the prescribed anticancer drugs are synthetic in nature and have been reported with enormous adverse effects. The researchers are very much enthusiastic about the use of pounds and their derivatives, which have been reported with less toxicity. pounds have emerged as promising pounds with potential anticancer effects. In vitro anticancer activity of pounds with special reference to camphor and menthol has been investigated against different cancer cell lines. It has been found that camphor and menthol derivatives have potential cytotoxic activity. The present literature review outlines the various methods for the synthesis of camphor and menthol derivatives, which have potential cytotoxic activity. It highlights various cancer cell lines, which are the target of these camphor and menthol derivatives as ligands, along with structure-activity studies. |
35950245 | Expanding Arsenal against Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Quercetin Based Nanoformulations: Breakthroughs and Bottlenecks. | Quercetin (Qu), a dietary flavonoid, is obtained from many fruits and vegetables such as coriander, broccoli, capers, asparagus, onion, figs, radish leaves, cranberry, walnuts, and citrus fruits. It has proven its role as a nutraceutical owing to numerous pharmacological effects against various diseases in preclinical studies. Despite these facts, Qu and its nanoparticles are less explored in clinical research as a nutraceutical. The present review covers various neuroprotective actions of Qu against various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A literature search was conducted to systematically review the various mechanistic pathways through which Qu elicits its neuroprotective actions and the challenges associated with raw Qu promise therapeutic efficacy. The nanoformulations developed to enhance Qu's therapeutic efficacy are also covered. Various pleted clinical trials related to Qu in treating various diseases, including NDs, are also tabulated. Despite these many successes, the exploration of research on Qu-loaded nanoformulations is limited mostly to preclinical studies, probably due to poor drug loading and stability of the formulation, time-consuming steps involved in the formulation, and their poor scale-up capacity. Hence, future efforts are required in this area to reach Qu nanoformulations to the clinical level. |
35950247 | The Unethical Use of Paracetamol As a Food Tenderizer in Four Selected African Countries: A Major Public Health Concern? | Paracetamol poisoning is monest cause of acute liver injury. Therefore, the unethical use of paracetamol as a food tenderizer poses a threat to human health. Although this is mon practice in Ghana, Uganda, Nigeria, and Kenya, there are few or no scientific records on the use of paracetamol as a food tenderizer and its deleterious effects, thus making it difficult to regulate this practice. This review aims to fully collate and present a systematic overview of the literature on the use of paracetamol as a food tenderizer in these countries, the potentially harmful effects posed by the practice, and measures in place to curb the situation. Additionally, this review aims to reveal the scientific gaps and areas requiring more research, thus providing a reference for further research to regulate this unscrupulous practice. From our extensive review of the literature, the high cost of fuel used in cooking and longer cooking times are the main reasons for the inappropriate use of paracetamol as a food tenderizer. Also, this review concludes that little has been done to create public awareness of this unethical practice. Furthermore, few ways to monitor, control and regulate this practice have been proposed. |
35950250 | Direct Reprogramming in Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases: Applications, Obstacles and Directions. | With a booming aging population worldwide, bone and joint degenerative diseases have gradually e a major public health focus, attracting extensive scientific attention. However, the effective treatments of these degenerative diseases have been confined to traditional medications and surgical interventions, which easily lead to the possibility of drug abuse or loss of physiological function to varying degrees. Recently, given that the development of reprogramming has e shackles in the field of degenerative diseases, direct reprogramming would provide a new concept to accelerate progress in the therapy of bone and joint degenerative diseases. The process of direct reprogramming would directly induce ordinary somatic cells to the desired targeted cells without passing through pluripotent cell states. In this review, we summarize some direct reprogramming of cells that has been attempted for the repair mon bone and joint degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis-related fracture and intervertebral disc degeneration. However, it is inevitable that some obstacles, such as accurate transcription factors, an appropriate extracellular microenvironment and efficient delivery carriers in vivo, need to be resolved. In addition, developmental and promising directions associated with direct reprogramming have attracted public attention. Investigation of the regulation of the transient genome, metabolic conversion and cellular skeleton would provide superior potential candidates for the revolution of direct reprogramming. The aim of direct reprogramming is to directly provide target cells for cell therapy and even tissue reconstruction in bone and joint degenerative diseases. Moreover, the development of direct reprogramming have potential to achieve repair and even reconstruct in situ, which would be breakthrough effect for the repair of bone and joint degenerative diseases. The advance of direct reprogramming has opened numerous opportunities for new therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine. |
35950248 | Pain Allaying Epalrestat-Loaded Lipid Nanoformulation for the Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Interventions: Design, Development, and Animal Study. | Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the plication of diabetes mellitus. Epalrestat, an aldose reductase inhibitor, has been approved for clinical therapy for diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. In the present study, solid lipid-based nanoparticles are used for oral administration of epalrestat (E-SLN) and evaluated against diabetic neuropathic pain in a rat model. |
35950249 | Diagnostic Value of DCE-MRI and Tofts Model in Children with Unilateral Hydronephrosis. | Hydronephrosis is mon condition, and the correct diagnosis of hydronephrosis is necessary to improve the early diagnosis rates of pediatric hydronephrosis. |
35950246 | mtDNA Maintenance and Alterations in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases. | Considerable evidence indicates that the semiautonomous organelles mitochondria play key roles in the progression of many neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) ponents of the plex but mutated mtDNA accumulates in cells with aging, which mirrors the increased prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. This accumulation stems not only from the misreplication of mtDNA and the highly oxidative environment but also from defective mitophagy after fission. In this review, we focus on several pivotal mitochondrial proteins related to mtDNA maintenance (such as ATAD3A and TFAM), mtDNA alterations including mtDNA mutations, mtDNA elimination, and mtDNA release-activated inflammation to understand the crucial role played by mtDNA in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. Our work outlines novel therapeutic strategies for targeting mtDNA. |
35950251 | The Role of Photobiomodulation on Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Regenerative Dentistry: A Comprehensive Systematic Review. | Photobiomodulation therapy involves exposing tissues to light sources, including light-emitting diodes or low-level lasers, which results in cellular function modulation. The molecular mechanism of this treatment is revealed, demonstrating that depending on the light settings utilized, it has the potential to elicit both stimulatory and inhibitory reactions. |
35950252 | Cerebral Vasospasm: Practical Review of Diagnosis and Management. | Cerebral vasospasm is one of the plications that can occur following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). With new protocols in the management of SAH, bined risk of death and long-term disability have been reduced by about pared with the past. |
35950243 | Advances in the Biological Functions and Mechanisms of miRNAs in the Development of Osteosarcoma. | a is one of the mon primary malignant bone tumors, mainly occurring in children and adolescents, and is characterized by high morbidity and poor prognosis. MicroRNAs, a class of noncoding RNAs consisting of 19 to 25 nucleotides, are involved in cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis to regulate the development and progression of a. Studies have found that microRNAs are closely related to the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of a patients and have an important role in improving drug resistance in a. This paper reviews the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of a and their clinical value, aiming to provide a new research direction for diagnosing and treating a and achieving a better prognosis. |
35950253 | Fiber Intake and Vegan Lifestyle Behaviour on Blood Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Case-Control Study. | The study aims to determine the relationship between blood glucose level control with a vegetarian diet and vegan lifestyle behavior in patients with T2DM. |
35950254 | Central Effects of Ivermectin in Alleviation of Covid-19-induced Dysauto-nomia. | Covid-19 may be associated with various neurological disorders, including dysautonomia, a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). In Covid-19, hypoxia, immunoinflammatory abnormality, and deregulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may increase sympathetic discharge with dysautonomia development. Direct SARS-CoV-2 cytopathic effects and associated inflammatory reaction may lead to neuroinflammation, affecting different parts of the central nervous system (CNS), including the autonomic center in the hypothalamus, causing dysautonomia. High circulating AngII, hypoxia, oxidative stress, high pro-inflammatory cytokines, and emotional stress can also provoke autonomic deregulation and high sympathetic outflow with the development of the sympathetic storm. During SARS-CoV-2 infection with neuro-invasion, GABA-ergic neurons and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) are inhibited in the hypothalamic pre-sympathetic neurons leading to sympathetic storm and dysautonomia. Different therapeutic modalities are applied to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection, like antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs. Ivermectin (IVM) is a robust repurposed drug widely used to prevent and manage mild-moderate Covid-19. IVM activates both GABA-ergic neurons and nAChRs to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 infection- induced dysautonomia. Therefore, in this brief report, we try to identify the potential role of IVM in managing Covid-19-induced dysautonomia. |
35950255 | Respiratory Syncytial Virus is the Most Common Causative Agent of Viral Bronchiolitis in Young Children: An Updated Review. | Viral bronchiolitis is mon condition and a leading cause of hospitalization in young children. |
35950256 | Development and Challenges of Synthetic Retinoid Formulations in Cancer. | Retinoids represent a class of pounds derived from or structurally and functionally related to vitamin A. Retinoids play crucial roles in regulating a range of crucial biological processes spanning embryonic development to adult life. These include regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. Due to their promising characteristics, retinoids emerged as potent anti-cancer agents, and their effects were validated in vitro and in vivo preclinical models of several solid and hematological malignancies. However, their clinical translation remained limited due to poor water solubility, photosensitivity, short half-life, and toxicity. The development of retinoid delivery formulations was extensively studied to e these limitations. This review will summarize some preclinical mercial synthetic retinoids in cancer and discuss their different delivery systems. |
35950257 | Family structure in relation to body mass index and metabolic score in European children and adolescents. | Living in single parent and blended families or as an only pared to living in two-parent biological families or with siblings, respectively-is associated with a higher body mass index (BMI) in cross-sectional studies. However, longitudinal research addressing the children's BMI in this context is scarce. Further, little is known about the association between family structure and metabolic health. |
35950259 | AAPM MEDICAL PHYSICS PRACTICE GUIDELINE 5.b: Commissioning and QA of treatment planning dose calculations-Megavoltage photon and electron beams. | The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) is a nonprofit professional society whose primary purposes are to advance the science, education, and professional practice of medical physics. The AAPM has more than 8000 members and is the principal organization of medical physicists in the United States. The AAPM will periodically define new practice guidelines for medical physics practice to help advance the science of medical physics and to improve the quality of service to patients throughout the United States. Existing medical physics practice guidelines will be reviewed for the purpose of revision or renewal, as appropriate, on their fifth anniversary or sooner. Each medical physics practice guideline represents a policy statement by the AAPM, has undergone a thorough consensus process in which it has been subjected to extensive review, and requires the approval of the Professional Council. The medical physics practice guidelines recognize that the safe and effective use of diagnostic and therapeutic radiology requires specific training, skills, and techniques, as described in each document. Reproduction or modification of the published practice guidelines and technical standards by those entities not providing these services is not authorized. The following terms are used in the AAPM practice guidelines: Must and Must Not: Used to indicate that adherence to the mendation is considered necessary to conform to this practice guideline. While must is the term to be used in the guidelines, if an entity that adopts the guideline has shall as the preferred term, the AAPM considers that must and shall have the same meaning. Should and Should Not: Used to indicate a prudent practice to which exceptions may occasionally be made in appropriate circumstances. |
35950260 | Excited State Charge-Transfer Complexes Enable Fluorescence Color Changes in a Supramolecular Cyclophane Mechanophore. | Mechanochromic mechanophores are reporter molecules that indicate mechanical events through changes of their photophysical properties. Supramolecular mechanophores in which the activation is based on the rearrangement of luminophores and/or quenchers without any covalent bond scission, remain less well investigated. Here, we report a cyclophane-based supramolecular mechanophore that contains a 1,6-bis(phenylethynyl)pyrene luminophore and a pyromellitic diimide quencher. In solution, the blue monomer emission of the luminophore is largely quenched and a faint reddish-orange emission originating from a charge-transfer plex is observed. A polyurethane elastomer containing the mechanophore displays orange emission in the absence of force, which is dominated by the CT-emission. Mechanical deformation causes a decrease of the CT-emission and an increase of blue monomer emission, due to the spatial separation between the luminophore and quencher. The ratio of the two emission intensities correlates with the applied stress. |
35950264 | How Least Developed to Lower-Middle Income Countries Use Health Technology Assessment: A Scoping Review. | Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is a multidisciplinary tool to inform healthcare decision-making. HTA has been implemented in e countries (HIC) for several decades but has only recently seen a growing investment in low- and e countries. A scoping review was undertaken to define pare the role of HTA in least developed and lower e countries (LLMIC). MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from January 2015 to August 2021. A prising categories on HTA objectives, methods, geographies, and partnerships was used for data extraction and synthesis to present our findings. The review identified 50 relevant articles. The matrix was populated and sub-divided into further categories as appropriate. We highlight topical aspects of HTA, including initiatives to e well-documented challenges around data and capacity development, and identify gaps in the research for consideration. Those areas we found to be under-studied or under-utilized included disinvestment, early HTA/implementation, system-level interventions, and cross-sectoral partnerships. We consider broad practical implications for decision-makers and researchers aiming to achieve greater interconnectedness between HTA and health systems and generate mendations that LLMIC can use for HTA implementation. Whilst HIC may have led the way, LLMIC are increasingly beginning to develop HTA processes to assist in their healthcare decision-making. This review provides a forward-looking model that LLMIC can point to as a reference for their own implementation. We hope this can be seen as timely and useful contributions to optimize the impact of HTA in an era of investment and expansion and to encourage debate and implementation. |
35950265 | Science communication fellowship programs as gatekeepers. | munication fellowship programs act as gatekeepers to the skills and opportunities they provide scientists and municators. In this role, they may either resist or reproduce inequities present in society at large. We conducted interviews with 25 US-based munication fellowship directors representing 23 programs to investigate (1) what types of capital these programs provide to fellows and (2) what rules and norms may shape access to these programs. Our results suggest that these programs connect fellows to rich forms of cultural and social capital in the form of experiential learning and mentorships. However, access to these programs is likely shaped by forms of infrastructure, literacy, munity acceptance. Maintaining the status quo in these organizations may not be enough to resist social inequity, and we finish this article with a call for reflexivity and actionable transformation within these programs. |
35950267 | Healthcare costs of a telemonitoring programme for heart failure: indirect deterministic data linkage analysis. | We aim to evaluate the costs associated with healthcare resource consumption for chronic heart failure (HF) management in patients allocated to telemonitoring versus standard of care (SC). |
35950268 | The role of ideological dimensions in shaping acceptance of facial recognition technology and reactions to algorithm bias. | Facial recognition technology has been introduced into various aspects of social life, yet it has raised concerns over its infringement of civil liberties and biases against minorities. This study investigates how three ideological dimensions-social dominance orientation, right-wing authoritarianism, and libertarianism-shape facial recognition acceptance. First, two surveys of crowdsourced workers ( |
35950269 | Prevalence and prognostic implications of reduced left ventricular ejection fraction among patients with STEMI in India. | To describe clinical characteristics and es for those with STEMI and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in e and e countries (LMICs). |
35950266 | Immunomodulation in age-related disorders and nanotechnology interventions. | Recently, the aging population has increased exponentially around the globe bringing more challenges to improve quality of life in those populations while reducing the economic burden on healthcare systems. Aging is associated with changes in the immune system culminating in detrimental effects such as immune dysfunction, immunosenescence, and chronic inflammation. Age-related decline of immune functions is associated with various pathologies including cardiovascular, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and infectious diseases to name a few. Conventional treatment addresses the onset of age-related diseases by early detection of risk factors, administration of vaccines as preventive care, immunomodulatory treatment, and other dietary supplements. However, these approaches e with systemic side-effects, low bioavailability of therapeutic agents, and poor es seen in the elderly. Recent innovations in nanotechnology have led to the development of novel biomaterials/nanomaterials, which explore targeted drug delivery and immunomodulatory interactions in vivo. Current nanotechnology-based immunomodulatory approaches that have the potential to be used as therapeutic interventions for some prominent age-related diseases are discussed here. Finally, we explore challenges and future aspects of nanotechnology in the treatments of age-related disorders to improve quality of life in the elderly. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies. |
35950270 | The impact of nature-led recovery initiatives for individual and community health post disaster: a systematic literature review. | The impact of disasters on individual munity health can be extensive. As such, there exists the need to establish recovery measures that provides support psychologically and with additional mental health services and resilience building for affected people and munities. Nature-led recovery is one such approach that has the ability to positively impact the mental health of people and munities after a disaster. Nature-led recovery focuses on the social, economic and environmental recovery through activities that connect people and munities to nature and the natural environment with the aim to foster recovery after a disaster. Nature-led recovery initiatives support the connection of people with nature and the natural environment to support such recovery processes. This review considers munity and government-led responses pertaining to nature-led recovery. The aim of this review is to systematically explore the literature on the impact of nature-led recovery initiatives on individual munity health following a disaster. |
35950263 | The 2022 Lady Estelle Wolfson lectureship on neurofilaments. | Neurofilament proteins (Nf) have been validated and established as a reliable body fluid biomarker for neurodegenerative pathology. This review covers seven Nf isoforms, Nf light (NfL), two splicing variants of Nf medium (NfM), two splicing variants of Nf heavy (NfH), |
35950271 | Chronic cerebral blood flow alterations in traumatic brain injury and sports-related concussions. | Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and sports-related concussion (SRC) may result in chronic functional and neuroanatomical changes. We tested the hypothesis that neuroimaging findings (cerebral blood flow (CBF), cortical thickness, and |
35950272 | Dosimetric evaluation of respiratory gating on a 0.35-T magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy linac. | mercial 0.35-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided radiotherapy vendor ViewRay recently introduced upgraded real-time imaging frame rates based pressed sensing techniques. Furthermore, additional motion tracking algorithms were made available. Compressed sensing allows for increased image frame rates but promise image quality. To assess the impact of this upgrade on respiratory gating accuracy, we evaluated gated dose distributions pre- and post-upgrade using a motion phantom and radiochromic film. |
35950273 | Ectopic opening of common bile duct into the duodenal bulb: magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography findings. | PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the spectrum of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) findings in patients with ectopic opening of mon bile duct (CBD) into the duodenal bulb and to determine the effectiveness of the MRCP technique in diagnosis. METHODS Morphologic and morphometric MRCP/MRI features in 16 patients and 36 controls were retrospectively analyzed by 2 radiologists. The frequency of MRCP findings was determined. The significance of the difference between the MRCP observations in patients and controls was evaluated statistically and the diagnostic effectiveness of MRCP was investigated. RESULTS Hook-shaped ending of CBD and bulbar deformity were the most frequent morphologic findings seen on MRCP in the ectopic bulbar opening. Mean pylorus-papilla distance and mean CBD length were significantly shorter and the median diameter of CBD was significantly larger than the control group (patients: 28.6 ± 15.3 mm, 33.7 ± 12.8 mm, 8.6 (2-16) mm; controls: 66.7 ± 11.7 mm, 50.3 ± 14.4 mm, 3.2 (1.5-10) mm, P < .001, respectively). Receiver operating curve analysis showed sensitivity and specificity of MRCP in the diagnosis to be 87.5% and 100%, respectively, if any 3 of the 4 signs (hook-shaped ending of CBD, bulbar deformity, large, and short CBD) were present in a patient whose pylorus-papilla distance was <50 mm. CONCLUSION At MRCP, the presence of short and large CBD with a hook-shaped ending in the deformed duodenal bulb may support the diagnosis of ectopic biliary drainage. |
35950275 | A new proposal of an ultrasonic imaging model for predicting overall and progression-free survival in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. | PURPOSE We aimed to develop models for predicting overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Clinicopathological characteristics and laboratory information of patients were collected. We retrospectively analyzed presurgical data of 216 patients with primary HCC. The random forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression models were used to select features. We established prognostic models for predicting OS and PFS of primary liver cancer using ultrasonic imaging as well as clinical and pathological features. Accuracy of the models was evaluated using area under the curve, C index, and calibration curves, whereas their clinical application value was assessed using decision curve analysis. RESULTS Models for predicting OS and PFS were established based on ultrasonic imaging accessible features. The models showed excellent accuracy and prognosis prediction of OS and PFS in patients with primary HCC. CONCLUSION The established models based on factors such as aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index, Child-Turcotte-Pugh grade, tumor grade, hepatitis B virus-DNA, the intensity of ultrasound enhancement at the portal stage, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio, portal hypertension, gender, stage, the beginning time of ultrasonic contrast, and the total grade of ultrasonic enhancement can effectively predict OS and PFS of primary HCC. |
35950274 | Comparison of spin-echo echo-planar imaging magnetic resonance elastography with gradient-recalled echo magnetic resonance elastography and their correlation with transient elastography. | PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the agreement between liver stiffness (LS) values obtained by the gradient-recalled echo (GRE) magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and spin-echo echo-planar imaging (SE-EPI) MRE with those of transient elastography (TE), respectively. METHODS We retrospectively included 48 participants who underwent liver MRE with both GRE and SE-EPI sequences in the same session and also TE within 1 year. We obtained LS values for MRE by drawing free-hand region of interest, and TE was performed using a FibroScan device. We assessed the relationship between the mean LS values obtained by each MRE sequence and TE using the correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots, respectively. We pared LS values and technical failure rates of measured values from MRE between SE-EPI and GRE sequences using the paired t-test and McNemar's test. The MRE failure was defined as the absence of pixel value with a confidence index above 95%. RESULTS The LS values from SE-EPI and GRE sequences strongly correlated with those from TE (GRE; r = 0.73, P < .001 vs. SE-EPI; r = 0.79, P < .001). In addition, the LS values from the 2 MRE sequences showed excellent relationship (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.94 [0.89-0.97], P < .001). The LS values from SE-EPI and GRE MRE were not significantly different (4.14 kPa vs. 3.88 kPa, P = .19). Furthermore, the technical success rate of SE-EPI MRE was superior to that of GRE (100% vs. 83.8%, P = .031). CONCLUSION The measured LS values obtained using TE correlated strongly with those obtained using GRE and SE-EPI MRE techniques, even though SE-EPI-MRE resulted a higher technical success rate than GRE-MRE. Therefore, we believe that TE, GRE, and SE-EPI MR elastography techniques plement each other according to the appropriate individual situation. |
35950276 | Application of the Kaiser score by MRI in patients with breast lesions by ultrasound and mammography. | PURPOSE This study aimed to verify whether the use of the Kaiser score can improve the diagnostic performance in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for suspicious lesions and avoid further invasive diagnostic approaches. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 97 patients who underwent breast MRI before undergoing breast biopsy or surgery. Evaluations were conducted on all MRI images individually by 2 radiologists using the Kaiser score. Neither radiologist had the knowledge of the final histopathological diagnosis. The ability of the Kaiser score in diagnosis was established via a receiver performing characteristic (ROC) analysis, which was measured by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Youden index was used to define the optimal cutoff value. Kaiser score categories were dichotomized into positive (cutoff score > 4) and negative scores (cutoff score ≤ 4). Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to analyze the inter-rater agreement. RESULTS Histopathology revealed 56 malignant and 41 benign lesions. The AUC for all lesions evaluated by the Kaiser score was 0.992 (95% CI: 0.981-1.0) and 0.958 (95% CI: 0.920-0.996) for 2 radiologists, respectively. Inter-rater agreement of the dichotomized Kaiser score was excellent (κ=0.894, P < .001). A total of 20 lesions (33.8%) previously categorized as BI-RADS 4 were reduced to BI-RADS 2/3 (19 benign lesions and 1 malignant lesion). CONCLUSION The Kaiser score is a valuable auxiliary diagnostic tool for improving the diagnostic ability of radiologists, whose experiences in breast MRI are diverse. In some cases, the application of the Kaiser score could possibly avoid unnecessary breast biopsies. |
35950277 | Diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging on axillary lymph node status in breast cancer patients. | PURPOSE This article will examine the usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) on the assessment of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) of breast cancer patients. METHODS Axillary lymph nodes in 66 breast cancer patients were examined by DTI and DWI, and the largest lymph node with increased cortical thickness in axilla was selected. Morphological features, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), volume anisotropy, and fractional anisotropy values were measured by using a special software. Imaging findings and histopathological results were recorded. RESULTS Metastatic ALN were detected in 43 (65.1%) patients. Cortical thickness of the metastatic ALN was significantly higher than the non-metastatic ALNs (P < .001), and the long-axis-to-shortaxis ratio was significantly lower in metastatic ALNs (P < .001). There was a statistically significant difference between the ALN status and fatty hilum presence (P < .001). Apparent diffusion coefficient values of metastatic ALNs were statistically lower than those of non-metastatic ALNs (P < .001) using a cutoff value of 1.26 × 10-3 mm2 /s for b=500 ADC and 1.21 × 10-3 mm2 /s for b=800 ADC which had 97.7% sensitivity and 91.3% specificity. Fractional anisotropy and volume anisotropy values were significantly different between both groups. A cutoff value of 0.47 for b-500 fractional anisotropy had 83.7% sensitivity, 69.6% specificity 69.6% positive predictive value, and 83.7% negative predictive value. A cutoff value of 0.33 for b=500 volume anisotropy had 76.7% sensitivity, 78.3% specificity, 86.8% positive predictive value, and 64.3% negative predictive value. CONCLUSION Apparent diffusion coefficient value of metastatic ALNs was found to be significantly lower than those of non-metastatic ALN, and DTI metrics of metastatic ALN were found to be significantly higher than those of non-metastatic ALN. Overall, ADC had a better diagnostic performance than morphological features, fractional anisotropy, and volume anisotropy. Diffusion tensor imagingderived diffusion metrics may be used plement breast magnetic resonance imaging in the future after further standardization of the imaging parameters. |
35950278 | Factors influencing the total procedure time of CT-guided percutaneous core-needle biopsies of lung nodules: a retrospective analysis. | PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the factors that influence total procedure time when puted tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous core-needle lung biopsies. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 673 patients, who underwent a CT-guided percutaneous coreneedle biopsy at a tertiary care center from March 2014 to August 2016. Data on patient, nodule, and procedural factors and es were collected retrospectively. Univariate linear regression and a multivariate stepwise linear regression were utilized for analysis. RESULTS Factors most strongly associated with prolonged procedure duration include 20-gauge needle use pared with 18-gauge needle use (estimated difference in time=1.19), collecting additional core biopsies (estimated difference in time=1.10), decubitus nodule side up (DNSU; estimated difference in time=1.42), and supine positioning (estimated difference in time=1.16) relative to decubitus nodule side down positioning, and increased nodule distance from the skin surface (estimated difference in time=1.03). Increased nodule length (estimated difference in time=0.93) was associated with reductions in procedure duration. Prolonged procedure time was associated with an increased rate of pneumothorax (odds ratio (OR)=1.02; P < .0001) and decreased rate of pulmonary hemorrhage (OR=0.97; P < .0001). CONCLUSION The use of 20-gauge biopsy needle, collecting additional core biopsies, DNSU and supine positioning, smaller nodule size, and increasing nodule distance from the skin surface were associated with increased procedure time for CT-guided core needle biopsies of lung nodules. Prolonged procedure time is associated with a higher rate of pneumothorax and a lower rate of pulmonary hemorrhage. |
35950279 | Safety and feasibility of single use cholecystoscopy for guiding laser or mechanical cholelithotripsy, and mechanical cholelithotomy. | PURPOSE Patients with acute calculus cholecystitis and contraindications to cholecystectomy receive cholecystostomy drainage catheters, many of which remain in place until end of life. This study aims to assess safety, feasibility, and early clinical es of percutaneous cholecystoscopy using the LithoVue endoscope, laser/mechanical cholelithotripsy, and mechanical cholelithotomy for management of symptomatic cholelithiasis. METHODS This was a single-institute retrospective analysis of 17 patients with acute calculus cholecystitis who had contraindications to cholecystectomy, underwent cholecystostomy catheter placement between 2015 and 2017, and stone removal between 2017 and 2018. The LithoVue 7.7- 9.5 F endoscope was used bination with laser/mechanical cholelithotripsy, mechanical retrograde, and balloon-assisted anterograde cholelithotomy to remove gallstones mon bile duct stones. Surgical contraindications ranged from cardiopulmonary disease to morbid obesity to neoplastic processes. Timing and number of interventions, as well as technical and clinical successes, were assessed. RESULTS The median time interval from cholecystostomy catheter placement to cholelithotripsy was 58 days, after an average of 2 tube exchange procedures. Technical and clinical success were achieved in all patients (stone-free gallbladder and cholecystostomy tube removal). On average, three sessions of cholecystoscopy and laser and mechanical cholelithotripsy were required plete gallstone extraction. The mean interval time between the first cholelithotripsy session and removal of cholecystostomy was 71.8±60.8 days. There were neither major nor minor plications. CONCLUSION Percutaneous cholecystoscopy using the LithoVue endoscope, bination with laser/ mechanical cholelithotripsy and mechanical cholelithotomy, is feasible, safe, well-tolerated, and was able to remove the cholecystostomy tube in the patients with contraindication to cholecystectomy. |
35950280 | Bronchial and non-bronchial systemic artery embolization with transradial access in patients with hemoptysis. | PURPOSE We aimed to determine the safety and feasibility of transradial access (TRA) in bronchial artery and non-bronchial systemic artery (NBSA) embolization in patients with non-massive hemoptysis. METHODS This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Among the 300 patients treated for hemoptysis with bronchial artery and NBSA embolization between April 2018 and July 2019, 19 procedures in 19 patients were conducted by TRA and were retrospectively analyzed. TRA was considered when the bronchial artery or NBSA originated from the arch vessel or its tributaries. The exclusion criteria of TRA included Barbeau C or D waveform and a radial artery diameter of less than 1.8 mm on ultrasound. TRA was also avoided in cases of the high-origin bronchial artery (i.e., T4 or higher level of the aorta). The hemoptysis-free time was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS The technical success (i.e., embolization of all target artery with TRA) rate was 94.7% (18 out of 19 patients). In terms of the target arteries, embolization with TRA was technically successful in treating 47 out of 48 arteries (97.9%). The 1-month and 6-month hemoptysis-free rates were 89.5% (17/19) and 73.7% (14/19), respectively. The only adverse event was iatrogenic dissection of the bronchial artery with little clinical significance in 1 patient. No access plications were identified on post-procedure day 1 ultrasonography. CONCLUSION With proper patient selection, TRA offers a safe and effective approach to embolize the bronchial arteries and NBSAs in patients with hemoptysis. |
35950281 | Effect of acquisition techniques, latest kernels, and advanced monoenergetic post-processing for stent visualization with third-generation dual-source CT. | PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the effect of tube voltage, current kernels, and monoenergetic post-processing on stent visualization. METHODS A 6 mm chrome-cobalt peripheral stent was placed in a dedicated phantom and scanned with the available tube voltage settings of a third-generation dual-source scanner in single-energy (SE) and dual-energy (DE) mode. Images were reconstructed using the latest convolution kernels and monoenergetic reconstructions (40-190 keV) for DE. The sharpness of stent struts (S), struts width (SW), contrast-to-noise-ratios (CNR), and pseudoenhancement (PE) between the vessel with and without stent were analyzed using an in-house built automatic analysis tool. Measurements were standardized through calculated z-scores. Z-scores bined for stent (SQ), luminal (LQ), and overall depiction quality (OQ) by adding S and SW, CNR and SW and PE, and S and SW and CNR and PE. Two readers rated overall stent depiction on a 5-point Likert-scale. Agreement was calculated using linear-weighted kappa. Correlations were calculated using Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS Maximum values of S and CNR were 169.1 HU/pixel for [DE; 100/ Sn 150 kV; Qr59; 40 keV] and 50.0 for [SE; 70 kV; Bv36]. Minimum values of SW and PE were 2.615 mm for [DE; 80 to 90/ Sn 150 kV; Qr59; 140 to 190 keV] and 0.12 HU for [DE; 80/ Sn 150 kV; Qr36; 190 keV]. bined z-scores of SQ, LQ, and OQ were 4.53 for [DE; 100/ Sn 150 kV; Qr 59; 40 keV], 1.23 for [DE; 100/ Sn 150 kV; Qr59; 140 keV] and 2.95 for [DE; 90/ Sn 150 kV; Qr59; 50 keV]. Best OQ of SE was ranked third with 2.89 for [SE; 90 kV; Bv59]. Subjective agreement was excellent (kappa=0.86; P < .001) and correlated well with OQ (rs=0.94, P < .001). CONCLUSION Combining puted tomography (CT) acquisition with the latest kernels and monoenergetic post-processing allows for improved stent visualization pared with SECT. The best overall results were obtained for monoenergetic reconstructions with 50 keV from DECT 90/Sn 150 kV acquisitions using kernel Qr59. |
35950282 | Outcomes of endovascular treatment of thoracic aorta pathologies: 10-year single-center results. | PURPOSE Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is a safe and effective treatment method for a variety of thoracic aortic pathologies. We aimed to investigate the mortality plication es and associated factors of TEVAR treatment in Turkey. METHODS In this single-centered retrospective study, patients with thoracic aorta pathologies treated with TEVAR at Gazi University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, between January 2009 and January 2020 were included. Perioperative, early, and late plications, and technical success were the es. RESULTS The prised 58 patients with 68 TEVAR interventions. Eleven (16.2%) patients were female, the mean age was 60.1 ± 13.4 years. Emergent TEVAR was required in 20.7% of the patients. The main indications of TEVAR were intact descending aorta aneurysms in 37.9% of the sample, 31.0% Stanford type-B dissection, and 12.1% traumatic transections. The technical success rate of primary and secondary interventions was 98.3% and 100%, respectively. The mortality rate in the first 30 days was 8.6%. Seventeen (29.3%) cases had at least plication related to TEVAR treatment. The plication was type-1A endoleak (10.3%). Having acute symptoms, stroke, and acute renal failure were significantly associated with mortality (P=.020, .049, and .009, respectively). CONCLUSION This study reported the es of TEVAR treatment from a tertiary medical center in Turkey over a decade. Patients presenting with acute symptoms and who developed stroke and acute renal failure after the procedure should be carefully followed up as these factors were found to be associated with mortality. |
35950283 | Operator radiation dose during trans-hepatic arterial chemoembolization: different patients' positions via transradial or transfemoral access. | PURPOSE This study aimed pare the radiation dose received by the operator among different patients' positions via transradial access (TRA) or transfemoral access (TFA) during transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS A total of 120 patients with HCC undergoing TACE for the first time between January and November 2019 were randomized into 4 groups with 30 patients in each group. In group A, patients were placed in the foot-first position with the left upper arm abducted, and TACE was performed via the left radial artery. In group B, patients were placed in the conventional headfirst position with the left hand placed at the left groin, and TACE was performed via the left radial artery. In group C, patients were placed in the conventional head-first position, and TACE was performed via the right radial artery. In group D, patients were placed in the conventional head-first position, and TACE was performed via the right femoral artery. Before each procedure, thermoluminescent dosimeters were taped at 7 different body parts of the operator and the radiation dose was measured and collected after the procedure. The normalized radiation dose was also calculated. Procedural parameters included radiation dose, fluoroscopy time (FT), dose-area product (DAP), and air kerma (AK) were recorded. Patients' demographics, tumor baseline characteristics, radiation dose, and procedural parameters pared between groups. RESULTS No significant differences were found in patients' demographics, tumor baseline characteristics, as well as in total FT, DAP, and AK. However, significant differences were found in the total radiation dose received by the operator and the doses on the pelvic cavity and the right wrist (P < .05). In group C, the radiation doses received on the pelvic cavity, the right wrist, and the total radiation doses were relatively higher. Significant differences were also found in the normalized radiation doses received by the operator on the thyroid, chest, left wrist, right wrist, and pelvic cavity, and the total normalized doses (all P < .05). Similarly, the radiation doses received by the operator at the aforementioned parts in group C were higher, while those in group A were lower. CONCLUSION No statistically significant differences were observed in the FT, DAP, and AK in TACE via TRA when patients were placed in different positions. However, TACE via the left TRA, with patients in the feet-first position, reduced the radiation dose received by the operator, thereby reducing the radiation risk. |